as-sĭmĭlis

aequus ( aecus, Pac. 32 Rib.; Lucr. 5, 1023 Lachm. and Munro; AIQVOS, S. C. de Bacch. 1. 26), a, um, adj. [formerly referred to EIKÔ, eoika, but Pott connects it with Sanscr. ēka = one, as if properly, one and uniform; others consider it as akin to aemulor, q. v.].

A.. Of place, that extends or lies in a horizontal direction, plain, even, level, flat (esp. freq. in the strategic descriptions of the histt.;

syn.: planus, aequalis, aequabilis, par, similis, justus): locus ad libellam aequus,

level, Varr. R. R. 1, 6 fin.:

aequus et planus locus,

Cic. Caec. 17 fin.:

in aequum locum se demittere,

Caes. B. G. 7, 28: legio, quae paulo aequiore loco constiterat, id. ib. 7, 51:

in aequum locum deducere,

Sall. J. 42 (cf. in Gr. eis to isoW katabainein, Xen. Anab. 4, 6, 18).— Trop.:

sive loquitur ex inferiore loco sive aequo sive ex superiore,

i. e. before the judges, sitting on raised seats, or in the Senate, or in the assembly of the people from the rostra, Cic. de Or. 3, 6, 23:

meos multos et ex superiore et ex aequo loco sermones habitos cum tuā summā laude,

from the tribune, and on private matters, id. Fam. 3, 8.—In the histt., sometimes subst.: aequum, i, n., with a gen., level ground, a plain:

facilem in aequo campi victoriam fore,

Liv. 5, 38:

ut primum agmen aequo, ceteri per acclive jugum insurgerent,

Tac. Agr. 35:

in aequum digredi,

id. ib. 18:

in aequo obstare,

id. ib. 36; id. H. 4, 23.—Also, an eminence, if it rises without inequalities:

dum Romanae cohortes in aequum eniterentur,

up the slope, Tac. A. 2, 80.—As a level place is more favorable for military operations than an uneven one, aequus has the signif.,

Favorable, convenient, advantageous (as its opp., iniquus, uneven, has that of unfavorable, etc.).

Of place:

locum se aequum ad dimicandum dedisse,

Caes. B. C. 3, 73:

etsi non aequum locum videbat suis,

Nep. Milt. 5, 4:

non hic silvas nec paludes, sed aequis locis aequos deos,

Tac. A. 1, 68. —

Of time: judicium aequiore tempore fieri oportere, more propitious, Cic. Corn. Fragm. ap. Ascon. p. 72:

et tempore et loco aequo,

Liv. 26, 3:

tempore aequo,

Suet. Caes. 35.—

In gen., of persons or things (freq. and class.), favorable, kind, friendly, benevolent, etc.; constr. absol. with dat., or in and acc. (in poets in with abl.).

Absol.:

consequeris, ut eos ipsos, quos contra statuas, aequos placatosque dimittas,

Cic. Or. 10, 34:

nobilitate inimica, non aequo senatu,

id. Q. Fr. 2, 3 med.:

meis aequissimis utuntur auribus,

id. Fam. 7, 33:

oculis aspicere aequis,

Verg. A. 4, 372:

O dominum aequum et bonum,

Suet. Aug. 53:

boni et aequi et faciles domini,

id. Tib. 29.—

With dat.:

aequa Venus Teucris, Pallas iniqua fuit,

Ov. Tr. 1, 2, 6; id. A. A. 2, 310.—

With in and acc.:

quis hoc statuit, quod aequum sit in Quintium, id iniquum esse in Maevium,

Cic. Quint. 14.—

With in and abl.:

victor erat quamvis, aequus in hoste fuit,

Prop. 4, 18, 28.—Hence,

aequus, i, m. subst., a friend:

ego ut me tibi amicissimum esse et aequi et iniqui intellegant, curabo,

both friends and enemies, Cic. Fam. 3, 6 fin.:

aequis iniquisque persuasum erat,

Liv. 5, 45.

That is equal to another in any quality, equal, like; and of things divided into two equal parts, a half:

aequo censu censeri,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 92:

partīs,

Lucr. 3, 125; so Aur. Vict. Orig. 19, 1; and Vulg. 1 Reg. 30, 24:

aequa erit mensura sagorum,

ib. Exod. 26, 8:

pondera,

ib. Lev. 19, 36:

portio,

ib. 2 Mach. 8, 30:

aequa dementia,

Lucr. 1, 705 al.:

aequā manu discedere,

to come off with equal advantage, Sall. C. 39; so,

aequo Marte pugnare,

with equal success, Liv. 2, 6; Curt. 4, 15, 29; Flor. 4, 2, 48 al.:

urbs erat in summo nubibus aequa jugo,

Ov. P. 4, 7, 24:

aequum vulnus utrique tulit,

id. M. 9, 719 (cf. id. ib. 7, 803:

aequales urebant pectora flammae): sequiturque patrem non passibus aequis,

Verg. A. 2, 724:

pars aequa mundi,

Plin. 2, 19, 17, § 81:

utinam esset mihi pars aequa amoris tecum, i. e. aeque vicissim amaremus,

Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 12:

non tertiam portionem, verum aequam,

Plin. 3, 1, 1, § 5 al. —Hence the adverbial phrases,

Ex aequo, in like manner, in an equal degree, equally ( = ex isou, Hdt., Dem.), Lucr. 1, 854:

dixit et ex aequo donis formaque probata, etc.,

Ov. H. 16, 87; 20, 123; id. Am. 1, 10, 33; id. A. A. 2, 682; id. M. 3, 145; 4, 62; Liv. 36, 37:

adversarum rerum ex aequo socii sunt (Fosi Cheruscis), cum in secundis minores fuissent,

Tac. G. 36 fin. —

In aequo esse or stare, to be equal:

qui cogit mori nolentem, in aequo est, quique properantem impedit,

Sen. Phoen. 98:

ut naturam oderint, quod infra deos sumus, quod non in aequo illis stetimus,

id. Ben. 2, 29: in aequo ponere aliquem alicui, to make equal, to put on an equality, to compare:

in aequo eum (Philopoemenem) summis imperatoribus posuerunt,

Liv. 39, 50 fin. —

Morally.

Of persons, fair, equitable, impartial in conduct toward others (diff. from justus, just; v. aequitas, II.); constr. absol., with dat.; more rarely with gen.:

praetor aequus et sapiens,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 65; 2, 5, 59:

aequissimus aestimator et judex,

id. Fin. 3, 2:

praebere se aequum alicui,

id. Fam. 2, 1:

absentium aequi, praesentibus mobiles,

benevolent toward, Tac. A. 6, 36.—

Of things, fair, right, equitable, reasonable: ITA. SENATVS. AIQVOM. CENSVIT., S. C. de Bach. 1. 26: et aecum et rectum est, Pac. ap. Non. 261, 13 (Trag. Rel. p. 81 Rib.):

aequa et honesta postulatio,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 2:

quod justum est et aequum, servis praestate,

just and fair, Vulg. Col. 4, 1:

postulo primum id, quod aequissimum est, ut, etc.,

Cic. Clu. 2:

aequa lex et omnibus utilis,

id. Balb. 27:

aequissimis legibus monere,

Aur. Vict. Caes. 9, 5:

aequae conditiones,

Vell. 2, 25; see Fischer, Gr. II. 611.—Hence,

ae-quum, i, n. subst., what is fair, equitable, or just; fairness, equity, or justice, etc.: jus atque aequum, Enn. ap. Non. p. 399, 10 (Trag. v. 224 Vahl.):

utilitas justi prope mater et aequi,

Hor. S. 1, 3, 98:

aequi studium,

Aur. Vict. Caes. 24, 6.—Often with comparatives, more than is right, proper, reasonable:

lamentari amplius aequo,

Lucr. 3, 966:

injurias gravius aequo habere,

to feel too deeply, Sall. C. 50:

potus largius aequo,

Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 215.—Hence, aequum est, it is reasonable, proper, right, etc.; constr. with acc. and inf., in good prose also with dat. pers. and ut, Rudd. II. p. 235, n. 21: nos quiescere aequom est, Enn. ap. Diom. p. 382 P. (Trag. v. 199 Vahl.):

quae liberum scire aequom est adulescentem,

Ter. Eun. 3, 2, 25:

significant Imbecillorum esse aecum misererier omnīs,

Lucr. 5, 1023:

non est aequum nos derelinquere verbum Dei,

Vulg. Act. 6, 2:

aequius est mori quam auctoritatem imperii foedare,

Aur. Vict. Epit. 12, 7:

ut peritis? Ut piscatorem aequomst (sc. perire), fame sitique speque,

Plaut. Rud. 2, 2, 7; so,

sicut aequum est homini de potestate deorum timide et pauca dicamus,

Cic. Imp. Pomp. 16, 47.—In Plaut., with abl.:

plus vidissem quam med atque illo aequom foret,

would be becoming in me and him, Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 84; id. Rud. prol. 47.—

Aequum as subst. very freq. with bonum = aequitas, equitable conduct toward others, fairness, equity, etc.:

neque quidquam queo aequi bonique ab eo impetrare,

what is right and just, Plaut. Curc. 1, 1, 65:

cum de jure civili, cum de aequo et bono disputaretur,

Cic. Brut. 38:

ex aequo et bono, non ex callido versutoque jure rem judicari oportere,

id. Caecin. 23:

fit reus magis ex aequo bonoque quam ex jure gentium,

in accordance with justice and equity, Sall. J. 35.— Also without et:

illi dolum malum, illi fidem bonam, illi aequum bonum tradiderunt,

Cic. Top. 17.—So also, aequius melius, according to greater equily, Cic. Off. 3, 15; id. Top. 17.—

Of a state of mind, even, unruffled, calm, composed, tranquil, patient, enduring (cf. aequitas, II. B.);

esp. freq. with animus or mens: animus aequos optumum est aerumnae condimentum,

Plaut. Rud. 2, 3, 71:

concedo et quod animus aequus est et quia necesse est,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 50:

quodadest memento Componere aequus,

Hor. C. 3, 29, 32:

tentantem majora, fere praesentibus aequum,

id. Ep. 1, 17, 24;

and so, aequam memento rebus in arduis Servare mentem, etc.,

id. C. 2, 3, 1.—Esp. freq. in the adv. abl.: aequo (aequiore, aequissimo) animo, with even mind, with equanimity, patiently, calmly, quietly, with forbearance: ego, nisi Bibulus adniteretur de triumpho, aequo animo essem, nunc vero aischron siôpan, Cic. Att. 6, 8:

carere aequo animo aliquā re,

id. Brut. 6:

ferre aliquid,

Nep. Dion. 6, 7; Aur. Vict. Orig. 6, 3:

accipere,

Sall. C. 3, 2:

tolerare,

id. J. 31:

quo aequiore animo Germanicus celerem successionem operiretur,

Suet. Tib. 25:

testem se in judiciis interrogari aequissimo animo patiebatur,

id. Aug. 56.—In eccl. Lat. = bono animo:

aequo animo esto,

be of good cheer, Vulg. 3 Reg. 21, 7:

aequo animo (aliquis) est? Psallat,

ib. Jacob. 5, 13.—Hence: aequi bonique facere aliquid, to regard as fair and reasonable (prop., a gen. of value, Roby, § 1191), to put up with, be content with, submit to, acquiesce in, etc.:

istuc aequi bonique facio,

Ter. Heaut. 4, 5, 40: tranquillissimus animus meus totum istuc aequi boni [p. 59] facit, Cic. Att. 7, 7; Liv. 34, 22 fin.:

aequi istuc faciam,

it will be all the same to me, Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 189.—So also:

aequi bonique dicere,

to propose any thing reasonable, Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 32.—Hence, aequē, adv., in like manner, equally, just as = ex aequo, pariter, Gr. isôs, omoiôs (indicating the entire equality of two objects compared, while similiter denotes only likeness):

eā (benevolentiā) non pariter omnes egemus... honore et gloriā fortasse non aeque omnes egent,

Cic. Off. 2, 8, 30:

non possum ego non aut proxime atque ille aut etiam aeque laborare,

id. Fam. 9, 13, 2:

universa aeque eveniunt justo et impio,

Vulg. Eccl. 9, 2.

In the comic poets with cum or the comp. abl. (cf. adaeque); in Cic. and good class. authors gen. with et, atque, ac, ac si; less class. with quam, ut, quam ut; in Petr. with tamquam.

Aeque—cum:

animum advorte, ut aeque mecum haec scias,

Plaut. As. 2, 2, 66, id. Poen. prol. 47: novi aeque omnia tecum, Ter Phorm. 5, 9, 43. But in Plaut. As. 4, 1, 26, tecum una postea aeque pocla potitet, una belongs with tecum to potitet, and aeque is put absol. (sc. ut tu).—

Aeque with comp. abl.:

nullus est hoc meticulosus aeque,

as this person, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 137:

qui me in terrā aeque fortunatus erit,

id. Curc. 1, 2, 51.—

Aeque—et or aeque— que (as in Gr. ison kai, isa kai, Soph. Oed. Tyr. 611;

Thuc. 3, 14). nisi aeque amicos et nosmet ipsos diligamus,

equally as ourselves, Cic. Fin. 1, 20, 67. versūs aeque prima et media et extrema pars attenditur, id. de Or. 3, 50, 192; id. Rosc. Com. 1, 2; so id. Mur. 13, 28; id. Clu. 69, 195, id. Tusc. 2, 26, 62 al.:

quod Aeque neglectum pueris senibusque nocebit,

Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 26.—

Aeque—atque, —ac, —ac si, as... as; as much as, as: vide ne, quem tu esse hebetem deputes aeque ac pecus, is, etc., Att. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 22, 45: pumex non aeque aridus atque hic est senex, Plaut Aul. 2, 4, 18; Ter. Phorm 1, 2, 43; Varr. R. R. 3, 8, 2:

nisi haberes, qui illis aeque ac tu ipse gauderet,

Cic. Lael. 6, 22:

sed me colit et observat aeque atque patronum suum,

id. Fam. 13, 69; 2, 2; so id. Brut. 71, 248; id. Rosc. Am. 40, 116; Cels. 6, 15; Tac. H. 4, 5; Suet. Caes. 12 al.: aeque ac si. with the subj., just as if. altogether as if:

Egnatii absentis rem ut tueare, aeque a te peto ac si mea negotia essent,

Cic. Fam. 13, 43, 3; Auct Her 2, 13, 19: quo factum est, ut jumenta aeque nitida ex castellis educeret ac si in campestribus ea locis habuisset, Nep Eum. 5. 6; Liv. 10, 7, 4; 44, 22, 5 al.—

Aeque— quam (only in Plaut. and prose writers from the Aug. per.;

neither in Cic. nor in Cæs.),

as... as, in the same manner as, as well... as, like, Plaut. Mil. 2, 5, 55;

nullum esse agrum aeque feracem quam hic est,

id. Epid. 2, 3, 1:

nihil aeque eos terruit quam robur et color imperatoris,

Liv. 28, 26, 14, 5, 6, 11; so 5, 3, 4; 31, 1, 3;

in navibus posita aeque quam in aedificiis,

Plin. 2, 81, 83, § 196; so 2, 70, 72, § 180; Tac. A. 14, 38; id. H. 2, 10; 4, 52; Suet. Aug. 64, 89; id. Galb. 4 al.—

Aeque—ut, a rare combination, and unworthy of imitation (in authors of the class. per. its reception rests, for the most part, upon false readings for aeque et or aeque ac), as much as, like, cui nihil aeque in causis agendis ut brevitas placet, Plin. Ep. 1, 20, 1 Keil. accinctus aeque ut discinctus, Vulg. 3 Reg. 20, 11. Possidebitis eam (terram) singuli aeque ut frater suus, ib. Ezech. 47, 14:

idemque proficeret aeque ut rosaceum,

Plin. 23, 4, 45, § 89, where Jan reads proficeret quod rosaceum. —In Plaut. once aeque—quasi for the class. aeque ac. quem videam aeque esse maestum quasi dies si dicta sit, Plaut. As. 5, 1, 11 Fleck.—

Sometimes aeque—aeque, as well as, as much as. aeque pauperibus prodest, locupletibus aeque, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 25:

aeque discordiam praepositorum, aeque concordiam subjectis exitiosam,

Tac. Agr. 15.—

The comparison is often to be supplied from the whole sentence or context; hence, aeque stands absol. for aeque ac, etc. (ante-class. freq.; also in Cic. and Liv.), equally, as much as, as: eadem oratio non aeque valet, Enn. ap. Gell. 11, 4 (from Eurip. Hec. 295: logos... ou tauton sthenei):

satin habes, si feminarum nullast quam aeque diligam?

Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 11: Aetna mons non aeque altus, id. Mil. 4, 2, 73; 4, 7, 10; id. Most. 1, 3, 85, etc.; Ter. Phorm. 3, 3, 32; Cic. Fam. 4, 6, 1; so id. ib. 5, 21; id. Fin. 4, 33, 62:

aeque sons,

Liv. 29, 19, 2;

so 29, 19, 4 al.: aeque non est dubium,

it is as little doubtful, Plin. 2, 15, 13, § 68.—

With omnes, uterque, and definite numerals, to indicate that a thing applies equally to all the objects designated, equally:

non omnia eadem aeque omnibus suavia esse scito,

Plaut. As. 3, 3, 51; Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 2; so Cic. Off. 2, 8, 31; id. Fin. 4, 27, 75 al.:

etsi utrique nostrum prope aeque gratae erant (litterae),

id. Fam. 13, 18; so id. Quint. 28, 86; Verg. G. 3, 118; Ov. Tr. 3, 8, 33; id. Fast. 1, 226:

aeque ambo pares,

Plaut. Men. 5, 9, 60:

duae trabes aeque longae,

Caes. B. C. 2, 10; Suet. Aug. 101. —

Sometimes absol., with several substantives, alike, equally:

Tragici et comici Numquam aeque sunt meditati,

Plaut. Pers. 4, 2, 4. imperium bonus ignavus aeque sibi exoptant, Sall. C. 11.—

In Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 42, nec est mihi quisquam, melius aeque cui velim, melius velle is, perhaps, to be taken together as a phrase, and the comp. considered as used in a restricted sense, as in melius est. Others consider the comp. as used for the simple positive; cf. adaeque.—

Justly, with equity:

mihi id aeque factum arbitror,

Plaut. Mil. 5, 22 dub. (Ritschl: jureque id factum arbitror).— Comp.: ferro quam fame aequius perituros, more willingly, Sall. H. Fragm.— Sup.:

aequissime jus dicere,

Aur. Vict. Epit. 11, 2:

judicas ut qui aequissime,

Sid. 15, Ep. 11.

form, aequĭter, also occurs: praeda per participes aequiter partita est, Liv. Andr. ap. Non. 512, 31; so Pac. ib., Att. ib., and Plaut. acc. to Prisc. 1010 P.

ămo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. (amāsso = amavero, Plaut. Cas. 5, 4, 23; id. Curc. 4, 4, 22; id. Mil. 4, 2, 16; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 28 Müll.:

amāsse = amavisse,

Ter. Eun. 5, 1, 11:

amantum = amantium,

Plaut. Men. 2, 3, 4; Lucr. 4, 1077; Ov. A. A. 1, 439) [cf. Sanscr. kam = to love; hama = Sanscr. sam = Germ. sammt; Engl. same, Lat. similis; with the radical notion of likeness, union], to like, to love, eraô, phileô (both in the higher and the lower sense, opp. odisse; while diligere (agapô) designates esteem, regard; opp. neglegere or spernere; cf. Doed. Syn. IV. p. 97; in the high sense in the philos. writings and Epp. of Cicero; often in the low sense, esp. in the comic poets. In the Vulg. amo and amor are comparatively little used, prob. from their bad associations, amo being used 51 times and amor 20. Instead of these words, diligo, dilectio and caritas were used. Diligo (incl. dilectus) occurs 422 times, and dilectio and caritas 144 times in all; dilectio 43 and caritas 101 times).

In gen.:

quid autem est amare, nisi velle bonis aliquem adfici, quam maximis, etiamsi ad se ex iis nihil redeat,

Cic. Fin. 2, 24:

amare autem nihil aliud est, nisi eum ipsum diligere, quem ames, nullā indigentiā, nullā utilitate quaesitā,

id. Am. 27, 100:

videas corde amare (eos) inter se,

Plaut. Capt. 2, 3, 60; Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 42:

liberi amare patrem atque matrem videntur,

Gell. 12, 1, 23:

qui amat patrem aut matrem,

Vulg. Matt. 6, 5:

ipse Pater amat vos, h. l. used of God,

ib. Joan. 16, 27:

Cicerones pueri amant inter se,

love each other, Cic. Att. 6, 1:

magis te quam oculos nunc amo meos,

Ter. Ad. 4, 5, 67:

quem omnes amare meritissimo debemus,

Cic. de Or. 1, 55, 234.—So, amare aliquem ex animo, to love with all one's heart, Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 5:

unice patriam et cives,

id. Cat. 3, 5:

aliquem amore singulari,

id. Fam. 15, 20:

sicut mater unicum amat filium suum,

Vulg. 2 Reg. 1, 26:

dignus amari,

Verg. E. 5, 89.—Amare in ccntr. with diligere, as stronger, more affectionate: Clodius valde me diligit, vel, ut emphatikôteron dicam, valde me amat, Cic. ad Brut. 1, 1; id. Fam. 9, 14:

eum a me non diligi solum, verum etiam amari,

id. ib. 13, 47; id. Fragm. ap. Non. 421, 30 (Orell. IV. 2, p. 466); Plin. Ep. 3, 9.—But diligere, as indicative of esteem, is more emph. than amare, which denotes an instinctive or affectionate love:

non quo quemquam plus amem, aut plus diligam, Eo feci, sed, etc.,

Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 16:

homo nobilis, qui a suis et amari et diligi vellet,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 23:

te semper amavi dilexique,

have loved and esteemed, id. Fam. 15, 7: diligis (agapais) me plus his? Etiam, Domine, tu scis quia amo (philô) te, Vulg. Joan. 21, 15 sqq., ubi v. Alford, Gr. Test. al.—Hence in asseverations: ita (sic) me dii (bene) ament or amabunt, so may the gods love me, by the love of the gods, most assuredly:

ita me di amabunt, etc.,

Plaut. Poen. 1, 3, 30 (v. the pass. in its connection):

ita me di ament, credo,

Ter. And. 5, 4, 44:

non, ita me di bene ament,

id. Hec. 2, 1, 9:

sic me di amabunt, ut, etc.,

id. Heaut. 3, 1, 54.—Hence also ellipt.: ita me Juppiter! (sc. amet or amabit), Plaut. Poen. 1, 3, 31 (so in Engl. with different ellipsis, bless me! sc. God).—And as a salutation: Me. Salvus atque fortunatus, Euclio, semper sies. Eu. Di te ament, Me gadore, the gods bless you! Plaut. Aul. 2, 2, 6 al.—

Esp.

Amare se, of vain men, to be in love with, to be pleased with one's self, also, to be selfish (used mostly by Cic.):

quam se ipse amans sine rivali!

Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 8:

nisi nosmet ipsos valde amabimus,

id. Off. 1, 9, 29; so id. Att. 4, 16 med.; id. Har. Resp. 9:

homines se ipsos amantes,

Vulg. 2 Tim. 3, 2.—

Of unlawful love, Plaut. Bacch. 2, 2, 30:

ut videas eam medullitus me amare!

id. Most. 1, 3, 86 et saep.:

meum gnatum rumor est amare,

Ter. And. 1, 2, 14; 1, 2, 20 al.:

ibi primum insuevit exercitus populi Romani amare, potare, etc.,

Sall. C. 11, 6:

quae (via) eo me solvat amantem,

Verg. A. 4, 479:

non aequo foedere amare,

id. ib. 4, 520; Hor. S. 2, 3, 250 Heind.; Vulg. Jud. 16, 4; ib. 2 Reg. 13, 4 al. —

Trop., to love a thing, to like, to be fond of, to find pleasure in, delight in:

nomen, orationem, vultum, incessum alicujus amare,

Cic. Sest. 49, 105:

amavi amorem tuum,

id. Fam. 9, 16:

Alexidis manum amabam,

id. Att. 7, 2:

amabat litteras,

Nep. Att. 1, 2:

ea, quae res secundae amant, lasciviā atque superbiā incessere,

Sall. J. 41, 3:

amare nemus et fugere urbem,

Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 77:

amat bonus otia Daphnis,

Verg. E. 5, 61:

non omnes eadem mirantur amantque,

Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 58:

mirā diversitate naturā, cum īdem homines sic ament inertiam et oderint quietem,

Tac. G. 15:

pax et quies tunc tantum amata,

id. ib. 40:

qui amant vinum et pinguia,

Vulg. Prov. 21, 17:

amant salutationes in foro,

ib. Luc. 20, 46: amat Janua limen, loves to remain shut, i. e. is constantly closed, Hor. C. 1, 25, 3; so,

Nilus amet alveum suum,

keep to its bed, Plin. Pan. 31, 4 al. —With inf. as object:

hic ames dici pater atque princeps,

Hor. C. 1, 2, 50:

amant in synagogis orare,

Vulg. Matt. 6, 5.—

Amare aliquem de or in aliquā re, quod, etc., to like one for something, to be obliged to one for something, to be under obligation, be thankful.

