of+my+chains

καρπό-δεσμα, ων, τά,

A chains for the arms, armlets, Luc.Lex. 10:

τείνω, Il.16.365, etc.: [tense] fut.

A

τενῶ Ar.Th. 1205

, ([etym.] ἀπο-) Pl.Grg. 458b, ([etym.] ἐκ-) E.Med. 585: [tense] aor.

ἔτεινα Il.4.124

, [dialect] Ep.

τεῖνα 3.261

: [tense] pf.

τέτᾰκα D.H. 19.12

, etc., ([etym.] ἀπο-) Pl.Grg. 465e:—[voice] Med., [tense] fut. τενοῦμαι ([etym.] παρα-) Th.3.46, ([etym.] προ-) D.14.5: [tense] aor. ἐτεινάμην, [dialect] Ep. τειν-, A.R.2.1043, 4.705, ([etym.] προ-) Hdt. 9.34, ([etym.] δι-) Antipho 5.46, Pl.Ti. 78b:—[voice] Pass., [tense] fut. τᾰθήσομαι ([etym.] παρα-) Id.Ly. 204c: [tense] aor. ἐτάθην [ᾰ] S.Ant. 124 (lyr.), etc., [dialect] Ep.

τάθην Il.23.375

: [tense] pf.

τέτᾰμαι Hes.Op. 549

, etc.: [tense] plpf. [ per.] 3sg. and pl. τέτατο, τέταντο, Od.11.11, Il.4.544; [ per.] 3 dual τετάσθην ib. 536:— stretch by force, pull tight,

κυκλοτερὲς μέγα τόξον ἔτεινε Il.4.124

;

ἐπ' Ἀλεξάνδρῳ τείνοντα πάλαι τόξον A.Ag. 364

(anap.); ἐξ ἄντυγος ἡνία τείνας having tied the reins tight to the chariot-rail, Il.5.262; ναὸς πόδα τείνας keeping the sheet taut, S.Ant. 716;

κάλων τείνας οὔριον εὐφροσυνᾶν IG14.793

;

οἱ ἀπείρως κατ' εὐθὺ τείνοντες Sor.1.73

; τῷ ψιμύθῳ.. παρειήν make it (look) full, AP11.374 (Maced.):—[voice] Med., τείνατο τόξα stretched his bow, A.R.2.1043, cf. Orph.A. 589; of tendons, etc., Gal. 18(2).58, al.:—[voice] Pass., [ἱμὰς] ὑπ' ἀνθερεῶνος.. τέτατο [the strap] was made tight, Il.3.372;

τελαμῶνε περὶ στήθεσσι τετάσθην 14.404

; τέταθ' ἱστία were stretched taut, Od.11.11.

2 metaph., stretch or strain, ἶσον τείνειεν πολέμου τέλος strain the issue of war even, Il.20.101:—[voice] Pass.,

τῶν ἐπὶ ἶσα μάχη τέτατο πτόλεμός τε 12.436

, 15.413, cf. Hes.Th. 638; τέτατο κρατερὴ ὑσμίνη the fight was strained, was intense, Il.17.543; ἵπποισι τάθη δρόμος their pace was strained to the utmost, 23.375; τοῖσι δ' ἀπὸ νύσσης τέτατο δρόμος they set off at full speed from the starting-line, ib. 758, Od.8.121: τ. αὐδάν strain the voice, raise it high, A.Pers. 574 (lyr.):—[voice] Pass. also, exert oneself, be anxious, Pi.I.1.49;

ἀμφ' ἀρεταῖς Id.P.11.54

.

3 stretch out, spread,

ὅτε τε Ζεὺς λαίλαπα τείνῃ Il.16.365

; ἐπὶ νὺξ τέταται βροτοῖσι night is spread over them, Od.11.19;

ἀὴρ τέταται μακάρων ἐπὶ ἔργοις Hes.Op. 549

; of light,

αἴγλαν ἃ τέταται S.Ph. 831

(lyr.), cf. Pl.R. 616b; of sound,

ἀμφὶ νῶτ' ἐτάθη πάταγος S.Ant. 124

(lyr.); δίκτυα τ. X.Cyn. 6.9;

ψυχὴν διὰ παντός Pl.Ti. 34b

.

b Gramm., lengthen a syllable, A.D.Pron.55.1:—[voice] Pass., ib.27.25, cf. 11.1 fin.

4 aim at, direct towards a point, prop. from the bow,

ἐπὶ Τροίᾳ τ. τὰ θεῶν ἀμάχητα βέλη S.Ph. 198

(anap.): metaph., ἔς τινα τ. φόνον aim, design death to one, E.Hec. 263 (but τ. φόνον prolong murder, Id.Supp. 672); τ. λόγον

εἴς τινα Pl.Phd. 63a

:—[voice] Pass.,

ἐς σὲ τ. γλῶσσα E.Rh. 875

;

ἡ ἅμιλλα τέταται πρὸς τοῦτο Pl.Phdr. 271a

, cf. Lg. 770d, R. 581b.

II stretch out in length, lay, ζυγὰ ἐπιπολῆς τ. Hdt.2.96:—[voice] Pass., lie out at length, lie stretched,

ἐπὶ γαίῃ κεῖτο ταθείς Il.13.655

; ἐν κονίῃσι τετάσθην, τέταντο, 4.536, 544; ταθεὶς ἐνὶ δεσμῷ hanging stretched in chains, Od.22.200; [φάσγανον] ὑπὸ λαπάρην τέτατο hung along or by his side, Il.22.307; διὰ.. αἰθέρος.. τέταται extends, Emp.135, cf. 100.2;

τῶν ἐκ τῆς χώρας λεωφόρων εἰς τὴν πόλιν τεταμένων Pl.Lg. 763c

;

φλὲψ.. διὰ τοῦ κοίλου τείνεται Arist.HA 513b3

: τεταμένος sts. becomes a mere Adj., long, αὐχένα.. τεταμένον τῇ φύσει, of birds, Id.PA 692b20; in Gramm., of a long vowel, PBouriant 8 i 1, 14.

2 stretch or hold out, present,

τινὰ ἐπὶ σφαγάν E.Or. 1494

(lyr.); ἀσπίδα, δόρυ, AP7.147 (Arch.), 720 (Chaerem.); τὴν χεῖρά τινι or ἐπί τι, A.R. 4.107, 1049:—[voice] Med., τείνεσθαι χέρε, γυῖα, δειρήν, one's hands, etc., Theoc.21.48, A.R.1.1009, 4.127, etc.;

συὸς τέκος Id.4.705

; ἑανούς ib. 1155.

3 extend, lengthen, of Time,

τὸν μακρὸν τ. βίον A. Pr. 537

(lyr.), cf. E.Med. 670;

αἰῶνα Id. Ion 625

;

τόνδ' ἐτεινάτην λόγον A.Ch. 510

;

μακροὺς τ. λόγους E.Hec. 1177

; τί μάτην τείνουσι βοήν; (where others interpr. it like τ. αὐδάν, v. supr. 1.2) Id.Med. 201 (anap.);

πολλὰ μὲν τάλαινα πολλὰ δ' αὖ σοφὴ.. μακρὰν ἔτεινας A.Ag. 1296

, cf. S.Aj. 1040.

