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(between+vehicles)

  • 41 passage

    1. [ʹpæsıdʒ] n
    1. 1) прохождение; проход, ход; переход; проезд

    the old bridge is not strong enough to allow the passage of heavy vehicles - старый мост не так прочен, чтобы по нему могли ездить тяжёлые грузовики

    2) перелёт ( птиц)

    a bird of passage - а) перелётная птица; б) перекати-поле ( о человеке)

    3) тех. доступ, ход
    2. 1) переезд, рейс; поездка по морю или на самолёте

    rough passage - а) тяжёлый перелёт; б) трудные времена; в) переход по бурному морю; трудное плавание

    2) плата за проезд (на пароходе, самолёте); право на проезд

    free passage - бесплатный проезд (по морю, по воздуху)

    to book /to pay, to take/ one's passage - взять билет на пароход

    can you give me a passage in your boat? - вы не можете перевезти меня?

    he was too poor to afford the passage - он был слишком беден, чтобы оплатить дорогу

    3. 1) путь, дорога; проход (через что-л.)

    to force /to make/ a passage through a crowd - прокладывать (себе) путь через толпу

    2) перевал; переправа
    4. 1) коридор; передняя

    outdoor passage - спорт. коридор для выплывания

    the wind sent a dismal note through the long passages - в длинных коридорах уныло завывал ветер

    2) пассаж; галерея
    3) тех. канал; тракт
    5. 1) вход, выход; проход, проезд

    no passage this way! - проезд закрыт!, прохода нет!

    a street that has no passage out - глухой переулок, тупик

    2) право прохода, проезда
    3) тех. прохождение; проход
    4) физ. переход
    6. ход, течение

    the passage of time - ход /течение/ времени

    7. переход ( из одного состояния в другое), превращение

    the passage of bodies from the solid to the liquid state - переход из твёрдого состояния в жидкое

    this text-book makes an easy passage to reading newspapers - этот учебник облегчает переход к чтению газет

    8. отрывок, часть, место (в книге, статье и т. п.)

    his paper contains brilliant passages - в его докладе есть блестящие места

    a collection of passages from the best English writers - собрание отрывков из произведений лучших английских писателей

    9. pl разговор, обмен любезностями

    to have stormy passages with smb. - иметь крупный разговор с кем-л.

    10. одобрение, проведение, утверждение ( закона)

    the passage of the bill can hardly be expected this session - законопроект вряд ли будет принят на этой сессии

    11. редк. эпизод; период
    12. редк. проходящие, прохожие
    13. редк. равномерная поступь лошади
    14. анат. проход, проток

    back passage - сл. зад, задний проход

    15. биол. перенос
    16. мед. отхождение кала

    ♢ passage of /at/ arms - а) воен. схватка, бой; б) столкновение, стычка

    the most interesting part of the debate was the passage of arms between the Prime Minister and the backbenchers - самой интересной частью дебатов было столкновение премьер-министра с заднескамеечниками

    2. [ʹpæsıdʒ] v
    принимать вправо или влево, двигаться боком ( конный спорт)

    НБАРС > passage

  • 42 ramp

    ræmp
    (a sloping surface between places, objects etc which are at different levels: The car drove up the ramp from the quay to the ship.) rampa
    ramp n rampa
    tr[ræmp]
    1 (slope) rampa
    2 (steps) escalerilla
    3 SMALLBRITISH ENGLISH/SMALL (speed bump) badén nombre masculino, guardia nombre masculino tumbado
    4 SMALLAMERICAN ENGLISH/SMALL (slip road) vía de acceso
    ramp ['ræmp] n
    : rampa f
    n.
    • descendedero s.m.
    • rampa s.f.
    ræmp
    a) ( slope) rampa f

    entrance o on ramp — (AmE) vía f de acceso ( a una autopista)

    exit o off ramp — (AmE) vía f de salida ( de una autopista)

    b) (on ship, aircraft) ( for passengers) escalerilla f; ( for vehicles) rampa f
    c) ( platform) elevador m
    d) ( hump) (BrE) desnivel m
    [ræmp]
    N (=incline) rampa f ; (on road) rampa f, desnivel m
    * * *
    [ræmp]
    a) ( slope) rampa f

    entrance o on ramp — (AmE) vía f de acceso ( a una autopista)

    exit o off ramp — (AmE) vía f de salida ( de una autopista)

    b) (on ship, aircraft) ( for passengers) escalerilla f; ( for vehicles) rampa f
    c) ( platform) elevador m
    d) ( hump) (BrE) desnivel m

    English-spanish dictionary > ramp

  • 43 platform

    ['plætfɔːm] 1.
    1) (stage) (for performance) palco m.; (at public meeting) tribuna f., podio m.

    to provide a platform for sb. — offrire a qcn. l'opportunità di far sentire la propria voce

    2) (in oil industry, in scaffolding, for guns, vehicles) piattaforma f.; (on loading vehicle) piattaforma f. di lavoro; (on weighing machine) piatto m.
    3) pol. (electoral programme) piattaforma f.
    4) ferr. binario m., banchina f.
    5) inform. piattaforma f.
    2.
    * * *
    ['plætfo:m]
    1) (a raised part of a floor eg in a hall, for speakers, entertainers etc: The orchestra arranged themselves on the platform.) palco
    2) (the raised area between or beside the lines in a railway station: They waited on the platform for their train to arrive; The London train will leave from platform 6.) marciapiede, banchina, binario
    * * *
    ['plætfɔːm] 1.
    1) (stage) (for performance) palco m.; (at public meeting) tribuna f., podio m.

    to provide a platform for sb. — offrire a qcn. l'opportunità di far sentire la propria voce

    2) (in oil industry, in scaffolding, for guns, vehicles) piattaforma f.; (on loading vehicle) piattaforma f. di lavoro; (on weighing machine) piatto m.
    3) pol. (electoral programme) piattaforma f.
    4) ferr. binario m., banchina f.
    5) inform. piattaforma f.
    2.

    English-Italian dictionary > platform

  • 44 Behr, Fritz Bernhard

    [br]
    b. 9 October 1842 Berlin, Germany
    d. 25 February 1927
    [br]
    German (naturalized British in 1876) engineer, promoter of the Lartigue monorail system.
    [br]
    Behr trained as an engineer in Britain and had several railway engineering appointments before becoming associated with C.F.M.-T. Lartigue in promoting the Lartigue monorail system in the British Isles. In Lartigue's system, a single rail was supported on trestles; vehicles ran on the rail, their bodies suspended pannier-fashion, stabilized by horizontal rollers running against light guide rails fixed to the sides of the trestles. Behr became Managing Director of the Listowel \& Ballybunion Railway Company, which in 1888 opened its Lartigue system line between those two places in the south-west of Ireland. Three locomotives designed by J.T.A. Mallet were built for the line by Hunslet Engine Company, each with two horizontal boilers, one either side of the track. Coaches and wagons likewise were in two parts. Technically the railway was successful, but lack of traffic caused the company to go bankrupt in 1897: the railway continued to operate until 1924.
    Meanwhile Behr had been thinking in terms far more ambitious than a country branch line. Railway speeds of 150mph (240km/h) or more then lay far in the future: engineers were uncertain whether normal railway vehicles would even be stable at such speeds. Behr was convinced that a high-speed electric vehicle on a substantial Lartigue monorail track would be stable. In 1897 he demonstrated such a vehicle on a 3mile (4.8km) test track at the Brussels International Exhibition. By keeping the weight of the motors low, he was able to place the seats above rail level. Although the generating station provided by the Exhibition authorities never operated at full power, speeds over 75mph (120 km/h) were achieved.
    Behr then promoted the Manchester-Liverpool Express Railway, on which monorail trains of this type running at speeds up to 110mph (177km/h) were to link the two cities in twenty minutes. Despite strong opposition from established railway companies, an Act of Parliament authorizing it was made in 1901. The Act also contained provision for the Board of Trade to require experiments to prove the system's safety. In practice this meant that seven miles of line, and a complete generating station to enable trains to travel at full speed, must be built before it was known whether the Board would give its approval for the railway or not. Such a condition was too severe for the scheme to attract investors and it remained stillborn.
    [br]
    Further Reading
    H.Fayle, 1946, The Narrow Gauge Railways of Ireland, Greenlake Publications, Part 2, ch. 2 (describes the Listowel \& Ballybunion Railway and Behr's work there).
    D.G.Tucker, 1984, "F.B.Behr's development of the Lartigue monorail", Transactions of
    the Newcomen Society 55 (covers mainly the high speed lines).
    See also: Brennan, Louis
    PJGR

    Biographical history of technology > Behr, Fritz Bernhard

  • 45 Bollée, Ernest-Sylvain

    [br]
    b. 19 July 1814 Clefmont (Haute-Marne), France
    d. 11 September 1891 Le Mans, France
    [br]
    French inventor of the rotor-stator wind engine and founder of the Bollée manufacturing industry.
    [br]
    Ernest-Sylvain Bollée was the founder of an extensive dynasty of bellfounders based in Le Mans and in Orléans. He and his three sons, Amédée (1844–1917), Ernest-Sylvain fils (1846–1917) and Auguste (1847-?), were involved in work and patents on steam-and petrol-driven cars, on wind engines and on hydraulic rams. The presence of the Bollées' car industry in Le Mans was a factor in the establishment of the car races that are held there.
    In 1868 Ernest-Sylvain Bollée père took out a patent for a wind engine, which at that time was well established in America and in England. In both these countries, variable-shuttered as well as fixed-blade wind engines were in production and patented, but the Ernest-Sylvain Bollée patent was for a type of wind engine that had not been seen before and is more akin to the water-driven turbine of the Jonval type, with its basic principle being parallel to the "rotor" and "stator". The wind drives through a fixed ring of blades on to a rotating ring that has a slightly greater number of blades. The blades of the fixed ring are curved in the opposite direction to those on the rotating blades and thus the air is directed onto the latter, causing it to rotate at a considerable speed: this is the "rotor". For greater efficiency a cuff of sheet iron can be attached to the "stator", giving a tunnel effect and driving more air at the "rotor". The head of this wind engine is turned to the wind by means of a wind-driven vane mounted in front of the blades. The wind vane adjusts the wind angle to enable the wind engine to run at a constant speed.
    The fact that this wind engine was invented by the owner of a brass foundry, with all the gear trains between the wind vane and the head of the tower being of the highest-quality brass and, therefore, small in scale, lay behind its success. Also, it was of prefabricated construction, so that fixed lengths of cast-iron pillar were delivered, complete with twelve treads of cast-iron staircase fixed to the outside and wrought-iron stays. The drive from the wind engine was taken down the inside of the pillar to pumps at ground level.
    Whilst the wind engines were being built for wealthy owners or communes, the work of the foundry continued. The three sons joined the family firm as partners and produced several steam-driven vehicles. These vehicles were the work of Amédée père and were l'Obéissante (1873); the Autobus (1880–3), of which some were built in Berlin under licence; the tram Bollée-Dalifol (1876); and the private car La Mancelle (1878). Another important line, in parallel with the pumping mechanism required for the wind engines, was the development of hydraulic rams, following the Montgolfier patent. In accordance with French practice, the firm was split three ways when Ernest-Sylvain Bollée père died. Amédée père inherited the car side of the business, but it is due to Amédée fils (1867– 1926) that the principal developments in car manufacture came into being. He developed the petrol-driven car after the impetus given by his grandfather, his father and his uncle Ernest-Sylvain fils. In 1887 he designed a four-stroke single-cylinder engine, although he also used engines designed by others such as Peugeot. He produced two luxurious saloon cars before putting Torpilleur on the road in 1898; this car competed in the Tour de France in 1899. Whilst designing other cars, Amédée's son Léon (1870–1913) developed the Voiturette, in 1896, and then began general manufacture of small cars on factory lines. The firm ceased work after a merger with the English firm of Morris in 1926. Auguste inherited the Eolienne or wind-engine side of the business; however, attracted to the artistic life, he sold out to Ernest Lebert in 1898 and settled in the Paris of the Impressionists. Lebert developed the wind-engine business and retained the basic "stator-rotor" form with a conventional lattice tower. He remained in Le Mans, carrying on the business of the manufacture of wind engines, pumps and hydraulic machinery, describing himself as a "Civil Engineer".
    The hydraulic-ram business fell to Ernest-Sylvain fils and continued to thrive from a solid base of design and production. The foundry in Le Mans is still there but, more importantly, the bell foundry of Dominique Bollée in Saint-Jean-de-Braye in Orléans is still at work casting bells in the old way.
    [br]
    Further Reading
    André Gaucheron and J.Kenneth Major, 1985, The Eolienne Bollée, The International Molinological Society.
    Cénomane (Le Mans), 11, 12 and 13 (1983 and 1984).
    KM

    Biographical history of technology > Bollée, Ernest-Sylvain

  • 46 Alley

    noun
    [schmale] Gasse

    be up somebody's alley — (coll.) jemandes Fall sein (ugs.)

    * * *
    ['æli]
    1) ((often alleyway) a narrow street in a city etc (usually not wide enough for vehicles).) die Gasse
    2) (a long narrow area used for the games of bowling or skittles: a bowling alley.) die Bahn
    * * *
    al·ley
    [ˈæli]
    n
    1. (between buildings) Gasse f, schmaler Durchgang
    blind \alley ( also fig) Sackgasse f a. fig
    2. (in park) Parkweg m
    \alley of trees Allee f
    3.
    ▶ this is right up my \alley AM, AUS (enjoyable) das ist ganz mein Fall; (easy for me) darin [o damit] kenne ich mich aus
    * * *
    ['lɪ]
    n
    1) (between buildings) (enge) Gasse; (between gardens) Weg m, Pfad m; (in garden) Laubengang m
    2) (= bowling alley, skittle alley) Bahn f
    * * *
    All. abk Alley (in Straßennamen)
    * * *
    noun
    [schmale] Gasse

    be up somebody's alley — (coll.) jemandes Fall sein (ugs.)

    * * *
    n.
    Bahn -en f.
    Gasse -n f.
    Pfad -e m.
    Weg -e m.

    English-german dictionary > Alley

  • 47 alley

    noun
    [schmale] Gasse

    be up somebody's alley — (coll.) jemandes Fall sein (ugs.)

    * * *
    ['æli]
    1) ((often alleyway) a narrow street in a city etc (usually not wide enough for vehicles).) die Gasse
    2) (a long narrow area used for the games of bowling or skittles: a bowling alley.) die Bahn
    * * *
    al·ley
    [ˈæli]
    n
    1. (between buildings) Gasse f, schmaler Durchgang
    blind \alley ( also fig) Sackgasse f a. fig
    2. (in park) Parkweg m
    \alley of trees Allee f
    3.
    ▶ this is right up my \alley AM, AUS (enjoyable) das ist ganz mein Fall; (easy for me) darin [o damit] kenne ich mich aus
    * * *
    ['lɪ]
    n
    1) (between buildings) (enge) Gasse; (between gardens) Weg m, Pfad m; (in garden) Laubengang m
    2) (= bowling alley, skittle alley) Bahn f
    * * *
    alley [ˈælı] s
    1. (enge oder schmale) Gasse:
    that’s (right) up ( oder down) my alley umg das ist etwas für mich, das ist genau mein Fall
    2. ( besonders von Bäumen oder Sträuchern gesäumter) Garten- oder Parkweg
    3. (schmaler) Durchgang
    4. Bowling, Kegeln: Bahn f (auch Gebäude)
    * * *
    noun
    [schmale] Gasse

    be up somebody's alley — (coll.) jemandes Fall sein (ugs.)

    * * *
    n.
    Bahn -en f.
    Gasse -n f.
    Pfad -e m.
    Weg -e m.

