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101 ἰδιοπεριόριστος
ἰδῐο-περιόριστος, ον,Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἰδιοπεριόριστος
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102 Ἰωνικός
A shoe, Herod.7.59; esp. with the connotation, effeminate, Ar. Pax46, Pl.Com.69.14, etc. Adv. - κῶς in the Ionic fashion, i.e. softly, effeminately, Ar.Th. 163.2 Ἰ. μέτρον, συζυγία, Ionic, defined in Heph.11, cf. D.H.Comp.4, etc.;πούς Heph.1.9
, cf. Aristid.Quint.1.15: -κά, τά, poem in this style, Ath.14.620e. Adv. -κῶς,, prob. in D.H.Dem.43.3 Ἰ. ἔθος, of the Ionic dialect, A.D.Pron.74.9. Adv. - κῶς Sch.Porph.Abst.2.36: [comp] Comp.- ώτερον A.D.Adv.135.1
.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > Ἰωνικός
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103 ὁμόνοια
ὁμό-νοια, ἡ,A oneness of mind, unanimity, concord, Democr.250, Th.8.93, And.1.140, Lys.18.17, etc. ; τὴν πρὸς ἡμᾶς ὁ. Decr. ap. D. 18.164 ;τὴν πρὸς ἀλλήλους Men.584
, cf. 809, Zeno Stoic.1.61 ; defined as ἐπιστήμη κοινῶν ἀγαθῶν, Stoic.3.160.3 = ἀργεμώνη, Ps.-Dsc.2.177.II personified, A.R.2.718, Paus.5.14.9, IG3.2239, etc.2 = Lat. Concordia, Plu.Cam.42, App.BC1.26, D.C.44.4, al.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ὁμόνοια
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104 ὁρίζω
A , ([etym.] δι-) Isoc. 4.174 : [tense] aor. , Pl.Lg. 864e ; [dialect] Ion.οὔρισα Hdt.3.142
: [tense] pf.ὥρικα D.26.24
, Arist.Mete. 382a19 :—[voice] Med., [tense] fut. , Lg. 737d: [tense] aor. , Epicr.11.18, etc.:—[voice] Pass., [tense] fut.ὁρισθήσομαι Pl.Tht. 158d
: [tense] aor. : [tense] pf.ὥρισμαι Th.1.71
, Pl.Smp. 182a, etc.; but in med. sense, E.Hec. 801, D.31.5 : ([etym.] ὅρος):— divide or separate from, as a border or boundary, c.acc. et dat., : c. acc. et gen., S.Ph. 636 :—[voice] Pass.,θύρᾳ βαλανωτῇ ὡρισμένην ἀπὸ τῆς ἀνδρωνίτιδος X.Oec. 9.5
; orb with two accs. joined by καί, separate,[λίμνη] οὐρίζει τήν τε Σκυθικὴν καὶ τὴν Νευρίδα γῆν Hdt.4.51
, cf. 56,7.123, Arist.HA 501b16, OGI335.112 (Pergam., ii B. C.), Lyc.1289, etc.;ἐὰν.. κύκλος.. ὁρίζῃ τό τε ἀφανὲς καὶ τὸ φανερὸν ἡμισφαίριον Autol.Sph.4
: henceὁρίζων κύκλος Id.1.1
; v. ὁρίζων.2 bound,τὴν ἀρχὴν ὥριζεν αὐτῷ ἡ Ἐρυθρὰ θάλαττα X.Cyr.8.6.21
;τὰ δὲ πρὸς Τριβαλλοὺς.. Τρῆρες ὥριζον Th.2.96
; of a line (or surface) as limiting a surface (or solid), Arist. Metaph. 1017b17:—[voice] Pass., : metaph., ὡρίσθω μέχρι τοῦδε so far let it go and no further, Th.1.71.4 part, divide,χειμὼν ἄλλοσ' ἄλλον ὥρισεν Id.Hel. 128
; ὁ. τινὰ ἀπὸ.. banish one from.., Id.Hec. 941 (lyr.):—[voice] Pass., ματρὸς ἐκ χερῶν ὁ. depart from.., Id. Ion 1459(lyr.), but very dub. in Ar.Ec. 202; cf. ἐξορίζω (A) 11, 111.II mark out by boundaries, mark out, , cf. 6.108, S.Tr. 754, E.Hel. 1670, IG12.76.54, 42(1).76.19 ([voice] Pass., Epid., ii B.C.), etc.; v. infr. IV. 1: metaph., ὁ. τι ἔς τι limit one thing according to another, Th.3.82.III ordain, determine, lay down, αἶσα τόνδε σοὐρίζει (i.e. σοι ὁρίζει) ( σοι πορίζει M1, σ' ὁ. M2) ;ἡμῖν ὥρισεν σωτηρίαν E.IT 979
;ἐς τήνδε παῖδα ψῆφον ὥρισαν φόνου Id.Hec. 259
;ἡ Δίκη.. ἐν ἀνθρώποισιν ὥρισεν νόμους S.Ant. 452
;[τὸν χρόνον] ὁ νόμος ὁ. Pl.Lg. 864e
;ἀριθμὸς ὁ ὁρίζων τὸ πολὺ καὶ τὸ ὀλίγον X.An.7.7.36
;τὸ δοῦλον γένος πρὸς τὴν ἐλάσσω μοῖραν ὥρισεν θεός E.Fr. 218
;ὁρίσατέ μοι μέχρι πόσων ἐτῶν δεῖ νομίζειν νέους X.Mem.1.2.35
: c. inf.,ἄνακτες ὥρισαν.. θανεῖν ἐμὴν δέσποιναν οὐ ψήφῳ μιᾷ E. Ion 1222
, cf. S.Fr.24 ; ὁ. τινὰ θεόν determine one to be a god, deify, AP12.158.7 (Mel.) ;ὁ. θάνατον εἶναι τὴν ζημίαν Lycurg.65
, cf. Din.1.61 ([voice] Med.) ;θάνατον ὡρικέναι τὴν ζημίαν D.26.24
:—[voice] Pass.,ὧραι ἑκάστοις εἰσὶν ὡρισμέναι Arist.HA 542a19
, etc.; ἐπί τισι ὡρισμένοις on certain definite terms (cf. ῥητός), Id.Pol. 1285b22 ; ἀρχαὶ ἀριθμῷ ὡρισμέναι limited, definite, opp. ἄπειροι, Id.Metaph. 1002b18 ;τόποι ὡ. Id.Cael. 273
a14 ;τὸ ὡρισμένον Id.Mete. 369b29
.2 define a thing, Pl.Chrm. 171a ([voice] Pass.), X.Mem.4.6.4, al.: more freq. in [voice] Med. than [voice] Act., v. infr. IV. 3.IV [voice] Med., mark out for oneself, τίνα ὅρον ὁρίζῃ what criterion do you assign, Pl.Grg. 470b ; στήλας ὁ. set up stones as boundary marks, X.An.7.5.13 ;ὁ. χθόνα
take possession of, take to oneself,A.
Supp. 256 ;γαῖα.. ἣν Πέλοψ ὁρίζεται E.Fr. 696
;ὁ. ἑαυτῷ μέρος τῆς οὐσίας Lys.17.6
: with inf. added,ἱερὸν ὡρίσαντ' ἔχειν E.IT 969
; set up,S.
