animi+impetus

ad-verto (archaic advor-), ti, sum, 3, v. a., to turn a thing to or toward a place (in this signif., without animus; mostly poet.; syn.: observare, animadvertere, videre, cognoscere).

Lit.

In gen., with in or dat.:

illa sese huc advorterat in hanc nostram plateam,

Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 51:

in quamcunque domus lumina partem,

Ov. M. 6, 180; cf. id. ib. 8, 482:

malis numen,

Verg. A. 4, 611:

huc aures, huc, quaeso, advertite sensus,

Sil. 16, 213; cf. id. 6, 105.—

Esp., a naut. t. t., to turn, direct, steer a ship to a place:

classem in portum,

Liv. 37, 9 Drak.:

terrae proras,

Verg. A. 7, 35; id. G. 4, 117 al.:

Colchos puppim,

Ov. H. 12, 23.— Absol.:

profugi advertere coloni,

landed, Sil. 1, 288;

hence also transf. to other things: aequore cursum,

Verg. A. 7, 196:

pedem ripae,

id. ib. 6, 386:

urbi agmen,

id. ib. 12, 555: adverti with acc. poet. for verti ad:

Scythicas advertitur oras,

Ov. M. 5, 649 (cf. adducor litora remis, id. ib. 3, 598, and Rudd. II. p. 327).

Fig.

Animum (in the poets and Livy also animos, rarely mentem) advertere; absol., or with adv. or ad aliquid, or alicui rei, to direct the mind, thoughts, or attention to a thing, to advert to, give attention to, attend to, to heed, observe, remark:

si voles advortere animum, Enn. ap. Var. L. L. 7, § 89 Müll. (Trag. v. 386 Vahl.): facete advortis animum tuum ad animum meum,

Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 39:

nunc huc animum advortite ambo,

id. ib. 3, 1, 169:

advertunt animos ad religionem,

Lucr. 3, 54:

monitis animos advertite nostris,

Ov. M. 15, 140:

animum etiam levissimis rebus adverterent,

Tac. A. 13, 49.—With ne, when the object of attention is expressed:

ut animum advertant, ne quos offendant,

Cic. Off. 2, 19, 68:

adverterent animos, ne quid novi tumultūs oriretur,

Liv. 4, 45.—

Animum advertere, to observe a thing by directing the mind to it, to observe, to notice, to remark, to perceive (in the class. period contracted to animadvertere, q. v.).—Constr. with two accusatives, animum advertere aliquid (where aliquid may be regarded as depending on the prep. in comp., Roby, § 1118, or on animum advertere, considered as one idea, to observe), with acc. and inf., or rel. clause (the first mode of construction, most frequent with the pronouns id, hoc, illud, etc., is for the most part ante-class., and appears in Caes., Cic., and Sall. as an archaism):

et hoc animum advorte,

Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 43:

hanc edictionem,

id. ib. 1, 2, 10:

haec animum te advertere par est,

Lucr. 2, 125:

animum adverti columellam e dumis eminentem,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 23, 65; id. Inv. 2, 51, 153:

Postquam id animum advertit,

Caes. B. G. 1, 24; 4, 12:

quidam Ligus animum advortit inter saxa repentīs cocleas,

Sall. J. 93, 2. In Vitruv. once with hinc:

ut etiam possumus hinc animum advertere,

as we can hence perceive, Vitr. 10, 22, 262.—With the acc. and inf.:

postquam tantopere id vos velle animum advorteram,

Ter. Phorm. 5, 8, 16:

animum advertit magnas esse copiashostium instructas,

Caes. B. G. 5, 18: cum animum adverteret locum relictum esse, Auct. B. Alex. 31; ib. 46.—With the rel. clause: nunc quam rem vitio dent, quaeso, animum advortite, Ter. And. prol. 8: quid ille sperare possit, animum adverte, Dolab. ap. Cic. Fam. 9, 9:

quam multarum rerum ipse ignarus esset... animum advertit,

Liv. 24, 48. Sometimes advertere alone = animum advertere; so once in Cicero's letters: nam advertebatur Pompeii familiares assentiri Volcatio, Fam. 1, 1 (although here, as well as almost everywhere, the readings fluctuate between advertere and animadvertere; cf. Orell. ad h. l.; animadvertebatur, B. and K.). So Verg. in the imp.:

qua ratione quod instat, Confieri possit, paucis, adverte, docebo,

attend! Verg. A. 4, 115.—In the histt., esp. Tac. and Pliny, more frequently:

donec advertit Tiberius,

Tac. A. 4, 54:

Zenobiam advertere pastores,

id. ib. 12, 51:

advertere quosdam cultu externo in sedibus senatorum,

id. ib. 13, 54:

quotiens novum aliquid adverterat,

id. ib. 15, 30 al.:

hirudo quam sanguisugam appellari adverto,

Plin. 8, 10, 10, § 29:

ut multos adverto credidisse,

id. 2, 67, 67, § 168. Still more rarely, advertere animo:

animis advertite vestris,

Verg. A. 2, 712:

hanc scientiam ad nostros pervenisse animo adverto,

Plin. 25, 2, 3, § 5; cf. Drak. ad Liv. 4, 27, 8.—

To draw or turn something, esp. the attention of another, to or upon one's self (in the histt.):

gemitus ac planctus militum aures oraque advertere,

Tac. A. 1, 41:

octo aquilae imperatorem advertere,

id. ib. 2, 17: recentia veteraque odia advertit, drew them on himself, id. ib. 4, 21 al.—

To call the attention of one to a definite act, i. e. to admonish of it, to urge to it (cf. II. A.):

non docet admonitio, sed advertit,

i. e. directs attention, Sen. Ep. 94:

advertit ea res Vespasiani animum, ut, etc.,

Tac. H. 3, 48.—

Advertere in aliquem, for the more usual animadvertere in aliquem, to attend to one, i. e. to punish one (only in Tac.):

in P. Marcium consules more prisco advertere,

Tac. A. 2, 32:

ut in reliquos Sejani liberos adverteretur,

id. ib. 5, 9 (cf. id. Germ. 7, 3: animadvertere).—Hence,

adversus (archaic advor-), a, um, P. a., turned to or toward a thing, with the face or front toward, standing over against, opposite, before, in front of (opp. aversus).

In gen.:

solem adversum intueri,

Cic. Somn. Scip. 5:

Iris... Mille trahens varios adverso sole colores,

Verg. A. 4, 701; id. G. 1, 218:

antipodes adversis vestigiis stant contra nostra vestigia,

Cic. Ac. 2, 39: dentes adversi acuti ( the sharp front teeth) morsu dividunt escas, Cic. N. D. 2, 54:

quod is collis, tantum adversus in latitudinem patebat, quantum etc.,

Caes. B. G. 2, 8 Herz. So, hostes adversi, who make front against one advancing or retreating, id. ib. 2, 24:

L. Cotta legatus in adversum os fundā vulneratur,

in front, Caes. B. G. 5, 35; cf. Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 1; Liv. 21, 7 fin. al.; hence, vulnus adversum, a wound in front (on the contr., vulnus aversum, a wound in the back), Cic. Har. Resp. 19:

adversis vulneribus,

Aur. Vict. Vir. Illustr. 35, 4:

judicibus cicatrices adversas ostendere,

Cic. de Or. 2, 28:

cicatrices populus Romanus aspiceret adverso corpore exceptas,

id. Verr. 5, 3:

impetus hostium adversos, Auct. B. Alex. 8: Romani advorso colle evadunt,

ascend the hill in front, Sall. J. 52:

adversa signa,

Liv. 30, 8:

legiones quas Visellius et C. Silius adversis itineribus objecerant,

i. e. marches in which they went to meet the enemy, Tac. A. 3, 42: sed adverso fulgure ( by a flash of lightning falling directly before him) pavefactus est Nero, Suet. Ner. 48:

armenta egit Hannibal in adversos montes,

Quint. 2, 17, 19; cf. Lucr. 3, 1013; so Hor. S. 1, 1, 103; 2, 3, 205:

qui timet his adversa,

the opposite of this, id. Ep. 1, 6, 9 al. —Hence, of rivers: flumine adverso, up the stream, against the stream:

in adversum flumen contendere,

Lucr. 4, 423:

adverso feruntur flumine,

id. 6, 720; so Verg. G. 1, 201:

adverso amne,

Plin. 18, 6, 7, § 33;

adverso Tiberi subvehi,

Aur. Vict. Vir. Illustr. 22, 3 (opp. to secundā aquā, down stream, with the stream:

rate in secundam aquam labente,

Liv. 21, 47, 3); and of winds, opposed to a vessel's course, head winds, contrary winds, consequently unfavorable, adverse:

navigationes adversis ventis praecluduntur, Auct. B. Alex. 8: adversissimi navigantibus venti,

Caes. B. C. 3, 107.— Subst.: adversum, i, the opposite: hic ventus a septentrionibus oriens adversum tenet Athenis proficiscentibus, [p. 50] holds the opposite to those sailing from Athens, i. e. blows against them, Nep. Milt. 1 (so Nipperdey; but v. Hand, Turs. I. p. 183). — Adv.: ex adverso, also written exadverso and exadversum, opposite to, over against, ek tou enantiou:

portus ex adverso urbi positus,

Liv. 45, 10.—With gen.:

Patrae ex adverso Aetoliae et fluminis Eveni,

Plin. 4, 4, 5, § 11.—Without case:

cum ex adverso starent classes,

Just. 2, 14; so Suet. Caes. 39; Tib. 33.—In adversum, to the opposite side, against:

et duo in adversum immissi per moenia currus,

against each other, Prop. 3, 9, 23; so Gell. 2, 30; cf. Verg. A. 8, 237;

in adversum Romani subiere,

Liv. 1, 12; 7, 23.—

In hostile opposition to, adverse to, unfavorable, unpropitious (opp. secundus; frequent and class.): conqueri fortunam adversam, Pac. ap. Cic. Tusc. 2, 21, 50:

hic dies pervorsus atque advorsus mihi obtigit,

Plaut. Men. 5, 5, 1:

advorsus nemini,

Ter. And. 1, 1, 37:

mentes improborum mihi infensae et adversae,

Cic. Sull. 10:

acclamatio,

id. de Or. 2, 83: adversā avi aliquid facere, vet. poët. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 16:

adversis auspiciis,

Aur. Vict. Vir. Illustr. 64, 6:

adversum omen,

Suet. Vit. 8:

adversissima auspicia,

id. Oth. 8: adversae res, misfortune, calamity, adverse fortune:

ut adversas res, sic secundas immoderate ferre levitatis est,

Cic. Off. 1, 26; cf.:

adversi casus,

Nep. Dat. 5:

adversae rerum undae,

a sea of troubles, Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 22: omnia secundissima nobis, adversissima illis accidisse, Caes. ap. Cic. Att. 10, 9 (the sup. is found also in Cæs. B. C. 3, 107):

quae magistratus ille dicet, secundis auribus, quae ab nostrum quo dicentur, adversis accipietis?

Liv. 6, 40:

adversus annus frugibus,

id. 4, 12:

valetudo adversa,

i. e. sickness, id. 10, 32:

adversum proelium,

an unsuccessful engagement, id. 7, 29; cf.

8, 31: adverso rumore esse,

to be in bad repute, to have a bad reputation, Tac. Ann. 14, 11:

adversa subsellia,

on which the opposition sit, Quint. 6, 1, 39.—Sometimes met. of feeling, contrary to, hated, hateful, odious:

quīs omnia regna advorsa sint,

Sall. J. 83; cf. Luc. 2, 229 Bentl.— Comp.:

neque est aliud adversius,

Plin. 32, 4, 14, § 35.—

* Adv.: adver-sē, self-contradictorily, Gell. 3, 16.— ad-versum, i, subst., esp. in the plur. adversa, misfortune, calamity, disaster, adversity, evil, mischief:

advorsa ejus per te tecta sient,

Ter. Hec. 3, 3, 28:

nihil adversi,

Cic. Brut. 1, 4:

si quid adversi accidisset,

Nep. Alc. 8; cf. Liv. 22, 40; 35, 13:

secunda felices, adversa magnos probant,

Plin. Pan. 31;

esp. freq. in Tac.: prospera et adversa pop. Rom., Ann. 1, 1: adversa tempestatum et fluctuum,

id. Agr. 25; so id. A. 3, 24; 45; 2, 69; 4, 13 al.— Subst.: adversus, i, m., an opponent, adversary (rare):

multosque mortalīs ea causa advorsos habeo,

Sall. C. 52, 7.—In Quint. also once ad-versa, ae, f., subst., a female opponent or adversary: natura noverca fuerit, si facultatem dicendi sociam scelerum, adversam innocentiae, invenit, 12, 1, 2.—

In rhet., opposed to another of the same genus, e. g. sapientia and stultitia: “Haec quae ex eodem genere contraria sunt, appellantur adversa,” Cic. Top. 11.

adversus or adversum (archaic advor-) (like rursus and rursum, prorsus and prorsum, quorsus and quorsum), adv. and prep., denoting direction to or toward an object (syn.: contra, in with acc., ad, erga).

Adv.: opposite to, against, to, or toward a thing, in a friendly or hostile sense:

ibo advorsum,

Plaut. As. 2, 2, 29:

facito, ut venias advorsum mihi,

id. Men. 2, 3, 82:

obsecro te, matri ne quid tuae advorsus fuas, Liv. And. ap. Non. s. v. fuam, 111, 12 (Trag. Rel. p. 3 Rib.): quis hic est, qui advorsus it mihi?

Plaut. Men. 3, 2, 22:

adversus resistere,

Nep. Pelop. 1, 3:

nemo adversus ibat,

Liv. 37, 13, 8 al. In Plaut. and Ter. advorsum ire, or venire, to go to meet; also of a slave, to go to meet his master and bring him from a place (hence adversitor, q. v.):

solus nunc eo advorsum hero ex plurimis servis,

Plaut. Most. 4, 1, 23:

ei advorsum venimus,

id. ib. 4, 2, 32; Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 2 Ruhnk.—

Prep. with acc., toward or against, in a friendly or a hostile sense.

