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1 πασάρω
pas vermek -
2 δεν
pas -
3 λέπω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `peel (off)' (Il.)Other forms: aor. λέψαι, fut. λέψω (Il.), perf. midd. ἀπο-λέλεμμαι (Epich.), aor. pass. ἀπελέπη ἀπελεπίσθη H.; also with ablaut λέλαμμαι (Att. inscr. around 330a), ἐκ-λαπῆναι (Ar. Fr. 164),Dialectal forms: Myc. repoto \/leptos\/.Derivatives: Many derivv. A. With ε-grade (from the present): 1. λεπτός (cf. στρεπ-τός a.o. in Ammann Μνήμης χάριν 1,17) `peeled' = `unveiled' (Υ 497), `thin, meager, weak, fine, delicate' (Il., often as 1. member. Poet. lengthened λεπτ-αλέος `weak, fine' (Il.; Chantraine Form. 255), λεπτ-ακινός'id.' (AP; from *λέπταξ ?, Bechtel Lex. s. φυζακινός); further λεπτίον `beaker' (pap.) from λεπτόν (sc. κεράμιον) `thin earthenware' (pap.), λεπτάγιον kind of vase? ( PHib. 1, 47, 13; IIIa; acc. to the edd. perh. = λεπτόγειον `barren land'), λεπτάριον name of a medic. instrument (Herm. 38, 282); λεπτίτιδες κριθαί kind of barley (Gp.; Redard Les noms grecs en - της 113); λεπτότης f. `thinness, leanness etc.' (IA.), λεπτοσύνη `id.' (AP); λεπτύνω, - ομαι `make thin etc. resp. become' (Hp., X., Arist.) with λεπτυσμός, λέπτυνσις (Hp.), - υντικός (Dsc., Gal.). - 2. λεπρός `scaly, with eruption, uneven, raw' (Hp., Hippon., hell.), f. λεπράς (Theoc., Opp.); λέπρα, ion. - ρη `efflorescence, leprosy' (Ion., Arist., hell.), both prob. first from an ρ-stem (cf. Schwyzer 481); with λεπρώδης `with unevennesses, leprous' (Ael., Dsc., medic.), λεπρικός `regarding efflorescence' (Dsc., pap.); denomin. verbs λεπράω `become scaly, efflorescent' (Ion.), also λεπρ-ιάω (Dsc.; after the verbs of disease in - ιάω); λεπρόομαι `become efflorescent' (LXX, pap.) with λέπρωσις = λέπρα (Tz.), λεπρύνομαι `besome scaly, uneven' (Nic.). - 3. λέπος n. (Alex., Nic., Luc.) with λέπιον (Hp.), usu. λεπίς, - ίδος f. (Ion. hell.) `scale, shell, pod, metal plate' with dimin. λεπίδιον (Hero), also as plant-name `pepperwort' (Dsc., Gal., Ath.; as remedy against efflorescence), λεπιδίσκη `id.' (Imbros IIa); further λεπιδ-ωτός `scaly' (Hdt., Arist.), with λεπιδόομαι `become scaly' (Hp.); other denomin.: λεπίζω (: λέπος or λεπίς) `remove the scale etc., peel off' (hell.) with λέπισμα `scale' (LXX, Dsc., Gal.); ἐλέπουν οἷον ἐλέπιζον. H. (: λεπόω, - έω); note λέπασμα `pod, skin' (sch. Nic. Th. 184); rather lengthened from λέπος as from *λεπάζω. - 4. On λεπάς, λέπας s. v. - 5. λέπῡρον `scale, pod' (LXX, Batr.) with λεπυρώδης `like scales' (Thphr.); λεπύρ-ιον `id.' (Hp., Arist., Theoc.), - ιώδης `like scales, consisting of...' (Arist., Thphr.), λεπυρίζομαι `be enveloped by a scale' (sch.), λεπυριῶσαι ἐξαχυριῶσαι H.; besides λεπῠρός `in a scale' (Nic.); on the υ-stem beside λέπρ-α, λέπος cf. e. g. αἶσχος. On itself stands λεπύχανον `coat (of an onion), fruit-schale' (Theopomp. Com., Plu., Dsc.), prob. popular cross with λάχανον, s. Strömberg Wortstudien 52. - B. With ο-grade. 