ad+id+locorum

dis-jungo or dījungo, xi, ctum, 3, v. a., to disjoin, disunite, separate, opp. to [p. 591] conjungo (freq. and class.).

Lit.

Esp., to unyoke draught cattle:

asinum, bovem ab opere,

Varr. R. R. 2, 6, 4; Col. 2, 3, 1; Plin. 18, 27, 67, § 251:

bovem opere,

Col. 6, 15, 2;

and simply bovem,

id. 6, 14 fin.; Cic. Div. 2, 36 fin.; Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 28; Ov. M. 14, 648 al.—

To wean sucklings:

agnos a mamma,

Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 20; 2, 7, 12 al.—

In gen., to divide, separate, part, remove.

With acc. only, Plaut. Mil. 4, 8, 18:

intervallo locorum et temporum dijuncti sumus,

Cic. Fam. 1, 7:

quod (flumen) Jugurthae Bocchique regnum disjungebat,

Sall. J. 92, 5 et saep.—

With ab:

nisi (fons) munitione ac mole lapidum disjunctus esset a mari,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 53:

qua in parte Cappadocia ab Armenia disjungitur,

Sall. H. Fragm. IV. 20 ed. Gerl. (ap. Non. 535, 17); Liv. 42, 59.—

With simple abl.: Italis longe disjungimur oris, * Verg. A. 1, 252.—

With inter se, Lucr. 3, 803.—

Trop., to separate, part, divide (esp. freq. in Cic.).

With acc. only (very rarely):

sin eos (oratorem et philosophum) disjungent, hoc erunt inferiores, etc.,

Cic. de Or. 3, 35 fin.; id. Rep. 2, 37.—

With ab:

ea res disiunxit illum ab illa,

Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 86; cf.:

eos a colonis,

Cic. Sull. 21:

populum a senatu,

id. Lael. 12, 41:

Pompeium a Caesaris amicitia,

id. Phil. 2, 9 fin.:

me ab orationibus,

id. Fam. 1, 9, 23 Orell. N. cr.:

nos a corporibus (shortly before, sevocare, avocare, and secernere animum a corpore),

id. Tusc. 1, 31:

pastionem a cultura,

Varr. R. R. 1, 2, 22; cf. ib. 1, 3:

honesta a commodis (opp. commiscere),

Cic. N. D. 1, 7, 16:

artem a scientia,

Quint. 2, 15, 2:

veterem amicitiam sibi ab Romanis,

Liv. 42, 46, 6 et saep.—Hence, disjunctus, a, um, P. a., separate, distinct; distant, remote.—With ab or absol.

Lit.:

Aetolia procul a barbaris disjuncta gentibus,

Cic. Pis. 37, 91; cf.:

in locis disjunctissimis maximeque diversis,

id. de Imp. Pomp. 4.—

Trop.

In gen., apart, different, remote.

With ab:

vita maxime disjuncta a cupiditate et cum officio conjuncta,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 14, 39:

homines Graecos, longe a nostrorum hominum gravitate disjunctos,

id. Sest. 67, 141:

mores Caelii longissime a tanti sceleris atrocitate disjuncti,

id. Cael. 22; cf. id. de Or. 1, 3 fin.; id. Pis. 1, 3; cf. in comp.:

nihil est ab ea cogitatione dijunctius,

id. Ac. 2, 20 fin. et saep.—

Absol.:

neque disjuncti doctores, sed iidem erant vivendi praeceptores atque dicendi,

id. de Or. 3, 15, 57:

ratio, quae similitudines transferat et disjuncta conjungat,

id. Fin. 2, 14, 45.—

Esp., of discourse, disconnected, abrupt, disjointed:

conjunctio, quae neque asperos habet concursus, neque disjunctos atque hiantes,

Cic. Part. Or. 6, 21; cf.

of the orator himself: Brutum (oratorem) otiosum atque dijunctum,

Tac. Or. 18.—

In dialectics, opposed:

disjuncta conjungere,

Cic. Fin. 2, 14, 45: omne, quod ita disjunctum sit, quasi aut etiam, aut non, etc., i. e. logically opposed, disjunctive (i. q. disjunctio, II. A.), id. Ac. 2, 30, 97.—As subst.: disjunc-tum, i, n., that which is logically opposed: quod Graeci diezeugmenon axiôma, nos disjunctum dicimus, Gell. 16, 8, 12.— Adv.

disjunctē ( dij-), separately, distinctly, disjunctively (opp. conjuncte), Fest. s. v. SACRAM VIAM, p. 292, 5 Müll.— Comp.:

non satis quae disjunctius dicuntur, intellegis,

Cic. Phil. 2, 13, 32.— Sup., Amm. 20, 3, 11. —

disjunctim ( dij-), opp. conjunctim, Gai. 2, 199; 205; Dig. 28, 7, 5; 35, 1, 49 al.

dux, dŭcis, com. [duco], a leader, conductor, guide (for syn. cf.: imperator, ductor, tyrannus, rex, princeps, praetor, auctor).

In gen.:

illis non ducem locorum, non exploratorem fuisse,

Liv. 9, 5, 7; cf.

itineris,

Curt. 5, 4:

itinerum,

Caes. B. G. 6, 17, 1:

regendae civitatis (with auctor publici consilii),

Cic. de Or. 3, 17, 63:

dux isti quondam et magister ad despoliandum Dianae templum fuit,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 21:

nil desperandum Teucro duce et auspice Teucro,

Hor. C. 1, 7, 27:

tu dux et comes es,

Ov. Tr. 4, 10, 119; id. P. 4, 12, 23 et saep. —In the fem., Cic. Fin. 1, 21, 71; id. Lael. 5, 19; id. Div. 2, 40; id. Tusc. 1, 12, 27; Verg. A. 1, 364; Ov. M. 3, 12; 14, 121 et saep.—

In partic., in milit. lang., a leader, commander, general-in-chief.

Prop., Caes. B. G. 1, 13, 2; 2, 23, 4 (with qui summam imperii tenebat); 3, 18, 7;

3, 23, 3 et saep.—Prov.: ducis in consilio posita est virtus militum,

Pub. Syr. 136 (Rib.). Also a lieutenant-general, general of division (cf. duco, I. B. 5. b., and imperator), as opp. to the imperator, Caes. B. G. 3, 21, 1; Cic. Off. 3, 26, 99; id. Fl. 12, 27; Tac. H. 3, 37 al.—

Transf. beyond the milit. sphere, a leader, chief, head:

dux regit examen,

Hor. Ep. 1, 9, 23; cf.

gregis, i. e. aries,

Ov. M. 5, 327; 7, 311; so,

pecoris,

Tib. 2, 1, 58;

but dux gregis = pastor,

id. 1, 10, 10:

armenti, i. e. taurus,

Ov. M. 8, 884;

of the head of a sect of philosophers,

Lucr. 1, 638; cf. Quint. 5, 13, 59; Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 13.

ē-luctor, ātus, 1, v. dep. n. and a. (perh. not ante-Aug.).

Neutr., to struggle out, force one's way out:

aqua omnis,

Verg. G. 2, 244;

so of streams,

Sen. Q. N. 4, 2; Luc. 2, 219.— Trop.:

ipse, compositus alias, et velut eluctantium verborum, promptius eloquebatur,

i. e. hesitating in speech, unready, Tac. A. 4, 31.—

Act., to struggle out of any thing; also, to surmount a difficulty, to obtain by striving:

tot ac tam validas manus,

Liv. 24, 26 fin.:

nives,

Tac. H. 3, 59; cf.:

locorum difficultates,

id. Agr. 17 fin.:

furorem,

Stat. Ach. 1, 525 et saep.:

viam ponti,

Val. Fl. 8, 184.

hăbĭtus, a, um, Part. and P. a., from habeo, q. v. fin.

hăbĭtus, ūs, m. [1. habitus, P. a., from habeo], the condition or state of a thing (class.).

Lit.

