to+round

ambi- ( ambe-, Varr. L. L. 7, § 30 Müll.); abbrev. amb-, am-, an-.

Insepar. prep. [Osc. amfr-; Umbr. am-, an-, ampr-; Gr. amphi; old Sax. umbi; old Germ. umpi; mod. Germ. um = around; Sanscr. abhi = around], around, round about; used only in composition; before vowels usually amb-: ambages, ambedo, ambigo, ambio, amburo; but amicio (for amjicio); once also amp-: ampulla; before consonants, ambi-: ambidens, ambifariam, ambivium; am-: amplector, amputo, amsegetes, amtermini; or amp-: ampsanctus; but before c, q, h, f, t, an-: anceps, ancisus, anquiro, anhelo (q. v.), anhelus, anfractus, etc.—

Also am, an, arch. prep., round, around:

am fines, am segetes,

Charis. 2, p. 205 P.: an terminum, Cato, Orig. ap. Macr. 1, 14, 5; cf. Schneid. Gr. I. p. 535 sq.; Kühner, Ausf. Gr. § 210, 8; Hand, Turs. I. pp. 284 sq.

amb-ĭo, īvi, and ii, ītum, 4, v.n. and a. (although from the root eo, it is regularly conjugated throughout; hence part. perf. ambītus; but ambitio and 2. ambĭtus follow the quantity of the simple verb, eo, ĭtum; in the imperf. ambiebat;

also ambibat,

Ov. M. 5, 361; cf. Prisc. p. 910 P.; Zumpt, Gram. § 215).

Lit.: aliquid, to go round or about a thing (syn. circumeo):

ut terram lunae cursus proxime ambiret,

Cic. Tim. 9:

ambibat Siculae cautus fundamina terrae,

Ov. M. 5, 361:

jubet urbem ambiri,

Luc. 1, 592.—

Transf.

To surround, encircle, encompass (syn.:

circumdo, cingo): insula, quam amnis Euphrates ambiebat,

Vell. 2, 101:

ambitae litora terrae,

Ov. M. 1, 37:

Thracam nec purior ambiat Hebrus,

Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 13; Verg. A. 6, 550 (cf. Sen. Ben. 4, 5: flumina campos cingentia;

v. ambitus, I.): funiculus ambiebat gyrum ejus,

Vulg. 2 Par. 4, 2:

muros praealtum mare ambiebat,

Curt. 4, 2; so Tac. A. 1, 68; 15, 43; Suet. Aug. 95:

(clipei) oras ambiit auro,

Verg. A. 10, 243:

ambiente (gemmam) circulo coloris aurei,

Plin. 37, 10, 60, § 166:

Judam suo ambiebat exercitu,

Vulg. 2 Par. 13, 13.—

T. t. to designate the manner in which candidates for office sought to procure votes (v. ambitio), to go round after, to solicit, canvass for votes (syn. peto):

virtute ambire oportet, non fautoribus,

Plaut. Am. prol. 18:

quod si comitia placet in senatu habere, petamus, ambiamus,

Cic. Phil. 11, 8:

ambiuntur, rogantur,

id. Rep. 1, 31; id. Planc. 4:

singulos ex senatu ambiundo nitebantur, ne etc.,

Sall. J. 13, 8.—With acc. of the office:

magistratum sibi,

Plaut. Am. prol. 74.—

In gen., to solicit one for something, for his favor, friendship, etc., to strive for, seek to gain (syn.:

peto, sector): qui ambīssent palmam histrionibus,

Plaut. Am. prol. 69: nisi senis amicos oras, ambis, * Ter. And. 2, 2, 36:

reginam ambire affatu,

Verg. A. 4, 284:

conubiis ambire Latinum,

id. ib. 7, 333:

te pauper ambit sollicitā prece Ruris colonus,

Hor. C. 1, 35, 5:

ambiebat Jason summum sacerdotium,

Vulg. 2 Macc. 4, 7.—With ut or ne:

ambienti, ut legibus solveretur,

Suet. Caes. 18:

ambirent multi, ne filias in sortem darent,

id. Aug. 31.—With inf.:

donec ultro ambiretur consulatum accipere,

Tac. A. 2, 43:

pauci, qui ob nobilitatem plurimis nuptiis ambiuntur,

Tac. G. 18.

ambĭtĭōsus, a, um, adj. [ambitio].

(Very rare and mostly poet.) Going round, encompassing; poet., embracing, twining round:

lascivis hederis ambitiosior,

Hor. C. 1, 36, 20 (cf.:

undique ambientibus ramis,

Curt. 4, 7, 16).—Of a river, making circuits, having many windings:

Jordanes amnis ambitiosus,

Plin. 5, 15, 15, § 71.— Of oratorical ornament, excessive, superfluous:

vir bonus ambitiosa recidet Ornamenta,

Hor. A. P. 447.—

Transf.

That asks for a thing fawningly; esp., that solicits the favor, good-will, etc., of any one, in a good and bad sense, honor-loving, ambitious, courting favor; vain, vainglorious, conceited, etc.:

qui ita sit ambitiosus, ut omnes vos nosque cotidie persalutet,

Cic. Fl. 18:

homo minime ambitiosus, minime in rogando molestus,

id. Fam. 13, 1:

ne forte me in Graecos tam ambitiosum factum esse mirere,

desirous of the favor of the Greeks, id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 2:

pro nostris ut sis ambitiosa malis, Ov P. 3, 1, 84: pro nato caerula mater Ambitiosa suo fuit,

i.e. begs fawningly of Vulcan for weapons for her son, id. M. 13, 289:

malis artibus ambitiosus,

seeking to ingratiate one's self, Tac. H. 2, 57:

salubris magis princeps quam ambitiosus,

Suet. Aug. 42 al. —

Pass., that is willingly solicited or entreated, ambitious; much sought, honored, admired:

ambitiosus et qui ambit et qui ambitur,

Gell. 9, 12:

turba caelestes ambitiosa sumus,

Ov. F. 5, 298:

sexus muliebris saevus, ambitiosus, potestatis avidus,

Tac. A. 3, 33: si locuples hostis est, avari;

si pauper, ambitiosi,

id. Agr. 30:

nota quidem sed non ambitiosa domus,

not sought after, Ov. Tr. 1, 9, 18 Jahn: ambitiosae pulchritudinis scortum. Just. 30, 2. —