With de:

ecquid nos amas De fidicinā istac?

Ter. Eun. 3, 2, 3:

de raudusculo multum te amo,

Cic. Att. 7, 2, 7.—

With in:

et in Attilii negotio te amavi,

Cic. Fam. 13, 62.—

With quod:

te multum amamus, quod, etc.,

Cic. Att. 1, 3: amas me, quod te non vidi? Domit. Afer. ap. Quint. 6, 3, 93.—Also without prep. or quod: soror, parce, amabo. Anter. Quiesco. Adelph. Ergo amo te, I like you, am much obliged to you, Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 40:

bene facis: Merito te amo,

Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 23.—Hence in the eilipt. lang. of conversation, amabo or amabo te (never amabo vos, etc.), lit. I shall like you ( if you say, do, etc., that for me).—Hence in entreaties = oro, quaeso, precor (with ut or ne foll.), be so good, I pray, entreat you (in Plaut. and Ter. very freq.; in the latter always amabo without te;

in Cic. only in Epistt.): quis hic, amabo, est, qui, etc.,

Plaut. Mil. 3, 3, 26:

qui, amabo?

id. Bacch. 1, 1, 19:

quid, amabo, obticuisti?

id. ib. 1, 1, 28 et saep.:

id, amabo, adjuta me,

Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 70:

id agite, amabo,

id. ib. 1, 2, 50 al.; Cat. 32, 1:

id, amabo te, huic caveas,

Plaut. Bacch. 1, 1, 10; id. Men. 4, 3, 4:

amabo te, advola,

Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 10:

cura, amabo te, Ciceronem nostrum,

id. Att. 2, 2.—With ut or ne foll.:

scin quid te amabo ut facias?

Plaut. Men. 2, 3, 71; 3, 3, 1:

amabo, ut illuc transeas,

Ter. Eun. 3, 3, 31:

amabo te, ne improbitati meae assignes, etc.,

Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 4.—

With inf., to do a thing willingly, to be wont or accustomed to (cf. phileô; mostly poet. or in post-Aug. prose):

clamore, vultu, saepe impetu, atque aliis omnibus, quae ira fieri amat,

delights to have done, is wont to do, Sall. J. 34, 1; cf. Quint. 9, 3, 17:

aurum per medios ire satellites Et perrumpere amat saxa potentius Ictu fulmineo,

Hor. C. 3, 16, 9; so id. ib. 2, 3, 9; id. Epod. 8, 15; Plin. 13, 4, 7, § 28; Tac. A. 4, 9.—Hence, ămans, antis, P. a., with gen. or absol.

Fond, loving, kind, feeling kindly to, benevolent, pleasing; and subst., a friend, patron:

continentem, amantem uxoris maxime,

Plaut. As. 5, 2, 7:

veterem amicum suum studiosum, amantem, observantem sui,

Cic. Rab. Post. 16:

homines amantes tui,

id. Fam. 9, 6:

cives amantes patriae,

id. Att. 9, 19; id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 5:

amans cruoris,

Ov. P. 2, 9, 46:

ad nos amantissimos tui veni,

Cic. Fam. 16, 7:

Amantissimus Domini habitabit in eo,

Vulg. Deut. 33, 12; ib. Amos, 5, 11: amantissima eorum non proderunt iis, their most [p. 108] pleasant things, ib. Isa. 44, 9; so ib. Os. 9, 16.—

Trop., of things, friendly, affectionate:

nomen amantius indulgentiusque,

Cic. Clu. 5:

lenissimis et amantissimis verbis utens,

id. Fam. 5, 15 al. —

Sometimes in a bad sense = amator or amica, a paramour; cf. Wolf ad Cic. Tusc. 4, 12, 27; cf. Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 38:

quis fallere possit amantem,

Verg. A. 4, 296; 4, 429:

amantium irae amoris integratio est,

Ter. And. 3, 3, 23:

oblitos famae melioris amantīs,

Verg. A. 4, 221:

perjuria amantūm,

Ov. A. A. 1, 633.— Hence, ămanter, adv., lovingly, affectionately, Cic. Fam. 5, 19; id. Att. 2, 4.— Comp., Tac. A. 1, 43.— Sup., Cic. Am. 1.

as-sĭmĭlis ( ads-, Ritschl, Baiter, Rib.; ass-, Merk.), e, adj., similar, like (cf. ad, D. 4.); constr. with gen., dat. with quasi, or absol. (rare; mostly poet. and in post - Aug. prose; once in Cic.).

With gen.:

quicquam adsimile hujus Quasi tu numquam facti feceris,

Plaut. Merc. 5, 3, 1:

latuscula adsimili lateris flexurā praedita nostri,

Lucr. 4, 336 Lachm.:

assimilis sui,

Ov. Tr. 1, 6, 27.—

With dat.:

silex cadenti imminet adsimilis,

Verg. A. 6, 603:

fratribus,

Ov. P. 2, 2, 85: raritas adsimilis spongiis, * Cic. N. D. 2, 55, 136:

aeri-adsimilis capillus,

Suet. Ner. 1; so id. Galb. 18; id. Vesp. 7.—

With quasi: Nam hoc adsimile est quasi de fluvio qui aquam derivat sibi, Plaut. Truc. 2, 7, 12.—

Absol.:

Inde sequetur, Adsimili ratione alias ut postulet ordo,

Lucr. 2, 493, and 4, 425.—

* Adv.: assĭ-mĭlĭter ( ads-), in like manner:

adsimiliter mi hodie optigit,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 27.

atque or āc (atque is used before vowels and consonants, ac, in class. lang., only before consonants; v. infra, I.), conj. [at has regularly in the compound atque a continuative, as in atqui it has an adversative force; pr. and further, and besides, and also; cf. in Gr. pros de, pros de eti, eti kai, eti de, and te kai; v. at init., and for the change of form atque, ac, cf. neque, nec; in MSS. and inscriptions sometimes written adque, and sometimes by confusion atqui ], a copulative particle, and also, and besides, and even, and (indicating a close internal connection between single words or whole clauses; while et designates an external connection of diff. objects with each other, v. et; syn.: et, -que, autem, praeterea, porro, ad hoc, ad haec).

In joining single words, which is its most common use.

In gen. (The following representation is based on a collection of all the instances of the use of atque and ac in Cic. Imp. Pomp., Phil. 2, Tusc. 1, and Off. 1; in Caes. B. G. 1 and 2; in Sall. C.; and in Liv. 21; and wherever in the account either author or work is not cited, there atque or ac does not occur.)

The form atque.

Before vowels and h. —Before a (very freq.):

sociorum atque amicorum,

Cic. Imp. Pomp. 2, 6; 3, 7; id. Phil. 2, 13, 33; id. Tusc. 1, 34, 122; Caes. B. G. 1, 2; 1, 18; 1, 26; 2, 14; Sall. C. 5, 8; 7, 5; Liv. 21, 3; 21, 12.—Before e (very freq.):

deposci atque expeti,

Cic. Imp. Pomp. 2, 5; 6, 16; 10, 28; id. Phil, 2, 21, 51; 2, 21, 52; id. Tusc. 1, 20, 46; Caes. B. G. 1, 6; 1, 15; 1, 18; 2, 19; Sall. C. 14, 6; 49, 4; Liv. 21, 4; 21, 37.—Before i (very freq.):

excitare atque inflammare,

Cic. Imp. Pomp. 2, 6; 3, 7; 7, 18; id. Phil. 2, 15, 37; 2, 21, 50; id. Tusc. 1, 20, 46; 1, 40, 97; Caes. B. G. 1, 17; 1, 20; 1, 22; 2, 1 bis; Sall. C. 2, 3; 3, 5; 14, 4; Liv. 21, 4; 21, 6; 21, 10.—Before o (freq. in Cic.):

honestissimus atque ornatissimus,

Cic. Imp. Pomp. 7, 17; 8, 21; 11, 31; id. Off. 1, 25, 86; 1, 27, 94; Caes. B. G. 1, 40; 2, 14; Sall. C. 10, 6; Liv. 21, 8.—Before u (very rare), Cic. Imp. Pomp. 3, 7; 5, 11; 6, 15; Caes. B. G. 1, 26; 2, 20; Sall. C. 31, 6; 42, 1.—Before h (not infreq.):

Sertorianae atque Hispaniensis,

Cic. Imp. Pomp. 4, 10; 7, 19; id. Tusc. 1, 28, 69; id. Off. 1, 24, 87; Caes. B. G. 1, 19; 2, 9; 2, 10; Sall. C. 6, 1; 12, 2; Liv. 21, 37.—

Before consonants.—Before b (very rare):

Gallorum atque Belgarum,

Caes. B. G. 1, 6; so,

Cassius atque Brutus,

Tac. A. 3, 76.—Before c (infreq. in Cic., freq. in Sall.):

in portubus atque custodiis,

Cic. Imp. Pomp. 6, 16; 8, 21; id. Phil. 2, 8, 18; id. Tusc. 1, 18, 42; id. Off. 1, 25, 88; Sall. C. 2, 3; 7, 4; 16, 3; 26, 4; 29, 3.—Before d (infreq.):

superatam esse atque depressam,

Cic. Imp. Pomp. 8, 21; id. Phil. 2, 44, 114: id. Off. 1, 6, 19; 1, 25, 85; 1, 33, 119; Sall. C. 4, 1; 20, 7; 20, 10.—Before f (infreq.):

vitiis atque flagitiis,

Cic. Imp. Pomp. 30, 72; id. Off. 1, 28, 98; 1, 28, 100; Caes. B. G. 1, 2; Sall. C. 1, 4; 2, 9; 11, 2.— Before g (very rare):

dignitate atque gloria,

Cic. Imp. Pomp. 4, 11; 5, 12:

virtute atque gloria,

Sall. C. 3, 2; 61, 9.—Before j (very rare):

labore atque justitia,

Sall. C. 10, 1; 29, 3.—Before l (rare):

hilari atque laeto,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 42, 100; id. Off. 1, 19, 64; Sall. C. 14, 3; 21, 2; 28, 4.—Before m (infreq. in Cic., once in Caes.):

multae atque magnae,

Cic. Imp. Pomp. 9, 23; 17, 50; id. Phil. 2, 39, 100; id. Off. 1, 29, 103; 1, 31, 110; Caes. B. G. 1, 34; Sall. C. 18, 4; 31, 7; 34, 1; 51, 1.—Before n (infreq.):

adventu atque nomine,

Cic. Imp. Pomp. 5, 13; 20, 60; id. Off. 1, 28, 101; Sall. C. 2, 2 bis. —Before p (infreq. in Cic.):

magna atque praeclara,

Cic. Imp. Pomp. 4, 10; 11, 31; 16, 48; id. Off. 1, 44, 156; Sall. C. 4, 1; 4, 4; 16, 2; 20, 3.—Before q (does not occur).—Before r (rare):

se conlegit atque recreavit,

Cic. Phil. 2, 24, 58.— Before s (rare in Cic.):

provinciarum atque sociorum,

Cic. Imp. Pomp. 1, 24, 71; id. Off. 1, 9, 30; 1, 21, 72; Sall. C. 2, 5; 2, 7; 6, 1.— Before t (infreq.):

parietum atque tectorum,

Cic. Phil. 2, 28, 69; id. Tusc. 1, 24, 57; id. Off. 1, 35, 126; Sall. C. 42, 2; 50, 3; 51, 38.—Before v (infreq.):

gravis atque vehemens,

Cic. Imp. Pomp. 9, 23; 9, 25; id. Tusc. 1, 23, 54; Sall. C. 1, 1; 12, 3; 45, 4; Liv. 21, 4; 21, 30.—

The form ac before consonants.—Before b (very rare):

sentientes ac bene meritos,

Cic. Off. 1, 41, 149:

feri ac barbari,

Caes. B. G. 1, 31 and 33.—Before c (very rare):

liberis ac conjugibus,

Liv. 21, 30:

Romae ac circa urbem,

id. 21, 62.—Before d (freq. in Cic.):

periculum ac discrimen,

Cic. Imp. Pomp. 5, 12; 9, 23; 12, 33; id. Tusc. 1, 17, 40; 1, 28, 69; id. Off. 1, 14, 42:

usus ac disciplina,

Caes. B. G. 1, 40; 2, 31; Sall. C. 5, 4; 5, 8; 28, 1; Liv. 21, 10; 21, 18; 21, 19.—Before f (infreq.):

opima est ac fertilis,

Cic. Imp. Pomp. 6, 14; 7, 19; id. Tusc. 1, 1, 2; 1, 27, 66; id. Off. 1, 29, 103:

potentissimos ac firmissimos,

Caes. B. G. 1, 3; 1, 48; 2, 12;

2, 13: pessuma ac flagitiosissima,

Sall. C. 5, 9; Liv. 21, 17; 21, 20.—Before g (does not occur).—Before j (very rare):

nobilitatis ac juventutis,

Cic. Phil. 2, 15, 37.—Before l (not infreq. in Liv.), Cic. Imp. Pomp. 4, 9; 23, 66; id. Phil. 2, 22, 54; Caes. B. G. 1, 12; 1, 23; 2, 23; Liv. 21, 13; 21, 14; 21, 35.—Before m (not infreq. in Cic.):

terrore ac metu,

Cic. Imp. Pomp. 9, 23; 18, 54 bis; 20, 59; id. Tusc. 1, 40, 95; id. Off. 1, 30, 106; Caes. B. G. 1, 39; 2, 14; Sall. C. 2, 4; 10, 1; Liv. 21, 8; 21, 60.—Before n (not infreq. in Cic.):

insedit ac nimis inveteravit,

Cic. Imp. Pomp. 3, 7:

gentes ac nationes,

id. ib. 11, 31; 12, 35 bis; id. Phil. 2, 21, 50; id. Tusc. 1, 21, 48; Caes. B. G. 1, 20; 2, 28; Liv. 21, 32.—Before p (not infreq. in Cic., Caes., and Liv.):

celeberrimum ac plenissimum,

Cic. Imp. Pomp. 12, 33; 12, 35; 13, 36; id. Phil. 2, 15, 39; id. Tusc. 1, 17, 41; id. Off. 1, 20, 68; Caes. B. G. 1, 18; 1, 20; 2, 13; 2, 19; Sall. C. 5, 9; Liv. 21, 25; 21, 34; 21, 35.—Before q (does not occur).—Before r (infreq.):

firmamenti ac roboris,

Cic. Imp. Pomp. 4, 10; 8, 21; 15, 45; id. Off. 1, 5, 15; Caes. B. G. 1, 25; Liv. 21, 41; 21, 44.—Before s (freq. in Cic. and Liv., infreq. in Caes.):

vectigalibus ac sociis,

Cic. Imp. Pomp. 2, 4; 4, 10; 11, 30; id. Phil. 2, 27, 66; Caes. B. G. 1, 25; 1, 31; 1, 33; 2, 24; Liv. 21, 4; 21, 33 bis; 21, 36.—Before t (infreq. in Cic., freq. in Liv.):

tantis rebus ac tanto bello,

Cic. Imp. Pomp. 10, 27 bis; 19, 56; 20, 59; Caes. B. G. 1, 26; 1, 39; 2, 6; Liv. 21, 7 ter; 21, 10; 21, 14; 21, 25.—Before v (not in Cic., only once in Caes. and Sall., but freq. in Liv.):

armatos ac victores,

Caes. B. G. 1, 40:

inconsulte ac veluti etc.,

Sall. C. 42, 2:

opera ac vineae,

Liv. 21, 7; 21, 22; 21, 40; 21, 43. —(So in the phrases treated below: atque adeo, atque alter or alius, atque eccum, atque eo, atque etiam, atque illuc, atque is or hic, atque iterum, atque omnia, atque ut, atque late, atque sic, atque velut, but ac ne, ac si, and ac tamen).—With simul:

Britannorum acies in speciem simul ac terrorem editioribus locis constiterat,

Tac. Agr. 35:

in se simul atque in Herculem,

id. G. 34:

suos prosequitur simul ac deponit,

id. ib. 30; so,

sociis pariter atque hostibus,

id. H. 4, 73:

innocentes ac noxios juxta cadere,

id. A. 1, 48.—Hence, sometimes syn. with et—et, ut—ita, aeque ac; both—and, as—so, as well—as, as well as: hodie sero ac nequiquam [p. 190] voles, Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 103 (cf. Cic. Quinct. 25, 79:

verum et sero et nequidquam pudet): copia sententiarum atque verborum,

Cic. Cael. 19, 45:

omnia honesta atque inhonesta,

Sall. C. 30, 4:

nobiles atque ignobiles,

id. ib. 20, 7:

caloris ac frigoris patientia par,

Liv. 21, 4; 6, 41; Vell. 2, 127:

vir bonus et prudens dici delector ego ac tu,

Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 32.—

Esp.

In a hendiadys:

utinam isto animo atque virtute in summa re publica versari quam in municipali maluisset,

with this virtuous feeling, Cic. Leg. 3, 16, 36:

de conplexu ejus ac sinu,

of his bosom embrace, id. Cat. 2, 10, 22:

me eadem, quae ceteros, fama atque invidia vexabat, i. e. invidiosa fama,

Sall. C. 3 fin.:

clamore atque adsensu,

shout of applause, Liv. 21, 3.—

In joining to the idea of a preceding word one more important, and indeed, and even, and especially (v. Kritz ad Sall. J. 4, 3).

Absol.: Pa. Nempe tu istic ais esse erilem concubinam? Sc. Atque arguo me etc., yea and I maintain that I etc., Plaut. Mil. 2, 3, 66: Ph. Tun vidisti? Sc. Atque his quidem oculis, id. ib. 2, 4, 15: Ps. Ecquid habet is homo aceti in pectore? Ch. Atque acidissimi, id. Ps. 2, 4, 49; so id. Bacch. 3, 6, 9; id. Men. 1, 2, 40: Py. Cognoscitne (ea)? Ch. Ac memoriter, Ter. Eun. 5, 3, 6:

Faciam boni tibi aliquid pro ista re ac lubens,

and with a good will, id. Heaut. 4, 5, 15:

rem difficilem (dii immortales) atque omnium difficillimam,

and indeed, Cic. Or. 16, 52:

magna diis immortalibus habenda est gratia atque huic ipsi Jovi Statori, etc.,

and especially, id. Cat. 1, 5, 11:

hebeti ingenio atque nullo,

and in fact, id. Tusc. 5, 15, 45:

ex plurimis periculis et insidiis atque ex media morte,

and even, id. Cat. 4, 9:

fratre meo atque eodem propinquo suo interfecto,

and at the same time, Sall. J. 14, 11:

intra moenia atque in sinu urbis,

id. C. 52, 35.—

With adeo, and that too, and even:

intra moenia atque adeo in senatu,

Cic. Cat. 1, 2, 5:

qui in urbe remanserunt atque adeo qui contra urbis salutem etc.,

id. ib. 2, 12, 27:

insto atque urgeo, insector, posco atque adeo flagito crimen,

id. Planc. 19 fin.:

non petentem atque adeo etiam absentem,

Liv. 10, 5.—And with autem also added:

atque adeo autem quor etc.,

Ter. Eun. 5, 4, 42.—

With etiam:

id jam populare atque etiam plausibile factum est,

and also, Cic. Div. in Caecil. 3, 8:

ne Verginio commeatum dent atque etiam in custodia habeant,

Liv. 3, 46.—

With the dem. pron. hic, is:

negotium magnum est navigare atque id mense Quintili,

and besides, and that, and that too, Cic. Att. 5, 12; 1, 14:

maximis defixis trabibus atque eis praeacutis,

Caes. B. C. 1, 27:

Asseres pedum XII. cuspidibus praefixis atque hi maximis ballistis missi,

id. ib. 2, 2:

duabus missis subsidio cohortibus a Caesare, atque his primis legionum duarum,

id. B. G. 5, 15; id. B. C. 3, 70:

flumen uno omnino loco pedibus atque hoc aegre transiri potest,

id. B. G. 5, 18:

ad celeritatem onerandi subductionesque paulo facit humiliores... atque id eo magis, quod, etc.,

id. ib. 5, 1; cf. without id (perh. to avoid the repetition of the pron.): qua (sc. virtute) nostri milites facile superabant, atque eo magis, quod, etc., and that the more because etc., id. ib. 3, 8 fin.:

dicendi artem apta trepidatione occultans atque eo validior,

Tac. H. 1, 69; 2, 37; id. A. 4, 22; 4, 46.—

In comparisons.

