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41 δράκων
δράκων, - οντοςGrammatical information: m.Meaning: `dragon, serpent' (Il.), aslo a fish, `Trachinus' (Epich., cf. Strömberg Fischnamen 121f.).Other forms: Fem. δράκαινα `female dragon' (h. Ap., A.) with δρακαινίς a fish name (Com.); s. below.Derivatives: Dimin. δρακόντιον (Delos IIIa), also a plant `Arum dracunculum' (Hp.; after the colour, Strömberg Pflanzennamen 38); δρακοντίς name of a bird (Ant. Lib.; s. Thompson Birds 91); δρακοντία a plant (Ps.-Dsc.); δρακοντίας ( πυρός, σίκυς, πελειάς, Thphr.); δρακοντίτης ( λίθος; Ptol. Chenn., s. Redard Les noms grecs en - της 54). - δρακόντειος and δρακοντώδης `like a dragon' (E.). - δρακοντίασις name of a disease (Gal.) as if from *δρακοντιάω, after the words in - ίασις, cf. Holt Les noms d'action en - σις 137 A. 3.Origin: IE [Indo-European] [213] *drḱ- `look at'Etymology: The old view that the dragon was called after his paralyzing view, was doubted by Fick BB 28, 99. - If to δέρκομαι, δράκων can be an original n-stem (cf. δράκαινα) of a root noun *δρά(κ) = Skt. dŕ̥ś- `view' (cf. ὑπό-δρα s.v.). The ντ-stem after the participles, Schwyzer 526, Chantraine Formation 268.Page in Frisk: 1,414Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > δράκων
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42 δρόμος
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `run, race, course' (Il.; Porzig Satzinhalte 273) = γυμνάσιον (Crete; cf. on δρομεύς below).Derivatives: δρομεύς `runner' (Att.), `ἔφηβος' (Cret.); δρομάς f. (m., n.) `running' (S, vgl. Schwyzer 507, Chantr. Form. 354), also for the camel (D. S.), as Lat. LW [loanword] dromas with dromedārius, from where δρομεδάριος, δρομαδάριος `dromedar' (pap.); - δρομαῖος `running' (S.), δρομικός `for running, quick' (Pl.) with δρομικότης (Simp.); - Δρόμιος surname of Hermes (Crete), Δρομήϊος month name (Crete); - late and rare δρομίας name of a fish and a crab (Eratosth.; s. Strömberg Fischnamen 51f., Thompson Fishes s. δρόμων); δρομαλός adj. of the λαγωός (H.), δρόμων `light ship' (Prokop.), = ὁ μικρὸς καρκίνος H. (cf. on δρομίας), δρόμαξ ( κάμηλος, Gp.); - δρόμιον `running match' ( Tab. Defix. Aud., Rom IV-Vp). - δρομή = δρόμος (Hdn. Gr.).Etymology: To δραμεῖν, s. v.Page in Frisk: 1,419Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > δρόμος
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43 ἔγγραυλις
ἔγγραυλις, - εωςGrammatical information: f.Meaning: kind of anchovy (Ael., Opp.), also called ἐγκρασίχολος.Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: Unexplained. Strömberg Fischnamen 68 starts from a verb *ἐγ-γραυλίζειν, beside γρυλίζειν `grumble'; so ἔγγραυλις "the grumbling" (several examples of such fish names in Strömberg 63ff.). But a variation αυ ἔγγραυλις υ is not convincing. - The Ngr. name is γαῦρος, Hatzidakis Glotta 2, 298.Page in Frisk: 1,436Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἔγγραυλις
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44 ἔγχελυς
