dī-verto

versūra ( vors-), ae, f. [verto], a turning round, twirling about, rotating.

Lit.:

foliorum,

Varr. R. R. 1, 46:

ejus loci (coxendicum),

id. L. L. 7, § 67 Müll.—

Transf.

The turning-place, turn at the end of a furrow, Col. 2, 2, 28; Pall. 2, 3, 1.—

In archit., a turn, corner, angle of a wall, Vitr 3, 1; 5, 6 fin.; 5, 12;

or in a water conduit,

id. 8, 7.—

(Qs. a changing of one's creditor.) The borrowing of money to pay a debt (the class. signif. of the word); and hence, in gen., a borrowing, loan:

versuram facere mutuam pecuniam sumere ex eo dictum est, quod initio qui mutuabantur ab aliis, non ut domum ferrent, sed ut aliis solverent, velut verterent creditorem,

Fest. p. 379 Müll.:

eos homines versuram a Carpinatio fecisse, qui pecunias Verri dedissent,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 76, § 186:

sine mutuatione et sine versurā dissolvere,

id. Tusc. 1, 42, 100:

Salaminii cum Romae versuram facere vellent, non poterant,

id. Att. 5, 21, 12; 15, 20, 4; id. Font. 5, 11; id. Fl. 20, 48:

cum versuram facere publice necesse esset,

Nep. Att. 2, 4; 9, 5.— Trop., Sen. Ep. 19, 9; id. Ben. 5, 8, 3:

vereor, ne illud, quod tecum permutavi, versurā mihi solvendum sit,

is to be paid by a new loan, Cic. Att. 5, 15, 2:

versurā factā solvere,

id. ib. 5, 1, 2: non modo versurā, verum etiam [p. 1977] venditione, si ita res coget, nos vindicabis, id. ib. 16, 2, 2:

versura vetita,

Tac. A. 6, 16.—Prov.: in eodem luto haesitas, vorsurā solves, you pay by borrowing, i. e. you get out of one difficulty by getting into another, Ter. Phorm. 5, 2, 15; Lact. 2, 8, 24.

versūtus ( vors-), a, um, adj. [a lengthened form of versus, from verto; cf. astutus init. ].

In a good sense, adroit, dexterous, versatile; shrewd, clever, ingenious (class.;

syn. callidus): homo versutus et callidus (versutos eos appello, quorum celeriter mens versatur),

Cic. N. D. 3, 10, 25:

quod (genus acuminis) erat in reprehendendis verbis versutum et sollers,

id. Brut. 67, 236:

animus acutus atque versutus,

id. de Or. 2, 20, 84:

versutissimum et patientissimum Lacedaemonium Lysandrum accepimus,

id. Off. 1, 30, 109:

adulescens docte vorsutus fuit,

Plaut. Stich. 4, 1, 55.—

In a bad sense, cunning, crafty, wily, sly, deceitful (freq. and class.;

syn. vafer): vorsutior es quam rota figularis,

Plaut. Ep. 3, 2, 35:

non esse servus pejor hoc quisquam potest, Nec magis versutus,

id. As. 1, 1, 106; cf. id. Ps. 4, 8, 6:

hoc est hominis versuti, obscuri, astuti, fallacis, malitiosi, callidi, veteratoris, vafri,

Cic. de Or. 3, 13, 57; cf. id. ib. 2, 3, 10:

acutus, versutus, veterator,

id. Fin. 2, 16, 53; 2, 17, 54:

Corinna,

Ov. Am. 2, 19, 9:

propago,

id. M. 11, 312 al. — Sup., Vell. 2, 118, 1.—With gen.:

versutus ingenii,

Plin. 7, 12, 10, § 56.— Adv.: ver-sūtē, cunningly, craftily, slyly, Cic. Or. 7, 22; id. Brut. 9, 35.— Sup., Aug Trin. 15, 20.

vertē̆bra, ae, f. [verto], a joint.

In gen., Cels. 8, 1, Plin. 11, 46, 106, § 255; Sen. Ep. 78, 8.—Of insects, Plin. 11, 1, 1, § 1.—

In partic., a joint, vertebra of the spine, Cels. 8, 1.—

In late Lat. collat. form vertē̆brum, i, n., = ischion, the hip-bone, Cael. Aur Acut. 1, 10, 71 al.

vertē̆bra, ae, f. [verto], a joint.