Of equality (Rudd. II. p. 94; Zumpt, § 340); with par, idem, item, aequus, similis, juxta, talis, totidem, etc., as: et nota, quod ex hujus modi structura Graeca (sc. homoios kai, etc.) frequenter Latini ac et atque in significatione similitudinis accipiunt, Prisc. pp. 1192 and 1193 P.; cf. Gell. 10, 29; Lidd. and Scott, s. v. kai, III.:

si parem sententiam hic habet ac formam,

Plaut. Mil. 4, 6, 36: quom opulenti loquuntur pariter atque ignobiles, Enn. ap. Gell. 11, 4:

Ecastor pariter hoc atque alias res soles,

Plaut. Men. 5, 1, 52:

pariter nunc opera me adjuves ac re dudum opitulata es,

Ter. Phorm. 5, 3, 3:

neque enim mihi par ratio cum Lucilio est ac tecum fuit,

Cic. N. D. 3, 1, 3:

parique eum atque illos imperio esse jussit,

Nep. Dat. 3, 5:

magistrum equitum pari ac dictatorem imperio fugavit,

id. Hann. 5, 3:

pariter patribus ac plebi carus,

Liv. 2, 33: nam et vita est eadem et animus te erga idem ac fuit, Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 24:

In hanc argumentationes ex eisdem locis sumendae sunt atque in causam negotialem,

Cic. Inv. 2, 23, 70:

equi quod alii sunt ad rem militarem idonei, alii ad vecturam... non item sunt spectandi atque habendi,

Varr. R. R. 2, 7, 15; id. L. L. 10, § 74 Mull.:

cum ex provincia populi Romani aequam partem tu tibi sumpseris atque populo Romano miseris,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 19:

Modo ne in aequo (jure) hostes apud vos sint ac nos socii,

Liv. 39, 37 (exs. with aeque; v. aeque, d); Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 83 fin.:

et simili jure tu ulcisceris patrui mortem atque ille persequeretur fratris sui, si, etc.,

id. Rab. Perd. 5; id. Phil. 1, 4; id. Agr. 1, 4 fin.:

similem pavorem inde ac fugam fore, ac bello Gallico fuerit,

Liv. 6, 28; Col. 5, 7, 3:

contendant, se juxta hieme atque aestate bella gerere posse,

Liv. 5, 6; cf. Drak. ad Liv. 1, 54, 9:

faxo eum tali mactatum, atque hic est, infortunio,

Ter. Phorm. 5, 9, 39; Cic. Vatin. 4, 10:

cum totidem navibus atque erat profectus,

Nep. Milt. 7, 4.—

Of difference; with alius and its derivv., with dissimile, contra, contrarius, secus, etc., than:

illi sunt alio ingenio atque tu,

other than, different from, Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 35 al.; v. the passages under alius, I. B. a:

aliter tuum amorem atque est accipis,

Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 23 al.; v. the passages under aliter, 1. a.; cf.

also aliorsum, II., and aliusmodi: quod est non dissimile atque ire in Solonium,

Cic. Att. 2, 3:

simulacrum in excelso collocare et, contra atque ante fuerat, ad orientem convertere,

id. Cat. 3, 8, 20:

vides, omnia fere contra ac dicta sint evenisse,

id. Div. 2, 24 fin.; id. Verr. 2, 1, 46:

qui versantur retro, contrario motu atque caelum,

id. Rep. 6, 17, 17:

membra paulo secus a me atque ab illo partita,

id. de Or. 3, 30, 119:

cujus ego salutem non secus ac meam tueri debeo,

id. Planc. 1 fin. al.; v. contra, contrarius, secus, etc.—

Sometimes, in cases of equality or difference, atque with ut or ac with si (with aliter affirm. Cic. appears to connect only atque ut, not ac si;

once, however, non aliter, ac si,

Cic. Att. 13, 51;

v. aliter, 1. b.): pariter hoc fit atque ut alia facta sunt,

Plaut. Am. 4, 1, 11:

nec fallaciam Astutiorem ullus fecit poeta atque Ut haec est fabre facta a nobis,

id. Cas. 5, 1, 6 sqq.:

quod iste aliter atque ut edixerat decrevisset,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 46:

et qui suos casus aliter ferunt atque ut auctores aliis ipsi fuerunt, etc.,

id. Tusc. 3, 30, 73:

si mentionem fecerint, quo aliter ager possideretur atque ut ex legibus Juliis,

id. Att. 2, 18, 2; 16, 13, c; cf. Wopk. Lect. Tull. 1, 15, p. 118; Dig. 43, 13, 11:

Egnatii absentis rem ut tueare, aeque a te peto ac si mea negotia essent,

just as if, Cic. Fam. 13, 43:

tu autem similiter facis ac si me roges, etc.,

id. N. D. 3, 3, 8:

reliquis officiis, juxta ac si meus frater esset, sustentavit,

id. Post. Red. in Sen. 8, 20:

quod dandum est amicitiae, large dabitur a me non secus ac si meus esset frater,

id. Mur. 4 fin.:

haec sunt, tribuni, consilia vestra, non, hercule, dissimilia, ac si quis, etc.,

Liv. 5, 5 fin. al. —

More rare with nimis, in partem, pro eo, etc.;

in Plaut. also with mutare or demutare = aliud esse: nimis bellus, atque ut esse maxume optabam, locus,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 73:

haud centensumam Partem dixi atque, otium rei si sit, possim expromere,

id. Mil. 3, 1, 168: sane quam pro eo ac debui graviter molesteque tuli, just as was my duty, Sulp. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 5:

debeo sperare, omnes deos, qui huic urbi praesident, pro eo mihi, ac mereor, relaturos gratiam esse,

Cic. Cat. 4, 2:

pro eo, ac si concessum sit, concludere oportebit argumentationem,

id. Inv. 1, 32, 54:

non possum ego non aut proxime atque ille aut etiam aeque laborare,

nearly the same as he, id. Fam. 9, 13, 2:

neque se luna quoquam mutat atque uti exorta est semel,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 118:

num quid videtur demutare atque ut quidem Dixi?

id. Mil. 4, 3, 37.—

Sometimes the word indicating comparison (aeque, tantopere, etc.) is to be supplied from the connection (in the class. per. perh. used only once by Cassius in epist. style):

nebula haud est mollis atque hujus est,

Plaut. Cas. 4, 4, 21:

quem esse amicum ratus sum atque ipsus sum mihi,

id. Bacch. 3, 6, 20:

quae suco caret atque putris pumex,

Priap. 32, 7 (Mull., est putusque): digne ac mereor commendatus esse, Cass. ap. Cic. Fam. 12, 13; Dig. 2, 14, 4; 19, 2, 54.—

Poet. or in post-Aug. prose with comparatives (for quam), than:

amicior mihi nullus vivit atque is est,

Plaut. Merc. 5, 2, 56:

non Apollinis magis verum atque hoc responsum est,

Ter. And. 4, 2, 15 Ruhnk.:

Illi non minus ac tibi Pectore uritur intimo Flamma,

Cat. 61, 172:

haud minus ac jussi faciunt,

Verg. A. 3, 561:

Non tuus hoc capiet venter plus ac meus,

Hor. S. 1, 1, 46 Bentl. and Heind. (cf. infra:

nihilo plus accipias quam Qui nil portarit): qui peccas minus atque ego,

id. ib. 2, 7, 96:

Artius atque hedera procera adstringitur ilex,

id. Epod. 15, 5; Suet. Caes. 14 Ruhnk. —

In the comparison of two periods of time, most freq. with simul (v. examples under simul); ante- or post-class. with principio, statim:

principio Atque animus ephebis aetate exiit,

as soon as, Plaut. Merc. 1, 1, 40:

judici enim, statim atque factus est, omnium rerum officium incumbit,

Dig. 21, 1, 25:

quamvis, statim atque intercessit, mulier competierat,

ib. 16, 1, 24.—

To connect a negative clause which explains or corrects what precedes; hence sometimes with potius (class.; in Cic. very freq., but rare in the poets), and not, and not rather.

Absol.:

Decipiam ac non veniam,

Ter. Heaut. 4, 4, 6:

si fidem habeat,... ac non id metuat, ne etc.,

id. Eun. 1, 2, 60:

perparvam vero controversiam dicis, ac non eam, quae dirimat omnia,

Cic. Leg. 1, 20, 54:

quasi nunc id agatur, quis ex tanta multitudine occiderit, ac non hoc quaeratur, eum, etc.,

id. Rosc. Am. 33:

si (mundum) tuum ac non deorum immortalium domicilium putes, nonne plane desipere videare?

id. N. D. 2, 6, 17:

nemo erat, qui illum reum ac non miliens condemnatum arbitraretur,

id. Att. 1, 16:

si hoc dissuadere est, ac non disturbare ac pervertere,

id. Agr. 2, 37, 101:

si res verba desideraret ac non pro se ipsa loqueretur,

id. Fam. 3, 2 fin.: hoc te exspectare tempus tibi turpe est ac non ei rei sapientia tua te occurrere, Serv. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 5, 6:

velut destituti ac non qui ipsi destituissent,

Liv. 8, 27; 7, 3 fin.:

si mihi mea sententia proferenda ac non disertissimorum,

Tac. Or. 1.—

With potius:

Quam ob rem scriba deducet, ac non potius mulio, qui advexit?

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 79 (B. and K., et):

quis (eum) ita aspexit, ut perditum civem, ac non potius ut importunissimum hostem?

id. Cat. 2, 6, 12.— Pliny the elder commonly employs in this sense atque non, not ac non:

concremasse ea (scrinia) optuma fide atque non legisse,

Plin. 7, 25, 26, § 94; 22, 24, 50, § 108; 29, 2, 9, § 29; 27, 9, 55, § 78; 31, 7, 39, § 73 et saep. —

In connecting clauses and beginning periods.

In gen., and, and so, and even, and too: Pamph. Antiquam adeo tuam venustatem obtines. Bacch. Ac tu ecastor morem antiquom atque ingenium obtines, And you too, Ter. Hec. 5, 4, 20:

atque illi (philosopho) ordiri placet etc.,

Cic. de Or. 3, 47, 183: Africanus indigens mei? Minime hercle. Ac ne ego quidem illius, And I indeed not, etc., id. Lael. 9, 30; id. Fin. 5, 11, 33:

cum versus facias, te ipsum percontor, etc.... Atque ego cum Graecos facerem, natus mare citra, Versiculos, etc.,

Hor. S. 1, 10, 31:

multa quippe et diversa angebant: validior per Germaniam exercitus, etc.... quos igitur anteferret? ac (i. e. similiter angebat), ne postpositi contumelia incenderentur,

Tac. A. 1, 47:

Minime, minime, inquit Secundus, atque adeo vellem maturius intervenisses,

Tac. Or. 14:

ac similiter in translatione, etc.,

Quint. 3, 6, 77.—

In adducing new arguments of similar force in favor of any assertion or making further statements about a subject, etc.; cf. Beier ad Cic. Off. 3, 11, 487.

Absol.:

maxima est enim vis vetustatis et consuetudinis: atque in ipso equo, cujus modo mentionem feci, si, etc.,

and furthermore, and moreover, Cic. Lael. 19, 68: Atque, si natura confirmatura jus non erit, virtutes omnes tollentur, id. Leg. 1, 15, 42 B. and K. —

Often with etiam:

Atque alias etiam dicendi virtutes sequitur,

Cic. Or. 40, 139:

Atque hoc etiam animadvertendum non esse omnia etc.,

id. de Or. 2, 61, 251; so id. Off. 1, 26, 90; id. N. D. 2, 11, 30; Col. 2, 2, 3.—

Sometimes with quoque:

Atque occidi quoque Potius quam cibum praehiberem,

Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 133; so Cic. N. D. 2, 12, 32; Col. 2, 13, 3, and Cels. 2, 3; 3, 22.—

And even with quoque etiam: Atque ego [p. 191] quoque etiam, qui Jovis sum filius, Contagione etc., Plaut. Am. prol. 30.—

In narration:

aegre submoventes obvios intrare portam, qui adducebant Philopoemenem, potuerunt: atque conferta turba iter reliquum clauserat,

Liv. 39, 49; 5, 21 fin.:

completur caede, quantum inter castra murosque vacui fuit: ac rursus nova laborum facies,

Tac. H. 3, 30; cf. Caes. B. C. 2, 28 fin. and 2, 29 init. —

In introducing comparisons, atque ut, atque velut (mostly poet., esp. in epic poetry):

Atque ut perspicio, profecto etc.,

Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 53:

ac veluti magno in populo cum saepe coorta est Seditio.... Sic cunctus pelagi cecidit fragor, etc.,

Verg. A. 1, 148; so id. G. 4, 170; id. A. 2, 626; 4, 402; 4, 441; 6, 707; 9, 59; 10, 405; 10, 707; 10, 803; 11, 809; 12, 365; 12, 521; 12, 684; 12, 715;

12, 908: Inclinare meridiem Sentis ac, veluti stet volucris dies, Parcis deripere etc.,

Hor. C. 3, 28, 6; Val. Fl. 6, 664;

and so, Ac velut in nigro jactatis turbine nautis, etc.... Tale fuit nobis Manius auxilium,

Cat. 68, 63 (for which Sillig and Muller read:

Hic velut, etc.): Atque ut magnas utilitates adipiscimur, etc.,

Cic. Off. 2, 5, 16:

Atque ut hujus mores veros amicos parere non potuerunt, sic etc.,

id. Lael. 15, 54.—

In connecting two acts or events.

In the order of time, and then; hence the ancient grammarians assume in it the notion of quick succession, and explain it, though improperly, as syn. with statim, ilico, without any accompanying copulative, v. Gell. 10, 29; Non. p. 530, 1 sq. (only in the poets and histt.): Atque atque accedit muros Romana juventus (the repetition of the atque represents the approach step by step), Enn. ap. Gell. and Non. l. l. (Ann. v. 527 Mull.): Quo imus una;

ad prandium? Atque illi tacent,

And then they are silent, Plaut. Capt. 3, 1, 19:

Ubi cenamus? inquam, atque illi abnuunt,

and upon this they shake their head, id. ib. 3, 1, 21; id. Ep. 2, 2, 33:

dum circumspecto atque ego lembum conspicor,

id. Bacch. 2, 3, 45; so id. Merc. 2, 1, 32; 2, 1, 35; id. Most. 5, 1, 9:

lucernam forte oblitus fueram exstinguere: Atque ille exclamat derepente maximum,

and then he suddenly exclaims, id. ib. 2, 2, 57: cui fidus Achates It comes... atque illi Misenum in litore sicco Ut venere, vident, etc., and as they thus came, etc., Verg. A. 6, 162:

dixerat, atque illi sese deus obtulit ultro,

Stat. Th. 9, 481; 12, 360; Liv. 26, 39, 16; Tac. H. 3, 17:

tum Otho ingredi castra ausus: atque illum tribuni centurionesque circumsistunt,

id. ib. 1, 82. —Sometimes with two imperatives, in order to indicate vividly the necessity of a quicker succession, or the close connection between two actions:

cape hoc argentum atque defer,

Ter. Heaut. 4, 7, 3:

abi domum ac deos comprecare,

id. Ad. 4, 5, 65:

tace modo ac sequere hac,

id. ib. 2, 4, 16:

Accipe carmina atque hanc sine tempora circum hederam tibi serpere,

Verg. E. 8, 12; id. G. 1, 40; 3, 65; 4, 330:

Da auxilium, pater, atque haec omina firma,

id. A. 2, 691; 3, 89; 3, 250; 3, 639; 4, 424; 9, 90; 10, 624; 11, 370.—

In the order of thought, and so, and thus, and therefore.

Absol.:

si nunc de tuo jure concessisses paululum, Atque adulescenti morigerasses,

and so, Ter. Ad. 2, 2, 10.—

With ita or sic:

Ventum deinde ad multo angustiorem rupem, atque ita rectis saxis, etc.,

Liv. 21, 36; Plin. 10, 58, 79, § 158:

ac sic prope innumerabiles species reperiuntur,

Quint. 12, 10, 67.—

Connecting conclusion and condition, so, then (cf. at, II. F.):

non aliter quam qui adverso vix flumine lembum Remigiis subigit, si bracchia forte remisit, Atque illum praeceps prono rapit alveus amni,

Verg. G. 1, 203 (here explained by statim by Gell. 10, 29, and by Servius, but thus its connective force is wholly lost; cf. also Forbig ad h. l. for still another explanation).—

(As supra, I. c.) To annex a thought of more importance:

Satisne videtur declarasse Dionysius nihil esse ei beatum, cui semper aliqui terror impendeat? atque ei ne integrum quidem erat, ut ad justitiam remigraret,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 21, 62; id. Tull. 4:

hoc enim spectant leges, hoc volunt, incolumem esse civium conjunctionem, quam qui dirimunt, eos morte... coercent. Atque hoc multo magis efficit ipsa naturae ratio,

id. Off. 3, 5, 23; id. Fam. 6, 1, 4: hac spe lapsus Induciomarus... exsules damnatosque tota Gallia magnis praemiis ad se allicere coepit;

ac tantam sibi jam iis rebus in Gallia auctoritatem comparaverat, ut, etc.,

Caes. B. G. 5, 55 fin.; Nep. Hann. 13, 2; Quint. 1, 10, 16.—Hence also in answers, in order to confirm a question or assertion:

Sed videone ego Pamphilippum cum fratre Epignomo? Atque is est,

And he it is, Yes, it is he, Plaut. Stich. 4, 2, 4; so id. Truc. 1, 2, 24: Th. Mihin malum minitare? Ca. Atque edepol non minitabor, sed dabo, id. Curc. 4, 4, 15: Ch. Egon formidulosus? nemost hominum, qui vivat, minus. Th. Atque ita opust, Ter. Eun. 4, 6, 20.—

In expressing a wish, atque utinam:

Veritus sum arbitros, atque utinam memet possim obliscier! Att., Trag. Rel. p. 160 Rib.: videmus enim fuisse quosdam, qui idem ornate ac graviter, idem versute et subtiliter dicerent. Atque utinam in Latinis talis oratoris simulacrum reperire possemus!

Cic. Or. 7, 22; so id. Rep. 3, 5, 8:

Atque utinam pro decore etc.,

Liv. 21, 41, 13:

Atque utinam ex vobis unus etc.,

Verg. E. 10, 35; id. A. 1, 575:

Atque utinam... Ille vir in medio fiat amore lapis!

Prop. 2, 9, 47; 3, 6, 15; 3, 7, 25; 3, 8, 19 al.—

To connect an adversative clause, and often fully with tamen, and yet, notwithstanding, nevertheless.

Absol.: Mihi quidem hercle non fit veri simile;

atque ipsis commentum placet,

Ter. And. 1, 3, 20 Ruhnk. (atque pro tamen, Don.):

ego quia non rediit filius, quae cogito!... Atque ex me hic natus non est, sed ex fratre,

id. Ad. 1, 1, 15 (Quasi dicat, ex me non est, et sic afficior: quid paterer si genuissem? Don.; cf. Acron. ap. Charis. p. 204 P.); Cic. Off. 3, 11, 48 Beier; id. Mur. 34, 71 Matth.:

ceterum ex aliis negotiis, quae ingenio exercentur, in primis magno usui est memoria rerum gestarum... Atque ego credo fore qui, etc.,

and yet I believe, Sall. J. 4, 1 and 3 Corte; id. C. 51, 35:

observare principis egressum in publicum, insidere vias examina infantium futurusque populus solebat. Labor parentibus erat ostentare parvulos... Ac plerique insitis precibus surdas principis aures obstrepebant,

Plin. Pan. 26.—

With tamen:

nihil praeterea est magnopere dicendum. Ac tamen, ne cui loco non videatur esse responsum, etc.,

Cic. Fin. 2, 27, 85:

discipulos dissimilis inter se ac tamen laudandos,

id. de Or. 3, 10, 35; id. Rep. 1, 7, 12:

Atque in his tamen tribus generibus etc.,

id. Off. 3, 33, 118; id. Pis. 1, 3; 13, 30; id. Prov. Cons. 7, 16; 7, 15 fin. (cf. in reference to the last four passages Wund. Varr. Lectt. p. lviii. sq.):

ac tamen initia fastigii etc.,

Tac. A. 3, 29; 3, 56; 12, 56;

14, 21: pauciores cum pluribus certasse, ac tamen fusos Germanos,

id. H. 5, 16.—

To connect a minor affirmative proposition (the assumptio or propositio minor of logical lang.) in syllogisms, now, but, but now (while atqui is used to connect either an affirmative or negative minor premiss: v. atqui): Scaptius quaternas postulabat. Metui, si impetrasset, ne tu ipse me amare desineres;

... Atque hoc tempore ipso impingit mihi epistulam etc.,

Cic. Att. 6, 1, 6.—Sometimes the conclusion is to be supplied:

nisi qui naturas hominum, penitus perspexerit, dicendo, quod volet, perficere non poterit. Atque totus hic locus philosophorum putatur proprius (conclusion: ergo oratorem philosophiam cognoscere oportet),

Cic. de Or. 1, 12, 53 and 54.—

In introducing a purpose (freq. in Cic.).

A negative purpose, and esp. in anticipating an objection:

Ac ne sine causa videretur edixisse,

Cic. Phil. 3, 9, 24:

Ac ne forte hoc magnum ac mirabile esse videatur,

id. de Or. 2, 46, 191; so id. Fam. 5, 12, 30:

Ac ne saepius dicendum sit,

Cels. 8, 1:

Ac ne forte roges, quo me duce, quo lare tuter,

Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 13:

Ac ne forte putes,

id. ib. 2, 1, 208:

Ac ne forte putes etc.,

Ov. R. Am. 465 (Merkel, Et).—

A positive purpose:

Atque ut ejus diversa studia in dissimili ratione perspicere possitis, nemo etc.,

Cic. Cat. 2, 5, 9:

Atque ut omnes intellegant me etc.... dico etc.,

id. Imp. Pomp. 8, 20; 2, 4; id. Clu. 14, 43; id. Sull. 2, 5; id. de Or. 3, 11, 40:

Atque ut C. Flaminium relinquam etc.,

id. Leg. 3, 9, 20; id. Fin. 3, 2, 4.—

a.. In continuing a thought in assertions or narration, and, now, and now, Plaut. Aul. prol. 18: audistis, cum pro se diceret, genus orationis, etc.,... perspexistis. Atque in eo non solum ingenium ejus videbatis, etc., Cic. Cael. 19, 45; so id. de Or. 3, 32, 130; 2, 7, 27; 3, 10, 39 al.; Caes. B. G. 2, 29; Nep. Ages. 7, 3; 8, 1, Eum. 10, 3 Bremi; Tac. A. 14, 64; 15, 3; Verg. A. 9, 1; Sil. 4, 1 al.: ac si, sublato illo, depelli a vobis omne periculum judicarem, now if I, etc., Cic. Cat. 2, 2, 3:

atque si etiam hoc natura praescribit, etc.,

id. Off. 3, 6, 27; so Quint. 10, 1, 26; 10, 2, 8.—

In introducing parentheses:

vulgo credere, Penino (atque inde nomen et jugo Alpium inditum) transgressum,

Liv. 21, 38:

omne adfectus genus (atque ea maxime jucundam et ornatam faciunt orationem) de luxuria, etc.,

Quint. 4, 3, 15 MSS., where Halm after Spalding reads et quae. —

At the conclusion of a discourse (not infreq. in Cic.): Atque in primis duabus dicendi partibus qualis esset, summatim breviterque descripsimus, And thus have we, then, briefly described, etc., Cic. Or. 15, 50:

Ac de primo quidem officii fonte diximus,

id. Off. 1, 6, 19:

Ac de inferenda quidem injuria satis dictum est,

id. ib. 1, 8, 27; id. Inv. 2, 39, 115 al.—

In particular connections and phrases.

Unus atque alter, one and the other; alius atque alius, one and another; now this, now that:

unae atque alterae scalae,

Sall. J. 60, 7:

quarum (coclearum) cum unam atque alteram, dein plures peteret,

id. ib. 93, 2:

unum atque alterum lacum integer perfluit,

Tac. H. 5, 6:

dilatisque alia atque alia de causa comitiis,

Liv. 8, 23, 17; Col. 9, 8, 10:

alius atque alius,

Tac. H. 1, 46; 1, 50 (v. alius, II. D.).—Also separated by several words:

aliud ejus subinde atque aliud facientes initium,

Sen. Ep. 32, 2.—

Etiam atque etiam. again and again:

temo Stellas cogens etiam atque etiam Noctis sublime iter, Enn., Trag. Rel. p. 39 Rib.: etiam atque etiam cogita,

Ter. Eun. 1, 1, 11:

etiam atque etiam considera,

Cic. Div. in Caecil. 14, 46:

monitos eos etiam atque etiam volo,

id. Cat. 2, 12, 27.—So, semel atque iterum, Cic. Font. 26; id. Clu. 49; Tac. Or. 17; and:

iterum atque iterum,

Verg. A. 8, 527; Hor. S. 1, 10, 39.—

Huc atque illuc, hither and thither, Cic. Q. Rosc. 37; id. de Or. 1, 40, 184; Verg. A. 9, 57; Ov. M. 2, 357; 10, 376; Tac. Agr. 10; id. H. 1, 85.—

Longe atque late, far and wide, Cic. Marcell. 29:

atque eccum or atque eccum video, in colloquial lang.: Heus vocate huc Davom. Atque eccum,

but here he is, Ter. And. 3, 3, 48:

Audire vocem visa sum modo militis. Atque eccum,

and here he is, id. Eun. 3, 2, 2; so id. Hec. 4, 1, 8.—

Atque omnia, in making an assertion general, and so generally:

Atque in eis omnibus, quae sunt actionis, inest quaedam vis a natura data,

Cic. de Or. 3, 59, 223:

quorum (verborum) descriptus ordo alias alia terminatione concluditur, atque omnia illa et prima et media verba spectare debent ad ultimum,

id. Or. 59, 200; id. de Or. 2, 64, 257: commoda civium non divellere, atque omnes aequitate eadem continere, and so rather, etc., id. Off. 2, 23, 83:

nihil acerbum esse, nihil crudele, atque omnia plena clementiae, humanitatis,

id. ad Q. Fr. 1, 1, 8:

Atque omnis vitae ratio sic constat, ut, quae probamus in aliis, facere ipsi velimus,

Quint. 10, 2, 2.—

With other conjunctions.

After et:

equidem putabam virtutem hominibus instituendo et persuadendo, non minis et vi ac metu tradi,

Cic. de Or. 1, 58, 247:

Magnifica vero vox et magno viro ac sapiente digna,

id. Off. 3, 1, 1; id. Cael. 13:

vanus aspectus et auri fulgor atque argenti,

Tac. Agr. 32.:

denuntiarent, ut ab Saguntinis abstineret et Carthaginem in Africam traicerent ac sociorum querimonias deferrent,

Liv. 21, 6, 4:

ubi et fratrem consilii ac periculi socium haberem,

id. 21, 41, 2:

et uti liter demum ac Latine perspicueque,

Quint. 8, 3, 3:

Nam et subtili plenius aliquid atque subtilius et vehementi remissius atque vehementius invenitur,

id. 12, 10, 67. —

After que, as in Gr. te kai: litterisque ac laudibus aeternare, Varr. ap. Non. p. 75, 20:

submoverique atque in castra redigi,

Liv. 26, 10:

terrorem caedemque ac fugam fecere,

id. 21, 52:

mus Sub terris posuitque domos atque horrea fecit,

Verg. G. 1, 182; 3, 434; id. A. 8, 486.—

Before et:

caelum ipsum ac mare et silvas circum spectantes,

Tac. Agr. 32.—

After neque (only in the poets and post - Aug. prose):

nec clavis nec canis atque calix,

Mart. 1, 32, 4: naturam Oceani atque aestus [p. 192] neque quaerere hujus operis est, ac multi retulere, Tac. Agr. 10:

mediocritatem pristinam neque dissimulavit umquam ac frequenter etiam prae se tulit,

Suet. Vesp. 12.—

Atque repeated, esp. in arch. Lat.: Scio solere plerisque hominibus in rebus secundis atque prolixis atque prosperis animum excellere atque superbiam atque ferociam augescere atque crescere, Cato ap. Gell. 7, 3: Dicere possum quibus villae atque aedes aedificatae atque expolitae maximo opere citro atque ebore atque pavimentis Poenicis stent, Cato ap. Fest. p. 242 Mull.:

atque ut C. Flamininum atque ea, quae jam prisca videntur, propter vetustatem relinquam,

Cic. Leg. 3, 9, 20:

omnem dignitatem tuam in virtute atque in rebus gestis atque in tua gravitate positam existimare,

id. Fam. 1, 5, 8.—Esp. freq. in enumerations in the poets:

Haec atque illa dies atque alia atque alia,

Cat. 68, 152:

Mavortia tellus Atque Getae atque Hebrus,

Verg. G. 4, 463:

Clioque et Beroe atque Ephyre Atque Opis et Asia,

id. ib. 4, 343.—And sometimes forming a double connective, both— and = et—et:

Multus ut in terras deplueretque lapis: Atque tubas atque arma ferunt crepitantia caelo Audita,

Tib. 2, 5, 73:

complexa sui corpus miserabile nati Atque deos atque astra vocat crudelia mater,

Verg. E. 5, 23; Sil. 1, 93; v. Forbig ad Verg. l. l.

