preserve

con-tĕgo, xi, ctum, 3, v. a., to cover, to cover up or over (freq. and class.).

In gen.

Lit., aliquem or aliquid aliquā re:

coria centonibus,

Caes. B. C. 2, 10; so,

locum linteis,

Liv. 10, 38, 5: capita scutis, Auct. B. Afr. 47 fin.; cf.:

caput glauco amictu,

Verg. A. 12, 885:

se corbe,

Cic. Sest. 38, 82:

spoliis contectum juvenis corpus,

Liv. 8, 7, 22; cf.:

pelle contectus,

Suet. Ner. 29:

corpus ejus (tumulus),

Cic. Arch. 10, 24; cf.

thus of burying: eos uno tumulo,

Liv. 26, 25, 13; Curt. 7, 9, 21; Val. Fl. 5, 58:

humo,

Ov. H. 16, 274:

corpus Galbae humili sepulturā,

Tac. H. 1, 49:

in privatis ejus hortis, omnia nebulā,

Liv. 40, 22, 4; Suet. Ner. 31.—Rarely with in and abl.:

in aliquo ramorum contexu contegi,

Tac. G. 46; cf. id. H. 1, 49 supra.—

Trop.:

quidam servili habitu, alii fide clientium contecti,

covered, protected, Tac. H. 3, 73.—

In partic.

With the access. idea of preservation (cf. condo), to preserve, keep:

cum arma omnia reposita contectaque essent,

Caes. B. C. 2, 14.—More freq.,

With the access. idea of concealment, to conceal by covering, to cover, hide, conceal.

Of corporeal objects:

eas partes corporis contexit atque abdidit, etc.,

Cic. Off. 1, 35, 126.—

Of abstr. objects:

factam injuriam illi miserae,

Ter. Hec. 3, 3, 41:

libidines fronte et supercilio, non pudore et temperantiā,

Cic. Prov. Cons. 4, 8:

aperire et recludere contecta victricium partium vulnera,

Tac. H. 2, 77:

contegendis quae prima aetas et summa fortuna expeterent,

id. A. 13, 13; Cod. Th. 7, 4, 21.

con-tĭnĕo, tĭnŭi, tentum, 2, v. a. and n. [teneo].

Act., to hold or keep together.

In gen. (rare).

Lit. (syn.:

coërceo, conjungo): contine quaeso caput,

Plaut. Rud. 2, 6, 26:

quod omnem continet amplexu terram,

Lucr. 5, 319; cf.:

mundus omnia conplexu suo coërcet et continet,

Cic. N. D. 2, 22, 58:

vitem levi nodo,

Plin. 17, 22, 35, § 187:

magni refert primordia saepe cum quibus... contineantur,

Lucr. 1, 818; 1, 908; 2, 761;

2, 1008: pars oppidi, mari dijuncta angusto, ponte adjungitur et continetur,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 52, § 117.—

Of places, to bound, limit, enclose (very rare in act.):

reliquum spatium mons continet,

Caes. B. G. 1, 38:

Oceanus ponto qua continet orbem,

Tib. 4, 1, 147; but more freq. in pass., to be comprised, enclosed, surrounded, encompassed, environed by:

qui vicus altissimis montibus undique continetur,

Caes. B. G. 3, 1; so,

undique loci naturā Helvetii,

id. ib. 1, 2:

mare montibus angustis,

id. ib. 4, 23:

una pars Galliae Garumnā flumine, Oceano, finibus Belgarum,

id. ib. 1, 1.—

Trop.:

omnes artes quasi cognatione quādam inter se continentur,

hang together, Cic. Arch. 1, 2.—Far more freq. in all periods and species of composition.,

With partic. access. ideas.

With the access. idea of firmness, quiet, permanence, etc., to hold or keep together, to keep, hold fast, preserve, retain (syn. servo).

Lit.:

(alvus) arcet et continet... quod recepit,

Cic. N. D. 2, 54, 136:

merces (opp. partiri),

id. Vatin. 5, 12; cf.

exercitum (opp. dividere),

Liv. 28, 2, 16:

arida continent odorem diutius,

Plin. 21, 7, 18, § 39.—

Trop.:

nec ulla res vehementius rem publicam continet quam fides,

Cic. Off. 2, 24, 84:

Remos reliquosque Belgas in officio,

Caes. B. G. 3, 11:

in officio Dumnorigem,

id. ib. 5, 7:

te in exercitatione,

Cic. Fam. 7, 19 fin.:

te in tuis perenuibus studiis,

id. Brut. 97, 332:

ceteros in armis (plaga),

Liv. 9, 41, 15:

alicujus hospitio,

Nep. Lys. 1, 5.—

With the access. idea of hindering, preventing motion, to keep, keep still, detain, restrain, repress, enclose.

Lit.: milites [p. 449] sub pellibus, Caes. B. G. 3, 29; cf.:

pecudem sub tecto,

Col. 7, 10, 3:

exercitum castris,

Caes. B. G. 1, 48; 2, 11; Liv. 31, 26, 6; 28, 9, 14 al.; cf.:

nostros in castris (tempestates),

Caes. B. G. 4, 34; 6, 36; and:

copias in castris,

id. B. C. 1, 66; 3, 30; Auct. B. Afr. 1; 7; Liv. 36, 17, 9:

Pompeium quam angustissime,

Caes. B. C. 3, 45:

aliquem limine,

Liv. 34, 1, 5:

ora frenis,

Phaedr. 3, 6, 7:

ventos carcere,

Ov. M. 11, 432:

animam in dicendo,

Cic. de Or. 1, 61, 261 et saep.:

se ruri,

to stay, remain, Ter. Phorm. 2, 3, 17; cf.:

se domi,

Suet. Caes. 81:

suo se loco,

Caes. B. G. 4, 34:

oppido sese,

id. ib. 2, 30:

castris se continere,

id. B. C. 3, 37:

se vallo,

id. B. G. 5, 44:

se finibus Romanis,

Liv. 39, 17, 4; 34, 58, 3:

moenibus sese,

id. 42, 7, 4:

agrorum suorum terminis se,

id. 38, 40, 2:

se moenibus,

Ov. M. 13, 208:

sese intra silvas,

Caes. B. G. 2, 18:

suos intra munitionem,

id. ib. 5, 57;

5, 58: milites intra castrorum vallum,

id. B. C. 3, 76; Liv. 31, 34, 9;

Auct. B. Afr. 24: intra castra militem,

Tac. H. 4, 19:

praesidibus provinciarum propagavit imperium, ut a peritis et assuetis socii continerentur,

Suet. Aug. 23 et saep.:

an te auspicium commoratum est? an tempestas continet?

Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 67.—

Trop., to hold back, detain, repress, hold in check, curb, check, stay, stop, tame, subdue, etc. (syn. cohibeo):

adpetitiones animi,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 9, 22:

omnis cupiditates,

id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 11, § 32:

modeste insolentiam suam,

id. Agr. 1, 6, 18:

risum,

id. Fin. 4, 25, 71 et saep.:

formido mortales omnes,

Lucr. 1, 151:

Etruriam non tam armis quam judiciorum terrore,

Liv. 29, 36, 10:

oppida magis metu quam fide,

id. 30, 20, 5; cf.:

quosdam continet metus,

Quint. 1, 3, 6:

solo metu,

id. 12, 7, 2 et saep.:

animum a consuetā libidine,

Sall. J. 15, 3:

temeritatem ab omni lapsu (with cohibere),

Cic. Ac. 1, 12, 45:

suos a proelio,

Caes. B. G. 1, 15:

manum juventus Metu deorum,

Hor. C. 1, 35, 37 al.:

se ab adsentiendo,

Cic. Ac. 2, 32, 104; so,

se ab exemplis,

id. Fin. 2, 19, 62:

temperans, qui se in aliquā libidine continuerit,

id. Par. 3, 1, 21:

se male continet amens,

Ov. M. 4, 351:

male me, quin vera faterer, Continui,

id. ib. 7, 729:

nequeo continere quin loquar,

Plaut. Men. 2, 1, 28.—

Mid.: contineri, quin complectar, non queo,

restrain myself, refrain, Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 128; cf.:

vix me contineo, quin, etc.,

Ter. Eun. 5, 2, 20:

jam nequeo contineri,

Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 60; cf.:

vix contineor,

Ter. Hec. 4, 3, 9:

quae vera audivi, taceo et contineo optime,

keep it to myself, conceal it, id. Eun. 1, 2, 23:

ea quae continet, neque adhuc protulit, explicet nobis,

Cic. de Or. 1, 47, 206:

dicta,

id. ib. 2, 55, 222.—

With the access. idea of containing, to comprise, contain, involve, comprehend something in itself (syn. complector):

(aqua gelum) quod continet in se, mittit,

Lucr. 6, 877; cf.:

ut omnia, quae aluntur et crescunt, contineant in se vim caloris,

Cic. N. D. 2, 9, 23; so,

in se,

Quint. 1, 6, 31; 2, 10, 2:

Quattuor aeternus genitalia corpora mundus Continet,

Ov. M. 15, 240:

rem militarem,

Liv. 5, 52, 16:

panis innumeras paene continet medicinas,

Plin. 22, 25, 68, § 138:

(linea) centum continet (pedes),

Quint. 1, 10, 44:

Idus Martiae magnum mendum continent,

Cic. Att. 14, 22, 2:

paucas species (vox),

Quint. 11, 3, 18:

tales res, quales hic liber continet,

Cic. Or. 43, 148; Plin. Ep. 5, 9, 1:

narrationes, quae summam criminis contineant,

Quint. 4, 2, 10:

fabula stultorum regum et populorum continet aestus,

Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 8; cf.:

liber primus ea continebit, quae, etc., Quint. prooem. § 21: tertia epistula continebat, etc.,

Plin. Ep. 9, 28, 5.—With subj.-clause:

quando ipsos loqui deceat, quartus liber continet,

Quint. 11, 1, 59.—Esp. freq.,

In pass.: contineri aliquā re, to be contained in something, be composed of, consist of or in, to rest upon, to be supported by, etc.:

terreno corpore,

Lucr. 1, 1085:

non venis et nervis et ossibus continentur (dii),

Cic. N. D. 2, 23, 59:

artem negabat esse ullam, nisi quae cognitis penitusque perspectis... rebus contineretur,

id. de Or. 1, 20, 92:

forma honestatis, quae tota quattuor his virtutibus... continetur,

id. Fin. 2, 15, 48:

versus paucis (pedibus) continetur,

Quint. 9, 4, 60: quae philosophorum libris continentur, id. prooem. § 11; cf. id. 5, 10, 111 et saep.: artes, quae conjecturā continentur et sunt opinabiles, Cic. Div. 1, 14, 24:

foedere,

Liv. 41, 23, 9:

actu,

Quint. 2, 18, 5; 12, 9, 1; 3, 7, 28.—Rarely with in and abl.:

forum, in quo omnis aequitas continetur,

Cic. Cat. 4, 1, 2; cf.:

quibus (legibus) in singulis civitatibus res publica continetur,

id. Off. 3, 5, 23.—

Neutr., to hold together in itself, to hang together (in the verb. finit. very rare; but freq. as P. a.; cf. also the deriv. continuus):

per hortum utroque commeatus continet,

Plaut. Stich. 3, 1, 43.—Hence,

contĭnens, entis, P. a.

(Acc. to II.) Holding or hanging together (freq. and class.).

Bordering upon, neighboring, contiguous, lying near, adjacent (syn.: junctus, adjunctus, contiguus); constr. with dat., cum, or absol.

Prop.:

aër mari,

Cic. N. D. 2, 45, 117:

continentia atque adjuncta praedia huic fundo,

id. Caecin. 4, 11:

(mare) dissimile est proximo ei continenti,

id. Ac. 2, 33, 105 al.:

Cappadociae pars ea, quae cum Cilicià continens est,

id. Fam. 15, 2, 2:

(Morini) continentes silvas ac paludes habebant,

Caes. B. G. 3, 28; cf. so absol.:

parum locuples continente ripā,

Hor. C. 2, 18, 22; cf.:

pars eorum, qui propiores erant continenti litori,

Liv. 44, 28, 12.— Subst.: contĭnentĭa, ĭum, n. (sc. loca), adjoining places, the neighborhood:

Cherronesum et continentia usque Atho montem,

Plin. 18, 25, 57, § 215 al.:

urbis,

the suburbs, Dig. 50, 16, 147.—

Trop., in time, following, next:

continentibus diebus,

Caes. B. C. 3, 84;

and of other abstract things: motus sensui junctus et continens,

Cic. N. D. 1, 11, 26:

timori perpetuo ipsum malum continens fuit,

followed at its heels, Liv. 5, 39, 8.—

Holding together, cohering in itself, connected, continuous, uninterrupted.

Prop.:

continens agmen migrantium,

Liv. 1, 29, 4:

agmen,

id. 2, 50, 7; 8, 8, 13 al.:

ruinae,

id. 21, 8, 5; terra, the mainland, continent, Varr. ap. Charis. p. 100 P.; Cic. Fragm. ap. Non. p. 274, 6; Nep. Them. 3, 2; and in the same sense far more freq. subst.: contĭnens, entis, f. (rarely masc., Curt. 4, 2, 1 Zumpt, dub.; abl. in e and i equally used;

v. the 4th and 5th books of Caes. B. G.),

Caes. B. G. 4, 27; 4, 28; 4, 31; 4, 36 bis et saep.; Nep. Milt. 7, 3; Liv. 35, 43, 4; Plin. 5, 31, 34, § 128; Suet Aug. 65; id. Tib. 40 et saep.—

Trop., in time, continual, consecutive, uninterrupted:

labor omnium dierum,

Caes. B. C. 3, 63; Liv. 42, 54, 3:

bella,

Caes. B. G. 5, 11 fin.:

imperium usque ad nos,

Liv. 7, 30, 8:

imber per noctem totam,

id. 23, 44, 6:

biduo,

Suet. Calig. 19:

febres sine intermissione,

Cels. 3, 5 fin.:

e continenti genere,

in continuous descent, Cic. Fin. 2, 19, 61:

spiritus,

id. de Or. 3, 57, 216 et saep.: ex continenti (sc. tempore), instantly, immediately, = continuo, statim, Just. 1, 9; so,

in continenti,

Dig. 44, 5, 1.—

(Acc. to I. B. 2. b.) That restrains his passions, continent, moderate, temperate, enkratês (rare, but in good prose):

continentior in vitā hominum quam in pecuniā,

Caes. B. C. 1, 23:

cum reges tam sint continentes, multo magis consularis esse oportere,

Cic. Fam. 9, 19, 1:

puer,

id. Att. 6, 6, 3:

Epaminondas,

Nep. Epam. 3, 2 al. — Sup., Cic. Par. 1, 1, 7; Suet. Aug. 71.—

(Acc. to I. B. 3.) In rhet., subst.: contĭnens, entis, n., that on which something rests or depends, the chief point, hinge:

causae,

Cic. Part. Or. 29, 103; id. Top. 25, 95:

intuendum videtur, quid sit quaestio, ratio, judicatio, continens, vel ut alii vocant, firmamentum,

Quint. 3, 11, 1; cf. id. ib. § 18 sqq.— Adv.: contĭnen-ter.

(Acc. to A. 2.)

In space, in unbroken succession, in a row. continenter sedetis, Cat. 37, 6.—More freq. and class.,

In time, continuously, without interruption:

totā nocte ierunt,

Caes. B. G. 1, 26:

jam amplius horis sex pugnaretur,

id. ib. 3, 5:

biduum lapidibus pluit,

Liv. 25, 7, 7:

usque ad ipsum negotium,

Cic. Inv. 1, 26, 37:

ferri imagines,

id. N. D. 1, 39, 109.—

(Acc. to B.) Temperately, moderately (rare):

vivere,

Cic. Off. 1, 30, 106; in sup.:

vivere,

Aug. Ep. 199; id. Conf. 6, 12.—Hence also,

contentus, a, um, P. a. (acc. to I. B. 2. b.); medial., satisfying one's self with, contented, satisfied, content (freq. in all periods and species of composition); constr. in gen. with the abl.; more rarely absol.; after the Aug. per. very freq. with the inf.

With abl.: his versibus, Lucil. ap. Non. p. 264, 3:

suis rebus,

Cic. Par. 6, 3, 51:

paucis,

Hor. S. 1, 3, 16:

illā (sorte),

id. ib. 1, 1, 3:

viverem uti contentus eo quod mī ipse parasset,

id. ib. 1, 4, 108; cf. Suet. Aug. 82:

solā Dianā,

Verg. A. 11, 582.—

Absol.:

cum ipsum audires sine comparatione, non modo contentus esses, sed melius non quaereres,

Cic. Brut. 35, 134; so comp., Plaut. Poen. 2, 15.—

With inf.:

indagare,

Ov. M. 1, 461:

edidicisse,

id. ib. 2, 638:

retinere titulum provinciae,

Vell. 2, 49:

hostes sustinuisse,

id. 2, 112:

indicare,

Quint. 4, 2, 128:

ostendere,

id. 5, 10, 31:

id consequi, quod imiteris,

id. 10, 2, 7 et saep.— Adv.: contentē (ante-and post-class., and rare), in a restrained manner, closely:

arte contenteque habere aliquem,

Plaut. As. 1, 1, 63:

parce contenteque vivere,

Pacat. Pan. Theod. 13.

con-tŭĕor, ŭĭtus, 2 (ante-class. and poet.; access. form pres. contŭor, Plaut. As. 2, 3, 23; Stat. Achill. 1, 131:

contuimur,

Lucr. 4, 35; inf. contui, Plaut. As. 1, 1, 111; 3, 1, 20; id. Most. 3, 2, 152; Pompon. ap. Non. p. 470, 31; cf. tueor and intueor; and in act. form contuo, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 2, or Fragm. v. 95 Vahl.), v. a.

To look on, gaze upon, behold, survey, to consider attentively (syn. conspicio; rare but class.; most freq. in Cic.).

