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1 ἄημι
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `blow' (Il.).Etymology: Old IE verb, Skt. vā́-ti `blow', Goth. wai-an, OHG wā-jan, wāen, OCS vě-jǫ. Skt. vā́-ta- m. `wind' from * h₂ueh-nt-o-, Av. vāta-; both words often to be read with three syllables, * vaHata-. The same word in Lat. ventus, Goth. winds, Toch. A want; B yente; Hitt. ḫuu̯ant- from * h₂uh₁-ent-. - On ἀετμόν τὸ πνεῠμα see ἀτμός. See also ἄελλα, αὔρα, ἀήσυρος. Not cognate ἀήρ.Page in Frisk: 1,26-27Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἄημι
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2 ἄμφω
Grammatical information: pron.Meaning: `both' (Il.)Other forms: later replaced by ἀμφότεροςOrigin: IE [Indo-European] [34]Etymology: Identical witf Lat. ambō; same anlaut in Toch. A āmpi (B antapi, ānpi). Other languages have forms without nasal: Skt. ubháu, Av. uva; OCS oba, Lith. abù. Germanic has no initial vowel, Goth. bai. There is no overall explanation for the forms. - Connection with ἀμφί seems clear; Toch. antapi `both' \< * h₂ent-bho- (?) seems to give new evidence. - On ἀμφίας s.v.Page in Frisk: 1,100Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἄμφω
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3 ἄντα
ἄντα, ἄντηνGrammatical information: adv.Meaning: `over against, face to face' (Il.).Etymology: From the root noun *ἀντ- was derived ἄντομαι `meet' (Il.). ἄντα is the acc. of this noun; the locativ is ἀντί (s. v.); ἄντην was formed like (after?) δήν, πλήν etc. The case is still clear in ἔν-αντα (= ἐν ἄντα) etc., s. Wackernagel Syntax 2, 225. Vgl. Goth. and(a)- `against', Lith. añt, OLith. and dial. antà `towards'.Page in Frisk: 1,112-113Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἄντα
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4 ἄντην
ἄντα, ἄντηνGrammatical information: adv.Meaning: `over against, face to face' (Il.).Etymology: From the root noun *ἀντ- was derived ἄντομαι `meet' (Il.). ἄντα is the acc. of this noun; the locativ is ἀντί (s. v.); ἄντην was formed like (after?) δήν, πλήν etc. The case is still clear in ἔν-αντα (= ἐν ἄντα) etc., s. Wackernagel Syntax 2, 225. Vgl. Goth. and(a)- `against', Lith. añt, OLith. and dial. antà `towards'.Page in Frisk: 1,112-113Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἄντην
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5 ἀντί
Grammatical information: prep.Meaning: `opposite, over against; instead of' (Il.).Dialectal forms: Myc. atipamo \/Antiphāmos\/ etc.Compounds: ἔναντι, ἀπέναντι, κατέναντι (Dor. Hell.). ἀντιάνειρα s.v. Άνάντης `up-hill, steep' (Hdt.), from a form - αντες, orig. the gen. of the noun?Derivatives: ἀντίος `set against, opposed to' (Il.; Att. ἐναντίος). From here ἀντιάδες f. pl. `tonsils' (medic.). Denom. ἀντιόομαι `oppose' (Hdt.). ἀντιάω (with ep. length. ἀντιόω).Etymology: Identical with Skt. ánti `over against', Lat. ante `before', Hitt. h̯anti `separate'. Locative of a noun, preserved in Hitt. ḫanza (= ḫant-s) `front'. Another case-form of the same noun is ἄντα, s. v.Page in Frisk: 1,113-114Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀντί
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6 ἄττομαι