In gen., condition, plight, habit, deportment, appearance of the body (in sing. and plur.):

cum ille vir (Q. Metellus) integerrima aetate, optimo habitu, maximis viribus eriperetur bonis omnibus,

Cic. Cael. 24, 59:

qui habitus et quae figura non procul abesse putatur a vitae periculo,

id. Brut. 91, 313; cf.:

qui non tam habitus corporis opimos quam gracilitates consectentur,

id. ib. 16, 64:

mediocris,

id. ib. 91, 316:

oris,

id. N. D. 1, 25, 99:

oris et vultus,

id. Fin. 3, 17, 56:

habitu corporis brevis fuit (Horatius), Suet. Vit. Hor.: corporum,

Tac. G. 4; cf.:

positio caeli corporibus habitum dedit,

id. Agr. 11:

adde vultum habitumque hominis,

Hor. S. 2, 4, 92:

moderati aequabilesque,

Cic. Fin. 5, 12, 36:

signa virginali habitu atque vestitu,

deportment, appearance, id. Verr. 2, 4, 3, § 5; cf.:

Himera in muliebrem figuram habitumque formata,

id. ib. 2, 2, 35, §

87: habitum vestitumque pristinum reducere,

Suet. Aug. 40:

vestitu calciatuque et cetero habitu,

id. Calig. 52:

idem habitus cunctis, tonsi rectique capilli, etc.,

Juv. 11, 149:

nudus agas... en habitum, quo, etc.,

id. 2, 72: diversus est ascendentium habitus et descendentium: qui per pronum eunt, resupinant corpora;

qui in arduum, incumbunt,

carriage, posture, Sen. Ep. 123 fin.:

cujus motum et habitum et incessum imitaretur,

Suet. Claud. 4: morbus est habitus cujusque corporis contra naturam, Cael. Sab. ap. Gell. 4, 2, 3:

puberem esse dicunt qui habitu corporis pubes apparet,

Ulp. Fragm. 11, 28; Gai. Inst. 1, 196.—

Of things, esp. of places (so perh. not till after the Aug. per.), condition, habit, appearance, etc.: (praedisccre) patrios cultusque habitusque locorum, Verg. G. 1, 52, cf.:

longe alius Italiae quam Indiae visus illi habitus esset,

Liv. 9, 17, 17:

maris,

Val. Max. 3, 3, ext. 4:

domicilii,

Col. 9, 15, 8:

armorum,

Liv. 9, 36, 6:

pecuniarum,

id. 1, 42, 5:

temporum,

id. 10, 46, 2 et saep.:

urbs in habitum pulveris redacta,

Val. Max. 9, 3, ext. 3.—

In partic., dress, attire (not before the Aug. per.; esp. freq in Suet.; cf.:

vestis, vestitus): Punicus cultus habitusque suspectos legatos fecit Hannibalis,

Liv. 23, 34, 6:

Theopompus permutato cum uxore habitu e custodia, ut mulier, evasit,

Quint. 2, 17, 20; cf. id. 3, 7, 6:

Romano,

Hor. S. 2, 7, 54; cf.:

Graeco, Romano uti,

Suet. Aug. 98:

Gallico,

id. Caes. 58:

pastorum,

Liv. 9, 2, 2:

triumphalis,

Quint. 11, 1, 3; cf.

triumphantis,

Suet. Ner. 13:

lugentis,

id. Calig. 13:

scenico,

id. Ner. 38:

quadrigario,

id. Calig. 19:

suus,

Phaedr. 1, 3, 2:

segmenta et longos habitus et flammea sumit,

Juv. 2, 124; 3, 177; Tac. H. 1, 85 et saep.—

Trop.

In gen., quality, nature, character:

qui manet ut moneatur semper... servos is habitu hau probost,

Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 2:

justitia est habitus animi communi utilitate conservata suam cuique tribuens dignitatem,

Cic. Inv. 2, 53, 160:

naturae ipsius habitu prope divino,

id. Arch. 7, 15:

prudentem non ex ipsius habitu, sed ex aliqua re externa judicare,

id. Leg. 1, 16, 45:

aut habitu aut natura... habitu, ut facile et cito irascatur, etc.,

id. Top. 16, 62:

ad rationis habitum perducere,

id. Fin. 4, 14, 37:

ne gloriari libeat alienis bonis Suoque potius habitu vitam degere,

Phaedr. 1, 3, 2:

si habitum etiam orationis et quasi colorem aliquem requiritis,

Cic. de Or. 3, 52, 199:

habitus quidam et quasi gestus (sermonis),

Quint. 9, 1, 13; 5, 12, 18; cf. id. 11, 3, 62.—

In partic.

A state of feeling, disposition (friendly or hostile) with regard to any one (mostly post-Aug.):

quis fuerit eo tempore civitatis habitus, qui singulorum animi, etc.,

Vell. 2, 99, 3; cf.:

quae mens exercituum, quis habitus provinciarum,

Tac. H. 1, 4:

hic quidem Romae habitus animorum fuit,

id. ib. 1, 8:

ex praesenti eos potius quam praeterito aestimat habitu,

Liv. 32, 14, 6.—

In philos. lang., an acquired perfect state or condition:

habitum appellamus animi aut corporis constantem et absolutam aliqua in re perfectionem: ut virtutis aut artis perceptionem alicujus, aut quamvis scientiam, et item corporis aliquam commoditatem, non natura datam, sed studio et industria partam,

Cic. Inv. 1, 25, 36:

habitus... in aliqua perfecta et constanti animi aut corporis absolutione consistit, etc.,

id. ib. 2, 9, 30.

histŏrĭcus, a, um, adj., = historikos, of or belonging to history, historical.

Adj.:

earum rerum historiam non tam historico quam oratorio genere perscripsit,

Cic. Brut. 83, 286; cf. Plin. Ep. 7, 9, 8:

sermo,

Cic. Or. 36, 124:

fides,

Ov. Am. 3, 12, 42:

nitor,

Quint. 10, 1, 33:

prosopopϕae,

id. 3, 8, 53:

lingua,

Sen. Q. N. 1, 13 fin.:

homines litterati et historici,

versed in history, Cic. Mur. 7, 16: fides, credibility, Aug. Civ. Dei, 15, 9; id. Ep. 143, 12; Vop. Aur. 35.—

Subst.: histŏrĭcus, i, m., one versed in history or who makes historical researches; a writer of history, historian:

oratores et philosophi et poëtae et historici,

Cic. Top. 20, 78; Quint. 1, 6, 2; 11; 2, 4, 9; 10, 2, 21;

12, 11, 17 et saep.: Pelopidas, magis historicis quam vulgo notus,

Nep. Pelop. 1, 1:

quis dabit historico, quantum daret acta legenti?

Juv. 7, 104.— Adv.: histŏrĭcē, historically:

descriptiones locorum non historice tantum, sed prope poëtice prosequi fas est,

Plin. Ep. 2, 5, 5; Hier. Galat. 10, 9, 10.

ignōrantĭa, ae, f. [ignorans, from ignoro], want of knowledge or information, ignorance (mostly post-Aug.; only once in Cic., for Cic. Fl. 20, 46, is a gloss; cf.

Klotz,

Cic. Lael. 19, 70; syn. ignoratio).

With gen. obj.: ignorantia loci, * Caes. B. C. 3, 68, 2:

locorum,

Suet. Galb. 20; cf.:

imperii Romani,

Tac. A. 1, 59:

scripturae,

Suet. Calig. 41:

discriminis sui,

Quint. 6, 1, 47:

praeteritae culpae,

Ov. H. 20, 189:

veri,

id. M. 7, 92:

recti,

Tac. Agr. 1:

bonarum rerum,

Nep. Ages. 8, 5.—

Absol.: errorem et temeritatem et ignorantiam et opinationem et suspicionem... a virtute sapientiaque removebat, * Cic. Acc. 1, 11, 42:

hoc est maximum ignorantiae malum, quod, etc.,

Quint. 12, 3, 3; 5, 10, 34; cf. id. 7, 2, 40; 7, 4, 14:

mutua ignorantia fallentes,

Tac. H. 1, 75:

sancta ignorantia, quid sit illud quod, etc.,

id. G. 40:

ignorantiā lapsus,

Plin. Ep. 10, 59; 10, 97, 1:

si debitor meus manumisso dispensatori meo per ignorantiam solverit, liberari eum,

Gai. Inst. 3, 160.

ignōrātĭo, ōnis, f. [ignoro], want of knowledge or acquaintance, ignorance (freq. in Cic.; elsewh. rare).

