continue!

cursus, ūs, m. [id.], a running ( on foot, on a horse, chariot, ship, etc.), a course, way, march, passage, voyage, journey, etc. (very freq.).

Lit.

Of living beings:

ingressus, cursus, accubitio, etc.,

Cic. N. D. 1, 34, 94:

ibi cursu, luctando... sese exercebant,

Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 24; cf. id. Most. 1, 2, 73, and Hor. A. P. 412:

quique pedum cursu valet, etc.,

Verg. A. 5, 67:

cursu superare canem,

Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 51:

milites cursu exanimati,

Caes. B. G. 2, 23:

huc magno cursu intenderunt,

at full speed, id. ib. 3, 19:

magno cursu concitatus,

id. B. C. 1, 70:

cursu incitatus,

id. ib. 1, 79; 3, 46; Auct. B. Alex. 20; cf.:

in cursu esse,

Cic. Att. 5, 16, 1; cf. II. fin. infra:

strictis gladiis cursu in hostem feruntur,

advance at a run, Liv. 9, 13, 2:

effuso cursu,

id. 2, 50, 6:

eo cursu proripere, ut, etc.,

id. 24, 26, 12; 31, 21, 6:

eo cursu, Auct. B. Alex 30: eodem cursu contendere,

right onward, Caes. B. C. 2, 35; cf. id. B. G. 6, 67: citato cursu. Just. 11, 15, 2:

cursus in Graeciam per tuam provinciam,

Cic. Att. 10, 4, 10:

quis umquam tam brevi tempore tot loca adire, tantos cursus conficere potuit?

id. Imp. Pomp. 12, 34:

(terrae) tuis non dicam cursibus, sed victoriis lustratae sunt,

id. ib. 2, 5:

agmen cursūs magis quam itineris modo ducit,

Curt. 5, 13, 5; 6, 1, 12; Just. 15, 3, 11; 11, 8, 2:

Miltiades cursum direxit, quo tendebat,

Nep. Milt. 1, 6; Vell. 2, 19, 4; 1, 4, 1:

Ulixi per mare,

Hor. C. 1, 6, 7:

iterare cursus relictos,

id. ib. 1, 34, 4:

Naxon, ait Liber, cursus advertite vestros,

Ov. M. 3, 636 et saep.; cf. B.: cursum per [p. 504] auras Derigere, Verg. A. 6, 194; so of flying, Ov. M. 2, 838; 4, 787 al.—

Cursum tenere (in a march or on shipboard), to hold one's course, to maintain a direct course:

equites cursum tenere atque insulam capere non potuerant,

Caes. B. G. 4, 26 fin.:

Dionysius cum secundissimo vento cursum teneret,

Cic. N. D. 3, 34, 83; Caes. B. G. 5, 8; cf. 2. b. —

Of inanimate objects:

solis cursus lunaeque meatus Expediam,

Lucr. 5, 77; cf. id. 5, 772 al.:

lunae,

id. 5, 629; cf. id. 5, 630:

stellarum,

Cic. Rep. 6, 17, 17:

neque clara suo percurrere fulmina cursu Perpetuo possint,

Lucr. 1, 1003:

si lacus emissus lapsu et cursu suo ad mare profluxisset,

Cic. Div. 1, 44, 100; so of the course or flow of a stream, Ov. M. 1, 282; 9, 18; Plin. 5, 24, 20, § 85:

longarum navium,

Caes. B. G. 5, 8; cf. Cic. Mur. 15, 33; id. Off. 3, 12, 50 al.:

Aquilonis et Austri,

Lucr. 5, 688; cf. id. 6, 302:

menstrui,

Plin. 11, 39, 94, § 230:

quadripertiti venarum,

id. 16, 39, 76, § 195 et saep.—

Cursum tenere, as supra, 1. b.:

tanta tempestas subito coorta est, ut nulla earum (navium) cursum tenere posset,

Caes. B. G. 4, 28.—

Meton.

Cursum exspectare, to wait for a fair wind (lit. for a passage), Cic. Att. 5, 8, 1.—

(Abstr. pro concr.) Cursus publici, in the time of the emperors, posts or relays divided into stations, for the speedy transmission of information upon state affairs, Cod. Just. 12, 51; Cod. Th. 8, 5; Inscr. Orell. 3181; 3329; cf.

. equi publici,

Amm. 14, 6, 16:

vehicula publica,

id. 21, 13, 7:

cursus vehicularius,

Capitol. Ant. P. 12, 3:

vehicularis,

Dig. 50, 4, 18, § 4:

cursus fiscalis,

Spart. Had. 7; v. Suet. Aug. 49.—

Trop. (freq. in Cic. and Quint.), a course, progress, direction, way:

qui cursus rerum, qui exitus futurus sit,

Cic. Fam. 4, 2, 3; cf. Tac. H. 4, 34; id. Agr. 39:

implicari aliquo certo genere cursuque vivendi,

Cic. Off. 1, 32, 117:

vitae brevis cursus, gloriae sempiternus,

id. Sest. 21, 47:

reliquus vitae cursus,

id. Phil. 2, 19, 47:

totius vitae cursum videre,

id. Off. 1, 4, 11:

omnem vitae suae cursum conficere,

id. Cael. 17, 39:

in omni vitae cursu optimum visum est, ut, etc.,

Macr. S. 1, 2, 3:

temporum,

Cic. Fam. 6, 5, 2:

tuorum honorum,

id. ib. 3, 11, 2; cf. Tac. H. 1, 48:

continuus proeliorum,

id. Agr. 27 al.:

cursus vocis per omnis sonos,

Cic. de Or. 3, 61, 227:

cursus verborum,

id. ib. 1, 35, 161; so of the motion or flow of discourse, etc., id. Part. Or. 15, 52; Quint. 8, prooem. § 27;

9, 4, 70: cursus hic et sonus rotundae volubilisque sententiae,

Gell. 11, 13, 4:

quem enim cursum industria mea tenere potuisset sine forensibus causis, etc.,

Cic. Phil. 8, 4, 11; cf. id. Or. 1, 4:

nos in eodem cursu fuimus a Sullā dictatore ad eosdem fere consules,

id. Brut. 96, 328; so,

esse in cursu,

to go on, continue, Ov. M. 13, 508; id. F. 6, 362.

dēbĕo ( dehibeo, Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 24 infra, cf. Ritschl, Opusc. Phil. 2, 590), ŭi, ĭtum, 2, v. a. [de-habeo], (lit., to have or keep from some one: "qui pecuniam dissolvit, statim non habet id quod reddidit, qui autem debet, aes retinet alienum," Cic. Planc. 28, 68 Wund.; hence), to owe (Gr. opheilô; opp. reddo, solvo, dissolvo, persolvo, freq. and class.).

Lit., of money and money's worth.

Act.,

with acc.:

quas (drachmas) de ratione dehibuisti,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 24; cf. Ter. Heaut. 4, 5, 43:

Mylasis et Alabandis pecuniam Cluvio debent,

Cic. Fam. 13, 56; so,

pecuniam alicui,

id. ib. 13, 14 et saep.:

qui dissolverem quae debeo,

Ter. Ph. 4, 3, 51:

appellatus es de pecunia, quam pro domo, pro hortis, pro sectione debebas,

Cic. Phil. 2, 29, 71; so,

grandem pecuniam,

Sall. C. 49, 3: quadringenties HS. Cic. Phil. 2, 37:

talenta CC,

id. Att. 5, 21, 12:

quadruplum, duplum,

Quint. 7, 4, 44 et saep.—

Without acc.:

illis quibus debeo,

Ter. Ph. 5, 7, 30:

ut illi quam plurimi deberent,

Sall. J. 96, 2:

nec ipsi debeo,

Quint. 4, 4, 6: Cal. Jan. debuit;

adhuc non solvit,

Cic. Att. 14, 18; Caes. B. C. 3, 20, 3 et saep.— Part. pres. as subst.: debentes, ium, m., debtors, Liv. 6, 27, 3; cf. Sen. Ben. 1, 4, 5.—

Pass.:

dum pecunia accipitur, quae mihi ex publica permutatione debetur,

Cic. Fam. 3, 5, 4; id. Verr. 2, 3, 82; cf.:

quam ad diem legioni frumentum deberi sciebat,

Caes. B. G. 6, 33:

a publicanis suae provinciae debitam biennii pecuniam exegerat,

id. B. C. 3, 31; Quint. 5, 10, 117:

quod si omnino non debetur? Quid? praetor solet judicare deberi?

Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 3, § 10; cf.:

quaeretur an debeatur,

Quint. 7, 1, 21 et saep.—Hence,

Dēbĭ-tum, i, n., what is owing, a debt, Cic. Att. 13, 23 fin.:

ne de bonis deminui paterentur priusquam Fundanio debitum solutum esset,

id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 3, § 10:

tamquam debito fraudetur,

id. Or. 53, 178:

ex quibus unum haec epistula in debitum solvet,

will pay a debt with one, Sen. Ep. 7, 10:

reddere,

to repay, Col. 10, pr. 1.

Prov.:

animan debere,

to be over head and ears in debt, Ter. Ph. 4, 3, 56 ("Graecum proverbium, kai autên tên psuchên opheilei," Don.).

Trop., to owe something, i. e. to be under obligation, both to and for something.

To owe, i. e. to be bound or under obligation to render, pay, etc., something (for syn. cf.: necesse est, oportet, cogo, decet, opus est, par est, meum, tuum... alicujus est).

In gen.

with acc.:

ego hoc tibi pro servitio debeo,

Ter. Andr. 4, 1, 51:

quo etiam majorem ei res publica gratiam debet,

Cic. Phil. 2, 11, 27; so,

gratiam,

Sall. J. 110; cf. no. b:

videris patriae hoc munus debere,

Cic. Leg. 1, 25:

si fidem debet tutor,

Quint. 5, 10, 73 (acc. to Cic. Top. 10, 42, si tutor fidem praestare debet); cf. no. b:

dies longa videtur opus debentibus,

Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 21:

quos mundo debes oculos,

Ov. M. 4, 197:

debueram patriae poenas odiisque meorum,

Verg. A. 10, 853; cf. Ov. M. 6, 538; id. F. 5, 648:

juvenem nil jam caelestibus ullis debentem,

Verg. A. 11, 51; cf. Sil. 15, 371: navis, quae tibi creditum Debes Vergilium finibus Atticis, Hor. Od. 1, 3, 6; Ov. M. 1, 481 sq.:

Turnum debent haec jam mihi sacra,

Verg. A. 12, 317 Wagn. N. cr.; cf. id. ib. 11, 179:

isti tibi quid homines debent?

i. e. what business have you with those men? Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 51; cf. infra b fin. —

With inf., to be bound, in duty bound to do something; I ought, must, should, etc., do it (in class. prose always in the sense of moral necessity; in the poets sometimes for necesse est):

debetis velle quae velimus,

Plaut. Am. prol. 39:

num ferre contra patriam arma illi cum Coriolano debuerunt?

Cic. Lael. 11:

multo illa gravius aestimare debere,

Caes. B. G. 7, 14 fin.:

Africam forte Tubero obtinere debebat,

id. B. C. 1, 30:

debes hoc etiam rescribere,

Hor. Ep. 1, 3, 30 et saep.:

ut agri vastari, oppida expugnari non debuerint, Caes, B. G. 1, 11: summae se iniquitatis condemnari debere, si, etc.,

id. ib. 7, 19 fin.:

scriptor... inter perfectos veteresque referri debet, etc.,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 37 (for which ib. 41: inter quos referendus erit? cf. also ultima semper Exspectanda dies homini;

dicique beatus Ante obitum nemo debet,

Ov. M. 3, 137):

ut jam nunc dicat, jam nunc debentia dici,

Hor. A. P. 43 et saep.— Poet. for necesse est, oportet, it is necessary, it must needs (so almost everywhere in Lucret.):

omnia debet enim cibus integrare novando et fulcire cibus, etc.,

Lucr. 2, 1146; 3, 188; 4, 61; 1, 232 Munro.—

Pass., to be due or owing:

Veneri jam et Libero reliquum tempus deberi arbitrabatur,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 11:

quanta his (sc. dis) gratia debeatur,

id. Fin. 3, 22, 73; id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 9 fin.:

honores non ex merito, sed quasi debitos repetere,

Sall. J. 85, 37 et saep.:

persolvant grates dignas et praemia reddant Debita!

