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1 ῥίζα
ῥίζα, ης, ἡ (on the formation s. Schwyzer I 352, cp. Lat. radix; Hom.+; ins, pap, LXX; OdeSol 11:16b; TestJud 24:5; Philo; Jos., Ant. 3, 174 al.; Tat. 12, 3f).① the underground part of a plant, rootⓐ lit. Mt 3:10; Lk 3:9; Hs 9, 1, 6; 9, 21, 1. ἐκ ῥιζῶν to its roots, root and branch (Heraclid. Pont., Fgm. 50 W.; Plut., Pomp. 629 [21, 3]; Polyaenus 2, 1, 10; Job 31:12; Aesop, Fab. 70 P.=101 Ch./71 H-H.) Mk 11:20. ῥίζαν ἔχειν have (deep) root(s) Mt 13:6; Mk 4:6 (Theophr., HP 6, 6, 7 πολλὴν ἔχουσα ῥίζαν; Reader, Polemo p. 372).ⓑ in imagery and transferred sense (LXX; oft. Philo; SibOr 3, 396): in the parable οὐκ ἔχειν ῥίζαν (ἐν ἑαυτῷ) have no firm root and hence be easily inclined to fall away Mt 13:21; Mk 4:17; Lk 8:13.—In Paul’s figure of the olive tree, its root and branches Ro 11:16–18. On ῥίζας βάλλειν 1 Cl 39:8 (Job 5:3) s. βάλλω 3c.—Of the beginnings fr. which someth. grows (Socrat., Ep. 14, 2; Herm. Wr. 4, 10): a family or nation (Ael. Aristid. 30, 16 K.=10 p. 120 D.; OGI 383, 30f [I B.C.] ἐμοῦ γένους ῥίζα) ἐκκόπτειν ἐκ ῥιζῶν root out, destroy root and branch B 12:9 (cp. ἐκ ῥιζῶν ἐξαιρεῖν Jos, Ant. 9, 181). ῥίζα πικρίας Hb 12:15 (πικρία 1). ῥ. πάντων τῶν κακῶν 1 Ti 6:10 (cp. SibOr 3, 234; Constantin. Manasses 2, 9 H.: φθόνος ἡ ῥίζα τῶν κακῶν; Himerius, Ecl. 32, 5 W.: παιδεία ῥίζα τῶν ἀγαθῶν; Straub 31). τῆς πίστεως ῥ. Pol 1:2 (cp. Epicurus in Athen. 12, 67 p. 546f [HUsener, Epicurea 1887 p. 278, 10] ἀρχὴ καὶ ῥίζα παντὸς ἀγαθοῦ; Plut., Mor., 4b πηγὴ καὶ ῥίζα καλοκἀγαθίας; Sir 1:6, 20 ῥ. σοφίας; Wsd 15:3 ῥ. ἀθανασίας).② that which grows from a root, shoot, scion, in our lit. in imagery descendant (Diod S 26, 16a μηδὲ ῥίζαν ἀπολιπεῖν συγγενείας=not a single scion of the family should survive; Ps.-Apollod. 2, 1, 4, 2 ʼ Αγήνωρ τῆς μεγάλης ῥίζης ἐγένετο γενεάρχης=the progenitor of the strong offshoot; Sir 40:15; 1 Macc 1:10) of the Messiah ἡ ῥίζα τοῦ Ἰεσσαί the Scion from Jesse Ro 15:12 (Is 11:10); ἡ ῥίζα Δαυίδ (cp. Sir 47:22) Rv 5:5; cp. 22:16. ὡς ῥίζα ἐν γῇ διψώσῃ 1 Cl 16:3 (Is 53:2).③ Hs 9, 30, 1f speaks of the ῥίζαι τοῦ ὄρους (of a mountain, hill, etc. as its foot: Aeschyl., Prom. 365 [pl.]; Polyb. 2, 66, 10; Diod S 20, 41, 3; Plut., Sulla 461 [16, 1]; Jos., Bell. 5, 239).—B. 523. DELG. M-M. TW. -
2 μόσχος 1