In a friendly sense.

Of place, turned to or toward, opposite to, before, facing, over against: qui cotidie unguentatus adversum speculum ornetur, before the mirror, Scipio ap. Gell. 7, 12:

adversus advocatos,

Liv. 45, 7, 5:

medicus debet residere illustri loco adversus aegrum,

opposite to the patient, Cels. 3, 6:

adversus Scyllam vergens in Italiam,

Plin. 3, 8, 14, § 87:

Lerina, adversum Antipolim,

id. 3, 5, 11, § 79.—

In the presence of any one, before:

egone ut te advorsum mentiar, mater mea?

Plaut. Aul. 4, 7, 9: idque gratum fuisse advorsum te habeo gratiam, I am thankful that this is acceptable before ( to) thee, Ter. And. 1, 1, 15: paululum adversus praesentem fortitudinem mollitus, somewhat softened at such firmness (of his wife), Tac. A. 15, 63.—Hence very often with verbs of speaking, answering, complaining, etc., to declare or express one's self to any one, to excuse one's self or apologize, and the like: te oportet hoc proloqui advorsum illam mihi, Enn. ap. Non. 232, 24 (Trag. v. 385 Vahl.):

immo si audias, quae dicta dixit me advorsum tibi,

what he told me of you, Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 47: de vita ac morte domini fabulavere advorsum fratrem illius, Afran. ap. Non. 232, 25:

mulier, credo, advorsum illum res suas conqueritur,

Titin. ib. 232, 21:

utendum est excusatione etiam adversus eos, quos invitus offendas,

Cic. Off. 2, 19, 68; Tac. A. 3, 71.— With that to which a reply is made, to (= ad):

adversus ea consul... respondit,

Liv. 4, 10, 12; 22, 40, 1; cf. Drak. ad 3, 57, 1.—

In comparison, as if one thing were held toward, set against, or before another (v. ad, I. D. 4.); against, in comparison with, compared to:

repente lectus adversus veterem imperatorem comparabitur,

will be compared with, Liv. 24, 8, 8:

quid autem esse duo prospera bella Samnitium adversus tot decora populi Rom.,

id. 7, 32, 8.—

Of demeanor toward one, to, toward:

quonam modo me gererem adversus Caesarem,

Cic. Fam. 11, 27, 11:

te adversus me omnia audere gratum est,

i. e. on my account, on my behalf, for my advantage, id. ib. 9, 22, 15:

lentae adversum imperia aures,

Tac. A. 1, 65.—Esp. often of friendly feeling, love, esteem, respect toward or for one (cf. Ruhnk. ad Ter. And. 4, 1, 15; Manut. ad Cic. Fam. 9, 22; Heusing. ad Cic. Off. 1, 11, 1;

Hab. Syn. 49): est enim pietas justitia adversus deos,

Cic. N. D. 1, 41, 116; id. Off. 3, 6, 28:

adhibenda est igitur quaedam reverentia adversus homines,

id. ib. 1, 28, 99 Beier:

sunt quaedam officia adversus eos servanda, a quibus injuriam acceperis,

id. ib. 1, 11, 33:

adversus merita ingratissimus,

Vell. 2, 69, 5:

summa adversus alios aequitas erat,

Liv. 3, 33, 8:

ob egregiam fidem adversus Romanos,

id. 29, 8, 2; so id. 45, 8, 4 al.:

beneficentiā adversus supplices utendum,

Tac. A. 11, 17.— More rarely

of the general relation of an object or act to a person or thing (v. ad, I. D. 1.), in relation, in respect, or in regard to a thing:

epistula, ut adversus magistrum morum, modestior,

as addressed to a censor of manners, Cic. Fam. 3, 13, 8:

quasi adversus eos acquieverit sententiae,

in regard to the same, Dig. 49, 1; 3, 1.—

In a hostile sense, against (the most usual class. signif. of this word): “Contra et adversus ita differunt, quod contra, ad locum, ut: contra basilicam; adversus, ad animi motum, ut: adversus illum facio; interdum autem promiscue accipitur,” Charis. p. 207 P.; cf. Cort. ad Sall. J. 101, 8:

advorsum legem accepisti a plurimis pecuniam,

Plaut. Truc. 4, 2, 48:

advorsum te fabulare illud,

against thy interest, to thy disadvantage, id. Stich. 4, 2, 11:

stultus est advorsus aetatem et capitis canitudinem, id. ap. Fest. s. v. canitudinem, p. 47: advorsum animi tui libidinem,

Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 19:

adversum leges, adversum rem publicam,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 84, § 195:

respondebat, SI PARET, ADVERSUM EDICTUM FECISSE,

id. ib. 2, 3, 28, §

69: me adversus populum Romanum possem defendere,

id. Phil. 1, 13 al. —In the histt., of a hostile attack, approach, etc.:

gladiis districtis impetum adversus montem in cohortes faciunt,

Caes. B. C. 1, 46:

adversus se non esse missos exercitus,

Liv. 3, 66:

bellum adversum Xerxem moret,

Aur. Vict. Caes. 24, 3:

copiis quibus usi adversus Romanum bellum,

Liv. 8, 2, 5:

adversus vim atque injuriam pugnantes,

id. 26, 25, 10 al.:

T. Quintius adversus Gallos missus est,

Eutr. 2, 2: Athenienses adversus tantam tempestatem belli duos duces deligunt, Just. 3, 6, 12 al.—Among physicians, of preventives against sickness, against (v. ad, I. A. 2.):

adversus profusionem in his auxilium est,

Cels. 5, 26; 6, 27 al.:

frigidus jam artus et cluso corpore adversum vim veneni,

Tac. A. 15, 64.— Trop.:

egregium adversus tempestates receptaculum,

Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 4; so id. ib. 2, 15, 36.—Hence: firmus, invictus, fortis adversus aliquid (like contra), protected against a thing, firm, fixed, secure:

advorsum divitias animum invictum gerebat,

Sall. J. 43, 5:

invictus adversum gratiam animus,

Tac. A. 15, 21:

adversus convicia malosque rumores firmus ac patiens,

Suet. Tib. 28:

Adversus omnes fortis feras canis,

Phaedr. 5, 10, 1; and in opp. sense: infirmus, inferior adversus aliquid, powerless against, unequal to:

fama, infirmissimum adversus vivos fortes telum,

Curt. 4, 14:

infirmus adversum pecuniam,

Aur. Vict. Caes. 9, 6:

inferior adversus laborem,

id. Epit. 40, 20.

Adversus is rarely put after the word which it governs:

egone ut te advorsum mentiar,

Plaut. Aul. 4, 7, 9:

hunc adversus,

Nep. Con. 2, 2; id. Tim. 4, 3:

quos advorsum ierat,

Sall. J. 101, 8.—

It sometimes suffers tmesis:

Labienum ad Oceanum versus proficisci jubet,

Caes. B. G. 6, 33:

animadvortit fugam ad se vorsum fieri,

Sall. J. 58:

animum advortere ad se vorsum exercitum pergere,

id. ib. 69: ad Cordubam versus iter facere coepit, Auct. B. Hisp. 10 and 11; cf. in-versus:

in Galliam vorsus castra movere,

Sall. C. 56; Sulp. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 12; Traj. ap. Plin. Ep. 10, 78; the Eng. to-ward: to us ward, Psa. 40, 5; and the Gr. eis-de: eis halade, Hom. Od. 10, 351.

ad-verto (archaic advor-), ti, sum, 3, v. a., to turn a thing to or toward a place (in this signif., without animus; mostly poet.; syn.: observare, animadvertere, videre, cognoscere).

Lit.

In gen., with in or dat.:

illa sese huc advorterat in hanc nostram plateam,

Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 51:

in quamcunque domus lumina partem,

Ov. M. 6, 180; cf. id. ib. 8, 482:

malis numen,

Verg. A. 4, 611:

huc aures, huc, quaeso, advertite sensus,

Sil. 16, 213; cf. id. 6, 105.—

Esp., a naut. t. t., to turn, direct, steer a ship to a place:

classem in portum,

Liv. 37, 9 Drak.:

terrae proras,

Verg. A. 7, 35; id. G. 4, 117 al.:

Colchos puppim,

Ov. H. 12, 23.— Absol.:

profugi advertere coloni,

landed, Sil. 1, 288;

hence also transf. to other things: aequore cursum,

Verg. A. 7, 196:

pedem ripae,

id. ib. 6, 386:

urbi agmen,

id. ib. 12, 555: adverti with acc. poet. for verti ad:

Scythicas advertitur oras,

Ov. M. 5, 649 (cf. adducor litora remis, id. ib. 3, 598, and Rudd. II. p. 327).

Fig.

Animum (in the poets and Livy also animos, rarely mentem) advertere; absol., or with adv. or ad aliquid, or alicui rei, to direct the mind, thoughts, or attention to a thing, to advert to, give attention to, attend to, to heed, observe, remark:

si voles advortere animum, Enn. ap. Var. L. L. 7, § 89 Müll. (Trag. v. 386 Vahl.): facete advortis animum tuum ad animum meum,

Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 39:

nunc huc animum advortite ambo,

id. ib. 3, 1, 169:

advertunt animos ad religionem,

Lucr. 3, 54:

monitis animos advertite nostris,

Ov. M. 15, 140:

animum etiam levissimis rebus adverterent,

Tac. A. 13, 49.—With ne, when the object of attention is expressed:

ut animum advertant, ne quos offendant,

Cic. Off. 2, 19, 68:

adverterent animos, ne quid novi tumultūs oriretur,

Liv. 4, 45.—

Animum advertere, to observe a thing by directing the mind to it, to observe, to notice, to remark, to perceive (in the class. period contracted to animadvertere, q. v.).—Constr. with two accusatives, animum advertere aliquid (where aliquid may be regarded as depending on the prep. in comp., Roby, § 1118, or on animum advertere, considered as one idea, to observe), with acc. and inf., or rel. clause (the first mode of construction, most frequent with the pronouns id, hoc, illud, etc., is for the most part ante-class., and appears in Caes., Cic., and Sall. as an archaism):

et hoc animum advorte,

Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 43:

hanc edictionem,

id. ib. 1, 2, 10:

haec animum te advertere par est,

Lucr. 2, 125:

animum adverti columellam e dumis eminentem,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 23, 65; id. Inv. 2, 51, 153:

Postquam id animum advertit,

Caes. B. G. 1, 24; 4, 12:

quidam Ligus animum advortit inter saxa repentīs cocleas,

Sall. J. 93, 2. In Vitruv. once with hinc:

ut etiam possumus hinc animum advertere,

as we can hence perceive, Vitr. 10, 22, 262.—With the acc. and inf.:

postquam tantopere id vos velle animum advorteram,

Ter. Phorm. 5, 8, 16:

animum advertit magnas esse copiashostium instructas,

Caes. B. G. 5, 18: cum animum adverteret locum relictum esse, Auct. B. Alex. 31; ib. 46.—With the rel. clause: nunc quam rem vitio dent, quaeso, animum advortite, Ter. And. prol. 8: quid ille sperare possit, animum adverte, Dolab. ap. Cic. Fam. 9, 9:

quam multarum rerum ipse ignarus esset... animum advertit,

Liv. 24, 48. Sometimes advertere alone = animum advertere; so once in Cicero's letters: nam advertebatur Pompeii familiares assentiri Volcatio, Fam. 1, 1 (although here, as well as almost everywhere, the readings fluctuate between advertere and animadvertere; cf. Orell. ad h. l.; animadvertebatur, B. and K.). So Verg. in the imp.:

qua ratione quod instat, Confieri possit, paucis, adverte, docebo,

attend! Verg. A. 4, 115.—In the histt., esp. Tac. and Pliny, more frequently:

donec advertit Tiberius,

Tac. A. 4, 54:

Zenobiam advertere pastores,

id. ib. 12, 51:

advertere quosdam cultu externo in sedibus senatorum,

id. ib. 13, 54:

quotiens novum aliquid adverterat,

id. ib. 15, 30 al.:

hirudo quam sanguisugam appellari adverto,

Plin. 8, 10, 10, § 29:

ut multos adverto credidisse,

id. 2, 67, 67, § 168. Still more rarely, advertere animo:

animis advertite vestris,

Verg. A. 2, 712:

hanc scientiam ad nostros pervenisse animo adverto,

Plin. 25, 2, 3, § 5; cf. Drak. ad Liv. 4, 27, 8.—

To draw or turn something, esp. the attention of another, to or upon one's self (in the histt.):

gemitus ac planctus militum aures oraque advertere,

Tac. A. 1, 41:

octo aquilae imperatorem advertere,

id. ib. 2, 17: recentia veteraque odia advertit, drew them on himself, id. ib. 4, 21 al.—

To call the attention of one to a definite act, i. e. to admonish of it, to urge to it (cf. II. A.):

non docet admonitio, sed advertit,

i. e. directs attention, Sen. Ep. 94:

advertit ea res Vespasiani animum, ut, etc.,

Tac. H. 3, 48.—

Advertere in aliquem, for the more usual animadvertere in aliquem, to attend to one, i. e. to punish one (only in Tac.):

in P. Marcium consules more prisco advertere,

Tac. A. 2, 32:

ut in reliquos Sejani liberos adverteretur,

id. ib. 5, 9 (cf. id. Germ. 7, 3: animadvertere).—Hence,

adversus (archaic advor-), a, um, P. a., turned to or toward a thing, with the face or front toward, standing over against, opposite, before, in front of (opp. aversus).