Verg. A. 2, 538:

debita quam sulcis committas semina,

id. G. 1, 223; Prop. 1, 6, 17; 2, 28, 60 (3, 26, 14 M.):

debitae Nymphis opifex coronae,

Hor. Od. 3, 27, 30:

calentem debita sparges lacrima favillam,

id. ib. 2, 6, 23; Prop. 3, 7, 9 (4, 6, 9 M.):

soli mihi Pallas debetur,

Verg. A. 10, 443 et saep.:

quid tibi istic debetur?

what business have you there? Plaut. Mil. 2, 5, 18; id. Truc. 2, 2, 8; id. Rud. 1, 1, 34; cf. supra, a

.—Hence, Dēbĭtum, i, n., what is due, debt, duty, obligation (post-Aug. and rare):

velut omni vitae debito liberatus,

Curt. 10, 5, 3:

nepotum nutriendorum,

Val. Max. 2, 9, 1:

non secundum gratiam, sed secundum debitum,

Vulg. Rom. 4, 4; 1 Cor. 7, 3:

solvere debito,

to free from obligation, Sen. Ben. 6, 4, 1.—

Poet. (esp. in Verg.) and in post-Aug. prose like the Gr. opheilô and ophliskanô.

To owe, i. e. to be bound or destined by fate or by nature (v. Lidd. and Scott sub. opheilô, no. 3).

Act.. urbem et jam cerno Phrygios debere nepotes, i. e. are destined to found, Ov. M. 15, 444:

debet multas hic legibus aevi (i. e. fato) Ante suam mortes,

Luc. 2, 82; cf. id. 6, 530.—More usually,

pass., to be due i. e. to be destined:

cui regnum Italiae Romanaque tellus Debentur,

Verg. A. 4, 276; cf. id. ib. 3, 184; 7, 120;

145: indigetem Aeneam scis Deberi caelo,

id. ib. 12, 795:

animae, quibus altera fato Corpora debentur,

id. ib. 6, 714:

sors ista senectae Debita erat nostrae,

id. ib. 11, 166:

fatis debitus Arruns,

i. e. devoted to death, id. ib. 11, 759:

dum bello Argolici vastabant Pergama reges Debita casurasque inimicis ignibus arces,

id. ib. 8, 375 (" fataliter ad exitium destinata," Serv.); cf. so absol.:

tempora Parcae debita complerant,

id. ib. 9, 108:

morbo naturae debitum reddiderunt,

Nep. Reg. 1 fin.: DEBITVM NATVRAE PERSOLVIT, etc., Inscr. Orell. no. 3453;

and simply DEBITVM PERSOLVIT,

id. ib. no. 4482.—

So, because what one is destined by the fates to suffer is regarded as his debt (ophliskanein gelôta tini):

tu nisi ventis debes ludibrium, cave,

Hor. Od. 1, 14, 16.

To owe something to some one, to be indebted to or to have to thank one for something.

With acc.:

ut hoc summum beneficium Q. Maximo debuerim,

Cic. de Or. 1, 26, 121; so magna beneficia mihi, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 12;

qui mihi laudem illam eo minus deberet,

Cic. Att. 1, 14, 3:

me paene plus tibi quam ipsi Miloni debiturum,

id. Fam. 2, 6 fin.; cf. id. Planc. 28;

and quantum cuique deberet,

Nep. Epam. 3 fin.; Plin. Pan. 30, 1 et saep.:

o cui debere salutem Confiteor,

Ov. M. 7, 164;

so vitam,

id. Pont. 4, 5, 31;

and in a like sense: se,

id. M. 7, 48; 2, 644; so,

in a bad sense, hoc quoque Tarquinio debebimus,

id. Fast. 2, 825. —

Absol., to be indebted, obliged, under obligation to one:

verum fac me multis debere, et in iis Plancio, etc.,

Cic. Planc. 28; cf.

with a clause: tibi nos debere fatemur, quod, etc.,

Ov. M. 4, 76.

To continue to owe something; i. e. to withhold, keep back:

quod praesenti tibi non tribueram, id absenti debere non potui,

Cic. Fam. 7, 19, init. —So pass.:

sic enim diximus, et tibi hoc video non posse debere,

id. Tusc. 2, 27, 67 fin.

dēbĕo ( dehibeo, Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 24 infra, cf. Ritschl, Opusc. Phil. 2, 590), ŭi, ĭtum, 2, v. a. [de-habeo], (lit., to have or keep from some one: "qui pecuniam dissolvit, statim non habet id quod reddidit, qui autem debet, aes retinet alienum," Cic. Planc. 28, 68 Wund.; hence), to owe (Gr. opheilô; opp. reddo, solvo, dissolvo, persolvo, freq. and class.).

Lit., of money and money's worth.

Act.,

with acc.:

quas (drachmas) de ratione dehibuisti,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 24; cf. Ter. Heaut. 4, 5, 43:

Mylasis et Alabandis pecuniam Cluvio debent,

Cic. Fam. 13, 56; so,

pecuniam alicui,

id. ib. 13, 14 et saep.:

qui dissolverem quae debeo,

Ter. Ph. 4, 3, 51:

appellatus es de pecunia, quam pro domo, pro hortis, pro sectione debebas,

Cic. Phil. 2, 29, 71; so,

grandem pecuniam,

Sall. C. 49, 3: quadringenties HS. Cic. Phil. 2, 37:

talenta CC,

id. Att. 5, 21, 12:

quadruplum, duplum,

Quint. 7, 4, 44 et saep.—

Without acc.:

illis quibus debeo,

Ter. Ph. 5, 7, 30:

ut illi quam plurimi deberent,

Sall. J. 96, 2:

nec ipsi debeo,

Quint. 4, 4, 6: Cal. Jan. debuit;

adhuc non solvit,

Cic. Att. 14, 18; Caes. B. C. 3, 20, 3 et saep.— Part. pres. as subst.: debentes, ium, m., debtors, Liv. 6, 27, 3; cf. Sen. Ben. 1, 4, 5.—

Pass.:

dum pecunia accipitur, quae mihi ex publica permutatione debetur,

Cic. Fam. 3, 5, 4; id. Verr. 2, 3, 82; cf.:

quam ad diem legioni frumentum deberi sciebat,

Caes. B. G. 6, 33:

a publicanis suae provinciae debitam biennii pecuniam exegerat,

id. B. C. 3, 31; Quint. 5, 10, 117:

quod si omnino non debetur? Quid? praetor solet judicare deberi?

Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 3, § 10; cf.:

quaeretur an debeatur,

Quint. 7, 1, 21 et saep.—Hence,

Dēbĭ-tum, i, n., what is owing, a debt, Cic. Att. 13, 23 fin.:

ne de bonis deminui paterentur priusquam Fundanio debitum solutum esset,

id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 3, § 10:

tamquam debito fraudetur,

id. Or. 53, 178:

ex quibus unum haec epistula in debitum solvet,

will pay a debt with one, Sen. Ep. 7, 10:

reddere,

to repay, Col. 10, pr. 1.

Prov.:

animan debere,

to be over head and ears in debt, Ter. Ph. 4, 3, 56 ("Graecum proverbium, kai autên tên psuchên opheilei," Don.).

Trop., to owe something, i. e. to be under obligation, both to and for something.

To owe, i. e. to be bound or under obligation to render, pay, etc., something (for syn. cf.: necesse est, oportet, cogo, decet, opus est, par est, meum, tuum... alicujus est).

In gen.

with acc.:

ego hoc tibi pro servitio debeo,

Ter. Andr. 4, 1, 51:

quo etiam majorem ei res publica gratiam debet,

Cic. Phil. 2, 11, 27; so,

gratiam,

Sall. J. 110; cf. no. b:

videris patriae hoc munus debere,

Cic. Leg. 1, 25:

si fidem debet tutor,

Quint. 5, 10, 73 (acc. to Cic. Top. 10, 42, si tutor fidem praestare debet); cf. no. b:

dies longa videtur opus debentibus,

Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 21:

quos mundo debes oculos,

Ov. M. 4, 197:

debueram patriae poenas odiisque meorum,

Verg. A. 10, 853; cf. Ov. M. 6, 538; id. F. 5, 648:

juvenem nil jam caelestibus ullis debentem,

Verg. A. 11, 51; cf. Sil. 15, 371: navis, quae tibi creditum Debes Vergilium finibus Atticis, Hor. Od. 1, 3, 6; Ov. M. 1, 481 sq.:

Turnum debent haec jam mihi sacra,

Verg. A. 12, 317 Wagn. N. cr.; cf. id. ib. 11, 179:

isti tibi quid homines debent?

i. e. what business have you with those men? Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 51; cf. infra b fin. —

With inf., to be bound, in duty bound to do something; I ought, must, should, etc., do it (in class. prose always in the sense of moral necessity; in the poets sometimes for necesse est):

debetis velle quae velimus,

Plaut. Am. prol. 39:

num ferre contra patriam arma illi cum Coriolano debuerunt?

Cic. Lael. 11:

multo illa gravius aestimare debere,

Caes. B. G. 7, 14 fin.:

Africam forte Tubero obtinere debebat,

id. B. C. 1, 30:

debes hoc etiam rescribere,

Hor. Ep. 1, 3, 30 et saep.:

ut agri vastari, oppida expugnari non debuerint, Caes, B. G. 1, 11: summae se iniquitatis condemnari debere, si, etc.,

id. ib. 7, 19 fin.:

scriptor... inter perfectos veteresque referri debet, etc.,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 37 (for which ib. 41: inter quos referendus erit? cf. also ultima semper Exspectanda dies homini;

dicique beatus Ante obitum nemo debet,

Ov. M. 3, 137):

ut jam nunc dicat, jam nunc debentia dici,

Hor. A. P. 43 et saep.— Poet. for necesse est, oportet, it is necessary, it must needs (so almost everywhere in Lucret.):

omnia debet enim cibus integrare novando et fulcire cibus, etc.,

Lucr. 2, 1146; 3, 188; 4, 61; 1, 232 Munro.—

Pass., to be due or owing:

Veneri jam et Libero reliquum tempus deberi arbitrabatur,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 11:

quanta his (sc. dis) gratia debeatur,

id. Fin. 3, 22, 73; id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 9 fin.:

honores non ex merito, sed quasi debitos repetere,

Sall. J. 85, 37 et saep.:

persolvant grates dignas et praemia reddant Debita!

Verg. A. 2, 538:

debita quam sulcis committas semina,

id. G. 1, 223; Prop. 1, 6, 17; 2, 28, 60 (3, 26, 14 M.):

debitae Nymphis opifex coronae,

Hor. Od. 3, 27, 30:

calentem debita sparges lacrima favillam,

id. ib. 2, 6, 23; Prop. 3, 7, 9 (4, 6, 9 M.):

soli mihi Pallas debetur,

Verg. A. 10, 443 et saep.:

quid tibi istic debetur?

what business have you there? Plaut. Mil. 2, 5, 18; id. Truc. 2, 2, 8; id. Rud. 1, 1, 34; cf. supra, a

.—Hence, Dēbĭtum, i, n., what is due, debt, duty, obligation (post-Aug. and rare):

velut omni vitae debito liberatus,

Curt. 10, 5, 3:

nepotum nutriendorum,

Val. Max. 2, 9, 1:

non secundum gratiam, sed secundum debitum,

Vulg. Rom. 4, 4; 1 Cor. 7, 3:

solvere debito,

to free from obligation, Sen. Ben. 6, 4, 1.—

Poet. (esp. in Verg.) and in post-Aug. prose like the Gr. opheilô and ophliskanô.

To owe, i. e. to be bound or destined by fate or by nature (v. Lidd. and Scott sub. opheilô, no. 3).

Act.. urbem et jam cerno Phrygios debere nepotes, i. e. are destined to found, Ov. M. 15, 444:

debet multas hic legibus aevi (i. e. fato) Ante suam mortes,

Luc. 2, 82; cf. id. 6, 530.—More usually,

pass., to be due i. e. to be destined:

cui regnum Italiae Romanaque tellus Debentur,

Verg. A. 4, 276; cf. id. ib. 3, 184; 7, 120;

145: indigetem Aeneam scis Deberi caelo,

id. ib. 12, 795:

animae, quibus altera fato Corpora debentur,

id. ib. 6, 714:

sors ista senectae Debita erat nostrae,

id. ib. 11, 166:

fatis debitus Arruns,

i. e. devoted to death, id. ib. 11, 759:

dum bello Argolici vastabant Pergama reges Debita casurasque inimicis ignibus arces,

id. ib. 8, 375 (" fataliter ad exitium destinata," Serv.); cf. so absol.:

tempora Parcae debita complerant,

id. ib. 9, 108:

morbo naturae debitum reddiderunt,

Nep. Reg. 1 fin.: DEBITVM NATVRAE PERSOLVIT, etc., Inscr. Orell. no. 3453;

and simply DEBITVM PERSOLVIT,

id. ib. no. 4482.—

So, because what one is destined by the fates to suffer is regarded as his debt (ophliskanein gelôta tini):

tu nisi ventis debes ludibrium, cave,

Hor. Od. 1, 14, 16.

To owe something to some one, to be indebted to or to have to thank one for something.