μόσχος 1Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `offshoot of plants, slip' (Λ 105, Thphr.), `stalk of a leaf' (Dsc.; cf. Strömberg Theophrastea 116); m. a. f. `young cow, heifer, calf', also of other young animals and (metaph.) of young men (Hdt., com.. E., pap.).Compounds: As 1. member almost only = `calf', e.g. μοσχο-τρόφος `raising calves' (pap.), μοσχό-ταυρος m. prop. `bull as old as a μόσχος', i.e. `bull-calf' (Al. Le. 4, 3), hardly (Strömberg Wortstudien 6) with inversion of the elements for μόσχος ταύρειος; as 2. member only in μονό-μοσχος `with one stalk' (Dsc.).Derivatives: 1. Diminut.: μοσχ-ίδιον `small shoot' (Ar., Ael.), - ίον `young calf' (Ephipp., Theoc.), - άριον `id.' (LXX, pap.). -- 2. subst.: μοσχ-άς, - άδος f. `shoot, slip' (Pamphylian; after φυτάς a.o., Chantraine Form. 353), also `heifer' (gloss.); - ίας -n. `young of a animal' (Poll.; as νεανίας a.o.); - ών, - ῶνος m. `calf-stable' (pap.); -ῆ f. `calf's skin' (Anaxandr.). -- 3. Adj.: μόσχ-(ε)ιος `of a calf' (E., X., Plb., AP); - ινος `of calf-leather' (pap.), - ίναι οἱ σκιρτητικοί H. -- 4. Adv.: μοσχ-ηδόν `like calves' (Nic.). -- 5. Verb: μοσχεύω `plant a root-shoot' (D., Thphr., D. H.), also `raise a calf' (Philostr.), with μοσχ-εία f. `planting of shoots' (Ph. Byz.), - ευσις f. `id.' (Gp.), - ευμα n. `shoot, offspring' (Thphr., pap.), - ευματικός = malleolaris (gloss.).Origin: IE [Indo-European] [750] *mosǵho- `young of an animal'Etymology: To μοσχίον agrees exactly Arm. mozi, gen. - voy `calf'; in both languages there came to Gr.-Arm. *mozǵhos a i̯o-deriv. The old but rare meaning`shoot of a plant' can without difficulty be understood as metaphor (cf. Strömberg Theophrastea 50 f.; not right on μόσχος ibd. 52). The comparison μόσχος `shoot of a plant' = Lith. mãzgas `knob of a tree' (Fick 1, 518 u.a.), where μόσχος `calf' together with Arm. mozi would have to be separated, is unnecessary, as the meaning `knob' originated from `round, hard raising, knob' (to mègsti `knot'). Old combinations in Bq, WP. 2, 308 f., Güntert Reimwortbildungen 147 f. Further Schwyzer 541. -- Here also the PN Μόσχοι ("youngmen") with Brandenstein Sprachgesch. und Wortbed. 82?Page in Frisk: 2,259Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > μόσχος 1
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3 ῥίζα
-ης + ἡ N 1 1-1-18-23-19=62 Dt 29,17; 2 Kgs 19,30; Is 5,24; 11,1(bis)root Jb 30,4; id. (metaph.) Dt 29,17; root, stock, family Tob 5,14; root, basic source, point Jb 19,28; root, origin (metaph.) Sir 1,6; shoot, scion Is 11,1ἐκ ῥιζῶν to its roots, root and branch, utterly Jb 31,12; εἰς ῥίζας τῶν ποδῶν μου to the sole of my feet Jb 13,27; ἡ ῥίζα τοῦ ὄρους foot of the hill Jdt 6,13; ῥίζαν βάλλοντας taking root Jb 5,3; οὐ δώσει ῥίζαν εἰς βάθος it will not take deep root, it will not put down root very deeply Wis 4,3; οὐ διαδώσουσιν τὰ τέκνα αὐτῆς εἰς ῥίζαν her children shall not take root Sir 23,25→LSJ Suppl; MM; TWNT -