B intr., of geographical position, stretch out or extend, παρ' ἣν (sc. λίμνην)

τὸ.. ὄρος τείνει Hdt.2.6

; τὸ πρὸς Λιβύης.. ὄρος ἄλλο τείνει ib.8;

τ. μέχρι.. Id.4.38

;

ἐς.. Id.7.113

;

ἐπὶ.. X.Ages.2.17

; of a dress, ὑπὸ σφυροῖσι τ. E.Ba. 936; of a mountain, ὑψόθι τ. A.R.2.354: of Time, ἡμερολεγδὸν τείνοντα χρόνον dragging out time, A.Pers.64 (anap.):—rarely so in [voice] Pass.,

ὄρος τεταμένον τὸν αὐτὸν τρόπον Hdt.2.8

.

II exert oneself, struggle,

ἐναντία τισί Pl.R. 492d

; press on, hasten,

οἱ δ' ἔτεινον ἐς πύλας E.Supp. 720

;

δηλοῖ τοὖργον, οἷ τ. χρεών Id.Or. 1129

;

τὸ μὴ τείνειν ἄγαν S.Ant. 711

;

τ. ὥς τινα Ar.Th. 1205

;

ἔτεινον ἄνω πρὸς τὸ ὄρος X.An.4.3.21

;

εὐθὺ Βαβυλῶνος Luc.Nec.6

;

τὴν ἐπὶ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ Id.Icar.22

.

III extend to, reach,

ἐπὶ τὴν ψυχήν Pl.Tht. 186c

;

ἐπὶ πᾶν Id.Smp. 186b

; of the veins stretching from one point to another, Arist.HA 492a20, 513a2, al., cf. Pl.Ti. 65c, Diog.Apoll.6.

2 tend, refer, belong to, τείνει ἐς σέ it refers to, concerns you, Hdt.6.109, cf. 7.135, E.Ph. 435, Hipp. 797, etc.; ποῖ τείνει καὶ εἰς τί; to what does it tend? Pl.Cri. 47c, cf. Tht. 163a, D.10.54;

μηδαμόσε ἄλλοσε Pl.R. 499a

;

πρός τι Id.Smp. 188d

, Prt. 345b;

ἐς ταὐτόν Id.Cra. 439c

.

3 τείνειν πρός τινα or τι, come near to, to be like, Id.Tht. 169b, Cra. 402c;

ἐγγύς τι τείνειν τοῦ τεθνάναι Id.Phd. 65a

, cf. R. 548d. (Cf. τανύω, Skt. tanóti 'stretch', Lat. tendo, etc.)

φῐλοδέσποτ-ος, ον,

A loving one's lord or master, ἀνδράποδα φ. slaves that hug their chains, cringing slaves, Hdt.4.142, cf. Com.Adesp.24.13 D.;

φύσει φ. D.S.17.66

;

φιλόδουλοι καὶ φιλοδέσποτοι J.BJ4.3.10

;

δῆμος φ. Thgn.849

; in good sense,

φ. ἀπελεύθερος MAMA4.336

([place name] Eumeneia); of dogs, Plu. 2.491c:

τὸ φ. Luc.Fug.16

;

φ. θεραπεῖαι Ph.1.474

: as Subst., title of plays by Timostratus, AB80 (where dat. - τῃ), Theognetus, Ath. 14.616a, and Sogenes, IG22.2323.157.

ἁλῠσηδόν, Adv.

A in chains, Man.4.486.

ἁλῠσίδετος, ον,

A bound with chains, Hsch.

ἅλῠσις (on the breathing v. Hdn.Gr.1.539), εως, ἡ,

A chain,

χαλκέῃ ἁλύσι δεδεμένη ἄγκυρα Hdt.9.74

, cf. Th.2.76, etc.;

ἐν ἁλύσει μιᾷ δεδεμένους D.Chr.30.17

, cf. Ep.Eph.6.20;

πέτραν ἁλύσεσι χρυσέαισι φερομέναν E.Or. 982

:—as a woman's ornament, Ar.Fr.320.12, Nicostr. 33;

σφραγῖδε.. ἁλύσεις χρυσᾶς ἔχουσαι IG2.652B35

.

2 collectively, chains, bondage, Plb.21.3.3.

3 link in chain armour, Arr. Tact.3.5.

ἐκκλέπτω, [tense] aor. 2 [voice] Pass. - εκλάπην X.HG5.4.12:—

A steal and carry off, of persons, [ Ἑρμῆς] ἐξέκλεψεν Ἄρηα he stole away Ares from his chains, Il.5.390, cf. Hdt.2.115 (s.v.l.), A.Ag. 662,Eu. 153, X.Ap. 23, Plu.Pyrrh.2 ;

τοὺς ὁμήρους ἐ. ἐκ Λήμνου Th.1.115

, cf. D.S.12.27 ;

τοὺς ἀδικοῦντας οἱ κατήγοροι ἐκκλέπτουσιν Lys.20.7

;

ἐκ δόμων πόδα E. Or. 1499

: c. gen.,

τήνδε..ἐκκλέψαι χθονός Id.Hel. 741

;

ἐ. φόνου Id.El. 286

; ἐ. μὴ θανεῖν ib. 540 ; ἐ. τι τοῦ λόγου to steal it from the story, Pl.R. 449c :—[voice] Pass.,

ὑπὸ τῆς ἀμήτορος παρθένου ἐκκλαπεῖσα Jul.Mis. 352b

.

II ἐ. τινὰ λόγοις to deceive him, S.Ph.55, cf. 968 ; μὴ.. ἐκκλέψῃς λόγον disguise not the matter, speak not falsely, Id.Tr. 437.

ἰάλλω, [dialect] Att. [full] ἱάλλω acc. to Hdn.Gr.1.539, cf. ἐφιάλλω: [tense] fut. ἰᾰλῶ ([etym.] ἐπ-) Ar.Nu. 1299: [tense] aor.

A

ἴηλα Il.15.19

, [dialect] Dor. [full] ἴᾱλα Sophr.14. [[pron. full] ῐ, unless augmented; Hom. never uses the augm.]:— send forth,

ὀϊστὸν ἀπὸ νευρῆφιν ἴαλλεν Il.8.300

, 309, cf. AP5.187 (Leon.): used by Hom. mostly in phrase, ἐπ' ὀνείατα χεῖρας ἴαλλον they put forth their hands to the dishes, Od.1.149,al.; ἐπὶ σίτῳ χ. ἰ. 10.376; ἑτάροις ἐπὶ χεῖρας ἴ. laid hands upon his comrades, 9.288; περὶ χερσὶ δὲ δεσμὸν ἴηλα threw chains around thy arms, Il.15.19;

ἐπὶ δεσμὸν ἴηλε Od.8.447

; so later ὑλακήν give tongue, AP7.69 (Jul. Aegypt.); ἴχνος set down, plant the foot, Nic.Al. 242.

2 c. acc. obj., ἄριστον ἀτιμίῃσιν ἰάλλειν assail him with insults, Od.13.142.

3 later, send, dispatch,

ἄγγελον Thgn.573

, cf.A.Ch.45 (lyr.);

ἐπὶ Δωδώνης.. θεοπρόπους ἴαλλεν Id.Pr. 659

;

Δίκην ἴαλλε σύμμαχον Id.Ch. 497

; ἄὁνυμτον τοῖς παιδίοις Sophr.l.c.;

τινὰ παρά τινα Id.61

; Φθίᾳ ἐλεύθερον ἦμαρ ἰ. AP7.529 (Theodorid.).

