gave

παραδίδωμι (Pind., Hdt.+) pres. 3 sg. παραδίδει (-δίδη cod. [ApcEsdr 3:12 p. 27, 23 Tdf.]), subj. 3 sg. παραδιδῷ and παραδιδοῖ 1 Cor 15:24 (B-D-F §95, 2; W-S. §14, 12; Mlt-H. 204), ptc. παραδιδούς; impf. 3 sg. παρεδίδου Ac 8:3 and 1 Pt 2:23, pl. παρεδίδουν Ac 16:4 v.l.; 27:1 and παρεδίδοσαν 16:4 (B-D-F §94, 1; Mlt-H. 202); fut. παραδώσω; 1 aor. παρέδωκα; 2 aor. indic. παρέδοσαν Lk 1:2; 2 aor. subj. 3 sg. παραδῷ and παραδοῖ Mk 4:29; 14:10, 11; J 13:2 (B-D-F §95, 2; Mlt-H. 210f), impv. παράδος, ptc. παραδούς; pf. παραδέδωκα, ptc. παραδεδωκώς (Ac 15:26); plpf. 3 pl. παραδεδώκεισαν Mk 15:10 (on the absence of augment s. B-D-F §66, 1; Mlt-H. 190). Pass.; impf. 3 sg. παρεδίδετο 1 Cor 11:23b (-δίδοτο is also attested; B-D-F §94, 1; Mlt-H. 206); 1 fut. παραδοθήσομαι; 1 aor. παρεδόθην; perf. 3 sg. παραδέδοται Lk 4:6, ptc. παραδεδομένος (Ac 14:26).

① to convey someth. in which one has a relatively strong personal interest, hand over, give (over), deliver, entrust

ⓐ a thing τινί τι (Jos., Ant 4, 83; Mel., P. 42, 290; 292; 294) τάλαντά μοι Mt 25:20, 22. αὐτοῖς τὰ ὑπάρχοντα αὐτοῦ vs. 14. ὑμῖν τὴν γῆν 1 Cl 12:5. τινὶ τὴν κτίσιν Hv 3, 4, 1; λίθους Hs 9, 7, 1; ἀμπελῶνα 5, 6, 2. Also in the sense give back, restore, give up (X., Hell. 2, 3, 7 τινί τι) αὐτῷ τὴν παρακαταθήκην ἣν ἔλαβον Hm 3:2.—Pass., w. the thing easily supplied fr. the context ἐμοὶ παραδέδοται Lk 4:6.—παρέδωκεν τὸ πνεῦμα J 19:30 (ApcMos 42; cp. TestAbr B 12 p. 117, 4f [Stone p. 82] Σαρρα … παρέδωκε τὴν ψυχήν; ParJer 9:8; ApcEsdr 7:14) needs no dat.: he gave up his spirit voluntarily. ἄνθρωποι παραδεδωκότες τὰς ψυχὰς αὐτῶν ὑπὲρ τοῦ ὀνόματος τοῦ κυρίου men who have risked ( pledged Field, Notes 124) their lives for the name of the Lord Ac 15:26. καὶ ἐὰν παραδῶ τὸ σῶμά μου ἵνα καυθήσομαι and if I give up my body to be burned 1 Cor 13:3 (Maximus Tyr. 1, 9i τῇ Αἴτνῃ αὐτοῦ παραδοὺς σῶμα; Syntipas p. 60, 11 πυρὶ σεαυτὴν παραδίδως). ὅταν παραδιδοῖ τ. βασιλείαν τῷ θεῷ when (Christ) delivers the kingship to God 15:24.

ⓑ hand over, turn over, give up a person ([Lat. trado] as a t.t. of police and courts ‘hand over into [the] custody [of]’ OGI 669, 15; PHib 92, 11; 17; PLille 3, 59 [both pap III B.C.]; PTebt 38, 6 [II B.C.] al.—As Military term ‘surrender’: Paus. 1, 2, 1; X., Cyr. 5, 1, 28; 5, 4, 51.) τινά someone Mt 10:19; 24:10; 27:18; Mk 13:11; Ac 3:13. Pass. Mt 4:12; Mk 1:14; Lk 21:16. τινά τινι Mt 5:25 (fr. one official to another, as UPZ 124, 19f [II B.C.]; TestAbr B 10 p. 115, 11 [Stone p. 78]); 18:34; 27:2; Mk 10:33b; cp. 15:1; Lk 12:58; 20:20; J 18:30, 35; Ac 27:1; 28:16 v.l.; Hs 7:5; 9, 10, 6; Pass. Lk 18:32; J 18:36; Hv 5:3f; m 4, 4, 3; Hs 6, 3, 6b; 9, 11, 2; 9, 13, 9; 9, 20, 4; 9, 21, 4. τὸν Ἰησοῦν παρέδωκεν τῷ θελήματι αὐτῶν Lk 23:25.—Esp. of Judas (s. Brown, Death I 211f on tendency of translators to blur the parallelism of Judas’ action to the agency of others in the passion narrative), whose information and action leads to the arrest of Jesus, w. acc. and dat. ἐγὼ ὑμῖν παραδώσω αὐτόν Mt 26:15. Cp. Mk 14:10; Lk 22:4, 6; J 19:11. Pass. Mt 20:18; Mk 10:33a. Without a dat. Mt 10:4; 26:16, 21, 23; Mk 3:19; 14:11, 18; Lk 22:48; J 6:64, 71; 12:4; 13:21. Pass. Mt 26:24; Mk 14:21; Lk 22:22; 1 Cor 11:23b (NRSV et al. render ‘betrayed’, but it is not certain that when Paul refers to ‘handing over’, ‘delivering up’, ‘arresting’ [so clearly Posidon.: 87 Fgm. 36, 50 Jac. παραδοθείς ‘surrendered’] he is even thinking of the action taken against Jesus by Judas much less interpreting it as betrayal; cp. Ac 3:13 παρεδώκατε). ὁ παραδιδοὺς αὐτόν (παραδιδούς με) his (my) informer (on the role of a מסוֹר in Israelite piety s. WKlassen, Judas ’96, 62–66; but Ac 1:18 the action of Judas as ἀδικία) Mt 26:25, 46, 48; Mk 14:42, 44; Lk 22:21; J 13:11; 18:2, 5. Cp. Mt 27:3, 4; J 21:20. The article w. pres. ptc. connotes the notoriety (cp. the use of traditor in Tacitus, Histories 4, 24) of Judas in early tradition. His act is appraised as betrayal Lk 6:16, s. προδότης.—τινὰ εἰς χεῖράς τινος deliver someone/someth. into someone’s hands (a Semitic construction, but paralleled in Lat., cp. Livy 26, 12, 11; Dt 1:27; Jer 33:24; Jdth 6:10; 1 Macc 4:30; 1 Esdr 1:50. Pass. Jer 39:4, 36, 43; Sir 11:6; Da 7:25, 11:11; TestJob 20:3; ParJer 2:7 τὴν πόλιν; AscIs 2:14; cp. Jos., Ant. 2, 20) Ac 21:11. Pass. Mt 17:22; 26:45; Mk 9:31; 14:41; Lk 9:44; 24:7 (NPerrin, JJeremias Festschr., ’70, 204–12); Ac 28:17. ἡ γῆ παραδοθήσεται εἰς χεῖρας αὐτοῦ D 16:4b. Also ἐν χειρί τινος (Judg 7:9; 2 Esdr 9:7; cp. 2 Ch 36:17; 1 Macc 5:50; Just., D. 40, 2 ὁ τόπος τοῖς ἐχθροῖς ὑμῶν παραδοθήσεται) 1 Cl 55:5b.—W. indication of the goal, or of the purpose for which someone is handed over: in the inf. (Jos., Bell. 1, 655) παραδιδόναι τινά τινι φυλάσσειν αὐτόν hand someone over to someone to guard him (X., An. 4, 6, 1) Ac 12:4. W. local εἰς (OGI 669, 15 εἰς τὸ πρακτόρειόν τινας παρέδοσαν; PGiss 84 II, 18 [II A.D.] εἰς τ. φυλακήν): εἰς συνέδρια hand over to the local courts Mt 10:17; Mk 13:9. εἰς τὰς συναγωγὰς καὶ φυλακάς hand someone over to the synagogues and prisons Lk 21:12. εἰς φυλακήν put in prison Ac 8:3; cp. 22:4. Also εἰς δεσμωτήριον (of a transcendent place of punishment: cp. PGM 4, 1245ff ἔξελθε, δαῖμον, … παραδίδωμί σε εἰς τὸ μέλαν χάος ἐν ταῖς ἀπωλείαις) Hs 9, 28, 7. ἑαυτοὺς εἰς δεσμά give oneself up to imprisonment 1 Cl 55:2a. W. final εἰς (cp. En 97:10 εἰς κατάραν μεγάλην παρα[δο]θήσεσθε): ἑαυτοὺς εἰς δουλείαν give oneself up to slavery 55:2b (cp. Just., D. 139, 4). εἰς τὸ σταυρωθῆναι hand over to be crucified Mt 26:2. εἰς τὸ ἐμπαῖξαι κτλ. 20:19. εἰς θλῖψιν 24:9. εἰς κρίμα θανάτου Lk 24:20. εἰς κρίσιν 2 Pt 2:4. εἰς θάνατον hand over to death (POxy 471, 107 [II A.D.]): Mt 10:21 (Unknown Sayings, 68 n. 3: by informing on the other); Mk 13:12; Hm 12, 1, 2f; pass.: ending of Mk in the Freer ms.; 2 Cor 4:11; 1 Cl 16:13 (Is 53:12); B 12:2; Hs 9, 23, 5. π. ἑαυτὸν εἰς θάνατον give oneself up to death 1 Cl 55:1; fig. hand oneself over to death Hs 6, 5, 4. εἰς θλῖψιν θανάτου παραδίδοσθαι be handed over to the affliction of death B 12:5. π. τὴν σάρκα εἰς καταφθοράν give up his flesh to corruption 5:1.—ἵνα stands for final εἰς: τὸν Ἰησοῦν παρέδωκεν ἵνα σταυρωθῇ he handed Jesus over to be crucified Mt 27:26; Mk 15:15; cp. J 19:16.—π. alone w. the mng. hand over to suffering, death, punishment, esp. in relation to Christ: κύριος παρέδωκεν αὐτὸν ὑπὲρ τῶν ἁμαρτιῶν ἡμῶν 1 Cl 16:7 (cp. Is 53:6).—Ro 8:32. Pass. 4:25; cp. B 16:5. π. ἑαυτὸν ὑπέρ τινος Gal 2:20 (GBerényi, Biblica 65, ’84, 490–537); Eph 5:25. παρέδωκεν ἑαυτὸν ὑπὲρ ἡμῶν προσφορὰν καὶ θυσίαν τῷ θεῷ he gave himself to God for us as a sacrifice and an offering vs. 2.—π. τινὰ τῷ σατανᾷ εἰς ὄλεθρον τῆς σαρκός hand someone over to Satan for destruction of his physical body 1 Cor 5:5. οὓς παρέδωκα τῷ σατανᾷ, ἵνα whom I have turned over to Satan, in order that 1 Ti 1:20 (cp. INikaia I, 87, 4f of someone handed over to the gods of the netherworld for tomb violation [New Docs 4, 165]; also the exorcism PGM 5, 334ff νεκυδαίμων, … παραδίδωμί σοι τὸν δεῖνα, ὅπως … ; s. the lit. s.v. ὄλεθρος 2; also CBruston, L’abandon du pécheur à Satan: RTQR 21, 1912, 450–58; KLatte, Heiliges Recht 1920; LBrun, Segen u. Fluch im Urchr. ’32, 106ff). The angel of repentance says: ἐμοὶ παραδίδονται εἰς ἀγαθὴν παιδείαν they are turned over to me for good instruction Hs 6, 3, 6a (Demetr. Phaler. [IV/III B.C.] Fgm. 164 FWehrli ’49: Demosthenes παραδίδωσι ἑαυτὸν τῷ Ἀνδρονίκῳ to be initiated into dramatic art).—ἑαυτοὺς παρέδωκαν τῇ ἀσελγείᾳ they gave themselves over to debauchery Eph 4:19. ταῖς ἐπιθυμίαις τ. αἰῶνος τούτου Hs 6, 2, 3. ταῖς τρυφαῖς καὶ ἀπάταις 6, 2, 4. παρεδώκατε ἑαυτοὺς εἰς τὰς ἀκηδίας Hv 3, 11, 3 (s. ἀκηδία). Of God, who punishes evil-doers: παρέδωκεν αὐτοὺς εἰς ἀκαθαρσίαν he abandoned them to impurity Ro 1:24 (for the thought cp. 1QH 2:16–19. See also EKlostermann, ZNW 32, ’33, 1–6 [retribution]). εἰς πάθη ἀτιμίας to disgraceful passions vs. 26. εἰς ἀδόκιμον νοῦν vs. 28. παρέδωκεν αὐτοὺς λατρεύειν τῇ στρατιᾷ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ Ac 7:42. God, the All-Gracious One, is the subject of the extraordinary (s. lit. διδαχή 2) expression εἰς ὸ̔ν παρεδόθητε τύπον διδαχῆς = τῷ τύπῳ δ. εἰς ὸ̔ν π. (obedient) to the form of teaching, for the learning of which you were given over i.e. by God Ro 6:17 (cp. the ins. fr. Transjordania in Nabataean times NGG Phil.-Hist. Kl. Fachgr. V n.s. I, 1, ’36, p. 3, 1 Abedrapsas thanks his paternal god: παρεδόθην εἰς μάθησιν τέχνης=‘I was apprenticed to learn a trade’. AFridrichsen, ConNeot 7, ’42, 6–8; FBeare, NTS 5, ’59, 206–10; UBorse, BZ 12, ’68, 95–103; FDanker, Gingrich Festschr., ’72, 94).

