interior+(of+a+set)

1 setback, reverse, backhand, drawback.

2 reverse.

3 reverse side of a cloth, wrong side of the fabric, wrong side of cloth, reverse.

4 back, inside.

2^nd person singular (tú) present indicative of spanish verb: rever.

* * *

► nombre masculino

1 (reverso) back, reverse, wrong side; (de tela) wrong side

2 (bofetada) slap; (golpe) backhander

3 (en tenis) backhand (stroke)

4 figurado (contrariedad) misfortune, setback, reverse

\

al revés / del revés (al contrario) the other way round 2 (interior en exterior) inside out 3 (boca abajo) upside down, the wrong way up 4 (la parte de detrás delante) back to front

al revés de contrary to

■ al revés de lo que dijo contrary to what she said

reveses de fortuna setbacks, blows of fate

reveses de la vida life's misfortunes

* * *

1) back

2) reversal

3) backhand

•

- al revés

* * *

1) (=lado contrario)

- el revés de la moneda o medalla

2)

3)

4) (=bofetada) slap, backhand slap

5) (Dep) backhand

6) (=contratiempo) setback

* * *

1)

a)

b)

2)

a) ( bofetada) slap ( with the back of the hand)

b) (Dep) backhand

3) ( contratiempo) setback

* * *

1)

a)

b)

2)

a) ( bofetada) slap ( with the back of the hand)

b) (Dep) backhand

3) ( contratiempo) setback

* * *

revés¹

¹ = back.

revés²

² = setback, blow, reversal, snafu, swipe, slap.

* * *

el revés (de una prenda) the inside; (de una tela) the back, the wrong side; (de un papel, documento) the back

planchar la prenda del or por el revés iron the garment inside out o on the inside

al revés (con lo de adelante atrás) back to front; (con lo de arriba abajo) upside down; (con lo de dentro fuera) inside out; (en sentido inverso) the other way around o ( BrE) round

yo frío la cebolla y luego el pimiento — pues yo lo hago al revés I fry the onion first and then the peppers — I do it the other way around

te has puesto los zapatos al revés you've put your shoes on the wrong feet

tienes los cubiertos al revés you have your knife and fork the wrong way round

se puso el vestido al revés she put her dress on back to front

hace la `y' al revés he writes his y's back to front o the wrong way round

colgó el cuadro al revés he hung the picture upside down

puso el cuadro al revés he turned the picture to face the wall

todo lo entiende al revés she's always getting the wrong end of the stick, she gets everything back to front

hoy todo me está saliendo al revés nothing's going right for me today

al revés de lo que uno se imagina contrary to what you might expect

lo hizo al revés de como se le había dicho she did it the opposite way to how she had been told

saberse algo al revés y al derecho to know sth (off) by heart

1 (bofetada) slap ( with the back of the hand)

¡te voy a dar un revés! you're going to feel the back of my hand!

2 ( Dep) backhand

C (contratiempo) setback

sufrieron un importante revés en las últimas elecciones they suffered a major setback o a serious reverse in the last elections

un revés de fortuna podría acabar con todo esto a change in our fortunes o a reversal of our fortunes could mean the end of all of this

* * *

◊ el revés ( de prenda) the inside;

◊ al revés ( loc adv) ( con lo de adelante atrás) back to front;

◊ así no, va al revés not that way, it goes the other way around o (BrE) round;

* * *

revés (pl reveses) nm

1. [parte opuesta] [de papel, mano] back;

al revés [en dirección o sentido equivocado] the wrong way round;

escribe las eses al revés she writes the letter “s” backward(s) o Br back to front;

te has puesto los guantes al revés you've put your gloves on inside out;

todo lo entiende al revés she's always getting the wrong end of the stick;

no estoy triste, al revés estoy contentísima I'm not sad, on the contrary, I'm very happy;

lo hizo al revés de como le dije she did the opposite of what I told her to;

del revés [lo de detrás, delante] the wrong way round, Br back to front;

volver algo del revés to turn sth around;

me puso el estómago del revés it turned my stomach

2. [contratiempo] setback, blow;

sufrir un revés to suffer a setback

3. [bofetada] slap

4. Dep [en tenis] backhand;

un golpe de revés a backhand;

tiene un buen revés she has a good backhand

5. Cuba [gusano] tobacco weevil

* * *

1 ( contratiempo) setback

2 en tenis backhand

al o

del revés back to front; con el interior fuera inside out;

salir al revés fig go wrong

* * *

revés nm, pl reveses

1) : back, wrong side

2) : setback, reversal

3) : backhand (in sports)

al revés : the other way around, upside down, inside out

al revés de : contrary to

* * *

revés n

1. (de prenda, tela, papel) wrong side

2. (en tenis, etc) backhand

3. (contratiempo) setback

Las expresiones al revés y del revés tienen varias traducciones según el contexto. Fíjate en estos ejemplos

अग्निः [अङ्गति ऊर्ध्वं गच्छति अङ्ग्-नि,नलोपश्च Uṇ.4.5., or fr. अञ्च् 'to go.']

1 Fire कोप˚, चिन्ता˚, शोक˚, ज्ञान˚, राज˚, &c.

-2 The God of fire.

-3 Sacrificial fire of three kinds (गार्हपत्य, आहवनीय and दक्षिण); पिता बै गार्हपत्यो$ ग्निर्माताग्निर्दक्षिणः स्मृतः । गुरुराहवनीयस्तु साग्नित्रेता गरीयसी ॥ Ms. 2.232.

-4 The fire of the stomach, digestive faculty, gastric fluid.

-5 Bile (नाभेरूर्ध्व हृदयादधस्तादामाशयमाचक्षते तद्गतं सौरं तेजः पित्तम् इत्याचक्षते).

-6 Cauterization (अग्नि- कर्मन्).

-7 Gold.

-8 The number three. शराग्निपरिमाणम् (पञ्चत्रिंशत्) Mb.13.17.26.

-9 N. of various plants: (a) चित्रक Plumbago Zeylanica; (b) रक्तचित्रक; (c) भल्लातक Semicarpus Anacardium; (d) निम्बक Citrus Acida.

-1 A mystical substitute for the letter र्. In Dvandva comp. as first member with names of deities, and with particular words अग्नि is changed to अग्ना, as ˚विष्णू, ˚मरुतौ, or to अग्नी, ˚पर्जन्यौ, ˚ वरुणौ, ˚षोमौ

-11 पिङगला नाडी; यत्र तद् ब्रह्म निर्द्वन्द्वं यत्र सोमः, (इडा) सहाग्निना (अग्निः पिङ्गला) Mb.14.2.1.

-12 Sacrificial altar, अग्निकुण्ड cf. Rām. 1.14.28.

-13 Sky. अग्निर्मूर्धा Muṇḍ 2.1.4. [cf. L. ignis.

[Agni is the God of Fire, the Ignis of the Latins and Ogni of the Slavonians. He is one of the most prominent deities of the Ṛigveda. He, as an immortal, has taken up his abode among mortals as their guest; he is the domestic priest, the successful accomplisher and protector of all ceremonies; he is also the religious leader and preceptor of the gods, a swift messenger employed to announce to the immortals the hymns and to convey to them the oblations of their worshippers, and to bring them down from the sky to the place of sacrifice. He is sometimes regarded as the mouth and the tongue through which both gods and men participate in the sacrifices. He is the lord, protector and leader of people, monarch of men, the lord of the house, friendly to mankind, and like a father, mother, brother &c. He is represented as being produced by the attrition of two pieces of fuel which are regarded as husband and wife. Sometimes he is considered to have been brought down from heaven or generated by Indra between two clouds or stones, created by Dyau, or fashioned by the gods collectively. In some passages he is represented as having a triple existence, which may mean his three- fold manifestations as the sun in heaven, lightning in the atmosphere, and as ordinary fire on the earth, although the three appearances are also elsewhere otherwise explained. His epithets are numberless and for the most part descriptive of his physical characteristics: धूमकेतु, हुतभुज्, शुचि, रोहिताश्व, सप्तजिह्व, तोमरधर, घृतान्न, चित्रभानु, ऊर्ध्वशोचिस्, शोचिष्केश, हरिकेश, हिरण्यदन्त, अयोदंष्ट्र &c. In a celebrated passage he is said to have 4 horns, 3 feet, 2 heads, and 7 hands. The highest divine functions are ascribed to Agni. He is said to have spread out the two worlds and + produced them, to have supported heaven, formed the mundane regions and luminaries of heaven, to have begotten Mitra and caused the sun to ascend the sky. He is the head and summit of the sky, the centre of the earth. Earth, Heaven and all beings obey his commands. He knows and sees all worlds or creatures and witnesses all their actions. The worshippers of Agni prosper, they are wealthy and live long. He is the protector of that man who takes care to bring him fuel. He gives him riches and no one can overcome him who sacrifices to this god. He confers, and is the guardian of, immortality. He is like a water-trough in a desert and all blessing issue from him. He is therefore constantly supplicated for all kinds of boons, riches, food, deliverance from enemies and demons, poverty, reproach, childlessness, hunger &c. Agni is also associated with Indra in different hymns and the two gods are said to be twin brothers.