4 ῥάδαμνος
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `branch, twig, shoot' (LXX, Suid., H.).Other forms: also ῥόδαμνος H. and ῥάδαμον καυλόν, βλαστόν (coni. Nic. Al. 92) with ῥαδαμεῖ βλαστάνει H.Derivatives: ῥαδαμνώδης (sch.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: With ῥάδαμνος cf. θάμνος, ῥάμνος (with ν-suffix; s. vv.), also σφέν-δαμνος, στάμνος a.o.; with ῥάδιξ cf. σπάδιξ, σκάνδιξ a.o. (Chantraine Form. 191 a. 215 f. resp. 382). With ῥάδιξ agrees formally Lat. rādīx `root', if from IE *u̯rād-; semant. closer is Lat. rāmus `branch, twig', which may stand for *u̯rād-mo-; beside it with short vowel ῥάδ-αμνος wich cannot continue IE *u̯rǝd- = *u̯r̥h₂d- (which would give a long α); cf. ῥίζα w. lit. One compares also ῥαδινός a.o. (s.v.).. -- After Alessio Studi etr. 18, 413 a. o. (s. Belardi Doxa 3, 218; rejecting) Mediterranean. Mann Lang. 17,20 and 28, 37 reminds of Alb. rrânzë `root'. Cf. ῥά̄διξ -ῑκος m. `branch, twig' (Nik.), `palm leave' (D. S.). -- (Aeol.) ὀρόδαμνος points to Ϝροδ. The word is no doubt Pre-Greek.Page in Frisk: 2,637-638Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ῥάδαμνος
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5 βάλλω
Aβαλέω Il. 8.403
, , 1491: [tense] aor. 2 ἔβᾰλον, [dialect] Ion.προ-βάλεσκε Od. 5.331
; later [tense] aor. 1 (5.18); [dialect] Ep. and [dialect] Ion. inf.βαλέειν Il.2.414
,al., Hdt.2.111,al., butβαλεῖν Il.13.387
, 14.424; opt. βλείης in Epich.219, part.βλείς Id.176
, as if from ἔβλην (v. συμβάλλω): [tense] pf. βέβληκα: [tense] plpf. ἐβεβλήκειν, [dialect] Ep.βεβλήκειν Il.5.661
:—[voice] Med., [dialect] Ion. [tense] impf.βαλλέσκετο Hdt.9.74
: [tense] fut. βᾰλοῦμαι ([etym.] προ-) Ar.Ra. 201, ([etym.] ἐπι-) Th.6.40, etc., [dialect] Ep. βαλεῦμαι ([etym.] ἀμφι-) Od.22.103: [tense] aor. 2 ἐβᾰλόμην, [dialect] Ion. imper.βαλεῦ Hdt.8.68
.γ, used mostly in compds.:—[voice] Pass., [tense] fut.βληθήσομαι X.HG7.5.11
, ([etym.] δια-) E.Hec. 863; alsoβεβλήσομαι Id.Or. 271
, Hld.2.13, ([etym.] δια-) D.16.2; part.δια-βεβλησόμενος Philostr. VA6.13
([dialect] Ep. [tense] fut. ξυμ-βλήσομαι, v. συμβάλλω): [tense] aor.ἐβλήθην Hdt.1.34
, Th.8.84, etc.: Hom. also has an [dialect] Ep. [tense] aor. [voice] Pass.,ἔβλητο Il.11.675
,ξύμβλητο 14.39
; subj.βλήεται Od.17.472
; opt. βλῇο orβλεῖο Il.13.288
; inf.βλῆσθαι 4.115
; part.βλήμενος 15.495
: [tense] pf. βέβλημαι, [dialect] Ion. [ per.] 3pl.βεβλήαται 11.657
(but [ per.] 3sg. h.Ap.20), opt.δια-βεβλῇσθε And.2.24
: [tense] plpf. ἐβεβλήμην ([etym.] περι-) X.HG7.4.22, ([etym.] ἐξ-) Isoc.18.17; [dialect] Ion. [ per.] 3pl.περι-εβεβλέατο Hdt.6.25