② to entrust for care or preservation, give over, commend, commit w. dat. (cp. PFlor 309, 5 σιωπῇ παραδ. ‘hand over to forgetfulness’; Just., A II, 5, 2 τὴν … τῶν ἀνθρώπων … πρόνοιαν ἀγγέλοις … παρέδωκεν ‘[God] entrusted angels with concern for humans’; Tat. 7, 3 τῇ σφῶν ἀβελτερίᾳ παρεδόθησαν ‘they were handed over to their own stupidity’) παραδίδοσθαι τῇ χάριτι τοῦ κυρίου ὑπό τινος be commended by someone to the grace of the Lord Ac 15:40. Ἀντιόχεια, ὅθεν ἦσαν παραδεδομένοι τῇ χάριτι τοῦ θεοῦ εἰς τὸ ἔργον Antioch, from which (city they had gone out) commended to the grace of God for the work 14:26.—παρεδίδου τῷ κρίνοντι he committed his cause to the one who judges 1 Pt 2:23.

③ to pass on to another what one knows, of oral or written tradition, hand down, pass on, transmit, relate, teach (Theognis 1, 28f passes on what he himself learned as παῖς, ἀπὸ τῶν ἀγαθῶν; Pla., Phil. 16c, Ep. 12, 359d μῦθον; Demosth. 23, 65; Polyb. 7, 1, 1; 10, 28, 3; Diod S 12, 13, 2 π. τινί τι pass on someth. to future generations εἰς ἅπαντα τὸν αἰῶνα; Plut., Nic. 524 [1, 5]; Herm. Wr. 13, 15; Jos., C. Ap. 1, 60 τὴν κατὰ νόμους παραδεδομένην εὐσέβειαν; PMagd 33, 5 of a report to the police concerning the facts in a case; Just.; A I, 54, 1 τὰ μυθοποιηθέντα) Lk 1:2. παραδόσεις Mk 7:13 (of the tradition of the Pharisees, as Jos., Ant. 13, 297; cp. the rabbinic term מָסַר); 1 Cor 11:2. ἔθη Ac 6:14. ὁ ἡμῖν παραδοθεὶς λόγος the teaching handed down to us Pol 7:2 (Just., D. 53, 6). ἡ παραδοθεῖσα αὐτοῖς ἁγία ἐντολή 2 Pt 2:21 (ApcMos 23 τὴν ἐντολήν μου ἣν παρέδωκά σοι). ἡ παραδοθεῖσα τοῖς ἁγίοις πίστις Jd 3. τὰ παραδοθέντα (Philo, Fuga 200) Dg 11:1. παρεδίδοσαν αὐτοῖς φυλάσσειν τὰ δόγματα they handed down to them the decisions to observe Ac 16:4.—(In contrast to παραλαμβάνειν [the same contrast in Diod S 1, 91, 4; 3, 65, 6; 5, 2, 3; PHerm 119 III, 22; BGU 1018, 24; PThéad 8, 25]) pass on 1 Cor 11:23a; 15:3; AcPlCor 2:4; EpilMosq 2. W. a connotation of wonder and mystery (of mysteries and ceremonies: Theon Smyrn., Expos. Rer. Math. p. 14 Hiller τελετὰς παραδιδόναι; Diod S 5, 48, 4 μυστηρίων τελετὴ παραδοθεῖσα; Strabo 10, 3, 7; Wsd 14:15 μυστήρια καὶ τελετάς. ParJer 9:29 τὰ μυστήρια … τῷ Βαρούχ; Just., D. 70, 1 τὰ τοῦ Μίθρου μυστήρια παραδιδόντες; cp. 78, 6. Cp. Herm. Wr. 13, 1 παλιγγενεσίαν; PGM 4, 475) πάντα (πᾶς 1dβ) μοι παρεδόθη ὑπὸ τ. πατρός μου Mt 11:27; Lk 10:22 (cp. Herm. Wr. 1, 32 πάτερ … παρέδωκας αὐτῷ [ὁ σὸς ἄνθρωπος is meant] τὴν πᾶσαν ἐξουσίαν; in Vett. Val. 221, 23 astrology is ὑπὸ θεοῦ παραδεδομένη τ. ἀνθρώποις.—For lit. on the saying of Jesus s. under υἱός 2dβ).—S. παράδοσις, end.

④ to make it possible for someth. to happen, allow, permit (Hdt. 5, 67; 7, 18 [subj. ὁ θεός]; X., An. 6, 6, 34 [οἱ θεοί]; Isocr. 5, 118 [οἱ καιροί]; Polyb. 22, 24, 9 τῆς ὥρας παραδιδούσης) ὅταν παραδοῖ ὁ καρπός when the (condition of the) crop permits Mk 4:29.—On the whole word: WPopkes, Christus Traditus, ’67.—M-M. EDNT. TW. Spicq. Sv.

⁺ V 19-18-15-2-8=62 Nm 13,30; 33,54; 34,13.18; Dt 1,38

A: to become heir and owner Sir 44,21; to receive possession of [τι] Dt 3,20; to seize possession of [τι] (with violence) Hab 1,6; to obtain (a woman) as one’s assured possession [τινα] Sir 4,16; to receive a possession among [ἔν τινι] Jos 22,19; to divide and give sth as possession to sb [τί τινα] (semit., rendering Hebr. נחל hi.) Jer 3,18; id. [τί τινι] (semit., rendering Hebr.-לנחל לקח) Nm 34,18; to give as inheritance to sb [τινι] (semit., rendering Hebr. נחל pi.) Jos 14,1; to give sb as possession [τινα] (semit., rendering Hebr. נחל pi.) Jos 13,32; to make sb heir, to give an inheritance to [τινα] Sir 46,1

P: to have obtained a share Dt 19,14

ὄνομα αἰῶνος κατακληρονομήσει he shall inherit an everlasting name Sir 15,6

*2 Sm 7,1 κατεκληρονόμησεν αὐτόν he gave him an inheritance-הנחילו for MT לו הניח he gave him rest;

*Ez 22,16 καὶ κατακληρονομήσω ἐν σοί and I shall inherit you-בך ונחלתי נחל for MT בך ונחלת חלל you shall be profaned by you, you shall profane yourself

see κατακληροδοτέω

Cf. DOGNIEZ 1992, 120; DORIVAL 1994 169.186.315; HELBING 1928, 138-141; MURAOKA 1990b, 43;

→TWNT

V 0-0-0-0-1=1 Sir 47,19

to bend; παρανέκλινας τὰς λαγόνας σου γυναιξίν you gave your sides to women, you gave your embraces to women

⁺ V 66-146-136-138-72=558 Gn 1,17; 2,8.15; 3,15; 4,15

A: to set, to put [τι] Gn 30,41; to place [τινα] Jos 4,3; to set, to plant [τι] Jos 2,18; to lay [τι] Jgs^B 9,24

to lay (stones) [τι] 1 Ezr 6,8; to construct, to make (streets) [τι] 1 Kgs 21(20),34

to set, to draw (a border, boundary) Ex 23,31

to establish, to institute [τι] Ex 34,10; to make a decree, to ordain [τι] Ezr 4,21

to give (the name) [τί τινος] Jgs^B 8,31

to make sb (as) [τινα +pred.] Gn 17,5; id. [τινα εἴς τινα] Gn 17,6; to make sth (as) [τι +pred.] Lv 26,31;

id. [τι εἴς τι] Zph 2,13; to turn into [τι εἴς τι] Jdt 1,14

M: to set, to put, to place [τι] Gn 1,17; to place [τινα] Is 27,4

to show, to bestow [τι] Jb 10,12; to lay (a reproach) [τι] 1 Sm 11,2

to appoint to [τί τινι] 2 Sm 7,10; id. [τινι] Gn 47,26; to entrust sth to sb [τι ἔν τινι] Ps 104(105),27

to appoint sb [τινα] 2 Chr 32,6; to set sb (on a throne) [τινα] 1 Kgs 2,24; to put sb in (prison) [τινα ἔν τινι] Gn 41,10

to establish, to institute [τι] Gn 17,2; to appoint (a law) [τι] Ps 77(78), 5

to make for sb a name [τινί τι] 1 Chr 17,21

to make sb (as) [τινα +pred.] 1 Sm 28,2; id. [τινα εἴς τι] Zph 3,19; id. [τινα εἴς τινα] Jdt 5,11; to make sth (as) [τι +pred.] Jb 11,13

