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41 ὀρούω
A : [tense] fut. : [tense] aor.ὤρουσα Pi.O.9.102
, A.Eu. 113 ; [dialect] Ep.ὄρουσα Il. 2.310
, Hes.Sc. 437, part.ὀρούσας Il.11.359
, E.IT 297: (cf. ὄρνυμι):— dart, rush forward, Hom., both of men and things (v. infr.): Hom. always joins it with words expressing motion to a place,ἐς δίφρον ὀρούσας Il.11.359
;ἐς βυσσὸν ὄρουσεν 24.80
;πρός ῥα πλατάνιστον ὄ. 2.310
;ἐπ' ἀλλήλοισιν ὄρουσαν 14.401
, Hes.Sc. 412, 436, cf. Theoc.6.13 ; or motion from a place,αἰχμὴ ἀπὸ χειρὸς ὄρουσεν Il.13.505
, al., cf. Hes.Sc. 437 ; ;ἐκ τάξεων ὤρουσε E.Ph. 1237
;μόσχους ὀρούσας ἐς μέσας Id.IT 297
;ὤρουον ἄλλος ἄλλοσε Id.HF 972
: c. acc. cogn.,πήδημ' ὀρούσας A.Ag. 826
; simply, move,ὀ. βραδέως Archestr.Fr.24.3
: metaph., (lyr.);ὡς ὀρούσῃ πρὸς δίκας ἀγῶνα Id.El. 1441
(lyr.);πρὸς θάνατον ὀρούειν Philem.214
.2 c. gen. objecti, rush at, strive after, Pi.P.10.61.3 c. inf., to be eager to do, Id.O.9.102.4 generally, rise, tower,ἐκ.. κεφαλῆς δίδυμον κέρας ἰθὺς ὀρούει Opp.C.3.474
.—Poet. Verb, [dialect] Ep., Lyr., and Trag., once in Ar. (Fr. 523, in prov., πέρδιξ ὄρουσον 'look sharp') and once in Philem.l.c. -
42 ἵημι
ἵημι, ἵησι, 3 pl. ἱεῖσι, inf. ι̌̄έμεναι, part. ἱέντες, ἱεῖσαι, imp. ἵει, ipf. ἵει, 3 pl. ἵεν, fut. ἥσω, aor. ἧκα, ἕηκα, 3 pl. ἧκαν and ἕσαν, subj. ᾗσιν, opt. εἵην, inf. εἷναι, mid. pres. ἵεται, imp. ἵεσθε, part. ι̌̄̒εμενος, ipf. ἵετο, ἵεντο, aor. 3 pl. ἕντο: let go, i. e. set in motion of any sort.—I. act., send, ἄγγελόν τινι, Il. 18.182; put to anything, as harness, Il. 16.152; throw, let fly, μετὰ (adv.) δ' ἶὸν ἕηκεν, ‘in among them,’ Il. 1.48; so ‘let fall’ anything, as tears, a sword from the hand, ‘let down’ the hair, ‘let on’ water, Il. 12.25, and of the river itself ‘rolling’ its waters (thus, intrans., Od. 11.239, Od. 7.130); metaph., of ‘dismissing,’ i. e. by satisfying, a desire, ἔρον, Il. 13.638; ‘inspiring’ one with force, Il. 5.125; ‘laying’ misfortune on one, Il. 10.71. The applications of the word are very numerous, but always distinct if the fundamental signification be held in mind. The ground-meaning, as may be seen from the examples, usually gets a specific turn from the context, esp. by means of adverbs (ἐν, ἐξ, κατά, μετά, etc.).