► Atque regularly stands at the beginning of its sentence or clause or before the word it connects, but in poetry it sometimes, like et and at, stands:

In the second place:

Jamque novum terrae stupeant lucescere solem, Altius atque cadant imbres,

Verg. E. 6, 38 Rib., ubi v. Forbig.:

Accipite ergo animis atque haec mea figite dicta,

id. A. 3, 250, and 10, 104 (animis may, however, here be taken with Accipite, as in id. ib. 5, 304):

Esto beata, funus atque imagines Ducant triumphales tuum,

Hor. Epod. 8, 11; id. S. 1, 5, 4; 1, 6, 111; 1, 7, 12 (ubi v. Fritzsche).—

In the third place:

quod pubes hedera virente Gaudeant pulla magis atque myrto,

Hor. C. 1, 25, 18; cf. at fin. (Vid. more upon this word in Hand, Turs. I. pp. 452-513.)

at-tŏno (better than adt-), ŭi, ĭtum, 1, v. a., to thunder at; hence, to stun, stupefy (a poet. word of the Aug. per.; most frequent as P. a.; syn.: percello, perturbo, terreo): altitudo attonat, Maecen. ap. Sen. Ep. 19:

quis furor vestras attonuit mentes!

Ov. M. 3, 532; id. H. 4, 50.—Hence, attŏnĭtus ( adt-), a, um, P. a., thundered at; hence trop. as in Gr. embrontêtheis, embrontêtos.

Thunderstruck, stunned, terrified, stupefied, astonished, amazed, confounded:

attonitus est stupefactus. Nam proprie attonitus dicitur, cui casus vicini fulminis et sonitus tonitruum dant stuporem,

Serv. ad Verg. A. 3, 172:

quo fragore edito concidunt homines, exanimantur, quidam vero vivi stupent, et in totum sibi excidunt, quos vocamus attonitos, quorum mentes sonus ille caelestis loco pepulit,

Sen. Q. N. 2, 27:

aures,

Curt. 8, 4, 2; Petr. 101:

talibus attonitus visis ac voce deorum,

Verg. A. 3, 172:

attonitus tanto miserarum turbine rerum,

Ov. M. 7, 614; 4, 802; 8, 777; 9, 409 and 574; 11, 127; 8, 681 al.: alii novitate ac miraculo attoniti, Liv 1, 47; 2, 12; 5, 46; 3, 68 fin.; 7, 36; 30, 30; 39, 15;

44, 10: subitae rei miraculo attoniti,

Tac. H. 4, 49; so id. ib. 2, 42; 3, 13. —With de:

mentis de lodice parandā Attonitae,

crazed, bewildered about getting a bed-blanket, Juv. 7, 67.—Also without an abl.:

Attonitae manibusque uterum celare volenti, Ov M. 2, 463: mater... Attonitae diu similis fuit,

id. ib. 5, 510; 6, 600;

12, 498: ut integris corporibus attoniti conciderent,

Liv. 10, 29:

attoniti vultus,

Tac. H. 1, 40:

circumspectare inter se attoniti,

id. ib. 2, 29:

attonitis etiam victoribus,

id. ib. 4, 72:

attonitā magis quam quietā contione,

id. A. 1, 39:

attonitis jam omnibus,

Suet. Caes. 28; id. Claud. 38; id. Dom. 17:

attonitos habes oculos,

Vulg. Job, 15, 12; ib. Prov 16, 30.— Poet., with gen.:

attonitus serpentis equus,

Sil. 6, 231.—Also poet. transf. to inanimate things:

neque enim ante dehiscent Attonitae magna ora domūs,

Verg. A. 6, 53 (but acc. to Serv. in an act. sense, syn. with attonitos facientes, stupendae, stunning, terrifying, as pallida senectus, etc.):

mensa,

Val. Fl. 1, 45:

arces,

Sil. 4, 7 Drak.:

quorundam persuasiones,

Plin. 29, 1, 8, § 28. —

Seized with inspiration, smitten with prophetic fury, inspired, frantic:

attonitae Baccho matres,

Verg. A. 7, 580:

Bacchus attonitae tribuit vexilla catervae,

Stat. S. 5, 1, 116: Vates, * Hor. C. 3, 19, 14.—

* Adv.: attŏnĭtē, frantically, etc.:

Britannia hodieque eum attonite celebrat etc.,

Plin. 30, 1, 4, § 13 (Jan, attonita).

audentĭa, ae, f. [audens], boldness, courage, spirit, in a good sense (only postAug. and rare; syn.: audacia, animus).

Lit.:

audacia et audentia hoc diversa sunt, quod audacia temeritatis est, audentia fortitudinis,

Non. p. 431, 6:

ut quisque audentiae habuisset,

Tac. A. 15, 53:

nec defuit audentia Druso Germanico: sed obstitit Oceanus,

id. G. 34:

usurpatum raro et privatā cujusque audentiā,

id. ib. 31.—

Trop., freedom in the use of words, license:

si datur Homero et mollia vocabula et Graeca ad levitatem versus contrahere, extendere, inflectere, cur tibi similis audentia non detur?

Plin. Ep. 8, 4, 4.

bĕnĕ, adv. of manner and intensity [bonus; the first vowel assimilated to the e of the foll. syllable; cf. Corss. Ausspr. 2, 366], well ( comp. melius, better; sup. optime [v. bonus init. ], best; often to be rendered by more specific Engl. adverbs).

As adjunct of verbs.

In gen.

Of physical or external goodness, usefulness, ornament, and comfort:

villam rusticam bene aedificatam habere expedit,

Cato, R. R. 3:

villam bonam beneque aedificatam,

Cic. Off. 3, 13, 55:

quid est agrum bene colere? Bene arare,

Cato, R. R. 61:

agro bene culto nihil potest esse... uberius,

Cic. Sen. 16, 57:

ubi cocta erit bene,

Cato, R. R. 157; 3; 4;

32 et saep.: te auratam et vestitam bene,

Plaut. Men. 5, 2, 50: ornatus hic satis me condecet? Ps. Optume, it is very becoming, id. Ps. 4, 1, 26:

me bene curata cute vises,

well tended, Hor. Ep. 1, 4, 15:

bene olere,

Verg. E. 2, 48:

bene sonare,

Quint. 8, 3, 16:

neque tamen non inprimis bene habitavit,

in the very best style, Nep. Att. 13, 1:

a Catone cum quaereretur, quid maxime in re familiari expediret, respondet Bene pascere? Quid secundum? Satis bene pascere,

Cic. Off. 2, 25, 89: so,

bene cenare,

Cat. 13, 17; Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 56:

bene de rebus domesticis constitutum esse,

to be in good circumstances, Cic. Sest. 45, 97;

similarly: rem (i. e. familiarem) bene paratam comitate perdidit,

well arranged, Plaut. Rud. prol. 38.—

With respect to the mind.

Perception, knowledge, ability:

quas tam bene noverat quam paedagogos nostros novimus,

Sen. Ep. 27, 5:

quin melius novi quam te et vidi saepius,

Plaut. Capt. 5, 2, 22:

novi optime (Bacchus) et saepe vidi,

Cic. Fam. 7, 23, 2:

qui optime suos nosse deberet,

Nep. Con. 4, 1; cf. Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 1; id. S. 1, 9, 22: satin' haec meministi et tenes? Pa. Melius quam tu qui docuisti, Plaut. Pers. 2, 2, 2:

quod eo mihi melius cernere videor quo ab eo proprius absum,

Cic. Sen. 21, 77:

ut hic melius quam ipse illa scire videatur,

id. de Or. 1, 15, 66; id. Or. 38, 132:

cum Sophocles vel optime scripserit Electram suam,

id. Fin. 1, 2, 5:

gubernatoris ars quia bene navigandi rationem habet,

of able seamanship, id. ib. 1, 13, 42:

melius in Volscis imperatum est,

better generalship was displayed, Liv. 2, 63, 6:

nihil melius quam omnis mundus administratur,

Cic. Inv. 1, 34, 59: de medico bene existimari scribis, that he is well thought ( spoken) of, i. e. his ability, id. Fam. 16, 14, 1:

prudentibus et bene institutis,

well educated, id. Sen. 14, 50:

sapientibus et bene natura constitutis,

endowed with good natural talent, id. Sest. 65, 137:

quodsi melius geruntur ea quae consilio geruntur quam, etc.,

more ably, id. Inv. 1, 34, 59:

tabulas bene pictas collocare in bono lumine,

good paintings, id. Brut. 75, 261:

canere melius,

Verg. E. 9, 67; Quint. 10, 1, 91:

bene pronuntiare,

id. 11, 3, 12:

bene respondere interrogationibus,

id. 5, 7, 28; 6, 3, 81.—

Of feeling, judgment, and will:

similis in utroque nostrum, cum optime sentiremus, error fuit,

when we had the best intentions, Cic. Fam. 4, 2, 3; so id. ib. 6, 4, 2; so,

bene sentire,

id. ib. 6, 1, 3; so,

bene, optime de re publica sentire,

to hold sound views on public affairs, id. Off. 1, 41, 149; id. Fam. 4, 14, 1; id. Phil. 3, 9, 23:

bene animatas eas (insulas) confirmavit,

well disposed, Nep. Cim. 2, 4:

ei causae quam Pompeius animatus melius quam paratus susceperat,

Cic. Fam. 6, 6, 10; so, optime animati, Varr. ap. Non. p. 201, 7:

quod bene cogitasti aliquando, laudo,

that you had good intentions, Cic. Phil. 2, 14, 34:

se vero bene sperare (i. e. de bello),

had good hopes, Liv. 6, 6, 18:

sperabis omnia optime,

Cic. Fam. 4, 13, 7:

tibi bene ex animo volo,

Ter. Heaut. 5, 2, 6; so freq.: bene alicui velle, v. volo: bene aliquid consulere, to plan something well:

vigilando, agendo, bene consulendo prospera omnia cedunt,

Sall. C. 52, 29:

omnia non bene consulta,

id. J. 92, 2. —

Of morality, honesty, honor, etc.

Bene vivere, or bene beateque vivere ( = kalôs kagathôs), to lead a moral and happy life:

qui virtutem habeat, eum nullius rei ad bene vivendum indigere,

Cic. Inv. 1, 51, 93:

in dialectica vestra nullam esse ad melius vivendum vim,

id. Fin. 1, 19, 63:

quod ni ita accideret et melius et prudentius viveretur,

id. Sen. 19, 67; cf. id. Ac. 1, 4, 15; id. Fin. 1, 13, 45; id. Off. 1, 6, 19; id. Fam. 4, 3, 3 et saep. (for another meaning of bene vivere, cf. e. infra).—

Bene mori, to die honorably, bravely, creditably, gloriously:

qui se bene mori quam turpiter vivere maluit,

Liv. 22, 50, 7:

ne ferrum quidem ad bene moriendum oblaturus est hostis,

id. 9, 3, 3; so id. 21, 42, 4:

tum potui, Medea, mori bene,

Ov. H. 12, 5.—

Bene partum, what is honestly, honorably earned or acquired:

multa bona bene parta habemus,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 65:

mei patris bene parta indiligenter Tutatur,

Ter. Phorm. 5, 3, 5:

res familiaris primum bene parta sit, nullo neque turpi quaestu, neque odioso,

Cic. Off. 1, 26, 92:

diutine uti bene licet partum bene,

Plaut. Rud. 4, 7, 15; Sall. C. 51, 42 (cf.:

mala parta,

Cic. Phil. 2, 27, 65:

male par tum,

Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 22).—

Apud bonos bene agier, an old legal formula: bona fide agi (v. bonus), to be transacted in good faith among good men. ubi erit illa formula fiduciae ut inter bonos bene agier oportet? Cic. Fam. 7, 12, 2; id. Off. 3, 15, 61; 3, 17, 70.—

Non bene = male, not faithfully:

esse metus coepit ne jura jugalia conjunx Non bene servasset,

Ov. M. 7, 716.—

Representing an action as right or correct, well, rightly, correctly: bene mones, Ibo, you are right ( to admonish me), Ter. And. 2, 2, 36:

sequi recusarunt bene monentem,

Liv. 22, 60, 17:

quom mihi et bene praecipitis, et, etc.,

since you give sound advice, Plaut. Poen. 3, 2, 55; so Ter. Ad. 5, 9, 6; 3, 3, 80; Lucil. ap. Non. p. 372, 7:

bene enim majores accubitionem epularem amicorum convivium nominarunt, melius quam Graeci,

Cic. Sen. 13, 45:

hoc bene censuit Scaevola,

correctly, Dig. 17, 1, 48.—

Pleasantly, satisfactorily, profitably, prosperously, fortunately, successfully:

nunc bene vivo et fortunate atque ut volo atque animo ut lubet,

Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 111:

nihil adferrent quo jucundius, id est melius, viveremus,

Cic. Fin. 1, 41, 72:

si bene qui cenat, bene vivit,

Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 56: quamobrem melius apud bonos quam apud fortunatos beneficium collocari puto, is better or more profitably invested, Cic. Off. 2, 20, 71:

perdenda sunt multa beneficia ut semel ponas bene, Sen. Ben. poet. 1, 2, 1: etiamsi nullum (beneficium) bene positurus sit,

id. ib. 1, 2, 2:

quando hoc bene successit,

Ter. Ad. 2, 4, 23: bene ambulatum'st? Di. Huc quidem, hercle, ad te bene, Quia tui vivendi copia'st, has your walk been pleasant? Plaut. Truc. 2, 4, 18:

melius ominare,

use words of better omen, id. Rud. 2, 3, 7; Cic. Brut. 96, 329:

qui se suamque aetatem bene curant,

Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 36.—So, bene (se) habere: ut bene me haberem filiai nuptiis, have a good time at, etc., Plaut. Aul. 2, 8, 2:

qui se bene habet suisque amicis usui est,

who enjoys his life and is a boon companion, id. Mil. 3, 1, 128:

nam hanc bene se habere aetatem nimio'st aequius,

id. Merc. 3, 2, 6: bene consulere alicui, to take good care for somebody ' s interests:

tuae rei bene consulere cupio,

id. Trin. 3, 2, 9:

ut qui mihi consultum optume velit esse,

Ter. Phorm. 1, 3, 1:

me optime consulentem saluti suae,

Cic. Fam. 4, 14, 2:

qui se ad sapientes viros bene consulentes rei publicae contulerunt,

id. Off. 2, 13, 46.—So, bene mereri, and rarely bene merere, to deserve well of one, i. e. act for his advantage; absol. or with de:

addecet Bene me, renti bene referre gratiam,

Plaut. Rud. 5, 3, 36:

Licinii aps te bene merenti male refertur gratia?

id. Ps. 1, 3, 86:

ut memorem in bene meritos animum praestarem,

Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 10:

cogor nonnumquam homines non optime de me meritos rogatu eorum qui bene meriti sunt, defendere,

id. ib. 7, 1, 4:

tam bene meritis de nomine Punico militibus,

Liv. 23, 12, 5:

si bene quid de te merui,

Verg. A. 4, 317; cf. Cic. Opt. Gen. 7, 20; id. Sest. 1, 2; 12, 39; 66, 139; 68, 142; id. Mil. 36, 99; id. Phil. 2, 14, 36 et saep.; v. mereo, D. and P. a.—So esp. referring to price: bene emere, to buy advantageously, i. e. cheaply; bene vendere, to sell advantageously, i. e. at a high price: bene ego hercle vendidi te, Plaut. [p. 230] Durc. 4, 2, 34:

et quoniam vendat, velle quam optime vendere,

Cic. Off. 3, 12, 51:

ita nec ut emat melius, nec ut vendat quidquam, simulabit vir bonus,

id. ib. 3, 15, 61: vin' bene emere? Do. Vin' tu pulcre vendere? Plaut. Pers. 4, 4, 38:

melius emetur,

Cato, R. R. 1: quo melius emptum sciatis, Cic. ap. Suet. Caes. 50 fin.:

qui vita bene credat emi honorem,

cheaply, Verg. A. 9, 206; Sil 4, 756.—

Expressing kindness, thanks, etc.: bene facis, bene vocas, bene narras, I thank you, am obliged to you for doing, calling, saying (colloq.): merito amo te. Ph. Bene facis, thanks! Ter Eun. 1, 2, 106; cf.:

in consuetudinem venit, bene facis et fecisti non mdicantis esse, sed gratias agentis, Don. ad loc.' placet, bene facitis,

Plaut. Rud. 3, 6, 43: dividuom talentum faciam. La. Bene facis, id. ib. 5, 3, 52: si quid erit dubium, immutabo Da. Bene fecisti, id. Ep. 5, 1, 40 Lo. Adeas, si velis. La. Bene hercle factum vobis habeo gratiam. Accedam propius, id. Rud. 3, 6, 2; Ter. Ad. 4, 3, 10.—With gratiam habere: bene fecisti;

gratiam habeo maximam,

Ter. Eun. 5, 8, 61; cf.

bene benigneque arbitror te facere,

Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 130: quin etiam Graecis licebit utare cum voles... Bene sane facis, sed enitar ut Latine loquar, I thank you for the permission, but, etc., Cic. Ac. 1, 7, 25: an exitum Cassi Maelique expectem? Bene facitis quod abominamini... sed, etc., I am much obliged to you for abhorring this, but, etc., Liv. 6, 18, 9: bene edepol narras; nam illi faveo virgini, thanks for telling me, for, etc., Ter. Eun. 5, 3, 7 (cf.:

male hercule narras,

I owe you little thanks for saying so, Cic. Tusc. 1, 6, 10):

bene, ita me di ament, nuntias,

Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 20:

benenarras,

Cic. Att. 16, 14, 4; 13, 33, 2: tu ad matrem adi. Bene vocas; benigne dicis Cras apud te, thanks for your invitation, but, etc., Plaut. Merc. 5, 2, 108: eamus intro ut prandeamus. Men. Bene vocas, tam gratia'st, id. Men. 2, 3, 41.—

Of accuracy, etc., well, accurately, truly, completely:

cum ceterae partes aetatis bene descriptae sint,

Cic. Sen. 2, 5:

cui bene librato... Obstitit ramus,

Ov. M. 8, 409:

at bene si quaeras,

id. ib. 3, 141:

tibi comprimam linguam. Hau potes: Bene pudiceque adservatur,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 196:

bene dissimulare amorem,

entirely, Ter. And. 1, 1, 105:

quis enim bene celat amorem?

Ov. H. 12, 37.—So with a negation, = male restat parvam quod non bene compleat urnam, Ov. M. 12, 615: non bene conveniunt... Majestas et amor, id. ib 2, 846.—Redundant, with vix (Ovid.):

vix bene Castalio descenderat antro, Incustoditam lente videt ire juvencam ( = vix descenderat cum, etc.),

Ov. M. 3, 14:

tactum vix bene limen erat, Aesonides, dixi, quid agit meus?

id. H. 6, 24:

vix bene desieram, rettulit illa mihi,

id. F 5, 277.—

Sup., most opportunely, at the nick of time (comic):

sed eccum meum gnatum optume video,

Plaut. Merc. 2, 2, 57:

sed optume eccum exit senex,

id. Rud. 3, 3, 44. optume adveniens, puere, cape Chlamydem, etc., id. Merc. 5, 2, 69: Davum optume Video, Ter And. 2, 1, 35; 4, 2, 3; Plaut. Rud. 3, 5, 25; 4, 5, 19; Ter. Eun. 5, 2, 66; id. Heaut. 4, 5, 9; 5, 5, 2.—

Pregn.: bene polliceri = large polliceri, to make liberal promises ' praecepit ut ceteros adeant, bene polliceantur, Sall. C. 41, 5; cf.: bene promittere, to promise success:

quae autem inconstantia deorum ut primis minentur extis, bene promittant secundis?

Cic. Div. 2, 17, 38.—

In partic.

Bene dicere.

To speak well, i. e. eloquently:

qui optime dicunt,

the most eloquent, Cic. de Or. 1, 26, 119; 2, 2, 5:

etiam bene dicere haud absurdum est,

Sall. C. 3, 1:

abunde dixit bene quisquis rei satisfecit,

Quint. 12, 9, 7;

cf: bene loqui,

to use good language, speak good Latin, Cic. Brut. 58, 212, 64, 228.—

To speak ably:

multo oratorem melius quam ipsos illos quorum eae sint artes esse dicturum,

Cic. Or. 1, 15, 65; cf. Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 4. bene dicendi scientia, Quint. 7, 3, 12.—

To speak correctly or elegantly:

eum et Attice dicere et optime, ut..bene dicere id sit, Attice dicere,

Cic. Opt. Gen. 4, 13 ' optime dicta, Quint. 10, 1, 19.—So, bene loqui:

ut esset perfecta illa bene loquendi laus,

Cic. Brut. 72, 252:

at loquitur pulchre. Num melius quam Plato?

id. Opt. Gen. 5, 16.—

To speak well, i e. kindly, of one, to praise him; absol. or with dat., or reflex., with inter (less correctly as one word, benedicere): cui bene dixit umquam bono? Of what good man has he ever spoken well, or, what good man has he ever praised, Cic. Sest. 52, 110. bene, quaeso, inter vos dicatis, et amice absenti tamen, Plaut. Mil. 4, 8, 31.—Ironically:

bene equidem tibi dico qui te digna ut eveniant precor,

Plaut. Rud. 3, 2, 26:

nec tibi cessaret doctus bene dicere lector,

Ov. Tr. 5, 9, 9: cui a viris bonis bene dicatur, Metell. Numid. ap. Gell. 6, 11, 3.— And dat understood:

si bene dicatis (i. e. mihi) vostra ripa vos sequar,

Plaut. Poen. 3, 3, 18 ' omnes bene dicunt (ei), et amant (eum), Ter. Ad. 5, 4, 11:

ad bene dicendum (i e. alteri) delectandumque redacti,

Hor. Ep 2, 1, 155 —Part. ' indignis si male dicitur, male dictum id esse duco;

Verum si dignis dicitur, bene dictum'st,

is a praise, Plaut. Curc. 4, 2, 27 sq.: nec bene nec male dicta profuerunt ad confirmandos animos, Liv 23, 46, 1; cf. Ter. Phorm. prol. 20 infra. —Bene audio = bene dicitur mihi, I am praised:

bene dictis si certasset, audisset bene,

Ter. Phorm. prol. 20; v. audio, 5.—

To use words of good omen (euphêmein): Ol. Quid si fors aliter quam voles evenerit? St. Bene dice, dis sum fretus ( = fave lingua, melius ominare), Plaut. Cas. 2, 5, 38 heja, bene dicito, id. As. 3, 3, 155.—

Bene dixisti, a formula of approbation: ne quan do iratus tu alio conferas. Th. Bene dixti, you are right, Ter. Eun. 3, 1, 61. bene et sapienter dixti dudum, etc., it was a good and wise remark of yours that, etc., id. Ad. 5, 8, 30.—

Bene dicta, fine or specious, plausible words (opp. deeds):

bene dictis tuis bene facta aures meae expostulant,

Plaut. Pers. 4, 3, 25; so,

bene loqui: male corde consultare, Bene lingua loqui,

use fine words, Plaut. Truc. 2, 1, 16.—

Bene facere.