In gen., Cels. 8, 1, Plin. 11, 46, 106, § 255; Sen. Ep. 78, 8.—Of insects, Plin. 11, 1, 1, § 1.—

In partic., a joint, vertebra of the spine, Cels. 8, 1.—

In late Lat. collat. form vertē̆brum, i, n., = ischion, the hip-bone, Cael. Aur Acut. 1, 10, 71 al.

vertex ( vortex; cf. Quint. 1, 7, 25 The archaic form vortex was already disused in Cicero's time; cf. Ribbeck, Prol. Verg. 436 sq.; id. G. 1, 481 n. Wagn. The grammarian Caper distinguishes thus: vortex fluminis est, vertex capitis; but this distinction was unknown in the class. per.; v. Charis. p. 68), ĭcis, m. [verto].

A whirl, eddy, whirlpool, vortex: secundo modo dicitur proprium inter plura, quae sunt ejusdem nominis, id, unde cetera ducta sunt: ut vertex est contorta in se aqua vel quicquid aliud similiter vertitur: inde propter flexum capillorum pars summa capitis;

ex hoc id, quod in montibus eminentissimum. Recte dixeris haec omnia vertices, proprie tamen, unde initium est,

Quint. 8, 2, 7:

ut aquae circumlatae in se sorbeantur et vorticem efficiant,

Sen. Q. N. 5, 13, 2:

torto vertice torrens,

Verg. A. 7, 567:

illam... rapidus vorat aequore vertex,

id. ib. 1, 117:

(flumen) minores volvere vertices,

Hor. C. 2, 9, 22; Ov. M. 5, 587; 8, 556; 9, 106; id. F. 6, 502; Sil. 4, 230:

citatior solito amnis transverso vertice dolia inpulit ad ripam,

Liv. 23, 19, 11; 28, 30, 11; Curt. 6, 13, 16.—

Trop.:

amoris,

Cat. 68, 107:

officiorum,

Sen. Ep. 82, 2:

quā medius pugnae vocat agmina vertex,

Sil. 4, 230.—

An eddy of wind or flame, a whirlwind, coil of flame:

(venti) interdum vertice torto Corripiunt rapideque rotanti turbine portant,

Lucr. 1, 293; 6, 444; Liv. 21, 58, 3:

extemplo cadit igneus ille Vertex,

Lucr. 6, 298; Verg. A. 12, 673; cf.:

ventus saepius in se volutatur, similemque illis, quas diximus converti aquas, facit vorticem,

Sen. Q. N. 5, 13, 2. —

The top or crown of the head.

Lit.:

ab imis unguibus usque ad verticem summum,

Cic. Rosc. Com. 7, 20; cf. Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 4; Plin. 11, 37, 48, § 132; Hor. C. 1, 1, 36; Ov. M. 12, 288; 2, 712; id. P. 3, 8, 12; Quint. 8, 2, 7; 1, 11, 10.—

Transf.

The head ( poet.) Cat. 64, 63; 64, 310:

toto vertice supra est,

Verg. A. 7, 784:

nudus,

id. ib. 11, 642:

moribundus,

Ov. M. 5, 84:

intonsus,

Stat. Th. 6, 607; Val. Fl. 4, 307.—

The pole of the heavens, Cic. poët. N. D. 2, 41, 105; id. Rep. 6, 20, 21; Verg. G. 1, 242. —

The highest point, top, peak, summit of a mountain, house, tree, etc.:

ignes, qui ex Aetnae vertice erumpunt,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 48, § 106; Quint. 8, 3, 48; Lucr. 6, 467; Tib. 1, 7, 15; Ov. M. 1. 316; 13, 911; Petr. poët. 122; 134 fin.; Curt. 8, 3, 26:

in Erycino vertice,

Verg. A. 5, 759; Val. Fl. 1, 700:

arcis,

Lucr. 6, 750:

domus,

Mart. 8, 36, 11; cf. Hor. C. 4, 11, 12:

theatri,

Mart. 10, 19, 7:

quercūs,

Verg. A. 3, 679:

pinūs,

Ov. M. 10, 103.—Hence, a vertice, from above, down from above, Verg. G. 2, 310; id. A. 1, 114; 5, 444.—

Trop., the highest, uttermost, greatest ( poet.):

dolorum anxiferi vertices, Cic. poët. Tusc. 2, 9, 21: principiorum,

the highest officers, Amm. 15, 5, 16:

Alexandria enim vertex omnium est civitatum,

id. 22, 16, 7.

vertīgo, ĭnis, f. [verto], a turning or whirling round (perh. not ante-Aug.).

