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1 κλείς
Grammatical information: f.Meaning: `bar, bolt' (sec. `rowing bench', Leumann Hom. Wörter 209), ` hook, key, collar bone' (Il.).Other forms: κλειδός, κλεῖν (late κλεῖδα), older κλῄς, κλῃδός, κλῃ̃δα (on the notation Schwyzer 201f.), ep. Ion. κληΐς, - ῖδος, - ῖδα, Dor. κλᾱΐς, - ῖδος beside - ίδος (Simon., Pi.; Aeol.?, cf. Schwyzer 465), besides κλᾳξ (Theoc.), κλαικος, - κα (Epid., Mess.)Dialectal forms: Myc.. karawiporo = κλαϜι-φόροςCompounds: Compp., e. g. κλειδ-οῦχος ( κλῃδ-) m. f. `key-holder' (inscr.), κατα-κλείς, - κληΐς `lock, case, quiver' (Att.; from κατα-κλείω);Derivatives: Diminut. κλειδίον (Ar., Arist.); κλειδᾶς m. `lock-smith' (pap., inscr., Empire); late denomin. κλειδόω (Smyrna, pap.) with κλείδωσις (sch.), - ωμα (Suid.). - Old denomin. κλείω, Oldatt. κλῄω, Ion. κληΐω (Hdt.), late κλῄζω ( Hymn. Is., AP), Theoc. κλᾳζω, aor. ep. Ion. κληϊ̃σαι, κληΐσσαι (Od.), Oldatt. κλῃ̃σαι, Att. κλεῖσαι, pass. κληϊσθῆναι, κλῃσθῆναι, κλεισθῆναι (Ion. resp. Att.), κλᾳσθῆναι (Theoc.), fut. κλῄσω (Th.), κλείσω, perf. κέκλῃκα (Ar.), κέκλεικα (hell.), midd. κέκλῃμαι (-ήϊμαι), κέκλειμαι, Dor. κέκλᾳνται (Epich.); after it Dor. aor. ( κλαΐξαι) κλᾳ̃ξαι, pass. κλαιχθείς, fut. κλᾳξῶ (Theoc., Rhod.), backformed present ποτι-κλᾳγω (Heracl.), often with prefix, esp. ἀπο-, κατα-, συν-, `shut, block'. From there κλήϊθρον, κλῃ̃θρον, κλεῖθρον, κλᾳ̃θρον `lock, block' (IA. h. Merc. 146, Dor.) with κλειθρίον (Hero), κλειθρία `key-hole' (Luc.; cf. Scheller Oxytonierung 54), κλάϊστρον (Pi.), κλεῖστρον (Luc.) `lock', κλῃ̃σις, κλεῖσις (Th., Aen. Tact.), κλεῖσμα, κλεισμός (hell.; also ἀπόκλῃσις etc. from ἀπο-κλείω etc.); verbal adj. κληϊστός, κλῃστός, κλειστός (ep. IA.), κλαικτός ( κλᾳκτός) `what can be locked' (Argiv., Mess.). - On κλεισίον s. κλίνω.Etymology: Ion. Att. κλη(Ϝ)ῑ-δ- and Dor. κλᾱ(Ϝ)ῑ-κ- are dental- resp. velar enlargements of an ῑ-stem, which can still be seen in κληΐω. (Diff. Debrunner Mus. Helv. 3, 45ff.: κληΐω backformation from κληι̃̈̈ (δ)-σαι, from κληϊ̄δ-, cf. κληϊσ-τός). Att. κλεῖν can be easily explained (with Debrunner l. c.; also Schulze Kl. Schr. 419) as analogical to κλείς ( ναῦς: ναῦν a. o.). The ῑ-stem is based on a noun *κλᾱϜ(-ο)- like e. g. κνημί̄-δ- on κνήμη, χειρί̄-δ- on χείρ (Schwyzer 465, Chantraine Formation 346f.). - An exact agreement of the basic word can be found in Lat. clāvus `nail, pin', beside which, with the same meaning as the derived κληΐς, clāvis `key, block'; because of the semantic identity a loan from Greek has been considered, cf. Ernout-Meillet s. v. and (rejecting) W.-Hofmann 1, 230. (But clātrī pl. `lattice-work' from pl. Dor. κλᾳ̃θρα). Further there is a Celtic word, e. g. OIr. clō, pl. clōi `nail' (Lat. LW [loanword]?). Slavic has a few words with an eu-diphthong, IE. *klē̆u-, e. g. OCS a. Russ. ključь `key', SCr. kljȕka `hook, ey, clamp'. - The original meaning of the word was prob. `nail, pin, hook', instruments, of old use for locking doors. - More forms in Pok. 604f., W.-Hofmann s. claudō, Fraenkel Lit. et. Wb. s. kliū́ti.Page in Frisk: 1,867-868Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κλείς