4 = εὑρίσκω, Hsch. s. vv. ἰᾶλαι, ἰάλλει.

II intr. (sc. ἑαυτόν) send oneself on, i.e. flee, run, Hes.Th. 269. (Cf. Skt. iyarti 'set in motion'.)

ῥῡμός, ὁ, ( ἐρύω (A))

A pole of a chariot or car, Il.10.505, 23.393, 24.271, Hdt.4.69; ἐν πρώτῳ ῥ. at the front end of the pole, Il.6.40, 16.371; ἀρτήματα ῥρυμοῖς pole-chains, IG12.314.40, cf. 313.21,22,28, 22.1672.307.

b three stars in the Bear, the pole of the Wain, Suid.

2 log or block of wood for fuel, SIG975.1, al. (Delos, iii B.C.), IG11 (2).154 A 18 (ibid., iii B.C.); ξύλα καὶ κληματίδες καὶ ῥυμοὶ τὰ ἱερεῖα ἑψῆσαι ib. 203 A 51 (ibid., iii B.C.); ῥυμὸς εἰς βωμόν ib.144 A 32 (ibid., iv B.C.);

ῥυμοὶ εἰς τοὺς χορούς Inscr.Délos 442

A 186, cf. 189 (ii B.C.).

II trace, Ael.NA10.48.

III trail of a shooting star, Arat.927.

IV perh. shelf or row, πρῶτος ῥ., δεύτερος ῥ., etc., IG22.1388.16,19, al., Michel 832.63 (Samos, iv B.C.), etc.;

αἱ.. ἐν τῷ πρώτῳ ῥ. φιάλαι Inscr.Délos 442

B 21 (ii B.C.); ἐκ τοῦ πρώτου ῥ. τοῦ ἐκ τῆς κιβωτοῦ φιάλη ἡ περιγενομένη ἀπὸ τοῦ ῥ. τοῦ παραδοθέντος τοῖς ἀνδράσιν ib.25.

V a weight at Rhodes, Suid.

VI = τάξις, ἢ ἐμμέλεια, Hsch. (sed leg. ῥυθμός).

βαρύνω 1 aor. ἐβάρυνα. Pass.: fut. βαρυνθήσομαι LXX; aor. ἐβαρύνθην LXX; pf. 3 sg. βεβάρυνται Na 2:10 (s. βαρύς; Hom.+; OGI 669, 5 and 18; PTebt 23, 5 [c. 115 B.C.]; POxy 298, 26; BGU 1563, 7 [both I A.D.]; PHamb 87, 10; PSI 1406, 9f [both IIA.D.]; LXX; En 103:11; PsSol 2:22; 5:6; Philo, Exs. 154; Jos., Bell. 4, 171, Ant. 6, 32; SibOr 3, 462) to cause pressure through someth. weighty, burden, weigh down τ. δίκαιον Ac 3:14 D. β. δεσμοῖς weigh down w. chains 2 Cl 20:4.—Ac 28:27 v.l.; 2 Cor 5:4 v.l.; Lk 21:34 v.l.—DELG s.v. βαρύς. M-M. TW.

δια(ρ)ρήγνυμι/διαρήσσω (Ion.; B-D-F §101 s.v. ῥήγνυμι; W-S. §15 and Rob. 1219 s.v. ῥήσσω.—Hom. et al.; LXX, TestSol; TestJob 19:2; TestJos 5:2; ParJer) fut. διαρρήξω LXX; 1 aor. διε(ρ)ρηξα; pf. ptc. trans. διερρηχώς LXX, intr. διερρωγώς (s. ParJer 2:1, 10). Pass.: fut. διαρραγήσομαι (s. Test-Sol 5:5; 15:8); 2 aor. 3 sg. διε(ρ)ράγη GPt 5:20; pf. ptc. διερρηγμένος LXX.

① to cause something to come apart through violent action or pressure.

ⓐ Of fabric tear τὶ someth.: garments (as a sign of grief Gen 37:29; Jdth 14:19; Esth 4:1 al.; Philippides Com. [IV/III B.C.] 25, 5, vol. III p. 308 K.; Phlegon of Tralles [Hadr.]: 257 Fgm. 36, I, 5, Jac.; PHib 200, 10 [III B.C.] χιτῶνα λινοῦν διέρρηξεν; PCairIsid 63, 25 τὴν ἐσθῆταν διαρήξαντες; PLips 37, 19 τὴν ἐπικειμένην αὐτοῦ ἐσθῆτα διαρήξαντες; Philo, De Jos. 217; Jos., Bell. 2, 322; TestJos 5:2.—S. ἀλαλάζω 1) Mt 26:65; Mk 14:63; Ac 14:14.—Pass. intr. tear, burst (Hero Alex. I p. 18, 21 διαρραγήσεται τὸ τεῖχος; 264, 20; Aesop, Fab. 135 P.=218 H.; 139 P.=239 H.; Lucian, Hist. Conscrib. 20; PGM 36, 263 πέτραι; Bel 27) of nets Lk 5:6 (διερρήγνυτο v.l. for-ήσσετο); of the temple curtain GPt 5:20.

ⓑ Of chains and fetters break τὶ someth.(Chariton 4, 3, 3; Ps.-Apollod. 2, 5, 11, 117; PGM 12, 279; 57, 4; Ps 2:3; 106:14; Na 1:13; Jer 5:5; Jos., Ant. 5, 300) Lk 8:29 (spelled [s. above] διαρήσσων as PGM 4, 1022).

② shatter, destroy τι someth., fig. ext. of 1 ἰσχὺν βασιλέων B 12:11 (Is 45:1).—DELG s.v. ῥήγνυμι. M-M.

δια(ρ)ρήγνυμι/διαρήσσω (Ion.; B-D-F §101 s.v. ῥήγνυμι; W-S. §15 and Rob. 1219 s.v. ῥήσσω.—Hom. et al.; LXX, TestSol; TestJob 19:2; TestJos 5:2; ParJer) fut. διαρρήξω LXX; 1 aor. διε(ρ)ρηξα; pf. ptc. trans. διερρηχώς LXX, intr. διερρωγώς (s. ParJer 2:1, 10). Pass.: fut. διαρραγήσομαι (s. Test-Sol 5:5; 15:8); 2 aor. 3 sg. διε(ρ)ράγη GPt 5:20; pf. ptc. διερρηγμένος LXX.

① to cause something to come apart through violent action or pressure.

ⓐ Of fabric tear τὶ someth.: garments (as a sign of grief Gen 37:29; Jdth 14:19; Esth 4:1 al.; Philippides Com. [IV/III B.C.] 25, 5, vol. III p. 308 K.; Phlegon of Tralles [Hadr.]: 257 Fgm. 36, I, 5, Jac.; PHib 200, 10 [III B.C.] χιτῶνα λινοῦν διέρρηξεν; PCairIsid 63, 25 τὴν ἐσθῆταν διαρήξαντες; PLips 37, 19 τὴν ἐπικειμένην αὐτοῦ ἐσθῆτα διαρήξαντες; Philo, De Jos. 217; Jos., Bell. 2, 322; TestJos 5:2.—S. ἀλαλάζω 1) Mt 26:65; Mk 14:63; Ac 14:14.—Pass. intr. tear, burst (Hero Alex. I p. 18, 21 διαρραγήσεται τὸ τεῖχος; 264, 20; Aesop, Fab. 135 P.=218 H.; 139 P.=239 H.; Lucian, Hist. Conscrib. 20; PGM 36, 263 πέτραι; Bel 27) of nets Lk 5:6 (διερρήγνυτο v.l. for-ήσσετο); of the temple curtain GPt 5:20.