Lit.:

assidua caeli,

Ov. M. 2, 70:

ponti,

id. ib. 11, 548:

venti,

Sen. Q. N. 5, 13, 3:

torti fili,

Luc. 6, 460:

rotarum,

Prud. Psych. 414:

assiduā vertigine rotare aliquem,

Plin. 8, 40, 61, § 150: quibus una Quiritem Vertigo facit, a turn, twirl of a slave in manumission, Pers. 5, 76.—

Transf., a whirling of the head, giddiness, dizziness, vertigo, Liv. 44, 6, 8; Plin. 20, 15, 57, § 161; 20, 17, 73, § 194; 25, 9, 70, § 117; 25, 11, 89, § 139 al.; Macr. S. 7, 9.—Of persons intoxicated, Juv. 6, 304.—

Trop., a revolution, change, alteration:

vertigine rerum Attoniti,

Luc. 8, 16.

versūra ( vors-), ae, f. [verto], a turning round, twirling about, rotating.

Lit.:

foliorum,

Varr. R. R. 1, 46:

ejus loci (coxendicum),

id. L. L. 7, § 67 Müll.—

Transf.

The turning-place, turn at the end of a furrow, Col. 2, 2, 28; Pall. 2, 3, 1.—

In archit., a turn, corner, angle of a wall, Vitr 3, 1; 5, 6 fin.; 5, 12;

or in a water conduit,

id. 8, 7.—

(Qs. a changing of one's creditor.) The borrowing of money to pay a debt (the class. signif. of the word); and hence, in gen., a borrowing, loan:

versuram facere mutuam pecuniam sumere ex eo dictum est, quod initio qui mutuabantur ab aliis, non ut domum ferrent, sed ut aliis solverent, velut verterent creditorem,

Fest. p. 379 Müll.:

eos homines versuram a Carpinatio fecisse, qui pecunias Verri dedissent,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 76, § 186:

sine mutuatione et sine versurā dissolvere,

id. Tusc. 1, 42, 100:

Salaminii cum Romae versuram facere vellent, non poterant,

id. Att. 5, 21, 12; 15, 20, 4; id. Font. 5, 11; id. Fl. 20, 48:

cum versuram facere publice necesse esset,

Nep. Att. 2, 4; 9, 5.— Trop., Sen. Ep. 19, 9; id. Ben. 5, 8, 3:

vereor, ne illud, quod tecum permutavi, versurā mihi solvendum sit,

is to be paid by a new loan, Cic. Att. 5, 15, 2:

versurā factā solvere,

id. ib. 5, 1, 2: non modo versurā, verum etiam [p. 1977] venditione, si ita res coget, nos vindicabis, id. ib. 16, 2, 2:

versura vetita,

Tac. A. 6, 16.—Prov.: in eodem luto haesitas, vorsurā solves, you pay by borrowing, i. e. you get out of one difficulty by getting into another, Ter. Phorm. 5, 2, 15; Lact. 2, 8, 24.

versūtus ( vors-), a, um, adj. [a lengthened form of versus, from verto; cf. astutus init. ].

In a good sense, adroit, dexterous, versatile; shrewd, clever, ingenious (class.;

syn. callidus): homo versutus et callidus (versutos eos appello, quorum celeriter mens versatur),

Cic. N. D. 3, 10, 25:

quod (genus acuminis) erat in reprehendendis verbis versutum et sollers,

id. Brut. 67, 236:

animus acutus atque versutus,

id. de Or. 2, 20, 84:

versutissimum et patientissimum Lacedaemonium Lysandrum accepimus,

id. Off. 1, 30, 109:

adulescens docte vorsutus fuit,

Plaut. Stich. 4, 1, 55.—

In a bad sense, cunning, crafty, wily, sly, deceitful (freq. and class.;

syn. vafer): vorsutior es quam rota figularis,

Plaut. Ep. 3, 2, 35:

non esse servus pejor hoc quisquam potest, Nec magis versutus,

id. As. 1, 1, 106; cf. id. Ps. 4, 8, 6:

hoc est hominis versuti, obscuri, astuti, fallacis, malitiosi, callidi, veteratoris, vafri,