Such is the Vedic conception of Agni; but in the course of mythological personifications he appears as the eldest son of Brahmā and is called Abhimānī [Viṣṇu Purāṇa]. His wife was Svāhā; by her, he had 3 sons - Pāvaka, Pavamāna and Śuchi; and these had forty-five sons; altogether 49 persons who are considered identical with the 49 fires. He is also represented as a son of Aṅgiras, as a king of the Pitṛs or Manes, as a Marut and as a grandson of Śāṇḍila, and also as a star. The Harivaṁśa describes him as clothed in black, having smoke for his standard and head-piece and carrying a flaming javelin. He is borne in a chariot drawn by red horses and the 7 winds are the wheels of his car. He is accompanied by a ram and sometimes he is represented as riding on that animal. Agni was appointed by Brahamā as the sovereign of the quarter between the south and east, whence the direction is still known as Āgneyī. The Mahābhārata represents Agni as having exhausted his vigour and become dull by devouring many oblations at the several sacrifices made by king Śvetaki, but he recruited his strength by devouring the whole Khāṇḍava forest; for the story see the word खाण्डव].

-Comp. -अ (आ) गारम् -रः, -आलयः, -गृहम् [अग्निकार्याय अगारम् शाक˚ त.] a fire- sanctuary, house or place for keeping the sacred fire; वसंश्चतुर्थो$ग्निरिवाग्न्यगारे R.5.25. रथाग्न्यगारं चापार्चीं शरशक्तिगदे- न्धनम् Mb.11.25.14.

-अस्त्रम् fire-missile, a rocket,

-आत्मक a. [अग्निरात्मा यस्य] of the nature of fire सोमा- त्मिका स्त्री, ˚कः पुमान्.

-आधानम् consecrating the fire; so ˚आहिति.

-आधेयः [अग्निराधेयो येन] a Brāhmana who maintains the sacred fire. (

-यम्) =

˚आधानम्. -आहितः [अग्निराहितो येन, वा परनिपातः P.II.2.37.] one who maintains the sacred fire; See आहिताग्नि.

-इध् m. (अग्नीध्रः) [अग्निम् इन्द्धे स अग्नीध्] the priest who kindles fire (mostly Ved).

-इन्धनः [अग्निरिध्यते अनेन] N. of a Mantra. (नम्) kindling the fire; अग्नीन्धनं भैक्षचर्याम् Ms.2.18.

-उत्पातः [अग्निना दिव्यानलेन कृतः उत्पातः] a fiery portent, meteor, comet &c. In Bṛ. S.33 it is said to be of five kinds: दिवि भुक्तशुभफलानां पततां रूपाणि यानि तान्युल्काः । धिष्ण्योल्का- शनिविद्युत्तारा इति पञ्चधा भिन्नाः ॥ उल्का पक्षेण फलं तद्वत् धिष्ण्याशनिस्त्रिभिः पक्षैः । विद्युदहोभिः ष़ड्भिस्तद्वत्तारा विपाचयति ॥ Different fruits are said to result from the appearances of these portents, according to the nature of their colour, position &c.

-उद्धरणम्, -उद्धारः 1 producing fire by the friction of two araṇis.

-2 taking out, before sun-rise, the sacred fire from its cover of ashes previous to a sacrifice.

-उपस्थानम् worship of Agni; the Mantra or hymn with which Agni is worshipped (अग्निरुपस्थीयते$नेन) अग्निस्त्रिष्टुभ् उपस्थाने विनियोगः Sandhyā.

-एधः [अग्निमेधयति] an incendiary.

-कणः; -स्तोकः a spark.

-कर्मन् n. [अग्नौ कर्म स. त.]

1 cauterization.

-2 action of fire.

-3 oblation to Agni, worship of Agni (अग्निहोत्र); so ˚कार्य offering oblations to fire, feeding fire with ghee &c.; निर्वर्तिताग्निकार्यः K.16.; ˚र्यार्धदग्ध 39, Ms.3.69, अग्निकार्यं ततः कुर्यात्सन्ध्ययोरुभयोरपि । Y.1.25.

-कला a part (or appearance) of fire; ten varieties are mentioned धूम्रार्चिरुष्मा ज्वलिनी ज्वालिनी विस्फु- लिङ्गिनी । सुश्री: सुरूपा कपिला हव्यकव्यवहे अपि ॥ यादीनां दश- वर्णानां कला धर्मप्रदा अमूः ।).

-कारिका [अग्निं करोति आधत्ते करणे कर्तृत्वोपचारात् कर्तरि ण्वुल्]

1 the means of consecrating the sacred fire, the Ṛik called अग्नीध्र which begins with अग्निं दूतं पुरो दधे. 2. = अग्निकार्यम्.

-काष्ठम् अग्नेः उद्दीपनं काष्ठं शाक ˚त.] agallochum (अगुरु)

-कुक्कुटः [अग्नेः कुक्कुट इव रक्तवर्णस्फुलिङ्गत्वात्] a firebrand, lighted wisp of straw.

-कुण्डम [अग्नेराधानार्थं कुण्डम्] an enclosed space for keeping the fire, a fire-vessel.

-कुमारः, -तनयः; सुतः 1 N. of Kārttikeya said to be born from fire; Rām.7. See कार्त्तिकेय.

-2 a kind of preparation of medicinal drugs.

-कृतः Cashew-nut; the plant Anacardium occidentale. [Mar.काजू]

-केतुः [अग्नेः केतुरिव]

1 smoke.

-2 N. of two Rākṣasas on the side of Rāvaṇa and killed by Rāma.

-कोणः -दिक् the south-east corner ruled over by Agni; इन्द्रो वह्निः पितृपतिर्नौर्ऋतो वरुणो मरुत् । कुबेर ईशः पतयः पूर्वादीनां दिशां क्रमात् ॥

-क्रिया [अग्निना निर्वर्तिता क्रिया, शाक. त.]

1 obsequies, funeral ceremonies.

-2 branding; भेषजाग्निक्रियासु च Y.3.284.

-क्रीडा [तृ. त.] fire-works, illuminations.

-गर्भ a. [अग्निर्गर्भे यस्य] pregnant with or containing fire, having fire in the interior; ˚र्भां शमीमिव Ś 4.3. (

--र्भः) [अग्निरिव जारको गर्भो यस्य]

1 N. of the plant Agnijāra.

-2 the sun stone, name of a crystal supposed to contain and give out fire when touched by the rays of the sun; cf Ś2.7.

-3 the sacrificial stick अरणि which when churned, gives out fire.

(-र्भा) 1 N. of the Śamī plant as containing fire (the story of how Agni was discovered to exist in the interior of the Śamī plant is told in chap. 35 of अनु- शासनपर्व in Mb.)

-2 N. of the earth (अग्नेः सकाशात् गर्भो यस्यां सा; when the Ganges threw the semen of Śiva out on the Meru mountain, whatever on earth &c. was irradiated by its lustre, became gold and the earth was thence called वसुमती)

-3 N. of the plant महा- ज्योतिष्मती लता (अग्निरिव गर्भो मध्यभागो यस्याः सा) [Mar. माल- कांगोणी]

-ग्रन्थः [अग्निप्रतिपादको ग्रन्थः शाक. त.] the work that treats of the worship of Agni &c.

-घृतम् [अग्न्युद्दीपनं घृतं शाक. त.] a kind of medicinal preparation of ghee used to stimulate the digestive power.

-चित् m. अग्निं चितवान्; चि-भूतार्थे क्विप् P.III.2.91] one who has kept the sacred fire; यतिभिः सार्धमनग्निमग्निचित् R.8.25; अध्वरे- ष्वग्निचित्वत्सु Bk.5.11.

-चयः, -चयनम्, -चित्या. arranging or keeping the sacred fire (अग्न्याधान); चित्याग्निचित्ये च P.III.1.132.

-2 (

-यः, -यनः) the Mantra used in this operation.

-3 a heap of fire

-चित्वत् [अग्निचयनम् अस्त्यस्मिन् मतुप्; मस्य वः । तान्तत्वान्न पद- त्वम् Tv.] having अग्निचयन or अग्निचित्.

-चूडः A bird having a red tuft.

-चर्णम् gunpowder. कार्यासमर्थः कत्यस्ति शस्त्रगोलाग्निचूर्णयुक् Śukranīti 2.93.

-ज, -जात a. produced by or from fire, born from fire.

(-जः, -जातः) 1 N. of the plant अग्निजार (अग्नये अग्न्युद्दीपनाय जायते सेवनात् प्रभवति).

1 N. of Kārttikeya पराभिनत्क्रौञ्चमिवाद्रिमग्निजः Mb.8.9. 68.3. Viṣṇu. (

-जम्, -जातम) gold; so ˚जन्मन्.

-जित् m. God; Bhāg.8.14.4.

-जिह्व a.

1 having a fiery tongue.