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2 εἰλέω 1
εἰλέω 1.Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `press together, draw together, fence in' (Hom.)Other forms: Ep. Delph. also εἴλομαι in εἰλόμενος, εἰλέσθω(ν), Dor. El. Ϝηλέω, Att. sometimes ἴλλω, εἴλλω (cf. below), aor. ἔλσαι, ἐέλσαι (Ep.), med.-pass. ἀλήμεναι, ἀλῆναι, ἀλείς, perf. med. ἔελμαι, - μένος (Ep.), perfect preterite ἐόλει? (Pi., s. below); from there the new εἰλῆσαι, εἰλήσω, εἴλημαι, εἰλήθην (Ion. Hell.)Compounds: With prefix ἀπ(ο-), e. g. ἀπο-Ϝηλέω (El.), ἐξ-, e. g. ἐγ-Ϝηληθίωντι (Her.) = ἐξ-ειληθῶσι, κατ(α)-, e. g. κατα-Ϝελμένος (Cret.), προσ- ( προτι-), συν-ειλέω, -( ε)ίλλω etc. with diff. shades of meaning.Derivatives: Of the derivatives most have become formally and semantically independent: ἁλής, ἀολλής, ἐξουλή, ἴλη ( εἴλη), οὑλαμός (s. vv.). Further: βήλημα κώλυμα, φράγμα ἐν ποταμῳ̃ H.; i. e. Ϝήλημα, Mess. ἤλημα, κατ-, συν-είλησις `pressing together, what is pressed' or `what is drawn together' (Epicur. or Ael.), εἰληθμός ( εἰδ- cod.) συστροφή, φυγή H., προσείλημα ( κεφαλῆς) `turban' (Kreon Hist.; to 2?). From (Ϝ)ίλλω prob. Ϝιλσιιος gen. `adversity' (Pamphyl. IVa); unclear ἰλλάς `pressed together (?)' (S. Fr. 70, E. Fr. 837), cf. on 2. εἰλέω; lengthened ἰλλίζει, s. ib. S. also on εἶλαρ.Origin: IE [Indo-European] [1138] *u̯el- `press together'Etymology: As the basis of εἰλέω, Ϝηλέω, to which belongs also ἀπελλεῖν (?, cod. - ειν) ἀποκλείειν H. (Aeol.), one may posit a nasal present *Ϝελ-νέω, which may be a variant of εἴλω \< *Ϝέλ-νω (Schwyzer 720; cf. also 693 w. n. 11, Chantr. Gramm. hom. 1, 130). Beside it there is a reduplicated ἴλλω \< *Ϝί-Ϝλ-ω (mostly to 2., like ἰλλόμενος A. R. 2, 27, s. on 2.). (For εἴλλω vowelprothesis was assumed \< *ἐ-Ϝέλ-νω ( ἐ-Ϝέλ-ιω?; so Solmsen, s. below) which is now no longer possible, if not simply through (graphical) influence of εἰλέω. - The non-present forms were oirginally, as is to be expected, primary: aor. (Ϝ)έλ-σαι, perf. *(Ϝ)έ-(Ϝ)ολα in ἐόλει `(op)pressed' (Pi. P. 4, 233; coni. Boeckh)?, med. with secondary full grade (Ϝ)έ-(Ϝ)ελ-μαι, intr. aor. with zero grade (Ϝ)αλῆ-ναι; these forms were replaced by the innovations εἰλῆσαι etc. From the many IE words with an element u̯el-, only some Balto-Slavic formations can be considered as cognates of 1. εἰλέω. Thus Russ. válom `in mass', the instrumental of a noun * valъ (IE *u̯ōlos) with