ἔγχελυς, - υος etc.Grammatical information: f.Meaning: `eel' (Il.).Derivatives: Dimin. ἐγχελύδιον (middle comedy), ἐγχελεών, - υών `eel-trap' (Arist.), ἐγχέλειος `of an eel', mostly subst. ntr. (pl.), scil. κρέα, τεμάχη etc. (com.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: ἔγχελυς recalls other words for eel, Lat. anguilla, Lith. ungurỹs etc., but no IE form can be reconstructed. Acc. to an old interpretation ἔγχελυς is a cross of ἔχις and a word like Lat. anguis (from which anguilla) `snake'. Note further Lesb. ἴμβηρις ἔγχελυς. Μηθυμναῖοι H, beside which you have λέβηρις `skin of a snake. The words are no doubt non-IE. - Pok. 43ff. Thompson Fishes s. v.; also Strömberg Fischnamen 10ff.Page in Frisk: 1,439-440Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἔγχελυς
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45 ἔλεγος
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `mourning song (accompanied by flute)' (E., Ar.).Compounds: Comp. ἰαμβ-έλεγος and ἐλεγ-ίαμβος name of two verses (gramm.), s. Risch IF 59, 284f.Derivatives: ἐλεγεῖον a verse, `distichon', and a poem in it, poet. `inscription' (Att. etc.) with ἐλεγειο-ποιός, - γράφος (Arist.); diminutive ἐλεγ(ε)ίδιον and ἐλεγ(ε)ιδάριον (late); adj. ἐλεγειακός (D. H., Ath.); also ἐλεγεία (Str., Plu.) and, as adjective, ἐλεγεῖον ( δίστιχον, Ael.); - also a fish, ἐλεγῖνος (Arist. HA 610b 6), because of its sound?, s. Strömberg Fischnamen 74.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Anatolian (Phrygian?) origin, s. Hommel RhM 88, 194. Wrong Theander Eranos 15, 98ff. (to ἐλελεῦ, ὀλολύζω); cf. Kretschmer Glotta 9, 228; 12, 220. - From ἐλεγεῖον as LW [loanword] Lat. ēlogium (influenced by λόγος), W.-Hofmann s. v. Prob. Pre-Greek.Page in Frisk: 1,486Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἔλεγος
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46 ἔλλοψ
ἔλλοψ, - οποςGrammatical information: m.Meaning: 1. poet. adj. of ἰχθῦς (Hes. Sc. 212), in this function also ἔλλοπος (Emp. 117) and ἐλλός (S. Aj. 1297, Ath. 277d); of κούρα (Theoc. Syrinx 18); 2. poet. for `fish' in general (Lyk.); 3. name of a great, rare and expensive fish, which is compared, and identified with, a sturgeon (Arist.); in this meaning usually written ἔλοψ (Epich., Archestr., Plu.), Lat. (h)elops; 4. name of a snake (Nic. Th. 490).Derivatives: Denom. verb ἐλλοπιεύω `fish' (Theoc. 1, 42); note ἐλλόπιδας acc. pl. (Crat. 408 acc. to H.; - οδες EM 331, 53), acc. to H. a. o. = τοὺς στρουθοὺς η νεοττοὺς ὄφεως; unclear ἀλλοπίης adj. of τράχουρος (Numen. ap. Ath. 7, 326a).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: The ancients explained the word either as `dumb' or as `scaly', the first with an impossible etymology. The meaning `scaly' is interpreted as ἔλλοπος \< *ἔν-λοπος, prepositional bahuvrihi of λοπός `scale'; the shortened form ἔλλοψ would be after animal's names in - οψ (metri causa?); a second analogical shortening (cf. αἶθοψ: αἰθός) gave ἐλλός. Remains the single λ in ἔλοψ, Lat. (h)elops; as this notation seems to indicate a special fish, ἔλοψ could be of foreign origin. This would mean a cross of a foreign fish name with an inherited adjective - Cf. Thompson s. v. and Strömberg Fischnamen 30f. - The interchange λ\/λλ is frequent in Pre-Greek (Fur. 387); further we find ο\/α and π\/β: ἀλ(λ)άβης (Str. 17,2,4, Ath. 7, 312b; PTeb.), ἔλαψ (Gp.); interchange - αβ-\/- οπ- is well known. Fur. 107; here also ἀλλοπίης. So we prob. have a pre-Greek word fo a great fish. I reconstruct *alya\/op\/b-, see Beekes, Pre-Greek.Page in Frisk: 1,500Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἔλλοψ
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47 ἐρυθρός
Grammatical information: adj.Meaning: `red' (Il.).Compounds: E.g. ἐρυθρό-πους `with red feet' bird-name (Ar.); ἐξ-έρυθρος `reddish' as sign of illness (Hp., Arist.; Strömberg Prefix Studies 67f.), λευκ-έρυθρος `white-red, flat-red' (Arist.; Risch IF 59, 60).Derivatives: ἐρυθρίας m. "the red", surname after the red colour (Arist.; cf. ὠχρίας etc. and Chantraine Formation 93, Schwyzer-Debrunner 18); ἐρυθρῖνος, also with dissimilation (or after ἐρυθαίνομαι, s. below) ἐρυθῖνος name of a fish (Arist.; Strömberg Fischnamen 21); Έρυθῖνοι pl. name of a town (Β 855; cf. Έρυθραί below); ἐρυθρόδανον, - ος plant (Dsc.), also ἐρευθέδανον, s. ἐρεύθω; ἐρυθραῖος = ἐρυθρός (D. P.); ἐρυθρότης `red colour' (Gal.). - Pl. f. Έρυθραί torn in Ionia (Hdt.; from the Trachyt-rocks) with Έρυθραϊκὸν σατύριον plant-name (Dsc., Plin.), also ἐρυθρόνιον (Ps.-Dsc.; after Ίόνιον and other nouns in - όνιον); Έρυθραϊκός also from ἡ Έρυθρά ( θάλασσα; adjunct of κυβερήτης, inscr. Ip). - Denomin. verbs ἐρυθριάω `become red' (Att.; after the verbs of disease in - ιάω; Schwyzer 732) with ἐρυθρίασις, - ησις (Hp., H.); ἐρυθραίνομαι, -ω `become, make red' (X.). - Also ἐρυθαίνομαι, -ω, aor. ἐρύθηνα `id.' (Il.) with ἐρύθημα `becoming red, redness' (Hp., Th.); s. below.Etymology: Old adjective: Lat. rŭber, R.-CSl. rьdьrъ (s. Vasmer Russ. et. Wb. s. rëdryĭ), Toch. A. rtär, B. rätre, Skt. rudhirá- (reshaped after rudhi- in rudhikrā́- name of a demon); OWNo. rođra f. `blood'. - Othe languages have a diff. stem. OWNo. rjōđr, OE rēod have against most Germanic forms (s. below) the same vowel as the verbs rjōđa, resp. rēodan (= ἐρεύθω, s. v.) and may therefore be secondary; a basic form IE *h₁reudhós agrees with λευκός (beside λεύσσω). An old eu can also be found in Lith. raũdas, Lat. (dial.) rūfus, rōbus, Celt., e. g. OIr. rūad, Skt. lohá- `reddish' m. n. `red metall, copper, iron'. The forms mentioned may also continue IE * h₁roudhos, which is seen in most Germanic forms, Goth. rauÞs, ONo. rauđr, OE rēad, OHG rōt. - (The old denomin. ἐρυθαίνομαι points together with ἐρυθρός to an orig. r-n-stem * rudh-r-, * rudh-n-). There existed perhaps a neutral s-stem *h₁réudhos (= ἔρευθος), and a verb *h₁réudhō (= ἐρεύθω).; the o-stem had o-vocalism in * h₁roudhos. See Pok. 872f., W.-Hofmann s. ruber, Ernout-Meillet s. rubeō; and Porzig Gliederung 194f., Schwentner KZ 73, 110ff. - S. also ἐρεύθω but ἐρυσίβη.Page in Frisk: 1,567-568Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἐρυθρός
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48 ἔσχαρος
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: name of a fish, = κόρις, perh. a kind of sole (solea; Com., Dorio ap. Ath. 7, 330a).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]Etymology: From ἐσχάρη? Strömberg Fischnamen 89; s. also Thompson Fishes s. v. The word may be Pre-Greek.Page in Frisk: 1,578Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἔσχαρος
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49 ἔτελις
ἔτελις ( ἐτελίς)Grammatical information: m. (f.)Meaning: name of a fish, `Goldbrasse'? (Arist. HA 567 a 20, H.).Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: A general resemblance shows Lat. attilus `a fish like a sturgeon in the Po' (Plin.; also * atillus), prob. Gaulish, perh. Ligurian word. Farther is the name of the turbot, Latv. ãte, OLith. atìs, Lith. ō̃tas; see W.-Hofmann s. attilus, Pok. 70. - Strömberg Fischnamen 39 rather sees a derivation from ἔτελον ( ἔταλον). DELG calls both suggestions improbable.Page in Frisk: 1,580Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἔτελις
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50 ἐτελίς
ἔτελις ( ἐτελίς)Grammatical information: m. (f.)Meaning: name of a fish, `Goldbrasse'? (Arist. HA 567 a 20, H.).Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: A general resemblance shows Lat. attilus `a fish like a sturgeon in the Po' (Plin.; also * atillus), prob. Gaulish, perh. Ligurian word. Farther is the name of the turbot, Latv. ãte, OLith. atìs, Lith. ō̃tas; see W.-Hofmann s. attilus, Pok. 70. - Strömberg Fischnamen 39 rather sees a derivation from ἔτελον ( ἔταλον). DELG calls both suggestions improbable.Page in Frisk: 1,580Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἐτελίς
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51 ἕψω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `kook, seethe' (Ion.-Att.).Derivatives: ἕψημα `what is cooked, meal, soupe' (Ion.-Att.) with ἑψηματώδης (Dsc.), hell. ἕψεμα (LXX; cf. Schwyzer 523), ἕψησις `cooking' (Ion.-Att.); ἑψητήρ, - τήριον, - τής, - τικός (hell.); ἑφθός `cooked' (Ion.-Att.; with ἄπ-εφθος a. o.), ἐψητός `id.', also name of a fish (Ar., X.; cf. Strömberg Fischnamen 89), ἑψανός `cooked, to be cooked' (Hp.), ἑψαλέος `id.' (Nic.; after ὀπταλέος [Hom.] a. o.); also ἑψέϊνα n. pl. meaning unclear ( PLond. 3, 1177, 217; IIp). - From ἄπεφθος NGr. ἀπόχτι (through ἀπόφθι(ον)) `dried food' (Crete), `salted meat' (Cyprus), s. Hatzidakis Glotta 3, 72f.; from ἑψανός NGr. ψανός `what is roasted', ψάνη `wheat', s. Georgakas ByzZ 41, 380f.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Cannot be separated from Arm. ep`em `cook'. As Arm. p` can hardly represent (with Pedersen KZ 39, 428) IE ps, we should posit IE * seph-, which would have had an s-enlargement in Greek (Schwyzer 706). The `new' (familiar?) Greco-Armenian word ousted old πέσσειν (s. v.). Cf. Porzig Gliederung 156. An other expression for `cook' is ζέω, s. v. The word is prob. Pre-Greek (Fur. 327, who compares δέφω \/ δέψω.Page in Frisk: 1,604-605Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἕψω
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52 ζυγόν