ⓑ Of chains and fetters break τὶ someth.(Chariton 4, 3, 3; Ps.-Apollod. 2, 5, 11, 117; PGM 12, 279; 57, 4; Ps 2:3; 106:14; Na 1:13; Jer 5:5; Jos., Ant. 5, 300) Lk 8:29 (spelled [s. above] διαρήσσων as PGM 4, 1022).

② shatter, destroy τι someth., fig. ext. of 1 ἰσχὺν βασιλέων B 12:11 (Is 45:1).—DELG s.v. ῥήγνυμι. M-M.

δια(ρ)ρήγνυμι/διαρήσσω (Ion.; B-D-F §101 s.v. ῥήγνυμι; W-S. §15 and Rob. 1219 s.v. ῥήσσω.—Hom. et al.; LXX, TestSol; TestJob 19:2; TestJos 5:2; ParJer) fut. διαρρήξω LXX; 1 aor. διε(ρ)ρηξα; pf. ptc. trans. διερρηχώς LXX, intr. διερρωγώς (s. ParJer 2:1, 10). Pass.: fut. διαρραγήσομαι (s. Test-Sol 5:5; 15:8); 2 aor. 3 sg. διε(ρ)ράγη GPt 5:20; pf. ptc. διερρηγμένος LXX.

① to cause something to come apart through violent action or pressure.

ⓐ Of fabric tear τὶ someth.: garments (as a sign of grief Gen 37:29; Jdth 14:19; Esth 4:1 al.; Philippides Com. [IV/III B.C.] 25, 5, vol. III p. 308 K.; Phlegon of Tralles [Hadr.]: 257 Fgm. 36, I, 5, Jac.; PHib 200, 10 [III B.C.] χιτῶνα λινοῦν διέρρηξεν; PCairIsid 63, 25 τὴν ἐσθῆταν διαρήξαντες; PLips 37, 19 τὴν ἐπικειμένην αὐτοῦ ἐσθῆτα διαρήξαντες; Philo, De Jos. 217; Jos., Bell. 2, 322; TestJos 5:2.—S. ἀλαλάζω 1) Mt 26:65; Mk 14:63; Ac 14:14.—Pass. intr. tear, burst (Hero Alex. I p. 18, 21 διαρραγήσεται τὸ τεῖχος; 264, 20; Aesop, Fab. 135 P.=218 H.; 139 P.=239 H.; Lucian, Hist. Conscrib. 20; PGM 36, 263 πέτραι; Bel 27) of nets Lk 5:6 (διερρήγνυτο v.l. for-ήσσετο); of the temple curtain GPt 5:20.

ⓑ Of chains and fetters break τὶ someth.(Chariton 4, 3, 3; Ps.-Apollod. 2, 5, 11, 117; PGM 12, 279; 57, 4; Ps 2:3; 106:14; Na 1:13; Jer 5:5; Jos., Ant. 5, 300) Lk 8:29 (spelled [s. above] διαρήσσων as PGM 4, 1022).

② shatter, destroy τι someth., fig. ext. of 1 ἰσχὺν βασιλέων B 12:11 (Is 45:1).—DELG s.v. ῥήγνυμι. M-M.

διασπάω fut. 3 sg. διασπάσει Hos 13:8; 1 aor. διέσπασα LXX. Pass. 1 aor. διεσπάσθην; pf. inf. διεσπάσθαι (s. σπάω; Eur., Hdt.+; SIG 364, 10 [III B.C.]; pap, e.g. PCairZen 443, 4; LXX; TestJud 2:4; Jos., Ant. 6, 186; Just., A I, 37, 8, D. 15, 4 διάσπα [both Is 58:6 διάλυε]; Tat. 6:2; Ath., R. 64, 20) tear apart, tear up of a possessed person breaking chains (cp. Jer 2:20) Mk 5:4; a document B 3:3 (Is 58:6); of an angry mob μὴ διασπασθῇ ὁ Παῦλος ὑπʼ αὐτῶν that Paul would be torn in pieces by them Ac 23:10 (Dio Chrys. 26 [43], 6 ὑπὸ τῶν συγγενῶν διασπασθῆναι; Appian, Bell. Civ. 2, 147 §613; Biogr. p. 444 Ὑπατία διεσπάσθη ὑπὸ τῶν Ἀλεξανδρέων=Hypatia [the philosopher] torn limb from limb by Alexandrian [monks]; cp. Hdt. 3, 13; Lucian, Phal. 1, 4). Fig. (w. διέλκειν) tear apart the members of Christ, i.e. the churches 1 Cl 46:7 (cp. Dio Chrys. 28 [45], 8 εἰς μέρη δ. τὴν πόλιν; Ael. Aristid. 24, 39 K.=44 p. 836 D.: τὸ σῶμα τ. πόλεως; Iambl., Vi. Pyth. 33, 240 τὸν ἐν ἑαυτοῖς θεόν).—DELG s.v. σπάω. M-M.

δίδωμι (Hom.+) by-form διδῶ (B-D-F §94, 1; Rob. 311f) Rv 3:9 (δίδω Tregelles, δίδωμι v.l.), 3 sg. διδοῖ (GrBar 7:2), 3 pl. διδόασι; impf. 3 sg. ἐδίδου, ἐδίδει (Hs 6, 2, 7; cp. Mk 4:8 cod. W), 3 pl. ἐδίδουν, ἐδίδοσαν J 19:3; ptc. διδῶν (Hs 8, 3, 3); fut. δώσω; 1 aor. ἔδωκα, subj. 3 sg. δώσῃ J 17:2; Rv 8:3 v.l. (on this W-S.§14, 9; B-D-F §95, 1; Rob. 308f), 1 pl. δώσωμεν Mk 6:37 v.l., 3 pl. δώσωσιν Rv 4:9 v.l.; pf. δέδωκα; plpf. ἐδεδώκειν (and without augm. δεδώκειν Mk 14:44; Lk 19:15; J 11:57); 2 aor. subj. 3 sg. δῷ J 15:16 (δώῃ v.l.); also in the form δώῃ Eph 1:17; 2 Ti 2:25 (in both δῷ as v.l.): in all these cases read δώῃ subj., not δῴη opt., s. below; δοῖ Mk 8:37 (B-D-F §95, 2; Mlt. 55; Rdm.² 97f and Glotta 7, 1916, 21ff; GKilpatrick in Festschrift JSchmid ’63, 135), pl. δῶμεν, δῶτε, δῶσιν; 2 aor. opt. 3 sg. Hellenist. (also LXX) δῴη for δοίη Ro 15:5; 2 Th 3:16; 2 Ti 1:16, 18 (on Eph 1:17; 2 Ti 2:25 s. above); 2 aor. impv. δός, δότε, inf. δοῦναι, ptc. δούς; pf. δέδωκα LXX. Pass.: 1 fut. δοθήσομαι (W-S. §14, 8ff); 1 aor. ἐδόθην; pf. δέδομαι.