many derivatives, e. g. zavál `stoppage, blocking' (cf. Ϝήλημα); on the maning cf. esp. (Ϝ)άλις. An other instrumental in OCS Russ. velьmí `μεγάλως, very', from * velь (IE *u̯eli-). From Baltic: Lith. su-valýti `collect (grain), reap (together)'; further perh. Lith. veliù, vélti (with Russ. valjátь) `to full'; but see also on 2. εἰλέω. It is not always possible to distinguish εἰλέω `press (together)' and εἰλέω `wind'. - On the group see Solmsen Unt. 224ff., 285ff.; s. also Burdach NJbb. 49, 254ff.Page in Frisk: 1,456-457Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > εἰλέω 1
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3 πάρειμι
A sum), inf. - εῖναι, [dialect] Ep. [ per.] 3pl.παρέᾱσι Il.5.192
, Od.13.247 ; [dialect] Ion. subj.παρέω Hdt.4.98
; [dialect] Ep. inf.παρέμμεναι Od.4.640
, part.παρεών Il.24.475
: [dialect] Ep. [tense] impf.παρέην Od.3.267
(tm.); [ per.] 2sg. παρῆας v.l. in Od.4.497 (Sch., Lex.Mess.) ; [ per.] 3pl.πάρεσαν Il. 11.75
; [dialect] Att. [tense] impf. ; in later Greekπαρήμην Luc.VH2.25
: [dialect] Ep. [tense] fut.παρέσσομαι Od. 13.393
:— to be by or present,ὑμεῖς θεαί ἐστε πάρεστέ τε ἴστε τε πάντα Il. 2.485
, etc.: in tmesi,πὰρ δ' ἄρ' ἔην καὶ ἀοιδός Od. 3.267
; πάρα used for πάρεστι and πάρεισι, Il. 20.98, 23.479, etc.: freq. in part.,ποίπνυον παρεόντε 24.475
; σημάντορος οὐ π. 15.325, etc. ;ἀπεόντα νόῳ παρεόντα Parm. 2.1
, cf. Heraclit. 34.2 to be by or near one, c. dat., Od.5.105;μήλοισι 4.640
;π. τινὶ παροινοῦντι Antipho 4.1.7
;π. παρά τινι S.Ph. 1056
; π. τινί to be his guest, Ar.Av. 131.3 to be present in or at,μάχῃ Od.4.497
;ἐν δαίτῃσι Il.10.217
; δόμοις π. E.Hipp. 805 ;τοῖς πράγμασιν D.1.2
, etc.; ;ἐν ταῖς συνουσίαις Pl.Prt. 335b
;ἐπὶ τοῖς ἀγῶσι D.24.159
.4 to be present so as to help, stand by, τινι Il.18.472, Od.13.393, A.Pers. 235 ; , etc.; esp. of one accused, , cf. 24.159 : Medic., of nurses, assistants, etc., Hp.Aph.1.1, Herod. [voice] Med. ap. Orib. 10.37.11.5 παρεῖναι εἰς .. to have arrived at,ἐς κοῖτον Hdt.1.9
;ἐς τὸν Ἰσθμὸν π. τινί Id.8.60
.γ ; ἐς τὴν Λακεδαίμονα Th.6.88
;εἰς τὴν ἐξέτασιν X.An.7.1.11
;Ὀλυμπίαζε Th.3.8
: c. acc. loci,πάρεισι.. Αἰτναῖον πάγον E. Cyc.95
, cf. 106, Ba.5 ;π. τινὶ ἐπὶ δεῖπνον Hdt. 1.118
, cf. Ar.Av. 131 ;π. ἐπὶ τὸ στράτευμα X.An.7.1.35
; π. πρὸς τὴν κρίσιν ib. 6.6.26 ;πρός τινα Id.Cyr.2.4.21
; alsoπ. ἐνταυθοῖ Pl.Ap. 33d
; v. πάρειμι ([etym.] εἶμι) IV. 2.6 π. ἐκ .. to have come from..,ἐκ ταύτης [τῆς πόλιος] π. ἐς τὴν Ἀσίην Hdt.6.24
;τοὐκ θεοῦ παρόν S. OC 1540
; Φίλιππος ἐκ Θρᾴκης π. Aeschin.2.101;Θείβαθεν αὐληταὶ πάρα Ar.Ach. 862
.II of things, to be by, i.e. ready or at hand,τά τε δμώεσσι πάρεστι Od.14.80
, etc.;πάρα ἔργα βόεσσιν Hes. Op. 454
;οὐ γάρ οἱ πάρα νῆες Od.4.559
; εἴ μοι δύναμίς γε παρείη if power were at my command, 2.62 ;ὅση δύναμίς γε πάρεστι 23.128
