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41 arise
• saada alkunsa• nousta• ilmaantua• ilmetä• ilmestyä• johtua• seurata• aiheutua• aloittaa• alkaa• kehittyä• kehkeytyä• kohota• sukeutua• syntyä• tapahtua* * *past tense - arose; verb1) (to come into being: These problems have arisen as a result of your carelessness; Are there any matters arising from our earlier discussion?) syntyä2) (to get up or stand up.) nousta -
42 arise
past tense - arose; verb1) (to come into being: These problems have arisen as a result of your carelessness; Are there any matters arising from our earlier discussion?) rasties; izcelties2) (to get up or stand up.) celties; piecelties; uzcelties* * *rasties, izcelties; uzcelties, piecelties, celties, parādīties -
43 arise
past tense - arose; verb1) (to come into being: These problems have arisen as a result of your carelessness; Are there any matters arising from our earlier discussion?) (iš)kilti, pasirodyti2) (to get up or stand up.) atsistoti -
44 arise
v. vakna; ställa sig upp; framträda* * *past tense - arose; verb1) (to come into being: These problems have arisen as a result of your carelessness; Are there any matters arising from our earlier discussion?) uppstå, uppkomma2) (to get up or stand up.) stiga (stå) upp -
45 arise
past tense - arose; verb1) (to come into being: These problems have arisen as a result of your carelessness; Are there any matters arising from our earlier discussion?) vyvstat, vynořit se2) (to get up or stand up.) povstat, vstát* * *• vzniknout• vznikat• vyplývat• vyvstávat• vyskytnout se• stát se -
46 arise
past tense - arose; verb1) (to come into being: These problems have arisen as a result of your carelessness; Are there any matters arising from our earlier discussion?) vzniknúť2) (to get up or stand up.) vstať, povstať* * *• vzniknút• vyplynút -
47 arise
past tense - arose; verb1) (to come into being: These problems have arisen as a result of your carelessness; Are there any matters arising from our earlier discussion?) a apărea, a surveni2) (to get up or stand up.) a se ridica -
48 arise
past tense - arose; verb1) (to come into being: These problems have arisen as a result of your carelessness; Are there any matters arising from our earlier discussion?) προκύπτω2) (to get up or stand up.) σηκώνομαι -
49 ar
-
50 begun
Синонимический ряд:1. instituted (adj.) established; initiated; instigated; instituted; launched; opened; originated; proposed; started2. commenced (verb) approached; arisen; commenced; embarked; embarked on; embarked upon; entered; got off or gotten off; inaugurated; initiated; jumped off; kicked off; launched; led off; opened; originated; set out; set to; started; take on; take up; taken up; teed off; undertaken -
51 derived from
Синонимический ряд:sprang or sprung/sprung (verb) arose/arisen; came from/come from; emanated; flowed; headed; issued; originated; proceeded; rose/risen; sprang or sprung/sprung; stemmed -
52 emanated
Синонимический ряд:sprang or sprung/sprung (verb) arose; arose/arisen; came; came from/come from; derived; derived from; flowed; headed; issued; originated; proceeded; rose; rose/risen; sprang; sprang or sprung/sprung; stemmed -
53 arise
past tense - arose; verb1) (to come into being: These problems have arisen as a result of your carelessness; Are there any matters arising from our earlier discussion?) survenir2) (to get up or stand up.) se lever -
54 arise