Of things, vain, ostentatious:

amicitiae,

founded merely on the desire to please, interested, Cic. Att. 1, 18:

rogationes,

id. Fam. 6, 12; so id. ib. 6, 6:

gloriandi genus,

Quint. 11, 1, 22:

preces,

urgent, Tac. H. 2, 49:

sententiae,

Suet. Dom. 8: mors, ambitious, i. e. to obtain fame, Tac. Agr. 42:

medicina ars,

boastful, Plin. 29, 1, 8, § 20:

et quaesitorum pelago terrāque ciborum Ambitiosa fames,

Luc. 4, 376:

atria,

splendid, gorgeous, Mart. 12, 69:

ambitiosis utilia praeferre,

Quint. 1, 2, 27:

ambitiosius id existimans quam domi suae majestas postularet,

more condescending, submissive, Suet. Aug. 25.—

In rhet.: orator ambitiosus, who seeks to rouse attention by obsolete or unusual expressions:

antigerio nemo nisi ambitiosus utetur,

Quint. 8, 3, 26.—Hence, adv.: ambĭtĭōsē, ambitiously, ostentatiously, etc.:

de triumpho ambitiose agere,

Cic. Att. 15, 1:

ambitiose regnum petere,

Liv. 1, 35: amicitias ambitiose colere, Tac. [p. 103] H. 1, 10 al.— Comp., Cic. Fam. 3, 7.— Sup., Quint. 6, 3, 68.

ambĭtĭōsus, a, um, adj. [ambitio].

(Very rare and mostly poet.) Going round, encompassing; poet., embracing, twining round:

lascivis hederis ambitiosior,

Hor. C. 1, 36, 20 (cf.:

undique ambientibus ramis,

Curt. 4, 7, 16).—Of a river, making circuits, having many windings:

Jordanes amnis ambitiosus,

Plin. 5, 15, 15, § 71.— Of oratorical ornament, excessive, superfluous:

vir bonus ambitiosa recidet Ornamenta,

Hor. A. P. 447.—

Transf.

That asks for a thing fawningly; esp., that solicits the favor, good-will, etc., of any one, in a good and bad sense, honor-loving, ambitious, courting favor; vain, vainglorious, conceited, etc.:

qui ita sit ambitiosus, ut omnes vos nosque cotidie persalutet,

Cic. Fl. 18:

homo minime ambitiosus, minime in rogando molestus,

id. Fam. 13, 1:

ne forte me in Graecos tam ambitiosum factum esse mirere,

desirous of the favor of the Greeks, id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 2:

pro nostris ut sis ambitiosa malis, Ov P. 3, 1, 84: pro nato caerula mater Ambitiosa suo fuit,

i.e. begs fawningly of Vulcan for weapons for her son, id. M. 13, 289:

malis artibus ambitiosus,

seeking to ingratiate one's self, Tac. H. 2, 57:

salubris magis princeps quam ambitiosus,

Suet. Aug. 42 al. —

Pass., that is willingly solicited or entreated, ambitious; much sought, honored, admired:

ambitiosus et qui ambit et qui ambitur,

Gell. 9, 12:

turba caelestes ambitiosa sumus,

Ov. F. 5, 298:

sexus muliebris saevus, ambitiosus, potestatis avidus,

Tac. A. 3, 33: si locuples hostis est, avari;

si pauper, ambitiosi,

id. Agr. 30:

nota quidem sed non ambitiosa domus,

not sought after, Ov. Tr. 1, 9, 18 Jahn: ambitiosae pulchritudinis scortum. Just. 30, 2. —

Of things, vain, ostentatious:

amicitiae,

founded merely on the desire to please, interested, Cic. Att. 1, 18:

rogationes,

id. Fam. 6, 12; so id. ib. 6, 6:

gloriandi genus,

Quint. 11, 1, 22:

preces,

urgent, Tac. H. 2, 49:

sententiae,

Suet. Dom. 8: mors, ambitious, i. e. to obtain fame, Tac. Agr. 42:

medicina ars,

boastful, Plin. 29, 1, 8, § 20:

et quaesitorum pelago terrāque ciborum Ambitiosa fames,

Luc. 4, 376:

atria,

splendid, gorgeous, Mart. 12, 69:

ambitiosis utilia praeferre,

Quint. 1, 2, 27:

ambitiosius id existimans quam domi suae majestas postularet,

more condescending, submissive, Suet. Aug. 25.—

In rhet.: orator ambitiosus, who seeks to rouse attention by obsolete or unusual expressions:

antigerio nemo nisi ambitiosus utetur,

Quint. 8, 3, 26.—Hence, adv.: ambĭtĭōsē, ambitiously, ostentatiously, etc.:

de triumpho ambitiose agere,

Cic. Att. 15, 1:

ambitiose regnum petere,

Liv. 1, 35: amicitias ambitiose colere, Tac. [p. 103] H. 1, 10 al.— Comp., Cic. Fam. 3, 7.— Sup., Quint. 6, 3, 68.

ăm-ĭcĭo, ĭcui, or ixi, ictum, 4, v. a. ( fut. amicibor, Plaut. Pers. 2, 5, 6; perf. only in exs. below; inf. perf. amicisse, Front.) [jacio], to throw round, to wrap about (cf. amphiballô); exclusively of upper garments (on the contr., induere, of clothes put or drawn on; vestire, of those for the protection or ornament of the body): se amicire or pass. amiciri, to throw round, veil one's self.

