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1 anem
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2 anémone
anémone [anemɔn]feminine noun* * *anemɔnnom féminin anemone* * *anemɔn nf* * *anémone nf anemone.anémone de mer Zool sea anemone.[anemɔn] nom féminin2. ZOOLOGIE -
3 ῥήγνυμι
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `to tear (up), to break (to pieces), to burst' (Il.).Other forms: Fut. ῥήξω, aor. ῥῆξαι (all Il.), perf. midd. ἔρρηγ-μαι (θ 137), act. (intr.) ἔρρωγα (Archil., Hp., trag.), ptc. ἐρρηγεῖα (Tab. Heracl.), trans. ἔρρηχα (hell.), aor. pass. ῥαγῆναι (Il.) w. fut. ῥαγήσομαι (A. a.o.), ῥηχθῆναι (late); new pres. ῥήσσω, ῥήττω (Hp., hell.; to ῥῆξαι, ῥήξω).Compounds: Often w. prefix, e.g. ἀπο-, δια-, ἐκ-, κατα-, περι-. As 1. member in verbal governing compp. ῥηξ(ι)-, e.g. ῥηξ-ήνωρ adjunct. of Achilles, `breaking the (rows of) men' (Hom.) with - ηνορίη (ξ 217); cf. Sommer Nominalkomp. 180; diff. Muller Mnem. 46, 135ff.: to Lat. regō (by Kretschmer Glotta 11,249 rightly doubted); Jernstedt (s. Idg. Jb. 14, 151): to ῥήσσω `to throw (down)'; cf. the lit. on ἀνήρ.Derivatives: A. With full grade: 1. ῥῆγμα ( ἔκ-, σύν-) n. `tore, cleft, breach' (IA.) with ῥηγματίης, - τώδης (Hp.); 2. ῥηγμός `id.' (pap. IIIa); 3. ῥηγμίν (- μίς), - μῖνος f. `breaking down of a cart, breaking of the sea' (ep. Il.); ῑν-deriv.; cf. Chantraine Form. 168, Schwyzer 465; after Pisani Ist. Lomb. 73: 2, 40 influenced by θῑν ( θίς); 4. ῥῆξις ( κατά-, περί- etc.), Aeol. Ϝρῆξις f. `breaking through, breach' (Alc., Hp., E., Arist.) with ῥηκτικός ( κατα-) `fragile, brittle' (Hp., Aët.); 5. ῥήκτης m. "the disruptor", des. of a certain form of earthquake (Arist., Lyd.); 6. Ϝρηγαλέον (cod. τρ-) διερρωγότα H.; cf. below B 4 and Leumann Hom. Wörter 273; 7. αὔρηκτος = ἄ-Ϝρηκτος `unbroken' (Hdn. Gr.). -- B. With ω-ablaut: 1. ῥώξ f. only ῥῶγας acc.pl. (χ 143) `tore' = `narrow passage' (cf.Wace JHSt. 71, 203ff., Bérard REGr. 67, 23ff.), further in prefixcompp., e.g. ἀπορρώξ `torn off', f. `torn off piece, outflow' (ep. poet. Il.); 2. διαρρωγή f. `gap, interspace' (Hp.); ῥωγαί ῥήξεις H.; 3. ῥωγάς, - άδος `torn up, cleft' (hell. poetry.); 4. ῥωγαλέος `torn up, full of holes' (Hom.); 5. ῥωγμή f. `breach, tore' (Hp., Arist.) with ῥωγματίης (Hp. ap. Gal.; cf. A 1); ῥωχμός m. `tore, cleft, gap' (Ψ 420, hell. ; \< - σμο-, Schwyzer 493), - μαί pl. `id.' (Marc. Sid.). -- C. With zero grade: 1. ῥαγή ( δια-), ῥαγάς, ῥάγδην, ῥαγδαῖος s. ῥαγή; 2. ῥάγος n. `rag, shred' (pap. IIp), ῥαγόεις (Nic.) after ῥάκος (s.v.), - όεις; 3. περιρραγ-ής `broken around' (AP; from περι-ρραγῆναι).Origin: IE [Indo-European] [1182] *wreh₁ǵ- `break'Etymology: With ῥήγνυμι \< *Ϝρήγνυμι (cf. Ϝρῆξις, Ϝρηγαλέος) agrees semant. exactly primary Arm. ergic-anem, aor. ergic-i with the usu. caus. ergic-uc̣anem `tear apart, break'. Also phonetically they agree well except the stemvowel, as Arm. ergic-anem prop. requires an IE diphthong (u̯reiǵ-) against Gr. ῥηγ- \< u̯rēg-. If the regular phonetic development was not disturbed by one or other derailment, what would hardly suprise with a verb of this meaning, the verbs must be seprated; cf. Frisk Etyma Armen. 