past tense - arose; verb1) (to come into being: These problems have arisen as a result of your carelessness; Are there any matters arising from our earlier discussion?) surgir2) (to get up or stand up.) levantar-se -
55 κάλχη
Grammatical information: f.Meaning: `murex, purple flower, Chrysanthemum coronarium' (Alcm., Nic., Str.), metaph. as building term `rosette of a capital' (Att., hell., inscr.).Derivatives: - Denomin. verb καλχαίνω, prop. in med. `be purple' (Nic. Th. 641), metaphor. trans. `ponder deeply' ( ἔπος, S. Ant. 20), intr. `be unquiet, excited' (E. Herakl. 40), `long for' (Lyc. 1457).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: - The meaning `ponder, be excited', may have arisen after πορφύρα: πορφύρω, which were connected with each other. The comparison with OE gealg `sad, dark' (Holthausen IF 20, 322; WP. 1, 540) is unnecessary. - Whether also the name of the seer Κάλχας as "the toiler" belongs here (Carnoy Les ét. class. 24, 102), is quite uncertain. On Κάλχας, - αντος and Καλχᾱ-δών also Kretschmer Glotta 14, 100. Loan of unknown origin (Kretschmer Einleitung 167 n. 3).Page in Frisk: 1,769Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κάλχη
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56 κλύζω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `wash (away), clean', pass. (intr.) `wash, surge, drench'.Other forms: ipf. iter. κλύζεσκον (Ψ 61), aor. pass. κλυσθῆναι (Il.), fut. κλύσ(σ)ω (h. Ap. 75, Pi.), aor. act. κλύσαι (IA.), perf. κέκλυκα, κέκλυσμαι (Att.),Derivatives: κλύσις `washing' (Hp.), mostly of the prefixed verbs ἐπίκλυσις etc. (IA.); κλύσμα (also κατάκλυσμα a. o.) `fluidity, with which something is washed, clystier', also `surge, shore' (IA.), with κλυσμάτιον, - ματικός (Hp.); ( ἐπι-, κατα- etc.) κλυσμός `inundation etc.' (IA.); κλυστήρ, - ῆρος m. `clystier-pipe' (Hdt.) with - τήριον, - τηρίδιον. - Further σύγ-κλυ-ς, - δος `washed together, thrown-' (Th., Pl.), κλύ-δ-α acc. sg. `beating of the waves' (Nic. Al. 170; archaising innoavtion?), κλύ-δ-ων, - ωνος m. `waving, surf, turmoil' (μ 421) with κλυδώνιον (A., E.), κλυδων-ίζομαι `be thrown around by the waves' (LXX, J.) with κλυδωνισμός (Hdn.), - ισμα (Suid.). - Expressive enlargement ( ἐγ-, συγ-)κλυδάζομαι `splash etc.' (Hp.; - άττομαι D. L.) with κλυδασμός, ( ἐγ)κλύδαξις, ἐγκλυδαστικός (Hp.); details in Debrunner IF 21, 221f. - Also κλυδάω, of σταῖς, πηλός, `being (made) wet, soft, be mouldable' (Arist.), prob. after φλυδάω.Origin: IE [Indo-European] [607] *ḱlō-, ḱlū- (= *ḱluH-?) `wash, purify'Etymology: The formation as the sound-like βλύζω, φλύζω, the present κλύζω stands close to the nominale δ-forms κλύ-δ-α, κλύ-δ-ων; from *κλυ-δ-ι̯ω or arisen as denominative yot-present (z. B. Schwyzer 715f.) or an independent enlargement in - ζω (with κλύ-δ-ων etc. as backformations), can hardly be decided. An IE. d-enlargement is present in Germanic, e. g. Goth. hlutrs, NHG lauter (IE. *ḱlū-d-ro-); without -d- Welsh clir `hell, clear, pure' (IE. *ḱlū-ro-). A dentalless primary verb seems to be OLat. cluō `purgo' (only Plin. 15, 119; cf. W.-Hofmann s. v.) and is supposed by clo(v)āca `subterranean discharge canal'; further, with diff. ablaut, Lith. šlúoju, šlúoti `weap, wipe' (IE. *ḱlō[u]-). - More forms Pok. 607, W.-Hofmann s. cluō. (On Oldeurop. river names (* Cluentus in Cluentensis vicus a. o.) Krahe Beitr. z. Namenforschung 5, 113f.)Page in Frisk: 1,876-877Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κλύζω
