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41 χαίρω
A : [tense] impf., [dialect] Ep.χαῖρον Il.14.156
, [dialect] Ion.χαίρεσκον 18.259
: [tense] fut.χαιρήσω 20.363
, Hdt. 1.128, Ar.Pl.64, And.1.101, Arr.An.5.20.6; [dialect] Ep. redupl. inf.κεχᾰρησέμεν Il.15.98
; later χᾰρῶ v.l. in Apoc. 11.10: [tense] aor.ἐχαίρησα Plu. Luc.25
: [tense] pf. , part.- ηκώς Hdt.3.42
, etc., [dialect] Ep. acc. κεχᾰρηότα, pl. -ότας, Il.7.312, Hes.Fr.77:—[voice] Med. (in same sense), χαίρομαι, noted as a barbarism in Ar. Pax 291 (v. Sch.), but found in BCH36.622 (Perinthus, written χέρ-), Alex.Aphr.Pr.1.20, al.: [tense] fut. χᾰρήσομαι Ps.-Luc.Philopatr.24, ([etym.] συγ-) Plb.30.18.1, D.S. 31.15; [dialect] Dor.χαρησοῦμαι Pythag.Ep.3.7
; χᾰροῦμαι LXXZa.4.10, ([etym.] κατα-) ib.Pr.1.26; [dialect] Ep.κεχᾰρήσομαι Od.23.266
: [tense] aor. 1 part. (ii A. D.): [dialect] Ep. [tense] aor.1χήρατο Il.14.270
;ἐχ- Opp.C.1.509
, etc.; part.χηράμενος AP7.198
(Leon.): [dialect] Ep. redupl. [tense] aor. 2, [ per.] 3pl.κεχάροντο Il.16.600
(χάροντο Q.S.6.315
); opt. [ per.] 3sg. and pl. κεχάροιτο, -οίατο, Od.2.249, Il.1.256:—[voice] Pass. (in same sense), [tense] aor. 2 ἐχάρην [pron. full] [ᾰ] 7.54, etc., [dialect] Ep. [ per.] 3sg.χάρη 5.682
, 13.609; subj. ; opt.χᾰρείη Il.6.481
; inf.χᾰρῆναι Simon.164
; part.χᾰρείς Il.10.541
, Sapph.118, Pi.I.6(5).10, Ar.Th. 981 (lyr.), etc.; [tense] pf.κεχάρημαι h.Bacch.7.10
, E.IA 200 (lyr.), Ar.V. 389 (anap.); part.κεχαρμένος E.Or. 1122
, Tr. 529 (lyr.), Cyc. 367 (lyr.): [tense] plpf. [ per.] 3sg. and pl. κεχάρητο, -ηντο, Hes.Sc.65, h.Cer. 458:—rejoice, be glad, Il.3.111, 21.347, etc.;γραῦς ἥδε οἰνοφόρος κεχαρημένη ὧδε κάθηται IG12(8).679
(Scyros, ii B. C.):χ. θυμῷ Il.7.191
, al.;ἐν θυμῷ 24.491
, Od.22.411;φρεσὶν ᾗσι Il.13.609
;φρένα 6.481
; χ. νόῳ to rejoice in wardly, Od. 8.78;χαίρει δέ μοι ἦτορ Il.23.647
;αὐτὰρ ἐμὸν κῆρ χ. Od.4.260
;χ. καὶ γελᾶν S.El. 1300
; ; opp. λυπεῖσθαι, A.Fr.266.3, S.Aj. 555, etc.; opp. ἀλγεῖν, Id.Tr. 1119. —Constr.,1 c. dat. rei, rejoice at, take pleasure in a thing,νίκῃ Il.7.312
;φήμῃ Od.2.35
; ;μόλπᾳ Sapph.Supp. 25.5
, cf. S.OT 1070, Pl.Mx. 238d, etc.: c. dat. pers.,χαῖρε.. ἀνδρὶ δικαίῳ Od.3.52
; with a part. added,χάρη δ' ἄρα οἱ προσιόντι Il.5.682
, cf. 24.706, Od.19.463: with Preps.,χαίρειν ἐπί τινι S.Fr. 926
, X. Mem.2.6.35, Cyr.8.4.12, Isoc.2.30, Pl.Lg. 739d, etc.;πρὸς τοῖς παιδικοῖς Eup.327
; with a part. added,ἐπ' ἐξεργασμένοις κακοῖσι χ. E.Ba. 1040
, cf. 1033: rarely (lyr.), S.Tr. 1119: also c. dat. modi, χ. γέλωτι express one's joy by laughter, X.Cyr.8.1.33.b of a plant,χαίρει ὑφάμμοις χωρίοις Thphr.HP6.5.2
; alsoἡ κύστις χ. τῇ χολῇ Gal.19.646
.2 rarely c. acc., with a part. added,χαίρω δέ σ' εὐτυχοῦντα E.Rh. 390
;τοὺς γὰρ εὐσεβεῖς θεοὶ θνῄσκοντας οὐ χ. Id.Hipp. 1340
; χαίρω σ' <ἐλθόντα> Id.Fr. 673 (this usage is said to be Oropian, EM808.4).b with a neut. Adj., : c. acc. cogn.,ἁπλῆν χαίρειν ἡδονήν Arist.EN 1154b26
;χ. ἀνδραπόδων τινὰ χαράν Plu.2.1091e
.3 c. part., χαίρω.. τὸν μῦθον ἀκούσας I rejoice at having heard, am glad to hear, Il.19.185, cf. 7.54, 11.73;χαίρουσιν βίοτον νήποινον ἔδοντες Od.14.377
, cf. 12.380, Hes.Op.55;χαίρω.. κόμπον ἱείς Pi.N.8.49
;χαίρεις ὁρῶν φῶς, πατέρα δ' οὐ χαίρειν δοκεῖς; E.Alc. 691
;χαίρω φειδόμενος Ar.Pl. 247
;θωπευόμενος χαίρεις Id.Eq. 1116
(lyr.), cf. Pl.Smp. 191e, etc.b c. part. [tense] pres., delight in doing, to be wont to do,χρεώμενοι χαίρουσι Hdt.7.236
, cf. S.Ph. 449, Ar.V. 764, Pl.Prt. 318d, 346c, 358a.4 χαίρειν ὅττι or ὅτι .., Od.14.51, 526, Pi.N.5.46; ἐχάρην καὶ ἐθρασυνάμην ὅτι ἔμαθον .. Metrod.Fr.42; χ. οὕνεκα .. Od.8.200.II with negat., esp. with [tense] fut., οὐ χαιρήσεις thou wilt or shalt not rejoice, i.e. thou shalt not go unpunished, shalt repent it, Ar.Pl.64;οὐ χαιρήσετον Id.Eq. 235
; soοὐδέ τιν' οἴω Τρώων χαιρήσειν Il.20.363
, cf.15.98, Od.2.249, Ar.V. 186; ἀλλ' οὐδ' ὣς Κῦρόςγε χαιρήσει Hdt.1.128
; with an interrog.,σὺ.. χαιρήσειν νομίζεις; Plu.Alex.51
: rarely with other tenses,ὅπως ἂν μὴ χαίρωσιν. D.19.299
;οὐκ ἐχαίρησεν Plu.Luc.25
: for a similar use of the part., v. infr. IV. 2.1 at meeting, hail, welcome (esp. in the morning, acc. to D.C.69.18, cf. Luc.Laps.), Il.9.197, Od.13.229, etc.;χαῖρε, ξεῖνε, παρ' ἄμμι φιλήσεαι 1.123
; strengthd.,οὖλέ τε, καὶ μάλα χαῖρε, θεοὶ δέ τοι ὄλβια δοῖεν 24.402
;χαῖρέ μοι Il.23.19
, cf. S.OC 1137; repeated, A.Eu. 996, 1014 (both lyr.), S.Aj.91, etc.;χαῖρ' ὡς μέγιστα, χαῖρε Id.Ph. 462
; in greeting one's native land, the sun, etc., A.Ag. 508,22, S.Ph. 1453 (anap.).b sts. implied in the use of χαίρω, κῆρυξ Ἀχαιῶν, χαῖρε .. Answ. χαίρω I accept the greeting, A.Ag. 538; νῦν πᾶσι χαίρω, νῦν με πᾶς ἀσπάζεται I hear the word χαῖρε from all, S.OT 596: so in inf., τὸ χαίρειν dub. l. in Pl.Chrm. 164e; χαίρειν δὲ τὸν κήρυκα προὐννέπω I bid him welcome, S.Tr. 227;προσειπών τινα χ. οὐκ ἀντιπροσερρήθη X.Mem.3.13.1
; but χαίρειν τἄλλ' ἐγώ σ' ἐφίεμαι I bid thee have thy pleasure, S.Aj. 112.c inf. alone at the beginning of letters, Κῦρος Κυαζάρῃ χαίρειν (sc. λέγει) X.Cyr.4.5.27, cf. Theoc.14.1; used by Alexander the Great to Phocion as a mark of respect, Duris 51J.2 at leavetaking, fare-thee-well, Od.5.205, 13.59, 15.151;χαῖρε πόλλ' ὦδελφέ Ar.Ra. 164
; pl.,χαίρετε πολλάκι Theoc.1.144
; freq. put into the mouth of the dying, S.Aj. 863, Tr. 921, Pl.Phd. 116d, etc.: hence in sepulchral inscriptions, IG7.203, etc.b hence, imper. χαιρέτω, χαιρόντων, have done with.., away with..,εἴτ' ἐγένετο ἄνθρωπος εἴτ' ἐστὶ δαίμων, χαιρέτω Hdt.4.96
;χαιρέτω βουλεύματα τὰ πρόσθεν E. Med. 1044
,χαιρόντων πόνοι Id.HF 575
; cf. Pl.Smp. 199a, Lg. 636d, 886d.c ἐᾶν χαίρειν τινά or τι dismiss from one's mind, put away, renounce, Hdt.6.23, 9.41, Ar.Pl. 1187, Pl.Phd. 63e, Prt. 348a, X.An.7.3.23, etc.;συχνὰ χ. ἐᾶν τινα Pl.Phlb. 59b
;ἐλευθερίαν μακρὰ χ. ἐᾶν Luc.Apol.3
;μακρὰ χ. εἰποῦσα Ael.VH12.1
; ;τὴν Κύπριν πόλλ' ἐγὼ χαίρειν λέγω E.Hipp. 113
, cf. 1059, Pl.Tht. 188a;χ. κελεύων πολλὰ τοὺς Ἀχαρνέας Ar.Ach. 200
;εἰπεῖν χαίρειν τινά Ath.Mitt.56.131
(Milet., Hellenistic), cf. Luc.Dem.Enc.50;χαίρειν προσαγορεύειν Ar.Pl. 322
(metaph. in Pl.Lg. 771a);χαίρειν προσειπεῖν Eup.308
: less freq. c. dat. pers. (never with ἐᾶν χ.), πολλὰ χαίρειν ξυμφοραῖς καταξιῶ A.Ag. 572
(nisi leg. ξυμφοράς); φράσαι.. χαίρειν Ἀθηναίοισι Ar.Nu. 609
(troch.);πολλὰ εἰπόντα χ. τῷ ἀληθεῖ Pl.Phdr. 272e
, cf. Phd. 64c, R. 406d, X.HG4.1.31 (codd., fort. ἀλλήλους), Jul.ad Them.255a.3 on other occasions, as in comforting, be of good cheer, Od.8.408; at meals, 4.60, 18.122; χαῖρε, γύναι, φιλότητι good luck be on our union, 11.248;εὐχωλῇς χαίρετε 13.358
:χαῖρε ἀοιδῇ h.Hom.9.7
.IV part. glad, joyful,Il.