Bene aliquid facere, to do, make, something well, i. e. ably (v. I. A. 2. a. supra):

vel non facere quod non op time possis, vel facere quod non pessime facias,

Cic. Or. 2, 20, 86:

non tamen haec quia possunt bene aliquando fieri passim facienda sunt,

Quint. 4, 1, 70:

Jovem Phidias optime fecit,

id. 2, 3, 6; so, melius facere, Afran. ap. Macr. 6, 1.— P. a.:

quid labor aut bene facta juvant?

his labor and well-done works are no pleasure to him, Verg. G. 3, 525. —

Bene facere, with dat. absol., with in and abl., or with erga, to do a good action, to benefit somebody, to impart benefits (less cor rectly as one word, benefacio)

With dat.:

bonus bonis bene feceris,

Plaut. Poen. 5, 4, 60:

bene si amico feceris, ne pigeat fecisse,

id. Trin. 2, 2, 66:

malo bene facere tantumdem est periculum quantum bono male facere,

id. Poen. 3, 3, 20:

homini id quod tu facis bene,

id. Ep 1, 2, 33:

tibi lubens bene faxim,

Ter. Ad. 5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 8; 5, 8, 25:

at tibi di semper... faciant bene,

may the gods bless you, Plaut. Men. 5, 7, 32:

di tibi Bene faciant,

Ter. Ad. 5, 7, 20; so Plaut. Pers. 4, 3, 18.— Pass.:

quod bonis bene fit beneficium,

Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 108:

pulchrum est bene facere reipublicae,

Sall. C. 3, 1:

ego ne ingratis quidem bene facere absistam,

Liv. 36, 35, 4.—Reflexively. sibi bene facere, enjoy one ' s self, have a good time, genio indulgere (v. I. A. 2. e. supra): nec quisquam est tam ingenio duro quin, ubi quidquam occasionis sit sibi faciat bene, Plaut. As. grex 5.—

With in and abl.:

quoniam bene quae in me fecerunt, ingrata ea habui,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 30.—

With erga:

si quid amicum erga bene feci,

Plaut. Trin. 5, 2, 4.—

With ellipsis of dat., to impart benefits:

ingrata atque irrita esse omnia intellego Quae dedi et quod bene feci,

Plaut. As. 1, 2, 11:

quod bene fecisti, referetur gratia,

id. Capt. 5, 1, 20:

ego quod bene feci, male feci,

id. Ep. 1, 2, 34; id. Trin. 2, 2, 41:

si beneficia in rebus, non in ipsa benefaciendi voluntate consisterent,

Sen. Ben. 1, 7, 1:

benefaciendi animus,

id. ib. 2, 19, 1.—So esp. in formula of thanks, etc.' bene benigneque arbitror te facere, I thank you heartily, Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 129: Jup. Jam nunc irata non es? Alc. Non sum. Jup. Bene facis, id. Am. 3, 2, 56; v Brix ad Plaut. Trin. 384.—P. a. as subst.: bĕnĕ facta, orum, n., benefits, benefactions (cf. beneficium): bene facta male locata male facta arbitror, Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 2, 18, 62 (Trag. v 429 Vahl.): pol, bene facta tua me hortantur tuo ut imperio paream, Plaut Pers. 5, 2, 65: pro bene factis ejus uti ei pretium possim reddere. id. Capt. 5, 1, 20;

bene facta referre,

Claud. Laud. Stil. 3, 182 tenere, id. ib. 2, 42.—So freq. in eccl. writ ers:

et si bene feceritis his qui vobis bene faciunt,

Vulg. Luc. 6, 33:

bene facite his qui oderunt vos,

id. Matt. 5, 44.—

Absol., to do good, perform meritorious acts (in fin. verb only eccl. Lat.)' discite bene facere, Vulg. Isa. 1, 17:

interrogo vos si licet sabbatis bene facere an male,

id. Luc. 6, 9:

qui bene facit, ex Deo est,

id. Joan. Ep. 3, 11.— In P a. (class.): bene facta (almost always in plur.), merits, meritorious acts, brave deeds:

bene facta recte facta sunt,

Cic. Par 3, 1, 22:

omnia bene facta in luce se collocari volunt,

id. Tusc. 2, 26, 64; id. Sen. 3, 9:

bene facta mea reipublicae procedunt,

Sall. J 85, 5, cf. id. C. 8, 5; id. H. Fragm. 1, 19: veteribus bene factis nova pensantes maleficia, Liv 37, 1, 2; cf. Quint. 3, 7, 13, 12, 1, 41; Prop. 2, 1, 24; Ov. M. 15, 850, Claud. VI. Cons. Hon. 386.— Sing.: bene factum a vobis, dum vivitis non abscedet, Cato ap. Gell. 16, 1, 4.—

In medical language, to be of good effect, benefit, do good:

id bene faciet et alvum bonam faciet,

Cato, R. R. 157, 6.—So with ad: ad capitis dolorem bene facit serpyllum, Scrib Comp. 1; so id. ib. 5; 9; 13; 41.—

In the phrase bene facis, etc., as a formula of thanks, v I A. 2. f. supra.—

Expressing joy, I am glad of it, I am glad that etc. (comic.) Da. Tua quae fuit Palaestra, ea filia inventa'st mea. La. Bene meher cule factum'st, Plaut. Rud. 5, 3, 9: bis tanto valeo quam valui prius. Ly. Bene hercle factum et gaudeo, id. Merc. 2, 2, 27; Ter And. 5, 6, 11; id. Hec. 5, 4, 17; id. Eun. 5, 8, 7:

bene factum et volup est hodie me his mulierculis Tetulisse auxilium,

Plaut. Rud. 4, 1, 1; Ter. Hec. 3, 5, 11; so, bene factum gaudeo: nam hic noster pater est Ant. Ita me Juppiter bene amet, benefac tum gaudeo, Plaut. Poen. 5, 5, 47; Ter Phorm. 5, 6, 43; cf.: Me. Rex Creo vigiles nocturnos singulos semper locat. So. Bene facit, quia nos eramus peregri, tutatu'st domum, I am glad of it, etc., Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 19. bene fecit A. Silius qui transegerit: neque enim ei deesse volebam, et quid possem timebam, I am glad that A. Silius, etc., Cic. Att. 12, 24, 1.—

With esse.

Bene est, impers., it is well.

In the epistolary formula: si vales bene est; or, si vales bene est, (ego) valeo (abbrev. S.V.B.E.V.), Afran. ap Prisc. p 804 P; Cic. Fam. 5, 14, 1; 10, 34, 1; 4, 1, 1; cf. id. ib. 5, 7, 1; 5, 9, 1; 5, 10, 1; 10, 33, 1; 10, 14, 8; 10, 14, 11;

14, 14, 1, 14, 14, 16: si valetis gaudeo,

Plaut. Pers. 4, 3, 41 —These formulas were obsolete at Seneca's time: mos antiquis fuit, usque ad meam servatus aetatem, primis epistulae verbis adicere: Si vales, bene est;

ego valeo,

Sen. Ep. 15, 1.—

= bene factum est (cf. I. 2. k. supra): oculis quoque etiam plus jam video quam prius: Ly. Bene est, Plaut. Merc. 2, 2, 26: hic est intus filius apud nos tuus. De. Optume'st, id. ib. 5, 4, 49; Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 48, 5, 5, 3; id. Hec. 5, 4, 31.—

Bene est alicui, impers., it is ( goes) well with one, one does well, is well off, enjoys himself, is happy: nam si curent, bene bonis sit, male malis, quod nunc abest, Enn ap. Cic. N. D. 3, 32, 79 (Trag. v. 355 Vahl.):

bona si esse veis, bene erit tibi,

Plaut. Merc. 3, 1, 12:

quia illi, unde huc abvecta sum, malis bene esse solitum'st,

id. ib. 3, 1, 13:

qui neque tibi bene esse patere, et illis qui bus est invides,

id. Ps. 4, 7, 35 (so id. Trin. 2, 2, 71): num quippiam aluit me vis? De. Ut bene sit tibi, id Pers. 4, 8, 5; id. Poen. 4, 2, 90; Ter Phorm. 1, 2, 101: nemini nimium bene est, Afran. ap. Charis. p. 185 P.:

si non est, jurat bene solis esse maritis,

Hor. Ep 1, 1, 88:

nec tamen illis bene erit, quia non bono gaudent,

Sen. Vit. Beat. 11, 4: BENE SIT NOBIS, Inscr Orell. 4754; Plaut. Truc. 2, 4, 95; 4, 2, 36; id. Curc. 4, 2, 31; id. Pers. 5, 2, 74; id. Stich. 5, 5, 12; id. Merc. 2, 2, 55; Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 9.— Comp.: istas minas decem, qui me procurem dum melius sit mi, des. Plaut. Curc. 4, 2, 40:

spero ex tuis litteris tibi melius esse,

that your health is better, Cic. Fam. 16, 22, 1; Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 1; Ter And. 2, 5, 16.—With dat. understood: patria est ubi cumque est bene (i. e. cuique), where one does well, there is his country, Poet. ap. Cic Tusc 5, 37, 108 (Trag. Rel. inc. p. 248 Rib). [p. 231] —With abl., to be well off in, to feast upon a thing:

ubi illi bene sit ligno, aqua calida, cibo, vestimentis,

Plaut. Cas. 2, 3, 39:

at mihi bene erat, non piscibus, Sed pullo atque hoedo,

Hor. S. 2, 2, 120.—

Bene sum = bene mihi est:

minore nusquam bene fui dispendio,

Plaut. Men. 3, 2, 20:

de eo (argento) nunc bene sunt tua virtute,

id. Truc. 4, 2, 28: dato qui bene sit;

ego ubi bene sit tibi locum lepidum dabo,

id. Bacch. 1, 1, 51:

scis bene esse si sit unde,

id. Capt. 4, 2, 70.—

Bene habere.

With subj. nom.

To enjoy, Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 35 al.; v. I. A. 2. e. supra.—

To be favorable, to favor:

bene habent tibi principia,

Ter. Phorm. 2, 3, 82. —

With se, to be well, well off. imperator se bene habet, it is well with, Sen. Ep. 24, 9; cf.:

si te bene habes,

Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 122 Brix ad loc.—

Hoc bene habet, or bene habet, impers. ( = res se bene habet), it is well, matters stand well:

bene habet: jacta sunt fundamenta defensionis,

Cic. Mur. 6, 14:

bene habet: di pium movere bellum,

Liv. 8, 6, 4:

atque bene habet si a collega litatum est,

id. 8, 9, 1; Juv. 10, 72; Stat. Th. 11, 557.— So pers.: bene habemus nos, si in his spes est;

opinor, aliud agamus,

we are well off, Cic. Att. 2, 8, 1.—

Bene agere, with cum and abl.

To treat one well:

bene egissent Athenienses cum Miltiade si, etc.,

Val. Max. 5, 3, ext. 3.—

Impers.: bene agitur cum aliquo, it goes well with one, he is fortunate:

bene dicat secum esse actum,

that he has come off well, Ter. Ad. 2, 2, 2:

non tam bene cum rebus humanis agitur ut meliora pluribus placeant,

Sen. Vit. Beat. 2, 1.— With ellipsis of cum and abl.:

si hinc non abeo intestatus, bene agitur pro noxia (sc. mecum),

Plaut. Mil. 5, 23.—

Rem (negotium) bene gerere.

To administer well private or public affairs: multi suam rem bene gessere et publicam patria procul, Enn. ap. Cic. Fam. 7, 6, 1 (Trag. Rel. v. 295 Vahl.):

non ut multis bene gestae, sed, ut nemini, conservatae rei publicae,

Cic. Pis. 3, 6; so,

qui ordo bene gestae rei publicae testimonium multis, mihi uni conservatae dedit,

id. Phil. 2, 1, 2:

rem publicam,

id. Pis. 19, 45:

Apollini republica vestra bene gesta servataque... donum mittitote,

Liv. 23, 11, 3.—

To be successful, meet with success, acquit one ' s self well; usu. of war;

also of private affairs: bello extincto, re bene gesta, vobis gratis habeo, etc.,

Plaut. Pers. 5, 1, 2:

quando bene gessi rem, volo hic in fano supplicare,

id. Curc. 4, 2, 41;

quasi re bene gesta,

Ter. Ad. 5, 1, 13:

rem te valde bene gessisse rumor erat,

that you had met with great success, Cic. Fam. 1, 8, 7; id. Planc. 25, 61:

conclamant omnes occasionem negotii bene gerendi amittendam non esse,

Caes. B. G. 5, 57:

haec cogitanti accidere visa est facultas bene rei gerendae,

id. ib. 7, 44:

res bello bene gestae,

success in war, Liv. 23, 12, 11:

laeti bene gestis corpora rebus Procurate,

Verg. A. 9, 157; cf. Cic. Planc. 25, 61; Liv. 1, 37, 6; 4, 47, 1; 8, 30, 5; 22, 25, 4; 23, 36, 2.—

Bene vertere, in wishes.

With the rel. quod or quae res as subject, to turn out well; absol. or with dat.:

quae res tibi et gnatae tuae bene feliciterque vortat,

Plaut. Aul. 4, 10, 58:

quod utrisque bene vertat,

Liv. 8, 5, 6:

quod bene verteret,

id. 3, 26, 9; cf. id. 3, 35, 8; 3, 62, 5; 7, 39, 10; v. verto; cf.:

quod bene eveniat,

Cato, R. R. 141.—

With di as subject:

di bene vortant,

may the gods let it turn out well, may the gods grant success, Plaut. Aul. 2, 3, 5; cf. Ter. Ad. 4, 7, 10; id. Hec. 1, 2, 121; id. Phorm. 3, 3, 19; v. verte.—

Bene, colloquially in leave-taking: bene ambula, walk well, i. e. have a pleasant walk! Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 166: De. Bene ambulato! Ly. Bene vale! id. Merc 2, 2, 55:

bene valete et vivite!

id. Mil. 4, 8, 30:

cives bene valete!

id. Merc. 5, 2, 25; cf. id. Ep. 5, 1, 40; id. Merc. 2, 4, 28; 5, 4, 65; id. Curc. 4, 2, 30; Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 115; id. Hec. 1, 2, 122:

salvere jubeo te, mi Saturides, bene,

Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 35: LAGGE, FILI, BENE QVIESCAS, Sepulch. Inscr. Orell. p. 4755.—

In invocations to the gods, often redundant (cf. bonus):

ita me Juppiter bene amet,

Plaut. Poen. 5, 5, 47:

di te bene ament, Hegio,

id. Capt. 1, 2, 29:

ita me di bene ament,

Ter. Eun. 4, 1, 1; cf. id. ib. 5, 2, 43; id. Hec. 2, 1, 9; id. Phorm. 1, 3, 13:

Jane pater uti te... bonas preces bene precatus siem,

Cato, R. R. 134: bene sponsis, beneque volueris in precatione augurali Messala augur ait significare spoponderis, volueris, Fest. p. 351 Mull. (p. 267 Lind.).—

Elliptical expressions.

Bene, melius, optime, instead of bene, etc., dicit, dicis, or facit, facis, etc.:

bene Pericles (i.e. dixit),

Cic. Off. 1,40, 144:

bene (Philippus) ministrum et praebitorem,

id. ib. 2, 14, 53:

existimabatur bene, Latine (i. e. loqui),

id. Brut. 74, 259; so id. Sen. 14, 47:

at bene Areus,

Quint. 2, 15, 36; cf. id. 10, 1, 56:

nam ante Aristippus, et ille melius (i.e. hoc dixerat),

Cic. Fin. 1, 8, 26:

sed haec tu melius vel optime omnium (i.e. facies),

id. Fam. 4, 13, 7; id. Fin. 1, 18, 61; 1, 19, 63; id. Off. 3, 11, 49; id. Sen. 20, 73; id. Opt. Gen. 6, 18; Quint. 10, 3, 25; 10, 2, 24; 6, 1, 3; 9, 4, 23.—

In applauding answers' bene and optime, good! bravo! excellent! euge, euge! Perbene! Plaut. Rud. 1, 2, 75: huc respice. Da. Optume! id. ib. 3, 4, 3; cf. id. Merc. 1, 2, 114; 5, 4, 16.—

In drinking health, with acc. or dat., health to you, your health! bene vos! bene nos! bene te! bene me! bene nostram etiam Stephanium! Plaut. Stich. 5, 4, 27; Tib 2, 1, 31: bene te, pater optime Caesar, etc.; Ov. F. 2, 637:

bene mihi, bene vobis, bene amicae meae!

Plaut. Pers. 5, 1, 21; Ov.A.A. 1, 601.—

Pregn., in ellipt. predicate: quod (imperium) si (ei) sui bene crediderint cives... credere et Latinos debere, if his own citizens did well to intrust the supreme power to him, etc., Liv. 1, 50, 5:

in Velia aedificent quibus melius quam P. Valerio creditur libertas,

to whom it will be safer to intrust liberty, id. 2, 7, 11:

melius peribimus quam sine alteris vestrum viduae aut orbae vivemus,

it will be better for us to perish, id. 1, 13, 3:

bene Arruntium morte usum,

that it was right for Arruntius to die, Tac. A. 6, 48; Liv. 2, 30, 6; Quint. 9, 4, 92; Tac. A. 2, 44.—

Adv. of intensity, = valde, very, with adjj. and advv.

With adjj.: bene tempestate serena, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 2, 39, 82 (Ann. v. 517 Vahl.): foedus feri bene firmum, id. ap. Porphyr. ad Hor. C. 3, 24, 50 (Ann. v. 33 ib.); cf.:

bene firmus,

Cic. Fam. 16, 8, 1; id. Phil. 6, 7, 18:

bene robustus,

id. Div. in Caecil. 15, 48:

bene morigerus fuit puer,

Plaut. Capt. 5, 2, 13:

bene ergo ego hinc praedatus ibo,

id. Ps. 4, 7, 39:

bene lautum,

id. Rud. 3, 3, 39:

bene et naviter oportet esse impudentem,

Cic. Fam. 5, 12, 3:

id utrum Romano more locutus sit, bene nummatum te futurum, an, etc.,

id. ib. 7, 16, 3:

bene sanos,

id. Fin. 1, 16, 52; 1, 21, 71; Hor. S. 1, 3, 61; 1, 9, 44:

bene longinquos dolores,

Cic. Fin. 2, 29, 94:

sermonem bene longum,

id. Or. 2, 88, 361:

bene magna caterva,

id. Mur. 33, 69:

magna multitudo,

Hirt. B. Hisp. 4:

barbatus,

Cic. Cat. 2, 10, 22:

fidum pectus,

Hor. C. 2, 12, 15:

cautus,

Ov. H. 1, 44:

multa,

Ov. Tr. 1, 7, 15: multi, Pollio ap. Cic. Fam 10, 33, 4:

homo optime dives,

Sen. Vit. Beat. 23, 2.—

With advv.: bene saepe libenter, Enn. Ann. ap. Gell. 12, 4, 4 (Ann. v. 239 Vahl.); cf.:

bene libenter victitas,

Ter. Eun. 5, 8, 44:

bene mane haec scripsi,

Cic. Att. 4, 9, 2; 4, 10, 16:

bene penitus,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 70, § 169:

bene longe,

Hirt. B. Hisp. 25:

bene gnaviter,

Sen. Ot. Sap. 1 (28), 5.—With adverb. phrase:

siad te bene ante lucem venisset,

Cic. Or. 2, 64, 259.

bĕnĕ, adv. of manner and intensity [bonus; the first vowel assimilated to the e of the foll. syllable; cf. Corss. Ausspr. 2, 366], well ( comp. melius, better; sup. optime [v. bonus init. ], best; often to be rendered by more specific Engl. adverbs).

As adjunct of verbs.

In gen.

Of physical or external goodness, usefulness, ornament, and comfort:

villam rusticam bene aedificatam habere expedit,

Cato, R. R. 3:

villam bonam beneque aedificatam,

Cic. Off. 3, 13, 55:

quid est agrum bene colere? Bene arare,

Cato, R. R. 61:

agro bene culto nihil potest esse... uberius,

Cic. Sen. 16, 57:

ubi cocta erit bene,

Cato, R. R. 157; 3; 4;

32 et saep.: te auratam et vestitam bene,

Plaut. Men. 5, 2, 50: ornatus hic satis me condecet? Ps. Optume, it is very becoming, id. Ps. 4, 1, 26:

me bene curata cute vises,

well tended, Hor. Ep. 1, 4, 15:

bene olere,

Verg. E. 2, 48:

bene sonare,

Quint. 8, 3, 16:

neque tamen non inprimis bene habitavit,

in the very best style, Nep. Att. 13, 1:

a Catone cum quaereretur, quid maxime in re familiari expediret, respondet Bene pascere? Quid secundum? Satis bene pascere,

Cic. Off. 2, 25, 89: so,

bene cenare,

Cat. 13, 17; Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 56:

bene de rebus domesticis constitutum esse,

to be in good circumstances, Cic. Sest. 45, 97;

similarly: rem (i. e. familiarem) bene paratam comitate perdidit,

well arranged, Plaut. Rud. prol. 38.—

With respect to the mind.

Perception, knowledge, ability:

quas tam bene noverat quam paedagogos nostros novimus,

Sen. Ep. 27, 5:

quin melius novi quam te et vidi saepius,

Plaut. Capt. 5, 2, 22:

novi optime (Bacchus) et saepe vidi,

Cic. Fam. 7, 23, 2:

qui optime suos nosse deberet,

Nep. Con. 4, 1; cf. Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 1; id. S. 1, 9, 22: satin' haec meministi et tenes? Pa. Melius quam tu qui docuisti, Plaut. Pers. 2, 2, 2:

quod eo mihi melius cernere videor quo ab eo proprius absum,

Cic. Sen. 21, 77:

ut hic melius quam ipse illa scire videatur,

id. de Or. 1, 15, 66; id. Or. 38, 132:

cum Sophocles vel optime scripserit Electram suam,

id. Fin. 1, 2, 5:

gubernatoris ars quia bene navigandi rationem habet,

of able seamanship, id. ib. 1, 13, 42:

melius in Volscis imperatum est,

better generalship was displayed, Liv. 2, 63, 6:

nihil melius quam omnis mundus administratur,

Cic. Inv. 1, 34, 59: de medico bene existimari scribis, that he is well thought ( spoken) of, i. e. his ability, id. Fam. 16, 14, 1:

prudentibus et bene institutis,

well educated, id. Sen. 14, 50:

sapientibus et bene natura constitutis,

endowed with good natural talent, id. Sest. 65, 137:

quodsi melius geruntur ea quae consilio geruntur quam, etc.,

more ably, id. Inv. 1, 34, 59:

tabulas bene pictas collocare in bono lumine,

good paintings, id. Brut. 75, 261:

canere melius,

Verg. E. 9, 67; Quint. 10, 1, 91:

bene pronuntiare,

id. 11, 3, 12:

bene respondere interrogationibus,

id. 5, 7, 28; 6, 3, 81.—

Of feeling, judgment, and will:

similis in utroque nostrum, cum optime sentiremus, error fuit,

when we had the best intentions, Cic. Fam. 4, 2, 3; so id. ib. 6, 4, 2; so,

bene sentire,

id. ib. 6, 1, 3; so,

bene, optime de re publica sentire,

to hold sound views on public affairs, id. Off. 1, 41, 149; id. Fam. 4, 14, 1; id. Phil. 3, 9, 23:

bene animatas eas (insulas) confirmavit,

well disposed, Nep. Cim. 2, 4:

ei causae quam Pompeius animatus melius quam paratus susceperat,

Cic. Fam. 6, 6, 10; so, optime animati, Varr. ap. Non. p. 201, 7:

quod bene cogitasti aliquando, laudo,

that you had good intentions, Cic. Phil. 2, 14, 34:

se vero bene sperare (i. e. de bello),

had good hopes, Liv. 6, 6, 18:

sperabis omnia optime,

Cic. Fam. 4, 13, 7:

tibi bene ex animo volo,

Ter. Heaut. 5, 2, 6; so freq.: bene alicui velle, v. volo: bene aliquid consulere, to plan something well:

vigilando, agendo, bene consulendo prospera omnia cedunt,

Sall. C. 52, 29:

omnia non bene consulta,

id. J. 92, 2. —

Of morality, honesty, honor, etc.