6. λοπός m. `scale, rind' (τ 233, Hp.) with λόπιμος `easy to peel off', (Nic., Gal.), λόπιμα κάστανα... H.; Arbenz Adj. auf - ιμος 101; dimin. λοπάς f. `dish', also name of a crustacean and a plant-disease (com., Thphr., Luc.), with λοπάδ-ιον (com., pap.), - ίσκος (sch.); λοπίς `scale, dish etc.' (Ar., inscr.) with λοπίδιον (Delos); denomin. λοπάω `scale off, let the bark peel off' (Thphr.) with λοπητός m. `time to be peeled off' (Thphr.), λοπίζω `be peeled off' (Thphr., pap.). -7. On ἔλλοψ s. v. - C. With lengthened grade s. λώπη `pod, coat' (Od., Theoc., A. R.), λῶπος m. `id.' (Alc. [?], Hippon., Anacr., Herod.); as 1. member in λωπο-δύ-της m. "who travels in (foreign) clothes", `thief of clothes' with λωποδυτ-έω etc. (Att.); suffixless form λώψ χλαμύς H.; cf. Schwyzer 515, Chantraine Form. 424. Dimin. λώπιον (Arist., inscr.); denomin. ἀπο-, περι-λωπίζω `undress, put off' (S., Hyp.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: The primary thematic present λέπω, from which all verbal forms were derived ( λέλαμμαι, - λαπῆναι innovations after ἔστραμμαι, στραφῆναι etc.), has no direct agreements outside Greek. There are a few nominal formations, which resemble the Greek forms: Lith. lãpas `leaf', Alb. lapë `rag, leaf, peritoneum' (: λοπός), Lith. lõpas `rag, piece' (: λῶπος; also OE lōf m. `band of the forehead'??, Holthausen IF 32, 340), with Russ. lápotь `shoe of bark' (lapotók `rag, piece'); quite doubtful OE leber, læfer f. `rush, cane, metal plate' (: λέπρα?; Holthausen IF 48, 255). With λέπος one compared also Lat. s-stem lepōs `fine-ness, delicacy', and the Slav. extension in Russ. lépest `rag, piece, leaf of a flower'. Given the productivity of these formations and the varying meanings we may have parallel creations. - Further, partly very doubtful and debated forms in WP. 2, 429f., Pok. 678, W.-Hofmann s. lepidus, Fraenkel Lit. et. Wb. s. lãpas, lõpas, also lèpti `be coddled', Vasmer Russ. et. Wb. s. lépest, lápotь, lópotõk; with rich lit. - We can safely conclude that the verb is not IE: there is hardly a formal agreement, nor does the meaning agree well. So the verb will be Pre-Greek. Note the forms λεπάγιον, λεπακινός, λέπασμα, λέπυρον, λεπύχανον, λέπρα, λώψ, λῶπος etc. The verb may be compared with ὀλόπτω and ὀλούφω, which would also point to a non-IE word.Page in Frisk: 2,105-107Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > λέπω
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4 κάμπτω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `bend, bow, curve' (Il., IA.).Other forms: fut. κάμψω, aor. κάμψαι, pass. καμφθῆναι (A., Th.; v. l. Ι 158), perf. pass. κεκάμφθαι (Hp.),Compounds: often with prefix, e. g. ἀνα-, κατα-, ἐπι-, περι-, συν-; as 1. member e. g. in καμψί-πους adjunct of Έρινύς (A. Th. 791 [lyr.]), meaning uncertain,Derivatives: Substant. 1. ( ἀνα-, ἐπι-, περι-, συγ-)καμπή `bow, curvature' (IA.) with κάμπιμος `bent' (E. IT 81, verse end; after πομπή: πόμπιμος, s. Arbenz Die Adj. auf - ιμος 81); ἐπικάμπ-ιος `forming an ἐπικαμπή, bow, bend', milit. a. building techn. expression (Ph. Bel., Plb.). 2. ( ἀνα-, κατα-, ἐπι-, συγ- etc.) κάμψις `bow, curving' (IA.); s. Schwyzer 444 n. 11. 3. καμπτήρ, - ῆρος m. "bender, curver", as milit. and sport-term `bend, turning-point of the racing course' (X., Arist., Herod.) with καμπτήριος (sch.). 4. περικάμπτης `tergiversator' (gloss.). - Adject. 