29 (with another hypothesis on ergicanem). Phonetically doubtful but semant. less convincing is the comparison (since Meillet MSL 9, 142) with a Balto-Slav. verb for `beat etc.' in Lith. rė́žti `cut, incise, beat', OCS rězati ' κόπτειν', Russ. rézatь `cut, slaughter' usw., to which also a.o. Russ. razítь `beat'; cf. on ῥάσσω w. lit.; older lit. in Bq and WP. 1, 319 a. 2, 344. The forms with ῥαγ- must be secondary (as *u̯r̥h₁ǵ- would give Ϝρηγ-).Page in Frisk: 2,652-653Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ῥήγνυμι
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4 ainmhidh
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5 (г.) Анем
Bible: Anem -
6 Association of Independent Electronic Media
Foreign Ministry: ANEMУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > Association of Independent Electronic Media
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7 Анем
Bible: (г.) Anem -
8 anémomètre
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9 ἐλαύνω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `drive, push, beat out (metal)', intr. `drive, ride' (on the meaning in the Epos cf. Trümpy Fachausdrücke 95f., 115f.);Other forms: also ἐλάω in inf. ἐλάᾱν, ptc. ἐλάων, impf. ἔλων (Hom.), ipv. ἔλα (Pi.), ἐλάτω, - άντω, - άσθω (Dor. inscr.) etc. (further Schwyzer 681f.), aor. ἐλάσ(σ)αι, - ασθαι, fut. ἐλάω, perf. med. ἐλήλαμαι (Il.), - ασμαι (Hp. usw.), act. ἐλήλακα (Hdt.), aor. pass. ἐλα(σ)θῆναι (Hdt.)Derivatives: Nomina actionis: ἔλασις `march (of an army), ride, expulsion etc.' (Ion.-Att.), often of the prefixed verbs: δι-, ἐξ-, ἐπ-, περι-έλασις etc. (see Holt Les noms d'action en - σις, s. index); rare ἐλασία `ride, march' (X.) with ἀπ-, ἐξ-, ἐπ-ελασία (hell.), after βο-ηλασία etc. (from βο-ηλατέω, - άτης), cf. Schwyzer 468f., Chantr. Form. 83f.; ἔλασμα `chased metal, tin, probe' (Ph. Bel., Gal.) with ἐλασμάτιον (Delos IIa, Dsc.); ἐλασμός = ἔλασμα, ἔλασις (Aristeas); ἔλατρον `flat cake' (Miletos Va), vgl. ἐλατήρ. Nom. agentis: ἐλατήρ `driver' (Il.) with ἐλατήριος `driving off' (A. Ch. 968 [lyr.]), normally `carrying away, purging', n. `purgative' (Hp.; s. Andre Les ét. class. 24, 41); ἐλατήρ `flat cake' (Com.); ἐλάτης `driver' (E. Fr. 773, 28 [lyr.]) from βοηλάτης (with βοηλατέω, - σία, s. above), ἱππηλάτης, Fraenkel Nom. ag. 2, 31f.; ἐλάστωρ `id.' ( App. Anth. 3, 175); ἐλαστής `id.' (EM); ἐλατρεύς ὁ τρίτην πύρωσιν ἔχων τοῦ σιδήρου παρὰ τοῖς μεταλλεῦσιν H.; see Boßhardt Die Nomina auf - ευς 82f.; also as PN (θ 111); s. Boßhardt 120. Verbal adj.: ἐλατός `malleable, beaten' (Arist.), ἐξ-ήλατος `beaten' (Μ 295; several compounds like ἱππ-ήλατος, θε-ήλατος (Ion.-Att.); ἐλαστός `id.' (pap.). - Desiderat. ἐλασείω (Luc.), iterative preterite ἐλάσασκεν (Β 199). - On ἐλασᾶς and ' Ελάστερος s. vv.Etymology: Basis is ἐλᾰ- \< * h₁elh₂-; ἐλαύνω from a verbal noun *ἐλα-Ϝαρ, ἐλα-υν- (to ἐλά-ω like *ἀλε-Ϝαρ, ἀλέ-(Ϝ)ατα to ἀλέω, s. v.). A sec. formation is ἐλαστρέω (s. Έλάστερος s. v). - No certain cognate. (Arm. eɫanim `become' is improbable. Arm. elanem `go out, up' belongs to the verbs in - anem = gr. - άνω). For the Celtic nā-present OIr. ad-ellaim `go to, visit' could belong to πίλναμαι. Other Celtic forms have ( p)el-.Page in Frisk: 1,482-483Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἐλαύνω
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10 ἐνεγκεῖν
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `bring', resultative (Att., Pi., B., Hp.),Other forms: ἐνέγκαι Aor.Compounds: often with prefix: ἀπ-, εἰσ-, ἐξ-, κατ-, προσ- etc.; aor. pass. ἐνεχθῆναι with fut. ἐνεχθήσομαι, perf. act. ἐνήνοχα, med. ἐνήνεγμαι; as present there is φέρω, as fut. οἴσω. As 2. member with comp. lengthening in δι-, δουρ-, ποδηνεκής etc. (s. vv. and δόρυ).Derivatives: verbal noun ὄγκος s. v.Origin: IE [Indo-European] [316] *h₁neḱ- `bring', [??] *h₂neḱ- `attain, reach'Etymology: ἐνέγκαι is an innovation after ἐνεῖκαι (s. v.). Beside ἐγκ- (*h₁nḱ-) there is ἐνεκ- (*h₁neḱ-); with ο-ablaut, Attic reduplication and aspiration ἐν-ήνοχ-α \< *h₁ne-h₁noḱ- (only ο-grade in κατ-ήνοκα H.). Cross of ἐγκ- and ἐνεκ- gave ἐν-ήνεγκται; further influence of ἐνεῖκαι resulted in ἐν-ήνειγκ-ται, ἤνειγκαν a. o. (Att. inscr.). - No exact parallels. IE enḱ-, onḱ- in reduplicated Skt. perf. ān-ámś-a `I have attained' (*h₁e-h₁neḱ-). More widespread is h₁neḱ-, h₁noḱ-: e. g. Lith. neš-ù, OCS nes-ǫ `I bring', and in several verbs for `attain'; e. g. Skt. náśati `attains' (cf K. Hoffmann, Münch. Stud. 2 [new impression] 121ff.), in Germ., e. g. Goth. ga-nah `ἀρκεῖ, it reaches = suffices'. With zero grade (IE *h₁n̥ḱ-) Skt. aś-nó-ti `reaches'. Prob. also Arm. has-anem, aor. has-i `reach'. Further one compares: Hitt. ninink- `raise' (to Lith. -ninkù, -nìkti, Benveniste BSL 50, 40), with nakkiš `heavy', Toch. B eṅk-, A ents- `take'; not here Hitt. ḫink- `hand over, reach'. - W.-Hofmann s. nanciō; Fraenkel Lexis 2, 186. Greek details Schwyzer 647, 744f., 766. - An extra problem is provided by Celtic, e. g. OIr. t-ānac `I came', which must be from another root with h₂-, *h₂e-h₂noḱ-. First distinguished by Kuiper, Nasalpräs. 50). Here perh. also διᾱνεκής. Here also Lat. na-n-c-īscor (nasal present), nactus sum `attain'. - Most difficult is the aorist ἐνεγκεῖν. The development of a form *h₁ne-h₁n̥ḱ-o- is unknown (*ἐνεακο-?? the form would loose its nasal); Beekes, MSS 38, 1979, 18ff. Cowgill operated with a root *Hnenḱ-, Evid. for Laryngeals, 154, n. 22.Page in Frisk: 1,512-513Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἐνεγκεῖν
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11 θιγγάνω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `touch with the hand, occupy onseself with' (Ion. Dor. Arc.; not in real Attic or in Hom.; Wackernagel Unt. 222).Other forms: Aor. θιγεῖν (Lac. σιγῆν Ar. Lys. 1004), fut. med. προσ-θίξῃ (E. Herakl. 