Lit.:

occepi contui, conspicio coleatam cuspidem,

Pompon. 1. 1.:

totam terram contueri ejusque situm, formam, etc.,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 20, 45:

hanc sedem et aeternam domum,

id. Rep. 6, 23, 25:

os,

id. Sull. 27, 74:

te duobus oculis,

id. N. D. 3, 3, 8:

aliquid,

id. de Or. 3, 59, 221:

longinqua (opp. prope admota non cernere),

Plin. 11, 37, 54, § 142 sq.; Suet. Aug. 94;

id novum Agesilaus contuens,

beholding this novelty, Nep. Chabr. 1, 2.— Absol.:

alicui acrius contuenti voltum summittere,

Suet. Aug. 79; so Plin. 29, 6, 38, § 132.—Of a place personified: Acrocorinthus utraque maria contuens. Mel. 2, 3, 7; cf. Cic. Dom. 57, 146. —

Trop., to take into view, to weigh, ponder maturely, to observe (rare):

quod bene propositum si plane contueare, Ac videas plane,

Lucr. 6, 653:

a contuendis malis avocare aliquem,

Cic. Tusc. 3, 16, 35.—

With the access. idea of carefulness, to see to, take care of, preserve carefully:

pecus sic contuendum, ne,

Varr. R. R. 2, 5, 16.—

Inchoat. (cf. conspicio, II.), to get sight of, perceive, descry (very rare):

si volturios forte possis contui,

Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 152:

figuras miras simulacraque in somnis,

Lucr. 4, 35.

dē-fendo, di, sum ( infin. pass. parag.: defendier, Verg. A. 8, 493: Juv. 15, 157.— Part. gen. plur. sync.:

defendentum,

Verg. A. 11, 886), 3, v. a. [arch.: FENDO; cf. Sanscr. han (ghan), to smite; Gr. theinô; hence, also offendo, infensus, infestus, mani-festus; cf. fustis], to fend or ward off any thing hostile or injurious; to repel, avert, keep off: propulsando arcere (for syn. cf.: tueor, tutor, servo, conservo. propugno, protego, vindico, caveo—freq. and class.); regularly constr. with acc. alone (so in Cic. and Caes.); very rarely aliquid (aliquem) ab aliquo, and in poets also aliquid alicui; cf. Zumpt. Gr. § 469.

Aliquid (aliquem):

ut tu morbos calamitates intemperiasque prohibessis, defendas averruncesque,

Cato R. R. 141, 2: serva cives, defende hostes, cum potes defendere, Enn. ap. Non. 277, 21; cf.

bellum (opp. inferre),

Caes. B. G. 1, 44, 13; 2, 29 fin.:

ad defendendos ictus ac repellendos,

id. B. C. 2, 9, 3; cf.:

ignis jactus et lapides,

id. ib. 2, 2, 4:

frigus et solem,

Cato R. R. 48, 2; cf.:

nimios solis ardores,

Cic. de Sen. 15, 53;

and frigus,

Hor. S. 1, 3, 14;

also: sitim fonte et purā lymphā,

to quench, Sil. 7, 170:

qui non defendit injuriam neque propulsat,

Cic. Off. 3, 18, 74; so,

injuriam,

id. Rosc. Am. 1:

noxiam,

Ter. Phorm. 1, 4, 48:

imperatoris sui tribunorumque plebis injurias,

Caes. B. C. 1, 7 fin.:

vim suorum,

id. ib. 3, 110, 4; cf.:

vim illatam vi,

Cic. Mil. 4:

pericula,

id. Mur. 3; Tac. A. 13, 56:

hunc furorem,

Verg. A. 10, 905:

dedecus manu,

Sil. 13, 99 et saep.:

crimen,

to answer, defend against an accusation, Liv. 42, 48, 2.—

With ab: (milites) a pinnis hostes defendebant facillime, Quadrig. ap. Gell. 9, 1, 1; cf. ib. 8:

hostem a fossa,

Hirt. B. G. 8, 9:

ignem a tectis,

Ov. R. Am. 625.—

Aliquid alicui (cf. arceo, no. II. d.):

iniuriam foribus,

Plaut. Most. 4, 2, 20:

solstitium pecori,

Verg. E. 7, 47; cf.:

aestatem capellis,

Hor. Od. 1, 17, 3; Prop. 1, 20, 11:

tela misero,

Sil. 17, 432:

dedecus morti,

id. 5, 490:

senium famae,

Stat. Th. 9, 318.—

Absol., to put a stop (to a fire), to check the flames:

nec quisquam defendere audebat, crebris minis restinguere prohibentium,

Tac. A. 15, 38; cf.:

urbem incendere, feris in populum immissis, quo difficilius defenderentur,

Suet. Ner. 43.—

Transf., like prohibere, with acc. of that from which any thing is warded off or averted, to defend, guard, protect, cover.

In gen. (so most freq. in all perr. and species of composition), constr. with acc. alone; with acc. and ab aliquo (contra aliquid), or merely ab aliquo; and absol.

With simple acc.:

Aeduos ceterosque amicos populi Rom.,

Caes. B. G. 1, 35 fin.:

eos,

id. ib. 2, 10, 4; id. B. C. 1, 6, 2:

se armis,

id. B. G. 6, 34:

se manu,

id. ib. 5, 7, 8;

6, 40, 6 et saep.: castra,

id. ib. 3, 3 fin.; id. B. C. 3, 67, 5; 3, 94, 6 (with tueri):

oppidum,

id. B. G. 3, 16, 3 et saep.:

eum defendo, quem tu accusas,

Cic. Sull. 17:

aliquem apud praetores,

id. Clu. 45, 126:

aliquem de ambitu,

id. Sull. 2, 6: cf.

causam,

id. Clu. 27, 74; id. Sull. 31, 86; id. Lael. 25, 96 et passim:

d. ac tegere scelus,

id. Sull. 31, 86; cf.

with protegere,

id. ib. 18, 50:

justitiam,

id. Lael. 7, 25:

communem salutem,

id. Rep. 1, 1; id. Mur. 2 fin. et saep.:

locum,

to preserve, maintain, id. Quint. 13, 43; cf.:

vicem modo rhetoris atque poëtae,

to sustain, Hor. S. 1, 10, 12:

actorum partes,

id. A. P. 194:

aedes Vestae vix defensa est (sc. ab incendio),

preserved, Liv. 26, 27.—

Aliquid (aliquem) ab aliquo:

Aedui cum se suaque ab iis defendere non possent,

Caes. B. G. 1, 11, 2:

se a finitimis,

id. ib. 2, 31, 5; id. B. C. 1, 75, 3; Sall. C. 45, 4 et saep.:

Galliam omnem ab Ariovisti injuria,

Caes. B. G. 1, 31 fin.; so,

aliquem ab injuria,

id. ib. 5, 20, 3; Sall. C. 35 fin.; cf. Caes. B. C. 1, 22, 5:

se regnumque suum ab Romanorum avaritia,

Sall. J. 49, 2:

provinciam non modo a calamitate, sed etiam a metu calamitatis,

Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 6, 14: Italiam a vastatione, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 15 fin.:

vitam ab inimicorum audacia telisque,

Cic. Mil. 2 fin.:

libertatis causam ab regio praesidio,

Liv. 39, 24 et saep.:

teneras myrtos a frigore,

Verg. E. 7, 6:

frondes ab acutae vulnere falcis, a pecoris morsu,

Ov. M. 9, 384 et saep.—

With ab aliquo:

quod et ab incendio lapis et ab ariete materia defendit,

Caes. B. G. 7, 23, 5; so id. B. C. 1, 25 fin.; 3, 63, 7.—

Aliquem (aliquid) contra, or adversus aliquem:

me scio a te contra iniquos meos solere defendi,

Cic. Fam. 11, 27, 7:

sese adversus populum Romanum defendere,

id. Phil. 1, 6, 13:

me adversus Abrupolim,

Liv. 42, 41, 10; Just. 2, 4, 32; Suet. Caes. 71; Liv. 5, 35, 4:

auctoritatem contra invidiam,

Cic. Phil, 8, 4; 13, 11; id. Fam. 5, 2, 6; id. Sest. 67, 141; 23, 51; 52, 111; id. Phil. 2, 18, 45.—

Absol.:

filii qui et sentire et defendere possent,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 23, 64 fin.:

cum jam defenderet nemo,

Caes. B. G. 2, 33, 6:

defendentibus civibus Romanis,

id. B. C. 3, 40, 6; cf. in the abl. absol., id. B. G. 2, 12, 3; id. B. C. 3, 68 fin.; Cic. Lael. 25, 96 et saep.:

quibus eae partes ad defendendum obvenerunt,

Caes. B. G. 7, 81 fin. —

In partic.

Of speech, to defend, support, maintain; to bring forward, allege in defence (so repeatedly in Cic.; elsewhere rare).

With acc.:

(Carneades) nullam umquam in illis suis disputationibus rem defendit, quam non probarit,

Cic. de Or. 2, 38 fin.; cf. id. Fam. 4, 14:

me id maxime defendisse, ut, etc.,

have chiefly striven for, id. Rosc. Am. 47; id. Verr. 2, 3, 37; 2, 5, 58.—

With acc. and inf.:

gravissimeque et verissime defenditur, numquam aequitatem ab utilitate posse sejungi, etc.,

Cic. Fin. 3, 21, 71; id. Verr. 2, 3, 90 fin.; id. Tull. 13, 32:

ille nihil ex his sponte susceptum sed principi paruisse defendebat,

Tac. A. 13, 43:

sed id solitum esse fieri defendebat,

Gell. 10, 19; so with verb pass. and inf., Cic. Inv. 2, 32 init. —

With a relative clause:

(quae turpitudines) cur non cadant in sapientem, non est facile defendere,

Cic. Fin. 2, 35, 117. —

In the later jurid. Lat., to claim, vindicate, or prosecute at law:

quia libertatem et hereditatem ex testamento sibi defendebat,

Dig. 5, 3, 7:

si patris mortem defendere necesse habuerit,

i. e. legally to avenge his death, ib. 38, 2, 14, § 7; 48, 2, 11.

dif-fĕro, distŭli, dīlātum, differre ( inf. differrier, Lucr. 1, 1088. In tmesi:

disque tulissent,

Plaut. Trin. 4, 1, 14), v. a. and n.