Grammatical information: n.Meaning: `yoke' (Il.), also metaph., e. g. of a cross-wood, of the rowing benches connecting the two ship sides, of the tongue of a balance, of a pair, of a row or a rank of soldiers (oppos. στοῖχος), as land measure.Other forms: Hell. mostly - ός m., rarely earlier, s. Schwyzer-Debrunner 37.)Compounds: Often in compp., e. g. πολύ-ζυγος `with many rowing benches', ζυγό-δεσμον `yoke-straps' (Il.), also ζυγη-φόρος `carrying a yoke' (A., analog.-metr. beside ζυγο-φόρος; Schwyzer 439 n. 1).Derivatives: Seberal deriv.: 1. ζύγιον `rowing bench' (hell.). 2. ζυγίσκον meaning unclear (IG 22, 1549, 9, Eleusis, + 300a). 3. ζύγαινα the hammer-headed shark (Epich., Arist.; after the shape of the skull, Strömberg Fischnamen 35). 4. ζυγίς `thyme' (Dsc.; motivation of the name unknown, Strömberg Pflanzennamen 56). 5. ζούγωνερ (= *ζύγωνες) βόες ἐργάται. Λάκωνες H. 6. ζυγίτης name of a rower (sch.; Redard Les noms grecs en - της 44), f. ζυγῖτις Hera as goddess of marriage (Nicom. ap. Phot.; Redard 209). 7. ζυγία `maple' (Thphr.) prop. "yoke-wood" (s. Strömberg Theophrastea 114), because the hard maple was mainly used to make yokes (so even now in southern Italy), Rohlfs WB VI and 86; also Rohlfs ByzZ 37, 57, Dawkins JournofHellStud. 56, 1f.; diff. Strömberg Pflanzennamen 56 (after the pairwise attached fruits). 8. ζύγαστρον `wooden cist, chest' s.v. σίγιστρον - Adject. 9. ζύγιος `belonging to the yoke etc.' (Att. etc.; also as nautical expression, s. Morrison Class. Quart. 41, 128ff.). 10. ζύγιμος `id.' (Plb.; s. Arbenz Die Adj. auf - ιμος 94). 11. ζυγικός `belonging to the tongue of a balance' (Nicom. Harm.). Adv. ζυγ-άδην (Ph.), ζυγ-ηδόν (Hld.) `pairwise'. - Denomin. verbs: 1. ζυγόω `yoke, connect (through a cross-wood), shut, hold the balance' (A., hell.) with ζύγωμα `bar, cross-rod' (Plb.), ζύγωσις `balancing' (hell.), *ζύγωθρον in the denomin. aor. ipv. ζυγώθρισον (Ar. Nu. 745; meaning uncertain, `weigh' or `shut'?). 2. ζυγέω `form a row or rank' (Plb.). - Beside ζυγόν as 2. member the verbal root - ζυξ, e. g. ἄ-ζυξ `unconnected, unmarried', ὁμό-, σύ-ζυξ `yoked together, connected' (also ἄ-, ὁμό-, σύ-ζυγος), s. Chantraine REGr. 59-60, 231f.Etymology: Old name of a device, retained in most IE languages, e. g. Hitt. iugan, Skt. yugám, Lat. iugum, Germ., e. g. Goth. juk, IE *i̯ugóm; more forms Pok. 509f., W.-Hofmann and Ernout-Meillet s. iugum. - The root noun - ζυξ also in Lat. con-iux `spouse', Skt. a-yúj- `not forming a pair, uneven' (formally = ἄ-ζυξ except the accent), sa-yúj- `connected, companion' a. o. - Cf. ζεύγνυμι and ζεῦγος. Rix, Hist. Gramm. 60, 70 suggests Hi̯-, which is still uncertain.Page in Frisk: 1,615-616Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ζυγόν
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53 ἦπαρ
ἦπαρ, - ατοςGrammatical information: n.Meaning: `liver' (Il.).Compounds: As 1. member e. g. in ἡπατοσκοπέω `inspect the liver (to predict the future)' (LXX).Derivatives: ἡπάτιον name of a dish (Ar.); ἡπατῖτις f. `belonging to the liver' (Hp.), also name of a stone and a plant (Plin., Ps.