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `set the warp in the loom, i.e. begin the web' (Hermipp. 2).Derivatives: ἄσμα `warp' (AB), mostly δίασμα (Call.). διάζομαι (Nicophon), s. below; cf. ἄττεσθαι· διάζεσθαι στήμονα. H.Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: ἄττομαι \< *ἄτ-ι̯ομαι; beside it δι-άζομαι, analogal after the verbs in - ζω. Origin uncertain. Bezzenberger BB 5, 313, Bechtel Lex. 130f. connect ἤτριον, s. v. G. Meyer BphW 1891, 570 and Alb. Stud. 3, 24: to Alb. ent, int `set the worp in the loom'; impossible, as * h₁nt- gave *εντ- in Greek; perhaps related as a non-IE word? In the same way relation with Hitt. hatk(u)- would give * Hnt- \> *ἀντ-. Further Skt. átka- m. `dress' has been considerd. (?). Cf. ἔξαστις.Page in Frisk: 1,183Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἄττομαι
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7 ἄφενος
Grammatical information: n.Other forms: m. (after πλοῦτος, Fehrle Phil Woch. 46, 700f).Compounds: εὐηφενής (Il.; the better attested v. l. εὐηγενής is hardly correct; Bechtel, Lex.); also in the PN Δι-, Κλε-, Τιμ-αφένης.Derivatives: (with loss of vowel and remarkable final stress) ἀφνειός (Il.), later ἀφνεός `rich' (Il.). From here retrograde ἄφνος n. (Pi. Fr. 219).Etymology: Uncertain. The connection with Skt. ápnas- n. `possessions, riches' (Bréal MSL 13, 382f.; cf. ὄμπνη; also Pisani Ist. Lomb. 73, 515) is now generally rejected (also as * apsnos). - The word was one of the corner stones of the Pelasgian theory, which can now be abandoned (also Heubeck's variant, the Minoan-Minyan language: Praegraeca 70). The agreement with Hitt. happina(nt)- `rich', is remarkable. The postulated verb hap-(zi) is improbable (Puhvel HED 3, 124f). The Hittite word could be IE (Szemerényi Glotta 33, 1954, 275 - 282). Puhvel's h₁op- is impossible ( h₁- disappears in Hittite); but Lat. opulentus \< * op-en-ent- is improbable: - ulentus is a frequent suffix in Latin, and - ant is very productive in Hittite so that it cannot be projected back into PIE; with it disappears the explanation of - ulentus (I also doubt the dissmilation n - nt, with t after the second n; there are other difficulties in the theory, as the author indicated); the - en- has no clear function and is not found elsewhere after op-; thus the connection of opulentus with the Hittite word disappears. - Irene Balles (HS 110, 1997) starts from *n̥-gʷʰn-o-, parallel to - io- in Skt. ághnyā- `(the valuable animal which is) not to be killed'. (She explains the adj., and the accent, from *n̥gʷʰn-es-o- \> ἀφνεό-, with metrical lengthening in Homer). But she has to explain the full grade from analogy after σθένος, which is improbable; the whole construction is not convincing. - The Greek word is rather IE (cf. archaic εὐηφενής). For Greek a root * h₂bʰen- is the obvious reconstruction. The accent and the form ἀφνεός may be explained following Balles: *h₂bʰnes-ó-, with ablaut as in ἄλγος - ἀλεγεινός (metr. lengthening in Homer is probable as *ἀφνεοιο is impossible in the hexameter and *ἀφνεος, -ν etc. are difficult). Thus the word seem perfectly IE. It cannot be connected with the Hittite word (reading *ḫpina- is doubtful). A loan from Anatolian would have κ-, the φ would be unclear, the s-stem, and the adjective.Page in Frisk: 1,195Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἄφενος
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8 κεντέω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `sting' (Pi.).Other forms: aor. κένσαι (Ψ 337), κεντῆσαι (Hp., κέντᾱσα Theoc. 19, 1), pass. κεντηθῆναι (Arist.) with κεντηθήσομαι (Hdt.), κεντήσω (S.), κεκέντημαι (Hp.),Derivatives: 1. κένσαι for *κέντ-σαι (Schwyzer 287) points to κεντ- (present or aorist?; s. below) of which the dental before dental gave κεσ-. Thus κεσ-τός (\< *κεντ-τός) `stitched' (ep.; Ammann Μνήμης χάριν 1, 17); κέσ-τρον `pointed iron ' (Plin.) with κεστρωτός and κέστρωσις (H.; *κεστρόω), κέσ-τρος `kind of arrow etc.' (Plb., D. H., H.) with dimin. κεστρίον (Attica) and κέστρειον `stock of arrows (?)' (Delos IIIa); κέσ-τρα f. `sharp hammer, arrow' (S., Ph. Bel., Hero), also a fishname = σφύραινα (Ar.; after te form of the body, Strömberg Fischnamen 35); here κεστρεύς `mullet' (IA.; Bosshardt Die Nom. auf - ευς 51) and κεστρῖνος, - ινίσκος `id.' (Com.). - 2. Through reshaping after κεντ-έω (not with ρο-suffix as Fraenkel KZ 42, 118 n. 1) rose κέντρον `sting', as geometrical term. techn. `resting bone of a compass, center of a cirkel' (Il.), with many compounds and derivv., e. g. κεντρ-ηνεκής `driven by the sting' (Il.; cf. with diff. function δουρ-, ποδ-ηνεκής); subst. κέντρων s. v.; adj. like κεντρικός, κεντρώδης, κεντρήεις; fish- and plant names as κεντρίνης, κεντρίσκος, κεντρίτης (Strömberg Fischnamen 47, Redard Les noms grecs en - της 83, 111); denomin. verbs κεντρόω `with a sting, sting' (IA), κεντρίζω `sting' (X.); from κέντρον as backformation κέντωρ m. `goader, driver' (Il., AP; Fraenkel Glotta 2, 32). - 3. From κεντέω ( κεντῆ-σαι, - σω): κέντημα `the sting, the mosaic' (Arist., inscr. Smyrna [Rom. Emp.]), κεντητής `mosaic-worker' ( Edict. Diocl.), κεντητήριον `picker' (Luc.), κεντητικός `stingy' (Thphr.), κεντητός `stitched, with mosaic' (Epikt., pap.). - 4. With old ablaut κοντός m. "the stinger", `pole, crutch, staf to drive on cattle' (ι 487; LW [loanword] Lat. contus with percontor) with κοντά-κιον, - άριον, - ίλος, - ωτός a. o.; here κοντός `short' (Adam.) from κοντο-μάχος, - βόλος, - βολέω, where κοντός was taken as `short'; thus in κοντο-πορεία (Plb.), s. Hatzidakis Festschrift Kretschmer 35ff.Origin: IE [Indo-European] [567] *ḱent- `sting'Etymology: To the sigmatic aorist κένσαι \< *κέντ-σαι was after unknown example a present κεντ-έω created (cf. Schwyzer 706), to which came κεντῆ-σαι, κεντή-σω etc. - Other languages have only isolated nominal formations: OHG hantag `pointed', deriv. from PGm. * handa- (formally = κοντός), Latv. sīts `hunting spear' (= Lith. *šiñtas \< IE. *ḱentos- n.?), and some Celtic words, e. g. Bret. kentr `spur', Welsh cethr `nail', but these are all prob. loans from Lat. centrum. - See W.-Hofmann 2, 423, Pok. 567.Page in Frisk: 1,820-821Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κεντέω
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9 πᾶς
Grammatical information: f.Meaning: `whole, all, every' (Il.).Other forms: πᾶσα, Cret. Thess. Arc. πάνσα, Aeol. παῖσα, ntr. πᾶν (beside πᾰν-, ἅ-πᾰν a.o.), Dor. Aeol. πᾰ́ν.Dialectal forms: Myc. pate \/ pantes\/, pato \/ pantos\/, pasa \/ pasa\/, pasi \/ pasi\/; kusupa \/ ksumpas\/, tosopa \/ tososospas\/.Compounds: Very often as 1. member πᾰν- (Schwyzer 437, Hoenigswald Lang. 16, 183ff., Leumann Hom. Wörter 98ff.), e.g. παν-ῆμαρ `all day' (ν 31; Sommer Nominalkomp. 