    English-german dictionary > alley

  • 48 jam

    ‹æm
    I noun
    (a thick sticky substance made of fruit etc preserved by being boiled with sugar: raspberry jam; (also adjective) a jam sandwich.) mermelada, confitura

    II
    1. past tense, past participle - jammed; verb
    1) (to crowd full: The gateway was jammed with angry people.) abarrotar
    2) (to squeeze, press or wedge tightly or firmly: He jammed his foot in the doorway.) embutir, meter a la fuerza
    3) (to stick and (cause to) be unable to move: The door / steering-wheel has jammed.) atrancarse
    4) ((of a radio station) to cause interference with (another radio station's broadcast) by sending out signals on a similar wavelength.) bloquear

    2. noun
    1) (a crowding together of vehicles, people etc so that movement is difficult or impossible: traffic-jams.) atasco, embotellamiento
    2) (a difficult situation: I'm in a bit of a jam - I haven't got enough money to pay for this meal.) apuro, aprieto
    •
    jam1 n
    1. mermelada
    2. atasco
    jam2 vb
    1. meter
    2. atascarse / atrancarse / bloquearse
    the door is jammed, I can't open it se ha atrancado la puerta y no puedo abrirla
    tr[ʤæm]
    1 (tight spot) aprieto, apuro
    1 (fill) abarrotar, atestar
    2 (cram) embutir, meter a la fuerza
    3 SMALLRADIO/SMALL interferir
    4 (block) bloquear
    1 (stick) atrancarse
    ■ the door is jammed, I can't open it la puerta se ha atrancado, no puedo abrirla
    2 (machine parts) atascarse, agarrotarse
    ■ the lock has jammed, it won't open se ha atascado la cerradura, no abre
    \
    SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALL
    to get into a jam meterse en un apuro
    to jam the brakes on pegar un frenazo, frenar de golpe
    ————————
    tr[ʤæm]
    1 mermelada, confitura
    2 familiar (luck) churra
    \
    SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALL
    jam jar bote nombre masculino de mermelada
    jam ['ʤæm] v, jammed ; jamming vt
    1) cram: apiñar, embutir
    2) block: atascar, atorar
    3)
    to jam on the brakes : frenar en seco
    jam vi
    stick: atascarse, atrancarse
    jam n
    1) or traffic jam : atasco m, embotellamiento m (de tráfico)
    2) predicament: lío m, aprieto m, apuro m
    3) : mermelada f
    strawberry jam: mermelada de fresa
    n.
    • mermelada (de naranja) s.f.
    n.
    • agolpamiento s.m.
    • atasco s.m.
    • brete s.m.
    • compota s.f.
    • confitura s.f.
    • conserva s.f.
    • estrujón s.m.
    • lío s.m.
    • pellejería s.f.
    • reventón s.m.
    v.
    • apañuscar v.
    • apiñar v.
    • apretar v.
    • atascar v.
    • atorar v.
    • entorpecer v.
    • machacar v.
    dʒæm
    I
    1) u c ( Culin) mermelada f, dulce m (RPl)
    2) c ( difficult situation) (colloq) aprieto m

    to be in a jam — estar* en un aprieto or en apuros

    3) c ( traffic jam) atasco m, embotellamiento m

    II
    1.
    - mm- transitive verb
    1)
    a) ( cram)
    b) (congest, block) \<\<road\>\> atestar
    3) ( Rad) interferir*

    2.
    vi \<\<brakes\>\> bloquearse; \<\<machine\>\> trancarse*; \<\<switch/lock\>\> trabarse, trancarse*; \<\<gun\>\> encasquillarse
    Phrasal Verbs:

    I [dʒæm] (Brit)
    1. N
    1) (=food) mermelada f

    strawberry jam — mermelada f de fresas

    you want jam on it! * — (fig) ¡y un jamón!

    2) * (=luck) chorra * f

    look at that for jam! — ¡qué chorra tiene el tío! *

    2.
    3.
    CPD

    jam jar N — (Brit) tarro m de mermelada, pote m de mermelada

    jam pot N (Brit) — = jam jar

    jam roll N — (Brit) brazo m de gitano con mermelada

    jam tart N — tarta f de mermelada


    II [dʒæm]
    1. N
    1) [of people] aglomeración f

    you never saw such a jam! — ¡había que ver cómo se agolpaba la gente!

    there was a jam in the doorway — había una aglomeración de gente en la puerta, se había agolpado la gente en la puerta

    2) (=traffic jam) embotellamiento m, atasco m

    a 5km jam of cars — una caravana or un atasco de coches de 5km

    there are always jams here — aquí siempre se atasca el tráfico, aquí siempre hay atascos

    3) (=obstruction) atasco m

    there's a jam in the pipe — se ha atascado or está atascada la cañería

    4) (fig) * (=difficulty) apuro m, aprieto m

    to be in a jam — estar en un aprieto, estar en apuros

    to get into a jam — meterse en un aprieto, meterse en apuros

    2. VT
    1) (=block) [+ mechanism, drawer, pipe] atascar; [+ wheel] trabar; [+ exit, road] cerrar, obstruir

    it's got jammed — se ha atascado, no se puede mover/quitar/retirar etc

    2) (=cram) [+ passage, exit] atestar, abarrotar; [+ container] atestar, llenar

    • I jammed my finger in the door — me pillé el dedo con la puerta

    • to jam sth into a box — meter algo a la fuerza en una caja

    • we were all jammed together — estábamos todos apiñados

    • the room was jammed with people — el cuarto estaba atestado de gente

    3) (Telec, Rad) interferir
    3. VI
    1) [mechanism, drawer, pipe] atascarse, atorarse (LAm); [nut, part, wheel] atascarse, atrancarse; [gun] encasquillarse

    this part has jammed — esta pieza se ha atascado, no se puede mover esta pieza

    the drawer had jammed (shut/open) — el cajón no se podía abrir/cerrar

    2) (Mus) * improvisar
    4.
    CPD

    jam session N — jam session f (actuación improvisada de jazz, rock etc)

    * * *
    [dʒæm]
    I
    1) u c ( Culin) mermelada f, dulce m (RPl)
    2) c ( difficult situation) (colloq) aprieto m

    to be in a jam — estar* en un aprieto or en apuros

    3) c ( traffic jam) atasco m, embotellamiento m

    II
    1.
    - mm- transitive verb
    1)
    a) ( cram)
    b) (congest, block) \<\<road\>\> atestar
    3) ( Rad) interferir*

    2.
    vi \<\<brakes\>\> bloquearse; \<\<machine\>\> trancarse*; \<\<switch/lock\>\> trabarse, trancarse*; \<\<gun\>\> encasquillarse
    Phrasal Verbs:

    English-spanish dictionary > jam

  • 49 pass

    1. verb
    1) (to move towards and then beyond (something, by going past, through, by, over etc): I pass the shops on my way to work; The procession passed along the corridor.) gå/kjøre forbi, passere
    2) (to move, give etc from one person, state etc to another: They passed the photographs around; The tradition is passed (on/down) from father to son.) sende rundt/videre; gå i arv
    3) (to go or be beyond: This passes my understanding.) gå over ens forstand, overstige
    4) ((of vehicles etc on a road) to overtake: The sports car passed me at a dangerous bend in the road.) kjøre forbi
    5) (to spend (time): They passed several weeks in the country.) tilbringe
    6) ((of an official group, government etc) to accept or approve: The government has passed a resolution.) godkjenne, vedta
    7) (to give or announce (a judgement or sentence): The magistrate passed judgement on the prisoner.) forkynne, avgi kjennelse
    8) (to end or go away: His sickness soon passed.) gå over
    9) (to (judge to) be successful in (an examination etc): I passed my driving test.) bestå
    2. noun
    1) (a narrow path between mountains: a mountain pass.) fjellovergang, skar
    2) (a ticket or card allowing a person to do something, eg to travel free or to get in to a building: You must show your pass before entering.) adgangstegn/-kort; fribillett
    3) (a successful result in an examination, especially when below a distinction, honours etc: There were ten passes and no fails.) bestått (karakter)
    4) ((in ball games) a throw, kick, hit etc of the ball from one player to another: The centre-forward made a pass towards the goal.) pasning
    •
    - passing
    - passer-by
    - password
    - in passing
    - let something pass
    - let pass
    - pass as/for
    - pass away
    - pass the buck
    - pass by
    - pass off
    - pass something or someone off as
    - pass off as
    - pass on
    - pass out
    - pass over
    - pass up
    passere
    I
    subst. \/pɑːs\/
    1) (fjell)pass, fjellovergang, skar
    2) ( luftfart) overflyging
    3) (trang) passasje, (fremkommelig) vei, gjennomgang
    4) passering, gjennomkjøring, krysning, tilnærmelse
    5) ( om eksamen) (vitnesbyrd om) bestått eksamen, det å bestå en eksamen
    6) adgangskort, adgangstegn, passerseddel, leidebrev
    7) ( militærvesen) passerseddel, permisjonsseddel
    8) ( fekting e.l.) utfall, støt
    9) krise, kritisk punkt, kritisk situasjon, vendepunkt
    10) (overført, hverdagslig) tilnærmelse
    11) ( sport) pasning, avlevering, sentring
    12) ( om seiling) led, løp
    13) ( kortspill) pass
    14) ( magi e.l.) håndbevegelse, strykning
    15) ( gammeldags) strede
    at the last pass når det kommer til stykket, i siste instans
    be at a pretty pass være ille ute, sitte fint i det
    det står virkelig ille til\/nå sitter vi nydelig i det
    bring to pass ( noe gammeldags) foranledige, forårsake ( om tid) føre med seg
    come to a pretty pass toppe seg, bli kritisk
    come to pass ( noe gammeldags) skje, tildra seg, hende
    complete pass (amer., fotball) godkjent pasning
    free pass fribillett
    hold the pass holde skansen, forsvare sin sak
    make a pass at gjøre et utfall mot, lange ut etter gjøre tilnærmelser til, gjøre kur til, flørte med bli nærgående mot
    mesmeric passes ( magi e.l.) magnetiske strykninger
    passes ( magi e.l.) manipulasjoner (med hendene)
    sell the pass ( overført) forråde saken oppgi stillingen
    II
    verb \/pɑːs\/
    1) passere, gå forbi (hverandre), komme forbi, komme gjennom, komme over, kjøre forbi, reise gjennom
    2) gå forbi, kjøre forbi, komme forbi, reise forbi
    • please, let me pass!
    vær så snill å la meg komme forbi!\/kan jeg få komme forbi?
    3) la passere, slippe gjennom, la komme forbi, tre (igjennom)
    4) ( om tid e.l.) gå, svinne, dø ut
    5) ( om tid) tilbringe, fordrive
    • what can we do to pass the time?
    6) forandre(s), forandre seg, forvandle(s), gå over (til), bli til
    når vann koker, går det over til damp
    7) la gå rundt, gi, rekke, sende
    • pass (me) the salt, please!
    8) ( om eiendom e.l.) gå i arv, gå videre, gå over
    9) (ut)veksle
    10) ( om smerte e.l.) gå over, opphøre, forsvinne, avta, forta seg
    11) ( sport) avlevere, passe, sentre, gi\/sende ballen videre
    12) ( kortspill) passe, melde pass
    13) passere, gå upåaktet hen, godta
    14) gå, (la) gjelde, være gangbar, passere
    15) finne sted, foregå, hende, skje
    • did you see what was passing?
    så du hva som skjedde?\/så du hva som foregikk
    16) gjennomgå, gjennomleve
    17) ( om eksamen e.l.) bestå, la stå, godkjenne, godta
    de bestod eksamen\/de klarte eksamen
    • will the play pass the censors?
    18) ( om falske penger e.l.) sette i omløp, (la) sirkulere, (forsøke å) bruke
    de forsøkte seg med en sjekk uten dekning\/de prøvde å heve en ugyldig sjekk
    19) (parlamentarisk, om lov) vedta(s), bli vedtatt, bli godkjent, gå gjennom
    20) ( jus) avsi dom, felle dom, dømme, domfelle
    21) ( fekting) gjøre utfall, stikke
    22) ( overført) overgå, overstige, gå over, overskride, gå (ut) over
    23) la defilere forbi, la passere forbi, la marsjere forbi
    24) ( matlaging) sile, male, kverne
    hun kjørte kjøttet gjennom kvernen\/hun malte kjøttet
    25) ( gammeldags) overtreffe
    be passed for active service bli kjent stridsdyktig, bestå kravene for militærtjeneste
    let pass la passere, la gå upåaktet hen se gjennom fingrene med
    • we'll let that pass, but
    det får så være, men\/la gå, men
    pass along ( på buss e.l.) fortsette videre, gå fremover, la gå videre, sende videre
    • pass along!
    pass as\/for somebody\/something utgi seg for noen\/noe, (la) gå, gjelde, (la) passere
    gå for, bli regnet for, bli tatt for
    han vil lett kunne gå for å være norsk \/ folk tar ham lett for å være norsk
    pass away svinne bort, svinne hen, forsvinne sovne inn, vandre, dø reise bort, dra bort (om smerte, vrede e.l.) drive over, gå over ( om tid) fordrive, la gå opp i røyk, skusle bort
    pass by gå under
    gå forbi, passere ( overført) renne bort, forsvinne ( overført) forbigå, la gå upåaktet hen
    pass down bringe videre, la gå i arv, føre videre, overlevere
    pass hence gå bort, dø
    pass into komme inn på, få plass på
    pass off gå over, forsvinne, gi seg
    forløpe, gå
    avverge, parere, redde
    pass on gå videre, fortsette
    gi, sende videre
    pass on to overlate til
    pass out besvime ( om motor e.l.) slukne
    pass over (la) gli over, føre over
    gå over, opphøre
    forbigå, ikke ense, la gå upåaktet hen
    hoppe over, se bort fra, ignorere
    ( overført) forbigå (ved forfremmelse)
    rekke, sende, gi videre
    vær så snill å rekke meg saltet\/kan du være så snill å rekke meg saltet?
    pass over to tilfalle
    pass round sende rundt, la gå rundt
    pass something by in silence la noe bli forbigått i stillhet
    pass something off on somebody prakke noe på noen
    pass the buck se ➢ buck, 1
    pass through gå gjennom, passere gjennom, reise gjennom (overført, om utdannelse) gå gjennom, ta eksamen ved, passere
    ( overført) gjennomgå, gå gjennom, oppleve
    pass to tilfalle
    eiendommen gikk over på andre hender\/eiendommen fikk nye eiere
    pass under gå under (et navn\/en identitet)
    pass unnoticed gå upåaktet hen
    pass up ( hverdagslig) avslå, si nei takk til
    gå glipp av

    English-Norwegian dictionary > pass

  • 50 contrario

    adj.
    1 contrary, opposite, adverse, opposed.
    2 contrary, negative, antagonistic, antipathetic.
    m.
    1 opposite, antithesis, reverse, converse.
    2 opponent, adversary, enemy, rival.
    * * *
    1 (opuesto) contrary, opposite
    2 (perjudicial) harmful (a, to), bad (a, for)
    ► nombre masculino,nombre femenino
    1 opponent, adversary, rival
    \
    al contrario on the contrary
    de lo contrario otherwise
    en dirección contraria in the wrong direction
    llevar la contraria a alguien to oppose somebody
    por el contrario on the contrary
    todo lo contrario quite the opposite
    la parte contraria DERECHO the opponent 2 (en deportes) the opposing team
    * * *
    (f. - contraria)
    adj.
    contrary, opposite
    * * *
    contrario, -a
    1. ADJ
    1) (=rival) [partido, equipo] opposing
    2) (=opuesto) [extremo, efecto, significado, sexo] opposite

    se mostraron contrarios al acuerdo — they came out against the agreement, they were opposed to the agreement

    • dirección contraria, tomamos la dirección contraria — we went in the opposite direction

    • intereses contrarios — conflicting o opposing interests

    • pie contrario, se puso el zapato en el pie contrario — she put her shoe on the wrong foot

    • sentido contrario, un coche que venía en sentido contrario — a car coming in the opposite direction

    • viento contrario — headwind

    caso 1), b)
    3) [en locuciones]

    • al contrario — on the contrary, quite the opposite

    no me disgusta la idea, al contrario, me encanta — I don't dislike the idea, on the contrary o quite the opposite, I think it would be wonderful

    -¿te aburres? -¡que va, al contrario! — "are you bored?" - "no way, quite the opposite!"

    antes al contrario, muy al contrario — frm on the contrary

    • al contrario de, todo salió al contrario de lo previsto — everything turned out the opposite of what we expected

    al contrario de lo que creíamos, hizo muy buen tiempo — contrary to what we thought, the weather turned out very nice

    siempre va al contrario de todo el mundo — she always has to be different to everyone else, she always does the opposite to everyone else

    al contrario que o de ella, yo no estoy dispuesto a aguantar — unlike her, I'm not willing to put up with it

    • lo contrario, ¿qué es lo contrario de alto? — what is the opposite of tall?

    soy inocente, hasta que no se demuestre lo contrario — I am innocent until proven otherwise

    de lo contrario — otherwise, or else

    salga o, de lo contrario, llamaré a la policía — please leave, otherwise o or else I'll call the police

    • por el contrario, los inviernos, por el contrario, son muy fríos — the winters, on the other hand o on the contrary, are very cold

    parece ir todo bien, y por el contrario, la situación es muy complicada — it all appears to be going well, when in fact the situation is rather difficult

    • todo lo contrario — quite the opposite, quite the reverse

    -¿es feo? -no, todo lo contrario — "is he ugly?" - "no, quite the opposite o reverse"

    no hay descenso de precios, sino todo lo contrario — prices are not going down, quite the opposite o reverse, in fact

    2.
    SM / F opponent
    3.
    SM (=opuesto) opposite

    ¿cuál es el contrario del negro? — what is the opposite of black?