In gen.:

solem adversum intueri,

Cic. Somn. Scip. 5:

Iris... Mille trahens varios adverso sole colores,

Verg. A. 4, 701; id. G. 1, 218:

antipodes adversis vestigiis stant contra nostra vestigia,

Cic. Ac. 2, 39: dentes adversi acuti ( the sharp front teeth) morsu dividunt escas, Cic. N. D. 2, 54:

quod is collis, tantum adversus in latitudinem patebat, quantum etc.,

Caes. B. G. 2, 8 Herz. So, hostes adversi, who make front against one advancing or retreating, id. ib. 2, 24:

L. Cotta legatus in adversum os fundā vulneratur,

in front, Caes. B. G. 5, 35; cf. Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 1; Liv. 21, 7 fin. al.; hence, vulnus adversum, a wound in front (on the contr., vulnus aversum, a wound in the back), Cic. Har. Resp. 19:

adversis vulneribus,

Aur. Vict. Vir. Illustr. 35, 4:

judicibus cicatrices adversas ostendere,

Cic. de Or. 2, 28:

cicatrices populus Romanus aspiceret adverso corpore exceptas,

id. Verr. 5, 3:

impetus hostium adversos, Auct. B. Alex. 8: Romani advorso colle evadunt,

ascend the hill in front, Sall. J. 52:

adversa signa,

Liv. 30, 8:

legiones quas Visellius et C. Silius adversis itineribus objecerant,

i. e. marches in which they went to meet the enemy, Tac. A. 3, 42: sed adverso fulgure ( by a flash of lightning falling directly before him) pavefactus est Nero, Suet. Ner. 48:

armenta egit Hannibal in adversos montes,

Quint. 2, 17, 19; cf. Lucr. 3, 1013; so Hor. S. 1, 1, 103; 2, 3, 205:

qui timet his adversa,

the opposite of this, id. Ep. 1, 6, 9 al. —Hence, of rivers: flumine adverso, up the stream, against the stream:

in adversum flumen contendere,

Lucr. 4, 423:

adverso feruntur flumine,

id. 6, 720; so Verg. G. 1, 201:

adverso amne,

Plin. 18, 6, 7, § 33;

adverso Tiberi subvehi,

Aur. Vict. Vir. Illustr. 22, 3 (opp. to secundā aquā, down stream, with the stream:

rate in secundam aquam labente,

Liv. 21, 47, 3); and of winds, opposed to a vessel's course, head winds, contrary winds, consequently unfavorable, adverse:

navigationes adversis ventis praecluduntur, Auct. B. Alex. 8: adversissimi navigantibus venti,

Caes. B. C. 3, 107.— Subst.: adversum, i, the opposite: hic ventus a septentrionibus oriens adversum tenet Athenis proficiscentibus, [p. 50] holds the opposite to those sailing from Athens, i. e. blows against them, Nep. Milt. 1 (so Nipperdey; but v. Hand, Turs. I. p. 183). — Adv.: ex adverso, also written exadverso and exadversum, opposite to, over against, ek tou enantiou:

portus ex adverso urbi positus,

Liv. 45, 10.—With gen.:

Patrae ex adverso Aetoliae et fluminis Eveni,

Plin. 4, 4, 5, § 11.—Without case:

cum ex adverso starent classes,

Just. 2, 14; so Suet. Caes. 39; Tib. 33.—In adversum, to the opposite side, against:

et duo in adversum immissi per moenia currus,

against each other, Prop. 3, 9, 23; so Gell. 2, 30; cf. Verg. A. 8, 237;

in adversum Romani subiere,

Liv. 1, 12; 7, 23.—

In hostile opposition to, adverse to, unfavorable, unpropitious (opp. secundus; frequent and class.): conqueri fortunam adversam, Pac. ap. Cic. Tusc. 2, 21, 50:

hic dies pervorsus atque advorsus mihi obtigit,

Plaut. Men. 5, 5, 1:

advorsus nemini,

Ter. And. 1, 1, 37:

mentes improborum mihi infensae et adversae,

Cic. Sull. 10:

acclamatio,

id. de Or. 2, 83: adversā avi aliquid facere, vet. poët. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 16:

adversis auspiciis,

Aur. Vict. Vir. Illustr. 64, 6:

adversum omen,

Suet. Vit. 8:

adversissima auspicia,

id. Oth. 8: adversae res, misfortune, calamity, adverse fortune:

ut adversas res, sic secundas immoderate ferre levitatis est,

Cic. Off. 1, 26; cf.:

adversi casus,

Nep. Dat. 5:

adversae rerum undae,

a sea of troubles, Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 22: omnia secundissima nobis, adversissima illis accidisse, Caes. ap. Cic. Att. 10, 9 (the sup. is found also in Cæs. B. C. 3, 107):

quae magistratus ille dicet, secundis auribus, quae ab nostrum quo dicentur, adversis accipietis?

Liv. 6, 40:

adversus annus frugibus,

id. 4, 12:

valetudo adversa,

i. e. sickness, id. 10, 32:

adversum proelium,

an unsuccessful engagement, id. 7, 29; cf.

8, 31: adverso rumore esse,

to be in bad repute, to have a bad reputation, Tac. Ann. 14, 11:

adversa subsellia,

on which the opposition sit, Quint. 6, 1, 39.—Sometimes met. of feeling, contrary to, hated, hateful, odious:

quīs omnia regna advorsa sint,

Sall. J. 83; cf. Luc. 2, 229 Bentl.— Comp.:

neque est aliud adversius,

Plin. 32, 4, 14, § 35.—

* Adv.: adver-sē, self-contradictorily, Gell. 3, 16.— ad-versum, i, subst., esp. in the plur. adversa, misfortune, calamity, disaster, adversity, evil, mischief:

advorsa ejus per te tecta sient,

Ter. Hec. 3, 3, 28:

nihil adversi,

Cic. Brut. 1, 4:

si quid adversi accidisset,

Nep. Alc. 8; cf. Liv. 22, 40; 35, 13:

secunda felices, adversa magnos probant,

Plin. Pan. 31;

esp. freq. in Tac.: prospera et adversa pop. Rom., Ann. 1, 1: adversa tempestatum et fluctuum,

id. Agr. 25; so id. A. 3, 24; 45; 2, 69; 4, 13 al.— Subst.: adversus, i, m., an opponent, adversary (rare):

multosque mortalīs ea causa advorsos habeo,

Sall. C. 52, 7.—In Quint. also once ad-versa, ae, f., subst., a female opponent or adversary: natura noverca fuerit, si facultatem dicendi sociam scelerum, adversam innocentiae, invenit, 12, 1, 2.—

In rhet., opposed to another of the same genus, e. g. sapientia and stultitia: “Haec quae ex eodem genere contraria sunt, appellantur adversa,” Cic. Top. 11.

adversus or adversum (archaic advor-) (like rursus and rursum, prorsus and prorsum, quorsus and quorsum), adv. and prep., denoting direction to or toward an object (syn.: contra, in with acc., ad, erga).

Adv.: opposite to, against, to, or toward a thing, in a friendly or hostile sense:

ibo advorsum,

Plaut. As. 2, 2, 29:

facito, ut venias advorsum mihi,

id. Men. 2, 3, 82:

obsecro te, matri ne quid tuae advorsus fuas, Liv. And. ap. Non. s. v. fuam, 111, 12 (Trag. Rel. p. 3 Rib.): quis hic est, qui advorsus it mihi?

Plaut. Men. 3, 2, 22:

adversus resistere,

Nep. Pelop. 1, 3:

nemo adversus ibat,

Liv. 37, 13, 8 al. In Plaut. and Ter. advorsum ire, or venire, to go to meet; also of a slave, to go to meet his master and bring him from a place (hence adversitor, q. v.):

solus nunc eo advorsum hero ex plurimis servis,

Plaut. Most. 4, 1, 23:

ei advorsum venimus,

id. ib. 4, 2, 32; Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 2 Ruhnk.—

Prep. with acc., toward or against, in a friendly or a hostile sense.

In a friendly sense.

Of place, turned to or toward, opposite to, before, facing, over against: qui cotidie unguentatus adversum speculum ornetur, before the mirror, Scipio ap. Gell. 7, 12:

adversus advocatos,

Liv. 45, 7, 5:

medicus debet residere illustri loco adversus aegrum,

opposite to the patient, Cels. 3, 6:

adversus Scyllam vergens in Italiam,

Plin. 3, 8, 14, § 87:

Lerina, adversum Antipolim,

id. 3, 5, 11, § 79.—

In the presence of any one, before:

egone ut te advorsum mentiar, mater mea?

Plaut. Aul. 4, 7, 9: idque gratum fuisse advorsum te habeo gratiam, I am thankful that this is acceptable before ( to) thee, Ter. And. 1, 1, 15: paululum adversus praesentem fortitudinem mollitus, somewhat softened at such firmness (of his wife), Tac. A. 15, 63.—Hence very often with verbs of speaking, answering, complaining, etc., to declare or express one's self to any one, to excuse one's self or apologize, and the like: te oportet hoc proloqui advorsum illam mihi, Enn. ap. Non. 232, 24 (Trag. v. 385 Vahl.):

immo si audias, quae dicta dixit me advorsum tibi,

what he told me of you, Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 47: de vita ac morte domini fabulavere advorsum fratrem illius, Afran. ap. Non. 232, 25:

mulier, credo, advorsum illum res suas conqueritur,

Titin. ib. 232, 21:

utendum est excusatione etiam adversus eos, quos invitus offendas,

Cic. Off. 2, 19, 68; Tac. A. 3, 71.— With that to which a reply is made, to (= ad):

adversus ea consul... respondit,

Liv. 4, 10, 12; 22, 40, 1; cf. Drak. ad 3, 57, 1.—

In comparison, as if one thing were held toward, set against, or before another (v. ad, I. D. 4.); against, in comparison with, compared to:

repente lectus adversus veterem imperatorem comparabitur,

will be compared with, Liv. 24, 8, 8:

quid autem esse duo prospera bella Samnitium adversus tot decora populi Rom.,

id. 7, 32, 8.—

Of demeanor toward one, to, toward:

quonam modo me gererem adversus Caesarem,

Cic. Fam. 11, 27, 11:

te adversus me omnia audere gratum est,

i. e. on my account, on my behalf, for my advantage, id. ib. 9, 22, 15:

lentae adversum imperia aures,

Tac. A. 1, 65.—Esp. often of friendly feeling, love, esteem, respect toward or for one (cf. Ruhnk. ad Ter. And. 4, 1, 15; Manut. ad Cic. Fam. 9, 22; Heusing. ad Cic. Off. 1, 11, 1;

Hab. Syn. 49): est enim pietas justitia adversus deos,

Cic. N. D. 1, 41, 116; id. Off. 3, 6, 28:

adhibenda est igitur quaedam reverentia adversus homines,

id. ib. 1, 28, 99 Beier:

sunt quaedam officia adversus eos servanda, a quibus injuriam acceperis,

id. ib. 1, 11, 33:

adversus merita ingratissimus,

Vell. 2, 69, 5:

summa adversus alios aequitas erat,

Liv. 3, 33, 8:

ob egregiam fidem adversus Romanos,

id. 29, 8, 2; so id. 45, 8, 4 al.:

beneficentiā adversus supplices utendum,

Tac. A. 11, 17.— More rarely

of the general relation of an object or act to a person or thing (v. ad, I. D. 1.), in relation, in respect, or in regard to a thing:

epistula, ut adversus magistrum morum, modestior,

as addressed to a censor of manners, Cic. Fam. 3, 13, 8:

quasi adversus eos acquieverit sententiae,

in regard to the same, Dig. 49, 1; 3, 1.—

In a hostile sense, against (the most usual class. signif. of this word): “Contra et adversus ita differunt, quod contra, ad locum, ut: contra basilicam; adversus, ad animi motum, ut: adversus illum facio; interdum autem promiscue accipitur,” Charis. p. 207 P.; cf. Cort. ad Sall. J. 101, 8:

advorsum legem accepisti a plurimis pecuniam,

Plaut. Truc. 4, 2, 48:

advorsum te fabulare illud,

against thy interest, to thy disadvantage, id. Stich. 4, 2, 11:

stultus est advorsus aetatem et capitis canitudinem, id. ap. Fest. s. v. canitudinem, p. 47: advorsum animi tui libidinem,

Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 19:

adversum leges, adversum rem publicam,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 84, § 195:

respondebat, SI PARET, ADVERSUM EDICTUM FECISSE,

id. ib. 2, 3, 28, §

69: me adversus populum Romanum possem defendere,

id. Phil. 1, 13 al. —In the histt., of a hostile attack, approach, etc.:

gladiis districtis impetum adversus montem in cohortes faciunt,

Caes. B. C. 1, 46:

adversus se non esse missos exercitus,

Liv. 3, 66:

bellum adversum Xerxem moret,

Aur. Vict. Caes. 24, 3:

copiis quibus usi adversus Romanum bellum,

Liv. 8, 2, 5:

adversus vim atque injuriam pugnantes,

id. 26, 25, 10 al.:

T. Quintius adversus Gallos missus est,

Eutr. 2, 2: Athenienses adversus tantam tempestatem belli duos duces deligunt, Just. 3, 6, 12 al.—Among physicians, of preventives against sickness, against (v. ad, I. A. 2.):

adversus profusionem in his auxilium est,

Cels. 5, 26; 6, 27 al.:

frigidus jam artus et cluso corpore adversum vim veneni,

Tac. A. 15, 64.— Trop.:

egregium adversus tempestates receptaculum,

Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 4; so id. ib. 2, 15, 36.—Hence: firmus, invictus, fortis adversus aliquid (like contra), protected against a thing, firm, fixed, secure:

advorsum divitias animum invictum gerebat,

Sall. J. 43, 5:

invictus adversum gratiam animus,

Tac. A. 15, 21:

adversus convicia malosque rumores firmus ac patiens,

Suet. Tib. 28:

Adversus omnes fortis feras canis,

Phaedr. 5, 10, 1; and in opp. sense: infirmus, inferior adversus aliquid, powerless against, unequal to:

fama, infirmissimum adversus vivos fortes telum,

Curt. 4, 14:

infirmus adversum pecuniam,

Aur. Vict. Caes. 9, 6:

inferior adversus laborem,

id. Epit. 40, 20.