Lit.:

amictus epicroco, Naev. ap. Var. 7, 3, 92: palliolatim amictus,

Plaut. Ps. 5, 1, 29:

amicibor gloriose,

id. Pers. 2, 5, 6:

pallium, quo amictus, soccos, quibus indutus esset,

Cic. de Or. 3, 32:

amictus est pallio,

Vulg. 1 Reg. 28, 14:

amictus togā purpureā,

Cic. Phil. 2, 34: qui te togā praetextā amicuit, Brut. ap. Diom. p. 364 P.:

celerius mater amixit, Varr. ib.: dum calceabat ipse sese et amiciebat,

Suet. Vesp. 21 al. — Poet.: nube umeros (Gr. acc.) amictus, Hor. C. 1, 2, 31; Verg. A. 1, 516:

amictus nube,

Vulg. Apoc. 10, 1:

lumine,

ib. Psa. 103, 2:

mulier amicta sole,

ib. ib. 12, 1; so,

(rex) amicietur terrā Aegypti, sicut amicitur pastor pallio suo,

ib. Jer. 43, 12.—

Trop., of other things, to cover, clothe, wrap up:

nive amicta loca,

Cat. 63, 70:

colus amicta lanā,

id. 64, 311:

amicitur vitibus ulmus,

Ov. P. 3, 8, 13:

et piper et quidquid chartis amicitur ineptis,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 270:

amicta ossa luridā pelle,

id. Epod. 17, 22:

amicti vitibus montes,

Flor. 1, 16:

partem alteram luce, alteram tenebris amicisse Jovem,

Fronto, Fer. Als. p. 188.

circŭĭtĭo ( circŭmĭtĭo, Cic. Div. 2, 17, 40; 2, 61, 127; Liv. 3, 6, 9; Front. de Or. 3; Amm. 24, 2, 2), ōnis, f. [circumeo].

A going round; in milit. lang., the rounds: circuitio ac cura (vigiliarum) aedilium plebei erat. Liv. 3, 6, 9.—

A circuit: muni mentum fluminis circumitione vallatum, Amm 24, 2, 2.—

Trop., a circuitous mode, a circumlocution. ita aperte ipsam rem modo locutus, nil circuitione usus es, [p. 335] Ter. And. 1, 2, 31:

quid opus est circumitione et anfractu?

Cic. Div. 2, 61, 127, cf. Auct. Her. 4, 32, 43: Epicurus circuitione quādam ( in an indirect manner) deos tollens, Cic. Div. 2, 17, 40.—

Meton. (abstr. pro concr.), a place for going round something, a way, passage, corridor, Vitr. 4, 4; 6, 3; 10, 19.—

A circumference, compass, Vitr. 1, 5; 2, 10.

circum-ăgo, ēgi, actum, 3, v. a.

To drive or turn in a circle, turn round (most freq. since the Aug. per.;

not in Cic. or Quint.): impera suovetaurilia circumagi,

Cato, R. R. 141, 1.—And with two acc. (on account of circum):

terram fundumque meum suovetaurilia circumagi jussi,

Cato, R. R. 141, § 2:

(annus) qui solstitiali circumagitur orbe,

Liv. 1, 19, 6:

chamaeleonis oculos ipsos circumagi totos tradunt,

Plin. 11, 37, 55, § 152.— Act. in mid. sense (very rare):

Aegeum pelagus summotas terras hinc ad promunturium, quod Sunium vocatur, magno ambitu mollique circumagit,

rolls around, surrounds, Mel. 2, 2, 8.—

To drive around, produce by going around:

pinctis bobus... aratro circumagebant sulcum,

Varr. L. L. 5, § 143 Müll.—Hence,

T. t., to manumit a slave by turning him round. since the slave, in such a case, was taken by his master with the right hand, and turned around in a circle (cf. vertigo, Casaub. Pers. 5, 75 sq., and Dict. of Antiq.);

fig.: qui se illi (philosophiae) subjecit et tradidit, statim circumagitur: hoc enim ipsum philosophiae servire libertas est,

Sen. Ep. 8, 6.—

Trop.

Of time, with se, or more freq. in pass, to pass away, to be spent (so most freq. in temp. perf. and in Liv.):

in ipso conatu rerum circumegit se annus,

Liv. 9, 18, 14:

sed prius se aestas circumegit, quam, etc.,

id. 23, 39, 4:

prius circumactus est annus, quam, etc.,

id. 6, 38, 1:

circumactis decem et octo mensibus,

id. 9, 33, 3; 6, 1, 4; 26, 40, 1; 27, 30, 11; 44, 36, 1; Plin. 7, 16, 17, § 76;

and in tmesis: circum tribus actis annis,

Lucr. 5, 881.—In temp. pres.:

annus, qui solstitiali circumagitur orbe,

Liv. 1, 19, 6:

nobis in apparatu ipso annus circumagitur,

id. 24, 8, 8.—

Of the vicissitudes of fortune, etc.:

cum videamus tot varietates tam volubili orbe circumagi,

Plin. Ep. 4, 24, 6.—

To turn, turn about, wheel around:

equos frenis,

Liv. 1, 14, 9; 8, 7, 10; 10, 11, 1; Curt. 3, 11, 14 sq.:

collum in aversam se,

Plin. 11, 47, 107, § 256:

corpora,

Tac. H. 4, 29:

se ad dissonos clamores,

Liv. 4, 28, 2:

circumagitur, cum venit, imago (in speculis),

Lucr. 4, 316 (340):

circumagente se vento,

Liv. 37, 16, 4:

aciem,

id. 42, 64, 5:

signa,

id. 10, 36, 9; 6, 24, 7; Curt. 4, 6, 14:

ut qui (milites) ultimi stabant... verti tamen et in frontem circumagi possent,

id. 4, 13, 32:

se,

to turn about, Plin. 6, 31, 36, § 199; 16, 41, 80, § 220:

legiones,

to lead back, Flor. 3, 21, 6. —Hence, prov.:

circumagetur hic orbis,

the tide will turn, Liv. 42, 42, 6; cf.