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57 μάχομαι
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `do battle' (Il.).Other forms: ep. also μαχέομαι ( μαχειόμενος, μαχεούμενον metr. lengthening), aor. μαχέσ(σ)ασθαι (Il.), μαχήσασθαι (D. S., Paus.), μαχεσθῆναι (Plu., Paus.), fut. μαχήσομαι (ep. Ion.), μαχέσ(σ)ομαι (Ion. a. late), μαχέομαι (Β 366), μαχοῦμαι (Att.; μαχεῖται Υ 26), perf. μεμάχημαι (Att.),Compounds: Often with prefix, e.g. δια-, συν-, ἀπο- (on ἀμφι μάχομαι Bolling AmJPh 81, 77ff.). As s. member in synthetic paroxytona like μονο-μάχ-ος `battling alone' (A., E.), m. `gladiator' (Str.), with μονομαχ-έω, - ία etc., ναυ-μάχ-ος `battling on sea' (AP; but ναύ-μαχος from μάχη, s. below).Derivatives: μάχη `battle' (Il.; on the meaning etc. Porzig Satzinhalte 233, Trümpy Fachausdrücke 135 f.); as 2. member e.g. in ἄ-, πρό-, σύμ-, ναύ-, ἱππό-μαχος with derivv. like προμαχ-ίζω, συμμαχ-έω, ναυμαχ-έω, - ία. Derivv. 1. μαχη-τής m. `battler' (Hom., LXX), Dor. μαχατάς (P.; H. μαχάταρ ἀντίπαλος), Aeol. μαχαίτας (Alk. Z 27, 5; hyperaeol.?), also derived from μάχομαι; Trümpy 128. 2. μάχ-ιμος `warlike, soldier of an Egyptian tribe' (IA.; after ἄλκιμος, Arbenz 42) with μαχιμικός `after the μάχιμοι' (pap.). 3. Μαχάων m. PN (Aeol. ep.), Ion. - έων, with Dor. Μαχαν-ίδας (Fraenkel Nom. ag. 1, 207f., v. Wilamowitz Glaube 2, 228). -- From μάχομαι also μαχ-ήμων `martial' (Μ 247, AP) and μαχ-ητός `controllable' (μ 119; Ammann Μνήμης χάριν 1, 14), ἀ-, περι-μάχ-ητος (Att.), μαχ-ητικός `prepared to fight' (Pl., Arist.; Chantraine Études 137); cf. μαχ-ήσομαι, με-μάχ-ημαι and Fraenkel 2, 79. -- Can be connected both with the noun as with the verb: -μάχᾱς, e.g. ἀπειρο-μάχᾱς `unexperienced in battle' (Pi.), λεοντο-μάχᾱς `fighting with a lion' (Theoc.); cf. Schwyzer 451.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin](X)Etymology: Beside the thematic root-present μάχομαι there is the isolated by-form μαχέομαι, prob. rather after μαχήσομαι (cf. below) than as denominative of μάχη (cf. Schwyzer 721 and Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 351). With μαχήσομαι: ἐμαχό-μην compare cases like ἀπ-εχθήσομαι: ἀπ-εχθόμην, μαθήσομαι: ἔμαθον, γενήσομαι: ἐγενόμην (Schwyzer 782). One is therefore prepared to see in ἐμαχόμην (to which μάχομαι was made) an original aorist, with which would agree, that the aorist in Hom. "auffallend selten gebraucht ist" (Trümpy Fachausdrücke 260 n. 333). When μαχεσθαι was reinterpreted as present a new aorist (after κοτέσσασθαι a. o.) μαχέσ-(σ)ασθαι would have arisen. After the type τελέσ(σ)αι: fut. τελῶ arose to μαχέσ(σ)ασθαι the new fut. μαχοῦμαι. -- In the field of fighting and battle old inherited expressions are hardly to be expected. The connection with a supposed Iran. PN * ha-mazan- prop. *"warrior" in Άμαζών (s. v.), with which also ἁμαζακάραν πολεμεῖν. Πέρσαι, ἁμαζανίδες αἱ μηλέαι H. is as original as uncertain. Within Greek it is formally possible, to connect μάχομαι with μάχαιρα and further with μῆχαρ, μηχανή (Fick BB 26, 230), which Chantr. rightly calls improbable; cf. esp. χειρο-μάχα f. (scil. ἑταιρεία) name of the workers party in Miletos after Plu. 2, 298 c; new attempt, to find a semantic basis for the connection in Trümpy 127 f. Diff. proposals in Bq and W.-Hofmann s. mactus, mactō. - The isolated root will rather be Pre-Greek.Page in Frisk: 2,187-188Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > μάχομαι
