vălĭdē

vălĭdus, a, um, adj. [valeo], strong, stout, able, powerful, robust, vigorous (mostly poet. and in post-Aug. prose; not in Cæs.; very rare in Cic.; cf. valens).

Lit.

In gen.:

quasi incudem me homines octo validi caedant,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 7:

quantus et quam validus est,

id. ib. 1, 1, 143:

lictores,

id. As. 3, 2, 29:

videmus ea, quae terra gignit, corticibus et radicibus valida servari,

Cic. Fin. 5, 11, 33:

legiones,

Lucr. 5, 1228:

leo,

id. 5, 985; 5, 1310:

tauri,

Ov. M. 7, 538; 9, 186:

lacerti,

Lucr. 4, 829; Ov. M. 9, 223:

vires,

Verg. A. 2, 50:

robur pectoris,

Ov. Tr. 5, 12, 11:

validissima forma,

Quint. 12, 10, 5:

ventus,

Lucr. 6, 137; 3, 509:

aestus,

id. 1, 300:

fulmen,

id. 6, 228:

flumen,

id. 1, 291:

pontes,

id. 1, 285:

turres,

id. 5, 1440:

tormenta,

id. 6, 329:

bipennis,

Verg. G. 4, 331:

urbs valida muris,

Liv. 1, 15, 4:

validiores munitiones,

id. 36, 17, 4; 24, 37:

praesidia,

id. 44, 35:

robustis apta materia validissima est,

the strongest, most nourishing food, Cels. 2, 18 fin. (cf. valens, A.):

ptisanae usus validissimus saluberrimusque,

Plin. 18, 7, 15, § 74.—With inf.:

pondus sustinere valida abies,

Plin. 16, 42, 81, § 222:

(canis) validus servare gregem,

Claud. in Eutrop. 1, 34.—

In partic.

Well in body, in good health, sound, healthy:

salvus atque validus,

Ter. Hec. 3, 5, 7:

jamne isti abierunt, Qui me vi cogunt, ut validus insaniam?

of sound body, Plaut. Men. 5, 3, 2:

si, ut spero, te validum videro,

Cic. Fam. 16, 4, 3:

validus male filius,

i. e. sickly, Hor. S. 2, 5, 45:

necdum ex morbo satis validus,

Liv. 3, 13, 2:

color validus,

healthy complexion, Plin. 20, 5, 20, § 42.—

Of medicines, strong, powerful, active, efficacious:

medicamen,

Ov. M. 15, 533; 7, 262:

sucus,

id. ib. 7, 316:

venenum,

id. ib. 7, 123; Tac. A. 13, 15 fin.:

validissima faex aceti contra cerastas,

Plin. 23, 2, 32, § 67.—

Trop., strong, mighty, powerful, effective:

Jovi opulento, incluto... valido viripotenti,

Plaut. Pers. 2, 3, 1:

aevi leges,

Lucr. 5, 58:

valida urbs et potens,

Cic. Rep. 2, 2, 4:

fama validissima,

Tac. A. 13, 8:

ducibus validiorem quam exercitu rem Romanam esse,

Liv. 2, 39, 2:

delecti, quibus corpus annis infirmum, ingenium sapientiā validum erat,

Sall. C. 6, 6:

mente minus validus quam corpore toto,

Hor. Ep. 1, 8, 7:

quam sit ingenio validus,

Quint. 10, 1, 62:

opibus, ingenio validus,

Tac. H. 1, 57:

vir gratiā et facundiā validus,

Plin. Ep. 3, 9, 12:

Tiberius spernendis rumoribus validus,

Tac. A. 3, 10; 4, 37:

auctor validissimus mittendi secretos nuntios,

id. ib. 6, 31:

ad Caesaris amicitiam validus,

id. ib. 6, 8:

adversus consentientis nec regem quemquam satis validum nec tyrannum fore,

Liv. 34, 49, 9:

cum validae tum breves vibrantesque sententiae,

Quint. 10, 1, 60:

validissimum genus (dicendi),

id. 12, 10, 63. —With gen.:

orandi validus,

Tac. A. 4, 21:

colonia virium et opum,

id. H. 2, 19:

aevi,

Aur. Vict. Caes. 16 fin. —Hence, advv.

vălĭdē, strongly, stoutly, vehemently, mightily, powerfully, exceedingly, very, etc. (not in Cic. or Cæs.):

ut valide tonuit!

Plaut. Am. 5, 1, 10:

quam valide tonuit,

id. ib. 5, 1, 78:

fluctuat valide mare,

id. Rud. 2, 1, 14:

ne tua vox valide valet!

id. Pers. 3, 3, 22:

vostra latera loris faciam valide varia uti sint,

id. Ps. 1, 2, 12:

amare valide coepi hinc meretricem,

id. Merc. prol. 42; [p. 1956] 48.— Comp.:

validius clamare,

Phaedr. 3, 16, 6:

quo me validius cruciaret,

Quint. 6, praef. §

8: quanto validius bonos inhibet pudor quam metus,

id. 9, 2, 76:

utros peccare validius putem,

id. 10, 3, 12:

abrogant fidem validius,

Plin. 28, 2, 4, § 20:

poëtae sunt molesti validius,

Phaedr. 4, epil. 9.— Sup.: validissime alicui favere, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 2, 1:

cupere,

Plin. Ep. 9, 35, 1; 3, 15, 2.—

As a reply in the affirmative, certainly, by all means, to be sure: Ca. Legirupa. Ba. Valide. Ps. Pernicies adulescentum. Ba. Acerrime, etc., Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 130; cf. v. 110.—

In a contr. form, valdē, an intens. adv., strongly, vehemently, energetically, vigorously, intensely, very, very much, exceedingly (freq. and class.; cf.: graviter, multo, bene, magnopere, etc.).

With verbs: quidquid volt, valde volt, Caes. ap. Cic. Att. 14, 1, 2:

nunc inhibere illud tuum, quod valde mihi arriserat, vehementer displicet,

Cic. Att. 13, 21, 3:

epistula tua, quae me valde levavit,

id. ib. 4, 7, 1:

de Vergilii parte valde probo,

id. ib. 13, 26, 1:

alicui valde interdicere, ut, etc.,

id. Rep. 1, 39, 61:

non valde moveri,

id. ib.:

hos sermones... lacessivi numquam, sed non valde repressi,

id. Fam. 3, 8, 7:

litteras tuas valde exspecto,

id. ib. 16, 19:

ille se profecisse sciat, cui Cicero valde placebit,

Quint. 10, 1, 112.—Strengthened by nimis:

tu vero eum nec nimis valde umquam nec nimis saepe laudaveris,

Cic. Leg. 3, 1, 1.—By tam:

hoc est in vitio, dissolutionem naturae tam valde perhorrescere,

Cic. Fin. 5, 11, 31:

nil mihi tam valde placeat, quod, etc.,

Cat. 68, 77:

quem tam diu tamque valde timuissent,

Nep. Eum. 11, 2:

de remedio non tam valde laboro,

Petr. 17.—By quam:

vosmet videte, quam mihi valde placuerit,

Plaut. Merc. prol. 103:

quam valde universi admurmuraverint,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 16, § 41: significare quam valde probetis ea, quae, etc., Caes. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 7, C, 1.—

With adjectives:

magistratus valde lenes et remissi,

Cic. Rep. 1, 43, 66:

aetas valde longa,

id. ib. 1, 37, 58:

exspectatio valde magna,

id. Fam. 15, 17, 3:

cui me praeripere desponsam laudem, valde est iniquum,

id. Har. Resp. 3, 6:

homo et acutus, ut Poenus, et valde studiosus ac diligens,

id. Ac. 2, 31, 98:

mala valde est Bestia,

Cat. 69, 7:

quoties verbum verbo aut non dissimile valde quaeritur,

Quint. 9, 3, 75.—With tam:

quasi vero quicquam sit tam valde, quam nihil sapere, vulgare,

Cic. Div. 2, 39, 81.—With quam: nam suos valde quam paucos habet, Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 13, 3.—

With adverbs: insanum valde uterque deamat, Plaut. Fragm. ap. Non. 127, 26:

valde vehementer et libere dicere,

Cic. Att. 14, 1, 2:

illud valde graviter tulerunt,

id. ib. 1, 17, 8:

rem valde bene gerere,

id. Fam. 1, 8, 7:

valde multum,

id. Q. Fr. 3, 9, 9.—

Comp. (rare; cf.

valide, supra): novit me valdius ipso,

Hor. Ep. 1, 9, 6:

valdius oblectat populum,

id. A. P. 321.—

Sup.:

quos valdissime diligunt,

Sen. Brev. Vit. 8, 4.—

As a strongly confirmative reply, yes, certainly: Ca. Meam tu amicam vendidisti? Ba. Valde, viginti minis, Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 110.