—II. mid., set oneself in motion at something ( τινός), ἱέμενος ποταμοῖο ῥοάων, ‘giving thyself a direction’ toward Oceanus, Od. 10.529; so ‘press on,’ ‘hasten,’ Il. 13.707, Il. 12.274; met., with and without θῦμῷ, ‘strive after’ ( τινός), ‘be eager,’ Il. 23.371 ; θῦμός, Il. 8.301; freq. phrase, ἐπεὶ πόσιος καὶ ἐδητύος ἐξ ἔρον ἕντο, had dismissed ‘from themselves,’ Il. 1.469, Od. 1.150.A Homeric dictionary (Greek-English) (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ομηρικό λεξικό) > ἵημι
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43 ποθέω
ποθέω (cognate w. θέσσασθαι ‘pray for’, s. Boisacq 342, 799; Schwyzer I 719) 1 aor. ἐπόθησα (s. two next entries; Hom. et al.; LXX; TestSol 1:3 L; Test12Patr, Philo, Jos., Just., Mel.) to have a strong desire for, desire, wish (for), be anxious, strive after τὶ someth. (Pr 7:15; TestIss 2:5; SibOr 5, 420; Philo, De Jos. 90 ἀλήθειαν; Jos., Ant. 2, 65; Just., A I, 5, 4; Mel., P. 38, 261) D 4:3 (codd. and Lake; Bihlmeyer and many edd. ποιήσεις, cp. B 19:12); Dg 10:1. Foll. by the aor. inf. (Philo, Fuga 8 μαθεῖν; Jos., Vi. 204; Just., D. 2, 3) B 16:10; Dg 3:1. τὰ παρὰ θεῷ ποθούμενα what is desirable in the sight of God 12:8.—DELG. -
44 ὑψηλός
ὑψηλός, ή, όν (Hom.+)① pert. to considerable extension upward, tall, high, lit. ὄρος a high mountain (Epicurus in Diog. L. 10, 103; Diod S 14, 99, 1; Ezk 40:2; PsSol 11:4; TestLevi 2:5) Mt 4:8; 17:1; Mk 9:2; Lk 4:5 v.l.; Rv 21:10. τεῖχος (JosAs 2:17; cp. Jos., Ant. 20, 191) vs. 12 (in both places w. μέγα). ὑψηλὸν σπήλαιον a lofty cave B 11:4 (Is 33:16). Also of human or human-like figures tall (Dio Chrys. 71 [21], 1 νεανίσκος; Plut., Aemil. Paul. 264 [18, 3]; Jdth 16:6; on motif of tallness in lit. s. Leutzsch, Hermas 479f n. 194) Hs 8, 1, 2; 9, 3, 1; ὑψ. τῷ μεγέθει 9, 6, 1.—Comp. ὑψηλότερος w. gen. of comparison (Lucian, Nigrin. 25; En 26:3; TestAbr B) Hs 9, 2, 1. ὑψηλότερος τῶν οὐρανῶν γενόμενος raised to greater heights than the heavens Hb 7:26 (DSilva, DLNT 360f). Moses stands on two shields ὑψηλότερος πάντων B 12:2.—μετὰ βραχίονος ὑψηλοῦ Ac 13:17; cp. 1 Cl 60:3 (s. βραχίων).—Subst. (PsSol 11:2 στῆθι, Ιερουσαλημ, ἐφʼ ὑψηλοῦ; Appian, Liby. 130 §620 ἐφʼ ὑψηλοῦ=on a high place, Bell. Civ. 3, 28 §110 τὰ ὑψηλά=the high places; likew. Diod S 20, 29, 9) τὰ ὑψηλά the height(s) (GrBar 4:10; Sb 6797, 33 [255/254 B.C.])=heaven ἐν ὑψηλοῖς on high (Ps 92:4; 112:5, cp. vs. 4) Hb 1:3.