    4.
    SF

    llevar la contraria —

    ¿por qué siempre tienes que llevar la contraria? — why do you always have to be so contrary?

    * * *
    I
    - ria adjetivo
    1) ( opuesto) <opiniones/intereses> conflicting; < dirección> opposite

    contrario a algo: mi opinión es contraria a la suya I feel very differently to you; soy contrario al uso de la violencia I am against the use of violence; se manifestó contrario a la idea she expressed her opposition to the idea; sería contrario a mis intereses it would be against o (frml) contrary to my interests; contrario a lo que se esperaba... contrary to expectations,...; en sentido contrario al de las agujas del reloj counterclockwise (AmE), anticlockwise (BrE); el coche venía en sentido contrario — ( por el otro carril) the car was coming in the opposite direction; ( por el mismo carril) the car was coming straight at us

    2) ( adversario) < equipo> opposing; < bando> opposite

    la parte contraria — (Der) the opposing party

    al contrario de: al contrario de su hermano... unlike his brother,...; al contrario de lo que esperábamos,... contrary to (our) expectations,...; todo salió al contrario de como lo planearon it turned out just the opposite to what they had planned; de lo contrario or else, otherwise; por el contrario: en el sur, por el contrario, el clima es seco the south, on the other hand, has a dry climate; pensé que era rico - por el contrario, no tiene un peso I thought he was rich - on the contrary o far from it, he doesn't have a penny; todo lo contrario quite the opposite; llevar la contraria: él siempre tiene que llevar la contraria he always has to take the opposite view; llevarle la contraria a alguien — to contradict somebody

    II
    - ria masculino, femenino opponent
    * * *
    = contrary, opposing, inimical, antipathetic, opposite, competing, opposed, adversarial, aversive, reverse, objector.
    Ex. Perhaps there has been a contrary reaction by British academic librarians to conserve their collections.
    Ex. When it is clear that material is biased or misrepresents a group, librarians should correct the situation, either by refusing the material or by giving equal representation to opposing points of view.
    Ex. Anita Schiller's own grim conclusion was that 'These two opposing and often inimical views, when incorporated within reference service, often reduce overall effectiveness'.
    Ex. In some respects, TREC in its present form is antipathetic to interactive information retrieval.
    Ex. Cutter instructs that 'of two subjects exactly opposite choose one and refer from the other, e.g. 'Free Trade and Protection', 'Protection' See 'Free Trade and Protection''.
    Ex. This article identifies predominant worldview and competing schools of thought regarding the teaching of reference work.
    Ex. Librarianship is faced with the problem of the reconciliation of opposed objectives -- the arrest of deterioration in books versus the idea that books are meant to be used, becoming ultimately worn with use.
    Ex. The relationship between the author and editor is based on collaboration, but can also be adversarial at certain points.
    Ex. In fact, weeding aversive staff tend to spend a lot more time complaining about having nothing on the shelves.
    Ex. He creates a type of reverse orientalism peopled by sex-hungry 'dark-age femme fatales' and 'lusty young Barbarians reeking of ale'.
    Ex. Objectors to a major wind farm plan say developers have exaggerated its green benefits.
    ----
    * al contrario = vice versa, to the contrary, contrariwise, quite the opposite, quite the contrary.
    * de lo contrario = if not, otherwise.
    * demostrar lo contrario = prove + differently.
    * en sentido contrario = to the contrary.
    * en sentido contrario a las agujas del reloj = counterclockwise, anti-clockwise.
    * hasta que no se demuestre lo contrario = until proven otherwise.
    * inocente hasta que se demuestre lo contrario = innocent until proven guilty.
    * justamente todo lo contrario = quite the opposite, quite the contrary, quite the reverse.
    * justamente todo lo contrario de = quite the opposite of.
    * justo lo contrario de = quite the opposite of.
    * más bien todo lo contrario = quite the opposite, quite the contrary, quite the reverse.
    * muy por el contrario = in marked contrast.
    * por el contrario = by contrast, conversely, however, in contrast, instead, on the contrary, by way of contrast, to the contrary, quite the opposite, by comparison, contrariwise, quite the contrary, quite the reverse.
    * ser contrario a = be contrary to, be hostile to.
    * todo lo contrario = quite the opposite, quite the contrary, quite the reverse, in marked contrast.
    * viento contrario = headwind.
    * * *
    I
    - ria adjetivo
    1) ( opuesto) <opiniones/intereses> conflicting; < dirección> opposite

    contrario a algo: mi opinión es contraria a la suya I feel very differently to you; soy contrario al uso de la violencia I am against the use of violence; se manifestó contrario a la idea she expressed her opposition to the idea; sería contrario a mis intereses it would be against o (frml) contrary to my interests; contrario a lo que se esperaba... contrary to expectations,...; en sentido contrario al de las agujas del reloj counterclockwise (AmE), anticlockwise (BrE); el coche venía en sentido contrario — ( por el otro carril) the car was coming in the opposite direction; ( por el mismo carril) the car was coming straight at us

    2) ( adversario) < equipo> opposing; < bando> opposite

    la parte contraria — (Der) the opposing party

    al contrario de: al contrario de su hermano... unlike his brother,...; al contrario de lo que esperábamos,... contrary to (our) expectations,...; todo salió al contrario de como lo planearon it turned out just the opposite to what they had planned; de lo contrario or else, otherwise; por el contrario: en el sur, por el contrario, el clima es seco the south, on the other hand, has a dry climate; pensé que era rico - por el contrario, no tiene un peso I thought he was rich - on the contrary o far from it, he doesn't have a penny; todo lo contrario quite the opposite; llevar la contraria: él siempre tiene que llevar la contraria he always has to take the opposite view; llevarle la contraria a alguien — to contradict somebody

    II
    - ria masculino, femenino opponent
    * * *
    = contrary, opposing, inimical, antipathetic, opposite, competing, opposed, adversarial, aversive, reverse, objector.

    Ex: Perhaps there has been a contrary reaction by British academic librarians to conserve their collections.

    Ex: When it is clear that material is biased or misrepresents a group, librarians should correct the situation, either by refusing the material or by giving equal representation to opposing points of view.
    Ex: Anita Schiller's own grim conclusion was that 'These two opposing and often inimical views, when incorporated within reference service, often reduce overall effectiveness'.
    Ex: In some respects, TREC in its present form is antipathetic to interactive information retrieval.
    Ex: Cutter instructs that 'of two subjects exactly opposite choose one and refer from the other, e.g. 'Free Trade and Protection', 'Protection' See 'Free Trade and Protection''.
    Ex: This article identifies predominant worldview and competing schools of thought regarding the teaching of reference work.
    Ex: Librarianship is faced with the problem of the reconciliation of opposed objectives -- the arrest of deterioration in books versus the idea that books are meant to be used, becoming ultimately worn with use.
    Ex: The relationship between the author and editor is based on collaboration, but can also be adversarial at certain points.
    Ex: In fact, weeding aversive staff tend to spend a lot more time complaining about having nothing on the shelves.
    Ex: He creates a type of reverse orientalism peopled by sex-hungry 'dark-age femme fatales' and 'lusty young Barbarians reeking of ale'.
    Ex: Objectors to a major wind farm plan say developers have exaggerated its green benefits.
    * al contrario = vice versa, to the contrary, contrariwise, quite the opposite, quite the contrary.
    * de lo contrario = if not, otherwise.
    * demostrar lo contrario = prove + differently.
    * en sentido contrario = to the contrary.
    * en sentido contrario a las agujas del reloj = counterclockwise, anti-clockwise.
    * hasta que no se demuestre lo contrario = until proven otherwise.
    * inocente hasta que se demuestre lo contrario = innocent until proven guilty.
    * justamente todo lo contrario = quite the opposite, quite the contrary, quite the reverse.
    * justamente todo lo contrario de = quite the opposite of.
    * justo lo contrario de = quite the opposite of.
    * más bien todo lo contrario = quite the opposite, quite the contrary, quite the reverse.
    * muy por el contrario = in marked contrast.
    * por el contrario = by contrast, conversely, however, in contrast, instead, on the contrary, by way of contrast, to the contrary, quite the opposite, by comparison, contrariwise, quite the contrary, quite the reverse.
    * ser contrario a = be contrary to, be hostile to.
    * todo lo contrario = quite the opposite, quite the contrary, quite the reverse, in marked contrast.
    * viento contrario = headwind.

    * * *
    A (opuesto) ‹opiniones/intereses› conflicting; ‹sentido/dirección› opposite
    palabras de significado contrario words with opposite meanings
    los vehículos iban en direcciones contrarias the vehicles were traveling in opposite directions
    mientras no se demuestre lo contrario, es inocente she is innocent until proven guilty
    contrario A algo:
    mi opinión es contraria a la suya I feel very differently to you, my opinion is quite the converse of yours ( frml)
    soy contrario al uso de la violencia I am opposed to o I am against the use of violence
    se manifestó contrario a la idea she expressed her opposition to the idea
    la propuesta es contraria a los intereses de la compañía the proposal is against o ( frml) contrary to the company's interests
    contrario a lo que se esperaba la operación fue un éxito contrary to expectations, the operation was a success
    en sentido contrario al de las agujas del reloj counterclockwise ( AmE), anticlockwise ( BrE)
    B (adversario) ‹equipo› opposing; ‹bando› opposite
    pasarse al bando contrario to change sides, join the opposition
    el defensa del equipo contrario estaba en fuera de juego the opposing team's o the other team's back was offside
    la parte contraria ( Der) the opponent
    C ( en locs):
    al contrario: no me opongo a que venga; al contrario, me parece una idea excelente I don't mind if he comes; on the contrary o quite the opposite o far from it, I think it's an excellent idea
    al contrario de su hermano, es negado para los deportes unlike his brother, he's useless at sport
    al contrario de lo que habíamos pensado, resultó ser agradabilísimo contrary to (our) expectations, he turned out to be very nice
    de lo contrario or else, otherwise
    por el contrario: en el sur, por el contrario, el clima es seco the south, on the other hand, has a dry climate
    pensé que era rico — por el contrario, no tiene un peso I thought he was rich — on the contrary o far from it o quite the opposite, he doesn't have a penny
    todo lo contrario quite the opposite o reverse
    ¿te resultó aburrido? — todo lo contrario, lo encontré fascinante did you find it boring? — quite the opposite o quite the reverse o on the contrary, I found it fascinating
    ella es muy tímida pero el hermano es todo lo contrario she's very shy but her brother's quite the opposite o the complete opposite
    llevar la contraria: seguro que se opone, porque él siempre tiene que llevar la contraria he's sure to object, because he always has to take the opposite view
    le molesta sobremanera que le lleven la contraria she hates being o to be contradicted
    masculine, feminine
    opponent
    * * *

     

    Del verbo contrariar: ( conjugate contrariar)

    contrarío es:

    1ª persona singular (yo) presente indicativo

    contrarió es:

    3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) pretérito indicativo

    Multiple Entries:
    contrariar    
    contrario
    contrariar ( conjugate contrariar) verbo transitivo ( disgustar) to upset;
    ( enojar) to annoy
    contrario
    ◊ - ria adjetivo

    1 ( opuesto) ‹opiniones/intereses› conflicting;
    ‹dirección/lado› opposite;
    ‹ equipo› opposing;
    ‹ bando› opposite;

    mientras no se demuestre lo contrario until proven otherwise;
    sería contrario a mis intereses it would be against o (frml) contrary to my interests;
    See Also→ sentido 2 4
    2 ( en locs)

    al contrario de su hermano … unlike his brother, …;
    de lo contrario or else, otherwise;
    por el contrario on the contrary;
    en el sur, por el contrario, el clima es seco the south, on the other hand, has a dry climate;
    todo lo contrario quite the opposite;
    llevarle la contraria a algn to contradict sb
    ■ sustantivo masculino, femenino
    opponent
    contrariar verbo transitivo
    1 (disgustar) to upset
    2 (contradecir) to go against
    contrario,-a
    I adjetivo
    1 opposite: otro coche venía en sentido contrario, another car was coming in the other direction
    no me cae mal, más bien todo lo contrario, I don't dislike him, quite the contrary
    2 (negativo, nocivo) contrary [a, to]
    II sustantivo masculino y femenino rival
    ♦ Locuciones: siempre lleva la contraria, he always argues
    al contrario/por el contrario, on the contrary
    de lo contrario, otherwise
    ' contrario' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    caso
    - contraria
    - decir
    - estar
    - irse
    - mientras
    - nunca
    - pequeña
    - pequeño
    - pulverizar
    - revés
    - soler
    - Tiro
    - campo
    - contramano
    - oponer
    - sentido
    English:
    adverse
    - against
    - agree
    - aloud
    - anticlimax
    - anticlockwise
    - antisocial
    - camp
    - contrary
    - counterclockwise
    - direction
    - headwind
    - lick
    - opposing
    - opposite
    - otherwise
    - perverse
    - reverse
    - unprofessional
    - wrong
    - counter
    - incline
    - irregular
    - quite
    * * *
    contrario, -a
    ♦ adj
    1. [opuesto] [dirección, sentido, idea] opposite;
    [opinión] contrary;
    soy contrario a las corridas de toros I'm opposed to bullfighting;
    mientras no se demuestre lo contrario, es inocente she's innocent until proved otherwise;
    de lo contrario otherwise;
    respeta a tu madre o de lo contrario tendrás que marcharte show your mother some respect, otherwise you'll have to go;
    todo lo contrario quite the contrary;
    ¿estás enfadado con él? – todo lo contrario, nos llevamos de maravilla are you angry with him? – quite the contrary o not at all, we get on extremely well;
    ella es muy tímida, yo soy todo lo contrario she's very shy, whereas I'm the total opposite
    2. [desfavorable, perjudicial]
    es contrario a nuestros intereses it goes against our interests;
    el abuso de la bebida es contrario a la salud drinking is bad for your health
    3. [rival] opposing;
    el equipo contrario no opuso resistencia the opposing team o opposition didn't put up much of a fight;
    el diputado se pasó al bando contrario the MP left his party and joined their political opponents, Br the MP crossed the floor of the House
    ♦ nm,f
    [rival] opponent
    ♦ nm
    [opuesto] opposite;
    gordo es el contrario de flaco fat is the opposite of thin
    ♦ al contrario loc adv
    on the contrary;
    al contrario de lo que le dijo a usted contrary to what he told you;
    no me disgusta, al contrario, me encanta I don't dislike it, quite the contrary in fact, I like it;
    al contrario de mi casa, la suya tiene calefacción central unlike my house, hers has central heating;
    no me importa, antes al contrario, estaré encantado de poder ayudar I don't mind, on the contrary o indeed I'll be delighted to be able to help
    ♦ por el contrario loc adv
    no queremos que se vaya, por el contrario, queremos que se quede we don't want her to go, on the contrary, we want her to stay;
    este modelo, por el contrario, consume muy poco this model, by contrast, uses very little;
    este año, por el contrario, no hemos tenido pérdidas this year, on the other hand, we haven't suffered any losses
    * * *
    I adj
    1 contrary; sentido opposite;
    al contrario, por el contrario on the contrary;
    todo lo contrario just the opposite;
    de lo contrario otherwise;
    ser contrario a algo be opposed to sth;
    2 equipo opposing
    II m, contraria f adversary, opponent
    * * *
    contrario, - ria adj
    1) : contrary, opposite
    al contrario: on the contrary
    2) : conflicting, opposed
    * * *
    contrario1 adj
    1. (equipo) opposing
    2. (dirección) opposite
    3. (persona) opposed
    1. (persona) opponent
    2. (palabra) opposite
    "alto" es el contrario de "bajo" "tall" is the opposite of "short"
    al contrario / por el contrario on the contrary

    Spanish-English dictionary > contrario

  • 51 llevarse

    1 (obtener) to get; (ganar) to win
    2 (recibir) to get
    3 (estar de moda) to be fashionable
    4 (entenderse) to get on ( con, with), get along ( con, with)
    5 MATEMÁTICAS to carry over
    * * *
    * * *
    VERBO PRONOMINAL
    1) (=tomar consigo) to take

    ¿puedo llevarme este libro? — can I borrow this book?