With acc.:

ut hoc summum beneficium Q. Maximo debuerim,

Cic. de Or. 1, 26, 121; so magna beneficia mihi, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 12;

qui mihi laudem illam eo minus deberet,

Cic. Att. 1, 14, 3:

me paene plus tibi quam ipsi Miloni debiturum,

id. Fam. 2, 6 fin.; cf. id. Planc. 28;

and quantum cuique deberet,

Nep. Epam. 3 fin.; Plin. Pan. 30, 1 et saep.:

o cui debere salutem Confiteor,

Ov. M. 7, 164;

so vitam,

id. Pont. 4, 5, 31;

and in a like sense: se,

id. M. 7, 48; 2, 644; so,

in a bad sense, hoc quoque Tarquinio debebimus,

id. Fast. 2, 825. —

Absol., to be indebted, obliged, under obligation to one:

verum fac me multis debere, et in iis Plancio, etc.,

Cic. Planc. 28; cf.

with a clause: tibi nos debere fatemur, quod, etc.,

Ov. M. 4, 76.

To continue to owe something; i. e. to withhold, keep back:

quod praesenti tibi non tribueram, id absenti debere non potui,

Cic. Fam. 7, 19, init. —So pass.:

sic enim diximus, et tibi hoc video non posse debere,

id. Tusc. 2, 27, 67 fin.

dēgo, dēgi, 3, v. a. [de-ago], to spend, pass, sc. time (for syn. cf.: ago, gero, facio—very freq. and class.).

With acc.:

a mane ad noctem usque in foro dego diem,

Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 3; so,

diem in laetitia,

Ter. Ad. 4, 1, 6:

aetatem,

Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 79; Ter. Ph. 2, 3, 70; Cic. Rosc. Am. 52, 150; id. Fin. 2, 35, 118 al.:

omne tempus aetatis,

id. de Sen. 1, 2:

aevom,

Lucr. 2, 1094; 5, 173;

Cic. Fragm. ap. Augustin. Trin. 4, 2: vitam,

Lucr. 3, 313; Cic. Sull. 27, 75; Verg. A. 4, 551 al.:

quod reliquum est vitae,

Cic. Fam. 11, 28 fin.:

senectam turpem,

Hor. Od. 1, 31, 20: otia pacato in thalamo, Catull. 68, 104 al.— Pass.:

quantis periclis degitur hoc aevi,

Lucr. 2, 16; so,

aetas,

id. 4, 1178; Cic. Lael. 23, 87; id. Off. 1, 32, 117; id. N. D. 1, 19, 50:

vita,

id. Fin. 4, 12, 30; Plin. 12, 1, 2, § 5 al.—

Absol., to live (not freq. till after the Aug. period):

laetus deget,

Hor. Od. 3, 29, 42:

gentes sic degunt,

Plin. H. N. 12 prooem. §

1: certus procul urbe degere,

Tac. A. 4, 57:

sine nequitia,

Sen. Ep. 74; cf. Plin. 6, 17, 19, § 50; 6, 25, 29, § 112: vita humanior sine sale non quit degere, to continue, endure, id. 31, 7, 41, § 88.—

To carry on, wage:

nautae contractum cum ventis degere bellum (cf.: agere, peragere bellum),

Lucr. 4, 968.

ex Fest. 73, 4 Müll.

dē-sĭdĕo, sēdi, 2, v. n. [sedeo], to remain or continue sitting, to sit long; and with the accessory idea of inactivity, to sit idle, to remain inactive (rare; not in Cic.).

In gen.:

tam diu Ibi desidere neque redire filium,

Plaut. Bac. 2, 3, 4; id. Ps. 4, 4, 7:

frustra ibi totum desedi diem,

Ter. Hec. 5, 3, 2:

aquila ramis,

Phaedr. 2, 4, 21; cf.:

amoenioribus locis,

Quint. 5, 8, 1:

apud Nicomedem,

Suet. Caes. 2:

in aliquo spectaculo,

Sen. Ep. 7:

in discrimine sociorum,

Suet. Caes. 4.—

In partic., to go to stool, Cels. 2, 7; 2, 12 fin.; 4, 18.

dūro, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. and n. [durus], to make hard, to harden (mostly ante-class. and post-Aug.; not in Cic.).

Lit.

Act.:

quae nobis durata ac spissa videntur, Haec, etc.,

Lucr. 2, 444; so in the part. perf.:

coria (with condurare ferrum),

id. 6, 970; cf.

cutis,

Ov. M. 4, 577:

caementa calce (opp. interlita luto),

Liv. 21, 11:

ova in aqua,

Plin. 29, 3, 11, § 45:

pontus frigore,

Ov. P. 4, 9, 85:

nives solo,

Hor. C. 3, 24, 39:

aqua salibus,

i. e. strongly saturated, Col. 7, 4 fin., v. durus, I.:

ungulas (mularum),

id. 6, 37, 11:

ferrum ictibus,

Plin. 34, 15, 43, § 149:

guttas in grana,

id. 12, 19, 42, § 94:

uvam fumo,

i. e. to dry, preserve, Hor. S. 2, 4, 72.—In medic. lang.: corpus, i. e. to bind, make costive, opp. mollire, Cels. 2, 14; cf. id. 2, 33 fin. —In fullers' lang., to harden, stiffen or full cloth: Art. Non queo durare. Par. Si non didicisti fulloniam, non mirandumst, Plaut. As. 5, 2, 57 (with a punning reference to the meaning II. A. 2.).—

Neutr.:

tum durare solum et discludere Nerea ponto Coeperit, i. q. durescere,

Verg. E. 6, 35; so,

vino minime durante, uva maxime,

Plin. 14, 3, 4, § 37.—

Trop.

(Acc. to durus, II. A. 2.).

Act., to harden with use or labor, etc.; to make hardy or callous, to inure (class.):

opere in duro membra manusque,

Lucr. 5, 1359; cf.:

membra animumque,

Hor. S. 1, 4, 119:

umeros ad vulnera,

Verg. G. 3, 257: hoc se labore durant homines adolescentes, * Caes. B. G. 6, 28, 3; cf.:

exercitum crebris expeditionibus, patientiaque periculorum,

Vell. 2, 78, 2:

cor,

Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 6; cf.

mentem,

Tac. A. 3, 15 al.:

ab duratis usu armorum pulsi,

Liv. 7, 29; so in the part., id. 23, 18; 30, 28:

durati bellis,

id. 42, 52:

vitia durantur,

grow inveterate, Quint. 1, 1, 37.—

Neutr. (so most freq.), to be hardened, inured to troubles, i. e. to be patient, to wait, persevere; to endure, hold out:

durare nequeo in aedibus,

Plaut. Am. 3, 2, 1; cf. id. Men. 5, 2, 31; Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 15; Liv. 5, 2, 7; 38, 7 fin.; Quint. 11, 3, 23; Verg. A. 9, 604; Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 82 al.; cf. impers., Liv. 10, 46:

durate et vosmet rebus servate secundis,

Verg. A. 1, 207; cf. Suet. Calig. 45; Auct. ap. Quint. 9, 2, 91; Ov. Am. 3, 11, 27 al.:

nequeo durare, quin, etc.,

Plaut. Curc. 1, 3, 22:

durare nequeo quin intro eam,

id. Mil. 4, 6, 34; Suet. Claud. 26.—

With acc., to bear, endure ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

patior quemvis durare laborem,

Verg. A. 8, 577:

quascumque vias,

Stat. S. 5, 2, 153;

and of inanimate subjects: sine funibus Vix durare carinae Possunt imperiosius Aequor,

Hor. C. 1, 14, 7; cf.:

(vitis genus) quod siccitatem durat et ventos,

Pall. Febr. 9, 1.—

With inf.:

non quis parumper durare opperier,

Plaut. Truc. 2, 3, 5.—

In gen., to hold out, to continue in existence, to last, remain (very freq.): Ar. Ubi illaec (talenta) quae dedi ante? Cl. Abusa. Num si ea durarent mihi, [p. 621] etc., Plaut. As. 1, 3, 44:

uti quam diutissime durent oleae,

Cato R. R. 58; 104; Varr. R. R. 1, 59, 3:

omnem durare per aevom,

Lucr. 3, 605; cf. id. 3, 812; Verg. G. 2, 100; Suet. Calig. 6 al.:

neque post mortem durare videtur (corpus),

Lucr. 3, 339; cf. ib. 561:

ad posteros virtus durabit,

Quint. 3, 1, 21; cf. id. 1, 11, 18; 3, 1, 9; 5, 11, 41:

maneat quaeso duretque gentibus, si non amor nostri, at certe odium sui,

Tac. G. 33:

durante originis vi,

id. Agr. 11; cf. Petr. 96, 3:

durante bello,

Tac. A. 14, 39; so with adhuc, Suet. Gramm. 24; cf.:

munera, quibus donatus est, durant, ostendunturque adhuc Bais,

are still in existence, id. Tib. 6 et saep.—With inf.:

ut vivere durent,

Luc. 4, 519; so Sil. 10, 653; 11, 75; Petr. 41, 2.—In Tacitus sometimes of persons, for vivere, to live:

narratum ab iis, qui nostram ad juventam duraverunt,

Tac. A. 3, 16; id. Or. 17; id. Agr. 44. And once in the same author (acc. to the better reading) of extension in space: durant colles (= continuantur, ultra porriguntur; French, s'y prolongent), extend continuously to the frontier, Germ. 30.—

(Acc. to durus, II. B.)

Act., to render hard, callous, insensible; to dull, to blunt (rare and perh. not ante-Aug.):

aerea dehinc ferro (Juppiter) duravit saecula,

Hor. Epod. 16, 65:

ad plagas durari,

Quint. 1, 3, 14 (cf. §

12: quae in pravam induruerunt): ad omne facinus durato,

Tac. H. 4, 59.—Of the affections, Vulg. Job, 39, 16.— Pass.:

linguae vitia, inemendabili in posterum pravitate durantur,

to become confirmed, incurable, Quint. 1, 1, 37.—

Neutr., to be hard, stern, callous, insensible (rare and not ante-Aug.):

ut non durat (pater) ultra poenam abdicationis,

Quint. 9, 2, 88:

in nullius umquam suorum necem duravit,

Tac. A. 1, 6; Petr. 105 fin.; cf.:

usque ad caedem ejus duratura filii odia,

Tac. A. 14, 1 fin.

ē-dūro, āre, 1, v. n. and a.

Neut., to last out, continue, endure (post-Aug. and very rare):

solis fulgor in ortus edurat,

Tac. G. 45:

ulla effigies litterarum,

Gell. 14, 1, 18.—

Act., to harden, Col. 11, 1, 7.

ex-cĭpĭo, cēpi, ceptum, 3, v. a. [capio].

(With the notion of the ex predominating.) To take or draw out.

Lit. (rarely): aliquem e mari, to draw out, fish out, Cic. Fragm. ap. Non. 293, 26 (Rep. 4, 8, 8 Baiter):

vidulum (e mari),

Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 140 sq.:

dens manu, forcipe,

Cels. 7, 12, 1:

telum (e vulnere),

id. 7, 5, 1:

clipeum cristasque rubentes Excipiam sorti,

to withdraw, exempt, Verg. A. 9, 271.—

Trop.

In gen.: servitute exceptus, withdrawn, i. e. rescued from slavery, Liv. 33, 23, 2:

nihil jam cupiditati, nihil libidini exceptum,

exempt, Tac. Agr. 15.—

In partic.

To except, make an exception of (freq. and class.):

hosce ego homines excipio et secerno libenter,

Cic. Cat. 4, 7, 15:

qui (Democritus) ita sit ausus ordiri: Haec loquor de universis. Nihil excipit, de quo non profiteatur,

id. Ac. 2, 23, 73; cf. id. ib. 2, 9, 28:

Lacedaemonii ipsi, cum omnia concedunt in amore juvenum praeter stuprum, tenui sane muro dissaepiunt id, quod excipiunt,

id. Rep. 4, 4:

senex talos elidi jussit conservis meis: sed me excepit,

Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 13.—With ne:

Licinia lex, quae non modo eum, qui, etc.... sed etiam collegas ejus, cognatos, affines excipit, ne eis ea potestas curatiove mandetur,

Cic. Agr. 2, 8, 21;

so in legal limitations,

id. ib. 2, 9, 24; id. Balb. 14, 32; see also exceptio.—With ut, Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 9, 26:

excepi de antiquis praeter Xenophanem neminem,

id. Div. 1, 39, 87:

ut in summis tuis laudibus excipiant unam iracundiam,

id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 13, 37:

dolia, in horreis defossa, si non sint nominatim in venditione excepta, etc.,

Dig. 18, 1, 76; so ib. 77.—In the abl. absol.:

omnium mihi videor, exceptis, Crasse, vobis duobus, eloquentissimos audisse Ti. et C. Sempronios,

you two excepted, Cic. de Or. 1, 9, 38; cf.:

vos hortor, ut ita virtutem locetis, ut eā exceptā nihil amicitia praestabilius esse putetis,

id. Lael. 27 fin.:

exceptā sapientiā,

id. ib. 6, 20. — Neutr. absol.:

excepto, quod non simul esses, cetera laetus,

Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 50:

excepto, si obscena nudis nominibus enuntientur,

Quint. 8, 3, 38; Pers. 5, 90; Aug. Serm. 17, 3; 46, 2.—Hence,

Jurid. t. t., said of the defendant, to except, to make a legal exception to the plaintiff's statement:

verum est, quod qui excipit, probare debeat, quod excipitur,

Dig. 22, 3, 9; so ib. 18:

adversus aliquem,

ib. 16, 1, 17 et saep.; cf. exceptio and the authorities there cited.—

In an oration, a law, etc., to express by name, to make particular mention of, to state expressly (rare, and perh. not anteAug.):

cum Graecos Italia pellerent, excepisse medicos,

Plin. 29, 1, 8, § 16: vites in tantum sublimes, ut vindemitor auctoratus rogum ac tumulum excipiat, expressly stipulates for (in case he should fall and break his neck), id. 14, 1, 3, § 10.