Act., to carry different ways; to spread abroad, scatter, disperse, separate (cf.: reicere, proferre, procrastinare, producere, ampliare, prorogare—class.).

Lit.:

scintillas agere ac late differre favillam,

Lucr. 2, 675; cf.:

favillam longe (ventus),

id. 6, 692:

nubila (vis venti),

id. 1, 273; Verg. G. 3, 197:

ignem (ventus),

Caes. B. C. 2, 14, 2:

casae venti magnitudine ignem distulerunt,

id. B. G. 5, 43, 2:

majorem partem classis (vis Africi),

Vell. 2, 79, 2:

rudentes fractosque remos (Eurus),

Hor. Epod. 10, 6 et saep.; cf. Plaut. Trin. 4, 1, 14:

nos cum scapha tempestas dextrovorsum Differt ab illis,

id. Rud. 2, 3, 39; cf. Lucr. 1, 1088: cytisum, to plant apart, in separate rows = disserere, digerere, Varr. R. R. 1, 43; Col. 11, 3, 30 sq.; 38; 42 al.; cf.:

ulmos in versum,

Verg. G. 4, 144:

ut formicae frustillatim (te) differant,

Plaut. Curc. 4, 4, 20; cf.:

insepulta membra (lupi),

Hor. Epod. 5, 99; and:

Mettum in diversa (quadrigae),

Verg. A. 8, 643. —

Trop.

To distract, disquiet, disturb a person (only ante-class.): vorsor in amoris rota miser, Exanimor, feror, differor, distrahor, diripior, Plaut. Cist. 2, 1, 5:

differor clamore,

id. Ep. 1, 2, 15:

cupidine ejus,

id. Poen. 1, 1, 28; cf.:

amore istius,

id. Mil. 4, 4, 27:

laetitia,

id. Truc. 4, 1, 3:

doloribus,

Ter. Ad. 3, 4, 40.—Less freq. act.:

aliquem dictis,

to confound, Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 125; cf. Ter. And. 2, 4, 5 Ruhnk.—

To spread abroad, publish, divulge; with a personal object, to cry down, to defame (mostly anteclass. and post-Aug.; not in Cic., Caes., or Sall.).

With acc. rei: cum de me ista foris sermonibus differs, Lucil. ap. Non. 284, 16; cf.:

rumores famam differant licebit nosque carpant,

Varr. ib. 18:

commissam libertatem populo Rom. sermonibus,

Liv. 34, 49:

promissum jus anulorum fama distulit,

Suet. Caes. 33.—With acc. and inf.:

ne mi hanc famam differant, Me dedidisse, etc.,

Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 63; Ter. Heaut. prol. 16; Nep. Dion. 10; Val. Fl. 1, 753.—With quasi and dependent clause:

rumore ab obtrectatoribus dilato, quasi eundem mox et discruciatum necasset,

Suet. Aug. 14 et saep.— Pass. impers.:

quo pertinuit differri etiam per externos, tamquam veneno interceptus esset,

Tac. A. 3, 12; cf. id. ib. 4, 25.—

With acc. pers.:

aliquem pipulo,

Plaut. Aul. 3, 2, 32 (cf. Varr. L. L. 7, § 103 Müll., and see pipulum): aliquem maledicendo sermonibus, Lucil. ap. Non. 284, 24:

dominos variis rumoribus,

Tac. A. 1, 4:

te circum omnes alias puellas,

to bring into disrepute with them, Prop. 1, 4, 22.—In the pass.: differor sermone miser, Caecil. ap. Gell. 2, 93, 10:

alterna differor invidia,

Prop. 1, 16, 48.—

With reference to time, to defer, put off, protract, delay any thing; with a personal object also to put off, amuse with promises, get rid of (class. and very freq.).

With acc. rei:

cetera praesenti sermoni reserventur: hoc tamen non queo differre, etc.,

Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 8:

differre quotidie ac procrastinare rem,

id. Rosc. Am. 9 fin.:

saepe vadimonia,

id. Quint. 5 fin.:

iter in praesentia,

Caes. B. C. 3, 85, 4:

pleraque (with omittere in praesens tempus),

Hor. A. P. 44:

distulit ira sitim,

Ov. M. 6, 366 et saep.:

differri jam hora non potest,

Cic. Phil. 6, 7, 19:

tempus,

id. ib. 8, 8; id. Prov. Cons. 11 fin.; Liv. 3, 46; Ov. M. 1, 724 al.:

diem de die,

Liv. 25, 25 et saep.—With inf.:

quaerere distuli,

Hor. Od. 4, 4, 21; so Liv. 42, 2 (but not Suet. Caes. 81, where agere belongs to proposuerat, cf. id. Aug. 72; id. Calig. 49).—With quin:

nihil dilaturi, quin periculum summae rerum facerent,

Liv. 6, 22 fin.; so Suet. Caes. 4; with in and acc.:

reliqua in crastinum,

Cic. Rep. 2, 44 fin.:

in posterum diem,

id. Deiot. 7, 21; cf. Caes. B. C. 1, 65 fin.:

in posterum,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 32; Caes. B. G. 7, 11, 5:

in aliud tempus,

Cic. Brut. 87; Caes. B. C. 1, 86, 2:

in adventum tuum,

Cic. Fam. 2, 3 fin.:

diem edicti in a. d. IV. Kal. Dec.,

id. Phil. 3, 8, 20:

curandi tempus in annum,

Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 39 et saep. — Poet.:

tropaea in pueros suos,

to reserve for, Prop. 4, 6, 82.—Rarely with ad:

aliquid ad crudelitatis tempus,

Cic. Vat. 11 fin.; cf. the foll.—

With acc. pers.:

sin autem differs me in tempus aliud,

Cic. Fam. 5, 12, 10; Liv. 26, 51; 41, 8:

differri non posse adeo concitatos animos,

id. 7, 14:

dilatus per frustrationem,

id. 25, 25; cf.:

aliquem variis frustrationibus,

Just. 9, 6 fin.:

Campanos,

Liv. 26, 33:

aliquem petentem,

Suet. Vesp. 23 Ern.:

caros amicos (opp. properare),

Mart. 13, 55 et saep.— Poet.: vivacem anum, to preserve alive, i. e. to postpone her death, Ov. M. 13, 519; cf.:

decimum dilatus in annum (belli) Hector erat,

id. ib. 12, 76:

aliquem in spem impetrandi tandem honoris,

Liv. 39, 32:

aliquem in septimum diem,

Suet. Tib. 32; id. Caes. 82 Oud.; id. Aug. 44 fin. et saep.— Rarely with ad:

legati ad novos magistratus dilati,

Liv. 41, 8:

aliquem ad finem muneris,

Suet. Vit. 12:

quas (legationes) par tim dato responso ex itinere dimisit, partim distulit Tarraconem,

Liv. 26, 51.—Once with post:

aliquid post bellum differre,

Liv. 4, 6, 4.—

Absol. Prov.: differ;

habent parvae commoda magna morae,

Ov. F. 3, 394.

Neut., to differ, be different (esp. freq. since the Ciceron. period—cf.:

discrepare, distare, interesse): qui re consentientes vocabulis differebant,

Cic. Fin. 4, 2 fin.; cf.:

naturis differunt, voluntate autem similes sunt,

id. de Or. 2, 23: verbo [p. 575] differre, re esse unum, id. Caecin. 21, 59:

distare aliquid aut ex aliqua parte differre,

id. ib. 14:

nihil aut non fere multum differre,

id. Brut. 40 fin.:

paulum differre,

id. Agr. 2, 31, 85 et saep.:

nec quicquam differre, utrumne... an, etc.,

Hor. S. 2, 3, 251; cf.:

quid enim differt, barathrone Dones quicquid habes, an? etc.,

id. ib. 166.—

With ab:

ita ut pauxillum differat a cavillulis,

Plaut. Truc. 3, 2, 18:

quidnam esset illud, quo ipsi (poëtae) differrent ab oratoribus,

Cic. Or. 19, 66; id. Off. 1, 27 fin.:

quid hoc ab illo differt?

id. Caecin. 14:

non multum ab hostili expugnatione,

id. de Imp. Pomp. 5 fin.:

multum a Gallica consuetudine,

Caes. B. G. 5, 14; cf. ib. 6, 21; 6, 28, 5:

hoc fere ab reliquis differunt, quod, etc.,

id. ib. 6, 18, 3 et saep.—

With inter (esp. impers.):

si nihil inter deum et deum differt,

Cic. N. D. 1, 29, 80; id. Off. 1, 28, 99; id. Fin. 4, 25, 70:

nequid inter privatum et magistratum differat,

id. Rep. 1, 43:

ut non multum differat inter summos et mediocres viros,

id. Off. 2, 8, 30: multa sunt alia, quae inter locum et locum plurimum differunt (for which, shortly before, inter locorum naturas quantum intersit), id. Fat. 4:

haec cogitatione inter se differunt, re quidem copulata sunt,

id. Tusc. 4, 11: inter se aliqua re, id. Opt. gen. 2, 6; id. N. D. 1, 7, 16; Caes. B. G. 1, 1, 2; 6, 11, 1; Quint. 12, 10, 22; 34; 67 et saep.:

quae quidem inter se plurimum differunt,

id. 5, 14, 27.—

Rarely with cum:

occasio cum tempore hoc differt,

Cic. Inv. 1, 27:

hoc genus causae cum superiore hoc differt, quod, etc.,

id. ib. 2, 30, 92 Orell. N. cr. —

Likewise rarely, differre in aliqua re, Lucr. 3, 314; Nep. Ages. 7 fin. —

Rarely, and only poet. or in post-Aug. prose, with dat.:

quod pede certo Differt sermoni sermo merus,

Hor. S. 1, 4, 48:

tragico differre colori,

id. A. P. 236; Quint. 2, 21, 10; Plin. 9, 35, 54, § 107; cf. id. 9, 8, 7, § 23.—Hence, diffĕ-rens, entis, P. a., different, superior:

differentius nomen,

a more excellent name, Vulg. Heb. 1, 4; in Quintilian subst. n. (opp. proprium), a difference, Quint. 5, 10, 55; 58; 6, 3, 66; 7, 3, 3; 25 sq.—

* Adv.: diffĕren-ter, differently, Sol. 1.

dis-cingo, nxi, nctum, 3, v. a., to ungird, deprive of the girdle.

