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101 Kriechstrecke
расстояние утечки
Кратчайшее расстояние по поверхности изоляционного материала между двумя токопроводящими1) частями.
Примечание. Стык между двумя элементами из изоляционного материала считают частью поверхности.
[ ГОСТ Р 50030. 1-2000 ( МЭК 60947-1-99)]
расстояние утечки (см. приложение В)
Кратчайшее расстояние по поверхности изоляционного материала между двумя токопроводящими1) частями.
Примечание — При определении расстояния утечки относительно доступных частей следует рассматривать доступную поверхность изоляционной оболочки как токопроводящую, как если бы она была покрыта металлической фольгой во всех местах, где ее можно коснуться рукой или стандартным испытательным пальцем в соответствии с рисунком 9
[ ГОСТ Р 50345-99( МЭК 60898-95)]
расстояние утечки по поверхности
-
[IEV number 151-15-50]
путь утечки
Кратчайшее расстояние вдоль поверхности изоляции между двумя проводящими частями или между проводящей частью и доступной поверхностью.
[ ГОСТ Р 52161. 1-2004 ( МЭК 60335-1: 2001)]EN
creepage distance
shortest distance along the surface of an insulating material between two conductive parts
NOTE - A joint between two pieces of insulating material is considered part of the surface.
[IEC 60947-1, ed. 5.0 (2007-06)]
creepage distance
shortest distance along the surface of an insulating material between two conductive parts
NOTE - For the purpose of determining a creepage distance to accessible parts, the accessible surface of an insulating enclosure is considered conductive as if it was covered by a metal foil wherever it can be touched by a hand or a standard test finger according to figure 9.
[IEC 60898-1, ed. 1.0 (2002-01)]
creepage distance
shortest distance along the surface of insulation between two conductive parts or between a conductive part and the accessible surface
[IEC 60335-1, ed. 4.0 (2001-05)]
creepage distance
shortest distance along the surface of a solid insulating material between two conductive parts
[IEV number 151-15-50]FR
ligne de fuite
distance la plus courte le long de la surface d'une matière isolante entre deux parties conductrices
NOTE - Un joint entre deux portions de matière isolante est considéré comme faisant partie de la surface.
[IEC 60947-1, ed. 5.0 (2007-06)]
ligne de fuite
distance la plus courte le long de la surface d'une matière isolante entre deux parties conductrices
NOTE - Pour la détermination d'une ligne de fuite pour des parties accessibles, la surface accessible d'une enveloppe isolante est considérée comme conductrice comme si elle était recouverte d'une feuille métallique à tout endroit où elle peut être touchée par la main ou par le doigt d'essai normalisé conforme à la figure 9.
[IEC 60898-1, ed. 1.0 (2002-01)]
ligne de fuite
plus petite distance le long de la surface de l’isolation entre deux parties conductrices ou entre une partie conductrice et la surface accessible
[IEC 60335-1, ed. 4.0 (2001-05)]
ligne de fuite, f
distance la plus courte, le long de la surface d'un isolant solide, entre deux parties conductrices
[IEV number 151-15-50]1) Должно быть проводящими
[Интент]Недопустимые, нерекомендуемые
Тематики
- электротехника, основные понятия
EN
DE
FR
Немецко-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > Kriechstrecke
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102 Erdoberfläche
-
103 (elektrische) Stromstärke
ток проводимости
Явление направленного движения свободных носителей электрического заряда в веществе или в пустоте, количественно характеризуемое скалярной величиной, равной производной по времени от электрического заряда, переносимого свободными носителями заряда сквозь рассматриваемую поверхность.
[ ГОСТ Р 52002-2003]EN
(electric) current
(conduction) current
scalar quantity equal to the flux of the electric current density J through a given directed surface S:
where endA is the vector surface element
NOTE 1 – The electric current through a surface is equal to the limit of the quotient of the electric charge transferred through that surface during a time interval by the duration of this interval when this duration tends to zero.
NOTE 2 – For charge carriers confined to a surface, the electric current is defined through a curve of this surface (see the note to term “lineic electric current”).
[IEV number 121-11-13]FR
courant (électrique), m
courant (de conduction), m
grandeur scalaire égale au flux de la densité de courant électrique J à travers une surface orientée donnée S:
où endA est l'élément vectoriel de surface
NOTE 1 – Le courant électrique à travers une surface est égal à la limite du quotient de la charge électrique traversant cette surface pendant un intervalle de temps par la durée de cet intervalle lorsque cette durée tend vers zéro.