Bene vivere, or bene beateque vivere ( = kalôs kagathôs), to lead a moral and happy life:

qui virtutem habeat, eum nullius rei ad bene vivendum indigere,

Cic. Inv. 1, 51, 93:

in dialectica vestra nullam esse ad melius vivendum vim,

id. Fin. 1, 19, 63:

quod ni ita accideret et melius et prudentius viveretur,

id. Sen. 19, 67; cf. id. Ac. 1, 4, 15; id. Fin. 1, 13, 45; id. Off. 1, 6, 19; id. Fam. 4, 3, 3 et saep. (for another meaning of bene vivere, cf. e. infra).—

Bene mori, to die honorably, bravely, creditably, gloriously:

qui se bene mori quam turpiter vivere maluit,

Liv. 22, 50, 7:

ne ferrum quidem ad bene moriendum oblaturus est hostis,

id. 9, 3, 3; so id. 21, 42, 4:

tum potui, Medea, mori bene,

Ov. H. 12, 5.—

Bene partum, what is honestly, honorably earned or acquired:

multa bona bene parta habemus,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 65:

mei patris bene parta indiligenter Tutatur,

Ter. Phorm. 5, 3, 5:

res familiaris primum bene parta sit, nullo neque turpi quaestu, neque odioso,

Cic. Off. 1, 26, 92:

diutine uti bene licet partum bene,

Plaut. Rud. 4, 7, 15; Sall. C. 51, 42 (cf.:

mala parta,

Cic. Phil. 2, 27, 65:

male par tum,

Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 22).—

Apud bonos bene agier, an old legal formula: bona fide agi (v. bonus), to be transacted in good faith among good men. ubi erit illa formula fiduciae ut inter bonos bene agier oportet? Cic. Fam. 7, 12, 2; id. Off. 3, 15, 61; 3, 17, 70.—

Non bene = male, not faithfully:

esse metus coepit ne jura jugalia conjunx Non bene servasset,

Ov. M. 7, 716.—

Representing an action as right or correct, well, rightly, correctly: bene mones, Ibo, you are right ( to admonish me), Ter. And. 2, 2, 36:

sequi recusarunt bene monentem,

Liv. 22, 60, 17:

quom mihi et bene praecipitis, et, etc.,

since you give sound advice, Plaut. Poen. 3, 2, 55; so Ter. Ad. 5, 9, 6; 3, 3, 80; Lucil. ap. Non. p. 372, 7:

bene enim majores accubitionem epularem amicorum convivium nominarunt, melius quam Graeci,

Cic. Sen. 13, 45:

hoc bene censuit Scaevola,

correctly, Dig. 17, 1, 48.—

Pleasantly, satisfactorily, profitably, prosperously, fortunately, successfully:

nunc bene vivo et fortunate atque ut volo atque animo ut lubet,

Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 111:

nihil adferrent quo jucundius, id est melius, viveremus,

Cic. Fin. 1, 41, 72:

si bene qui cenat, bene vivit,

Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 56: quamobrem melius apud bonos quam apud fortunatos beneficium collocari puto, is better or more profitably invested, Cic. Off. 2, 20, 71:

perdenda sunt multa beneficia ut semel ponas bene, Sen. Ben. poet. 1, 2, 1: etiamsi nullum (beneficium) bene positurus sit,

id. ib. 1, 2, 2:

quando hoc bene successit,

Ter. Ad. 2, 4, 23: bene ambulatum'st? Di. Huc quidem, hercle, ad te bene, Quia tui vivendi copia'st, has your walk been pleasant? Plaut. Truc. 2, 4, 18:

melius ominare,

use words of better omen, id. Rud. 2, 3, 7; Cic. Brut. 96, 329:

qui se suamque aetatem bene curant,

Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 36.—So, bene (se) habere: ut bene me haberem filiai nuptiis, have a good time at, etc., Plaut. Aul. 2, 8, 2:

qui se bene habet suisque amicis usui est,

who enjoys his life and is a boon companion, id. Mil. 3, 1, 128:

nam hanc bene se habere aetatem nimio'st aequius,

id. Merc. 3, 2, 6: bene consulere alicui, to take good care for somebody ' s interests:

tuae rei bene consulere cupio,

id. Trin. 3, 2, 9:

ut qui mihi consultum optume velit esse,

Ter. Phorm. 1, 3, 1:

me optime consulentem saluti suae,

Cic. Fam. 4, 14, 2:

qui se ad sapientes viros bene consulentes rei publicae contulerunt,

id. Off. 2, 13, 46.—So, bene mereri, and rarely bene merere, to deserve well of one, i. e. act for his advantage; absol. or with de:

addecet Bene me, renti bene referre gratiam,

Plaut. Rud. 5, 3, 36:

Licinii aps te bene merenti male refertur gratia?

id. Ps. 1, 3, 86:

ut memorem in bene meritos animum praestarem,

Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 10:

cogor nonnumquam homines non optime de me meritos rogatu eorum qui bene meriti sunt, defendere,

id. ib. 7, 1, 4:

tam bene meritis de nomine Punico militibus,

Liv. 23, 12, 5:

si bene quid de te merui,

Verg. A. 4, 317; cf. Cic. Opt. Gen. 7, 20; id. Sest. 1, 2; 12, 39; 66, 139; 68, 142; id. Mil. 36, 99; id. Phil. 2, 14, 36 et saep.; v. mereo, D. and P. a.—So esp. referring to price: bene emere, to buy advantageously, i. e. cheaply; bene vendere, to sell advantageously, i. e. at a high price: bene ego hercle vendidi te, Plaut. [p. 230] Durc. 4, 2, 34:

et quoniam vendat, velle quam optime vendere,

Cic. Off. 3, 12, 51:

ita nec ut emat melius, nec ut vendat quidquam, simulabit vir bonus,

id. ib. 3, 15, 61: vin' bene emere? Do. Vin' tu pulcre vendere? Plaut. Pers. 4, 4, 38:

melius emetur,

Cato, R. R. 1: quo melius emptum sciatis, Cic. ap. Suet. Caes. 50 fin.:

qui vita bene credat emi honorem,

cheaply, Verg. A. 9, 206; Sil 4, 756.—

Expressing kindness, thanks, etc.: bene facis, bene vocas, bene narras, I thank you, am obliged to you for doing, calling, saying (colloq.): merito amo te. Ph. Bene facis, thanks! Ter Eun. 1, 2, 106; cf.:

in consuetudinem venit, bene facis et fecisti non mdicantis esse, sed gratias agentis, Don. ad loc.' placet, bene facitis,

Plaut. Rud. 3, 6, 43: dividuom talentum faciam. La. Bene facis, id. ib. 5, 3, 52: si quid erit dubium, immutabo Da. Bene fecisti, id. Ep. 5, 1, 40 Lo. Adeas, si velis. La. Bene hercle factum vobis habeo gratiam. Accedam propius, id. Rud. 3, 6, 2; Ter. Ad. 4, 3, 10.—With gratiam habere: bene fecisti;

gratiam habeo maximam,

Ter. Eun. 5, 8, 61; cf.

bene benigneque arbitror te facere,

Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 130: quin etiam Graecis licebit utare cum voles... Bene sane facis, sed enitar ut Latine loquar, I thank you for the permission, but, etc., Cic. Ac. 1, 7, 25: an exitum Cassi Maelique expectem? Bene facitis quod abominamini... sed, etc., I am much obliged to you for abhorring this, but, etc., Liv. 6, 18, 9: bene edepol narras; nam illi faveo virgini, thanks for telling me, for, etc., Ter. Eun. 5, 3, 7 (cf.:

male hercule narras,

I owe you little thanks for saying so, Cic. Tusc. 1, 6, 10):

bene, ita me di ament, nuntias,

Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 20:

benenarras,

Cic. Att. 16, 14, 4; 13, 33, 2: tu ad matrem adi. Bene vocas; benigne dicis Cras apud te, thanks for your invitation, but, etc., Plaut. Merc. 5, 2, 108: eamus intro ut prandeamus. Men. Bene vocas, tam gratia'st, id. Men. 2, 3, 41.—

Of accuracy, etc., well, accurately, truly, completely:

cum ceterae partes aetatis bene descriptae sint,

Cic. Sen. 2, 5:

cui bene librato... Obstitit ramus,

Ov. M. 8, 409:

at bene si quaeras,

id. ib. 3, 141:

tibi comprimam linguam. Hau potes: Bene pudiceque adservatur,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 196:

bene dissimulare amorem,

entirely, Ter. And. 1, 1, 105:

quis enim bene celat amorem?

Ov. H. 12, 37.—So with a negation, = male restat parvam quod non bene compleat urnam, Ov. M. 12, 615: non bene conveniunt... Majestas et amor, id. ib 2, 846.—Redundant, with vix (Ovid.):

vix bene Castalio descenderat antro, Incustoditam lente videt ire juvencam ( = vix descenderat cum, etc.),

Ov. M. 3, 14:

tactum vix bene limen erat, Aesonides, dixi, quid agit meus?

id. H. 6, 24:

vix bene desieram, rettulit illa mihi,

id. F 5, 277.—

Sup., most opportunely, at the nick of time (comic):

sed eccum meum gnatum optume video,

Plaut. Merc. 2, 2, 57:

sed optume eccum exit senex,

id. Rud. 3, 3, 44. optume adveniens, puere, cape Chlamydem, etc., id. Merc. 5, 2, 69: Davum optume Video, Ter And. 2, 1, 35; 4, 2, 3; Plaut. Rud. 3, 5, 25; 4, 5, 19; Ter. Eun. 5, 2, 66; id. Heaut. 4, 5, 9; 5, 5, 2.—

Pregn.: bene polliceri = large polliceri, to make liberal promises ' praecepit ut ceteros adeant, bene polliceantur, Sall. C. 41, 5; cf.: bene promittere, to promise success:

quae autem inconstantia deorum ut primis minentur extis, bene promittant secundis?

Cic. Div. 2, 17, 38.—

In partic.

Bene dicere.

To speak well, i. e. eloquently:

qui optime dicunt,

the most eloquent, Cic. de Or. 1, 26, 119; 2, 2, 5:

etiam bene dicere haud absurdum est,

Sall. C. 3, 1:

abunde dixit bene quisquis rei satisfecit,

Quint. 12, 9, 7;

cf: bene loqui,

to use good language, speak good Latin, Cic. Brut. 58, 212, 64, 228.—

To speak ably:

multo oratorem melius quam ipsos illos quorum eae sint artes esse dicturum,

Cic. Or. 1, 15, 65; cf. Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 4. bene dicendi scientia, Quint. 7, 3, 12.—

To speak correctly or elegantly:

eum et Attice dicere et optime, ut..bene dicere id sit, Attice dicere,

Cic. Opt. Gen. 4, 13 ' optime dicta, Quint. 10, 1, 19.—So, bene loqui:

ut esset perfecta illa bene loquendi laus,

Cic. Brut. 72, 252:

at loquitur pulchre. Num melius quam Plato?

id. Opt. Gen. 5, 16.—

To speak well, i e. kindly, of one, to praise him; absol. or with dat., or reflex., with inter (less correctly as one word, benedicere): cui bene dixit umquam bono? Of what good man has he ever spoken well, or, what good man has he ever praised, Cic. Sest. 52, 110. bene, quaeso, inter vos dicatis, et amice absenti tamen, Plaut. Mil. 4, 8, 31.—Ironically:

bene equidem tibi dico qui te digna ut eveniant precor,

Plaut. Rud. 3, 2, 26:

nec tibi cessaret doctus bene dicere lector,

Ov. Tr. 5, 9, 9: cui a viris bonis bene dicatur, Metell. Numid. ap. Gell. 6, 11, 3.— And dat understood:

si bene dicatis (i. e. mihi) vostra ripa vos sequar,

Plaut. Poen. 3, 3, 18 ' omnes bene dicunt (ei), et amant (eum), Ter. Ad. 5, 4, 11:

ad bene dicendum (i e. alteri) delectandumque redacti,

Hor. Ep 2, 1, 155 —Part. ' indignis si male dicitur, male dictum id esse duco;

Verum si dignis dicitur, bene dictum'st,

is a praise, Plaut. Curc. 4, 2, 27 sq.: nec bene nec male dicta profuerunt ad confirmandos animos, Liv 23, 46, 1; cf. Ter. Phorm. prol. 20 infra. —Bene audio = bene dicitur mihi, I am praised:

bene dictis si certasset, audisset bene,

Ter. Phorm. prol. 20; v. audio, 5.—

To use words of good omen (euphêmein): Ol. Quid si fors aliter quam voles evenerit? St. Bene dice, dis sum fretus ( = fave lingua, melius ominare), Plaut. Cas. 2, 5, 38 heja, bene dicito, id. As. 3, 3, 155.—

Bene dixisti, a formula of approbation: ne quan do iratus tu alio conferas. Th. Bene dixti, you are right, Ter. Eun. 3, 1, 61. bene et sapienter dixti dudum, etc., it was a good and wise remark of yours that, etc., id. Ad. 5, 8, 30.—

Bene dicta, fine or specious, plausible words (opp. deeds):

bene dictis tuis bene facta aures meae expostulant,

Plaut. Pers. 4, 3, 25; so,

bene loqui: male corde consultare, Bene lingua loqui,

use fine words, Plaut. Truc. 2, 1, 16.—

Bene facere.

Bene aliquid facere, to do, make, something well, i. e. ably (v. I. A. 2. a. supra):

vel non facere quod non op time possis, vel facere quod non pessime facias,

Cic. Or. 2, 20, 86:

non tamen haec quia possunt bene aliquando fieri passim facienda sunt,

Quint. 4, 1, 70:

Jovem Phidias optime fecit,

id. 2, 3, 6; so, melius facere, Afran. ap. Macr. 6, 1.— P. a.:

quid labor aut bene facta juvant?

his labor and well-done works are no pleasure to him, Verg. G. 3, 525. —

Bene facere, with dat. absol., with in and abl., or with erga, to do a good action, to benefit somebody, to impart benefits (less cor rectly as one word, benefacio)

With dat.:

bonus bonis bene feceris,

Plaut. Poen. 5, 4, 60:

bene si amico feceris, ne pigeat fecisse,

id. Trin. 2, 2, 66:

malo bene facere tantumdem est periculum quantum bono male facere,

id. Poen. 3, 3, 20:

homini id quod tu facis bene,

id. Ep 1, 2, 33:

tibi lubens bene faxim,

Ter. Ad. 5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 8; 5, 8, 25:

at tibi di semper... faciant bene,

may the gods bless you, Plaut. Men. 5, 7, 32:

di tibi Bene faciant,

Ter. Ad. 5, 7, 20; so Plaut. Pers. 4, 3, 18.— Pass.:

quod bonis bene fit beneficium,

Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 108:

pulchrum est bene facere reipublicae,

Sall. C. 3, 1:

ego ne ingratis quidem bene facere absistam,

Liv. 36, 35, 4.—Reflexively. sibi bene facere, enjoy one ' s self, have a good time, genio indulgere (v. I. A. 2. e. supra): nec quisquam est tam ingenio duro quin, ubi quidquam occasionis sit sibi faciat bene, Plaut. As. grex 5.—

With in and abl.:

quoniam bene quae in me fecerunt, ingrata ea habui,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 30.—

With erga:

si quid amicum erga bene feci,

Plaut. Trin. 5, 2, 4.—

With ellipsis of dat., to impart benefits:

ingrata atque irrita esse omnia intellego Quae dedi et quod bene feci,

Plaut. As. 1, 2, 11:

quod bene fecisti, referetur gratia,

id. Capt. 5, 1, 20:

ego quod bene feci, male feci,

id. Ep. 1, 2, 34; id. Trin. 2, 2, 41:

si beneficia in rebus, non in ipsa benefaciendi voluntate consisterent,

Sen. Ben. 1, 7, 1:

benefaciendi animus,

id. ib. 2, 19, 1.—So esp. in formula of thanks, etc.' bene benigneque arbitror te facere, I thank you heartily, Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 129: Jup. Jam nunc irata non es? Alc. Non sum. Jup. Bene facis, id. Am. 3, 2, 56; v Brix ad Plaut. Trin. 384.—P. a. as subst.: bĕnĕ facta, orum, n., benefits, benefactions (cf. beneficium): bene facta male locata male facta arbitror, Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 2, 18, 62 (Trag. v 429 Vahl.): pol, bene facta tua me hortantur tuo ut imperio paream, Plaut Pers. 5, 2, 65: pro bene factis ejus uti ei pretium possim reddere. id. Capt. 5, 1, 20;

bene facta referre,

Claud. Laud. Stil. 3, 182 tenere, id. ib. 2, 42.—So freq. in eccl. writ ers:

et si bene feceritis his qui vobis bene faciunt,

Vulg. Luc. 6, 33:

bene facite his qui oderunt vos,

id. Matt. 5, 44.—

Absol., to do good, perform meritorious acts (in fin. verb only eccl. Lat.)' discite bene facere, Vulg. Isa. 1, 17:

interrogo vos si licet sabbatis bene facere an male,

id. Luc. 6, 9:

qui bene facit, ex Deo est,

id. Joan. Ep. 3, 11.— In P a. (class.): bene facta (almost always in plur.), merits, meritorious acts, brave deeds:

bene facta recte facta sunt,

Cic. Par 3, 1, 22:

omnia bene facta in luce se collocari volunt,

id. Tusc. 2, 26, 64; id. Sen. 3, 9:

bene facta mea reipublicae procedunt,

Sall. J 85, 5, cf. id. C. 8, 5; id. H. Fragm. 1, 19: veteribus bene factis nova pensantes maleficia, Liv 37, 1, 2; cf. Quint. 3, 7, 13, 12, 1, 41; Prop. 2, 1, 24; Ov. M. 15, 850, Claud. VI. Cons. Hon. 386.— Sing.: bene factum a vobis, dum vivitis non abscedet, Cato ap. Gell. 16, 1, 4.—

In medical language, to be of good effect, benefit, do good:

id bene faciet et alvum bonam faciet,

Cato, R. R. 157, 6.—So with ad: ad capitis dolorem bene facit serpyllum, Scrib Comp. 1; so id. ib. 5; 9; 13; 41.—

In the phrase bene facis, etc., as a formula of thanks, v I A. 2. f. supra.—

Expressing joy, I am glad of it, I am glad that etc. (comic.) Da. Tua quae fuit Palaestra, ea filia inventa'st mea. La. Bene meher cule factum'st, Plaut. Rud. 5, 3, 9: bis tanto valeo quam valui prius. Ly. Bene hercle factum et gaudeo, id. Merc. 2, 2, 27; Ter And. 5, 6, 11; id. Hec. 5, 4, 17; id. Eun. 5, 8, 7:

bene factum et volup est hodie me his mulierculis Tetulisse auxilium,

Plaut. Rud. 4, 1, 1; Ter. Hec. 3, 5, 11; so, bene factum gaudeo: nam hic noster pater est Ant. Ita me Juppiter bene amet, benefac tum gaudeo, Plaut. Poen. 5, 5, 47; Ter Phorm. 5, 6, 43; cf.: Me. Rex Creo vigiles nocturnos singulos semper locat. So. Bene facit, quia nos eramus peregri, tutatu'st domum, I am glad of it, etc., Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 19. bene fecit A. Silius qui transegerit: neque enim ei deesse volebam, et quid possem timebam, I am glad that A. Silius, etc., Cic. Att. 12, 24, 1.—

With esse.

Bene est, impers., it is well.

In the epistolary formula: si vales bene est; or, si vales bene est, (ego) valeo (abbrev. S.V.B.E.V.), Afran. ap Prisc. p 804 P; Cic. Fam. 5, 14, 1; 10, 34, 1; 4, 1, 1; cf. id. ib. 5, 7, 1; 5, 9, 1; 5, 10, 1; 10, 33, 1; 10, 14, 8; 10, 14, 11;

14, 14, 1, 14, 14, 16: si valetis gaudeo,

Plaut. Pers. 4, 3, 41 —These formulas were obsolete at Seneca's time: mos antiquis fuit, usque ad meam servatus aetatem, primis epistulae verbis adicere: Si vales, bene est;

ego valeo,

Sen. Ep. 15, 1.—

= bene factum est (cf. I. 2. k. supra): oculis quoque etiam plus jam video quam prius: Ly. Bene est, Plaut. Merc. 2, 2, 26: hic est intus filius apud nos tuus. De. Optume'st, id. ib. 5, 4, 49; Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 48, 5, 5, 3; id. Hec. 5, 4, 31.—

Bene est alicui, impers., it is ( goes) well with one, one does well, is well off, enjoys himself, is happy: nam si curent, bene bonis sit, male malis, quod nunc abest, Enn ap. Cic. N. D. 3, 32, 79 (Trag. v. 355 Vahl.):

bona si esse veis, bene erit tibi,

Plaut. Merc. 3, 1, 12:

quia illi, unde huc abvecta sum, malis bene esse solitum'st,

id. ib. 3, 1, 13:

qui neque tibi bene esse patere, et illis qui bus est invides,

id. Ps. 4, 7, 35 (so id. Trin. 2, 2, 71): num quippiam aluit me vis? De. Ut bene sit tibi, id Pers. 4, 8, 5; id. Poen. 4, 2, 90; Ter Phorm. 1, 2, 101: nemini nimium bene est, Afran. ap. Charis. p. 185 P.:

si non est, jurat bene solis esse maritis,

Hor. Ep 1, 1, 88:

nec tamen illis bene erit, quia non bono gaudent,

Sen. Vit. Beat. 11, 4: BENE SIT NOBIS, Inscr Orell. 4754; Plaut. Truc. 2, 4, 95; 4, 2, 36; id. Curc. 4, 2, 31; id. Pers. 5, 2, 74; id. Stich. 5, 5, 12; id. Merc. 2, 2, 55; Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 9.— Comp.: istas minas decem, qui me procurem dum melius sit mi, des. Plaut. Curc. 4, 2, 40:

spero ex tuis litteris tibi melius esse,

that your health is better, Cic. Fam. 16, 22, 1; Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 1; Ter And. 2, 5, 16.—With dat. understood: patria est ubi cumque est bene (i. e. cuique), where one does well, there is his country, Poet. ap. Cic Tusc 5, 37, 108 (Trag. Rel. inc. p. 248 Rib). [p. 231] —With abl., to be well off in, to feast upon a thing:

ubi illi bene sit ligno, aqua calida, cibo, vestimentis,

Plaut. Cas. 2, 3, 39:

at mihi bene erat, non piscibus, Sed pullo atque hoedo,

Hor. S. 2, 2, 120.—

Bene sum = bene mihi est:

minore nusquam bene fui dispendio,

Plaut. Men. 3, 2, 20:

de eo (argento) nunc bene sunt tua virtute,

id. Truc. 4, 2, 28: dato qui bene sit;

ego ubi bene sit tibi locum lepidum dabo,

id. Bacch. 1, 1, 51:

scis bene esse si sit unde,

id. Capt. 4, 2, 70.—

Bene habere.

With subj. nom.

To enjoy, Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 35 al.; v. I. A. 2. e. supra.—

To be favorable, to favor:

bene habent tibi principia,

Ter. Phorm. 2, 3, 82. —

With se, to be well, well off. imperator se bene habet, it is well with, Sen. Ep. 24, 9; cf.:

si te bene habes,

Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 122 Brix ad loc.—

Hoc bene habet, or bene habet, impers. ( = res se bene habet), it is well, matters stand well:

bene habet: jacta sunt fundamenta defensionis,

Cic. Mur. 6, 14:

bene habet: di pium movere bellum,

Liv. 8, 6, 4:

atque bene habet si a collega litatum est,

id. 8, 9, 1; Juv. 10, 72; Stat. Th. 11, 557.— So pers.: bene habemus nos, si in his spes est;

opinor, aliud agamus,

we are well off, Cic. Att. 2, 8, 1.—

Bene agere, with cum and abl.

To treat one well:

bene egissent Athenienses cum Miltiade si, etc.,

Val. Max. 5, 3, ext. 3.—

Impers.: bene agitur cum aliquo, it goes well with one, he is fortunate:

bene dicat secum esse actum,

that he has come off well, Ter. Ad. 2, 2, 2:

non tam bene cum rebus humanis agitur ut meliora pluribus placeant,

Sen. Vit. Beat. 2, 1.— With ellipsis of cum and abl.:

si hinc non abeo intestatus, bene agitur pro noxia (sc. mecum),

Plaut. Mil. 5, 23.—

Rem (negotium) bene gerere.