652; codd. - εις), τεθίξομαι (E. Hipp. 1086), aor. pass. θιχθῆναι (S. E.),Derivatives: θίξις `touch' (Hp., Arist.), θίγμα `id.' (Pergam.), `staining' ( θιγμάτων μιασμάτων H.); uncertain θίγημα (AP 12, 209; cod. φιλήματα) and θιγάνα `cover?' (Delph., Labyad-inscr. C 39).Etymology: With θιγγάνω, with its double nasalization, agrees in Lat. infixed fingō `spread, knead, form, shape', in Arm. the suffixed diz-anem `heap up'. This etymology (doubts in Schwyzer 701 and in W.-Hofmann s. fingō) presupposes however, that an original χ (IE ǵh) after nasal became γ (which is incorrect, cf. ὄμφαλος; on θάμβος s.v.); from the present the γ would have gone to the aorist θιγεῖν (for *τιχεῖν). Sanskrit has an athematic root present déhmi `smear', IE *dhéiǵh-mi, with 3. pl. ipf. ádihan (= ἔθιγον?); here also Goth. pres. ptc. dat. Þamma digandin `τῳ̃ πλάσαντι'. - Further cognates s. τεῖχος.Page in Frisk: 1,674-675Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > θιγγάνω
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12 λείχω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `lick' (IA).Compounds: also with περι-, δια-, ἀνα-, ἐκ- a.o.. As 1. member in Λειχ-ήνωρ a. other parodising PN (Batr.).Derivatives: λειχήν, - ῆνος m. "the licker", `lichen, efflorescence, moss' (A., Hp., Thphr.; on the formation Schwyzer 487, Chantraine Form. 167) with λειχήν-η plantname = μυρτάκανθος (Dsc.), - ώδης, - ικός `lichen-like' resp. `belonging to moss' (medic.), - ιάω `have the λ.' (Thphr.). - ἔκλειγ-μα (: ἐκ-λείχω) `tablette, bonbon', ἐκλεικ-τόν `id.' (medic.). - With diff. ablaut: 1. λιχανός ( δάκτυλος) m. `the lick-, i.e. forefinger' (Hp., pap.), with oppositive accent (Schwyzer 380) λίχανος m. `the string stricken by the forefinger' (Aristox., Arist.); λιχάς, - άδος f. `the distance between the forefinger and the thumb' (Hero, Poll.), after διχάς, πεντάς a. o. (s. Chantraine 358) for expected *λιχανάς. 2. λιχμάομαι, - άω, also with ἀπο-, περι- a. o., `lick' (since Φ 123; λελιχμότες Hes. Th. 826 prob. analogical innovation with Leumann Hom. Wörter 218; hardly for *λελοιχότες to λείχω with Fraenkel Mél. Boisacq 1, 378) with λιχμ-ήμων, - ήρης `licking' (Nic.), λιχμάς θρῖναξ. καὶ ἁπαλη πόα καὶ χαμαιπετής, ἥν τὰ ἐρπετὰ ἐπιλείχουσι H.; lengthened forms λιχμάζω (Hes. Sc. 235, Nic.), - αινω (Opp.) `id.' 3. λίχνος `fond of sweets, greedy, rapacious, sweet' (Att., hell.) with λιχνώδης `id.' (Ael.), λιχνότης `greediness' (sch.); denom.. verb λιχνεύω, - ομαι, also with ἐπι-, περι-, `be greedy, swallow' (D. H., Ph., Plu.) with λίχνευμα `titbit' (Sophr.), λιχνεία `dainty, rapacity' (Pl., X.).Origin: IE [Indo-European] [668] *leiǵh- `lick'Etymology: Beside the thematic rootpresent λείχω, from which all other stemforms derive, there are in the related languages several formations: full grade yotpresent in Lith. liežiù, OCS ližǫ; nasalpresent in Lat. lingō; iterative-formations in Goth. bi-laigon, Lith. laižýti (IE *loiǵh-); several full grade formtions in Arm. liz-um, -em, - anem; zero grade form in OIr. ligim, with expressive gemination in OHG lecchōn ' lecken' etc. An athematic presens with old ablaut is retained in Skt. léh-mi, 1. pl. lih-más (IE *léiǵh-mi, *liǵh-més); that Greek also once had zero grade verbal forms, is shown by the nouns λιχανός (: πιθανός a.o.; Chantraine Form. 197), λίχνος (with remarkable barytonesis, Schwyzer 489) and the denominative λιχμάομαι, which presupposes an μ-stem λιχ-μ- (Schwyzer 725 n. 9). - More forms in WP. 2, 400f., Pok. 668, W.-Hofmann s. lingō, Fraenkel s. liẽžti, Vasmer s. lizátь.Page in Frisk: 2,102Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > λείχω