Adversus is rarely put after the word which it governs:

egone ut te advorsum mentiar,

Plaut. Aul. 4, 7, 9:

hunc adversus,

Nep. Con. 2, 2; id. Tim. 4, 3:

quos advorsum ierat,

Sall. J. 101, 8.—

It sometimes suffers tmesis:

Labienum ad Oceanum versus proficisci jubet,

Caes. B. G. 6, 33:

animadvortit fugam ad se vorsum fieri,

Sall. J. 58:

animum advortere ad se vorsum exercitum pergere,

id. ib. 69: ad Cordubam versus iter facere coepit, Auct. B. Hisp. 10 and 11; cf. in-versus:

in Galliam vorsus castra movere,

Sall. C. 56; Sulp. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 12; Traj. ap. Plin. Ep. 10, 78; the Eng. to-ward: to us ward, Psa. 40, 5; and the Gr. eis-de: eis halade, Hom. Od. 10, 351.

con-sto, stĭti, stātum (constātūrus, Sen. Clem. 1, 19, 3; Plin. 18, 5, 6, § 30; Luc. 2, 17; Mart. 10, 41, 5; Lact. Opif. Dei, 7, 11), 1, v. n.

To stand together, stand with some person or thing.

Lit. (very rare):

constant, conserunt sermones inter se drapetae,

Plaut. Curc. 2, 3, 11.—

Trop., to stand with, to agree with, be in accord or agreement, to correspond, fit.

With cum and abl. (cf. consisto, II. B. 3.):

considerabit, constetne oratio aut cum re aut ipsa secum,

Cic. Inv. 2, 14, 45:

sententiā non constare cum superioribus et inferioribus sententiis, etc.,

Auct. Her. 2, 10, 14.—

Absol.:

veri similis narratio erit, si spatia temporum, personarum dignitates, consiliorum rationes, locorum opportunitates constabunt,

Auct. Her. 1, 9, 16.—

With dat.:

si humanitati tuae constare voles,

Cic. Att. 1, 11, 1.—And esp. with sibi, to agree, accord with itself, to remain like one's self, be consistent:

in Oppianico sibi constare et superioribus consentire judiciis debuerunt,

Cic. Clu. 22, 60; so,

with consentire,

id. Univ. 3 init.; id. Fin. 2, 11, 35:

ut constare in vitae perpetuitate possimus nobismetipsis nec in ullo officio claudicare,

id. Off. 1, 33, 119; so,

sibi (opp. titubare),

Quint. 5, 7, 11:

sibi et rei judicatae,

Cic. Clu. 38, 106:

sibi,

Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 16; id. A. P. 127; cf.:

constat idem omnibus sermo,

Liv. 9, 2, 3.—

In the phrase ratio constat, mercantile t. t., the account agrees or is correct, is or proves right:

auri ratio constat: aurum in aerario est,

Cic. Fl. 28, 69:

quibus ratio impensarum constaret,

was correct, accurately kept, Suet. Ner. 30.—

In postAug. prose, esp. in the younger Pliny, transf. from the sphere of business:

mirum est, quam singulis diebus in urbe ratio aut constet aut constare videatur,

Plin. Ep. 1, 9, 1; cf. id. ib. 1, 5, 16; 3, 18, 10; 2, 4, 4; 7, 6, 4; id. Pan. 38, 4; Just. praef. § 5: eam condicionem esse imperandi, ut non aliter ratio [p. 439] constet, quam si uni reddatur, Tac. A. 1, 6 fin. —

With the access. idea of firmness, to stand firm, to remain immovable, unchanging, steadfast, to abide, last, endure, persevere, etc. (very freq. in all perr. and styles).

In gen.:

prius quam totis viribus fulta constaret hostium acies,

Liv. 3, 60, 9; cf.:

nec pugna deinde illis constare,

id. 1, 30, 10:

ut non color, non vultus ei constaret,

id. 39, 34, 7; cf.:

valetudo ei neque corporis neque animi constitit,

Suet. Calig. 50; and:

dum sanitas constabit,

Phaedr. 4, 24, 30:

non mentibus solum consipere, sed ne auribus quidem atque oculis satis constare poterant,

Liv. 5, 42, 3; cf.:

in ebrietate lingua non constat,

Sen. Ep. 83, 27:

mente vix constare,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 17, 39; cf. Liv. 8, 19, 6; 44, 20, 7:

quā in sententia si constare voluissent,

Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 14; cf. Caes. B. G. 5, 36 fin.:

numerus legionum constat,

id. ib. 7, 35:

ceteris exercitibus constare fidem,

Tac. H. 2, 96:

utrimque fides constitit,

kept their word, Liv. 37, 32, 13; 2, 13, 9.— Poet.: cum sint huc forsitan illa, Haec translata illuc;

summā tamen omnia constant,

i. e. the principal sum remains always the same, Ov. M. 15, 258:

postquam cuncta videt caelo constare sereno,

every thing continues in unbroken serenity, Verg. A. 3, 518:

constitit in nullā qui fuit ante color,

Ov. A. A. 1, 120.—

In partic.

Milit. t. t., to stop, halt: multitudinem procul hostium constare videtur, Sisenn. ap. Non. p. 273, 4.—

Of facts, reports, etc., to be established, settled, certain, manifest, evident, well known:

quae cum constent, perspicuum debet esse, etc.,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 17, 40:

eorum quae constant exempla ponemus, horum quae dubia sunt, exempla adferemus, id. mv 1, 38, 68: quod nihil nobis constat,

Caes. B. G. 7, 5:

cum et factum constet et nomen, qualia sint vocatur in dubium,

Cic. Part. Or. 12, 42; cf.:

cum factum constat, sed a quo sit factum in controversiam venit,

Quint. 7, 2, 8; and impers., with acc. and inf.:

mihi multa agitanti constabat, paucorum civium egregiam virtutem cuncta patravisse,

Sall. C. 53, 4; cf.:

quod omnibus constabat, hiemari in Gallia oportere,

Caes. B. G. 4, 29 fin., and Cic. Clu. 13, 38.—

Constat (constabat, constabit, etc., it is settled, established, undisputed, certain, well known, etc.), Cic. Mil. 6, 14; id. Quint. 29, 89; Caes. B. G. 3, 6; 3, 9 al.; Ov. M. 7, 533; Quint. 4, 2, 90 et saep.—So freq.: constat inter omnes, with acc. and inf., all agree, all are convinced:

sed tum nimis inter omnis constabat neminem esse resalutatum,

Cic. Phil. 2, 41, 106:

quae propositio in se quiddam continet perspicuum et quod constare inter omnis necesse est, hanc velle approbare et firmare nihil attinet,

in which all must agree, id. Inv. 1, 36, 62 dub. (B. and K. stare); Caes. B. G. 7, 44; Nep. Alcib. 1, 1; Quint. 6, 1, 8 et saep.; cf.

also: constare inter homines sapientissimos (for which, just after: omnium consensu sic esse judicatum),

Cic. de Or. 3, 1, 3:

inter suos,

Caes. B. G. 7, 47:

inter augures, Liv 10, 6, 7 et saep.: cum de Magio constet,

Cic. Att. 13, 10, 3; cf.:

de facto constat,

Quint. 7, 2, 7; so with de, id. 7, 2, 11; 4, 2, 5:

etsi non satis mihi constiterat, cum aliquāne animi mei molestiā an potius, etc.,

Cic. Fam. 13, 1, 1:

nec satis certum constare apud animum poterat, utrum, etc.,

Liv. 30, 28, 1:

quid cuique sit opus constare decet,

Quint. 3, 9, 8; so id. 3, 8, 25:

quid porro quaerendum est? Factumne sit? At constat. A quo? At patet,

Cic. Mil. 6, 15; so absol., id. Verr. 2, 3, 21, § 54.—

Of a resolve.

Impers.: mihi (ei) constat, = certum est, it is my ( his) fixed determination, I am determined, I am fully resolved (rare): mihi quidem constat, nec meam contumeliam, nec meorum ferre, Anton. ap. Cic. Phil. 13, 19, 42:

neque satis Bruto neque tribunis militum constabat, quid agerent,

were undecided, Caes. B. G. 3, 14:

ut nihil ei constet quod agat,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 15, 35.—

With the resolve as subject:

animo constat sententia,

Verg. A. 5, 748:

cum constitit consilium,

when my mind was fully made up, Cic. Att. 8, 11, 1.—

In gen., as opp. to that which has no existence, to exist, be, abide (esp. in Lucr.):

(corpora) quoniam fragili naturā praedita constant,

Lucr. 1, 582; 1, 246; 1, 510 et saep.:

antiquissimi fere sunt, quorum quidem scripta constent,

Cic. de Or. 2, 22, 93; id. Verr. 2, 2, 76, § 187: qui sine manibus et pedibus constare deum posse decreverunt, id. N. D. 1, 33, 92:

si ipsa mens constare potest vacans corpore,

id. ib. 1, 10, 25.—

With ex, in, de, or the abl. (in Cic. only with ex; cf. Madv. ad Cic. Fin. 4, 8, 19), to consist in or of, to be composed of, to rest upon something, etc.

With ex (very freq. in prose and poetry):

fulminis ignem e parvis constare figuris,

Lucr. 2, 385:

homo ex animo constat et corpore,

Cic. N. D. 1, 35, 98;

id. Fin. l. l.: simplex (jus) e dulci constat olivo,

Hor. S. 2, 4, 64:

ea virtus, quae constat ex hominibus tuendis,

Cic. Off. 1, 44, 157 et saep.—

With in and abl. (very rare):

victoriam in earum cohortium virtute constare,

Caes. B. C. 3, 89 fin.; Nep. Att. 14 fin. —

With de:

partus duplici de semine,

Lucr. 4, 1229.—

With abl. (freq. in Lucr. and Quint.):

aeterno quia constant semine quaeque,

Lucr. 1, 221; 1, 484; 1, 518 et saep.:

agri campis, vineis, etc.,

Plin. Ep. 3, 19, 5:

constat tota oratio longioribus membris, brevioribus periodis,

Quint. 9, 4, 134; 5, 10, 63 et saep.:

causa constat aut unius rei controversiā aut plurium,

id. 3, 10, 1. omnis disciplina memoriā, id. 11, 2, 1. omne jus aut scripto aut moribus, id. 12, 3, 6 et saep.—

Mercantile t. t., like our phrase, to stand at, i. e. to cost; constr. with abl.. gen., etc., of price (cf. Zumpt, Gr. § 444).

Lit.

With abl.:

ut unae quadrigae Romae constiterint quadringentis milibus,

Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 14; Suet. Vit. 19:

filius auro,

Plaut. Truc. 2, 6, 57:

navis gratis,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 19, § 48 (al. stare):

HS. sex milibus tibi constant,

id. ib. 2, 4, 12, §

28: tanto nobis deliciae,

Plin. 12, 18, 41, § 84:

magno tibi,

Plin. Ep. 2, 6, 4:

parvo,

Pall. Febr. 9, 12; cf.

gratis,

Sen. Ep. 104, 34; Aug. Serm. 385, 6.—

With gen.:

(ambulatiuncula) prope dimidio minoris constabit isto loco,

Cic. Att. 13, 29, 2; Suet. Ner. 27 fin.:

quanti funus,

id. Vesp. 19; Juv. 7, 45.—

With adv.: quod mihi constat carius, Lucil. ap. Non. p. 272, 25; so,

vilissime,

Col. 9, 1. 6.—

With sup.:

cujus area super HS. millies constitit,

Suet. Caes. 26.—

Trop.:

edocet, quanto detrimento et quot virorum fortium morte necesse sit constare victoriam,

Caes. B. G. 7, 19:

odia constantia magno,

Ov. H. 7, 47:

imperia pretio quolibet constant bene,

Sen. Phoen. 664.—Hence, constans, antis, P. a. (acc. to II. 1.), standing firm, firm, unchangeable, constant, immovable, uniform, fixed, stable, invariable (freq. and class.).

Lit.:

mellis constantior est natura (sc. quam aquae),

Lucr. 3, 192:

constans uva contra tenorem unum algoris aestusve,

Plin. 14, 2, 4, § 27:

cujus in indomito constantior inguine nervus, Quam nova arbor, etc.,

Hor. Epod. 12, 19:

cursus certi et constantes,

Cic. N. D. 3, 9, 24; cf.:

constans reversio stellarum (with conveniens),

id. ib. 2, 21, 54:

constantissimus motus lunae,

id. Div. 2, 6, 17:

nihil (mundo) motu constantius,

id. N. D. 3, 9, 23; 2, 21, 54:

constanti vultu graduque,

Liv. 5, 46, 3: aetas, the mature age (of an adult), Cic. Sen. 10, 33; cf.:

constans aetas, quae media dicitur,

id. ib. 20, 76:

aetate nondum constanti,

Suet. Galb. 4:

pax,

firm, secure, Liv. 6, 25, 6:

fides,

Hor. C. 3, 7, 4:

an ire comminus et certare pro Italiā constantius foret,

safer, Tac. H. 3, 1. —

Agreeing or accordant with itself, consistent, harmonious:

quemadmodum in oratione constanti, sic in vitā omnia sint apta inter se et convenientia,

Cic. Off. 1, 40, 144:

nihil intellego dici potuisse constantius,

id. Tusc. 5, 9, 25; cf.:

incredibilia an inter se constantia,

Quint. 5, 4, 2:

rumores,

Cic. Fam. 12, 9, 1:

constans parum memoria hujus anni,

Liv. 10, 37, 13:

constans fama erat,

Suet. Caes. 6; so,

opinio,

id. Tib. 39; id. Vesp. 4 al.—

Trop., intellectually or morally certain, sure, steadfast, constant, faithful, steady, unchanging:

firmi et stabiles et constantes amici,

Cic. Lael. 17, 62; cf. Nep. Lys. 2, 2:

quem hominem? Levem? imo gravissimum. Mobilem? imo constantissimum,

Cic. Rosc. Com. 16, 49; cf. opp. varium, id. Fragm. ap. Quint. 6, 3, 48 Spald.:

pater amens at is quidem fuit omnium constantissimus,

a very constant, steadfast man, Cic. Rosc. Am. 14, 41; cf.:

prudens et constans (testis),

Quint. 5, 7, 26; and under adv.:

(Helvidius Priscus) recti pervicax, constans adversus metus,

Tac. H. 4, 5 fin.:

constans Fortuna tantum in levitate suā,

Ov. Tr. 5, 8, 18; cf.: neque fidei constans, neque strenuus in perfidiā, Tac. H. 3, 57:

constantior In vitiis, etc.,

Hor. S. 2, 7, 18.— Adv.: constanter.