(With the notion of the verb predominating.) To take a thing to one's self (in a good or bad sense), to catch, capture, take, receive.

Lit.

In gen.:

sanguinem paterā,

Cic. Brut. 11, 43; cf. Col. 9, 15, 9:

e longinquo sucum,

Plin. 25, 7, 38, § 78:

labentem excepit,

Cic. Rab. Post. 16, 43: se in pedes, to take to one's feet, i. e. spring to the ground, Liv. 4, 19, 4:

filiorum extremum spiritum ore,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 45, § 118; cf.:

tunicis fluentibus auras,

Ov. A. A. 3, 301:

omnium tela,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 72, § 177; so,

tela,

Caes. B. G. 3, 5, 3:

vulnera,

Cic. Sest. 10, 23; cf.:

vulnus ore,

Quint. 6, 3, 75; and:

plagae genus in se,

Lucr. 2, 810:

o terram illam beatam, quae hunc virum exceperit!

Cic. Mil. 38, 105; cf.: hunc (Mithridatem) in timore et fuga Tigranes excepit, id de. Imp. Pomp. 9, 23:

aliquem benigno vultu,

Liv. 30, 14, 3; cf.

also: hic te polenta excipiet,

Sen. Ep. 21 med.:

aliquem epulis,

Tac. G. 21:

multos ex fuga dispersos excipiunt,

Caes. B. G. 6, 35, 6. alios vagos per hiberna milites excipiebant, Liv. 33, 29, 2: speculator, exceptus a juvenibus mulcatur, id. 40, 7, 4: cf. Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 23, 5:

servos in pabulatione,

Caes. B. G. 7, 20, 9:

incautum,

Verg. A. 3, 332:

(uri) mansuefieri ne parvuli quidem excepti possunt,

Caes. B. G. 6, 28, 4:

aprum latitantem,

Hor. C. 3, 12, 10:

caprum insidiis,

Verg. E. 3, 18:

fugientes feras,

Phaedr. 1, 11, 6:

aprum, feram venabulo,

Quint. 4, 2, 17; Sen. Prov. 2 et saep.—

Of inanimate subjects:

postero die patenti itinere Priaticus campus eos excepit,

received them, Liv. 38, 41, 8:

silva tum excepit ferum,

Phaedr. 1, 12, 9; Quint. 2, 12, 2. —

In partic.

To come next to, to follow after, succeed a thing:

linguam ad radices ejus haerens excipit stomachus,

Cic. N. D. 2, 54, 135: quinque milia passuum proxima intercedere itineris campestris;

inde excipere loca aspera et montuosa,

Caes. B. C. 1, 66 fin.:

alios alii deinceps,

id. B. G. 5, 16 fin. — Poet.:

porticus excipiebat Arcton,

i. e. was turned to the north, looked towards the north, Hor. C. 2, 15, 16.—

In medic. lang.: aliquid aliqua re, to take something in something, i. e. mixed with something:

quae (medicamenta) excipiuntur cerato ex rosa facto,

Cels. 5, 18, 20; 5, 25, 5; 6; 12 et saep.—

Trop.

In gen., to take or catch up, to intercept:

genus divinationis naturale, quod animus arripit aut excipit extrinsecus ex divinitate,

Cic. Div. 2, 11, 26; cf.:

posteaquam vidit, illum excepisse laudem ex eo, quod,

i. e. obtained, id. Att. 1, 14, 3: subire coëgit et excipere pericula, to take upon one's self, to receive, support, sustain (the figure being taken from the reception of an enemy's blows or shots), Cic. Prov. Cons. 9, 23; cf.:

Germani celeriter phalange facta impetus gladiorum exceperunt,

Caes. B. G. 1, 52, 4; so,

impetus,

id. B. C. 1, 58, 1:

vim frigorum hiememque,

Cic. Rab. Post. 15, 42:

labores magnos,

id. Brut. 69, 243 et saep.:

excipimus nova illa cum favore et sollicitudine,

receive, Quint. 10, 1, 15:

verba risu,

id. 1, 2, 7:

praecepta ad excipiendas hominum voluntates,

for taking captive, Cic. de Or. 2, 8, 32:

invidiam,

to draw upon one's self, Nep. Dat. 5, 2.—

Of inanim. or abstr. subjects:

quae (sublicae) cum omni opere conjunctae vim fluminis exciperent,

Caes. B. G. 4, 17, 9; 3, 13, 1:

quid reliquis accideret, qui quosque eventus exciperent,

i. e. would befall, overtake them, Caes. B. C. 1, 21 fin.; Verg. A. 3, 318; Liv. 1, 53, 4.—

In partic.

To catch with the ear, esp. eagerly or secretly, to catch up, listen to, overhear:

maledicto nihil facilius emittitur, nihil citius excipitur,

Cic. Planc. 23, 57; id. Sest. 48, 102:

assensu populi excepta vox consulis,

Liv. 8, 6, 7:

ad has excipiendas voces speculator missus,

id. 40, 7, 4; 2, 4, 5; 4, 30, 3:

laudem avidissimis auribus excipit,

Plin. Ep. 4, 19, 3:

notis quoque excipere velocissime solitum,

i. e. to write down in shorthand, Suet. Tit. 3:

rumores,

Cic. Deiot. 9, 25; cf.

voces,

Liv. 40, 7, 4:

sermonem eorum,

id. 2, 4, 5:

furtivas notas,

Ov. Am. 1, 4, 18.—

To follow after, to succeed a thing in time or the order of succession (cf. above, A. 2. a.):

tristem hiemem pestilens aestas excepit,

Liv. 5, 13, 4:

Herculis vitam et virtutem immortalitas excepisse dicitur,

Cic. Sest. 68, 143:

violis succedit rosa: rosam cyanus excipit, cyanum amarantus,

Plin. 21, 11, 39, § 68:

excipit Pompilium Numam Tullus Hostilius,

Flor. 1, 3, 1:

hunc (locutum) Labienus excepit,

Caes. B. C. 3, 87, 1.— Absol.:

turbulentior inde annus excepit,

succeeded, followed, Liv. 2, 61, 1; Caes. B. G. 7, 88, 2:

re cognita tantus luctus excepit, ut, etc.,

id. B. C. 2, 7, 3.—Hence,

Transf.: aliquid, to continue, prolong a thing:

memoriam illius viri excipient omnes anni consequentes,

Cic. de Sen. 6, 19; Liv. 38, 22, 3:

vices alicujus,

Just. 11, 5.— Poet. with inf., Sil. 13, 687.

ex-tendo, di, tum (also extensum, Cic. Ac. 2, 47, 145; Ov. A. A. 3, 302; Stat. Th. 6, 902 al.; cf. the forms extensio, extensor, etc.), 3, v. a., to stretch out, spread outextend (class.).

Lit.:

(vincla escaria) quam magis extendas, tanto astringunt artius,

Plaut. Men. 1, 1, 19: idem Crassus, Per tuas statuas cum dixit et extento bracchio paululum etiam de gestu addidit, vehementius risimus, Cic. de Or. 2, 59, 242;

for which: (Zeno) cum extensis digitis adversam manum ostenderet,

id. Ac. 2, 47, 145:

manum,

Quint. 11, 3, 119; cf. Cels. 7, 23 fin.:

cervicem,

Vell. 2, 70, 2: crura ad [p. 707] longitudinem, Plin. 10, 64, 84, § 183:

cutem,

to stretch out, smooth out, id. 32, 6, 21, § 65:

chartam malleo,

id. 13, 12, 26, § 82:

lineam,

id. 9, 59, 85, § 182:

capita tignorum,

Caes. B. C. 2, 9, 1:

cornua aciei,

Curt. 4, 13 fin.; cf.:

agmen ad mare,

id. 3, 9 fin.:

majores pennas nido,

Hor. Ep. 1, 20, 21:

extendit pectitque comas,

Juv. 6, 496: labellum, to stretch as in pouting, id. 14, 325:

gladios,

to forge, id. 15, 168.—Mid.:

jussit et extendi campos, subsidere valles,

to extend themselves, spread out, Ov. M. 1, 43:

ignis extenditur per campos,

spreads, Verg. A. 10, 407; and:

cum ad summum palum vitis extenta est,

Col. 4, 20, 3:

fusus humi totoque ingens extenditur antro,

stretches himself out, Verg. A. 6, 423.—Prov.: ire per extentum funem, to walk on a tight rope, i. e. to perform a very difficult feat, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 210 (Gr. epi schoiniou peripatein).

Trop., to extend, increase, enlarge, lengthen, spread.

In gen.:

epistolam,

Plin. Ep. 3, 5, 20:

agros (populus Rom. victor),

to extend, Hor. A. P. 208:

verba (opp. corripere),

Quint. 10, 1, 29:

perculit et multa moribundum extendit arenā,

stretched out, extended, Verg. A. 5, 374; 9, 589:

tam immodice epistulam extendi, ut, etc.,

Plin. Ep. 7, 9, 16; 3, 5, 20; 5, 15, 7:

famam factis,

Verg. A. 10, 468; cf.:

nomen in ultimas oras,

Hor. C. 3, 3, 45:

cupiditatem gloriae,

Liv. 28, 43, 5:

spem in Africam quoque,

id. 24, 48, 1:

artem suam per hanc successionem,

Petr. 140:

pretia usque eo extendens, ut, etc.,

Suet. Calig. 38:

extentis itineribus,

by forced marches, Liv. 30, 19, 1:

cursus,

to proceed, Verg. A. 12, 909:

partitionem ultra tres propositiones,

Quint. 4, 5, 3:

voluntatem suam ad ulteriores,

Dig. 32, 1, 33:

officium suum ad lapidum venditionem,

ib. 20, 4, 21:

cum se magnis itineribus extenderet,

i. e. was exerting himself, Caes. B. C. 3, 77 fin.:

se supra vires,

Liv. 34, 4, 15:

magis ille extenditur,

is excited, Juv. 11, 169.—

In partic., of time, to extend, prolong, continue; to spend, pass:

ab hora tertia cum ad noctem pugnam extendissent,

Liv. 27, 2, 6:

comissationes ad mediam noctem,

Suet. Tit. 7:

labores in horam quintam,

Mart. 4, 8, 3:

luctus suos,

Val. Max. 1, 1, 15:

curas venientem in annum,

extends his thoughts to the coming year, Verg. G. 2, 405:

tempus epularum,

Plin. Pan. 49, 5;

consulatum,

id. ib. 61, 6;

extento aevo vivere,

Hor. C. 2, 2, 5; Sil. 3, 95:

suam aetatem,

Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 26:

se ad centesimum annum, i. e. vitam,

Val. Max. 5, 2 ext. 4.— Hence,

extentus, a, um, P. a., extended, extensive, wide:

mare, fontes extentaque longe flumina,

Lucr. 1, 230 Lachm. N. cr. (al. externa):

stagna latius Lucrino lacu,

Hor. C. 2, 15, 3:

oculi,

wide open, Quint. 11, 3, 76:

sonus (lusciniae),

drawn out, prolonged, Plin. 10, 29, 43, § 82.— Sup.:

castra inter confragosa omnia praeruptaque quam extentissima potest valle locat,

Liv. 21, 32, 9 Drak. N. cr.:

spatia,

Sol. 52.— Adv.: ex-tente, widely; only comp.:

quadratus eminet stilus extentius,

Amm. 23, 4, 2 (dub.):

porrecto extentius brachio,

id. 18, 6, 13.—

extense, adv., at length, extensively (post-class.):

dominus extensius ista disponit,

Tert. Idol. 2.

haerĕo, haesi, haesum, 2, v. n. [etym. dub.], to hang or hold fast, to hang, stick, cleave, cling, adhere, be fixed, sit fast, remain close to any thing or in any manner (class. and very freq., esp. in the trop. sense; cf. pendeo); usually constr. with in, the simple abl. or absol., less freq. with dat., with ad, sub, ex, etc.

Lit.:

ut videamus, terra penitusne defixa sit, et quasi radicibus suis haereat, an media pendeat?