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13 νεβρός
Grammatical information: m., f.Meaning: `young of the deer, fawn' (Il.).Compounds: As 1. member e.g. in νεβρο-τόκος `bringing forth fawns' (Nic.).Derivatives: Several derivv, most poet. a. late 1. Subst.: νεβρίς, - ίδος f. `fawnskin' (E.) with νεβρίδ-ιον (Artem.) and νεβριζω `wear a fawnskin' (D. 18, 259, beside κρατηρίζω `drink a bowl', of the participants of a Dionysosfeast), νεβρισμός `wearing νεβρίς' (gramm.); νεβρῆ f. `id.' (Orph.); νεβρίας m. name of a shark ( γαλεός, Arist.; because of the colour, cf. Thompson Fishes s.v.), ἔλαφος νεβρίας H. s. λάδας; νέβρακες οἱ ἄρρενες νεοττοὶ τῶν ἀλεκτρυόνων H. (cf. σκύλαξ, πόρταξ and Chantraine Form. 379); νεβρίτης λίθος (Orph.), - ῖτις (Plin.), because of the colour (Redard 58). -- 2. Adj.: νέβρινος (S.), νέβρειος (Call., APl.) `of a fawn', νέβρειον name of the Pastinaca sativa (Ps.-Dsc.; Strömberg Wortstudien 50); νεβρώδης `fawnlike' (AP). -- 3. Verb: νεβρόομαι `be changed into a fawn' (Nonn.).Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: With νεβρός agrees exactly Arm. nerk, -oy `colour', if from IE *( s)negʷro-. It is derived from nerk-anem `colour', which has the form of a primary verb (aor. nerk-i). But the word for `deer' has nothing to do with it. Deer and hind are often called after their colour, e.g. πρόξ, προκάς `deer- or roe-like animal' to περκνός `speckled', πρεκνόν ποικιλόχροον ἔλαφον H. Also Lat. niger `black' has been compared; on the meaning cf. a.o. περκνός also `darkspotted, blackish' and Porzig Gliederung 167 (doubts in W.-Hofmann s.v.). But the meaning has nothing to do with `deer'. -- Diff. on nerk (backformation from primary nerkanem with a very complicated etymology) Belardi Ric. ling. 1, 147 f.; s. also Pagliaro Rend. Acc. Linc. 8: 16, 2 n. 6.Page in Frisk: 2,Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > νεβρός
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14 οἴχομαι
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `to go (away), to leave, to disappear, to die' (Il.), mostly to indicate an entered situation, where the accompanying or preceding action is expressed by a pres. ptc.: `gone away, vanished, be away, gone thither'; on the aspect Schwyzer-Debrunner 274 a. 392, Bloch Suppl. Verba 28ff.;Other forms: fut. οἰχήσομαι (Att.), perf. ᾤχωκα, οἴ- (Κ 252), ᾤχηκα (Κ 252 v. l., hell.), midd. ᾤχημαι, οἴ- (Ion.).Derivatives: Besides οἰχνέω `to go, to come, to walk, to approach', also with ἐξ-, εἰσ- a.o. (Hom., Pi., trag.), also = οἴχομαι (S.). -- No derivv. A hypothesis on the PlN Οἰχαλία in Ziehen Arch. f. Religionswiss. 