1.446, etc.; ;χαίροντι φέρειν.. χαίρων 17.83
; λυπούμενοι καὶ χαίροντες in sorrow and in joy, Arist.Rh. 1356a16: also [tense] pf. part.κεχαρηκώς Hdt.3.27
,42, etc.2 joined with another Verb, safe and sound, with impunity, χαίροντα ἀπαλλάσσειν ib.69, cf. 9.106, D.24.153; more freq. with a neg., οὐ χαίρων to one's cost,οὐ χαίροντες γέλωτα ἐμὲ θήσεσθε Hdt.3.29
;οὔ τι χαίρων.. ἐρεῖς S. OT 363
, cf. Ant. 759, Ph. 1299, E.Med. 398, Ar.Ach. 563, Pl.Grg. 510d;οὐ γὰπ.. χαίρων τις.. τοὐμὸν ἀλγυνεῖ κέαρ Eup.90
;οὔτε χαίροντες ἂν ἀπαλλάζαιτε X.An.5.6.32
; alsoοὔτι χαιρήσων γε σύ Ar.V. 186
; cf. supr. 11.3 in the same sense as imper. (supr. 111), σὺ δέ μοι χαίρων ἀφίκοιο fare-thee-well, and may'st thou arrive, Od.15.128, cf. Theoc.2.163; χαίροισ' ἔρχεο go thy way rejoicing, Sapph.Supp.23.7; ἀλλ' ἑρπέτω χαίρουσα let her go with a benison, S.Tr. 819; χαίρων ἴθι fare-thee-well, E.Alc. 813, Ph. 921;χαίρουσα.. στεῖχε Id.Hipp. 1440
.4τὸ χαῖρον τῆς ψυχῆς Plu.2.136c
, 1089e. -
42 popular
adjective1) (well liked) beliebt; populär [Entscheidung, Maßnahme]he was a very popular choice — mit ihm hatte man sich für einen sehr beliebten od. populären Mann entschieden
2) (suited to the public) volkstümlich; populär (geh.)popular newspaper — Massenblatt, das
3) (prevalent) landläufig; allgemein [Unzufriedenheit]4) (of the people) Volks-; verbreitet [Aberglaube, Irrtum, Meinung]; allgemein [Wahl, Zustimmung, Unterstützung]* * *['popjulə]1) (liked by most people: a popular holiday resort; a popular person; She is very popular with children.) beliebt2) (believed by most people: a popular theory.) weitverbreitet3) (of the people in general: popular rejoicing.) Volks-...4) (easily read, understood etc by most people: a popular history of Britain.) gemeinverständlich•- academic.ru/56818/popularly">popularly- popularity
- popularize
- popularise* * *popu·lar[ˈpɒpjələʳ, AM ˈpɑ:pjəlɚ]adj inv1. (widely liked) beliebt, populärthe new scheme has proved enormously \popular das neue System kommt sehr gut anyou won't be very \popular if you burn the sausages du wirst dich nicht grade beliebt machen, wenn du die Würstchen verbrennst; ( iron hum)I bet you were \popular when your parents got their phone bill! ich wette, deine Eltern haben sich sehr bei dir bedankt, als sie ihre Telefonrechnung gesehen haben! iron hum▪ to be \popular with sb bei jdm beliebt seina \popular brand eine beliebte [o bekannte] Marke\popular music Unterhaltungsmusik fthe \popular press die Massenmedien pl\popular science Populärwissenschaft fit is a \popular belief that... viele glauben, dass...a \popular saying ein geflügeltes Wortthe socialists can no longer be sure of the \popular vote die Sozialisten können sich nicht mehr auf die Unterstützung der breiten Massen verlassenby \popular request auf allgemeinen Wunsch\popular support Unterstützung f durch breite Schichten der Bevölkerung* * *['pɒpjʊlə(r)]adj1) (= well-liked) beliebt (with bei); (with the public) populär, beliebt (with bei); decision, measure populärI know I won't be popular if I decide that, but... — ich weiß, dass ich mich nicht gerade beliebt mache, wenn ich so entscheide, aber...
he's not the most popular of men at the moment — er ist im Augenblick nicht gerade einer der Beliebtesten or (with the public also) Populärsten
he was a very popular choice — seine Wahl fand großen Anklang
2) (= suitable for the general public) populär; music leicht; prices erschwinglich; lectures, journal populärwissenschaftlich; television, entertainer populär, beliebt; newspaper weitverbreitetpopular theatre — Volkstheater nt, Boulevardtheater nt
3) (= widespread) belief, fallacy, conviction, discontent, myth weitverbreitet, weit verbreitetpopular remedy — Hausmittel nt
it's popular to despise politicians these days — es gehört heutzutage zum guten Ton, sich über Politiker abfällig zu äußern
4) (POL) (= of or for the people) government, approval, consent, support des Volkes; (= democratic, public) vote öffentlich, allgemein; referendum öffentlich, offen, allgemein; demand groß, allgemein; democracy allgemeinhe isn't the popular idea of a great leader to rule by popular consent — er entspricht nicht gerade der gängigen Vorstellung von einem großen Führer mit Zustimmung der Allgemeinheit regieren
* * *1. Volks…:popular government Volksherrschaft f;popular uprising Volksaufstand m;the popular voice die Stimme des Volkes2. allgemein, weitverbreitet (Irrtum, Unzufriedenheit etc)3. populär, (allgemein) beliebt ( beide:with bei):make o.s. popular with sich bei jemandem beliebt machen;be very popular sich großer Beliebtheit erfreuen;be popular with bei jemandem gut angeschrieben sein;the popular hero der Held des Tages;popular taste Publikumsgeschmack m4. a) populär, volkstümlichb) allgemein oder leicht verständlich, Populär…:popular magazine populäre Zeitschrift;popular music volkstümliche Musik;popular press Boulevardpresse f;popular science Populärwissenschaft f;popular writer Volksschriftsteller(in)5. volkstümlich, (für jeden) erschwinglich:popular edition Volksausgabe f;popular prices volkstümliche Preisepop. abk1. popular (popularly)2. population Bev.* * *adjective1) (well liked) beliebt; populär [Entscheidung, Maßnahme]he was a very popular choice — mit ihm hatte man sich für einen sehr beliebten od. populären Mann entschieden
2) (suited to the public) volkstümlich; populär (geh.)popular newspaper — Massenblatt, das
3) (prevalent) landläufig; allgemein [Unzufriedenheit]4) (of the people) Volks-; verbreitet [Aberglaube, Irrtum, Meinung]; allgemein [Wahl, Zustimmung, Unterstützung]* * *adj.beliebt adj.populär adj.volkstümlich adj. -
43 δικαιοσύνη
δικαιοσύνη, ης, ἡ (s. δίκαιος; Theognis, Hdt.+) gener. the quality of being upright. Theognis 1, 147 defines δ. as the sum of all ἀρετή; acc. to Demosth. (20, 165) it is the opp. of κακία. A strict classification of δ. in the NT is complicated by freq. interplay of abstract and concrete aspects drawn from OT and Gr-Rom. cultures, in which a sense of equitableness combines with awareness of responsibility within a social context.① the quality, state, or practice of judicial responsibility w. focus on fairness, justice, equitableness, fairnessⓐ of human beings (a common theme in honorary ins, e.g. IPriene 71, 14f; 22f of a judge named Alexis; Danker, Benefactor 346–48; cp. Aristot., EN 5, 1, 8, 1129a τὸ μὲν δίκαιον ἄρα τὸ νόμιμον καὶ τὸ ἴσον ‘uprightness consists of that which is lawful and fair’; Ath. 34:2 ἔστι δὲ δ. ἴσα ἴσοις ἀμείβειν ‘uprightness means to answer like with like’; for association of δ. with judgment s. also Diog. L. 3, 79; in contexts of praise δ. suggests authority involving juridical responsibility FX 7, ’81, 255 n. 229) δ. κρίσεως ἀρχὴ καὶ τέλος uprightness is the beginning and end of judgment B 1:6. Melchizedek as βασιλεὺς δικαιοσύνης Hb 7:2. ἐργάζεσθαι δικαιοσύνην administer justice Hb 11:33; κρίνειν ἐν δ. (Ps 71:2f; 95:13; Sir 45:26; PsSol 8:24) judge justly Ac 17:31, cp. Mk 16:14 v.l. (Freer ms. line 5 in N. app.); Ro 9:28 v.l. (Is 10:22). ποιεῖν κρίμα καὶ δ. practice justice and uprightness 1 Cl 13:1 (Jer 9:23). καθιστάναι τοὺς ἐπισκοπούς ἐν δ. appoint overseers in uprightness= who will serve justly 1 Cl 42:5 (Is 60:17). David rejoices in God’s δ. 1 Cl 18:15 (Ps 50:16; s. ἀγαλλιάω, end).ⓑ of transcendent figures (Pla. τὴν δ. θεοῦ νόμον ὑπελάμβανεν ‘considered divine justice [i.e. apportionment of reward or retribution in accordance with behavior] a principle’ or ‘system’ that served as a deterrent of crime Diog. L. 3, 79). Of an apocalyptic horseman ἐν δικαιοσύνῃ κρινεῖ Rv 19:11.② quality or state of juridical correctness with focus on redemptive action, righteousness. Equitableness is esp. associated w. God (cp. Paradoxogr. Vat. 43 Keller αἰτεῖται παρὰ τ. θεῶν οὐδὲν ἄλλο πλὴν δικαιοσύνης), and in our lit. freq. in connection w. exercise of executive privilege in conferring a benefit. Hence God’s δ. can be the opposite of condemnation 2 Cor 3:9 (s. below); in it God is revealed as judge Rom 3:5—in contrast to human wrath, which beclouds judgment—displaying judicial integrity 3:25 (on this pass. s. also below). Cp. ἐκάλεσά σε ἐν δ. B 14:7 (Is 42:6). Also of equitable privilege allotted by God 2 Pt 1:1.