.—[dialect] Ep. [tense] pf. βεβόλημαι in special sense, v. βολέω.A [voice] Act., throw:I with acc. of person or thing aimed at, throw so as to hit, hit with a missile, freq. opp. striking with a weapon in the hand,βλήμενος ἠὲ τυπείς Il.15.495
;τὸν βάλεν, οὐδ' ἀφάμαρτε 11.350
, cf. 4.473, al.; so even inἐγγύθεν ἐλβὼν βεβλήκει.. δουρί 5.73
; and ; but later opp. τοξεύειν, D.9.17, X.An.4.2.12; ἐκ χειρὸς β. ib.3.3.15: c. dat. instrumenti, β. τινὰ δουρί, πέτρῳ, κεραυνῷ, etc., Il.13.518, 20.288, Od.5.128, etc.:βλήμενος ἢ ἰῷ ἢ ἔγχεϊ Il.8.514
: c. dupl. acc. pers. et partis,μιν βάλε μηρὸν ὀϊστῷ 11.583
: c. acc. partis only, 5.19, 657; soτὸν δ' Ὀδυσεὺς κατὰ λαιμὸν.. βάλεν ἰῷ Od.22.15
;δουρὶ βαλὼν πρὸς στῆθος Il. 11.144
: c. acc. cogn.,ἕλκος.., τό μιν βάλε Πάνδαρος ἰῷ 5.795
; also βάλε Τυδεΐδαο κατ' ἀσπίδα smote upon it, ib. 281.2 less freq. of things, ; of drops of blood, 11.536, cf. A.Ag. 1390: metaph., , cf. HF 1219; of the sun, ἀκτῖσιν ἔβαλλεν [θάμνους] Od.5.479;ἔβαλλε.. οὐρανὸν Ἠώς A.R.4.885
(so [voice] Pass.,σελήνη.. δι' εὐτρήτων βαλλομένη θυρίδων AP5.122
(Phld.)); strike the senses, of sound,ἵππων ὠκυπόδων ἀμφὶ κτύπος οὔατα βάλλει Il.10.535
, cf. S.Ant. 1188, Ph. 205 (lyr.); of smell,ὀσμὴ β. τινά Id.Ant. 412
;τάχ' ἂν πέμφιξ σε βροντῆς καὶ δυσοσμίας β. Id.Fr. 538
.3 metaph., β. τινὰ κακοῖς, φθόνῳ, ψόγῳ, smite with reproaches, etc., Id.Aj. 1244, E.El. 902, Ar. Th. 895;στεφάνοις β. τινά Pi.P.8.57
(hence metaph., praise, Id.O.2.98);φθόνος βάλλει A.Ag. 947
;φίλημα βάλλει τὴν καρδίαν Ach.Tat. 2.37
.II with acc. of the weapon thrown, cast, hurl, of missiles, rare in Hom.,βαλὼν βέλος Od.9.495
; . 346, cf. Od.20.62;ἐν νηυσὶν.. πῦρ β. Il.13.629
: c. dat., of the weapon, throw or shoot with a thing,οἱ δ' ἄρα χερμαδίοισι.. βάλλον 12.155
;βέλεσι Od.16.277
: in Prose abs., β. ἐπί τινα throw at one, Th.8.75;ἐπὶ σκοπόν X.Cyr.1.6.29
;ἐπίσκοπα Luc.Am.16
; alone,οἱ ψιλοὶ βάλλοντες εἶργον Th.4.33
: c. gen., βάλλοντα τοῦ σκοποῦ hitting the mark, Pl.Sis. 391a.2 generally of anything thrown,εἰς ἅλα λύματ' ἔβαλλον Il.1.314
;τὰ μὲν ἐν πυρὶ βάλλε Od.14.429
; [νῆα] β. ποτὶ πέτρας 12.71
; εὐνὰς β. throw out the anchor-stones, 9.137; β. σπόρον cast the seed, Theoc.25.26;β. κόπρον POxy.934.9
(iii A. D.): henceβ. ἀρούρας
manure,PFay.
118.21 (ii A. D.): metaph.,ὕπνον.. ἐπὶ βλεφάροις β. Od.1.364
;β. σκότον ὄμμασι E.Ph. 1535
(lyr.);β. λύπην τινί S.Ph.67
.b of persons, β. τινὰ ἐν κονίῃσιν, ἐν δαπέδῳ, Il.8.156, Od. 22.188;γῆς ἔξω β. S.OT 622
;β. τινὰ ἄθαπτον Id.Aj. 1333
; :—[voice] Pass.,ὑπὸ χλαίνῃ βεβλημένος AP5.164
(Mel.); on a sick-bed,Ev.Matt.