* * *

fluctŭo, āvi, ātum, or (perh. not anteAug.) fluctŭor, ātus, 1 (pleraque utroque modo efferuntur:

fluctuatur, fluctuat,

Quint. 9, 3, 7), v. n. [fluctus], to move in the manner of waves, i. e. to wave, rise in waves, undulate, to move to and fro, be driven hither and thither (class.; esp. freq. in the trop. signif.; cf.: fluo, fluito).

Lit.

Form fluctuo:

nunc valide fluctuat mare,

Plaut. Rud. 2, 1, 14:

ita fluctuare video vehementer mare,

id. ib. 4, 1, 12;

4, 2, 11: quadriremem in salo fluctuantem reliquerat,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 35, § 91:

quid tam commune quam mare fluctuantibus, litus ejectis?

id. Rosc. Am. 26, 72:

agebatur huc illuc Galba vario turbae fluctuantis impulsu,

Tac. H. 1, 40; cf. Gell. 10, 6, 2:

fluctuet aër,

Lucr. 6, 367: directaeque acies ac late fluctuat omnis Aere renidenti tellus, waves (in the light) with gleaming brass, Verg. G. 2, 281:

fluctuant insulae,

Plin. 2, 95, 96, § 209:

seges,

Sen. Herc. Fur. 699.—In mal. part., Arn. 2, 73; Auct. Priap. 19, 4; cf. fluctus, I. —

Form fluctuor:

deprehensi in mari Syrtico modo in sicco relinquuntur, modo fluctuantur,

are driven about by the waves, Sen. Vit. Beat. 14:

Delos diu fluctuata,

Plin. 4, 12, 22, § 66:

quaedam insulae semper fluctuantur,

id. 2, 94, 95, § 209 Jan.:

lignum in longitudinem fluctuatur,

i. e. floats about, id. 16, 38, 73, § 186:

lapidem e Scyro insula integrum fluctuari tradunt, eundem comminutum mergi,

id. 36, 16, 26, § 130.—

Trop., to be restless, unquiet, uncertain, doubtful; to rage, swell; to waver, hesitate, vacillate, fluctuate.

Form fluctuo: Eu. Potin, ut animo sis tranquillo? Ch. Quid si animus fluctuat? Plaut. Merc. 5, 2, 49; cf.:

animo nunc huc, nunc fluctuat illuc,

Verg. A. 10, 680:

mens animi tantis fluctuat ipsa malis,

Cat. 65, 4:

magnis curarum fluctuat undis,

id. 64, 62; cf.:

magnoque irarum fluctuat aestu,

Verg. A. 4, 532; Anthol. Lat. 1, 178, 150:

fluctuat ira intus,

Verg. A. 12, 527:

irarum fluctuat aestu,

id. ib. 4, 564; so, curarum, 8, 19; Lucr. 4, 1077; Cat. 64, 62:

ingenti Telamon fluctuat ira,

Val. Fl. 3, 637:

fluctuante rege inter spem metumque,

Liv. 42, 59, 8:

totam aciem suo pavore fluctuantem, etc.,

Curt. 3, 10, 6:

in suo decreto,

Cic. Ac. 2, 9, 29:

fluctuantem sententiam confirmare,

id. Att. 1, 20, 2:

genus orationis, quod appellamus fluctuans et dissolutum, eo quod sine nervis et articulis fluctuat huc et illuc,

Auct. Her. 4, 11, 16:

omnia et citata et fluctuantia,

Sen. Contr. 3, 19.—

Form fluctuor:

utrius populi mallet victoriam esse, fluctuatus animo fuerat,

Liv. 23, 33, 3:

fluctuatus animo est, utrum, etc.,

id. 32, 13, 4; 36, 10, 4; Curt. 4, 12, 21; Val. Max. 8, 1, 2: vita fluctuatur per adversa et difficilia, Sen. Ep. [p. 762] 111: semper inter spem et metum fluctuari, Aug. ap. Suet. Claud. 4:

ambrosia (herba) vagi nominis est et circa alias herbas fluctuati,

Plin. 27, 4, 11, § 28.

fluctŭo, āvi, ātum, or (perh. not anteAug.) fluctŭor, ātus, 1 (pleraque utroque modo efferuntur:

fluctuatur, fluctuat,

Quint. 9, 3, 7), v. n. [fluctus], to move in the manner of waves, i. e. to wave, rise in waves, undulate, to move to and fro, be driven hither and thither (class.; esp. freq. in the trop. signif.; cf.: fluo, fluito).

Lit.

Form fluctuo:

nunc valide fluctuat mare,

Plaut. Rud. 2, 1, 14:

ita fluctuare video vehementer mare,

id. ib. 4, 1, 12;

4, 2, 11: quadriremem in salo fluctuantem reliquerat,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 35, § 91:

quid tam commune quam mare fluctuantibus, litus ejectis?

id. Rosc. Am. 26, 72:

agebatur huc illuc Galba vario turbae fluctuantis impulsu,

Tac. H. 1, 40; cf. Gell. 10, 6, 2:

fluctuet aër,

Lucr. 6, 367: directaeque acies ac late fluctuat omnis Aere renidenti tellus, waves (in the light) with gleaming brass, Verg. G. 2, 281:

fluctuant insulae,

Plin. 2, 95, 96, § 209:

seges,

Sen. Herc. Fur. 699.—In mal. part., Arn. 2, 73; Auct. Priap. 19, 4; cf. fluctus, I. —

Form fluctuor:

deprehensi in mari Syrtico modo in sicco relinquuntur, modo fluctuantur,

are driven about by the waves, Sen. Vit. Beat. 14:

Delos diu fluctuata,

Plin. 4, 12, 22, § 66:

quaedam insulae semper fluctuantur,

id. 2, 94, 95, § 209 Jan.:

lignum in longitudinem fluctuatur,

i. e. floats about, id. 16, 38, 73, § 186:

lapidem e Scyro insula integrum fluctuari tradunt, eundem comminutum mergi,

id. 36, 16, 26, § 130.—

Trop., to be restless, unquiet, uncertain, doubtful; to rage, swell; to waver, hesitate, vacillate, fluctuate.

Form fluctuo: Eu. Potin, ut animo sis tranquillo? Ch. Quid si animus fluctuat? Plaut. Merc. 5, 2, 49; cf.:

animo nunc huc, nunc fluctuat illuc,

Verg. A. 10, 680:

mens animi tantis fluctuat ipsa malis,

Cat. 65, 4:

magnis curarum fluctuat undis,

id. 64, 62; cf.:

magnoque irarum fluctuat aestu,

Verg. A. 4, 532; Anthol. Lat. 1, 178, 150:

fluctuat ira intus,

Verg. A. 12, 527:

irarum fluctuat aestu,

id. ib. 4, 564; so, curarum, 8, 19; Lucr. 4, 1077; Cat. 64, 62:

ingenti Telamon fluctuat ira,

Val. Fl. 3, 637:

fluctuante rege inter spem metumque,

Liv. 42, 59, 8:

totam aciem suo pavore fluctuantem, etc.,

Curt. 3, 10, 6:

in suo decreto,

Cic. Ac. 2, 9, 29:

fluctuantem sententiam confirmare,

id. Att. 1, 20, 2:

genus orationis, quod appellamus fluctuans et dissolutum, eo quod sine nervis et articulis fluctuat huc et illuc,

Auct. Her. 4, 11, 16:

omnia et citata et fluctuantia,

Sen. Contr. 3, 19.—

Form fluctuor:

utrius populi mallet victoriam esse, fluctuatus animo fuerat,

Liv. 23, 33, 3:

fluctuatus animo est, utrum, etc.,

id. 32, 13, 4; 36, 10, 4; Curt. 4, 12, 21; Val. Max. 8, 1, 2: vita fluctuatur per adversa et difficilia, Sen. Ep. [p. 762] 111: semper inter spem et metum fluctuari, Aug. ap. Suet. Claud. 4:

ambrosia (herba) vagi nominis est et circa alias herbas fluctuati,

Plin. 27, 4, 11, § 28.

sānus, a, um (sanun', for sanusne, Plaut. Bacch. 3, 6, 37; id. Men. 5, 2, 66; id. Mere. 2, 2, 21; 2, 4, 21; id. Rud. 3, 2, 19; id. Truc. 2, 4, 13; cf.

sanan',

id. Am. 3, 2, 48; id. Cure. 5, 2, 54; id. Cist. 4, 1, 14; id. Ep. 5, 1, 42; id. Men. 2, 3, 43;

and sanin',

id. Ps. 4, 7, 83), adj. [kindr. with SA, sôs], sound, whole, healthy, physically or mentally (cf.: integer, incolumis, sospes, salvus).

