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101 ἑαυτοῦ
ἑαυτοῦ, ῆς, οῦ, pl. ἑαυτῶν, reflexive pron. (Hom.+; JosAs 7:6 [oft. cod. A; 3:2 αὐτοῦ]). Editors variously replace contract forms αὑτοῦ and αὑτῶν of later mss. w. uncontracted forms or w. αὐτοῦ, αὐτῶν; cp., e.g., the texts of Mk 9:16; Lk 23:12; J 2:24; 20:10; Ac 14:17; Ro 1:24; Eph 2:15; Hb 5:3; 1J 5:10; Rv 8:6; 18:7 in GNT1–3 w. GNT4; s. also Merk’s treatment of these same pass. Cp. the ms. evidence for Phil 3:21 in GNT1–3 w. its absence in GNT4. (W-S. §223 16; B-D-F §64, 1; Mayser 305; I2/2, 65; Rob. 226; Mlt-Turner 190; M-M. s.v. αὑτοῦ; RBorger, TRu 52, ’88, 17–19).① indicator of identity w. the pers. speaking or acting, selfⓐ of the third pers. sing. and pl. ταπεινοῦν ἑαυτόν humble oneself Mt 18:4; 23:12. Opp. ὑψοῦν ἑ. exalt oneself 23:12; δοξάζειν ἑ. glorify oneself Rv 18:7 v.l. ἀπαρνεῖσθαι ἑ. deny oneself 16:24; Mk 8:34 (Mel, P. 26, 181). ἀμάρτυρον ἑ. ἀφεῖναι leave oneself without witness Ac 14:17 v.l.; ἑτοιμάζειν ἑ. prepare oneself Rv 8:6 v.l. εὐνουχίζειν ἑ. make a eunuch of oneself Mt 19:12; σῴζειν ἑ. (Jos., Ant. 10, 137) 27:42; κατακόπτειν ἑ. beat oneself Mk 5:5; πιστεύειν ἑαυτόν τινι J 2:24 v.l. et al.; ἀγοράζειν τι ἑαυτῷ buy someth. for oneself Mt 14:15; Mk 6:36; θησαυρίζων ἑαυτῷ lay up assets for oneself Lk 12:21. ὑποτάσσειν ἑ. Phil 3:21 v.l. W. the middle (cp. X., Mem. 1, 6, 13 ποιεῖσθαι ἑαυτῷ φίλον; Sir 37:8): διεμερίσαντο ἑαυτοῖς they divided among them J 19:24 (Ps 21:19).—The simple dat. may also be used to emphasize the subject as agent (Hdt. 1, 32; Strabo 2, 1, 35; POxy 2351, 49; Ps 26:12; SSol 1:8) βαστάζων ἑαυτῷ τὸν σταυρόν bearing the cross without help J 19:17; ἑαυτοῖς κρίμα λήμψονται they themselves will be responsible for the judgment they are to receive Ro 13:2; οὐκ ἐπαινοῦμεν τοὺς προσιόντας ἑαυτοῖς we do not commend those who take the initiative in advancing themselves MPol 4; cp. στρῶσον σεαυτῷ make your own bed Ac 9:34.—Rydbeck 51–61.—Used esp. w. prep.α. ἀφʼ ἑαυτοῦ (ἀπό 5eα; TestAbr A 19 p. 101, 6 [Stone p. 50]; Just., A I, 43, 8 ἀφʼ ἑαυτοῦ ἑλόμενος τὸ ἀγαθόν; Tat. 17, 4 ἐχθρὸν ἀμυνεῖται): ποιεῖν τι do someth. of one’s own accord J 5:19. λαλεῖν speak on one’s own authority (Diod S 12, 66, 2 ἐκήρυξέ τις ἀφʼ ἑαυτοῦ; i.e. without orders from a higher authority) 7:18; 16:13; λέγειν 11:51; 18:34 v.l. (M. Ant. 11, 19 τοῦτο οὐκ ἀπὸ σαυτοῦ μέλλεις λέγειν). καρπὸν φέρειν bear fruit by itself 15:4. ἱκανὸν εἶναι be competent by oneself 2 Cor 3:5 (ἀφʼ ἑαυτῶν interchanging w. ἐξ ἑαυτῶν; s. also 1aδ). γινώσκειν know by oneself Lk 21:30. κρίνειν judge for oneself 12:57 (ἐξετάζειν Ath. 18, 1).β. διʼ ἑαυτοῦ (POxy 273, 21; PTebt 72, 197; TestJob 16:4): κοινὸς διʼ ἑαυτοῦ unclean in itself Ro 14:14 (EpJer 26; Just., A I, 54, 8; A II, 10, 8; D. 56, 1).γ. ἐν ἑαυτῷ to or in oneself, εὐπαρεπέστατον ἦν ἐν αὑτῷ τὸ ὄρος Hs 9, 1, 10. J 13:32 v.l.; Ro 1:24 v.l.; Eph 2:15 v.l. Otherw. mostly w. verbs of speaking, in contrast to audible utterance; s. διαλογίζομαι 1, εἶπον 6, λέγω 1bζ; otherw. ἔχειν τι ἐν ἑαυτῷ have someth. in oneself (cp. Jdth 10:19; Jos., Ant. 8, 171; Just., D. 8, 2; Ath. 10, 2) J 5:26, 42; 6:53; 17:13; 2 Cor 1:9. Gener., of what takes place in the inner consciousness διαπορεῖν Ac 10:17. Esp. γίνεσθαι ἐν ἑαυτῷ come to one’s senses 12:11 (X., An. 1, 5, 17 ὁ Κλέαρχος ἐν ἑαυτῷ ἐγένετο; Polyb. 1, 49, 8; Chariton 3, 9, 11 ἐν ἑαυτῷ γενόμενος). Also:δ. ἐξ ἑαυτῶν (Soph., El. 343 ἐκ σαυτῆς; Theophr. Fgm. 96 [in Ps.-Demetr. 222] ἐξ αὑτοῦ) of (our) own strength 2 Cor 3:5.ε. εἰς ἑαυτὸν ἔρχεσθαι come to one’s senses Lk 15:17 (Diod S 13, 95, 2; Epict. 3, 1, 15; GrBar 17:3).ζ. καθʼ ἑαυτόν by oneself (X., Mem. 3, 5, 4; Plut., Anton. 940 [54, 1 and 2]; 2 Macc 13:13; Just., D. 4, 5; 74:2; Ath. 15, 2 al.) μένειν live by oneself (in a private house) Ac 28:16. πίστις νεκρά ἐστιν καθʼ ἑαυτήν faith (when it remains) by itself is dead Js 2:17 (Diog. L. 1, 64 from a letter of Solon: religion and lawgivers can do nothing καθʼ ἑαυτά=if they are dependent on themselves alone).—βασιλεία μερισθεῖσα καθʼ ἑαυτῆς a kingdom that is divided against itself Mt 12:25.—μεθʼ ἑαυτοῦ, μεθʼ ἑαυτῶν with oneself, themselves (cp. 1 Km 9:3; 24:3 ἔλαβεν μεθʼ ἑ.) Mt 12:45; 25:3.η. παρʼ ἑαυτῷ τιθέναι τι put someth. aside 1 Cor 16:2 (X., Mem. 3, 13, 3; cp. Jos., Ant. 9, 68 οἴκαδε παρʼ αὑτῷ; Tat. 7, 2 λόγου δύναμις ἔχουσα παρʼ ἑαυτῇ τὸ προγνωστικόν ‘has in itself’).θ. περὶ ἑ. προσφέρειν make offering for himself Hb 5:3. τὰ περι ἑαυτοῦ the passages about himself Lk 24:27.ι. πρὸς ἑαυτὸν προσεύχεσθαι pray to oneself (=in silence) 18:11 (cp. Aristaen., Ep. 1, 6; 2 Macc 11:13; Jos., Ant. 11, 210; Vi. Aesopi G 9 P. πρὸς ἑαυτὸν εἶπεν; 38; Just., D. 62, 2 πρὸς ἑαυτὸν ἔλεγεν ὁ θεός … πρὸς ἑαυτοὺς λέγομεν). ἀπῆλθεν πρὸς ἑαυτόν, θαυμάζων τὸ γέγονος (Peter) went home, (all the while) marveling at what had taken place Lk 24:12 (FNeirynck, ETL 54, ’78, 104–18). ἀπέρχεσθαι πρὸς ἑαυτούς go home J 20:10 v.l. (for αὐτούς, cp. Polyb. 5, 93, 1; Num 24:25; Jos., Ant. 8, 124; s. MBlack, An Aramaic Approach3, ’67, 102f). Lk 23:12 v.l.ⓑ for the first and second pers. pl. (gener. H. Gk.; s. FKälker, Quaest. de elocut. Polyb. 1880, 277; Mlt. 87; B-D-F §64, 1; Mayser 303, w. further lit. in note 3; Rob. 689f) ἑαυτούς = ἡμᾶς αὐτούς (Themistocl., Ep. 15; Jos., Bell. 5, 536; Just., A I, 53, 3; D. 32, 5; 34, 1 al.; Tat. 30, 1; Ath. 12, 1) 1 Cor 11:31. ἐν ἑαυτοῖς = ἐν ἡμῖν αὐτοῖς Ro 8:23; 2 Cor 1:9; =ἐν ὑμῖν αὐτοῖς Ro 11:25 v.l. (En 6:2 ἐκλεξώμεθα ἑαυτοῖς γυναῖκας). διʼ ἑαυτῶν = διʼ ἡμῶν αὐ. 1 Cl 32:4; παρʼ ἑαυτοῖς = παρʼ ὑμῖν αὐτοῖς Ro 11:25 (cp. Just., D. 141, 1 and Tat. 11:2 διʼ ἑαυτούς). ἑαυτοῖς = ὑμῖν αὐτοῖς (cp. En 15:3; TestJob 45:3; TestDan 6:1; Jos., Ant. 4, 190; 8, 277) Mt 23:31; Ro 11:25 v.l.; 1 Cl 47:7.—This replacement of the first and second pers. by the third is very much less common in the sg. (Ps.-Pla., Alc. 2, 143c; Dio Chrys. 30 [47], 6 σὺ … αὑτόν; Aelian, VH 1, 21; Galen, Protr. 10 p. 30, 10 John; Syntipas p. 115, 10 μεθʼ ἑαυτοῦ=with me; TestJob 2:3 διελογιζόμην ἐν ἑαυτῷ; GrBar 17:3 εἰς ἑαυτὸν ἐλθὼν δόξαν ἔφερον τῷ θεῷ. Transjordanian ins: NGG Phil.-Hist. Kl. Fachgr. V n.s. I/1 ’36, p. 3, 1; other exx. in Mlt. 87, n. 2; Mayser 304; Hauser 100), and can hardly be established w. certainty for the NT gener.: s. J 18:34 v.l.; Ro 13:9 v.l.; cp. ISm 4:2 (v.l. ἐμαυτόν); Hv 4, 1, 5 Joly (ἐμαυτῷ B.); Hs 2:1.② marker of reciprocal relationship, for the reciprocal pron. ἀλλήλων, ἀλλήλοις, ἀλλήλους (also in earlier auth., Kühner-G. I 573; pap in Mayser 304; LXX; 4 [6] Esdr [POxy 1010] ἔδονται τὰ(ς) σάρκας αὐτῶν καὶ τὸ αἱμα αὐτῶν πίονται; Tat. 3, 3.—W-S. §22, 13; B-D-F §287; Rob. 690) each other, one another συζητεῖν πρὸς ἑαυτούς Mk 9:16 v.l. (s. VTaylor, Comm. ad. loc.; ASyn. app., w. correction of Tdf. app.); λέγοντες πρὸς ἑαυτούς as they said to each other Mk 10:26; cp. J 12:19 (πρὸς ἑ. as Antig. Car. 39 μάχεσθαι πρὸς αὑτούς; Lucian, Philops. 29, Ver. Hist. 1, 35; Tat. 26, 3 πολεμοῦντες … ἑαυτοῖς ἀλλήλους καθαιρεεῖτε). χαρίζεσθαι ἑαυτοῖς forgive one another Eph 4:32; Col 3:13. νουθετεῖν ἑαυτούς admonish one another vs. 16. εἰρηνεύειν ἐν ἑαυτοῖς live in peace w. one another 1 Th 5:13; τὴν εἰς ἑαυτοὺς ἀγάπην 1 Pt 4:9.③ marker of possession by the pers. spoken of or acting, in place of the possessive pron. his, her (Mayser 304f; Mlt. 87f) Mt 8:22; 21:8; 25:1; Lk 2:39; 9:60; 11:21; 12:36 al. ESchwartz, Index lectionum 1905, 8f; DTabachovitz, Eranos 93, ’55, 76ff; ADihle, Noch einmal ἑαυτῷ: Glotta 39, ’60, 83–92; s. Rydbeck (1a beg.).—DELG. M-M. -