5. καμπύλος `bent, curved' (Il.; after ἀγκύλος, Chantraine Formation 250) with καμπύλη f. `crook' (Ar., Plu.), καμπουλίρ (= καμπυλίς) ἐλαίας εἶδος. Λάκωνες H., καμπυλότης `being curved' (Hp., Arist.), καμπύλλω `curve' (Hp.), also καμπυλεύομαι, καμπυλόομαι (medic.), καμπυλιάζω (Phot., Suid.); poet. lengthening καμπυλόεις (AP; Schwyzer 527). 6. ἐπι-, περι-καμπής `curved', from ἐπι-, περι-κάμπτω (vgl. Chantraine 426f., Strömberg Prefix Studies 101). 7. καμπτικός `flexible' (Arist., Poll.). 8. καμψόν καμπύλον H.; after γαμψός? (cf. Schwyzer 516, Chantraine 434, Stang Symb. Oslo. 23, 46ff.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: This root, which is well represented in Greek, has a verbal stem καμπ- without ablaut, with the primary verbal noun καμπ-ή (with καμπ-ύλος?) and κάμπ-τω with κάμψαι etc., and has in the other languages scattered nominal representatives, partly in metaph. meanings and therefore not always certain: Latv. kampis `curved wood, hook for a kettle', Lith. kam̃pas `corner, side, hidden place', also `curved wood at the collar (of a horse)', with which agree both Lat. campus `field' (prop. `(bow) Biegung, (lower field) Niederung'?) and a German. adj. `mutilated, lame', e. g. Goth. hamfs. "Beside it stands with final -b (cf. on σκαμβός) a Celtic adjective `curved', OIr. camm etc. (\< * cambo-; to which Krahe Beitr. z. Namenforschung 3, 231 connects the brook- and place-name Kobenz \< * Kambantia); cf. further Campona GN in Pannonia). - Further there are in Baltic several words for `curved etc.' with u-vowel, Lith. kum̃pas `curved', Latv. kùmpt `become bent, verschrumpfen' a. o., which may have a reduced vowel-grade, but at the same time have a popular character and therefore can only be added here with reserve." The same applies perhaps even more to a few Skt. words: kumpa- `lame in the hand' (lex.) and, because of the meaning, Skt. kampate `tremble'; cf. Mayrhofer KEWA s.vv." More forms in Pok. 525, W.-Hofmann s. campus, Fraenkel Lit. et. Wb. s. kam̃pas. - From κάμψαι perh. Lat. campsāre `sail around, bend off' (Span. cansar etc., Rice Lang. 19, 154ff.); from καμπή Lat.-Rom. camba, gamba (see Fohalle Mélanges Vendryes 157ff., Kretschmer Glotta 16, 166f.) and Alb. kāmbë `leg, foot' (Mann Lang. 17, 19 and 26, 380); from καμπύλος Osman. kambur `hump, humpy' \> NGr. καβούρης (Maidhof Glotta 10, 10); in Byz. γαμματίζω = κάμπτω, - ομαι Amantos assumes (s. Kretschmer Glotta 16, 179) a noun *γάμμα, *κάμμα. - I have maintained here Frisk's discussion, as it shows clearly how unreliable the material is; it is rather from a substratum language. To this comes that IE would require a form * kh₂mp-, a type that is quite rare. The conclusion can only be that καμπ- is of Pre-Greek origin. - Cf. on γαμψός and γνάμτω, for which I also arrived at this conclusion.Page in Frisk: 1,774-775Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κάμπτω
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5 πεσσός