① to give as an expression of generosity, give, donate as a gen. principle: μακάριόν ἐστιν μᾶλλον διδόναι ἢ λαμβάνειν it is more blessed to give than to receive Ac 20:35 (Theophyl. Sim., Ep. 42 τὸ διδόναι ἢ τὸ λαβεῖν οἰκειότερον); cp. 1 Cl 2:1; Hm 2:4ff (the contrast δίδωμι … λαμβάνω is frequently found: Epicharmus, Fgm. 273 Kaibel; Com. Fgm. Adesp. 108, 4 K.; Maximus Tyr. 32, 10c ὀλίγα δούς, μεγάλα ἔλαβες; Sir 14:16; Tat. 29, 2).—On the logion Ac 20:35 s. Unknown Sayings 77–81: giving is blessed, not receiving (cp. EHaenchen on Ac 20:35; Aristot., EN 4, 3, 26; Plut., Mor. 173d). S. μᾶλλον 3c. δὸς τοῖς πτωχοῖς give to the poor Mt 19:21 (HvonCampenhausen, Tradition u. Leben ’60, 114–56). τινὶ ἔκ τινος give someone some (of a substance: Tob 4:16; Ezk 48:12) Mt 25:8. S. also 7:11; 14:7.

② to give someth. out, give, bestow, grant δ. δακτύλιον εἰς τὴν χεῖρα put a ring on the finger Lk 15:22 (cp. Esth 3:10—δίδωμί τι εἰς τ. χεῖρα also Aristoph., Nub. 506; Herodas 3, 70). give τινί τι someth. to someone τὸ ἅγιον τοῖς κυσίν Mt 7:6 (Ps.-Lucian, Asin. 33 τὰ ἔγκατα τοῖς κυσὶ δότε).—A certificate of divorce to one’s wife 5:31 (Dt 24:1; conversely of the wife Just., A II, 2, 6 ῥεπούδιον δοῦσα); without dat. 19:7. Of bread (w. dat. or acc. somet. to be supplied fr. the context) 26:26f; Mk 2:26; 14:22; Lk 6:4; 11:7f; 22:19; J 21:13 (difft. Mt 14:19; 15:36; Mk 6:41; 8:6 the disciples transfer to others what they have received). W. inf. foll. δ. τινὶ φαγεῖν give someone someth. to eat Mt 14:16; 25:35, 42; Mk 5:43; 6:37; J 6:31 al. (cp. Gen 28:20; Ex 16:8, 15; Lev 10:17); someth. to drink Mt 27:34; Mk 15:23; J 4:7; Rv 16:6 (Hdt. 4, 172, 4; Aristoph., Pax 49; Jos., Ant. 2, 64; schol. on Nicander, Alexiph. 146 δὸς πιεῖν τί τινι, without dat. 198; PGM 13, 320 δὸς πεῖν[=πιεῖν]; Jos., Ant. 2, 64).—τὰς ῥάβδους GJs 9:1.—Lk 15:29 (Hipponax 43 Deg.).

③ to express devotion, give δόξαν δ. θεῷ give God the glory, i.e. praise, honor, thanks (Josh 7:19; Ps 67:35; 1 Esdr 9:8; 2 Ch 30:8 and oft.) Lk 17:18; J 9:24 (practically=promise under oath to tell the truth); Ac 12:23 al. δόξαν καὶ τιμήν (2 Ch 32:33) give glory and honor Rv 4:9. Through a sacrificial offering θυσίαν δ. bring an offering Lk 2:24 (cp. Jos., Ant. 7, 196 θυσίαν ἀποδοῦναι τ. θεῷ).

④ to cause to happen, esp. in ref. to physical phenomena, produce, make, cause, give fig. extension of mng. 1 ὑετὸν δ. (3 Km 17:14; Job 5:10; Zech 10:1; PsSol 5:9) yield rain Js 5:18; send rain Ac 14:17. τέρατα cause wonders to appear Ac 2:19 (Jo 3:3). Of heavenly bodies φέγγος δ. give light, shine Mt 24:29; Mk 13:24 (cp. Is 13:10). Of a musical instrument φωνὴν δ. (cp. Ps 17:14; 103:12; Jdth 14:9; Pind., N. 5, 50b [93]) produce a sound 1 Cor 14:7f.

⑤ to put someth. in care of another, entrust

ⓐ of things entrust τινί τι someth. to someone money Mt 25:15; Lk 19:13, 15; the keys of the kgdm. Mt 16:19; perh. Lk 12:48. W. εἰς τὰς χεῖρας added J 13:3 (cp. Gen 39:8; Is 22:21; 29:12 al.) or ἐν τῇ χειρί τινος 3:35 (cp. Jdth 9:9; Da 1:2; 7:25 Theod.; 1 Macc 2:7). Of spiritual things J 17:8, 14; Ac 7:38.

ⓑ of pers. τινά τινι entrust someone to another’s care J 6:37, 39; 17:6, 9, 12, 24; Hb 2:13 (Is 8:18).

⑥ to engage in a financial transaction

ⓐ of payment pay, give τινί τι Mt 20:4; 26:15; 28:12; Mk 14:11; Lk 22:5; Rv 11:18. Fig. repay someone (Mélanges Nicole, var. contributors, JNicole Festschr. 1905, p. 246 [HvanHerwerden=PLips 40 III, 3 p. 129] λίθῳ δέδωκεν τῷ υἱῷ μου; Ps 27:4) Rv 2:23. Of taxes, tribute, rent, etc. τινὶ ἀπό τινος pay rent of someth. Lk 20:10 (cp. 1 Esdr 6:28). τὶ pay (up), give someth. Mt 16:26; 27:10; Mk 8:37; δ. κῆνσον, φόρον καίσαρι pay tax to the emperor (Jos., Bell. 2, 403) Mt 22:17; Mk 12:14; Lk 20:22. Of inheritance pay out a portion of property Lk 15:12.

ⓑ as commercial t.t. for bookkeeping λόγον δ. render account (POxy 1281, 9 [21 A.D.]; PStras 32, 9 δότω λόγον; cp. Phil 4:15) Ro 14:12.

ⓒ of a bank deposit, equivalent to τιθέναι put, place, deposit ἀργύριον ἐπὶ τράπεζαν put money in the bank Lk 19:23.

⑦ appoint to special responsibility, appoint (Num 14:4) κριτάς judges Ac 13:20; w. double acc. appoint someone someth. (PLille 28, II [III B.C.] αὐτοῖς ἐδώκαμεν μεσίτην Δωρίωνα) τοὺϚ μὲν ἀποστόλους some (to be) apostles Eph 4:11. τινὰ κεφαλήν make someone head 1:22. Also δ. τινὰ εἴς τι B 14:7 (Is 42:6).

⑧ to cause someth. to happen, give (Philo, Leg. All. 3, 106 δ. χρόνον εἰς μετάνοιαν) δ. γνῶσιν σωτηρίας= to give (his people) knowledge of salvation = to tell (his people) how to be saved Lk 1:77.

⑨ to bear as a natural product, yield, produce of a field and its crops καρπὸν δ. yield fruit (Ps 1:3) Mt 13:8; Mk 4:7f; fig. ἔδωκεν μοὶ Κύριος καρπὸν δικαιοσύνης αὐτοῦ GJs 6:3 (Pr 11:30).