Lit., sound in body, whole, healthy, well:

pars corporis,

Cic. Sest. 65, 135:

sensus si sani sunt et valentes,

id. Ac. 2, 7, 19:

sanis modo et integris sensibus,

id. ib. 2, 25, 90:

corpora sana,

Quint. 8, prooem. §

19: ut alimenta sanis corporibus agri cultura, sic sanitatem aegris medicina promittit, Cels. praef. 1: homo,

id. ib. 1, 1:

sanum recteque valentem,

Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 21:

domi meae eccam salvam et sanam,

Plaut. Ep. 4, 1, 36:

sana et salva amica,

id. Merc. 5, 2, 48 (cf. infra, B. and II. A.):

sanus ac robustus,

Quint. 2, 10, 6:

si noles sanus, curres hydropicus,

Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 34:

sanus utrisque Auribus atque oculis,

id. S. 2, 3, 284:

ulcera sana facere,

Cato, R. R. 157, 3; cf.:

aliquem sanum facere... sanus fieri,

id. ib. 157, 8:

si eo medicamento sanus factus sit,

Cic. Off. 3, 24, 92.— Poet.:

volnera ad sanum nunc coiere mea (for ad sanitatem),

are healed, Prop. 3 (4), 24, 18.— Comp.:

aegrotare malim quam esse tuā salute sanior,

Plaut. Truc. 2, 2, 5.— Sup.:

interim licet negotia agere, ambulare, etc.... perinde atque sanissimo,

Cels. 7, 4, 4.—

Transf., sound, safe, whole, etc. (very rare): Ac. Salvast, navis, ne time. Ch. Quid alia armamenta? Ac. Salva et sana sunt, Plaut. Merc. 1, 2, 62:

sana et salva res publica,

Cic. Fam. 12, 23, 3:

civitas,

Liv. 3, 17:

nare sagaci Aëra non sanum sentire,

i. e. tainted, Luc. 7, 830.—

Trop.

Sound in mind, in one's right mind, rational, sane, sober, discreet, etc.:

eos sanos intellegi necesse est, quorum mens motu quasi morbi perturbata nullo sit: qui contra affecti sunt, hos insanos appellari necesse est,

Cic. Tusc. 3,5,11: Am. Delirat uxor. Al. Equidem ecastor sana et salva sum, Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 98: Am. Haec sola sanam mentem gestat meorum familiarium. Br. Immo omnes sani sunt profecto. Am. At me uxor insanum facit Suis foedis factis, id. ib. 5, 1, 31 sqq.; cf. Cic. Off. 3, 25, 95:

quam ego postquam inspexi non ita amo, ut sani solent Homines, sed eodem pacto ut insani solent,

Plaut. Merc. 2, 1, 38:

sanus non est ex amore illius (shortly after: insanior ex amore),

id. ib. 2, 3, 106:

si sis sanus aut sapias satis... nisi sis stultior stultissimo,

id. Am. 3, 2, 23; cf.

(opp. insipiens),

id. Bacch. 4, 3, 14:

hic homo sanus non est,

is out of his senses, is insane, id. Am. 1, 1, 246; id. Merc. 5, 2, 110; id. Men. 1, 3, 15; 2, 2, 39 et saep.; cf.: En. Sanun' es? Ch. Pol sanus si sim, non te medicum mihi expetam, id. Merc. 2, 4, 21; so, sanun' es? sanan' es? sanin' estis? v. the passages cited init.:

satin' sanus es?

are you in your senses? Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 29 (opp. sobrius); 5, 2, 33; id. And. 4, 4, 10; id. Ad. 5, 8, 14; id. Phorm. 5, 3, 19.—With gen.: satin' tu sanus mentis aut animi tui, Qui conditionem hanc repudies? Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 53:

vix sanae mentis estis,

Liv. 32, 21:

mentis bene sanae,

Hor. S. 1, 9, 44:

mentis sanae vix compos,

Ov. M. 8, 35; so, sanae mentis, Tib. ap. Suet. Tib. 67:

ego illum male sanum semper putavi,

a man of not very sound mind, Cic. Att. 9, 15, 5:

male sana (Dido),

i. e. raving, Verg. A. 4, 8:

male sani poëtae,

i. e. inspired, Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 4; cf. Ov. M. 3, 474:

excludit sanos Helicone poëtas,

calculating, sober, Hor. A. P. 296:

bene sanus Ac non incautus,

very prudent, discreet, id. S. 1, 3, 61:

praecipue sanus,

id. Ep. 1, 1, 108:

rem publicam capessere hominem bene sanum non oportere,

Cic. Sest. 10, 23:

sani ut cretā an carbone notati?

id. ib. 2, 3, 246:

pro sano loqueris, cum me appellas nomine,

like a rational being, rationally, Plaut. Men. 2, 2, 24; so,

pro sano,

id. ib. 5, 5, 42; cf.: nihil hunc se absente pro sano facturum arbitratus, qui, etc., * Caes. B. G. 5, 7:

adeo incredibilis visa res, ut non pro vano modo, sed vix pro sano nuncius audiretur,

Liv. 39, 49: quem in locum nemo sanus hostis subiturus esset, Auct. B. Alex. 74 fin.:

solve senescentem sanus equum,

Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 8 et saep.:

tumultu etiam sanos consternante animos,

discreet, well-disposed, Liv. 8, 27:

sensus,

Verg. E. 8, 66:

mores,

Dig. 27, 10, 1.—With ab: ego sanus ab illis (vitiis), sound as respects them, i. e. free from, unaffected by them, etc., Hor. S. 1, 4, 129.— Comp.:

qui sanior, ac si, etc.,

Hor. S. 2, 3, 241; 2, 3, 275.— Sup.:

quisquam sanissimus tam certa putat, quae videt, quam? etc.,

Cic. Ac. 2, 28, 89 init.:

confluentibus ad eum (Sullam) optimo quoque et sanissimo,

Vell. 2, 25, 2.—

Of style, sound, correct, sensible, sober, chaste:

qui rectum dicendi genus sequi volunt, alii pressa demum et tenuia et quae minimum ab usu cottidiano recedant, sana et vere Attica putant, etc.,

Quint. 10, 1, 44:

nihil erat in ejus oratione, nisi sincerum, nihil nisi siccum atque sanum,

Cic. Brut. 55, 202; cf.:

Attici oratores sani et sicci,

id. Opt. Gen. 3, 8; and:

Rhodii (oratores) saniores et Atticorum similiores,

id. Brut. 13, 51:

orator rectus et sanus,

Plin. Ep. 9, 26, 1; Vulg. 2 Tim. 4, 3; id. Tit. 2, 8; cf.:

sana ratio,

Val. Max. 9, 13, 3; Aug. Civ. Dei, 1, 22, 2.—Hence, advv., in two forms, saniter (ante-class.) and sane (class.).

sānĭter, rationally, Afran. ap. Non. 515, 22.—

sānē.

(Acc. to I.) Soundly, healthily, well: sane sarteque, Porphyrio ap. Charis. p. 195 fin.; 196 init. P.—

(Acc. to II.) Soberly, sensibly, reasonably, discreetly (very rare;

not in Cic.): bonum est, pauxillum amare sane, insane non bonum est,

Plaut. Curc. 1, 3, 20:

sane sapio et sentio,

I am in full possession of my reason and senses, id. Am. 1, 1, 292:

non ego sanius Bacchabor Edonis (with furere),

Hor. C. 2, 7, 26:

dixit sanius,

Sen. Contr. 5, 34 fin. —

In gen., like valde (i. e. valide), an intensive particle, well, indeed, doubtless, by all means, truly, certainly, of course, forsooth, right, very, etc. (freq. and class.):

sane sapis et consilium placet,

Plaut. Ps. 2, 2, 67 sq.; so,

sapis sane,

id. Cas. 3, 6, 25:

sapit,

id. Men. 5, 2, 39:

sane haud quicquam'st, magis quod cupiam,

id. Curc. 1, 3, 15; 2, 3, 43:

sane ego illum metuo,

id. Men. 5, 2, 108:

cum illā sane congruost sermo tibi,

id. Mil. 4, 3, 23:

sane ego sum amicus nostris aedibus,

id. As. 2, 3, 7:

dabant hae feriae tibi opportunam sane facultatem ad explicandas tuas litteras,

Cic. Rep. 1, 9, 14:

odiosum sane genus hominum officia exprobrantium,

id. Lael. 20, 71; id. Quint. 3, 11:

humilem sane relinquunt ortum amicitiae,

id. Lael. 9, 29; cf.:

tenui sane muro dissepiunt,

id. Rep. 4, 4, 4:

judicare difficile est sane,

id. Lael. 17, 62:

explicat orationem sane longam et verbis valde bonis,

id. Agr. 2, 5, 13:

(narratio) res sane difficilis,

id. de Or. 2, 66, 264:

sane grandes libros,

id. Rep. 3, 8, 12:

cui sane magna est in mento cicatrix,

Auct. Her. 4, 49, 63:

Herennium quendam, sane hominem nequam atque egentem, coepisse, etc.,

Cic. Att. 1, 19, 5:

Paulus mihi de re publicā alia quaedam sane pessima,

id. Att. 14, 7, 1:

sane murteta relinqui,

Hor. Ep. 1, 15, 5:

id sane est invisum duobus,

id. ib. 2, 2, 64:

bonus sane vicinus,

id. ib. 2, 2, 132:

sane populus numerabilis,

id. A. P. 206.— In replies: Mi. Te moneri numne vis? Ha. Sane volo, by all means, surely, to be sure, certainly, Plaut. Poen. 5, 2, 119; so,

sane volo,

id. Cas. 2, 3, 55; id. Rud. 5, 3, 51; Ter. Heaut. 4, 8, 31: Ch. Estne, ut fertur, forma? Pa. Sane, id. Eun. 2, 3, 69; 4, 7, 15:

sane hoc multo propius ibis,

id. Ad. 4, 2, 41. Th. Quid taces? Ph. Sane quia vero hae mihi patent semper fores, id. Eun. 1, 2, 9; id. And. 1, 2, 24: C. F. Visne igitur, etc. C. P. Sane placet, Cic. Part. Or. 1, 2:

sane et libenter quidem,

id. Rep. 2, 38, 64.—Ironically:

quam sane magni referat,

Plaut. Mil. 3, 3, 9; cf.: sane legem Juliam timeo, Ner. ap. Suet. Ner. 33 med.:

beneficium magnum sane dedit!

Phaedr. 3, 15, 12.—

With other adverbs: esse aedificatas has sane bene,

right well, very well, Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 74:

res rustica sane bene culta,

Cic. Quint. 3, 12; Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 103:

bene sane, as an answer,

very well, id. And. 5, 2, 7; id. Ad. 4, 2, 47:

recte sane,

id. Eun. 5, 5, 11; id. Heaut. 3, 2, 27; 3, 3, 20; id. Ad. 3, 3, 63; id. Phorm. 5, 8, 10:

sane commode,

Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 72:

sapienter sane,

id. Pers. 3, 3, 42 et saep.:

scite hercle sane,

id. Trin. 3, 3, 53:

sane hercle,

Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 59; id. Hec. 3, 5, 9; id. Phorm. 3, 3, 9:

sane quidem,

id. And. 1, 2, 24:

sane quidem hercle,

Cic. Leg. 2, 4, 8:

sane pol,

Ter. And. 1, 4, 2.—Sane quam, how very, i. e. very much indeed, uncommonly, exceedingly (cf.:

admodum quam and valde quam): conclusa est a te tam magna lex sane quam brevi,

Cic. Leg. 2, 10, 23:

quod de Pompeio Caninius agit, sane quam refrixit,

id. Q. Fr. 2, 4 (6), 5; Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 1, 2; 8, 4, 2; Brut. ib. 11, 13, 4 (shortly before: suos valde quam paucos habet); Sulp. ib. 4, 5, 1.—With negatives:

haud sane diu est,

not very long since, Plaut. Merc. 3, 1, 44:

edepol commissatorem haud sane commodum,

Ter. Ad. 5, 2, 8:

haud sane intellego, quidnam sit, etc.,

Cic. Off. 2, 2, 5; Sall. C. 37, 9; 53, 5; id. Rep. Ord. 2, 11; Cic. Sen. 1, 3; Curt. 3, 1, 14:

agellus non sane major jugero uno,

Varr. R. R. 3, 16, 10:

cum his temporibus non sane in senatum ventitarem,

Cic. Fam. 13, 77, 1:

non sane mirabile hoc quidem,

id. Div. 2, 31, 67:

non ita sane vetus,

id. Brut. 10, 41:

non sane credere,

Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 61:

nihil sane esset, quod, etc.,

absolutely nothing, nothing at all, Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 2, § 7; so,

nihil sane,

id. de Or. 2, 1, 5; Sall. C. 16, 5; Hor. S. 2, 3, 138; id. Ep. 2, 1, 206 al.—

In restrictive concessions, to be sure, indeed, certainly, however: sane bonum, ut dixi, rei publicae genus, Cic.Rep. 2, 26, 48; cf.:

hoc sane frequentissimum est... sed, etc.,

Quint. 4, 2, 130:

negant quemquam esse virum bonum nisi sapientem. Sit ita sane, sed, etc.,

Cic. Lael. 5, 18; cf. id. Rep. 1, 19, 32:

haec si vobis non probamus, sint falsa sane,

id. Ac. 2, 32, 105:

sint sane, quoniam ita mores se habent, liberales,

Sall. C. 52, 12; id. J. 31, 8:

sit hoc sane leve,

Cic. Sest. 54, 115:

sed fruatur sane hoc solacio,

id. Prov. Cons. 7, 16; Ov. H. 17, 13; Curt. 5, 1, 6:

repetita narratio sane res declamatoria magis quam forensis,

Quint. 4, 2, 128:

poëtis permittamus sane ejusmodi exempla,

id. 8, 3, 73:

non sane recepto in usum nomine,

not indeed, id. 5, 11, 20; cf. id. 7, 1, 41.—

With imperatives in colloq. lang. likewise concessive, like the English then, pray then, if you will:

ubi ego Sosia nolim esse, tu esto sane Sosia,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 283: Al. Num quid vis, quin abeam jam intro? Ju. I sane, id. ib. 3, 3, 16:

abi tu sane superior,

id. Stich. 5, 4, 14:

i sane,

id. As. 3, 3, 86; id. Aul. 2, 5, 7; id. Ep. 1, 1, 73; id. Pers. 4, 4, 25; 4, 4, 55; id. Rud. 2, 3, 55; Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 48:

ite sane,

Plaut. Aul. 3, 3, 3:

abi sane,

id. Am. 1, 1, 197; id. Rud. 3, 6, 17; id. Stich. 1, 3, 107; Ter. Heaut. 3, 3, 27:

sequere sane,

Plaut. Merc. 3, 1, 2:

age sane,

id. Men. 1, 2, 44; id. Ps. 5, 2, 27:

da sane,

id. Merc. 4, 1, 11:

dato sane,

id. Stich. 4, 1, 47:

cedo sane,

id. Pers. 4, 3, 30; 5, 1, 20; Ter. Heaut. 4, 7, 4:

nosce sane,

Plaut. As. 2, 4, 58:

age sane, omnes,

Liv. 1, 57, 8.

sŭb-ĕo, ĭi, ĭtum, īre ( perf. subīvit, Ov. F. 1, 314; Stat. S. 2, 1, 155: subivimus, Claud. ap. Tac. A. 11, 24 dub.), v. n. and a., to come or go under any thing; to come or go up to, to approach, draw near, advance or proceed to a place; to come or go on; to follow, succeed; to go down, sink; to come up, spring up (cf. succedo).

Lit.