Tr. 237 (just like ὁρίζειν ib. 754) ; v. ὕπαστρος.2 determine for oneself, get or have a thing determined,ἃ ὡρίσω σὺ δίκαια D.19.241
, cf. v.l. in Lys.2.19 : c. acc. et inf., αὐτὸν πολεμεῖν ὁρίζομαι I lay it down that.., D.9.19 ; τί ποτ' ἄρ' ὡρίσαντο καὶ τίνος γένους εἶναι τὸ φυτόν; Epicr.11.18.3 define a thing,τὴν ἡδονὴν ἀγαθὸν ὁ. Pl.R. 505c
, cf.Sph. 246b ;ὁ. τὰς ἀρετὰς ἀπαθείας τινάς Arist.EN 1104b24
, al. ;ἡδονῇ τε καὶ ἀγαθῷ ὁ. τὸ καλόν Pl.Grg. 475a
;τὸ ζῆν ὁ. δυνάμει αἰσθήσεως Arist.EN 1170a16
, al.: c. acc. et inf.,ὁ. δικαίους εἶναι τοὺς εἰδότας κτλ. X.Mem.4.6.6
, cf. Pl.Tht. 190e, etc.:— [voice] Pass., to be defined,[ἡ αἰδὼς] ὁρίζεται φόβος τις ἀδοξίας Arist.EN 1128b11
; οἷς αἱ φιλίαι ὁρίζονται ib. 1166a2 ;τὸ ὁριζόμενον Id.Top. 141b24
, al.V intr., border upon, .VI as [dialect] Att. law-term, δισχιλίων ὡρισμένος τὴν οἰκίαν having the house marked with ὅροι (cf. ὅρος II) to secure a claim on it for 2, 000 drachmas, D.31.5 ; soχωρίον ὡρισμένον Poll.9.9
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105 ὄρουσις
Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ὄρουσις
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106 ὅρος
Aὄρβος 700.1
); Cret. and Arg. [full] ὦρος SIG685.59, Mnemos.42.332 ; Heracl. [full] ὄρος Tab.Heracl.1.53, al., cf. ἄντορος; [dialect] Ion. [full] οὖρος GDI5518 and 5493b25, Democr.4, Hdt. (v. infr.) (also Theraean IG12(3).436); Megarian [full] ὄρρος (?) Berl.Sitzb.1888.885, cf. ὁμορέω: ὁ:—boundary, landmark,ἀμφ' οὔροισι δύ' ἀνέρε δηριάασθον Il.12.421
;λίθον.., τόν ῥ' ἄνδρες πρότεροι θέσαν ἔμμεναι οὖρον ἀρούρης 21.405
;ἐγὼ δὲ τούτων ὥσπερ ἐν μεταιχμίῳ ὅ. κατέστην Sol.
ap. Arist.Ath.12.5 : the regions separated by the boundary are usu. in gen., , etc.: in dat., (lyr.): with a single gen.,ῥεῖθρον ἠπείροιν ὅρον A.Pr. 790
; γάμου ὅ. the time within which one may marry, Pl.Lg. 785b ; οἱ ὅ. τῶν διαστημάτων the notes which limit the intervals in the musical scale, Id.Phlb. 17d, cf. Aristox. Harm.pp.49,56 M. ;ὅροι τρεῖς ἁρμονίας.., νεάτης τε καὶ ὑπάτης καὶ μέσης Pl.R. 443d
; ἐς ἑβδομήκοντα ἔτεα οὖρον τῆς ζόης ἀνθρώπῳ προτίθημι I set the limit of human life at seventy years, Hdt.1.32, cf. 74, 216;ζωᾶς ὅρον ἡμετέρας B.5.144
: abs., εἰς τὸν τόπον.., ἐν οἷς ἂν.. ὅρους θῶνται τῶν ὠνίων wherever (they) appoint fixed places for trading, Pl.Lg. 849e; decision of a magistrate,ὅρον δώσω PThead.15.20
(iii A.D.); soὅρον προσγράψαι D.23.40
;ὅρους τοῖς βαρβάροις πήξαντες Lycurg.73
;εἷς ὅρος παγήσεται Th.4.92
;τὸν ὅρον ὑπερβάντες Pl.R. 373d
, etc.: also in pl., bounds, boundaries,ἐν οὔροισι χώρης Hdt.4.52
, cf. 125;τοὺς Αἰγυπτίων οὔρους Id.2.17
;ὑπὸ Κυλλάνας ὅροις Pi.O.6.77
;γῆς ἐπ' ἐσχάτοις ὅροις A.Pr. 666
;τὸ ἀκόντιον ἔξω τῶν ὅ. τῆς αὑτοῦ πορείας.. ἐξενεχθὲν ἔτρωσεν αὐτόν Antipho 3.2.4
;ἐντὸς ὅρων Ἡρακλείων Pl.Ti. 25c
.2 metaph.,ὅροι θεσπεσίας ὁδοῦ A.Ag. 1154
(lyr.); θῆλυς ὅ. the boundary of a woman's mind, v. ἐπινέμω 11.3.b pillar (whether inscribed or not, cf. Harp.) set up on mortgaged property, to serve as a bond or register of the debt, Sol.36 ;ὅπως.. ὅροι τεθεῖεν Is.6.36
: with gen. of the amount, τίθησιν ὅρους ἐπὶ μὲν τὴν οἰκίαν δισχιλίων (sc. δραχμῶν),ἐπὶ δὲ τὸ χωρίον ταλάντου D.31.1
, cf. 25.69 ;δανείζειν τοὺς ἱερέας.. ἐπὶ χωρίῳ.. καὶ ὅρον ἐφιστάναι IG22.1183.29
, cf. D. 41.6, Thphr.Char.10.9 : specimens are IG12(7).412 ([place name] Amorgos), 22.2642,al.c boundary-stone marking the limits of temple-lands, ὅ. τοῦ ἱεροῦ ib.12.858, cf. 860,22.2597, al.; ὅρος· μὴ τοιχοδομεῖν ἐντὸς τῶν ὅρων ἰδιώτην ib.7.422 (Orop.), cf. 1785 (Thesp.), etc. ; ὅ. κρήνης, λεσχέων δημοσίων, ὁδοῦ, etc., ib.12.874,888,877, etc. ; similarly, ὅ. σήματος ib.903, al., 22.2568, al.; ὅ. μνημάτων ib.12.906; ὅ. μνήματος ib.22.2527, al.; ὅ. θήκης ib.2586, al.III standard, measure, ἢν δ' ἄγαν δοκῶ χρονίζειν.. Answ. τοῦδ' ὅ. τίς ἐστί μοι; E.IT 1219 ;ὅροι τῶν ἀγαθῶν καὶ κανόνες D.18.296
; rule, canon,εἷς ὅρος, μία βροτοῖσίν ἐστιν εὐτυχίας ὁδός B.Fr.7
;ὅρον πολιτείας ὁλιγαρχικῆς ταξάμενοι πλῆθος χρημάτων Pl.R. 551a
;ἀριστοκρατίας ὅρος ἀρετή, ὀλιγαρχίας πλοῦτος Arist.Pol. 1294a10
;ὁμολογίᾳ θέμενοι ὅρον, εἰς τοῦτο ἀποβλέποντες καὶ ἀναφέροντες τὴν σκέψιν ποιώμεθα Pl.Phdr. 237d