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `the oval stone in board games', most pl. `gaming piece, board game, checkers', often metaph. in several meanings (α 107).Other forms: Att. πεττός.Compounds: As 1. member in πεσσο-νομέω `to arrange the gaming pieces', also metaph. (A., com.).Derivatives: πεσσάριον n. `pessary' (medic.); πεσσ-ικός, - ττ- `belonging to board games' (Apion); - εύω, rarely w. δια-, μετα-, `to play with the gaming pieces on a board' (IA.) with - εία, - ευτής, - ευτικός, - ευτήριον (Pl., pap.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]Etymology: Foreign word of unknown origin; Semit. etym. (Aram. pīs(s)ā `stone, small table') by Lewy Fremdw. 159f., Grimme Glotta 14, 18. Skt. pāśaḥ m. `die', pāśī f. (rather pāṣī; cf. on πέλλα) `stone' remain far; s. Mayrhofer s. vv. w. lit. On further proposals which are to be rejected s. Lidén Arm. Stud. 55 ff., where, also improbable, also Arm. yesan `whetstone' is adduced. -- Furnée 270 cites Hitt. piššu n. 14 `rock, block of stone' (without conclusion). The word may well be Pre-Greek (*peky-?)Page in Frisk: 2,519Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > πεσσός
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6 ἀφάκη
Grammatical information: f.,Meaning: `Wicke, Vicia angustifolia' (Pherekr.).Other forms: ἄφακος (Schwyzer-Debrunner 30)Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Dsc. and Galen think it comes from φακός `lentil'. The ἀ- is privative-pejorative acc. to Strömberg, Wortstudien 46f. (like Unkraut, but see Seiler, Studia Linguistica, 1952, 90f.). Frisk (Subst. priv. 20) proposed haplology from *ἀπο-φάκη (cf. ἀπό-λινον, ἀπό-μελι etc.). Chantr. notes: "L'emploi d'un thème en -η pour un thème en - ος attendu ne constitue pas une difficulté décisive et les hypothèses compliquées de Strömberg ne sont pas indispensable." This makes Fur. 373 more probable, who takes the ἀ- as a prothetic vowel and considers the word as a substr. word; note - ος: -η). Thus also Pisani, Paideia 11 (1956) 296.Page in Frisk: 1,194Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀφάκη
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7 οὐσι-ώδης
οὐσι-ώδης, ες, wesenartig, substantiell, Sp., wie Iambl.; Hermog. de pas. 2.
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8 ἤ
ἤ (once following vowel, I. 1.16 q. v.; once followed by ϝ, I. 1.16; once correpted by following vowel, O. 13.113; thrice not correpted, I. 7.8—10.)1 in alternative questions. τίς γὰρ ἱππείοις ἐν ἔντεσσιν μέτρα ἢ θεῶν ναοῖσιν οἰωνῶν βασιλέα δίδυμον ἐπέθηκ; O. 13.21 ἦῤ, ὦ φίλοι, κατ' ἀμευσίπορον τρίοδον ἐδινάθην ; ἤ μέ τις ἄνεμος ἔξω πλόου ἔβαλεν; P. 11.39 repeated in enumeration, ἦρα χαλκοκρότου πάρεδρον Δαμάτερος ἁνίκ' εὐρυχαίταν ἄντειλας Διόνυσον; ἢ ; ἢ ; ἢ ; ἢ ; ἢ ; ἢ —; I. 7.5—12. Ἰσμηνὸν ἢ χρυσαλάκατον Μελίαν ἢ ἢ ἢ ἢ ἢ ἢ ὑμνήσομεν; fr. 29. 1—5. πολέμοιο δὲ σᾶμα φέρεις τινός, ἢ καρποῦ φθίσιν ἢ ἢ ἢ ἢ ἢ ἢ γαῖαν κατακλύσαισα θήσεις ἀνδρῶν νέον ἐξ ἀρχᾶς γένος; Πα. 9. 14—20. v. also πότερον.2 indicating alternatives.aτοὺς μὲν ἀμφέπων, τοὺς δὲ προσανέα πίνοντας, ἢ γυίοις περάπτων πάντοθεν φάρμακα P. 3.52
χείρεσσιν ἢ βουλαῖς P. 4.72
δέξατο μοιρίδιον ἆμαρ ἢ νύκτες P. 4.256
εἴ ποτε χειμέριον πῦρ ἐξίκηται λοίσθιον, ἢ μόχθον ἀμφέπει P. 4.267
Ἀφροδίτας ἄρουραν ἢ Χαρίτων P. 6.2
πόσιν ἢ υἱὸν εὔχοντ, ὦ Τελεσίκρατες, ἔμμεν P. 9.99
χερσὶν ἢ ποδῶν ἀρετᾷ κρατήσαις P. 10.23
ὃς δ' ἀμφ ἀέθλοις ἢ πολεμίζων ἄρηται κῦδος I. 1.50
χερσὶ ἢ ταχυτᾶτι ποδῶν I. 5.10
Ζηνὶ μισγομέναν ἢ Διὸς παρ' ἀδελφεοῖσιν I. 8.35
ἀρχομένοις ἢ καταπαυομένοισιν fr. 89a. 1. Πελασγὸν ἵππον ἢ κύνα Ἀμυκλάιαν μιμέο *fr. 107a. 1.* [ ἢ στάσιν (v. l. ἱστᾶσιν) fr. 210.]b ἢ ἤ either — orἰατῆρα ἢ τινα Λατοίδα κεκλημένον ἢ πατέρος P. 3.67