8.14: then metaph.,ἐς κακὸν β. τινά Od. 12.221
;ὅς με μετ'.. ἔριδας καὶ νείκεα β. Il.2.376
; β. τινὰ ἐς ἔχθραν, ἐς φόβον, A.Pr. 390, E.Tr. 1058; also ἐν αἰτίᾳ or αἰτίᾳ β. τινά, S.OT 657, Tr. 940 (but in E.Tr. 305 β. αἰτίαν ἔς τινα); κινδύνῳ β. τινά A.Th. 1053
.3 let fall,ἑτέρωσε κάρη βάλεν Il.8.306
, cf. 23.697;β. ἀπὸ δάκρυ παρειῶν Od.4.198
, cf. 114;κατὰ βλεφάρων β. δάκρυα Thgn. 1206
;κατ' ὄσσων E.Hipp. 1396
;αἵματος πέμφιγα πρὸς πέδῳ β. A.Fr. 183
; β. τοὺς ὀδόντας cast, shed them, Arist.HA 501b2, etc.; so βάλλειν alone, ib. 576a4;βοῦς βεβληκώς SIG958.7
([place name] Ceos).4 of the eyes, ἑτέρωσε βάλ' ὄμματα cast them, Od.16.179; ;πρόσωπον εἰς γῆν Id.Or. 958
: intr., ὀφθαλμὸς πρὸς τὸ φῶς βαλών aiming at.., Plot.2.4.5; βαλὼν πρὸς αὐτό directing one's gaze at.., Id.3.8.10.5 of animals, push forward or in front,τοὺς σοὺς [ἵππους] πρόσθε βαλών Il.23.572
; πλήθει πρόσθε βαλόντες (sc. ἵππους) ib. 639;βάλλε κάτωθε τὰ μοσχία Theoc.4.44
: metaph.,β. ψυχὰν ποτὶ κέρδεα BionFr.5.12
.6 in a looser sense, put, place, with or without a notion of haste,τὼ μὲν.. βαλέτην ἐν χερσὶν ἑταίρων Il.5.574
, cf. 17.40, 21.104;μῆλα.. ἐν νηΐ β. Od.9.470
;ἐπὶ γᾶν ἴχνος ποδὸς β. E.Rh. 721
(lyr.);φάσγανον ἐπ' αὐχένος β. Id.Or.51
;τοὺς δακτύλους εἰς τὰ ὦτα Ev.Marc.7.33
; β. πλίνθους lay bricks, Edict.Diocl.7.15; pour,οἶνον εἰς ἀσκούς Ev.Matt.9.17
;εἰς πίθον Arr.Epict.4.13.12
, cf. Dsc.1.71.5 (v.l. for ἐμβ.): metaph.,ἐν στήθεσσι μένος βάλε ποιμένι λαῶν Il.5.513
; ὅπως.. φιλότητα μετ' ἀμφοτέροισι βάλωμεν may put friendship between them, 4.16; ;ἐν καρδίᾳ β. Pi.O.13.16
; but also θυμῷ, ἐς θυμὸν β., lay to heart, A.Pr. 706, S.OT 975.b esp. of putting round,ἀμφ' ὀχέεσσι θοῶς βάλε καμπύλα κύκλα Il.5.722
; of clothes or arms,ἀμφὶ δ' Ἀθήνη ὤμοις.. βάλ' αἰγίδα 18.204
; put on,φαιὰ ἱμάτια Plb. 30.4.5
.d pay, PLond.3.1177 (ii A. D.), POxy.1448.5 (iv A. D.).7 of dice, throw,τρὶς ἓξ βαλεῖν A.Ag.33
, cf. Pl.Lg. 968e;ἄλλα βλήματ' ἐν κύβοις βαλεῖν E.Supp. 330
: so prob. ψῆφος βαλοῦσα, abs., by its throw, A.Eu. 751: metaph., εὖ or to be lucky, successful,Phld.
lr.p.51 W., Rh.1.10 S.III intr., fall,ποταμὸς Μινυήϊος εἰς ἅλα βάλλων Il.11.722
, cf. A.R.2.744, etc.; ἄνεμος κατ' αὐτῆς (sc. νεώς)ἔβαλε Act.Ap.27.14
; [ἵππους] περὶ τέρμα βαλούσας having run round the post, Il.23.462; ἐγὼ δὲ.. τάχ' ἐν πέδῳ βαλῶ (sc. ἐμαυτήν) A.Ag. 1172 (lyr.); λίμνηθεν ὅτ' εἰς ἁλὸς οἶδμα βάλητε arrive at.., A.R.4.1579; εἴσω β. enter a river's mouth, Orac. ap.D.S.8.23; βαλὼν κάθευδε lie down and sleep, Arr.Epict.2.20.10; τί οὖν, οὐ ῥέγκω βαλών; ib.4.10.29; ap. POxy.1368.51; cf. A. 11.4.2 in familiar language, away with you! be hanged!Ar.