: hence, end, aim,ἕν' ὅ. θέμενος παντὶ τρόπῳ μ' ἀνελεῖν D.21.105
.IV in Logic, term of a proposition (whether subject or predicate), Arist.APr. 24b16, Cael. 282a1, al. ; ὅ. μέσος the middle term, Id.EN 1142b24, cf. APr. 25b33 sq.: hence,b definition,ἔστι ὅ. λόγος ὁ τὸ τί ἦν εἶναι σημαίνων Id.Top. 101b39
, cf. 139a24, al. ; defined asἡ τοῦ ἰδίου ἀπόδοσις Chrysipp.Stoic.2.75
: in pl., title of pseudo-Platonic work.3 pl., terms, conditions,συνθέσθαι πρός τινα ἐπὶ ὅροις, ὥστε.. CPR19.8
(iv A.D.).4 Astrol., οἱ τρεῖς ὅ. the three terms, used in various calculations, Vett. Val.304.1, al. (Spir. lenis in some dialects which have not lost spir. asper is inferred from absence of a sign for h in Corc. ὄρϝος, Arg.ὦρος, Heracl. ὄρος, cf. ἄντορος.) -
107 ὑγρός
A , etc.: [comp] Sup.- ότατος X.Eq.7.7
, etc.:—wet, moist, fluid (opp. ξηρός) , ὑγρὸν ἔλαιον, i. e. olive-oil, opp. fat or tallow, Il.23.281, Od.6.79; ὑ. πίσσα, νᾶπυ, raw pitch, liquid mustard, SIG1171.14 (Lebena, i B. C.), IG42(1).126.22 (Epid., ii A. D.); τὸ ὑ. ξύλον, opp. τὸ ξηρόν, Ev.Luc.23.31;ὑγρὸν ὕδωρ Od.4.458
; ἄνεμοι ὑγρὸν ἀέντες winds blowing moist or rainy, 5.478, 19.440, Hes.Op. 625, Th. 869; ὑ. ἅλς, πέλαγος, θάλασσα, Pi.O. 7.69. P.4.40, A.Supp. 259; ὑγρὰ νύξ a wet night, Pl.Criti. 112a; ἐφ' ὑγροῖς ζωγραφεῖν paint on a wet ground, Plu.2.759c.2 ὑγρά, [dialect] Ion. ὑγρή, ἡ, the moist, i.e. the sea,ἐπὶ τραφερήν τε καὶ ὑγρήν Il.14.308
; , Od.1.97; ;πουλὺν ἐφ' ὑγρήν Il.10.27
; so ὑγρὰ κέλευθα the watery ways, i. e. the sea, 1.312, Od.3.71.3 τὸ ὑ. andτὰ ὑ.
wet, moisture,Hdt.
1.142, Hp.Loc.Hom.9, Liqu. tit.; Liquid, Hdt.4.172;γῆ ὑγρῷ φυραθεῖσα Pl.Tht. 147c
; ἐξερρύα συχνὸν ὑγρόν a quantity of fluid, IG42(1).122.4 (Epid., iv B. C.); μετρεῖν τὰ ὑγρά liquids, ib.22.1013.10;ἐπὶ ὑγροῖς οὐκ ἐξὸν δανείζειν PGnom. 232
(ii A. D.).4 μέτρα ὑγρὰ καὶ ξηρά liquid and dry measure, Pl.Lg. 746e.5 θῆρες ὑ. water-animals, opp. πεζοί, AP9.18 (Germ.);οἱ ὄρνιθες οἱ ὑ. Philostr. Im.1.9
; ὑ. ἀοιδός, of a frog, AP6.43 ([place name] Plato).6 of the bowels or faeces, loose, Hp.Aph.2.20, Arist.HA 617a1.7 ὑ. σφυγμός a damp pulse, defined by Gal.19.405.II soft, pliant, supple, of the eagle's back, Pi.P.1.9; of the limbs and body,ὑγραῖς ἐν ἀγκάλαις E. Fr. 941
, cf. Babr.34.7; ὑγρὸς τὸ εἶδος, of Ἔρως, Pl.Smp. 196a; νεώτερος καὶ ὑγρότερος, opp. σκληρός, Id.Tht. 162b;χορῷ.. ἔτερπον κέαρ ὑγροῖσι ποσσί B.16.108
;ὑ. ὀρχηστής Poll.4.96
, cf. Arist.PA 655a24 ([comp] Comp.); ὑγρὰ ἔχειν τὰ σκέλη, of a horse, X.Eq.1.6; of a horse's neck, Id.Cyn.4.1 (so in Adv. of colts, γόνατα ὑγρῶς κάμπτειν, ὑγρῶς τοῖς σκέλεσι χρῆσθαι, Id.Eq.1.6, 10.15); of the hare, Id.Cyn.5.31; of the jackal,ταχυτῆτι διαφέρει διὰ τὸ ὑγρὸς εἶναι καὶ πηδᾷ πόρρω Arist. HA 580a30
; also of plants,ὑ. ἄκανθος Theoc.1.55
;ὑ. χολάδες Babr. 1.10
; σῶμα ὑγρὸν κείμενον lying in an easy position, Hp.Prog.3;ὑγρὸν χύτλασον σεαυτόν Ar.V. 1213
; κέρας ὑ., of a bow, Theoc.25.206.2 languid, feeble, of one dying,ἐς ὑγρὸν ἀγκῶνα.. παρθένῳ προσπτύσσεται S.Ant. 1236
;κἀπιθεὶς ὑγρὰν χέρα E.Ph. 1439
.4 moist with wine, tipsy,ὑγρὴν τὴν ψυχὴν ἔχειν Heraclit.117
;ἡ διάνοια ὑ. γεγενημένη Plu. 2.713a
;οἰνοβαρὴς.. ὑγρὸν ἀείδων, οὐ μάλα νγφάλιον κλάζων μέλος Opp. H.2.412
.5 of the eyes, melting, languishing,ὑ. βλέμμα Anacreont. 15.21
; (Antip. Sid.);ἐπ' ὄμμασιν ὑγρὰ δεδορκώς APl.4.306
(Leon.);τῶν ὀφθαλμῶν τὸ ὑ. ἅμα τῷ φαιδρῷ Luc.Im.6
; also πόθος ὑ. a languishing, longing desire, h.Pan.33. Adv.,ὑγρῶς βλέπειν Philostr.Ep.33
: [comp] Sup.,ὑγρότατα καὶ πένθιμα μελῳδεῖν App.BC1.106
.6 of language, smoothly flowing, D.H.Dem. 20.7 metaph. of persons or their tempers, facile, pliant, easy,ὑγρός τις καὶ δημοτικός Plu.Mar.28
;κόλαξ ὑγρὸς ὢν μεταβάλλεσθαι Id.2.51c
; τὸ Κίμωνος ὑ. his easy temper, Id.Per.5; pleasure-loving, Hsch.; ὑγρότατος ἐς ταῦτα prone to.., App.BC5.8;ὑ. τῷ γελοίῳ Plu. Brut.29
([comp] Comp.).b soft, dainty, luxurious, voluptuous, Id.2.751a;ὑ. πρὸς τὴν δίαιταν Id.Sol.3
;βίου.., ὃν πάντες εἰώθασιν ὀνομάζειν ὑγρόν Alex.203
; cf.ὑγρότης 11.2
.8 of the vowels α ι υ, sometimes long and sometimes short, S.E.M.1.100.III Adv. ὑγρῶς, v. supr. 11.1 and 5; also ὑγρότερον δαπανᾶν spend more freely, Phld. Oec.p.73J. -