ἐπ᾽ ἐμὲ ἔθετο πᾶς Ισραηλ τὸ πρόσωπον αὐτοῦ εἰς βασιλέα all Israel looked to me as (their next) king 1 Kgs 2,15; ἔθηκας τὸν οἶκον... ὡς ἡ ἡμέρα αὕτη you have made the temple as it is today Bar 2,26

*Is 50,4 ἔθηκε he put, he stablished (me)-עלה (causal) to bring up, to place? for MT יעיר עור he rises up;

*Ez 14,8 καὶ θήσομαι αὐτόν and I will put him, I will turn him into-מתיהושׂו for MT מתיהושׂוה (uncertain hi.) id.?; *Hos 13,1 καὶ ἔθετο αὐτά and he put them, and he established them-מםשׂוי יםשׂ for MT םשׁויא

םשׁא and he incurred guilt; *Hab 3,4 καὶ ἔθετο and he puts, and he makes-םשׂו יםשׂ for MT םשׁו and there; *Neh 5,10 ἐθήκαμεν we put (to them), we gave (them)-אשׂנ or-יםשׂ for MT יםשׁנ השׁנ we gave loan (to them)

see κεῖμαι

Cf. CAIRD 1976, 82; HELBING 1928, 57; WEVERS 1993, 183; →MM; NIDNTT; TWNT

δίδωμι, Il.23.620, etc. (late [full] δίδω POxy. 121 (iii A. D.)); late forms, [ per.] 1pl. διδόαμεν v. l. in J.BJ3.8.5, etc., [ per.] 3pl. δίδωσι ([etym.] παρα-) Id.AJ10.4.1, etc.; but thematic forms are freq. used, esp. in [dialect] Ep. and [dialect] Ion., διδοῖς, διδοῖσθα, Il.9.164, 19.270,

A

διδοῖ Od.17.350

, Mimn.2.16, Hdt.2.48, Hp.Aër.12 ([etym.] ἀνα-), A.Supp. 1010, etc.,

διδοῦσι Il.19.265

(always in Hom.), dub. in [dialect] Att., Antiph.156; imper.

δίδου Thgn.1303

, Hdt.3.140, E.Or. 642,

δίδοι Pi.O.1.85

, Epigr. in Class.Phil.4.78, [dialect] Ep.

δίδωθι Od.3.380

; inf. διδόναι, also

διδοῦν Thgn.1329

, [dialect] Ep.

διδοῦναι Il.24.425

, [dialect] Aeol.

δίδων Theoc.29.9

; part. διδούς, [dialect] Aeol.

δίδοις Alc.Supp.23.13

: [tense] impf. ἐδίδουν -ους -ου, Ar.Eq. 678, Od.19.367, 11.289 ([dialect] Ep.

δίδου Il. 5.165

), etc.; [ per.] 3pl.

ἐδίδοσαν Hdt.8.9

, etc., ἐδίδουν (v.l. ἐδίδων) Hes. Op. 139, D.H.5.6 codd. ([etym.] ἀπ-), also ἔδιδον prob. in h.Cer. 437, δίδον ib. 328; [dialect] Ep. iter.

δόσκον Il.14.382

: [tense] fut.

δώσω 14.268

, etc., [dialect] Ep.

διδώσω Od.13.358

, 24.314; inf.

δωσέμεναι Il.13.369

: [tense] aor. 1 ἔδωκα, used only in ind., Od.9.361, etc., [dialect] Ep.

δῶκα Il.4.43

: [tense] aor. 2 ἔδων, used in pl. ind. ἔδομεν ἔδοτε ἔδοσαν ([dialect] Lacon.

ἔδον IG5(1).1

B1), and in moods, δός, δῶ, δοίην, δοῦναι, δούς; [dialect] Ep. forms of [tense] aor., subj. [ per.] 3sg. δώῃ, δώῃσι, δῷσι, Il.16.725, 1.324, Od.2.144; [ per.] 3sg. δώη, [dialect] Boeot.

δώει SIG2858.17

(Delph.), IG7.3054 (Lebad.),

δοῖ PPetr.2

.p.24; [ per.] 1pl.

δώομεν Il.7.299

, Od.16.184, [ per.] 3pl.

δώωσι Il.1.137

; [ per.] 3sg. opt. is written

δόη UPZ1.4

,

δοῖ IG14.1488

, etc.; inf.

δόμεναι Il.1.116

,

δόμεν 4.379

(also [dialect] Dor., Ar.Lys. 1163 ([etym.] ἀπο-)

, δόμειν SIG942

([place name] Dodona)); Cypr. inf.

δοϝέναι Inscr.Cypr.135.5H.

(also opt. δυϝάνοι ib. 6); Arc. part.

ἀπυ-δόας IG5(2).6.13

([place name] Tegea); inf.

δῶναι Schwyzer 666.2

(Orchom., iii B. C.), also in later Greek, BGU38.13 (ii A. D.): [tense] pf.

δέδωκα Pi.N.2.8

, etc.; [dialect] Boeot. [ per.] 3pl.

ἀπο-δεδόανθι IG7.3171.35

(Orchom.): [tense] plpf.

ἐδεδώκει X.Cyr.1.4.26

:—[voice] Med. only in compds.:— [voice] Pass., [tense] fut.

δοθήσομαι E.Ph. 1650

, Is.3.39, etc.: [tense] aor.

ἐδόθην Od.2.78

, etc.: [tense] pf.

δέδομαι Il.5.428

, A.Supp. 1041, Th.1.26, etc.; [ per.] 3pl.

δέδονται E.Supp. 757

: [tense] plpf.

ἐδέδοτο Th.3.109

:—give freely,

τινί τι Od.24.274

, etc.: in [tense] pres. and [tense] impf., to be ready to give, offer, Il.9.519, Hdt.5.94, 9.109, Ar.Fr. 100, X.An.6.3.9, etc.;

τὰ διδόμενα

things offered,

D.18.119

.

2 of the gods, grant, assign, κῦδος, νίκην, etc., Il.19.204, 11.397, etc.; of evils, δ. ἄλγεα, ἄτας, κήδεα, etc., 1.96, 19.270, Od.9.15, etc.; twice in Hom. in [voice] Pass., οὔ τοι δέδοται πολεμήϊα ἔργα not to thee have deeds of war been granted, Il.5.428, cf. Od.2.78; later εὖ διδόναι τινί give good fortune, provide well for.., S.OT 1081, OC 642, E.Andr. 750: abs., of the laws, grant permission,

δόντων αὐτῷ τῶν νόμων Is.7.2

, cf. Pl.Lg. 813c.

3 offer to the gods, ἑκατόμβας, ἱρὰ θεοῖσιν, Il.12.6, Od.1.67, etc.

4 with inf. added, ξεῖνος γάρ οἱ ἔδωκεν.. ἐς πόλεμον φορέειν gave it him to wear in war, Il.15.532, cf. 23.183;

δῶκε [τεύχεα] θεράποντι φορῆναι 7.149

: later freq. of giving to eat or drink,

ἐκ χειρὸς διδοῖ πιεῖν Hdt.4.172

, cf. Cratin.124, Pherecr.69, etc.;

ἐδίδου ῥοφεῖν Ar.Fr. 203

;

δίδου μασᾶσθαι Eup. 253

;

δὸς καταφαγεῖν Hegem.1

;

τὴν κύλικα δὸς ἐμπιεῖν Pherecr.41

;

δὸς τὴν μεγάλην σπάσαι Diph.17.7

; with inf. omitted,

φιάλην ἔδωκε κεράσας Ephipp.10

;

εὐζωρότερον δός Diph.58

; also of giving water to wash with, δίδου κατὰ χειρός (sc. νίψασθαι) Arched.2.3, cf. Alex.261.2.

5 Prose phrases, δ. ὅρκον, opp. λαμβάνειν, tender an oath,

δοκεῖ κἂν ὀμόσαι εἴ τις αὐτῷ ὅρκον διδοίη Is.9.24

, cf. D.39.3, Arist. Rh. 1377a8; δ. ψῆφον, γνώμην, put a proposal to the vote, propose a resolution, D.21.87, 24.13: δ. χάριν, = χαρίζεσθαι, S.Aj. 1354, Cratin. 317; ὀργῇ χάριν δούς having indulged.., S.OC 855; λόγον τινὶ δ. give one leave to speak, X.HG5.2.20;

δ. λόγον σφίσι

deliberate,

Hdt. 1.97

;

οὐκ, εἰ διδοίης.. σαυτῷ λόγον S.OT 583

; δοῦναι, λαβεῖν λόγον, Arist.SE 165a27 (but δ. λόγον, εὐθύνας, render accounts, IG12.91, al.): δ. δίκην or δίκας, v. δίκη: ἀκοὴν δ. λόγοις lend an ear to.., S. El.30, etc.; δ. ἐργασίαν give diligence, = Lat. dare operam, OGI441.109 (Lagina, i B. C.), POxy.742.11: c. inf., Ev.Luc.12.58: abs., sc.

πληγήν, λίθῳ δ. τινί PLips. 13 iii 3

; ἐμβολὰς διδόναι, ram, of ships, D.S.13.10.

II c. acc. pers., hand over, deliver up,

ἀχέεσσί με δώσεις Od.19.167

;

μιν.. ὀδύνῃσιν ἔδωκεν Il.5.397

;

Ἕκτορα κυσίν 23.21

;

πυρί τινα Od.24.65

;

πληγαῖς τινά Pl.R. 574c

;

ἔδωκε θῆρας φόβῳ Pi.P.5.60

.

2 of parents, give their daughter to wife,

θυγατέρα ἀνδρί Il.6.192

, Od.4.7; also of Telemachus,

ἀνέρι μητέρα δώσω 2.223

; τὴν.. Σάμηνδε ἔδοσαν gave her in marriage to go to Samé, 15.367, cf. 17.442; with inf. added,

δώσω σοι Χαρίτων μίαν ὀπυιέμεναι Il. 14.268

: in Prose and Trag.,

θυγατέρα δ. τινὶ γυναῖκα Hdt.1.107

, cf. Th.6.59, X.HG4.1.4, etc.: abs.,

ἐδίδοσαν καὶ ἤγοντο ἐξ ἀλλήλων Hdt. 5.92

.β, cf. E.Med. 288; also

δ. κόρᾳ ἄνδρα Pi.P.9.117

.

3 διδόναι τινά τινι grant another to one's entreaties, pardon him at one's request, X.An.6.6.31; διδόναι τινί τι forgive one a thing, condone it, E.Cyc. 296 (s. v. l.).

4 δ. ἑαυτόν τινι give oneself up,

δ. σφέας αὐτοὺς τοῖσι Ἀθηναίοισι Hdt.6.108

, cf. S.Ph.84, Th.2.68;

τινὶ εἰς χεῖρας S.El. 1348

;

δ. ἑαυτὸν τοῖς δεινοῖς D.18.97

;

εἰς τοὺς κινδύνους Plb.3.17.8

;

εἰς ἔντευξιν Id.3.15.4

; εἰς τρυφήν, εἰς λῃστείας, D.S.17.108, 18.47: c. inf.,

δίδωσ' ἑκὼν κτείνειν ἑαυτόν S.Ph. 1341

.