With gen. obj.:

timentibus ceteris propter ignorationem locorum,

Cic. Rep. 1, 17, 29; so,

numquam antea visi regis,

Curt. 3, 12, 17:

stirpis et generis,

Cic. Lael. 19, 70:

dialecticae,

id. Fin. 3, 12, 41:

causarum,

id. Div. 2, 22, 49:

juris,

id. Leg. 1, 6, 18:

maximarum rerum (with summus error),

id. N. D. 1, 1, 2 fin.:

veritatis,

id. ib. 1, 16, 43:

sui,

id. Clu. 39, 109:

virtutis,

id. Rep. 1, 34:

decori,

id. Or. 21, 70:

facti,

Dig. 16, 1, 7.—

With de:

cujus scientiam de omnibus constat fuisse, ejus ignoratio de aliquo purgatio debet videri,

Cic. Sull. 13, 39 fin.

impĕdĭo ( inp-), īvi or ĭi, ītum, 4 (in tmesi:

inque peditur, inque pediri, inque peditus, etc.,

Lucr. 6, 394; 3, 484; 4, 562; 1149), v. a. [in-pes; cf. compedes; lit., to entangle the feet; hence, in gen.], to entangle, ensnare, to shackle, hamper, hinder, hold fast (cf.: praepedio, implico, illigo, irretio, illaqueo).

Lit. (rare):

impediunt teneros vincula nulla pedes,

Ov. F. 1, 410; cf.:

et illis crura quoque impediit,

id. M. 12, 392:

ipsus illic sese jam impedivit in plagas,

Plaut. Mil. 4, 9, 11:

in qua (silva) retentis impeditus (cervus) cornibus,

Phaedr. 1, 12, 10:

impedita cassibus dama,

Mart. 3, 58, 28; cf.: reti impedit Pisces, ensnares, Plaut. Truc. 1, 1, 17; Veg. Vet. 1, 10.—

Transf., in gen., to clasp, encircle, embrace (mostly poet.):

narrare parantem Impedit amplexu,

Ov. M. 2, 433:

nunc decet aut viridi nitidum caput impedire myrto Aut flore,

Hor. C. 1, 4, 9:

crines (vitta),

Tib. 1, 6, 67; Ov. Am. 3, 6, 56:

cornua sertis,

id. M. 2, 868:

remos (hederae),

id. ib. 3, 664:

medium crus pellibus,

Hor. S. 1, 6, 27:

equos frenis,

to bridle, Ov. F. 2, 736:

ingentem clipeum informant... septenosque orbibus orbes Impediunt,

surround, encircle each other, Verg. A. 8, 447:

orbes orbibus,

id. ib. 5, 585:

plana novo munimenti genere (with saepire),

Curt. 6, 5; cf.:

Antiochus, castris positis, munitionibus insuper saltum impediebat,

rendered difficult of access, Liv. 36, 16, 1.—

Trop.

To entangle, embarrass (class.):

impeditum in ea (re amatoria) expedivi animum meum,

Ter. Hec. 3, 1, 17; cf.:

sapientis est, cum stultitia sua impeditus sit, quoquo modo possit se expedire,

Cic. Rab. Post. 9, 24:

ipse te impedies, ipse tua defensione implicabere,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 18, § 44:

qui me et se hisce impedivit nuptiis,

Ter. Phorm. 2, 4, 2:

dum alios servat, se impedivit interim,

Plaut. Rud. prol. 37:

tot me impediunt curae,

Ter. And. 1, 5, 25:

mentem dolore,

Cic. Cael. 24, 60.—

Transf. (causa pro effectu), to hinder, detain, obstruct, check, prevent, impede (so most freq.; cf.: inhibeo, prohibeo, interdico, veto); constr. with acc., ab, in aliqua re, or the simple abl., ne, quin, quominus, the inf., or absol.; very rarely with dat.

With the simple acc.:

me quotidie aliud ex alio impedit: sed si me expediero, etc.,

Cic. Fam. 9, 19, 2:

suis studiis sic impediuntur, ut, etc.... discendi enim studio impediti,

id. Off. 1, 9, 28; cf.:

aetate et morbo impeditus,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 25, § 63: religione impediri, Sulp. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 12, 3:

ne forte qua re impediar atque alliger,

Cic. Att. 8, 16, 1.—With inanim:

or abstr. objects: sinistra impedita,

Caes. B. G. 1, 25, 3:

mea dubitatio aut impedire profectionem meam videbatur aut certe tardare,

Cic. Fam. 7, 5, 1:

iter,

id. Lael. 20, 75:

navigationem (Corus),

Caes. B. G. 5, 7, 3:

magnas utilitates amicorum,

Cic. Lael. 20, 75:

res magnas,

id. ib.; cf.:

belli rationem prope jam explicatam perturbare atque impedire,

id. Prov. Cons. 14, 35 fin.: quod si corporis gravioribus morbis vitae jucunditas impeditur;

quanto magis animi morbis impediri necesse est?

id. Fin. 1, 18, 59.—

With ab or in aliqua re or the simple abl.:

sibi non fuisse dubium, a re publica bene gerenda impediri,

Cic. Balb. 20, 47; cf.:

ab delectatione omni negotiis impedimur,

id. Mur. 19, 39; so,

aliquem a suo munere,

id. Rep. 5, 3:

aliquem ab opere,

Plin. 10, 63, 83, § 180:

aliquem a vero bonoque,

Sall. J. 30, 2:

non oportere sese a populo Romano in suo jure impediri,

Caes. B. G. 1, 36, 2:

quem dignitas fugā impediverat,

Tac. A. 1, 39.—

With ne, quin, quominus. —With ne:

id in hac disputatione de fato casus quidam, ne facerem, impedivit,

Cic. Fat. 1, 1; id. Sull. 33, 92.—With quin:

ut nulla re impedirer, quin, si vellem, mihi esset integrum,

Cic. Att. 4, 2, 6; Auct. Her. 3, 1, 1.— With quominus:

nec aetas impedit, quominus agri colendi studia teneamus,

Cic. de Sen. 17, 60; id. Fin. 1, 10, 33:

quaerere, quae sit tanta formido, quae tot ac tantos viros impediat, quominus, etc.,

id. Rosc. Am. 2, 5; id. Fam. 3, 7, 3; 13, 5, 1; id. Att. 3, 22, 1; 13, 25, 2.—

With inf.:

quid est igitur, quod me impediat ea quae probabilia mihi videantur sequi, quae contra, improbare? etc.,

Cic. Off. 2, 2, 8:

me impedit pudor ab aliquo haec exquirere,

id. de Or. 1, 35, 163:

ne qua mora ignaros pubemque educere castris Impediat,

Verg. A. 11, 21; Ov. P. 1, 1, 21.—

With dat. (in analogy to impedimento esse): novitati non impedit vetus consuetudo, is no hinderance, = obstat (cf. the context), Varr. L. L. 9, § 20 Müll.: inpediat tibi, ne, etc., Schol. Juv. 14, 49.—

Absol.:

omnia removentur, quae obstant et impediunt,

Cic. Ac. 2, 7, 19:

ut omnia quae impediant, vincat intentio,

Quint. 10, 3, 28; 12, 10, 55:

de rebus ipsis utere tuo judicio—nihil enim impedio,

Cic. Off. 1, 1, 2; id. Rep. 1, 13: quem video, nisi rei publicae tempora impedient, Euporiston, id. Att. 7, 1, 7; cf. Quint. 12, 10, 55.—Hence, impĕdītus ( inp-), a, um, P. a., hindered, [p. 898] embarrassed, obstructed, encumbered, burdened, impeded.

Of persons:

neque nunc quomodo me expeditum ex impedito faciam, jam consilium placet,

Plaut. Epid. 1, 1, 87: inermos armati, impeditos expediti interficiunt, encumbered with baggage, Sisenn. ap. Non. 58, 8; cf.:

impeditis hostibus propter ea quae ferebant onera,

Caes. B. G. 3, 19, 2:

agmen,

Liv. 43, 23, 1:

itinere impediti,

Caes. B. C. 3, 75, 3:

nostri si ab illis initium transeundi (fluminis) fieret, ut impeditos aggrederentur,

i. e. embarrassed with the difficulties of crossing, id. B. G. 2, 9, 1; 1, 12, 3; 2, 10, 2;

2, 23, 1 et saep.: malis domesticis impediti,

Cic. Sest. 45, 97:

viden me consiliis tuis miserum impeditum esse?