⑩ to dedicate oneself for some purpose or cause, give up, sacrifice τὸ σῶμά μου τὸ ὑπὲρ ὑμῶν διδόμενον my body, given up for you Lk 22:19 (cp. Thu. 2, 43, 2; Libanius, Declam. 24, 23 Förster οἱ ἐν Πύλαις ὑπὲρ ἐλευθερίας τ. Ἑλλήνων δεδωκότες τὰ σώματα; of Menas δ. ἀπροφασίστως ἑαυτόν ‘gave of himself unstintingly’ OGI 339, 19f; Danker, Benefactor 321–23; for use of δ. in a testamentary context cp. Diog. L. 5, 72); ἑαυτὸν (τὴν ψυχὴν) δ. give oneself up, sacrifice oneself (ref. in Nägeli 56; 1 Macc 6:44; 2:50) w. dat. 2 Cor 8:5. λύτρον ἀντι πολλῶν give oneself up as a ransom for many Mt 20:28; Mk 10:45 (ἀντί 3). Also ἀντίλυτρον ὑπέρ τινος 1 Ti 2:6. ὐπέρ τινος for or because of a person or thing J 10:15 v.l.; Gal 1:4; Tit 2:14; AcPl Ha 8, 24 (on the form of these passages s. KRomaniuk, NovT 5, ’62, 55–76). ἑαυτὸν δ. τῷ θανάτῳ ISm 4:2 (cp. Just., A I, 21, 2 πυρί); δ. ἑαυτὸν εἰς τὸ θηρίον face the beast Hv 4, 1, 8.

⑪ to cause (oneself) to go, go, venture somewhere (cp. our older ‘betake oneself’) (Polyb. 5, 14, 9; Diod S 5, 59, 4; 14, 81, 2; Jos., Ant. 7, 225; 15, 244) εἰς τὸ θέατρον Ac 19:31; εἰς τὴν ἔρημον GJs 1:4.

⑫ to use an oracular device, draw/cast lots Ac 1:26.

⑬ to grant by formal action, grant, allow, freq. of God (cp. 7 above) ἐξουσίαν δ. (Hippol., Ref. 5, 26, 21 grant someone the power or authority, give someone the right, etc. (cp. TestJob 20:3; Jos., Ant. 2, 90, Vi. 71) Mt 9:8; 28:18; 2 Cor 13:10; Rv 9:3; 1 Cl 61:1; τοῦ πατεῖν ἐπάνω τινός tread on someth. Lk 10:19. τὴν σοφίαν τοῦ γράψαι τὴν ἱστορίαν ταύτην the ability to write this account GJs 25:1. ἔδωκεν αὐτοῖς δύναμιν καὶ ἐξουσίαν ἐπί Lk 9:1 (cp. Just., D. 30, 3 ἔδωκεν αὐτῷ δύναμιν). ταῦτά σοι πάντα δώσω i.e. put them under your control Mt 4:9 of the devil. Simple δ. w. inf. (Appian, Liby. 19 §78 ἢν [=ἐὰν] ὁ θεὸς δῷ ἐπικρατῆσαι 106 §499) δέδοται it is given, granted to someone γνῶναι τὰ μυστήρια to know the secrets Mt 13:11; cp. ἡ δοθεῖσα αὐτῷ γνῶσις B 9:8 (Just., D. 7, 3 εἰ μή τῳ θεός δῷ συνιέναι) ἔδωκεν ζωὴν ἔχειν he has granted (the privilege) of having life J 5:26. μετὰ παρρησίας λαλεῖν to speak courageously Ac 4:29 and oft. Rather freq. the inf. is to be supplied fr. the context (Himerius, Or. 38 [4], 8 εἰ θεὸς διδοίη=if God permits) οἷς δέδοται sc. χωρεῖν Mt 19:11. ἦν δεδομένον σοι sc. ἐξουσίαν ἔχειν J 19:11. W. acc. and inf. foll. (Appian, Mithrid. 11, §37; Heliodorus 5, 12, 2 δώσεις με πιστεύειν) οὐδὲ δώσεις τὸν ὅσιόν σου ἰδεῖν διαφθοράν you will not permit your holy one to see corruption Ac 2:27; 13:35 (both Ps 15:10). ἔδωκεν αὐτὸν ἐμφανῆ γενέσθαι granted that he should be plainly seen 10:40. δὸς … ῥαγήναι τὰ δέσμα grant that our chains be broken AcPl Ha 3,11f. Pregnant constr.: grant, order (Diod S 9, 12, 2 διδ. λαβεῖν=permit to; 19, 85, 3 τὶ=someth.; Appian, Bell. Civ. 4, 125 §524 ὁ καιρὸς ἐδίδου=the opportunity permitted; Biogr. p. 130 ἐδίδου θάπτειν τ. ἄνδρα) ἐδόθη αὐτοῖς ἵνα μὴ ἀποκτείνωσιν orders were given them not to kill Rv 9:5; cp. 19:8.—Of an oath w. double inf. Lk 1:73f. S. also 17 below.

⑭ to cause to come into being, institute περιτομὴν δ. institute circumcision B 9:7.

⑮ give up, someth. that has been under one’s control for a relatively long time, give up, give back ἡ θάλασσα τ. νεκρούς the sea gave up its dead Rv 20:13.

⑯ to proffer someth., extend, offer χεῖρα hold out one’s hand (to someone) Ac 9:41 (cp. 1 Macc 6:58; 2 Macc 12:11; Jos., Bell. 6, 318). (τὸν) μαστὸν τῇ παῖδι GJs 5:2; 6:3.

⑰ In many phrases this word relates to an activity or an abstract object, and with tr. freq. determined by the noun object; cp. 13 above.

ⓐ of humans: of a plan conceived in a meeting give counsel or advice: δ. for ποιεῖν (cp. κατά A2b β and s. s.v. συμβούλιον), which is read by some mss., in συμβούλιον δ. conspired (against Jesus) Mk 3:6. ἀφορμὴν δ. give an occasion (for someth.) 2 Cor 5:12; Hm 4, 1, 11; μαρτυρίαν δ. give testimony 1 Cl 30:7; δ. τὸ μαρτύριον bear witness AcPl Ha 4, 28; γνώμην δ. give an opinion 1 Cor 7:25; 2 Cor 8:10; ἐγκοπὴν δ. cause a hindrance 1 Cor 9:12; ἐντολὴν δ. command, order J 11:57; 12:49; 1J 3:23; ἐντολὴν καινὴν δ. give a new commandment J 13:34; εὔσημον λόγον δ. speak plainly or intelligibly 1 Cor 14:9; παραγγελίαν δ. give an instruction 1 Th 4:2; δ. τὴν ἐν [κυρίῳ σφραγίδα] seal in the Lord AcPl Ha 11, 23 (restored after the Coptic); προσκοπὴν δ. put an obstacle in (someone’s) way 2 Cor 6:3; δ. ἐκδίκησιν take vengeance 2 Th 1:8; ῥάπισμα δ. τινί slap someone J 18:22; 19:3; σημεῖον δ. give a sign Mt 26:48; τόπον δ. τινί make room for someone (Plut., Gai. Gracch. 840 [13, 3]) Lk 14:9; fig. leave room for Ro 12:19 (cp. τόπος 4); Eph 4:27. ὑπόδειγμα δ. give an example J 13:15; φίλημα δ. τινί give someone a kiss Lk 7:45.—δὸς ἐργασίαν Lk 12:58 is prob. a Latinism=da operam take pains, make an effort (B-D-F §5, 3b note 9; Rob. 109), which nevertheless penetrated the popular speech (OGI 441, 109 [senatorial decree 81 B.C.]; POxy 742, 11 [colloq. letter 2 B.C.] δὸς ἐργασίαν; PMich 203, 7; 466, 33f [Trajan]; PGiss 11, 16 [118 A.D.]; PBrem 5, 8 [117/119 A.D.]).