NOTE 2 – Pour des porteurs de charge confinés sur une surface, le courant électrique est défini à travers une courbe de cette surface (voir la note au terme "densité linéique de courant").
[IEV number 121-11-13]Тематики
- электротехника, основные понятия
Синонимы
EN
DE
- (elektrische) Stromstärke
- Leitungsstromstärke
- Stromstärke, (elektrische)
FR
Немецко-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > (elektrische) Stromstärke
-
104 Leitungsstromstärke
ток проводимости
Явление направленного движения свободных носителей электрического заряда в веществе или в пустоте, количественно характеризуемое скалярной величиной, равной производной по времени от электрического заряда, переносимого свободными носителями заряда сквозь рассматриваемую поверхность.
[ ГОСТ Р 52002-2003]EN
(electric) current
(conduction) current
scalar quantity equal to the flux of the electric current density J through a given directed surface S:
where endA is the vector surface element
NOTE 1 – The electric current through a surface is equal to the limit of the quotient of the electric charge transferred through that surface during a time interval by the duration of this interval when this duration tends to zero.
NOTE 2 – For charge carriers confined to a surface, the electric current is defined through a curve of this surface (see the note to term “lineic electric current”).
[IEV number 121-11-13]FR
courant (électrique), m
courant (de conduction), m
grandeur scalaire égale au flux de la densité de courant électrique J à travers une surface orientée donnée S:
où endA est l'élément vectoriel de surface
NOTE 1 – Le courant électrique à travers une surface est égal à la limite du quotient de la charge électrique traversant cette surface pendant un intervalle de temps par la durée de cet intervalle lorsque cette durée tend vers zéro.
NOTE 2 – Pour des porteurs de charge confinés sur une surface, le courant électrique est défini à travers une courbe de cette surface (voir la note au terme "densité linéique de courant").
[IEV number 121-11-13]Тематики
- электротехника, основные понятия
Синонимы
EN
DE
- (elektrische) Stromstärke
- Leitungsstromstärke
- Stromstärke, (elektrische)
FR
Немецко-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > Leitungsstromstärke
-
105 Stromstärke, (elektrische)
ток проводимости
Явление направленного движения свободных носителей электрического заряда в веществе или в пустоте, количественно характеризуемое скалярной величиной, равной производной по времени от электрического заряда, переносимого свободными носителями заряда сквозь рассматриваемую поверхность.
[ ГОСТ Р 52002-2003]EN
(electric) current
(conduction) current
scalar quantity equal to the flux of the electric current density J through a given directed surface S:
where endA is the vector surface element
NOTE 1 – The electric current through a surface is equal to the limit of the quotient of the electric charge transferred through that surface during a time interval by the duration of this interval when this duration tends to zero.
NOTE 2 – For charge carriers confined to a surface, the electric current is defined through a curve of this surface (see the note to term “lineic electric current”).
[IEV number 121-11-13]FR
courant (électrique), m
courant (de conduction), m
grandeur scalaire égale au flux de la densité de courant électrique J à travers une surface orientée donnée S:
où endA est l'élément vectoriel de surface
NOTE 1 – Le courant électrique à travers une surface est égal à la limite du quotient de la charge électrique traversant cette surface pendant un intervalle de temps par la durée de cet intervalle lorsque cette durée tend vers zéro.
NOTE 2 – Pour des porteurs de charge confinés sur une surface, le courant électrique est défini à travers une courbe de cette surface (voir la note au terme "densité linéique de courant").