Cic. de Or. 3, 13, 57; cf. id. ib. 2, 3, 10:

acutus, versutus, veterator,

id. Fin. 2, 16, 53; 2, 17, 54:

Corinna,

Ov. Am. 2, 19, 9:

propago,

id. M. 11, 312 al. — Sup., Vell. 2, 118, 1.—With gen.:

versutus ingenii,

Plin. 7, 12, 10, § 56.— Adv.: ver-sūtē, cunningly, craftily, slyly, Cic. Or. 7, 22; id. Brut. 9, 35.— Sup., Aug Trin. 15, 20.

ē-verto or - vorto, ti, sum, 3, v. a., to overturn, turn upside down (syn. demolior, destruo, extinguo, diruo, deleo, etc.).

Lit.

In gen. (very rare):

aequora ventis,

to upturn, agitate, Verg. A. 1, 43; cf.

aquas,

Ov. H. 7, 42:

mare,

Sen. Ep. 4:

campum,

i. e. to plough, Val. Fl. 7, 75:

cervices,

to twist, Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 131 Ruhnk.—More freq. and class. (not in Caes.),

In partic.

To overturn any thing from its position, to overthrow, upset, throw down:

naviculam,

Cic. de Or. 1, 38, 174; id. Par. 3, 1, 20; id. Fin. 4, 27 fin.; cf. id. Rep. 1, 34:

pinum,

Verg. G. 1, 256; Plin. 16, 31, 56 § 130; cf.

poët.: Ismara,

i. e. the trees of Ismarus, Stat. Th. 6, 107:

currum,

Curt. 4, 15; cf.

equum,

Prop. 4 (5), 10, 8.— Transf., of persons:

eversus,

thrown down, Plin. 21, 19, 77, § 132; 26, 13, 85, § 137.—Designating the term. ad quem:

si quis Athon Pindumve revulsos Sede sua, totos in apertum everteret aequor,

Ov. M. 11, 555; cf.:

tecta in dominum,

id. ib. 1, 231.—

Transf., to overthrow, subvert, destroy:

urbes (with diripere),

Cic. Off. 1, 24:

Carthaginem,

id. Rep. 6, 11:

Trojam,

Ov. M. 13, 169:

castellum,

Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 34:

funditus arces,

Sil. 17, 376.—

To turn out, drive out, expel a man from his possession:

ut agro evortat Lesbonicum, quando evortit aedibus,

Plaut. Trin. 3, 1, 15; so,

adolescentem bonis,

id. ib. 1, 2, 177:

pupillum fortunis patriis,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 51:

eos fortunis omnibus,

id. Div. in Caecil. 6, 21; id. Fl. 5:

hunc funditus bonis,

id. Rosc. Am. 39 fin. —

Trop. (Acc. to I. B.)

To overturn, overthrow:

ab imo summa,

Lucr. 5, 163:

aliquem non judicio neque disceptatione, sed vi atque impressione evertere,

to ruin, Cic. Fam. 5, 2, 8:

aliquem fortunis omnibus,

id. Div. in Caec. 6, 21.—

To overthrow completely, to subvert, ruin, destroy:

funditus aratores,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 18 fin.:

funditus civitates,

id. Pis. 35, 86:

eversa per te et perdita civitas,

id. ib. 24, 57; id. Lael. 7, 23; cf. Quint. 2, 16, 4; Verg. G. 1, 500:

funditus amicitiam,

Cic. Fin. 2, 25; cf.:

penitus virtutem,

id. ib. 3, 3:

totum genus hoc regiae civitatis,

id. Rep. 2, 29:

leges, testamenta,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 19; cf. id. Cat. 1, 7 fin.:

constitutam philosophiam,

id. Ac. 2, 5, 15; cf.

definitionem,

id. 2, 6 fin.:

finitionem,

Quint. 7, 3, 23:

opus,

id. 2, 17, 34:

majestatem dictatoriam et disciplinam militarem,

Liv. 8, 30 fin.:

patrimonium,

to waste, squander, Dig. 47, 6, 1:

pietatem,

Lucr. 3, 84:

spem,

Ov. M. 13, 623:

Crassos, Pompeios,

to ruin, Juv. 10, 108: titulum, to erase, Capit. Gord. Tert. 34.

prae-verto or - vorto, ti, 3, v. a., and (only in present tense) praevertor or - vortor ( inf. pass. paragog. praevortier, Plaut. Am. 3, 2, 39), 3, v. dep.