108 ὑποτροπή
ὑποτροπ-ή, ἡ,A a turning back, repulse, Plu. Alex.32.II relapse, recurrence, Id.2.565d;τῶν ἔμπροσθεν νοσημάτων Id.Luc.7
; cf.Hp. ap. Gal.19.150 (defined as οὐ μόνον ἡ ὑποστροφὴ ἀλλὰ καὶ ἡ ἐναλλὰξ μεταβολή).Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ὑποτροπή
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109 ὕλη
A forest, woodland, Il.11.155, Od.17.316, Ep.Jac.3.5, etc.;γῆν.. δασέαν ὕλῃ παντοίῃ Hdt.4.21
;ἀπ' ὕλης ἀγρίης ζώειν Id.1.203
; ὕλα ἀεργός virgin forest, Berl.Sitzb.1927.167 ([place name] Cyrene); τὰ δένδρα καὶ ὕλη fruit-trees and forest-trees, Th.4.69 (cf. δένδρον); not only of forest-trees, but also of copse, brushwood, undergrowth (cf. ὕλημα), directly opp. to timber-trees, X.An.1.5.1, Oec.16.13, 17.12, PSI6.577.8 (iii B. C.), Sor.1.40: also in pl., h.Cer. 386, Hecat.291 J., Mosch.3.88, Plb. 5.7.10, D.S.3.48, D.H.Th.6, Str.5.1.12, 15.1.60, Plu.Pyrrh.25, Cat. Ma.21, Comp.Cim.Luc.3, Luc.Prom.12, Sacr.10, Am.12, Babr.12.2, al., Nonn.D.3.69, 252, 16.91, 36.70, etc.II wood cut down, Od.5.257 (cf. III); firewood, fuel, Il.7.418, 23.50, 111, al., Od.9.234, Hdt.4.164,6.80; brushwood, Id.7.36, Th.2.75, etc.; timber,ὕ. ναυπηγησίμη Pl.Lg. 705c
;ναυπηγήσιμος καὶ οἰκοδομική Thphr.HP5.7.1
, cf. IG42(1).102.50 (Epid., iv B. C.); also, twigs for birds' nests, Arist.HA 559a2.III the stuff of which a thing is made, material, (perh. so of wood), Od.5.257; rarely of other material, as metal,οἱ παρ' ἄκμονι.. ὕλην ἄψυχον δημιουργοῦντες Plu.2.802b
(cf. S.Fr. 844, but ὕλη is Plutarch's word): generally, materials, PMasp.151.91 (vi A. D.).2 in Philosophy, matter, first in Arist. (Ti.Locr.93b, al. is later); defined as τὸ ὑποκείμενον γενέσεως καὶ φθορᾶς δεκτικόν, GC320a2; as τὸ ἐζ οὗ γίγνεται, Metaph.1032a17; οὐσία ἥ τε ὕ. καὶ τὸ εἶδος καὶ τὸ ἐκ τούτων ib.1035a2; opp. as δυνάμει τόδε τι to τόδε τι ἐνεργεία, ib. 1042a27; opp. ἐντελέχεια, ib.1038b6: in later philosoph. writers, mostly opp. to the intelligent and formative principle ([etym.] νοῦς), Procl. Inst.72, etc.;ὕ. τῶν ἀριθμῶν Iamb.Comm.Math.4
.3 matter for a poem or treatise, ὕ. τραγική, ποιητικαὶ ὗλαι, Plb.2.16.14, Longin. 13.4, cf. 43.1, Vett.Val.172.1, etc.; ἡ ὑποκειμένη ὕ. the subject-matter, Arist.EN 1094b12, cf. Phld.Rh.2.124 S.4 ὕ. ἰατρική materia medica, Dsc.tit.; so ὕλη alone, materia medica, Id.1 Prooem., Gal. 17(2).181; ὗλαι τῆς τέχνης ibid., cf. 6.77, Sor.1.83, 110, 2.15,28;ἡ ὕ. τῶν ὁπλομαχικῶν ἐνεργειῶν Gal.6.157
.b ἡ μέση ὕλη the middle range of diet, Sor.1.46, 2.15;τροφιμωτέρα ὕλη Id.1.95
, cf. 36.5 pl., material resources,βασιλικαὶ ὗλαι Ph.1.640
.IV sediment, Ar.Fr. 879, cf. Sch.Ar.Pl. 1086, 1088 (hence ὑλίζω ([etym.] ἀφ-, δι-), ὑλώδης 11
); mud, slime, UPZ70.9 (ii B. C.); ὕλῃ, ὕλει, and ἰλυῖ are cj. for ὕδει in Thgn.961.2 matter excreted from the human body, Sor.1.22,23,25, al.;ἡ ὕ. τῶν ἐμπυημάτων Gal.18(2).256
; phlegm, catarrh, PMed. in Arch.Pap.4.270 (iii A. D.). -
110 ῥόμβος
A bull-roarer, instrument whirled round on the end of a string, used in the mysteries, , cf. Archyt.1, Theoc.2.30; as a boy's toy, AP6.309 (Leon.), Orph.Fr.31.29, Fr.34, M.Ant.5.36; defined as ξυλήφιον, οὗ ἐξῆπται τὸ σπαρτίον, καὶ ἐν ταῖς τελεταῖς ἐδονεῖτο, ἵνα ῥοιζῇ, Sch.Clem.Al.Protr.2.17.2, cf. Hsch.2 magic wheel, spun alternately in each direction by the torsion of two cords passed through two holes in it, used as a love-charm, Luc.DMeretr. 4.5; called ἴυγξ in Theoc.2.17, AP5.204; Lat. rhombus, Prop.2.28.35, Ov.Am.1.8.7.b τροχίσκος ὃν στρέφουσιν ἱμᾶσι τύπτοντες, καὶ οὕτως κτύπον ἀποτελοῦσι Sch.A.R.1.1134; ὦ ῥύμβε μαστίξας ἐμέ (dub. sens.) Eup.72.3 tambourine or kettle-drum, used in the worship of Rhea and of Dionysus, Ar.Fr. 303, Diog.Ath.1.3, A.R. 1.1139, AP6.165 (Phal.);ῥύμβος ξύλινος ἐπίχρυσος IG22.1456.49
, cf. 1517.207.4 membrum virile, PLond.1821.164.II whirling motion, as of a bull-roarer, ἀκόντων ἱέντα ῥόμβον shooting forth whirling darts, Pi.O.13.94; αἰετοῦ ῥ. the eagle's swoop, Id.I.4(3).47(65);ῥ. τυπάνων Id.Dith.Oxy. 1604
Fr. 1 ii 9;ἐν αἰθερίῳ ῥύμβῳ Critias 19.2D.