[IEV number 121-11-13]Тематики
- электротехника, основные понятия
Синонимы
EN
DE
- (elektrische) Stromstärke
- Leitungsstromstärke
- Stromstärke, (elektrische)
FR
Немецко-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > Stromstärke, (elektrische)
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106 auftauchen
v/i (trennb., ist -ge-)1. come up, emerge; U-Boot: surface2. fig. (erscheinen) turn up; Frage etc.: come up; bes. Problem etc.: auch crop up, arise; Verschwundene(s): wieder auftauchen turn up again* * *das Auftauchenemersion* * *auf|tau|chenvi sep aux sein1) (aus dem Wasser) to surface, to come up2) (fig) (= sichtbar werden) to appear; (aus Nebel etc) to emerge, to appear; (Zweifel, Problem) to arise3) (= gefunden werden, sich zeigen, kommen) to turn up* * *1) (to come out; to come into view: The swimmer emerged from the water; He was already thirty before his artistic talent emerged.) emerge2) (to happen unexpectedly: I'm sorry I'm late, but something important cropped up.) crop up3) (to appear or arrive: I waited for her, but she never showed up.) show up4) ((of a submarine, diver etc) to come to the surface.) surface5) (to appear or arrive: He turned up at our house.) turn up6) (to be found: Don't worry - it'll turn up again.) turn up* * *auf|tau·chenvi Hilfsverb: seinwieder \auftauchen to resurfaceaus dem Wasser \auftauchen to break the surface of the water; Taucher to come upin Etappen \auftauchen to come up in stages3. (plötzlich da sein) to suddenly appear, to materialize4. (sichtbar werden)aus dem Nebel \auftauchen to emerge [or appear] from out of the fog; (bedrohlich) to loom out of the fog5. (sich ergeben)▪ [in/bei jdm] \auftauchen to arise [in sb]\auftauchende düstere Ahnungen the onset of forebodings* * *intransitives Verb; mit sein1) (aus dem Wasser) surface; <frogman, diver> surface, come up2) (sichtbar werden) appear; (aus dem Dunkel, dem Nebel) emerge; appear3) (kommen, gefunden werden) turn up* * *auftauchen v/i (trennb, ist -ge-)1. come up, emerge; U-Boot: surface* * *intransitives Verb; mit sein1) (aus dem Wasser) surface; <frogman, diver> surface, come up2) (sichtbar werden) appear; (aus dem Dunkel, dem Nebel) emerge; appear3) (kommen, gefunden werden) turn up4) (sich ergeben) <problem, question, difficulties> crop up, arise* * *n.sudden appearance n. -
107 äußerlich
I Adj.1. external; Verletzung, Wunde etc.: surface...; Erscheinung: outward; nur zur äußerlichen Anwendung MED. for external use only2. fig. on the surface; (oberflächlich) superficial; seine äußerliche Ruhe verbarg seine Erregung his outward calm hid ( oder disguised) his excitementII Adv.1. on the outside; Oberfläche: on the surface* * *outwardly (Adv.); cortical (Adj.); extrinsic (Adj.); superficial (Adj.); outward (Adj.); external (Adj.); on the surface (Adv.); formal (Adj.)* * *äu|ßer|lich ['ɔysɐlɪç]1. adj1) externaleiner Sache (dat) ä́úßerlich sein (geh) — to be extrinsic to sth
2. adv1) externally2) (fig) (= oberflächlich) outwardly, superficiallyrein ä́úßerlich betrachtet — on the face of it
* * *1) externally2) (of, for, from, or on, the outside: Chemists often label skin creams `For external use only'.) external3) (on or towards the outside; able to be seen: Judging by his outward appearance, he's not very rich; no outward sign of unhappiness.) outward4) (in appearance: Outwardly he is cheerful, but he is really a very unhappy person.) outwardly* * *äu·ßer·lich[ˈɔysɐlɪç]1. (außen befindlich) externalnur zur \äußerlichen Anwendung! MED, PHARM [for] external use only2. (oberflächlich) superficial[rein] \äußerlich betrachtet on the face of it* * *1.1) external <use, injury>2) (nach außen hin) outward <appearance, calm, similarity, etc.>2.* * *A. adjnur zur äußerlichen Anwendung MED for external use onlyB. adv1. on the outside; Oberfläche: on the surface2. fig outwardly, on the surface;rein äußerlich betrachtet on the surface, on the face of it* * *1.1) external <use, injury>2) (nach außen hin) outward <appearance, calm, similarity, etc.>2.adverbial externally; (nach außen hin) outwardly* * *adj.external adj.extrinsic adj.outward adj. adv.cortically adv.externally adv.outwardly adv. -