ἢ πατρὶ Πυθονίκῳ τό γέ νυν ἢ Θρασυδᾴῳ (“ne pose pas une alternative, mais signifie, ‘aussi bien que,’” van Groningen, Comp. litt., 377̆{1}) P. 11.43—4. ἐθέλω/ ἢ Καστορείῳ Ἰολάοι ἐναρμόξαι μιν ὕμνῳ (-είω̆ Snell: - είῷ vulgo) I. 1.16εὐτυχήσαις ἢ σὺν εὐδόξοις ἀέθλοις ἢ σθένει πλούτου κατέχει φρασὶν αἰανῆ κόρον I. 3.1
ἢ περὶ χρήμασι μοχθίζει βιαίως ἢ γυναικείῳ θράσει φορεῖται fr. 123. 7.c in enumeration. ὅσσοι μόλον αὐτοφύτων ἑλκέων ξυνάονες ἢ πολιῷ χαλκῷ μέλη τετρωμένοι/ ἢ χερμάδι τηλεβόλῳ/ἢ θερινῷ πυρὶ περθόμενοι δέμας ἢ χειμῶνι P. 3.48
—50.εἰ δ' ὄλβον ἢ χειρῶν βίαν ἢ σιδαρίταν ἐπαινῆσαι πόλεμον δεδόκηται N. 5.19
dἢ ἤτοι. ἀλλά τι προσφέρομεν ἔμπαν ἢ μέγαν νόον ἤτοι φύσιν ἀθανάτοις N. 6.4
3 in comparisons.a following comp. adj. κραιπνότεραι/ἢ βαρυγδούπων ἀνέμων στίχες P. 4.210
ἐγὼ δὲ πλέον' ἔλπομαι λόγον Ὀδυσσέος ἢ πάθαν γενέσθ N. 7.21
ἐλαύνεις τι νεώτερον ἢ πάρος; Pae. 9.6
τί κάλλιον ἢ βαθύζωνόν τε Λατὼ ἀεῖσαι; fr. 89a. 2. γ]ὰρ ἁρπαζομένων τεθνάμεν [[βρεϝεμαξρ] χρη]μάτων ἢ κακὸν ἔμμεναι (sc. κρέσσον γ]ὰρ, simm.) fr. 169. 17.εὑρήσεις ἐρευνῶν μάσσον' ἢ̆ ὡς ἰδέμεν O. 13.113
b without comp. adj.ἐπεὶ τοῦτον, ἢ πάμπαν θεὸς ἔμμεναι οἰκεῖν τ' οὐρανῷ, εἵλετ αἰῶνα N. 10.58
4 τε ἢ; for conjectural exx., v. τε. -
9 ἄσφαλτος
Grammatical information: f. (m.)Meaning: `asphalt, bitumen' (Hdt.).Other forms: - ον n.Derivatives: ἀσφάλτιον `treacle clover, Psoralea bituminosa' (Dsc.; after the smell, s. Strömberg Pflanzennamen 62); ἀσφαλτῖτις `bituminous' ( βῶλος etc., Str., Redard Les noms grecs en - ίτης 108); ἀσφαλτωδεύομαι `cover with a.'. - ἀσφαλτόω `smear with a.' (LXX).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Generally taken as negative verbal adjective of σφάλλεσθαι, as the material that protects walls from σφάλλεσθαι. Diels KZ 47, 207ff., who finds no Semitic etymologies. For the `causative' meaning of the verbal adjective one compares ἀμέθυστος; still, this point makes the etymology weak. Chantr. notes `qui empêche de glisser, de tomber, le produit étant employé comme mortier (ce qui n'est pas à l'origine un procédé grec).' The etymology is improbable; rather a substr. word; Diels noted that sources occur everywhere, e.g. on Zakynthos and near Dyrrhachium..Page in Frisk: 1,174Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἄσφαλτος
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10 βλένᾰ
Grammatical information: f.Meaning: `mucous discharge, μύξα' (Hp.).Other forms: βλέννος n. (Arist.). πλένναι μύξαι H.; βλένα μύξα. οἱ δε δία τοῦ π πλένα καὶ πλέννα τὰ ἀσθενῆ καὶ δυσκίνητα H.; πλεννεραί = μυξώδεις (Hp. ap. Gal. 19, 131). ( πληνώδης ἁσθενης H. perh. to be read πλεν(ν)-, Fur. 144).Derivatives: βλεννώδης `slimy, mucous' (Hp.). Also βλεν(ν)ός `id., idiot' (Epich.); with regularly withdrawn accent βλέννος m. a fish (Sophr., H. as explanation of σιαλίς), s. Strömberg 29, Grilli Studi itfilcla. 33 (1961)201f.