; ῥόμβου ἀπειρεσίου δινεύμασιν οἶμον ἐλαύνων, of the Sun, Orph.H. 8.7: metaph.,Νέμεσις καὶ ῥ. ἀλάστωρ IG14.1389i
i34 (perh. an Adj., = ῥεμβός).—The Gramm. hold ῥύμβος to be [dialect] Att., ῥόμβος Hellenic, Sch.Theoc.2.30, Ath.7.330b.B rhombus, lozenge, i.e. a four-sided figure with all the sides, but only the opposite angles, equal, Arist.Mech. 854b16, Euc.1 Def. 22.b ῥ. στερεός, a figure composed of two cones on opposite sides of the same base, Archim.Sph.Cyl.1.26, al.2 a species of fish, of which turbot and brill are varieties, so called from its rhomblike shape, Nausicr.2.13; Ῥωμαῖοι καλοῦσι τὴν ψῆτταν ῥ. Ath.7.330b, cf. ψῆττα. -
111 ῥυθμός
I measured motion, time, whether in sound or motion, Democr.15c; = ἡ τῆς κινήσεως τάξις, Pl.Lg. 665a, cf. 672e;ὁ ῥ. ἐκ τοῦ ταχέος καὶ βραδέος, ἐκ διενηνεγμένων πρότερον, ὕστερον δὲ ὁμολογησάντων γέγονε Id.Smp. 187b
, cf. Suid. s.v.; rhythm, opp. μέτρον and ἁρμονία, Ar. Nu. 638 sq., Pl.R. 397b, 398d, 601a, Arist.Rh. 1403b31;λόγοι μετὰ μουσικῆς καὶ ῥυθμῶν πεποιημένοι Isoc.15.46
; of Prose rhythm, Arist.Rh. 1408b29, D.H.Comp.17: defined by Aristox.Rhyth.1, Aristid.Quint.1.13.2 special phrases: ἐν ῥυθμῷ in time, of dancing, marching, etc.,βαίνειν ἐν ῥ. Pl.Lg. 670b
, cf. X.An.5.4.14;ὀρχεῖσθαι Id.Cyr.1.3.10
; ἐν τῷ ῥ. ἀναπνεῖν respire regularly, Arist.Pr. 882b1; soσωζόμενος ῥ. A.Ch. 797
(lyr.);μετὰ ῥυθμοῦ βαίνοντες Th.5.70
; ῥυθμὸν χορείας ὑπάγειν keep time, Ar.Th. 956 (lyr.); θάττονα ῥυθμὸν ἐπάγειν play in quicker time, X.Smp.2.22;πυρριχίῳ δρόμῳ καὶ ῥυθμῷ Hdn.4.2.9
, cf. Plb.4.20.6: pl., paces, Alcid.Soph. 17.II measure, proportion or symmetry of parts, at rest as well as in motion, κατὰ τὸν αὐτὸν ῥ. Pl.Lg. 728e.III generally, proportion, arrangement, order,ῥυθμῷ τινι E.Cyc. 398
(codd., but θ' ἑνὶ is prob.); οὐκ ἀπὸ ῥυσμοῦ εἰκάζω not without reason, Call. Epigr.44.5.IV state or condition of anything, temper, disposition, Thgn.964 (coupled with ὀργή and τρόπος); οἷος ῥυσμὸς ἀνθρώπους ἔχει Archil.66.7
; ; μένει.. χρῆμ' οὐδὲν ἐν ταὐτῷ ῥ. Eup.356.V form, shape of a thing, Democr.5i; identified by Arist. with σχῆμα, Metaph. 985b16, 1042b14; μετέβαλον τὸν ῥ. τῶν γραμμάτων changed the form or shape of the letters, Hdt.5.58; of Chian boots, Hp.Art.62; of the shape of a cup, Alex.59; of a breastplate, X.Mem.3.10.10; [ τοῦ θυσιαστηρίου] LXX 4 Ki.16.10;Αὐτονόας ῥ. ωὑτός Theoc.26.23
; so of the natural features of a country, D.P.271, 620; structure of a substance, κεγχροειδὲς τῷ ῥ., τῷ ῥ. σπογγῶδες, Dsc.5.77,118.VI manner, fashion of a thing,Ἕλλην ῥ. πέπλων E.Heracl. 130
; τίνι ῥ. φόνου; by what kind of slaughter? Id.El. 772, cf. Supp.94; ἐν τριγώνοις ῥυθμοῖς triangular- wise, A.Fr.78. [[pron. full] ῠ by nature, A.Ch. 797 (lyr.), E.Supp.94, etc.; [pron. full] ῡ by position in Thgn.964, etc.] -
112 ἄμφω
A Homeric dictionary (Greek-English) (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ομηρικό λεξικό) > ἄμφω
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113 ἄν
1. ἄν (1): modal adv., indicating a condition; essentially equivalent to κέν, and of less frequent occurrence. The use of ἄν is less exactly defined in Homer than in Attic Greek; besides the regular usages in Attic (viz. in conclusions expressed by the secondary tenses of the ind., and by the opt., or by the inf. representing these, and joined to εἰ or relative words, ἐάν, ὅταν, etc., in conditional clauses that take the subjunctive), Homer employs ἄν with the subj. in independent sentences, and κέ (rarely ἄν) with the fut. indicative. In final clauses the use of ἄν or κέ prevails, and is not uncommon even with the opt. in conditions. On the other hand the potential opt. occurs without ἄν (κέ) oftener than in Attic. The following examples will illustrate the most important of these peculiarities of usage:— (1) ἄν w. subj. in independent sentence, οὐκ ἄν τοι χραίσμῃ κίθαρις, ‘perchance the harp may avail thee not,’ Il. 3.54, cf. Il. 1.205.— (2) ἄν w. fut. ind., αὐτὸν δ' ἂν πύματόν με κύνες.. ἐρύουσι, ἐπεί κέ τις κτλ., ‘me like enough last of all will dogs drag about, after I am slain,” etc., Il. 22.66.— (3) ἄν w. opt. in final clause, σὺ δέ με προΐεις.. ὄφρ' ἂν ἑλοίμην δῶρα, Od. 24.334.— (4) ἄν w. opt. in condition, στεῦτο γὰρ εὐχόμενος νῖκήσεμεν, εἴπερ ἂν αὐταὶ | Μοῦσαι ἀείδοιεν, Il. 2.597.A Homeric dictionary (Greek-English) (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ομηρικό λεξικό) > ἄν
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114 διά
διά (cf. δύο): between, through, originally denoting severance.—I. adv. (here belong the examples of ‘tmesis’ so-called), διὰ δ' ἔπτατο πικρὸς ὀιστός, Il. 5.99; διά τ ἔτρεσαν ἄλλυδις ἄλλος (defined by ἄλλυδις ἄλλος), Il. 17.729 ; διὰ κτῆσιν δατέοντο, ‘between’ themselves, Il. 5.158 ; κλέος διὰ ξεῖνοι φορέουσιν, ‘abroad,’ Od. 19.333; freq. with an explanatory gen. in the same clause, thus preparing the way for the strict prepositional use, διὰ δ' ἧκε σιδήρου, Od. 21.328; διὰ δ αὐτοῦ πεῖρεν ὀδόντων, Il. 16.405; with another adv., διὰ δ' ἀμπερές, ‘through and through,’ Il. 11.377, etc.— II. prep., (1) w. gen., ( αἴγλη) δἰ αἰθέρος οὐρανὸν ἷκεν, Il. 2.458; διὰ νήσου ἰών, ‘along through,’ Od. 12.335 ; ὃ δ' ἔπρεπε καὶ διὰ πάντων, ‘among,’ ‘amid,’ Il. 12.104.— (2) w. acc., local (temporal) and causal; διὰ δώματα ποιπνύοντα, Il. 1.600; fig., μῦθον, ὃν οὔ κεν ἀνήρ γε διὰ στόμα πάμπαν ἄγοιτο, Il. 14.91; μή πως καὶ διὰ νύκτα καρηκομόωντες Ἀχαιοὶ | φεύγειν ὁρμήσωνται, ‘during’ the night, Il. 8.511 ; δἰ ἀτασθαλίᾶς ἔπαθον κακόν, ‘by reason of,’ Od. 23.67 ; καὶ νήεσσ' ἡγήσατ Ἀχαιῶν -Ἴλιον εἴσω | ἣν διὰ μαντοσύνην, ‘through,’ ‘by means of,’ Il. 1.72.—The first syllable of διά is lengthened at the beginning of some verses, Il. 3.357, Il. 4.135, Il. 7.251, Il. 11.435.A Homeric dictionary (Greek-English) (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ομηρικό λεξικό) > διά