Lit.:

discinctā tunicā fugiendum est,

Hor. S. 1, 2, 132; Vell. 2, 41 fin.; cf.:

tunicati et discincti,

Suet. Aug. 100:

jam discingitur armis,

Sil. 8, 34.—As a milit. punishment:

destrictis gladiis discinctos destituit,

Liv. 27, 13; Suet. Aug. 24 and 100: cum tenues nuper Marius discinxerit Afros, had disarmed, i. e. conquered, Juv. 8, 120; cf.:

peltatam Amazona Scythico nodo,

Mart. 9, 101, 5.—

Trop.

In verb finit.:

mihi crede, in sinu est (Caesar), neque ego discingor,

i. e. I do not neglect him, I endeavor to preserve his friendship, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 13; cf. Sen. Ep. 92 fin.:

discinxit ratione dolos fraudesque resolvit,

i. e. discovered, detected, Sil. 7, 153; cf.:

ut inter Methium et Paulum, quae veniunt in disceptationem, discingas,

i. e. that thou wilt decide, Sid. Ep. 2, 7.—

discinctus, a, um, ungirt.

Lit.:

ne glorietur accinctus aeque ac discinctus,

i. e. who has put off his armor, Vulg. 3 Reg. 20, 11.—

Trop.

Voluptuous, effeminate, Afri, Verg. A. 8, 724.— Hence,

Slovenly, careless, negligent; loose, dissolute, reckless:

discincti ludere,

Hor. S. 2, 1, 73:

avarus ut Chremes, opp. discinctus ut nepos,

id. Epod. 1, 34:

Natta,

Pers. 3, 31:

verna,

id. 4, 22:

discincta in otia natus,

Ov. Am. 1, 9, 41.

dūro, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. and n. [durus], to make hard, to harden (mostly ante-class. and post-Aug.; not in Cic.).

Lit.

Act.:

quae nobis durata ac spissa videntur, Haec, etc.,

Lucr. 2, 444; so in the part. perf.:

coria (with condurare ferrum),

id. 6, 970; cf.

cutis,

Ov. M. 4, 577:

caementa calce (opp. interlita luto),

Liv. 21, 11:

ova in aqua,

Plin. 29, 3, 11, § 45:

pontus frigore,

Ov. P. 4, 9, 85:

nives solo,

Hor. C. 3, 24, 39:

aqua salibus,

i. e. strongly saturated, Col. 7, 4 fin., v. durus, I.:

ungulas (mularum),

id. 6, 37, 11:

ferrum ictibus,

Plin. 34, 15, 43, § 149:

guttas in grana,

id. 12, 19, 42, § 94:

uvam fumo,

i. e. to dry, preserve, Hor. S. 2, 4, 72.—In medic. lang.: corpus, i. e. to bind, make costive, opp. mollire, Cels. 2, 14; cf. id. 2, 33 fin. —In fullers' lang., to harden, stiffen or full cloth: Art. Non queo durare. Par. Si non didicisti fulloniam, non mirandumst, Plaut. As. 5, 2, 57 (with a punning reference to the meaning II. A. 2.).—

Neutr.:

tum durare solum et discludere Nerea ponto Coeperit, i. q. durescere,

Verg. E. 6, 35; so,

vino minime durante, uva maxime,

Plin. 14, 3, 4, § 37.—

Trop.

(Acc. to durus, II. A. 2.).

Act., to harden with use or labor, etc.; to make hardy or callous, to inure (class.):

opere in duro membra manusque,

Lucr. 5, 1359; cf.:

membra animumque,

Hor. S. 1, 4, 119:

umeros ad vulnera,

Verg. G. 3, 257: hoc se labore durant homines adolescentes, * Caes. B. G. 6, 28, 3; cf.:

exercitum crebris expeditionibus, patientiaque periculorum,

Vell. 2, 78, 2:

cor,

Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 6; cf.

mentem,

Tac. A. 3, 15 al.:

ab duratis usu armorum pulsi,

Liv. 7, 29; so in the part., id. 23, 18; 30, 28:

durati bellis,

id. 42, 52:

vitia durantur,

grow inveterate, Quint. 1, 1, 37.—

Neutr. (so most freq.), to be hardened, inured to troubles, i. e. to be patient, to wait, persevere; to endure, hold out:

durare nequeo in aedibus,

Plaut. Am. 3, 2, 1; cf. id. Men. 5, 2, 31; Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 15; Liv. 5, 2, 7; 38, 7 fin.; Quint. 11, 3, 23; Verg. A. 9, 604; Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 82 al.; cf. impers., Liv. 10, 46:

durate et vosmet rebus servate secundis,

Verg. A. 1, 207; cf. Suet. Calig. 45; Auct. ap. Quint. 9, 2, 91; Ov. Am. 3, 11, 27 al.:

nequeo durare, quin, etc.,

Plaut. Curc. 1, 3, 22:

durare nequeo quin intro eam,

id. Mil. 4, 6, 34; Suet. Claud. 26.—

With acc., to bear, endure ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

patior quemvis durare laborem,

Verg. A. 8, 577:

quascumque vias,

Stat. S. 5, 2, 153;

and of inanimate subjects: sine funibus Vix durare carinae Possunt imperiosius Aequor,

Hor. C. 1, 14, 7; cf.:

(vitis genus) quod siccitatem durat et ventos,

Pall. Febr. 9, 1.—

With inf.:

non quis parumper durare opperier,

Plaut. Truc. 2, 3, 5.—

In gen., to hold out, to continue in existence, to last, remain (very freq.): Ar. Ubi illaec (talenta) quae dedi ante? Cl. Abusa. Num si ea durarent mihi, [p. 621] etc., Plaut. As. 1, 3, 44:

uti quam diutissime durent oleae,

Cato R. R. 58; 104; Varr. R. R. 1, 59, 3:

omnem durare per aevom,

Lucr. 3, 605; cf. id. 3, 812; Verg. G. 2, 100; Suet. Calig. 6 al.:

neque post mortem durare videtur (corpus),

Lucr. 3, 339; cf. ib. 561:

ad posteros virtus durabit,

Quint. 3, 1, 21; cf. id. 1, 11, 18; 3, 1, 9; 5, 11, 41:

maneat quaeso duretque gentibus, si non amor nostri, at certe odium sui,

Tac. G. 33:

durante originis vi,

id. Agr. 11; cf. Petr. 96, 3:

durante bello,

Tac. A. 14, 39; so with adhuc, Suet. Gramm. 24; cf.:

munera, quibus donatus est, durant, ostendunturque adhuc Bais,

are still in existence, id. Tib. 6 et saep.—With inf.:

ut vivere durent,

Luc. 4, 519; so Sil. 10, 653; 11, 75; Petr. 41, 2.—In Tacitus sometimes of persons, for vivere, to live:

narratum ab iis, qui nostram ad juventam duraverunt,

Tac. A. 3, 16; id. Or. 17; id. Agr. 44. And once in the same author (acc. to the better reading) of extension in space: durant colles (= continuantur, ultra porriguntur; French, s'y prolongent), extend continuously to the frontier, Germ. 30.—

(Acc. to durus, II. B.)

Act., to render hard, callous, insensible; to dull, to blunt (rare and perh. not ante-Aug.):

aerea dehinc ferro (Juppiter) duravit saecula,

Hor. Epod. 16, 65:

ad plagas durari,

Quint. 1, 3, 14 (cf. §

12: quae in pravam induruerunt): ad omne facinus durato,

Tac. H. 4, 59.—Of the affections, Vulg. Job, 39, 16.— Pass.:

linguae vitia, inemendabili in posterum pravitate durantur,

to become confirmed, incurable, Quint. 1, 1, 37.—

Neutr., to be hard, stern, callous, insensible (rare and not ante-Aug.):

ut non durat (pater) ultra poenam abdicationis,

Quint. 9, 2, 88:

in nullius umquam suorum necem duravit,

Tac. A. 1, 6; Petr. 105 fin.; cf.:

usque ad caedem ejus duratura filii odia,

Tac. A. 14, 1 fin.

fulcĭo, fulsi, fultum, 4 (late form perf. FVLCIVIT, Inscr. ap. Mur. 466, 3.— Part. perf.:

fulcītus,

Cael. Aur. Tard. 2, 1, 46), v. a. [etym. dub.; cf.: falx, flccto; Corss. refers it to root dhar-; v. firmus, Ausspr. 1, 476], to prop up, to keep upright by props, to stay, support (class.; syn.: sustento, sustineo, munio).