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58 σκίμπτομαι
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `to throw, to sling, to throw oneself down, to fall down, to uphold (oneself)' (Call. POxy. 2080, 49 [σ]κιμπ[τόμενο]ν H., also act. σκίμπτει); κίμψαντες ἐρείσαντες, στηρίξαντες H. Details in Solmsen Wortforsch. 206f.; s. also Bechtel Dial.3, 331 (partly diff.).Other forms: Aor. σκίμψασθαι (Pi.), pass. σκιμφθῆναι (Hp.), perf. pass. ἀπ-εσκίμφθαι (Pi.), mostly with ἐν(ι)-: ἐν(ι)-σκίμψαι (P 437, Pi., A. R., Nic.), - σκιμφθῆναι (Π 612 = Ρ 528).Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: Ep. poet. verb, reminding on the one hand of σκήπτω (- ομαι), on the other of χρίμπτω (- ομαι); cf. Nic. Th. 336 ἐνι-σκίμψῃ with vv. ll. - χρίμψῃ and - σκήψῃ), perh. arisen from cross of both (vgl. Güntert Reimwortbildungen 29). Usually connceted with σκίπων (s. v.).Page in Frisk: 2,732Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > σκίμπτομαι
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59 στείχω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `to march in (in order), to march, to rise, to draw, to go' (ep. Ion. poet. Il., also Aeol. prose).Other forms: ( στίχω Hdt. 3, 14; coni. Dind. in S. Ant. 1129 ex H.), aor. 2. στιχεῖν (aor. 1. περί-στειξας δ 277).Compounds: Often w. prefix, e.g. ἀπο-, δια-, ἐπι-, προσ-. As 2. element e.g. in μονό-στιχος `consisting of one verse' (Plu.), e.g. τρί-στοιχος `consisting of three rows' (μ 91), - εί adv. `in three rows' ( 473), μετα-στοιχεί meaning unclear (Ψ 358 a. 757); σύ-στοιχος `belonging to the same row, coordinated, corresponding' (Arist. etc.).Derivatives: From it, prob. as deverbative, but also related to στίχες (Leumann Hom. Wörter 185 f.), στιχάομαι, also w. περι-, συν-, `id.' in 3. pl. ipf. ἐστιχόωντο (Il., Theoc., Nonn.), pres. στιχόωνται (Orph.), act. στιχόωσι, ptc. n. pl. - όωντα (hell. a. late ep.); ὁμοστιχάει 3. sg. pres. `escorted' (Ο 635: *ὁμό-στιχος or for ὁμοῦ στ.?). -- Nouns. A. στίχ-ες pl., gen. sg. στιχ-ός f. `rank(s), file(s)', esp. of soldiers, `battle-array, line of battle' (ep. poet. Il.). -- B. στίχος m. `file, rank', of soldiers, trees, etc., often of words `line' in verse and prose (Att. etc.). στιχ-άς f. `id.' only in dat. pl. στιχάδεσσι ( Epigr.). Dim. - ίδιον (Plu.); - άριον `coat, tightly fitting garment' (pap.). Adj. - ινος, - ικός, - ήρης, - ηρός, adv. - ηδόν (late). Vb - ίζω `to arrange in rows' (LXX; v. l. στοιχ-) with - ιστής. - ισμός (Tz.), περι- στείχω = περιστοιχίζω (s.bel.; A.). -- C. στοῖχος m. `file or column of soldiers, choir members, ships etc., layer of building stones, row of trees, poles etc.' (IA.). From this στοιχ-άς f. `arranged in rows' ( ἐλᾶαι, Sol. ap. Poll. a.o.), - άδες ( νῆσοι) name of a group of islands near Massilia (A. R. a.o.); from this the plantname στοιχάς (Orph., Dsc.) after Strömberg 127 (with Dsc.), with - αδίτης οἶνος `wine spiced with s.' (Dsc.). Cultnames of Zeus resp. Athena: - αῖος (Thera), - αδεύς (Sikyon), - εία (Epid.) referring to the arrangement in phylai. Further adj. - ιαῖος `measuring one row' (Att. inscr.), - ικός (late); adv. - ηδόν (Arist. etc.), - ηδίς (Theognost.) `line by line'. Verbs: 1. στοιχ-έω (because of the meaning hardly deverbative with Schwyzer 720), also w. περι-, συν- a. o., `to form a row, to stand in file and rank, to match, to agree, to be content, to follow' (X., Att. inscr., Arist. hell. a. late); - ούντως `matching, consequent' (Galatia, Aug. time). 