102 ὁ
ὁ, ἡ, τό pl. οἱ, αἱ, τά article, derived fr. a demonstrative pronoun, ‘the’. Since the treatment of the inclusion and omission of the art. belongs to the field of grammar, the lexicon can limit itself to exhibiting the main features of its usage. It is difficult to set hard and fast rules for the employment of the art., since the writer’s style had special freedom of play here—Kühner-G. I p. 589ff; B-D-F §249–76; Mlt. 80–84; Rob. 754–96; W-S. §17ff; Rdm.2 112–18; Abel §28–32; HKallenberg, RhM 69, 1914, 642ff; FVölker, Syntax d. griech. Papyri I, Der Artikel, Progr. d. Realgymn. Münster 1903; FEakin, AJP 37, 1916, 333ff; CMiller, ibid. 341ff; EColwell, JBL 52, ’33, 12–21 (for a critique s. Mlt-H.-Turner III 183f); ASvensson, D. Gebr. des bestimmten Art. in d. nachklass. Epik ’37; RFink, The Syntax of the Greek Article ’53; JRoberts, Exegetical Helps, The Greek Noun with and without the Article: Restoration Qtly 14, ’71, 28–44; HTeeple, The Greek Article with Personal Names in the Synoptic Gospels: NTS 19, ’73, 302–17; Mussies 186–97.① this one, that one, the art. funct. as demonstrative pronounⓐ in accordance w. epic usage (Hes., Works 450: ἡ=this [voice]) in the quot. fr. Arat., Phaenom. 5 τοῦ γὰρ καὶ γένος ἐσμέν for we are also his (lit. this One’s) offspring Ac 17:28.ⓑ ὁ μὲν … ὁ δέ the one … the other (Polyaenus 6, 2, 1 ὁ μὲν … ὁ δὲ … ὁ δε; PSI 512, 21 [253 B.C.]); pl. οἱ μὲν … οἱ δέ (PSI 341, 9 [256 B.C.]; TestJob 29:1) some … others w. ref. to a noun preceding: ἐσχίσθη τὸ πλῆθος … οἱ μὲν ἦσαν σὺν τοῖς Ἰουδαίοις, οἱ δὲ σὺν τοῖς ἀποστόλοις Ac 14:4; 17:32; 28:24; 1 Cor 7:7; Gal 4:23; Phil 1:16f. Also without such a relationship expressed τοὺς μὲν ἀποστόλους, τοὺς δὲ προφήτας, τοὺς δὲ εὐαγγελιστάς Eph 4:11. οἱ μὲν … ὁ δέ Hb 7:5f, 20f. οἱ μὲν … ἄλλοι (δέ) J 7:12. οἱ μὲν … ἄλλοι δὲ … ἕτεροι δέ Mt 16:14. τινὲς … οἱ δέ Ac 17:18 (cp. Pla., Leg. 1, 627a; 2, 658 B.; Aelian, VH 2, 34; Palaeph. 6, 5).—Mt 26:67; 28:17 οἱ δέ introduces a second class; just before this, instead of the first class, the whole group is mentioned (cp. X., Hell. 1, 2, 14, Cyr. 3, 2, 12; KMcKay, JSNT 24, ’85, 71f)= but some (as Arrian, Anab. 5, 2, 7; 5, 14, 4; Lucian, Tim. 4 p. 107; Hesych. Miles. [VI A.D.]: 390 Fgm. 1, 35 end Jac.).ⓒ To indicate the progress of the narrative, ὁ δέ, οἱ δέ but he, but they (lit. this one, they) is also used without ὁ μέν preceding (likew. Il. 1, 43; Pla., X.; also Clearchus, Fgm. 76b τὸν δὲ εἰπεῖν=but this man said; pap examples in Mayser II/1, 1926, 57f) e.g. Mt 2:9, 14; 4:4; 9:31; Mk 14:31 (cp. Just., A II, 2, 3). ὁ μὲν οὖν Ac 23:18; 28:5. οἱ μὲν οὖν 1:6; 5:41; 15:3, 30.—JO’Rourke, Paul’s Use of the Art. as a Pronoun, CBQ 34, ’72, 59–65.② the, funct. to define or limit an entity, event, or stateⓐ w. nounsα. w. appellatives, or common nouns, where, as in Pla., Thu., Demosth. et al., the art. has double significance, specific or individualizing, and generic.א. In its individualizing use it focuses attention on a single thing or single concept, as already known or otherwise more definitely limited: things and pers. that are unique in kind: ὁ ἥλιος, ἡ σελήνη, ὁ οὐρανός, ἡ γῆ, ἡ θάλασσα, ὁ κόσμος, ἡ κτίσις, ὁ θεός (BWeiss [s. on θεός, beg.]), ὁ διάβολος, ὁ λόγος (J 1:1, 14), τὸ φῶς, ἡ σκοτία, ἡ ζωή, ὁ θάνατος etc. (but somet. the art. is omitted, esp. when nouns are used w. preps.; B-D-F §253, 1–4; Rob. 791f; Mlt-Turner 171). ἐν συναγωγῇ καὶ ἐν τῷ ἱερῷ J 18:20.—Virtues, vices, etc. (contrary to Engl. usage): ἡ ἀγάπη, ἡ ἀλήθεια, ἡ ἁμαρτία, ἡ δικαιοσύνη, ἡ σοφία et al.—The individualizing art. stands before a common noun that was previously mentioned (without the art.): τοὺς πέντε ἄρτους Lk 9:16 (after πέντε ἄρτοι vs. 13). τὸ βιβλίον 4:17b (after βιβλίον, vs. 17a), τοὺς μάγους Mt 2:7 (after μάγοι, vs. 1). J 4:43 (40); 12:6 (5); 20:1 (19:41); Ac 9:17 (11); Js 2:3 (2); Rv 15:6 (1).—The individ. art. also stands before a common noun which, in a given situation, is given special attention as the only or obvious one of its kind (Hipponax [VI B.C.] 13, 2 West=D.3 16 ὁ παῖς the [attending] slave; Diod S 18, 29, 2 ὁ ἀδελφός=his brother; Artem. 4, 71 p. 245, 19 ἡ γυνή=your wife; ApcEsdr 6:12 p. 31, 17 μετὰ Μωσῆ … ἐν τῷ ὄρει [Sinai]; Demetr. (?): 722 fgm 7 Jac. [in Eus., PE 9, 19, 4] ἐπὶ τὸ ὄρος [Moriah]) τῷ ὑπηρέτῃ to the attendant (who took care of the synagogue) Lk 4:20. εἰς τὸν νιπτῆρα into the basin (that was there for the purpose) J 13:5. ἰδοὺ ὁ ἄνθρωπο here is this (wretched) man 19:5. ἐκ τῆς παιδίσκης or ἐλευθέρας by the (well-known) slave woman or the free woman (Hagar and Sarah) Gal 4:22f. τὸν σῖτον Ac 27:38. ἐν τῇ ἐπιστολῇ 1 Cor 5:9 (s. ἐπιστολή) τὸ ὄρος the mountain (nearby) Mt 5:1; 8:1; 14:23; Mk 3:13; 6:46; Lk 6:12; 9:28 al.; ἡ πεισμονή this (kind of) persuasion Gal 5:8. ἡ μαρτυρία the (required) witness or testimony J 5:36.—The art. takes on the idea of κατʼ ἐξοχήν ‘par excellence’ (Porphyr., Abst. 24, 7 ὁ Αἰγύπτιος) ὁ ἐρχόμενος the one who is (was) to come or the coming one par excellence=The Messiah Mt 11:3; Lk 7:19. ὁ προφήτης J 1:21, 25; 7:40. ὁ διδάσκαλος τ. Ἰσραήλ 3:10 (Ps.-Clem., Hom. 5, 18 of Socrates: ὁ τῆς Ἑλλάδος διδάσκαλος); cp. MPol 12:2. With things (Stephan. Byz. s.v. Μάρπησσα: οἱ λίθοι=the famous stones [of the Parian Marble]) ἡ κρίσις the (last) judgment Mt 12:41. ἡ ἡμέρα the day of decision 1 Cor 3:13; (cp. Mi 4:6 Mt); Hb 10:25. ἡ σωτηρία (our) salvation at the consummation of the age Ro 13:11.ב. In its generic use it singles out an individual who is typical of a class, rather than the class itself: ὁ ἀγαθὸς ἄνθρωπος Mt 12:35. κοινοῖ τὸν ἄνθρωπον 15:11. ὥσπερ ὁ ἐθνικός 18:17. ὁ ἐργάτης Lk 10:7. ἐγίνωσκεν τί ἦν ἐν τῷ ἀνθρώπῳ J 2:25. τὰ σημεῖα τοῦ ἀποστόλου 2 Cor 12:12. ὁ κληρονόμος Gal 4:1. So also in parables and allegories: ὁ οἰκοδεσπότης Mt 24:43. Cp. J 10:11b, 12. The generic art. in Gk. is often rendered in Engl. by the indef. art. or omitted entirely.β. The use of the art. w. personal names is varied; as a general rule the presence of the art. w. a personal name indicates that the pers. is known; without the art. focus is on the name as such (s. Dssm., BPhW 22, 1902, 1467f; BWeiss, D. Gebr. des Art. b. d. Eigennamen [im NT]: StKr 86, 1913, 349–89). Nevertheless, there is an unmistakable drift in the direction of Mod. Gk. usage, in which every proper name has the art. (B-D-F §260; Rob. 759–61; Mlt-Turner 165f). The ms. tradition varies considerably. In the gospels the art. is usu. found w. Ἰησοῦς; yet it is commonly absent when Ἰ. is accompanied by an appositive that has the art. Ἰ. ὁ Γαλιλαῖος Mt 26:69; Ἰ. ὁ Ναζωραῖος vs. 71; Ἰ. ὁ λεγόμενος Χριστός 27:17, 22. Sim. Μαριὰμ ἡ μήτηρ τοῦ Ἰ. Ac 1:14. The art. somet. stands before oblique cases of indecl. proper names, apparently to indicate their case (B-D-F §260, 2; Rob. 760). But here, too, there is no hard and fast rule.