—In Pauline thought the intimate association of God’s interest in retaining a reputation for justice that rewards goodness and requites evil, while at the same time working out a plan of salvation for all humanity, complicates classification of his use of δικαιοσύνη. On the one hand, God’s δ. is pardoning action, and on the other a way of sharing God’s character with believers, who then exhibit righteousness in the moral sense. God achieves this objective through exercise of executive privilege in dispensing justice equitably without reference to νόμος by making salvation available to all humanity (which shares a common problem of liability to wrath by being unanimously in revolt against God Ro 3:9–18, 23) through faith in God’s action in Jesus Christ. The genitival constr. δ. θεοῦ accents the uniqueness of this δ.: Ro 1:17; 3:21f, 25, 26 (s. these pass. also below; Reumann, 3c end); 10:3, and δ. alone 5:21; 9:30 (3 times); 2 Cor 3:9 (opp. κατάκρισις; cp. Dg 9:3; 5). 2 Cor 5:21 may belong here if δ. is viewed as abstract for concrete=δικαιωθέντες (but s. below). All these refer to righteousness bestowed by God cp. ἡ δωρεὰ τῆς δ. Ro 5:17, also 1 Cor 1:30 (sim. 1QS 11, 9–15; 1QH 4, 30–37). In this area it closely approximates salvation (cp. Is 46:13; 51:5 and s. NSnaith, Distinctive Ideas of the OT ’46, 207–22, esp. 218–22; EKäsemann, ZTK 58, ’61, 367–78 [against him RBultmann, JBL 83, ’64, 12–16]). According to some interpreters hunger and thirst for uprightness Mt 5:6 perh. offers (but s. 3a below) a related eschatological sense (‘Kingdom of God’, FNötscher, Biblica 31, ’50, 237–41=Vom A zum NT, ’62, 226–30).—Keeping the law cannot bring about uprightness Ro 3:21; Gal 2:21; 3:21, because δ. ἐκ τοῦ νόμου uprightness based on the law Ro 10:5 (cp. 9:30f), as ἰδία δ. one’s own (self-made) upr. 10:3, is impossible. God’s δ. without ref. to νόμος is to be apprehended by faith Ro 1:17; 3:22, 26; 4:3ff, 13; 9:30; 10:4, 6, 10 (cp. Hb 11:7 ἡ κατὰ πίστιν δ. righteousness based on faith; s. B-D-F §224, 1), for which reason faith is ‘calculated as righteousness’ (Gen 15:6; Ps 105:31; 1 Macc 2:52) Ro 4:3, 5f, 9, 11, 13, 22; Gal 3:6 (cp. Hb 11:7; Js 2:23; AMeyer, D. Rätsel des Jk 1930, 86ff; 1 Cl 10:6; B 13:7). Of Jesus as our righteousness 1 Cor 1:30.—As gift and power Ro 5:17, 21, and because it is intimately associated with the δύναμις of Christ’s resurrection Phil 3:9f (s. below), this righteousness enables the redeemed to respond and serve God faithfully Ro 6:13 (in wordplay opp. of ἀδικία), 16, 18ff; cp. 1 Cor 1:30 of Christ as instrument of God’s gift of δ.; 2 Cor 3:9. Thus God’s δ. functions as δύναμις 6:7 within Christians 5:21 (i.e. the way God acts in justifying or restoring people to a relationship with God’s self serves as a model for Christian interaction; for a difft. view, s. above) through the Spirit (Ro 8:9) and assures them they will have life that will be fully realized at the end of the age Ro 8:10f; for the time being it is a matter of hope ἐλπὶς δικαιοσύνης Gal 5:5 (cp. Is 51:5); cp. ἡ ἐκ θεοῦ δ. Phil 3:9. Pol 8:1 shares Paul’s view: Christ as ἀρραβὼν τῆς δ.—God’s uprightness as gift τοῦ κυρίου τοῦ ἐφʼ ὑμᾶς στάξαντος τὴν δ. who distills uprightness on you Hv 3, 9, 1.—Such perspectives offer a transition to specific ways in which the redeemed express uprightness.③ the quality or characteristic of upright behavior, uprightness, righteousnessⓐ of uprightness in general: Mt 5:6 (cp. 6:33; some interpret 5:6 in an eschatological sense, s. 2 above; on desire for δ. cp. ἐπιθυμία τῆς δ. Hm 12, 2, 4); Mt 5:10, 20 (s. b, below); Hm 10, 1, 5; Dg 10:8; λόγος δικαιοσύνης Hb 5:13; Pol 9:1 (s. also Epict., Fgm. Stob. 26; when a man is excited by the λόγος in meetings, he should give expression to τὰ τῆς δικαιοσύνης λόγια). πάσχειν διὰ δ. 1 Pt 3:14. ἄγγελος τῆς δ. Hm 6, 2, 1; 3; 8; 10. ῥήματα δ. 8:9. 10, 1, 5; Dg 10:8; Pol 2:3; 3:1; ἐντολὴ δ. commandment of upr. Pol 3:3; 9:1.—Mt 6:33 of the kind of δ. God expects (on δ. as characteristic required by God acc. to Jewish perspective s. Bousset, Rel.3 387ff; 379ff; 423; cp. KFahlgren, Sẹdāḳā, nahestehende u. entgegengesetzte Begriffe im Alten Testament, diss. Uppsala ’32.—S. Diog. L. 3, 83 on Plato’s view of δικαιοσύνη περὶ θεούς or δ. πρὸς τοὺς θεούς=performance of prescribed duties toward gods; s. also ref. to 3, 79 at 1b above). Christ’s δ. Dg 9:3, 5. διαλέγεσθαι περὶ δ. Ac 24:25. Opp. ἀδικία (Hippol., Ref. 4, 43, 12; Did., Gen. 20, 27) 2 Cl 19:2; Dg 9:1. As ἀρετή Hm 1:2; Hs 6, 1, 4; 8, 10, 3. Opp. ἀνομία 2 Cor 6:14; cp. 2 Cor. 11:15 (ironical); Hb 1:9 (Ps 44:8); ἁμαρτία, which is the dominating power before δ. θεοῦ comes into play Ro 6:16, 18–20; cp. 1 Pt 2:24. ἐργάζεσθαι δ. (Ps 14:2) do what is right Ac 10:35; accomplish righteousness Js 1:20 (W-S. §30, 7g); Hv 2, 2, 7; 2, 3, 3; m 5, 1, 1; 12, 3, 1; 12, 6, 2; Hs 9, 13, 7. Also ἔργον δικαιοσύνης ἐργάζεσθαι 1 Cl 33:8. Opp. οὐδὲν ἐργάζεσθαι τῇ δ. Hs 5, 1, 4; ποιεῖν (τὴν) δ. (2 Km 8:15; Ps 105:3; Is 56:1; 58:2; 1 Macc 14:35 al.) do what is right 1J 2:29; 3:7, 10; Rv 22:11; 2 Cl 4:2; 11:7. Also πράσσειν τὴν δ. 2 Cl 19:3; διώκειν τὴν δ. (cp. Sir 27:8 διώκ. τὸ δίκαιον) seek to attain/achieve upr. Ro 9:30; 1 Ti 6:11; 2 Ti 2:22; 2 Cl 18:2; δ. ἀσκεῖν Hm 8:10. ὁδὸς (τῆς) δ. (ὁδός 3ab) Mt 21:32; 2 Pt 2:21; B 1:4; 5:4. προπορεύσεται ἔμπροσθεν σου ἡ δ. 3:4 (Is 58:8); cp. 4:12. κατορθοῦσθαι τὰς ὁδοὺς ἐν δ. walk uprightly Hv 2, 2, 6; τῇ δ. ζήσωμεν live uprightly 1 Pt 2:24. πύλη δ. gate of upr. 1 Cl 48:2 (Ps 117:19), cp. vs. 4. ἐν οἷς δ. κατοικεῖ (cp. Is 32:16) in which righteousness dwells 2 Pt 3:13. Of Christ’s body δικαιοσύνης ναο͂ς AcPlCor 2:17. παιδεία ἡ ἐν δ. training in uprightness 2 Ti 3:16. ἔργα τὰ ἐν δ. righteous deeds Tit 3:5. λαμπρότης ἐν δ. rejoicing in uprightness 1 Cl 35:2; ἐχθρὸς πάσης δ. enemy of every kind of upr. Ac 13:10. W. ὁσιότης (Wsd 9:3): holiness and upr. (as the relig. and moral side of conduct; cp. 1QS 1:5; 8:2; 11:9–15; 1QH 4:30f) Lk 1:75 (λατρεύειν ἐν δ. as Josh 24:14); Eph 4:24; 1 Cl 48:4. W. πίστις (OGI 438, 8; 1 Macc 14:35; Just., D. 110, 3) Pol 9:2; cp. 2 Pt 1:1. With εἰρήνη (Is 39:8; 48:18) and χαρά Ro 14:17; cp. 1 Cl 3:4; Hb 7:2 (but s. 1a, above). W. ἀλήθεια (Is 45:19; 48:1) Eph 5:9; 1 Cl 31:2; 62:2; Hs 9, 25, 2. W. ἀγάπη 2 Cl 12:1. W. ἀγαθωσύνη Eph 5:9. W. ἁγνεία Hs 9, 16, 7. W. γνῶσις κυρίου (cp. Pr 16:8) D 11:2. ὅπλα (τῆς) δ. tools or weapons of uprightness Ro 6:13; 2 Cor 6:7; Pol 4:1; θῶραξ τῆς δ. (Is 59:17; Wsd 5:18) breastplate of upr. Eph 6:14. τέκνα δικαιοσύνης (opp. ὀργῆς) AcPlCor 2:19. διάκονοι δικαιοσύνης servants of upr. 2 Cor 11:15; Pol 5:2; μισθός δ. D 5:2; B 20:2; μέρος δ. portion in (eternal salvation) which is meant for righteousness ApPt Rainer 6; καρπὸς δικαιοσύνης (Pr 3:9; 11:30; 13:2) produce of uprightness (ApcSed 12:5) Phil 1:11; Hb 12:11; Js 3:18; Hs 9, 19, 2; GJs 6:3. ὁ τῆς δ. στέφανος the crown of upr. (w. which the upright are adorned; cp. TestLevi 8:2; Rtzst., Mysterienrel.3 258; a common theme in honorary ins recognizing distinguished public service, s. indexes SIG, OGI and other ins corpora; Danker, Benefactor 345–47; s. also the boast of Augustus, s.v. δίκαιος 1aα) 2 Ti 4:8; cp. ἡ τ. δικαιοσύνης δόξα the glory of upr. ending of Mk in the Freer ms. ln. 11f. Described as a characteristic to be taught and learned, because it depends on a knowledge of God’s will: κῆρυξ δ. preacher of upr. 2 Pt 2:5 (cp. Ar. 15:2 τῇ δ. τοῦ κηρύγματος). διδάσκειν δ. teach upr. (of Paul) 1 Cl 5:7. μέρος τι ἐκ τῆς δ. a portion of uprightness Hv 3, 1, 6; cp. 3, 6, 4; δ. μεγάλην ἐργάζεσθαι m 8:2.—ἐλέγχειν περὶ δικαιοσύνης convict w. regard to uprightness (of Jesus) J 16:8, 10 (s. WHatch, HTR 14, 1921, 103–5; HWindisch: Jülicher Festschr. 1927, 119f; HTribble, Rev. and Expos. 32, ’37, 269–80; BLindars, BRigaux Festschr., ’70, 275–85).