Cic. Ac. 2, 39, 122; so,

terra ima sede semper haeret,

id. Rep. 6, 18:

linguam ad radices ejus haerens excipit stomachus,

id. N. D. 2, 54, 135:

scalarum gradus male haerentes,

holding, adhering, id. Fam. 6, 7, 3; cf.:

haerent parietibus scalae,

Verg. A. 2, 442:

haerere in equo,

sit fast, keep his seat, Cic. Deiot. 10, 28;

for which: nescit equo rudis Haerere ingenuus puer,

Hor. C. 3, 24, 55:

male laxus In pede calceus haeret,

id. S. 1, 3, 32; cf. Quint. 11, 3, 144:

haeret nonnumquam telum illud occultum,

id. 9, 2, 75:

pugnus in mala haeret,

Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 17:

haesitque in corpore ferrum,

Verg. A. 11, 864;

for which: tergo volucres haesere sagittae,

id. ib. 12, 415; cf.:

scindat haerentem coronam crinibus,

Hor. C. 1, 17, 27; and:

haerentem capiti cum multa laude coronam,

id. S. 1, 10, 49:

carinae,

Ov. M. 8, 144:

alae,

id. ib. 12, 570:

(fames) utero haeret meo,

Plaut. Stich. 1, 3, 16:

haeret pede pes,

Verg. A. 10, 361:

ubi demisi retem atque hamum, quicquid haesit, extraho,

Plaut. Rud. 4, 3, 45; cf.:

os devoratum fauce cum haereret lupi,

Phaedr. 1, 8, 4; and:

graves currus illuvie et voraginibus haerebant,

Curt. 8, 4:

classis in vado haerebat,

id. 9, 19:

haerentes adverso litore naves,

Hor. S. 2, 3, 205:

gremioque in Jasonis haerens,

Ov. M. 7, 66; cf.:

haeret in complexu liberorum,

Quint. 6, 1, 42;

for which: Avidisque amplexibus haerent,

Ov. M. 7, 143;

cupide in Veneris compagibus haerent,

Lucr. 4, 1113;

for which: validis Veneris compagibus haerent,

id. 4, 1204; and:

(anulus) caecis in eo (lapide) compagibus haesit,

id. 6, 1016:

communibus inter se radicibus haerent,

id. 3, 325; 5, 554:

foliis sub omnibus haerent (Somnia),

Verg. A. 6, 284:

gladius intra vaginam suam haerens,

Quint. 8 praef. §

15: ipse inter media tela hostium evasit. Duo turmae haesere,

i. e. failed to break through, Liv. 29, 33, 7:

alii globo illati haerebant,

id. 22, 5, 5.—

Prov.

Haerere in luto, i. e. to be in trouble, difficulty:

tali in luto haerere,

Plaut. Pers. 4, 3, 66 (for [p. 838] which:

nunc homo in medio luto est,

id. Ps. 4, 2, 28); cf. haesito, I.—In salebra: proclivi currit oratio: venit ad extremum: haeret in salebra, runs aground, i. e. is at a loss, Cic. Fin. 5, 28, 84.—In a like sense,

Aqua haeret, the water (in the waterclock) stops; v. aqua.

Trop.

In gen., to hold fast, remain attached or fixed, to keep firm, adhere:

improbis semper aliqui scrupus in animis haereat,

Cic. Rep. 3, 16; cf.:

infixus animo haeret dolor,

id. Phil. 2, 26, 64:

haerent infixi pectore vultus,

Verg. A. 4, 4:

haerere in memoria,

Cic. Ac. 2, 1, 2; cf.:

quae mihi in visceribus haerent,

i. e. firmly impressed upon my heart, memory, id. Att. 6, 1, 8; and:

in medullis populi Romani ac visceribus haerere,

id. Phil. 1, 15, 36:

mihi haeres in medullis,

id. Fam. 15, 16, 2:

in omnium gentium sermonibus ac mentibus semper haerere,

id. Cat. 4, 10, 22:

hi in oculis haerebunt,

i. e. will be always present, id. Phil. 13, 3, 5:

in te omnis haeret culpa,

adheres, cleaves, Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 32:

ut peccatum haereat, non in eo, qui monuerit, sed in eo, qui non obtemperarit,

Cic. Div. 1, 16, 30.—With dat.:

potest hoc homini huic haerere peccatum?

Cic. Rosc. Com. 6, 17:

quod privatarum rerum dedecus non haeret infamiae (tuae)?

id. Cat. 1, 6, 13:

in quo (Caelio) crimen non haerebat,

id. Cael. 7, 15:

neque (possit) haerere in tam bona causa tam acerba injuria,

id. Fam. 6, 5, 2: cum ante illud facetum dictum emissum haerere debeat, quam cogitari potuisse videatur, must have hit (the figure being that of an arrow shot from the bow), id. de Or. 2, 54, 219: in quos incensos ira vitamque domini desperantes cum incidisset, haesit in iis poenis, quas, etc., fell into, incurred those penalties (the figure is that of a bird which is limed, caught), id. Mil. 21, 56:

nec dubie repetundarum criminibus haerebant,

Tac. A. 4, 19: in hoc flexu quasi aetatis fama adolescentis paulum haesit ad metas, hung back, was caught (the figure being taken from the race-course), Cic. Cael. 31, 75;

v. meta: neu quid medios intercinat actus, Quod non proposito conducat et haereat apte,

i. e. fits, suits, Hor. A. P. 195.—

In partic.

With the idea of nearness predominating, to keep near or close to a person, to join or attach one's self to, to follow (mostly poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

perfice hoc Precibus, pretio, ut haeream in parte aliqua tandem apud Thaidem,

may keep about her, Ter. Eun. 5, 9, 25; cf.:

ego illum audivi in amorem haerere apud nescio quam fidicinam,

Plaut. Ep. 2, 2, 7:

haeres ad latus, omnia experiris,

Cat. 21, 6:

Antorem comitem, qui missus ab Argis, Haeserat Evandro,

Verg. A. 10, 780:

obtinenti Africam comes haeserat,

Plin. Ep. 7, 27, 2; Quint. 1, 2, 10:

Curtius Nicia (grammaticus) haesit Cn. Pompeio et C. Memmio,

Suet. Gramm. 14.— Poet.:

haeremus cuncti superis, temploque tacente Nil facimus non sponte deo,

cling to, depend on, Luc. 9, 573.—Hence,

In a bad sense: in tergis, tergis, in tergo, to hang upon one's rear, i. e. to pursue closely:

haerebit in tergis fugientium victor,

Curt. 4, 15 fin.:

se cum exercitu tergis eorum haesurum,

Tac. H. 4, 19:

Haerens in tergo Romanus,

Liv. 1, 14 11 Weissenb. (better than terga, the lect. vulg.).—

With the idea of duration in time predominating, to remain fixed, to abide or continue anywhere, to keep at, stick to any thing (class.):

metui, ne haereret hic (Athenis),

Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 49:

in obsidione castelli exigui,

Curt. 5, 3, 4:

circa muros unius urbis,

id. 4, 4; cf.:

circa libidines,

Suet. Aug. 71: volitare in foro, haerere in jure ac praetorum tribulibus, to go loitering or dangling about, Cic. de Or. 1, 38, 173: et siccis vultus in nubibus haerent, hang upon, i. e. remain long looking at, Luc. 4, 331; cf.:

vultus, dum crederet, haesit,

id. 9, 1036:

haerere in eadem commorarique sententia,

Cic. Or. 40, 137; cf.:

mea ratio in dicendo haec esse solet, ut boni quod habeat, id amplectar, ibi habitem, ibi haeream,

id. de Or. 2, 72, 292:

quonam modo ille in bonis haerebit et habitabit suis?

id. Or. 15, 49:

equidem in libris haereo,

id. Att. 13, 40, 2; cf.:

valde in scribendo haereo,

id. ib. 13, 39, 2:

plurima sunt, nitidis maculam haesuram figentia rebus,

lasting, durable, Juv. 14, 2.—

With the idea of hindrance to free motion predominating, to stick fast, be brought to a stand-still, to be embarrassed, perplexed, at a loss, to hesitate, to be suspended or retarded (class.).

Of persons:

haerebat nebulo: quo se verteret, non habebat,

Cic. Phil. 2, 29, 74; cf.:

haerebat in tabulis publicis reus et accusator,

id. Clu. 31, 86:

cogitate in his iniquitatibus unum haesisse Apollonium: ceteros profecto multos ex his incommodis pecunia se liberasse,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 9, § 23:

in multis nominibus,

id. N. D. 3, 24, 62:

in media stultitia,

id. Tusc. 3, 28, 70; cf.:

isti physici raro admodum, cum haerent aliquo loco, exclamant, abstrusa esse omnia, etc.,

id. Ac. 2, 5, 14:

in quo etiam Democritus haeret,

id. Fin. 1, 6, 20:

at in altero illo, inquit, haeres. Immo habeo tibi gratiam. Haererem enim, nisi tu me expedisses,

id. Pis. 30, 74:

in ceteris subvenies, si me haerentem videbis,

id. Fin. 3, 4, 16:

quid machiner? quid comminiscar? haereo,

Plaut. Capt. 3, 3, 17; id. Merc. 3, 4, 15; 4, 3, 38; 24; cf.:

aut quia non firmus rectum defendis et haeres,

Hor. S. 2, 7, 26:

haesit circa formas litterarum (puer),

Quint. 1, 1, 21; cf. id. 1, 7, 35:

haeres et dubitas,

Juv. 3, 135; 6, 281.—

Of things:

nunc homo in lutost. Nomen nescit: haeret haec res,

i. e. is perplexing, cannot be explained, Plaut. Ps. 4, 2, 28; id. Amph. 2, 2, 182; id. Trin. 4, 2, 59; cf.: occisa est haec res;

haeret hoc negotium,

id. Ps. 1, 5, 8:

nec umquam tanta fuerit loquendi facultas, ut non titubet atque haereat, quotiens ab animo verba dissentiunt,

Quint. 12, 1, 29:

Hectoris Aeneaeque manu victoria Graiūm Haesit,

i. e. was retarded, Verg. A. 11, 290; cf.:

constitit hic bellum fortunaque Caesaris haesit,

Luc. 7, 547:

cum in hac difficultate rerum consilium haereret,

Liv. 26, 36, 1.

in-sisto, stĭti, 3, v. n., to set foot upon, to stand, tread, or press upon; constr. mostly with dat., also with in and abl. or acc., or the simple acc. (class.).

Lit.

In gen.

With dat.:

nec desunt villae quae secutae fluminis amoenitatem margini insistunt,

Plin. Ep. 8, 8, 6:

ut proximi jacentibus insisterent,

stepped upon them, Caes. B. G. 2, 27:

alternis pedibus,

Quint. 11, 3, 128:

volucres metuunt insistere ramis,

Luc. 3, 407:

vestigiis,

Liv. 25, 33 fin.:

huic (saxo) institerat frustra,

Ov. F. 5, 150:

plantis,

Juv. 6, 96:

clamoso circo,

occupy a place in, id. 9, 144.—

With in and abl.:

insistebat in manu Cereris dextra simulacrum Victoriae,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 49, § 110:

cingulus australis, in quo qui insistunt,

id. Rep. 6, 20:

in jugo,

Caes. B. G. 4, 33:

ipse non insistere in terra poterat,

Curt. 7, 7, 6.—

With in and acc.:

in sinistrum pedem,

Quint. 11, 3, 125; cf.:

corvus repente super galeam insistit,

lights, Gell. 9, 11, 7.—

With the simple acc.:

plantam,

Plaut. Cas. 4, 4, 21:

limen,

to step upon, to tread the threshold, Verg. A. 6, 563:

vestigia nuda sinistri pedis,

id. ib. 7, 690:

primis infans vestigia plantis,

id. ib. 11, 574:

cineres,

Hor. Epod. 16, 11.—

Esp.

To enter on or pursue a way, path, or journey:

cum semel institerunt vestigia certa viaï,

Lucr. 1, 407:

huc an illuc iter,

Plaut. Cist. 4, 2, 11:

omnes itinera insistant sua,

id. Capt. 4, 2, 14:

quam insistam viam,

Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 3; id. Phorm. 1, 4, 14; Liv. 37, 7, 8.—

In hostile sense, to follow, pursue, press on; with dat.:

effusis hostibus,

Liv. 26, 44, 4:

fugientibus,

id. 27, 13, 4:

contenti non institere cedentibus,

Curt. 8, 11, 18; Nep. Eum. 4.— Pass. impers.:

ut fracto jam Maroboduo, usque in exitium insisteretur,

Tac. A. 2, 62.—

Trop.

In gen., to follow, pursue.

With acc.:

viam domandi,

Verg. G. 3, 164:

rationem pugnae,

plan, Caes. B. G. 3, 14, 3.—

With dat.:

vestigiis laudum suarum,

Liv. 5, 30, 2:

honoribus,

Plin. Ep. 4, 8, 4.—

Esp.