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115 ἐν
ἐν, ἐνί, εἰν, εἰνί: in.—I. adv., in, therein, among them, Il. 5.740, etc.; esp. the form ἔνι, for ἔνεστι, ἔνεισι, πολέες δ' ἔνι μῦθοι, Il. 20.248. Here belong all examples of ‘tmesis’ so-called, ἐν δ' ἔπεσε, ‘fell on’ the throng, Il. 15.624. The adv. may be defined in its relation by a dative in the same clause, thus showing an approach to the true prepositional use, ἐν δέ τε θῦμὸς στήθεσιν ἄτρομός ἐστιν, in them, viz., in their breasts, Il. 16.162.—II. prep. w. dat., in, on, among; not only of place and persons, ἐν Δαναοῖσι, ἐν ἆθανάτοισι, ἐνὶ στρατῷ, ἐν πᾶσιν, Od. 2.194; but also of conditions, physical and mental, ἐν φιλότητι, ἐν πένθεϊ, ἐν δοιῇ, Il. 9.230. Of time, ὥρῃ ἐν εἰαρινῇ, Π , Od. 18.367; instead of a causal or an instrumental expression, ἐν ὀφθαλμοῖς ὁρᾶν, Il. 1.587, Il. 3.306, Od. 10.385; κατακτείνεσθαι ἀνδρῶν ἐν παλάμῃσιν, Ε , Il. 24.738, etc.; often with verbs of motion, the state of rest after motion taking the place of movement into, ἐν γούνασι πίπτειν, Il. 5.370; ἐν χερσὶ τιθέναι, etc.; elliptical, ἐνὶ Κίρκης, sc. ὄικῳ, Od. 10.282, esp. εἰν Ἀίδᾶο. When ἐνί follows its case, it is written ἔνι (‘anastrophe’), Il. 9.53.A Homeric dictionary (Greek-English) (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ομηρικό λεξικό) > ἐν
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116 μύλλος
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: name of a Pontic fish, which is also found in the Danube (Ar. Fr. 414, Ephipp., Gal., Ael.).Other forms: μύλος Opp.Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: As the fish cannot be further defined (s. Thompson Fishes s.v.), all explanations are in the air. The connection with the group of μέλας (lastly Strömberg Fischnamen 22; s. also W.-Hofmann s. mulleus) under the assumption, it is about the mullet, is therefore a pure hypothesis. -- Lat. LW [loanword] mullus.Page in Frisk: 2,270Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > μύλλος
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117 αἰσχρολογία
αἰσχρολογία, ας, ἡ (X. et al.; Polyb., Diod S, Plut., Epict.; POxy 410, 77) speech of a kind that is generally considered in poor taste, obscene speech, dirty talk (Aristot., EN 4, 8 [1128a], contrasts the preference for obscenity in older drama with the more refined taste of later times and argues that αἰ., obscenity, can be expected from those of servile nature but not from a cultured gentleman. Clem. Al., Paed. 2, 6, 52 αἰ. εἰκότως ἂν καλοῖτο ἡ περὶ τῶν τῆς κακίας ἔργων λογοποιία, οἷον τὸ περὶ μοιχείας διαλέγεσθαι ἢ παιδεραστίας = αἰ. might properly be defined as story-telling involving such unseemly deeds as adultery or pederasty. αἰσχρός=obscene: Ps.-Demetr. Eloc. 151). Obscene expressions would also be used to flavor derogatory remarks (s. Aristot. above); hence the rendering scurrilous talk (Polyb. 8, 11, 8; 31, 6, 4; BGU 909, 11f) is pertinent Col 3:8, esp. since βλασφημία (=‘defamation’, s. βλ. a) immediately precedes. The gener. sense dirty talk fits D 5:1, which could apply to ribald stories as well as scurrilous talk.—AWikenhauser, BZ 8, 1910, 270. DELG s.v. αἶσχος. M-M. Sv. -
118 βασιλεία
βασιλεία, ας, ἡ (Heraclit. Fgm. 52; Hdt.+) a term relating to royal administrationⓐ gener. kingship, royal power, royal rule (1 Km 15:28; 20:31; Sir 10:8; Jdth 1:1; Esth 3:6; 1 Macc 1:16 al. LXX; En 98:2; TestJob 33:9; Just., Tat., Ath.; οὐ βασιλείαν ἀλλὰ τυράνιδα Mel., P. 49, 354; Orig.) λαβεῖν ἑαυτῷ βασιλείαν obtain royal power (for oneself) Lk 19:12, 15; without dat. Rv 17:12 (cp. Jos., Ant. 13, 220); δοῦναί τινι τὴν β. vs. 17; ἔχειν β. ἐπί τινων vs. 18; ἐποίησεν ἡμᾶς βασιλείαν he gave us royal jurisdiction 1:6; cp. 5:10; royal rule Lk 1:33; 22:29; 23:42 v.l. (ἐν τῇ β. σου in your royal power); Ac 1:6; Hb 1:8 (Ps 44:7); 1 Cor 15:24 (παραδιδόναι as Diod S 1, 43, 6); B 4:4 (Da 7:24). Ps 95:10 (Justin, A I, 41, 4, D. 73: ὁ κύριος ἐβασίλευσεν ἀπὸ τ. ξύλου) is the basis for β. Ἰησοῦ ἐπὶ ξύλου the rule of Jesus on the cross B 8:5 (s. Windisch, Hdb. ad loc.).—Hb 11:33; 1 Cl 61:1.ⓑ esp. of God’s rule the royal reign of God (usually rendered ‘kingdom of God’, and oft. understood as royal realm but with dilution of the primary component of reigning activity), a chiefly eschatological concept, beginning to appear in the prophets, elaborated in apocalyptic passages (Mi 4:7f; Ps 102:19; 144:11–13; Wsd 6:4; 10:10; Da 3:54; 4:3; cp. SibOr 3:47f.