-2 one having fire for the tongue, epithet of a God or of Visṇu in the boar incarnation. (

-ह्वा)

1 a tongue or flame of fire.

-2 one of the 7 tongues of Agni (कराली धूमिनी श्वेता लोहिता नीललोहिता । सुवर्णा पद्मरागा च जिह्वा: सप्त विभावसोः

-3 N. of a plant लाङ्गली (अग्नेर्जिह्वेव शिखा यस्याः सा); of another plant (जलपिप्पली) or गजपिप्पली (विषलाङ्गला) (Mar. जल-गज पिंपळी)

-ज्वाला 1 the flame or glow of fire.

-2 [अग्नेर्ज्वालेव शिखा यस्याः सा] N. of a plant with red blossoms, chiefly used by dyers, Grislea Tomentosa (Mar. धायफूल, धायटी).

-तप् a. [अग्निना तप्यते; तप्-क्विप्] having the warmth of fire; practising austerities by means of fire.

-तपस् a. [अग्निभिः तप्यते]

1 practising very aus- tere penance, standing in the midst of the five fires.

-2 glowing, shining or burning like fire (तपतीति तपाः अग्निरिव तपाः) hot as fire

-तेजस् a. having the lustre or power of fire. (अग्नेरिव तेजो यस्य). (

-स् n.) the lustre of fire. (

-स् m.) N. of one of the 7 Ṛiṣis of the 11th Manvantara.

-त्रयम् the three fires, See under अग्नि.

-द a. [अग्निं दाहार्थं गृहादौ ददाति; दा. -क.]

1 giving or supplying with fire

-2 tonic, stomachic, producing appetite, stimulating digestion.

-3 incendiary; अग्निदान् भक्तदांश्चैव Ms.9.278; अग्निदानां च ये लोकाः Y.2.74; so ˚दायक, ˚दायिन्. यदग्निदायके पापं यत्पापं गुरुतल्पगे. Rām.2.75.45.

-दग्ध a.

1 burnt on the funeral pile; अग्निदग्धाश्च ये जीवा ये$प्यदग्धाः कुले मम Vāyu. P.

-2 burnt with fire.

-3 burnt at once without having fire put into the mouth, being destitute of issue (?); (pl.) a class of Manes or Pitṛis who, when alive, kept up the household flame and presented oblations to fire.

-दमनी [अग्निर्दम्यते$नया; दम्-णिच् करणे ल्युट] a narcotic plant, Solanum Jacquini. [Mar. रिंगणी]

-दातृ [अग्निं विधानेन ददाति] one who performs the last (funeral) ceremonies of a man; यश्चाग्निदाता प्रेतस्य पिण्डं दद्यात्स एव हि.

-दीपन a. [अग्निं दीपयति] stimulating digestion, stomachic, tonic.

-दीप्त a. [तृ. त्त.] glowing, set on fire, blazing (

-प्ता) [अग्निर्जठरानलो दीप्तः सेवनात् यस्याः सा] N. of a plant ज्योतिष्मती लता (Mar. मालकांगोणी), which is said to stimulate digestion.

-दीप्तिः f. active state of digestion.

-दूत a. अग्निर्दूत इव यस्मिन् यस्य वा] having Agni for a messenger, said of the sacrifice or the deity invoked; यमं ह यज्ञो गच्छत्यग्निदूतो अरंकृतः Rv.1.14.13.

-दूषितः a. branded.

-देवः [अग्नि- रेव देवः] Agni; a worshipper of Agni.

-देवा [अग्निर्देवो यस्याः] the third lunar mansion, the Pleiades (कृत्तिका).

-द्वारम् the door on the south-east of a building; पूर्व- द्वारमथैशाने चाग्निद्वारं तु दक्षिणे । Māna.9.294-95.

-धानम् [अग्निर्धियते$स्मिन्] the place or receptacle for keeping the sacred fire, the house of अग्निहोतृ; पदं कृणुते अग्निधाने Rv. 1.165.3.

-धारणम् maintaining the sacred fire; व्रतिनां ˚णम् K. 55.

-नयनम् = ˚प्रणयनम्.

-निर्यासः [अग्नेर्ज- ठरानलस्येव दीपको निर्यासो यस्य] N. of the plant अग्निजार.

-नेत्र a. [अग्निर्नेता यस्य] having Agni for the leader or conveyer of oblations, an epithet of a god in general.

-पदम् 1 the word Agni.

-2 fire-place.

-3 N. of a plant.

-परिक्रि-ष्क्रि-या care of the sacred fire, worship of fire, offering oblations; गृहार्थो$ग्निपरिष्क्रिया Ms.2.67.

-परिच्छदः the whole sacrificial apparatus; गृह्यं चाग्निपरिच्छदम् Ms.6. 4.

-परिधानम् enclosing the sacrificial fire with a kind of screen.

-परीक्षा [तृ. त.] ordeal by fire.

-पर्वतः [अग्निसाधनं पर्वतः] a volcano; महता ज्वलता नित्यमग्निमेवाग्नि- पर्वतः Rām.5.35.43.

-पुच्छः [अग्नेः अग्न्याधानस्थानस्य पुच्छ इव]. tail or back part of the sacrificial place; the extinction of fire.

-पुराणम् [अग्निना प्रोक्तं पुराणम्] one of the 18 Purāṇas ascribed to Vyāsa. It derives its name from its having been communicated originally by Agni to the sage Vasiṣṭha for the purpose of instructing him in the two-fold knowledge of Brahman. Its stanzas are said to be 145. Its contents are varied. It has portions on ritual and mystic worship, cosmical descriptions, chapters on the duties of Kings and the art of war, a chapter on law, some chapters on Medicine and some treatises on Rhetoric, Prosody, Grammar, Yoga, Brahmavidyā &c. &c.

-प्रणयनम् bringing out the sacrificial fire and consecrating it according to the proper ritual.

-प्रणिधिः Incendiary. Dk.2.8.

-प्रतिष्ठा consecration of fire, especially the nuptial fire.

-प्रवेशः; -शनम [स. त.] entering the fire, self-immolation of a widow on the funeral pile of her husband.

-प्रस्कन्दनम् violation of the duties of a sacrificer (अग्निहोमाकरण); ˚परस्त्वं चाप्येवं भविष्यसि Mb.1.84.26.

-प्रस्तरः [अग्निं प्रस्तृणाति अग्नेः प्रस्तरो वा] a flint, a stone producing fire.

-बाहुः [अग्ने- र्बाहुरिव दीर्घशिखत्वात्]

1 smoke.

-2 N. of a son of the first Manu; Hariv. N. of a son of Priyavrata and Kāmyā. V. P.

-बीजम् 1 the seed of Agni; (fig.) gold (रुद्रतेजः समुद्भूतं हेमबीजं विभावसोः)

-2 N. of the letter र्.

-भम [अग्नि- रिव भाति; भा-क.]

1 'shining like fire,' gold.

-2 N. of the constellation कृत्तिका.

-भु n. [अग्नेर्भवति; भू-क्विप् ह्रस्वान्तः]

1 water.

-2 gold.

-भू a. [अग्नेर्भवतिः भू-क्विप्] produced from fire.

(भूः) 1 'fire-born,' N. of Kārttikeya.

-2 N. of a teacher (काश्यप) who was taught by Agni.

-3 (arith.) six.

-भूति a. produced from fire. (

-तिः) [अग्निरिव भूतिरैश्वर्यं यस्य] N. of a pupil of the last Tīrthaṅkara. (

-तिः) f. the lustre or might of fire.

-भ्राजस् a. Ved. [अग्निरिव भ्राजते; भ्राज्-असुन्] shining like fire. अग्निभ्राजसो विद्युतः Ṛv.5.54.11.

-मणिः [अग्नेरुत्थापको मणिः शाक. त.] the sunstone.

-मथ् m. [अग्निं मथ्नाति निष्पादयति; मन्थ्-क्विप्- नलोपः]

1 the sacrificer who churns the fuel-stick.

-2 the Mantra used in this operation, on the अरणि itself.

-मन्थः, -न्थनम्, producing fire by friction; or the Mantra used in this operation. (

-न्थः) [अग्निर्मथ्यते अनेन मन्थ्-करणे घञ्] N. of a tree गणिकारिका (Mar. नरवेल) Premna Spinosa (तत्काष्ठयोर्घर्षणे हि आशु वह्निरुत्पद्यते),

-मान्द्यम् slowness of digestion, loss of appetite, dyspepsia.

-मारुतिः अग्निश्च मरुच्च तयोरपत्यं इञ् ततो वृद्धिः इत् च; द्विपदवृद्धौ पृषो. पूर्वपदस्य ह्रस्वः Tv.] N. of the sage Agastya.

-मित्रः N. of a king of the Śunga dynasty, son of Puṣypamitra who must have flourished before 15 B. C. -the usually accepted date of Patañjali-as the latter mentions पुष्यमित्र by name.

