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1 πέπνῡμαι
πέπνῡμαιGrammatical information: v.Meaning: Perf. `to be prudent, clever, to be clear-minded', very often in ptc. πεπνῡμένος `to be prudent, clever, to be clear-minded' (Il., also late prose; details in Ruijgh L'élém. ach. 134f.); also aor. pass. opt. 2. sg. πνῡθείης (Nic.).Etymology: On πέπνυμαι, πινυτός a. cognates s. also Szemerényi Syncope in Greek and Indo-European (Napoli 1964) 56 ff. (w. extensive treatment): πέπνῡμαι syncopated from *πεπῐνῠμαι (w. metr. lengthening), and πνυτός from πινυτός. One generally derives the verb from the root πνέω (s.v.); the length of πνυ- is not well explained (anal.?); there is no evidence for a laryngeal (e.g. γνητός continues ǵn̥h₁tos).Page in Frisk: 2,508-509Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > πέπνῡμαι
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2 πινυτός
Grammatical information: adj.Meaning: `intelligent, sensible, reaonable, prudent, rational' (Od.).Other forms: Variant forms are πνυτός ἔμφρων, σώφρων H., often in Cypr. PN, e.g. Πνυτ-αγόρας (Masson Beitr. z. Namenforsch. 7, 238ff.).Derivatives: - ύσσω (late epic) from * pinut-y-, aor. ind. ἐπίνυσσεν Ξ 249), ptc. pass. πινυσθείς (Pythag.) `to make deliberate, to warn to be clear-minded' with πινυ-τή f. `prudence, reason' (Η 289, υ 71 a. 228, Hp. Ep.), with - τότης f. (Eust.); besides - τάς, - τᾶτος f. (Dor., AP), after ταχυ-τής a. o. (Schwyzer 529 n. 1); πίνυσις σύνεσις, πινυμένην συνετήν H. Also ἀπινύσσω `to be thoughtless, rash' (Ο 10, ε 342 = ζ 258), = ἀπινυτέω (Apollon. Lex.), from *ἀ-πίνυτος; adv. ἀπινύτως H. s. ἀπινύσσων. Beside it pres. πινύσκω, - ομαι (Simon., A., Call., Orph.); this will be *πινυτ-σκ-.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: The relation between the relevant forms is not satisfactorily explained. If one may derive πινυ-τή as abstractformation from *πενυ-τή with transition of ε to ι (Schulze Q. 323 n. 3), πενυ- could be taken as a disyllabic ablaut grade of πνεϜ-, beside the monosyllabic πνῡ- (with long vowel) in πέ-πνῡ-μαι (Frisk Eranos 43, 215 ff.). Assuming a dissimilation πι- from πυ- or a basic form *πε-νε-υ-μι (Nehring ClassPhil. 42, 108 ff.) one connected since Fick 2, 152 Lat. pŭ-tāre, OCS py-tati `scrutari' (also with νήπιος, νηπύτιος). One connects πέπνυμαι with πνέω, s.v. w. further analysis. Details w. lit. in Frisk l.c.; older etymology, to be rejected, in Bq s. πινυτός. - However, a form penu- posited as a root variant, is improbable and not attested; also a root ending in two semivowels is not permitted; also the transition ε \> ι is not explained. So the form πινυτός cannot be explained from IE. Also the variation πινυτός\/ πνυτο- cannot be explained. But a variation ι\/zero is known from Pre-Greek: it indicated a palatalized consonant, so pnyut-; the palatalisation could also be ignored, which gave πνυτο-; cf. Beekes, Evidence an Counterevidence, FS Kortlandt. So the words are Pre-Greek and have nothing to do with πνέω.Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > πινυτός