;ὅ τι πάρεστι Men. 62
; τὰ παρεόντα what is ready,χαριζομένη παρεόντων Od.1.140
;ἡ τοῦ πλέονος ἐπιθυμίη τὸ παρεὸν ἀπόλλυσι Democr.224
, cf. 191; ἐκ τῶν παρεουσέων αὐγέων the best light available, Hp.Off.3;ἐκ τῶν παρεόντων τὸ εὔπορον εὑρίσκειν Id.Art.78
; εἰ τὰ δεσμὰ μὴ παρείη ibid.; of feelings, conditions, etc.,φόβος βαρβάροις παρῆν A.Pers. 391
;θαῦμα παρῆν S.Ant. 254
;ἐν τοῖς τότε παρεοῦσι.. κακοῖσι Hdt.8.20
, cf. A.Pr.26;ὡς παρεσομένου σφι πολέμου Hdt.8.20
: in Philos., of qualities or predicates, παρείη γ' ἂν αὐταῖς (sc. θριξίν) , cf. Plot. 5.6.4; of Time,ὁ παρὼν νῦν χρόνος S.El. 1293
, cf. Aeschin.1.93, Arist.Po. 1457a18;ἡ νῦν π. ἡμέρα Pl.Lg. 683c
; ἡ ἱερὰ συμβουλὴ π. X.An.5.6.4; τὰ παρόντα ([dialect] Ion. παρεόντα) the present state of affairs, Hdt.1.113, etc.;τὰ π. πρήγματα Id.6.100
; opp. τὰ γεγονότα, τὰ μέλλοντα, Pl.Tht. 186b : sg., τὸ παρόν ([dialect] Ion. παρεόν) , πρὸς τὸ π. βουλεύειν, τὸ π. θεραπεύειν, Hdt.1.20, S.Ph. 149 (lyr.);πρὸς παρεόν Emp.106
: Adverbial phrases, τὸ παρόν just now,τὸ π. εἴπομεν Pl.Lg. 693b
;τὰ παρόντα S.El. 215
(lyr.): in Prose, ἐκ τῶν π. according to present circumstances, Th.5.40, etc.; ἐν τῷ π., opp. τὸ ἔπειτα, ib.63, etc.;ἐν τῷ νῦν π. καὶ ἐν τῷ ἔπειτα Pl.Phd. 67c
; ἐν τῷ τότε π. Th.1.95;πρὸς τὸ παρόν Isoc. 15.94
; ὡς πρὸς τὸ π. S.E.P.1.201;πρὸς τὸ π. αὐτίκα Th.3.40
;πρὸς τὴν π. ὄψιν Id.2.88
; ἐπὶ τοῦ π. for the present, IG9(2).517.6 (Epist. Philipp.), Epict.Ench. 2.2; ἐς and πρὸς τὰ π., Arr.An.1.13.5, 5.22.5.III impers., πάρεστί μοι it depends on me, is in my power to do, c. inf., , cf. S.Ph. 364, etc.: also [tense] impf.παρῆν Hdt.8.20
, 9.70 : without dat.,παρῆν.. κλύειν A.Pers. 401
;πάρεστι χαίρειν Ar.Pl. 638
;ὁρᾶν πάρεστιν Democr.164
, cf. And.2.2, etc.2 part. παρόν, [dialect] Ion. παρεόν, it being possible or easy, since it is allowed,παρεὸν αὐτῷ βασιλέα γενέσθαι Hdt. 1.129
, cf. 6.72, S.Ph. 1098 (lyr.), Fr.564.3, Th.4.19.IV. part. masc. παρών is freq. in Trag., at the end of a verse, to give vividness, ἄνδρ' ἐνουθέτει παρών to his face, S.Aj. 1156; τοὺς θανόντας οὐκ ἐᾶς θάπτειν π. you come here and forbid.., ib. 1131, cf. 338, El. 300, Tr. 422; dub. in Com., Ar.Fr. 657.-------------------------------------------A ibo), inf. - ιέναι ([dialect] Dor. - ίμεν Berl.Sitzb.1927.170 ([place name] Cyrene)), used as [tense] fut. of παρέρχομαι, also in [tense] pres. sense, παρῄειν being used as [tense] impf. :—pass by, pass,παριών Od.4.527
, 17.233;οἰκτίρας.. παρίτω IG12.976
;παρήϊε Hdt.4.79
;οἱ ἀεὶ παριόντες Pl.R. 616a
, etc.; go alongside, Th.4.47 ; march along the coast, of an army, Id.8.16, 22,32, X.HG2.1.18 (cj.), 4.5.19.2 c.acc. loci, pass by, Hdt.7.109 ;τὸν χῶρον Id.1.167
;τὴν οἰκίαν And.1.146