—HTeeple, NTS 19, ’73, 302–17 (synopt.).γ. The art. is customarily found w. the names of countries (B-D-F §261, 4; W-S. § 18, 5 d; Rob. 759f); less freq. w. names of cities (B-D-F §261, 1; 2; Rob. 760; Mlt-Turner 170–72). W. Ἰερουσαλήμ, Ἱεροσόλυμα it is usu. absent (s. Ἱεροσόλυμα); it is only when this name has modifiers that it must have the art. ἡ νῦν Ἰ. Gal 4:25; ἡ ἄνω Ἰ. vs. 26; ἡ καινὴ Ἰ. Rv 3:12. But even in this case it lacks the art. when the modifier follows: Hb 12:22.—Names of rivers have the art. ὁ Ἰορδάνης, ὁ Εὐφράτης, ὁ Τίβερις Hv 1, 1, 2 (B-D-F §261, 8; Rob. 760; Mlt-Turner 172). Likew. names of seas ὁ Ἀδρίας Ac 27:27.δ. The art. comes before nouns that are accompanied by the gen. of a pronoun (μοῦ, σοῦ, ἡμῶν, ὑμῶν, αὐτοῦ, ἑαυτοῦ, αὐτῶν) Mt 1:21, 25; 5:45; 6:10–12; 12:49; Mk 9:17; Lk 6:27; 10:7; 16:6; Ro 4:19; 6:6 and very oft. (only rarely is it absent: Mt 19:28; Lk 1:72; 2:32; 2 Cor 8:23; Js 5:20 al.).ε. When accompanied by the possessive pronouns ἐμός, σός, ἡμέτερος, ὑμέτερος the noun always has the art., and the pron. stands mostly betw. art. and noun: Mt 18:20; Mk 8:38; Lk 9:26; Ac 26:5; Ro 3:7 and oft. But only rarely so in John: J 4:42; 5:47; 7:16. He prefers to repeat the article w. the possessive following the noun ἡ κρίσις ἡ ἐμή J 5:30; cp. 7:6; 17:17; 1J 1:3 al.ζ. Adjectives (or participles), when they modify nouns that have the art., also come either betw. the art. and noun: ἡ ἀγαθὴ μερίς Lk 10:42; τὸ ἅγιον πνεῦμα 12:10; Ac 1:8; ἡ δικαία κρίσις J 7:24 and oft., or after the noun w. the art. repeated τὸ πνεῦμα τὸ ἅγιον Mk 3:29; J 14:26; Ac 1:16; Hb 3:7; 9:8; 10:15. ἡ ζωὴ ἡ αἰώνιος 1J 1:2; 2:25. τὴν πύλην τὴν σιδηρᾶν Ac 12:10. Only rarely does an adj. without the art. stand before a noun that has an art. (s. B-D-F §270, 1; Rob. 777; Mlt-Turner 185f): ἀκατακαλύπτῳ τῇ κεφαλῇ 1 Cor 11:5. εἶπεν μεγάλῃ τῇ φωνῇ Ac 14:10 v.l.; cp. 26:24. κοιναῖς ταῖς χερσίν Mk 7:5 D.—Double modifier τὸ πῦρ τὸ αἰώνιον τὸ ἡτοιμασμένον τῷ διαβόλῳ Mt 25:41. τὸ θυσιαστήριον τὸ χρυσοῦν τὸ ἐνώπιον τοῦ θρόνου Rv 8:3; 9:13. ἡ πόρνη ἡ μεγάλη ἡ καθημένη 17:1.—Mk 5:36 τὸν λόγον λαλούμενον is prob. a wrong rdg. (B has τὸν λαλ., D τοῦτον τὸν λ. without λαλούμενον).—On the art. w. ὅλος, πᾶς, πολύς s. the words in question.η. As in the case of the poss. pron. (ε) and adj. (ζ), so it is w. other expressions that can modify a noun: ἡ κατʼ ἐκλογὴν πρόθεσις Ro 9:11. ἡ παρʼ ἐμοῦ διαθήκη 11:27. ὁ λόγος ὁ τοῦ σταυροῦ 1 Cor 1:18. ἡ ἐντολὴ ἡ εἰς ζωήν Ro 7:10. ἡ πίστις ὑμῶν ἡ πρὸς τὸν θεόν 1 Th 1:8. ἡ διακονία ἡ εἰς τοὺς ἁγίους 2 Cor 8:4.θ. The art. precedes the noun when a demonstrative pron. (ὅδε, οὗτος, ἐκεῖνος) belonging with it comes before or after; e.g.: οὗτος ὁ ἄνθρωπος Lk 14:30; J 9:24. οὗτος ὁ λαός Mk 7:6. οὗτος ὁ υἱός μου Lk 15:24. οὗτος ὁ τελώνης 18:11 and oft. ὁ ἄνθρωπος οὗτος Mk 14:71; Lk 2:25; 23:4, 14, 47. ὁ λαὸς οὗτος Mt 15:8. ὁ υἱός σου οὗτος Lk 15:30 and oft.—ἐκείνη ἡ ἡμέρα Mt 7:22; 22:46. ἐκ. ἡ ὥρα 10:19; 18:1; 26:55. ἐκ. ὁ καιρός 11:25; 12:1; 14:1. ἐκ. ὁ πλάνος 27:63 and oft. ἡ οἰκία ἐκείνη Mt 7:25, 27. ἡ ὥρα ἐκ. 8:13; 9:22; ἡ γῆ ἐκ. 9:26, 31; ἡ ἡμέρα ἐκ. 13:1. ὁ ἀγρὸς ἐκ. vs. 44 and oft.—ὁ αὐτός s. αὐτός 3b.ι. An art. before a nom. noun makes it a vocative (as early as Hom.; s. KBrugman4-AThumb, Griech. Gramm. 1913, 431; Schwyzer II 63f; B-D-F §147; Rob. 769. On the LXX Johannessohn, Kasus 14f.—ParJer 1:1 Ἰερεμία ὁ ἐκλεκτός μου; 7:2 χαῖρε Βαρούχι ὁ οἰκονόμος τῆς πίστεως) ναί, ὁ πατήρ Mt 11:26. τὸ κοράσιον, ἔγειρε Mk 5:41. Cp. Mt 7:23; 27:29 v.l.; Lk 8:54; 11:39; 18:11, 13 (Goodsp, Probs. 85–87); J 19:3 and oft.ⓑ Adjectives become substantives by the addition of the art.α. ὁ πονηρός Eph 6:16. οἱ σοφοί 1 Cor 1:27. οἱ ἅγιοι, οἱ πλούσιοι, οἱ πολλοί al. Likew. the neut. τὸ κρυπτόν Mt 6:4. τὸ ἅγιον 7:6. τὸ μέσον Mk 3:3. τὸ θνητόν 2 Cor 5:4. τὰ ἀδύνατα Lk 18:27. τὸ ἔλαττον Hb 7:7. Also w. gen. foll. τὰ ἀγαθά σου Lk 16:25. τὸ μωρόν, τὸ ἀσθενὲς τοῦ θεοῦ 1 Cor 1:25; cp. vs. 27f. τὸ γνωστὸν τοῦ θεοῦ Ro 1:19. τὰ ἀόρατα τοῦ θεοῦ vs. 20. τὸ ἀδύνατον τοῦ νόμου 8:3. τὰ κρυπτὰ τῆς αἰσχύνης 2 Cor 4:2.β. Adj. attributes whose noun is customarily omitted come to have substantive force and therefore receive the art. (B-D-F §241; Rob. 652–54) ἡ περίχωρος Mt 3:5; ἡ ξηρά 23:15 (i.e. γῆ). ἡ ἀριστερά, ἡ δεξιά (sc. χείρ) 6:3. ἡ ἐπιοῦσα (sc. ἡμέρα) Ac 16:11. ἡ ἔρημος (sc. χώρα) Mt 11:7.γ. The neut. of the adj. w. the art. can take on the mng. of an abstract noun (Thu. 1, 36, 1 τὸ δεδιός=fear; Herodian 1, 6, 9; 1, 11, 5 τὸ σεμνὸν τῆς παρθένου; M. Ant. 1, 1; Just., D. 27, 2 διὰ τὸ σκληροκάρδιον ὑμῶν καὶ ἀχάριστον εἰς αὐτόν) τὸ χρηστὸν τοῦ θεοῦ God’s kindness Ro 2:4. τὸ δυνατόν power 9:22. τὸ σύμφορον benefit 1 Cor 7:35. τὸ γνήσιον genuineness 2 Cor 8:8. τὸ ἐπιεικές Phil 4:5 al.δ. The art. w. numerals indicates, as in Il. 5, 271f; X. et al. (HKallenberg, RhM 69, 1914, 662ff), that a part of a number already known is being mentioned (Diod S 18, 10, 2 τρεῖς μὲν φυλὰς … τὰς δὲ ἑπτά=‘but the seven others’; Plut., Cleom. 804 [8, 4] οἱ τέσσαρες=‘the other four’; Polyaenus 6, 5 οἱ τρεῖς=‘the remaining three’; Diog. L. 1, 82 Βίας προκεκριμένος τῶν ἑπτά=Bias was preferred before the others of the seven [wise men]. B-D-F §265): οἱ ἐννέα the other nine Lk 17:17. Cp. 15:4; Mt 18:12f. οἱ δέκα the other ten (disciples) 20:24; Mk 10:41; lepers Lk 17:17. οἱ πέντε … ὁ εἷς … ὁ ἄλλος five of them … one … the last one Rv 17:10.ⓒ The ptc. w. the art. receivesα. the mng. of a subst. ὁ πειράζων the tempter Mt 4:3; 1 Th 3:5. ὁ βαπτίζων Mk 6:14. ὁ σπείρων Mt 13:3; Lk 8:5. ὁ ὀλεθρεύων Hb 11:28. τὸ ὀφειλόμενον Mt 18:30, 34. τὸ αὐλούμενον 1 Cor 14:7. τὸ λαλούμενον vs. 9 (Just., D. 32, 3 τὸ ζητούμενον). τὰ γινόμενα Lk 9:7. τὰ ἐρχόμενα J 16:13. τὰ ἐξουθενημένα 1 Cor 1:28. τὰ ὑπάρχοντα (s. ὑπάρχω 1). In Engl. usage many of these neuters are transl. by a relative clause, as in β below. B-D-F §413; Rob. 1108f.β. the mng. of a relative clause (Ar. 4, 2 al. οἱ νομίζοντες) ὁ δεχόμενος ὑμᾶς whoever receives you Mt 10:40. τῷ τύπτοντί σε Lk 6:29. ὁ ἐμὲ μισῶν J 15:23. οὐδὲ γὰρ ὄνομά ἐστιν ἕτερον τὸ δεδομένον (ὸ̔ δέδοται) Ac 4:12. τινές εἰσιν οἱ ταράσσοντες ὑμᾶς Gal 1:7. Cp. Lk 7:32; 18:9; J 12:12; Col 2:8; 1 Pt 1:7; 2J 7; Jd 4 al. So esp. after πᾶς: πᾶς ὁ ὀργιζόμενος everyone who becomes angry Mt 5:22. πᾶς ὁ κρίνων Ro 2:1 al. After μακάριος Mt 5:4, 6, 10. After οὐαὶ ὑμῖν Lk 6:25.ⓓ The inf. w. neut. art. (B-D-F §398ff; Rob. 1062–68) is used in a number of ways.α. It stands for a noun (B-D-F §399; Rob. 1062–66) τὸ (ἀνίπτοις χερσὶν) φαγεῖν Mt 15:20. τὸ (ἐκ νεκρῶν) ἀναστῆναι Mk 9:10. τὸ ἀγαπᾶν 12:33; cp. Ro 13:8. τὸ ποιῆσαι, τὸ ἐπιτελέσαι 2 Cor 8:11. τὸ καθίσαι Mt 20:23. τὸ θέλειν Ro 7:18; 2 Cor 8:10.—Freq. used w. preps. ἀντὶ τοῦ, διὰ τό, διὰ τοῦ, ἐκ τοῦ, ἐν τῷ, ἕνεκεν τοῦ, ἕως τοῦ, μετὰ τό, πρὸ τοῦ, πρὸς τό etc.; s. the preps. in question (B-D-F §402–4; Rob. 1068–75).