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: The gemination can be expressive (Meillet BSL 26, 15f.). βλέννος can go back on *μλεδ-σ-νος (Schwyzer 322, Lejeune Traité de phon. 105; diff. Specht KZ 62, 213f.) connecting Skt. ū́rṇa-mradas- `soft as wool' (= Gr. *-βλεδής), pres. mr̥dnāti, mardati, also ( vi)- mradati (\< *- mled-eti) `soften' (to mr̥dú- `soft'). Cf. further MIr. blind `slime from the mouth of a dead man', Pok. 718. DELG: "pour le sens ces rapprochements ne s'imosent pas". Frisk: "Der sehr beschränkte Wert dieser Kombinationen liegt indessen auf der Hand." - As Fur. 144 points out, the variations π\/β, νν\/ν prove a Pre-Gr. word. If the -α is short, π\/ βλενα cannot be IE\/Gr, whereas this ending is frequent in Pre-Greek. - The words still exists in Mod. Greek.Page in Frisk: 1,242-243Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > βλένᾰ
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11 βλέννᾰ
Grammatical information: f.Meaning: `mucous discharge, μύξα' (Hp.).Other forms: βλέννος n. (Arist.). πλένναι μύξαι H.; βλένα μύξα. οἱ δε δία τοῦ π πλένα καὶ πλέννα τὰ ἀσθενῆ καὶ δυσκίνητα H.; πλεννεραί = μυξώδεις (Hp. ap. Gal. 19, 131). ( πληνώδης ἁσθενης H. perh. to be read πλεν(ν)-, Fur. 144).Derivatives: βλεννώδης `slimy, mucous' (Hp.). Also βλεν(ν)ός `id., idiot' (Epich.); with regularly withdrawn accent βλέννος m. a fish (Sophr., H. as explanation of σιαλίς), s. Strömberg 29, Grilli Studi itfilcla. 33 (1961)201f.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: The gemination can be expressive (Meillet BSL 26, 15f.). βλέννος can go back on *μλεδ-σ-νος (Schwyzer 322, Lejeune Traité de phon. 105; diff. Specht KZ 62, 213f.) connecting Skt. ū́rṇa-mradas- `soft as wool' (= Gr. *-βλεδής), pres. mr̥dnāti, mardati, also ( vi)- mradati (\< *- mled-eti) `soften' (to mr̥dú- `soft'). Cf. further MIr. blind `slime from the mouth of a dead man', Pok. 718. DELG: "pour le sens ces rapprochements ne s'imosent pas". Frisk: "Der sehr beschränkte Wert dieser Kombinationen liegt indessen auf der Hand." - As Fur. 144 points out, the variations π\/β, νν\/ν prove a Pre-Gr. word. If the -α is short, π\/ βλενα cannot be IE\/Gr, whereas this ending is frequent in Pre-Greek. - The words still exists in Mod. Greek.Page in Frisk: 1,242-243Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > βλέννᾰ
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12 ᾖα 2
ᾖα 2.Grammatical information: n. pl.Meaning: `heap of husks or chaff' (ε 368, Pherecr. 161), = ἄχυρα H.; vgl. εἰαί τῶν ὀσπρίων τὰ ἀποκαθάρματα; εἶοι ὀσπρίων τὰ καθάρσια H. Here also ἤϊα κριθάων = ἄλευρα (Nic. Al. 412) "mais le sens ne s'impose pas" DELG.Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: Unexplained. Improbable Thumb KZ 36, 179ff., Sommer Lautstud. 154 n. 1 (after Peppmüller BB 3, 92); s. Bq.Page in Frisk: 1,625Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ᾖα 2
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13 καπνός
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `smoke, steam' (Il.).Dialectal forms: Myc. ka-pi-ni-ja.Compounds: Compp., e. g. καπνο-δόκη ` flue (of a chimney' (IA.), δύσ-καπνος ` with an unpleasant smoke' (A., Thphr.).Derivatives: Subst. 1. κάπνη (Com.), short form of καπνοδόκη; also = καπνιαῖος λίθος ( PHolm.; s. below); 2. καπνία for κάπνη (Moer. 292, Gloss.; cf. Scheller Oxytonierung 56); 3. καπνίας m. name a) of a wine, that got a special taste from smoke (Com.), b) a kind of jasper, = καπνίτης, from the colour (Dsc., Plin.), c) of the poet Ekphantides (Ar. V. 151; ` διὰ τὸ μηδεν λαμπρὸν γράφειν' H.). 