Lit.:

qui fulcire putatur porticum Stoicorum,

Cic. Ac. 2, 24, 75:

aliquid trabibus,

Plin. 36, 13, 19, § 89:

Atlas, caelum qui vertice fulcit,

Verg. A. 4, 247:

vitis nisi fulta est, fertur ad terram,

Cic. de Sen. 15, 52:

ruentes ceras,

Plin. 11, 10, 10, § 23:

illum Balbutit Scaurum pravis fultum male talis,

supported, Hor. S. 1, 3, 48; cf. id. ib. 1, 2, 88:

quod non Taenariis domus est mihi fulta columnis,

Prop. 3 (4), 1, 49:

longis Numidarum fulta columnis cenatio,

Juv. 7, 182; 3, 193:

si mutuatus pecuniam aedificia ruentia fulserit,

Gai. Inst. 4, 73:

me prior fultusque toro meliore,

Juv. 3, 82: et pulvino fultus, supported by, resting on the pillow, Lucil. ap. Serv. Verg. E. 6, 53:

ille (juvencus) latus niveum molli fultus byacintho,

Verg. E. 6, 53; cf. effultus; so absol.:

colloco, fulcio,

Plaut. Cas. 5, 2, 10:

caput nivei fultum Pallantis,

propped up, bolstered, Verg. A. 11, 39.— Impers.:

sat sic fultumst mihi,

Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 37.— Poet.:

tu (potes) pedibus teneris positas fulcire pruinas?

i. e. to tread the fallen snow, Prop. 1, 8, 7:

stant fulti pulvere crines,

supported, stiffened, Stat. Th. 3, 326.—

Transf., to make strong or fast, to fasten, secure, support, strengthen ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

fultosque emuniit obice postes,

fastened, guarded, Verg. A. 8, 227; cf.:

appositā janua fulta serā,

Ov. A. A. 2, 244:

et dura janua fulta sera,

Tib. 1, 2, 6:

omnia debet cibus integrare novando Et fulcire cibus, cibus omnia sustentare,

to support, strengthen, Lucr. 2, 1147:

stomachum cibo,

Sen. Ep. 68 med.:

venas cadentes vino,

id. ib. 95; cf. Col. 6, 24, 4.—

Trop.

To support, sustain, uphold:

veterem amicum suum labentem excepit, fulsit et sustinuit re, fortuna, fide,

Cic. Rab. Post. 16, 43; cf.:

labantem et prope cadentem rem publicam fulcire,

id. Phil. 2, 21, 51:

domum pluribus adminiculis ante fundatam fulcit ac sustinet,

Plin. Ep. 4, 21, 3;

cf: ingenia rudia nullisque artium bonarum adminiculis fulta,

Gell. 6, 2, 8:

hoc consilio et quasi senatu fultus et munitus,

Cic. Rep. 2, 9:

aliquem litteris,

id. Att. 5, 21, 14:

magnis subsidiis fulta res publica est,

id. Fam. 12, 5, 1:

imperium gloria fultum et benevolentiā sociorum,

id. Off. 3, 22, 88:

his fultus societatibus atque amicitiis,

Liv. 42, 12, 8; 3, 60, 9; Plin. Ep. 9, 13, 11; cf.:

quia nullis recentibus subsidiis fulta prima acies fuit,

Liv. 9, 32, 9:

quo praesidio cum fulta res Romana esset,

id. 7, 12, 8:

causa Gaditanorum gravissimis et plurimis rebus est fulta,

Cic. Balb. 15, 35:

serie fulcite genus,

i. e. to keep up, preserve, Prop. 4 (5), 11, 69.—

Poet., to besiege, oppress:

(Pacuvii) Antiopa aerumnis cor luctificabile fulta,

Pers. 1, 78 (perh. a word of Pacuv.).

in-sĕro, sēvi, sĭtum, 3, v. a. [in-, 1. sero], to sow or plant in; to ingraft (class.).

Lit.:

frumentum,

Col. 5, 7, 3:

pirum bonam in pirum silvaticam,

to ingraft, graft, Varr. R. R. 1, 40, 5:

vitem,

Col. Arb. 8, 2:

fissā modo cortice virgam Inserit,

Ov. M. 14, 631; Hor. Epod. 2, 12:

inseritur et nucis arbutus horrida fetu,

Verg. G. 2, 69 Forbig. ad loc.; so,

cum Vergilius insitam nucibus arbutum dicat,

Plin. 15, 15, 17, § 57. —

Trop., to implant:

num qua tibi vitiorum inseverit olim Natura,

Hor. S. 1, 3, 35:

remedia herbis invisis,

Plin. 22, 6, 7, § 15:

animos corporibus,

to unite, Cic. Univ. 12, 38.—Hence, insĭtus, a, um, P.a., ingrafted, grafted.

Lit.:

arbor,

Col. Arb. 20, 2:

mala,

Verg. G. 2, 33.—

Transf., of animals:

discordantem utero suo generis alieni stirpem insitam recipere,

a hybrid, Col. 6, 36, 2.— Subst.: insĭtum, i, n., a graft, scion, Col. 5, 11, 8.—

Trop., implanted by nature, inborn, innate, natural:

O generosam stirpem et tamquam in unam arborem plura genera, sic in istam domum multorum insitam atque illigatam sapientiam,

Cic. Brut. 58, 213: reliqua est ea causa, quae non jam recepta, sed innata;

neque delata ad me, sed in animo sensuque meo penitus affixa atque insita est,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 53, § 139:

Deorum cognitiones,

id. N. D. 1, 17, 44:

tam penitus insita opinio,

id. Clu. 1, 4:

notio quasi naturalis atque insita in animis nostris,

id. Fin. 1, 9, 31:

menti cognitionis amor,

id. ib. 4, 7, 18:

hoc naturā est insitum, ut,

id. Sull. 30, 83:

feritas,

Liv. 34, 20, 2.— In gen., taken in, incorporated, admitted, adopted:

ex deserto Gavii horreo in Calatinos Atilios insitus,

Cic. Sest. 33, 72:

insitus et adoptivus,

Tac. A. 13, 14.

in-sĕro, sĕrŭi, sertum, 3, v. a. [in-, 2. sero], to put, bring, or introduce into, to insert (class.); constr. with in and acc., or with dat.

Lit.

In gen.:

collum in laqueum,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 17, § 37; id. de Or. 2, 39, 162:

oculos in pectora,

Ov. M. 2, 94:

caput in tentoria,

Liv. 8, 36, 6:

gemmas aureis soleis,

Curt. 9, 1, 29:

falces longuriis,

Caes. B. G. 3, 14:

subtegmen radiis,

Ov. M. 6, 56:

in avium nidis aliquid,

Plin. 24, 19, 113, § 174.—

In partic., to ingraft: quidquid inserueris, vimine diligenter ligato, Col. Arb. 8, 2:

surculus insertus,

id. ib. 3.—

Trop., to bring into, introduce, to mix or mingle with:

amputanda plura sunt illi aetati, quam inserenda,

Cic. Cael. 31, 76:

jus est, quod non opinio genuit, sed quaedam innata vis inseruit,

id. Inv. 2, 53, 161:

historiae jocos,

Ov. Tr. 2, 444:

querelas,

Tac. H. 1, 23:

adeo minimis etiam rebus prava religio inserit Deos,

Liv. 27, 23, 2:

contiones directas operi suo,

Just. 38, 3:

tantae rerum magnitudini hoc inserere,

Vell. 2, 107, 1:

haec libello,

Suet. Dom. 18: manus, to set one ' s hands to, Luc. 8, 552:

liberos sceleri,

to draw into, involve in crime, Sen. Thyest. 322:

nomina alienae gentis Aeacidis,

Ov. M. 13, 33; cf.:

ignobilitatem suam magnis nominibus,

Tac. A. 6, 2: se, to mingle with, join, engage in:

inserentibus se centurionibus,

id. H. 2, 19:

se turbae,

Ov. A. A. 1, 605:

se bellis civilibus,

id. M. 3, 117: civium numero, to reckon or enroll among, Suet. Aug. 42:

Liviorum familiae,

id. Tib. 3:

stellis et concilio Jovis,

Hor. C. 3, 25, 6:

aliquem vitae,

i. e. to preserve alive, Stat. S. 5, 5, 72: nomen famae, to attach to fame, i. e. to render celebrated, Tac. Or. 10.

in-tingo or in-tinguo, nxi, nctum, 3, v. a. [tinguo], to dip in.

In gen.:

brassicam in acetum,

Cato, R. R. 156:

buccas rubricā cerā omne corpus intinxti tibi,

Plaut. Truc. 2, 2, 39:

faces in fossa sanguinis atra,

Ov. M. 7, 260:

aliquid in aqua,

Vitr. 1, 5:

quoad intinguntur calami, morantur manum (in writing on parchment),

Quint. 10, 3, 31.—

In partic.

To dip in sauce or pickle; to pickle, preserve:

omnibus, quae condiuntur, quaeque intinguntur,

Plin. 20, 17, 72, § 185.—

To baptize, Tert. Poenit. 6 fin.

in-tingo or in-tinguo, nxi, nctum, 3, v. a. [tinguo], to dip in.