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3 πνέω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `to blow, to breathe, to respire, to smell'.Other forms: ep. πνείω (metr. length.), aor. πνεῦσαι (Il.), ipv. ἄμπνυε, midd. -ῡτο, -ύ̄( ν)θη (Hom.), fut. πνεύ-σομαι (IA.). - σοῦμαι (Ar., Arist.), - σω (hell.), perf. πέπνευκα (Att.), pass. πνευσ-θῆναι (Thphr.), - θήσομαι (Aret.).Derivatives: 1. πνοή, Dor. πνο(ι)ά, ep. πνοιή (- οι- metr. condit. after πνείω, Risch 119; on other explanations, which are not to be preferred, Scheller Oxytonierung 83 n. 2 w. lit.) f. `wind, breeze, breath' (Il.); ἀνα-, δια-, ἐκ-πνέω etc. etc.; very often as 2. member, e.g. ἡδύ- ( ἁδύ-)πνοος, - πνους `with a pleasant wind, breath' (Pi., S., E.), ἐπί-πνοος, - πνους `inspired' with ἐπίπνο-ια f. `inspiration' (A., Pl.); - πνοια also beside - πνοή in ἀνά-, ἀπό-, διά- πνέω a.o.; here ἀναπνο-ϊκος `concerning breathing' (Ptol.). 2. πνεῦμα ( ἄμ-, πρόσ- πνέω) n. `wind, breeze, breath, ghost' (Pi., IA.) with πνευμά-τιον (hell.), - τικός `concerning the wind etc.' (Arist.; on the further life (Nachleben) in the westeur. languages. Chantraine Studii clasice 2, 70f.), - τιος `bringing wind' (Arat.), - τώδης `wind-, breathlike of nature, windy' (Hp., Arist.), - τίας m. `asthmatic' (Hp.) with - τιάω `to gasp' (sch.); - τόω, - τόομαι `to blow up, to (cause to) vaporize' (Anaxipp., Arist.) with - τωσις, - τωτικός; - τίζω ( ἀπο-) `to fan by blowing' (Antig., H.) with - τισμός. 3. πνεῦσις f. `blowing', more usu. the compp., e.g. ἀνάπνευ-σις `to breathe again, to inhale, respite' (Il.). 4. With second. σ and τ-suffix as in ἄ-πνευσ-τος, - τί, - τία: πνευσ-τικός `belonging to breathing' (Gal.), more usu. ἀνα-πνέω (Arist.) a.o.; - τιάω `to gasp' (Hp., Arist.). 5. εἴσπν-ηλος, - ήλας `loving, lover' (Call., Theoc., EM), from εἰσ-πνέω `to inspire (love)' with analog. - ηλος; cf. Chantraine Form. 242.Etymology: The regular structure of the above forms is clearly the result of a generalising development, which will also have had zero grade formations as πνεῦσις, ἄπνευστος. Outside the general pattern there are only the isolated ep. forms ἄμ-πνυ-ε etc. `take breath' = `recover from', which may provide a bridge to the semantically slightly deviating but certainly belonging here πέ-πνυ-μαι, - μένος, `mentally active, animated, be sedate'; cf. Ruijgh L'élém. ach. 134 f. Not here prob. πινυ-τή, πινυτός a. cognates, which have only been connected on difficult assumptions; s.v. In any case ἄμπνυε, πέπνυ-μαι are not with Schulze Q. 322 ff. to be separated from πνέω. -- From other languages only some Germ. formations can be compared: OWNo. fnýsa `sniff', OE fnēosan `sneeze', which like πνευ- may contain an IE eu-diphthong; beside them there are however several variants, e.g. OWNo. fnasa, OHG fnehan, which show the unstable character of these orig. onomatop. words. Uncertain is the connection of Skt. abhi-knū́yate `be moist, sound, stink' (Dhātup., Lex.) with dissim. from * abhi-pn- (Mayrhofer s. knū́yate). -- The further analysis of πνέ(Ϝ)-ω in * p-ne-u-mi with nasal infix to the root pu- (assumption by Schwyzer 696 α after Pedersen IF 2, 314) is in the case of a word of this meaning hardly convincing. Further forms w. lit. in WP. 2, 85, Pok. 838f. Here also ποιπνύω; cf. also πνί̄γω.Page in Frisk: 2,566-567Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > πνέω
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4 πέπνυμαι
A to be conscious, in full possession of one's faculties,τῷ καὶ τεθνηῶτι νόον πόρε Περσεφόνεια οἴῳ πεπνῦσθαι· τοὶ δὲ σκιαὶ ἀΐσσουσιν Od.10.495
;π. ἐν νεκύεσσι Call.Lau. Pall.129
.2 more freq. to be wise,πέπνυσαι.. νόῳ ιλ.2.3 ; οὔ σ' ἔτυμόν γε φάμεν πεπνῦσθαι Ἀχαιοί 23.440
; imper.πέπνῠσο Thgn.29
: [tense] plpf. with [tense] impf. sense,τά περ ἄλλα μάλιστα ἀνθρώπων πέπνῡσο Od.23.210
: most freq. in part. πεπνυμένος, of persons, Il.3.203, Od.3.52 ; also of things, π. μῦθος, π. μήδεα, 1.361, Il.7.278 ;στόμα Hsch.