-Dsc.; Redard Les noms grecs en - της [s. index], Strömberg Pflanzennamen 41); ἡπατ-ικός, - ιαῖος, - ίας, - ηρός `referring to the liver' (Hp.); ἥπατος m. name of a fish (com., Arist.; Strömberg Fischnamen 45f.; after Thompson Fishes s. v. Egyptian [?]).Etymology: The IE word for `liver', *i̯ekʷr̥(-t), gen. *i̯ekʷn-és (-ós) is also retained in Skt. yákr̥t, yakn-ás and indirectly in Lat. iecur, iecin-or-is. In other languages the r\/n-stem was given up: OAv. yākarǝ, MPers. ǰakar, NPers. ǰigar (but Pashto yī̆na; note OIran. huyāɣna-, acc. to Krause KZ 56, 304ff. for * ha-yākana- prop. "of common liver"), OLith. (j)ẽknos f. pl. Often new names were created, e. g. NGr. συκώτι (: σῦκον), Lat. fīcātum (\> French foie), Russ. péčenь (from pekú `bake'; thus Lith. kẽpenos from kepù `id.'). Other new words: Germ., e. g. OHG lebara (cf. on λίπος), Arm. leard (with the ending of *i̯ekʷr̥t), Hitt. li-e-ši; further s. Buck Synonyms 251f. -Attempts to connect the l-forms with *i̯ekʷr̥t assuming an anlaut li̯- have failed (J. Schmidt Pluralbild. 198f.; Benveniste Origines 132). See W.-Hofmann s. iecur, Fraenkel Lit. et. Wb. s. (j)ẽknos; cf. Winter Lang. 31, 4ff. - Szemerényi, KZ 73 (1956) 191 suggested that the Greek vowellength must be explained from Greek, and suggested ἦτορ; thus Kortlandt.Page in Frisk: 1,639Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἦπαρ
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54 θρᾳ̃ττα
θρᾳ̃τταGrammatical information: f.Meaning: name of a small sea-fish (midd. Com., Arist.);Derivatives: dimin. θρᾱͅττίδιον (Anaxandr.).Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: Acc. to Strömberg Fischnamen 86 prop. "the Thracian", s. Θρᾳ̃ξ. Or deformation of θρίσσα, s.v.Page in Frisk: 1,680Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > θρᾳ̃ττα
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55 θρίξ
θρίξ, τριχόςGrammatical information: f.Compounds: Compp., e. g. τριχό-φυλλος `with leaves like hair' (Thphr., of a pine-forest), οὑλό-θριξ `with krausem Haar' (Hdt. usw.).Derivatives: 1. θρίσσα, Att. θρίττα f. (\< *θρίχ-ι̯α) kind of anchovy, `Clupea alosa' (middl. Com., Arist., after the hairlike bones, Strömberg Fischnamen 47f.; also Thompson Fishes s. v.; from there Ital.-Lomb. trissa a. o.?; s. Pok. 276); dimin. θρισσίον (pap.); in the same meaning also τριχίς, - ίδος f. (Ar.), τριχίδιον (Alex.), τριχίας m. (Arist.). 2. Dimin. τρίχιον (Arist.). 3. τριχώδης `full of hair, hairlike' (Hp., Arist.). 4. τριχωτός `hairy' (Arist.; cf. τριχόομαι below). 5. τρίχῐνος `of hair' (Pl., X.). 6. τριχῖτις, - ιδος f. sort of alum (after the fibrous nature; Dsc., Plin.; Redard Les noms grecs en - της 62). 7. τριχία `knot' (pap.). 8. τριχισμός `hairfine split of a bone' (Paul. Aeg.), as if from *τριχίζω; cf. Chantraine Formation 143ff. Denomin. verbs. 1. τριχόομαι, - όω `be provided with hairs' (Arist.); from there τρίχωμα `hair(growth)' (Hdt., E., X.) with τριχωμάτιον (Arist.); τρίχωσις `hairgrowth' (Arist.); cf. also τριχωτός above. 2. τριχιάω `suffer from a hairdisease' (Hp., Arist.) with τριχίασις name of some hairdiseases (medic.). 3. *τριχίζω cf. τριχισμός above.Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: As the designations of hair differ from language to language (s. Buck Synonyms 203f., Ernout-Meillet s. capillus), we do not expect a cognate in other languages. So the comparison with MIr. gairb-driuch `bristle' (from garb `raw' and * drigu- or * driku-, Fick 2, 156) can better be disregarded. On Lith. drikà `threads hanging from the weaving-loom' s. Fraenkel Lit. et. Wb. s. draĩkas `long-drawn'.Page in Frisk: 1,684Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > θρίξ