Ter. And. 3, 5, 11.— Comp.: quod, si durior accidisset casus, impeditiores fore videbantur, Auct. B. Alex. 14 fin. —

Of inanim. and abstr. things:

hostem impedito atque iniquo loco tenetis,

difficult of passage, Caes. B. G. 6, 8, 4; cf.:

silvae,

id. ib. 5, 21, 3:

saltus impeditos gravis armis miles timere potest,

Liv. 9, 19, 16:

vineae nexu traducum,

Tac. H. 2, 25:

navigationem impeditam (esse) propter inscientiam locorum,

troublesome, Caes. B. G. 3, 9, 4:

impedito animo,

i. e. engaged, busy, Cic. Leg. 1, 3, 8:

omnium impeditis animis,

Caes. B. G. 5, 7, 5:

tempora rei publicae,

Cic. Pis. 1, 3:

dies tristi omine infames et impediti,

Gell. 4, 9, 5:

disceptatio,

Liv. 37, 54, 7:

oratio fit longa et impedita,

Quint. 8, 6, 42:

bellum (with arduum),

Tac. A. 4, 46:

cum victoribus nihil impeditum arbitrarentur,

Caes. B. G. 2, 28, 1:

tu rem impeditam et perditam restituas,

intricate and hopeless, Ter. And. 3, 5, 13.— Comp.:

longius impeditioribus locis secuti,

Caes. B. G. 3, 28 fin.; so,

saltus artior et impeditior,

Liv. 9, 2, 8; 7, 21, 8.— Sup.:

silvae undique impeditissimae,

i. e. exceedingly difficult to pass, Hirt. B. G. 8, 18, 1:

itinera,

Caes. B. C. 3, 77, 2:

quid horum non impeditissimum? vestitus an vehiculum an comes?

exceedingly embarrassing, a great encumbrance, Cic. Mil. 20, 54.

importūnus ( inp-), a, um, adj. [from porto, qs. not conducive, not proper; opp. opportunus; hence], unfit, unsuitable, inconvenient (cf.: molestus, intempestivus, praeposterus).

In gen. (rare):

num importunum tempus in tanto otio?

Cic. de Or. 2, 5, 20 B. and K. (al. inopportunum):

aggeribus turribusque et aliis machinationibus locus inportunus,

Sall. J. 92, 7:

importuna locorum,

Sil. 3, 540; cf.:

Armeniam petunt, id temporis importunam, quia hiems occipiebat,

Tac. A. 12, 12: etenim est in eo loco sedes huic nostro non importuna sermoni, Crass. ap. Cic. de Or. 3, 5, 18:

vi quidem regere patriam aut parentis importunum est,

Sall. J. 3, 2.—

ln partic., pregn.

Troublesome, grievous, distressing, dangerous (rare):

quom illi inportunam tempestatem conciet,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 3, 8:

neque alius importunior acutiorque morbus est,

Cels. 4, 3:

pauperies,

Hor. C. 3, 16, 37:

Caphareus,

stormy, Ov. M. 14, 481.—

With respect to character, indecorous, unmannerly, uncivil, rude, morose, harsh, churlish, cruel, savage (class.; syn.: crudelis, immanis; opp. clemens).

Of living beings:

tam enim esse clemens tyrannus quam rex importunus potest,

Cic. Rep. 1, 33:

importunus atque amens tyrannus,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 40, § 103:

crudelis atque importuna mulier,

id. Clu. 63, 177:

tam importunus tamque crudelis,

id. Fin. 1, 10, 35:

crudelissimus atque importunissimus tyrannus,

Liv. 29, 17, 20:

uxor importuna atque incommoda,

Plaut. As. 1, 1, 47:

senex,

Ter. Heaut. 1, 2, 23:

importunissimus hostis,

Cic. Cat. 2, 6, 12:

decemviri,

Liv. 5, 2, 8:

plebeii quam fuerint importuni, vides,

Cic. Fam. 9, 21 fin.:

locutores,

Gell. 1, 15, 1:

dives et importunus,

Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 185:

eripiet curule cui volet importunus ebur,

id. ib. 1, 6, 54:

volucres,

Verg. G. 1, 470; Hor. S. 1, 8, 6; cf.:

ales (bubo), i. e. infausta,

Verg. A. 12, 864.—

Of things:

immanis atque importuna natura,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 3, § 8:

libidines,

id. ib. 2, 4, 50, §

111: clades civitatis,

id. Brut. 97, 332:

mors,

Ov. Am. 3, 9, 19:

sitis famesque argenti,

Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 23:

importuna atque audax argutia,

Gell. 3, 1, 6. — Adv.: importunē ( inp-), unsuitably, unseasonably; rudely, violently:

confidere suis testibus et importune insistere,

Cic. Ac. 2, 25, 80:

repetere,

Dig. 13, 6, 17:

immittere versum de Pyrrho,

Gell. 10, 16, 18:

vexare civitates tyrannica crudelitate,

Just. 42, 1.— Comp.:

insultare veritati,

Lact. 5, 2. — Sup.:

facere,

Gell. 20, 6, 14.

incertus, a, um (archaic gen. plur. incertūm, Pac. ap. Non. 495, 27), adj. [2. incertus; hence, acc. to certus].

Object., of things whose (external or internal) qualities are not firmly established, uncertain, unsettled, doubtful, untrustworthy, not fast, not firm (class.): amicus certus in re incerta cernitur, Enn. ap. Cic. Lael. 17, 64 (Trag. v. 428 Vahl.); cf. id. ap. Non. 166, 22 (Trag. v. 12 Vahl.):

incerti socii an hostes essent,

Liv. 30, 35, 9:

incertus (infans) masculus an femina esset,

id. 31, 12, 6; cf. Sall. J. 49, 5:

cum incerta bellum an pax cum Celtiberis essent,

Liv. 34, 19, 8 Weissenb.: spe incerta certum mihi laborem sustuli, Ter. Hec. prol. alt. 9; id. And. 2, 3, 16:

nuptiae,

id. ib. 5, 1, 11:

aetas (puerilis) maxime lubrica atque incerta,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 52, § 137:

itinera,

Caes. B. G. 5, 37 fin.:

dominatus,

Cic. Rep. 1, 17:

status,

id. ib. 1, 26:

sedes,

Sall. C. 6, 1:

ambiguae testis incertaeque rei,

Juv. 8, 81:

comarum Anulus incertā non bene fixus acu,

not fast, Mart. 2, 66, 2:

colligere incertos et in ordine ponere crines,

dishevelled, Ov. Am. 1, 11, 1:

per incertam lunam sub luce maligna,

not clearly visible, dim, Verg. A. 6, 270:

soles,

id. ib. 3, 203:

securis,

that did not strike with a sure blow, id. ib. 2, 224:

vultus,

disturbed, uneasy, Sall. J. 106, 2:

ille vitam suam ad incertissimam spem reservavit,

Cic. Sest. 22, 50: arbori incertae nullam prudentia cani Rectoris cum ferret opem, the ship uncertain in her course, because no longer obeying the helm, Juv. 12, 32 Halm. — In neutr. ellipt.:

clauserant portas incertum vi an voluntate,

Liv. 31, 41, 2; 31, 43, 7 al. — Neutr. as adv. ( poet.):

incertum vigilans,

Ov. H. 10, 9; Stat. Th. 5, 212. —

Subject., as respects one's perceptions or convictions, not firmly established, uncertain, undetermined, doubtful, dubious (so most freq. in prose and poetry):

nihil est incertius vulgo,

Cic. Mur. 17, 36:

casus,

id. Or. 28, 98:

ut alia certa, alia incerta esse dicunt,

id. Off. 2, 2, 7; cf.: est igitur ridiculum, quod est dubium, id relinquere incertum, id. Mur. 32, 68; and:

incerta atque dubia,

Plin. 17, 1, 1, § 9 fin.:

ut incertis temporibus diversisque itineribus iretur,

Caes. B. G. 7, 16 fin.; so,

eventus reliqui temporis,

Cic. Quint. 26, 83:

exitus pugnarum,

id. Mil. 21, 56:

adulterium,

Quint. 7, 2, 52:

auctor,

id. 5, 11, 41:

cujus ora puellares faciunt incerta capilli,

make the sex doubtful, Juv. 15, 137:

incerta persona heres institui non potest,

Ulp. Fragm. 22, 4; Gai. Inst. 2, 242; cf. 2, 238.—

With rel. or interrog.-clause:

nunc mihi incertumst, abeam an maneam,

Plaut. Aul. 4, 9, 19:

moriendum certe est, et id incertum, an hoc ipso die,

Cic. Sen. 20, 74; cf. Quint. 1, 6, 27:

(Gallus) avem, an gentem, an nomen, an fortunam corporis significet, incertum est,

id. 7, 9, 2:

confessus est quidem sed incertum, utrum quia verum erat, an quia, etc.,

Plin. Ep. 4, 11, 5:

neque plane occultati humilitate arborum et tamen incerti, quidnam esset,

Sall. J. 49, 5 Kritz.— Abl. absol.:

multi annantes navibus incerto prae tenebris, quid aut peterent aut vitarent, foede interierunt,

Liv. 28, 36, 12.—

Subst.: incer-tum, i, n., an uncertainty:

quicquid incerti mihi in animo prius aut ambiguum fuit, Nunc liquet, nunc defaecatum est,

Plaut. Ps. 2, 4, 69:

ne cujus incerti vanique auctor esset,

Liv. 4, 13, 9:

incerta maris et tempestatum,

Tac. A. 3, 54:

incerta fortunae experiri,

Plin. Ep. 3, 19, 4:

incerta belli,

Liv. 30, 2:

bona, fortunae possessionesque omnium in dubium incertumque revocabuntur,

Cic. Caecin. 27, 76; cf. id. ib. 13, 38:

Minucius praefectus annonae in incertum creatus,

for an indefinite time, Liv. 4, 13, 7:

postremo fugere an manere tutius foret, in incerto erat,

Sall. J. 38, 5:

Allobroges diu in incerto habuere, quidnam consilii caperent,

id. C. 41, 1; cf. id. J. 46, 8:

imperia ducum in incerto reliquerat,

Tac. H. 2, 33 fin. —

Transf., of a person who is in a state of uncertainty respecting any thing, uncertain, in uncertainty, hesitating, doubtful: quo ego ope mea Pro incertis certos compotesque consili Dimitto, Enn. ap. Cic. de Or. 1, 45, 199 (Trag. v. 188 Vahl.):

nolo suspensam et incertam plebem Romanam obscura spe et caeca exspectatione pendere,

Cic. Agr. 2, 25, 66; so,

varius incertusque agitabat,

Sall. J. 74, 1; Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 3:

ego certe me incerto scio hoc daturum nemini homini,

id. As. 2, 4, 60.—

With rel.-clause:

quid dicam hisce, incertus sum,

Ter. Hec. 3, 4, 36:

cum incertus essem, ubi esses,

Cic. Att. 1, 9, 1:

incerti ignarique, quid potissimum facerent,

Sall. J. 67, 1:

incerti quidnam esset,

id. ib. 49, 5:

incertus, quonam modo aciem instrueret,

id. ib. 101, 2:

incerti, quo fata ferant, ubi sistere detur,

Verg. A. 3, 7:

incertus, Geniumne loci famulumne parentis Esse putet,

id. ib. 5, 95:

faber, incertus scamnum faceretne Priapum,

Hor. S. 1, 8, 2.—

With gen. (not in Cic.): summarum rerum incerti, Enn. ap. Cic. de Or. 1, 45, 199 (Trag. v. 187 Vahl.):

incertusque meae paene salutis eram,

Ov. Tr. 3, 3, 4:

sententiae,

Liv. 4, 57, 3:

veri,

id. 4, 23, 3; 1, 27, 6:

rerum,

id. 24, 24, 9:

ultionis,

Tac. A. 2, 75:

sui,

Stat. Th. 5, 525:

naves incertae locorum, Auct. B. Afr. 7: mox incertus animi, fesso corpore, etc.,

Tac. A. 6, 46; id. H. 3, 55 fin.:

futurorum,

Plin. Ep. 9, 13, 11:

consilii,

Curt. 8, 10, 27.—

With abl.:

incerti metu,

Val. Fl. 3, 602.—

With de and abl.:

incertus de salute alicujus,

Plin. Ep. 6, 20, 10.—Hence, adv. in two forms: incertē and incerto (both ante-class.), uncertainly, not certainly, dubiously: incerte errat animus, Enn. ap. Gell. 19, 10, 12 (Trag. v. 259 Vahl.): vagat exsul, Pac. ap. Non. 467, 25 (Trag. Rel. p. 87 Rib.):

ubi Habitet dum incerto scio,

Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 69:

incerto scio,

id. Ps. 4, 2, 7:

incerto autumo,

id. Ep. 4, 1, 18.

in-frĕquentĭa, ae, f.

A small number, thinness, scanliness:

summa senatus,

Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 2, 2:

senatus,

Liv. 2, 23, 12:

prodita (sc. legionum),

the small number of his troops, Tac. A. 15, 10.—

Solitariness, loneliness:

locorum,

Tac. A. 14, 27.

ingĕnĭum, ii, n. [in-geno, from gigno], innate or natural quality, nature.

In gen. (so mostly poet.; in Sall. and in postAug. prose;

not in Cic. or Cæs.): pro ingenio ego me liberum esse ratus sum, pro imperio tuo tibi servire aequom censeo,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 22: ite in frundiferos locos Ingenio arbusta ubi nata sunt, non obsita, by their own nature, Naev. ap. Non. 323, 1 (Trag. Rel. v. 28 Rib.); so,

loci,

Sall. H. 3, 18 Dietsch:

locorum hominumque ingenia,

Liv. 28, 12, 11; Tac. A. 6, 41; id. H. 1, 51; Flor. 2, 6, 16 al.:

terrae,

Liv. 37, 54, 21:

montis,

Tac. H. 2, 4; cf.:

campi suopte ingenio humentes,

id. ib. 5, 14:

arvorum,

Verg. G. 2, 177;

and, portūs,

Sil. 14, 283:

arbores sui cujusque ingenii poma ferunt,

Col. 3, 1, 2:

lactis ingenia et proprietates,

Gell. 12, 1, 14:

ingenium velox igni, Sev. Aetn. 214: crines ingenio suo flexi,

naturally, Petr. 126:

ut magistratus imperio suo vehemens mansueto permitteretur ingenio,

Liv. 2, 30, 4; cf.:

cum honesta suopte ingenio peterentur,

in consequence of its own nature, Tac. A. 3, 26:

mitis ingenio,

id. ib. 6, 15:

cunctator ingenio,

id. ib. 15, 1:

ingenio trux,

id. H. 1, 21.—

Rarely of beasts: mitior ad feras bestias, praecipitia ingenia sortitas,

Curt. 8, 1, 35.—

In partic., of persons.

Natural disposition, temper, mode of thinking, character, bent, inclination:

feci ego ingenium meum,

have acted out, Plaut. Merc. 4, 1, 2:

ita ingenium meumst,

id. Am. 3, 2, 18:

ut ingenium est omnium hominum ab labore proclive ad lubidinem,

Ter. And. 1, 1, 50:

liberale,

id. ib. 4, 5, 59:

pium ac pudicum,

id. Hec. 1, 2, 77:

durum atque inexorabile,

id. Phorm. 3, 2, 12:

inhumanum,

id. Eun. 5, 2, 41:

lene in liberos,

id. Heaut. 1, 1, 99:

utinam nunc matrescam ingenio,

Pac. Con. Rel. v. 139 Rib. (1 Rib., maturescam):

mobile,

Plin. Ep. 2, 11, 22:

cicur et mansuetum,

Varr. L. L. 7, § 91 Müll.:

inverecundum animi,

Cic. Inv. 1, 45, 83: vera loqui etsi meum ingenium non moneret. Liv. 3, 68, 9:

ingenio suo vivere,

id. 3, 36, 1: redire ad ingenium, to return to one ' s natural bent, to one ' s old courses, Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 46:

Volscis levatis metu suum rediit ingenium,

Liv. 2, 22, 3: quae maxime ad muliebre ingenium efficaces preces sunt, id. 1, 9, 16:

vanum dictatoris,

id. 1, 27, 1:

mitis ingenii juvenem,

id. 1, 46, 4:

Turni ferox,

id. 1, 51, 7:

temperare suum,

to control his temper, id. 8, 36, 5:

horrida,

Curt. 4, 6, 3:

molliora,

id. 5, 6, 18:

humana,

id. 5, 10, 13:

felix,

Sen. Ep. 95, 36:

rapax,

id. ad Helv. 17, 4:

atrox,

Tac. A. 4, 50:

procax,

id. H. 3, 32: ingenium ingeni, in Plautus, signifies peculiarity of disposition, Stich. 1, 2, 69.—

Concr. collect.:

tanto corruptius iter immixtis histrionibus et spadonum gregibus et cetero Neronianae aulae ingenio,

the people who gave character to the court, Tac. H. 2, 71.—

With respect to intelligence.