② pert. to being arrogant, exalted, proud, haughty, fig. ext. of 1, subst. τὸ ἐν ἀνθρώποις ὑψηλόν what is considered exalted among humans Lk 16:15. ὑψηλὰ φρονεῖν cherish proud thoughts, feel proud (Quint. Smyrn. [IV A.D.] 2, 327) Ro 11:20; 1 Ti 6:17 v.l. (ὑψ. φρονεῖν=‘think lofty thoughts’: Lucian, Herm. 5; Philo, Ebr. 128). τὰ ὑψηλὰ φρονεῖν strive after things that are (too) high, be too ambitious, prob. ‘don’t be a social climber’ Ro 12:16 (cp. Palaeph., Exc. Vat. p. 94, 6; 1 Km 2:3, and on the contrast ὑψ. … ταπεινός: Περὶ ὕψους 43, 3). οἱ ὑψηλοί the proud, the haughty, the high and mighty (sing.: Philo, Mos. 1, 31) 1 Cl 59:3; B 19:6; D 3:9.③ pert. to being of high quality, noble, sublime the neut. of the comp. as adv. (Περὶ ὕψους 43, 3), ὀφείλομεν πλουσιώτερον καὶ ὑψηλότερον προσάγειν τῷ φόβῳ αὐτοῦ B 1:7, here either in a good sense, of richer and higher progress in the fear of God, or (more prob. in view of the thematic connection w. ch. 2 w. focus on appropriate sacrifice): we ought to make a costlier and more sublime sacrifice in the fear of God.—B. 852. DELG s.v. ὕψι 4. M-M. -
45 διώκω
διώκω impf. ἐδίωκον; fut. διώξω (B-D-F §77); 1 aor. ἐδίωξα, pass. ἐδιώχθην; pf. pass. ptc. δεδιωγμένος (Hom.+)① to move rapidly and decisively toward an objective, hasten, run, press on (Il. 23, 344; Aeschyl., Sept. 91; X., An. 6, 5, 25; Hg 1:9; Is 13:14; Philo, Virt. 30 διώκουσι καὶ ἐπιτρέχουσιν) κατὰ σκοπόν toward the goal Phil 3:14; cp. vs. 12 (on the combination w. καταλαμβάνω cp. Hdt. 9, 58, 4; Lucian, Herm. 77; Sir 11:10; La 1:3 v.l.).② to harass someone, esp. because of beliefs, persecute (OGI 532, 25) τινά someone (1 Macc 5:22; En 99:14; Jos., Ant. 12, 272; apolog.) Mt 5:11f, 44; 10:23; Lk 11:49; 21:12; J 5:16; 15:20; Ac 7:52; 9:4f; 22:4, 7f; 26:11, 14f; Ro 12:14; 1 Cor 4:12; 15:9; Gal 1:13, 23; 4:29; Phil 3:6; Rv 12:13; AcPl Ha 11:17f; D 1:3; 16:4; B 20:2; Dg 7:5; ἐν θανάτῳ δ. persecute to death B 5:11. Pass. (Lucian, D. Mar. 9, 1) Mt 5:10 (=Pol. 2:3); 2 Cor 4:9; Gal 5:11; 6:12; 2 Ti 3:12; IMg 8:2; ITr 9:1; 1 Cl 4:13; 5:2; 6:2; 45:4; Dg 5:11, 17. Of plots against Joseph 1 Cl 4:9.③ to cause to run or set in motion, drive away, drive out (Od. 18, 409; Hdt. 9, 77, 2a μέχρι Θεσσαλίης, 2b ἐκ τ. γῆς, 3; POxy 943, 5; BGU 954, 7–9 ὅπως διώξῃς ἀπʼ ἐμοῦ τ. δαίμονα [VI A.D.?, Christ.]; Cat. Cod. Astr. VIII/2 p. 174, 20); w. ἐκ Mt 10:23 v.l. (cp. our ‘run someone out of town’); w. ἀπό 23:34 (δ. εἴς τι as Appian, Bell. Civ. 2, 14 §52).