(Acc. to A.) Firmly, immovably, steadily, constantly:

manere in suo statu,

Cic. Univ. 13: constanter ac perpetuo placet consilium, Brut. ap. Cic. Ep. ad Brut. 1, 16, 9:

vitiis gaudere constanter,

Hor. S. 2, 7, 6.— Comp.:

ut maneamus in perspicuis firmius et constantius,

Cic. Ac. 2, 14, 45.— Sup.:

impetus caeli constantissime conficiens vicissitudinis anniversarias,

Cic. N. D. 2, 38, 97.—

Harmoniously, evenly, uniformly, consistently:

constanter et aequaliter ingrediens oratio,

Cic. Or. 58, 198:

sibi constanter convenienterque dicere,

id. Tusc. 5, 9, 26; cf. id. ib. 5, 9, 24; in comp., id. ib. 5, 9, 25; in sup., id. ib. 5, 8, 23; id. Ac. 2, 3, 9; so,

hi constanter omnes nuntiaverunt,

with one voice, unanimously, Caes. B. G. 2, 2:

aequabilius atque constantius sese res humanae haberent,

Sall. C. 2, 3:

aequabilius atque constantius regere provincias,

Tac. A. 15, 21 fin. —

(Acc. to B.) Steadily, calmly, tranquilly, sedately:

constanter ac non trepide pugnare,

Caes. B. G. 3, 25; cf.

agere, Auct. B. Afr. 84: proelium inire,

Suet. Vesp. 4; id. Tib. 19:

constanter et sedate ferre dolorem,

Cic. Tusc. 2, 20, 46:

constanter et libere se gerere,

id. Att. 4, 16, 9:

constanter prudenterque fit,

id. Tusc. 4, 6, 12:

constanter delata beneficia (with judicio, considerate, and opp. repentino quodam impetu),

id. Off. 1, 15, 49.— Comp.:

cetera exsequi,

Suet. Aug. 10:

acrius quam constantius proelium inire,

Curt. 4, 6, 14.— Sup.:

amicitias retinere,

Suet. Aug. 66; id. Tib. 45 al.

ef-fĕro or ecfĕro (cf. Neue, Formenl. 2, 766), extŭli, ēlatum, efferre or ecferre, v. a., to bring or carry out, to bring forth (very freq. and class.).

Lit.

In gen.:

ex navi,

Plaut. Am. 2, 1, 82; cf.

tela, etc., ex aedibus Cethegi,

Cic. Cat. 3, 3 fin.:

argentum jubeo jam intus efferri foras,

Plaut. Bacch. 1, 1, 62; cf. id. ib. 4, 9, 127; id. Most. 2, 1, 58; id. Mil. 4, 8, 4:

argentum ad aliquem,

id. Epid. 5, 1, 27; id. Truc. 3, 1, 16:

machaeram huc,

id. Mil. 2, 5, 53; cf. id. Stich. 2, 2, 28:

puerum extra aedes usquam,

Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 48:

cistellam domo,

id. Eun. 4, 6, 15; cf.:

cibaria sibi quemque domo,

Caes. B. G. 1, 5, 3:

frumentum ab Ilerda,

id. B. C. 1, 78, 1:

piscem de custodia,

Col. 8, 17 fin.:

litteras,

Caes. B. G. 5, 45, 4:

mucronem,

Cic. Cat. 2, 1, 2; cf.:

vexilla, signa, arma (e castris, extra fines, etc.),

Liv. 10, 19; 27, 2; 29, 21; Tac. H. 3, 31 al.:

ferrum a latere deripuit, elatumque deferebat in pectus,

id. A. 1, 35 fin.: Colchis pedem, Enn. ap. Non. 297, 20; so,

pedem,

Verg. A. 2, 657; cf.

pedem aedibus,

Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 19:

pedem portā,

Cic. Att. 6, 8, 5; 7, 2, 6; Suet. Tib. 38:

pedem quoquam,

Plaut. Capt. 2, 3, 97:

se hinc (ignis),

Lucr. 6, 89 and 385:

se vallo (equus),

Tac. A. 15, 7:

Furium longius extulit cursus,

Liv. 3, 5; cf.:

Messium impetus per hostes extulit,

id. 4, 29.—

In partic.

Like the Gr. ekpherô, to carry out (of the house) for burial, to bear to the grave, to bury (cf.: cremo, humo, sepelio, prosequor): optumum'st Loces illum efferendum;

nam jam credo mortuus est,

Plaut. Aul. 3, 6, 32; id. Most. 4, 3, 8 sqq.; Ter. And. 1, 1, 90 Don. and Ruhnk.; 1, 1, 101; Cic. N. D. 3, 32, 80; Nep. Att. 17; Liv. 2, 33; 3, 18 fin.; Quint. 8, 5, 21; Suet. Aug. 99; Hor. S. 2, 5, 85; Vulg. Luc. 7, 12.—

Transf.: meo unius funere elata populi Romani esset res publica, carried to burial, i. e. overthrown, destroyed, Liv. 28, 28; 24, 22; 31, 29.—

Of a fruit-bearing soil, to bring forth, bear, produce:

id, quod agri efferant,

Cic. Rep. 2, 4 fin.; id. Brut. 4, 16; cf. also id. Verr. 2, 3, 47 fin.; 86 al.—

Transf.:

ea, quae efferant aliquid ex sese, perfectiores habere naturas quam, etc.,

Cic. N. D. 2, 33 fin.; cf. Quint. 10, 1, 109; poet.:

(Italia) genus acre virum,

Verg. G. 2, 169.—

Of motion in an upward direction (cf.: erigo and educo, II. B. 1.), to lift up, elevate, raise, exalt, Lucil. ap. Non. 297, 25:

aliquem in murum,

Caes. B. G. 7, 47 fin.:

pars operis in altitudinem turris elata,

id. B. C. 2, 8 fin.; cf. Quint. 11, 3, 103; and Suet. Calig. 32:

corvus e conspectu elatus,

Liv. 7, 26:

pulvis elatus,

id. 4, 33:

elata super capita scuta,

Tac. H. 3, 27: jubar (luna), Petron. Poët. 89, 2, 54; poet.:

caput Auctumnus agris extulit,

Hor. Epod. 2, 18.

Trop.

To set forth, spread abroad, utter, publish, proclaim:

clamorem,

to raise, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 73:

quod neque in vulgum disciplinam efferri velint, neque, etc.,

Caes. B. G. 6, 14, 4; cf. Plin. 2, 12, 9:

vocem ejus in vulgus,

Tac. A. 12, 21:

tuum peccatum foras,

Ter. Phorm. 5, 7, 65 Ruhnk.:

hoc foras,

Cic. Phil. 10, 3; so,

clandestina consilia,

Caes. B. G. 7, 1, 6:

rem,

id. ib. 7, 2, 2:

has meas ineptias,

Cic. de Or. 1, 24, 111:

divinitus dicta,

id. ib. 3, 1 fin. et saep.—With a rel. clause:

posteaquam in volgus militum elatum est, qua arrogantia in colloquio Ariovistus usus, etc.,

Caes. B. G. 1, 46, 4.—

In partic., of speech, to utter, pronounce, express, declare:

verbum de verbo expressum extulit,

Ter. Ad. prol. 11:

ut verba inter se ra tione conjuncta sententiam efferant,

Varr. L. L. 8, § 1 Müll.:

si graves sententiae inconditis verbis efferuntur,

Cic. Or. 44, 150; cf. Quint. 9, 4, 13:

quae incisim aut membratim efferuntur, ea, etc.,

Cic. Or. 67; cf. Quint. 9, 4, 33; 8, 3, 40; 10, 2, 17: pleraque utroque modo efferuntur, luxuriatur, luxuriat, etc., id. 9, 3, 7; cf. id. 1, 5, 16; 64; 2, 14, 2.—

In the pass., qs. to be carried out of one's self by passions, feelings, etc.; to be carried away, transported, hurried away: usque adeo studio atque odio illius efferor ira, Lucil. ap. Cic. Tusc. 4, 21 fin.; so,

studio,

Cic. de Sen. 23, 83; id. Att. 1, 8, 2; id. N. D. 1, 20 fin.; Caes. B. C. 1, 45, 2; cf.

cupiditate,

Cic. Div. 1, 24, 49:

vi naturae atque ingenii,

id. Mur. 31, 65:

laetitia,

id. Deiot. 9, 26 (cf. act.:

comitia ista praeclara, quae me laetitia extulerunt,

id. Fam. 2, 10):

incredibili gaudio,

id. Fam. 10, 12, 2; cf. id. Rep. 3, 30; Suet. Caes. 22:

voluptate canendi ac saltandi,

id. Calig. 54:

popularitate,

id. Ner. 53.—

(Acc. to I. B. 3.) To raise, elevate, exalt:

pretia alicujus rei,

Varr. R. R. 3, 6 fin.:

quorum animi altius se extulerunt,

Cic. Rep. 3, 3:

aliquem ad summum imperium per omnes honorum gradus,

id. Cat. 1, 11, 28; cf.:

aliquem supra leges,

Tac. A. 2, 34; and:

aliquem geminatis consulatibus,

id. ib. 1, 3; cf. also id. ib. 4, 40:

aliquem pecunia aut honore,

Sall. J. 49, 4:

patriam demersam extuli,

Cic. Sull. 31, 87; cf. Nep. Dion. 6; Cic. Prov. Cons. 14, 34:

aliquem maximis laudibus,

id. Off. 2, 10, 36; cf. Caes. B. C. 3, 87:

aliquem summis laudibus ad caelum,

Cic. Fam. 9, 14; cf. Nep. Dion. 7 fin.:

aliquid maximis laudibus,

Cic. Lael. 7, 24:

aliquem laudibus,

Tac. A. 3, 72:

aliquem verbis,

Cic. de Or. 3, 14, 52:

aliquid versibus,

id. Rep. 1, 14;

and simply aliquid,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 56; Tac. A. 2, 63:

aliquem in summum odium,

id. H. 4, 42; cf.:

rem in summam invidiam,

Quint. 8, 4, 19.—

In partic., with se, to raise, elevate one's self; to rise, advance (cf.:

appareo, eluceo, exsisto): cum (virtus) se extulit et ostendit suum lumen,

Cic. Lael. 27; cf.

so with a figure borrowed from the heavenly bodies: qua in urbe (Athenis) primum se orator extulit,

id. Brut. 7, 26:

volo se efferat in adolescente fecunditas,

id. de Or. 2, 21.—

In a bad sense, with se, or in the [p. 629] pass., to lift up one's self, to carry one's self high; to be puffed up, haughty, proud on account of any thing (the figure being borrowed from a prancing horse; cf. Liv. 30, 20; and Quint. 10, 3, 10):

nec cohibendo efferentem se fortunam, quanto altius elatus erat, eo foedius corruit (Atilius),

Liv. 30, 30:

quod aut cupias ardenter aut adeptus ecferas te insolenter,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 17, 39:

qui enim victoria se ecferunt, quasi victos nos intuentur,

id. Fam. 9, 2, 2; cf.:

se altius et incivilius,

Flor. 1, 26, 8:

sese audacia, scelere atque superbia,

Sall. J. 14, 11:

hic me magnifice effero,

Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 31:

(fortunati) efferuntur fere fastidio et contumacia,

Cic. Lael. 15, 54:

se efferre in potestate,

to be insolent in office, id. de Or. 2, 84, 342.—Esp. freq. in the part. perf.:

stulta ac barbara arrogantia elati,

Caes. B. C. 3, 59, 3:

recenti victoria,

id. B. G. 5, 47, 4:

spe celeris victoriae,

id. ib. 7, 47, 3:

gloria,

id. B. C. 3, 79, 6:

elatus et inflatus his rebus,

Cic. Agr. 2, 35, 97:

secunda fortuna magnisque opibus,

Nep. Alcib. 7, 3; id. Milt. 7, 2:

elatus ad vanam fiduciam,

Curt. 3, 19, 10;

but also: ad justam fiduciam,

Liv. 27, 8, 7 et saep.—In the act. (rare, and with a fig. perh. borrowed from the wind): is demum vir erit, cujus animum nec prospera (fortuna) flatu suo efferet ( elates, inflates), nec adversa infringet, Liv. 45, 8 fin. —

Ante-class. and very rare, to carry out to the end, to support, endure: laborem, Att. ap. Cic. Sest. 48; cf.: malum patiendo, to get rid of, do away with, Cic. Poët. Tusc. 4, 29, 63 (but not in Lucr. 1, 141, where the better reading is sufferre).—Hence, ēlā-tus, a, um, P. a. (acc. to I. B. 3. and II. C. 2.), exalted, lofty, high (rare; cf.: superbus, insolens, arrogans, etc.).