Natural capacity, talents, parts, abilities, genius:

docilitas, memoria, quae fere appellantur uno ingenii nomine,

Cic. Fin. 5, 13, 36:

ingenium ad fingendum,

id. Font. 14, 30:

excellens ac singulare,

id. de Or. 2, 74, 298:

vir acerrimo ingenio,

id. Or. 5, 18:

cujus tanta vis ingenii est, ut, etc.,

id. de Or. 2, 74, 299:

tardum,

id. ib. 2, 27, 117:

acutum aut retusum,

id. de Div. 1, 36, 72:

eximium,

id. Tusc. 5, 24, 68:

praestantissimum,

id. Fin. 2, 16, 51:

magnum,

id. Ac. 2, 1, 1:

illustre,

id. Cael. 1, 1:

oratorium,

Tac. Dial. 10:

pulcherrimum et maximum,

Plin. Ep. 8, 12, 4:

hebetatum, fractum, contusum,

id. ib. 8, 14, 9:

celeres ingenii motus,

Cic. de Or. 1, 25, 113:

ingenii acies,

id. ib. 3, 5, 20:

ingenii lumen,

id. Brut. 15, 59:

ingenii vis,

id. Phil. 5, 18, 49:

ingenii vena,

Hor. C. 2, 18, 9:

ingenii vigor,

Ov. M. 8, 254:

ingenii celeritas,

Nep. Eum. 1:

ingenii docilitas,

id. Att. 1:

ingenio abundare,

Cic. Fam. 4, 8, 1:

ingenio valere,

Quint. 1, 8, 8:

ingenio divino esse,

Cic. Ac. 2, 36, 117:

ingenio hebeti esse,

id. Phil. 10, 8, 17:

in eo ingenium ejus elucere videbatis,

id. Cael. 19, 45:

colere et imbuere ingenium artibus,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 16:

acuere,

Quint. 1, 4, 7:

alere,

id. 1, 8, 8:

exercere multiplici variāque materiā,

id. 2, 4, 20:

versabatur in hoc nostro studio cum ingenio,

with cleverness, Cic. Fam. 13, 10, 2; so,

cum ingenio,

Dig. 1, 16, 9:

ingenii memoria immortalis est,

Sen. Polyb. 18, 2.— Plur.:

acutiora ingenia et ad intellegendum aptiora eorum, qui, etc.,

Cic. N. D. 2, 16, 42:

aliae (partes agrorum) quae acuta ingenia gignant, aliae quae retusa,

intellects, id. Div. 1, 36, 79 fin. —

Transf.

A genius, i. e. a man of genius, a clever, ingenious person:

excepi voluntatem tam excellens ingenium fuisse in civitate,

Cic. Brut. 40, 147; id. Rep. 2, 1, 2; Liv. 41, 4, 3:

nullum magnum ingenium sine mixtura dementiae fuit,

Sen. Tranq. An. 17, 10. — Plur.:

ut saepe summa ingenia in occulto latent,

Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 62:

decora,

Tac. A. 1, 1:

magna,

id. H. 1, 1:

nostra (i. e. oratores,

id. Dial. 1; id. Agr. 2; Sen. Ep. 2, 1; id. ad Polyb. 27, 1:

candidissimus omnium magnorum ingeniorum aestimator Livius,

id. Suas. 6, 22:

ingenia et artes vel maxime fovit,

Suet. Vesp. 18; id. Aug. 89:

id in magnis animis ingeniisque plerumque contingit,

Cic. Off. 1, 22, 74.—

Of things, an invention, a clever thought:

exquisita ingenia cenarum,

Plin. Pan. 49, 7; cf. Tac. H. 3, 28:

noctium suarum ingenia (= flagitiosae libidinis inventiones),

voluptuous inventions, id. A. 16, 20.

ĭnīquĭtas, ātis ( gen. plur. iniquitatium, Tert. Spect. 2), f. [iniquus], unequalness.

Lit.

Unevenness, of the ground:

loci,

Caes. B. G. 7, 45:

in talibus iniquitatibus locorum,

Liv. 38, 22, 3.—

Inequality, of weight:

ponderis,

App. M. 7, p. 195, 38.—

Excessiveness, that exceeds one ' s strength:

operis,

Col. 2, 4, 6.—

Trop.

Unfavorableness, adverseness, difficulty, hardness:

loci,

Liv. 2, 65, 5:

in tanta rerum iniquitate,

Caes. B. G. 2, 22 fin.:

temporum iniquitate pressi,

Liv. 35, 16, 11:

temporis,

Curt. 7, 7, 3:

propter iniquitatem temporum,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 1, 1;

with acerbitas,

id. ib. 29, 81.—

Unfairness, injustice, unreasonableness:

aequitas, temperantia, fortitudo certant cum iniquitate, luxuria, ignavia,

Cic. Cat. 2, 11, 25:

praetoris,

id. Quint. 2, 9:

in tanta hominum perfidia et iniquitate,

id. Fam. 1, 2, 4; id. Verr. 2, 3, 89, § 207:

iniquitates potestatum,

Plin. 28, 8, 27, § 106:

Vespasiano ad obtinendas iniquitates haud perinde obstinante,

unreasonable demands in the shape of taxes, Tac. H. 2, 84:

exitii,

id. A. 16, 17:

summae iniquitatis se condemnari debere,

would render himself guilty of the highest injustice, Caes. B. G. 7, 19:

quae si vobis non probabuntur, vestram iniquitatem accusatote,

your unreasonable demands, Cic. de Or. 1, 48, 208; so of unreasonable harshness, id. Caecin. 23, 65:

iniquitatem deum atque execrabilem fortunam suam incusabant,

Liv. 26, 34, 13:

ab iniquitate judicis victoriam sperare,

partiality, Gai. Inst. 4, 178.— Plur.:

juris emendatae edicto Praetoris,

Gai. Inst. 3, 25; 41: calumniantium, acts of injustice, Just. Inst. prooem. init.

impĕdĭo ( inp-), īvi or ĭi, ītum, 4 (in tmesi:

inque peditur, inque pediri, inque peditus, etc.,

Lucr. 6, 394; 3, 484; 4, 562; 1149), v. a. [in-pes; cf. compedes; lit., to entangle the feet; hence, in gen.], to entangle, ensnare, to shackle, hamper, hinder, hold fast (cf.: praepedio, implico, illigo, irretio, illaqueo).

Lit. (rare):

impediunt teneros vincula nulla pedes,

Ov. F. 1, 410; cf.:

et illis crura quoque impediit,

id. M. 12, 392:

ipsus illic sese jam impedivit in plagas,

Plaut. Mil. 4, 9, 11:

in qua (silva) retentis impeditus (cervus) cornibus,

Phaedr. 1, 12, 10:

impedita cassibus dama,

Mart. 3, 58, 28; cf.: reti impedit Pisces, ensnares, Plaut. Truc. 1, 1, 17; Veg. Vet. 1, 10.—

Transf., in gen., to clasp, encircle, embrace (mostly poet.):

narrare parantem Impedit amplexu,

Ov. M. 2, 433:

nunc decet aut viridi nitidum caput impedire myrto Aut flore,

Hor. C. 1, 4, 9:

crines (vitta),

Tib. 1, 6, 67; Ov. Am. 3, 6, 56:

cornua sertis,

id. M. 2, 868:

remos (hederae),

id. ib. 3, 664:

medium crus pellibus,

Hor. S. 1, 6, 27:

equos frenis,

to bridle, Ov. F. 2, 736:

ingentem clipeum informant... septenosque orbibus orbes Impediunt,

surround, encircle each other, Verg. A. 8, 447:

orbes orbibus,

id. ib. 5, 585:

plana novo munimenti genere (with saepire),

Curt. 6, 5; cf.:

Antiochus, castris positis, munitionibus insuper saltum impediebat,

rendered difficult of access, Liv. 36, 16, 1.—

Trop.