-मुखः a. having Agni at the head. (

-खः) [अग्निर्मुखमिव यस्य]

1 a deity, god, (for the gods receive oblations through Agni who is, therefore, said to be their mouth; अग्निमुखा वै देवाः; अग्निर्मुखं प्रथमं देवतानाम् &c; or अग्निर्मुखे अग्रे येषाम्, for fire is said to have been created before all other gods.)

-2 [अग्निर्मुखं प्रधानमुपास्यो यस्य] one who maintains the sacred fire (अग्निहोतृद्विज)

-3 a Brāhmaṇa in general (अग्निर्दाहकत्वात् शापाग्निर्मुखे यस्य for Brāhmaṇas are said to be वाग्वज्राः).

-4 N. of two plants चित्रक Plumbago Zeylanica and भल्लातक Semicarpus Anacardium अग्निरिव स्पर्शात् दुःखदायकं मुखमग्रम् यस्य, तन्निर्यासस्पर्शेन हि देहे क्षतोत्पत्तेस्थयोस्तथात्वम्)

-5 a sort of powder or चूर्ण prescribed as a tonic by चक्रदत्त

-6 'fire- mouthed, sharp-biting, an epithet of a bug. Pt. 1. (

-खी) अग्निरिव मुखमग्रं यस्याः; गौरादि-ङीष्]

1 N. of a plant भल्लातक (Mar. बिबवा, भिलावा) and लाङ्गलिका (विषलाङ्गला).

-2 N. of the Gāyatri Mantra (अग्निरेव मुखं मुखत्वेन कल्पितं यस्याः सा, or अग्नेरिव मुखं प्रजापतिमुखं उत्पत्ति- द्वारं यस्याः, अग्निना समं प्रजापतिमुखजातत्वात्; कदाचिदपि नो विद्वान् गायत्रीमुदके जपेत् । गायत्र्याग्निमुखी यस्मात्तस्मादुत्थाय तां जपेत् ॥ गोभिल).

-3 a kitchen [पाकशाला अग्निरिव उत्तप्तं मुखं यस्याः सा].

-मूढ a. [तृ. त.] Ved. made insane or stupefied by lightning or fire.

-यन्त्रम् A gun अग्नियन्त्रधरैश्चक्रधरैश्च पुरुषैर्वृतः Śivabhārata 12.17.

-यानम् An aeroplane. व्योमयानं विमानं स्यात् अग्नियानं तदेव हि । अगस्त्यसंहिता.

-योगः See पञ्चाग्निसाधन. अग्नियोगवहो ग्रीष्मे विधिदृष्टेन कर्मणा । चीर्त्वा द्वादशवर्षाणि राजा भवति पार्थिवः ॥ Mb.13.14,2.43.

-योजनम् causing the sacrificial fire to blaze up.

-रक्षणम् 1 con- secrating or preserving the sacred (domestic) fire or अग्निहोत्र.

-2 [अग्निः रक्ष्यते अनेन अत्र वा] a Mantra securing for Agni protection from evil spirits &c.

-3 the house of an अग्निहोतृ.

-रजः, -रजस् m. [अग्निरिव रज्यते दीप्यते; रञ्ज्-असुन् नलोपः]

1 a scarlet insect by name इन्द्रगोप.

-2 (अग्नेः रजः) the might or power of Agni.

-3 gold. Mb.3. 16.86.7

-रहस्यम् mystery of (worshipping &c.) Agni; N. of the tenth book of Śatapatha Brāhmaṇa.

-राशिः a heap of fire, burning pile.

-रुहा [अग्निरिव रोहति रुह्-क] N. of the plant मांसादनी or मांसरोहिणी (तदङ्कुरस्य वह्नितुल्य- वर्णतया उत्पन्नत्वात्तथात्वं तस्याः).

-रूप a. [अग्नेरिव रूपं वर्णो यस्य] fire-shaped; of the nature of fire.

-रूपम् the nature of fire.

-रेतस् n. the seed of Agni; (hence) gold.

-रोहिणी [अग्निरिव रोहति; रुह्-णिनि] a hard inflammatory swelling in the armpit.

-लोकः the world a Agni, which is situated below the summit of Meru; in the Purāṇas it is said to be in the अन्तरिक्ष, while in the Kāśī Khaṇḍa it is said to be to the south of इन्द्रपुरी; एतस्या दक्षिणे भागे येयं पूर्दृश्यते शुभा । इमामर्चिष्मतीं पश्य वीतिहोत्रपुरीं शुभाम् ॥

-वधूः Svāhā, the daughter of Dakṣa and wife of Agni

-वर्चस् a. [अग्नेर्वर्च इव वर्चो यस्य] glowing or bright like fire. (n.) the lustre of Agni. (-m.) N. of a teacher of the Purāṇas.

-वर्ण a. [अग्नेरिव वर्णो यस्य] of the colour of fire; hot; fiery; सुरां पीत्वा द्विजो मोहादग्निवर्णां सुरां पिबेत् Ms.11.9; गोमूत्रमग्निवर्णं वा पिबेदुदकमेव वा 91.

(र्णः) 1 N. of a prince, son of Sudarśana.

-2 N. of a King of the solar race, See R.19.1. the colour of fire. (

-र्णा) a strong liquor.

-वर्धक a. stimulating digestion, tonic.

(-कः) 1 a tonic.

-2 regimen, diet (पथ्याहार).

-वल्लभः [अग्नेर्वल्लभः सुखेन दाह्यत्वात्]

1 the Śāla tree, Shorea Robusta.

-2 the resinous juice of it.

-वासस् a. [अग्निरिव शुद्धं वासो यस्य] having a red (pure like Agni) garment. (n.) a pure garment.

-वाह a. [अग्निं वाहयति अनुमापयति वा]

1 smoke.

-2 a goat.

-वाहनम् a goat (छाग).

-विद् m.

1 one who knows the mystery about Agni.

-2 an अग्निहोत्रिन् q. v.

-विमोचनम् ceremony of lowering the sacrificial fire.

-विसर्पः pain from an inflamed tumour, inflammation.

-विहरणम्, -विहारः 1 taking the sacrificial fire from आग्नीध्र to the उत्तरवेदि.

-2 offering oblations to fire; प्रत्यासन्ना ˚वेला K.348.

-वीर्यम् 1 power or might of Agni.

-2 gold.

-वेतालः Name of Vetāla (connected with the story of Vikra- māditya).

-वेशः [अग्नेर्वेश इव] N. of an ancient medical authority (चरक).

-वेश्मन् m. the fourteenth day of the karma-ṃāsa; Sūryaprajñapti.

-वेश्यः 1 N. of a teacher, Mbh.

-2 Name of the 22nd muhūrta; Sūryapraj- ñapti. धौम्य cf. Mb 14.64.8.

-शरणम्, -शाला-लम् a fire-sanctuary; ˚मार्गमादेशय Ś.5; a house or place for keeping the sacred fire; ˚रक्षणाय स्थापितो$हम् V.3.

-शर्मन् a. [अग्निरिव शृणाति तीव्रकोपत्वात् शॄ-मनिन्] very passionate. (-m.) N. of a sage.

-शिख a. [अग्नेरिव अग्निरिव वा शिखा यस्य] fiery, fire-crested; दहतु ˚खैः सायकैः Rām.

(-खः) 1 a lamp.

-2 a rocket, fiery arrow.

-3 an arrow in general.

-4 safflower plant.

-5 saffron.

-6 जाङ्गलीवृक्ष.

(-खम्) 1 saffron.

-2 gold.

(-खा) 1 a flame; शरैरग्निशिखोपमैः Mb.

-2 N. of two plants लाङ्गली (Mar. वागचबका or कळलावी) Gloriosa Superba; of other plants (also Mar. कळलावी) Meni- spermum Cordifolium.

-शुश्रूषा careful service or worship of fire.

-शेखर a. fire-crested. (

-रः) N. of the कुसुम्भ, कुङ्कुम and जाङ्गली trees (

-रम्) gold,

-शौच a. [अग्नेरिव शौचं यस्य] bright as fire; purified by fire K.252.

-श्री a. [अग्नेरिव श्रीर्यस्य] glowing like fire; lighted by Agni

-ष्टुत्, -ष्टुभ, -ष्टोम &c. see ˚ स्तुत्, ˚स्तुभ् &c.

-ष्ठम् 1 kitchen; अग्निष्ठेष्वग्निशालासु Rām.6.1.16.

-2 a fire-pan.

-संयोगाः explosives. Kau. A.2.3.

-ष्वात्तः see स्वात्तः

-संस्कारः 1 consecration of fire.

-2 hallowing or con- secrating by means of fire; burning on the funeral pile; यथार्हं ˚रं मालवाय दत्वा Dk.169; नास्य कार्यो$ग्निसंस्कारः Ms.5.69, पितरीवाग्निसंस्कारात्परा ववृतिरे क्रियाः । R.12.56.

-सखः; -सहायः 1 the wind.

-2 the wild pigeon (smoke- coloured).

-3 smoke.

-सम्भव a. [प. ब.] sprung or pro- duced from fire.

(-वः) 1 wild safflower.