    -¿le gusta? -sí, me lo llevo — [al comprar] "do you like it?" - "yes, I'll take it"

    2) [+ persona]
    (=acompañar)

    • llevarse a algn por delante — (=atropellar) to run sb over; LAm (=ofender) to offend sb; (=maltratar) to ride roughshod over sb

    la riada se llevó el pueblo por delante — the village was swept away by o in the flood, the flood took the village with it

    esa ley se llevó por delante los derechos de los trabajadores — this law swept away o rode roughshod over the rights of the workers

    3) (=conseguir) [+ premio] to win

    ¡no lo toques o te la llevas! — don't touch it or you'll live to regret it!

    4) (=sufrir)

    • me llevé una alegría — I was so happy

    • se llevó un buen susto — he got a real fright

    5) (=arrastrar)
    6) [en el trato]

    • nos llevamos muy mal — we get on very badly

    matar 2., perro 1., 2)
    7) (=estar de moda) to be in fashion, be all the rage
    8) [con cantidades]

    de doce me llevo una — (Mat) that makes twelve so carry one

    * * *
    (v.) = take, take away, cream off, haul away, cart, make off with, take + Nombre + away, be in, get away with
    Ex. If we take Cindi, Albert will almost surely grieve.
    Ex. For example, books close to the door and the circulation desk may be intended for the user who merely wishes to make a swift selection of items to take away and read elsewhere.
    Ex. Commercial vendors are completely outside conventional library systems, and might cream off the profitable end of the document supply market.
    Ex. City workers carried out orders to burn some of the library books, while others were buried with the aid of a bulldozer; the remaining books were loaded on trucks and hauled away to trash dumps on the outskirts of the city.
    Ex. In England, this job fell to the nightmen, who came after dark to cart the city waste into the countryside for fertilizer.
    Ex. A thief has evaded one of the world's most expensive hi-tech security systems, and made off with £14.5m worth of diamonds.
    Ex. The wizard then took him away hypnotized, so that he wouldn't put up resistance, to a nearby city where he made him into his servant = Entonces, el hechicero se lo llevó hipnotizado, para que no opusiera resistencia, a una ciudad cercana donde lo convirtió en su criado.
    Ex. Like them or not, plaits are still in.
    Ex. A jeweler says thieves who smashed their way into his store and got away with rings are in for a surprise when they find out they are made of brass.
    * * *
    (v.) = take, take away, cream off, haul away, cart, make off with, take + Nombre + away, be in, get away with

    Ex: If we take Cindi, Albert will almost surely grieve.

    Ex: For example, books close to the door and the circulation desk may be intended for the user who merely wishes to make a swift selection of items to take away and read elsewhere.
    Ex: Commercial vendors are completely outside conventional library systems, and might cream off the profitable end of the document supply market.
    Ex: City workers carried out orders to burn some of the library books, while others were buried with the aid of a bulldozer; the remaining books were loaded on trucks and hauled away to trash dumps on the outskirts of the city.
    Ex: In England, this job fell to the nightmen, who came after dark to cart the city waste into the countryside for fertilizer.
    Ex: A thief has evaded one of the world's most expensive hi-tech security systems, and made off with £14.5m worth of diamonds.
    Ex: The wizard then took him away hypnotized, so that he wouldn't put up resistance, to a nearby city where he made him into his servant = Entonces, el hechicero se lo llevó hipnotizado, para que no opusiera resistencia, a una ciudad cercana donde lo convirtió en su criado.
    Ex: Like them or not, plaits are still in.
    Ex: A jeweler says thieves who smashed their way into his store and got away with rings are in for a surprise when they find out they are made of brass

    .

    * * *

     

    ■llevarse verbo reflexivo
    1 (de un sitio a otro) to take away: ¡llévatelo de aquí!, take it away!
    se llevaron la televisión al dormitorio, they moved the television to the bedroom
    2 (un premio, una felicitación) to win
    llevarse un susto, to have a fright
    3 (arrebatar) to carry away: se lo llevó la corriente, the current carried it away
    se llevaron el dinero, they took away all the money
    4 fam (estar de moda) to be fashionable 5 llevarse bien/mal con alguien, to get on well/badly with sb: con su padre no me llevo en absoluto, I don't get on with his father at all
    6 (haber una diferencia) se llevan diez años, there's a difference of ten years in their ages
    ♦ Locuciones: llevársele los demonios, to get really angry o mad
    llevarse el gato al agua, to succeed o to pull off
    ' llevarse' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    avenirse
    - calle
    - desengaño
    - entenderse
    - palma
    - perra
    - perro
    - compaginar
    - conectar
    - entender
    - gato
    - jalar
    - llevar
    - premio
    - preso
    - susto
    English:
    agree
    - blow off
    - carry off
    - conform
    - doggy bag
    - get along
    - get on
    - just
    - lead away
    - make off
    - reap
    - relationship
    - spirit
    - take
    - take away
    - term
    - walk off
    - walk with
    - wash away
    - whisk away
    - whisk off
    - carry
    - get
    - go
    - grab
    - lead
    - rough
    - shock
    - wash
    * * *
    vpr
    1. [tomar consigo] to take;
    alguien se ha llevado mi sombrero someone has taken my hat;
    voy a llevarme esta falda [comprar] I'll take o have this skirt;
    ¿se lo envuelvo o se lo lleva puesto? shall I wrap it up for you or do you want to keep it on?
    2. [trasladar, desplazar] to take;
    los agentes se lo llevaron detenido the policemen took him away;
    se llevó el cigarrillo a la boca she brought o raised the cigarette to her lips;
    llevarse algo por delante: la riada se llevó por delante casas y vehículos the flood swept o washed away houses and vehicles;
    un coche se lo llevó por delante he was run over by a car
    3. [conseguir] to get;
    se ha llevado el premio she has carried off o won the prize
    4. [recibir] [susto, sorpresa] to get;
    [reprimenda] to receive;
    como vuelvas a hacerlo te llevarás una bofetada if you do it again you'll get a smack;
    me llevé un disgusto/una desilusión I was upset/disappointed;
    llevarse una alegría to have o get a pleasant surprise;
    yo me llevo siempre las culpas I always get the blame
    5. [entenderse]
    llevarse bien/mal (con alguien) to get on well/badly (with sb);
    no me llevo muy bien con él I don't get on very well with him;
    se llevan a matar they are mortal enemies
    6. [estar de moda] to be in (fashion);
    este año se lleva el verde green is in this year;
    ahora se llevan mucho las despedidas de soltera hen parties are really in at the moment
    7. [recíproco] [diferencia de edad]
    mi hermana mayor y yo nos llevamos cinco años there are five years between me and my older sister
    8. [en operaciones matemáticas]
    me llevo una carry (the) one
    * * *
    v/r
    1 take
    3
    :
    llevarse bien/mal get on well/badly
    4
    :
    se lleva el color rojo red is fashionable
    * * *
    vr
    1) : to take away, to carry off
    2) : to get along
    siempre nos llevábamos bien: we always got along well
    * * *
    1. (robar) to take [pt. took; pp. taken]
    2. (estar de moda) to be in fashion

    Spanish-English dictionary > llevarse

  • 52 croisement

    croisement [kʀwazmɑ̃]
    masculine noun
       a. ( = carrefour) crossroads
       b. [de races] crossbreeding uncount ; ( = résultat) cross
    * * *
    kʀwɑzmɑ̃
    nom masculin
    1) ( de routes) ( carrefour) crossroads (+ v sg); ( point d'intersection) crossing, junction
    2) (de fils, lanières) crossing
    4) ( d'espèces) ( méthode) crossing [U] ( avec with), crossbreeding [U] ( avec with); ( spécimen obtenu) hybrid, cross(breed)
    * * *
    kʀwazmɑ̃ nm
    1) (= carrefour) crossroads sg

    Tournez à gauche au croisement. — Turn left at the crossroads.

    2) BIOLOGIE (= opération) crossing, (= produit) crossbreed
    * * *
    1 Transp ( carrefour) crossroads; ( point d'intersection) crossing, junction; au croisement des (deux) routes where the (two) roads cross; au croisement de la rue A et de la rue B where A Street and B Street cross; au croisement de la route et de la voie ferrée where the road crosses the railway line; au croisement de la modernité et de la tradition where modernity and tradition meet;
    2 ( entrecroisement) (de fils, lanières) crossing; croisement des financements cross-financing;
    3 ( fait de passer à côté de) le croisement de deux trains two trains passing one another; les croisements ne peuvent s'effectuer qu'ici this is the only place where vehicles can pass;
    4 Biol, Hort, Zool ( méthode) crossing ¢ (avec with), crossbreeding ¢ (avec with); ( spécimen obtenu) hybrid, cross(breed); obtenu par des croisements répétés obtained by repeated crossbreeding ou hybridizationGB; faire des croisements (d'espèces) to crossbreed species; faire un croisement entre A et B to cross A with B; c'est un croisement de A et B it's a cross between A and B; grâce au croisement de plusieurs techniques fig through the combination of several techniques; c'est le produit du croisement de deux styles it is a mixture of two different styles.
    [krwazmɑ̃] nom masculin
    1. [intersection] crossroads, junction
    c'est un croisement entre un épagneul et un setter it's a cross between a spaniel and a setter, it's a spaniel-setter crossbreed
    3. [rencontre]
    le croisement de deux voitures/navires two cars/boats passing each other