To entangle, embarrass (class.):

impeditum in ea (re amatoria) expedivi animum meum,

Ter. Hec. 3, 1, 17; cf.:

sapientis est, cum stultitia sua impeditus sit, quoquo modo possit se expedire,

Cic. Rab. Post. 9, 24:

ipse te impedies, ipse tua defensione implicabere,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 18, § 44:

qui me et se hisce impedivit nuptiis,

Ter. Phorm. 2, 4, 2:

dum alios servat, se impedivit interim,

Plaut. Rud. prol. 37:

tot me impediunt curae,

Ter. And. 1, 5, 25:

mentem dolore,

Cic. Cael. 24, 60.—

Transf. (causa pro effectu), to hinder, detain, obstruct, check, prevent, impede (so most freq.; cf.: inhibeo, prohibeo, interdico, veto); constr. with acc., ab, in aliqua re, or the simple abl., ne, quin, quominus, the inf., or absol.; very rarely with dat.

With the simple acc.:

me quotidie aliud ex alio impedit: sed si me expediero, etc.,

Cic. Fam. 9, 19, 2:

suis studiis sic impediuntur, ut, etc.... discendi enim studio impediti,

id. Off. 1, 9, 28; cf.:

aetate et morbo impeditus,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 25, § 63: religione impediri, Sulp. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 12, 3:

ne forte qua re impediar atque alliger,

Cic. Att. 8, 16, 1.—With inanim:

or abstr. objects: sinistra impedita,

Caes. B. G. 1, 25, 3:

mea dubitatio aut impedire profectionem meam videbatur aut certe tardare,

Cic. Fam. 7, 5, 1:

iter,

id. Lael. 20, 75:

navigationem (Corus),

Caes. B. G. 5, 7, 3:

magnas utilitates amicorum,

Cic. Lael. 20, 75:

res magnas,

id. ib.; cf.:

belli rationem prope jam explicatam perturbare atque impedire,

id. Prov. Cons. 14, 35 fin.: quod si corporis gravioribus morbis vitae jucunditas impeditur;

quanto magis animi morbis impediri necesse est?

id. Fin. 1, 18, 59.—

With ab or in aliqua re or the simple abl.:

sibi non fuisse dubium, a re publica bene gerenda impediri,

Cic. Balb. 20, 47; cf.:

ab delectatione omni negotiis impedimur,

id. Mur. 19, 39; so,

aliquem a suo munere,

id. Rep. 5, 3:

aliquem ab opere,

Plin. 10, 63, 83, § 180:

aliquem a vero bonoque,

Sall. J. 30, 2:

non oportere sese a populo Romano in suo jure impediri,

Caes. B. G. 1, 36, 2:

quem dignitas fugā impediverat,

Tac. A. 1, 39.—

With ne, quin, quominus. —With ne:

id in hac disputatione de fato casus quidam, ne facerem, impedivit,

Cic. Fat. 1, 1; id. Sull. 33, 92.—With quin:

ut nulla re impedirer, quin, si vellem, mihi esset integrum,

Cic. Att. 4, 2, 6; Auct. Her. 3, 1, 1.— With quominus:

nec aetas impedit, quominus agri colendi studia teneamus,

Cic. de Sen. 17, 60; id. Fin. 1, 10, 33:

quaerere, quae sit tanta formido, quae tot ac tantos viros impediat, quominus, etc.,

id. Rosc. Am. 2, 5; id. Fam. 3, 7, 3; 13, 5, 1; id. Att. 3, 22, 1; 13, 25, 2.—

With inf.:

quid est igitur, quod me impediat ea quae probabilia mihi videantur sequi, quae contra, improbare? etc.,

Cic. Off. 2, 2, 8:

me impedit pudor ab aliquo haec exquirere,

id. de Or. 1, 35, 163:

ne qua mora ignaros pubemque educere castris Impediat,

Verg. A. 11, 21; Ov. P. 1, 1, 21.—

With dat. (in analogy to impedimento esse): novitati non impedit vetus consuetudo, is no hinderance, = obstat (cf. the context), Varr. L. L. 9, § 20 Müll.: inpediat tibi, ne, etc., Schol. Juv. 14, 49.—

Absol.:

omnia removentur, quae obstant et impediunt,

Cic. Ac. 2, 7, 19:

ut omnia quae impediant, vincat intentio,

Quint. 10, 3, 28; 12, 10, 55:

de rebus ipsis utere tuo judicio—nihil enim impedio,

Cic. Off. 1, 1, 2; id. Rep. 1, 13: quem video, nisi rei publicae tempora impedient, Euporiston, id. Att. 7, 1, 7; cf. Quint. 12, 10, 55.—Hence, impĕdītus ( inp-), a, um, P. a., hindered, [p. 898] embarrassed, obstructed, encumbered, burdened, impeded.

Of persons:

neque nunc quomodo me expeditum ex impedito faciam, jam consilium placet,

Plaut. Epid. 1, 1, 87: inermos armati, impeditos expediti interficiunt, encumbered with baggage, Sisenn. ap. Non. 58, 8; cf.:

impeditis hostibus propter ea quae ferebant onera,

Caes. B. G. 3, 19, 2:

agmen,

Liv. 43, 23, 1:

itinere impediti,

Caes. B. C. 3, 75, 3:

nostri si ab illis initium transeundi (fluminis) fieret, ut impeditos aggrederentur,

i. e. embarrassed with the difficulties of crossing, id. B. G. 2, 9, 1; 1, 12, 3; 2, 10, 2;

2, 23, 1 et saep.: malis domesticis impediti,

Cic. Sest. 45, 97:

viden me consiliis tuis miserum impeditum esse?

Ter. And. 3, 5, 11.— Comp.: quod, si durior accidisset casus, impeditiores fore videbantur, Auct. B. Alex. 14 fin. —

Of inanim. and abstr. things:

hostem impedito atque iniquo loco tenetis,

difficult of passage, Caes. B. G. 6, 8, 4; cf.:

silvae,

id. ib. 5, 21, 3:

saltus impeditos gravis armis miles timere potest,

Liv. 9, 19, 16:

vineae nexu traducum,

Tac. H. 2, 25:

navigationem impeditam (esse) propter inscientiam locorum,

troublesome, Caes. B. G. 3, 9, 4:

impedito animo,

i. e. engaged, busy, Cic. Leg. 1, 3, 8:

omnium impeditis animis,

Caes. B. G. 5, 7, 5:

tempora rei publicae,

Cic. Pis. 1, 3:

dies tristi omine infames et impediti,

Gell. 4, 9, 5:

disceptatio,

Liv. 37, 54, 7:

oratio fit longa et impedita,

Quint. 8, 6, 42:

bellum (with arduum),

Tac. A. 4, 46:

cum victoribus nihil impeditum arbitrarentur,

Caes. B. G. 2, 28, 1:

tu rem impeditam et perditam restituas,

intricate and hopeless, Ter. And. 3, 5, 13.— Comp.:

longius impeditioribus locis secuti,

Caes. B. G. 3, 28 fin.; so,

saltus artior et impeditior,

Liv. 9, 2, 8; 7, 21, 8.— Sup.:

silvae undique impeditissimae,

i. e. exceedingly difficult to pass, Hirt. B. G. 8, 18, 1:

itinera,

Caes. B. C. 3, 77, 2:

quid horum non impeditissimum? vestitus an vehiculum an comes?

exceedingly embarrassing, a great encumbrance, Cic. Mil. 20, 54.

impĕdĭo ( inp-), īvi or ĭi, ītum, 4 (in tmesi:

inque peditur, inque pediri, inque peditus, etc.,

Lucr. 6, 394; 3, 484; 4, 562; 1149), v. a. [in-pes; cf. compedes; lit., to entangle the feet; hence, in gen.], to entangle, ensnare, to shackle, hamper, hinder, hold fast (cf.: praepedio, implico, illigo, irretio, illaqueo).