5 appoint, establish, of a priest, LXXEx.31.6; δῶμεν ἀρχηγόν ib.Nu. 14.4; δ. τινὰ εἰς ἔθνος μέγα ib.Ge.17.20; place, τινὰ ὑπεράνω πάντα τὰ ἔθνη ib.De.28.1:—[voice] Pass., οἱ δεδομένοι, = Nethinim, ministers of the Temple, ib.Ne.5.3; ἐδόθη αὐτοῖς ἵνα .. orders were given them that.., Apoc.9.5.

III in vows and prayers, c. acc. pers. et inf., grant, allow, bring about that.., esp. in prayers, δὸς ἀποφθίμενον δῦναι δόμον Ἄϊδος εἴσω grant that he may go.., Il.3.322;

τὸν κασίγνητον δότε τυίδ' ἴκεσθαι Sapph.Supp.1.2

; δός με τείσασθαι give me to.., A.Ch.18, cf. Eu.31; also c. dat. pers.,

τούτῳ.. εὐτυχεῖν δοῖεν θεοί Id.Th. 422

;

θεοὶ δοῖέν ποτ' αὐτοῖς.. παθεῖν S.Ph. 316

, cf. OC 1101, 1287, Pl.Lg. 737b.

2 grant, concede in argument,

δ. καὶ συγχωρεῖν Id.Phd. 100b

, cf. Arist.Metaph. 990a12, al.: c. inf., Id.Ph. 239b29;

δ. εἶναι θεούς Iamb.Myst.1.3

;

ἑνὸς ἀτόπου δοθέντος τἆλλα συμβαίνει Arist.Ph. 186a9

; δεδομένα, τά, data, title of work by Euclid; ἡ δοθεῖσα γραμμή, γωνία, etc., Pl.Men. 87a, Euc.1.9, etc.;

δεδόσθω κύκλος Archim.Sph.Cyl.1.6

, al.; also in Alchemy, δός take certain substances, Pleid.X.69.

IV Gramm., describe, record, Sch.Pi. P.5.93, Sch.Il.16.207.

V seemingly intr., give oneself up, devote oneself, c. dat., esp.

ἡδονῇ E.Ph.21

, Plu.Publ.13;

ἡδοναῖς Philostr. VS1.12

;

ἐλπίδι J.AJ17.12.2

;

εἰς δημοκοπίαν D.S.25.8

;

δρόμῳ δοὺς φέρεσθαι

at full speed,

Alciphr.3.47

.

ἐπώνῠμ-ος, ον (for the form cf. ἀν-ώνυμος),

A given as a significant name,

τῷ δ' Ὀδυσεὺς ὄνομ' ἔστω ἐπώνυμον Od.19.409

(cf. ὀδυσσάμενος τόδ' ἱκάνω ib. 407);

Ἀλκυόνην καλέεσκον ἐπώνυμον, οὕνεκ'.. Il.9.562

, cf. h.Ap. 373;

Κύκλωπες δ' ὄνομ' ἦσαν ἐπώνυμοι, οὕνεκα.. Hes.Th. 144

; τῷ μὲν ἐπώνυμον ἦεν [Χρυσάωρ], ὅτ'.. ib. 282 ; when the reason is omitted, the name is itself significant, Ἀρήτη δ' ὄνομ' ἐστὶν ἐπώνυμον ('the Desired') Od.7.54 ; κάρτα δ' ὢν ἐ., πομπαῖος ἴσθι, of Hermes, A.Eu. 90 ; Ζεὺς ἀλεξητήριος ἐ. γένοιτο may he become a defender according to his name, Id.Th.9, cf. 405 ; ἐπωνύμῳ δὲ κάρτα Πολυνείκει λέγω ib. 658 ; ὦ Πολύνεικες ἔφυς ἄρ' ἐ. rightly wert thou named.., E.Ph. 1494 (anap.).

2 surnamed,

Αθηναίῃ ἐ. Κραθίῃ Hdt.5.45

; πολλῶν ὀνομάτων ἐ., of Aphrodite, S.Fr.941.2 ; τόδ' ἐπώνυμον this is her proper name (sc. Αἴγλα), Isyll.47.

3 freq. c. gen., named after a person or thing,

ἐμοῦ δ'.. ἐπώνυμον γένος Πελασγῶν A.Supp. 252

, cf. Pr. 850, S.OC65 ; ἐ. ὄρνιχος called after it, Pi.I.6(5).53, cf. Hdt. 7.11, S.Fr. 323, Euph.34.3 ;

τῇ Ἀρτέμιδι, ἧς ἐστιν ἐ. ἡ φρατρία Rev.Épigr.1.239

(Naples, ii A.D.);

ἔνθεν ἔστ' ἐ. A.Eu. 689

;

ἐ. δεῖπνα Θυέστου E.Or. 1008

(anap.);

πόλεις ἐ. βασιλέων Plu.Comp.Thes.Rom.4

;

ἐ. τοῦ θανάτου τινὸς γενέσθαι Id.Flam.21

;

ἐ. ἐπί τινος Hdt.4.184

;

ἔκ τινος D.P.779

;

ἀπό τινος Scymn.547

: c. dat.,

Ὀδυσσεύς εἰμ' ἐ. κακοῖς S.Fr. 965

(s.v.l.);

πόλιν ποιεῖν ἐ. τινι Pl.Lg. 969a

;

φυλὴν ἐ. ἐποίησαν Ἀττάλῳ Plb.16.25.9

;

ἐ. ἑαυτῷ D.H.1.9

; χῶραι ἐ. local names of places, Plb.5.21.7 ; = Lat. cognomen, D.H.5.25 codd.; τῆς πράξεως ἐ., of Mummius, i.e. Achaëcus, Plu.Mar.I ; title, D.C.72.22. Adv. - μως by being named after,

ἔκ τινος Ath.3.121a

;

ἐ. τῇ γεννώσῃ χώρᾳ Dsc.3.23

.

II [voice] Act., giving one's name to a thing or person, αὐτό μοι σύ, παῖ, λαβὼν ἐ. (sc. τὸ σάκος) which gives thee thy name (of Eurysaces), S.Aj. 574 ;

τοῦ ἐ. τῆς πόλεως Διονύσου SIG762.13

(Dionysopolis, i B.C.).

2 at Athens, οἱ ἐ. (sc. ἥρωες ) the heroes who gave their names to the Attic φυλαί, Decr. ap. And.1.83, Isoc.18.61, D.21.103, etc.

b ἄρχων ἐ. the first Archon, who gave his name to the current year, IG3.81, al., Poll.8.89 ; also of the Spartan Ephors, Paus.3.11.2 ; of the Roman consules ordinarii, IG14.1389i34, Hdn.1.16.3 ;

οἱ τὰ ἐ. ἄρξαντες App.Syr.51

;

ἄρξαντα τὴν ἐ. ἀρχήν SIG872.6

(Eleusis, ii A.D.).

ὑποχωρ-έω, [tense] fut.

A

- ήσομαι Luc.Tox. 11

:—go back, retire, withdraw, Il.6.107, 22.96; χώρησαν δ' ὑπό τε πρόμαχοι .. 4.505; ὑ. ἐς τὴν Σάμον, εἰς Σικυῶνα, Th.8.79, Is.6.20;

πρὸς αἱμασιάν Th.4.43

;

παρὰ Τισσαφέρνην Id.8.45

; freq. in part., ὑποχωρῶν ᾤχετο, ὑποχωρήσαντες φεύγουσι, Is.4.28, D.22.66; of a lion,

βάδην ὑ. Arist.HA 629b14

; of long-horned kine,

νέμεσθαι ὑποχωροῦντας Id.PA 659a20

; εἰς τὰ βαθέα ὑ., of eels, Id.HA 592a27, etc.

2 c. gen., withdraw from,

ὑ. τῆς χώρης Hdt.1.207

;

ὑ. τοῦ πεδίου X.Cyr.2.4.24

;

τοῦ βίου IG12(7).395.9

([place name] Amorgos): c. dat.,

τὸ δημοκρατικὸν ὑπεχώρησε τῷ ὀλιγαρχικῷ

gave way to,

Pl.R. 560a

;

τὸν ἥσσω τῷ κρατοῦντι ὑ. Th.1.77

; but ὑ. τῷ δαίμονι try to escape from.., Plu.Brut.40.

b κἀκεῖνος ὑπεχώρησεν αὐτῷ τοῦ θρόνου he ([place name] Aeschylus) gave Sophocles a share of the throne, Ar.Ra. 790 (not surrendered it, which would be παρεχώρησεν) ; τοὺς πρεσβυτέρους ἐντρέπεσθαι.. ὁδῶν ὑποχωροῦντας making way for them on the streets (not ' retiring from the streets'), Plu.2.237d.

3 c. acc., avoid, shun,

μηδένα ὄχλον [νεῶν] Ἀθηναῖοι ὄντες ὑποχωρεῖν Th. 2.88

; so perh. to be taken in Il.13.476, μένεν.., οὐδ' ὑπεχώρει, Αἰνείαν ἐπιόντα; cf. Pl.Sph. 240a, D.H.6.93, Luc.Tox.36.

b cede, yield,

τὴν δεσποτίαν αὐτοῖς POxy.67.19

(iv A. D.).

II pass off below, esp. by way of stool,

σάρκες Hp.Aph.4.26

, etc.;

εἰ ταχέως ὑποχωρεῖ τῶν ὑποχονδρίων Gal.6.56

, cf. 253:—in [voice] Med., Hp.Aph. 7.67.

III go on steadily, εἰρεσία ὑπεχώρησεν ἐκ παλαμᾶν the rowing went on, stroke after stroke, Pi.P.4.202.

IV Ἡγέλοχος οὕτω προηνέγκατο (sc. γαλην ὁρῶ) ὥστε μὴ ὑποχωρῆσαι ἐκ τῆς συναλοιφῆς τὸ γαληνά, ἀλλὰ διαχωρῆσαι μᾶλλον, ὥστε δόξαι τὴν γαλῆν εἰπεῖν Sch.Ar.Ra. 305 (dub. sens.).

ᾤα (A), ἡ,

A = μηλωτή, sheepskin, Hermipp.57 (anap.), cf. Poll.10.181, Hsch.;

στέγασμα, εἴ τι βόλεστε, ἀποπέμψαι ἢ ὤας ἢ διφθέρας ὡς εὐτελεστάτας καὶ μὴ σισυρωτάς SIG1259

(Athens, iv B. C.).

2 garment of this material, a sort of drawers or apron, used by bathers,

περιζωσάμενος ᾤαν λουτρίδα, κατάδεσμον ἥβης Theopomp.Com.37

; ᾤαν λούμενος (Bentl. for λουμένῳ)

προζώννυται Pherecr.62

; worn at certain sacred rites, Hermipp.53 (anap.).