24, 51 f.Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: With οἴχ-ομαι: οἰχ-νέ-ω cf. ὑπ-ίσχ-ομαι: ὑπ-ισχ-νέ-ομαι and Schwyzer 696. The enlarging η of the fut. also came into the perfect; from some semant. close example ( μέμβλωκα?) came the early attested οἴχ-ω-κα (Schwyzer 774 w. n. 2 a. lit.; cf. Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 424 w. n. 3). -- The main problem with οἴχομαι concerns the curious meaning, which seems to have been foreign to the durative-infective οἰχνέω (so οἴχομαι orig. aoristpres.?). An acceptable connection provides Arm. iǰanem (nasal pres. like οἰχνέω), aor. 3. sg. ēǰ (\< * oigh-e-t; cf. ᾤχετο) `come down, alight' (Scheftelowitz BB 28, 311); further there are some isolated Celt. and Lith. nouns: OIr. óegi `guest' (\< * oigh-ēt-; as γόης, πένης; meaning like Arm. iǰ-awor); Lith. eigà f. `course' (Pedersen Vergl. Gramm. 1, 101, Prellwitz s.v.). Polyinterpretable are Hitt. igāi- `perish' and Toch. B yku `gone'; cf. Kronasser Studies Whatmough 125. If one separates the velar media asp. gh, we get ei- `go', so hat the etymological analysis ends in a bloodless abstraction. Details w. further lit. in WP. 1, 104 (Pok. 296). S. also ἴχνος.Page in Frisk: 2,371-372Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > οἴχομαι
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15 πτύ̄ω
πτύ̄ωGrammatical information: v.Meaning: `to spew, to spit' (Hom.).Other forms: Aor. πτύ-σαι (Hom.), pass. πτυ-σθῆναι, - ῆναι (Hp.), fut. πτύσ-ω, - ομαι (IA.), perf. ἔπτυκα (late).Derivatives: 1. ἀπό-, κατά-πτυστος `worth to be spat upon, abominable' (Anacr., trag., also Att. prose); 2. πτύσις ( ἔκ-, ἔμ-, ἀνά-) f. `the spewing' (Hp., Arist.); 3. πτυσμός m. `id.' (Hp.); 4. πτύσμα ( ἔμ-, ἀπό-, κατά-) n. `spittle' (Hp., Plb., LXX); 5. ἀπο-πτυστήρ m. "the spitter" (Opp.); 6. πτυάς, - άδος f. des. of a venomous snake (Gal. a. o.); 7. πτύ-αλον, - ελον n. (- ος m.) `spittle' (Hp., Arist.), from which - αλώδης `spittle-like', - αλίζω, - ελίζω `to secrete spittle' with - αλισμός (- ελ-) m. (Hp.).Origin: IE [Indo-European] [999] *spi̯(e)uH- `spew, spit'Etymology: Beside the present πτύ̄-ω with long vowel (Schwyzer 686, Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 373) there is the aorist πτῠ́-σαι with short vowel as in ἐρῠ́-σαι, ἀρῠ́-σαι a.o.; after this πτῠ́-σις and with anorganic σ πτύσ-μα, - μός a.o. -- Onomatop. expression, found in several languages in somewhat varying form: Lat. spuō, Germ., e.g. Goth. speiwan, Lith. spiáu-ju, -ti (from * spieuH-?), and in Skt. (niḥ-)ṣṭhī́vati (spiHu̯-? with t-v dissimilated from p-v); without s- as πτύω: CS pljujǫ, plǰьvati (from *pi̯u-\/pi̯uu̯-?), Arm. t`uk` `spittle' with t`k`-anem `spew, spit'; with diff. sequence of sounds Alb. pshtyj (Mann Lang. 26, 387). Greek πτ- can, if old, agree with Arm. t` ; if for older πι̯- OCS plǰujǫ and Lith. spiáuju can be compared. On the attempts to reduce the deviating forms to one preform, cf. Schwyzer 325 Zus. 3, WP. 2, 683 (Pok. 999f.), W.