ⓑ esp. oft. of God (Hom. et al.) and Christ: give, grant, impose (of punishments etc.), send, of gifts, peace τινί τι Eph 4:8; 1 Cl 60:4; τινί τινος give someone some of a thing Rv 2:17. Also τινὶ ἔκ τινος 1J 4:13. τὶ εἴς τινα 1 Th 4:8 (Ezk 37:14); εἰς τὰς καρδίας put into the hearts Rv 17:17 (cp. X., Cyr. 8, 2, 20 δ. τινί τι εἰς ψυχήν). Also ἐν τ. καρδίαις δ. (cp. ἐν 3) 2 Cor 1:22; 8:16 (cp. Ezk 36:27). εἰς τὴν διάνοιαν Hb 8:10 (Jer 38: 33); ἐπὶ καρδίας Hb 10:16 (δ. ἐπί w. acc. as Jer 6:21, and s. Jer 38:33 ἐπὶ καρδίας αὐτῶν γράψω). W. ἵνα foll. grant that Mk 10:37.—The pass. occurs very oft. in this sense (Plut., Mor. 265d; 277e) Lk 8:10; Rv 6:4; 7:2; 13:7, 14f and oft. ἐκδίκησιν διδόναι τινί inflict punishment on someone 2 Th 1:8; βασανισμὸν καὶ πένθος δ. τινί send torment and grief upon someone Rv 18:7; ὄνομα δ. GJs 6:2, χάριν δ. (Jos., Bell. 7, 325) Js 4:6; 1 Pt 5:5 (both Pr 3:34); GJs 14:2; υἱοθεσίαν AcPl Ha 2, 28; 9,12; ἄφεσιν ἁμαρτιῶν 2, 30f; μεγαλεῖα 6,13. W. gen. foll. over someone Mt 10:1; Mk 6:7; J 17:2.—B. 749. Schmidt, Syn. 193–203. DELG. M-M. TW.

ζόφος, ου, ὁ (Hom., Trag. et al.; Plut., Lucian; Epict., Fgm. p. 487, 2 Sch.; Sym., Philo; Ath., R. 19 p. 71, 30).

① darkness ranging from partial to total state, with suggestion of foreboding, darkness, gloom Hb 12:18.

② esp. darkness of the nether regions, gloom (Od. 20, 356), and these regions themselves (Il. 15, 191; 21, 56; Od. 11, 57) ὁ ζόφος τοῦ σκότους either black darkness or the darkest nether regions 2 Pt 2:17; Jd 13 (the juxtaposition of ζ. and σκότος as Ael. Aristid. 24, 44 K.=44 p. 838 D.; Lucian, Catapl. 2); σειραὶ ζόφου chains of hell 2 Pt 2:4. ὑπὸ ζόφον in (lit. ‘under’) darkness (cp. Aeschyl., Pers. 839; Eur., Hipp. 1416.—Quint. Smyrn. 2, 619 ὑπὸ ζ. of the underworld) Jd 6. S. ταρταρόω.—DELG. M-M. TW.

παῖς, παιδός, ὁ or ἡ (Hom. et al.) child.

① a young pers. normally below the age of puberty, w. focus on age rather than social status, boy, youth (Hom. et al.; ins, pap, LXX; Philo, Op. M. 105; Jos., Ant. 12, 210; Just., D. 78, 2 and 7; s. VLeinieks, The City of Dionysos ’96, 199–210 on age-classes) Mt 17:18; Lk 9:42; Ac 20:12. Ἰησοῦς ὁ παῖς Lk 2:43. In ref. to Jesus GJs 20:4; 22:2.—Pl. (as פְּדַיָּא a loanw. in rabb.) Mt 2:16; 21:15; B 8:3f.—ἐκ παιδός from childhood (Diod S 1, 54, 5; 1, 73, 9; 1, 92, 5; 19, 40, 2 al. Simplicius in Epict. p. 129, 26; UPZ 144, 19 [165 B.C.] τῆς ἐκ παιδὸς φιλίας; cp. Just., A I, 15, 6 ἐκ παίδων) Mk 9:21 D.

② one’s own immediate offspring, child as ‘son’ or ‘daughter’

ⓐ of a son ὁ παῖς (Hom.+; Diod S 20, 22, 1 οἱ παῖδες αὐτοῦ; ins, pap, LXX; TestAbr A 7 p. 84, 19 [Stone p. 16]; JosAs 23:9; ApcMos 42; Jos., Bell. 4, 646, Ant. 20, 140 al.; Just., A II, 2, 16 al.; Tat. 41, 1; Mel., HE 4, 26, 7, P. 53, 389; Ath. 20, 2 al.) ὁ παῖς αὐτοῦ J 4:51 (=υἱός vss. 46f, 50; υἱός v.l. for παῖς vs. 51). This sense is also poss. in Mt 8:6, 8, 13, but these pass. prob. belong in 3a.

ⓑ of a daughter ἡ παῖς (for the feminine term, but not limited to ‘daughter’, s. Pind., Fgm. 107, 7 [122 Sch.] ὦ παῖδες=girls!; Hyperid., Fgm. 144; Phalaris, Ep. 142, 1; Chariton 1, 8, 2; Philostrat., Her. 19, 11 p. 204, 31; Gen 24:28; 34:12; TestJob 7:7f; Jos., Ant. 1, 254; 5, 266 al.; Tat. 8, 3; 33, 2) Lk 8:51; GJs fifteen times for Mary. ἡ παῖς (my) child (nom. w. art. for voc.; s. B-D-F §147, 3; Rob. 465f; 769) Lk 8:54.

③ one who is committed in total obedience to another, slave, servant

ⓐ of slaves and personal attendants slave, servant (since Hipponax [VI B.C.] 16 D.³; Aeschyl., Cho. 652. Also HUsener, Epicurea 1887 p. 168, 10; Plut., Alcib. 193 [4, 5], Mor. 65c; 70e; SIG 96, 26. Oft. pap. and LXX; TestAbr B; JosAs 99:3 al.; AscIs 3:5; Jos., Ant. 18, 192, Vi. 223.—Even an especially trusted male servant is termed ὁ παῖς: Diod S 15, 87, 6 Epaminondas’ armor-bearer; Appian, Iber. 27, 107 Scipio’s groom; Gen 24:2ff Abraham’s chief servant, vs. 5 ὁ παῖς) Lk 7:7 (=δοῦλος vss. 2f, 10); 15:26; AcPt Ox 849, 15 [Aa I 73, 21 Lat.]. W. παιδίσκη (q.v.) 12:45. Prob. Mt 8:6, 8, 13 also belong here (s. 2a).—Of those at a ruler’s court οἱ παῖδες courtiers, attendants (Diod S 17, 36, 5; Gen 41:10, 37f; 1 Km 16:17; Jer 43:31; 44:2; 1 Macc 1:6, 8) Mt 14:2.