Lit.:

modo in elatiora modo in depressiora clivi,

Col. 2, 4, 10:

elatissimae lucernae,

Tert. Apol. 53.—

Trop.:

animus magnus elatusque,

Cic. Off. 1, 18, 61; id. Tusc. 1, 40, 96:

verba,

high-sounding, id. Or. 36, 124;

hoc casu elatior Julianus,

Amm. 21, 4, 7; Vulg. Rom. 1, 30:

insula opibus,

Nep. Milt. 7, 2. — Adv.: ēlāte, loftily, proudly:

elate et ample loqui, opp. humiliter demisseque sentire,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 9:

dicere (opp. summisse),

id. Opt. Gen. 4, 10.— Comp.:

se gerere,

Nep. Paus. 2, 3:

elatius et arrogantius praefatur,

Gell. 9, 15, 4.

ef-fĕro, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [ex-ferus], to make wild, savage, fierce (class.; most freq. since the Aug. per.).

Physically:

terram immanitate beluarum efferari,

Cic. N. D. 2, 39, 99:

speciem oris,

Liv. 2, 23; cf.

vultum,

Suet. Calig. 50:

efferantia sese ulcera,

becoming aggravated, malignant, Plin. 26, 14, 87, § 146.— Poet.:

Mars efferat aurum,

i. e. works up into weapons, Stat. Achill. 1, 425; cf.:

homo qui magnae artis subtilitate tantum efferavit argentum,

i. e. wrought into the figures of beasts, App. M. 5, p. 159, 14.—

Mentally:

gentes sic immanitate efferatae,

Cic. N. D. 1, 23; cf. id. Tusc. 4, 14, 32:

militem dux ipse efferavit,

Liv. 23, 5; cf. id. 2, 29:

animos,

id. 1, 19; 25, 26:

ingenia,

Curt. 8, 2; 9, 19:

efferavit ea caedes Thebanos omnes ad exsecrabile odium Romanorum,

exasperated, Liv. 33, 29; cf. Vulg. Dan. 8, 7.—Hence, effĕrātus, a, um, P. a., wild, savage, fierce:

sunt enim multa ecferata et immania, quaedam autem humanitatis quoque habent primam speciem,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 14, 32:

vultus,

Petr. 82, 1:

animi,

Vulg. 2 Macc. 5, 11.— Comp.:

mores ritusque,

Liv. 34, 24.— Sup.:

effectus,

Sen. Ep. 121, 4:

canes in homines,

Jul. Val. Rer. Gest. Alex. M. 3, 18.— Adv.: effĕrāte, fiercely:

saevire,

Lact. 5, 20, 10.

tam, adv. [orig. acc. fem. of the demonstrative root ta-; cf.: tum, tamen], correlative of quam, so, so much, as.

As comparative adverb, demonstrative with correlative quam, introducing comparative clauses of like intensity.

As adjunct of adjectives or participles the intensity of which is expressed by a comparative clause, tam... quam = as... as; negatively, non (neque, nihil, etc.) tam... quam = not so... as.

In comparison between two adjj.:

tam esse clemens tyrannus quam rex importunus potest,

a tyrant may be as mild as a king may be harsh, Cic. Rep. 1, 33, 50 (B. and K. bracket rex):

non tam solido quam splendido nomine,

id. Fin. 1, 18, 61:

tam culpae hostium justus existimator quam gloriosus victor,

Val. Max. 3, 8, 1:

adjuro, tam me tibi vera referre Quam veri majora fide,

things as true as they are beyond belief, Ov. M. 3, 659:

quorum vires quam repentinae tam breves,

Sen. Q. N. 6, 7, 2.—Negatively:

non enim tam praeclarum est scire Latine quam turpe nescire,

Cic. Brut. 37, 140:

ut illa... non tam mirabilia sunt, quam conjecta belle,

id. Div. 2, 31, 66; 2, 36, 76: nec tam Turpe fuit vinci [p. 1836] quam contendisse decorum est, Ov. M. 9, 5. —Tam preceded by comp. clause:

maximeque eam pestilentiam insignem mors quam matura tam acerba M. Furi fecit,

Liv. 7, 1, 8:

quam magni nominis bellum est, tam difficilem existimaritis victoriam fore,

id. 21, 43, 11:

donec quam felices seditiones, tam honorati seditionum auctores essent,

id. 4, 2, 4. —

In a comparison between degrees of intensity, etc., of the same adjective.

As in relative clauses, the adjective repeated (so esp. in Plaut.;

not repeated in English): tam liquidus est quam liquida tempestas esse solet,

as serene as the weather is wont to be, Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 64:

quam placida'st aqua,

id. ib. 3, 2, 165:

tam frictum ego illum reddam quam frictum est cicer,

id. Bacch. 4, 4, 7.—Negatively:

nemo orator tam multa scripsit quam multa sunt nostra,

Cic. Or. 30, 168:

tametsi non tam multum in istis rebus intellego quam multa vidi,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 43, § 94.—

The adjective not repeated.

The terms of comparison being nouns or pronouns:

tam ego fui ante liber quam gnatus tuus ( = quam liber gnatus tuus est),

Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 60:

fieret corium tam maculosum quam est nutricis pallium,

id. Bacch. 3, 3, 30:

tam mihi mea vita quam tua Tibi cara est,

id. Cas. 3, 6, 43:

ni illam mihi tam tranquillam facis quam mare est,

id. Poen. 1, 2, 145:

tam crebri ad terram decidebant quam pira,

id. ib. 2, 38:

tam excoctam reddam atque atram quam carbo'st,

Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 63:

quom fervit maxume, tam placidum (eum) quam ovem reddo,

id. ib. 4, 1, 18:

tam sum misericors quam vos, tam mitis quam qui lenissimus,

Cic. Sull. 31, 87:

tam gratum mihi id erit quam quod gratissimum,

id. Fam. 13, 3:

nulla ingenia tam prona ad invidiam sunt quam eorum qui genus ac fortunam suam animis non aequant,

Liv. 45, 22:

nihil est tam violentum quam magna vis aquae,

Sen. Q. N. 3, 30, 6:

(cum sit) tam aurum et argentum quam aes Corinthium ( = cum aurum et argentum tam sit Corinthium quam aes),

Quint. 8, 2, 8:

(ira) tam inutilis animi minister est quam miles qui signum receptui neglegit,

Sen. Ira, 1, 9, 2.—

Negatively: neque opes nostrae tam sunt validae quam tuae,

Plaut. Cist. 2, 1, 20:

nihil esse tam detestabile tamque pestiferum quam voluptatem,

Cic. Sen. 12, 41:

neque tam condenso corpore nubes esse queunt quam sunt lapides, neque autem tam tenues quam nebulae,

Lucr. 6, 101.—Virtually negative:

quod enim tam infidum mare quam blanditiae principum? ( = nullum tam infidum mare, etc.),

Plin. Pan. 66. — With comp. pregn. (very rare): istam dextram non tam in bellis et proeliis quam in promissis et fide firmiorem, i. e. whose superior trustworthiness is not so much in wars, etc., Cic. Deiot. 3, 8:

vectigal ex agro eorum capimus, quod nobis non tam fructu jucundius est, quam ultione,

Liv. 28, 39, 13. —

With quam in subst.-clause:

quicquid mali hic Pisistratus non fecerit, tam gratum est quam si alium facere prohibuerit,

Cic. Att. 8, 16, 2.—Negatively:

juris interpretatio, quae non tam mihi molesta sit propter laborem quam quod dicendi cogitationem auferat,

Cic. Leg. 1, 4, 12. —

Virtually negative: quid autem tam exiguum quam est munus hoc eorum qui consuluntur?

Cic. Leg. 1, 4, 14.—

With quam in adverb.-clause:

cupam facito tam crassam quam modioli postulant,

Cato, R. R. 21, 1:

si era mea sciat tam socordem esse quam sum,

Plaut. Cist. 4, 2, 5:

tua est imago: tam consimili'st quam potest,

id. Men. 5, 9, 4:

sororem tam similem quam lacte lacti est,

id. Mil. 2, 2, 87.—

Tam with advv.: tam... quam = as ( so)... as; negatively = not so... as.

Comparing an adv. with another adv. or adverb. clause: satin' istuc mihi exquisitum est...? Ar. Tam satis quam numquam hoc invenies secus, with as full certainty as that you will never find this otherwise, Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 106.—Virtually negative:

quis umquam obeundi negotii studio tam brevi tempore tot loca adire potuit, quam celeriter Cn. Pompejo duce tanti belli impetus navigavit?

Cic. Imp. Pomp. 12, 34. —After quam:

nam dictaturam quam pertinaciter ei deferebat populus, tam constanter repulit,

Vell. 2, 89, 5 (the repetition of the adverb is especially frequent in tam diu... quam diu; v. tamdiu).—

The adverb understood after quam: sed tu novisti fidicinam? Tr. Tam facile quam me (quam facile me novi), Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 72:

tam facile vinces quam pirum volpes comest,

id. Most. 3, 1, 26:

tam hercle certe quam ego ted, ac tu me vides,

id. Merc. 1, 2, 77:

tam audacter (ibis intro) quam domum ad te,

id. Truc. 1, 2, 109:

tam facile quam tu arbitraris,

Cic. Div. 1, 6, 10:

tam cito evertetur quam navis, etc.,

id. Rep. 1, 34, 51:

nihil tam cito redditur quam a speculo imago,

Sen. Q. N. 1, 4, 2. —

Negatively: (ira) quia non tam cito in alium quam vult erumpit,

Sen. Ira, 1, 19, 4.—Virtually negative (very freq.):

quasi vero quidquam sit tam valde, quam nihil sapere, vulgare,

Cic. Div. 2, 39, 81. — With sup. adv.: quam potes tam verba confer maxime ad compendium = as much as you can (hence the idiomatic expression: quam maxime = as much as possible), Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 184. —

With verbs: tam... quam = as much... as, as well... as; negatively: non tam... quam, not so much... as.

One verb compared with another:

nam quod edit tam duim quam perduim,

for what he can eat I would give as much as lose, Plaut. Aul. 4, 6, 6:

vellem tam domestica ferre possem quam ista contemnere,

Cic. Att. 13, 20, 4:

utinam tam non pigeat ista facere quam non displicebit,

Quint. 2, 5, 17:

Tyrus et ipsa tam movetur quam diluitur,

Sen. Q. N. 6, 26, 5.—Negatively:

fit quoque enim interdum ut non tam concurrere nubes frontibus adversis possint quam de latere ire,

Lucr. 6, 115.—

The same verb repeated or understood after quam; the compared terms being,

Nouns or pronouns: tam mihi quam illi libertatem hostilis eripuit manus;

tam ille apud nos servit quam ego hic apud te servio,

Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 61:

tam hic scit me habere (pecuniam) quam egomet (i. e. scio),

id. Aul. 3, 6, 12:

quam tu filium tuum, tam me pater me meus desiderat,

id. Capt. 2, 2, 6:

tam huic loqui licere oportet quam isti,

id. Cas. 2, 6, 58:

tam tibi istuc credo quam mihi,

id. Ep. 1, 2, 25:

haec tibi tam sunt defendenda quam moenia,

Cic. Ac. 2, 44, 137:

tam moveor quam tu, Luculle,

id. ib. 2, 46, 141:

tamque id... tuendum conservandumque nobis est quam illud, etc.,

id. Off. 3, 4, 17: amurcam periti agricolae tam in doliis condunt quam oleum aut vinum ( as well as), Varr. R. R. 1, 61:

tam natura putarem vitam hominis sustentari quam vitis, quam arboris,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 24, 56:

sicut pueris, qui tam parentibus amissis flebunt quam nucibus,

Sen. Ira. 1, 12, 4:

meliorque tam sibi quam aliis faciendus (est),

id. ib. 1, 15, 1:

tam solstitium quam aequinoctium suos dies rettulit (i. e. solstitium tam rettulit dies quam rettulit aequinoctium),

id. Q. N. 3, 16, 3:

quoniam orationis tam ornatus quam perspicuitas aut in singulis verbis est aut in pluribus positus (i. e. ornatus tam positus est quam perspicuitas),

Quint. 8, 3, 15. — This construction passes into mere co - ordination: tam vera quam falsa cernimus, as well... as, almost = both... and, Cic. Ac. 2, 34, 111: repentina res, quia quam causam nullam tam ne fidem quidem habebat ( = ut causam nullam, sic ne fidem quidem; cf.

sic),

Liv. 8, 27, 10; so Sall. J. 31, 16; id. H. 1, 41, 24 Dietsch; cf. Liv. 33, 17, 9; Sen. Q. N. 4, 13, 4. —

Negatively: non tam meapte causa Laetor quam illius,

Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 8:

nihil est quod tam obtundat elevetque aegritudinem... quam meditatio condicionis humanae,

Cic. Tusc. 3, 16, 34:

quae compararat non tam suae delectationis causa quam ad invitationes adventusque nostrorum hominum,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 34, § 83:

cujus me facti paenituit non tam propter periculum meum quam propter vitia multa quae,

id. Fam. 7, 3, 2:

qua nulla in re tam utor quam in hac civili et publica,

id. Att. 2, 17, 2:

neque eos tam istius hominis perditi subita laetitia quam hominis amplissimi nova gratulatio movebat,

id. Verr. 1, 8, 21:

Iliensibus Rhoeteum addiderunt, non tam ob recentia ulla merita quam originum memoria,

Liv. 38, 39, 10.—

Object-inff.:

qualis est istorum oratio qui omnia non tam esse quam videri volunt,

Cic. Ac. 2, 14, 44:

quid enim tam pugnat, quam non modo miserum, sed omnino quidquam esse qui non sit,

id. Tusc. 1, 7, 13:

virtute ipsa non tam multi praediti esse quam videri volunt,

id. Lael. 26, 98.—

Subject-inff. or dependent clauses:

ego illud argentum tam paratum filio Scio esse, quam me hunc scipionem contui ( = tam scio, argentum paratum esse, quam scio me, etc.),

Plaut. As. 1, 1, 109:

Parmenonis tam scio esse hanc techinam quam me vivere,

Ter. Eun. 4, 4, 51:

tam teneor dono quam si dimittar onustus,

Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 18:

Acrisium Tam violasse deum quam non agnosse nepotem Paenitet,

Ov. M. 4, 613:

tam perdis operam cum illi irasceris, quam cum illum alteri precaris iratum,

Sen. Ira, 2, 30, 2.—Negatively (so most freq.):

nihil est quod tam deceat quam in omni re gerenda servare constantiam,

Cic. Off. 1, 34, 125:

eundum igitur est, nec tam ut belli quam ut fugae socii simus,

id. Att. 9, 2, a, 3:

nec tam quaerendum est, dolor malumne sit, quam firmandus animus ad dolorem ferendum,

id. Tusc. 2, 12, 28:

non tam ut prosim causis elaborare soleo, quam ut ne quid obsim,

id. Or. 2, 72, 295:

cum ego te non tam vitandi laboris mei causa quam quia tua id interesse arbitrarer, hortatus essem,

id. Top. 1, 2:

auxilia convenerant non tam Vejentium gratia concitata, quam quod in spem ventum erat, etc.,

Liv. 2, 44, 7:

Boji defecerunt, nec tam ob veteres in populum Romanum iras, quam quod, etc.,

id. 21, 25, 2. — So with causal clauses, Cic. Div. in Caecil. 7, 24; id. Or. 3, 30, 119; id. Sest. 64, 135; Liv. 8, 19, 3. —

With quam in adverb.-clause:

tam confido quam poti'st,

Plaut. Stich. 3, 2, 1; and in Cicero's epistolary style, tam esse with predicative force (like ita esse, sic esse;

v. sic): atque ego haec tam esse quam audio non puto ( = tam male esse),

Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 3, § 9.—

Tam with a neg. is sometimes followed by sed with an independent clause, instead of a comp. clause:

quidam autem non tam id reprehendunt, si remissius agatur, sed tantum studium tamque multam operam ponendam in eo non arbitrantur,

Cic. Fin. 1, 1, 1 Madv. ad loc.; cf.:

quae (suaviloquentia) quidem non tam est in plerisque... sed est ea laus eloquentiae certe maxima,

id. Brut. 15, 58.—

With esse and predic. noun:

tam ea est quam poti'st nostra erilis concubina,

Plaut. Mil. 2, 5, 47:

equidem tam sum servos quam tu,

id. Capt. 3, 4, 11:

tam ego homo sum quam tu,

id. As. 2, 4, 83:

nam id nobis tam flagitium'st quam illa Non facere,

Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 68:

tam es tu judex quam ego senator,

Cic. Rab. Post. 7, 17:

tam sum amicus rei publicae quam qui maxime,

id. Fam. 5, 2, 6.—With prep. and its case as predicate:

tam hoc quidem tibi in proclivi quam imber quando pluit,

Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 86:

qui non defendit, nec obsistit, si potest, injuriae, tam est in vitio quam si parentes, etc., deserat,

Cic. Off. 1, 7, 23. —

Negatively: nihil est tam contra naturam quam turpitudo,

Cic. Off. 3, 8, 35. —

With quasi in place of quam:

tam a me pudica est quasi soror mea sit,

Plaut. Curc. 1, 1, 51. —

Quam... tam with compp. = quanto... tanto or quo... eo (ante-class. and poet.): quam magis aerumna urget, tam magis ad malefaciendum viget, Enn. ap. Quint. 9, 3, 15 (Trag. Rel. v. 303 Vahl.):

quam magis adspecto, tam magis est nimbata,

Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 138:

magis quam id reputo, tam magis uror quae meus filius turbavit,

id. Bacch. 5, 1, 5:

quam magis te in altum capessis, tam aestus te in portum refert,

id. As. 1, 3, 6:

quo quaeque magis sunt aspera semina eorum, Tam magis in somnis eadem saevire necessust,

Lucr. 4, 999:

quae quanto magis inter se perplexa coibant, Tam magis expressa ea quae mare... efficerent,

id. 5, 453:

tam magis illa fremens et tristibus effera flammis, Quam magis effuso crudescunt sanguine pugnae,

Verg. A. 7, 787.—With quanto for quam:

quanto magis aetheris aestus cogebant terram, Tam magis, etc.,

Lucr. 5, 484. —With rel. adv. for quam:

verum ubicumque magis denso sunt agmine nubes, tam magis hinc... fremitus fit,

Lucr. 6, 99. — Ellips. of tam:

quam magis specto. minus placet mihi hominis facies,

Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 19.—

Quam... tam with superll. = quanto... tanto or quo... eo (mostly anteclass.; cf.

the class.: ut quisque maxime... ita maxime): quam citissime conficies, tam maxime expediet,

Cato, R. R. 64 (65):

oleum quam diutissime in amurca erit, tam deterrimum erit,

id. ib. 64 (65):

quam acerbissima olea oleum facies, tam oleum optumum erit,

id. ib. 65 (66): quam plurimum [p. 1837] erit, tam citissime canus fiet, id. ib. 157 (158) med.:

quam ad probos propinquitate proxume te adjunxeris, tam optumum est,

Plaut. Aul. 2, 2, 59:

quam maxime huic vana haec suspicio erit, tam facillime patris pacem in leges conficiet suas,

Ter. Heaut. 5, 2, 44:

quam vos facillime agitis, quam estis maxume Potentes, dites, fortunati, nobiles: tam maxime vos aequo animo aequa noscere Oportet,

id. Ad. 3, 4, 56:

quam paucissimos reliqueris, tam optimi fiunt in alendo,

Varr. R. R. 2, 9:

quam quisque pessume fecit, tam maxume tutus est,

Sall. J. 31, 14. —

With quam in immediate succession (to be distinguished from the conj. tamquam, as if):

nam, si a mare abstinuissem, tam quam hoc uterer ( = tam illo uterer quam hoc),

Plaut. Mil. 4, 7, 26:

tam quam proserpens bestia (iste) est bilinguis et scelestus ( = tam bilinguis quam, etc.),

id. Fers. 2, 4, 28: esne tu huic amicus? To. Tam quam di omnes qui caelum colunt, id. ib. 4, 4, 32: vide, homo ut hominem noveris. Sy. Tam quam me, id. Trin. 4, 2, 68: nostine? Da. Tam quam te, Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 15 (for tam diu, with or without quam, quam diu, etc., v. tamdiu).

With a comp. clause understood.

With a comp. clause to be supplied from a preceding sentence:

quae faciliora sunt philosophis... quia tam graviter cadere non possunt (sc. quam alii),

Cic. Off. 1, 21, 73:

cur corporis curandi causa quaesita sit ars, animi autem medicina nec tam desiderata sit..., nec tam culta (i. e. quam corporis medicina),

id. Tusc. 3, 1, 1:

nihil umquam tam eleganter explicabunt (i. e. quam Plato),

id. ib. 1, 23, 55:

non conturbat me expectatio tua, etsi nihil est eis, qui placere volunt, tam adversarium,

id. Ac. 2, 4, 10:

sed ea (plebs) nequaquam tam laeta Quinctium vidit (i. e. quam ejus amici),

Liv. 3, 26, 12: nec minora consequi potuit (Maecenas);

sed non tam concupivit (sc. quam Agrippa),

Vell. 2, 88, 2: nec tibi tam longis opus est ambagibus usquam, nec me tam multam hic operam consumere par est (i. e. quam consumere opus sit, si haec tractare velim), Lucr 6, 1079; so, tam gratia est (colloq.) = non accipio, sed tam gratia est quam esset si acciperem, I thank you just as much; no, thank you:

bene vocas (ad prandium): tam gratia'st,

Plaut. Men. 2, 3, 36: cenabis apud me. Ep. Locata'st opera nunc quidem:

tam gratia'st,

id. Stich. 3, 2, 18: quin tu, quidquid opus'st, audacter imperas? Ps. Tam gratia'st. Bene est tibi;

nolo tibi molestos esse nos,

id. Ps. 2, 4, 23 (in this formula, however, tam is explained by some as a shortened form for tamen; cf. Brix ad Plaut. Men. 386, and v. IV. infra).—

With a general comp. clause understood ( = sic, ita), so ( so much) as I do, as you do, as he did, as I said before, as he is, as you are, etc.

With adjj.: ut vos servem sedulo, quos tam grandi sim mercatus pecunia, have bought you at so high a price, i. e. as I have, Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 8: qui nummi exciderunt quod terram sic obtuere? quid vos maestos tam tristisque conspicor? (sc. as I do, as you are), id. Bacch. 4, 4, 17:

equidem miror, tam catam, tam doctam te et bene eductam, non scire stulte facere,

id. Most. 1, 3, 29:

ordine cum videas tam certo multa creari,

Lucr. 5, 735:

deus ille fuit qui ista in tam tranquillo et tam clara luce locavit,

id. 5, 12:

quorsum igitur tam multa de voluptate?

Cic. Sen. 12, 44:

ut mihi quidem, qui tam magno animo fuerit innocens damnatus esse videatur,

id. Tusc. 1, 42, 100:

inter ista tam magnifica verba tamque praeclara,

id. Fin. 2, 23, 77:

quis est qui complet aures meas tantus et tam dulcis sonus?

as I hear, id. Rep. 6, 18, 18:

tollite hanc: nullam tam pravae sententiae causam reperietis,

id. Phil. 14, 1, 3: et tamen veremur ut hoc quod a tam multis perferatur natura patiatur? ( as it is, sc. suffered), id. Tusc. 2, 20, 46:

ut tam in praecipitem locum non debeat se sapiens committere,

id. Ac. 2, 21, 68:

tam necessario tempore, tam propinquis hostibus,

at so urgent a time as this, Caes. B. G. 1, 16, 6:

supra triginta quinque milia hostium fuerant, ex quibus tam exigua pars pugnae superfuit,

Liv. 39, 31, 14:

tam constantem defensionem Scipionis universus senatus comprobavit,

Val. Max. 3, 7, 1: ceterum... ne tam praeclara lex... oblitteraretur, id. 2, 8, 1:

qui tam crudelem tyrannum occideret,

id. 3, 1, 2:

ne illo quidem tam misero tamque luctuoso tempore civitas nostra virtutis suae oblita est,

id. 3, 2, 7:

tam contraria est pestis,

Plin. 8, 38, 57, § 136:

tam parvo distat ibi tanta rerum naturae diversitas,

id. 5, 11, 12, § 65; so, tamne (cf. sicine):

tamne indignus videar?

Plaut. Merc. 1, 2, 77.—And with sup.:

nondum erat vestris tam gravissimis tamque multis judiciis concisus,

of so great weight, Cic. Phil. 12, 5, 11.—

With advv.:

alienus quom ejus incommodum tam aegre feras, quid me patrem par facere est?

Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 37:

quid est negotii quod tu tam subito domo abeas?

id. Am. 1, 3, 4:

unde ego nunc tam subito huic argentum inveniam miser?

Ter. Phorm. 3, 3, 1:

quia (anima cum corpore) tam conjuncta atque leniter apta'st,

Lucr. 5, 559:

jam mallem Cerberum metueres quam ista tam inconsiderata diceres,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 6, 12:

ista tam aperte et per versa et falsa,

id. Ac. 2, 18, 60:

cum ex co quaereretur cur tam diu vellet esse in vita,

id. Sen. 5, 13:

me pudet tam cito de sententia esse dejectum,

id. Tusc. 2, 5, 14:

etsi hoc quidem est in vitio, dissolutionem naturae tam valde perhorrescere,

id. Fin. 5, 11, 31:

an melius fuerit rationem non dari omnino, quam tam munifice et tam largiter,

as I have shown, id. N. D. 3, 27, 69:

nam quod jus civile tam vehementer amplexus es,

id. Or. 1, 55, 274:

quid tu, inquit, tam mane?

id. Rep. 1, 9, 14: cur hunc tam temere ( as mentioned before) quisquam ab officio discessurum judicaret? Caes. B. G. 1, 40:

quod sua victoria tam insolenter gloriarentur,

id. ib. 1, 14:

cum tam procul a finibus Macedoniae absint,

Liv. 39, 27, 6: non digna exempla quae tam breviter ( as I am going to do) nisi majoribus urgerer, referrentur, Val. Max. 2, 7, 5:

qualis esset quem tam diu tamque valde timuissent,

Nep. Eum. 11, 2; and with sup.: tam maturrime comparavisse, Cato ap. Charis. p. 184 P.—With adverb. abl.: tam crepusculo fere ut amant, Plaut. Fragm. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, 77; cf.:

tam vesperi,

Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 15; v. III. B. 3. infra.—

With verbs:

ut, ni meum gnatum tam amem, tua jam virgis latera lacerentur probe,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 5, 10:

quid, cedo, te, obsecro, tam abhorret hilaritudo?

id. Cist. 1, 1, 55:

quid tam properas?

id. Pers. 4, 6, 11:

cum te video nostrae familiae Tam ex animo factum velle ( = te tam velle nostrae familiae ex animo factum),

Ter. Ad. 5, 7, 21:

age, quaeso, ne tam obfirma te, Chreme,

id. Heaut. 5, 5, 8:

non pol temere'st quod tu tam times,

id. Phorm. 5, 8 (9), 9: Sy. Eamus, namque hic properat in Cyprum. Sa. Ne tam quidem, implying a corresponding gesture, id. Ad. 2, 4, 14:

quam si explicavisset, non tam haesitaret,

i. e. as he does, Cic. Fin. 2, 6, 18.—Sometimes with an adv. to be supplied:

quid ergo hanc, quaeso, tractas tam ( = tam male, or implying a corresponding gesture),

Plaut. Cas. 4, 4, 31:

Graecos in eo reprehendit quod mare tam secuti sunt ( = tam vulgo. or tam temere),

Cic. Att. 6, 2, 3; cf. id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 3, § 9; v. I. C. 2. d, supra. — With esse and predic. noun:

numquam ego te tam esse matulam credidi,

Plaut. Pers. 4, 3, 72.—

Preceded and strengthened by a demonstrative adjective (order: 1. demonstr., 2. tam, 3. adjective, 4. noun; or, 1. demonstr., 2. noun, 3. tam, 4. adjective).