, Str. 14.5.14 ; π. παρὰ τοὺς πατέρας (prob. for παρῆσαν) Hdt.3.14 ; παρ' αὐτὴν τὴν Βαβυλῶνα π. X.Cyr.5.2.29.II pass by, overtake, surpass, ib.1.4.5.III pass on, esp. in the sense of entering,π. ἐς τὰ βασιλήϊα Hdt. 3.84
, cf. 72,77, Pl.Phd. 59e; ἔσω π. E.Hel. 451 ;πάριτ' ἐς θυμέλας, ἐπὶ δ' ἀσφάκτοις μήλοισι δόμων μὴ πάριτ' ἐς μυχόν Id. Ion 228
(anap.) ;βίᾳ εἰς οἰκίαν παριέναι X.Cyr.1.2.2
.2 in discourse, pass on from one part of a subject to another, ἐντεῦθεν ἐς .. Ar.Nu. 1075 ; ὃ παριὼν τῷ λόγῳ ἔτυχον εἰπών in passing, Pl.Lg. 776d.IV come forward, X.An. 7.3.46 ;πάριτ' ἐς τὸ πρόσθεν Ar.Ach.43
;τὸ μάχιμον εἰς τὸν μέγιστον τῶν ἀγώνων τολμήσει παριέναι Pl.Lg. 830c
: metaph.,ἐς πρώτους νεωστὶ παριών Hdt.7.143
.2 come forward to speak, Pl.Alc. 1.106c ;παρῄει οὐδείς D.18.170
;παριὼν ἐπὶ τὸ βῆμα Aeschin.3.159
; παρῇσαν ἐπὶ τὸ βῆμα (cj. Dobree for παρῆσαν) D.1.8 ; παρῇμεν (cj. Cobet for παρῆμεν)εἰς τὴν ἐκκλησίαν Aeschin. 3.71
; at Athens, οἱ παριόντες orators, And.2.1, D.13.14, etc.;πᾶσι τοῖς παριοῦσι λόγον διδόναι Id.2.31
.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > πάρειμι
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4 ὀπώρα
Grammatical information: f.Compounds: As 1. member e.g. in ὀπωρο-φύλαξ m. `fruit watcher, garden watcher' (Arist.).Derivatives: 1. ὀπωρ-ινός `belonging to ὀπ.' (Il.; cf. Shipp Studies 77 w. lit.); 2. τὰ ὀπωρ-ιαῖα n. pl. `fruits' (Thphr.); 3. - ιμος `fructiferous' (Anon. ap. Suid.; after κάρπιμος, Arbenz 86f.); 4. - ιμεῖος `of fruit, belonging to fruit' ( PLond.; uncertain); 5. - ικός `belonging to ὀπ.', also name of a medicine againt dysentery (Plin., Gp.); 6. Όπωρεύς m. surn. of Zeus in Akraiphia (inscr.; Bosshardt 44); hοπορίς f. PN (Lac. or Mess. inscr.), Hopora f. PN (Lat. inscr.). 7. ὀπωράριον = pomarium (Gloss.). 8. Denom. verb ὀπωρ-ίζω `to reap (fruit), to harvest in autumn' (IA.) ith - ισμός m. `vintage' (Aq.). -- Here also μετ-όπωρ-ον ( μεθ-) `what is after ὀπώρα', φθιν-όπωρ-ον `when the ὀπ. ends', `(late) autumn' (IA.), hypostasis resp. governing comp. with thematic enlargement, cf. Schwyzer 442:1c. From there μετ-, φθιν-οπωρ-ινός (IA.) a.o.Etymology: The not rare, but unoriginal aspiration must have been taken from a word ( ὥρα?) with closely related meaning. -- From *ὀπ-ο[σ]άρ-ᾱ contracted (from where Lac. ὀπάρα), abstractformation in -ᾱ from prepositional ὀπ(ι)- (s. ὄπισθεν) and a noun *ὄ[σ]αρ n., which is in the form of a regularly alternating n-stem retained in Balto-Slav. a. Germ., e.g. Serb.-Csl. jesenь, Russ. ósenь f. `autumn', Goth. asans f. `harvest, summer', OHG aran (to which Ernte); so prop. `the time following ὄ[σ]αρ, i.e. the summer following time'. Schulze Q. 475 (= WP. 1, 161f., Pok. 343), Benveniste Origines 19.Page in Frisk: 2,408Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ὀπώρα
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