' praecipua cenationum rotunda, quae perpetuo diebus ac noctibus vice mundi circumageretur,

Suet. Ner. 31.—

Esp., to agitate, disturb:

verna (mala) stomacho inutilia sunt, alvom, vesicam circumagunt,

Plin. 23, 6, 54, § 100.—

Trop.:

hic paululum circumacta fortuna est,

changes, is changed, Flor. 2, 2, 22:

sed unā voce, quā Quirites eos pro militibus appellarat, tam facile circumegit et flexit,

Suet. Caes. 70:

quo te circumagas?

whither will you now turn? Juv. 9, 81:

universum prope humanum genus circumegit in se,

brought over to his side, Plin. 26, 3, 7, § 13.—

(Acc. to circum, II. C.) To run or drive about, proceed from one place to another:

(milites) huc illuc clamoribus hostium circumagi,

Tac. H, 3, 73: nil opus est te Circumagi, i. e. that you wander about with me, * Hor. S. 1, 9, 17.—

Trop.:

non pendere ex alterius vultu ac nutu, nec alieni momentis animi circumagi,

Liv. 39, 5, 3:

rumoribus vulgi circumagi,

id. 44, 34, 4; 26, 8, 3.—

Aliquem aliquā re = circumdare, to surround with something:

fratrem Saturnum muro,

Lact. 1, 14.—Hence, circumactus, a, um, P. a., bent around, curved (perh. only in the two Plin.):

in orbem circumactus,

Plin. 9, 33, 52, § 102; 15, 14, 15, § 51; 16, 34, 62, § 146:

sensim circumactis curvatisque litoribus,

Plin. Ep. 6, 16, 12.

circum-fĕro, tŭli, lātum, ferre, v. a. to bear round, or, in gen., to move or carry [p. 338] round or about (class. in prose and poetry).

Prop.:

age circumfer mulsum,

pass around, Plaut. Pers. 5, 2, 45:

satiatis vino ciboque poculum... circumferetur,

Liv. 26, 13, 18:

circumferri vinum largius jubet,

Curt. 7, 4, 7:

hisce (poculis) etiam nunc in publico convivio potio circumfertur,

Varr. L. L. 5, § 122 Müll.:

sanguinem in pateris,

Sall. C. 22, 1; Flor. 4, 1, 4 Duker:

circa ea omnia templa Philippum infestos circumtulisse ignes,

Liv. 31, 30, 7:

reliquias cenae,

Suet. Galb. 22:

lyram in conviviis,

Quint. 1, 10, 19:

codicem,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 42, § 104:

filium suis manibus,

Quint. 2, 15, 8:

diuque arma circumferens alia tela clipeo excipiebat, corpore alia vitabat,

Curt. 6, 1, 4:

ter heros Immanem circumfert tegmine silvam,

Verg. A. 10, 887:

pavimenta in expeditionibus,

Suet. Caes. 46:

ubique pellem vituli marini,

id. Aug. 90.—Of books carried about for sale, Quint. 2, 13, 15; 2, 15, 4 al.:

huc atque huc acies circumtulit,

Verg. A. 12, 558; cf.

oculos,

to cast around, Ov. M. 6, 169; 15, 674; Liv. 2, 10, 8; 5, 41, 4; Curt. 6, 11, 36; Val. Max. 7, 2, ext. 2:

vultus,

Ov. M. 3, 241; Suet. Caes. 85.—Mid.:

sol ut circumferatur,

revolve, Cic. de Or. 3, 45, 178; cf.: linea circumferens, the circumference, Gromat. Vet. 5, 10:

nec mirari hominem mercede conductum... ad nutum licentium circumferri,

Curt. 5, 12, 2.—

Trop. (mostly in the poets and histt.), to spread around:

bellum,

Liv. 9, 41, 6; 9, 45, 17; 10, 17, 2; 28, 3, 1; Tac. A. 13, 37 (for which:

spargere bellum,

id. ib. 3, 21):

belli umbram,

Sil. 15, 316:

et circumferentem arma Scipionem omnibus finitimis raptim perdomitis ipsam Carthaginem repente adgressurum credebant,

Liv. 30, 9, 3; Flor. 1, pr. 2;

3, 12, 1: signa,

id. 3, 5, 29:

incendia et caedes et terrorem,

Tac. A. 2, 52; cf.:

terrorem nominis sui late,

Flor. 2, 2, 21:

Caesar circumferens terrarum orbi praesentia pacis suae bona,

Vell. 2, 92, 2; Plin. Pan. 7, 5.—

Of a narrative or discourse, to publish abroad, proclaim, divulge, disseminate among the people, report (prob. nct ante-Aug.):

ut circumferetur M. Philippi factum atque dictum,

Col. 8, 16, 3; Plin. Ep. 3, 11, 1; 6, 8, 2:

illud quidem ingens fama, haec nulla circumfert,

id. ib. 3, 16, 13.—With acc. and inf.:

novi aliquam, quae se circumferat esse Corinnam,

Ov. Am. 2, 17, 29. —Hence, of writings:

circumferri,

to be widely circulated, Quint. 2, 13, 15; 2, 15, 4. —

In the lang. of religion, to lustrate, purify any one by carrying around him consecrated objects (torches, offerings, etc.) = lustrare, purgare:

quaeso quin tu istanc jubes Pro cerritā circumferri?

Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 144: aliquem pro larvato, id. Fragm. ap. Serv. ad Verg. A. 6, 229: tum ferto omnia sum circumlatus, Lucil. ap. Non. p. 261, 27: idem ter socios purā circumtulit undā, carried around pure water, i. e. for purification ( poet. constr. for undam circum socios), Verg. A. 6, 229 Serv. and Wagn.; Veg. 3, 74.—

In rhetoric:

oratio deducta et circumlata,

expanded, drawn out into periods, Quint. 4, 1, 60 Spald.

clĭpĕus (in inscrr. and MSS. also clŭp- and clyp-), i, m. ( clĭpĕum, i, n., Verg. A. 9, 709; Liv. 1, 43, 2; 34, 52, 5; 35, 10, 12; 38, 35, 5; 40, 51, 3; Licin. et Laber. ap. Non. p. 196, 22 sq. al.) [root in clepo].