β. The gen. of the inf. w. the art., without a prep., is esp. frequent (B-D-F §400; Mlt. 216–18; Rob. 1066–68; DEvans, ClQ 15, 1921, 26ff). The use of this inf. is esp. common in Lk and Paul, less freq. in Mt and Mk, quite rare in other writers. The gen. standsא. dependent on words that govern the gen.: ἄξιον 1 Cor 16:4 (s. ἄξιος 1c). ἐξαπορηθῆναι τοῦ ζῆν 2 Cor 1:8. ἔλαχε τοῦ θυμιᾶσαι Lk 1:9 (cp. 1 Km 14:47 v.l. Σαοὺλ ἔλαχεν τοῦ βασιλεύειν).ב. dependent on a noun (B-D-F §400, 1; Rob. 1066f) ὁ χρόνος τοῦ τεκεῖν Lk 1:57. ἐπλήσθησαν αἱ ἡμέραι τοῦ τεκεῖν αὐτήν 2:6. ἐξουσία τοῦ πατεῖν 10:19. εὐκαιρία τοῦ παραδοῦναι 22:6. ἐλπὶς τοῦ σῴζεσθαι Ac 27:20; τοῦ μετέχειν 1 Cor 9:10. ἐπιποθία τοῦ ἐλθεῖν Ro 15:23. χρείαν ἔχειν τοῦ διδάσκειν Hb 5:12. καιρὸς τοῦ ἄρξασθαι 1 Pt 4:17. τ. ἐνέργειαν τοῦ δύνασθαι the power that enables him Phil 3:21. ἡ προθυμία τοῦ θέλειν zeal in desiring 2 Cor 8:11.ג. Somet. the connection w. the noun is very loose, and the transition to the consecutive sense (=result) is unmistakable (B-D-F §400, 2; Rob. 1066f): ἐπλήσθησαν ἡμέραι ὀκτὼ τοῦ περιτεμεῖν αὐτόν Lk 2:21. ὀφειλέται … τοῦ κατὰ σάρκα ζῆν Ro 8:12. εἰς ἀκαθαρσίαν τοῦ ἀτιμάζεσθαι 1:24. ὀφθαλμοὺς τοῦ μὴ βλέπειν 11:8. τὴν ἔκβασιν τοῦ δύνασθαι ὑπενεγκεῖν 1 Cor 10:13.ד. Verbs of hindering, ceasing take the inf. w. τοῦ μή (s. Schwyzer II 372 for earlier Gk; PGen 16, 23 [207 A.D.] κωλύοντες τοῦ μὴ σπείρειν; LXX; ParJer 2:5 φύλαξαι τοῦ μὴ σχίσαι τὰ ἱμάτιά σου): καταπαύειν Ac 14:18. κατέχειν Lk 4:42. κρατεῖσθαι 24:16. κωλύειν Ac 10:47. παύειν 1 Pt 3:10 (Ps 33:14). ὑποστέλλεσθαι Ac 20:20, 27. Without μή: ἐγκόπτεσθαι τοῦ ἐλθεῖν Ro 15:22.ה. The gen. of the inf. comes after verbs of deciding, exhorting, commanding, etc. (1 Ch 19:19; ParJer 7:37 διδάσκων αὐτοὺ τοῦ ἀπέχεσθαι) ἐγένετο γνώμης Ac 20:3. ἐντέλλεσθαι Lk 4:10 (Ps 90:11). ἐπιστέλλειν Ac 15:20. κατανεύειν Lk 5:7. κρίνειν Ac 27:1. παρακαλεῖν 21:12. προσεύχεσθαι Js 5:17. τὸ πρόσωπον στηρίζειν Lk 9:51. συντίθεσθαι Ac 23:20.ו. The inf. w. τοῦ and τοῦ μή plainly has final (=purpose) sense (ParJer 5:2 ἐκάθισεν … τοῦ ἀναπαῆναι ὀλίγον; Soph., Lex. I 45f; B-D-F §400, 5 w. exx. fr. non-bibl. lit. and pap; Rob. 1067): ἐξῆλθεν ὁ σπείρων τοῦ σπείρειν a sower went out to sow Mt 13:3. ζητεῖν τοῦ ἀπολέσαι = ἵνα ἀπολέσῃ 2:13. τοῦ δοῦναι γνῶσιν Lk 1:77. τοῦ κατευθῦναι τοὺς πόδας vs. 79. τοῦ σινιάσαι 22:31. τοῦ μηκέτι δουλεύειν Ro 6:6. τοῦ ποιῆσαι αὐτά Gal 3:10. τοῦ γνῶναι αὐτόν Phil 3:10. Cp. Mt 3:13; 11:1; 24:45; Lk 2:24, 27; 8:5; 24:29; Ac 3:2; 20:30; 26:18; Hb 10:7 (Ps 39:9); 11:5; GJs 2:3f; 24:1.—The apparently solecistic τοῦ πολεμῆσαι Ro 12:7 bears a Semitic tinge, cp. Hos 9:13 et al. (Mussies 96).—The combination can also expressז. consecutive mng. (result): οὐδὲ μετεμελήθητε τοῦ πιστεῦσαι αὐτῷ you did not change your minds and believe him Mt 21:32. τοῦ μὴ εἶναι αὐτὴν μοιχαλίδα Ro 7:3. τοῦ ποιεῖν τὰ βρέφη ἔκθετα Ac 7:19. Cp. 3:12; 10:25.ⓔ The art. is used w. prepositional expressions (Artem. 4, 33 p. 224, 7 ὁ ἐν Περγάμῳ; 4, 36 ὁ ἐν Μαγνησίᾳ; 4 [6] Esdr [POxy 1010 recto, 8–12] οἱ ἐν τοῖς πεδίοις … οἱ ἐν τοῖς ὄρεσι καὶ μετεώροις; Tat. 31, 2 οἱ μὲν περὶ Κράτητα … οἱ δὲ περὶ Ἐρατοσθένη) τῆς ἐκκλησίας τῆς ἐν Κεγχρεαῖς Ro 16:1. ταῖς ἐκκλησίαις ταῖς ἐν τῇ Ἀσίᾳ Rv 1:4. τῷ ἀγγέλῳ τῆς ἐν (w. place name) ἐκκλησίας 2:1, 8, 12, 18; 3:1, 7, 14 (on these pass. RBorger, TRu 52, ’87, 42–45). τοῖς ἐν τῇ οἰκίᾳ to those in the house Mt 5:15. πάτερ ἡμῶν ὁ ἐν τ. οὐρανοῖς 6:9. οἱ ἀπὸ τῆς Ἰταλίας Hb 13:24. οἱ ἐν Χριστῷ Ἰησοῦ Ro 8:1. οἱ ἐξ ἐριθείας 2:8. οἱ ἐκ νόμου 4:14; cp. vs. 16. οἱ ἐκ τῆς Καίσαρος οἰκίας Phil 4:22. οἱ ἐξ εὐωνύμων Mt 25:41. τὸ θυσιαστήριον … τὸ ἐνώπιον τοῦ θρόνου Rv 8:3; cp. 9:13. On 1:4 s. ref in B-D-F §136, 1 to restoration by Nestle. οἱ παρʼ αὐτοῦ Mk 3:21. οἱ μετʼ αὐτοῦ Mt 12:3. οἱ περὶ αὐτόν Mk 4:10; Lk 22:49 al.—Neut. τὰ ἀπὸ τοῦ πλοίου pieces of wreckage fr. the ship Ac 27:44 (difft. FZorell, BZ 9, 1911, 159f). τὰ περί τινος Lk 24:19, 27; Ac 24:10; Phil 1:27 (Tat. 32, 2 τὰ περὶ θεοῦ). τὰ περί τινα 2:23. τὰ κατʼ ἐμέ my circumstances Eph 6:21; Phil 1:12; Col 4:7. τὰ κατὰ τὸν νόμον what (was to be done) according to the law Lk 2:39. τὸ ἐξ ὑμῶν Ro 12:18. τὰ πρὸς τὸν θεόν 15:17; Hb 2:17; 5:1 (X., Resp. Lac. 13, 11 ἱερεῖ τὰ πρὸς τοὺς θεούς, στρατηγῷ δὲ τὰ πρὸς τοὺς ἀνθρώπους). τὰ παρʼ αὐτῶν Lk 10:7. τὸ ἐν ἐμοί the (child) in me GJs 12:2 al.ⓕ w. an adv. or adverbial expr. (1 Macc 8:3) τὸ ἔμπροσθεν Lk 19:4. τὸ ἔξωθεν Mt 23:25. τὸ πέραν Mt 8:18, 28. τὰ ἄνω J 8:23; Col 3:1f. τὰ κάτω J 8:23. τὰ ὀπίσω Mk 13:16. τὰ ὧδε matters here Col 4:9. ὁ πλησίον the neighbor Mt 5:43. οἱ καθεξῆς Ac 3:24. τὸ κατὰ σάρκα Ro 9:5. τὸ ἐκ μέρους 1 Cor 13:10.—Esp. w. indications of time τό, τὰ νῦν s. νῦν 2b. τὸ πάλιν 2 Cor 13:2. τὸ λοιπόν 1 Cor 7:29; Phil 3:1. τὸ πρῶτον J 10:40; 12:16; 19:39. τὸ πρότερον 6:62; Gal 4:13. τὸ καθʼ ἡμέραν daily Lk 11:3.—τὸ πλεῖστον at the most 1 Cor 14:27.ⓖ The art. w. the gen. foll. denotes a relation of kinship, ownership, or dependence: Ἰάκωβος ὁ τοῦ Ζεβεδαίου Mt 10:2 (Thu. 4, 104 Θουκυδίδης ὁ Ὀλόρου [sc. υἱός]; Plut., Timol. 3, 2; Appian, Syr. 26 §123 Σέλευκος ὁ Ἀντιόχου; Jos., Bell. 5, 5; 11). Μαρία ἡ Ἰακώβου Lk 24:10. ἡ τοῦ Οὐρίου the wife of Uriah Mt 1:6. οἱ Χλόης Chloë’s people 1 Cor 1:11. οἱ Ἀριστοβούλου, οἱ Ναρκίσσου Ro 16:10f. οἱ αὐτοῦ Ac 16:33. οἱ τοῦ Χριστοῦ 1 Cor 15:23; Gal 5:24. Καισάρεια ἡ Φιλίππου Caesarea Philippi i.e. the city of Philip Mk 8:27.—τό, τά τινος someone’s things, affairs, circumstances (Thu. 4, 83 τὰ τοῦ Ἀρριβαίου; Parthenius 1, 6; Appian, Syr. 16 §67 τὰ Ῥωμαίων) τὰ τοῦ θεοῦ, τῶν ἀνθρώπων Mt 16:23; 22:21; Mk 8:33; cp. 1 Cor 2:11. τὰ τῆς σαρκός, τοῦ πνεύματος Ro 8:5; cp. 14:19; 1 Cor 7:33f; 13:11. τὰ ὑμῶν 2 Cor 12:14. τὰ τῆς ἀσθενείας μου 11:30. τὰ τοῦ νόμου what the law requires Ro 2:14. τὸ τῆς συκῆς what has been done to the fig tree Mt 21:21; cp. 8:33. τὰ ἑαυτῆς its own advantage 1 Cor 13:5; cp. Phil 2:4, 21. τὸ τῆς παροιμίας what the proverb says 2 Pt 2:22 (Pla., Theaet. 183e τὸ τοῦ Ὁμήρου; Menand., Dyscolus 633 τὸ τοῦ λόγου). ἐν τοῖς τοῦ πατρός μου in my Father’s house (so Field, Notes 50–56; Goodsp. Probs. 81–83; difft., ‘interests’, PTemple, CBQ 1, ’39, 342–52.—In contrast to the other synoptists, Luke does not elsewhere show Jesus ‘at home’.) Lk 2:49 (Lysias 12, 12 εἰς τὰ τοῦ ἀδελφοῦ; Theocr. 2, 76 τὰ Λύκωνος; pap in Mayser II [1926] p. 8; POxy 523, 3 [II A.D.] an invitation to a dinner ἐν τοῖς Κλαυδίου Σαραπίωνος; PTebt 316 II, 23 [99 A.D.] ἐν τοῖς Ποτάμωνος; Esth 7:9; Job 18:19; Jos., Ant. 16, 302. Of the temple of a god Jos., C. Ap. 1, 118 ἐν τοῖς τοῦ Διός). Mt 20:15 is classified here by WHatch, ATR 26, ’44, 250–53; s. also ἐμός b.ⓗ The neut. of the art. standsα. before whole sentences or clauses (Epict. 4, 1, 45 τὸ Καίσαρος μὴ εἶναι φίλον; Prov. Aesopi 100 P. τὸ Οὐκ οἶδα; Jos., Ant. 10, 205; Just., D. 33, 2 τὸ γὰρ … [Ps 109:4]) τὸ Οὐ φονεύσεις, οὐ μοιχεύσεις κτλ. (quot. fr. the Decalogue) Mt 19:18; Ro 13:9. τὸ Καὶ μετὰ ἀνόμων ἐλογίσθη (quot. fr. Is 53:12) Lk 22:37. Cp. Gal 5:14. τὸ Εἰ δύνῃ as far as your words ‘If you can’ are concerned Mk 9:23. Likew. before indirect questions (Vett. Val. 291, 14 τὸ πῶς τέτακται; Ael. Aristid. 45, 15 K. τὸ ὅστις ἐστίν; ParJer 6:15 τὸ πῶς ἀποστείλης; GrBar 8:6 τὸ πῶς ἐταπεινώθη; Jos., Ant. 20, 28 ἐπὶ πείρᾳ τοῦ τί φρονοῖεν; Pel.