V. 835, etc.;βάλλ' ἐς μακαρίαν Pl.Hp.Ma. 293a
, cf. Men.Epit. 389.B [voice] Med., put for oneself, ὡς ἐνὶ θυμῷ βάλλεαι that thou may'st lay it to heart, Il.20.196, cf. Od.12.218;σὺ δ' ἐνὶ φρεσὶ βάλλεο σῇσιν Hes.Op. 107
;εἰ μὲν δὴ νόστον γε μετὰ φρεσὶ.. βάλλεαι Il.9.435
;ἐς θυμὸν βαλέσθαι τι Hdt.1.84
, etc.; εἰς or ἐπὶ νοῦν, εἰς μνήμην, Plu.Thes. 24, Jul.Or.2.58a, etc. (v. supr. A.11.6); ἐπ' ἑωυτῶν βαλόμενοι on their own responsibility, Hdt.4.160, cf. 3.71, al.; ἑτέρως ἐβάλοντο θεοί, v. l. for ἐβόλοντο in Od.1.234;θεοὶ δ' ἑτέρωσε βάλοντο Q.S.1.610
.2 τόξα or ξίφος ἀμφ' ὤμοισιν βάλλεσθαι throw about one's shoulder, Il.10.333, 19.372, etc.;ἐπὶ κάρα στέφη β. E.IA 1513
(lyr.).4 lay as foundation,κρηπῖδα βαλέσθαι Pi.P.7.3
, cf. 4.138, Luc.Hipp.4; also, lay the foundations of, begin to form,οἰκοδομίας Pl.Lg. 779b
;χάρακα Plb.3.105.10
, Poll. 8.161; simply, build,ἱερὸν περί τι Philostr.VA4.13
; β. ἄγκυραν cast anchor, Hdt.9.74, etc.; .II rarely, χρόα βάλλεσθαι λουτροῖς dash oneself with water, bathe, h.Cer.50 (butλουτρὰ ἐπὶ χροῒ βαλεῖν E.Or. 303
). (Arc. - δέλλω in ἐς-δέλλοντες, = ἐκ-βάλλοντες, IG5(2).6.49: ζέλλειν· βάλλειν, Hsch. Root g[uglide]el- 'throw', Skt. galati 'trickle', OHG. quellan 'spurt up', Lith. gulēti 'lie'.) -
6 μολοβρός
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: scornful or ignominious qualification, by the goat-herd Melanthos and the beggar Iros referred to the unknown Odysseus (ρ 219, σ 26; after this Lyc. 775); also of the head ( κεφαλή) of a plant in unknown meaning (Nic. Th. 662).Derivatives: μολόβρ-ιον n. `the young of a swine' (Ael.), - ίτης ὗς `ds.' (Hippon.). -- PN Μόλοβρος m. (Th. 4, 8, 9; Lacon.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Popular word, because of the uncertain meaning hard to assess. Several proposals of doubtful value from old and new times: ἀπὸ τοῦ μολεῖν καὶ παραγίνεσθαι πρὸς βορὰν καὶ τροφήν (sch. Lyc. 775); from μέλας, μολύνω and τὰ ὄβρια, ὀβρίκαλα `the young of animals' (Curtius 370); to βλιβρόν λαγρόν H. and βλάβη (Fick BB 28, 97; agreeing Bechtel Lex. s.v. and Hist. Personennamen 502); from *μολός `runner, shoot' (cf. μολεύω) and βορά (Grošelj Živa Ant. 2, 212f.); s. also Reynen Herm. 85, 142 w. n. 2. - Neumann HS 105(1992) 75-80 derives it form *μολος, Skt. málam `dirt' (from * melo- or * molHo-) and the root * gʷrh₃- `eat' in βιβρώσκω; but -*gʷr̥Ho- would have given *-βαρο-. Rather a Pre-Greek word.Page in Frisk: 2,250-251Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > μολοβρός
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7 σπάω
σπάω, σπάομαιGrammatical information: v.Meaning: `to draw', e.g. a sword, `to pull out, to tug, to wince, to attract, to snatch, to pull off, to sprain, to drag or to lure somewhere, to pull in, to suck in, to slurp down' (S., Ar. a. o.)Other forms: Aor. σπάσαι, σπάσ(σ)ασθαι, pass. σπασθῆναι (Il.), fut. σπάσω, - ομαι, perf. midd. ἔσπασμαι (IA.), act. ἔσπακα (Ar., Arist. a. o.).Compounds: Very often w. prefix in different shades of meaning, e.g. ἀνα-, ἀπο-, δια-, ἐπι-, κατα-, περι-.Derivatives: A. From the unenlarged root: 1. σπάσις, mostly to the prefixed verbs, e.g. ἀνάσπα-σις (: ἀνα-σπάσαι, - σπᾶν) `pulling in' etc. (Hp., Arist. etc.). 