II = ὄα (B).1, border or fringe of a garment, = τὸ κράσπεδον τοῦ ἱματίου, Ar. ap. Lex.Mess. p.411 (σὺν τῷ ῑ, but Phot. and Eust. cite (Fr. 228) the same play for ὀαὶ τῶν ἱματίων)

; τὴν ᾤαν τοῦ ἐνδύματος LXXPs.132(133).2

, cf. Gal.18(1).776, dub. cj. in Aen.Tact.31.23 (bis);

ᾤαν ἔχον κύκλῳ τοῦ περιστομίου, ἔργον ὑφάντου, ἵνα μὴ ῥαγῇ LXXEx.28.28

, cf. 36.31; Eust. speaks of the χρυσῆ ᾤα of Odysseus, 1828.53.

2 generally, edge,

ἐς τὰν ἄνω ὠίαν τᾶς πέτρας GDI5075.59

([place name] Crete);

ἡ ὤα τοῦ ἄντρου τῆς μεγάλης πέτρας ἦν τὸ μεσαίτατον Longus 1.4

; τὰν βωίαν (i. e. ϝωίαν)

Ὀρυκόππαν GDI5024

A 24 ([place name] Crete); στεφάνυσι [δέ] ἑκατ' ὤιαν ἐκόσμιον summit, dub. in Corinn.Supp.1.26.—Gramm. vary in spelling,

ὄα Poll.7.62

, Hdn.Gr.2.271; ὄα and

ᾤα Hsch.

;

ᾦα Theognost.Can.106

;

ὦα Eust.

(v. supr.), quoting Ael.Dion.Fr. 266 (whose lexicon gave both ὄα and ᾦα ) and an anonymous lexicon which gave ὀαὶ ἱματίων (ὀξυτόνως καὶ συνεσταλμένως, = Ar.Fr. 228): SIG1259 (v. supr.) is by a half-educated writer: Eust. considers ᾤα to be [var] contr. from οἰέη or ὀΐα, 877.53, 1828.51.

------------------------------------

ὤα (B),

A v. ὠβά, cf. οἴη (A).

Grammatical information: refl. pron.

Meaning: `se', ep. also `eum, eam, id', 3. pers. sing. acc. of the reflexive and (enclitic) anaphoric pronoun; (pl. see σφε)

Other forms: Lesb. Ϝε, Pamph. Ϝhε, ep. auch ἑέ; gen. οὗ (οὑ), ep. ἕο ( εἷο), εὗ (ἑο, εὑ), ἕθεν, Lesb. Ϝέθεν, Locr. Ϝέος; dat. (and gen.; Schwyzer-Debrunner 189 m. Lit.; cf. Latte Glotta 35, 296) οἷ (οἱ), ep. also ἑοῖ, Lesb. etc. Ϝοῖ, Cret. (Gortyn) etc. Ϝιν, Boeot. (Korinna) ἑίν.

Derivatives: From it the possessive ὅς, ep. also ἑός, Dor. etc. Ϝός `suus, own' (also referring to 1. and 2. pers.), `eius'.

Origin: IE [Indo-European] [282] *se, su̯e `himself'

Etymology: The ep. forms ἑ, εὑ, ἕθεν, οἱ can, if there is no trace of digamma (Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 146ff.), go back to an IE reflexive stem * se-, seen in Lat. sē, OCS sę `sē', Germ., e. g. Goth. si-k; with οἱ \< * soi = OP šay, Av. hē, Prakr. se; ἑο aus * se-so, cf. τέο from τίς (s. v.). It is now maintained that IE only had *su̯e, Petit * Swe en grec ancien 1999, 126-8. Beside it we find Ϝhε, Ϝοῖ \< *su̯e, *su̯oi = Skt. sva- `himself', only in derivations and in compounds, e. g. sva-taḥ `from himself, of his own' (cf. ἐτός), sva-já- `born from himself'; a disyllabic (full grade) variant seems found in ἑέ \< *seu̯e. - Adjectivized *su̯e, *seu̯e gave the possessive *su̯o-s, *seu̯o-s, which gave Ϝός, ἑός = Skt. svá- `suus', OLat. sovos \> Lat. suus. - Further see Schwyzer 600ff. (Strange idea in Szemerényi, Gnomon 43(1971) 665f. that *su̯e indicated the extended family.) Cf. ἑαυτοῦ, ἑκάς, ἕκαστος, σφε und σύ.

Page in Frisk: 1,431-432

Grammatical information: refl. pron.

Meaning: `se', ep. also `eum, eam, id', 3. pers. sing. acc. of the reflexive and (enclitic) anaphoric pronoun; (pl. see σφε)

Other forms: Lesb. Ϝε, Pamph. Ϝhε, ep. auch ἑέ; gen. οὗ (οὑ), ep. ἕο ( εἷο), εὗ (ἑο, εὑ), ἕθεν, Lesb. Ϝέθεν, Locr. Ϝέος; dat. (and gen.; Schwyzer-Debrunner 189 m. Lit.; cf. Latte Glotta 35, 296) οἷ (οἱ), ep. also ἑοῖ, Lesb. etc. Ϝοῖ, Cret. (Gortyn) etc. Ϝιν, Boeot. (Korinna) ἑίν.

Derivatives: From it the possessive ὅς, ep. also ἑός, Dor. etc. Ϝός `suus, own' (also referring to 1. and 2. pers.), `eius'.

Origin: IE [Indo-European] [282] *se, su̯e `himself'

Etymology: The ep. forms ἑ, εὑ, ἕθεν, οἱ can, if there is no trace of digamma (Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 146ff.), go back to an IE reflexive stem * se-, seen in Lat. sē, OCS sę `sē', Germ., e. g. Goth. si-k; with οἱ \< * soi = OP šay, Av. hē, Prakr. se; ἑο aus * se-so, cf. τέο from τίς (s. v.). It is now maintained that IE only had *su̯e, Petit * Swe en grec ancien 1999, 126-8. Beside it we find Ϝhε, Ϝοῖ \< *su̯e, *su̯oi = Skt. sva- `himself', only in derivations and in compounds, e. g. sva-taḥ `from himself, of his own' (cf. ἐτός), sva-já- `born from himself'; a disyllabic (full grade) variant seems found in ἑέ \< *seu̯e. - Adjectivized *su̯e, *seu̯e gave the possessive *su̯o-s, *seu̯o-s, which gave Ϝός, ἑός = Skt. svá- `suus', OLat. sovos \> Lat. suus. - Further see Schwyzer 600ff. (Strange idea in Szemerényi, Gnomon 43(1971) 665f. that *su̯e indicated the extended family.) Cf. ἑαυτοῦ, ἑκάς, ἕκαστος, σφε und σύ.

Page in Frisk: 1,431-432

Grammatical information: num.

Meaning: `seventy' (Hdt.).

Other forms: Dor. (Delphi, Tab. Heracl. IV^a) ἑβδεμ-

Compounds: As 1. member e. g. in ἑβδομηκοντ-άρουρος (pap.) etc.

Derivatives: ἑβδομηκοστός `the seventieth' (Hp.), ἑβδομηκοντάκις `seventy times' (LXX).

Origin: IE [Indo-European] [909] *septm-dḱmt- `seventy'

Etymology: From *ἑβδμήκοντα from IE * sebdm-dkmt- where the vocalic -m- followed by the (glottalic element of the) preglottalized -d- gave - μη-, just like -m̥h₁-. See Kortlandt, MSS 42 (1983)97-104. See further on ἑβδομος. Cf. ἐνενήκοντα; it gave ε- in ἑκατόν, s.v.

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Grammatical information: m. f.

Meaning: `witness' (Il.; on the spread etc. E. Kretschmer Glotta 18, 92 f., on the use in Homer Nenci Par. del Pass. 13, 221ff.) `martyr, (blood-witness)' (christ. lit.; s. Bauer Gr.-dt. Wb. s.v.).

Other forms: Aeol. (Hdn. Gr.) a. Dor. μάρτυρ, Cret. Epid. μαῖτυς (- ρς), - ρος, acc. also μάρτυν (Simon.), dat. pl. μάρτυσι (- ρσι Hippon.?); ep., also NWGr. μάρτυρος.

Compounds: Compp., e.g. μαρτυρο-ποιέομαι `call as witness' (inscr., pap.), ψευδό-μαρτυς `false witness' (Pl.; Risch IF 59, 257 f.), ἐπί-μαρτυς `witness' (Ar., Call., A. R.), prob. backformation from ἐπι-μαρτύρομαι, - ρέω; on supposed ἐπιμάρτυρος (for ἔπι μάρτυρος) see Leumann Hom. Wörter 71.

Derivatives: μαρτυρία (λ 325; cf. below on μαρτυρέω), μαρτύριον (IA) `testimony, evidence'. Denominatives: 1. μαρτύρομαι, also wiht prefix, e.g. δια-, ἐπι-, `call as witness' (IA); 2. μαρτυρέω, often w. prefix, e.g. ἀντι-, ἐκ-, ἐπι-, δια-, κατα-, συν-, `testify, bear witness' (Alc., Pi., IA) with μαρτύρημα (E.), ( ἀντι-, κατα-)-μαρτύρησις (Epicur., pap.) `testimony', also ( δια-, ἐκ-, ἐπι-, συμ-) μαρτυρία `id.' (cf. above and Scheller Oxytonierung 34f. w. n. 4).

Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]

Etymology: The basis may be a verbal noun *μάρ-τυ- `testimony', seen in μάρ-τυς, - τυν, - τυσι; cf. below. The change from abstract `testimony' to appellative `witness' is attested more often, e.g. Fr. témoin \< Lat. testimonium, Engl. witness orig. `testimony', then `witness'. The suffix ρο- gave the personal, prob. orig. adjectival μάρτυ-ρος. A compromise with μάρτυς gave perhaps the consonantstem μάρτυρ-; note esp. the gen. pl. μαρτύρων ( ἐναντίον μαρτύρων etc.), which can be both from the o-stem and from the consonantstem; further see Egli Heteroklisie 117ff. Dissimilation occurred in μαῖτυ(ρ)ς (\< *μάρτυρ-ς); μάρτυσι and μάρτυς can be explained in the same way (Schwyzer 260); cf. above. - As zero grade τυ-derivation μάρτυς may belong to a verb for `remember', which may be found in Skt. smárati and which may have other derivatives in Greek, e.g. μέριμνα (s. v.); proper meaning *'remembrance'. -- Not with Thieme Studien 55 (with criticism of the traditional interpretation): from *mr̥t-tur prop. `seizing death' (?), cf. Leumann Gnomon 25, 191. - But this cannot explain the vocalism, so rather a loand from Pre-Greek (Fur. 296). The speculations above, which start from an IE origin, must be rejected.