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56 τριχός
θρίξ, τριχόςGrammatical information: f.Compounds: Compp., e. g. τριχό-φυλλος `with leaves like hair' (Thphr., of a pine-forest), οὑλό-θριξ `with krausem Haar' (Hdt. usw.).Derivatives: 1. θρίσσα, Att. θρίττα f. (\< *θρίχ-ι̯α) kind of anchovy, `Clupea alosa' (middl. Com., Arist., after the hairlike bones, Strömberg Fischnamen 47f.; also Thompson Fishes s. v.; from there Ital.-Lomb. trissa a. o.?; s. Pok. 276); dimin. θρισσίον (pap.); in the same meaning also τριχίς, - ίδος f. (Ar.), τριχίδιον (Alex.), τριχίας m. (Arist.). 2. Dimin. τρίχιον (Arist.). 3. τριχώδης `full of hair, hairlike' (Hp., Arist.). 4. τριχωτός `hairy' (Arist.; cf. τριχόομαι below). 5. τρίχῐνος `of hair' (Pl., X.). 6. τριχῖτις, - ιδος f. sort of alum (after the fibrous nature; Dsc., Plin.; Redard Les noms grecs en - της 62). 7. τριχία `knot' (pap.). 8. τριχισμός `hairfine split of a bone' (Paul. Aeg.), as if from *τριχίζω; cf. Chantraine Formation 143ff. Denomin. verbs. 1. τριχόομαι, - όω `be provided with hairs' (Arist.); from there τρίχωμα `hair(growth)' (Hdt., E., X.) with τριχωμάτιον (Arist.); τρίχωσις `hairgrowth' (Arist.); cf. also τριχωτός above. 2. τριχιάω `suffer from a hairdisease' (Hp., Arist.) with τριχίασις name of some hairdiseases (medic.). 3. *τριχίζω cf. τριχισμός above.Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: As the designations of hair differ from language to language (s. Buck Synonyms 203f., Ernout-Meillet s. capillus), we do not expect a cognate in other languages. So the comparison with MIr. gairb-driuch `bristle' (from garb `raw' and * drigu- or * driku-, Fick 2, 156) can better be disregarded. On Lith. drikà `threads hanging from the weaving-loom' s. Fraenkel Lit. et. Wb. s. draĩkas `long-drawn'.Page in Frisk: 1,684Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > τριχός
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57 θύμαλλος
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: name of a fish `Thymallus vulgaris, Salmo thymallus' (Ael.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Formation in - αλλος (vgl. κορύδ-αλ(λ)ος a. o. Chantraine Formation 317), connected with θύμον `thyme' because of the scent (Strömberg Fischnamen 60f.; doubts in Thompson Fishes s. v.). - From there (through Lat. LW [loanword] thymallus) Ital. temolo etc.; s. Meyer-Lübke Rom. et. Wb. No 8721. - As the suffix is Pre-Greek, it is improbable that the basic word was (IE) Greek.Page in Frisk: 1,692Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > θύμαλλος
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58 θύννος