To prefer:

ne me uxorem praevertisse dicant prae republicā,

Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 29:

si vacas animo, neque habes aliquid, quod huic sermoni praevertendum putes,

Cic. Div. 1, 6, 10; Gell. 4, 3, 2.—

To go before, precede, outstrip, outrun.

Lit. ( poet.):

cursu pedum ventos,

Verg. A. 7, 807:

equo ventos,

id. ib. 12, 345:

volucremque fugā praevertitur Eurum,

id. ib. 1, 317:

vestigia cervae,

Cat. 64, 341; Stat. Th. 5, 691.—

Trop.

To be beforehand with, to anticipate; with acc., to prevent, make useless: nostra omnis lis est: pulcre praevortar viros, will anticipate, be beforehand with them (cf. praevenio), Plaut. Cas. 2, 8, 75:

aggerem et vineas egit, turresque admovit: quorum usum forte oblata opportunitas praevertit,

has rendered useless, Liv. 8, 16:

praevertunt, inquit, me fata,

prevent me, Ov. M. 2, 657:

celeri praevertit tristia leto,

Luc. 8, 29:

quae absolvi, quoniam mors praeverterat, nequiverunt,

Gell. 17, 10, 6.—

To take possession of beforehand, to preoccupy, prepossess:

vivo tentat praevertere amore Jampridem resides animos,

to prepossess, Verg. A. 1, 722; cf.:

neque praevorto poculum,

take before my turn, Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 59.—

To surpass in worth, outweigh, exceed, to be preferable, of more importance:

erilis praevertit metus,

Plaut. Am. 5, 1, 16: quoniam pietatem amori tuo video praevortere, outweigh, [p. 1438] exceed, id. Ps. 1, 3, 59:

nec posse, cum hostes prope ad portas essent, bello praevertisse quicquam,

Liv. 2, 24.—

To turn one's attention first or principally to, to do first or in preference to any thing else, to despatch first; used esp. in the dep.

With dat.:

rei mandatae omnes sapientes primum praevorti decet,

to apply themselves principally to it, to despatch it first, Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 40:

ei rei primum praevorti volo,

id. Capt. 2, 3, 100:

stultitia est, cui bene esse licet, cum praevorti litibus,

to occupy one's self with contentions, id. Pers. 5, 2, 20:

cave, pigritiae praevorteris,

do not give yourself up to indolence, id. Merc. 1, 2, 3:

etsi ab hoste discedere detrimentosum esse existimabat, tamen huic rei praevertendum existimavit,

Caes. B. G. 7, 33.—

With acc., to do or attend to in preference:

hoc praevortar principio,

Plaut. Ps. 2, 2, 8:

si quid dictum est per jocum, non aequom est, id te serio praevortier,

to take it in earnest, id. Am. 3, 2, 39; Liv. 8, 13:

aliud in praesentia praevertendum sibi esse dixit,

that must be attended to first, id. 35, 33.— Pass.:

praevorti hoc certum est rebus aliis omnibus,

Plaut. Cist. 5, 1, 8. —

With ad, to apply one's self particularly to any thing:

si quando ad interna praeverterent,

Tac. A. 4, 32; so, praevertor, dep.:

nunc praevertemur ad nostrum orbem,

Plin. 28, 9, 33, § 123:

nunc praevertemur ad differentias aeris,

id. 34, 8, 20, § 94:

ad ea praeverti,

Col. 3, 7:

hostes ad occursandum pugnandumque in eos praevertentur,

Gell. 3, 7, 6.—

With an adverb of place:

illuc praevertamur,

let us first of all look at this, Hor. S. 1, 3, 38.—

With a rel.-clause; proximum erat narrare glandiferas quoque, ni praeverti cogeret admiratio, quaenam esset vita sine arbore ullā, Plin. H. N. 16, praef. § 1.—

Absol.:

in rem quod sit, praevortaris, potius quam, etc.,

do, perform, attend to, Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 8.