ⓑ of specific action righteousness in the sense of fulfilling divine expectation not specifically expressed in ordinances (Orig., C. Cels. 7, 18, 39; Did., Gen. 188, 27: οἱ κατὰ δ. ζῶντες) Mt 3:15=ISm 1:1; of a superior type Mt 5:20 (s. JMoffatt, ET 13, 1902, 201–6, OOlevieri, Biblica 5, 1924, 201ff; Betz, SM 190f); not to win plaudits 6:1. To please outsiders as well as oneself 2 Cl 13:1. W. characteristic restriction of mng. mercy, charitableness (cp. Tob 12:9) of God, whose concern for the poor 2 Cor 9:9 (Ps 111:9) is exemplary for the recipients of the letter vs. 10; participation in such activity belongs, according to Mt 6:1f (cp. δίκαιος 1:19: Joseph combines justice and mercy), to the practice of piety (on the development of the word’s mng. in this direction s. Bousset, Rel.3 380). Pl. (B-D-F §142; W-S. §27, 4d; Rob. 408 δικαιοσύναι righteous deeds (Ezk 3:20; 33:13; Da 9:18) 2 Cl 6:9. δικαιοσύναι righteous deeds (Ezk 3:20; 33:13; Da 9:18; TestAbr A 12 p. 91, 12 [Stone p. 30]) 2 Cl 6:9. ἀρετὴ δικαιοσύνης Hm 1:2; Hs 6, 1, 4; cp. 8, 10, 3.ⓒ uprightness as determined by divine/legal standards δ. θεοῦ upr. that meets God’s standard Js 1:20 (W-S. 30, §7g).—Ro 10:5; Gal 2:21; 3:21; Phil 3:6; 3:9.—ASchmitt, Δικαιοσύνη θεοῦ: JGeffcken Festschr. ’31, 111–31; FHellegers, D. Gerechtigkeit Gottes im Rö., diss. Tüb. ’39; AOepke, TLZ 78, ’53, 257–64.—Dodd 42–59; ADescamps, Studia Hellenistica, ’48, 69–92.—S. also JRopes, Righteousness in the OT and in St. Paul: JBL 22, 1903, 211ff; JGerretsen, Rechtvaardigmaking bij Pls 1905; GottfrKittel, StKr 80, 1907, 217–33; ETobac, Le problème de la Justification dans S. Paul 1908; EDobschütz, Über d. paul. Rechtfertigungslehre: StKr 85, 1912, 38–87; GWetter, D. Vergeltungsged. b. Pls 1912, 161ff; BWestcott, St. Paul and Justification 1913; WMacholz, StKr 88, 1915, 29ff; EBurton ICC, Gal. 1921, 460–74; WMichaelis, Rechtf. aus Glauben b. Pls: Deissmann Festschr. 1927, 116–38; ELohmeyer, Grundlagen d. paul. Theologie 1929, 52ff; HBraun, Gerichtsged. u. Rechtfertigungslehre b. Pls. 1930; OZänker, Δικαιοσύνη θεοῦ b. Pls: ZST 9, ’32, 398–420; FFilson, St. P.’s Conception of Recompense ’31; WGrundmann, ZNW 32, ’33, 52–65; H-DWendland, D. Mitte der paul. Botschaft ’35; RGyllenberg, D. paul. Rechtfertigungslehre u. das AT: Studia Theologica (Riga) I ’35, 35–52; HJager, Rechtvaardiging en zekerheid des geloofs (Ro 1:16f; 3:21–5:11) ’39; HHofer, D. Rechtfertigungsverk. des Pls nach neuerer Forschg. ’40; VTaylor, Forgiveness and Reconciliation ’41; RBultmann, Theologie des NT ’48, 266–80, Eng. tr. KGrobel ’51, I 270–85; SSchulz, ZTK 56, ’59, 155–85 (Qumran and Paul); CMüller, FRL 86, ’64 (Ro 9–11); JBecker, Das Heil Gottes, ’64; PStuhlmacher, Gerechtigkeit Gottes b. Paulus, ’65; JReumann, Int 20, ’66, 432–52 (Ro 3:21–31); HBraun, Qumran II, ’66, 165–80; JZiesler, The Mng. of Righteousness in Paul, ’72; ESanders, Paul and Palestinian Judaism, ’77 (s. index 625; appendix by MBrauch 523–42 rev. of discussions in Germany); SWilliams, JBL 99, ’80, 241–90.—CPerella, De justificatione sec. Hb: Biblica 14, ’33, 1–21; 150–69. S. also the lit. on πίστις and ἁμαρτία.—On the whole word s. RAC X 233–360; AKöberle, Rechtfertigung u. Heiligung 1930; EDNT I 325–30.—DELG s.v. δίκη. M-M. EDNT.TW. Sv. -
44 ערב I
עָרַבI (b. h.; cmp. אָרַב) (to insert, press into, interweave, 1) to mix, confuse. Yalk. Deut. 808 עָרְבוּ את העיסה (or עֵרְבוּ Pi.; not ערכו), v. עִיסָה. 2) to substitute, put in place of, to vouch for. Cant. R. to I, 4 אבותינו עוֹרְבִים אותנו let our ancestors be our surety (for our observance of the Law); Yalk. Cant. 982. Deut. R. s. 3 מבקשים אתם שנַעֲרוֹב אתכסוכ׳ do you want us to guarantee to you that, if you separate your tithes properly, the mice will not attack your grain any more? Ib. ע׳ אותן והלכו he did guarantee to them, and the mice went Tanḥ. Vayigg. 5 מפני מה לא עָרַבְתָּ אתוכ׳ why didst thou not pledge thyself for thy brother &c?; a. fr. Pi. עֵירֵב 1) to mix. Gitt.52b שמואל אמר מְעָרֵב Samuel explains ( המנסך ib. V, 4, v. נָסַךְ), he who mixes forbidden wine with his neighbors permitted wine. Koh. R. to IX, 13, a. e. המערב מים בייןוכ׳ who puts water into wine, v. גְּלַבְקְיָא. M. Kat. 8b אין מְעָרְבִין שמחה בשמחה you must not mix one rejoicing with another (e. g. celebrate a wedding during the Festive Week); Gen. R. s. 70. Y.Ber.II, 4d top; Y.Meg.I, 71c עי׳ את האותיות if one made the letters of a word of uneven sizes (so that they are not in a line). Gen. R. s. 15 שלא לעָרֵב את האותיות he said המוציא in order not to confound the letters (by saying העולם מוציא); Y.Ber.VI, 10a bot. ראשי אותיות; a. fr.Part. pass. מְעוּרָב; f. מְעוּרֶבֶת; pl. מְעוּרָבִים, מְעוּרָבִין; מְעוּרָבוֹת. Yalk. Deut. 808 וראה הפת מע׳ קיבר and saw that the bread was mixed with coarse flour. Erub.27a כשקרבי דגים מע׳ בהן when entrails of fish are mixed up with the brine; a. e.Lev. R. s. 20 (in Chald. dict.) מעורב, v. עַרְבֵּב. 2) (denom. of עֵירוּב 2) to lay an ʿErub, to create a symbolical community of residence or continuity of action. Erub.III, 1 מערבין לנזיר ביין you may use wine for an ʿErub for the benefit of a Nazarite. Ib. 84b; 87b עד שיְעָרְבוּ until they connect them symbolically by an ʿErub; a. v. fr.Part. pass. as ab. Sabb.XVI, 3 חצר המע׳ a court which has been made available for Sabbath movements by means of an ʿErub; a. e. 3) to pledge. Part. pass. as ab. Esth. R. to I, 1 (ref. to בני התערבות, 2 Chr. 25:24) שהיו מְעוּרָבוֹתֵיהֶן של אבותיהן they were the hostages for their fathers. Hithpa. הִתְעָרֵב, Nithpa. נִתְעָרֵב to be mixed. Ḥull.VI, 5 דםשנ׳ במים if blood (which requires covering up, v. כִּיסּוּי) has been mixed with water. Tosef.Ter.V, 15 פרוסות … שנִתְעָרְבוּוכ׳ if pieces of show-bread have become mixed up with a hundred times as many pieces of secular bread; Yeb.81b פרוסה … שנִתְעָרְבָהוכ׳; Y.Orl.II, 61d bot. Cant. R. to I, 3 מה השמן הזה אין מִתְעָרֵב … אין מִתְעָרְבִיםוכ׳ as oil cannot be mixed with other liquids, so Israel should not be mixed with the nations of the world; a. fr. -
45 עָרַב
עָרַבI (b. h.; cmp. אָרַב) (to insert, press into, interweave, 1) to mix, confuse. Yalk. Deut. 808 עָרְבוּ את העיסה (or עֵרְבוּ Pi.; not ערכו), v. עִיסָה. 2) to substitute, put in place of, to vouch for. Cant. R. to I, 4 אבותינו עוֹרְבִים אותנו let our ancestors be our surety (for our observance of the Law); Yalk. Cant. 982. Deut. R. s. 3 מבקשים אתם שנַעֲרוֹב אתכסוכ׳ do you want us to guarantee to you that, if you separate your tithes properly, the mice will not attack your grain any more? Ib. ע׳ אותן והלכו he did guarantee to them, and the mice went Tanḥ. Vayigg. 5 מפני מה לא עָרַבְתָּ אתוכ׳ why didst thou not pledge thyself for thy brother &c?; a. fr. Pi. עֵירֵב 1) to mix. Gitt.52b שמואל אמר מְעָרֵב Samuel explains ( המנסך ib. V, 4, v. נָסַךְ), he who mixes forbidden wine with his neighbors permitted wine. Koh. R. to IX, 13, a. e. המערב מים בייןוכ׳ who puts water into wine, v. גְּלַבְקְיָא. M. Kat. 8b אין מְעָרְבִין שמחה בשמחה you must not mix one rejoicing with another (e. g. celebrate a wedding during the Festive Week); Gen. R. s. 70. Y.Ber.II, 4d top; Y.Meg.I, 71c עי׳ את האותיות if one made the letters of a word of uneven sizes (so that they are not in a line). Gen. R. s. 15 שלא לעָרֵב את האותיות he said המוציא in order not to confound the letters (by saying העולם מוציא); Y.Ber.VI, 10a bot. ראשי אותיות; a. fr.Part. pass. מְעוּרָב; f. מְעוּרֶבֶת; pl. מְעוּרָבִים, מְעוּרָבִין; מְעוּרָבוֹת. Yalk. Deut. 808 וראה הפת מע׳ קיבר and saw that the bread was mixed with coarse flour. Erub.27a כשקרבי דגים מע׳ בהן when entrails of fish are mixed up with the brine; a. e.Lev. R. s. 20 (in Chald. dict.) מעורב, v. עַרְבֵּב. 2) (denom. of עֵירוּב 2) to lay an ʿErub, to create a symbolical community of residence or continuity of action. Erub.III, 1 מערבין לנזיר ביין you may use wine for an ʿErub for the benefit of a Nazarite. Ib. 84b; 87b עד שיְעָרְבוּ until they connect them symbolically by an ʿErub; a. v. fr.Part. pass. as ab. Sabb.XVI, 3 חצר המע׳ a court which has been made available for Sabbath movements by means of an ʿErub; a. e. 3) to pledge. Part. pass. as ab. Esth. R. to I, 1 (ref. to בני התערבות, 2 Chr. 25:24) שהיו מְעוּרָבוֹתֵיהֶן של אבותיהן they were the hostages for their fathers. Hithpa. הִתְעָרֵב, Nithpa. נִתְעָרֵב to be mixed. Ḥull.VI, 5 דםשנ׳ במים if blood (which requires covering up, v. כִּיסּוּי) has been mixed with water. Tosef.Ter.V, 15 פרוסות … שנִתְעָרְבוּוכ׳ if pieces of show-bread have become mixed up with a hundred times as many pieces of secular bread; Yeb.81b פרוסה … שנִתְעָרְבָהוכ׳; Y.Orl.II, 61d bot. Cant. R. to I, 3 מה השמן הזה אין מִתְעָרֵב … אין מִתְעָרְבִיםוכ׳ as oil cannot be mixed with other liquids, so Israel should not be mixed with the nations of the world; a. fr. -