-2 lymph, result of digestion. (

-वम्) gold.

-साक्षिक [अग्निः साक्षी यत्र, कप्] a. or adv. keeping fire for a witness, in the presence of fire; पञ्चबाण˚ M.4.12. ˚मर्यादो भर्ता हि शरणं स्त्रियाः H.1.v. l, R.11.48.

-सारम् [अग्नौ सारं यस्य अत्यन्तानलोत्तापनेपि सारांशादहनात् Tv.] रसाञ्जन, a sort of medical preparation for the eyes. (

-रः -रम्) power or essence of fire.

-सुतः Kārttikeya; त्वामद्य निहनिष्यामि क्रौञ्चमग्निसुतो यथा । Mb.7.156.93.

-सूत्रम् a thread of fire.

-2 a girdle of sacrificial grass (मौञ्जीमेखला) put upon a young Brāhmaṇa at the time of investiture.

-सूनुः (See -सुतः), (सेनानीरग्निभूर्गुहः । Amar.); देव्यङ्कसंविष्ट- मिवाग्निसूनुम् । Bu. ch.1.67.

-स्तम्भः 1 stopping the burning power of Agni.

-2 N. of a Mantra used in this operation.

-3 N. of a medicine so used.

-स्तुत् m. (अग्निष्टुत्) [अग्निः स्तूयते$त्र; स्तु-आधारे क्विप् षत्वम्] the first day of the Agniṣṭoma sacrifice; N. of a por- tion of that sacrifice which extends over one day; यजेत वाश्वमेधेन स्वर्जिता गोसवेन वा । अभिजिद्विश्वजिद्भ्यां वा त्रिवृता- ग्निष्टुतापि वा ॥ Ms.11.74.

-स्तुभ् (˚ष्टुभ्) m. [अग्निः स्तुभ्यते$त्र; स्तुभ्-क्विप् षत्वम्]

1 = अग्निष्टोम.

-2 N. of a son of the sixth Manu.

-रतोमः (˚ष्टोमः) [अग्नेः स्तोमः स्तुतिसाधनं यत्र]

1 N. of a protracted ceremony or sacrificeial rite extending over several days in spring and forming an essential part of the ज्योतिष्टोम.

-2 a Mantra or Kalpa with reference to this sacrifice; ˚मे भवो मन्त्रः ˚मः; ˚मस्य व्याख्यानम्, कल्पः ˚मः P.IV.3.66. Vārt.

-3 N. of the son of the sixth Manu.

-4 a species of the Soma plant; ˚सामन् a part of the Sāma Veda chanted at the conclu- sion of the Agniṣṭoma sacrifice.

-सावर्णिः Name of Manu.

-स्थ a. (ष्ठ) [अग्नौ स्थातुमर्हति; स्था-क षत्वम्] placed in, over, or near the fire. (ष्ठः) an iron frying-pan; in the अश्वमेध sacrifice the 11th Yūpa which of all the 21 is nearest the fire.

-स्वात्तः (written both as ˚स्वात्त and ˚ष्वात्त) (pl.) [अग्नितः i. e. श्राद्धीयविप्रकर- रूपानलात् सुष्ठु आत्तं ग्रहणं येषां ते] N. of a class of Pitṛs or Manes who, when living on earth, maintained the sacred or domestic fires, but who did not perform the Agniṣṭoma and other sacrifices. They are regarded as Manes of Gods and Brāhmaṇas and also as descen- dants of Marīchi; Ms.3.195. अग्निष्वात्ताः पितर एह गच्छत Tsy.2.5.12.2. (मनुष्यजन्मन्यग्निष्टोमादियागमकृत्वा स्मार्तकर्मनिष्ठाः सन्तो मृत्वा च पितृत्वं गताः इति सायणः).

-हुत्, -होतृ Ved. sacrificing to Agni, having Agni for a priest; Rv.1.66.8.

-होत्रम् [अग्नये हूयते$त्र, हु-त्र, च. त.]

1 an oblation to Agni (chiefly of milk, oil and sour gruel.).

-2 maintenance of the sacred fire and offering oblation to it; (अग्नये होत्रं होमो$स्मिन् कर्मणीति अग्निहोत्रमिति कर्मनाम); or the sacred fire itself; तपोवनाग्निहोत्रधूमलेखासु K.26. होता स्यात् ˚त्रस्य Ms.11.36. ˚त्रमुपासते 42; स्त्रीं दाहयेत् ˚त्रेण Ms.5.167,6.4, दाहयित्वाग्निहोत्रेण स्त्रियं वृत्तवतीम् Y.1.89. The time of throwing oblations into the fire is, as ordained by the sun himself, evening (अग्नये सायं जुहुयात् सूर्याय प्रातर्जुहुयात्). Agnihotra is of two kinds; नित्य of constant obligation (यावज्जीवमग्निहोत्रं जुहोति) and काम्य occasional or optional (उपसद्भिश्चरित्वा मासमेकमग्निहोत्रं जुहोति). (

-त्र) a. Ved.

1 destined for, connected with, Agnihotra.

-2 sacrificing to Agni. ˚न्यायः The rule according to which the नित्यकर्मन्s (which are to be performed यावज्जीवम्) are performed at their stipulated or scheduled time only, during one's life time. This is discussed and established by जैमिनि and शबर at Ms.6. 2.23-26. in connection with अग्निहोत्र and other कर्मन्s. ˚हवनी (णी) a ladle used in sacrificial libations, or अग्निहोत्रहविर्ग्रहणी ऋक् Tv.; See हविर्ग्रहणी; ˚हुत् offering the अग्निहोत्र; ˚आहुतिः invocation or oblation connected with अग्निहोत्र.

-होत्रिन् a. [अग्निहोत्र-मत्वर्थे इनि]

1 one who practises the Agnihotra, or consecrates and maintains the sacred fire.

-2 one who has prepared the sacrifi- cial place.

-होत्री Sacrificial cow; तामग्निहोत्रीमृषयो जगृहु- र्ब्रह्मवादिनः Bhāg.8.8.2.

interior of set

interior of sets

   Little information, much less knowledge, has been made public regarding Portugal's various intelligence services in recent times. Some information was published about the notorious political police during the Estado Novo (1926-74), but much less is known about intelligence units active during democratic Portugal (1974-). Although no comprehensive study has documented the Estado Novo's political police, the PIDE, which operated after 1932 under various names and was sometimes compared to the Portuguese Inquisition (1536-1821), more has become known since Portugal's democracy was established, on 25 April 1974. One striking feature of the pre-1974 political police's work was its multifunctional nature: in addition to terrorizing, persecuting, and sometimes murdering the opposition, PIDE operated a prison system, was empowered by special laws to detain prisoners for 90 days or more without charge, carried out criminal investigations, produced political and foreign intelligence for leaders, and exercised some censorship functions, as well as having the power of arrest.

   With the end of censorship after the Revolution of 25 April 1974 and the abolition of the political police, which had many informants among the population, more information was published on the intelligence services. Given the tragic, tangled history of the Estado Novo's political police and its impact, the new democratic regime was reluctant to set up intelligence services immediately. Care was taken to ensure that such activities under a democratic government would be conducted under strictly observed laws and would be consonant with democratic values and principles. Intelligence units were developed only in the 1980s and were oriented to report to the prime minister, as well as to the ministers of the interior and of national defense. By the late 1990s, the Serviço de Informações Estratégicas de Defesa e Militar/Strategic Defense and Military Information Service (SIEDM) was operating under the Ministry of Interior, along with Serviço de Informações de Segurança/Security Information Service (SIS), a civilian outfit responsible for domestic security. Along with the SIEDM, other military intelligence units are also responsible to the Ministry of National Defense, such as the Serviço de Informações Militares/Mili-tary Information Service (SIM) and Divisão de Informacões Militares/ Military Information Division (DIMIL). In the national legislature, the Assembly of the Republic, a number of permanent committees are responsible for monitoring intelligence activities.

SUBJECT AREA: Architecture and building

[br]

[br]

[br]

The name of Le Corbusier is synonymous with the International style of modern architecture and city planning, one utilizing functionalist designs carried out in twentieth-century materials with modern methods of construction. Charles-Edouard Jeanneret, born in the watch-making town of La Chaux-de-Fonds in the Jura mountain region, was the son of a watch engraver and dial painter. In the years before 1918 he travelled widely, studying building in many countries. He learned about the use of reinforced concrete in the studio of Auguste Perret and about industrial construction under Peter Behrens. In 1917 he went to live in Paris and spent the rest of his life in France; in 1920 he adopted the name of Le Corbusier, one derived from that of his ancestors (Le Corbesier), and ten years later became a French citizen.