-Hofmann s. spuō (all w. lit.); further Collinder Ein indoeuropäisches Wohllautgesetz (Uppsala 1943) 9 f., 14. Well-founded objections against assuming a strict base-form for this popular-expressive expression in Persson Beitr. 1, 270 and Ernout-Meillet s. spuō. -- Greek too presents several variants: ἀπο-, ἐκ-πῡ-τίζω (Hp., com., Arist.; simplex πυτιζω only EM), prob. expressively enlarged with dissimilation (Lat. LW [loanword] pytissāre, cf. Leumann Kl. Schr. 159 w. n.1); Dor. ἐπι-φθύσδω = ἐπιπτύω (Theoc.); ψύττει πτύει and σίαι πτύσαι. Πάφιοι H. with σίαλον (s.d.).Page in Frisk: 2,617-618Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > πτύ̄ω
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16 στέλλω
στέλλω, - ομαιGrammatical information: v.Meaning: `to put in order, to make ready, to equip, dress with weapons, clothes etc.; to prepare (for a journey), to dispatch'; also `to furl, take in the sails, to tie up, to constrain'; midd. esp. `to summon, to fetch, to prepare (for a journey), to set off' (also act. intr.). `to dress'.Other forms: Aor. στεῖλαι, - ασθαι (Il.), Aeol. ἀπο-, ἐπι-στέλλαι, fut. στελ-έω (β 287 a.o.), -ῶ, - οῦμαι (Att.). Aor. pass. σταλ-ῆναι (Pi., IA.), - θῆναι (hell.), perf. pass. ἔσταλμαι (IA.), act. ἔσταλκα (Att.), ἔστολα (gramm.).Compounds: Very often w. prefix with variaous shades of neaning, e.g. ἀπο-, δια-, ἐπι-, κατα-, περι-, συν-, ὑπο-. As 2. member e.g. ἰδιό-στολος `having one's own equipment, equipped at one's own expense, making one's own journey' (Plu. a.o.), πυγο-στόλος adjunct of γυνή (Hes. Op. 373; on the debated meaning Martinazzoli Par. del Pass. 15, 203ff.); ναυ-στολ-έω `to send on a ship, to navigate, to steer (a ship)' (Pi., S., E., late prose; ναύ-στολος only A. Th. 858 [lyr.; doubted]; cf. ναυ-μαχέω, οἰνο-χοέω a.o. in Schwyzer 726); ἀκρο-στόλ-ιον n. `decorated end of the rostrum' (Callix., Str., D.S. etc.); ἀπόστολ-ος (: ἀπο-στέλλω) m. `envoys, fleet-expedition' (IA.), `apostle' (LXX, NT). As 2. member e.g. μελανό-στολος `with a black garment' (Plu.).Derivatives: A. 1. στόλος m. `equipment (of a campaign), campaign by water and by land, fleet, army, troop, legion, march' (Pi., IA.); also `rostrum' (Pi., trag.)`outgrowth, stump, appendage' (Arist.); cf. below. 2. στολή (Aeol. σπόλα; cf. below) f. `armor', usu. `dress, garment' (IA.), `obstruction, pressure, constraint' (Epicur., medic.); ἀπο-, δια- ἐπι-στολή a.o. (: ἀπο-στέλλω) `sending resp. extension, mission or letter' (IA. etc.) with ἀποστολ-εύς m. `officials for equipping and dispatching the fleet' (Att.) a.o., s. Bosshardt 53 f. From this the dimin. στόλ-ιον n. (Delos IIa, AP a.o.); στολ-άς f. `jacket' (Ael.); στολ-ίς f. `dress', pl. `folds' (E., Arist. etc.) with - ίδιον, - ιδώδης, - ιδόομαι, - ίδωμα, - ιδωτός. - From στολή and στόλος: στολ-ίζω, also w. κατα-, συν-, ὑπο- `to place in order, to equip, to dress' (Hes. Op. 628, E., hell. a. late), - ισις, - ισμα, ισμός, - ιστής, - ιστήριον, - ιστεία; - άζομαι `to dress' in ἐστολάδαντο (metr. inscr. Marathon IIp; cf. ἐρράδαται a.o. Schwyzer 672). -- 3. στολμός m. `equipment, clothing' (A., E.). -- B. στέλμα στέφος, στέμμα H. (correct?); στελμονίαι ζώματα H. (= X. Cyr. 6, 1); cf. ἁρ-μον-ία a.o., Scheller Oxytonierung 58f. -- C. 1. - σταλ-μα, only from the prefixed ἐπι-στέλλω etc.: ἐπί-, διά-, ἀπό-σταλμα n. `public mission etc.' (Thphr., pap.). 