To administer well private or public affairs: multi suam rem bene gessere et publicam patria procul, Enn. ap. Cic. Fam. 7, 6, 1 (Trag. Rel. v. 295 Vahl.):

non ut multis bene gestae, sed, ut nemini, conservatae rei publicae,

Cic. Pis. 3, 6; so,

qui ordo bene gestae rei publicae testimonium multis, mihi uni conservatae dedit,

id. Phil. 2, 1, 2:

rem publicam,

id. Pis. 19, 45:

Apollini republica vestra bene gesta servataque... donum mittitote,

Liv. 23, 11, 3.—

To be successful, meet with success, acquit one ' s self well; usu. of war;

also of private affairs: bello extincto, re bene gesta, vobis gratis habeo, etc.,

Plaut. Pers. 5, 1, 2:

quando bene gessi rem, volo hic in fano supplicare,

id. Curc. 4, 2, 41;

quasi re bene gesta,

Ter. Ad. 5, 1, 13:

rem te valde bene gessisse rumor erat,

that you had met with great success, Cic. Fam. 1, 8, 7; id. Planc. 25, 61:

conclamant omnes occasionem negotii bene gerendi amittendam non esse,

Caes. B. G. 5, 57:

haec cogitanti accidere visa est facultas bene rei gerendae,

id. ib. 7, 44:

res bello bene gestae,

success in war, Liv. 23, 12, 11:

laeti bene gestis corpora rebus Procurate,

Verg. A. 9, 157; cf. Cic. Planc. 25, 61; Liv. 1, 37, 6; 4, 47, 1; 8, 30, 5; 22, 25, 4; 23, 36, 2.—

Bene vertere, in wishes.

With the rel. quod or quae res as subject, to turn out well; absol. or with dat.:

quae res tibi et gnatae tuae bene feliciterque vortat,

Plaut. Aul. 4, 10, 58:

quod utrisque bene vertat,

Liv. 8, 5, 6:

quod bene verteret,

id. 3, 26, 9; cf. id. 3, 35, 8; 3, 62, 5; 7, 39, 10; v. verto; cf.:

quod bene eveniat,

Cato, R. R. 141.—

With di as subject:

di bene vortant,

may the gods let it turn out well, may the gods grant success, Plaut. Aul. 2, 3, 5; cf. Ter. Ad. 4, 7, 10; id. Hec. 1, 2, 121; id. Phorm. 3, 3, 19; v. verte.—

Bene, colloquially in leave-taking: bene ambula, walk well, i. e. have a pleasant walk! Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 166: De. Bene ambulato! Ly. Bene vale! id. Merc 2, 2, 55:

bene valete et vivite!

id. Mil. 4, 8, 30:

cives bene valete!

id. Merc. 5, 2, 25; cf. id. Ep. 5, 1, 40; id. Merc. 2, 4, 28; 5, 4, 65; id. Curc. 4, 2, 30; Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 115; id. Hec. 1, 2, 122:

salvere jubeo te, mi Saturides, bene,

Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 35: LAGGE, FILI, BENE QVIESCAS, Sepulch. Inscr. Orell. p. 4755.—

In invocations to the gods, often redundant (cf. bonus):

ita me Juppiter bene amet,

Plaut. Poen. 5, 5, 47:

di te bene ament, Hegio,

id. Capt. 1, 2, 29:

ita me di bene ament,

Ter. Eun. 4, 1, 1; cf. id. ib. 5, 2, 43; id. Hec. 2, 1, 9; id. Phorm. 1, 3, 13:

Jane pater uti te... bonas preces bene precatus siem,

Cato, R. R. 134: bene sponsis, beneque volueris in precatione augurali Messala augur ait significare spoponderis, volueris, Fest. p. 351 Mull. (p. 267 Lind.).—

Elliptical expressions.

Bene, melius, optime, instead of bene, etc., dicit, dicis, or facit, facis, etc.:

bene Pericles (i.e. dixit),

Cic. Off. 1,40, 144:

bene (Philippus) ministrum et praebitorem,

id. ib. 2, 14, 53:

existimabatur bene, Latine (i. e. loqui),

id. Brut. 74, 259; so id. Sen. 14, 47:

at bene Areus,

Quint. 2, 15, 36; cf. id. 10, 1, 56:

nam ante Aristippus, et ille melius (i.e. hoc dixerat),

Cic. Fin. 1, 8, 26:

sed haec tu melius vel optime omnium (i.e. facies),

id. Fam. 4, 13, 7; id. Fin. 1, 18, 61; 1, 19, 63; id. Off. 3, 11, 49; id. Sen. 20, 73; id. Opt. Gen. 6, 18; Quint. 10, 3, 25; 10, 2, 24; 6, 1, 3; 9, 4, 23.—

In applauding answers' bene and optime, good! bravo! excellent! euge, euge! Perbene! Plaut. Rud. 1, 2, 75: huc respice. Da. Optume! id. ib. 3, 4, 3; cf. id. Merc. 1, 2, 114; 5, 4, 16.—

In drinking health, with acc. or dat., health to you, your health! bene vos! bene nos! bene te! bene me! bene nostram etiam Stephanium! Plaut. Stich. 5, 4, 27; Tib 2, 1, 31: bene te, pater optime Caesar, etc.; Ov. F. 2, 637:

bene mihi, bene vobis, bene amicae meae!

Plaut. Pers. 5, 1, 21; Ov.A.A. 1, 601.—

Pregn., in ellipt. predicate: quod (imperium) si (ei) sui bene crediderint cives... credere et Latinos debere, if his own citizens did well to intrust the supreme power to him, etc., Liv. 1, 50, 5:

in Velia aedificent quibus melius quam P. Valerio creditur libertas,

to whom it will be safer to intrust liberty, id. 2, 7, 11:

melius peribimus quam sine alteris vestrum viduae aut orbae vivemus,

it will be better for us to perish, id. 1, 13, 3:

bene Arruntium morte usum,

that it was right for Arruntius to die, Tac. A. 6, 48; Liv. 2, 30, 6; Quint. 9, 4, 92; Tac. A. 2, 44.—

Adv. of intensity, = valde, very, with adjj. and advv.

With adjj.: bene tempestate serena, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 2, 39, 82 (Ann. v. 517 Vahl.): foedus feri bene firmum, id. ap. Porphyr. ad Hor. C. 3, 24, 50 (Ann. v. 33 ib.); cf.:

bene firmus,

Cic. Fam. 16, 8, 1; id. Phil. 6, 7, 18:

bene robustus,

id. Div. in Caecil. 15, 48:

bene morigerus fuit puer,

Plaut. Capt. 5, 2, 13:

bene ergo ego hinc praedatus ibo,

id. Ps. 4, 7, 39:

bene lautum,

id. Rud. 3, 3, 39:

bene et naviter oportet esse impudentem,

Cic. Fam. 5, 12, 3:

id utrum Romano more locutus sit, bene nummatum te futurum, an, etc.,

id. ib. 7, 16, 3:

bene sanos,

id. Fin. 1, 16, 52; 1, 21, 71; Hor. S. 1, 3, 61; 1, 9, 44:

bene longinquos dolores,

Cic. Fin. 2, 29, 94:

sermonem bene longum,

id. Or. 2, 88, 361:

bene magna caterva,

id. Mur. 33, 69:

magna multitudo,

Hirt. B. Hisp. 4:

barbatus,

Cic. Cat. 2, 10, 22:

fidum pectus,

Hor. C. 2, 12, 15:

cautus,

Ov. H. 1, 44:

multa,

Ov. Tr. 1, 7, 15: multi, Pollio ap. Cic. Fam 10, 33, 4:

homo optime dives,

Sen. Vit. Beat. 23, 2.—

With advv.: bene saepe libenter, Enn. Ann. ap. Gell. 12, 4, 4 (Ann. v. 239 Vahl.); cf.:

bene libenter victitas,

Ter. Eun. 5, 8, 44:

bene mane haec scripsi,

Cic. Att. 4, 9, 2; 4, 10, 16:

bene penitus,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 70, § 169:

bene longe,

Hirt. B. Hisp. 25:

bene gnaviter,

Sen. Ot. Sap. 1 (28), 5.—With adverb. phrase:

siad te bene ante lucem venisset,

Cic. Or. 2, 64, 259.

bŏnus (old form dŭonus, Carm. Sall. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 26 Mull.; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 67 Mull.), a, um, adj. [for duonus, cf. bellum, bis, and cf. root dvi-; hence deidô, deos], good; comp. melior, us [cf. Gr. mala, mallon], better; sup. optimus ( optumus, ante-class. and often class.) [root opof ops, opes; cf. copia, apiscor], best.

Attributively.

As adjunct of nouns denoting persons.

Vir bonus.

A man morally good (kalos kagathos):

quoniam boni me viri pauperant, improbi alunt,

Plaut. Poen. 5, 4, 60:

omnibus virtutibus instructos et ornatos tum sapientes, tum viros bonos dicimus,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 10, 28:

ille vir bonus qui... intolerabili dolore lacerari potius quam aut officium prodat aut fidem,

id. Ac. 2, 8, 23:

sive vir bonus est is qui prodest quibus potest, nocet nemini, certe istum virum bonum non facile reperimus,

id. Off. 3, 15, 64:

qui se ita gerunt ut eorum probitas, fides, integritas, etc.... hos viros bonos... appellandos putemus,

id. Lael. 5, 19:

non intellegunt se de callido homine loqui, non de bono viro,

id. Att. 7, 2, 4:

ut quisque est vir optimus, ita difficillime esse alios improbos suspicatur,

id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 4, § 12:

nec enim melior vir fuit Africano quisquam, nec clarior,

id. Lael. 2, 6; id. Leg. 1, 14, 41; 1, 18, 48; id. Planc. 4, 9; id. Par. 3, 1, 21; id. Marcell. 6, 20; id. Fam. 7, 21; id. Off. 2, 16, 57.—

An honest man:

justitia, ex qua viri boni nominantur,

Cic. Off. 1, 7, 21; 1, 44, 155; 2, 11, 39; 2, 12, 42; 2, 20, 71;

3, 12, 50: cum is sponsionem fecisset ni vir bonus esset,

id. ib. 3, 19, 77:

quoniam Demosthenes nec vir bonus esset, nec bene meritus de civitate,

id. Opt. Gen. 7, 20; cf. id. Rosc. Am. 40, 116.—

A man of good standing in the community:

id viri boni arbitratu deducetur,

Cato, R. R. 143; so id. ib. 149:

tuam partem viri bono arbitratu... dari oportet,

Dig. 17, 1, [p. 244] 35;

37, 6, 2, § 2: quem voles virum bonum nominato,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 25, § 55:

vir bonus est... quo res sponsore, et quo causae teste tenentur,

Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 40.—Hence, ironically of wealthy men:

praetores jus dicunt, aediles ludos parant, viri boni usuras perscribunt,

Cic. Att. 9, 12, 3.—

Ironically of bad men:

sed eccum lenonem Lycum, bonum virum,

Plaut. Poen. 5, 5, 52; Ter. Eun. 5, 3, 9; 4, 3, 18; id. Ad. 3, 4, 30:

expectabam quinam isti viri boni testes hujus manifesto deprehensi veneni dicerentur,

Cic. Cael. 26, 63:

nam socer ejus, vir multum bonus est,

id. Agr. 3, 3, 13;

so especially in addresses (mostly comic.): age tu, illuc procede, bone vir!

Plaut. Capt. 5, 2, 1; id. Curc. 5, 2, 12; id. Ps. 4, 7, 48; id. Pers. 5, 2, 11; Ter. And. 3, 5, 10; 5, 2, 5; id. Ad. 4, 2, 17; id. Eun. 5, 2, 11:

quid tu, vir optime? Ecquid habes quod dicas?

Cic. Rosc. Am. 36, 104.—

Sometimes boni viri = boni, in the sense of optimates (v. I. A. 3.):

bonis viris quid juris reliquit tribunatus C. Gracchi?

Cic. Leg. 3, 9, 20.—

As a conventional courtesy:

homines optimi non intellegunt, etc.,

Cic. Fin. 1, 7, 25:

bone accusator,

id. Rosc. Am. 21, 58:

sic illum amicum vocasti, quomodo omnes candidatos bonos viros dicimus,

gentlemen, Sen. Ep. 3, 1.—For bonus vir, a good husband, v. 3.; and for vir optimus, as a laudatory epithet, v. 5.—

Boni homines (rare) = boni, better classes of society, v. II. A. 3:

in foro infimo boni homines atque dites ambulant,

Plaut. Curc. 4, 1, 14.—

With nouns denoting persons in regard to their functions, offices, occupations, and qualities, denoting excellence:

bonus consul,

Liv. 4, 40, 6; 22, 39, 2 (different: consules duos, bonos quidem, sed dumtaxat bonos, amisimus, consuls of good sentiments, almost = bad consuls, Cic. ad Brut. 1, 3, 4):

boni tribuni plebis,

Cic. Phil. 1, 10, 25:

bonus senator,

id. Prov. Cons. 15, 37:

senator bonus,

id. Dom. 4, 8:

bonus judex,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 15, § 34:

bonus augur (ironically),

id. Phil. 2, 32, 80:

bonus vates,

Plaut. Mil. 3, 3, 27:

bonus imperator,

Sall. C. 60, 4:

bonus dux,

Quint. 12, 1, 43 (cf. trop.:

naturam, optimam ducem,

the best guide, Cic. Sen. 2, 5):

bonus miles,

Sall. C. 60, 4; Sen. Vit. Beat. 15, 5:

bonus orator,

Cic. Fin. 1, 3, 10:

optimus orator,

id. Opt. Gen. 1, 3:

poeta bonus,

id. de Or. 1, 3, 11; 2, 46, 194; id. Fin. 1, 3, 10:

scriptor bonus,

Quint. 10, 1, 104:

bonus advocatus,

id. 5, 13, 10:

bonus defensor,

id. 5, 13, 3:

bonus altercator,

a good debater, id. 6, 4, 10:

bonus praeceptor,

id. 5, 13, 44; 10, 5, 22:

bonus gubernator,

Cic. Ac. 2, 31, 100:

optimus opifex,

Hor. S. 1, 3, 133:

sutor bonus,

id. ib. 1, 3, 125:

actor optimus,

Cic. Sest. 57, 122:

cantor optimus est modulator,

Hor. S. 1, 3, 130:

melior gladiator,

Ov. Tr. 4, 6, 33: agricola (colonus, dominus) bonus, Cato, R. R. prooem.; Cic. Sen. 16, 56:

bonus paterfamilias,

a thrifty head of the house, Nep. Att. 13, 1:

bonus servus,

Plaut. Trin. 4, 3, 58; id. Am. 2, 1, 46; id. Men. 5, 6, 1; Cic. Mil. 22, 58:

dominus bonus,

Cato, R. R. 14:

bonus custos,

Plaut. Truc. 4, 3, 38.—Ironically, Ter. Phorm. 2, 1, 57:

filius bonus,

Plaut. Am. 3, 4, 9:

patres,

Quint. 11, 3, 178:

parens,

id. 6, prooem. 4: bonus (melior, optimus), viz. a good husband, Cic. Inv. 1, 31, 51 sq.; Liv. 1, 9, 15:

uxor melior,

Cic. Inv. 1, 31, 52:

amicus,

id. Fam. 2, 15, 3:

amicus optimus,

Plaut. Cas. 3, 3, 18:

optimus testis,

Cic. Fam. 7, 27, 2:

auctor, in two senses,

good authority, id. Att. 5, 12, 3;

and = bonus scriptor (post-class.),

Quint. 10, 1, 74.—Esp.:

bonus civis (rarely civis bonus): in re publica ea velle quae tranquilla et honesta sint: talem enim solemus et sentire bonum civem et dicere, Cic.-Off. 1, 34, 124: eaque est summa ratio et sapientia boni civis, commoda civium non divellere, atque omnes aequitate eadem continere,

id. ib. 2, 23, 83:

eum esse civem et fidelem et bonum,

Plaut. Pers. 1, 2, 15; Cic. Fam. 2, 8, 2; 1, 9, 10; 3, 12, 1; 6, 6, 11; id. Off. 1, 44, 155; Liv. 22, 39, 3; Sall. H. Fragm. 1, 10 Dietsch:

optimus et fortissimus civis,

Cic. Fam. 12, 2, 3; id. Sest. 17, 39.—

Bonus and optimus as epithets of the gods.

In gen.:

sed te bonus Mercurius perdat,

Plaut. Cas. 2, 3, 23:

fata... bonique divi,

Hor. C. 4, 2, 38:

divis orte bonis,

id. ib. 4, 5, 1:

O bone deus!

Scrib. Comp. 84 fin.: BONORVM DEORVM, Inscr. ap. Cic. N. D. 3, 34, 84: totidem, pater optime, dixi, Tu mihi da cives, referring to Jupiter, Ov. M. 7, 627.—

Optimus Maximus, a standing epithet of Jupiter:

(Juppiter) a majoribus nostris Optimus Maximus (nominatur), et quidem ante optimus, id est beneficentissimus, quam Maximus,

Cic. N. D. 2, 25, 64:

Jovem optimum et maximum ob eas res appellant, non quod, etc.,

id. ib. 3, 36, 87:

in templo Jovis Optimi Maximi,

id. Sest. 56, 129; id. Prov. Cons. 9, 22:

nutu Jovis Optimi Maximi,

id. Cat. 3, 9, 21; Liv. 1, 12, 7; id. 6, 16, 2.—

Di boni, O di boni, expressing indignation, sorrow, or surprise:

di boni, hunc visitavi antidhac!

Plaut. Ep. 4, 1, 16:

di boni, boni quid porto!

Ter. And. 2, 2, 1:

di boni, quid hoc morbi est,

id. Eun. 2, 1, 19; id. Heaut. 2, 3, 13; id. Ad. 3, 3, 86:

alter, O di boni, quam taeter incedebat!

Cic. Sest. 8, 19; id. Brut. 84, 288; id. Phil. 2, 8, 20; 2, 32, 80; id. Att. 1, 16, 5; 14, 21, 2; Val. Max. 3, 5, 1; Sen. Vit. Beat. 2, 3.—

Bona Dea, etc., v. 6.—

Optimus as a laudatory epithet.

Vir optimus:

per vos nobis, per optimos viros optimis civibus periculum inferre conantur,

Cic. Sest. 1, 2:

virum optimum et constantissimum M. Cispium,

id. ib. 35, 76:

fratrem meum, virum optimum, fortissimum,

id. ib.:

consolabor hos praesentes, viros optimos,

id. Balb. 19, 44; id. Planc. 21, 51; 23, 55; id. Mil. 14, 38; id. Marcell. 4, 10; id. Att. 5, 1, 5; Hor. S. 1, 6, 53.—

Femina bona, optima:

tua conjunx bona femina,

Cic. Phil. 3, 6, 16:

hujus sanctissimae feminae atque optimae pater,

id. ib. —

Senex, pater, frater, etc.:

optimus: parentes ejus, prudentissimi atque optimi senis,

Cic. Planc. 41, 97:

insuevit pater optimus hoc me,

Hor. S. 1, 4, 105; 2, 1, 12:

C. Marcelli, fratris optimi,

Cic. Fam. 4, 7, 6; id. Q. Fr. 2, 6 (8), 2; 2, 4, 2.—

With proper names ( poet.):

optimus Vergilius,

Hor. S. 1, 6, 54:

Maecenas optimus,

id. ib. 1, 5, 27:

optime Quinti,

id. Ep. 1, 16, 1.—

Esp. as an epithet of the Roman emperors:

quid tam civile, tam senatorium quam illud, additum a nobis Optimi cognomen?

Plin. Pan. 2, 7:

gratias, inquit, ago, optime Princeps!

Sen. Tranq. 14. 4:

ex epistula optimi imperatoris Antonini,

Gai. Inst. 1, 102; cf.:

bene te patriae pater optime Caesar,

Ov. F. 2, 637:

optime Romulae Custos gentis,

Hor. C. 4, 5, 1.—

Bonus and Bona, names of deities.

Bona Dea, the goddess of Chastity, whose temple could not be entered by males (cf. Macr. S. 1, 12; Lact. 1, 22):

Bonae Deae pulvinaribus,

Cic. Pis. 39, 95; id. Mil. 31, 86; id. Fam. 1, 9, 15; cf.

in mal. part.,

Juv. 2, 86 sq.; 6, 314 sq.; 6, 335 sq.—

Bonus Eventus, Varr. R. R. 1, 1 med.; Amm. 29, 6, 19; Inscr. Orell. 907; 1780 sq.—

Bona Fortuna:

si bona Fortuna veniat, ne intromiseris,

Plaut. Aul. 1, 3, 22:

Bonae Fortunae (signum),

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 3, § 7:

FORTVNAE BONAE DOMESTICAE,

Inscr. Orell. 1743 sq. —

Bona Spes:

Spes Bona, obsecro, subventa mihi,

Plaut. Rud. 1, 4, 12:

BONAE SPEI,

Aug. Inscr. Grut. 1075, 1.—

BONA MENS, Inscr. Orell. 1818 sqq.:

Mens Bona, si qua dea es, tua me in sacraria dono,

Prop. 3, 24, 19.

With nouns denoting things.

Things concrete, denoting excellence:

navis bona dicitur non quae pretiosis coloribus picta est... sed stabilis et firma,

Sen. Ep. 76, 13:

gladium bonum dices, non cui auratus est balteus, etc., sed cui et ad secandum subtilis acies est, et, etc.,

id. ib. 76, 14:

id vinum erit lene et bono colore,

Cato, R. R. 109; Lucr. 2, 418; Ov. Am. 2, 7, 9:

tabulas... collocare in bono lumine,

Cic. Brut. 75, 261: ex quavis olea oleum... bonum fieri potest. Cato, R. R. 3:

per aestatem boves aquam bonam et liquidam bibant semper curato,

id. ib. 73; cf.:

bonae aquae, ironically compared to wine,

Prop. 2, 33 (3, 31), 28:

praedium bonum caelum habeat,

good temperature, Cato, R. R. 1:

bona tempestate,

in good weather, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 2, 4:

(praedium) solo bono valeat,

by good soil, Cato, R. R. 1:

bonae (aedes) cum curantur male,

Plaut. Most. 1, 2, 24:

villam bonam,

Cic. Off. 3, 13, 55:

bonus pons,

Cat. 17, 5:

scyphi optimi (= optime facti),

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 14, § 32:

perbona toreumata,

id. ib. 2, 4, 18, §

38: bona domicilia,

comfortable residences, id. N. D. 2, 37, 95:

agrum Meliorem nemo habet,

Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 12:

fundum meliorem,

Cic. Inv. 1, 31, 52: fundos optimos et fructuosissimos, id. Agr. 3, 4, 14:

equus melior,

id. Inv. 1, 31, 52:

bona cena,

Cat. 13, 3:

boni nummi,

good, not counterfeit, Plaut. As. 3, 3, 144; Cic. Off. 3, 23, 91:

super omnia vultus accessere boni,

good looks, Ov. M. 8, 678:

mulier bona forma,

of a fine form, Ter. Heaut. 3, 2, 13:

equus formae melioris,

Hor. S. 2, 7, 52:

tam bona cervix, simul ac jussero, demetur,

fine, beautiful, Suet. Calig. 33:

fruges bonae,

Cat. 34, 19:

ova suci melioris,

of better flavor, Hor. S. 2, 4, 13.— Trop.:

animus aequus optimum est aerumnae condimentum,

Plaut. Rud. 2, 3, 71: bona dextra, a lucky hand (cf.:

bonum omen, 2. e.),

Quint. 6, 3, 69:

scio te bona esse voce, ne clama nimis,

good, sound, loud voice, Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 43; so,

bona firmaque vox,

Quint. 11, 3, 13.—

Things abstract.