Lit. (rare):

impediunt teneros vincula nulla pedes,

Ov. F. 1, 410; cf.:

et illis crura quoque impediit,

id. M. 12, 392:

ipsus illic sese jam impedivit in plagas,

Plaut. Mil. 4, 9, 11:

in qua (silva) retentis impeditus (cervus) cornibus,

Phaedr. 1, 12, 10:

impedita cassibus dama,

Mart. 3, 58, 28; cf.: reti impedit Pisces, ensnares, Plaut. Truc. 1, 1, 17; Veg. Vet. 1, 10.—

Transf., in gen., to clasp, encircle, embrace (mostly poet.):

narrare parantem Impedit amplexu,

Ov. M. 2, 433:

nunc decet aut viridi nitidum caput impedire myrto Aut flore,

Hor. C. 1, 4, 9:

crines (vitta),

Tib. 1, 6, 67; Ov. Am. 3, 6, 56:

cornua sertis,

id. M. 2, 868:

remos (hederae),

id. ib. 3, 664:

medium crus pellibus,

Hor. S. 1, 6, 27:

equos frenis,

to bridle, Ov. F. 2, 736:

ingentem clipeum informant... septenosque orbibus orbes Impediunt,

surround, encircle each other, Verg. A. 8, 447:

orbes orbibus,

id. ib. 5, 585:

plana novo munimenti genere (with saepire),

Curt. 6, 5; cf.:

Antiochus, castris positis, munitionibus insuper saltum impediebat,

rendered difficult of access, Liv. 36, 16, 1.—

Trop.

To entangle, embarrass (class.):

impeditum in ea (re amatoria) expedivi animum meum,

Ter. Hec. 3, 1, 17; cf.:

sapientis est, cum stultitia sua impeditus sit, quoquo modo possit se expedire,

Cic. Rab. Post. 9, 24:

ipse te impedies, ipse tua defensione implicabere,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 18, § 44:

qui me et se hisce impedivit nuptiis,

Ter. Phorm. 2, 4, 2:

dum alios servat, se impedivit interim,

Plaut. Rud. prol. 37:

tot me impediunt curae,

Ter. And. 1, 5, 25:

mentem dolore,

Cic. Cael. 24, 60.—

Transf. (causa pro effectu), to hinder, detain, obstruct, check, prevent, impede (so most freq.; cf.: inhibeo, prohibeo, interdico, veto); constr. with acc., ab, in aliqua re, or the simple abl., ne, quin, quominus, the inf., or absol.; very rarely with dat.

With the simple acc.:

me quotidie aliud ex alio impedit: sed si me expediero, etc.,

Cic. Fam. 9, 19, 2:

suis studiis sic impediuntur, ut, etc.... discendi enim studio impediti,

id. Off. 1, 9, 28; cf.:

aetate et morbo impeditus,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 25, § 63: religione impediri, Sulp. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 12, 3:

ne forte qua re impediar atque alliger,

Cic. Att. 8, 16, 1.—With inanim:

or abstr. objects: sinistra impedita,

Caes. B. G. 1, 25, 3:

mea dubitatio aut impedire profectionem meam videbatur aut certe tardare,

Cic. Fam. 7, 5, 1:

iter,

id. Lael. 20, 75:

navigationem (Corus),

Caes. B. G. 5, 7, 3:

magnas utilitates amicorum,

Cic. Lael. 20, 75:

res magnas,

id. ib.; cf.:

belli rationem prope jam explicatam perturbare atque impedire,

id. Prov. Cons. 14, 35 fin.: quod si corporis gravioribus morbis vitae jucunditas impeditur;

quanto magis animi morbis impediri necesse est?

id. Fin. 1, 18, 59.—

With ab or in aliqua re or the simple abl.:

sibi non fuisse dubium, a re publica bene gerenda impediri,

Cic. Balb. 20, 47; cf.:

ab delectatione omni negotiis impedimur,

id. Mur. 19, 39; so,

aliquem a suo munere,

id. Rep. 5, 3:

aliquem ab opere,

Plin. 10, 63, 83, § 180:

aliquem a vero bonoque,

Sall. J. 30, 2:

non oportere sese a populo Romano in suo jure impediri,

Caes. B. G. 1, 36, 2:

quem dignitas fugā impediverat,

Tac. A. 1, 39.—

With ne, quin, quominus. —With ne:

id in hac disputatione de fato casus quidam, ne facerem, impedivit,

Cic. Fat. 1, 1; id. Sull. 33, 92.—With quin:

ut nulla re impedirer, quin, si vellem, mihi esset integrum,

Cic. Att. 4, 2, 6; Auct. Her. 3, 1, 1.— With quominus:

nec aetas impedit, quominus agri colendi studia teneamus,

Cic. de Sen. 17, 60; id. Fin. 1, 10, 33:

quaerere, quae sit tanta formido, quae tot ac tantos viros impediat, quominus, etc.,

id. Rosc. Am. 2, 5; id. Fam. 3, 7, 3; 13, 5, 1; id. Att. 3, 22, 1; 13, 25, 2.—

With inf.:

quid est igitur, quod me impediat ea quae probabilia mihi videantur sequi, quae contra, improbare? etc.,

Cic. Off. 2, 2, 8:

me impedit pudor ab aliquo haec exquirere,

id. de Or. 1, 35, 163:

ne qua mora ignaros pubemque educere castris Impediat,

Verg. A. 11, 21; Ov. P. 1, 1, 21.—

With dat. (in analogy to impedimento esse): novitati non impedit vetus consuetudo, is no hinderance, = obstat (cf. the context), Varr. L. L. 9, § 20 Müll.: inpediat tibi, ne, etc., Schol. Juv. 14, 49.—

Absol.:

omnia removentur, quae obstant et impediunt,

Cic. Ac. 2, 7, 19:

ut omnia quae impediant, vincat intentio,

Quint. 10, 3, 28; 12, 10, 55:

de rebus ipsis utere tuo judicio—nihil enim impedio,

Cic. Off. 1, 1, 2; id. Rep. 1, 13: quem video, nisi rei publicae tempora impedient, Euporiston, id. Att. 7, 1, 7; cf. Quint. 12, 10, 55.—Hence, impĕdītus ( inp-), a, um, P. a., hindered, [p. 898] embarrassed, obstructed, encumbered, burdened, impeded.

Of persons:

neque nunc quomodo me expeditum ex impedito faciam, jam consilium placet,

Plaut. Epid. 1, 1, 87: inermos armati, impeditos expediti interficiunt, encumbered with baggage, Sisenn. ap. Non. 58, 8; cf.:

impeditis hostibus propter ea quae ferebant onera,

Caes. B. G. 3, 19, 2:

agmen,

Liv. 43, 23, 1:

itinere impediti,

Caes. B. C. 3, 75, 3:

nostri si ab illis initium transeundi (fluminis) fieret, ut impeditos aggrederentur,

i. e. embarrassed with the difficulties of crossing, id. B. G. 2, 9, 1; 1, 12, 3; 2, 10, 2;

2, 23, 1 et saep.: malis domesticis impediti,

Cic. Sest. 45, 97:

viden me consiliis tuis miserum impeditum esse?

Ter. And. 3, 5, 11.— Comp.: quod, si durior accidisset casus, impeditiores fore videbantur, Auct. B. Alex. 14 fin. —

Of inanim. and abstr. things:

hostem impedito atque iniquo loco tenetis,

difficult of passage, Caes. B. G. 6, 8, 4; cf.:

silvae,

id. ib. 5, 21, 3:

saltus impeditos gravis armis miles timere potest,

Liv. 9, 19, 16:

vineae nexu traducum,

Tac. H. 2, 25:

navigationem impeditam (esse) propter inscientiam locorum,

troublesome, Caes. B. G. 3, 9, 4:

impedito animo,

i. e. engaged, busy, Cic. Leg. 1, 3, 8:

omnium impeditis animis,

Caes. B. G. 5, 7, 5:

tempora rei publicae,

Cic. Pis. 1, 3:

dies tristi omine infames et impediti,

Gell. 4, 9, 5:

disceptatio,

Liv. 37, 54, 7:

oratio fit longa et impedita,

Quint. 8, 6, 42:

bellum (with arduum),

Tac. A. 4, 46:

cum victoribus nihil impeditum arbitrarentur,

Caes. B. G. 2, 28, 1:

tu rem impeditam et perditam restituas,

intricate and hopeless, Ter. And. 3, 5, 13.— Comp.:

longius impeditioribus locis secuti,

Caes. B. G. 3, 28 fin.; so,

saltus artior et impeditior,

Liv. 9, 2, 8; 7, 21, 8.— Sup.:

silvae undique impeditissimae,

i. e. exceedingly difficult to pass, Hirt. B. G. 8, 18, 1:

itinera,

Caes. B. C. 3, 77, 2:

quid horum non impeditissimum? vestitus an vehiculum an comes?

exceedingly embarrassing, a great encumbrance, Cic. Mil. 20, 54.