④ to follow in haste in order to find someth., run after, pursueⓐ lit. μηδὲ διώξητε do not run after (them) Lk 17:23 (cp. X., Mem. 2, 8, 6; SIG 1168, 112).ⓑ fig. pursue, strive for, seek after, aspire to someth. (Thu. 2, 63, 1 τιμάς; Pla., Gorg. 482e ἀλήθειαν; Dio Chrys. 60 + 61 [77 + 78], 26 πλούτους; Ael. Aristid. 29, 1 K.=40 p. 751 D.; Is 5:11; Hos 6:3; Sir 31:5; Philo, Somn. 1, 199 ἡδονὴν δ.; Jos., Ant. 6, 263 τὸ δίκαιον) δικαιοσύνην (Pr 15:9) uprightness Ro 9:30; 1 Ti 6:11; 2 Ti 2:22; 2 Cl 18:2. νόμον δικαιοσύνης Ro 9:31 (cp. 2 Esdr 9:4); hospitality 12:13. Pursue what makes for peace 14:19; cp. Hb 12:14.—OT citation: 1 Pt 3:11 (Ps 33:15); 1 Cl 22:5; cp. 2 Cl 10:2.—Love 1 Cor 14:1; virtue (Maximus Tyr. 15, 7c) 2 Cl 10:1; what is good (Alex. Aphr., An. Mant. II/1 p. 155, 31 δ. τὸ καλόν) 1 Th 5:15.—διώκοντες ἀνταπόδομα in pursuit of recompense D 5:2 = B 20:2 (Is 1:23); cp. 2 Cl 20:4.—B. 700. DELG. M-M. TW. Sv. -
46 μῶμαι
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `strive, try, desire' (poet.).Other forms: 3. sg. μῶται (Epich.), 3. pl. μῶνται (Euph. [IIIa]), opt. μῳ̃το (Stob.; El. μαῖτο?, Fraenkel Nom. ag. 1, 45, Bechtel Dial. 2, 854), inf. μῶσθαι (Thgn.), ptc. μώμενος (A., S.), aor. ἐμώσατο εὗρεν, ἐτεχνάσατο, ἐζήτησεν H.Derivatives: μῶσις f. `searching' (Corn.).Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: Whether the primary μῶμαι is an athematic formation or a yot-present cannot be established (cf. Schwyzer 675 n. 8). There is little support for the supposition of Bechtel (Lex. s. μαιμάω), that μῶμαι goes back on a lost perfect. The hapax ἐμώσατο is an innovation to μῶμαι. Connection with the reduplicated μαι-μά-ω and the ambiguous μαίομαι (s. vv.) is possible; here also after Fick 1, 507 Lat. mōs `habit', after Prellwitz BB 26, 309ff. Germ., e.g. Goth. moÞs ' Mut, anger'. More, also quite hypothetic combinations in WP. 2, 238f., Pok. 704f., W.-Hofmann s. mōs.Page in Frisk: 2,Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > μῶμαι
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47 μαστεύω
Aμαστευέμεν Pi.P.3.59
: poet. [tense] aor. μάστευσα ib.4.35:—seek, search after, c. acc. pers. vel rei,τὴν μαστεύων Hes.Fr.79.4
;μαστεύων σε κιγλάνω μόλις E.Hel. 597