; πεπνυμένα ἀγορεύειν, βάζειν, etc., Od.19.352, Il.9.58, etc.; once in Hes.,πεπνυμένα εἰδώς Op. 731
; in later Prose,πεπνυμένη ῥῆσις Anaxarch. 1
;τὰ θεῖα πεπνυμένος Plu.Num.4
; αἱ (v.l. οἱ) π. the experts, Aret. SD2.11.—In [tense] aor. opt. [voice] Pass., πνυθείης ἀκόνιτον understand it, Nic.Al. 13.3 breathe,ζῶντες καὶ πεπν. ἄνδρες Plb.6.47.9
;εἰκόνες Id.6.53.10
. (From root πενῠ- which becomes πινῠ- in πινυτός (cf. Σικυών from Σεκυών, Λιβύη from Λεβύα) , ἀπινύσσω ; πνῡ-also in pr. n. Πνυταγόρας, πνυτός : not cogn. with πνέω, with which however it soon began to be confused, cf.ἄμπνυτο, ἀναπνέω 1.1
.)Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > πέπνυμαι
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5 ποιπνύω
Aποίπνυον Il.24.475
: [tense] aor. part.ποιπνύσας 8.219
. [υ of [tense] pres. long before a long syll., short before a short syll., v. infr.: [pron. full] ῡ in [tense] fut. and [tense] aor. always.]:—[dialect] Ep. Verb (perh. formed by redupl. from πνῡ-, cf. πέπνυμαι), bustle about, of attendants, ; ;ποίπνυον παρεόντε 24.475
;ὣς ἔφαθ'· οἱ δ' ἄρα πάντες ἐποίπνυον Od.3.430
;ποιπνύοντα μάχην ἀνὰ κυδιάνειραν Il.14.155
; δῶμα κορήσατε ποιπνύσασαι make haste and sweep the house, Od.20.149;ἐπὶ φρεσὶ θῆκ' Ἀγαμέμνονι πότνια Ἥρη αὐτῷ ποιπνύσαντι.. ὀτρῦναι Il.8.219
; once in Pi., ἐμὰν ποιπνύων χάριν labouring for the sake of me, P.10.64.2 later c. acc.,ἴδεα ποιπνύουσα Emp.73
;εὖ μάλα π... ἔργα Pythag.
ap. Porph.VP40 codd.; μαντοσύνην Orac. ap. Phleg. 37 J.II [voice] Med. in sense of [voice] Act.,περί τι Opp.H.2.615
.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ποιπνύω
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6 ἄμπνυτο
A recover consciousness after a swoon, Il.5.697, 22.475,al. (ἀνα-, πνῡ-, cf. πέπνυμαι. Not connected with ἀνα-πνέω, q. v.)Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἄμπνυτο
См. также в других словарях:
πέπνυμαι — Α 1. έχω πνοή ή ψυχή, ζω 2. έχω ακέραιες τις πνευματικές μου δυνάμεις, λειτουργεί το μυαλό μου 3. μτφ. α) (για πρόσ.) είμαι συνετός, φρόνιμος β) (για πράγματα) είμαι σωστός 4. (η μτχ. αρσ. ενεστ. ως ουσ.) oἱ πεπνυμένοι οι έμπειροι 5. φρ.… … Dictionary of Greek
πνέω — ΝΜΑ, και επικ. τ. πνείω Α 1. (για άνεμο) φυσώ (α. «πνέει ισχυρός άνεμος» β. «αὔρη δ ἐκ ποταμοῡ ψυχρὴ πνέει», Ομ. Οδ.) 2. (για το Άγιο Πνεύμα) επιφοιτώ, φωτίζω («πνεῡμα ὅπου θέλει πνεῑ καὶ τὴν φωνὴν αὐτοῡ ἀκούεις», ΚΔ) νεοελλ. 1. φρ. α) «πνέει… … Dictionary of Greek