2. σπασμός ( ἐπισπασμός etc.) m. `wincing, spasm, violent movement' (IA.) with σπασμ-ώδης, κατα-σπασμ-ικός. 3. σπάσμα ( ἀπόσπασμα etc.) n. `spasm, sprain, shred, scrap' (IA); on σπάσις, - σμός, - σμα Chantraine Form. 145 a. 147. -- 4. - σπαστος in ἐπίσπασ-τος `brought upon oneself, incurred' (Od. etc.) a.o.; σπαστικός ( κατα-, περι-) `pulling in, slurping in' (Arist.). -- 5. - σπα-στήρ, - ῆρος m. in ἐπισπαστήρ (Hdt., AP; - σπατήρ inscr.), ποτισπαστήρ (Epid. IV--IIIa) "attractor", `thong which draws the door, bird string, net'; ἐπίσπαστρον n. `id.' (LXX, D.S. a. o.). --B. With δ-enlargement: 1. παρα-σπάς, - άδος f. `shoot torn off and planted' (Thphr.), ἀπο- σπάω `twig torn off' (AP, Nonn.). 2. σπάδῑξ, -ῑκος m. `(torn off) twig, espec. palm twig' (Nic., Plu. etc.); Lat. LW [loanword] spădīx `date-coloured' (s. W.-Hofmann s.v.). 2. σπάδιον n. `race-track' (Argos, H; "the lenghty one"; cf. στάδιον). 3. σπαδών, - όνος f. `spasm, convulsion' (Hp., Nic.) with - ονίζω, - ονισμός. 4. σπάδων, - ωνος m. `eunuch' (LXX, Plb. a.o.), also σπάδος (Eust.; vgl. E. Maass RhM 74, 432ff.). -- C. With τ-enlargement: σπάτος n. `(removed) skin' (H., sch. Ar. Pax 48 [Boeot.]) with σπάτειος in σπατείων δερματίνων H., as 1. member in Σ\<πα\> το-ληασταί m. pl. guild of fullers in Argos (Rom. time; Fraenkel Nom. ag. 1, 176). -- D. Derived verbs: σπάζει σκυζᾳ̃. Άχαιοί H.; σπαδίξας aor. ptc. of σπαδίζω `to remove' (Hdt. 5, 25); σπατίζει τῶν \<σ\> πατέων ἕλκει, τῶν δερμάτων, τῶν τιτθῶν H. -- On σπάθη s. v.Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: The regular inflectional system of σπάω may have developed from the aorist σπάσαι. From there first σπασθῆναι, ἔσπασμαι, σπάσω, further σπάω, lastly ἔσπακα (cf. on κλάω). The σ-forms σπασθῆναι etc. are prob. analogical beside σπα-δ-, σπα-τ- (diff. Schwyzer 761; doubting 706). -- No immediate agreement outside Greek. Semantically very tempting is the comparison with Toch. B pāss- `draw off (the skin)' in the preterital forms passāre-ne (3. pl. act.), passāmai (1. sg. midd.), s. v. Windekens Orbis 11, 343; 12, 191, though the absence of the "movable" s- must raise doubts (- ss- moreover from - sw- acc. to v. W.). An old verbal noun seems preserved in the Lat. relict-word spatium `space etc.' (: σπάδιον with alternative dental, Schwyzer 498 n. 13 w. lit.). -- The other under spē(i)- grouped words `draw, stretch etc.' in WP. 2, 655ff. (similar Pok. 981 ff.) after Persson Beitr. 1, 386--415, a. o. OHG spanan `allure, entice' (prop. *"allure"), spāti `late', are because of the extensible meaning, the short size of the words and the variating phonetics not well usable for an exact, detailed etymological demonstration and do not help to undertsand σπάω. -- Cf. σπίδιος and σφαδάζω; also cf. σπατάλη and σπατίλη.Page in Frisk: 2,759-761Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > σπάω
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8 σπάομαι