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `tunny-fish' (Orac. ap. Hdt. 1, 62, A. Pers. 424, Arist.). Fem. *θύννᾰ or *-η, gen. - ης with - ίς, - άς (Com.).Compounds: As 1. member e. g. in θυννο-σκόπος `watch for tunnies' (Arist.), - έω (Ar.) with - ία, - εῖον (Str.). -Derivatives: θύννᾱξ, -ᾱκος m. (Com.; affective formation, Björck Alpha impurum 62); θυννίτης `tunny-fisher' (inscr. Varna; Redard Les noms grecs en - της 39), θύννειος, θυνναῖος `of tunny' (Ar.), θυννώδης `tunny-like' (Luc.), θυννεῖα pl. n. `tunny-fishing' (Troizen), θυννευτικός `belonging to tunny-fishing' (Luc.; as from *θυννεύω, cf. also ἁλιευτικός a. o.); denomin. verbs θυννάζω `catch tunny' (Ar.), also - ίζω (Suid.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Mediterranean word, often compared with Hebr. tannīn `big water-animal, whale, shark'; Lewy Fremdw.; "qui est loin à tous égards" comments DELG 14f. See Strömberg Fischnamen 126f., Thompson Fishes s. v., also on folketymologies ( θύω, θύνω). Lat. LW [loanword] thynnus, thunnus, from where the roman. forms. - The fem. in short -α rather points to Pre-Greek (s. Bq.)Page in Frisk: 1,694Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > θύννος
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59 ἱέρᾱξ
ἱέρᾱξGrammatical information: m.Compounds: Rarely in compp., e. g. ἱερακο-βοσκός `falconer' (pap.).Derivatives: Dimin. ἱερακίσκος (Ar.); ἱερακίδιον, - άδιον `statuette of a hawk' (Delos IIa; on the meaning Chantraine Formation 70), ἱερακεῖον `hawk-temple' (pap. IIa), ἱερακιδεύς `young hawk' (Eust.; like ἀετ-ιδεύς a. o.; Boßhardt Die Nomina auf - ευς 78f.); ἱερακάριος `falconer' ( Cod. Cat. Astr.); ἱερακίτης name of a stone, from the colour (Plin., Gal.; Redard Les noms grecs en - της 55), ἱεράκιον, also - ία, - ιάς, - ῖτις plant-name, `hawk-weed, Hieracium' (Ps.-Dsc.; on the unclear motivation Strömberg Pflanzennamen 118). - ἱεράκ-ειος, - ώδης `hawk-like' (late).Etymology: Though ἴρηξ in Hom. shows no digamma (Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 156), the H.-glosse βείρακες ἱέρακες (with βειράκη ἡ ἁρπακτική) shows an orig. *Ϝῑρᾱξ with -ᾱκ- as in several animals names. One starts from an adj. (noun) *Ϝῑρος, perh. related to (Ϝ)ίεμαι (Ebel KZ 4, 164f.). The sec. Form ἱέραξ from folketymology after ἱερός. - Solmsen Unt. 148f., Bechtel Lex. s. ἴρηξ; more in Bq. - Possible but uncertain; the suffix -ᾱκ- could point to Pre-Greek origin.Page in Frisk: 1,712Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἱέρᾱξ
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60 ἴουλος
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `down, first growth of the beard etc.; corn-sheaf; catkin'; also name of a worm like the centipede (λ 319, A. Th. 534, Arist., Thphr.).Compounds: As 1. member e. g. in ἰουλό-πεζος "with feet like an ἴουλος", of a ship, i. e. `with many rowers' (Lyk. 23).Derivatives: ἰουλίς f. fish-name `Coris iulis' (Arist.), after the resemblance with a centipede (Strömberg Fischnamen 125; also Thompson Fishes s. v.), also called ἴουλος (Eratosth.); Ίουλώ f. "goddess of cornscheaf" = Demeter (Semus 19), from there back-formed ἴουλος `song for Demeter' (ibid., Eratosth.; wrong Mann Lang. 28, 38), also καλλίουλος (for καλλι-ίουλος, Semus); ἰουλώδης `like a centipede' (Arist.); denomin. verb ἰουλίζω `get down' (Tryph.).Etymology: From *Ϝί-Ϝολνος through reduplication (cf. ἴονθος), to οὖλος `woolly, fuzzy' (s. v.) and 2. εἰλέω (\< *Ϝελνέω) `turn, wind'.Page in Frisk: 1,731Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἴουλος
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