The round brazen shield of Roman soldiers (diff. from scutum, which was oval, and made of wood covered with bull's hide; cf. Dict. of Antiq. p. 268 sq.), Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 93 Müll.; id. ap. Prisc. p. 838 P. (Enn. Ann. 364 Vahl.); Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 195; 3, 2, 93; id. Truc. 2, 6, 25; Cic. Fin. 2, 30, 97; id. Div. 1, 44, 99; id. Tusc. 1, 15, 34; id. de Or. 2, 17, 73; Nep. Iphic. 1, 3; Liv. 1, 43, 2; 8, 8, 3; 9, 19, 7; Verg. A. 2, 443; 7, 626; 8, 447; Hor. C. 1, 28, 11; Ov. M. 8, 27; 12, 621.—Prov.:

clipeum post vulnera sumere,

i. e. to do something when it is too late, Ov. Tr. 1, 3, 35. —

Trop., a shield, protection, defence, Claud. IV. Cons. Hon. 433.—

Meton., of objects in the form of a shield. *

The vault of heaven: in altisono caeli clupeo, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 73 Müll.—

The disk of the sun, Ov. M. 15, 192.—

A round meteor:

clipei et vastorum imagines ignium,

Sen. Q. N. 1, 1, 15; 7, 20, 2; Plin. 2, 34, 34, § 100.—But esp. freq.,

A bust of the gods or distinguished men, represented upon a shield-formed surface (of gold, silver, etc., skilfully prepared, and often laid up as sacred gifts in the temples; so mostly in neutr. form; v. supra init.):

scutis qualibus apud Trojam pugnatum est, continebantur imagines, unde et nomen habuere clipeorum,

Plin. 35, 3, 4, § 13; Liv. 25, 39, 13; 35, 10, 12; Tac. A. 2, 83; Suet. Calig. 16; id. Dom. 23; Dig. 9, 3, 5 fin. —

Clipeum antiqui ob rotunditatem etiam corium bovis appellarunt, in quo foedus Gabinorum cum Romanis fuerat descriptum, Paul. ex Fest. p. 56 Müll. (cf. the same use of hoplon, Corp. Inscr. Graec. II. p. 664).

clĭpĕus (in inscrr. and MSS. also clŭp- and clyp-), i, m. ( clĭpĕum, i, n., Verg. A. 9, 709; Liv. 1, 43, 2; 34, 52, 5; 35, 10, 12; 38, 35, 5; 40, 51, 3; Licin. et Laber. ap. Non. p. 196, 22 sq. al.) [root in clepo].

The round brazen shield of Roman soldiers (diff. from scutum, which was oval, and made of wood covered with bull's hide; cf. Dict. of Antiq. p. 268 sq.), Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 93 Müll.; id. ap. Prisc. p. 838 P. (Enn. Ann. 364 Vahl.); Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 195; 3, 2, 93; id. Truc. 2, 6, 25; Cic. Fin. 2, 30, 97; id. Div. 1, 44, 99; id. Tusc. 1, 15, 34; id. de Or. 2, 17, 73; Nep. Iphic. 1, 3; Liv. 1, 43, 2; 8, 8, 3; 9, 19, 7; Verg. A. 2, 443; 7, 626; 8, 447; Hor. C. 1, 28, 11; Ov. M. 8, 27; 12, 621.—Prov.:

clipeum post vulnera sumere,

i. e. to do something when it is too late, Ov. Tr. 1, 3, 35. —

Trop., a shield, protection, defence, Claud. IV. Cons. Hon. 433.—

Meton., of objects in the form of a shield. *

The vault of heaven: in altisono caeli clupeo, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 73 Müll.—

The disk of the sun, Ov. M. 15, 192.—

A round meteor:

clipei et vastorum imagines ignium,

Sen. Q. N. 1, 1, 15; 7, 20, 2; Plin. 2, 34, 34, § 100.—But esp. freq.,

A bust of the gods or distinguished men, represented upon a shield-formed surface (of gold, silver, etc., skilfully prepared, and often laid up as sacred gifts in the temples; so mostly in neutr. form; v. supra init.):

scutis qualibus apud Trojam pugnatum est, continebantur imagines, unde et nomen habuere clipeorum,

Plin. 35, 3, 4, § 13; Liv. 25, 39, 13; 35, 10, 12; Tac. A. 2, 83; Suet. Calig. 16; id. Dom. 23; Dig. 9, 3, 5 fin. —

Clipeum antiqui ob rotunditatem etiam corium bovis appellarunt, in quo foedus Gabinorum cum Romanis fuerat descriptum, Paul. ex Fest. p. 56 Müll. (cf. the same use of hoplon, Corp. Inscr. Graec. II. p. 664).

conversĭo, ōnis, f. [id.], a turning round, revolving, revolution (class.).

Lit.

In gen.:

caeli,

Cic. Div. 2, 42, 89; id. Univ. 6 med.; id. Rep. 6, 18, 18:

astrorum omnesque motus,

id. Tusc. 1, 25, 62; cf. id. N. D. 2, 19, 49:

caelestes,

id. Leg. 1, 8, 24.—Hence,

The periodical return of the seasons, caused by the revolution of the heavenly bodies:

mensium annorumque,

Cic. Univ. 14 fin. —

Esp., in medic. lang.,

A turning round, inverting:

vesicae,

Plin. 8, 42, 67, § 166.—In plur.:

vulvae,

Plin. 24, 7, 23, § 39.—

An abscess, Col. 6, 17, 6.—

Trop.

In gen., subversion, alteration, change:

conversio et perturbatio rerum,

Cic. Fl. 37, 94; cf. id. Div. 2, 2, 6:

moderatio et conversio tempestatum,

id. Fl. 13, 31 fin. —

Esp., in rhet.,

The change or transfer from one species of composition to another, Quint. 10, 5, 4.—

The repetition of the same word at the end of a clause, antistrophê or epiphora, Cic. de Or. 3, 54, 207; Quint. 9, 1, 33 sq.; Auct. Her. 4, 13, 19 med. —

The rounding of a period, kampê, sustrophê:

sic enim has orationis conversiones Graeci nominant,

Cic. de Or. 3, 48, 186:

ut (oratio) conversiones habeat absolutas,

id. ib. 3, 49, 190.—

A moral change, conversion (late Lat.), Alcim. Avit. 6, 49; esp. with ad:

ad verum Deum, Aug. Civ. Dei, 7, 33: ad unum verum Deum sanctumque,

id. ib. 8, 24, 2.—

A change of view or opinion:

tanta conversio consecuta est,

Plin. Ep. 9, 13, 18.

cŏrō̆na (in the ante-Aug. per. sometimes written chorona, acc. to Quint. 1, 5, 20; cf. the letter C), ae, f., = korônê, a garland, chaplet, wreath.