To follow up, pursue an object or enterprise; to press vigorously, apply one ' s self to:

in dolos,

Plaut. Mil. 2, 4, 4:

totus et mente et animo in bellum,

Caes. B. G. 6, 5. — With acc.:

hoc negotium,

Plaut. Mil. 3, 3, 54:

manus,

Cic. de Or. 3, 45, 176.—With dat.:

rebus magnis,

Tib. 4, 1, 135:

perdomandae Campaniae,

Tac. H. 3, 77.—

To set about, devote one's self to, to begin with zeal; with inf.: tribuni orare dictatorem insistunt, ut, etc., Liv. 8, 35, 2:

Appium institit sequi,

id. 25, 19, 8; 24, 26, 11; 24, 46, 1; cf.:

postero die ad spolia legenda foedamque spectandam stragem insistunt,

id. 22, 51, 5:

flagitare senatus institit Coruntum, ut,

Cic. Fam. 10, 16, 1. — Absol.:

sic institit ore,

i. e. began to speak, Verg. A. 12, 47; cf.:

sic insistit secumque corde volutat,

i. e. to reflect, think, id. ib. 4, 533.—

To persevere, continue, persist in; with inf.:

credere,

Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 53:

tueri,

Nep. Att. 11.—With dat.:

sin crudelitati insisteret,

Tac. A. 16, 25:

spei,

id. H. 2, 46:

caedibus,

id. A. 2, 21:

studiis,

to pursue diligently, Quint. 1, 12, 10:

obsidioni,

Curt. 7, 6, 23:

curae rerum,

Plin. 28, 1, 1, § 2:

funeri,

to set forward, id. 7, 52, 53, § 177. — Absol.:

importune,

to persist, Cic. Ac. 2, 25, 80; Tac. A. 4, 60.—

To press upon, urge; with dat.:

atriensibus ut supellectilem exponant,

Col. 12, 3, 9:

id bellum ipsis institit moenibus,

was at, Liv. 2, 51, 2.— Absol.:

dilataque tempora taedae Institerant,

were at hand, Ov. M. 9, 769:

institit quantum potuit ut illum ex eorum manibus liberaret,

urged, insisted, Aug. in Psa. 63, 4. —

To press upon, repress; and hence, to halt, pause, stop, stand still:

stellarum motus insistunt,

Cic. N. D. 2, 40, 103:

ut non referat pedem, insistet certe,

id. Phil. 12, 3, 8; Tac. A. 4, 60:

quae cum dixisset paulumque institisset,

Cic. Fin. 5, 25, 75; id. Or. 56, 187:

saepe accidit, ut aut citius insistendum sit, aut longius procedendum,

id. ib. 66, 221; so, to pause in thought, hesitate, doubt:

ille in reliquis rebus non poterit eodem modo insistere?

Cic. Ac. 2, 33, 107; 2, 29, 94.—

To dwell upon, delay at, treat or consider at length:

ut si singulis insistere velim, progredi iste non possit,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 74, § 172:

insistendum ei (arbori) paulum,

Plin. 13, 16, 30, § 100:

profuit adsidue vitiis insistere amicae,

Ov. R. Am. 315.

in-vĕtĕrasco, rāvi, 3, v. n. inch. (in the form inveteresco, Inscr. ap. Att. dell' Acad. Rom. Archeol. 2, p. 46, n. 17), to grow old, to become fixed or established, to continue long (class.).

Lit.: quibus quisque in locis miles inveteravit, Caes. B. C. 1, 44:

equites, qui inveteraverant Alexah. driae bellis,

id. ib. 3, 10:

populi R. exercitum hiemare atque inveterascere in Gallia moleste ferebant,

to settle, establish themselves, id. B. G. 2, 1:

aes alienum inveterascit,

Nep. Att. 2:

res nostrae litterarum monumentis inveterascent et corroborabuntur,

Cic. Cat. 3, 11, 26.—In perf., Plin. 12, 12, 26, § 44.—Of wine, to ripen, age, Plin. 23, 1, 23, § 44.—

Transf., to become fixed, inveterate:

ut hanc inveterascere consuetudinem nolint,

Caes. B. G. 5, 40:

quae (macula) penitus insedit atque inveteravit in populi Romani nomine,

Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 3, 7:

inveteravit opinio perniciosa rei publicae,

id. Verr. 41, 1:

verbi significatio falsa,

became fixed in use, Gell. 1, 22, 1:

ulcus alendo,

Lucr. 4, 1068:

si malum inveteravit,

Cels. 3, 13:

intellego, in nostra civitate inveterasse, ut, etc.,

it has grown into use, become a custom, Cic. Off. 2, 16, 57; cf.:

si inveterarit, actum est,

id. Fam. 14, 3, 3.—

To grow old, decay, grow weak or feeble, become obsolete (post-Aug.):

inveterascet hoc quoque,

Tac. A. 11, 24:

inter amicos,

Vulg. Psa. 6, 18:

ossa mea,

id. ib. 31, 3:

vestimenta,

id. 2 Esdr. 9, 21.

jungo, nxi, nctum, 3, v. a. [Sanscr. jug, junagmi, to unite; juk, joined; Goth. juk; O. H. Germ. joh, joch; Gr. zug, zeugnumi, zugos, zugon], to join or unite together, connect, attach, fasten, yoke, harness.

Lit.

In gen.

With acc.:

Narcissum et florem anethi,

Verg. E. 2, 48:

pontes et propugnacula,

id. A. 9, 170:

nemoris carentia sensu robora,

Claud. B. G. 17:

gradus,

to close the ranks, Sil. 4, 372:

montes,

to heap up, Val. Fl. 1, 198:

ostia,

to shut, Juv. 9, 105; cf.:

junctas quatere fenestras,

Hor. C. 1, 25, 1:

oscula,

to exchange, Ov. M. 2, 357; cf. id. Am. 2, 5, 59; Petr. 67:

da jungere dextram,

to clasp, Verg. A. 6, 697:

cur dextrae jungere dextram non datur,

id. ib. 1, 408; cf.:

quas junximus hospitio dextras,

id. ib. 3, 83;

11, 165: duos sinus,

Plin. 5, 29, 31, § 116:

juncto ponte milites transmittit,

Tac. A. 1, 49.—So with abl. of means or manner:

Ticinum ponte,

to span, Liv. 21, 45, 1:

amnem ponte,

Plin. 5, 24, 21, § 86:

ratibus flumen,

to bridge, Liv. 21, 47, 2; cf.:

qui biduo vix locum rate jungendo flumini inventum tradunt,

id. 21, 47, 6:

eo omnia vallo et fossa,

id. 38, 4, 6:

plumbum nigrum albo,

Plin. 33, 5, 30, § 94; cf.:

nam calamus cera jungitur,

Tib. 2, 5, 32:

illos defendit numerus junctaeque umbone phalanges,

Juv. 2, 46:

erga juncta est mihi foedere dextra,

Verg. A. 8, 169:

Pompei acies junxerat in seriem nexis umbonibus arma,

Luc. 7, 453. —

With dat. of indir. object:

hoc opus ad turrim hostium admovent, ut aedificio jungatur,

Caes. B. C. 2, 10 fin.:

humano capiti cervicem equinam,

Hor. A. P. 2:

mortua corpora vivis,

Verg. A. 8, 485; cf.:

his tignis contraria duo juncta,

Caes. B. G. 3, 17, 5:

se Romanis,

Liv. 24, 49, 1:

exercitum sibi,

Vell. 2, 80, 1:

socia arma Rutulis,

Liv. 1, 2, 3:

victores Germani juncturi se Pannoniis,

Suet. Tib. 17:

cervicem meam amplexui,

Petr. 86 dub. (Büch., vinxit amplexu):

dextra dextrae jungitur,

Ov. M. 6, 447; cf. Verg. A. 1, 408 supra:

aeri aes plumbo fit uti jungatur ab albo,

Lucr. 6, 1079:

juncta est vena arteriis,

Cels. 2, 10:

Comius incensum calcaribus equum jungit equo Quadrati,

drives against, Hirt. B. C. 8, 48.—

With inter se:

tigna bina inter se,

Caes. B. G. 3, 17, 3:

maxime autem corpora inter se juncta permanent, cum, etc.,

Cic. N. D. 2, 45, 115:

disparibus calamis inter se junctis,

Ov. M. 1, 712:

saltus duo alti inter se juncti,

Liv. 9, 2, 7.—

With cum:

cum Bruto Cassioque vires suas,

Vell. 2, 65, 1:

legiones se cum Caesare juncturae,

id. 2, 110, 1:

erat cum pede pes junctus,

Ov. M. 9, 44:

lecto mecum junctus in uno,

id. H. 13, 117:

digitis medio cum pollice junctis,

id. F. 5, 433:

lingua cum subjecta parte juncta est,

Cels. 7, 12, 4.—

Esp.

To harness, yoke, attach.

Of animals: angues ingentes alites juncti jugo, Pac. ap. Cic. Inv. 1, 19, 27 (Trag. v. 397 Rib.):

junge pares,

i. e. in pairs, Verg. G. 3, 169; Grat. Cyneg. 263:

nec jungere tauros norant,

Verg. A. 8, 316:

currus et quatuor equos,

id. G. 3, 114:

grypes equis,

id. E. 8, 27 Forbig.:

curru jungit Halaesus Equos,

id. A. 7, 724:

leones ad currum,

Plin. 8, 16, 21, § 54:

mulis e proximo pistrino ad vehiculum junctis,

Suet. Caes. 31.—

Of a vehicle (rare):

reda equis juncta,

Cic. Att. 6, 1, 25:

neve (mulier) juncto vehiculo veheretur,

Liv. 34, 1, 3:

juncta vehicula, pleraque onusta, mille admodum capiuntur,

id. 42, 65, 3. —

Of wounds, etc., to join, bring together, unite, heal:

ego vulnera doctum jungere Etiona petam,

Stat. Th. 10, 733:

parotidas suppuratas,

Scrib. Comp. 206:

oras (tumoris),

Cels. 7, 17, 1:

oras vulneris,

id. 5, 4, 23 al. —

Of lands, territories, etc.:

juncta pharetratis Sarmatis ora Getis,

adjoining, Ov. Tr. 4, 10, 110; cf.:

juncta Aquilonibus Arctos,

id. M. 2, 132:

quibus (campis) junctae paludes erant,

Front. Strat. 2, 5, 6; Vell. 2, 110, 4:

fundos Apuliae,

to add, join to, Petr. 77:

longos jungere fines agrorum,

Luc. 1, 167.—

To connect in time, cause to follow immediately:

cum diei noctem pervigilem junxisset,

Just. 12, 13, 7:

somnum morti,

Petr. 79:

vidit hic annus Ventidium consularem praetextam jungentem praetoriae,

Vell. 2, 65, 3:

nulla natio tam mature consino belli bellum junxit,

id. 2, 110, 5:

junge, puer, cyathos, atque enumerare labora,

Stat. S. 1, 5, 10:

laborem difficilius est repetere quam jungere,

to resume than to continue, Plin. Ep. 4, 9, 10.—So of pronunciation:

si jungas (opp. interpunctis quibusdam),

Quint. 9, 4, 108.—

Milit. t. t., of troops, an army, etc., to join, unite:

cum juncti essent,

Liv. 25, 35; 25, 37:

exercitum Pompei sibi,

Vell. 2, 80, 1:

junctis exercitious,

Vell. 2, 113, 1:

cum collegae se junxisset,

Front. Strat. 1, 1, 9; so,

exercitum,

id. ib. 1, 2, 9:

Ajacem naves suas Atheniensibus junxisse,

Quint. 5, 11, 40.—

To add, give in addition:

commoda praeterea jungentur multa caducis,

Juv. 9, 89.—

In mal. part.:

corpora,

Ov. M. 10, 464:

turpia corpora,

id. H. 9, 134: tu mihi juncta toro, id. F. 3, 511; id. R. Am. 408:

si jungitur ulla Ursidio,

Juv. 6, 41; 6, 448; cf.

Venerem,

Tib. 1, 9, 76; Ov. H. 353; id. R. Am. 407.

Transf.

In gen., of abstract things, to bring together, join, unite:

cum hominibus nostris consuetudines, amicitias, res rationesque jungebat,

Cic. Deiot. 9, 27:

omnem naturam, quae non solitaria sit... sed cum alio juncta atque conexa, etc.,

id. N. D. 2, 11, 29:

an virtus et voluptas inter se jungi copularique possint,

id. de Or. 1, 51, 122:

sapientiam junctam habere eloquentiae,

id. ib. 3, 35, 142:

indignationem conquestioni,

id. Inv. 2, 11, 36:

insignis improbitas et scelere juncta,

id. de Or. 2, 58, 237:

plura crimina junguntur,

are combined, Quint. 4, 4, 5.—

Esp.