    Dictionnaire Français-Anglais > croisement

  • 53 BERA

    * * *
    I)
    (ber; bar, bárum; borinn), v.
    I.
    1) to bear, carry, convey (bar B. biskup í börum suðr í Hvamm);
    bera (farm) af skipi, to unload a ship;
    bera (mat) af borði, to take (the meat) off the table;
    bera e-t á hesti, to carry on horseback;
    2) to wear (bera klæði, vápn, kórónu);
    bera œgishjálm, to inspire fear and awe;
    3) to bear, produce, yield (jörðin berr gras; tré bera aldin, epli);
    4) to bear, give birth to, esp. of sheep and cows;
    kýr hafði borit kálf, had calved;
    absol., ván at hón mundi bera, that the cow would calve;
    the pp. is used of men; hann hafði verit blindr borinn, born blind;
    verða borinn í þenna heim, to be born into this world;
    þann sóma, sem ek em til borinn, born to;
    borinn e-m, frá e-m (rare), born of;
    Nótt var Nörvi borin, was the daughter of N.;
    borinn Sigmundi, son of S.;
    5) bera e-n afli, ofrafli, ofrliði, ofrmagni, ofríki, to bear one down, overcome, oppress, one by odds or superior force;
    bera e-n ráðum, to overrule one;
    bera e-n bjóri, to make drunk with beer;
    verða bráðum borinn, to be taken by surprise;
    borinn verkjum, overcome by pains;
    þess er borin ván, there is no hope, all hope is gone;
    borinn baugum, bribed; cf. bera fé á e-n, to bribe one;
    6) to lear, be capable of bearing (of a ship, horse, vehicle);
    þeir hlóðu bæði skipin sem borð báru, with as much as they could carry;
    fig., to sustain, support (svá mikill mannfjöldi, at landit fekk eigi borit);
    of persons, to bear up against, endure, support (grief, sorrow, etc.);
    absol., bar hann drengiliga, he bore it manfully;
    similarly, bera (harm) af sér, berast vel (illa, lítt) af;
    bar hon sköruliga af sér, she bore up bravely;
    hversu berst Auðr af um bróðurdauðann, how does she bear it?
    hon berst af lítt, she is much cast down;
    bera sik vel upp, to bear well up against;
    7) bera e-t á, e-n á hendr e-m, to charge or tax one with (eigi erum vér þess valdir, er þú berr á oss);
    bera (kvið) á e-n, to give a verdict against, declare guilty (í annat sinn báru þeir á Flosa kviðinn);
    bera af e-m (kviðinn), to give a verdict for;
    bera e-t af sér, to deny having done a thing;
    bera or bera vitni, vætti, to bear witness, testify;
    bera or bera um e-t, to give a verdict in a case;
    bera e-n sannan at sök, to prove guilty by evidence;
    bera e-n undan sök, to acquit;
    bera í sundr frændsemi þeirra, to prove (by evidence) that they are not relations;
    refl. (pass.), berast, to be proved by evidence (þótt þér berist þat faðerni, er þú segir);
    8) to set forth, report, tell;
    bera e-m kveðju (orð, orðsending), to bring one a greeting, compliments (word, message);
    bera or bera fram erindi sín fyrir e-n, to state (tell) one’s errand or to plead one’s case before one;
    bera e-m njósn, to apprise one;
    bera e-t upp, to produce, mention, tell;
    bera upp erindi sín, to state one’s errand;
    bera saman ráð sín, to consult together;
    eyddist það ráð, er þeir báru saman, which they had designed;
    9) to keep, hold, bear, of a title (bera jarlnafn, konnungsnafn);
    bera (eigi) giptu, gæfu, hammingju, auðnu til e-s, (not) to have the good fortune to do a thing (bar hann enga gæfu til at þjóna þér);
    bera vit, skyn, kunnáttu á e-t, to have knowledge of, uniderstanding about;
    bera hug, áræði, þor, traust til e-s, to have courage, confidence to do a thing;
    bera áhyggju fyrir e-u, to be concerned about;
    bera ást, elsku, hatr til e-s, to bear affection, love, hatred to;
    10) to bear off or away, carry off (some gain);
    bera sigr af e-m, af e-u, to carry off the victory from or in;
    hann hafði borit sigr af tveim orustum, he had been victorious in two battles;
    bera hærra (lægra) hlut to get the best (the worst) of it;
    bera efra (hærra) skjöld, to gain the victory;
    bera hátt (lágt) höfuðit, to bear the head high (low), to be in high (low) spirits;
    bera halann bratt, lágt, to cock up or let fall the tail, to be in high or low spirits;
    11) with preps.:
    bera af e-m, to surpass;
    en þó bar Bolli af, surpassed all the rest;
    bera af sér högg, lag to ward off, parry a blow or thrust;
    bera eld at, to set fire to;
    bera fjötur (bönd) at e-m, to put fetters (bonds) on one;
    bera á or í, to smear, anoint (bera vatn í augu sér, bera tjöru í höfuð sér);
    bera e-t til, to apply to, to try if it fits (bera til hvern lykil af öðrum at portinu);
    bera e-t um, to wind round;
    þá bar hann þá festi um sik, made it fast round his body;
    bera um með e-n, to bear with, have patience with;
    bera út barn, to expose a child;
    12) refl., berast mikit (lítit) á, to bear oneself proudly (humbly);
    láta af berast, to die;
    láta fyrir berast e-s staðar, to stay, remain in a place (for shelter);
    berast e-t fyrir, to design a thing (barst hann þat fyrir at sjá aldregi konur);
    at njósna um, hvat hann bærist fyrir, to inquire into what he was about;
    berast vápn á, to attack one another;
    berast at or til, to happen;
    þat barst at (happened) á einhverju sumri;
    ef svá harðliga kann til at berast, if that misfortune does happen;
    berast í móti, to happen, occur;
    hefir þetta vel í móti borizt, it is a happy coincidence;
    berast við, to be prevented;
    ok nú lét almáttugr guð við berast kirkjubrunann, prevented, stopped the burning of the church;
    II. impers., denoting a sort of passive or involuntary motion;
    alla berr at sama brunni, all come to the same well (end);
    bar hann (acc.) þá ofan gegnt Ösuri, he happened to come down just opposite to Ö.;
    esp. of ships and sailors; berr oss (acc.) til Íslands eða annarra landa, we drift to Iceland or other countries;
    þá (acc.) bar suðr í haf, they were carried out southwards;
    Skarpheðin (acc.) bar nú at þeim, S. came suddenly upon them;
    ef hann (acc.) skyldi bera þar at, if he should happen to come there;
    e-n berr yfir, one is borne onwards, of a bird flying, a man riding;
    hann (acc.) bar skjótt yfir, it passed quickly (of a flying meteor);
    2) followed by preps.:
    Gunnar sér, at rauðan kyrtil bar við glugginn, that a red kirtle passed before the window;
    hvergi bar skugga (acc.) á, there was nowhere a shadow;
    e-t berr fram (hátt), is prominent;
    Ólafr konungr stóð í lyptingu ok bar hann (acc.) hátt mjök, stood out conspicuously;
    e-t berr á milli, comes between;
    leiti (acc.) bar á milli, a hill hid the prospect;
    fig. e-m berr e-t á milli, they are at variance about a thing;
    mart (acc.) berr nú fyrir augu mér, many things come now before my eyes;
    veiði (acc.) berr í hendr e-m, game falls to one’s lot;
    e-t berr undan, goes amiss, fails;
    bera saman, to coincide;
    bar nöfn þeirra saman, they had the same name;
    fig., with dat.; bar öllum sögum vel saman, all the stories agreed well together;
    fund várn bar saman, we met;
    3) bera at, til, við, at hendi, til handa, to befall, happen, with dat. of the person;
    svá bar at einn vetr, it happened one winter;
    þó at þetta vandræði (acc.) hafi nú borit oss (dat.) at hendi, has befallen us;
    bar honum svá til, it so befell him;
    þat bar við (it so happened), at Högni kom;
    raun (acc.) berr á, it is proved by fact;
    4) of time, to fall upon;
    ef þing (acc.) berr á hina helgu viku, if the parliament falls in the holy week;
    bera í móti, to coincide, happen exactly at the same time;
    5) denoting cause;
    e-t berr til, causes a thing;
    konungr spurði, hvat til bæri úgleði hans, what was the cause of his grief;
    ætluðu þat þá allir, at þat mundi til bera, that that was the reason;
    berr e-m nauðsyn til e-s, one is obliged to do a thing;
    6) e-t berr undir e-n, falls to a person’s lot;
    hon á arf at taka, þegar er undir hana berr, in her turn;
    e-t berr frá, is surpassing;
    er sagt, at þat (acc.) bæri frá, hvé vel þeir mæltu, it was extraordinary how well they spoke;
    7) e-t berr bráðum, happens of a sudden;
    e-t berr stóru, stórum (stœrrum), it amounts to much (more), it matters a great deal (more), it is of great (greater) importance;
    8) absol. or with an adv., vel, illa, with infin.;
    e-m berr (vel, illa) at gera e-t, it becomes, beseems one (well, ill) to do a thing (berr yðr vel, herra, at sjá sannindi á þessu máli);
    used absol., berr vel, illa, it is beseeming, proper, fit, or unbeseeming, improper, unfit (þat þykkir eigi illa bera, at).
    (að), v. to make bare (hon beraði likam sinn).
    * * *
    1.
    u, f.
    I. [björn], a she-bear, Lat. ursa; the primitive root ‘ber’ remains only in this word (cp. berserkr and berfjall), björn (q. v.) being the masc. in use, Landn. 176, Fas. i. 367, Vkv. 9: in many Icel. local names, Beru-fjörðr, -vík, from Polar bears; fem. names, Bera, Hallbera, etc., Landn.
    II. a shield, poët., the proverb, baugr er á beru sæmstr, to a shield fits best a baugr (q. v.), Lex. Poët., Edda (Gl.); hence names of poems Beru-drápa, Eg.
    2.
    bar, báru, borit, pres. berr,—poët. forms with the suffixed negative; 3rd pers. sing. pres. Indic. berrat, Hm. 10; 3rd pers. sing. pret. barat, Vellekla; 1st pers. sing. barkak, Eb. 62 (in a verse); barkat ek, Hs. 8; 2nd pers. sing. bartattu; 3rd pers. pl. bárut, etc., v. Lex. Poët. [Gr. φέρειν; Lat. ferre; Ulf. bairan; A. S. beran; Germ. gebären; Engl. bear; Swed. bära; Dan. bære].
    A. Lat. ferre, portare:
    I. prop. with a sense of motion, to bear, carry, by means of the body, of animals, of vehicles, etc., with acc., Egil tók mjöðdrekku eina mikla, ok bar undir hendi sér, Eg. 237; bar hann heim hrís, Rm. 9; konungr lét bera inn kistur tvær, báru tveir menn hverja, Eg. 310; bera farm af skipi, to unload a ship, Ld. 32; bera (farm) á skip, to load a ship, Nj. 182; tóku alla ösku ok báru á á ( amnem) út, 623, 36; ok bar þat ( carried it) í kerald, 43, K. Þ. K. 92; b. mat á borð, í stofu, to put the meat on table, in the oven; b. mat af borði, to take it off table, Eb. 36, 266, Nj. 75, Fms. ix. 219, etc.
    2. Lat. gestare, ferre, denoting to wear clothes, to carry weapons; skikkja dýr er konungr hafði borit, Eg. 318; b. kórónu, to wear the crown, Fms. x. 16; atgeir, Nj. 119; vápn, 209: metaph., b. ægishjálm, to inspire fear and awe; b. merki, to carry the flag in a battle, Nj. 274, Orkn. 28, 30, 38, Fms. v. 64, vi. 413; bera fram merki, to advance, move in a battle, vi. 406.
    3. b. e-t á hesti (áburðr), to carry on horseback; Auðunn bar mat á hesti, Grett. 107; ok bar hrís á hesti, 76 new Ed.; þeir báru á sjau hestum, 98 new Ed.
    II. without a sense of motion:
    1. to give birth to; [the root of barn, bairn; byrja, incipere; burðr, partus; and burr, filius: cp. Lat. parĕre; also Gr. φέρειν, Lat. ferre, of child-bearing.] In Icel. prose, old as well as mod., ‘ala’ and ‘fæða’ are used of women; but ‘bera,’ of cows and sheep; hence sauðburðr, casting of lambs, kýrburðr; a cow is snembær, siðbær, Jólabær, calves early, late, at Yule time, etc.; var ekki ván at hon ( the cow) mundi b. fyr en um várit, Bs. i. 193, 194; kýr hafði borit kálf, Bjarn. 32; bar hvárrtveggi sauðrinn sinn burð, Stj. 178: the participle borinn is used of men in a great many compds in a general sense, aptrborinn, árborinn, endrborinn, frjálsborinn, goðborinn, höldborinn, hersborinn, konungborinn, óðalborinn, samborinn, sundrborinn, velborinn, úborinn, þrælborinn, etc.; also out of compds, mun ek eigi upp gefa þann sóma, sem ek em til borinn, … entitled to by inheritance, Ld. 102; hann hafði blindr verit borinn, born blind, Nj. 152, Hdl. 34, 42, Vsp. 2: esp. borinn e-m, born of one, Rm. 39, Hdl. 12, 23, 27, Hðm. 2, Gs. 9, Vþm. 25, Stor. 16, Vkv. 15; borinn frá e-m, Hdl. 24: the other tenses are in theol. Prose used of Christ, hans blezaða son er virðist at láta berast hingað í heim af sinni blezaðri móður, Fms. i. 281; otherwise only in poetry, eina dóttur (acc.) berr álfröðull (viz. the sun, regarded as the mother), Vþm. 47; hann Gjálp um bar, hann Greip um bar …, Hdl. 36: borit (sup.), Hkv. 1. 1.
    β. of trees, flowers; b. ávöxt, blóm …, to bear fruit, flower … (freq.); bar aldinviðrinn tvennan blóma, Fms. ix. 265; cp. the phrase, bera sitt barr, v. barr.
    2. denoting to load, with acc. of the person and dat. of the thing:
    α. in prop. sense; hann hafði borit sik mjök vápnum, he had loaded himself with arms, i. e. wore heavy armour, Sturl. iii. 250.
    β. but mostly in a metaph. sense; b. e-n ofrafli, ofrmagni, ofrliði, ofríki, magni, to bear one down, to overcome, oppress one, by odds or superior force, Grág. i. 101, ii. 195, Nj. 80, Hkr. ii. 371, Gþl. 474, Stj. 512, Fms. iii. 175 (in the last passage a dat. pers. badly); b. e-n ráðum, to overrule one, Nj. 198, Ld. 296; b. e-n málum, to bearhim down (wrongfully) in a lawsuit, Nj. 151; b. e-n bjóri, to make drunk, Vkv. 26: medic., borinn verkjum, sótt, Bjarn. 68, Og. 5; bölvi, Gg. 2: borne down, feeling heavy pains; þess er borin ván, no hope, all hope is gone, Ld. 250; borinn sök, charged with a cause, Fms. v. 324, H. E. i. 561; bráðum borinn, to be taken by surprise, Fms. iv. 111; b. fé, gull á e-n, to bring one a fee, gold, i. e. to bribe one, Nj. 62; borinn baugum, bribed, Alvm. 5; always in a bad sense, cp. the law phrase, b. fé í dóm, to bribe a court, Grág., Nj. 240.
    3. to bear, support, sustain, Lat. sustinere, lolerare, ferre:
    α. properly, of a ship, horse, vehicle, to bear, be capable of bearing; þeir hlóðu bæði skipin sem borð báru, all that they could carry, Eb. 302;—a ship ‘berr’ ( carries) such and such a weight; but ‘tekr’ ( takes) denotes a measure of fluids.
    β. metaph. to sustain, support; dreif þannig svá mikill mannfjöldi at landit fékk eigi borit, Hkr. i. 56; but metaph. to bear up against, endure, support grief, sorrow, etc., sýndist öllum at Guð hefði nær ætlað hvat hann mundi b. mega, Bs. i. 139; biðr hann friðar ok þykist ekki mega b. reiði hans, Fms. iii. 80: the phrase, b. harm sinn í hljóði, to suffer silently; b. svívirðing, x. 333: absol., þótti honum mikit víg Kjartans, en þó bar hann drengilega, he bore it manfully, Ld. 226; er þat úvizka, at b. eigi slíkt, not to bear or put up with, Glúm. 327; b. harm, to grieve, Fms. xi. 425: in the phrases, b. sik, b. af sér, berask, berask vel (illa, lítt), to bear oneself, to bear up against misfortune; Guðrúnu þótti mikit fráfall Þorkels, en þó bar hon sköruliga af sér, she bore her bravely up, Ld. 326–328; lézt hafa spurt at ekkjan bæri vel af sér harmana, Eb. 88; berask af; hversu bersk Auðr af um bróðurdauðann? (how does she bear it?); hón bersk af lítt ( she is much borne down) ok þykir mikit, Gísl. 24; niun oss vandara gört en öðrum at vér berim oss vel (Lat. fortiter ferre), Nj. 197; engi maðr hefði þar jamvel borit sik, none bad borne himself so boldly, Sturl. iii. 132; b. sik vel upp, to bear well up against, bear a stout heart, Hrafn. 17; b. sik beiskliga ( sorely), Stj. 143; b. sik lítt, to be downcast, Fms. ii. 61; b. sik at göra e-t, to do one’s best, try a thing.
    III. in law terms or modes of procedure:
    1. bera járn, the ordeal of bearing hot iron in the hand, cp. járnburðr, skírsla. This custom was introduced into Scandinavia together with Christianity from Germany and England, and superseded the old heathen ordeals ‘hólmganga,’ and ‘ganga undir jarðarmen,’ v. this word. In Norway, during the civil wars, it was esp. used in proof of paternity of the various pretenders to the crown, Fms. vii. 164, 200, ix. Hák. S. ch. 14, 41–45, viii. (Sverr. S.) ch. 150, xi. (Jómsv. S.) ch. 11, Grett. ch. 41, cp. N. G. L. i. 145, 389. Trial by ordeal was abolished in Norway A. D. 1247. In Icel. It was very rarely mentioned, vide however Lv. ch. 23 (paternity), twice or thrice in the Sturl. i. 56, 65, 147, and Grág. i. 341, 361; it seems to have been very seldom used there, (the passage in Grett. S. l. c. refers to Norway.)
    2. bera út (hence útburðr, q. v.), to expose children; on this heathen custom, vide Grimm R. A. In heathen Icel., as in other parts of heathen Scandinavia, it was a lawful act, but seldom exercised; the chief passages on record are, Gunnl. S. ch. 3 (ok þat var þá siðvandi nokkurr, er land var allt alheiðit, at þeir menn er félitlir vórn, en stóð ómegð mjök til handa létu út bera börn sín, ok þótti þó illa gört ávalt), Fs. Vd. ch. 37, Harð. S. ch. 8, Rd. ch. 7, Landn. v. ch. 6, Finnb. ch. 2, Þorst. Uxaf. ch. 4, Hervar. S. ch. 4, Fas. i. 547 (a romance); cp. Jómsv. S. ch. 1. On the introduction of Christianity into Icel. A. D. 1000, it was resolved that, in regard to eating of horse-flesh and exposure of children, the old laws should remain in force, Íb. ch. 9; as Grimm remarks, the exposure must take place immediately after birth, before the child had tasted food of any kind whatever, and before it was besprinkled with water (ausa vatni) or shown to the father, who had to fix its name; exposure, after any of these acts, was murder, cp. the story of Liafburga told by Grimm R. A.); v. Also a Latin essay at the end of the Gunnl. S. (Ed. 1775). The Christian Jus Eccl. put an end to this heathen barbarism by stating at its very beginning, ala skal barn hvert er borit verðr, i. e. all children, if not of monstrous shape, shall be brought up, N. G. L. i. 339, 363.
    β. b. út (now more usual, hefja út, Am. 100), to carry out for burial; vera erfðr ok tit borinn, Odd. 20; var hann heygðr, ok út borinn at fornum sið, Fb. i. 123; b. á bál, to place (the body and treasures) upon the pile, the mode of burying in the old heathen time, Fas. i. 487 (in a verse); var hon borin á bálit ok slegit í eldi, Edda 38.
    B. Various and metaph. cases.
    I. denoting motion:
    1. ‘bera’ is in the Grág. the standing law term for delivery of a verdict by a jury (búar), either ‘bera’ absol. or adding kvið ( verdict); bera á e-n, or b. kvið á e-n, to give a verdict against, declare guilty; bera af e-m, or b. af e-m kviðinn, to give a verdict for; or generally, bera, or b. um e-t, to give a verdict in a case; bera, or b. vitni, vætti, also simply means to testify, to witness, Nj. 111, cp. kviðburðr ( delivering of verdict), vitnisburðr ( bearing witness), Grág. ii. 28; eigi eigu búar ( jurors) enn at b. um þat hvat lög eru á landi hér, the jurors have not to give verdict in (to decide) what is law in the country, cp. the Engl. maxim, that jurors have only to decide the question of evidence, not of law, Grág. (Kb.) ch. 85; eigi eru búar skildir at b. um hvatvetna; um engi mál eigu þeir at skilja, þau er erlendis ( abroad) hafa görzt, id.; the form in delivering the verdict—höfum vér ( the jurors), orðit á eitt sáttir, berum á kviðburðinn, berum hann sannan at sökinni, Nj. 238, Grág. i. 49, 22, 138, etc.; í annat sinn báru þeir á Flosa kviðinn, id.; b. annattveggja af eðr á; b. undan, to discharge, Nj. 135; b. kvið í hag ( for), Grág. i. 55; b. lýsingar vætti, Nj. 87; b. vitni ok vætti, 28, 43, 44; b. ljúgvitni, to bear false witness, Grág. i. 28; b. orð, to bear witness to a speech, 43; bera frændsemi sundr, to prove that they are not relations, N. G. L. i. 147: reflex., berask ór vætti, to prove that oneself is wrongly summoned to bear witness or to give a verdict, 44: berask in a pass. sense, to be proved by evidence, ef vanefni b. þess manns er á hönd var lýst, Grág. i. 257; nema jafnmæli berisk, 229; þótt þér berisk þat faðerni er þú segir, Fms. vii. 164; hann kvaðst ætla, at honum mundi berask, that he would be able to get evidence for, Fs. 46.