; ἄλλον ἄλλη μ. [Epich.] 298, cf. IG42(1).122.22 (Epid.); [ χώραν] X.An.5.6.25; τὰ φεύγοντα διώκειν καὶ μ. ib.7.3.11; crave, need,τὰ ἐοικότα πὰρ δαιμόνων μ. Pi.P.3.59
; .2 c. inf., seek, strive to do, Pi.P.4.35, N.8.43, X.An.3.1.43, Cyr.2.2.22;τὸν.. παῖδα μ. μαθεῖν, εἰ μηκέτ' εἴη E.Ph. 36
:—[voice] Med., Aesar. ap. Stob. 1.49.27, Philostr.Jun.Im.17:—[voice] Pass., ἁδονὰ σφοδρότερον -ομένα Metop. ap. Stob.3.1.115.—Poet. word (Hom. uses only ματεύω), also used by X., and in late Prose, Nic.Dam.4 J., etc.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > μαστεύω
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48 ματεύω
Aἐμάτευσα Pi.O.5.24
:—= μαστεύω, abs., seek, search, ἐγγὺς ἀνήρ, οὐ δηθὰ ματεύσομεν Il.l.c.;οἴκοθεν μάτευε Pi.N.3.31
, cf. S.OC 211 (lyr.).2 c. acc., seek for, search after, , cf. Ch. 219, S.Ph. 1210 (lyr.), Ichn.13, etc.;θάνατον εὑρέμεν μ. ἐλάφῳ Simon.30
(cj.).3 c. inf., seek, strive to do,μὴ ματεύσῃ θεὸς γενέσθαι Pi.O.5.24
, cf. S.OT 1052.4 c. acc. loci, search, explore, ; ;τὰ χωρία Theoc.21.65
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49 φιλοτιμέομαι
A- ηθήσομαι D.S.11.18
codd.: [tense] aor.ἐφιλοτιμήθην X.Mem.2.9.3
, Pl.La. 182b, Isoc.4.44, Is.2.42; later,ἐφιλοτιμησάμην Plb.20.8.2
, Ael.VH3.1 (writtenἐφιλοτειμήσετο Ephes.3
No.13): [tense] pf.πεφιλοτίμημαι D.42.24
, Porph. ap. Stob.2.1.32:—[tense] pf. in pass. sense, Aristid.1.446 J.: ([etym.] φιλότιμος):— love or seek after honour, Pl.Alc.2.146a, Is. l. c., D.20.103, etc.: hence, to be ambitious, emulous, Ar.Ra. 281; φ. ὅτι .. to be jealous because.., X.An.1.4.7, Lys. 14.21; φ. πρὸς ἀλλήλους, πρὸς τοὺς ἄλλους, vie emulously with, rival, Pl.Smp. 178e, Phdr. 234a, cf. Lys.29.14.2 the object of ambition, etc., is mostly added with a Prep., φ. ἐπί τινι to place one's fame in a thing, glory or pride oneself upon it, Pl.R. 553d, X.Mem.2.6.12, Lys.14.42;ἐπὶ τοῖς πεπραγμένοις Isoc.3.46
, al.; ;ὑπὲρ τῆς δόξης Isoc.8.93
; περὶ τῶν καλῶν contend in rivalry for, Plu.2.760c; περὶ τὴν θήραν, δεῖπνα, D.S.3.18, Plu.Phil.9;ἀφ' ἑτέρων ἀρετῶν Id.2.819c
: c. neut. pron. in acc.,πρὸς ἃ ἐγὼ φιλοτιμοῦμαι X.HG1.6.5
: c. acc. cogn.,φ. φιλοτιμίας ἀκάρπους Plu.2.830e
;τὴν ἀγαθὴν ἔριν J.BJ1.10.5
; φ. πρὸς τὴν πόλιν show patriotic zeal for.., Lycurg.140, cf. IG22.1176.26, etc.;εἰς τὴν αὔξησιν D.S.1.50