After hic:

etiamne haec tam parva civitas, tam procul a manibus tuis remota, praedae tibi et quaestui fuit?

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 37, § 85:

hunc hominem tam crudelem, tam sceleratum, tam nefarium nolunt judicare,

id. ib. 2, 2, 31, §

77: hunc tamen hominem tam audacem, tam nefarium, tam nocentem,

id. Clu. 14, 42:

haec mea oratio tam longa aut tam alte repetita,

id. Sest. 13, 31:

in hoc tam exiguo vitae curriculo,

id. Arch. 11, 28:

hanc tam taetram, tam horribilem tamque infestam rei publicae pestem,

id. Cat. 1, 5, 11:

in hac tam clara re publica natus,

id. Rep. 1, 19, 31:

hanc rem publicam tam praeclare fundatam,

id. Par. 1, 2, 10:

haec tam crebra Etruriae concilia,

Liv. 5, 5, 8:

in his tam parvis atque tam nullis,

Plin. 11, 2, 1, § 2:

quorsum haec tam putida tendant,

Hor. S. 2, 7, 21:

hac tam prospera pugna nuntiata,

Curt. 3, 11, 16.—

After ille:

ille homo tam locuples, tam honestus,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 6, § 11: illud argentum tam praeclarum ac tam nobile, id. ib. 2, 4, 20, §

44: illud tam grave bellum,

Val. Max. 5, 6, ext. 1:

ne illo quidem tam misero tamque luctuoso tempore,

id. 3, 2, 7.—

After iste:

tamenne ista tam absurda defendes?

Cic. N. D. 1, 29, 81:

ista admonitio tua tam accurata,

id. Att. 6, 1, 20:

quae est ista tam infesta ira?

Liv. 7, 30, 15:

iste tam justus hostis, tam misericors victor,

Curt. 4, 10, 34.—

After id ipsum:

id ipsum tam mite ac tam moderatum imperium,

Liv. 1, 48, 9.—

After tot:

jacere necesse sit tot tam nobiles disciplinas,

Cic. Ac. 2, 48, 147:

tot tam valida oppida,

Liv. 5, 54, 5:

tot tam opulenti tyranni regesque,

id. 25, 24, 13:

inter tot tam effrenatarum gentium arma,

id. 21, 9, 3:

tot tam praeclaris imperatoribus uno bello absumptis,

id. 28, 28, 12; 25, 27, 13; 26, 13, 17; cf.:

cum tot ac tam validae eluctandae manus essent,

id. 24, 26, 13; 8, 12, 4.—

After hic talis:

da operam ut hunc talem, tam jucundum, tam excellentem virum videas,

Cic. Fam. 16, 21, 3.

As demonstr. adv. of intensity, correlative with ut, that, and its equivalents (qui, quin); so only with adjj. and advv. (not with verbs).

Without a negation ( = ita, adeo;

rare before the Aug. period): ni erit tam sincerum (tergum), ut quivis dicat ampullarius Optumum esse operi faciundo corium et sincerissimum,

Plaut. Rud. 3, 4, 51:

quae (maturitas) mihi tam jucunda est ut, quo propius ad mortem accedam, quasi terram videre videar,

Cic. Sen. 19, 71. de qua tam variae sunt doctissimorum hominum sententiae, ut magno argumento esse debeat, etc., id. N. D. 1, 1, 1:

ad eum pervenit tam opportuno tempore, ut simul Domitiani exercitus pulvis cerneretur, et primi antecursores Scipionis viderentur,

Caes. B. C. 3, 36:

tam parandus ad dimicandum animus, ut, etc.,

id. B. G. 2, 21:

tamen tam evidens numen rebus adfuit Romanis, ut putem, etc.,

Liv. 5, 51, 4: infimam plebem natura ipsa tam abjecto tamque imo loco collocavit ut nulla ratione erigi aut sublevari possit, Ps.-Cic. Cons. 6, 22:

tam multa sunt, tamque misera quae perferunt ut nemo sit quin mori saepissime cupiat,

id. ib. 16, 59:

quem constat tam certa acie luminum usum esse ut a Lilybaeo portu Carthaginienses egredientes classes intueretur,

Val. Max. 1, 8, ext. 14:

tam alacri animo suos ad id proelium cohortatus est ut diceret: Sic prandete, etc.,

id. 3, 2, ext. 3:

in Theophrasto tam est loquendi nitor ille divinus ( = tam divinus est) ut ex eo nomen quoque traxisse videatur,

Quint. 10, 1, 83:

(Scipio) bellum in Africam transtulit, tam lentus ut opinionem luxuriae segnitiaeque malignis daret,

Sen. Ira, 1, 11, 6; id. Q. N. 1, 15, 5:

3, 21, 1: tam parvulis in faucibus... ut non sit dubium, etc.,

Plin. 10, 29, 43, § 82:

ipsum Macedonem tam graviter palma percussit ut paene concideret,

Plin. Ep. 3, 14, 7.—

With a negation, or in a question implying a negation.

Before ut (very freq. in the class. period; cf. adeo, poet., e.g. Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 39):

numquam tam dices commode ut tergum meum Tuam in fidem committam,

Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 33:

non tam viva tamen, calidus queat ut fieri fons,

Lucr. 6, 887:

quis umquam praedo fuit tam nefarius, quis pirata tam barbarus ut, etc.,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 50, 146:

non sum tam stultus, ut te usura falsi gaudii frui velim,

id. Fam. 6, 12, 1:

nec, cum id faciebamus tam eramus amentes ut explorata nobis esset victoria,

id. ib. 6, 1, 3:

non essem tam inurbanus ac paene inhumanus uti in eo gravarer quod vos cupere sentirem,

id. Or. 2, 90, 365:

non puto tam expeditum negotium futurum ut non habeat aliquid morae,

id. Att. 13, 31, 1:

nec vero eram tam indoctus ignarusque rerum ut frangerer animo propter, etc.,

id. Phil. 2, 15, 37:

quis tam demens ut sua voluntate maereat?

id. Tusc. 3, 29, 71; so id. Off. 3, 20, 82; id. Tusc. 1, 1, 2; id. Phil. 3, 4, 10:

non enim proferremus vino oppressos... tam absurde, ut tum diceremus, etc.,

id. Ac. 2, 17, 53:

non se tam barbarum ut non sciret, etc.,

Caes. B. G. 1, 44, 17:

nulli sunt tam feri et sui juris affectus ut non disciplina perdomentur,

Sen. Ira, 2, 12, 3:

nemo tam divos habuit faventes, crastinum ut posset sibi polliceri,

id. Thyest. 619.—

With a negation (esp. nemo), followed by qui ( = ut is; class. and freq.); nec quisquam sit tam opulentus qui mihi obsistat in via, [p. 1838] Plaut. Curc. 2, 3, 5:

generi lenonio Numquam deus ullus tam benignus fuit, qui fuerit propitius,

id. Pers. 4, 4, 34:

an ille tam esset stultus qui mihi mille nummum crederet?

id. Trin. 4, 2, 42:

nemo inventus est tam amens, qui illud argentum tam praeclarum ac tam nobile eriperet, nemo tam audax qui posceret, nemo tam impudens qui postularet ut venderet,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 20, § 44:

nemo Agrigenti neque aetate tam affecta neque viribus tam infirmis fuit, qui non illa nocte surrexerit,

id. ib. 2, 4, 43, §

95: nemo est tam senex qui se annum non putet posse vivere,

id. Sen. 7, 24:

nihil tam absurde dici potest, quod non dicatur ab aliquo philosophorum,

id. Div. 2, 58, 119:

nulla gens tam immanis umquam fuit in qua tam crudelis hostis patriae sit inventus,

id. Sull. 27, 76:

quae est anus tam delira quae timeat ista?

id. Tusc. 1, 21, 48:

ecquem tam amentem esse putas qui illud quo vescatur deum esse credat?

id. N. D. 3, 16, 41:

sed neque tam docti tum erant, ad quorum judicium elaboraret, et sunt, etc.,

id. Fin. 1, 3, 7; so id. Sen. 19, 67; id. Lael. 7, 23; id. Tusc. 1, 6, 11; 1, 15, 33; 2, 17, 41; id. Sest. 14, 32; id. Fin. 2, 20, 63; id. Fam. 9, 2, 2; id. Off. 2, 5, 16:

neque tam remisso animo quisquam fuit qui ea nocte conquierit,

Caes. B. C. 1, 21:

in bello nihil tam leve est quod non magnae interdum rei momentum faciat,

Liv. 25, 18, 3:

ut nemo tam humilis esset cui non aditus ad eum pateret,

Nep. Milt. 8, 4:

ecquid esse tam saevum potest quod superet illum?

Sen. Thyest. 196. —

With a negation, followed by quin ( = ut is non;

class. and freq.): nec sacrum nec tam profanum quidquam est quin ibi ilico adsit,

Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 27:

nihil mihi tam parvi est quin me id pigeat perdere,

id. Pers. 4, 6, 8:

nec quisquam est tam ingenio duro, neque tam firmo pectore quin sibi faciat bene,

id. As. 5, 2, 94:

numquam tam mane egredior, neque tam vesperi Domum revortor, quin te... conspicer Fodere,

Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 15:

nil tam difficile'st quin quaerendo investigari possiet,

id. ib. 4, 2, 8:

ut nullus umquam dies tam magna tempestate fuerit, quin... solem homines viderint,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 10, § 26:

numquam tam male est Siculis quin aliquid facete et commode dicant,

id. ib. 2, 4, 43, §

95: nemo est tam afflictus quin possit navare aliquid et efficere,

id. Fam. 6, 1, 7:

ut nemo tam ferus fuerit, quin ejus causam lacrimarit,

Nep. Alcib. 6, 4.

Tam, ante-class., sometimes = tamen:

antiqui tam etiam pro tamen usi sunt,

Fest. p. 360: bene cum facimus, tam male cupimus...; quamquam estis nihili, tam ecastor simul vobis consului, Titin. ap. Fest. l. l.; so,

etsi illi aliter nos faciant quam aequom sit, tam pol noxiae nequid magis sit... nostrum officium meminisse decet,

Plaut. Stich. 1, 1, 44 Fleck., Ritschl:

tam si nihil usus esset, jam non dicerem,

id. Merc. 4, 3, 32 Ritschl; v. Prol. Trin. p. 14 ib.; Brix ad Plaut. Men. 2, 3, 36; Curt. in Rhein. Mus. 6, 84; 6, 93; but cf. contra, Corss. Beitr. p. 272 sqq.

In the dialect of Praeneste: tam modo, just now ( = modo): ilico hic ante ostium;

Tam modo, inquit Praenestinus,

Plaut. Trin. 3, 1, 8 Brix ad loc.; cf. Fest. s. v. tammodo, p. 359; Ritschl, opusc. 2, 372.

rĕ-sīdo, sēdi (in some MSS. also rĕsīdi), 3, v. n., to sit down, to settle anywhere (class.).

Lit.:

residamus, si placet,

Cic. Fin. 3, 2, 9 Madv. N. cr.:

in ripă inambulantes, tum vero residentes,

id. Leg. 1, 5, 15:

(aves) plurimum volant... cetera genera residunt et insistunt,

Plin. 10, 39, 55, § 114:

mediis residunt Aedibus,

Verg. A. 8, 467:

Siculis arvis,

id. ib. 5, 702:

residunt In partem, quae peste caret,

id. ib. 9, 539: loci amoenitate captos in iisdem terris cum virgine resedisse, Just. 13, 7, 8. — Poet.:

jam jam residunt cruribus asperae Pelles,

settle, gather, Hor. C. 2, 20, 9. — In perf.:

consessu exstructo resedit,

Verg. A. 5, 290. —

Transf., of things, to settle or sink down, to sink, subside (cf. consido and decido):

si montes resedissent,

Cic. Pis. 33, 82:

(Nilus) residit iisdem quibus accrevit modis (opp. crescit),

Plin. 5, 9, 10, § 57; Ov. M. 15, 272; cf.:

maria in se ipsa residant (opp. tumescant),

Verg. G. 2, 480; Plin. 33, 4, 21, § 67:

residentibus flammis,

Tac. A. 13, 57.—

Trop. (acc. to I. B.), to sink or settle down, to abate, grow calm, subside:

cum venti posuere omnisque repente resedit Flatus,

Verg. A. 7, 27:

sex mihi surgat opus numeris (i. e. in the hexameter), m quinque residat (i. e. in the pentameter),

Ov. Am. 1, 1, 27 (cf. Coleridge's "falling in melody back"):

(poëma) apte et varie nunc attollebatur, nunc residebat,

Plin. Ep. 5, 17, 2:

si contrarius ventus resedisset,

id. ib. 6, 16, 12:

cum tumor animi resedisset,

Cic. Tusc. 3, 12, 26; cf.: Marcelli impetus, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 2, 2:

impetus animorum ardorque,

Liv. 26, 18, 10:

ardor,

Ov. M. 7, 76; cf.:

sed propera ne vela cadant auraeque residant,

id. A. A. 1, 373:

irae,

Liv. 2, 29:

terror,

id. 35, 38:

bellum,

Hor. C. 3, 3, 30; Verg. A. 9, 643:

clandestinis nunciis Allobrogas sollicitat, quorum mentes nondum ab superiore bello resedisse sperabat,

Caes. B. G. 7, 64, 7:

longiore certamine sensim residere Samnitium animos,

Liv. 10, 28:

ardorem eum, qui resederat, excitare rursus,

id. 26, 19:

tumida ex ira corda,

Verg. A. 6, 407.