108 Fläche
f; -, -n1. (Gebiet) area; (Grundfläche) area, space; in Gebäude: floorspace; weite Fläche wide expanse; auf einer Fläche von 10 km2 verbreitet spread over an area of 4 square miles; das Dreieck hat eine Fläche von 5 cm2 the triangle has an area of 0.775 sq. in.2. (Oberfläche) surface; MATH. (Ebene) plane; eines Körpers: face; eines geschliffenen Steins: facet* * *die Flächesurface; acreage; expanse; area; flat; plain* * *Flạ̈|che ['flɛçə]f -, -n(=Ausdehnung, Flächeninhalt MATH) area; (= Oberfläche) surface; (von Würfel) face; (= Gelände, Landfläche/Wasserfläche) expanse (of ground/water)* * *die1) (a level, even part: the flat of her hand.) flat2) (the extent or size of a flat surface: This garden is twelve square metres in area.) area* * *Flä·che<-, -n>[ˈflɛçə]fversteckte \Fläche INFORM hidden surface* * *die; Fläche, Flächen1) (ebenes Gebiet) area2) (OberFläche, Außenseite) surface3) (Math.) area; (einer dreidimensionalen Figur) side; face4) (weite LandFläche, WasserFläche) expanse* * *weite Fläche wide expanse;auf einer Fläche von 10 km² verbreitet spread over an area of 4 square miles;das Dreieck hat eine Fläche von 5 cm² the triangle has an area of 0.775 sq. in.* * *die; Fläche, Flächen1) (ebenes Gebiet) area2) (OberFläche, Außenseite) surface3) (Math.) area; (einer dreidimensionalen Figur) side; face4) (weite LandFläche, WasserFläche) expanse* * *-n f.area n.expanse n.face n.flat n.surface n. -
109 Belag
m; -(e)s, Beläge1. (Überzug) coat(ing); (Schicht) layer; (Auskleidung, Brems-, Kupplungsbelag) lining; auf Fußboden: covering; von Brücken, Straßen: surface; von Skiern: base, (running) surface3. meist Sg.; auf Brot, Pizza, Kuchen: topping, (Aufstrich) spread, auf Sandwich: (sandwich) filling; belegte Brote mit verschiedenem Belag open sandwiches with various toppings* * *der Belag(Fußboden) covering;(Kochkunst) topping; spread;(Zahnbelag) tartar; plaque;(oberste Schicht) facing; surface; coating* * *Be|lag [bə'laːk]m -(e)s, ordm;e[-'lɛːgə] coating; (= Schicht) layer; (= Ölfilm etc) film; (auf Pizza, Brot) topping; (auf Tortenboden, zwischen zwei Brotscheiben) filling; (auf Zahn) film; (= Zungenbelag) fur; (= Bremsbelag) lining; (= Fußbodenbelag) covering; (= Straßenbelag) surface* * *Be·lag<-[e]s, Beläge>[bəˈla:k, pl bəˈlɛ:gə]m3. (Schicht) coating, layer4. (Bremsbelag) lining* * *der; Belag[e]s, Beläge1) coating; film; (ZahnBelag) film3) (von Kuchen, Pizza, Scheibe Brot usw.) topping; (von Sandwich) filling* * *1. (Überzug) coat(ing); (Schicht) layer; (Auskleidung, Brems-, Kupplungsbelag) lining; auf Fußboden: covering; von Brücken, Straßen: surface; von Skiern: base, (running) surface3. meist sg; auf Brot, Pizza, Kuchen: topping, (Aufstrich) spread, auf Sandwich: (sandwich) filling;belegte Brote mit verschiedenem Belag open sandwiches with various toppings* * *der; Belag[e]s, Beläge1) coating; film; (ZahnBelag) film3) (von Kuchen, Pizza, Scheibe Brot usw.) topping; (von Sandwich) filling* * *-e m.coat n.coating n.facing n.film n.lining n. -
110 Niveaufläche
уровенная поверхность
Поверхность, на которой потенциал силы тяжести Земли всюду имеет одно и то же значение.
[ ГОСТ 22268-76]
уровенная поверхность (гравиразведка)
Поверхность, в любой точке которой потенциал силы тяжести имеет одно и то же значение.