Of physical well-being:

ut si qui neget sine bona valetudine posse bene vivi,

Cic. Inv. 1, 51, 93; Sen. Vit. Beat. 22, 2; Lucr. 3, 102; Val. Max. 2, 5, 6; Quint. 10, 3, 26; 11, 2, 35 et saep.:

non bonus somnus de prandio est,

Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 8:

bona aetas,

prime of life, Cic. Sen. 14, 48:

optima aetate,

id. Fam. 10, 3, 3.—Ironically:

bona, inquis, aetate, etc.,

Sen. Ep. 76, 1.—

Of the mind and soul:

meliore esse sensu,

Cic. Sest. 21, 47:

optima indoles,

id. Fin. 5, 22, 61:

bona conscientia,

Quint. 6, 1, 33; 9, 2, 93; Sen. Vit. Beat. 20, 5:

bono ingenio me esse ornatam quam auro multo mavolo,

with a good heart, Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 91; id. Stich. 1, 21, 59; Sall. C. 10, 5:

mens melior,

Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 78; Cic. Phil. 3, 5, 13; Liv. 39, 16, 5; Sen. Ben. 1, 11, 4; id. Ep. 10, 4; Pers. 2, 8; Petr. 61.—Personified, Prop. 3 (4), 24, 19; Ov. Am. 1, 2, 31:

duos optimae indolis filios,

Val. Max. 5, 7, 2; Sen. Ben. 6, 16, 6; Quint. 1, 2, 5:

bonum consilium,

Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 6; id. Rud. 4, 3, 18; Cic. Off. 1, 33, 121:

bona voluntas,

a good purpose, Quint. 12, 11, 31:

memoria bona,

Cic. Att. 8, 4, 2:

bona ratio cum perdita... confligit,

id. Cat. 2, 11, 25:

bonae rationes,

Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 50:

pronuntiatio bona,

Auct. Her. 3, 15, 27.—

Of moral relations:

ego si bonam famam mihi servasso, sat ero dives,

Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 71; Cic. Sest. 66, 139; Liv. 6, 11, 7; Hor. S. 1, 2, 61 (cf. Cic. Att. 7, 26, 1;

v. e. infra): si ego in causa tam bona cessi tribuni plebis furori,

Cic. Sest. 16, 36; id. Planc. 36, 87; Ov. M. 5, 220:

fac, sis, bonae frugi sies,

of good, regular habits, Plaut. Curc. 4, 2, 35; id. Cas. 2, 4, 5; 2, 5, 19; id. Ps. 1, 5, 53; id. Truc. 1, 1, 13; id. Capt. 5, 2, 3 sq. (v. frux, II. B. 1. b.): vilicus disciplina bona utatur. Cato, R. R. 5:

bona studia,

moral pursuits, Auct. Her. 4, 17, 25:

quidquid vita meliore parasti,

Hor. S. 2, 3, 15: ad spem mortis melioris, an honorable death; so as an epithet of religious exercises:

Juppiter, te bonas preces precor,

Cato, R. R. 134; 139.—

Of external, artistic, and literary value and usefulness:

bono usui estis nulli,

Plaut. Curc. 4, 2, 15:

Optumo optume optumam operam das,

id. Am. 1, 1, 122:

bonam dedistis mihi operam,

a valuable service to me, id. Poen. 2, 3, 70; 3, 6, 11; id. Pers. 4, 7, 11; id. Rud. 3, 6, 11 (in a different sense: me bona opera aut mala Tibi inventurum esse auxilium argentarium, by fair or unfair means, id. Ps. 1, 1, 102;

v. e. infra): optima hereditas a patribus traditur liberis... gloria virtutis rerumque gestarum,

Cic. Off. 1, 33, 121:

bonum otium,

valuable leisure, Sall. C. 4, 1:

bonis versibus,

Cic. Ac. 2, 23, 74:

versus meliores,

Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 81:

meliora poemata,

Hor. A. P. 303:

in illa pro Ctesiphonte oratione longe optima,

Cic. Or. 8, 26:

optimas fabulas,

id. Off. 1, 31, 114:

melius munus,

id. Ac. 1, 2, 7.—

Favorable, prosperous, lucky, fortunate:

de Procilio rumores non boni,

unfavorable rumors, Cic. Att. 4, 16, 5:

bona de Domitio, praeclara de Afranio fama est,

about their success in the war, id. ib. 7, 26, 1:

si fuisset in discipulo comparando meliore fortuna,

id. Pis. 29, 71; cf.

fortuna optima esse,

to be in the best pecuniary circumstances, id. ad Brut. 1, 1, 2:

occasio tam bona,

Plaut. Most. 2, 2, 9:

senex est eo meliore condicione quam adulesoens cum, etc.,

Cic. Sen. 19, 68; id. Fam. 4, 32:

bona navigatio,

id. N. D. 3, 34, 83;

esp. in phrase bona spes.—Object.: ergo in iis adulescentibus bonam spem esse dicemus et magnam indolem quos, etc.,

Cic. Fin. 2, 35, 117.—Subject.:

ego sum spe bona,

Cic. Fam. 12, 28, 3; id. Cat. 2, 11, 25; [p. 245] id. Att. 14, 1 a, 3; id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 5, § 16:

optima spe,

id. Fam. 12, 11, 2.—Pregn., = spes bonarum rerum, Sall. C. 21, 1;

v. C. 1. c. infra: meliora responsa,

more favorable, Liv. 7, 21, 6:

melior interpretatio,

Tac. H. 3, 65:

cum laude et bonis recordationibus,

id. A. 4, 38:

amnis Doctus iter melius,

i. e. less injurious, Hor. A. P. 68:

omen bonum,

a good, lucky omen, Cic. Pis. 13, 31; cf.

Liv. praef. § 13: melius omen,

Ov. F. 1, 221;

optimum,

Cic. Fam. 3, 12, 2:

bona scaeva,

Plaut. Stich. 5, 2, 24:

auspicio optumo,

id. ib. 3, 2, 6; cf.:

memini bene, sed meliore Tempore dicam = opportuniore tempore,

Hor. S. 1, 9, 68.—

Of public affairs, si mihi bona re publica frui non licuerit, Cic. Mil. 34, 93:

optima res publica,

id. Or. 1, 1, 1; id. Phil. 1, 8, 19:

minus bonis temporibus,

id. Dom. 4, 8; so,

optimis temporibus,

id. Sest. 3, 6:

nostrae res meliore loco videbantur,

id. ad Brut. 1, 3, 1:

lex optima,

id. Pis. 16, 37; id. Sest. 64, 137; id. Phil, 1, 8, 19.—

Good = large, considerable:

bono atque amplo lucro,

Plaut. Am. prol. 6:

bona librorum copia,

Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 109; cf.:

bona copia cornu,

Ov. M. 9, 88; v. bona pars, C. 8. g.—

Noble; with genus, good family, noble extraction, honorable birth: quali me arbitraris genere prognatum? Eu. Bono, Plaut. Aul. 2, 2, 35; so id. Ep. 1, 2, 4; 2, 1, 3; id. Pers. 4, 4, 94:

si bono genere natus sit,

Auct. Her. 3, 7, 13.—

Referring to good-will, kindness, faithfulness, in certain phrases.

Bona venia or cum bona venia, with the kind permission of a person addressed, especially bona venia orare, expetere, etc.:

primum abs te hoc bona venia expeto,

Ter. Phorm. 2, 3, 31:

bona tua venia dixerim,

Cic. Leg. 3, 15, 34:

oravit bona venia Quirites, ne, etc.,

Liv. 7, 41, 3:

obsecro vos.. bona venia vestra liceat, etc.,

id. 6, 40, 10:

cum bona venia quaeso audiatis, etc.,

id. 29, 17, 6; Arn. c. Gent. 1, p. 5; cf.

. sed des veniam bonus oro = venia bona oro,

Hor. S. 2, 4, 5.—

Bona pax, without quarrelling:

bona pax sit potius,

let us have no quarrel about that, Plaut. Pers. 2, 2, 7;

so especially cum bona pace, or bona pace: Hannibal ad Alpis cum bona pace incolentium... pervenit,

without a difficulty with the inhabitants, Liv. 21, 32, 6; 21, 24, 5; 1, 24, 3; 28, 37, 4; 8, 15, 1; cf.: si bonam (pacem) dederitis, = a fair peace, under acceptable conditions, id. 8, 21, 4.—

Amicitia bona = bona fide servata, faithful, undisturbed friendship:

igitur amicitia Masinissae bona atque honesta nobis permansit,

Sall. J. 5, 5.—

Bona societas, alliance:

Segestes, memoria bonae societatis, impavidus,

Tac. A. 1, 58.

In particular phrases.

Bonae res.

= Vitae commoda, comforts of life, abstract or concrete:

concedatur bonis rebus homines morte privari,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 36, 87:

optimis rebus usus est,

he had every most desirable thing, Nep. Att. 18, 1.—

= Res secundae, opp. res adversae, prosperity:

bonis rebus tuis, meas irrides malas,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 45:

in bonis rebus,

Hor. C. 2, 3, 2. —

Res bona = res familiaris bona, wealth ( poet.): in re bona esse, Laber. ap. Gell. 10, 17, 4.—Also an object of value:

homines quibus mala abunde omnia erant, sed neque res neque spes bona ulla,

who had no property, nor the hope of any, Sall. C. 21, 1. —

Costly things, articles of luxury:

capere urbem in Arabia plenam bonarum rerum,

Plaut. Pers. 4, 3, 46; 4, 4, 82:

nimium rei bonae,

id. Stich. 2, 3, 55:

ignorantia bonarum rerum,

Nep. Ages. 8, 5 ' bonis rebus gaudere, Hor. S. 2, 6, 110:

re bona copiosum esse,

Gell. 16, 19, 7.—

Moral, morally good:

illi cum res non bonas tractent,

Cic. Ac. 2, 33, 72:

ut de virtutibus et vitiis, omninoque de bonis rebus et malis quaererent,

id. ib. 1, 4, 15:

quid habemus in rebus bonis et malis explorati?

id. ib. 2, 42, 129; so id. Or. 1, 10, 42; id. Leg. 1, 22, 58:

quae tamen omnia dulciora fuint et moribus bonis et artibus,

id. Sen. 18, 65.—

In literary composition, important or interesting matter, subjects, or questions:

res bonas verbis electis dictas quis non legat?

Cic. Fin. 1, 3, 8:

studiis generorum, praesertim in re bona,

Plaut. Am. 8, 26.—

Bonae artes.

A good, laudable way of dealing:

qui praeclari facinoris aut artis bonae famam quaerit,

Sall. C. 2, 9:

huic bonae artes desunt, dolis atque fallaciis contendit,

id. ib. 11, 2:

quod is bonarum artium cupiens erat,

Tac. A. 6, 46.—

Liberal arts and sciences:

litteris aut ulli bonae arti,

Quint. 12, 1, 7:

conservate civem bonarum artium, bonarum partium, bonorum virorum,

Cic. Sest. 32, 77. —Esp.:

optimae artes: optimarum artium scientia,

Cic. Fin. 1, 3, 4; id. Ac. 2, 1, 1; id. Cael. 10, 24; id. Marcell. 1, 4.—

Bona fides, or fides bona.

Good faith, i. e. conscious honesty in acts or words: qui nummos fide bona solvit, who pays (the price of labor) in good faith, i. e. as it is honestly earned, Cato, R. R. 14:

dic, bona fide, tu id aurum non subripuisti?

Plaut. Aul. 4, 10, 46; 4, 10, 47; id. Capt. 4, 2, 111; id. Most. 3, 1, 137; id. Poen. 1, 3, 30; id. Pers. 4, 3, 16; id. Ps. 4, 6, 33:

si tibi optima fide omnia concessit,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 49, 144; Quint. 10, 3, 23.—Hence, bonae fidei vir, a conscientious man, Quint. 10, 7, 1.—

Jurid. t. t.

Good faith in contracts and legal acts in general, opposed to dolus malus, honesty and fairness in dealing with another:

ad fidem bonam statuit pertinere, notum esse emptori vitium quod nosset venditor,

Cic. Off. 3, 16, 67.—Hence, alienam rem bona fide emere, to buy, believing the seller to be the rightful owner, Dig. 41, 3, 10; 41, 3, 13, § 1. bonae fidei possessor (also possessio), believing that he is the rightful owner, ib. 5, 3, 25, § 11; 5, 3, 22; 41, 3, 15, § 2;

41, 3, 24: conventio contra bonam fidem et mores bonos,

ib. 16, 31, § 7: bonam fidem praestare, to be responsible for one ' s good faith, ib. 17, 1, 10 prooem.—Hence,

Bonae fidei actiones or judicia, actions in equity, i. e. certain classes of actions in which the strict civil law was set aside by the praetorian edict in favor of equity:

actiones quaedam bonae fidei sunt, quaedam stricti juris. Bonae fidei sunt haec: exempto vendito, locato conducto, etc.,

Just. Inst. 4, 6, 28, § 19.—In the republican time the praetor added in such actions to his formula for the judex the words ex fide bona, or, in full:

quidquid dare facere oportet ex fide bona,

Cic. Off. 3, 16, 66:

iste dolus malus et legibus erat vindicatus, et sine lege, judiciis in quibus additur ex fide bona,

id. ib. 3, 15, 61; cf. id. ib. 3, 17, 70.—

Bona verba.

Kind words:

Bona verba quaeso,

Ter. And. 1, 2, 33.—

Words of good omen (v. omen):

dicamus bona verba,

Tib. 2, 2, 1:

dicite suffuso ter bona verba mero,

Ov. F. 2, 638.—

Elegant or well-chosen expressions:

quid est tam furiosum quam verborum vel optimorum atque ornatissimorum sonitus inanis,

Cic. Or. 1, 12, 51:

verborum bonorum cursu,

id. Brut. 66, 233:

omnia verba sunt alicubi optima,

Quint. 10, 1, 9.—

Moral sayings:

non est quod contemnas bona verba et bonis cogitationibus plena praecordia,

Sen. Vit. Beat. 20, 1. —

Bona dicta.

Polite, courteous language:

hoc petere me precario a vobis jussit leniter dictis bonis,

Plaut. Am. prol. 25.—

Witticisms ( bon-mots): flammam a sapiente facilius ore in ardente opprimi, quam bona dicta teneat, Enn. ap. Cic. Or. 2, 54, 222:

dico unum ridiculum dictum de dictis melioribus quibus solebam menstruales epulas ante adipiscier,

Plaut. Capt. 3, 1, 22:

ibo intro ad libros ut discam de dictis melioribus,

id. Stich. 2, 3, 75.—

Bona facta.

= bene facta (v. bene, I. B. 2. b.), laudable deeds:

nobilitas ambobus et majorum bona facta (sc. erant),

Tac. A. 3, 40.—

Bonum factum est, colloq., = bene est, bene factum est (v. bene, I. B. 2. b.):

bonum factum est, ut edicta servetis mea,

Plaut. Poen. prol. 16:

haec imperata quae sunt pro imperio histrico, bonum hercle factum (est) pro se quisque ut meminerit,

id. ib. 45.— Hence,

Elliptically, introducing commands which cannot be enforced, = if you will do so, it will be well:

peregrinis in senatum allectis, libellus propositus est: bonum factum, ne quis senatori novo curiam monstrare velit,

Suet. Caes. 80:

et Chaldaeos edicere: bonum factum, ne Vitellius... usquam esset,

id. Vit. 14:

hac die Carthaginem vici: bonum factum, in Capitolium eamus, et deos supplicemus,

Aur. Vict. 49; cf.:

o edictum, cui adscribi non poterit bonum factum,

Tert. Pud. 1.—

Bona gratia.

A friendly understanding:

cur non videmus inter nos haec potius cum bona Ut componantur gratia quam cum mala?

Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 17; so,

per gratiam bonam abire,

to part with good feelings, Plaut. Mil. 4, 3, 33.—In jest: sine bona gratia abire, of things cast away, Plaut Truc. 2, 7, 15.—

Pleon., in the phrase bonam gratiam habere, = gratiam habere, to thank (v. B. 2. k.), Plaut. Rud. 2, 5, 32; id. Bacch. 4, 8, 99.—

Bona pars.

The well-disposed part of a body of persons:

ut plerumque fit, major pars (i. e. of the senate) meliorem vicit,

Liv. 21, 4, 1:

pars melior senatus ad meliora responsa trahere,

id. 7, 21, 6.—

The good party, i. e. the optimates (gen. in plur.):

civem bonarum partium,

Cic. Sest. 32, 77:

(fuit) meliorum partium aliquando,

id. Cael. 6, 13:

qui sibi gratiam melioris partis velit quaesitam,

Liv. 2, 44, 3.—Paronom.: (Roscius) semper partium in re publica tam quam in scaena optimarum, i. e. party and part in a drama, Cic. Sest. 56, 120.—

Of things or persons, a considerable part (cf. a good deal):

bonam partem ad te adtulit,

Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 43:

bonam partem sermonis in hunc diem esse dilatam,

Cic. Or. 2, 3, 14:

bonam magnamque partem exercitus,

Val. Max. 5, 2, ext. 4:

bona pars noctium,

Quint. 12, 11, 19:

bona pars hominum,

Hor. S. 1, 1, 61:

meae vocis... bona pars,

id. C. 4, 2, 46; so id. A. P. 297; Ov. P. 1, 8, 74:

melior pars diei,

Verg. A. 9, 156.—

Rarely, and mostly eccl. Lat.: optima pars, the best part or lot:

nostri melior pars animus est,

Sen. Q. N. 1, prooem. § 14; cf.:

quae pars optima est in homine,

best, most valuable, Cic. Tusc. 5, 23, 67:

major pars aetatis, certe melior reipublicae data sit,

Sen. Brev. Vit. 18, 1:

Maria optimam partem elegit, quae non auferetur ab ea,

Vulg. Luc. 10, 42.—

Adverb.:

bonam partem = ex magna parte,

Lucr. 6, 1249.—

Aliquem in optimam partem cognoscere, to know somebody from his most favorable side, Cic. Off. 2, 13, 46: aliquid in optimam partem accipere, to take something in good part, interpret it most favorably:

Caesar mihi ignoscit quod non venerim, seseque in optimam partem id accipere dicit,

id. Att. 10, 3 a, 2; id. ad Brut. 1, 2, 3:

quaeso ut hoc in bonam partem accipias,

id. Rosc. Am. 16, 45.—

Dies bonus or bona.

A day of good omen, a fortunate day (= dies laetus, faustus):

tum tu igitur die bono, Aphrodisiis, addice, etc.,

Plaut. Poen. 2, 49:

nunc dicenda bona sunt bona verba die,

Ov. F. 1, 72.—

A beautiful, serene day, Sen. Vit. Beat. 22, 3.—

Bonus mos.

Boni mores, referring to individuals, good, decent, moral habits:

nihil est amabilius quam morum similitudo bonorum,

Cic. Off. 1, 17, 56:

nam hic nimium morbus mores invasit bonos,

Plaut. Trin. 1, 1, 6:

domi militiaeque boni mores colebantur,

Sall. C. 9, 1:

propter ejus suavissimos et optimos mores,

Cic. Phil. 3, 5, 13:

cum per tot annos matronae optimis moribus vixerint,

Liv. 34, 6, 9:

mores meliores,

Plaut. Aul. 3, 5, 18.—

Bonus mos or boni mores, in the abstract, morality, the laws, rules of morality: ei vos morigerari mos bonu'st, it is a rule of morality that you should, etc., Plaut. Capt. 2, 1, 4:

ex optimo more et sanctissima disciplina,

Cic. Phil. 2, 28, 69:

neglegentia boni moris,

Sen. Ep. 97, 1.—Jurid. t. t.:

conventio, mandatum contra bonos mores,

in conflict with morality, Quint. 3, 1, 57; Dig. 16, 3, 1, § 7; Gai. Inst. 3, 157 et saep. —

Adverbial phrases.

Bono animo esse, or bonum animum habere.

To be of good cheer or courage:

bono animo es! Liberabit ille te homo,

Plaut. Merc 3, 1, 33; so id. Aul. 4, 10, 61; id. Mil. 4, 8, 32; id. Rud. 3, 3, 17; Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 4; id. Heaut. 4, 6, 18; id. Ad. 2, 4, 20; 3, 5, 1; 4, 2, 4; 4, 5, 62; id. Phorm. 5, 8, 72:

animo bono es,

Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 103; id. Am. 2, 2, 48; 5, 2, 1:

bono animo es, inquit Scrofa, et fiscinam expedi,

Varr. R. R. 1, 26:

bono animo sint et tui et mei familiares,

Cic. Fam. 6, 18, 1; 6, 10, 29:

bono animo esse jubere eam consul,

Liv. 39, 13, 7:

habe modo bonum animum,

Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 58; so id. Am. 1, 3, 47; id. Truc. 2, 6, 44; id. Aul. 2, 2, 15:

habe animum bonum,

id. Cas. 2, 6, 35; id. Ep. 2, 2, 1; 4, 2, 31:

bonum animum habe,

Liv. 45, 8, 5:

clamor ortus ut bonum animum haberet,

id. 8, 32, 1; so Sen. Ep. 87, 38.—

Bono animo esse, or facere aliquid, to be of a good or friendly disposition, or to do with good, honest intentions:

audire jubet vos imperator histricus, bonoque ut animo sedeant in subselliis qui, etc.,

Plaut. Poen. prol. 5: sunt enim (consules) [p. 246] optimo animo, summo consilio, of the best disposition, Cic. Phil. 3, 1, 2:

bono te animo tum populus Romanus... dicere existimavit ea quae sentiebatis, sed, etc.,

id. Imp. Pomp. 19, 56:

quod nondum bono animo in populum Romanum viderentur,

Caes. B. G. 1, 6; Quint. 7, 4, 15.—

Bonus animus, good temper, patience:

bonus animus in mala re dimidium mali est,

Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 37:

vos etiam hoc animo meliore feratis,

Ov. M. 9, 433.—

Bono modo.

= placide, with composure, moderation:

si quis quid deliquerit, pro noxa bono modo vindicet,

Cato, R. R. 5:

haec tibi tam sunt defendenda quam moenia, mihi autem bono modo, tantum quantum videbitur,

Cic. Ac. 2, 44, 137.—

In a decent manner:

neu quisquam prohibeto filium quin amet... quod bono fiat modo,

Plaut. Merc. 5, 4, 62. —

Jure optimo or optimo jure, with good, perfect right:

te ipse jure optumo incuses licet,

Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 23; id. Rud. 2, 6, 53:

ut jure optimo me deserere posses,

Cic. Fam. 3, 8, 6; Sen. Ot. Sap. 2 (29), 2.—With pass. or intr. verb, deservedly:

ne jure optimo irrideamur,

Cic. Off. 1, 31, 111; cf. id. ib. 1, 42, 151; id. Marcell. 1, 4;

similarly, optimo judicio,

Val. Max. 2, 9, 2.

As subst.

bŏnus, boni, m.; of persons.

In sing. or plur. orig. = bonus vir, boni viri; v. I. A. 1. a. b, supra, a morally good man.

Plur.:

bonis quod bene fit haud perit,

Plaut. Rud. 4, 3, 2; id. Capt. 2, 2, 108; id. Trin. 2, 1, 55; id. Pers. 4, 5, 2:

melius apud bonos quam apud fortunatos beneficium collocari puto,

Cic. Off. 2, 20, 71:

verum esse ut bonos boni diligant, quamobrem... bonis inter bonos quasi necessariam (esse) benevolentiam,

id. Lael. 14, 50:

diverso itinere malos a bonis loca taetra... habere,

Sall. C. 52, 13; 7, 2; 52, 22:

oderunt peccare boni virtutis amore,

Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 52:

tam bonis quam malis conduntur urbes,

Sen. Ben. 4, 28, 4; so id. Vit. Beat. 15, 6; Quint. 9, 2, 76.—Rarely bŏnae, arum, f., good women:

quia omnes bonos bonasque adcurare addecet, etc.,

Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 41.—

Sing.:

malus bonum malum esse volt ut sit sui similis,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 8:

nec enim cuique bono mali quidquam evenire potest,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 41, 99; cf.:

qui meliorem audax vocet in jus,

Hor. S. 2, 5, 29.—

Bonus, a man of honor.

A brave man:

pro qua (patria) quis bonus dubitet mortem oppetere si ei sit profuturus?

Cic. Off. 1, 17, 57:

libertatem quam nemo bonus nisi cum anima simul amittat,

Sall. C. 33, 5:

fortes creantur fortibus et bonis,

Hor. C. 4, 4, 29 (opp. ignavi):

fama impari boni atque ignavi erant,

Sall. J. 57, 6; 53, 8; id. C. 11, 2. —

A gentleman:

quis enim umquam, qui paululum modo bonorum consuetudinem nosset, litteras ad se ab amico missas... in medium protulit?

Cic. Phil. 2, 4, 7.—

Boni, the better (i. e. higher) classes of society.

In gen. (of political sentiments, = optimates, opp. populares, seditiosi, perditi cives, etc.;

so usu. in Cic.): meam causam omnes boni proprie enixeque susceperant,

Cic. Sest. 16, 38:

audaces homines et perditi nutu impelluntur... boni, nescio quomodo, tardiores sunt, etc.,

id. ib. 47, 100:

ego Kal. Jan. senatum et bonos omnes legis agrariae... metu liberavi,

id. Pis. 2, 4:

etenim omnes boni, quantum in ipsis fuit, Caesarem occiderunt,

id. Phil. 2, 13, 29; id. Fam. 5, 2, 8; 5, 21, 2; id. Sest. 2, 5; 16, 36; 48, 103; id. Planc. 35, 86; id. Mil. 2, 5; id. Off. 2. 12, 43:

maledictis increpat omnes bonos,

Sall. C. 21, 4; 19, 2; 33, 3; Hirt. B. G. 8, 22; so,

optimi,

Cic. Leg. 3, 17, 37; and, ironically, boni identified with the rich:

bonorum, id est lautorum et locupletum,

id. Att. 8, 1, 3.—