—Diod S 5, 71, 1 Zeus takes over the βασιλεία from Cronus; Sextus 311 κοινωνεῖ βασιλείας θεοῦ σοφὸς ἀνήρ) and taught by Jesus. The expressions vary; β. τοῦ θεοῦ and τῶν οὐρανῶν have essentially the same mng., since Israelites used οὐρανός (-οί) as well as other circumlocutions for θεός (cp. Mt 19:23f; s. Bousset, Rel.3 314f); the latter term may also emphasize the heavenly origin and nature of the reign.—Dalman, Worte 75–119; JWeiss, D. Predigt Jesu v. Reiche Gottes2 1900, 1–35; ESellin, D. isr.-jüd. Heilandserwartung 1909, D. alt. Prophetismus 1912, 136ff; BDuhm, D. kommende RG 1910; SMowinckel, Psalmenstudien II 1922, 146ff; LDürr, Ursprung u. Ausbau d. isr. Heilandserwartung 1925; Bousset, Rel3 1926, 213ff; AvGall, βασιλεία τ. θεοῦ 1926; JWissing, Het begrip van het Koningrijk Gods, diss., Leiden 1927; HGressmann, Der Messias 1929; MBuber, Königtum Gottes ’32; PVolz, D. Eschatologie der jüd. Gemeinde im ntl. Zeitalter ’34; Ltzm., D. Weltheiland 1909; TManson, The Teaching of Jesus ’55, 116–284; SAalen, NTS 8, ’61/62, 215–40 (‘house’ or ‘community’ of God); GLadd, JBL 81, ’62, 230–38 (‘realm’); FNötscher, Vom A. zum NT ’62, 226–30 (ethical).α. β. τῶν οὐρανῶν mostly in Mt: 3:2; 4:17; 5:3, 10, 19f al.; otherw. (Did., Gen. 52, 11; 60, 28) J 3:5 v.l.; AcPl Ha 8, 31.β. β. τοῦ θεοῦ (cp. Orig., C. Cels. 3, 40, 21) Mt 6:33; 12:28; 21:31, 43; Mk 1:15; 4:11, 26, 30 al.; Lk 4:43; 6:20; 7:28; 8:1 al.; Ac 1:3; 8:12; 14:22; 19:8; 28:23, 31; J 3:3, 5; Ro 14:17 (defined as δικαιοσύνη, εἰρήνη, χαρά); 1 Cor 4:20 al.; Ox 1 verso, 7f; Dg 9:1; B 21:1; Pol 2:3; β. θεοῦ 1 Cor 6:10, cp. 9; 15:50; Gal 5:21; Pol 5:3; β. τοῦ Χριστοῦ καὶ θεοῦ Eph 5:5; τοῦ Χριστοῦ 1 Cl 50:3.γ. β. τοῦ πατρός Mt 13:43; 26:29.δ. β. αὐτοῦ (=τοῦ υἱοῦ τοῦ ἀνθρώπου) Mt 13:41; Lk 24:26 v.l.; cp. Col 1:13.ε. β. τοῦ πατρὸς ἡμῶν Δαυίδ Mk 11:10, since the Davidic kgdm. is to be reestablished under the Son of David, the Messiah (cp. Is 9:5f; Jer 23:5f).ζ. ἡ β. τοῦ κυρίου B 4:13; ἡ β. αὐτοῦ (=κυρίου) ἡ ἐπουράνιος 2 Ti 4:18; EpilMosq 5; ἡ οὐράνιος β. MPol 22:3; ἡ ἐν οὐρανῷ β. Dg 10:2.η. αἰώνιος β. τοῦ κυρίου (cp. Da 4:3; Just.; CIG II, 2715a, 3 ἐπὶ τῆς τῶν κυρίων Ῥωμαίων αἰωνίου ἀρχῆς, Dssm., B 277f) 2 Pt 1:11; cp. MPol 20:2.—The greatest blessings conceivable are found in the β. Mt 13:44f. The foll. expr. refer to obtaining it = participate in its benefits: ἅψασθαι τῆς β. B 7:11; δέχεσθαι Mk 10:15; διδόναι Lk 12:32; εἰσέρχεσθαι εἰς τὴν β. Mt 5:20; 7:21; 18:3; 19:23; Mk 10:23ff; Lk 24:26 P75 (first hand); J 3:5; Ac 14:22; Hs 9, 12, 3f (HWindisch, D. Sprüche v. Eingehen in d. Reich Gs: ZNW 27, 1928, 163–92); εἰσήκειν εἰς τὴν β. 2 Cl 11:7; ἔρχεσθαι εἰς τὴν β. 9:6; ἑτοιμάζειν Mt 25:34; εὔθετον εἶναι τῇ β. Lk 9:62; εὑρεθῆναι εἰς τὴν β. Hs 9, 13, 2; ζητεῖν Mt 6:33; Lk 12:31; καταξιοῦσθαι τῆς β. 2 Th 1:5; κατοικεῖν ἐν τῇ β. Hs 9, 29, 2; κληρονομεῖν Mt 25:34; 1 Cor 6:9f; 15:50; IPhld 3:3; cp. κληρονόμος τῆς β. Js 2:5; μαθητεύεσθαι τῇ β. Mt 13:52; μεθιστάναι εἰς τὴν β. Col 1:13; φθάνει ἡ β. ἐπί τινα Lk 11:20. The phrase ὁρᾶν τὴν β. see the kgdm.=‘realize the fulfillment of God’s promises to Israel’ occurs Mk 9:1; Lk 9:27; J 3:3; Hs 9, 15, 3. The mysteries of the kgdm. can be revealed to those for whom they are intended Mt 13:11; Mk 4:11; διαγγέλλειν Lk 9:60; διαμαρτυρεῖσθαι Ac 28:23; κηρύσσειν καὶ εὐαγγελίζεσθαι Lk 8:1; sim. 16:16; cp. κηρύσσειν τὸ εὐαγγέλιον τῆς β. Mt 4:23; 9:35; 24:14; κηρύσσειν τὴν β. Lk 9:2; Ac 28:31; λαλεῖν περὶ τῆς β. Lk 9:11. Keep fr. entering: κλείειν Mt 23:13; cp. κλεῖδες τῆς β. 16:19 (s. κλεῖς 1); αἴρειν ἀπό τινος 21:43.—Spoken of as present Mt 12:28; Lk 11:20, perh. also 17:20f (see s.v. ἐντός). Viewed as future, but close at hand ἤγγικεν ἡ β. Mt 3:2; 10:7; Mk 1:15; Lk 10:9, 11; perh. Mk 1:15; ἐγγύς ἐστιν Lk 21:31; ἔρχεται Mt 6:10; Mk 11:10; Lk 11:2; 17:20; μέλλει ἀναφαίνεσθαι 19:11; προσδέχεσθαι τὴν β. Mk 15:43; ἐκδέχεσθαι τὴν β. 2 Cl 12:1; μέλλει ἔρχεσθαι 1 Cl 42:3; ἡ μέλλουσα β. 2 Cl 5:5; ἥξει ἡ β. 12:2. Conceived of as a banquet (Billerb. IV 1154ff): ἀνακλιθῆναι ἐν τῇ β. Mt 8:11; sim. 26:29; Mk 14:25; Lk 13:28f; 22:16, 18, 30; cp. the parables 14:15ff; Mt 22:2ff. Participants in it are called υἱοὶ τῆς β. Mt 8:12 (of mere external connection); 13:38. Prerequisite for participation is μετάνοια Mt 4:17; Mk 1:15; the willingness to become like children Mt 18:3f; 19:14; Mk 10:14f; Lk 18:16f. Only uprightness will inherit the β. Mt 5:20. Degrees and grades 5:19; 18:1, 4. The prosperous have difficulty entering 19:23f; Mk 10:23–25; Lk 18:24f (cp. vs. 29), those who persist in sin have no prospects at all Mt 13:24ff, 36ff, 47ff.—Paul thinks of the β. as someth. that effects changes in pers. resulting in righteousness, peace (w. God) and joy Ro 14:17. It manifests itself in deeds, not in words 1 Cor 4:20. Those committed to sin will not inherit it 6:9f; Gal 5:21; Eph 5:5 (cp. 2 Cl 9:6); the latter passages show that for Paul the kgdm. is essentially future, since Christians await the complete victory of the spirit over the flesh. Cp. also 2 Ti 4:1. Flesh and blood will not inherit it, i.e. bodies under the direction of the spirit of Christ are required for entrance 1 Cor 15:50 (JJeremias, NTS 2, ’56, 151–59). None other than God calls people into it 1 Th 2:12.—HJWesterink, Het Koninkrijk Gods bij Pls ’37.