-Leg. p. 20, 32 τὸ τί γένηται; Mel., Fgm. 8, 2 [Goodsp. p. 311] τὸ δὲ πῶς λούονται) τὸ τί ἂν θέλοι καλεῖσθαι αὐτό Lk 1:62. τὸ τίς ἂν εἴη μείζων αὐτῶν 9:46. τὸ πῶς δεῖ ὑμᾶς περιπατεῖν 1 Th 4:1. Cp. Lk 19:48; 22:2, 4, 23f; Ac 4:21; 22:30; Ro 8:26; Hs 8, 1, 4.β. before single words which are taken fr. what precedes and hence are quoted, as it were (Epict. 1, 29, 16 τὸ Σωκράτης; 3, 23, 24; Hierocles 13 p. 448 ἐν τῷ μηδείς) τὸ ‘ἀνέβη’ Eph 4:9. τὸ ‘ἔτι ἅπαξ’ Hb 12:27. τὸ ‘Ἁγάρ’ Gal 4:25.ⓘ Other notable uses of the art. areα. the elliptic use, which leaves a part of a sentence accompanied by the art. to be completed fr. the context: ὁ τὰ δύο the man with the two (talents), i.e. ὁ τὰ δύο τάλαντα λαβών Mt 25:17; cp. vs. 22. τῷ τὸν φόρον Ro 13:7. ὁ τὸ πολύ, ὀλίγον the man who had much, little 2 Cor 8:15 after Ex 16:18 (cp. Lucian, Bis Accus. 9 ὁ τὴν σύριγγα [sc. ἔχων]; Arrian, Anab. 7, 8, 3 τὴν ἐπὶ θανάτῳ [sc. ὁδόν]).β. Σαῦλος, ὁ καὶ Παῦλος Ac 13:9; s. καί 2h.γ. the fem. art. is found in a quite singular usage ἡ οὐαί (ἡ θλῖψις or ἡ πληγή) Rv 9:12; 11:14. Sim. ὁ Ἀμήν 3:14 (here the masc. art. is evidently chosen because of the alternate name for Jesus).ⓙ One art. can refer to several nouns connected by καία. when various words, sing. or pl., are brought close together by a common art.: τοὺς ἀρχιερεῖς καὶ γραμματεῖς Mt 2:4; cp. 16:21; Mk 15:1. ἐν τοῖς προφήταις κ. ψαλμοῖς Lk 24:44. τῇ Ἰουδαίᾳ καὶ Σαμαρείᾳ Ac 1:8; cp. 8:1; Lk 5:17 al.—Even nouns of different gender can be united in this way (Aristoph., Eccl. 750; Ps.-Pla., Axioch. 12 p. 37a οἱ δύο θεοί, of Apollo and Artemis; Ps.-Demetr., Eloc. c. 292; PTebt 14, 10 [114 B.C.]; En 18:14; EpArist 109) κατὰ τὰ ἐντάλματα καὶ διδασκαλίας Col 2:22. Cp. Lk 1:6. εἰς τὰς ὁδοὺς καὶ φραγμούς 14:23.β. when one and the same person has more than one attribute applied to him: πρὸς τὸν πατέρα μου καὶ πατέρα ὑμῶν J 20:17. ὁ θεὸς καὶ πατὴρ τοῦ κυρίου Ἰ. Ro 15:6; 2 Cor 1:3; 11:31; Eph 1:3; 1 Pt 1:3. ὁ θεὸς καὶ πατὴρ (ἡμῶν) Eph 5:20; Phil 4:20; 1 Th 1:3; 3:11, 13. Of Christ: τοῦ κυρίου ἡμῶν καὶ σωτῆρος 2 Pt 1:11; cp. 2:20; 3:18. τοῦ μεγάλου θεοῦ καὶ σωτῆρος ἡμῶν Tit 2:13 (PGrenf II, 15 I, 6 [139 B.C.] of the deified King Ptolemy τοῦ μεγάλου θεοῦ εὐεργέτου καὶ σωτῆρος [ἐπιφανοῦς] εὐχαρίστου).γ. On the other hand, the art. is repeated when two different persons are named: ὁ φυτεύων καὶ ὁ ποτίζων 1 Cor 3:8. ὁ βασιλεὺς καὶ ὁ ἡγεμών Ac 26:30.ⓚ In a fixed expression, when a noun in the gen. is dependent on another noun, the art. customarily appears twice or not at all: τὸ πνεῦμα τοῦ θεοῦ 1 Cor 3:16; πνεῦμα θεοῦ Ro 8:9. ὁ λόγος τοῦ θεοῦ 2 Cor 2:17; λόγος θεοῦ 1 Th 2:13. ἡ ἡμέρα τοῦ κυρίου 2 Th 2:2; ἡμ. κ. 1 Th 5:2. ὁ υἱὸς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου Mt 8:20; υἱ. ἀ. Hb 2:6. ἡ ἀνάστασις τῶν νεκρῶν Mt 22:31; ἀ. ν. Ac 23:6. ἡ κοιλία τῆς μητρός J 3:4; κ. μ. Mt 19:12.—APerry, JBL 68, ’49, 329–34; MBlack, An Aramaic Approach3, ’67, 93–95.—DELG. M-M. -
103 σφωΐν
σφωΐν, dual. masc. u. fem. des pron. person. der dritten Person, sie beide, ihrer beider, ihnen beiden; Hom.; und zwar ist σφωέ bei Hom. enklitisch, u. auch sonst immer accus.; σφωΐν ist bei Hom. dat. u. entl.; verstärkt σφωῒν ἀμφοτέροιϊν, Od. 20, 327. – Ob σφωέ auch für σφῶϊ gebraucht wurde, ist zweifelhaft, als v. l. stand es sonst so Il. 7, 280. – Antimach. soll auch σφωέ in σφώ zusammengezogen haben, Apoll. D. pron. p. 113 c. – Ep. wurden diese Formen in σφε und σφιν verkürzt, sind also nicht vom Plural zu unterscheiden; vgl. Il. 11, 111. 115 Od. 8, 271. 21, 206; Hes. Sc. 62; s. σφεῖς u. Buttm. Lexil. 1 p. 56 ff.
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104 ἐγώ
ἐγώ, ich; ep. auch ἐγών, Il. 1, 76, öfter zur Vermeidung des Hiatus, Pind. P. 3, 77, nach Apoll. pron. dorisch, Theocr. 15, 60, κἠγών 21, 45, wie Ath. IV, 147 e; von Tragg. nur Aesch. Pers. 931; äol. ἔγων, nach Apoll. pron. 64 auch ἐγώνη, u. dor. ἔγωνγα, Alcm.; Ar. Ach. 736. 764 Lys. 986. 990; böotisch ἱών u. ἱώνγα, Corinna. – Gen. ἐμοῠ, enkl. μου; ion. u. ep. ἐμέο, ἐμεῠ, Il. 1, 88 u. öfter, ἐμεῖο, 1, 259, ἐμέϑεν, 1, 525, öfter; Sophron auch enkl. μέϑεν; böot. u. syrakus. ἐμοῠς u. ἐμεῠς, Corinna 33 u. Epicharm.; Apollon. führt noch ἐμείω, ἐμείως, ἐμῶς an. – Dat. ἐμοί, enkl. μοι, dor. ἐμίν, Ar. Ach. 733 Av. 928; Theocr. 4, 30; nach Apollon. auch ἐμίνγα, äol. ἔμοι, böot. ἐμύ. – Acc. ἐμέ, enkl. με, nach Apoll. dorisch ἐμεΐ. – Dual. νῶϊ, νῶϊν, auch νώ, Il. 5, 219, u. Att. oft, wie Soph. O. R. 1504; νῷν, Phil. 133 u. Sm. 1, 213. 369 u. öfter steht νῶϊν für ἡμῖν. – Plur. ἡμεῖς, ion. ἡμέες, dor. ἁμές, Tim. Locr. 96 a; Arist. Lys. 1162; äol. ἄμμες, Od. 1, 303; Pind. P. 4, 144. – Gen. ἡμῶν, ion. ἡμέων, auch ἡμείων, Od. 24, 169; dor. ἁμῶν, Ar. Lys. 168 Theocr. 2, 158; auch ἁμέων, ἁμίων, äol. ἀμμέων, Apoll. – Dat. ἡμῖν, ep. auch ἧμιν, Il. 17, 415; sehr oft Soph., z. B. Phil. 8, 463, auch ἡμίν geschr.; Ar. Av. 386 u. öfter; äol. ἄμμι u. ἄμμιν, Od. 1, 384. 12, 275; Pind. P. 4, 154; Aesch. Spt. 156. – Acc. ἡμᾶς, ion. ἡμέας, Od. 4, 452, poet. ἧμας, 16, 372; auch bei Soph. von Herm. enkl. geschrieben, Ai. 725; äol. ἄμμε, Il. 1, 59; Theocr. 8, 25, öfter; ἁμέ, Ar. Lys. 95, od. ἀμέ, ibd. 1099. 1250.
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105 ἵγνητες
ἵγνητες, οἱ, = αὐϑιγενεῖς, bei den Rhodiern, Apollon. pron. 330 c, der es vom pron. ἵ ableitet.
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106 εαυτου
1) pron. reflex. 3 л., реже 1 и 2 (часто усил. посредством αὐτός) себя самого, себя самой(ἑαυτὸν σφάττειν Xen., Arst.; αὑτὸν αἰνῶ Aesch.)
αὐτὸς αὑτῷ βοηθεῖν Plat. — самому защищать себя;παρ΄ ἑαυτῷ Xen. — у себя, в своем доме;οἴκαδ΄ εἰς ἑαυτῶν Arph. — к себе домой;τὸ ἑαυτοῦ Thuc. — личные интересы;αὐτὸ ἐφ΄ ἑαυτό Plat. и αὐτὸ καθ΄ αὑτό Arst. — нечто (существующее) само по себе, т.е. абсолютное;τὸ γιγνώσκειν αὐτὸν ἑαυτόν Plat. — самопознание;ἐν ἑαυτῷ γενέσθαι Xen. — прийти в себя;πλουσιώτεροι ἑαυτῶν γιγνόμενοι Thuc. — превзошедшие себя самих в богатстве, т.е. ставшие богаче прежнего;τῇ εὐρύτατος αὐτὸς ἑωυτοῦ (ὅ πόντος) Her. — там, где море достигает наибольшей своей ширины3) pl. (= ἀλλήλων См. αλληλων) друг друга, взаимноπαρακελευόμενοι ἐν ἑαυτοῖς Thuc. — ободряя друг друга;
καθ΄ αὑτοῖν Soph. — друг против друга -
107 εκεινος
ἐκείνη, ἐκεῖνο, эп.-поэт. тж. κεῖνος, дор. τῆνος, эол. κῆνος1) в знач. pron. demonstr. тот(ἐκείνῃ τῇ ἡμέρᾳ или ἡμέρας ἐκείνης Thuc.)
ἐξ ἐκείνου Xen. и ἀπ΄ ἐκείνου (sc. χρόνου) Luc. — с того времени;μετ΄ ἐκεῖνα Thuc. — после того, вслед за тем;ἀπὸ Ὀρχομένου καὴ τῶν κατ΄ ἐκεῖνα χωρίων Xen. — из Орхомена и окрестных областей;οὗτος ἐ. Her., ἐ. ὄντως и ἐ. αὐτός Arph. — тот самый;ἐκεῖν΄ ἐκεῖνο Arph. и κεῖνο κεῖνο Soph. — именно это;ἀλλ΄ ἐκεῖνο! Luc. — да, вот (еще) что!;ἐ …, οὗτος, но тж. οὗτος …, ἐ. Xen., Plat., Plut.; — тот …, этот, первый (ранее упомянутый) …, последний2) в знач. adj. νοδιἾρος ἐ. ἧσται Hom. — вот там сидит Ир;
νῆες ἐκεῖναι ἐπιπλέουσιν Thuc. — вот они, корабли, уже плывут сюда3) в знач. pron. pers. 3 л. sing. он сам(ый), онἵνα μέ κεῖνος ἡμῖν ἐπιτύχῃ Arph. — как бы он не застал нас;
ὅ ἥλιος καὴ ἥ ἐκείνου φορά Arst. — солнце и его движение4) adj. (ср. лат. ille) всем известный, славный(Θουκυδίδης Arph.)