Of persons, to join, unite, bring together, associate, in love, marriage, relationship, etc.:

cum impari,

Liv. 1, 46:

cum pare,

Ov. F. 4, 98:

alicujus filiam secum matrimonio,

Curt. 5, 3, 12:

si tibi legitimis pactam junctamque tabellis non es amaturus,

Juv. 6, 200:

juncta puella viro,

Ov. A. A. 1, 682; id. Tr. 2, 284. —Of animals, etc.:

Appulis jungentur capreae lupis,

Hor. C. 1, 33, 8:

variis albae junguntur columbac,

Ov. H. 15, 37:

unaque nos sibi operā amicos junget,

Ter. Hec. 5, 2, 32:

ut quos certus amor junxit,

Ov. M. 4, 156:

amicos,

Hor. S. 1, 3, 54:

Geminum mecum tua in me beneficia junxerunt,

Plin. Ep. 10, 26, 1:

puer puero junctus amicitia,

Ov. P. 4, 3, 12.—Esp., of a treaty, alliance, etc.:

si populus Romanus foedere jungeretur regi,

Liv. 26, 24; Just. 15, 4, 24. —

Of things, to make by joining, enter into:

pacem cum Aenea, deinde adfinitatem,

Liv. 1, 1:

nova foedera,

id. 7, 30:

cum Hispanis amicitiam,

Just. 43, 5, 3:

societatem cum eo metu potentiae ejus,

id. 22, 2, 6:

foedus cum eo amicitiamque,

Liv. 24, 48; 23, 33:

juncta societas Hannibali,

id. 24, 6:

foedera,

id. 7, 30:

jungendae societatis gratia,

Just. 20, 4, 2.—

Of words, etc., to join, unite.

Esp., gram. t. t.: verba jungere, to make by joining, to compound:

jungitur verbum ex corrupto et integro, ut malevolus,

Quint. 1, 5, 68:

in jungendo aut in derivando,

id. 8, 3, 31; so,

juncta verba,

Cic. Or. 56, 186; id. Part. Or. 15, 53.—

To connect so as to sound agreeably:

quantum interest... verba eadem qua compositione vel in textu jungantur vel in fine claudantur,

Quint. 9, 4, 15.—Hence, P. a.: junc-tus, a, um, joined, united, connected, associated:

in opere male juncto,

Quint. 12, 9, 17.— Comp.:

causa fuit propior et cum exitu junctior,

Cic. Fat. 16, 36.— Sup.:

junctissimus illi comes,

most attached, Ov. M. 5, 69:

principum prosperis et alii fruantur: adversae ad junctissimos pertineant,

their nearest of kin, Tac. H. 4, 52.

ob-tĭnĕo ( opt-), tĭnŭi, tentum, 2 (old perf. OPTENVI, fifth Epit. of the Scipios; inf. pass. obtinerier, Plaut. Am. 3, 2, 19; id. Most. 3, 2, 154), v. a. and n. [teneo].

Act. *

To take hold of, hold:

obtine aures, amabo,

Plaut. Cas. 3, 5, 16.—

To hold, have, occupy, possess; to preserve, keep, maintain, etc. (class.).

In gen.: sancte Apollo, qui umbilicum certum terrarum obtines, Poët. ap. Cic. Div. 2, 56, 115 (Trag. Rel. p. 201 Rib.):

suam quisque domum tum obtinebat,

Cic. Phil. 2, 19, 48:

armis Galliam atque Italiam,

Liv. 30, 19:

cum imperio Hispaniam citeriorem,

to have as his province, to be governor in it, Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 2:

Galliam et Italiam,

Liv. 30, 19:

Africam,

Nep. Timol. 2, 4; cf.:

ex quā insulā nummus nullus, me obtinente, erogabitur,

during my administration, Cic. Att. 5, 21, 7: QVEI AERARIVM PROVINCIAM OBTINEBIT, who will have the administration of the public treasure, Lex Thor. § 20 Rudorff. p. 168;

Lex de Scribis ap. Haubold, p. 85: necessitudinem cum publicanis,

Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 12, § 35:

vitam et famam,

to preserve, id. Rosc. Am. 17, 49:

auctoritatem suam,

to maintain, id. ib. 48, 139:

principatum,

Caes. B. G. 1, 3:

regnum,

id. ib. 1, 7:

jus,

to assert, maintain, Tac. A. 1, 32:

causam,

Caes. B. G. 7, 37, 4:

noctem insequentem eadem caligo obtinuit,

occupied, took up, prevailed during, Liv. 29, 27:

quae (fama) plerosque obtinet,

Sall. J. 17, 7:

proverbii locum obtinet,

i. e. is become proverbial, Cic. Tusc. 4, 16, 36:

parentis gravitatem,

id. Sull. 6, 19:

numerum deorum,

to be numbered among, id. N. D. 3, 20, 51; so,

aliquem numerum,

id. Brut. 47, 175; cf. id. Off. 2, 12, 43: summam opinionem [p. 1247] m scholis, Quint. 10, 5, 18:

admirationem,

to be admired, Plin. 34, 2, 2, § 2:

patriae nomen,

id. 15, 18, 19, § 69:

firmitudinem animi,

i. e. exhibited, Plaut. As. 2, 2, 54:

pontem,

would not yield, Liv. 2, 10:

silentiam,

to maintain, id. 1, 16.—With inf., to persist in:

earumque artem et disciplinam obtineat colere,

Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 30.—

In partic., of speech, to assert, maintain, i. e. to show, prove, demonstrate:

possumus hoc teste... quod dicimus, obtinere?

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 71, § 168:

duas contrarias sententias,

id. Fin. 4, 28, 78:

diu pugnare in iis, quae obtinere non possis,

Quint. 6, 4, 15:

recta apud turpes,

id. 3, 8, 38:

quaedam (leges) an obtineri possint,

id. 2, 4, 39; 6, 1, 7:

quod orator praecipue sibi obtinendum intellegit,

id. 3, 6, 9 Spald. N. cr. (al. proponendum); cf. id. 12, 10, 53:

si defecerint omnia, tum videndum erit, an obtineri possit, ne illud quidem recte factum,

id. 5, 13, 24; 2, 5, 18.—

To get possession of; to gain, acquire, obtain something (syn.: assequor, adipiscor, impetro;

class.): quanta instrumenta habeat (homo) ad obtinendam adipiscendamque sapientiam,

Cic. Leg. 1, 22, 59:

impetrare et obtinere,

Gell. 12, 14, 6; Cic. Fam. 1, 8, 5:

malas causas semper obtinuit, in optimā concidit,

gained, id. Att. 7, 25, 1; cf. id. Rosc. Com. 4, 10:

jus suum contra aliquem,

id. Quint. 9, 34:

Romani si rem obtinuerint,

if they gained the victory, Caes. B. G. 7, 85: voluimus quaedam;

obtenta non sunt,

Cic. Balb. 27, 61:

apud eum causam obtinuit,

Caes. B. G. 7, 37:

aditu regis obtento,

Just. 21, 6, 5.—Hence, to conquer, overcome (eccl. Lat.):

melius est ut pugnemus contra eos in campestribus, et obtinebimus eos,

Vulg. 3 Reg. 20, 23; 20, 25; id. Judith, 1, 5.—

Neutr. (cf. teneo, II.), to maintain itself; to hold, prevail, last, stand, continue, obtain (not in Cic.):

quod et plures tradidere auctores et fama obtinuit,

Liv. 21, 46, 10; cf. with a subject-clause: pro vero antea obtinebat, regna atque imperia Fortunam dono dare, Sall. Rep. Ordin. init.:

non ipsos quoque fuisse pastores obtinebit, quod? etc.,

Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 9:

si dissentirent, sententia plurium obtineret,

would prevail, Dig. 42, 1, 36:

quod merito obtinuit,

ib. 2, 4, 4.— Absol.:

obtinuit (sc. consuetudo),

Dig. 1, 13, 1.—With de: quia de intercalando non obtinuerat, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 6, 5.—With ut or ne:

his obtinuit, ut praeferretur candidato,

Liv. 35, 10; Suet. Claud. 41:

obtinuit, ne reus fieret,

id. Caes. 23.—With quin, Suet. Tib. 31.

ob-tĭnĕo ( opt-), tĭnŭi, tentum, 2 (old perf. OPTENVI, fifth Epit. of the Scipios; inf. pass. obtinerier, Plaut. Am. 3, 2, 19; id. Most. 3, 2, 154), v. a. and n. [teneo].

Act. *

To take hold of, hold:

obtine aures, amabo,

Plaut. Cas. 3, 5, 16.—

To hold, have, occupy, possess; to preserve, keep, maintain, etc. (class.).

In gen.: sancte Apollo, qui umbilicum certum terrarum obtines, Poët. ap. Cic. Div. 2, 56, 115 (Trag. Rel. p. 201 Rib.):

suam quisque domum tum obtinebat,

Cic. Phil. 2, 19, 48:

armis Galliam atque Italiam,

Liv. 30, 19:

cum imperio Hispaniam citeriorem,

to have as his province, to be governor in it, Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 2:

Galliam et Italiam,

Liv. 30, 19:

Africam,

Nep. Timol. 2, 4; cf.:

ex quā insulā nummus nullus, me obtinente, erogabitur,

during my administration, Cic. Att. 5, 21, 7: QVEI AERARIVM PROVINCIAM OBTINEBIT, who will have the administration of the public treasure, Lex Thor. § 20 Rudorff. p. 168;

Lex de Scribis ap. Haubold, p. 85: necessitudinem cum publicanis,

Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 12, § 35:

vitam et famam,

to preserve, id. Rosc. Am. 17, 49:

auctoritatem suam,

to maintain, id. ib. 48, 139:

principatum,

Caes. B. G. 1, 3:

regnum,

id. ib. 1, 7:

jus,

to assert, maintain, Tac. A. 1, 32:

causam,

Caes. B. G. 7, 37, 4:

noctem insequentem eadem caligo obtinuit,

occupied, took up, prevailed during, Liv. 29, 27:

quae (fama) plerosque obtinet,

Sall. J. 17, 7:

proverbii locum obtinet,

i. e. is become proverbial, Cic. Tusc. 4, 16, 36:

parentis gravitatem,

id. Sull. 6, 19:

numerum deorum,

to be numbered among, id. N. D. 3, 20, 51; so,

aliquem numerum,

id. Brut. 47, 175; cf. id. Off. 2, 12, 43: summam opinionem [p. 1247] m scholis, Quint. 10, 5, 18:

admirationem,

to be admired, Plin. 34, 2, 2, § 2:

patriae nomen,

id. 15, 18, 19, § 69:

firmitudinem animi,

i. e. exhibited, Plaut. As. 2, 2, 54:

pontem,

would not yield, Liv. 2, 10:

silentiam,

to maintain, id. 1, 16.—With inf., to persist in:

earumque artem et disciplinam obtineat colere,

Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 30.—

In partic., of speech, to assert, maintain, i. e. to show, prove, demonstrate:

possumus hoc teste... quod dicimus, obtinere?

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 71, § 168:

duas contrarias sententias,

id. Fin. 4, 28, 78:

diu pugnare in iis, quae obtinere non possis,

Quint. 6, 4, 15:

recta apud turpes,

id. 3, 8, 38:

quaedam (leges) an obtineri possint,

id. 2, 4, 39; 6, 1, 7:

quod orator praecipue sibi obtinendum intellegit,

id. 3, 6, 9 Spald. N. cr. (al. proponendum); cf. id. 12, 10, 53:

si defecerint omnia, tum videndum erit, an obtineri possit, ne illud quidem recte factum,

id. 5, 13, 24; 2, 5, 18.—

To get possession of; to gain, acquire, obtain something (syn.: assequor, adipiscor, impetro;

class.): quanta instrumenta habeat (homo) ad obtinendam adipiscendamque sapientiam,

Cic. Leg. 1, 22, 59:

impetrare et obtinere,

Gell. 12, 14, 6; Cic. Fam. 1, 8, 5:

malas causas semper obtinuit, in optimā concidit,

gained, id. Att. 7, 25, 1; cf. id. Rosc. Com. 4, 10:

jus suum contra aliquem,

id. Quint. 9, 34:

Romani si rem obtinuerint,

if they gained the victory, Caes. B. G. 7, 85: voluimus quaedam;

obtenta non sunt,

Cic. Balb. 27, 61:

apud eum causam obtinuit,

Caes. B. G. 7, 37:

aditu regis obtento,

Just. 21, 6, 5.—Hence, to conquer, overcome (eccl. Lat.):

melius est ut pugnemus contra eos in campestribus, et obtinebimus eos,

Vulg. 3 Reg. 20, 23; 20, 25; id. Judith, 1, 5.—

Neutr. (cf. teneo, II.), to maintain itself; to hold, prevail, last, stand, continue, obtain (not in Cic.):

quod et plures tradidere auctores et fama obtinuit,

Liv. 21, 46, 10; cf. with a subject-clause: pro vero antea obtinebat, regna atque imperia Fortunam dono dare, Sall. Rep. Ordin. init.:

non ipsos quoque fuisse pastores obtinebit, quod? etc.,

Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 9:

si dissentirent, sententia plurium obtineret,

would prevail, Dig. 42, 1, 36:

quod merito obtinuit,

ib. 2, 4, 4.— Absol.:

obtinuit (sc. consuetudo),

Dig. 1, 13, 1.—With de: quia de intercalando non obtinuerat, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 6, 5.—With ut or ne:

his obtinuit, ut praeferretur candidato,

Liv. 35, 10; Suet. Claud. 41:

obtinuit, ne reus fieret,

id. Caes. 23.—With quin, Suet. Tib. 31.

pĕr-ăgo, ēgi, actum ( inf. paragier, Cato, Orig. 7, p. 1), 3, v. a.