In gen.:

subire sub falas,

Plaut. Most. 2, 1, 10:

in nemoris latebras,

Ov. M. 4, 601; cf.: in aliquem locum, to enter, Auct. B. Alex. 74, 4:

in adversum Romani subiere,

Liv. 1, 12, 1:

in adversos montes,

id. 41, 18, 11:

testudine factā subeunt,

advance, Caes. B. G. 7, 85, 7:

Albani subiere ad montes,

Liv. 1, 28, 5:

subire ad portam castrorum,

id. 34, 16, 2; cf.:

ad urbem subeunt,

id. 31, 45, 4; 39, 27, 10; 36, 19, 1; and:

subeundum erat ad hostes,

id. 2, 31, 4:

ad tecta subibant,

Verg. A. 8, 359.—With dat.:

muro subibant,

Verg. A. 7, 161; so,

muro,

id. ib. 9, 371:

portu Chaonio (with accedere urbem),

id. ib. 3, 292:

luco,

id. ib. 8, 125:

dumis,

Sil. 5, 283:

ingenti feretro,

Verg. A. 6, 222:

age cervici inponere nostrae: Ipse subibo umeris,

id. ib. 2, 708:

per vices subeunt elephanti,

Plin. 8, 7, 7, § 23:

pone subit conjux,

follows, Verg. A. 2, 725; so Val. Fl. 4, 197; cf.:

dexterae alae sinistra subiit,

Liv. 27, 2, 7:

subeuntis alii aliis in custodiam,

id. 25, 37, 6; and:

subiit argentea proles,

Ov. M. 1, 114:

subit ipse meumque Explet opus,

succeeds me, takes my place, id. ib. 3, 648:

Volscus saxa objacentia pedibus ingerit in subeuntes,

climbing, Liv. 2, 65, 4:

vel eodem amne vel Euphrate subire eos posse,

i. e. sail up stream, Curt. 9, 10, 3; cf.:

adverso amne Babylona subituros,

id. 10, 1, 16.—

Of things:

stamen a stando: subtemen, quod subit stamini,

Varr. L. L. 5, § 113 Müll.:

cum luna sub orbem solis subisset,

Liv. 37, 4, 4:

tertio die mixtum flumini subibat mare,

Curt. 9, 9, 7:

venae nonnumquam incipiente febre subeunt,

the pulse sinks, Cels. 3, 6 med.:

subeunt herbae,

come up, spring up, Verg. G. 1, 180; so,

barba,

i. e. sprouts, grows, Mart. 7, 83, 2:

subisse aquam in caelum,

Plin. 31, 3, 21, § 32.—

In partic., to come on secretly, to advance or approach stealthily, to steal upon, steal into ( poet.), Prop. 1, 9, 26; Ov. Am. 1, 2, 6; id. A. A. 1, 742.—

Trop.

In gen., to come in, succeed, take place; to enter stealthily, come secretly or by degrees: in quarum locum subierunt inquilinae impietas, perfidia, impudentia, Varr. ap. Non. 403, 27:

fugere pudor verumque fidesque: In quorum subiere locum fraudesque dolique,

Ov. M. 1, 130:

pulchra subit facies,

id. ib. 14, 827:

subit ecce priori Causa recens,

id. ib. 3, 259:

an subit (amor) et tacitā callidus arte nocet?

id. Am. 1, 2, 6: subeunt morbi [p. 1775] tristisque senectus, Verg. G. 3, 67:

namque graves morbi subeunt segnisque senectus,

Nemes. Cyn. 117; cf.:

duo pariter subierunt incommoda,

arise, come up, Quint. 5, 10, 100:

ne subeant animo taedia justa tuo,

Ov. P. 4, 15, 30:

regio, quā vero ipsa subit ad Medos,

approaches, Plin. 6, 26, 29, § 115. —

In partic., to come into the mind, to occur, suggest itself:

omnes sententiae verbaque omnia sub acumen stili subeant et succedant necesse est,

Cic. de Or. 1, 34, 151:

cum in loca aliqua post tempus reversi sumus, quae in his fecerimus, reminiscimur personaeque subeunt,

Quint. 11, 2, 17:

cum subeant audita aut cognita nobis,

Ov. M. 15, 307:

subit umbra,

id. ib. 12, 591:

subeunt illi fratresque parensque,

id. ib. 11. 542:

subiit cari genitoris imago... subiit deserta Creusa Et direpta domus et parvi casus Iuli,

Verg. A. 2, 560 sq.; Tac. A. 1, 13:

subeant animo Latmia saxa tuo,

Ov. H. 18, 62:

ne subeant animo taedia,

id. P. 4, 15, 30:

quantum subire animo sustinueris, tantum tecum auferas,

to grasp with the mind, Val. Max. 3, 3, ext. 7.—

Subit, with subj. - or rel.-clause ( poet. and in postAug. prose), Ov. M. 2, 755:

quo magis ac magis admirari subit,

Plin. 12, prooem. § 2;

35, 7, 31, § 49: misereri sortis humanae subit,

id. 25, 3, 7, § 23:

quid sim, quid fuerimque subit,

Ov. Tr. 3, 8, 38.

Lit.

In gen., to come or go under, to enter; to submit to; to approach, etc.:

exercitatissimi in armis, qui inter annos XIV. tectum non subissent,

had not come under a roof, Caes. B. G. 1, 36:

tecta,

Quint. 2, 16, 6; Ov. M. 6, 669:

jam subeunt Triviae lucos atque aurea tecta,

Verg. A. 6, 13:

limina victor Alcides subiit,

id. ib. 8, 363:

domos,

Ov. M. 1, 121:

penates,

id. ib. 5, 650:

macra cavum repetes artum, quem macra subisti,

Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 33:

cum novies subiere paludem,

had plunged under, Ov. M. 15, 358; id. F. 1, 314:

et juncti currum dominae subiere leones,

Verg. A. 3, 313:

leones jugum subeant,

Plin. 10, 45, 62, § 128:

asellus gravius dorso subiit onus,

i. e. submits to, receives, Hor. S. 1, 9, 21:

subire iniquissimum locum,

Caes. B. G. 2, 27: iniquum locum, Auct. B. Alex. 76, 2; id. B. Hisp. 24, 3:

collem,

to go up, mount, climb, scale, Hirt. B. G. 8, 15:

consules utrimque aciem subeuntium jam muros adgrediuntur,

Liv. 7, 12, 3:

muros,

id. 27, 18:

impositum saxis Anxur,

Hor. S. 1, 5, 25:

si subeuntur prospera castra,

Juv. 16, 2 et saep.:

perfurit, Fadumque Herbesumque subit,

comes up to, attacks, assails, Verg. A. 9, 344; cf.:

interim fallendus est judex et variis artibus subeundus,

Quint. 4, 5, 5:

precibus commota Tonantem Juno subit,

approaches, Stat. Th. 9, 510:

subit ille minantem,

id. ib. 8, 84:

Aeneae mucronem,

Verg. A. 10, 798:

qui procul hostium conspectu subibant aquam,

Curt. 4, 13, 10:

Hispo subit juvenes, i. e. paedicat,

Juv. 2, 50.—

Of things:

umbra subit terras,

Ov. M. 11, 61:

quos (lucos) aquae subeunt et aurae,

enter, Hor. C. 3, 4, 8:

montes Trasimenus,

Liv. 22, 4, 2:

litora pelagus, Mel. praef. 2: mare quod Ciliciam subit,

Curt. 7, 3, 19:

radices (petrae) Indus amnis subit,

id. 8, 11, 7:

clarus subit Alba Latinum,

succeeds, Ov. M. 14, 612 (al. clarus subit ecce Latinum Epytus); cf. id. ib. 1, 114:

furcas subiere columnae,

come into the place of, succeed, id. ib. 8, 700:

aqua subit altitudinem exortus sui,

rises to, reaches, Plin. 31, 6, 31, § 57:

lunamque deficere cum aut terram subiret aut sole premeretur,

Curt. 4, 10, 5.—

In partic., to approach secretly, to steal upon or into (cf. supra, I. A. 2.):

multi Nomine divorum thalamos subiere pudicos,

Ov. M. 3, 282:

subit furtim lumina fessa sopor,

id. H. 19, 56.—

Trop.

In gen. (very rare):

sera deinde poenitentia subiit regem,

came upon, overtook, Curt. 3, 2, 19.—

In partic.