[ ГОСТ Р 52334-2005]
уровенная поверхность
Поверхность равного потенциала ускорения силы тяжести
[ ГОСТ 24284-80]Тематики
Обобщающие термины
EN
DE
FR
D. Niveaufläche
Aquipotentialflache
E. Level surface
Equipotential surface
F. Surface de niveau
Surface équipotentielle
Поверхность, на которой потенциал силы тяжести Земли всюду имеет одно и то же значение
Источник: ГОСТ 22268-76: Геодезия. Термины и определения оригинал документа
Немецко-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > Niveaufläche
-
111 pflastern
v/t* * *to pave; to surface* * *pflạs|tern ['pflastɐn]vteine Straße neu pflastern — to resurface a road
ihre Filmkarriere war mit unzähligen Misserfolgen gepflastert — her film career was made up of a series of failures
See:→ Weg2) (inf = ohrfeigen)jdm eine pflastern — to sock sb( one) (inf)
du kriegst gleich eine gepflastert — I'll sock you one in a minute (inf)
* * *(to cover (a street, path etc) with (usually large) flat stones, concrete etc to make a flat surface for walking on etc: He wants to pave the garden.) pave* * *pflas·tern[ˈpflastɐn]I. vtetw mit Steinplatten \pflastern to pave sth with flagstonesII. vi to pave* * *transitives (auch intransitives) Verb surface <road, path>; (mit Kopfsteinpflaster, Steinplatten) pave <street, path>* * *pflastern v/t2. fig, umg:jemandem eine pflastern (eine Ohrfeige geben) sock sb (one)* * *transitives (auch intransitives) Verb surface <road, path>; (mit Kopfsteinpflaster, Steinplatten) pave <street, path>* * *v.to pave v. -
112 Reibfläche
* * *Reib|flä|chef(für Streichholz) striking surface; (von Reibe) scraping surface* * *Reib·flä·che* * *Reibfläche f an Streichholzschachtel: striking surface; einer Reibe: friction ( oder scraping) surface -
113 Mondoberfläche
f surface of the moon* * *Mond|ober|flä|chefsurface of the moon* * *Mond·ober·flä·chef surface of the moon, lunar surface* * *die lunar surface* * *Mondoberfläche f surface of the moon* * *die lunar surface -
114 Pflaster
n; -s, -1. MED. (sticking) plaster, Am. adhesive tape2. einer Straße: road (surface), roadway; Pflaster treten umg. tramp the streets; teures Pflaster umg., fig. expensive spot ( Stadt: place); heißes Pflaster umg., fig. dangerous place* * *das Pflaster(Straße) paving; road surface; pavement;(Wunde) adhesive plaster; band-aid; sticking plaster; plaster* * *Pflạs|ter ['pflastɐ]nt -s, -auf +acc to)das Pflaster erneuern — to put on a fresh or new (piece of) (sticking) plaster (Brit) or adhesive tape (US)
Pflaster treten (inf) — to trudge the streets, to trudge or traipse around
ein teures Pflaster (inf) — a pricey place (inf)
* * *((also sticking-plaster; American Band-Aid) (a piece of) sticky tape (sometimes with a dressing) used to cover a wound etc: You should put a plaster on that cut.) plaster* * *Pflas·ter<-s, ->[ˈpflastɐ]nt1. MED plaster2. BAU road [or paved] surface3.* * *das; Pflasters, Pflaster1) (StraßenPflaster) road surface; (auf dem Gehsteig) pavement2) (ugs.): (Ort)ein teures/gefährliches od. heißes Pflaster — an expensive/dangerous place or spot to be
3) (WundPflaster) sticking plaster* * *1. MED (sticking) plaster, US adhesive tape2. einer Straße: road (surface), roadway;Pflaster treten umg tramp the streets;heißes Pflaster umg, fig dangerous place* * *das; Pflasters, Pflaster1) (StraßenPflaster) road surface; (auf dem Gehsteig) pavement2) (ugs.): (Ort)ein teures/gefährliches od. heißes Pflaster — an expensive/dangerous place or spot to be
3) (WundPflaster) sticking plaster* * *- (Kopfstein-) n.cobbles n. - (Straßen-) n.pavement n. - (Wund-) n.band-aid (US) n.sticking-plaster n. -
115 Verschmutzung
загрязнение
Присутствие инородного вещества: твердого, жидкого или газообразного (ионизированные газы), - которое может вызвать уменьшение диэлектрической прочности или поверхностного сопротивления.
[ ГОСТ Р 52319-2005( МЭК 61010-1: 2001)]
загрязнение
Любое добавление инородных веществ, твердых, жидких или газообразных (ионизированных газов), которые могли бы уменьшить электрическую прочность изоляции или удельное сопротивление поверхности.