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δίδωμι (Hom.+) by-form διδῶ (B-D-F §94, 1; Rob. 311f) Rv 3:9 (δίδω Tregelles, δίδωμι v.l.), 3 sg. διδοῖ (GrBar 7:2), 3 pl. διδόασι; impf. 3 sg. ἐδίδου, ἐδίδει (Hs 6, 2, 7; cp. Mk 4:8 cod. W), 3 pl. ἐδίδουν, ἐδίδοσαν J 19:3; ptc. διδῶν (Hs 8, 3, 3); fut. δώσω; 1 aor. ἔδωκα, subj. 3 sg. δώσῃ J 17:2; Rv 8:3 v.l. (on this W-S.§14, 9; B-D-F §95, 1; Rob. 308f), 1 pl. δώσωμεν Mk 6:37 v.l., 3 pl. δώσωσιν Rv 4:9 v.l.; pf. δέδωκα; plpf. ἐδεδώκειν (and without augm. δεδώκειν Mk 14:44; Lk 19:15; J 11:57); 2 aor. subj. 3 sg. δῷ J 15:16 (δώῃ v.l.); also in the form δώῃ Eph 1:17; 2 Ti 2:25 (in both δῷ as v.l.): in all these cases read δώῃ subj., not δῴη opt., s. below; δοῖ Mk 8:37 (B-D-F §95, 2; Mlt. 55; Rdm.² 97f and Glotta 7, 1916, 21ff; GKilpatrick in Festschrift JSchmid ’63, 135), pl. δῶμεν, δῶτε, δῶσιν; 2 aor. opt. 3 sg. Hellenist. (also LXX) δῴη for δοίη Ro 15:5; 2 Th 3:16; 2 Ti 1:16, 18 (on Eph 1:17; 2 Ti 2:25 s. above); 2 aor. impv. δός, δότε, inf. δοῦναι, ptc. δούς; pf. δέδωκα LXX. Pass.: 1 fut. δοθήσομαι (W-S. §14, 8ff); 1 aor. ἐδόθην; pf. δέδομαι.

① to give as an expression of generosity, give, donate as a gen. principle: μακάριόν ἐστιν μᾶλλον διδόναι ἢ λαμβάνειν it is more blessed to give than to receive Ac 20:35 (Theophyl. Sim., Ep. 42 τὸ διδόναι ἢ τὸ λαβεῖν οἰκειότερον); cp. 1 Cl 2:1; Hm 2:4ff (the contrast δίδωμι … λαμβάνω is frequently found: Epicharmus, Fgm. 273 Kaibel; Com. Fgm. Adesp. 108, 4 K.; Maximus Tyr. 32, 10c ὀλίγα δούς, μεγάλα ἔλαβες; Sir 14:16; Tat. 29, 2).—On the logion Ac 20:35 s. Unknown Sayings 77–81: giving is blessed, not receiving (cp. EHaenchen on Ac 20:35; Aristot., EN 4, 3, 26; Plut., Mor. 173d). S. μᾶλλον 3c. δὸς τοῖς πτωχοῖς give to the poor Mt 19:21 (HvonCampenhausen, Tradition u. Leben ’60, 114–56). τινὶ ἔκ τινος give someone some (of a substance: Tob 4:16; Ezk 48:12) Mt 25:8. S. also 7:11; 14:7.

② to give someth. out, give, bestow, grant δ. δακτύλιον εἰς τὴν χεῖρα put a ring on the finger Lk 15:22 (cp. Esth 3:10—δίδωμί τι εἰς τ. χεῖρα also Aristoph., Nub. 506; Herodas 3, 70). give τινί τι someth. to someone τὸ ἅγιον τοῖς κυσίν Mt 7:6 (Ps.-Lucian, Asin. 33 τὰ ἔγκατα τοῖς κυσὶ δότε).—A certificate of divorce to one’s wife 5:31 (Dt 24:1; conversely of the wife Just., A II, 2, 6 ῥεπούδιον δοῦσα); without dat. 19:7. Of bread (w. dat. or acc. somet. to be supplied fr. the context) 26:26f; Mk 2:26; 14:22; Lk 6:4; 11:7f; 22:19; J 21:13 (difft. Mt 14:19; 15:36; Mk 6:41; 8:6 the disciples transfer to others what they have received). W. inf. foll. δ. τινὶ φαγεῖν give someone someth. to eat Mt 14:16; 25:35, 42; Mk 5:43; 6:37; J 6:31 al. (cp. Gen 28:20; Ex 16:8, 15; Lev 10:17); someth. to drink Mt 27:34; Mk 15:23; J 4:7; Rv 16:6 (Hdt. 4, 172, 4; Aristoph., Pax 49; Jos., Ant. 2, 64; schol. on Nicander, Alexiph. 146 δὸς πιεῖν τί τινι, without dat. 198; PGM 13, 320 δὸς πεῖν[=πιεῖν]; Jos., Ant. 2, 64).—τὰς ῥάβδους GJs 9:1.—Lk 15:29 (Hipponax 43 Deg.).

③ to express devotion, give δόξαν δ. θεῷ give God the glory, i.e. praise, honor, thanks (Josh 7:19; Ps 67:35; 1 Esdr 9:8; 2 Ch 30:8 and oft.) Lk 17:18; J 9:24 (practically=promise under oath to tell the truth); Ac 12:23 al. δόξαν καὶ τιμήν (2 Ch 32:33) give glory and honor Rv 4:9. Through a sacrificial offering θυσίαν δ. bring an offering Lk 2:24 (cp. Jos., Ant. 7, 196 θυσίαν ἀποδοῦναι τ. θεῷ).

④ to cause to happen, esp. in ref. to physical phenomena, produce, make, cause, give fig. extension of mng. 1 ὑετὸν δ. (3 Km 17:14; Job 5:10; Zech 10:1; PsSol 5:9) yield rain Js 5:18; send rain Ac 14:17. τέρατα cause wonders to appear Ac 2:19 (Jo 3:3). Of heavenly bodies φέγγος δ. give light, shine Mt 24:29; Mk 13:24 (cp. Is 13:10). Of a musical instrument φωνὴν δ. (cp. Ps 17:14; 103:12; Jdth 14:9; Pind., N. 5, 50b [93]) produce a sound 1 Cor 14:7f.

⑤ to put someth. in care of another, entrust

ⓐ of things entrust τινί τι someth. to someone money Mt 25:15; Lk 19:13, 15; the keys of the kgdm. Mt 16:19; perh. Lk 12:48. W. εἰς τὰς χεῖρας added J 13:3 (cp. Gen 39:8; Is 22:21; 29:12 al.) or ἐν τῇ χειρί τινος 3:35 (cp. Jdth 9:9; Da 1:2; 7:25 Theod.; 1 Macc 2:7). Of spiritual things J 17:8, 14; Ac 7:38.

ⓑ of pers. τινά τινι entrust someone to another’s care J 6:37, 39; 17:6, 9, 12, 24; Hb 2:13 (Is 8:18).

⑥ to engage in a financial transaction

ⓐ of payment pay, give τινί τι Mt 20:4; 26:15; 28:12; Mk 14:11; Lk 22:5; Rv 11:18. Fig. repay someone (Mélanges Nicole, var. contributors, JNicole Festschr. 1905, p. 246 [HvanHerwerden=PLips 40 III, 3 p. 129] λίθῳ δέδωκεν τῷ υἱῷ μου; Ps 27:4) Rv 2:23. Of taxes, tribute, rent, etc. τινὶ ἀπό τινος pay rent of someth. Lk 20:10 (cp. 1 Esdr 6:28). τὶ pay (up), give someth. Mt 16:26; 27:10; Mk 8:37; δ. κῆνσον, φόρον καίσαρι pay tax to the emperor (Jos., Bell. 2, 403) Mt 22:17; Mk 12:14; Lk 20:22. Of inheritance pay out a portion of property Lk 15:12.

ⓑ as commercial t.t. for bookkeeping λόγον δ. render account (POxy 1281, 9 [21 A.D.]; PStras 32, 9 δότω λόγον; cp. Phil 4:15) Ro 14:12.

ⓒ of a bank deposit, equivalent to τιθέναι put, place, deposit ἀργύριον ἐπὶ τράπεζαν put money in the bank Lk 19:23.

⑦ appoint to special responsibility, appoint (Num 14:4) κριτάς judges Ac 13:20; w. double acc. appoint someone someth. (PLille 28, II [III B.C.] αὐτοῖς ἐδώκαμεν μεσίτην Δωρίωνα) τοὺϚ μὲν ἀποστόλους some (to be) apostles Eph 4:11. τινὰ κεφαλήν make someone head 1:22. Also δ. τινὰ εἴς τι B 14:7 (Is 42:6).

⑧ to cause someth. to happen, give (Philo, Leg. All. 3, 106 δ. χρόνον εἰς μετάνοιαν) δ. γνῶσιν σωτηρίας= to give (his people) knowledge of salvation = to tell (his people) how to be saved Lk 1:77.

⑨ to bear as a natural product, yield, produce of a field and its crops καρπὸν δ. yield fruit (Ps 1:3) Mt 13:8; Mk 4:7f; fig. ἔδωκεν μοὶ Κύριος καρπὸν δικαιοσύνης αὐτοῦ GJs 6:3 (Pr 11:30).

⑩ to dedicate oneself for some purpose or cause, give up, sacrifice τὸ σῶμά μου τὸ ὑπὲρ ὑμῶν διδόμενον my body, given up for you Lk 22:19 (cp. Thu. 2, 43, 2; Libanius, Declam. 24, 23 Förster οἱ ἐν Πύλαις ὑπὲρ ἐλευθερίας τ. Ἑλλήνων δεδωκότες τὰ σώματα; of Menas δ. ἀπροφασίστως ἑαυτόν ‘gave of himself unstintingly’ OGI 339, 19f; Danker, Benefactor 321–23; for use of δ. in a testamentary context cp. Diog. L. 5, 72); ἑαυτὸν (τὴν ψυχὴν) δ. give oneself up, sacrifice oneself (ref. in Nägeli 56; 1 Macc 6:44; 2:50) w. dat. 2 Cor 8:5. λύτρον ἀντι πολλῶν give oneself up as a ransom for many Mt 20:28; Mk 10:45 (ἀντί 3). Also ἀντίλυτρον ὑπέρ τινος 1 Ti 2:6. ὐπέρ τινος for or because of a person or thing J 10:15 v.l.; Gal 1:4; Tit 2:14; AcPl Ha 8, 24 (on the form of these passages s. KRomaniuk, NovT 5, ’62, 55–76). ἑαυτὸν δ. τῷ θανάτῳ ISm 4:2 (cp. Just., A I, 21, 2 πυρί); δ. ἑαυτὸν εἰς τὸ θηρίον face the beast Hv 4, 1, 8.

⑪ to cause (oneself) to go, go, venture somewhere (cp. our older ‘betake oneself’) (Polyb. 5, 14, 9; Diod S 5, 59, 4; 14, 81, 2; Jos., Ant. 7, 225; 15, 244) εἰς τὸ θέατρον Ac 19:31; εἰς τὴν ἔρημον GJs 1:4.

⑫ to use an oracular device, draw/cast lots Ac 1:26.