2. διασταλ-μός m. `assessment' (pap. VIp). 3. στάλ-σις f. `obstruction' (Gal.), διά- στέλλω `destination, treaty' (LXX). 4. ἀνα-, δια-, περι- etc. - σταλτικός (late). --5. On στάλιξ s. v.Origin: IE [Indo-European]X [probably] [1019] * stel- `put (up), stand'; also [985] * spel- `split'?Etymology: The above forms form in spite of all semantic differentiation a well kept together formal system. Outside the wide semantic cadre are, however, στόλος in the sense of `ships beak a.o.', a meaning which seems difficult to connect with στέλλω `prepare, equip, send out', but which can without difficulty be connected with στελεά, στέλεχος, στήλη [which in my view do not belong to στέλλω]. When judging the etymology some seemingly Aeolic, mostly only lexically attested forms with σπ- (against inscr. ἀπο-, ἐπι-στέλλαι) must not be overlooked: σπελλάμεναι στειλάμεναι, σπολεῖσα σταλεῖσα, εὔσπολον εὑεί-μονα, εὑσταλέα, κασπέλλει (cod. - έλη) στορνύει (all H.); σπόλα = στολή (Sapph.), κασπολέω (- σπελ-?) ὑποστορέσω (Sapph., H.). So ΙΑ. στελ-, Aeol. σπελ- from IE skʷel- (lit. in Persson Beitr. 1, 422)? After Bechtel Dial. 1, 125f. (with Schulze; cf. on this Hamm Grammatik 15 w. n. 3) in IA. στέλλω IE * stel- `send' and skʷel- `equip' (from where Aeol. σπελ-) would have fallen together. The difficulty to find IE * skʷel- back in other languages, as well as the meagre documentation of the σπ-forms both arouse suspicion against such a supposition. For some of the relevant words ( σπόλα, εὔσπολος) one might sonsider a connection with IE * spel- `split' (s. σπολάς). -- Exact cognates outside Greek are missing. Nearest comes Arm. steɫc-anem, aor. steɫc-i `prepare, creare' with unclear c (ɫc from l + s with Pedersen KZ 39, 427 ?); beside it steɫn, pl. steɫun-k` `stem, stalk, twig' (cf. στέλεχος, στελεά). Also several other words go back on IE * stel-, but deviate semantically from στέλλω: Alb. shtiell `wind up, reel up, collect' (IE * stel-n-ō); Germ. nouns as OE stela m. `stalk of a plant', OWNo. stiolr m. `tail-bone', NNorw. stjøl `stalk, stem' (\< * stelu-; cf. στελεχος, στελεά). Here belong also the unclear OWNo. stallr m. `constitution, crib, stable', OHG stal m. `living, seat, stable' (to which stellen) from PGm. * stalla- or * staðla-(IE * stol-no- or * st(h)h₂-dhlo- [to st(h)ā- `stand'; s. ἵστημι]); Skt. sthálam n. `continent, earth-bottom', sthálā f. `raised earth' etc. (cf. on στήλη). -- Further forms w. lit. in WP. 2, 643ff., Pok. 1019f., W.-Hofmann s. locus; older lit. also in Bq. -- The evidence for IE origin is meagre; could the word be Pre-Greek?Page in Frisk: 2,786-788Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > στέλλω
См. также в других словарях:
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