In gen.:

brassicam in acetum,

Cato, R. R. 156:

buccas rubricā cerā omne corpus intinxti tibi,

Plaut. Truc. 2, 2, 39:

faces in fossa sanguinis atra,

Ov. M. 7, 260:

aliquid in aqua,

Vitr. 1, 5:

quoad intinguntur calami, morantur manum (in writing on parchment),

Quint. 10, 3, 31.—

In partic.

To dip in sauce or pickle; to pickle, preserve:

omnibus, quae condiuntur, quaeque intinguntur,

Plin. 20, 17, 72, § 185.—

To baptize, Tert. Poenit. 6 fin.

nūtrĭo, īvi and ii, ītum (contr. form, nutrīmus for nutrivimus, Nemes. Ecl. 3, 26:

nutribat for nutriebat,

Verg. A. 11, 572; Sil. 16, 29; so,

nutribant,

Verg. A. 7, 485: nutribo for nutriam, Rhemn. Palaem. 1383; Cledon. 1914.—In the dep. form, nutritor for nutrito, Verg. G. 2, 425; cf. Prisc. p. 798 P.), 4, v. a. [Sanscr. root snu-, flow; Gr. neô (sneWô), swim; cf. nurus], to suckle, nourish, feed, foster, bring up, rear (syn. alere; not in Cic., but v. nutrix and nutrimentum).

Lit.:

quos lupa nutrit,

Ov. F. 2, 415:

nutritus lacte ferino,

id. Tr. 3, 11, 3:

ilignā nutritus glande,

Hor. S. 2, 4, 40:

balaenae mammis nutriunt fetus,

Plin. 11, 40, 95, § 235:

serpente ciconia pullos Nutrit,

Juv. 14, 75: taurus nutritus in herbā, id. 12, 12.—

Transf., to nourish, support, maintain, foster.—Of plants:

terra herbas Nutrit,

Ov. R. Am. 45:

myrtos roscido umore nutrire,

Cat. 61, 25:

nutriri cinere vult ruta,

Plin. 19, 8, 45, § 156:

fruges humo nutriente,

Curt. 8, 10, 8; Petr. 120:

Pax Cererem nutrit,

Ov. F. 1, 704.— Poet.:

Edonis nutritum missile ventis,

a shaft taken from a tree toughened by storms, Val. Fl. 6, 340.—

To nourish, nurse, take care of, attend to the body:

cura corporum nutriendorum,

Liv. 4, 52:

aegrum nutrire per eos cibos, quos, etc.,

Cels. 3, 23:

vires,

id. ib.:

ulcus,

to heal, id. 5, 26:

damnum naturae in filio,

Liv. 7, 4:

morbos,

Cels. 6, 6:

capillum,

Plin. 22, 22, 39, § 82: comam, Hier. in Amos, 8, 9 sq.; Vulg. 1 Cor. 11, 14 sq.:

cutem, mulierum in facie incorruptam,

Plin. 21, 21, 91, § 159.—

Nutrire vinum, to mix wine with spices, in order that it may keep, Col. 12, 30, 1:

nutritum vinum,

id. 12, 21, 3.—

In gen., to preserve:

nutriuntur optime (mensae citreae) splendescuntque, manu siccā fricatae,

Plin. 13, 15, 30, § 99.—

Trop., to nourish, cherish, support, cultivate, sustain:

indoles Nutrita faustis sub penetralibus,

Hor. C. 4, 4, 25:

amorem,

Ov. A. A. 3, 579:

pascere ac nutrire furorem (al. favorem),

Sil. 7, 497:

impetus ille sacer qui vatum pectora nutrit,

Ov. P. 4, 2, 25:

carmen,

id. ib. 3, 4, 26:

artes bonas, praecipue studia litterarum,

Aur. Vict. Epit. 41, 14:

nummi, quos hic quincunce modesto nutrieras,

Pers. 5, 149:

Graeciam,

i. e. to treat mildly, Liv. 36, 35.—Of fire, to feed:

gnes suscitat foliisque nutrit,

Ov. M. 8, 643; 6, 493:

graves simultates, quas Mucianus callide nutriebat,

Tac. H. 3, 53 fin.:

nimiam ac marcentem diu pacem,

id. G. 36.

ordo, ĭnis, m. [from root or-; Sanscr. ar-, to go, strive upward; cf. orior, through an adj. stem ordo-; v. Corss. Krit. Beitr. p. 108], a regular row, line, or series, methodical arrangement, order (class.; syn.: series, tenor).

In gen.:

ordinem sic definiunt compositionem rerum aptis et accommodatis locis,

Cic. Off. 1, 40, 142:

vis ordinis et collocationis,

id. ib. 1, 40, 142:

arbores in ordinem satae,

i. e. planted in a quincunx, Varr. R. R. 1, 7; cf. Cic. Caecil. 8, 22; id. Sen. 17, 59.—

Esp., right order, regular succession:

fatum appello ordinem seriemque causarum,

Cic. Div. 1, 55, 125:

nihil esse pulchrius in omni ratione vitae dispositione atque ordine,

Col. 12, 2:

adhibere modum quendam et ordinem rebus,

Cic. Off. 1, 5, 17:

mox referam me ad ordinem,

will soon bring myself to order, return to order, id. Ac. 2, 20, 67:

res in ordinem redigere,

to reduce to order, Auct. Her. 3, 9, 16; so,

in ordinem adducere,

Cic. Univ. 3:

ordinem conservare,

id. Rosc. Com. 2, 6:

eundem tenere,

to preserve, id. Phil. 5, 13, 35:

sequi,

id. Brut. 69, 244:

immutare,

to change, id. Or. 63, 214:

perturbare,

to disturb, id. Brut. 62, 223: cogere or redigere in ordinem, to reduce to order, to humble, degrade:

decemviri querentes, se in ordinem cogi,

Liv. 3, 51; 3, 35; Plin. Ep. 1, 23, 1; Quint. 1, 4, 3; so,

in ordinem redactus,

Suet. Vesp. 15; cf.

trop.: gula reprimenda et quasi in ordinem redigenda est,

Plin. Ep. 2, 6, 5.—

Adverb. expressions.

Ordine, in ordinem, per ordinem, in ordine, ex ordine, in order, in turn:

Hegioni rem enarrato omnem ordine,

Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 53; Plaut. Capt. 2, 3, 17; Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 28:

interrogare,

Cic. Part. 1, 2:

tabulae in ordinem confectae,

id. Rosc. Com. 2, 6:

ordine cuncta exposuit,

Liv. 3, 50, 4; 30, 15, 1:

sortiti nocte singuli per ordinem,

Quint. 4, 2, 72:

hos Corydon, illos referebat in ordine Thyrsis,

Verg. E. 7, 20; id. A. 8, 629:

ut quisque aetate et honore antecedebat, ita sententiam dixit ex ordine,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 64, § 143:

ordine se vocante,

when his turn came, Macr. S. 2, 2, § 12:

in ordine vicis,

Vulg. Luc. 1, 8.—

Ordine, regularly, properly, appropriately:

omnia ut quidque Egisti ordine scio,

Plaut. Ps. 5, 2, 15:

rem demonstravi ordine,

id. Mil. 3, 3, 2; id. Capt. 2, 3, 17 Brix ad loc.:

an id recte, ordine, e re publicā factum esse defendes?

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 84, § 194:

si hoc recte atque ordine factum videtur,

id. Quint. 7, 28.—

Ex ordine, in succession, without intermission:

vendit Italiae possessiones ex ordine omnes,

Cic. Agr. 1, 2, 4:

septem illum totos perhibent ex ordine menses Flevisse,

Verg. G. 4, 507; cf. id. A. 5, 773.—

Extra ordinem.

Out of course, in an unusual or extraordinary manner:

extra ordinem decernere provinciam alicui,

Cic. Prov. Cons. 8, 19:

crimina probantur,

in an illegal manner, Dig. 48, 1, 8.—

Extraordinarily, i. e. uncommonly, eminently, especially:

ad eam spem, quam extra ordinem de te ipso habemus, accedunt tua praecipua,

Cic. Fam. 6, 5, 3.—

Transf. concr.

In gen.

Tres ordines lapidum, three courses of stones, Vulg. 3 Reg. 6, 36.—In building, a row, course, or layer of stones, etc.:

obstructis in speciem portis singulis ordinibus caespitum,

Caes. B. G. 5, 51:

alius insuper ordo adicitur,

id. ib. 7, 23: tot premit ordinibus caput, tiers or layers of ornaments, Juv. 6, 502. —

A row of benches or seats:

terno consurgunt ordine remi,

in three rows of oar-banks, Verg. A. 5, 120:

sex ordinum navem invenit Xenagoras,

Plin. 7, 56, 57, § 208.—In the theatre, a row of seats: post senatores ex vetere instituto quatuordecim graduum ordines equestri ordini assignati fuere, Suet. [p. 1278] Aug. 44:

sedisti in quatuordecim ordinibus,

Cic. Phil. 2, 18, 44.—

A train of servants or attendants:

comitum longissimus ordo,

Juv. 3, 284.—

In milit. lang.