To thrust through, pierce through, transfix (only poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

Theseus latus ense peregit,

transpierced, Ov. H. 4, 119:

aliquem ardenti quercu,

Val. Fl. 1, 146; cf.:

externa peragi dextrā,

Sil. 11, 364.—Hence, transf., to kill, slay, Mart. 5, 37, 16.—

To pass through, traverse:

freta,

Ov. H. 15, 65:

cum sol duodena peregit Signa,

id. M. 13, 618.—

To drive about, harass, disturb, disquiet, agitate, annoy a person or thing (very rare):

pecora peragens asilus,

Sen. Ep. 58, 2: totum Sempronium usque eo perago, ut, etc., Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 8, 1.—

To carry through, go through with, execute, finish, accomplish, complete, etc.

In gen. (class.;

syn.: exsequor, conficio, patro): multum egerunt, qui ante nos fuerunt, sed non peregerunt,

Sen. Ep. 64, 8: carmen tubā solā peregit, Enn. ap. Lact. ad Stat. Th. 11, 56 (Ann. v. 508 Vahl.):

fabulam,

Cic. Sen. 19, 70; cf. id. ib. 18, 64 (and v. peractio):

comitia,

id. N. D. 2, 4, 10:

concilium,

Caes. B. G. 6, 4:

partes suas,

Plin. Ep. 7, 33, 5:

conata,

Juv. 13. 210:

inceptum,

Verg. A. 4, 452:

cursum,

id. ib. 4, 653; cf.:

coeptum iter,

Ov. F. 1, 188:

dona,

to finish distributing, Verg. A. 5, 362: mandata, Ov. M. 7, 502:

aetatem, vitam, aevum,

id. Tr. 4, 8, 13; 41; id. M. 15, 485:

facinus,

Juv. 6, 640; also, to exhaust:

quot viros,

Auct. Priap. 34.— Absol., = diagein, to pass one's life, Pers. 5, 138.— Pass. impers.:

Quis non peractum esse cum Pompeio crederet?

that the war with Pompey is ended, Flor. 4, 2, 53.—

In partic., in jurid. Lat.:

reum,

to continue a prosecution till the defendant is condemned, Liv. 4, 42; Plin. Ep. 3, 9, 4; Ov. P. 4, 6, 30; Val. Max. 6, 2, 4:

accusationem,

to prosecute to the end, Plin. Ep. 6, 31, 6:

receptus est reus, neque peractus, ob mortem opportunam,

Tac. A. 4, 21.—

In gen., to work, or work up any thing.

Lit.:

humum,

to till, cultivate, Ov. F. 4, 693:

cibum,

to digest, Plin. 9, 60, 86, § 183. —

Trop., to go through, go over, to relate, describe, detail, state:

legatus peragit deinde postulata...Haec paucis verbis carminis concipiendique jurisjurandi mutatis peragit,

Liv. 1, 32, 6 sq.:

verbis auspicia,

to mention, id. 1, 18 fin.:

res pace belloque gestas,

to describe, treat of, id. 2, 1:

dum perago tecum pauca,

Ov. Am. 2, 2, 2:

res tenues, tenui sermone peractas,

delivered, Hor. S. 2, 4, 9.

per-dūco, xi, ctum, 3 ( imper. perduce for perduc, Ser. Samm. 40, 754), v. a., lit., to lead or bring through; hence,

To lead, bring, conduct, guide a person or thing to any place.

In gen. (class.):

filium illuc,

Ter. And. 1, 1, 53:

legiones ad aliquem,

Cic. Fam. 12, 19, 2:

comprehensos eos ad Caesarem perduxerunt,

Caes. B. G. 7, 13; cf. id. B. C. 3, 28:

legionem in Allobrogas,

id. B. G. 3, 6:

Cyrum ad angustias,

Just. 1, 8, 10:

nautas ad aequora,

Luc. 2, 362:

ad Sullam,

Suet. Caes. 74:

in theatrum,

id. Ner. 13:

aliquem in conspectum alicujus,

id. Tib. 65:

bovem errantem ad stabula,

Verg. E. 6, 60:

tauros ad sacrificium,

Amm. 24, 6.—

In partic.

To draw over, bring over a woman to the acceptance of a lover:

huc Tertia perducta est,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 12, § 31; Suet. Tib. 45; id. Calig. 25; id. Vesp. 22; Hor. S. 2, 5, 77; Ov. Am. 3, 12, 11; Lact. 6, 17.—

To bring, carry, lead, conduct to a place;

of buildings, ditches, water (esp. freq. in Front.): a lacu Lemano ad montem Juram murum perducit,

Caes. B. G. 1, 8:

munitiones ex castellis,

id. B. C. 3, 44:

porticum,

Liv. 35, 10:

longum opus,

Luc. 3, 384:

Appia (aqua) perducta est,

Front. Aquaed. 6; cf.:

tum duumviri aquae perducendae creati sunt,

id. ib. 6; and:

aquas in urbem perducere,

id. ib. 7; so,

Anionem in Capitolium,

id. ib. 7:

virginem in agro Lucullano collectam Romam,

id. ib. 10;

13 et saep.: navigabilem alveum ex portu in Nilum,

Plin. 6, 29, 33, § 165.—

Of money, to deliver:

pecuniam,

Aur. Vict. Vir. Ill. 80, 2.—

Transf.

To spread over, bedaub, besmear with any thing ( poet.):

corpus odore ambrosiae,

Verg. G. 4, 415; Pers. 2, 55:

corpus stercore gallinae,

Ser. Samm. 39, 739:

artus succo,

id. 49, 922:

crusta perducta,

Scrib. Comp. 237.—

To rub out, erase (post-class.):

si aliquid interleverit, perduxerit,

Dig. 29, 1, 20:

nomen in testamento,

ib. 37, 11, 8; 28, 4, 11.—

To take a drink, to drink off or up, to quaff (post-class.):

cyceonis liquorem, Arn. poët. 5, 175: poculum continuo haustu,

App. M. 10, 5, p. 240:

aloë ex aquae cyathis tribus frigidis perducta,

Scrib. Comp. 135 fin. —

Trop.

In gen., to draw out, lengthen, prolong, continue, to bring, carry, guide a person or thing to a certain goal, to a certain period, etc. (class.):

res disputatione ad mediam noctem perducitur,

Caes. B. G. 5, 30:

oppugnatio ad noctem perducta,

Liv. 36, 23:

in noctem orationibus perductis,

id. 38, 51:

ad tempus tuum,

Cic. Fam. 10, 1, 2:

se medicinā usque ad longam senectam,

Plin. 29, 1, 8, § 15:

aliquem ex humili loco ad summam dignitatem,

Caes. B. G. 7, 39; so,

aliquem ad amplissimos honores,

Cic. Lael. 20, 73:

(agri colendi studia) ad centesimum annum,

id. Sen. 17, 60:

artem ad magnam gloriam,

Plin. 35, 9, 36, § 61:

aliquem ad perniciem,

Varr. R. R. 2, 3:

aliquid ad effectum,

Dig. 33, 1, 7:

aliquid ad exitum,

Cic. Inv. 2, 56, 169:

aliquid ad finem,

Lucr. 2, 1117:

eo rem perduxit,

brought the matter to that pass, Nep. Dion. 5, 6; cf. Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 7:

aliquid ad liquidum confessumque,

Quint. 5, 14, 28.—

To pass, spend:

noctes,

Prop. 1, 3, 39.—

In partic., to draw or bring over, win over, to persuade, induce (to an opinion or an action, etc.;

class.): si dictis nequis perduci, ut vera haec credas,

Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 41:

perducebam illam ad me suadelā meā,

id. Cist. 2, 3, 24:

aliquem ad suam sententiam,

Cic. Att. 16, 8, 1;

for which: aliquem in suam sententiam,

Caes. B. G. 7, 4:

aliquem ad se magnis pollicitationibus,

to bring over to one's side, to gain over, id. ib. 6, 11:

hominem ad HS LXXX.,

to induce to pay, Cic. Att. 5, 21, 12.

per-dūro, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. and n.

Act., to make hard, to harden (late Lat.):

teneras plantas,

Prud. Psych. 447.—

Neutr., to last or hold out, to endure ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose; cf.:

obduro, perfero),

Ter. Hec. 2, 2, 27:

perdurare non posse,

Suet. Ner. 24:

perdurandi pervicacia,

Plin. 17, 20, 34, § 147:

longum probitas perdurat in aevum,

Ov. Med. Fac. 49:

mora perduratura,

Stat. Th. 1, 142:

non perdurasse in senectutem,

Sen. Ben. 7, 28:

cotidie unanimiter in templo,

abide, continue, Vulg. Act. 2, 46.

pĕrenno, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. and n. [id.].

Act., to keep or preserve long (post-Aug.):

ea res, etiamsi non in totum perennat, certe usque in alteram vindemiam plerumque vini saporem servat,

Col. 12, 20, 8 (dub.; al. perennem); 12, 19, 2.—

Neutr., to last for many years, to last, continue, endure ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

arte perennat amor,

Ov. A. A. 3, 42:

ut diutius perennent boves,

Col. 1, 9, 2; 2, 9, 18:

domus,

Ov. F. 1, 721:

gens ultra aevi nostri terminos perennans,

Sol. 52, 29.

pergo, perrexi, perrectum, 3, v. a. and n. [per-rego].

In gen., to go [p. 1343] on, continue, proceed with any thing (esp. a motion), to pursue with energy, prosecute vigorously (v. Mütz. ad Curt. 3, 8, 7; rare, and in Cic. only with an obj.-clause).

With acc.:

pergam, quo coepi, hoc iter,

Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 119:

iter,

Sall. J. 79, 5; Auct. B. Afr. 69; Tac. A. 4, 20; 3, 66.—

With an obj.-clause:

confestim ad eum ire perreximus,

Cic. Ac. 1, 1, 1:

perge igitur ordine quattuor mihi istas partes explicare,

proceed, id. Part. 8, 28:

ad Victumvias oppugnandas ire pergit,

Liv. 21, 57, 9:

pergit ire sequentibus paucis in hospitium Metelli,

id. 22, 53, 9:

Hannibal postquam ipsi sententia stetit pergere ire,

to go on with his march, id. 21, 30, 1:

tenere viam quam instituisti,

Q. Cic. Pet. Cons. 14, 42:

animum exsolvere pergo,

Lucr. 1, 932:

pergitin' pergere?

Plaut. Ps. 5, 1, 4; id. Poen. 1, 3, 24.—

Impers. pass.:

non potest ad similitudinem pergi rei, quae necdum est,

one cannot attain, Macr. Sat. 7, 16, 13.—

In partic.

To wake up, awaken, arouse a person: pergere dicebant expergefacere, Paul. ex Fest. p. 215 Müll.—

To proceed with, undertake a thing (post-Aug.): prospere cessura quae pergerent, si, etc., their enterprise would succeed if, etc., Tac. A. 1, 28 dub. (al. ad quae pergerent, al. quo pergerent, v. Orell. ad h. l.).—

Neutr., to proceed, i. e. to go or come (the predom. signif. of the word; syn.: progredior, proficiscor).

Lit.:

horsum pergunt,

they are coming this way, Ter. Hec. 3, 4, 36:

quis hic est, qui huc pergit?

id. Eun. 2, 1, 22:

eādem viā pergere,

Cic. Div. 1, 54, 123:

in Macedoniam ad Planciumque,

id. Planc. 41, 98:

advorsum hostes, in solitudines,

Sall. J. 74, 1:

ad regem,

id. ib. 71, 4:

ad castra,

Caes. B. G. 3, 18:

obviam alicui,

to go to meet, Auct. Her. 4, 51, 64:

ad litora,

Sil. 7, 171:

obsonatum pergam,

Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 154.— Impers. pass.: ad plebem pergitur, Caecil. ap. Non. 513, 8.—

Trop., to pass on, proceed to any thing (esp. an action), to go after any thing:

pergamus ad reliqua,

Cic. Brut. 43, 158; id. Tusc. 5, 5, 13.—

In partic., in speaking.

To go on, proceed:

pergam atque insequar longius,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 20, § 51:

perge de Caesare,

go on and relate, id. Brut. 74, 258; id. Rosc. Am. 10, 32:

si pergis,

Liv. 2, 40.—

Of one who has not yet spoken, to begin and go on, to proceed ( poet.):

pergite, Pierides,

Verg. E. 6, 13.