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108 εος
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109 ο
I.ὁI(ὅ), ἡ (ἥ) - τό (gen. m и n τοῦ - эп. τοῖο, дор. τῶ, τῆς - дор. τᾶς; pl. οἱ (οἵ), αἱ (αἵ), τά pron. demonstr. 3 л., часто со знач. pron. pers., преимущ. у Hom., Trag.) этот, тот, такой, онὁ γὰρ ἦλθε Hom. — ибо он пришел;
ἕως ὅ τῷ πολέμιζε Hom. — пока тот с этим боролся;τῆς πέφυκα μητρός Soph. — я родился от этой матери;οἱ μὲν αὐτῶν ἐτόξευον, οἱ δ΄ ἐσφενδόνων Xen. — одни из них метали стрелы, другие - камни из пращей;ἥ στρατιὰ ἣ μὲν πρὸς τέν πόλιν ἐχώρουν, ἣ δὲ πρὸς σταύρωμα Thuc. — войско отправилось частью к городу, частью же к заграждению;οὐ πάσας χρέ τὰς δόξας τῶν ἀνθρώπων τιμᾶν, ἀλλὰ τὰς μὲν, τὰς δ΄ οὔ οὐδὲ πάντων, ἀλλὰ τῶν μέν, τῶν δ΄ οὔ Plat. — уважать следует не все мнения людей, а лишь одни, другие же - нет, и притом (мнения) одних, но не других;οὔτε τοῖς, οὔτε τοῖς Plat. — ни тем, ни другим;τὰ μέν τι μαχόμενοι, τὰ δὲ καὴ ἀναπαυόμενοι Xen. — то ведя кое-какие бои, то отдыхаяIIἡ - τό, gen. τοῦ, τῆς, τοῦ (грамматический член, со знач. ослабленной указательности, т.е. определенности, групповой или индивидуальной; соотв. франц. le, la, англ. the, нем. der, die, das)(часто in crasi: ὅ ἀνήρ = ἁνήρ - эол. ὤνηρ, τοῦ ἀνδρός = τἀνδρός, οἱ ἄνδρες = ἅνδρες - ион. ὤνδρες, τὸ ἕτερον = θάτερον - ион. τοὔτερον, дор. θώτερον и т.д.)
1) этот, тот (который), данный, упомянутый, известный тебе ( обычно не переводится)(ὅ Εὐφράτης ποταμός, τὸ Αἰγάλεων ὄρος, ἥ Αἴτνη τὸ ὄρος Thuc.; Νέστωρ ὅ γέρων Hom.)
ὅ ἄνθρωπος — вот этот (данный) человек или человек вообще, человеческий род;Φαίδων ὅ Φαίδων ἐστίν Plat. — Федон, он (именно) Федон и есть;τιμῆς τῆς Πριάμου Hom. — с честью (самого) Приама;ἡττηθεὴς τῇ μάχῃ Xen. — будучи разбит в этом сражении2) (придает знач. существительного любой иной части речи или целой группе их)τὸ πρίν Hom. etc. — прежнее время, прошлое;
τὸ μέ ζητοῦντα ἐπιτυχεῖν Xen. — нахождение без поисков;τὸν ἐμέ Plat. — меня лично3) в знач. слово, выражение, изречениеτὸ τοῦ Σόλωνος Her. (лат. illud Solonis) — изречение Солона;
τὸ μηδένα εἶναι ὄλβιον Her. — мнение, будто никто не счастлив4) ( иногда придает оттенок приблизительности) около: , ὧν ἦσαν αἱ εἴκοσιν … Thuc. корабли, из которых около двадцати …5) (с последующим gen. обозначает принадлежность, ту или иную связь - родственную, пространственную и т.д.)Ἡρακλῆς ὅ (sc. υἱός) Διός — Геракл, сын Зевса;
Ἄρτεμις ἥ (sc. θυγάτηρ) Λητοῦς — Артемида, дочь Лето;Κλέαρχος καὴ οἱ ἐκείνου Thuc. — Клеарх и его люди (сторонники, друзья и т.п.);часто перед — существительным с предлогом:τὰ ἐπὴ Θρᾴκης Thuc. — области Фракии;τὰ ἀπὸ τοῦ Ἀλκιβιάδου Thuc. — планы Алкивиада;τὰ ἀπὸ τοῦ καταστρώματος Thuc. — то, что (сражалось) с палубы;οἱ τότε Hom. etc. — тогдашние люди;κατὰ τέν ἐμήν (sc. γνώμην) Plat. — по-моему;οἱ νῦν Plat. etc. — нынешние (люди);τὸ ἐμόν Xen. — что касается меня6) n pl. обозначает:(1) часть, элементτά, ὅσα γῇ κεράννυται Plat. — элементы, примешивающиеся к земле, т.е. входящие в состав земли;
τῶν πέντε τὰς δύο μοίρας Thuc. — две части из пяти, т.е. две пятых(2) в n pl. достояние, состояние, имущество, тж. дела, обстоятельстваτὰ τῶν πολεμίων Xen. — имущество (средства) неприятеля;
τὰ τῆς πόλεως Thuc., Plat. etc. — государственные дела, политические вопросы;τὰ τῶν Ἑλλήνων Thuc. — греческие дела, положение греков, обстоятельства в ГрецииII.ὄinterj. о! Arph.III.ὅIII -
110 ου
I.οὐintens. атт. οὐχί, перед гласн. οὐκ, перед придых. οὐχ (отрицание факта, в отличие от μή, отрицающего возможность) не, нетοὐκ ἐθέλω Hom. — не хочу;
ἐάν τε οὐ φῆτε, ἐάν τε φῆτε Plat. — (независимо от того), несогласны вы (с этим) или согласны;οὐκ ἄκων Hom. — действующий не по принуждению, т.е. охотно;οὐ καλός Soph. — безобразный, отвратительный;οὐ μάλα Xen. — не очень, не совсем;οὐκ ἔμοιγε δοκεῖ Plat. — нет, не думаю;ἥ οὐκ ἐξουσία τῆς ἀγωνίσεως Thuc. — неразрешение, т.е. запрещение участвовать в состязании;ἥ τῶν γεφυρῶν οὐ διάλυσις Thuc. — неразрушение, т.е. оставление в целости мостов;οὐκ ἐρεῖς ; Soph. — (отчего) ты (ничего) не говоришь?;οὐκ ἂν φράσειας ; Soph. — не скажешь ли?;οὐκ ἔστιν οὐδείς Soph. — нет никого;οὐκ οἶδεν οὐδείς Aesch. — (этого) никто не знает;οὔκ ἐστιν οὐδαμοῦ οὐδαμῶς Plat. — этого нет решительно нигде;οὐκ, ἀλλὰ τοῦτο Plat. — нет, именно это;βούλονται μέν, δύνανται δ΄ οὔ Thuc. — они желают (этого), но не могут;καλὸς μέν, μέγας δ΄ οὔ Xen. — красивый, но небольшой;οὔ μοι δοκεῖ, ὦ Ἱππία, οὐκ Plat. — нет, Гиппий, я этого не думаю;οὐ γὰρ ἂν δυναίμην, οὐ μέντοι Plat. — нет, этого я, право, не сумею;( в клятвах):οὐ μὰ τέν δέσποιναν Ἄρτεμιν! Soph. — клянусь владычицей Артемидой!;( плеонастически):οὐδὲν μᾶλλον Αἰολεῦσι μετεὸν τῆς Ἰλιάδος χώρης ἢ οὐ καὴ σφίσι Her. — (афиняне доказывали, что) у эолийцев не больше прав на Илионский край, чем у них;ἐὰν ἀμφισβητῇ, ὡς οὐκ ἀληθῆ λέγομεν Plat. — если он сомневается в том, говорим ли мы правду;οὐ γάρ Plat. — конечно нет;οὐ γάρ πού (γε) Plat. — ибо никоим образом;οὐ γὰρ δή (που) Plat. — ибо ведь не, конечно же нет;μέ σκῶπτέ μ΄, οὐ γάρ, ἀλλὰ ἔχω κακῶς Arph. — не смейся надо мной, право же не надо, мне дурно;οὐ γὰρ ἄν (γε) Soph. — ибо никак, никоим образом;οὐ γὰρ ἄν ποτέ (γε) Soph. — ибо никогда (в жизни);οὐ δῆτα Aesch. — поистине нет, ничуть;οὔ θην (δή) Hom., οὐ μήν Thuc., οὐ μὲν (οὖν) Plat., οὐ μέντοι Her. — безусловно нет, совсем не;οὐ (sc. φόβος или δεινόν ἐστι) μή — нечего бояться, т.е. нет никакого сомнения, совершенно очевидно, что не:οὐ μέ πίθηται Soph. — он безусловно не даст себя уговорить;οὐ μέ μόλῃ ποτέ Eur. — он уже никогда не вернется;οὐ μή ποτε ἐλεγχθῶ Plat. — никогда меня не опровергнуть;οὐ μέ δύνηται Xen. — он никак не сможет;ούχ ὅτι …, ἀλλὰ καί … Xen. etc. — не только …, но и …II.οὗI[gen. к ὅς См. ος I] (эп.-ион. ἕο, εἷο, εὗ, ἕθεν; dat. οἷ - эп. ἑοῖ; acc. ἕ - эп.-ион. ἑέ, тж. μίν и νίν; pl. σφεῖς; в поэзии преимущ., в прозе всегда энкл.; у Hom. под ударением только как refl. или при логическом ударении)1) pron. refl. 3 л. себяἐπεί ἑο κήδετο λίην Hom. — так как (Одиссей) чрезвычайно заботился о (самом) себе;
οἷ αὐτῷ θάνατον λιτέσθαι Hom. — просить самому себе смерти;εὖ ἐντύνασαν ἓ αὐτήν Hom. — тщательно принарядив себя2) pron. pers. 3 л. онοὔτις εὑ ἀκήδεσεν Hom. — не было никого, кто не заботился бы о нем (т.е. Патрокле);
II1) где(οὗ Σπερχειὸς ἄρδει πεδίον Aesch.; οὗ ἥ μάχη ἐγένετο Xen.)