A line or rank of soldiers in battle array:

auxilia regis nullo ordine iter fecerant,

Caes. B. C. 2, 26:

ne quisquam ordine egrederetur,

Sall. J. 45, 2:

nullo ordine commutato,

id. ib. 101, 2:

sine signis, sine ordinibus,

id. ib. 97, 5; so,

signa atque ordines observare,

to keep the ranks, remain in line, id. ib. 51, 1:

conturbare,

id. ib. 50, 4:

restituere,

id. ib. 51, 3; Liv. 2, 50; 8, 8.—

A band, troop, company of soldiers:

viri fortissimi atque honestissimi, qui ordines duxerunt,

who have led companies, have been officers, Cic. Phil. 1, 8, 20:

L. Pupius primipili centurio, qui hunc eundem ordinem in exercitu Pompeii antea duxerat,

Caes. B. C. 1, 13. —Hence,

A captaincy, a command: ordinem alicui adimere, Tab. Heracl. ap. Mazoch. p. 423, n. 47; cf.

on the contrary: alicui assignare,

Liv. 42, 34:

DARE,

Inscr. Orell. 3456:

centuriones ad superiores ordines transducere,

Caes. B. G. 6, 40; cf. id. ib. 5, 4, 4.—

Ordines, chieftains, captains:

tribunis militum primisque ordinibus convocatis,

the captains of the first companies, Caes. B. G. 6, 7 fin.; Liv. 30, 4, 1.—

In a polit. respect, an order, i. e. a rank, class, degree of citizens:

et meus med ordo inrideat,

Plaut. Aul. 2, 2, 55.—In the time of Cicero there were three principal classes, ordo senatorius, equester, and plebeius:

Fidiculanius cujus erat ordinis? senatoril,

Cic. Clu. 37, 104; id. Fl. 18, 43:

proximus est huic dignitati equester ordo,

Cic. Dom. 28, 74; Suet. Aug. 41:

inferiores loco, auctoritate, ordine,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 48, § 127: ordo amplissimus, i. e. the Senate:

quem absentem in amplissimum ordinem cooptarunt,

id. Cael. 2, 5;

also termed SPLENDIDISSIMVS ORDO,

Inscr. Orell. 1180; 1181; and simply ordo, the order, for the Senate:

ordo Mutinensis,

Tac. H. 2, 52; Inscr. Grut. 425, 1:

trecentos ex dediticiis electos utriusque ordinis,

i. e. of the two upper classes, Suet. Aug. 15.—

In gen., a class, rank, station, condition:

mearum me rerum aequom'st novisse ordinem,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 50:

publicanorum,

Cic. Fam. 13, 9, 2:

aratorum, pecuariorum, mercatorum,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 6, § 17:

homo ornatissimus loco, ordine, nomine,

id. ib. 2, 1, 48, §

127: libertini,

Suet. Gram. 18.—So in the inscrr.: SACERDOTVM, HARVSPICVM, etc., Grut. 320, 12; 304, 7; 302, 2 et saep.; so,

grammatici alios auctores in ordinem redigerunt, alios omnino exemerant numero,

recognized among, placed in the rank of, Quint. 1, 4, 3.—

Esp. (eccl. Lat.), an order in the church, an ecclesiastical rank or office:

ordines sacerdotum et Levitarum,

Vulg. 2 Esdr. 13, 30:

secundum ordinem Melchisedek,

id. Psa. 109, 5.

parco, pĕperci, less freq. parsi (the former constantly in Cic. and Cæs., the latter ante-class. and post-Aug.: parcui, Naev. ap. Non. 153, 21, or Com. 69 Rib.; part. fut. parsurus, Liv. 26, 13, 16; Suet. Tib. 62:

parciturus,

Hier. Ep. 14, 2), parsum, and less correctly parcĭtum, 3, v. n. and a. [for sparco; Gr. sparnos, rare; cf. Engl. spare; but v. also paucus, parvus], to act sparingly, be sparing with respect to a thing, to spare; constr. usually with dat. or absol.; ante-class. also with acc.

Lit.

Of things (rare but class.).

With dat.:

nihil pretio parsit, filio dum parceret,

Plaut. Capt. prol. 32:

operae meae,

id. Mil. 4, 9, 3:

te rogo sumptu ne parcas,

Cic. Fam. 16, 4, 2:

non parcam operae,

id. ib. 13, 27, 1:

nec impensae, nec labori, nec periculo parsurum,

Liv. 35, 44:

petit, ne cui rei parcat ad ea perficienda,

Nep. Paus. 2, 5.—

Absol.:

frumentum se exigue dierum XXX. habere, sed paulo etiam longius tolerare posse parcendo,

Caes. B. G. 7, 71, 4.— Poet.:

parcens = parcus: parcentes ego dexteras Odi (= parcius administrantes vinum, flores, etc.),

Hor. C. 3, 19, 21.—

With acc. (ante-class. and poet.):

oleas,

Cato, R. R. 58:

pecuniam,

Plaut. Curc. 3, 11:

argenti atque auri memoras quae multa talenta, Gnatis parce tuis,

spare, reserve for your children, Verg. A. 10, 532 Serv.—Prov.:

qui parcit virgae odit filium,

Vulg. Prov. 13, 24.—

Of persons, to spare, have mercy upon, forbear to injure or punish (eccl. and late Lat.), usually with dat.:

non pepercisti filio tuo,

Vulg. Gen. 22, 16; id. 2 Pet. 2, 4 et saep.—

Trop.

To spare, i. e. to preserve by sparing, to use carefully, not to injure.

With dat.:

tibi parce,

Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 112:

justitia autem praecipit, parcere omnibus, consulere generi hominum,

Cic. Rep. 3, 12: aedificiis omnibus publicis et privatis, id. Verr. 2, 4, 54, § 120:

amicitiis et dignitatibus,

id. Or. 26, 89; id. Phil. 2, 24, 59:

non aetate confectis, non mulieribus, non infantibus pepercerunt,

Caes. B. G. 7, 28:

subjectis, sed debellare superbos,

Verg. A. 6, 853:

ne reliquis quidem nepotibus parsurus creditur,

Suet. Tib. 62:

alicujus auribus,

i. e. to refrain from speaking on disagreeable topics, Cic. Quint. 12, 40; so,

auribus et consuetudini,

id. de Or. 3, 43, 170:

valetudini,

id. Fam. 11, 27, 1:

famae,

Prop. 1, 16, 11:

oculis,

i. e. to turn away one's eyes from an unpleasant sight, id. 4, 9, 35:

luminibus,

Tib. 1, 2, 33; Suet. Dom. 11:

parcit Cognatis maculis similis fera,

Juv. 15, 159.—

With in and acc. (ante-and post-class.):

neque parcit in hostes,

Lucr. 6, 399:

parce in feminam,

App. M. 1, p. 105, 39.—

Absol. ( poet.):

thyrso parcente ferit,

i. e. lightly, Stat. Ach. 1, 572.—

To abstain or refrain from doing a thing; to forbear, leave off, desist, stop, cease, let alone, omit (cf.: desino, mitto): meo labori non parsi, Cato ap. Fest. p. 242 Müll.; cf. Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 3; id. Pers. 2, 5, 11; so,

neque parcetur labori,

Cic. Att. 2, 14, 2:

auxilio,

to make no use of proffered assistance, id. Planc. 35, 86:

lamentis,

Liv. 6, 3:

bello,

abstain from, Verg. A. 9, 656:

hibernis parcebant flatibus Euri,

id. G. 2, 339:

parce metu,

cease from, id. A. 1, 257.—

With inf., to refrain, forbear (not in class. prose):

visere opera tua,

Cato, R. R. 1, 1:

hancine ego vitam parsi perdere,

Ter. Hec. 3, 1, 2:

proinde parce, sis, fidem ac jura societatis jactare,

Liv. 34, 32:

parcite, oves, nimium procedere,

Verg. E. 3, 94:

pias scelerare manus,

id. A. 3, 42:

defundere vinum,

Hor. S. 2, 2, 58:

ne parce dare,

id. C. 1, 28, 23:

parce postea paupertatem cuiquam objectare,

App. Mag. 23, p. 289, 3; Aug. Ep. 43, 24:

ori,

to refrain from speaking, Vulg. Job, 7, 11.—

With acc.:

parcito linguam in sacrificiis dicebatur, i. e. coërceto, contineto, taceto,

Fest. p. 222 Müll.—

With ab, to desist from:

precantes, ut a caedibus et ab incendiis parceretur,

Liv. 25, 25, 6; so with abl. alone:

caede,

Aus. Epigr. 130, 4.

pĕrenno, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. and n. [id.].

Act., to keep or preserve long (post-Aug.):

ea res, etiamsi non in totum perennat, certe usque in alteram vindemiam plerumque vini saporem servat,

Col. 12, 20, 8 (dub.; al. perennem); 12, 19, 2.—

Neutr., to last for many years, to last, continue, endure ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

arte perennat amor,

Ov. A. A. 3, 42:

ut diutius perennent boves,

Col. 1, 9, 2; 2, 9, 18:

domus,

Ov. F. 1, 721:

gens ultra aevi nostri terminos perennans,

Sol. 52, 29.

perpĕtŭō, adv., v. perpetuus fin.

perpĕtŭo, āvi, ātum (old perf. subj. perpetuassint, Enn. Ann. 322), 1, v. a. [perpetuus], to cause a thing to continue uninterruptedly, to proceed with continually, to make perpetual, perpetuate (rare but class.): libertatem ut perpetuassint, Enn. ap. Non. 150, 30 (Ann. v. 322 Vahl.):

amator qui perpetuat data,

Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 72:

ut si cui sit infinitus spiritus datus, tamen eum perpetuare verba nolimus,

Cic. de Or. 3, 46, 181:

judicum potestatem perpetuandam... putavit,

id. Sull. 22, 64: di te perpetuent, may the gods preserve you! a form of salutation addressed to the emperors, Lampr. Alex. Sev. 6.