σπάω, σπάομαιGrammatical information: v.Meaning: `to draw', e.g. a sword, `to pull out, to tug, to wince, to attract, to snatch, to pull off, to sprain, to drag or to lure somewhere, to pull in, to suck in, to slurp down' (S., Ar. a. o.)Other forms: Aor. σπάσαι, σπάσ(σ)ασθαι, pass. σπασθῆναι (Il.), fut. σπάσω, - ομαι, perf. midd. ἔσπασμαι (IA.), act. ἔσπακα (Ar., Arist. a. o.).Compounds: Very often w. prefix in different shades of meaning, e.g. ἀνα-, ἀπο-, δια-, ἐπι-, κατα-, περι-.Derivatives: A. From the unenlarged root: 1. σπάσις, mostly to the prefixed verbs, e.g. ἀνάσπα-σις (: ἀνα-σπάσαι, - σπᾶν) `pulling in' etc. (Hp., Arist. etc.). 2. σπασμός ( ἐπισπασμός etc.) m. `wincing, spasm, violent movement' (IA.) with σπασμ-ώδης, κατα-σπασμ-ικός. 3. σπάσμα ( ἀπόσπασμα etc.) n. `spasm, sprain, shred, scrap' (IA); on σπάσις, - σμός, - σμα Chantraine Form. 145 a. 147. -- 4. - σπαστος in ἐπίσπασ-τος `brought upon oneself, incurred' (Od. etc.) a.o.; σπαστικός ( κατα-, περι-) `pulling in, slurping in' (Arist.). -- 5. - σπα-στήρ, - ῆρος m. in ἐπισπαστήρ (Hdt., AP; - σπατήρ inscr.), ποτισπαστήρ (Epid. IV--IIIa) "attractor", `thong which draws the door, bird string, net'; ἐπίσπαστρον n. `id.' (LXX, D.S. a. o.). --B. With δ-enlargement: 1. παρα-σπάς, - άδος f. `shoot torn off and planted' (Thphr.), ἀπο- σπάομαι `twig torn off' (AP, Nonn.). 2. σπάδῑξ, -ῑκος m. `(torn off) twig, espec. palm twig' (Nic., Plu. etc.); Lat. LW [loanword] spădīx `date-coloured' (s. W.-Hofmann s.v.). 2. σπάδιον n. `race-track' (Argos, H; "the lenghty one"; cf. στάδιον). 3. σπαδών, - όνος f. `spasm, convulsion' (Hp., Nic.) with - ονίζω, - ονισμός. 4. σπάδων, - ωνος m. `eunuch' (LXX, Plb. a.o.), also σπάδος (Eust.; vgl. E. Maass RhM 74, 432ff.). -- C. With τ-enlargement: σπάτος n. `(removed) skin' (H., sch. Ar. Pax 48 [Boeot.]) with σπάτειος in σπατείων δερματίνων H., as 1. member in Σ\<πα\> το-ληασταί m. pl. guild of fullers in Argos (Rom. time; Fraenkel Nom. ag. 1, 176). -- D. Derived verbs: σπάζει σκυζᾳ̃. Άχαιοί H.; σπαδίξας aor. ptc. of σπαδίζω `to remove' (Hdt. 5, 25); σπατίζει τῶν \<σ\> πατέων ἕλκει, τῶν δερμάτων, τῶν τιτθῶν H. -- On σπάθη s. v.Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: The regular inflectional system of σπάω may have developed from the aorist σπάσαι. From there first σπασθῆναι, ἔσπασμαι, σπάσω, further σπάω, lastly ἔσπακα (cf. on κλάω). The σ-forms σπασθῆναι etc. are prob. analogical beside σπα-δ-, σπα-τ- (diff. Schwyzer 761; doubting 706). -- No immediate agreement outside Greek. Semantically very tempting is the comparison with Toch. B pāss- `draw off (the skin)' in the preterital forms passāre-ne (3. pl. act.), passāmai (1. sg. midd.), s. v. Windekens Orbis 11, 343; 12, 191, though the absence of the "movable" s- must raise doubts (- ss- moreover from - sw- acc. to v. W.). An old verbal noun seems preserved in the Lat. relict-word spatium `space etc.' (: σπάδιον with alternative dental, Schwyzer 498 n. 13 w. lit.). -- The other under spē(i)- grouped words `draw, stretch etc.' in WP. 2, 655ff. (similar Pok. 981 ff.) after Persson Beitr. 1, 386--415, a. o. OHG spanan `allure, entice' (prop. *"allure"), spāti `late', are because of the extensible meaning, the short size of the words and the variating phonetics not well usable for an exact, detailed etymological demonstration and do not help to undertsand σπάω. -- Cf. σπίδιος and σφαδάζω; also cf. σπατάλη and σπατίλη.Page in Frisk: 2,759-761Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > σπάομαι
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