To come into, enter, occur to one's mind (cf. supra, I. B. 2.):

deinde cogitatio animum subiit, indignum esse, etc.,

Liv. 36, 20:

ut beneficiorum memoria subiret animos patrum,

id. 37, 49, 3:

spes animum subibat deflagrare iras vestras posse,

id. 40, 8, 9:

otiosum animum aliae cogitationes,

Quint. 11, 2, 33:

majora intellectu animos non subibunt,

id. 1, 2, 28:

mentem subit, quo praemia facto, etc.,

Ov. M. 12, 472; 7, 170:

subit ergo regem verecundia,

Curt. 5, 2, 15:

me recordantem miseratio,

Plin. Ep. 3, 7, 10: feminas voluptas, id. Pan. 22, 3:

horum cogitatio subibat exercitum,

Curt. 7, 1, 4.—

To follow in speech, interrupt, answer (post - class. and rare):

dicturum plura parentem Voce subis,

Claud. IV. Cons. Hon. 352:

subit ille loquentem talibus,

id. Cons. Mall. Theod. 173; id. Rapt. Pros. 3, 133.—

(The figure taken from stooping under a load, under blows, etc.) To subject one's self to, take upon one's self an evil; to undergo, submit to, sustain, endure, suffer it (class.;

a favorite expression of Cic.): omnes terrores periculaque omnia succurram atque subibo,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 11, 31:

omnia tela intenta in patriam subire atque excipere,

id. Prov. Cons. 9, 23; cf.:

quis est non ultro appetendus, subeundus, excipiendus dolor?

id. Tusc. 2, 5, 14:

subire vim atque injuriam,

id. Prov. Cons. 17, 41:

inimicitiae sunt: subeantur,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 71, § 182:

maximas rei publicae tempestates,

id. Mur. 2, 4:

invidiam, pericula, tempestates,

id. Fam. 15, 4, 12:

nefarias libidinum contumelias turpitudinesque,

id. Pis. 35, 86:

potentiam, victoriam,

id. Fam. 6, 1, 6:

contumeliarum verbera,

id. Rep. 1, 5, 9:

majora Verbera,

Hor. S. 1, 3, 120:

non praecipuam, sed parem cum ceteris fortunae condicionem,

Cic. Rep. 1, 4, 7:

fortunam,

id. Fam. 14, 5, 1:

judicium multitudinis imperitae,

id. Fl. 1, 2:

odium eorum,

id. Att. 11, 17, 2:

usum omnium,

id. de Or. 1, 34, 157:

aliquid invidiae aut criminis,

id. N. D. 3, 1, 3:

quemque casum,

id. Att. 8, 1, 3:

quamvis carnificinam,

id. Tusc. 5, 27, 78:

dupli poenam,

id. Off. 3, 16, 65:

legis vim,

id. Caecin. 34, 100:

summae crudelitatis famam,

id. Cat. 4, 6, 12; cf.:

minus sermonis,

id. Att. 11, 6, 2:

poenam exsilii,

Val. Max. 6, 5, 3:

simultates,

Plin. Ep. 2, 18, 5:

offensas,

id. ib. 13, 9, 26:

periculum,

Vulg. 2 Macc. 11, 7:

jam tum peregrinos ritus novā subeunte fortunā,

Curt. 4, 6, 29. —With inf., to attempt, try, undertake:

adversa tela pellere,

Stat. S. 5, 2, 105:

clavum torquere,

Claud. Cons. Mall. Theod. 46.— Hence, sŭbĭtus, a, um, P. a., that has come on suddenly or unexpectedly, i. e. sudden, unexpected (freq. and class.; cf.:

repens, improvisus): res subita,

Plaut. Curc. 2, 3, 23:

in rebus tam subitis,

Cic. Fam. 10, 16, 2:

maris subita tempestas,

id. Tusc. 3, 22, 52:

subita et improvisa formido,

id. Prov. Cons. 18, 43:

laetitia, etc.,

Auct. Her. 1, 8, 13:

subita pugna, non praeparata,

Quint. 7, 1, 35:

ut sunt Gallorum subita et repentina consilia,

Caes. B. G. 3, 8:

novae rei ac subitae admiratio,

Liv. 2, 2:

bellum,

Caes. B. G. 3, 7:

incursiones hostium,

Hirt. B. G. 8, 11:

ministeria belli,

Liv. 4, 27:

imbres,

Lucr. 5, 216:

vis,

id. 1, 286; 4, 1210:

res,

id. 6, 1282:

mors,

Quint. 7, 2, 14:

casus,

id. 10, 3, 3; Suet. Aug. 73:

tristia,

Val. Max. 1, 6, 12:

silentium,

Quint. 12, 5, 3: miles, hastily collected (opp. vetus expertusque;

syn. subitarius),

Tac. H. 4, 76; cf.:

aqua mulsa subita ac recens (opp. inveterata),

Plin. 22, 24, 51, § 110: imagines non subitae, not newly sprung up, i. e. old, ancient, Plin. Ep. 8, 10, 3:

homo,

rash, Cic. Pis. Fragm. 5: clivi, sudden, i. e. steep, Stat. Th. 6, 258.—Esp., = subito (post-Aug.):

non percussor ille subitus erumpet?

Quint. 6, 2, 31; so,

manūs dux Trapezuntem subitus irrupit,

Tac. H. 3, 47:

subitum inopinatumque venisse,

Plin. Ep. 1, 13, 3:

evadere,

Flor. 4, 2, 59.—

As subst.: sŭbĭtum, i. n., a sudden or unexpected thing, a sudden occurrence, etc.:

Lesbonicum foras evocate: ita subitum'st, propere eum conventum volo,

Plaut. Trin. 5, 2, 51; cf.:

subitum est ei remigrare,

Cic. Fam. 13, 2:

si tibi subiti nihil est,

Plaut. Pers. 4, 4, 36:

in subito,

Plin. 7, 44, 45, § 143.—In plur.:

ut subitis ex tempore occurrant,

Quint. 10, 7, 30; cf.:

etiam fortes viros subitis terreri,

Tac. A. 15, 59:

quamvis non deficeretur ad subita extemporali facultate,

Suet. Aug. 84:

si repentina ac subita dominantur,

Sen. Ep. 16, 6: sive meditata sive subita proferret, whether he spoke after deliberation or off-hand, Plin. Ep. 1, 16, 2.—With gen.:

ad subita rerum,

Liv. 9, 43:

ad subita belli,

id. 6, 32; 25, 15, 20; Flor. 1, 1, 11.—

Adverb., suddenly, unexpectedly:

per subitum erumpit clamor,

Sil. 10, 505; so,

per subitum,

id. 7, 594; 8, 628; 12, 654; 14, 330; 15, 145;

15, 404: in subitum,

id. 7, 527: ad subitum, Cassiod. Var. praef. med. —Hence, adv.: sŭbĭtō, suddenly, unexpectedly (freq. and class.; cf.: repente, extemplo, ilico): ut subito, ut propere, ut valide tonuit! Plaut. Am. 5, 1, 10; cf. id. Curc. 2, 3, 4:

nova res subito mihi haec objecta est,

id. Ps. 2, 2, 7:

ita abripuit repente sese subito,

id. Mil. 2, 2, 21:

subito tanta te impendent mala,

Ter. Phorm. 1, 4, 2:

cum tot bella subito atque improviso nascantur,

Cic. Font. 19, 42:

ex oculis subito fugit,

Verg. G. 4, 499:

cum subito ecce,

Cic. Caecin. 10, 30:

ut subito nostras Hymen cantatus ad aures Venit,

Ov. H. 12, 137; Curt. 9, 9, 19:

subito deficere,

Quint. 7, 2, 14:

quod serenā nocte subito candens et plena luna defecisset,

Cic. Rep. 1, 15, 23:

tantus subito timor omnem exercitum occupavit,

Caes. B. G. 1, 39:

subito opprimi,

Liv. 41, 3:

si vespertinus subito te oppresserit hospes,

Hor. S. 2, 4, 17 et. saep.:

subito dicere,

without preparation, extempore, Cic. de Or. 1, 33, 150:

quod vox et gestus subito sumi non potest,

id. ib. 1, 59, 252:

neque potest quisquam nostrum subito fingi,

id. Sull. 25, 69:

aliquid subito ex tempore conjectura explicare,

id. Div. 1, 33, 72; so,

dicere,

Quint. 10, 3, 30; 11, 3, 12:

inventa (opp. domo allata),

id. 4, 5, 4:

cum subito evaserunt,

Col. 9, 9, 3:

tam subito copias contrahere non potuit,

so quickly, Nep. Dat. 7, 3.

tŏno, ŭi, 1 (collat. form of third conj.: tonimus, Varr. ap. Non. 49, 21), v. n. and a. [root in Sanscr. tan-, to stretch, extend; Gr. teinô; whence teneo, tendo, tenus; cf. O. H. Germ. donar; Engl. thunder], to thunder.

Lit.: ingens Porta tonat caeli, Enn. ap. Vet. Gram. ap. Col. (Ann. v. 597 Vahl.); imitated by Verg. G. 3, 261: cum tonuit laevum bene tempestate serenā, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 2, 39, 82 (Ann. v. 517 Vahl.):

ut valide tonuit!

Plaut. Am. 5, 1, 10; so id. ib. 5, 1, 78:

si fulserit, si tonuerit,

Cic. Div. 2, 72, 149:

Jove tonante,

id. ib. 2, 18, 43; id. Phil. 5, 3, 7:

tonans Juppiter,

Hor. C. 3, 5, 1; id. Epod. 2, 29; Inscr. Orell. 2, p. 23:

sub axe tonanti Sternitur aequor,

Verg. A. 5, 820:

pater nudā de rupe tonabat,

Prop. 4 (5), 1, 7:

nec si consulto fulmina missa tonent,

id. 2, 34 (3, 32), 54:

Diespiter per purum tonantes Egit equos,

Hor. C. 1, 34, 7:

Juppiter, tona,

Sen. Med. 5, 31.—

Transf., in gen.