Lit., of natural or artificial flowers, etc. (very freq. used for personal adornment at festivals, when sacrificing, or as a gift for friends, etc., for ornamenting the images of the gods, edifices, victims, the dead, etc.), Lucr. 5, 1399; Lex XII. Tab. ap. Plin. 21, 3, 5, § 7; Plaut. Men. 3, 1, 16; Cic. Fl. 31, 75; id. Leg. 2, 24, 60; Liv. 23, 11, 5; 38, 14, 5; Curt. 4, 2, 2; 4, 4, 5; Hor. C. 1, 26, 8; id. Ep. 2, 2, 96; Tac. A. 2, 57; 15, 12; 16, 4; id. H. 2, 55 et saep.:

coronas bibere,

i. e. to throw into the cup leaves plucked from the garlands, Plin. 21, 3, 9, § 12. Vid. the artt. sacerdotalis, funebris, sepulchralis, convivialis, nuptialis, natalitia, Etrusca, pactilis, plectilis, sutilis, tonsa or tonsilis, radiata, and pampinea.— Poet.:

perenni fronde corona,

i. e. immortal, poetic renown, Lucr. 1, 119.—As emblem of royalty, a crown:

regni corona = diadema,

Verg. A. 8, 505. —Concerning the different kinds of garlands or crowns given to soldiers as a prize of bravery (castrensis or vallaris, civica, muralis, navalis or rostrata, obsidionalis, triumphalis, oleagina, etc.), v. Gell. 5, 6; Dict. of Antiq.; and the artt. castrensis, civicus, muralis, etc.—

Esp.: corona fidei, the crown of martyrdom (eccl. Lat.), Cypr. Ep. 58; 60; Lact. Epit. 72, 23;

and corona alone,

Lact. 4, 25, 10; id. Mort. Pers. 16, 11.—

Sub coronā vendere, t. t. of the lang. of business, to sell captives as slaves (since they were crowned with chaplets; cf. Caelius Sabinus ap. Gell. 7, 4, 3;

and corono, I.),

Caes. B. G. 3, 16; Liv. 42, 63, 12; so,

sub coronā venire,

id. 9, 42, 8; 38, 29, 11; 41, 11, 8:

sub coronā venundari,

Tac. A. 13, 39; id. H. 1, 68:

sub coronā emere,

Varr. R. R. 2, 10, 4.—

As a constellation.

The northern crown (according to the fable, the crown of Ariadne transferred to heaven;

v. Ariadna),

Cic. Arat. 351 sq.; Caes. German. Arat. 71;

called Gnosia stella Coronae,

Verg. G. 1, 222:

Cressa Corona,

Ov. A. A. 1, 558:

Ariadnea Corona,

Manil. 5, 21; cf. also Ov. M. 8, 181; Plin. 18, 26, 60, § 224 al.—

The southern crown, Caes. German. Arat. 391.—

Meton., of objects in the form of a crown.

Most freq., a circle of men, an assembly, crowd, multitude (esp. of judicial assemblies), Cic. Fl. 28, 69; id. Phil. 2, 44, 112; id. Mil. 1, 1; id. Fin. 2, 22, 74; Quint. 12, 10, 74; Suet. Aug. 93 al.; Cat. 53, 1; Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 53; Ov. M. 13, 1 al.—Hence,

Milit. t. t., the besiegers round a hostile place, the line of siege or circumvallation, Caes. B. G. 7, 72; Liv. 10, 43, 1; 23, 44, 3; Curt. 4, 6, 10 al.—Also, a circle of men for the defence of a place, Liv. 4, 19, 8.—

In arch., the cornice, Vitr. 5, 2; Plin. 36, 24, 59, § 183.—

In the agrimensores, an elevated ridge of land as a boundary line, Cato, R. R. 6, 3; Front. Col. 114 and 131 Goes.—

The hairy crown over the horse's hoof, Col. 6, 29, 3; Veg. Art. Vet. 1, 13, 1.—

Montium, a circular ridge of mountains, Plin. 6, 20, 23, [p. 472] § 73.—

The halo round the sun (for the Gr. halôs), Sen. Q. N. 1, 2, 1.

cyclas, ădis, f., = kuklas (circular; hence as in Greek; cf.

Liddell and Scott in h. v. l.),

a state-robe of women, with a border running round it, Prop. 4 (5), 7, 40; Juv. 6, 259; Vop. Sat. 9; Lampr. Alex. Sev. 41, 1; Serv. ad Verg. A. 1, 649 al.—

Cyclădes, um, f., = Kuklades, the Cyclades, islands lying in a circle round Delos, in the Ægean Sea, off the coast of the Peloponnesus, Mel. 2, 7, 11; Plin. 4, 12, 22, § 65 sq.; Caes. B. C. 3, 3; Nep. Milt. 2, 5; Liv. 34, 26, 11; Verg. A. 3, 127; Ov. Tr. 1, 11, 8; id. M. 2, 264; Stat. Th. 5, 183.— Sing., Vitr. 7, 7, 3; Juv. 6, 563; Sil. 4, 347; Sen. Herc. Oet. 804.

ē-vincĭo, nxi, nctum, 4, v. a., to bind up, to bind or wind round with something (not ante-Aug., and mostly poet.):

simul diademate caput Tiridatis evinxit,

Tac. A. 15, 2; cf. id. ib. 6, 43.—More freq. in the part. perf.:

viridi Mnestheus evinctus oliva,

Verg. A. 5, 494; cf.

palmae,

i. e. wound round with the cestus, id. ib. 5, 364:

comae (sc. vittā),

Ov. Am. 3, 6, 56:

evincta pudicā Fronde manus,

crowned with laurel, Stat. Th. 1, 554.—With acc. respectiv.:

puniceo stabis suras evincta cothurno,

Verg. E. 7, 32; id. A. 5, 269; 774; 8, 286; Ov. M. 15, 676.—

To bind:

evincta lacerandum traditi dextra,

Sil. 2, 48 (dub.; al. victa).

fascĭa ( fascea), ae, f. [kindred with fascis], a band, bandage, swathe, girth, fillet.