4. καπνίτης m. name of a stone, from the colour (Alex. Trall.; Redard Les noms grecs en - της 55), καπνῖτις f. plant name, `fumitory, Fumaria officinalis', from the smoke-coloured leaves (Ps.-Dsc.), also called κάπνιος and καπνός (Strömberg Pflanzennamen 27, Redard 72). - Adject. 5. κάπνε(ι)ος (sc. ἄμπελος) f. `vine with smoke-coloured grapes' (Arist., Thphr., pap.); 6. καπνώδης `smokey, smoke-coloured' (Arist., Thphr., Plb.); 7. καπνηλός ` smoke-like' (Nic. Th. 54); 8. καπνιαῖος λίθος ` smoke-coloured quarz' ( PHolm.). - Denomin. verbs. 1. καπνίζω, aor. καπνίσ(σ)αι, also with prefix, ἀπο-, περι-, ὑπο-, `smoke, make smoke, be smoke-coloured' (Il.) with κάπνισις `exposure to smoke' (Arist.), κάπνισμα ` incense' (AP), καπνιστήριον `steam-bath?' (Priene); 2. καπνόομαι `vanish into smoke' (Pi., E.); 3. καπνιάω `smoke a bee-hive' (A. R. 2, 131), after θυμιάω; 4. καπνείω `let vanish into smoke, burn' (Nic. Th. 36). - Beside καπνός there is an aorist ἀπὸ ( δε ψυχην) ἐκάπυσσεν `breathe forth' (Χ 467; κάπυσσεν Q. S. 6, 523), with the present καπύσσων ἐκπνέων H.; the supposed basis seems preserved in κάπυς πνεῦμα H. (also κάπος ψυχή, πνεῦμα). Uncertain is the gloss, given in the wrong place, καπυκτά πνέοντα H.; connected with καπύσσων?, cf ἀλύω (s.v.) with ἀλύσσω s. The stem with υ- also in καπυρός `dry etc.', s. v.; uncertain is κέκηφε τέθνηκε H., κεκαφηότα (Hom.), s. v.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: An original *κϜαπ-νός (see Schwyzer 302; and s. below), but note that Myc. does not have a w, agrees with Lith. kvãpas `breath, smell'; beside it with ē-vowel kvėpiù,kvẽpti `gasp, breathe', Latv. kvêpstu, kvêpt `smoke, smell'; καπνός a. cogn. then seem to go back on IE. ku̯ep-. An old question is whether Lat. vapor `vapour, smoke' with v- for expected qu- is cognate. On the other hand Russ. kópotь `fine soot, dust' etc. presents a u̯-less form, which cannot be explained from Slavic. Finally Germ., e. g. Goth. af- ƕapjan `suffocate, extinguish', af- ƕapnan `extinguish' show a root-final p for f (b). "Man hat somit in den verschiedenen Sprachen mit zahlreichen, nicht unerwarteten Entgleisungen zu rechnen. (Frisk)" - More forms in Pok. 596f.; cf. W.-Hofmann s. vapor, Fraenkel Lit. et. Wb. s. kvẽpti, Vasmer Russ. et. Wb. s. kópotь. S. also Bq. - Schrijver (Laryng. in Latin, 260f.) assumed a laryngeal for Latvian, and posited * kuh₂ep-, a rare type that is perhaps impossible; also it is uncertain that this gave *κϜαπ-. IE origin, then, is improbable. * kap- is unprobelematic for Pre-Greek; an u-stem ( κάπυς) is frequent in Pre-Greek (s. Heubeck, Praegraeca 31-39), as is a suffix n- after consonant (Beekes, Pre-Greek, Suffixes). The Baltic (and Slavic) forms, and Lat. vapor are unclear, and may come form a substr. language. (I do not assume * kʷap-, as this would give *κ(ϝ)οπ-, cf. ἄλοξ, καλαῦροψ.)Page in Frisk: 1,781-782Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > καπνός
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14 λίπα