—The most important lit. to 1931 in PFeine, Theol. d. NTs7 ’36, 73. Additional lit.: GGloege, Reich Gs u. Kirche im NT 1929; RFrick, D. Gesch. des R.-Gs-Gedankens in d. alten Kirche 1929; EScott, The Kgdm. of God in the NT ’31; H-DWendland, Reichsidee u. Gottesreich ’34; ROtto, Reich Gottes u. Menschensohn ’34 (Eng. tr., The Kgdm. of God and the Son of Man, tr. Filson and Woolf, ’43 and ’51); TW I 562–95; WKümmel, D. Eschatologie der Evangelien ’36, Verheissg. u. Erfüllg. ’45 and ’53; JHéring, Le Royaume de Dieu et sa Venue (Jesus, Paul) ’38 and ’59; JTheissing, D. Lehre Jesu v. d. ew. Seligkeit ’40; FGrant, The Gospel of the Kgdm. ’40; JWellhagen, Anden och Riket ’41 (Lk); WMichaelis, D. Herr verzieht nicht d. Verheissung ’42; RLiechtenhan, D. Kommen des RGs nach dem NT ’44; GKnight, From Moses to Paul, ’49, 173–87; WArndt, CTM 21, ’50, 8–29; JBright, The Kgdm. of God: The Biblical Concept and Its Mng. for the Church ’53; RSchnackenburg, Gottes Herrschaft u. Reich,4 ’65, tr. JMurray,2 ’68; ELadd, Jesus and the Kgdm., ’64; NPerrin, The Kgdm. of God in the Teaching of Jesus, ’66; MWolter, NTS 41, ’95, 541–63 [Lk].—OT background: WSchmidt, Königtum Gottes in Ugarit u. Israel, ’61; KBernhardt, D. Problem der altorientalischen Königs-Ideologie im AT, VetusT Suppl. 8, ’61.—Patristics: GLampe, JTS 49, ’48, 58–73.② territory ruled by a king, kingdom (Diod S 4, 68, 4; Appian, Mithrid. 105 §496 ἡ βας. ὅλη=the whole kingdom; OGI 383, 25 [I B.C.]; Ps 67:33; 134:11; Bar 2:4; Tob 1:21; 1 Macc 1:6; 3:27; 2 Macc 9:25; 3 Macc 6:24 al. LXX) Mt 12:25f; 24:7; Mk 3:24; 6:23 (Socrat., Ep. 1, 10 τ. βασιλείας μέρος διδόναι); 13:8; Lk 11:17f; 21:10; αἱ β. τοῦ αἰῶνος τούτου IRo 6:1. In the account of the temptation Mt 4:8; Lk 4:5 (in a manner very different from Jesus, Alexander [Diod S 17, 51, 2] asks his father, Zeus Ammon, for τὴν ἁπάσης τῆς γῆς ἀρχήν and finds a hearing).—EDNT. DELG s.v. βασιλεύς. M-M. TW. Spicq. Sv. -
119 Γαλατία
Γαλατία, ας, ἡ (Diocles 125; Appian, Mithr. 17 §60; 65 §272 al.; Cass. Dio 53, 26; ins) Galatia, a district in Asia Minor, abode of the Celtic Galatians, and a Roman province to which, in addition to the orig. Galatia, Isauria, Cilicia, and northern Lycaonia belonged. The exact mng. of G. in the NT, esp. in Paul, is a much disputed question. Gal 1:2; 1 Cor 16:1; 2 Ti 4:10 (in this pass. some mss. have Γαλλίαν, and even the better attested rdg. Γαλατίαν can be understood as referring to Gaul: Diod S 5, 22, 4 al.; Appian, Celts 1, 5 al.; Polyaenus 8, 23, 2; Jos., Ant. 17, 344; other ref. in Zahn, Einl. I 418.—To avoid confusion, it was possible to say something like Γαλατία τῆς ἑῴας=eastern [Appian, Bell. Civ. 2, 49 §202] or Γαλάται οἱ ἐν Ἀσίᾳ [Appian, Bell. Civ. 4, 88 §373]); 1 Pt 1:1. For the NT there are only two possibilities, both of which involve the Galatia in Asia Minor. The view that G. means the district orig. inhabited by the Galatians (North Gal. theory) found favor with Mommsen (ZNW 2, 1901, 86), ASteinmann (esp. detailed, D. Leserkreis des Gal. 1908), vDobschütz, Jülicher, MDibelius, Feine, Ltzm., JMoffatt, Goguel, Sickenberger, Lagrange, Meinertz, Oepke, EHaenchen (comm. on Ac 16:6), et al. Impressive support is given this point of view by Memnon of Asia Minor, a younger contemporary of Paul. For him the Galatians, of whom he speaks again and again (no. 434 Fgm. 1, 11ff Jac.), are the people with a well-defined individuality, who came to Asia Minor from Europe. Paul would never have addressed the Lycaonians as Γαλάται.—The opp. view, that G. means the Rom. province (South Gal. theory), is adopted by Zahn, Ramsay, EMeyer, EBurton (Gal 1921), GDuncan (Gal ’34), esp. VWeber (Des Pls Reiserouten 1920). S. also FStähelin, Gesch. d. kleinasiat. Galater2 1907; RSyme, Galatia and Pamphylia under Aug.: Klio 27, ’34, 122–48; CWatkins, D. Kampf des Pls um Galatien 1913; JRopes, The Singular Prob. of the Ep. to the Gal. 1929; LWeisgerber, Galat. Sprachreste: JGeffcken Festschr. ’31, 151–75; Hemer, Acts 277–307 (North-Gal. hypothesis ‘unnecessary and improbable’ p. 306) Pauly-W. VII 519–55; Kl. Pauly II, 666–70.—New Docs 4, 138f. M-M. -
120 γαστήρ
γαστήρ, τρός, ἡ (Hom.+) gener. inner regions of the body, with its various parts, such as stomach and womb① bellyⓐ of the body’s inner regions, but w. ref. to moral obligation τὰ ταμιεῖα τῆς γαστρός innermost chambers of the being (so rendered in OT, An American Translation: Pr 20:27) 1 Cl 21:2 (Pr 20:27).ⓑ metaph., of pers. defined by primary interest glutton (Hes., Theog. 26 et al.) γαστέρες ἀργαί (ἀργός 2) Tit 1:12.② womb ἡ γαστὴρ αὐτῆς ὀγκοῦτο GJs 12:3; συλλαμβάνειν ἐν γαστρί (Gen 25:21 LXX Sixtina; Demetr.: 722 fgm 1, 4 Jac.) Lk 1:31; ἐν γαστρὶ λαμβάνειν GJs 4:2, 4 (LXX; En 7:2; ApcMos 1). ἐν γαστρὶ ἔχειν be pregnant (Hdt. 3, 32 et al.; med. wr. since Hippocr. [Hobart 92]; Paus. 4, 33, 3; Artem. 2, 18; 3, 32, 4 et al.; PCairZen 328, 20 and PEnteux 71, 6; PMagd 4, 6 [the three III B.C.]; PFlor 130, 3; LXX; En 99:5) Mt 1:18, 23 (cp. Is 7:14); 24:19; Mk 13:17; Lk 21:23; 1 Th 5:3; Rv 12:2. ἐν τῇ γαστρὶ (εἶναι) B 13:2 (Gen 25:23); GJs 13:3.—B. 253. DELG. M-M. Spicq.
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