⑬ to grant by formal action, grant, allow, freq. of God (cp. 7 above) ἐξουσίαν δ. (Hippol., Ref. 5, 26, 21 grant someone the power or authority, give someone the right, etc. (cp. TestJob 20:3; Jos., Ant. 2, 90, Vi. 71) Mt 9:8; 28:18; 2 Cor 13:10; Rv 9:3; 1 Cl 61:1; τοῦ πατεῖν ἐπάνω τινός tread on someth. Lk 10:19. τὴν σοφίαν τοῦ γράψαι τὴν ἱστορίαν ταύτην the ability to write this account GJs 25:1. ἔδωκεν αὐτοῖς δύναμιν καὶ ἐξουσίαν ἐπί Lk 9:1 (cp. Just., D. 30, 3 ἔδωκεν αὐτῷ δύναμιν). ταῦτά σοι πάντα δώσω i.e. put them under your control Mt 4:9 of the devil. Simple δ. w. inf. (Appian, Liby. 19 §78 ἢν [=ἐὰν] ὁ θεὸς δῷ ἐπικρατῆσαι 106 §499) δέδοται it is given, granted to someone γνῶναι τὰ μυστήρια to know the secrets Mt 13:11; cp. ἡ δοθεῖσα αὐτῷ γνῶσις B 9:8 (Just., D. 7, 3 εἰ μή τῳ θεός δῷ συνιέναι) ἔδωκεν ζωὴν ἔχειν he has granted (the privilege) of having life J 5:26. μετὰ παρρησίας λαλεῖν to speak courageously Ac 4:29 and oft. Rather freq. the inf. is to be supplied fr. the context (Himerius, Or. 38 [4], 8 εἰ θεὸς διδοίη=if God permits) οἷς δέδοται sc. χωρεῖν Mt 19:11. ἦν δεδομένον σοι sc. ἐξουσίαν ἔχειν J 19:11. W. acc. and inf. foll. (Appian, Mithrid. 11, §37; Heliodorus 5, 12, 2 δώσεις με πιστεύειν) οὐδὲ δώσεις τὸν ὅσιόν σου ἰδεῖν διαφθοράν you will not permit your holy one to see corruption Ac 2:27; 13:35 (both Ps 15:10). ἔδωκεν αὐτὸν ἐμφανῆ γενέσθαι granted that he should be plainly seen 10:40. δὸς … ῥαγήναι τὰ δέσμα grant that our chains be broken AcPl Ha 3,11f. Pregnant constr.: grant, order (Diod S 9, 12, 2 διδ. λαβεῖν=permit to; 19, 85, 3 τὶ=someth.; Appian, Bell. Civ. 4, 125 §524 ὁ καιρὸς ἐδίδου=the opportunity permitted; Biogr. p. 130 ἐδίδου θάπτειν τ. ἄνδρα) ἐδόθη αὐτοῖς ἵνα μὴ ἀποκτείνωσιν orders were given them not to kill Rv 9:5; cp. 19:8.—Of an oath w. double inf. Lk 1:73f. S. also 17 below.

⑭ to cause to come into being, institute περιτομὴν δ. institute circumcision B 9:7.

⑮ give up, someth. that has been under one’s control for a relatively long time, give up, give back ἡ θάλασσα τ. νεκρούς the sea gave up its dead Rv 20:13.

⑯ to proffer someth., extend, offer χεῖρα hold out one’s hand (to someone) Ac 9:41 (cp. 1 Macc 6:58; 2 Macc 12:11; Jos., Bell. 6, 318). (τὸν) μαστὸν τῇ παῖδι GJs 5:2; 6:3.

⑰ In many phrases this word relates to an activity or an abstract object, and with tr. freq. determined by the noun object; cp. 13 above.

ⓐ of humans: of a plan conceived in a meeting give counsel or advice: δ. for ποιεῖν (cp. κατά A2b β and s. s.v. συμβούλιον), which is read by some mss., in συμβούλιον δ. conspired (against Jesus) Mk 3:6. ἀφορμὴν δ. give an occasion (for someth.) 2 Cor 5:12; Hm 4, 1, 11; μαρτυρίαν δ. give testimony 1 Cl 30:7; δ. τὸ μαρτύριον bear witness AcPl Ha 4, 28; γνώμην δ. give an opinion 1 Cor 7:25; 2 Cor 8:10; ἐγκοπὴν δ. cause a hindrance 1 Cor 9:12; ἐντολὴν δ. command, order J 11:57; 12:49; 1J 3:23; ἐντολὴν καινὴν δ. give a new commandment J 13:34; εὔσημον λόγον δ. speak plainly or intelligibly 1 Cor 14:9; παραγγελίαν δ. give an instruction 1 Th 4:2; δ. τὴν ἐν [κυρίῳ σφραγίδα] seal in the Lord AcPl Ha 11, 23 (restored after the Coptic); προσκοπὴν δ. put an obstacle in (someone’s) way 2 Cor 6:3; δ. ἐκδίκησιν take vengeance 2 Th 1:8; ῥάπισμα δ. τινί slap someone J 18:22; 19:3; σημεῖον δ. give a sign Mt 26:48; τόπον δ. τινί make room for someone (Plut., Gai. Gracch. 840 [13, 3]) Lk 14:9; fig. leave room for Ro 12:19 (cp. τόπος 4); Eph 4:27. ὑπόδειγμα δ. give an example J 13:15; φίλημα δ. τινί give someone a kiss Lk 7:45.—δὸς ἐργασίαν Lk 12:58 is prob. a Latinism=da operam take pains, make an effort (B-D-F §5, 3b note 9; Rob. 109), which nevertheless penetrated the popular speech (OGI 441, 109 [senatorial decree 81 B.C.]; POxy 742, 11 [colloq. letter 2 B.C.] δὸς ἐργασίαν; PMich 203, 7; 466, 33f [Trajan]; PGiss 11, 16 [118 A.D.]; PBrem 5, 8 [117/119 A.D.]).

ⓑ esp. oft. of God (Hom. et al.) and Christ: give, grant, impose (of punishments etc.), send, of gifts, peace τινί τι Eph 4:8; 1 Cl 60:4; τινί τινος give someone some of a thing Rv 2:17. Also τινὶ ἔκ τινος 1J 4:13. τὶ εἴς τινα 1 Th 4:8 (Ezk 37:14); εἰς τὰς καρδίας put into the hearts Rv 17:17 (cp. X., Cyr. 8, 2, 20 δ. τινί τι εἰς ψυχήν). Also ἐν τ. καρδίαις δ. (cp. ἐν 3) 2 Cor 1:22; 8:16 (cp. Ezk 36:27). εἰς τὴν διάνοιαν Hb 8:10 (Jer 38: 33); ἐπὶ καρδίας Hb 10:16 (δ. ἐπί w. acc. as Jer 6:21, and s. Jer 38:33 ἐπὶ καρδίας αὐτῶν γράψω). W. ἵνα foll. grant that Mk 10:37.—The pass. occurs very oft. in this sense (Plut., Mor. 265d; 277e) Lk 8:10; Rv 6:4; 7:2; 13:7, 14f and oft. ἐκδίκησιν διδόναι τινί inflict punishment on someone 2 Th 1:8; βασανισμὸν καὶ πένθος δ. τινί send torment and grief upon someone Rv 18:7; ὄνομα δ. GJs 6:2, χάριν δ. (Jos., Bell. 7, 325) Js 4:6; 1 Pt 5:5 (both Pr 3:34); GJs 14:2; υἱοθεσίαν AcPl Ha 2, 28; 9,12; ἄφεσιν ἁμαρτιῶν 2, 30f; μεγαλεῖα 6,13. W. gen. foll. over someone Mt 10:1; Mk 6:7; J 17:2.—B. 749. Schmidt, Syn. 193–203. DELG. M-M. TW.

ἀποκυέω 1 aor. ἀπεκύησα (because the aor. is found in this form [not ἀπέκυσα] Js 1:18, W-H. Vog. M. in 1:15 accent ἀποκυεῖ; s. W-S. §15 p. 129); aor. pass. ἀπεκυήθη (Just., A I, 32, 14; 46, 5). (κυέω or κύω ‘to be pregnant’; Aristot., Fgm. 76 Rose; Dionys. Hal. 1, 70 [interpol.]; Plut., Sull. 475 [37, 7]; Lucian, D. Mar. 10, 1; Aelian, VH 5, 4 et al.; Herm. Wr. 1, 16; BGU 665 II, 19 [I A.D.]; APF 3, 1906, 370 II, 4; Sb 6611, 15; PFamTebt 20, 15; 20; 22; 4 Macc 15:17; Philo, Ebr. 30 al.) give birth to

ⓐ of delivery of that with which one has been pregnant, w. ἀπό retaining its force give birth to, ὸ̔ς ἐ[κ]υοφορήθη|[……]. ὑπʼ αὐτῆς ὡς ἀποκυῆσε (=ἕως ἀποκυῆσαι) αὐτήν, καὶ γεννῆσαι [Ἰησοῦν] τὸν Χριστόν who was carried (in the womb) by her (Mary) until she gave birth and bore [Jesus] the Messiah AcPl Ha 8, 27f.

ⓑ otherwise in our lit. only fig., ἡ ἁμαρτία ἀ. θάνατον sin gives birth to (i.e. brings forth) death Js 1:15. But the term is not confined to the human female faculty (cp. Herm. Wr. 1, 9); of God (s. γεννάω) ἀπεκύησεν ἡμᾶς λόγῳ ἀληθείας gave birth to us (brought us into being) through the word of truth Js 1:18.—C-MEdsman, Schöpferwille u. Geburt Jk 1:18: ZNW 38, ’39, 11–44.—DELG s.v. κυέω I. M-M. TW. Spicq.

ἐπιτίθημι 3 pl. ἐπιτιθέασιν Mt 23:4, impv. ἐπιτίθει 1 Ti 5:22; impf. 3 pl. ἐπετίθεσαν Ac 8:17 (ἐπετίθουν v.l.); fut. ἐπιθήσω; 1 aor. ἐπέθηκα; 2 aor. ἐπέθην, impv. ἐπίθες, ptc. ἐπιθείς. Mid. fut. ἐπιθήσομαι; 2 aor. ἐπεθέμην (s. τίθημι; Hom.+).