Le Corbusier's long working life spanned a career divided into three distinct parts. Between 1905 and 1916 he designed a number of simple and increasingly modern houses; the years 1921 to 1940 were ones of research and debate; and the twenty years from 1945 saw the blossoming of his genius. After 1917 Le Corbusier gained a reputation in Paris as an architect of advanced originality. He was particularly interested in low-cost housing and in improving accommodation for the poor. In 1923 he published Vers une architecture, in which he planned estates of mass-produced houses where all extraneous and unnecessary features were stripped away and the houses had flat roofs and plain walls: his concept of "a machine for living in". These white boxes were lifted up on stilts, his pilotis, and double-height living space was provided internally, enclosed by large areas of factory glazing. In 1922 Le Corbusier exhibited a city plan, La Ville contemporaine, in which tall blocks made from steel and concrete were set amongst large areas of parkland, replacing the older concept of city slums with the light and air of modern living. In 1925 he published Urbanisme, further developing his socialist ideals. These constituted a major reform of the industrial-city pattern, but the ideas were not taken up at that time. The Depression years of the 1930s severely curtailed architectural activity in France. Le Corbusier designed houses for the wealthy there, but most of his work prior to 1945 was overseas: his Centrosoyus Administration Building in Moscow (1929–36) and the Ministry of Education Building in Rio de Janeiro (1943) are examples. Immediately after the end of the Second World War Le Corbusier won international fame for his Unité d'habitation theme, the first example of which was built in the boulevard Michelet in Marseille in 1947–52. His answer to the problem of accommodating large numbers of people in a small space at low cost was to construct an immense all-purpose block of pre-cast concrete slabs carried on a row of massive central supports. The Marseille Unité contains 350 apartments in eight double storeys, with a storey for shops half-way up and communal facilities on the roof. In 1950 he published Le Modular, which described a system of measurement based upon the human male figure. From this was derived a relationship of human and mathematical proportions; this concept, together with the extensive use of various forms of concrete, was fundamental to Le Corbusier's later work. In the world-famous and highly personal Pilgrimage Church of Notre Dame du Haut at Ronchamp (1950–5), Le Corbusier's work was in Expressionist form, a plastic design in massive rough-cast concrete, its interior brilliantly designed and lit. His other equally famous, though less popular, ecclesiastical commission showed a contrasting theme, of "brutalist" concrete construction with uncompromisingly stark, rectangular forms. This is the Dominican Convent of Sainte Marie de la Tourette at Eveux-sur-l'Arbresle near Lyon, begun in 1956. The interior, in particular, is carefully worked out, and the lighting, from both natural and artificial sources, is indirect, angled in many directions to illuminate vistas and planes. All surfaces are carefully sloped, the angles meticulously calculated to give optimum visual effect. The crypt, below the raised choir, is painted in bright colours and lit from ceiling oculi.

One of Le Corbusier's late works, the Convent is a tour de force.

[br]

SUBJECT AREA: Architecture and building

[br]

[br]

[br]

Wright began his career in 1887 working in the Chicago offices of Adler \& Sullivan. He conceived a great admiration for Sullivan, who was then concentrating upon large commercial projects in modern mode, producing functional yet decorative buildings which took all possible advantage of new structural methods. Wright was responsible for many of the domestic commissions.

In 1893 Wright left the firm in order to set up practice on his own, thus initiating a career which was to develop into three distinct phases. In the first of these, up until the First World War, he was chiefly designing houses in a concept in which he envisaged "the house as a shelter". These buildings displayed his deeply held opinion that detached houses in country areas should be designed as an integral part of the landscape, a view later to be evidenced strongly in the work of modern Finnish architects. Wright's designs were called "prairie houses" because so many of them were built in the MidWest of America, which Wright described as a "prairie". These were low and spreading, with gently sloping rooflines, very plain and clean lined, built of traditional materials in warm rural colours, blending softly into their settings. Typical was W.W.Willit's house of 1902 in Highland Park, Illinois.

In the second phase of his career Wright began to build more extensively in modern materials, utilizing advanced means of construction. A notable example was his remarkable Imperial Hotel in Tokyo, carefully designed and built in 1916–22 (now demolished), with special foundations and structure to withstand (successfully) strong earthquake tremors. He also became interested in the possibilities of reinforced concrete; in 1906 he built his church at Oak Park, Illinois, entirely of this material. In the 1920s, in California, he abandoned his use of traditional materials for house building in favour of precast concrete blocks, which were intended to provide an "organic" continuity between structure and decorative surfacing. In his continued exploration of the possibilities of concrete as a building material, he created the dramatic concept of'Falling Water', a house built in 1935–7 at Bear Run in Pennsylvania in which he projected massive reinforced-concrete terraces cantilevered from a cliff over a waterfall in the woodlands. In the later 1930s an extraordinary run of original concepts came from Wright, then nearing 70 years of age, ranging from his own winter residence and studio, Taliesin West in Arizona, to the administration block for Johnson Wax (1936–9) in Racine, Wisconsin, where the main interior ceiling was supported by Minoan-style, inversely tapered concrete columns rising to spreading circular capitals which contained lighting tubes of Pyrex glass.

Frank Lloyd Wright continued to work until four days before his death at the age of 91. One of his most important and certainly controversial commissions was the Solomon R.Guggenheim Museum in New York. This had been proposed in 1943 but was not finally built until 1956–9; in this striking design the museum's exhibition areas are ranged along a gradually mounting spiral ramp lit effectively from above. Controversy stemmed from the unusual and original design of exterior banding and interior descending spiral for wall-display of paintings: some critics strongly approved, while others, equally strongly, did not.

[br]

декор|атор - м.
1. (театральный) scene-painter;

2. (помещений) interior decorator;
~ация ж. set, stage set;
мн. scenery sg. ;
перен. show;
trimmings pl. ;
всё это одна ~ация it`s all for show;
перемена ~аций change of scene;
~ировать несов. и сов. (вн.) decorate( smth.).

1) освещение

1) General subject: decorator, ornamenter, paperhanger, (напр. зала на свадьбе) set builder, estate expert (= house fluffer (A decorator who recommends improvements and renovations designed to maximize a house's sale price - http://www.wordspy.com)), house fluffer (A decorator who recommends improvements and renovations designed to maximize a house's sale price - http://www.wordspy.com)

2) Architecture: interior decorator

3) Cinema: color man, dresser, set dresser

4) Advertising: stylist

5) Business: display arranger

6) Makarov: designer, paper-hanger

1) General subject: d, decoy, dummy, maquette, miniature (модели построек и т. п. в миниатюре), model, training hardware (для тренировки), draft (a preliminary draft of a report)

2) Aviation: mock-up model

3) Naval: diagram

4) Military: deception device, simulation device (цели, объекта)

5) Engineering: breadboard, breadboard construction, breadboard model, camera-ready copy, dummy (модель), experimental model, model (модель), pattern (модель), prototype (опытный образец), set-up

6) Automobile industry: mockup (автомобиля, трактора)

7) Architecture: architectural model, maquette (exterior, interior, urban, engineering and construction models)

8) Cinema: miniature (модели построек и т.п. в миниатюре), scale model

9) Polygraphy: layout sheet, mock-up (модель)

10) TV: setup

11) Telecommunications: preliminary sample

12) Information technology: artwork, brassboard, dummy (установки), layout, layout drawing (расположения информации на перфокарте), mockup, model set

13) Oil: mock-up, pictorial

14) Astronautics: benchmark unit, engineering unit, equivalent, replica, simulator

15) Cartography: model (напр. местности), target model (местности)

16) Metrology: prototype unit

17) Mechanics: physical simulator, prototype hardware

18) Advertising: layout (издания), makeup, pre-production prototype

19) Patents: lay-out (книги)

20) Household appliances: breadboard construction setup

21) Microelectronics: brassboard prototype, breadboard prototype

22) Automation: production prototype

23) Quality control: breadboard kit, preproduction prototype

24) Robots: dummy model ( бутафорский), mock-up (бутафорский), prototype hardware (аппаратный), puppet (массогабаритный)

25) Chemical weapons: layout (печатных изданий)

26) Aviation medicine: simulator device

27) Makarov: dummy (модель, напр. автомобиля, самолёта и т.п. в различных масштабах для целей проектирования, обучения и т.п.), dummy (установки, машины), layout draw, mock-up (в натуральную величину), mock-up (модель, напр. автомобиля, самолёта и т.п. в различных масштабах для целей проектирования, обучения и т.п.), mockup (в натуральную величину), model (модель, напр. автомобиля, самолёта и т.п. в различных масштабах для целей проектирования, обучения и т.п.), pattern (модель, напр. автомобиля, самолёта и т.п. в различных масштабах для целей проектирования, обучения и т.п.), phantom, prototype model

1) General subject: decorative artist, designer, scene-painter, scene painter, set decorator

2) Engineering: art director, interior designer, scenic designer, set designer

Adv.

1. (on the) inside; innen und außen inside and out(side); nach innen tragen etc.: inside; nach innen (zu) inward(s); die Tür geht nach innen auf the door opens inward(s) ( oder into the hall etc.); nach innen gekehrt Mantel: inside-out; Pelzfutter etc.: on the inside, facing inwards; fig. Person: introspective, stärker: introverted; von innen from (the) inside; hast du das Haus von innen gesehen? have you been inside the house?; hast du ein Filmstudio / Fernsehgerät schon einmal von innen gesehen? auch have you ever seen inside a film studio / looked inside (umg. seen the innards of) a TV set?