, cf. 25, D.L.4.44, Aristid. l. c.II c. inf., strive eagerly to do a thing, endeavour earnestly, aspire,οἳ πάνυ ἂν φιλοτιμηθεῖεν φίλῳ σοι χρῆσθαι X.Mem.2.9.3
, cf. Oec.21.6, PPetr.3p.115 (iii B. C.), PCair.Zen.578.2(iii B. C.), etc.; : c. part.,φ. ἐλέγχων Id.R. 336c
, cf. X.Eq.Mag. 9.6: c. acc. et inf., to be anxious that.., ib.1.25: c. acc.,ἀεὶ ἕν γέ τι φιλοτιμούμενος Id.Oec.4.24
: withὅπως, καλῶς ἂν ποιήσαις φιλοτιμηθεὶς ὅπως ἂν παρὰ τοῦ Θεοδώρου λάβῃς τὰ ἐπιστόλια PCair.Zen.41.19
(iii B. C.), cf. PMich.Zen.6.3 (iii B. C.).III c. dat. rei, present with a thing, χρήμασί τινας v. l. in Procop.Goth.1.5: but c. acc. rei, lavish upon,τινί τι Aristaenet.1.1
;πόλεμος.. νίκας ἀδίκους φ. Chor.35.71
p.410F.-R.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > φιλοτιμέομαι
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50 φιλότιμος
φῐλότῑμ-ος, ον,A loving honour or distinction, ambitious, mostly in bad sense (cf. Pl.R. 347b, Arist.EN 1125b9), E.Ph. 567;τὸ μαντικὸν πᾶν σπέρμα φ. κακόν Id.IA 520
; joined with φιλοχρήματος, Pl.Phd. 68c; with φιλόνικος, Id.R. 551a, etc.; also in good sense,φ. καὶ ἐλευθέριος X.Mem.2.3.16
;φ. καὶ μεγαλόψυχοι Isoc.9.3
:—with abstr. Nouns (in both senses), (lyr.); ; (lyr.);αἱ φ. τῶν φύσεων X.Oec.13.9
;βίος Lys. 2.16
; ; φ. ἐπί τινι emulous in regard to, eager for distinction in.., ἐπὶ σοφία, ἐπ' ἀρετῇ, Id.Prt. 343c, Lg. 744e;περὶ τἀναγκαῖα φιλοτιμότατος Plb.9.20.6
;ἱππικὸν φιλοτιμότερον πρὸς ἀλλήλους περὶ ἀνδραγαθίας X.Eq.Mag.9.3
: c. inf., φιλοτιμότατοι καλόν τι ποιεῖν ib.2.2: c. acc. modi, τὰς ψυχὰς -ότεροι ib.7.3;- ότεροι τὰ ἤθη Arist.Rh. 1391a22
: τὸ φ., = φιλοτιμία, E.IA22 (dub. l., anap.), 342 (troch.), Th.2.44, Pl.Lg. 841c, etc.2 prodigal, lavish,λαμπρὸς καὶ φ. D.21.159
; munificent, generous, πρός τινα Aristeas 227· περὶ ξένους Plu.Crass.3
.3 φιλότιμος, title of an official member of a guild or corporation at Histria,γερουσίας φ.
Analele Acad.Române38.596
(pl.); so at Tomi,ὁ προστάτης καὶ δισφύλαρχος καὶ φ. Dacia1.273
.4 neut. pl., gifts, endowments,τὴν μὲν τοῖς ἑαυτῆς φ. κεκόσμηκεν Ἀφροδίτη Aristaenet.1.10
.II Adv.- μως
ambitiously, emulously,Lys.
16.18, Is.7.39; φ. πρός τινα ἔχειν to vie emulously with.., Pl.Chrm. 162c;πρὸς ἀλλήλους Isoc.4.85
; φ. ἔχειν πρός τι to strive, exert oneself eagerly after a thing, X.Cyr.1.6.26, etc.;τὰ λοιπὰ συσπεύσας φ.
zealously,PCair.Zen.