46 קפץ
קָפַץ(b. h.) 1) to contract, shrink; to close. Midr. Till., to Ps. 22:20 היה השרביט קוֹפֵץ the scepter grew smaller and smaller; Yalk. ib. 687. Gen. R. s. 39 קוֹפֶצֶת באחת מאגפיהוכ׳ contracts herself with (flaps) one wing, v. יוֹנָה II. Snh.95a שלשה קָפְצָה להם הארץ (Ar. הדרך) for three persons did the earth (the road) shrink (they were suddenly transferred to a distant place); Yalk. Gen. 107. Y.Taan.IV, 69b קפצה להא״י Palestine has shrunk; a. fr.ק׳ פה (or sub. פה) to close the mouth, to indicate ones will by mimic motions. Gitt. V, 7 קוֹפֵץ ונִקְפָּץ a deaf and dumb person may transact business by motions with closed lips and by being spoken to in the same way.Part. pass. קָפוּץ; f. קְפוּצָה Koh. R. to V, 14 כשאדם … ידין הן קְפוּצוֹתוכ׳ when man enters the world, his hands are clenched, as if saying, the whole world is mine, opp. פשוטות straight, open. 2) to leap (with joined feet), jump; to be excited. Midr. Till. l. c. אותה קפיצה שקָפַצְתָּ על אבותי בים כן תִּקְפּוֹץ עלי היום ותפלטני ed. Bub. (ed. אותה הקפצה שהִקְפַּצְתָּ על אבותינו כןוכ׳) with the same leap with which thou didst leap like a hart in aid of my ancestors at the sea, leap now to my aid and save me; Yalk. Ps. l. c. Midr. Till. l. c. קוֹפֵץ כאיל ed. Bub., v. Pi. Ohol. VIII, 5 הקופץ ממקוםוכ׳ he that jumps from one place to another, contrad. to הדולג (v. קִיפּוּץ). Succ.49b שמא תאמר כל הבא לִקְפּוֹץ קוֹפֵץ lest you say, whosoever comes to jump may jump (whosoever wishes to do good succeeds in doing real good), we read (Ps. 36:8). Sabb.152a זקנה קופצת עליו old age will spring upon him (will overtake him prematurely). Taan.5b זקנה קפצה עליו he grew old before his time. Ib. מיד קפצהוכ׳ Ms. M. (ed. אמרהקב״ה אקפוץ, read אַקְפִּיץ). Sifra Shmini, Milluim קפצה פורענות עלוכ׳ punishment overtook Nadab Y.Keth.X, beg.33d קפצה עליהן ירושת תורה the legal succession according to Biblical law was sprung upon them (they have the precedence); ib. IV, 28d bot. קָפְסָה. Y.Gitt.IV, 46d top כדי … קוֹפְצִיןוכ׳ in order that all may be anxious to marry her. Y.Snh.X, 28c top איני קופץ אלא למהוכ׳ I will jump only at (betake myself to) what my grandfather told me, who said to me קְפוֹץ … לשלשה דבריםוכ׳ betake thyself to three things, and thou shalt be safe, they are: prayer Ber.39a ק׳ וברךוכ׳ he hastened and said the benediction Yeb.32b ק׳ר׳ חייאוכ׳ R. Ḥ. jumped up (got excited) and swore Tosef.Keth.II, 3 היאך ק׳ זה לכהונה how did this man jump into priesthood (by what right does he enjoy the privileges of a priest)? Num. R. s. 15 ולא יִקְפּוֹץ להשיב and must not be rash to reply; a. fr. 3) to skip. Nidd.11a קפצה וראתהוכ׳ if she skipped (one period) and menstruated, skipped (did so three times). 4) (denom. of קוּפִּיץ) to chop meat. Tosef.Bets.III, 5 קיפץ בכלי (Var. חותך) he cuts with some implement. Pi. קִיפֵּץ 1) same, to leap; to skip. Y. Ḥag.II, 77a bot. והיו … מְקַפְּצִיןוכ׳ and the ministering angels leaped before them like wedding guests rejoicing Pesik. R. s. 15 (ref. to Cant. 2:8) מדלג … ומְקַפֵּץ על החשבונותוכ׳ leaping over the destined terms of redemption, and skipping over the calculations of years and epochs (hastening the redemption), v. עִיבּוּר. Midr. Till., to Ps. 22:1 מְקַפֵּץ כאיל ed. Bub. (oth. ed. קופץ); ib. קופץ ed. Bub. (oth. ed. מקפץ) leaps like a hart; Yalk. ib. 685 קומץ (corr. acc.); a. fr. 2) to cause to leap. Tanḥ. Shmini 11 הקב״ה מקפץ להם את הזקנה God springs old age upon them (to make them look venerable). Hif. הִקְפִּיץ 1) as Pi. 2. Taan.5b אמרהקב״ה אַקְפִּיץוכ׳ (not אקפוץ, v. supra) the Lord said, I shall cause old age to spring upon them prematurely. Gen. R. s. 56 וה׳ את בנו עמו and made his son leap with him (saved himself and his son; v., however, אגינו). 2) to leap. Midr. Till. l. c., v. supra. Nif. נִקְפָּץ to be spoken to by mimic motions. Gitt. V, 7, v. supra. -
47 קָפַץ
קָפַץ(b. h.) 1) to contract, shrink; to close. Midr. Till., to Ps. 22:20 היה השרביט קוֹפֵץ the scepter grew smaller and smaller; Yalk. ib. 687. Gen. R. s. 39 קוֹפֶצֶת באחת מאגפיהוכ׳ contracts herself with (flaps) one wing, v. יוֹנָה II. Snh.95a שלשה קָפְצָה להם הארץ (Ar. הדרך) for three persons did the earth (the road) shrink (they were suddenly transferred to a distant place); Yalk. Gen. 107. Y.Taan.IV, 69b קפצה להא״י Palestine has shrunk; a. fr.ק׳ פה (or sub. פה) to close the mouth, to indicate ones will by mimic motions. Gitt. V, 7 קוֹפֵץ ונִקְפָּץ a deaf and dumb person may transact business by motions with closed lips and by being spoken to in the same way.Part. pass. קָפוּץ; f. קְפוּצָה Koh. R. to V, 14 כשאדם … ידין הן קְפוּצוֹתוכ׳ when man enters the world, his hands are clenched, as if saying, the whole world is mine, opp. פשוטות straight, open. 2) to leap (with joined feet), jump; to be excited. Midr. Till. l. c. אותה קפיצה שקָפַצְתָּ על אבותי בים כן תִּקְפּוֹץ עלי היום ותפלטני ed. Bub. (ed. אותה הקפצה שהִקְפַּצְתָּ על אבותינו כןוכ׳) with the same leap with which thou didst leap like a hart in aid of my ancestors at the sea, leap now to my aid and save me; Yalk. Ps. l. c. Midr. Till. l. c. קוֹפֵץ כאיל ed. Bub., v. Pi. Ohol. VIII, 5 הקופץ ממקוםוכ׳ he that jumps from one place to another, contrad. to הדולג (v. קִיפּוּץ). Succ.49b שמא תאמר כל הבא לִקְפּוֹץ קוֹפֵץ lest you say, whosoever comes to jump may jump (whosoever wishes to do good succeeds in doing real good), we read (Ps. 36:8). Sabb.152a זקנה קופצת עליו old age will spring upon him (will overtake him prematurely). Taan.5b זקנה קפצה עליו he grew old before his time. Ib. מיד קפצהוכ׳ Ms. M. (ed. אמרהקב״ה אקפוץ, read אַקְפִּיץ). Sifra Shmini, Milluim קפצה פורענות עלוכ׳ punishment overtook Nadab Y.Keth.X, beg.33d קפצה עליהן ירושת תורה the legal succession according to Biblical law was sprung upon them (they have the precedence); ib. IV, 28d bot. קָפְסָה. Y.Gitt.IV, 46d top כדי … קוֹפְצִיןוכ׳ in order that all may be anxious to marry her. Y.Snh.X, 28c top איני קופץ אלא למהוכ׳ I will jump only at (betake myself to) what my grandfather told me, who said to me קְפוֹץ … לשלשה דבריםוכ׳ betake thyself to three things, and thou shalt be safe, they are: prayer Ber.39a ק׳ וברךוכ׳ he hastened and said the benediction Yeb.32b ק׳ר׳ חייאוכ׳ R. Ḥ. jumped up (got excited) and swore Tosef.Keth.II, 3 היאך ק׳ זה לכהונה how did this man jump into priesthood (by what right does he enjoy the privileges of a priest)? Num. R. s. 15 ולא יִקְפּוֹץ להשיב and must not be rash to reply; a. fr. 3) to skip. Nidd.11a קפצה וראתהוכ׳ if she skipped (one period) and menstruated, skipped (did so three times). 4) (denom. of קוּפִּיץ) to chop meat. Tosef.Bets.III, 5 קיפץ בכלי (Var. חותך) he cuts with some implement. Pi. קִיפֵּץ 1) same, to leap; to skip. Y. Ḥag.II, 77a bot. והיו … מְקַפְּצִיןוכ׳ and the ministering angels leaped before them like wedding guests rejoicing Pesik. R. s. 15 (ref. to Cant. 2:8) מדלג … ומְקַפֵּץ על החשבונותוכ׳ leaping over the destined terms of redemption, and skipping over the calculations of years and epochs (hastening the redemption), v. עִיבּוּר. Midr. Till., to Ps. 22:1 מְקַפֵּץ כאיל ed. Bub. (oth. ed. קופץ); ib. קופץ ed. Bub. (oth. ed. מקפץ) leaps like a hart; Yalk. ib. 685 קומץ (corr. acc.); a. fr. 2) to cause to leap. Tanḥ. Shmini 11 הקב״ה מקפץ להם את הזקנה God springs old age upon them (to make them look venerable). Hif. הִקְפִּיץ 1) as Pi. 2. Taan.5b אמרהקב״ה אַקְפִּיץוכ׳ (not אקפוץ, v. supra) the Lord said, I shall cause old age to spring upon them prematurely. Gen. R. s. 56 וה׳ את בנו עמו and made his son leap with him (saved himself and his son; v., however, אגינו). 2) to leap. Midr. Till. l. c., v. supra. Nif. נִקְפָּץ to be spoken to by mimic motions. Gitt. V, 7, v. supra. -
48 cause
kɔ:z
1. сущ.