[ ГОСТ Р 50030. 1-2000 ( МЭК 60947-1-99)]EN
pollution
any condition of foreign matter, solid, liquid or gaseous (ionized gases), that may affect dielectric strength or surface resistivity
[IEC 60947-1, ed. 5.0 (2007-06)]
pollution
any addition of foreign matter, solid, liquid or gaseous that can produce a permanent reduction of dielectric strength or surface resistivity of the insulation
NOTE – Ionized gases of a temporary nature are not considered as to be a pollution.
[IEV number 442-01-28]
contamination
the first is defined as area and the second as particulate. The first is caused by surface contaminants that cannot be removed by cleaning or are stained after cleaning. Those may be foreign matter on the surface of, for example a localized area that is smudged, stained, discoloured, mottled, etc., or large areas exhibiting a hazy or cloudy appearance resulting from a film of foreign materials
[IEC 62276, ed. 1.0 (2005-05)]FR
pollution
tout apport de matériau étranger solide, liquide ou gazeux (gaz ionisés) qui peut entraîner une réduction de la rigidité diélectrique ou de la résistivité de la surface
[IEC 60947-1, ed. 5.0 (2007-06)]
pollution
tout apport de matériau étranger solide, liquide ou gazeux qui peut entraîner une réduction permanente de la rigidité diélectrique ou de la résistivité de surface de l'isolation
NOTE – Les gaz ionisés de nature fugace ne sont pas considérés comme une pollution.
[IEV number 442-01-28]
Тематики
Обобщающие термины
EN
DE
FR
засор
Ндп. намыв
Дефект в виде формовочного материала, внедрившегося в поверхностные слои отливки, захваченного потоками жидкого металла.
[ ГОСТ 19200-80]Недопустимые, нерекомендуемые
Тематики
Обобщающие термины
EN
DE
FR
Немецко-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > Verschmutzung
-
116 Deckschicht
-
117 Eisfläche
-
118 Wasseroberfläche
-
119 Auflagefläche
-
120 Gleitfläche
f <tech.allg> ■ slide surface; sliding surfacef <wz.masch> (Bahn, Schiene) ■ slideway
См. также в других словарях:
surface — [ syrfas ] n. f. • 1611; superface 1521; lat. superficies → superficie; de sur et face 1 ♦ Partie extérieure (d un corps), qui le limite en tous sens. ⇒ face. La surface de la Terre, la surface terrestre. À la surface du sol. « une surface pure… … Encyclopédie Universelle
Surface — Sur face , n. [F. See {Sur }, and {Face}, and cf. {Superficial}.] 1. The exterior part of anything that has length and breadth; one of the limits that bound a solid, esp. the upper face; superficies; the outside; as, the surface of the earth; the … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
surface — [sʉr′fis] n. [Fr < sur (see SUR 1) + face,FACE, based on L superficies] 1. a) the outer face, or exterior, of an object b) any of the faces of a solid c) the area or extent of such a face … English World dictionary
surface — 1610s, from Fr. surface outermost boundary of anything, outside part (16c.), from O.Fr. sur above + face (see FACE (Cf. face)). Patterned on L. superficies surface (see SUPERFICIAL (Cf. superficial)). The verb meaning come to the surface is first … Etymology dictionary
surface — ► NOUN 1) the outside part or uppermost layer of something. 2) the upper limit of a body of liquid. 3) outward appearance as distinct from less obvious aspects. ► ADJECTIVE 1) relating to or occurring on the surface. 2) (of transportation) by sea … English terms dictionary
Surface — Sur face, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Surfaced}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Surfacing}.] 1. To give a surface to; especially, to cause to have a smooth or plain surface; to make smooth or plain. [1913 Webster] 2. To work over the surface or soil of, as ground, in … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
surface — [adj] external apparent, covering, depthless, exterior, facial, outer, outside, outward, shallow, shoal, superficial, top; concepts 485,583 Ant. central, core, inside, interior, middle surface [n] external part of something area, cover, covering … New thesaurus
surface — Surface. subst. f. L exterieur, le dehors d un corps. Surface platte, unie, raboteuse. la surface de la terre … Dictionnaire de l'Académie française
Surface — Sur face, v. i. 1. To rise from the depths of a liquid to the surface; as, the submarine surfaced to recharge its batteries. [PJC] 2. To become known or public; said of information. [PJC] 3. To show up, as a person who was in hiding; as, he… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
Surface — (fr., spr. Sürfahs), die Oberfläche … Pierer's Universal-Lexikon
surface — index bare, cursory, dimension, emerge, issue (send forth), ostensible, side, superficial … Law dictionary