2. österr. (hier drinnen) inside; hier innen in here

* * *

inside (Adv.); within (Adv.)

* * *

1) inside; (= auf der Innenseite) on the inside; (= im Haus) indoors, inside

2)

* * *

1) (to, in, or on, the inside: The door was open and he went inside; She shut the door but left her key inside by mistake.) inside

2) (in a house or building: You should stay inside in such bad weather.) inside

3) (expressing the position of a person etc, usually at or to a place where the person etc is expected to be, eg home, office, station: Is Mr Smith in?; Is the train in yet?; Is he coming in today?) in

4) internally

5) (inside: Car for sale. Apply within.) within

* * *

1. (im Inneren) on the inside

das Haus ist \innen ganz mit Holz verkleidet the interior of the house has wood panelling throughout

\innen und außen on the inside and outside

nach \innen indoors, inside

die Tür geht nach \innen auf the door opens inwards

von \innen from the inside

ein Computer von \innen ist recht verwirrend the inside of a computer is extremely confusing

2. (auf der Innenseite) on the inside

3. bes ÖSTERR (drinnen) inside

* * *

1) inside; (auf/an der Innenseite) on the inside

2) (österr.): (drinnen) inside; (im Haus) indoors

* * *

innen adv

1. (on the) inside;

innen und außen inside and out(side);

nach innen tragen etc: inside;

nach innen (zu) inward(s);

die Tür geht nach innen auf the door opens inward(s) ( oder into the hall etc);

nach innen gekehrt Mantel: inside-out; Pelzfutter etc: on the inside, facing inwards; fig Person: introspective, stärker: introverted;

von innen from (the) inside;

hast du das Haus von innen gesehen? have you been inside the house?;

hast du ein Filmstudio/Fernsehgerät schon einmal von innen gesehen? auch have you ever seen inside a film studio/looked inside (umg seen the innards of) a TV set?

2. österr (hier drinnen) inside;

hier innen in here

* * *

1) inside; (auf/an der Innenseite) on the inside

2) (österr.): (drinnen) inside; (im Haus) indoors

* * *

indoor adv.

indoors adv.

inside adv.

interiorly adv.

inwards adv.

1 to catch.

La policía atrapa ladrones The police catches thieves.

2 to latch onto, to grab.

Finalmente atrapó un novio She finally latch onto a boyfriend.

3 to entrap.

* * *

► verbo transitivo

1 to seize, capture, catch

* * *

1) to trap, capture

2) catch

* * *

1) [en trampa] to trap; (=apresar) to capture; [+ resfriado etc] to catch

2) (=engañar) to take in, deceive

* * *

verbo transitivo <conejo/ladrón> to catch

* * *

= lock, trap, catch, tether, entrap, ensnare, hunt down, snare, bust.

Ex. If the analogy with the fairy story is taken a little further it can be noted that no author really believes in dragons, wicked queens, fair maidens locked in high towers and the like.

Ex. If the borrower being processed has been set to be trapped, DOBIS/LIBIS displays the message: 'You have trapped a borrower'.

Ex. 'And of course,' said the director, brightening as his idea gave birth to another one in her mind, 'it will be interesting to know how efficient electronic systems are at catching thieves'.

Ex. The book reached the limits of its potential as an information carrier long ago and libraries unfortunately allowed themselves to become tethered by those limitations.

Ex. Librarians have been known to devote time to entrap and arrest individuals who use the library toilets for sexual purposes = Hay casos de bibliotecarios que han dedicado tiempo a atrapar y detener a individuos que utilizan los servicios de la biblioteca con fines sexuales.

Ex. The novel has many trappings that will ensnare the average reader but skulking at the bottom of its well of intrigue is a timeless terror more attuned to the mature sensibilities of an adult audience.

Ex. Clinton promised that those responsible would be hunted down and punished.

Ex. In fact, the Indians had been snaring animals long before the white man came to North America.

Ex. On Saturday, a trooper stood on a street corner dressed in plain clothes and helped bust 30 people for not wearing their seat belts.

----

* atrapado en = enmeshed in.

* atrapar contra = pin + Nombre + against.

* * *

verbo transitivo <conejo/ladrón> to catch

* * *

* * *

atrapar [A1 ]

‹mariposas/conejo› to catch

atraparon al ladrón they caught the thief

quedaron atrapados en el interior del local they were trapped inside the building

* * *

* * *

atrapar vt

1. [agarrar, alcanzar] to catch;

la policía atrapó a los atracadores the police caught the bank robbers;

el portero atrapó la pelota the goalkeeper caught the ball

2. Fam [contraer] to come down with;

he atrapado un resfriado I've come down with a cold

* * *

v/t catch, trap

* * *

atrapar vt

: to trap, to capture

* * *

atrapar vb to catch [pt. & pp. caught]

1 exhibition, exposition, show, display.

2 payment of an installment.

3 partial payment for stock subscription.

* * *

► nombre femenino

1 (exposición) exhibition, show

2 CINEMATOGRAFÍA showing

* * *

1) exhibition, show

2) display

* * *

1) (=demostración) show, display

2) (Cine) showing

3) (Dep) exhibition, display

4) Méx (Com) payment of an instalment o (EEUU) installment

* * *

a) ( demostración) display

b) (de cuadros, artefactos) exhibition, display

c) (Cin) screening, showing

* * *

= showcase, show, exhibit.

Ex. This journal serves as a vehicle for the continuing education of librarians, as a showcase for current practice and as a spotlight for significant activities.

Ex. Locate the exhibit catalog for a show of American impressionists held at the Corcoran Gallery in 1985.

Ex. Models and displays set up in the salesrooms or as special exhibits are both decorative and interesting.

----

* adiestramiento ecuestre de exhibición = dressage.

* doma de exhibición = dressage.

* doma ecuestre de exhibición = dressage.

* * *

a) ( demostración) display

b) (de cuadros, artefactos) exhibition, display

c) (Cin) screening, showing

* * *

* * *

1 (demostración) display

haciendo exhibición de su fuerza showing off o displaying his strength

una exhibición de gimnasia a gymnastics display

2 (de cuadros, artefactos) exhibition, display

estar en exhibición to be on show o display, to be exhibited

no dejes la ropa interior en exhibición ( hum); don't leave your underwear lying around for all the world to see ( colloq)

3 ( Cin) screening, showing

* * *

a) ( demostración) display

b) (de cuadros, artefactos) exhibition, display;

◊ estar en exhibición to be on show o display

* * *

exhibición nf

1. [demostración] show, display;

hicieron una exhibición de fuerza they gave a show of strength;

el equipo dio una auténtica exhibición the team put on a magnificent performance

2. [artística] exhibition;

una exhibición de objetos precolombinos an exhibition of pre-Columbian artefacts

3. [deportiva] exhibition;

una exhibición de billar artístico an exhibition of artistic billiards

4. [de películas] showing

* * *

1 display, demonstration

2 de película screening, showing

* * *

exhibición nf, pl - ciones

1) : exhibition, show

2) : showing

* * *

exhibición n

1. (en general) display

2. (de deporte, baile) demonstration

3. (de una película) showing

1 mental.

2 psychic.

* * *

► adjetivo

1 mental

* * *

* * *

ADJ [esfuerzo, salud] mental; [capacidad, trabajo] intellectual

* * *

adjetivo mental

* * *

= mental.

Ex. We are only making use of only a small part of our possible mental and physical resources.

----

* aberración mental = mental aberration.

* actitud mental = set of mind.

* actividad mental = mental activity.

* agotamiento físico y mental = attrition.

* bloque mental = writer's block.

* bloqueo mental = mental block, mental blockage.

* bloqueo mental del escritor = writer's block.

* capacidad mental = mental capability.

* control mental = mind control.

* deficiencia mental = mental deficiency.

* deficiente mental = mentally deficient.

* desequilibrado mental = mentally unstable.

* desquiciado mental = out of + Posesivo + mind, out of + Posesivo + senses.

* diarrea mental = brain spew, spew.

* discapacidad mental = mental disability.

* enajenado mental = deranged, out of + Posesivo + mind, out of + Posesivo + senses.

* enfermedad mental = mental disease, brain disorder, mental disorder.

* enfermo mental = mental patient, mentally ill.

* enfermos mentales, los = mentally disturbed, the, mentally handicapped, the, mentally ill, the, insane, the.

* en forma física y mental = physically and mentally fit.

* en pleno uso de + Posesivo + facultades físicas y mentales = of (a) sound mind, of (a) sound and disposing mind and memory, mentally fit, physically and mentally fit.

* envejecimiento mental = mental aging.

* experimento mental = thought experiment.

* facultad mental = mental faculty.

* habilidad mental = mental ability.

* higiene mental = mental hygiene.

* lapsus mental = mental lapse.

* manipulación mental = mind control.

* mapa mental = rich picture.

* masturbación mental = mental masturbation.

* paja mental = mental masturbation.