65, Risch Mus. Helv. 2, 18, Ruijgh L'élém. ach. 120f.); more rare παντο-, e.g. παντο-μισής `all-hateful' (A.), παντο-κράτωρ, - ορος m. `the Almighty' (LXX; older παγ-κρατής, s. on κράτος). On the type Πανέλληνες Schwyzer 1, 77 and 88.Derivatives: παντ-οῖος `various, manifold' (Il.; after ποῖος a.o.), - οδαπός `id.' (since h. Cer.; after ἀλλοδαπός a.o.); - οσε `in all directions' (Il.), - οτε `always' (Arist., hell.), -αχῃ̃, - αχοῦ, - αχόθεν, - αχόσε etc. `(from) everywhere, every way' (IA.). Enlargements πάγχυ (s.v.), πάν-υ `altogether, very' (Att., also Ion.) with unexplained -υ, cf. on οὗτος; not better v. Sabler KZ 31, 278f., Mahlow Neue Wege 460, Lagercrantz GHÅ 31 (1925): 3, 135 ff., s. Thesleff Intensification 57 n. 1 (with extens. treatment), where, also unconvincing, as basis *πὰν εὖ is considered.Etymology: Beside πᾶς from *παντ-ς (on the circumflex a hypothesis by Borger Münch. Stud. 3, 7 ff.), to which analog. πᾶν for πᾰ́ν (\< *πάντ), stands of old ἅ-πᾱς (with copul. ἁ-), which can be identical with Skt. śáśvant-, if for *saśvant-, `always repeting, uninterrupted, complete, whole, all after another, everybody'; further s. πέπαμαι. Also the confirming OWNo. hund- (e.g. hund-víss = πάν-σοφος) has been, though with very doubtful right, connected with it (lit. in WP. 1, 367, Persson Beitr. 1, 193). -- Not wit Bopp, Curtius, Pedersen a.o. (s. Persson l.c.) to Lat. quantus. Remarkable is the same formation in Hitt. ḫumant- `everybody, whole, all' (Mezger KZ 77, 82ff.). To be rejeceted Kerényi Glotta 22, 35 (s. W.-Hofmann s. pānis). The Myc. form proves initial *p-. Toch. A puk, B po, pl. ponta (Adams, Dict. Toch. B 402).Page in Frisk: 2,476-477Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > πᾶς
См. также в других словарях:
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ent- — [ɛnt] <verbales Präfix>: 1. drückt aus, dass etwas wieder rückgängig gemacht, in den Ausgangszustand zurückgeführt wird: a) /Ggs. ver /: sich entloben; entkorken; entkrampfen; entschlüsseln; entsiegeln; entzaubern; entzerren. b) /Ggs. be / … Universal-Lexikon
ent- — im Verb, unbetont und nicht trennbar, sehr produktiv; Die Verben mit ent werden nach folgendem Muster gebildet: entknoten entknotete entknotet 1 ent drückt aus, dass etwas von etwas weggenommen, etwas von etwas befreit wird; etwas entrußen: Der… … Langenscheidt Großwörterbuch Deutsch als Fremdsprache
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Ent — Ent, – eine untrennbare Partikel, welche nur in der Zusammensetzung mit Verbis und einigen wenigen andern Partikeln üblich ist. Sie bedeutet, 1. Eine Bewegung von einem Orte, da sie denn so wohl den Verbis neutris, als activis vorgesetzet werden… … Grammatisch-kritisches Wörterbuch der Hochdeutschen Mundart
ent... — ent..., Ent...: Die Vorsilbe mhd. ent , ahd. int bezeichnet Gegensatz oder Trennung und steht vor Verben und Ableitungen aus Verben (z. B. führen – entführen – Entführung); sie ist das Gegenstück zu dem betonten »ant « der nominalen… … Das Herkunftswörterbuch
Ent... — ent..., Ent...: Die Vorsilbe mhd. ent , ahd. int bezeichnet Gegensatz oder Trennung und steht vor Verben und Ableitungen aus Verben (z. B. führen – entführen – Entführung); sie ist das Gegenstück zu dem betonten »ant « der nominalen… … Das Herkunftswörterbuch
-ent — [F. ent, L. ens, entis.] An adjective suffix signifying action or being; as, corrodent, excellent, emergent, continent, quiescent. See { ant}. [1913 Webster] … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English