Prop. (to bind up diseased parts of the body; to wrap round the feet to prevent the boots from rubbing them; to bind under the breasts of women; a headband set with pearls, etc.;

syn.: redimiculum, vitta, infula, diadema): devinctus erat fasciis,

Cic. Brut. 60, 217; Suet. Dom. 17; id. Galb. 21; Gell. 16, 3, 4; cf.:

fasciis crura vestiuntur,

Quint. 11, 3, 144: cum vincirentur pedes fasciis, Cic. Fragm. ap. Non. 537, 5; id. Att. 2, 3, 1 (cf. with Val. Max. 6, 2, 7); Plin. 8, 57, 82, § 221; Dig. 34, 2, 25 (with pedules); Lampr. Alex. Sev. 40 al.:

carnem praependentem fascia substringere,

Suet. Galb. 21:

brachio lanis fasciisque obvoluto,

id. Dom. 17:

inflatum circa fascia pectus eat,

Ov. A. A. 3, 274; Mart. 14, 134:

vides illum Scythiae regem, insigni capitis decorum? si vis illum aestimare, fasciam solve: multum mali sub illa latet,

Sen. Ep. 80 fin.; so of a diadem, Suet. Caes. 79:

puero fasciis opus est, cunis, incunabulis,

i. e. swaddling-cloths, Plaut. Truc. 5, 13:

somniasse se, ovum pendere ex fascia lecti sui cubicularis,

a bed-girth, Cic. Div. 2, 65, 134; Mart. 5, 62, 5; 14, 159:

uvas sole siccatas junci fasciis involvit,

bands of rushes, mats, Plin. 15, 17, 18, § 66: nitor, qualem Bruttia praestabat calidi tibi fascia visci, plaster, Juv. 9, 14.— Prov.: non es nostrae fasciae, i. e. of our rank or condition, Petr. 46.—

Transf.

The casing of a door, Varr. ap. Non. 451, 20; and 86, 10.—

In archit., a wreath round a pillar, a listel, Vitr. 3, 3 med. —

A streak of cloud in the sky:

nil color hic caeli, nil fascia nigra minatur,

Juv. 14, 294.—

A zone of the earth:

orbi terrae in quinque zonas, sive melius fascias dico, discernitur,

Mart. Cap. 6, §§ 602, 607.

fascĭa ( fascea), ae, f. [kindred with fascis], a band, bandage, swathe, girth, fillet.

Prop. (to bind up diseased parts of the body; to wrap round the feet to prevent the boots from rubbing them; to bind under the breasts of women; a headband set with pearls, etc.;

syn.: redimiculum, vitta, infula, diadema): devinctus erat fasciis,

Cic. Brut. 60, 217; Suet. Dom. 17; id. Galb. 21; Gell. 16, 3, 4; cf.:

fasciis crura vestiuntur,

Quint. 11, 3, 144: cum vincirentur pedes fasciis, Cic. Fragm. ap. Non. 537, 5; id. Att. 2, 3, 1 (cf. with Val. Max. 6, 2, 7); Plin. 8, 57, 82, § 221; Dig. 34, 2, 25 (with pedules); Lampr. Alex. Sev. 40 al.:

carnem praependentem fascia substringere,

Suet. Galb. 21:

brachio lanis fasciisque obvoluto,

id. Dom. 17:

inflatum circa fascia pectus eat,

Ov. A. A. 3, 274; Mart. 14, 134:

vides illum Scythiae regem, insigni capitis decorum? si vis illum aestimare, fasciam solve: multum mali sub illa latet,

Sen. Ep. 80 fin.; so of a diadem, Suet. Caes. 79:

puero fasciis opus est, cunis, incunabulis,

i. e. swaddling-cloths, Plaut. Truc. 5, 13:

somniasse se, ovum pendere ex fascia lecti sui cubicularis,

a bed-girth, Cic. Div. 2, 65, 134; Mart. 5, 62, 5; 14, 159:

uvas sole siccatas junci fasciis involvit,

bands of rushes, mats, Plin. 15, 17, 18, § 66: nitor, qualem Bruttia praestabat calidi tibi fascia visci, plaster, Juv. 9, 14.— Prov.: non es nostrae fasciae, i. e. of our rank or condition, Petr. 46.—

Transf.

The casing of a door, Varr. ap. Non. 451, 20; and 86, 10.—

In archit., a wreath round a pillar, a listel, Vitr. 3, 3 med. —

A streak of cloud in the sky:

nil color hic caeli, nil fascia nigra minatur,

Juv. 14, 294.—

A zone of the earth:

orbi terrae in quinque zonas, sive melius fascias dico, discernitur,

Mart. Cap. 6, §§ 602, 607.

flecto, xi, xum, 3, v. a. and n. [root in Gr. pholkos, bandy-legged; phalkês, the bent rib of a ship; L. falx; falco, so called from the curve of its claws or beak; cf. Germ. Falke; Engl. falcon].

Act., to bend, bow, curve, turn, turn round (freq. and class.; syn.: plecto, plico, curvo).

Lit.

In gen.:

animal omne membra quocumque vult, flectit, contorquet, porrigit, contrahit,

Cic. Div. 1, 53, 120:

ora retro,

Ov. M. 3, 188:

vultus ad illum,

id. ib. 4, 265;

10, 236: lumina a gurgite in nullam partem,

id. ib. 8, 367:

geminas acies huc,

to turn, direct, Verg. A. 6, 789; cf.

oculos,

id. ib. 8, 698:

equos brevi moderari ac flectere,

Caes. B. G. 4, 33 fin.:

equum,

Hor. C. 3, 7, 25:

currum de foro in Capitolium,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 30, § 77:

plaustrum,

Ov. M. 10, 447: navem, Auct. B. Alex. 64 fin.:

habenas,

Ov. M. 2, 169:

cursus in orbem,

id. ib. 6, 225; cf.:

cursus in laevum,

id. Tr. 1, 10, 17:

iter ad Privernum,

Liv. 8, 19, 13 Drak. N. cr.:

iter Demetriadem,

id. 35, 31, 3:

tu (Bacche) flectis amnes, tu mare barbarum,

Hor. C. 2, 19, 17:

arcus,

to bend, Ov. M. 4, 303; cf.:

flexos incurvant viribus arcus,

Verg. A. 5, 500:

flexum genu,

Ov. M. 4, 340:

artus,

Liv. 21, 58, 9:

flexi crines,

curled, Mart. 3, 63, 3; 10, 65, 6; Juv. 6, 493:

flexum mare,

i.e. a bay, Tac. A. 14, 4:

flexi fractique motus,

contorted, Cic. Fin. 5, 12, 35:

hinc (silva) se flectit sinistrorsus,

Caes. B. G. 6, 25, 3.—Mid.: quasi amnis celeris rapit, sed tamen inflexu flectitur, Naev. ap. Non. 191, 34 (Trag. Rel. v. 42 Rib.):

(milvus) flectitur in gyrum,

wheels, Ov. M. 2, 718:

modo flector in anguem,

I bend, wind myself into a snake, id. ib. 8, 883:

sol ab ea (Cancri) meta incipit flecti,

Plin. 18, 28, 68, § 264: Euphrates ad meridiem flectitur, id. 6, 26, 30, § 125.—

In partic., naut. t. t., to go round or double a promontory:

cum in flectendis promontoriis ventorum mutationes maximas saepe sentiant,

Cic. Div. 2, 45, 94:

Leucaten flectere molestum videbatur,

id. Att. 5, 9, 1.—

Trop.