1) причина, основание (для действия, состояния, результата) deep-rooted, root, underlying cause ≈ глубокая причина, истинная причина immediate cause ≈ непосредственный источник leading, major cause ≈ главная причина primary cause ≈ основной источник secondary cause ≈ источник второстепенной важности ultimate cause ≈ конечная причина Syn: reason, motive, origin
2) дело;
благое дело, благотворительное предприятие to advance, champion, fight for, promote cause ≈ способствовать развитию какого-л. предприятия to serve a cause ≈ обслуживать какое-л. мероприятие to espouse, plead a cause ≈ отдаваться какому-л. делу to take up a cause ≈ рассматривать какое-л. дело good, just, worthwhile, worthy cause ≈ стоящее дело;
правое дело;
справедливое дело lost cause ≈ проигранное дело to support the cause of the workers ≈ защищать дело рабочего класса the cause of peace ≈ дело мира to make common cause with smb. ≈ объединяться с кем-л. ради общего дела in the cause of science in a good cause
3) юр. уголовное дело, судебный процесс plead a cause Syn: case
4) вопрос, требующий решения/рассмотрения
2. гл. послужить причиной/поводом для чего-л.;
мотивировать что-л. to cause smb. to be informed ≈ поставить кого-л. в известность to cause a thing to be done ≈ велеть что-л. выполнить The ruin of the empire was caused by the loss of freedom and the growth of despotism. ≈ Крушение империи было вызвано потерей свободы и усилением деспотической власти. Syn: effect, bring about, produce, induce, make причина, основание;
- * and effect причина и следствие;
- root *s коренные причины;
- first * of all *s причина всех причин;
- * of death причина смерти;
- the *s of war причины войны;
- to stay away from school without good * пропускать занятия без уважительных причин;
- he is the * of all our troubles все наши беды от него, он является причиной всех бед;
- there is no * for anxiety нет оснований для тревоги мотив, повод, причина;
- just * убедительный мотив;
полное основание, полное право;
- a * of action повод к действиям;
- without * без повода, без оснований, без причин;
беспричинно;
- * for divorce основание для развода;
мотивы, по которым брак должен быть расторгнут;
- * for rejoicing повод для торжества дело;
общее дело;
- the * of peace дело мира;
- the * of the workers дело рабочего класса;
- to make common * with smb. объединяться с кем-л ради общего дела;
- in the * of science ради общего дела;
- in the * of science ради науки;
- he died for the C. он погиб за общее дело;
- good * правое дело;
- to work in a good * бороться за правое дело;
- lost * безнадежное дело;
- to fight in the * of justice бороться за справедливость;
- to fight in the * of the oppressed бороться на стороне угнетенных;
- no one should be judge in his own * никто не может быть судьей в своем собственном деле (юридическое) судебное дело, процесс;
- to plead a * вести процесс, защищать дело в суде;
- to gain one's * выиграть процесс мотивы или соображения, высказываемые стороной;
- to show * привести основания;
представить доводы;
- * of action основание для предъявления иска быть причиной, служить поводом;
вызвать;
причинять;
- what *d his death? от чего он умер?, что стало причиной его смерти?;
- what *s the lides? почему бывают приливы? заставлять;
побуждать;
добиваться;
- he *d me to go он заставил меня уйти;
- it *d my going я ушел из-за этого;
- the King *d him to be put to death он был казнен по приказу короля;
- to * smb. to be informed поставить кого-л в известность;
- he *d the letter to be sent письмо было отправлено по его приказанию;
- we *d the roof to be mended нам починили крышу;
мы починили крышу be the ~ of быть причиной ~ заставлять;
to cause a thing to be done велеть (что-л.) выполнить ~ before the High Court дело, рассматриваемое в Высоком суде (Великобритания) ~ celebre знаменитый судебный процесс ~ of action мотив действия ~ of action основание для предъявления иска ~ of action причина действия ~ of cancellation причина аннулирования ~ of damage причина ущерба ~ of death причина смерти ~ of loss причина ущерба ~ дело;
to support the cause of the workers защищать дело рабочего класса;
the cause of peace дело мира cause быть причиной, причинять, вызывать;
to cause (smb.) to be informed поставить (кого-л.) в известность ~ to rise вызывать рост ~ to rise добиваться увеличения external ~ внешний повод extraneous ~ внешняя причина good ~ достаточное основание to make common ~ (with smb.) объединяться (с кем-л.) ради общего дела;
in the cause of science ради (или во имя) науки;
in a good cause чтобы сделать добро to make common ~ (with smb.) объединяться (с кем-л.) ради общего дела;
in the cause of science ради (или во имя) науки;
in a good cause чтобы сделать добро just ~ судебное дело, имеющее основания main ~ главная причина to make common ~ (with smb.) объединяться (с кем-л.) ради общего дела;
in the cause of science ради (или во имя) науки;
in a good cause чтобы сделать добро common: ~ общий;
common lot общий удел;
common interests общие интересы;
by common consent с общего согласия;
to make common cause действовать сообща ~ юр. дело, процесс;
to plead a cause защищать дело в суде primary ~ дело первостепенной важности proximate ~ непосредственная причина show ~ представлять обоснования show ~ представлять основания show: ~ проявлять;
выставлять, демонстрировать;
to show cause привести оправдание;
he showed me great kindness он проявил ко мне большое участие ~ дело;
to support the cause of the workers защищать дело рабочего класса;
the cause of peace дело мира undefended ~ судебное дело, ведущееся без защиты without due ~ без уважительной причины -
49 glæde
sg - glǽden, pl - glǽderра́дость ж, весе́лье сmed glǽde — с ра́достью, с удово́льствием
* * *amusement, cheerfulness, cheeriness, comfort, delight, enjoyment, exhilaration, gladness, happiness, hopefulness, joy, joyfulness, please, pleasure, rejoicing, sunshine* * *I. (en -r) joy ( fx joys and sorrows; he is a great joy to his parents; she wept for joy);( fornøjelse) pleasure ( fx with pleasure! it gives me great pleasure to welcome Mr Jones),( stærkere) delight;[ bordets glæder] the pleasures of the table;[ de små glæder] the little pleasures;[ gør mig den glæde at spise til middag med mig] do me the pleasure of dining with me;[ for at gøre ham en glæde] to please him;[ det er mig en glæde at hjælpe dig] I am happy to help you,F I have great pleasure in helping you;[ med præp:](dvs fornøjelse) he got a lot of pleasure (, T: fun) out of it,F it was a source of great pleasure to him;(dvs nytte) it proved very useful to him;[ han har glæde af sin søn] his son is a comfort (, stærkere: joy) to him;[ ude af sig selv af glæde] beside oneself with joy;[ med glæde] with pleasure, gladly;[ glæde over (el. ved)] joy at;[ til stor glæde for] to the (great) delight of.II. vb please ( fx he did it to please me),( stærkere) delight;( gøre glad) make happy;[ det glæder mig at] I am glad (el. pleased, happy) to;( stærkere) I am delighted to;[ glæde sig] be glad, be happy,F rejoice;[ glæde sig til] look forward to ( fx to coming; to the party);[ glæde sig ved (el. over)] be pleased with ( fx his visit), enjoy ( fxthe music),( stærkere) be delighted at ( fx the result);[ han kan glæde sig ved] he enjoys ( fx good health). -
50 gozo
m.joy, pleasure.pres.indicat.1st person singular (yo) present indicative of spanish verb: gozar.* * *1 joy, delight, pleasure1 (composición poética) poem sing in honour of the Virgin* * *SM1) (=placer) enjoyment, pleasure; (=complacencia) delight; (=júbilo) joy, rejoicinges un gozo para los ojos — it's a joy to see, it's a sight for sore eyes
2) pl gozos (Literat, Mús) couplets in honour of the Virgin* * *1)a) ( alegría) joyno caber en sí de gozo — to be beside oneself with joy
b) ( placer) pleasure, enjoyment2) gozos masculino plural (Relig) verses (pl)* * *1)a) ( alegría) joyno caber en sí de gozo — to be beside oneself with joy
b) ( placer) pleasure, enjoyment2) gozos masculino plural (Relig) verses (pl)* * *A1 (alegría) joytus éxitos son motivo de gozo para nosotros we're overjoyed o delighted at your successno caber en sí de gozo to be beside oneself with joy(todo) mi/tu/su gozo en un pozo that's torn it! ( colloq)2 (placer) pleasure, enjoyment* * *
Del verbo gozar: ( conjugate gozar)
gozo es:
1ª persona singular (yo) presente indicativo
gozó es:
3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) pretérito indicativo
Multiple Entries:
gozar
gozo
gozar ( conjugate gozar) verbo intransitivo: gozo de algo to enjoy sth;
goza viéndolos jugar she enjoys watching them play;
gozo con algo to enjoy sth;
goza de perfecta salud he enjoys perfect health;
goza de una buena posición he has a good position
gozo sustantivo masculino
1
◊ no caber en sí de gozo to be beside oneself with joy
2
gozar
I verbo transitivo to enjoy
II verbo intransitivo to enjoy [de, -]
gozo sustantivo masculino
1 (alegría) joy
2 (placer) enjoyment
♦ Locuciones: mi/tu/su gozo en un pozo, my/your/his/her hopes were dashed!