Neutr., to make a loud, thundering noise, to roar, rattle, crash, etc. (cf.:

crepo, strepo): tympana tenta tonant,

Lucr. 2, 618:

Aetna horrificis ruinis,

Verg. A. 3, 571:

caelum omne fragore,

id. ib. 9, 541; cf. id. ib. 12, 757:

domus afflicta massa,

Val. Fl. 4, 612:

nemus fragore vasto,

Sen. Troad. 173; Mart. 9, 69, 4.—Of loud, thundering speech:

Pericles fulgere, tonare, dictus est,

Cic. Or. 9, 29; Plin. Ep. 1, 20, 19;

Col. praef. § 30: qualis Pindarico spiritus ore tonat,

Prop. 3, 17 (4, 16), 40; Verg. A. 11, 383.—

Act., to thunder forth, to say or name with a thundering voice:

tercentum tonat ore deos,

invokes with thundering voice, Verg. A. 4, 510:

verba foro,

Prop. 4 (5), 1, 134:

aspera bella,

Mart. 8, 3, 14:

talia celso ore,

Claud. Rapt. Pros. 1, 83:

Cicerona,

id. Ep. 3, 4.—Hence, P. a., as epithet of Jupiter: Tŏnans, antis, m., the thunderer, god of thunder, Ov. M. 1, 170; 2, 466; 11, 198; id. H. 9, 7; id. F. 6, 33; cf.:

Capitolinus Tonans,

id. ib. 2, 69:

sceptriferi Tonantes, Jupiter and Juno,

Sen. Med. 59.—Also of Saturn:

falcifer Tonans,

Mart. 5, 16, 5.

tŏno, ŭi, 1 (collat. form of third conj.: tonimus, Varr. ap. Non. 49, 21), v. n. and a. [root in Sanscr. tan-, to stretch, extend; Gr. teinô; whence teneo, tendo, tenus; cf. O. H. Germ. donar; Engl. thunder], to thunder.

Lit.: ingens Porta tonat caeli, Enn. ap. Vet. Gram. ap. Col. (Ann. v. 597 Vahl.); imitated by Verg. G. 3, 261: cum tonuit laevum bene tempestate serenā, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 2, 39, 82 (Ann. v. 517 Vahl.):

ut valide tonuit!

Plaut. Am. 5, 1, 10; so id. ib. 5, 1, 78:

si fulserit, si tonuerit,

Cic. Div. 2, 72, 149:

Jove tonante,

id. ib. 2, 18, 43; id. Phil. 5, 3, 7:

tonans Juppiter,

Hor. C. 3, 5, 1; id. Epod. 2, 29; Inscr. Orell. 2, p. 23:

sub axe tonanti Sternitur aequor,

Verg. A. 5, 820:

pater nudā de rupe tonabat,

Prop. 4 (5), 1, 7:

nec si consulto fulmina missa tonent,

id. 2, 34 (3, 32), 54:

Diespiter per purum tonantes Egit equos,

Hor. C. 1, 34, 7:

Juppiter, tona,

Sen. Med. 5, 31.—

Transf., in gen.

Neutr., to make a loud, thundering noise, to roar, rattle, crash, etc. (cf.:

crepo, strepo): tympana tenta tonant,

Lucr. 2, 618:

Aetna horrificis ruinis,

Verg. A. 3, 571:

caelum omne fragore,

id. ib. 9, 541; cf. id. ib. 12, 757:

domus afflicta massa,

Val. Fl. 4, 612:

nemus fragore vasto,

Sen. Troad. 173; Mart. 9, 69, 4.—Of loud, thundering speech:

Pericles fulgere, tonare, dictus est,

Cic. Or. 9, 29; Plin. Ep. 1, 20, 19;

Col. praef. § 30: qualis Pindarico spiritus ore tonat,

Prop. 3, 17 (4, 16), 40; Verg. A. 11, 383.—

Act., to thunder forth, to say or name with a thundering voice:

tercentum tonat ore deos,

invokes with thundering voice, Verg. A. 4, 510:

verba foro,

Prop. 4 (5), 1, 134:

aspera bella,

Mart. 8, 3, 14:

talia celso ore,

Claud. Rapt. Pros. 1, 83:

Cicerona,

id. Ep. 3, 4.—Hence, P. a., as epithet of Jupiter: Tŏnans, antis, m., the thunderer, god of thunder, Ov. M. 1, 170; 2, 466; 11, 198; id. H. 9, 7; id. F. 6, 33; cf.:

Capitolinus Tonans,

id. ib. 2, 69:

sceptriferi Tonantes, Jupiter and Juno,

Sen. Med. 59.—Also of Saturn:

falcifer Tonans,

Mart. 5, 16, 5.

vărĭus, a, um, adj., diverse, different, manifold, changing, varying, various (cf.: diversus, distinctus).

Lit.

Of color, etc., variegated, party-colored, mottled, etc.:

arietis lingua nigra aut varia, vestis,

Varr. R. R. 2, 2, 4:

variā veste exornatus fuit,

Ter. Eun. 4, 4, 16;

so of color: uvae,

Cato, R. R. 33, 4; 33, 73:

lynces,

Verg. G. 3, 264:

serpens,

Ov. M. 6, 114:

anguis,

id. ib. 4, 619:

pica,

Petr. 28 fin.:

flores,

Tib. 1, 7, 45; Ov. M. 10, 123:

plumae,

Hor. A. P. 2:

lapides,

id. S. 2, 4, 83:

columnae,

of variegated marble, id. Ep. 1, 10, 22:

auctumnus purpureo colore,

id. C. 2, 5, 12:

colores,

Ov. M. 1, 270; cf.:

vestra latera loris faciam ut valide varia sint,

i. e. black and blue, Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 12; id. Mil. 2, 2, 61: tergum varium, Pomp. ap. Non. 19, 31 (Com. Rel. v. 139 Rib.): sparsa quoque in vario passim miracula caelo videt, diversified, i. e. with constellations of various forms, Ov. M. 2, 193.—

Subst.: vărĭa, ae, f. (i. e. bestia, a mottled animal).

A panther, Plin. 8, 17, 23, § 63 sq.—

A kind of magpie, Plin. [p. 1959] 10, 29, 41, § 78.—

In rural lang.:

terra,

wet above and dry beneath, Col. 2, 4, 5:

sulcus,

Cato, R. R. 61, 2; Plin. 18, 19, 49, § 174.—

Trop., diverse, different, manifold, changing, varying, changeable, various, etc.: varium poëma, varia oratio, varii mores, varia fortuna;

voluptas etiam varia dici solet,

Cic. Fin. 2, 3, 10:

(qualitates) variae et quasi multiformes,

id. Ac. 1, 7, 26:

et ea, quae videntur acerba, quae multa et varia in hominum vitā fortunāque versantur,

id. Off. 1, 20, 67:

curricula multiplicium variorumque sermonum,

id. Or. 3, 12:

res varia et multiplex,

id. Fl. 3, 6:

multae, copiosae variaeque rationes,

id. de Or. 1, 51, 222; cf.:

varia et diversa genera et bellorum et hostium,

id. Imp. Pomp. 10, 28; cf. id. de Or. 3, 16, 61; 1, 61, 262:

varium jus et dispar condicio,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 19, § 49:

eventus varii fortunae,

Caes. B. G. 2, 22: victoria, wavering, = anceps, Sall. J. 5, 1; Liv. 2, 6, 10; so,

bellum,

Flor. 4, 12, 26. —Of opinions: varias esse opiniones intellego: sunt qui putant, etc., i. e. divergent opinions, differences where there is yet substantial agreement (while diversae opiniones are opposite views), Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 25. —

Varium est, with a rel.-clause:

quales sint (dii), varium est,

various opinions prevail, Cic. N. D. 2, 5, 13.—

Esp., of persons, etc.