οὗ γὰρ τοιούτων δεῖ, τοιοῦτός εἰμ΄ ἐγώ Soph. — где такие нужны, я там2) кудаοὗ κατέφυγε Xen. — (город), куда он бежал;
οὐκ οἶδεν, οὗ γῆς εἰσέδυ Eur. — (никто) не знает, в какой уголок земли скрылась (Ифигения)3) когда, при каких обстоятельствахἔστι δ΄ οὗ σιγῆς λόγος κρείσσων Eur. — бывают случаи, когда слово лучше молчания
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111 γε
γε a particle used to emphasise particular words, which it may either directly precede, esp. if a word group is emphasised, or follow.a emphasising subs., pron., simm.I subs.ὀρειᾶν γε Πελειάδων N. 2.11
ἁ Σαλαμίς γε N. 2.13
ἐπειδὴ τὸν ὑπὲρ κεφαλᾶς γε Ταντάλου λίθον παρά τις ἔτρεψεν ἄμμι θεός ( τὸν coni. Heimsoeth) I. 8.10ἀλλ' ὅ γε Μέλαμπος Pae. 4.28
Ἀπόλλωνί γ [ Pae. 7.5
]Ζηνί γε fr. 60a. 5.ἀέθλων γ' ἕνεκεν O. 1.99
ἤτοι βροτῶν γε κέκριται πεῖρας οὔ τι θανάτου O. 2.30
ἰατὰ δ' ἐστὶ βροτοῖς σύν γ ἐλευθερίᾳ καὶ τά I. 8.15
] ογοι τῶν γε δε[ (Π̆{S}: τε Π.) Pae. 6.175II demonstratives. πέποιθα δὲ ξένον μή τιν —δύναμιν κυριώτερον τῶν γε νῦν κλυταῖσι δαιδαλωσέμεν ὕμνων πτυχαῖς O. 1.105
τοῦτό γέ οἱ σαφέως μαρτυρήσω O. 6.20
Ἄλτιν μὲν ὅγ' ἐν καθαρῷ διέκρινε O. 10.45
τὸν δὲ τετράκναμον ἔπραξε δεσμὸν ἑὸν ὄλεθρον ὅγ P. 2.41
κείνου γε κατὰ κλέος P. 4.125
κεῖνον γε καὶ βαρύκομποι λέοντες περὶ δείματι φύγον P. 5.57
ἤθελον κείνου γε πείθεσθ' ἀναξίαις ἑκόντες N. 8.10
τοῦτό γέ τοι ἐρέω fr. 42. 2.III verbal subs.ἐπεὶ τό γε λοιδορῆσαι θεοὺς ἐχθρὰ σοφία O. 9.37
τό γ' ἐν ξυνᾥ πεποναμένον εὖ μὴ κρυπτέτω P. 9.93
νικῶντί γε χάριν οὐ τραχύς εἰμι καταθέμεν N. 7.75
IV pers. pron. σέ γ' ἐπαρκέσαι (Turyn: τό γ' ἐπάρκεσε codd.) N. 6.60 σέο γ' ἕκατι (codd.: γ del. Bergk, edd.: “contra poetae usum” Schr.) I. 5.2b emphasising adj.ἑκατόν γ' ἐτέων O. 2.93
κεῖνόν γε πράξασθαι πόνον P. 4.243
ἦ μὰν ἀνόμοιά γε δᾴοισιν ἐν θερμῷ χροὶ ἕλκεα ῥῆξαν N. 8.28
ἔδοξ' ἦρα καὶ ἀθανάτοις ἐσλόν γε φῶτα καὶ φθίμενον ὕμνοις θεᾶν διδόμεν I. 8.60
ὀνομακλύτα γ' ἔνεσσι Pae. 6.123
c emphasising adv.νῦν γε P. 4.290
τό γέ νυν P. 11.44
οὐδὲ θερμὸν ὕδωρ τόσον γε μαλθακὰ τεύχει γυῖα, τόσον εὐλογία φόρμιγγι συνάορος N. 4.4
d emphasising πρίν clause.πολλ' ἔπαθεν, πρίν γέ οἱ χαλινὸν Παλλὰς ἤνεγκ O. 13.65
Ἀλκυονῆ, οὐ τετραορίας γε πρὶν δυώδεκα πέτρῳ ἥροάς τ' ἐμβεβαῶτας ἱπποδάμους ἕλεν δὶς τόσους N. 4.28
[e dub. εἰ δ' ἀριστεύει μὲν ὕδωρ, κτεάνων δὲ χρυσὸς αἰδοιέστατος, νῦν γε (v. l. δὲ, edd.) O. 3.43 γ varie e † γόνος coni. edd. O. 9.76 τό γε μόρσιμον οὐ παρφυκτόν (codd., Theon: δὲ Tricl., edd.) P. 12.30]f combined with other particles. -
112 βαρύς
βᾰρύς, εῖα, ύ, poet. gen. pl. fem. βαρεῶν dub. in A.Eu. 932 (anap.): [comp] Comp. βαρύτερος, [comp] Sup. βαρύτατος:—A heavy in weight, β. ἀείρεσθαι, opp. κοῦφος, Hdt.4.150, cf. Pl.Tht. 152d, Arist.Cael. 310b25, etc.: in Hom. mostly with collat. notion of strength and force,χεῖρα βαρεῖαν Il.1.219
, cf. 89;ἀκμᾷ βαρύς Pi.I.4(3).51
;β. τὸ σῶμα App.Mac.14
; of athletes, Philostr.Gym.31; ὀφρύς bushy, ib.48; but also, heavy with age, infirmity or suffering, ;σὺν γήρᾳ Id.OT17
; ;ὑπὸ γήρως Ael.VH9.1
;ὑπὸ τῆς μέθης Plu.2.596a
; pregnant, PGoodsp.Cair.15.15 (iv A. D.);β. βάσις
heavy, slow,S.
Tr. 966;τυπάδι βαρείᾳ Id.Fr. 844
. Adv.κοῦφον βαρέως Pl.Tht. 189d
.2 heavy to bear, grievous, ἄτη, ἔρις, κακότης, Il.2.111, 20.55, 10.72;Κλῶθες Od.7.197
;κῆρες Il.21.548
;β. κὴρ τὸ μὴ πιθέσθαι A.Ag. 206
(lyr.); βαρὺ or βαρέα στενάχειν sob heavily, Od.8.95, 534, Il.8.334, etc.: in Trag. and Prose, burdensome, grievous, oppressive, β. ξυμφορά, τύχαι, καταλλαγαί, etc., A.Pers. 1044 (lyr.), Th. 332 (lyr.), 767 (lyr.), etc.; ;ἀγγελία β. ἢν ἐν τοῖς βαρύτατ' ἂν ἐνέγκαιμι Pl.Cri. 43c
;πόλεμος D.18.241
;βαρὺ κοὐχὶ δίκαιον Id.21.66
; causing disgust,S.
Ph. 1330; αὐδά, ἠχώ, ib. 208 (lyr.), E.Hipp. 791; unwholesome,χωρίον X.Mem.3.6.12
;πλησμονή Id.Cyn.7.4
; indigestible, Ath.3.115e;β. νότος Paus.10.17.11
. Adv. -έως, φέρειν τι take a thing ill, suffer it impatiently, Hdt.5.19;β. φέρειν ἐπί τινι Plb.15.1.1
(but β. φέρειν bear with dignity, D.S.26.3); β. ἔχειν, c. part, Arist. Rh.Al. 1424b5; ; τοῖς λογίοις Arg.E.Heracl.: [comp] Comp.βαρυτέρως τινὶ ἐναντιωθῆναι LXX3 Ma.3.1
; βαρέως ἀκούειν hear with disgust, X.An.2.1.9.4 weighty, grave,ἐπιστολαί 2 Ep.Cor.10.10
;αἰτιώματα Act.Ap.25.7
;τὰ βαρύτερα τοῦ νόμου Ev.Matt.23.23
; ample, .II of persons, severe, stern,β. ἐπιτιμητής A. Pr.77
; , cf. S.OT 546;Κύπρι βαρεῖα Theoc.1.100
; wearisome, troublesome, E.Supp. 894, Pl.Tht. 210c, etc.; , S.Fr. 753;γείτονες Plb.1.10.6
.2 overbearing,σεμνότεροι ἢ βαρύτεροι Arist.Rh. 1391a27
(butσεμνὸς καὶ β. Str.14.1.42
);ὑπερήφανοι καὶ β. Plu.2.279c
; important, powerful,πόλις Plb.1.17.5
, etc.3 of soldiers, heavy-armed, X.Cyr.5.3.37 (s.v.l.); of the ([comp] Comp.);τὰ β. τῶν ὅπλων Plb.1.76.3
.III of impressions on the senses,1 of sound, strong, deep, bass, opp. to ὀξύς, Od.9.257, S.Ph. 208, Pl.Prt. 332c, Arist.EN 1125a14, etc.;βαρὺ ἀμβόασον A.Pers. 572
(lyr.); Aër.15; βαρύτατα ὑπακούειν, of diseases, Id.Prorrh.2.39;πενθεῖν Ael.VH12.1
; esp. of musical pitch, low, opp.ὀξύς, βαρυτάτη χορδή Pl.Phdr. 268e
; ἆχος, φωνά, Archyt. I, cf. Arist.EE 1235a28, Aristox.Harm.p.3 M.; of accent, grave,ἀντὶ ὀξείας τῆς μέσης συλλαβῆς βαρεῖαν ἐφθεγξάμεθα Pl. Cra. 399b
;ὀξείᾳ καὶ βαρείᾳ καὶ μέσῃ φωνῇ Arist.Rh. 1403b30
, etc.: hence ἡ βαρεῖα (sc. προσῳδία) accentus gravis, D.T.630.1, etc.;β. τάσις D.H.Comp.11
, A.D.Synt.307.13;β. τόνος D.T.674.13
, cf.A.D.Pron. 36.5;β. συλλαβή
unaccented,Id.
Synt.100.8, al. Adv. with the accent thrown back,Id.
Pron.51.1, Ath.2.53b: [comp] Comp.-ύτερον, opp. ὀξύτερον ([etym.] ου) opp. οὗ), Arist.SE 178a3 (but, on a lower note, ).2 of smell, strong, offensive, Hdt.6.119. -
113 βραχίων
A arm (opp. πῆχυς, Pl.Ti. 75a, but = πῆχυς, Arist.MA 698b2), Il.13.529, Hdt.5.12, X.Eq.12.5, Arist.HA 493b26, etc.; πρυμνὸς βραχίων the shoulder, Il.13.532, 16.323; also, shoulder of beasts, ib. 594b13:—Poet. as a symbol of strength, ἐκ βραχιόνων by force of arm, E.Supp. 478.------------------------------------Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > βραχίων
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114 γε
γε, [dialect] Dor. and [dialect] Boeot. [full] γα, enclitic Particle, giving emphasis to the word or words which it follows.I with single words, at least, at any rate, but often only to be rendered by italics in writing, or emphasis in pronunciation: τὸ γὰρ.. σιδήρου γε κράτος ἐστίν such is the power of iron, Od.9.393; εἴ που πτωχῶν γε θεοὶ.. εἰσίν if the poor have any gods to care for them, 17.475;μάλιστά γε 4.366
; ὅ γ' ἐνθάδε λεώς at any rate the people here, S.OC42, etc.: with negs., οὐ δύο γε not even two, Il.5.303, 20.286; οὔκουν φθόγγος γε not the least sound, E.IA9.2 with Pronouns: with Pron. of [ per.] 1st Pers. so closely joined, that the accent is changed, in ἔγωγε, ἔμοιγε (also ἔγωγα [dialect] Lacon., but ἐγώνγα, ἰώνγα [dialect] Boeot.): in Hom. freq. with Art. used as Pron., v. ὅ γε: with demonstr. Pronouns, κεῖνός γε, τοῦτό γε, etc.: in Com. coalescing with -ί final, ; τουτογί, ταυταγί, etc., Id.V. 781, Pax 1057, etc. (but ): after possess. Pronouns,ἐμόν γε θυμόν Il.20.425
, etc.: freq. after relat. Pronouns, ὅς γε, οἵ γε, etc.,οἵ γέ σου καθύβρισαν S.Ph. 1364
;ὅς γ' ἐξέλυσας δασμόν Id.OT35
, etc.; ὅσον γε χρῄζεις even as much as.., ib. 365;οἷόν γέ μοι φαίνεται Pl.R. 329a
: rarely with interrog. Pronouns,τίνα γε.. εἶπας
;E.
Tr. 241; ;S.
Ph. 441.3 after Conjunctions, to emphasize the modification or condition introduced by the subjoined clause, πρίν γε, before at least, sts. repeated,οὐ μὲν.. ὀΐω πρίν γ' ἀποπαύσεσθαι, πρίν γε.. αἵματος ἆσαι Ἀρῆα Il.5.288
, cf. Od.2.127; πρὶν ἄν γε or πρίν γ' ἄν, Ar.Eq. 961, Ra.78, etc.; ; ;ἐπεί γε X.An.1.3.9
;ἐπειδή γε Th.6.18
;ὅπου γε X.Cyr.2.3.11
; εἴ γε, ἐάν γε, if that is to say, if really, Th.6.18, Pl.Phdr.25<*>c; also simply to lay stress on the condition, κἄν γε μὴ λέγω and if I do not.., Ar.Ach. 317; εἴπερ γε if at any rate, Hdt.7.16.γ, 143, etc.; ὥστε γε (v.l. ὥς γε), with inf., so far at least as to.., Pl.Phdr. 230b;ὥς γ' ἐμοὶ χρῆσθαι κριτῇ E.Alc. 801
; ὥς γε or ὥσπερ γε as at least, S.Ant. 570, OT 715, etc.:—γε may follow τε, when τε is closely attached to the preceding word,ὡς οἷόν τέ γε μάλιστα X.Mem.4.5.2
, Pl.R. 412b; ; :—for its use in opposed or disjunctive clauses, v. infr. 11.3.4 after other Particles, καὶ μὴν.. γε, οὐ μὴν.. γε, with words intervening, X.Mem.1.4.12, E.Alc. 518, etc.; after ἄν in apodosi, when preceded by οὐ or καί, Id.Ph. 1215, Or. 784; ἄταρ.. γε but yet, Ar.Ach. 448; καίτοι γε, v. καί τοι; ἀλλά γε (without intervening words) is f.l. in Pl.Hp.Ma. 287b (leg. ἀλλ' ἄγε), R. 331b ( ἀλλά γε ἕν codd.,ἀλλὰ ἕν γε Stob.