    β. gener. and not as a law term; b. á, b. á hendr, to charge; b. e-n undan, to discharge, Fs. 95; eigi erum vér þessa valdir er þú berr á oss, Nj. 238, Ld. 206, Fms. iv. 380, xi. 251, Th. 78; b. e-m á brýnn, to throw in one’s face, to accuse, Greg. 51; b. af sér, to deny; eigi mun ek af mér b., at… ( non diffitebor), Nj. 271; b. e-m gott vitni, to give one a good…, 11; b. e-m vel (illa) söguna, to bear favourable (unfavourable) witness of one, 271.
    2. to bear by word of mouth, report, tell, Lat. referre; either absol. or adding kveðju, orð, orðsending, eyrindi, boð, sögu, njósn, frétt…, or by adding a prep., b. fram, frá, upp, fyrir; b. kveðju, to bring a greeting, compliment, Eg. 127; b. erindi (sín) fyrir e-n, to plead one’s case before one, or to tell one’s errand, 472, 473; b. njósn, to apprise, Nj. 131; b. fram, to deliver (a speech), talaði jungherra Magnús hit fyrsta erindi (M. made his first speech in public), ok fanst mönnum mikit um hversu úbernsliga fram var borit, Fms. x. 53; (in mod. usage, b. fram denotes gramm. to pronounce, hence ‘framburðr,’ pronunciation); mun ek þat nú fram b., I shall now tell, produce it, Ld. 256, Eg. 37; b. frá, to attest, relate with emphasis; má þat frá b., Dropl. 21; b. upp, to produce, mention, tell, þótt slík lygi sé upp borin fyrir hann, though such a lie be told him, Eg. 59; þær (viz. charges) urðu engar upp bornar ( produced) við Rút, Nj. 11; berr Sigtryggr þegar upp erindi sín (cp. Germ. ojfenbaren), 271, Ld. 256; b. upp gátu, to give (propound) a riddle, Stj. 411, Fas. i. 464; b. fyrir, to plead as an excuse; b. saman ráð sín, or the like, to consult, Nj. 91; eyddist þat ráð, er þeir báru saman, which they had designed, Post. 656 A. ii; b. til skripta, to confess (eccl.), of auricular confession, Hom. 124, 655 xx.
    II. in a metaphorical or circumlocutory sense, and without any sense of motion, to keep, hold, bear, of a title; b. nafn, to bear a name, esp. as honour or distinction; tignar nafn, haulds nafn, jarls nafn, lends manns nafn, konungs nafn, bónda nafn, Fms. i. 17, vi. 278, xi. 44, Gþl. 106: in a more metaph. sense, denoting endowments, luck, disposition, or the like, b. (ekki) gæfu, hamingju, auðnu til e-s, to enjoy (enjoy not) good or bad luck, etc.; at Þórólfr mundi eigi allsendis gæfu til b. um vináttu við Harald, Eg. 75, 112, 473, Fms. iv. 164, i. 218; úhamingju, 219; b. vit, skyn, kunnáttu á (yfir) e-t, to bring wit, knowledge, etc., to bear upon a thing, xi. 438, Band. 7; hence vel (illa) viti borinn, well (ill) endowed with wit, Eg. 51; vel hyggjandi borinn, well endowed with reason, Grág. ii; b. hug, traust, áræði, þor, til e-s, to have courage, confidence … to do a thing, Gullþ. 47, Fms. ix. 220, Band. 7; b. áhyggju, önn fyrir, to care, be concerned about, Fms. x. 318; b. ást, elsku til e-s, to bear affection, love to one; b. hatr, to hate: b. svört augu, to have dark eyes, poët., Korm. (in a verse); b. snart hjarta, Hom. 5; vant er þat af sjá hvar hvergi berr hjarta sitt, where he keeps his heart, Orkn. 474; b. gott hjarta, to bear a proud heart, Lex. Poët., etc. etc.; b. skyndi at um e-t, to make speed with a thing, Lat. festinare, Fms. viii. 57.
    2. with some sense of motion, to bear off or away, carry off, gain, in such phrases as, b. sigr af e-m, af e-u, to carry off the victory from or in …; hann hafði borit sigr af tveim orrustum, er frægstar hafa verit, he had borne off the victory in two battles, Fms. xi. 186; bera banaorð af e-m, to slay one in a fight, to be the victor; Þorr berr banaorð af Miðgarðsormi, Edda 42, Fms. x. 400: it seems properly to mean, to bear off the fame of having killed a man; verðat svá rík sköp, at Regin skyli mitt banorð bera, Fm. 39; b. hærra, lægra hlut, ‘to bear off the higher or the lower lot,’ i. e. to get the best or the worst of it, or the metaphor is taken from a sortilege, Fms. ii. 268, i. 59, vi. 412; b. efra, hærra skjöld, to carry the highest shield, to get the victory, x. 394, Lex. Poët.; b. hátt (lágt) höfuðit, to bear the head high (low), i. e. to be in high or low spirits, Nj. 91; but also, b. halann bratt (lágt), to cock up or let fall the tail (metaph. from cattle), to be in an exultant or low mood: sundry phrases, as, b. bein, to rest the bones, be buried; far þú til Íslands, þar mun þér auðið verða beinin at b., Grett. 91 A; en þó hygg ek at þú munir hér b. beinin í Norðrálfunni, Orkn. 142; b. fyrir borð, to throw overboard, metaph. to oppress; verðr Þórhalli nú fyrir borð borinn, Th. was defied, set at naught, Fær. 234; b. brjóst fyrir e-m, to be the breast-shield, protection of one, Fms. vii. 263: also, b. hönd fyrir höfuð sér, metaph. to put one’s hand before one’s head, i. e. to defend oneself; b. ægishjálm yfir e-m, to keep one in awe and submission, Fm. 16, vide A. I. 2.
    III. connected with prepp., b. af, and (rarely) yfir (cp. afburðr, yfirburðr), to excel, surpass; eigi sá hvárttveggja féit er af öðrum berr, who gets the best of it, Nj. 15; en þó bar Bolli af, B. surpassed all the rest, Ld. 330; þat mannval bar eigi minnr af öðrum mönnum um fríðleik, afi ok fræknleik, en Ormrinn Langi af öðrum skipum, Fms. ii. 252; at hinn útlendi skal yfir b. ( outdo) þann sem Enskir kalla meistara, xi. 431: b. til, to apply, try if it fits; en er þeir báru til (viz. shoes to the hoof of a horse), þá var sem hæfði hestinum, ix. 55; bera til hvern lykil at öðrum at portinu, Thom. 141; b. e-t við, to try it on (hence viðburðr, experiment, effort): b. um, to wind round, as a cable round a pole or the like, Nj. 115; þá bar hann þá festi um sik, made it fast round his body, Fms. ix. 219; ‘b. e-t undir e-n’ is to consult one, ellipt., b. undir dóm e-s; ‘b. e-t fyrir’ is to feign, use as excuse: b. á, í, to smear, anoint; b. vatn í augu sér, Rb. 354; b. tjöru í höfuð sér, Nj. 181, Hom. 70, 73, cp. áburðr; b. gull, silfr, á, to ornament with gold or silver, Ld. 114, Finnb. 258: is now also used = to dung, b. á völl; b. vápn á e-n, to attack one with sharp weapons, Eg. 583, Fms. xi. 334: b. eld at, to set fire to, Nj. 122; b. fjötur (bönd) at e-m, to put fetters (bonds) on one, Fms. x. 172, Hm. 150: metaph. reflex., bönd berask at e-m, a law term, the evidence bears against one; b. af sér, to parry off; Gyrðr berr af sér lagit, G. parries the thrust off, Fms. x. 421; cp. A. II. 3. β.
    IV. reflex., berask mikit á (cp. áburðr), to bear oneself proudly, or b. lítið á, to bear oneself humbly; hann var hinn kátasti ok barst á mikit, Fms. ii. 68, viii. 219, Eb. 258; b. lítið á, Clem. 35; láta af berask, to die; Óttarr vill skipa til um fjárfar sitt áðr hann láti af b., Fms. ii. 12: berask fyrir, to abide in a place as an asylum, seek shelter; hér munu vit láta fyrir b., Fas. iii. 471; berask e-t fyrir, to design a thing, be busy about, barsk hann þat fyrir at sjá aldregi konur, Greg. 53; at njósna um hvat hann bærist fyrir, to inquire into what he was about, Fms. iv. 184, Vígl. 19.
    β. recipr. in the phrase, berask banaspjót eptir, to seek for one another’s life, Glúm. 354: b. vápn á, of a mutual attack with sharp weapons, Fms. viii. 53.
    γ. pass., sár berask á e-n, of one in the heat of battle beginning to get wounds and give way, Nj.:—berask við, to be prevented, not to do; ok nú lét Almáttugr Guð við berast kirkjubrunnann, stopped, prevented the burning of the church, Fms. v. 144; en mér þætti gott ef við bærist, svá at hón kæmi eigi til þín, vi. 210, vii. 219; ok var þá búit at hann mundi þegar láta hamarinn skjanna honum, en hann lét þat við berask, he bethought himself and did not, Edda 35; því at mönnum þótti sem þannig mundi helzt úhæfa við berask, that mischief would thus be best prevented, Sturl. ii. 6, iii. 80.
    C. IMPERS.:—with a sort of passive sense, both in a loc. and temp. sense, and gener. denotes an involuntary, passive motion, happening suddenly or by chance:
    I. with acc. it bears or carries one to a place, i. e. one happens to come; the proverb, alla (acc.) berr at sama brunni, all come to the same well (end), Lat. omnes una manet nox; bar hann þá ofan gegnt Özuri, he happened to come in his course just opposite to Ö., Lat. delatus est, Dropl. 25: esp. of ships or sailors; nú berr svá til ( happens) herra, at vér komum eigi fram ferðinni, berr oss (acc.) til Íslands eðr annara landa, it bore us to I., i. e. if we drive or drift thither, Fms. iv. 176; þá (acc. pl.) bar suðr í haf, they drifted southwards, Nj. 124.
    β. as a cricketing term, in the phrase, berr (bar) út knöttinn, the ball rolls out, Gísl. 26, cp. p. 110 where it is transit.; berr Gísli ok út knöttinn, vide Vígl. ch. 11, Grett. ch. 17, Vd. ch. 37, Hallfr. S. ch. 2.
    γ. Skarpheðin (acc.) bar nú at þeim, Sk. came suddenly upon them, Nj. 144; bar at Hróaldi þegar allan skjöldinn, the shield was dashed against H.’s body, 198; ok skyldu sæta honum, ef hann (acc.) bæri þar at, if he should per chance come, shew himself there, Orkn. 406; e-n berr yfir, it bears one, i. e. one is borne onwards, as a bird flying, a man riding; þóttist vita, at hann (acc.) mundi fljótara yfir bera ef hann riði en gengi, that he would get on more fleetly riding than walking, Hrafn. 7; hann (acc.) bar skjótt yfir, he passed quickly, of a flying meteor, Nj. 194; e-n berr undan, escapes.
    2. also with acc. followed by prepp. við, saman, jafnframt, hjá, of bodies coinciding or covering one another: loc., er jafnframt ber jaðrana tungls ok sólar, if the orb of the moon and sun cover each other, Rb. 34; þat kann vera stundum, at tunglit (acc.) berr jafht á millum vár ok sólar (i. e. in a moon eclipse), 108; ber nokkut jaðar (acc.) þess hjá sólar jaðri, 34; Gunnarr sér at rauðan kyrtil (acc.) bar við glugginn, G. sees that a red kirtle passed before the window, Nj. 114; bar fyrir utan þat skip vápnaburð (acc.) heiðingja (gen. pl.), the missiles of the heathens passed over the ship without hurting them, flew too high, Fms. vii. 232; hvergi bar skugga (acc.) á, nowhere a shadow, all bright, Nj. 118; þangat sem helzt mátti nokkut yfir þá skugga bera af skóginum, where they were shadowed (hidden) by the trees, Fms. x. 239; e-t berr fram (hátt), a body is prominent, Lat. eminet; Ólafr konungr stóð í lyptingunni, bar hann (acc.) hátt mjök, king O. stood out conspicuously, ii. 308; b. yfir, þótti mjök bera hljóð (acc.) þar yfir er Ólafr sat, the sound was heard over there where O. sat, Sturl. i. 21; b. á milli, something comes between; leiti (acc.) bar á milli, a hill hid the prospect, Nj. 263: metaph., e-m berr e-t á milli, they come to dissent, 13, v. 1.; b. fyrir augu (hence fyrirburðr, vision), of a vision or the like; mart (acc.) berr nú fyrir augu mér, ek sé …, many things come now before my eyes, 104; hann mundi allt þat er fyrir hann hafði borit, i. e. all the dream, 195; eina nótt berr fyrir hann í svefni mikla sýn, Fms. i. 137, Rd. 290; veiði (acc.) berr í hendr e-m (a metaphor from hunting), sport falls to one’s lot; hér bæri veiði í hendr nú, here would be a game, Nj. 252; e-t berr undan (a metaphor from fishing, hunting term), when one misses one’s opportunity; vel væri þá … at þá veiði (acc.) bæri eigi undan, that this game should not go amiss, 69; en ef þetta (acc.) berr undan, if this breaks down, 63; hon bað hann þá drepa einhvern manna hans, heldr en allt (acc.) bæri undan, rather than that all should go amiss, Eg. 258: absol., þyki mér illa, ef undan berr, if I miss it, Nj. 155; viljum vér ekki at undan beri at…, we will by no means miss it…, Fms. viii. 309, v. 1. The passage Bs. i. 416 (en fjárhlutr sá er átt hafði Ari, bar undan Guðmundi) is hardly correct, fjárhlut þann would run better, cp. bera undir, as a law term, below.
    II. adding prepp.; b. við, at, til, at hendi, at móti, til handa …, to befall, happen, Lat. accidere, occurrere, with dat. of the person, (v. atburðr, viðburðr, tilburðr); engi hlut skyldi þann at b., no such thing should happen as…, Fms. xi. 76; svá bar at einn vetr, it befell, x. 201; þat hefir nú víst at hendi borit, er…, Nj. 174; þó þetta vandræði (acc.) hafi nú borit oss (dat.) at hendi, Eg. 7; b. til handa, id., Sks. 327; bar honum svá til, so it befell him, Fms. xi. 425; at honum bæri engan váðaligan hlut til á veginum, that nothing dangerous should befall him on the way, Stj. 212; bæri þat þá svá við, at hann ryfi, it then perchance might happen, that …, 102; þat bar við at Högni kom, 169, 172, 82; raun (acc.) berr á, it is proved by the fact, event, Fms. ix. 474, x. 185.
    2. temp., e-t berr á, it happens to fall on …; ef þing (acc.) ber á hina helgu viku, if the parliament falls on the holy week (Whitsun), Grág. i. 106; ef Crucis messu (acc.) berr á Drottins dag, Rb. 44; berr hana (viz. Petrs messu, June 29) aldrei svá optarr á öldinni, 78; þat er nú berr oss næst, what has occurred of late, Sturl. iii. 182: b. í móti, to happen exactly at a time; þetta (acc.) bar í móti at þenna sama dag andaðist Brandr biskup, Bs. i. 468; b. saman, id.; bar þat saman, at pá var Gunnarr at segja brennusöguna, just when G. was about telling the story, Nj. 269.
    3. metaph. of agreement or separation; en þat (acc.) þykir mjök saman b. ok þessi frásögn, Fms. x. 276: with dat., bar öllum sögum vel saman, all the records agreed well together, Nj. 100, v. l.; berr nú enn í sundr með þeim, Bjarna ok Þorkatli at sinni, B. and Th. missed each other, Vápn. 25.
    4. denoting cause; e-t (acc.) berr til …, causes a thing; ætluðu þat þá allir, at þat mundi til bera, that that was the reason, Nj. 75; at þat beri til skilnaðar okkars, that this will make us to part (divorce), 261; konungr spurði, hvat til bæri úgleði hans, what was the cause of his grief? Fms. vi. 355; þat berr til tunglhlaups, Rb. 32.
    β. meiri ván at brátt beri þat (acc.) til bóta, at herviliga steypi hans ríki, i. e. there will soon come help (revenge), Fms. x. 264; fjórir eru þeir hlutir er menn (acc.) berr í ætt á landi hér, there are four cases under which people may be adopted, Grág. i. 361.
    γ. e-t berr undir e-n, falls to a person’s lot; hon á arf at taka þegar er undir hana berr, in her turn, 179; mikla erfð (acc.) bar undir hana, Mar. (Fr.); berr yfir, of surpassing, Bs. ii. 121, 158; b. frá, id. (fráburðr); herðimikill svá at þat (acc.) bar frá því sem aðrir menn, Eg. 305; er sagt, at þat bæri frá hve vel þeir mæltu, it was extraordinary how well they did speak, Jb. 11; bar þat mest frá hversu illa hann var limaðr, but above all, how…, Ó. H. 74.
    5. with adverbial nouns in a dat. form; e-t berr bráðum, happens of a sudden; berr þetta (acc.) nú allbráðum, Fms. xi. 139; cp. vera bráðum borinn, to be taken by surprise (above); berr stórum, stærrum, it matters a great deal; ætla ek stærrum b. hin lagabrotin (acc.), they are much more important, matter more, vii. 305; var þat góðr kostr, svá at stórum bar, xi. 50; hefir oss orðit svá mikil vanhyggja, at stóru berr, an enormous blunder, Gísl. 51; svá langa leið, at stóru bar, Fas. i. 116; þat berr stórum, hversu mér þóknast vel þeirra athæfi, it amounts to a great deal, my liking their service, i. e. I do greatly like, Fms. ii. 37; eigi berr þat allsmám hversu vel mér líkar, in no small degree do I like, x. 296.
    β. with dat., it is fitting, becoming; svá mikit sem landeiganda (dat.) berr til at hafa eptir lögum, what he is legally entitled to, Dipl. iii. 10; berr til handa, it falls to one’s lot, v. above, Grág. i. 93.
    III. answering to Lat. oportet, absolutely or with an adverb, vel, illa, with infinit.; e-m berr, it beseems, becomes one; berr þat ekki né stendr þvílíkum höfuðfeðr, at falsa, Stj. 132; berr yðr (dat.) vel, herra, at sjá sannindi á þessu máli, Fms. ix. 326; sagði, at þat bar eigi Kristnum mönnum, at særa Guð, x. 22; þá siðu at mér beri vel, Sks. 353 B: used absol., berr vel, illa, it is beseeming, proper, fit, unbeseeming, unfit, improper; athæfi þat er vel beri fyrir konungs augliti, 282; þat þykir ok eigi illa bera, at maðr hafi svart skinn til hosna, i. e. it suits pretty well, 301: in case of a pers. pron. in acc. or dat. being added, the sentence becomes personal in order to avoid doubling the impers. sentence, e. g. e-m berr skylda (not skyldu) til, one is bound by duty; veit ek eigi hver skylda (nom.) yðr (acc.) ber til þess at láta jarl einn ráða, Fms. i. 52: also leaving the dat. out, skylda berr til at vera forsjámaðr með honum, vii. 280; eigi berr hér til úviska mín, it is not that I am not knowing, Nj. 135.
    IV. when the reflex. inflexion is added to the verb, the noun loses its impers. character and is turned from acc. into nom., e. g. þar (þat?) mun hugrinn minn mest hafa fyrir borizt, this is what I suspected, fancied, Lv. 34; cp. hugarburðr, fancy, and e-t berr fyrir e-n (above, C. I. 2); hefir þetta (nom.) vel í móti borizt, a happy coincidence, Nj. 104; ef svá harðliga kann til at berask, if the misfortunes do happen, Gþl. 55; barsk sú úhamingja (nom.) til á Íslandi, that mischief happened (no doubt the passage is thus to be emended), Bs. i. 78, but bar þá úhamingju …; þat (nom.) barsk at, happened, Fms. x. 253; fundir várir (nom.) hafa at borizt nokkurum sinnum, vii. 256; þat barsk at á einhverju sumri, Eg. 154; bærist at um síðir at allr þingheimrinn berðist, 765, cp. berast við, berask fyrir above (B. V.): berast, absol., means to be shaken, knocked about; var þess ván, at fylkingar mundu berast í hergöngunni, that they would be brought into some confusion, Fms. v. 74; Hrólfr gékk at ramliga, ok barst Atli (was shaken, gave away) fyrir orku sakir, þar til er hann féll. Fas. iii. 253; barst Jökull allr fyrir orku sakir (of two wrestling), Ísl. ii. 467, Fms. iii. 189: vide B. IV.
    D. In mod. usage the strong bera—bar is also used in impersonal phrases, denoting to let a thing be seen, shew, but almost always with a negative preceding, e. g. ekki bar (ber) á því, it could ( can) not be seen; að á engu bæri, láta ekki á bera ( to keep tight), etc. All these phrases are no doubt alterations from the weak verb bera, að, nudare, and never occur in old writers; we have not met with any instance previous to the Reformation; the use is certainly of late date, and affords a rare instance of weak verbs turning into strong; the reverse is more freq. the case.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > BERA