Of abilities, versatile:

Plato et varius et multiplex et copiosus fuit,

Cic. Ac. 1, 4, 17; cf.:

antequam scirem quam varium, quam flexibile quam multiplex (ejus ingenium) esset,

Plin. Ep. 1, 16, 1:

Antonius ingenio varius,

Flor. 4, 3, 4.—

Of character, fickle, inconstant, changeable, untrustworthy: miror quid sit, quod pater tuus, homo constantissimus, te nobis varium reliquit ( beaten black and blue, and fickle-minded,) Cic. Fragm. ap. Quint. 6, 3, 48:

animus audax, subdolus, varius,

Sall. C. 5, 4:

varius incertusque agitabat,

id. J. 74, 1:

voltu et oculis pariter atque animo varius,

agitated, irresolute, id. ib. 113, 3:

Pausanias magnus homo, sed varius in omni genere vitae fuit,

Nep. Paus. 1, 1; cf.:

varium et mutabile semper Femina,

a fickle thing, Verg. A. 4, 569.—Hence, adv.: vărĭē.

Lit., with diverse colors, in a variegated manner:

mithrax gemma multicolor, contra solem varie refulgens,

Plin. 37, 10, 63, § 173:

smaragdi Cyprii varie glauci,

id. 37, 5, 18, § 67. —

Trop., variously, changeably, diversely, differently, in various ways:

varie moveri,

Cic. Div. 2, 42, 89:

qui (sermones) ab his, qui illum audierunt, perscripti varie et copiose sunt,

id. Ac. 1, 4, 16:

numerus hujus generis late et varie diffusus est,

id. Sest. 45, 97:

varie sum affectus tuis litteris,

id. Fam. 16, 4, 1:

postea decernitur, ac non varie, sed prope cunctis sententiis,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 65, § 145:

ita varie per omnem exercitum laetitia, maeror, luctus atque gaudia agitabantur,

Sall. C. 61, 9:

in Aequis varie bellatum,

Liv. 5, 28, 5:

agere varie, rogando alternis suadendoque coepit,

id. 2, 2, 9:

hiemem aut negotia varie causari,

Tac. A. 1, 47:

sagittarios varie passimque collocare, Auct. B. Afr. 60: disserere,

Tac. A. 1, 11.—With a punning allusion to 1. Varia: Ep. Perpetuon' valuisti? Th. Varie. Ep. Qui varie valent, caprigenum hominum non placet mihi neque pantherinum genus, Plaut. Ep. 1, 1, 15.

Vărĭus, a, the name of a Roman gens; esp.,

Q. Varius of Sucro, in Spain, called Hybrida, a tribune of the people A.U.C. 663, Cic. de Or. 1, 25, 117; id. Brut. 49, 182; 62, 221; Val. Max. 4, 3, 7.—

L. Varius, a tragic poet, contemporary with Virgil and Horace, Verg. E. 9, 35; Hor. S. 1, 10, 44; Quint. 10, 1, 98; Mart. 8, 18, 7.

vărĭus, a, um, adj., diverse, different, manifold, changing, varying, various (cf.: diversus, distinctus).

Lit.

Of color, etc., variegated, party-colored, mottled, etc.:

arietis lingua nigra aut varia, vestis,

Varr. R. R. 2, 2, 4:

variā veste exornatus fuit,

Ter. Eun. 4, 4, 16;

so of color: uvae,

Cato, R. R. 33, 4; 33, 73:

lynces,

Verg. G. 3, 264:

serpens,

Ov. M. 6, 114:

anguis,

id. ib. 4, 619:

pica,

Petr. 28 fin.:

flores,

Tib. 1, 7, 45; Ov. M. 10, 123:

plumae,

Hor. A. P. 2:

lapides,

id. S. 2, 4, 83:

columnae,

of variegated marble, id. Ep. 1, 10, 22:

auctumnus purpureo colore,

id. C. 2, 5, 12:

colores,

Ov. M. 1, 270; cf.:

vestra latera loris faciam ut valide varia sint,

i. e. black and blue, Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 12; id. Mil. 2, 2, 61: tergum varium, Pomp. ap. Non. 19, 31 (Com. Rel. v. 139 Rib.): sparsa quoque in vario passim miracula caelo videt, diversified, i. e. with constellations of various forms, Ov. M. 2, 193.—

Subst.: vărĭa, ae, f. (i. e. bestia, a mottled animal).

A panther, Plin. 8, 17, 23, § 63 sq.—

A kind of magpie, Plin. [p. 1959] 10, 29, 41, § 78.—

In rural lang.:

terra,

wet above and dry beneath, Col. 2, 4, 5:

sulcus,

Cato, R. R. 61, 2; Plin. 18, 19, 49, § 174.—

Trop., diverse, different, manifold, changing, varying, changeable, various, etc.: varium poëma, varia oratio, varii mores, varia fortuna;

voluptas etiam varia dici solet,

Cic. Fin. 2, 3, 10:

(qualitates) variae et quasi multiformes,

id. Ac. 1, 7, 26:

et ea, quae videntur acerba, quae multa et varia in hominum vitā fortunāque versantur,

id. Off. 1, 20, 67:

curricula multiplicium variorumque sermonum,

id. Or. 3, 12:

res varia et multiplex,

id. Fl. 3, 6:

multae, copiosae variaeque rationes,

id. de Or. 1, 51, 222; cf.:

varia et diversa genera et bellorum et hostium,

id. Imp. Pomp. 10, 28; cf. id. de Or. 3, 16, 61; 1, 61, 262:

varium jus et dispar condicio,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 19, § 49:

eventus varii fortunae,

Caes. B. G. 2, 22: victoria, wavering, = anceps, Sall. J. 5, 1; Liv. 2, 6, 10; so,

bellum,

Flor. 4, 12, 26. —Of opinions: varias esse opiniones intellego: sunt qui putant, etc., i. e. divergent opinions, differences where there is yet substantial agreement (while diversae opiniones are opposite views), Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 25. —

Varium est, with a rel.-clause:

quales sint (dii), varium est,

various opinions prevail, Cic. N. D. 2, 5, 13.—

Esp., of persons, etc.

Of abilities, versatile:

Plato et varius et multiplex et copiosus fuit,

Cic. Ac. 1, 4, 17; cf.:

antequam scirem quam varium, quam flexibile quam multiplex (ejus ingenium) esset,

Plin. Ep. 1, 16, 1:

Antonius ingenio varius,

Flor. 4, 3, 4.—

Of character, fickle, inconstant, changeable, untrustworthy: miror quid sit, quod pater tuus, homo constantissimus, te nobis varium reliquit ( beaten black and blue, and fickle-minded,) Cic. Fragm. ap. Quint. 6, 3, 48:

animus audax, subdolus, varius,

Sall. C. 5, 4:

varius incertusque agitabat,

id. J. 74, 1:

voltu et oculis pariter atque animo varius,

agitated, irresolute, id. ib. 113, 3:

Pausanias magnus homo, sed varius in omni genere vitae fuit,

Nep. Paus. 1, 1; cf.:

varium et mutabile semper Femina,

a fickle thing, Verg. A. 4, 569.—Hence, adv.: vărĭē.

Lit., with diverse colors, in a variegated manner:

mithrax gemma multicolor, contra solem varie refulgens,

Plin. 37, 10, 63, § 173:

smaragdi Cyprii varie glauci,

id. 37, 5, 18, § 67. —

Trop., variously, changeably, diversely, differently, in various ways:

varie moveri,

Cic. Div. 2, 42, 89:

qui (sermones) ab his, qui illum audierunt, perscripti varie et copiose sunt,

id. Ac. 1, 4, 16:

numerus hujus generis late et varie diffusus est,

id. Sest. 45, 97:

varie sum affectus tuis litteris,

id. Fam. 16, 4, 1:

postea decernitur, ac non varie, sed prope cunctis sententiis,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 65, § 145:

ita varie per omnem exercitum laetitia, maeror, luctus atque gaudia agitabantur,

Sall. C. 61, 9:

in Aequis varie bellatum,

Liv. 5, 28, 5:

agere varie, rogando alternis suadendoque coepit,

id. 2, 2, 9:

hiemem aut negotia varie causari,

Tac. A. 1, 47:

sagittarios varie passimque collocare, Auct. B. Afr. 60: disserere,

Tac. A. 1, 11.—With a punning allusion to 1. Varia: Ep. Perpetuon' valuisti? Th. Varie. Ep. Qui varie valent, caprigenum hominum non placet mihi neque pantherinum genus, Plaut. Ep. 1, 1, 15.

Vărĭus, a, the name of a Roman gens; esp.,

Q. Varius of Sucro, in Spain, called Hybrida, a tribune of the people A.U.C. 663, Cic. de Or. 1, 25, 117; id. Brut. 49, 182; 62, 221; Val. Max. 4, 3, 7.—

L. Varius, a tragic poet, contemporary with Virgil and Horace, Verg. E. 9, 35; Hor. S. 1, 10, 44; Quint. 10, 1, 98; Mart. 8, 18, 7.