In gen., to bend, turn, direct:

ducere multimodis voces et flectere cantus,

Lucr. 5, 1406:

vocem,

Ov. Am. 2, 4, 25:

qui teneros et rudes cum acceperunt, inficiunt et flectunt, ut volunt,

Cic. Leg. 1, 17, 47; cf.:

imbecillitatem animorum torquere et flectere,

id. ib. 1, 10, 29:

suam naturam huc et illuc torquere ac flectere,

id. Cael. 6, 13:

vitam flectere fingereque,

id. Sull. 28, 79:

mentes suas ad nostrum imperium nomenque,

id. Balb. 17, 39:

aliquem a proposito,

Liv. 28, 22, 11:

scribentis animum a vero,

id. 1 praef. 5:

animus ab aliqua opinione flectendus,

Quint. 4, 2, 80:

animos ad publica carmina,

Ov. Tr. 5, 1, 23: quo vobis mentes... dementes sese flexere viaï? Enn. ap. Cic. de Sen. 6, 16 (Ann. v. 209 ed. Vahl.):

est viri et ducis oblata casu flectere ad consilium,

Liv. 28, 44, 8:

juvenis cereus in vitium flecti,

Hor. A. P. 163:

quod procul a nobis flectat Fortuna gubernans,

turn aside, avert, Lucr. 5, 108.—

In partic.

To bend (in opinion or in will), to move, persuade, prevail upon, overcome, soften, appease (cf.:

moveo, afficio): quibus rebus ita flectebar animo atque frangebar, ut, etc.,

Cic. Sull. 6, 18:

sed quid te oratione flectam?... qua re flecte te, quaeso,

id. Phil. 1, 14, 35: facile Achivos flexeris, Enn. ap. Gell. 11, 4, 3 (Trag. v. 229 ed. Vahl.):

judices,

Quint. 6, 1, 9:

flectere mollibus jam durum imperiis,

Hor. C. 4, 1, 6:

precibus si flecteris ullis,

Verg. A. 2, 689:

flectere si nequeo Superos, Acheronta movebo,

id. ib. 7, 312; cf.:

nisi dii immortales suo numine prope fata ipsa flexissent,

Cic. Cat. 3, 8, 19:

desine fata deum flecti sperare precando,

Verg. A. 6, 376:

animos commutare atque omni ratione flectere,

Cic. de Or. 2, 52 fin.:

ingenium alicujus aversum,

Sall. J. 102, 3:

si quem a proposito spes mollitiave animi flexisset,

divert, dissuade, Liv. 28, 22, 11: dictis nostris sententia flexa est, Enn. ap. Fest. p. 257 Müll. (Ann. v. 264 ed. Vahl.):

si flectitur ira deorum,

Ov. M. 1, 378: cf. id. Tr. 3, 5, 41:

hortaturque simul flectitque labores,

soothes, Stat. S. 5, 1, 119:

ad deditionem primos,

Liv. 5, 43, 1.—Mid.:

plurimum valet miseratio, quae judicem flecti non tantum cogit, sed, etc.,

to let himself be moved, Quint. 6, 1, 23:

flexi in misericordiam,

Amm. 12, 27.—

(Acc. to I. A. 2.) To turn aside from, to avoid a thing:

ut eam (viam) flectas, te rogo,

Cic. Att. 11, 18, 2 (but B. and K. ex conj. C. F. Hermann read ira, v. a. sup.); cf.:

flexit viam,

Liv. 1, 60, 1:

dolo a se flexos imputavit civilis,

Tac. H. 5, 24.—

To refer to or apply to any one:

versus qui in Tiberium flecterentur,

Tac. A. 6, 29:

Augustus quaedam ex horrida illa antiquitate ad praesentem usum flexisset,

id. ib. 4, 16.—

In grammar.

To form a word from another language:

verba derivare, flectere, conjungere,

Quint. 8, 3, 36:

hoc vocabulum (pollex) de Graeco flexum est,

Gell. 4, 3 fin. —

To decline, conjugate, inflect, Varr. L. L. 10, 2, 29 al.—

Flectere syllabam, to mark with the circumflex accent, and hence, to lengthen, Quint. 1, 5, 23 Spald. and Zumpt.

Neutr., to turn, go, or march in any direction (post-Aug.).

Lit.:

cum procul hos laevo flectentes limite cernunt,

Verg. A. 9, 372:

ex Gabino in Tusculanos flexere colles,

Liv. 3, 8, 6;

Hasdrubal ad Oceanum flectit,

id. 28, 16, 3:

inde Vitellius Cremonam flexit,

Tac. H. 2, 70:

in Capitolium,

Suet. Tib. 20.—

Trop., of thought or speech, to turn in any direction:

ad providentiam sapientiamque,

Tac. A. 13, 3:

in ambitionem,

id. ib. 4, 37:

a veneratione Augusti orsus flexit ad victorias Tiberii,

id. ib. 1, 34.—Hence, flexus, a, um, P. a.

Lit., bent, winding:

error,

Ov. M. 8, 160:

zodiacus circa Cancrum Capricornumque flexior,

Mart. Cap. 8, § 878.—In neutr. plur. subst.: collium flexa, Minuc. Fel. Octav. 17.—

Trop., of tones, lengthened:

infinito magis illa flexa et circumducta sunt,

Quint. 11, 3, 172.