62 (b) 8(iii B. C.);φ. πρὸς τοὺς λόγους διακεῖσθαι Isoc. 15.277
; with public spirit, generously, IG22.505.35, etc.: [comp] Comp.φιλοτιμότερον Lys.16.20
, PTeb.23.10 (ii B. C.); or- οτέρως Isoc.9.5
: [comp] Sup.- ότατα Plu.Caes.3
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51 ἐπιθύω
A sacrifice upon, h.Ap.491 (tm.); sacrifice besides or after,τέλεον νεαροῖς ἐπιθύσας A.Ag. 1504
;ἐπὶ δ' ἔθυσα μητέρα E.Or. 562
:—[voice] Med., Νέρωνι Τάλβαν ἐ. Plu.Galb.14, cf. Marc.29, Artem.1.12.II. burn incense, LXX3 Ki.12.33, J.BJ7.3.3, D.S.12.11, 18.61, Porph.Abst.2.59;λιβανωτόν D.S.18.61
, v.l. in Ar.Pl. 1116: generally, offer on,ἐπὶ τοῦ βωμοῦ τὰς δεκάτας D.H.1.40
codd.------------------------------------ἐπῑθύω [(B)],A rush eagerly at,ὡς ἂν ἐπιθύσαντες ἑλοίμεθα Od.16.297
: c.gen.,ἐπιθύουσι βοῶν λίες Euph.35a
: c.dat., Opp.C.1.281, 385.2. c.inf., strive vehemently to do a thing,ἐρύσσασθαι.. Τρῶες ἐπιθύουσι Il. 18.175
;θυμὸς ἐπιθύει κιθαρίζειν h.Merc. 475
;δεδαῆσθαι A.R.2.1154
;κύσσαι.. στόμα Id.1.1238
:—[voice] Med., rush upon, flood, Νεῖλος ἐπεθύσατο (sic) αὔλακι γαίης Epic.Anon.in BKT5(1).119. (Prob. a compound of ἰθύω [pron. full] [ῠ], with [pron. full] ῡ metri gr.: taken as ἐπῐ-θύω by Epic.Anon. l.c.) -
52 ὀριγνάομαι
A- ήσομαι D.C.41.53
: [tense] aor.ὠριγνήθην Antipho Soph. 21
, Isoc.Ep.6.9 :—stretch oneself, like ὀρέγομαι, ἔγχεσιν ἠδ' ἐλάτῃς αὐτοσχεδὸν ὠριγνῶντο they fought with outstretched spears, Hes.Sc. 190.2 c. gen., stretch oneself after a thing, aim at, grasp at,ὅτε.. θηρῶν ὀριγνῷτο E.Ba. 1255
;ποίας δόξης Isoc.
l. c.;τελαμῶνος Theoc.24.44
;κερδέων Herod.7.37
; ;τοῦ πλείονος Socr.Ep.29
, D.C.l.c.; aim at, strive, c. inf.,κενῶσαι τελέως Gal. 11.363
;νικῆσαι Id.10.5
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53 ἀ̄χήν
ἀ̄χήν, - ῆνοςGrammatical information: m.Meaning: `poor' Theocr.).Dialectal forms: Ion.-Att. ἠχῆνες κενοί, πτωχοί H.Compounds: κτεαν-ήχης πένης H.Derivatives: ἀχηνία `poverty, lack' (A.), with short α- after the negation. Other formation in ἀχηνεῖς κενοί H.; verb ἠχ-άνω πτωχεύω Suid. (read *ἰ̄χάνω ?, s. below). Also ἀχαιος (IG 3, 1385)?Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: One connects ἰ̄χανάω `desire' (Hom.); not with ἴχαρ (A.) which has short ι-. In Indo-Iranian seem to correspond Skt. ī́hate `desire', Av. izyeiti `strive, long for', and Av. āzi- m. `desire' etc. Cf. Wackernagel Verm. Beiträge 11f. This could continue *h₂eh₂ǵh- with *h₂i-h₂h₂ǵh-. But if Av. aēzah `desire' belongs there (*Heiǵh-), Mayrhofer EWAia 1, 273, the Greek form cannot be connected. - Toch. A ākāl, B akālk `desire' are now supposed to be Iranian loans. - Szemerényi, Gnomon 43, 1971, 659 proposes that it is indeed from ἀ-εχ-; doubtful. If an IE etym. is unknown, the word might be Pre-Gr. (Chantr. Form. 166: "vocabulaire technique et populaire"; "cette fois encore il semble s'e:tre produit une collision entre un suffixe indo-européen et une finale méditerranéenne"; IE adjectives in - ην, - ηνος are hardly known, ibid.); but the suffix is well-known in Pre-Gr., Fur. 172 n. 118 (cf. ἀτμήν).Page in Frisk: 1,200Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀ̄χήν