Grammatical information: adv.Meaning: `fat, gleaming'.Other forms: in Hom. only elided ( ἀλείψασθαι) λίπ' ἐλαίῳ etc., unelided λίπα in Hp., Th. (cf. Leumann Hom. Wörter 309f.),Derivatives: Here, (as direct derivv., with ρ: ν-variation?): λιπαρός `fat, (of oil or unguent) gleaming, fruitful' (Il.) with λιπαρία `fatness' (Dsc.) and λιπαίνω `make fat, oil, anoint' (IA.) with λίπανσις `anointing' (medic.), λιπαντικός `good for anointing' (sch.), λιπασμός `anointing' (Dsc.), λίπασμα `fat substance' (Hp., hell.). More verbs are: λιπάω `gleaming from unguents' (τ 72, hell.), `anoint' (Nic.), λιπάζω trans. `id.' (Nic.). Innovated σ-stm (Schwyzer 512): λίπος n. `fat' (A., S., Arist.) with λιπώδης `fatty, oily' (Thphr.); also λίπας n. `id.' (Aret.; after κρέας?).Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: A formal agreement to λίπ-α from a root-noun (cf. Schwyzer 622) gives Skt. rip- f. "smearing on", `defilement, deceit'. Closely agreeing are λιπαρός and Skt. rip-rá- n. `discord, dirt', further λίπος and Skt. répas- n.' stain, dirt' (would be Gr. *λεῖπος); in the last case however we have independent parallel formations. Doubtful is Alb. laparós `defile' (s. Fraenkel Wb.; s. below). - (Not here ἀλείφω `anoint', with vowel prothesis; see s. v.). The other languages show diff. formations: nasal present Skt. li-m-p-áti `smear' (aor. 3. pl. midd. a-lip-s-ata;), Lith. li-m-p-ù, inf. lìp-ti `stick, be sticky'; yot-present in OCS pri-lьp-lǫ, inf. pri-lьp-ěti `stick'. With very diff. meaning Germ., e.g. OHG bi-līban `stay, remain'. Quite doubtful for its meaning Hitt. lip(p)ānzi (3. pl. pres.), `oppress (?)'. - More forms in Bq, WP. 2, 403f., Pok. 670f., W.-Hofmann s. lippus, Fraenkel Wb. s. lìpti 2. Vgl. λίπτω. So the meanings give no agreement.Page in Frisk: 2,126-127Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > λίπα
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15 πέλλα 2
πέλλα 2.Grammatical information: f.Meaning: λίθος H.Other forms: cf. φελλεύς bel.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Since Fick 1, 83 a.o. as PGr. *πελσᾱ connected with a word for `rock, stone' in OHG felis `rock', MIr. all `crag' (PCelt. * palso-, IE *pl̥so-) [but the variation * pelso-\/ peliso- does not seem IE, Furnée 162 n. 77], Skt. pāṣāṇá- m. `stone, rock', Psht. parṣ́a `id.' (Indo-Ir. * pars-, IE * pels-). WP. 2, 66 f. a. Mayrhofer s. v. w. further details and rich lit., Pok. 807; older lit. also in Bq. On the stemformation (dubious) Specht Ursprung 24, 153, 156 a. 234. Identical to Πέλλα town in Macedonia (Kretschmer Einleitung 286 w. n. 1, Pisani Ist. Lomb. 73:2, No. 3; if this is correct. the word is hardly IE, cf. DELG). Furnée 161f. compares further φελλεύς `stony ground' etc.Page in Frisk: 2,499Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > πέλλα 2
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16 πός
Grammatical information: prep.Other forms: before vowel also πο- (Arc. Cypr., Phryg. Pisid.).Etymology: Identical with Lith. pàs `by, near', OCS po `behind, after'. Also in Lat. post, posterus, Alb. pas `behind, after' a.o.; s. Schwyzer-Debrunner 508, WP. 2, 78f., Pok. 841 f., W.-Hofmann s. post w. further forms a. rich lit.Page in Frisk: 2,582-583Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > πός
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17 μπαλιά
vuruş, pas (futbol) şut -
18 βήμα
1) autel2) pas3) tribune -
19 ζώνη
1) opasek2) pás3) pásmo4) řemen5) zóna -
20 μέση
1) opasek2) pás
- 1
- 2
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