' gozo' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
caber
- trémulo
English:
overjoyed
- blissful
- gladden
* * *♦ nm[alegría] joy, pleasure;sentí mucho gozo al verla tan feliz it was lovely to see her so happy;canta que es un gozo she sings beautifully, it's a joy o pleasure to hear her sing;no caber en sí de gozo to be beside oneself with joy;Fammi gozo en un pozo that's just my (bad) luck♦ gozos nmplRel = verses written in honour of the Virgin Mary or the saints* * *m1 ( alegría) joy;no caber en sí de gozo be overjoyed;mi gozo en un pozo fam that’s the end of that!, so much for that idea!2 ( placer) pleasure* * *gozo nm1) : joy2) placer: enjoyment, pleasure -
51 राम _rāma
राम a. [रम् कर्तरि घञ् ण वा]1 Pleasing, delighting, rejoicing,-2 Beautiful, lovely, charming.-3 Obscure; dark-coloured, black.-4 White.-मः 1 N. of three celebrated personages; (a) Paraśurāma, son of Jama- dagni; (b) Balarāma, son of Vasudeva and brother of Kṛiṣṇa, q.q.v.v.; (c) Rāmachandra or Sītārāma, son of Daśaratha and Kausalyā and the hero of the Rāmāyaṇa; (the word is thus derived in Purāṇas:-- राशब्दो विश्ववचनो मश्चापीश्वरवाचकः । विश्वाधीनेश्वरो यो हि तेन रामः प्रकीर्तितः ॥) cf. also राकारोच्चारमात्रेण मुखान्निर्याति पातकम् । पुनः प्रवेशशङ्कायां मकारो$स्ति कपाटवत् ॥ [When quite a boy, he with his brother was taken by Viśvāmitra, with the permission of Daśaratha, to his hermitage to protect his sacrifices from the demons that obstructed them. Rāma killed them all with perfect ease, and received from the sage several miraculous missiles as a reward. He then accompanied Viśvāmitra to the capital of Janaka where he married Sītā having performed the wonderful feat of bending Siva's bow, and then return- ed to Ayodhyā. Daśaratha, seeing that Rāma was growing fitter and fitter to rule the kingdom, resolved to install him as heir-apparent. But, on the eve of the day of coronation, his favourite wife Kaikeyī, at the instigation of her wicked nurse Mantharā, asked him to fulfil the two boons he had formerly promised to her, by one of which she demanded the exile of Rāma for fourteen years and by the other the installation of her own son Bharata as Yuvarāja. The king was terribly shocked, and tried his best to dissuade her from her wicked demands, but was at last obliged to yield. The dutiful son immediately prapared to go into exile accom- panied by his beautiful young wife Sītā and his devoted brother Lakṣmana. The period of his exile was event- ful, and the two brothers killed several powerful demons and at last roused the jealousy of Rāvaṇa himself. The wicked demon resolved to try Rāma by carrying off his beauteous wife for whom he had conceived an ar- dent passion, and accomplished his purpose being assisted by Mārīcha. After several fruitless inquiries as to her whereabouts, Hanumat ascertained that she was in Laṅkā and persuaded Rāma to invade the island and kill the ravisher. The monkeys built a bridge across the ocean over which Rāma with his numerous troops passed, conquered Laṅkā, and killed Rāvaṇa along with his whole host of demons. Rāma, attended by his wife and friends in battle, triumphant- ly returned to Ayodhyā where he was crowned king by Vasiṣṭha. He reigned long and righteously and was succeeded by his son Kuśa. Rāma is said to be the seventh incarnation of Viṣṇu; cf. Jayadeva:-- वितरसि दिक्षु रणे दिक्पतिकमनीयं दशमुखमौलिबलिं रमणीयम् । केशव धृतरघुपति- रूप जय जगदीश हरे Gīt.1.].-2 A kind of deer.-3 N. of Aruṇa.-4 A lover; cf. Śi.4.59.-5 A horse.-6 Pleasure, joy.-मम् 1 Darkness.-2 Leprosy (कृष्ठम्).-3 A tamāla leaf.-Comp. -अनुजः N. of a celebrated reformer, founder of a Vedāntic sect and author of several works. He was a Vaiṣṇava.-अयनम् (-णम्) 1 the adventures of Rāma.-2 N. of a celebrated epic by Vālmīki which contains about 24 verses in seven Kāṇḍas or books.-ईश्वरः N. of a sacred place of pilgrimage.-काण्डः a species of cane.-किल्बिषम् an offence against Rāma.-कृत् (in music) N. of a Rāga.-क्री N. of a Rāga.-गिरिः N. of a mountain; (चक्रे) स्निग्धच्छाया- तरुषु वसतिं रामगिर्याश्रमेषु Me.1.-चन्द्रः, -भद्रः N. of Rāma, son of Daśaratha.-जन्मन् n. the birth or birth-day of Rāma.-तापन, -तापनी, -तापनीय उपनिषद् N. of a well-known उपनिषद् (belonging to the अथर्ववेद).-दूतः 1 N. of Hanumat.-2 a monkey. (-ती) a kind of basil.-नवमी the ninth day in the bright half of Chaitra, the anniversary of the birth of Rāma.-पूगः a kind of betel-nut tree.-लीला N. of a dramatic performance, on the story of Rāma.-वल्लभः the birch-tree. (-भम्) cinnamon.-शरः a kind of sugar cane.-सखः N. of Sugrīva.-सेतुः the bridge of Rāma', a bridge of sand between the Indian peninsula and Ceylon, now called Adam's bridge. -
52 φιλότιμος
φῐλότῑμ-ος, ον,A loving honour or distinction, ambitious, mostly in bad sense (cf. Pl.R. 347b, Arist.EN 1125b9), E.Ph. 567;τὸ μαντικὸν πᾶν σπέρμα φ. κακόν Id.IA 520
; joined with φιλοχρήματος, Pl.Phd. 68c; with φιλόνικος, Id.R. 551a, etc.; also in good sense,φ. καὶ ἐλευθέριος X.Mem.2.3.16
;φ. καὶ μεγαλόψυχοι Isoc.9.3
:—with abstr. Nouns (in both senses), (lyr.); ; (lyr.);αἱ φ. τῶν φύσεων X.Oec.13.9
;βίος Lys. 2.16
; ; φ. ἐπί τινι emulous in regard to, eager for distinction in.., ἐπὶ σοφία, ἐπ' ἀρετῇ, Id.Prt. 343c, Lg. 744e;περὶ τἀναγκαῖα φιλοτιμότατος Plb.9.20.6
;ἱππικὸν φιλοτιμότερον πρὸς ἀλλήλους περὶ ἀνδραγαθίας X.Eq.Mag.9.3
: c. inf., φιλοτιμότατοι καλόν τι ποιεῖν ib.2.2: c. acc. modi, τὰς ψυχὰς -ότεροι ib.7.3;- ότεροι τὰ ἤθη Arist.Rh. 1391a22
: τὸ φ., = φιλοτιμία, E.IA22 (dub. l., anap.), 342 (troch.), Th.2.44, Pl.Lg. 841c, etc.2 prodigal, lavish,λαμπρὸς καὶ φ. D.21.159
; munificent, generous, πρός τινα Aristeas 227· περὶ ξένους Plu.Crass.3
.3 φιλότιμος, title of an official member of a guild or corporation at Histria,γερουσίας φ.
Analele Acad.Române38.596
(pl.); so at Tomi,ὁ προστάτης καὶ δισφύλαρχος καὶ φ. Dacia1.273
.4 neut. pl., gifts, endowments,τὴν μὲν τοῖς ἑαυτῆς φ. κεκόσμηκεν Ἀφροδίτη Aristaenet.1.10
.II Adv.- μως
ambitiously, emulously,Lys.
16.18, Is.7.39; φ. πρός τινα ἔχειν to vie emulously with.., Pl.Chrm. 162c;πρὸς ἀλλήλους Isoc.4.85
; φ. ἔχειν πρός τι to strive, exert oneself eagerly after a thing, X.Cyr.1.6.26, etc.;τὰ λοιπὰ συσπεύσας φ.
zealously,PCair.Zen.
62 (b) 8(iii B. C.);φ. πρὸς τοὺς λόγους διακεῖσθαι Isoc. 15.277
; with public spirit, generously, IG22.505.35, etc.: [comp] Comp.φιλοτιμότερον Lys.16.20
, PTeb.23.10 (ii B. C.); or- οτέρως Isoc.9.5
: [comp] Sup.- ότατα Plu.Caes.3
.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > φιλότιμος
-
53 die Freude
- {bliss} hạnh phúc, niềm vui sướng nhất - {delight} sự vui thích, sự vui sướng, điều thích thú, niềm khoái cảm - {enjoyment} sự thích thú, sự khoái trá, sự được hưởng, sự được, sự có được - {feast} bữa tiệc, yến tiệc, ngày lễ, ngày hội hè, sự hứng thú - {fun} sự vui đùa, trò vui đùa - {gladness} sự sung sướng, sự vui mừng, sự vui vẻ, sự hân hoan - {pleasure} niềm vui thích, điều thú vị, điều vui thú, điều khoái trá, khoái lạc, hoan lạc, sự ăn chơi truỵ lạc, ý muốn, ý thích - {rejoicing} sự vui chơi, lễ ăn mừng, hội hè, liên hoan = die Freude [über] {gratification [at]; happiness [at]}+ = die Freude [an,über] {joy [in,at]}+ = Freude finden [an] {to be pleased [with]}+ = vor Freude hüpfen {to leap for joy}+ = vor lauter Freude {from pure joy}+ = vor Freude weinen {to weep with joy}+ = große Freude haben [an] {to revel [in]}+ = seine Freude haben [an] {to rejoice [in]}+ = vor Freude strahlen {to beam with joy}+ = vor Freude jauchzen {to sing for joy}+ = viel Freude haben an {to take much pleasure in}+ = außer sich vor Freude {cock-a-hoop}+ = von Freude hingerissen {overcome with joy}+ = das Herz schwillt ihr vor Freude {her heart expands with joy}+ = jemandem eine Freude bereiten {to make someone happy; to please someone}+ = mit hämischer Freude betrachten {to gloat}+ -
54 popular
'popjulə1) (liked by most people: a popular holiday resort; a popular person; She is very popular with children.) populær, avholdt, yndet2) (believed by most people: a popular theory.) populær, folkelig3) (of the people in general: popular rejoicing.) allmenn, folke-4) (easily read, understood etc by most people: a popular history of Britain.) populær, folkelig•- popularity
- popularize
- popularisefolkelig--------populæradj. \/ˈpɒpjʊlə\/1) folke-, allmenn2) populær, yndet, avholdt3) populær, folkelig, lettfattelig, enkelin popular parlance eller in popular speech på folkemunnepopular with populær blant, avholdt av -
55 अनुमुद् _anumud