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54 σπεύδω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `to hurry, to hasten, to strive, to exert oneself', trans. `to drive, to quicken, to ply, to aspire after'.Other forms: Aor. σπεῦσαι, fut. σπεύσομαι (Il.), σπεύσω (E. a.o.), σπευσίω (Cret.), perf. ἔσπευκα (hell.), rare midd. σπεύ-δομαι (A.), pass. ἔσπευσμαι (late),Compounds: Also w. prefix, e.g. ἐπι-, κατα-, συ-. Compp., e.g. κενό-σπουδ-ος `seriously prosecuting frivolities' with - έω, - ία (hell.). -- 2. κατάσπευ-σις (: κατα-σπεύδω) f. `hurry' (Thd.; σπεῦσις Gloss.), σπευσ-τός (Phryn.), - τικός ( ἐπι-) `hurried' (Arist., Eust.).Derivatives: 1. σπουδ-ή f. `haste, zeal, labour, seriousness, good will' (Il.), with - αῐος `zealous, striving, serious, good' (IA) with - αιότης f. (Pl. Def., LXX a. o.), -ᾱξ ἀλετρίβανος H. (cf. below); - άζω ( ἐπι-, κατα-, συ- a. o.) `to be quick, to carry on seriously, etc.' (IA) with - ασμα, - ασμάτιον, - ασμός, - αστής, - αστός, - αστικός.Etymology: Through the maintenance of the ου-diphthong σπουδή proves to be an old derivation (cf. Schwyzer 347); the primary σπεύδω on the opposite has resisted any vowelchange. -- Good formal and semantic agreement shows Lith. spáusti (\< *spáud-ti), with pres. spáudžiu `press, squeeze', also `push, drive on', intr. `hutty'. A trace of the meaning `push' has also been supposed in σπούδαξ = ἀλετρίβανος, `pestle of a mortar' (*"oppressor"; Fick BB 29, 197). The inf. spáus-ti can be equated with σπεύδ-ω, but the pres. spáudžiu can as well be an old iterative IE *spoudéiō. With σπουδή agrees formally spaudà f. `pressure, literature'. Beside it with ū-vowel spūdà f. `throng, urgency, pressure' and spūdė́ti `be oppressed, thrust down, pain oneself, meddle'. With zero grade also Alb. punë `work, business', if from * spud-nā. Arm. p'oyt`, gen. p'ut`oy (o-stem) `zeal' however gives problems both in the an- and auslaut; cf. Lidén GHÅ 39 [1933]: 2, 49; also Hiersche Ten. aspiratae 237. -- Hypothetic further combinations with rich lit. in WP. 2, 659, Pok. 998 f. (esp. Szemerényi ZDMG 101, 205ff.) and Fraenkel s. spaudà; older lit. also in Bq.Page in Frisk: 2,765Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > σπεύδω
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55 σφύζω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `to beat violently', of the pulse, `to twitch, to rush to something' (Hp., Pl., Arist., Thphr. a.o.).Other forms: Dor. (Theoc.) σφύσδω, only pres. a. ipf.Derivatives: σφυγ-μός m. `pulse-beat, heartbeat, twitch' (Hp., Arist., Plu. a.o.) with - μώδης and - ματώδης (as if from *σφύγμα) `twitching like a pulse' (Arist., medic. a.o.). - μικός `of the pulse' (medic.); σφύξις f. `id.' (Arist., Gal.). Privative formation ἄ-σφυκ-τος `without pulse-beat, easy' with - τέω, ἀσφυξ-ία; also ἀ-σφυγμ-ία f. (medic.). Newly formed present σφύττω `to strive eagerly' (D. Chr.).Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: Expressive present, in form and meaning resembling σφαδάζω, σπεύδω a.o.; s. the rather fruitless considerations by Persson Beitr. 1, 415 f. (after him Bq. WP. 2, 659, Pok. 998f.).Page in Frisk: 2,834Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > σφύζω
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