* personas con discapacidades mentales, las = intellectually disabled, the.

* personas con problemas mentales = disturbed people.

* proceso mental = thought process.

* retrasado mental = mentally backward.

* retrasados mentales, los = mentally retarded, the.

* rompecabezas mental = brain teaser, brain tickler.

* salto mental = mental leap.

* salud mental = mental health.

* tener un bloqueo mental = mind + go blank.

* trastornado mental = out of + Posesivo + mind, out of + Posesivo + senses.

* trastorno mental = psychiatric disorder, brain disorder.

* * *

adjetivo mental

* * *

* * *

‹capacidad› mental, intellectual; ‹cansancio› mental

proceso mental thinking process

* * *

* * *

mental adj

mental

* * *

adj mental

* * *

mental adj

: mental, intellectual

♦ mentalmente adv

* * *

mental adj mental

1 molting.

2 change of underwear.

3 molt, shedding of the outer coat or integument by snakes and crustaceans, shedding, shed skin.

4 change of clothing, change of underwear, set.

3^rd person singular (él/ella/ello) present indicative of spanish verb: mudar.

* * *

► nombre femenino

1 (de ropa) change of clothes, particularly underwear

2 (de plumas) moulting (US molting)

3 (de la voz) breaking

* * *

f., (m. - mudo)

* * *

1) [de ropa] change of underwear

2) (Zool) [de piel] slough; [de pelo, plumaje] moult, molt (EEUU)

3) [de la voz] breaking

* * *

femenino ( de ropa) change of clothes; ( de la piel) shedding, sloughing off

* * *

femenino ( de ropa) change of clothes; ( de la piel) shedding, sloughing off

* * *

1 (de ropa) change of clothes

2 (de la piel) shedding, sloughing off

* * *

3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) presente indicativo

2ª persona singular (tú) imperativo

◊ las serpientes mudan de piel snakes slough off o shed their skin;

a) ( de casa) to move (house);

◊ se mudaon a una casa más grande they moved to a bigger house

b) ( de ropa) to get changed, change (one's) clothes

* * *

muda nf

1. [de plumas] moulting;

2. [ropa interior] change of underwear

3. ver mudo

* * *

f de ropa change of clothes

* * *

muda nf

1) : change

muda de ropa: change of clothes

2) : molt, molting

1ª persona singular (yo) presente indicativo

3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) pretérito indicativo

a) ( con el pie) ‹mina/clavo› to step on;

◊ la pisó sin querer he accidentally stepped o (esp BrE) trod on her foot;

b) ( humillar) to trample on, walk all over

a) (Coc) to mash

b) (fam) ( atropellar) to run over

◊ pisó mal y se cayó she lost her footing and fell

a) ( de edificio) floor, story^{( conjugate story)};

◊ una casa de seis pisos a six-story building;

b) ( de pastel) layer

a) ( suelo) floor

b) ( de carretera) road surface

◊ piso piloto (Esp) show apartment o (BrE) flat

3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) presente indicativo

2ª persona singular (tú) imperativo

1ª persona singular (yo) presente subjuntivo

3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) presente subjuntivo

3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) imperativo

◊ prenda íntima undergarment, item of underwear

a) ‹cigarrillo/cerilla› to light;

◊ prenda(le) fuego a algo to set fire to sth

b) (AmL) ‹ gas› to light;

a) [fósforo/piloto] to light;

b) (AmL) [luz/radio/televisión] to come on;

◊ la televisión no prende the TV won't come on

a) ( con fuego) to catch fire

b) (AmL) [luz/radio/televisión] to come on

1) (the brightness given by the sun, a flame, lamps etc that makes things able to be seen: It was nearly dawn and the light was getting stronger; Sunlight streamed into the room.) luz

2) (something which gives light (eg a lamp): Suddenly all the lights went out.) luz

3) (something which can be used to set fire to something else; a flame: Have you got a light for my cigarette?) lume

4) (a way of viewing or regarding: He regarded her action in a favourable light.) luz

1) (having light; not dark: The studio was a large, light room.) claro

2) ((of a colour) pale; closer to white than black: light green.) claro

1) (to give light to: The room was lit only by candles.) iluminar

2) (to (make something) catch fire: She lit the gas; I think this match is damp, because it won't light.) acender-se

•

- lightness

- lighten

- lighter

1) (easy to lift or carry; of little weight: I bought a light suitcase for plane journeys.) leve

2) (easy to bear, suffer or do: Next time the punishment will not be so light.) leve

3) ((of food) easy to digest: a light meal.) ligeiro

4) (of less weight than it should be: The load of grain was several kilos light.) leve

5) (of little weight: Aluminium is a light metal.) leve

6) (lively or agile: She was very light on her feet.) ágil

7) (cheerful; not serious: light music.) ligeiro

8) (little in quantity; not intense, heavy, strong etc: light rain.) leve

9) ((of soil) containing a lot of sand.) arenoso

•

- lightly

- lightness

- lighten

- light-fingered

* * *

[lait] n 1 luz, claridade, iluminação, brilho. 2 fonte de luz (lâmpada, vela, etc.). 3 janela. 4 clarabóia. 5 alvorada, clarear do dia, luz diurna. 6 fig exposição, conhecimento público. 7 compreensão, esclarecimento, conhecimento. 8 iluminação espiritual, luz interior, verdade. 9 aspecto, ponto de vista. 10 sinal de trânsito, farol. 11 fig luminar, sumidade. 12 algo usado para acender (acendedor, fósforo, isqueiro, fogo). 13 inspiração. • vt+vi (ps and pp lit or lighted) 1 iluminar, acender, brilhar. 2 inflamar. 3 iluminar-se, acender-se. 4 clarear. • adj brilhante, claro, luminoso. according to my lights a meu ver, no meu entender. against the light contra a luz. between the lights a) à meia-luz. b) no crepúsculo. fast to light que não desbota pela ação da luz, resistente à luz. in a good (bad) light de modo favorável (desfavorável). in the light of à luz de, considerando. men of light and leading homens de saber e influência. to bring to light descobrir, elucidar. to come to light tornar-se conhecido. to light out sair apressadamente, fugir. to see the light a) nascer. b) passar a existir, tornar-se público. c) compreender, entender. to shed light explicar, elucidar. to stand in one’s own light frustrar os próprios planos ou desejos.

————————

[lait] adj 1 leve. 2 fácil, simples. 3 ligeiro, rápido, ágil. 4 Phon átono. 5 alegre, jocoso. 6 trivial, de pouca importância. 7 frívolo, leviano. 8 claro. 9 fraco (bebidas). 10 suave, brando. 11 poroso, friável. 12 tonto, amalucado, delirante. • adv 1 levemente. 2 facilmente. a light heart despreocupação, sensação de alegria. light as a feather leve como uma pluma. light come, light go fácil vem, fácil vai. light in the head a) tonto. b) bobo. c) louco. to have light fingers ter dedos leves, ter tendência a furtar. to make light of fazer pouco de, não levar a sério.

————————

[lait] vt+vi 1 aliviar. 2 desmontar, apear(-se). 3 descer, pousar. 4 encontrar por acaso. 5 golpear, atacar (com into).

* * *

1. ( устройство освещения) illumination, lighting

2. ( свет) light

3. ( воздействие света) exposure to light

авари́йное освеще́ние — emergency lighting

ве́рхнее освеще́ние — overhead lighting

вну́треннее освеще́ние — interior lighting

встро́енное освеще́ние — built-in [integral] lighting

освеще́ние гологра́ммы — hologram illumination

декорати́вное освеще́ние — decorative lighting

дневно́е освеще́ние — daylight illumination

доро́жное освеще́ние — highway lighting

есте́ственное освеще́ние — natural lighting

освеще́ние залива́ющим све́том — flood-lighting

и́мпульсное освеще́ние — flash light, flash illumination

индивидуа́льное освеще́ние — individual lighting

иску́сственное освеще́ние — artificial lighting

киносъё́мочное освеще́ние — motion-picture set lighting

ко́нтровое освеще́ние кфт. — back lighting

освеще́ние ла́мпами нака́ливания — incandescent lighting

люминесце́нтное освеще́ние — fluorescent lighting

ме́стное освеще́ние — local lighting

мя́гкое освеще́ние — soft light

напра́вленное освеще́ние — directional lighting

нару́жное освеще́ние — exterior [outdoor] lighting

неактини́чное освеще́ние кфт. — safe light

о́бщее освеще́ние — general lighting

освеще́ние обще́ственных мест — public lighting

опера́торское освеще́ние кфт. — set lighting

освеще́ние отражё́нным све́том — indirect lighting

освеще́ние полуотражё́нным све́том — semi-indirect lighting

потоло́чное освеще́ние — overhead illumination

промы́шленное освеще́ние — industrial lighting

освеще́ние прямы́м све́том — direct lighting

освеще́ние рассе́янным све́том — diffuse lighting

рекла́мное освеще́ние — display lighting

у́личное освеще́ние — street lighting

освеще́ние фотолаборато́рии — room illumination