ⓑ of special relationships

α. humans as God’s servants, slaves (Ael. Aristid. 45 p. 152 D.: θεῶν παῖδες [or ‘sons of gods’ as Polyb. 3, 47, 8; Chariton 2, 1, 5 and Diog. L. 9, 72]; LXX; ParJer 6:24 [Jeremiah]) Israel (Is 41:8f; PsSol 12:6; 17:21) Lk 1:54. David (Ps 17:1; Is 37:35) 1:69; Ac 4:25; D 9:2a.—Of guileless pers. τοὺς κατὰ θεὸν ἀκακίαν ἀσκοῦντας παῖδας ἐκάλουν, ὡς καὶ Παπίας δηλοῖ as Papias points out, those who led a godly life without guile were called children Papias (8).

β. angels as servants of God (God) does not trust his servants 1 Cl 39:4 (Job 4:18). Of the young man from heaven who released Paul from his chains παῖς λείαν (=λίαν) εὐειδὴς ἐν χάριτι AcPl Ha 3, 13f.

γ. of Christ in his relation to God. In this connection it has the mng. servant because of the identification of the ‘servant of God’ of certain OT pass. w. the Messiah (Is 52:13 et al.; BJanowski/PStuhlmacher, edd., Der Leidende Gottesknecht ’96 [lit.]; DBS XII 1000–1016) Mt 12:18 (cp. Is 42:1); B 6:1; B 9:2 (on the last two cp. Is 50:10). So prob. also D 9:2b (because of the immediate proximity of Δαυὶδ ὁ παῖς σου 9:2a); 9:3; 10:2f.—In other places (cp. Ath. 10, 2; 12, 2 al.; Iren. 3, 12, 5 [Harv. II 58, 8]) the mng. son is certainly to be preferred (παῖς was so understood in the Gk. world, when it expressed a relationship to a divinity: Il. 2, 205 Κρόνου παῖς; Sappho 1, 2 Diehl; Alcaeus 1; Bacchylides 17, 70 Minos, a παῖς of Zeus; Hermocles [IV/III B.C.] p. 174 Coll. Alex.=Athen. 6, 63, 253d: Demetrius Poliorcetes as π. Ποσειδῶνος θεοῦ; Diod S 17, 51, 1 the god Ammon has his prophet address Alexander thus χαῖρε, ὦ παῖ; what follows makes it clear that procreation is meant; Plut., Mor. 180d; Maximus Tyr. 14, 1d; Paus. 2, 10, 3 Ἄρατος Ἀσκληπιοῦ π.; Diogenes, Ep. 36, 1; Philostrat., Vi. Apoll. 7, 24 p. 279, 4; Porphyr., Vi. Plot. 23; Iambl., Vi. Pyth. 2, 10; IG IV², 128, 50 [280 B.C.] and oft.; Sb 8314, 9 Hermes conducts the dead man to the Elysian fields ἅμα παισὶ θεῶν. S. above bα the παῖδες θεῶν. Cp. also Herm. Wr. 13, 2 ὁ γεννώμενος θεοῦ θεὸς παῖς; 13, 4; 14; Rtzst., Poim. 223f.—Celsus 7, 9) παῖς αὐτοῦ ὁ μονογενὴς Ἰησοῦς Χρ. MPol 20:2. God as ὁ τοῦ ἀγαπητοῦ κ. εὐλογητοῦ παιδὸς Ἰησοῦ Χρ. πατήρ 14:1. Corresp. Christ as God’s ἀγαπητὸς παῖς 14:3; Dg 8:11. The same is true of the other pass. in Dg: 8:9; 9:1.—In the case of the rest of the pass. it is hardly poss. to decide which mng. is better: Ac 3:13, 26; 4:27, 30 (unless the παῖς σου your servant of 4:25 should demand the same transl. for the other pass. as well; JMénard, CBQ 19, ’57, 83–92 [Acts]); 1 Cl 59:2–4 (in wordplay w. παιδεύω; but here the word ἠγαπημένος repeated in vss. 2 and 3 [cp. the magical pap of c. 300 A.D. in TSchermann, TU 34, 2b, 1909, 3: Christ as ἠγαπημένος παῖς] could suggest the transl. son).—WBousset, Kyrios Christos² 1921, 56f; AvHarnack, Die Bezeichnung Jesu als ‘Knecht Gottes’ u. ihre Geschichte in d. alten Kirche: SBBerlAk 1926, 212–38; Jeremias, ZNW 34, ’35, 115–23; KEuler, D. Verkündigung v. leidenden Gottesknecht aus Jes 53 in d. griech. Bibel ’34; PSeidelin, D. ˓Ebed J. u. d. Messiasgestalt im Jesajatargum: ZNW 35, ’36, 194–231; HWolff, Jes 53 im Urchristent. ’50²; EMcDowell, Son of Man and Suffering Servant ’44; ELohmeyer, Gottesknecht u. Davidssohn ’45, esp. 2–8; TNicklin, Gospel Gleanings ’50, 268f; OCullmann, Dieu Vivant 16, ’50, 17–34; HHegermann, Jes 53 in Field, Hexapla, Targum u. Peschitta ’54; ELohse, Märtyrer u. Gottesknecht ’55; WGrundmann, Sohn Gottes: ZNW 47, ’56, 113–33; OCullmann, Die Christologie des NT ’57; JPrice, Interpretation 12, ’58, 28–38 (Synoptics); MHooker, Jesus and the Servant ’59; BvanIersel, ‘D. Sohn’ in d. synopt. Jesusworten, ’61, 52–65 (bibliog.); HOrlinsky, The So-called Suffering Servant in Isaiah 53, ’64 (s. review in CBQ 27, ’66, 147); EKränkl, Jesus der Knecht Gottes, ’72 (Acts); FDanker, Proclamation Comm.: Luke ’87, 82–86. WZimmerli/JJeremias, The Servant of God (tr. HKnight), ’65=Studies in Bibl. Theol. 20.—B. 87f. Schmidt, Syn. II 422–31. DELG. M-M. EDNT. TW. Sv.

περιφέρω aor. ptc. fem. acc. sg. περιενέγκασαν 2 Macc 7:27 carry about, carry here and there

ⓐ lit., w. acc. (Eur., Pla. et al.; Plut., Mor. 331c; SIG 1169, 65f, a spearhead in the face; Josh 24:33a; 2 Macc 7:27; TestSol; Ar. 5:3; Tat.) the sick Mk 6:55. τὰ δεσμά the chains IEph 11:2; cp. IMg 1:2; ITr 12:2. τὴν νέκρωσιν τοῦ Ἰησοῦ ἐν τῷ σώματι π. 2 Cor 4:10 (s. νέκρωσις 1).

ⓑ fig. (Epict. 2, 8, 12 θεὸν π.=carry God about within oneself; 2, 16, 33; TestSol 12:3 C οἴησιν (‘opinion’) περιφερόμενοι; Philo, Omnis Prob. Lib. 117 τὴν ἀρετήν; POxy 1664, 7 a dear person in one’s heart) τὸ ὄνομα carry the name (of Christ, or of a Christian) about (prob. as wandering preachers) IEph 7:1. The pass., in vivid imagery (Jos., Ant. 19, 46 διὰ λογισμῶν περιφερόμενος) περιφερόμενοι παντὶ ἀνέμῳ τῆς διδασκαλίας carried here and there by (any and) every wind of doctrine Eph 4:14 (or does περιφέρεσθαι mean turn around here, and is the idea of a weathervane in the background?); cp. Hb 13:9 v.l.—M-M.