2. - ίζω, often w. περι-, also δια-, κατα-, `to arrange in a line, to order' (A. Pr. 484 a. 232, X. a.o.) with - ισμός (Poll.); περι- στείχω `to fence in all around with nets (net-poles), to ensnare' (D., Plb. etc.). -- D. στοιχεῖον, often pl. - εῖα n. `letters in freestanding, alphabetical form' (beside γράμματα `character, script'), also (arisen from this?) `lines, (systematic) dogmas, principles, (physical) element' (Pl., Arist. etc.), `heavenly bodies, elementary spirits, nature demons, magic means' (late a. Byz.); also `shadow-line' as time-measure (Att. com.; cf. σκιὰ ἀντίστοιχος E. Andr. 745) a.o.; prop. "object related to a row, entering a row, forming a part of a whole, member of a row" (on the formation cf. σημεῖον, μνημεῖον, ἐλεγεῖον a.o.); on the development of the meaning which is in many ways unclear Burkert Phil. 103, 167 ff. w. further extensive lit., esp. Diels Elementum (1899). Diff. Lagercrantz (s. Bq); to be rejected. - From it στοιχει-ώδης `belonging to the στοιχεῖα, elementary' (Arist. etc.), of barley `in several rows' as opposed to ἄ-στοιχος πυρός (Thphr.), so either = στοιχ-ώδης or miswritten for it. Denom. verb. στοιχει-όω `to introduce to the principles' (Chrysipp. a.o.), `to equip with magical powers, to charm' (Byz.; cf. Blum Eranos 44, 315ff.) with - ωσις, - ωμα, - ωτής, - ωτικός (Epicur., Phld. a.o.), - ωματικός (Ps.-Ptol.); cf. on this Mugler Dict. géom. 380 f.Etymology: Old inherited group with several representatives also in other idg. languages. The full grade thematic present στείχω agrees exactly to Germ. and Celtic forms, e.g. Goth. steigan ` steigen', OIr. tiagu `stride, go', IE *stéighō. Beside it Skt. has a zero grade nasal present stigh-no-ti `rise'; similar, inmeaning deviant, OCS po-stignǫ `get in, reach, hit' (length of the stemvowel secondary). A deviant meaning is also shown by the full grade yot-present Lit. steig-iù, inf. steĩg-ti `found, raise', also (obsolete) `hurry'; on this Fraenkel s. v. -- Further several nouns, esp. in Germ.: OHG steg m. ` Steg, small bridge', OWNo. stig n. `step' from PGm. * stiga-z, -n, IE * stigh-o-s (= στίχος), - o-m; OE stige -n. `going up, down' (i-stem from older rootnoun = στίχ-ες?). With oi-ablaut Alb. shtek `transit, entrance, road, hair-parting' (= στοῖχος), thus Goth. staiga, OHG steiga f. `mountain-path, road', Latv. staiga f. `course', cf. Lith. adv. staigà `suddenly' (would be Gr. *στοιχή) etc., s. WP. 2, 614 f., Pok. 1017 f., also W.-Hofmann s. vestīgium w. further forms a. lit.Page in Frisk: 2,783-785Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > στείχω
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60 arise
(a) (appear, happen) survenir, se présenter;∎ literary there arose a great cheer des acclamations se firent entendre;∎ if complications should arise si des complications survenaient;∎ a doubt arose in his mind un doute est apparu dans son esprit;∎ if the need arises en cas de besoin;∎ if the occasion arises si l'occasion se présente∎ a problem that arises from this decision un problème qui résulte ou découle de cette décision;∎ matters arising from the last meeting des questions soulevées lors de la dernière réunion∎ arise, Sir John! (in knighthood ceremony) relevez-vous, Sir John;∎ to arise from the dead ressusciter (des morts)
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