  • 54 road

    [rəʊd] 1.
    1) (between places) strada f.

    the road to Leeds the Leeds road la strada per Leeds; the road north la strada che porta a nord; the road home la strada di casa; are we on the right road for Bath? è questa la strada per Bath? follow the road ahead prosegua dritto lungo la strada; after three hours on the road dopo tre ore di strada; by road su strada; to take (to) the road mettersi in viaggio, in cammino; Ј 5,000 on the road 5.000 sterline chiavi in mano; to be on the road [ car] essere funzionante, in grado di circolare; [ driver] essere in viaggio, essere sulla o per strada; [band, performers] essere in tour o tournée; I've been on the road all night ho viaggiato tutta la notte; to go off the road — [ vehicle] finire fuori strada

    2) (in built-up area) strada f., via f.
    3) fig. strada f., via f.
    2.
    modificatore [network, map, safety, accident] stradale; [maintenance, repair] della sede stradale
    ••
    * * *
    [rəud]
    1) (a strip of ground usually with a hard level surface for people, vehicles etc to travel on: This road takes you past the school; ( also adjective) road safety.) strada; stradale
    2) ((often abbreviated to Rd when written) used in the names of roads or streets: His address is 24 School Road.) via
    3) (a route; the correct road(s) to follow in order to arrive somewhere: We'd better look at the map because I'm not sure of the road.) strada
    4) (a way that leads to something: the road to peace; He's on the road to ruin.) strada, via
    •
    - road map
    - roadside
    - roadway
    - roadworks
    - roadworthy
    - roadworthiness
    - by road
    * * *
    [rəʊd] 1.
    1) (between places) strada f.

    the road to Leeds the Leeds road la strada per Leeds; the road north la strada che porta a nord; the road home la strada di casa; are we on the right road for Bath? è questa la strada per Bath? follow the road ahead prosegua dritto lungo la strada; after three hours on the road dopo tre ore di strada; by road su strada; to take (to) the road mettersi in viaggio, in cammino; Ј 5,000 on the road 5.000 sterline chiavi in mano; to be on the road [ car] essere funzionante, in grado di circolare; [ driver] essere in viaggio, essere sulla o per strada; [band, performers] essere in tour o tournée; I've been on the road all night ho viaggiato tutta la notte; to go off the road — [ vehicle] finire fuori strada

    2) (in built-up area) strada f., via f.
    3) fig. strada f., via f.
    2.
    modificatore [network, map, safety, accident] stradale; [maintenance, repair] della sede stradale
    ••

    English-Italian dictionary > road

  • 55 alley

    alley [ˈælɪ]
    * * *
    ['ælɪ]
    1) ( walkway) allée f; ( for vehicles) ruelle f
    2) US ( in tennis) couloir m

    English-French dictionary > alley

  • 56 line

    1. line [laɪn] n
    1) ( mark) Linie f;
    dividing \line Trennungslinie f;
    straight \line gerade Linie;
    to draw a \line eine Linie ziehen
    2) sports Linie f
    3) math
    straight \line Gerade f
    4) ( wrinkle) Falte f
    5) ( contour) Linie f
    6) mus Tonfolge f
    7) ( equator)
    the L\line die Linie, der Äquator
    8) ( boundary) Grenze f, Grenzlinie f;
    tree [or timber] \line Baumgrenze f;
    the thin \line between love and hate der schmale Grat zwischen Liebe und Hass;
    to cross the \line die Grenze überschreiten ( fig), zu weit gehen
    9) ( cord) Leine f; ( string) Schnur f;
    [clothes] \line Wäscheleine f;
    [fishing] \line Angelschnur f
    10) telec [Telefon]leitung f; ( connection to network) Anschluss m;
    \lines will be open from eight o'clock die Leitungen werden ab acht Uhr frei[geschaltet] sein;
    can you get me a \line to New York? können Sie mir bitte eine Verbindung nach New York geben?;
    the \line is engaged/ busy die Leitung ist besetzt;
    please hold the \line! bitte bleiben Sie am Apparat!;
    get off the \line! geh aus der Leitung!;
    bad \line schlechte Verbindung;
    to be/stay on the \line am Apparat sein/bleiben;
    to come [or go] on \line ans Netz gehen; comput online gehen
    11) ( set of tracks) Gleis nt; ( specific train route) Strecke f;
    the end of the \line die Endstation;
    to be at [or reach] the end of the \line ( fig) am Ende sein ( fam)
    rail \line Eisenbahnlinie f;
    shipping \line Schifffahrtslinie f; ( company) Reederei f
    13) (row of words, also in poem) Zeile f;
    to drop sb a \line jdm ein paar Zeilen schreiben;
    to read between the \lines ( fig) zwischen den Zeilen lesen
    \lines pl Text m;
    to forget/learn one's \lines seinen Text lernen/vergessen
    15) ( information) Hinweis m;
    to get a \line on sb/ sth etwas über jdn/etw herausfinden;
    to give sb a \line about sth jdm einen Hinweis auf etw akk geben;
    to give sb a \line on sb jdm Informationen über jdn besorgen
    16) (false account, talk)
    he keeps giving me that \line about his computer not working properly er kommt mir immer wieder mit dem Spruch, dass sein Computer nicht richtig funktioniere;
    I've heard that \line before die Platte kenne ich schon in- und auswendig! ( fam)
    \lines pl Strafarbeit f;
    she got 100 \lines for swearing at her teacher da sie ihren Lehrer beschimpft hatte, musste sie zur Strafe 100 Mal... schreiben
    18) ( row of things/ people) Reihe f;
    to be first in \line an erster Stelle stehen; ( fig) ganz vorne dabei sein;
    to be next in \line als Nächster/Nächste dran sein;
    to be in a \line in einer Reihe stehen;
    the cans on the shelf were in a \line die Büchsen waren im Regal aufgereiht;
    to be in \line for sth mit etw dat an der Reihe sein;
    to come [or fall] into \line sich akk in einer Reihe aufstellen; single person sich akk einreihen;
    to form a \line sich akk in einer Reihe aufstellen;
    to get into \line sich akk hintereinander aufstellen;
    ( next to each other) sich akk in einer Reihe aufstellen;
    to move into \line sich akk einreihen
    19) ( succession) Linie f;
    I want to have children to prevent the family \line dying out ich möchte Kinder, damit die Familie nicht ausstirbt;
    this institute has had a long \line of prestigious physicists working here dieses Institut kann auf eine lange Tradition angesehener Physiker zurückblicken;
    he is the latest in a long \line of Nobel Prize winners to come from that country er ist der jüngste einer ganzen Reihe von Nobelpreisträgern aus diesem Land
    20) ( esp Am) ( queue) Schlange f;
    to get in \line sich akk anstellen;
    to stand in \line anstehen
    21) ( product type) Sortiment nt; fashion Kollektion f;
    they are thinking about a new \line of vehicles sie denken über eine neue Kraftfahrzeugserie nach;
    (Brit, Aus)
    they do an excellent \line in TVs and videos sie stellen erstklassige Fernseher und Videogeräte her;
    spring/ summer/ fall/winter \line Frühjahrs-/Sommer-/Herbst-/Winterkollektion f;
    to have a good \line in [or (Am) of] sth ( fig) einen großen Vorrat an etw dat haben
    22) ( area of activity) Gebiet nt;
    football's never really been my \line mit Fußball konnte ich noch nie besonders viel anfangen;
    what's your \line? was machen Sie beruflich?;
    \line of business Branche f;
    \line of research Forschungsgebiet nt;
    \line of work Arbeitsgebiet nt;
    to be in sb's \line jdm liegen
    \line of argument Argumentation f;
    to be in the \line of duty zu jds Pflichten pl gehören;
    \line of reasoning Gedankengang m;
    to take a strong \line with sb jdm gegenüber sehr bestimmt auftreten;
    to take a strong \line with sth gegen etw akk energisch vorgehen;
    they did not reveal their \line of inquiry sie teilten nicht mit, in welcher Richtung sie ermittelten;
    what \line shall we take? wie sollen wir vorgehen?
    along the \lines of...;
    she said something along the \lines that he would lose his job if he didn't work harder sie sagte irgendetwas in der Richtung davon, dass er seine Stelle verlieren würde, wenn er nicht härter arbeiten würde;
    my sister works in publishing and I'm hoping to do something along the same \lines meine Schwester arbeitet im Verlagswesen und ich würde gerne etwas Ähnliches tun;
    to try a new \line of approach to sth versuchen, etw anders anzugehen;
    the \line of least resistance der Weg des geringsten Widerstandes;
    \line of vision Blickrichtung f;
    to be on the right \lines auf dem richtigen Weg sein;
    do you think his approach to the problem is on the right \lines? glauben Sie, dass er das Problem richtig angeht?
    25) ( policy) Linie f;
    party \line Parteilinie f;
    to bring sb/sth into \line [with sth] jdn/etw auf gleiche Linie [wie etw akk] bringen;
    to fall into \line with sth mit etw dat konform gehen;
    to keep sb in \line dafür sorgen, dass jd nicht aus der Reihe tanzt;
    to move into \line sich akk anpassen;
    to step out of \line aus der Reihe tanzen
    26) mil ( of defence) Linie f;
    \line of battle Kampflinie f;
    behind enemy \lines hinter den feindlichen Stellungen;
    front \line Front f
    27) ( quantity of cocaine) Linie f ( fam)
    to do a \line of cocaine [or coke], to do \lines koksen ( fam)
    PHRASES:
    all along the \line auf der ganzen Linie;
    right down the \line ( esp Am) voll und ganz;
    to bring sb into \line jdn in seine Schranken weisen;
    to lay it on the \line die Karten offen auf den Tisch legen;
    to put sth on the \line etw aufs Spiel setzen;
    it was stepping out of \line to tell him that es stand dir nicht zu, ihm das zu sagen;
    in/out of \line with sb/ sth mit jdm/etw im/nicht im Einklang;
    to be on the \line auf dem Spiel stehen vt
    1) ( mark)
    to \line sth paper etw linieren;
    her face was \lined with agony ihr Gesicht war von tiefem Schmerz gezeichnet
    to \line the streets die Straßen säumen ( geh)
    the streets were \lined with cheering people jubelnde Menschenmengen säumten die Straßen
    2. line [laɪn] vt
    1) ( cover)
    to \line sth clothing etw füttern; drawers etw von innen auslegen; pipes etw auskleiden
    2) (fam: fill)
    to \line one's pockets [or purse] [with sth] sich dat die Taschen [mit etw dat] füllen;
    to \line shelves Regale füllen;
    to \line one's stomach sich dat den Magen vollschlagen ( fam)