अनुमुद् 1 A. (P. in epic poetry)1 To rejoice with, join in rejoicing or sympathizing with; मुदितामनुमोदते Bhāg.-2 To express approval; तदेव राममातृभिरनुमोदितम् U.2; approve, second, applaud; निषेद्धुमासीदनुमोदितुं वा R.14.43; to allow with pleasure, permit; अनुमोदित- माचार्यैः K.77; अननुमोदिता मात्रा । 16. -Caus. To gladden, delight, favour, permit. -
56 popular
['popjulə]1) (liked by most people: a popular holiday resort; a popular person; She is very popular with children.) priljubljen2) (believed by most people: a popular theory.) splošno sprejet3) (of the people in general: popular rejoicing.) ljudski4) (easily read, understood etc by most people: a popular history of Britain.) poljuden•- popularity
- popularize
- popularise* * *[pɔpjulə]adjective ( popularly adverb)ljudski, naroden; splošen, razširjen; popularen, priljubljen ( with pri); poljuden, lahko razumljiv, vsakemu dosegljivpolitics popular front — ljudska frontapopular government — vlada ljudstva, ljudska oblastto make o.s. popular with — priljubiti se komu -
57 एवम्
evámind. (fr. pronom. base e BRD. ;
probably connected with 1. evá), thus, in this way, in such a manner, such,
(it is not found in the oldest hymns of the Veda, where its place is taken by 1. evá, but occurs in later hymns ind. in the Brāhmaṇas, especially in connection with vid, « to know», andᅠ its derivatives
<e.g.. yaevaṉveda, he who knows so;
cf. evaṉ-víd>;
in classical Sanskṛit evam occurs very frequently, especially in connection with the roots vac, « to speak», andᅠ ṡru, « to hear», andᅠ refers to what precedes as well as to what follows <e.g.. evamuktvā, having so said;
evamevai ͡tat, this is so;
evamastu, orᅠ evambhavatu, be it so, I assent;
astyevam, it is so;
yadyevam, if this be so;
kimevam, how so? what is the meaning of it? what does this refer to? mai ͡vam, not so! evam - yathā orᅠ yathā - evam, so - as) Mn. Ṡak. etc.;
(it is alsoᅠ often used like an adjective <e.g.. evaṉtevacanerataḥ, rejoicing in such words of thine;
where evam = evaṉ-vidhe>) MBh. Ṡak. etc.;
sometimes evam is merely an expletive;
according to lexicographers evam may imply likeness (so);
sameness of manner (thus);
assent (yes, verily);
affirmation (certainly, indeed, assuredly);
command (thus, etc.);
andᅠ be used as an expletive
- एवंयुक्तम्
- एवंरूप
- एवंविद्
- एवंविद्वस्
- एवंविध
- एवंविशेषण
- एवंविषय
- एवंवीर्य
- एवंवृत्त
- एवंवृत्ति
- एवंव्रत
- एवंसंस्थितिक
- एवंसंज्ञक
- एवंसमृद्ध
- एवंकारम्
- एवंकार्य
- एवंकाल
- एवंक्रतु
- एवंगत
- एवंगुण
- एवंजातीय
- एवंतर्किन्
- एवंद्रव्य
- एवंनामन्
- एवंन्यङ्ग
- एवंन्याय
- एवमभ्यनूक्त
- एवमर्थीय
- एवमवस्थ
- एवमाकृति
- एवमाचार
- एवमात्मक
- एवमादि
- एवमाद्य
- एवम्पूर्व
- एवम्प्रकार
- एवम्प्राय
- एवम्प्रभाव
- एवम्भूत
-
58 श्राद्ध
ṡrāddhamf (ī)n. (fr. ṡrad-dhā) faithful, true, loyal, believing HPariṡ. SaddhP. (cf. Pāṇ. 5-2, 101);
relating to a Ṡrāddha ceremony Cat. ;
n. a ceremony in honour andᅠ for the benefit of dead relatives observed with great strictness at various fixed periods andᅠ on occasions of rejoicing as well as mourning by the surviving relatives
(these ceremonies are performed by the daily offering of water andᅠ on stated occasions by the offering of Piṇḍas orᅠ balls of rice andᅠ meal < seeᅠ piṇḍa> to three paternal andᅠ three maternal forefathers i.e. to father, grandfather, andᅠ great grandfather;
it should be borne in mind that a Ṡrāddha is not a funeral ceremouy < antyêshṭi> but a supplement to such a ceremony;
it is an act of reverential homage to a deceased person performed by relatives, andᅠ is moreover supposed to supply the dead with strengthening nutriment after the performance of the previous funeral ceremonies has endowed them with ethereal bodies;
indeed until those antyêshṭi, orᅠ « funeral rites» have been performed, andᅠ until the succeeding first Ṡrāddha has been celebrated the deceased relative is a prêta orᅠ restless, wandering ghost, andᅠ has no real body <only a liṅga-ṡarīra q.v.>;
it is not until the first Ṡrāddha has taken place that he attains a position among the Pitṛis orᅠ Divine Fathers in their blissful abode called Pitṛi-loka, andᅠ the ṠrñṠrāddha is most desirable andᅠ efficacious when performed by a son;
for a full description of the Ṡrāddha ceremonies seeᅠ RTL. 276, 304 etc..) GṛṠrS. Mn. MBh. etc.;
gifts orᅠ offerings at a Ṡrāddha MW. ;
- श्राद्धकर
- श्राद्धकर्तृ
- श्राद्धकर्मन्
- श्राद्धकला
- श्राद्धकल्प
- श्राद्धकाण्ड
- श्राद्धकाण्डसंग्रह
- श्राद्धकारिका
- श्राद्धकार्यनिर्णयसंक्षेप
- श्राद्धकाल
- श्राद्धकाशिका
- श्राद्धकृत्
- श्राद्धकौमुदी
- श्राद्धक्रिया
- श्राद्धगणपति
- श्राद्धगुणसंग्रह
- श्राद्धचन्द्रिका
- श्राद्धचिन्तामणि
- श्राद्धतत्त्व
- श्राद्धतिलक
- श्राद्धत्व
- श्राद्धद
- श्राद्धदर्पण
- श्राद्धदिन
- श्राद्धदीधिति
- श्राद्धदीप
- श्राद्धदीपकलिका
- श्राद्धदीपिका
- श्राद्धदेव
- श्राद्धदेवता
- श्राद्धद्वासप्ततिकला
- श्राद्धनवकण्डिकासूत्र
- श्राद्धनिरूपण
- श्राद्धनिर्णय
- श्राद्धपङ्क्ति
- श्राद्धपद्धति
- श्राद्धपल्लव
- श्राद्धपारिजात
- श्राद्धप्रकाश
- श्राद्धप्रकीर्णकारिका
- श्राद्धप्रदीप
- श्राद्धप्रभा
- श्राद्धप्रयोग
- श्राद्धप्रयोगचिन्तामणि
- श्राद्धप्रयोगपद्धति
- श्राद्धप्रशंसा
- श्राद्धब्राह्मण
- श्राद्धभास्करप्रयोगपद्धति
- श्राद्धभुज्
- श्राद्धभोजन
- श्राद्धमञ्जरी
- श्राद्धमयूख
- श्राद्धमित्र
- श्राद्धमीमांसा
- श्राद्धरत्न
- श्राद्धरहस्य
- श्राद्धवचनसंग्रह
- श्राद्धवमनप्रायश्चित्त
- श्राद्धवर्नन
- श्राद्धवसिष्ठ
- श्राद्धवासर
- श्राद्धविधि
- श्राद्धविवेक
- श्राद्धविवेकसंग्रह
- श्राद्धवृत्तिप्रकरण
- श्राद्धव्यवस्थासंक्षेप
- श्राद्धशाक
- श्राद्धशिष्ट
- श्राद्धसंकल्प
- श्राद्धसंकल्पविधि
- श्राद्धसंग्रह
- श्राद्धसमुच्चय
- श्राद्धसागर
- श्राद्धसार
- श्राद्धसूतक
- श्राद्धसूत्र
- श्राद्धसौख्य
- श्राद्धस्तबक
- श्राद्धहेमाद्रि
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59 συγχαίρω
συγχαίρω impf. συνέχαιρον; fut. συγχαρήσομαι and 3 sg. συγχαρεῖται Gen 21:6; 2 aor. pass. (with same sense as act. and mid.) συνεχάρην (Aeschyl., X. et al.; ins, pap, LXX)① to experience joy in conjunction w. someone, rejoice with τινί someone (Aristot., EN 1166a, 8; UPZ 148, 3 [II B.C.]; BGU 1080, 2; Diogenes, Ep. 16 p. 108, 22 Malherbe; Philo, Det. Pot. Ins. 124) Lk 1:58; Phil 2:17f (s. also 2 below); ITr 1:1. συνεχάρην ὑμῖν μεγάλως I rejoiced with you from the bottom of my heart Pol 1:1. τινί foll. by ὅτι rejoice w. someone because (PLond I, 43, 3f p. 48 [II B.C.]) Lk 15:6, 9. Without dat., which is easily supplied (X., Hiero 5, 4; SIG 1173, 5 [138 A.D.]) 1 Cor 12:26 (metaph.: the ‘parts’ stand for the believers).—W. dat. of thing as cause of rejoicing (Herm. Wr. 1, 26.—In such case the compound prob. has the same mng. as the simple verb, as Jos., Ant. 15, 210 [opp. ἄχθεσθαι]) οὐ χαίρει ἐπὶ τῇ ἀδικίᾳ συγχαίρει δὲ τῇ ἀληθείᾳ it does not rejoice over injustice, but rejoices in the truth 1 Cor 13:6 (EFranz, TLZ 87, ’62, 795–98). Cp. Hs 8, 2, 7.② to express pleasure over another’s good fortune, congratulate τινί someone (Aeschin. 2, 45; Socrates, Ep. 33, 2 [=p. 300, 15 Malherbe] w. ὅτι foll.; Polyb. 15, 5, 13; 30, 18, 1 al.; Diod S 22, 13, 7; Plut., Mor. 231b; PTebt 424, 5; cp. Jos., Ant. 8, 50) B 1:3; IEph 9:2; IPhld 10:1; ISm 11:2; Hs 5, 2, 6.—Lk 1:58 and Phil 2:17f could perh. be classed here as well.—M-M. s.v. συνχαίρω. TW. -
60 זכר
זָכָרm. (b. h.; preced.) (v. זָכוּר,) male (of man and animals), male child; opp. נקבה. Nidd.III, 7 תשב לז׳וכ׳ she shall observe the laws as after the birth of a male child (Lev. 12:4). Ib. בריית הז׳ the formation of the male embryo. Y.B. Bath.IX, 16d bot. שמחת ז׳ the rejoicing over the birth of a boy; a. v. fr.Pl. זְכָרִים. Nidd.31b. Zeb.V, 3, a. fr. זִכְרֵי כהונה the male members of the priestly tribe.Gen. R. s. 13, a. e. המים העליונים ז׳וכ׳ the waters from above are the males (fructifiers), 2) (v. דְּכַר II) ( של רתלים) ז׳ the male of the flock, ram. Bekh.V, 3; Yeb.121b.Shek. V, 3 ז׳ משמש עםוכ׳ that with the inscription ‘male was used only for libations connected with rams.Pl. as above. R. Hash. III, 4, sq. בשל ז׳ with horns of rams; a. fr., 3) membrum (of animals). Tosef.Bekh.IV, 6, v. זוּבָּן. 4) (of inanimate objects) the thinner pointed side of a double tool, v. זַבְרוּת. Kel. XIII, 2 הז׳ the pointed side of the cosmetic tube, contrad. to כף the broad part. 5) the marrow of horns, reeds Tosef.Kel.B. Mets.VII, 12. (Ib. Par. II , 2, v. זַכְרוּת. 6) (gramm.) לשון ז׳ masculine gender. Kidd.2b אשכחן דרך דאיקרי ל׳ ז׳ we find (in the Bible) derekh in the masculine gender. Mekh. Bshall., Shirah 1 בל׳ ז׳ in the masculine form (שִׁיר); Cant. R. to I, 5; a. e.
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