① to place someth. on or transfer to (a place or object)

ⓐ lay/put upon

α. lit.: act., of placing of a physical thing τὶ (which somet. is to be supplied fr. the context; cp. Esth 5:2) ἐπί τι or τινα (X., Cyr. 7, 3, 14; SIG 1173, 9; cp. 1169, 4; PSI 442, 13 [III B.C.]; Gen 22:9; 42:26 al.; JosAs 29:5 αὐτὸν ἐπὶ τὸν ἵππον; ParJer 2:1 χοῦν ἐπὶ τὴν κεφαλήν) someth. upon someth. or someone Mt 23:4; Lk 15:5; J 9:6 v.l. (most mss. read ἐπέχρισεν), 15; Ac 15:10; 28:3; B 7:8. χεῖρα (χεῖρας) ἐπί τινα or τι lay hand(s) on someone or someth. (SIG 1173, 4; Ex 29:10; Lev 1:4; 4:4 al.—KSudhoff, Handanlegg. des Heilgottes: Archiv f. Gesch. d. Med. 18, 1926, 235–50) Mt 9:18; Mk 8:25 (v.l. ἔθηκεν); 16:18; Ac 8:17; 9:17 (cp. 1QapGen and s. SKotlek, ANRW II Principat 37/3, 2859). Also τινὶ τὰς χεῖρας (Jos., Ant. 9, 268; 16, 365) Mt 19:13, 15; Mk 5:23; 6:5; 8:23; Lk 4:40; 13:13 (v.l. ἐπʼ αὐτῇ); Ac 6:6; 8:19; 9:12; 13:3; 19:6; 28:8 (s. χείρ end [Coppens]); of authorization as an elder 1 Ti 5:22 (Goodsp., Probs. 181f; cp. 1QapGen 20, 29); cp. τὴν χεῖρα Mk 7:32; AcPl Ha 3, 31; 4, 34. ἐπὶ τὴν κεφαλήν B 13:5 (Gen 48:18). S. on ἐπίθεσις.—In other combinations ἐ. τί τινι (X., Oec. 17, 9; Esth 2:17; 1 Esdr 4:30; TestJob 7:1; JosAs 10:5; Jos., Ant. 9, 149 ἐπέθεσαν αὐτῷ τ. στέφανον) αὐτῷ τὸν σταυρόν Lk 23:26; στέφανον … αὐτοῦ τῇ κεφαλῇ J 19:2. ἐπειθήσι (=ἐπιθήσει) σοι ἐλευθέριον στέφανον AcPl Ha 2, 31. τοὺς λίθους ἐπετίθουν ἀλλήλαις they placed the stones on one another’s shoulders Hs 9, 3, 5.—τὶ ἐπί τινος (Hdt. 1, 121, 4 al.; 1 Km 6:18; Sus 34; ParJer 5:7; Just., D. 132, 2) Mt 21:7; Lk 8:16 v.l. ἐπέθηκαν ἐπὶ τ. κεφαλῆς αὐτοῦ they placed (the crown of thorns) on his head Mt 27:29. ἐπάνω τ. κεφαλῆς put above (his) head vs. 37.—τῷ μνημείῳ λίθον a stone at the grave Lk 23:53 v.l. (λίθοι) ἐπιτιθέμενοι εἰς τ. οἰκοδομήν stones put into the building Hv 3, 5, 2.

β. fig.: act. (except Ac 15:28, below) ἐ. πληγάς τινι inflict blows upon someone (BGU 759, 13 [II A.D.] πληγὰς πλείστας ἐπέθηκάν μοι) Ac 16:23; cp. Lk 10:30. Differently ἐπιθήσει ὁ θεὸς ἐπʼ αὐτὸν τ. πληγάς God will bring upon him the plagues Rv 22:18b (cp. δίκην τινί Hdt., Pla. et al., also UPZ 1, 13 [IV B.C.] ὁ θεὸ αὐτῷ τὴν δίκην ἐ. Dt 26:6; τειμωρίαν τινί IAndrosIsis, Kyme 20; 35); s. BOlsson, D. Epilog der Offb. Joh.: ZNW 31, ’32, 84–86.—Pass. Ac 15:28.—ἐ. τινὶ ὄνομα give a surname to someone (cp. Hdt. 5, 68 al.; BGU 1139, 7 [I B.C.]; 2 Esdr 19:7) Mk 3:16f (on the giving of new names to disciples cp. Diog. L. 5, 38: Theophrastus’ name was Τύρταμος; his teacher, Aristotle, μετωνόμασεν and gave him the name Theophrastus because of his god-like eloquence). B 12:8f ἐ. τὸ ἔλεος ἐπί τινα bestow mercy upon someone 15:2.

ⓑ give τινί τι someth. to someone, mid. (BGU 1208 1, 4 [27 B.C.]; PRyl 81, 9 τὴν ὅλου τ. πράγματος ἐξουσίαν τοῖς κατασπορεῦσι ἐπεθέμην) ἀναγομένοις τὰ πρὸς τὰς χρείας when we sailed they gave us what we needed Ac 28:10; unless the verb is to rendered here put on board the needed supplies (so NRSV, REB).

ⓒ add ἐπί τι, act. ( Hom., et al.) ἐπʼ αὐτά Rv 22:18a.

② to set upon, attack, lay a hand on, mid. (Jos., Ant. 1, 328) τινί (Hdt., Aristoph. et al.; Appian, Liby. 102 §482; PTebt 15, 11 [114 B.C.]; PFlor 332, 7; LXX; Philo, Leg. ad Gai. 371; Jos., Ant. 4, 96) foll. by subst. inf. of purpose in gen. (Gen 43:18) οὐδεὶς ἐπιθήσεταί σοι τοῦ κακῶσαί σε in order to harm you Ac 18:10.—M-M. TW.

ἐπιτρέπω 1 aor. ἐπέτρεψα. Pass.: fut. inf. ἐπιτραπήσεσθαι (Just., A I, 47, 5); 2 aor. pass. ἐπετράπην; pf. ἐπιτέτραμμαι (τρέπω ‘turn/direct toward’; Hom.+).

① to allow someone to do someth., allow, permit (so Pind. et al.) τινί someone w. inf. foll. (X., An. 1, 2, 19, Hell. 6, 3, 9; Epict. 1, 10, 10; 2, 7, 12; PMagd 2, 7 [221 B.C.]; 12, 11; PRyl 120, 16; Job 32:14; 4 Macc 4:18; ParJer 1:4; Jos., Ant. 8, 202; Just., Ath.) Mt 8:21; 19:8; Mk 10:4; Lk 8:32a; 9:59, 61; Ac 21:39; 27:3; 1 Ti 2:12; Dg 10:2; IEph 10:1; IRo 6:3; Hm 4, 1, 4; D 10:7; Ox 840, 12. Without inf. (Pind., O. 3, 36; SIG 260, 16; 360, 15; 34; Just., D. 141, 2; Tat. 20, 1; Ath. 1, 2; 2, 4): ἐπέτρεψεν αὐτοῖς he gave them permission Mk 5:13; Lk 8:32b. ᾧ ἂν αὐτὸς ἐπιτρέψῃ whomever he permits = appoints ISm 8:1. οὐκ ἐμαυτῷ ἐπιτρέψας not on my own initiative Pol 3:1. Abs. (Pind., O. 6, 21; X., Cyr. 5, 5, 9; SIG 490, 10; 591, 36) ἐπέτρεψεν ὁ Πιλᾶτος P. gave his permission J 19:38; cp. Ac 21:40; MPol 7:2. Of God (BGU 451, 10 [I/II A.D.] θεῶν ἐπιτρεπόντων; 248, 15 [cp. Dssm., NB 80=BS 252]; Jos., Ant. 20, 267 κἂν τὸ θεῖον ἐπιτρέπῃ) 1 Cor 16:7; Hb 6:3.—Pass. (SIG 1073, 44; 52; POxy 474, 40) ἐπιτρέπεταί τινι someone is permitted w. inf. foll. (Jos., Ant. 5, 3) Ac 26:1; 28:16; 1 Cor 14:34. Abs. ἐκείνῳ ἐπιτέτραπται it is entrusted to him = it is his duty Hv 2, 4, 3.

② order, instruct (X., An. 6, 5, 11; Arrian, Ind. 23, 5 ἐ. τινί; Cass. Dio, Fgm. 40, 5 Boiss. Cod.; PLond 1173, 3; Jos., Vi. 138) w. dat. of pers. and inf. 1 Cl 1:3.—B. 1340. Freq. as v.l. for ἐπιστρέφω.—M-M.

ὀνομάζω (ὄνομα) fut. 3 sg. ὀνομάσει Is 62:2; 1 aor. ὠνόμασα. Pass.: 1 fut. 3 sg. ὀνομασθήσεται Jer 3:16; 1 aor. ὠνομάσθην; pf. ptc. ὠνομασμένος (Just.) (Hom.+)

① to give a name to, call, name w. double acc. (Aelian, NA 12, 2; Wsd 2:13; Philo, Gig. 6 al.; Iren. 1, 1, 3 [Harv. I, 12, 1]; τὸν βλάπτοντα μοιχὸν ὀνομάζει ‘the one who harms her [the soul, described as bride] [God] calls an adulterer’ Did., Gen. 86, 22) οὓς ἀποστόλους ὠνόμασεν to whom he gave the name ‘apostles’ Mk 3:14 (on the rdg. s. JMeier, JBL 116, ’97, 639 n. 11); Lk 6:13. ὸ̔ν ὠνόμασεν Πέτρον whom he named Peter vs. 14 (cp. Jos., Ant. 1, 213 ὸ̔ν Ἴσακον ὠνόμασε.—Olympiodorus, Life of Plato p. 1 Westerm.: the man whose name was formerly Aristocles μετωνομάσθη Πλάτων by his teacher; the reason for this is then given). ὠνόμασεν τὸ ὄνομα αὐτῆς Μαρία she gave her the name Mary GJs 5:2. Passive w. nom. (Diod S 17, 87, 2 ὠνομάζετο, Ἐμβύσαρος; Jos., Vi. 3) ὠνομάσθη τὸ ὄνομα Ἰ. Lk 2:21 D. τὶς ἀδελφὸς ὀνομαζόμενος one who is called a member, a so-called member 1 Cor 5:11 (cp. 3 Macc 7:17). ἐξ οὗ (i.e. τοῦ πατρός) πᾶσα πατριὰ … ὀνομάζεται from whom every family … receives its name Eph 3:15 (for ὀνομάζειν ἐκ cp. Il. 10, 68; for ὀνομάζεσθαι ἐκ X., Mem. 4, 5, 12).

② to pronounce a name or word, name a name, use a name/word πορνεία … μηδὲ ὀνομαζέσθω ἐν ὑμῖν sexual vice … is not even to be mentioned among you (much less is it actually to be practiced) Eph 5:3. ὀν. τὸ ὄνομα κυρίου name the name of the Lord (almost=‘call on’) 2 Ti 2:19 (cp. Is 26:13; Jer 20:9; pass.: Orig., C. Cels. 1, 6, 12; 7, 35, 24). πᾶν ὄνομα ὀνομαζόμενον every name (of a transcendent being) that is named (i.e. called upon) Eph 1:21 (difft. TAllen, NTS 32, ’86, 470–75 God is the namer). ὀν. τὸ ὄνομα τοῦ κυρίου Ἰησοῦ ἐπί τινα pronounce the name of the Lord Jesus over someone (to heal him) Ac 19:13 (cp. Jer 32:29).— Mention by name PtK 4 p. 15, 32.

③ the pass. ‘be named’ in the sense be known (cp. Esth 9:4; 1 Macc 3:9; 14:10; EpArist 124) οὐχ ὅπου ὠνομάσθη Χριστός not where Christ is already known Ro 15:20.—1 Cor 5:1 v.l.—DELG s.v. ὄνομα. M-M. TW.

τριηραύλης

flute-player who gave the time to the rowers in the trireme: masc dat pl

τριηραύλης

flute-player who gave the time to the rowers in the trireme: masc acc sg (attic epic ionic)

τριηραύλης

flute-player who gave the time to the rowers in the trireme: masc nom sg