    English-German students dictionary > line

  • 57 stand

    [stænd] n
    1) ( physical position) Stellung f;
    to take up a \stand somewhere sich akk irgendwo hinstellen
    2) ( position on an issue) Einstellung f (on zu +dat);
    what's her \stand on sexual equality? wie steht sie zur Gleichberechtigung?;
    to make a \stand against sth sich akk gegen etw akk auflehnen;
    to take a \stand on sth sich akk für etw akk einsetzen;
    it's her civic duty to take a \stand on civil rights es ist ihre Bürgerpflicht, die Bürgerrechte zu verteidigen;
    to take a \stand with sb jdm gegenübertreten;
    I had to take a firm \stand with my son and forbid him to attend that party ich musste meinem Sohn gegenüber hart bleiben und ihm verbieten, diese Party zu besuchen
    3) (form: standstill) Stillstand m;
    to bring sb/sth to a \stand jdm/etw Einhalt gebieten ( geh)
    4) usu pl ( raised seating for spectators) [Zuschauer]tribüne f
    5) ( support) Ständer m;
    music/revolving \stand Noten-/Drehständer m
    6) ( stall) [Verkaufs]stand m;
    candy/news \stand Süßwaren-/Zeitungsstand m
    7) ( for vehicles) Stand m;
    taxi \stand Taxistand m
    8) (Am) ( series of performances) Gastspiel nt;
    one-night \stand One-Night-Stand m ( fam)
    9) (Am) law
    the \stand der Zeugenstand;
    to take the \stand vor Gericht aussagen
    10) mil ( resistance) Widerstand m;
    to make [or take] a \stand ( fig) klar Stellung beziehen
    \stand of clover Büschel nt Klee;
    \stand of trees Baumgruppe f vi <stood, stood>
    1) ( be upright) stehen;
    \stand against the wall stell dich an die Wand;
    \stand in front of the house stell dich vor das Haus;
    \stand in a straight line! stellen Sie sich in einer Reihe auf!;
    the team will \stand or fall by the success of their new model das Team steht und fällt mit dem Erfolg seines neuen Modells;
    \stand and deliver! (dated) Hände hoch und Geld her!;
    to \stand to [or at] attention mil stillstehen;
    to \stand guard [or watch] [over sb/sth] [bei jdm/etw] Wache halten;
    he felt it necessary to \stand watch over the cash box er hielt es für nötig, die Kasse im Auge zu behalten;
    to \stand on one's hands/ head einen Hand-/Kopfstand machen;
    to \stand clear [or aside] aus dem Weg gehen, beiseitetreten;
    to \stand erect [or tall] aufrecht [o gerade] stehen;
    to \stand motionless regungslos dastehen;
    to \stand still stillstehen
    2) + n ( be a stated height) messen ( geh)
    he \stands over seven feet er misst über sieben Fuß
    3) food ( remain untouched) stehen
    4) ( be located) liegen;
    an old hut stood by the river am Fluss stand eine alte Hütte;
    the train is \standing at platform 8 der Zug steht auf Gleis 8;
    to \stand in sb's way jdm im Weg stehen;
    to \stand in the way of sth etw dat im Weg[e] stehen [o hinderlich sein];
    to \stand open offen stehen
    how [or where] do you \stand on the issue of foreign policy? was ist Ihre Meinung zur Außenpolitik?;
    from where she \stands it seemed reasonable to ask von ihrer Warte aus schien es vernünftig zu fragen
    6) + adj ( be in a specified state) stehen;
    I never know where I \stand with my boss ich weiß nie, wie ich mit meinem Chef dran bin ( fam)
    how do you think your chances \stand of being offered the job? wie, glaubst du, stehen deine Chancen, dass man dir die Stelle anbietet?;
    with the situation as it \stands right now... so wie die Sache im Moment aussieht,...;
    to \stand high/ low in sb's opinion bei jdm sehr [o hoch] /wenig [o schlecht] angesehen sein;
    to \stand alone beispiellos [o einzigartig] sein;
    to \stand aloof from sb/ sth ( form) sich akk von jdm/etw distanzieren;
    to \stand empty [or idle] leer stehen;
    to \stand fast [or firm] standhaft sein;
    \stand firm on your decision steh fest zu deinem Entschluss;
    to \stand pat ( esp Am) hart [o standfest] bleiben;
    to \stand second/ third an zweiter/dritter Stelle stehen;
    to \stand accused of sth wegen einer S. gen unter Anklage stehen;
    to \stand accused of murder des Mordes angeklagt sein;
    to \stand corrected ( form) sich akk geschlagen geben ( fam)
    I \stand corrected ich muss mich korrigieren [o gebe meinen Fehler zu];
    to \stand to gain [or win] / lose sth wahrscheinlich etw gewinnen/verlieren
    to \stand between sb/ sth zwischen jdm/etw stehen;
    the handouts he got from his parents were all that stood between Dan and destitution es waren allein die Zuwendungen, die Dan von seinen Eltern erhielt, was ihn vor völliger Mittellosigkeit bewahrte
    8) ( remain valid) gelten, Bestand haben;
    does that still \stand? ist das noch gültig?, gilt das noch?;
    his work still \stands as one of the greatest advances in medical theory seine Arbeit gilt immer noch als eine der größten Leistungen in der Medizin;
    Newtonian mechanics stood for over two hundred years die Newtonsche Mechanik galt zweihundert Jahre lang unangefochten
    9) (Brit, Aus) ( be a candidate for office)
    to \stand for sth für etw akk kandidieren;
    to \stand for election sich akk zur Wahl stellen
    PHRASES:
    to \stand on one's own two feet auf eigenen Füßen stehen;
    to be able to do sth \standing on one's head ( fam) etw mit links machen können ( fam)
    it \stands to reason [that]... es ist logisch [o leuchtet ein], dass...;
    to not leave one stone \standing on another keinen Stein auf dem anderen lassen vt <stood, stood>
    to \stand sth somewhere etw irgendwohin hinstellen;
    she stood the yardstick upright against the wall sie stellte den Messstab gegen die Wand;
    to \stand sth on its head etw auf den Kopf stellen
    to \stand one's ground wie angewurzelt stehen bleiben;
    ( refuse to yield) standhaft bleiben
    3) ( bear)
    to \stand sth etw ertragen [o ( fam) aushalten];
    to not [be able to] \stand sth etw nicht ertragen können;
    our tent won't \stand another storm unser Zelt wird keinen weiteren Sturm überstehen;
    she can't \stand anyone touching her sie kann es nicht leiden, wenn man sie anfasst;
    to not be able to \stand the sight of sth den Anblick von etw dat nicht ertragen können;
    to \stand the test of time die Zeit überdauern
    4) ( pay for)
    to \stand sb sth jdm etw ausgeben [o spendieren];
    Steven stood us all a drink Steven lud uns alle zu einem Drink ein;
    to \stand bail for sb für jdn Kaution stellen [o Sicherheit leisten];
    5) ( fam);
    to \stand a chance of doing sth gute Aussichten haben, etw zu tun
    6) law
    to \stand trial [for sth] sich akk vor Gericht [für etw akk] verantworten müssen
    PHRASES:
    to \stand sb in good stead jdm von Nutzen [o Vorteil] sein

    English-German students dictionary > stand

  • 58 Transportation

       Portugal's transportation system consists of 820 kilometers (492 miles) of navigable waterways, 3,630 kilometers (2,178 miles) of railroad, and 73,660 kilometers (44,196 miles) of roads, of which 12,660 (7,596 miles) are unpaved. Improving Portugal's roads and railroads were major priorities during the Estado Novo. In 1946, all of Portugal's private railroad companies were amalgamated into one, the Companhia Portuguesa de Caminhos de Ferro, which was granted a monopoly for rail transport. In 1959, the electrified line from Lisbon to Cascais and the Lisbon metro (subway) opened. Steam engines were gradually replaced with electric and diesel locomotives. During the Estado Novo, the length of Portugal's road network increased threefold and were considered good by European standards in 1950. However, accelerated economic development and the increase in the number of vehicles during the 1960s and 1970s outstripped road capacity, and Portuguese roads became the most dangerous in western Europe.
       Bridge building was also an Estado Novo priority, with bridges over the Douro at Oporto and the suspension bridge (the longest in Europe) at Lisbon being the most impressive examples. The Estado Novo also improved port facilities in Lisbon and Oporto, and built a new deep-water port at Sines. The Estado Novo also built airports at Lisbon (Portela), Oporto (Pedras Rubras), Faro in the Algarve, and Funchal on Madeira to encourage tourism. In 1946, a government-owned airline, Transportes Aéreas Portugueses (TAP), was created and began operating flights within Portugal and to the major cities of western Europe, several larger cities in the United States, South America, and the capital cities of Portugal's colonies in Africa.
       After joining the European Union (EU), Portugal began an ambitious program to modernize its transportation networks in 1986. During the 1990s, the nationalized railroad, airline, trucking, and bus companies were restructured and/or privatized. With the help of EU monies, Portugal's road network was upgraded and superhighways ( auto estradas) completed from Lisbon to Oporto and Faro in the Algarve, and from Lisbon and Oporto into Spain. Portugal's railroad network was upgraded to handle high-speed trains (TGVs) between the country's major cities and to Madrid. To facilitate logistics during Expo '98, a new metro station (Oriente) was opened and a new bridge (Vasco da Gama Bridge) built across the Tagus. In the meantime, Lisbon's international airport at Portela, despite steady improvements, could no longer accommodate efficiently the increasing air traffic. An important part of the plan to modernize the Lisbon region's transportation system is the long-debated construction of an additional airport, across the Tagus River, with adjoining roads and underground metro, set to open between 2010 and 2012.

    Historical dictionary of Portugal > Transportation

  • 59 ordinary ambassador

    гос. упр. постоянный посол
    Syn:
    "
    похоже не синонимы! Просто тот, который не ""чрезвычайный посол""
    "
    !
    An ordinary ambassador is charged with the duties of heading a permanent diplomatic mission and maintaining relations between his home and his host country and to conduct relations on an equal basis with other nations. An Extraordinary Ambassador is appointed to head some particular mission for a particular purpose and such postings are for an indefinite period lasting till the completion of the mission. Such appointments are generally politically initiated.
    A resident ambassador resides within the political boundaries of the country to which he/she is posted while a non-resident ambassador does not live within the country of his/her posting but lives in a neighboring country. Therefore, a resident ambassador of US in India may at the same time be a non-resident ambassador of other countries of the sub-continent. Ambassadors are deemed representatives of their heads of state to the heads of state of their place of posting and not representative of one state government to another state government. This is a practice that has persisted ever since the ambassadorial post was created. Only high commissioners (since once they shared their heads of state) are deemed to represent their governments.
    It may sometimes transpire that the post of ambassador is handed out to a person as a matter of routine transfer or promotion within the country in the ministry of foreign affairs as furtherance to their careers.
    "
    An ambassador, rarely embassador, is a diplomatic official accredited to a foreign sovereign or government, or to an international organization, to serve as the official representative of his or her own country. In everyday usage it applies to the ranking plenipotentiary minister stationed in a foreign capital. The host country typically allows the ambassador control of specific territory called an embassy, whose territory, staff, and even vehicles are generally afforded diplomatic immunity from most laws of the host country. The senior diplomatic officers among members of the Commonwealth of Nations are known as High Commissioners, who are the heads of High Commissions. Representatives of the Holy See are known as Papal or Apostolic Nuncios, while the head of a Libyan People's Bureau is a Secretary. Historically, officials representing their countries abroad were termed ministers, but this term was also applied to diplomats of the second rank. The Congress of Vienna of 1815 formalized the system of diplomatic rank under international law: Ambassadors are ministers of the highest rank, with plenipotentiary authority to represent their head of state. An Ordinary Ambassador is one heading a permanent diplomatic mission, for instance the senior professional diplomat in an embassy. An Extraordinary Ambassador could be appointed for special purposes or for an indefinite term; politically appointed ambassadors would fall under this category. Moreover, a Resident Ambassador is one who resides within the country to which s/he is accredited. A Non-Resident Ambassador is one who does not reside within the country to which s/he is accredited, but lives in a nearby country. Thus a resident ambassador to a country might at the same time also be a non-resident ambassador to several other countries.
    "

    Англо-русский экономический словарь > ordinary ambassador

  • 60 resident ambassador

    гос. упр. = ordinary ambassador !
    An ordinary ambassador is charged with the duties of heading a permanent diplomatic mission and maintaining relations between his home and his host country and to conduct relations on an equal basis with other nations. An Extraordinary Ambassador is appointed to head some particular mission for a particular purpose and such postings are for an indefinite period lasting till the completion of the mission. Such appointments are generally politically initiated.
    A resident ambassador resides within the political boundaries of the country to which he/she is posted while a non-resident ambassador does not live within the country of his/her posting but lives in a neighboring country. Therefore, a resident ambassador of US in India may at the same time be a non-resident ambassador of other countries of the sub-continent. Ambassadors are deemed representatives of their heads of state to the heads of state of their place of posting and not representative of one state government to another state government. This is a practice that has persisted ever since the ambassadorial post was created. Only high commissioners (since once they shared their heads of state) are deemed to represent their governments.
    It may sometimes transpire that the post of ambassador is handed out to a person as a matter of routine transfer or promotion within the country in the ministry of foreign affairs as furtherance to their careers.
    "
    An ambassador, rarely embassador, is a diplomatic official accredited to a foreign sovereign or government, or to an international organization, to serve as the official representative of his or her own country. In everyday usage it applies to the ranking plenipotentiary minister stationed in a foreign capital. The host country typically allows the ambassador control of specific territory called an embassy, whose territory, staff, and even vehicles are generally afforded diplomatic immunity from most laws of the host country. The senior diplomatic officers among members of the Commonwealth of Nations are known as High Commissioners, who are the heads of High Commissions. Representatives of the Holy See are known as Papal or Apostolic Nuncios, while the head of a Libyan People's Bureau is a Secretary. Historically, officials representing their countries abroad were termed ministers, but this term was also applied to diplomats of the second rank. The Congress of Vienna of 1815 formalized the system of diplomatic rank under international law: Ambassadors are ministers of the highest rank, with plenipotentiary authority to represent their head of state. An Ordinary Ambassador is one heading a permanent diplomatic mission, for instance the senior professional diplomat in an embassy. An Extraordinary Ambassador could be appointed for special purposes or for an indefinite term; politically appointed ambassadors would fall under this category. Moreover, a Resident Ambassador is one who resides within the country to which s/he is accredited. A Non-Resident Ambassador is one who does not reside within the country to which s/he is accredited, but lives in a nearby country. Thus a resident ambassador to a country might at the same time also be a non-resident ambassador to several other countries.
    "

    Англо-русский экономический словарь > resident ambassador

Страницы

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