); ἀλλά γε δή dub. in Id.Phdr.262a; later, Plu.2.394c, Ael.NA10.49 codd.: but,5 when preceding other Particles, γε commonly refers to the preceding word, while the Particle retains its own force: but sts. modifies the sense of the following Particle, γε μήν nevertheless,πάντως γε μήν Ar.Eq. 232
, cf. E.El. 754, X., etc.; [dialect] Ep. and [dialect] Ion.γε μέν Il.2.703
, Od.4.195, Hdt.7.152; , S.Tr. 484; , X.An.2.3.9, etc.: γε δή freq. strengthens an assertion, A.Pr.42, Th.2.62, etc.;οἰόμεθά γε δή Pl.Euthd. 275a
(cf. also 11.1); γέ τοι, implying that the assertion is the least that one can say, Ar.V. 934, Pl. 424, 1041, etc.; ; , Pl.Phdr. 264b;γέ τοί που Id.Lg. 888e
; , etc.; γέ που at all events, any how, Ar. Ach. 896, Pl.R. 607d, 478a, etc.; for γε οὖν, v. γοῦν.II exercising an influence over the whole clause:1 epexegetic, namely, that is, Διός γε διδόντος that is if God grant it, Od.1.390; κλῦθι, Ποσείδαον.., εἰ ἐτεόν γε σός εἰμι if indeed I am really thine, 9.529: hence to limit, strengthen or amplify a general assertion, ἀνὴρ.. ὅστις πινυτός γε any man— at least any wise man, 1.229; freq. preceded by καί, usu. with words intervening, ἦ μὴν κελεύσω κἀπιθωΰξω γε πρός ay and besi <*>es that.., A.Pr.73; παρῆσάν τινες καὶ πολλοί γε some, ay and a great many, Pl.Phd. 58d;καὶ γελοίως γε Id.R. 531a
; freq. with the last term in an enumeration,ταύτῃ ἄρα.. πρακτέον καὶ γυμναστέον καὶ ἐδεστέον γε καὶ ποτέον Id.Cri. 47b
;ὄψεις τε καὶ ἀκοαὶ καὶ.. καὶ ἡδοναί γε δή Id.Tht. 156b
; repeated, ; rarely without intervening words,καί γε ὁ θάνατος διὰ τὴν μοίρην ἔλαχεν Hp.Septim.9
, cf. Lys.11.7 codd.;καί γε.. ἐκχεῶ Act.Ap.2.18
: hence,2 in dialogue, in answers where something is added to the statement of the previous speaker, as ἔπεμψέ τίς σοι.. κρέα; Answ. καλῶς γε ποιῶν yes and quite right too, Ar.Ach. 1049; κενὸν τόδ' ἄγγος, ἢ στέγει τι; Answ. σά γ' ἔνδυτα .. yes indeed, your clothes, E. Ion 1412; οὕτω γὰρ ἂν μάλιστα δηχθείη πόσις. Answ. σὺ δ' ἂν γένοιο γ' ἀθλιωτάτη γυνή yes truly, and you.., Id.Med. 817, cf. S.OT 680, etc.; πάνυ γε yes certainly, Pl.Euthphr.8e, etc.; οὕτω γέ πως yes somehowso, Id.Tht. 165c; sts. preceded by καί, καὶ οὐδέν γ' ἄτοπον yes and no wonder, ib. 142b, cf. d, 147e; sts. ironically,εὖ γε κηδεύεις πόλιν E.IT 1212
.3 to heighten a contrast or opposition,a after conditional clauses, εἰ μὲν δὴ σύ γ'.., τῷ κε Ποσειδάων γε .. if you do so, then at all events Poseidon will.., Il.15.49 sq.; ἐπεὶ πρὸς τοῦτο σιωπᾶν ἥδιόν σοι.. τόδε γε εἰπέ at any rate tell me this, X.Cyr. 5.5.20;εἰ μὴ τὸ ὅλον, μέρος γ' ἐπιβάλλει D.18.272
:—sts. in the protasis, εἰ γὰρ μὴ ἑκόντες γε.. ἀλλ' ἀέκοντας .. Hdt.4.120.b in disjunctive sentences to emphasize an alternative, ἤτοι κεῖνόν γε.. δεῖ ἀπόλλυσθαι ἢ σέ .. Id.1.11; ;πατὴρ δ' ἐμός.. ζώει ὅ γ' ἢ τέθνηκε Od.2.131
, cf. Il.10.504: also in the second clause,εἰπέ μοι, ἠὲ ἑκὼν ὑποδάμνασαι ἤ σέ γε λαοὶ ἐχθαίρουσι Od.3.214
, cf. Hdt.7.10.θ, S.OT 1098 sq.4 in exclamations, etc., ὥς γε μή ποτ' ὤφελον λαβεῖν dub. in E.IA70, cf. S.OC 977, Ph. 1003, Ar.Ach.93, 836, etc.; in oaths, οὔτοι μὰ τὴν Δήμητρά γ' v.l. in Ar.Eq. 698;μὰ τὸν Ποσειδῶ γ' οὐδέποτ' Id.Ec. 748
;καὶ ναὶ μὰ Δία γε X.Ap.20
;καὶ νὴ Δία γε Ar.Eq. 1350
, D.Chr.17.4, Luc. Merc.Cond.28, Lib.Or.11.59, etc.: with words intervening, καὶ νὴ Δί', ὦ ἄνδρες Ἀθηναῖοι, ἕτεροί γε .. D.13.16;νὴ Δία, ὦ Ἀθηναῖοι, ὥρα γε ὑμῖν X.HG7.1.37
; merely in strong assertions, τίς ἂν φιλέοντι μάχοιτο; ἄφρων δὴ κεῖνός γέ .. Od.8.209, etc.5 implying concession, εἶμί γε well then I will go (in apodosi), E.HF 861;δρᾶ γ' εἴ τι δράσεις Id.IA 817
, cf. Andr. 239.III γε freq. repeated in protasis and apodosis, as πρίν γε.., πρίν γε, v. supr.1.3;εἰ μή γε.. τινὶ μείζονι, τῇ γε παρούσῃ ἀτιμίᾳ Lys.31.29
; even in the same clause, , cf. Hdt.1.187, E.Ph. 554, Pl.R. 335b, Grg. 502a.IV POSITION: γε normally follows the word which it limits; but is freq. placed immediately after the Article, asὅ γε πόλεμος Th.1.66
, etc.; or the Prep.,κατά γε τὸν σὸν λόγον X.Cyr.3.1.15
;ἔν γε ταῖς Θήβαις S.OT 1380
; orδέ, νῦν δέ γε Pl.Tht. 144e
; τὸ δέ γε ib. 164b;δοῖμεν δέ γέ που ἄν Id.R. 607d
, cf. Phd. 94a, etc.; freq. in retorts, ἁμές ποκ' ἦμες ἄλκιμοι νεανίαι. Answ.ἁμὲς δέ γ' εἰμές Carm.Pop.18
; οὐκ οἶδ' ὅτι λέγεις. Answ.ἡ γραῦς δέ γε οἶδ', ὡς ἐγῷμαι Men.Epit. 577
, cf. A.Th. 1031, etc. -
115 γεράνδρυον
A an old tree or stump, Ph.2.437, Plu.2.796b, etc.: hence of an old person, Aristaen.2.1: heterocl. pl., γεράνδρυες, Hsch.2 as Adj., old, withered, Thphr.HP2.7.2, A.R.1.1118, Jul.Ep.98;γ. πρέμνα Dsc.4.186
. ([pron. full] ῡ A.R. l.c., [pron. full] ῠ AP9.233 (Eryc.).)Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > γεράνδρυον
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116 γίγνομαι
γίγνομαι, [dialect] Ion. and after Arist. [full] γίνομαι [pron. full] [ῑ], ([dialect] Att. Inscrr. have γιγν- in fifth and fourth cent., cf. IG2.11.9, 1055.25, etc.); Thess. [full] γίνυμαι IG9(2).517.22; [dialect] Boeot. [full] γίνιουμαι ib.7.3303: [tense] fut. γενήσομαι: [tense] aor. ἐγενόμην (A , al. ([etym.] προ-) Decr.Byz. ap. D.18.90), [dialect] Ion. [ per.] 2sg.γένευ Il.5.897
, [ per.] 3sg.γενέσκετο Od.11.208
, , Sapph.16, Pi.P.3.87, Parm.8.20, IG4.492 ([place name] Mycenae), prob.in Scol. 19; [dialect] Ep. , Emp.98.5, Call.Jov.1.50, Theoc.14.27, etc. ([etym.] gṇ-το): [tense] pf.γέγονα Il.19.122
, etc.: [ per.] 3pl.γέγοναν Apoc.21.6
: [tense] plpf.ἐγεγόνει Lys.31.17
, etc.; [dialect] Ion.ἐγεγόνεε Hdt.2.2
; [dialect] Ep. forms (as if from [tense] pf. γέγᾰα), [ per.] 2pl.γεγάᾱτε Batr.143
;γεγάᾱσι Il.4.325
, freq. in Od.: [ per.] 3pl. γεγᾱκᾰσιν cj. in Emp.23.10: [ per.] 3 dual [tense] plpf. ἐκ-γεγάτην [ᾰ] Od.10.138; inf. γεγάμεν [ᾰ] Pi.O.9.110, ([etym.] ἐκ) Il.5.248, etc.; part. γεγᾰώς -ᾰυῖα, pl.-ᾰῶτες, -ᾰυῖαι Hom.
, etc., [var] contr.γεγώς, -ῶσα S.Aj. 472
, E.Med. 406; inf.γεγᾱκειν Pi.O.6.49
: [voice] Med. forms ἐκγεγάασθε Epigr.Hom.16, ἐκ-γεγάονται (in [tense] fut. sense) h.Ven. 197 (s.v.l.):—[voice] Pass. forms, [tense] fut. γενηθήσομαι (only in Pl.Prm. 141e, οὔτε γενήσεται, οὔτε γενηθήσεται, cf. Procl.in Prm.p.963 S.): [tense] aor.ἐγενήθην Epich.209
, Archyt.1, Hp.Epid.6.8.32,7.3, later [dialect] Att., Philem. 95.2 and 167, IG2.630b10 (i B. C.) and Hellenistic Gk., Plb.2.67.8, D.S.13.51: [tense] pf.γεγένημαι Simon.69
, freq. in [dialect] Att. Poets and Prose, in [dialect] Att. inscr. first in cent. iv, IG2.555: [ per.] 3pl.γεγενέανται Philet.
ap.Eust.1885.51: [tense] plpf.ἐγεγένητο Th.7.18
, al.; cf. γείνομαι:— come into a new state of being: hence,I abs., come into being opp. εἶναι, Emp.17.11, Pl.Phd. 102e, cf. Ti. 29a; and so,1 of persons, to be born, νέον γεγαώς new born, Od.19.400; ὑπὸ Τμώλῳ γεγαῶτας born (and so living) under Tmolus, Il.2.866;ἢ πρόσθε θανεῖν ἢ ἔπειτα γ. Hes.Op. 175
; γιγνομέναισι λάχη τάδ'.. ἐκράνθη at our birth, A.Eu. 347;γ. ἔκ τινος Il.5.548
, Hdt.7.11;πατρὸς ἐκ ταὐτοῦ E.IA 406
, cf. Isoc.5.136;σέθεν.. ἐξ αἵματος A.Th. 142
; less freq.ἀπό τινος Hdt.8.22
, etc.; , etc.; γεγονέναι κακῶς, καλῶς, Ar.Eq. 218, Isoc.7.37, etc.; κάλλιον, εὖ, Hdt. 1.146, 3.69; τὸ μὴ γενέσθαι not to have been born, A.Fr. 401: freq. with Numerals,ἔτεα τρία καὶ δέκα γεγονώς Hdt.1.119
;ἀμφὶ τὰ πέντε ἢ ἑκκαίδεκα ἔτη γενόμενος X.Cyr.1.4.16
;γεγονὼς ἔτη περὶ πεντήκοντα D. 21.154
; οἱ ὑπὲρ τὰ στρατεύσιμα ἔτη γεγονότες those of an age beyond.., X.Cyr.1.2.4: c. gen., , etc.: rarely with ordinals,ὀγδοηκοστὸν ἔτος γεγονώς Luc.Macr. 22
, cf. Plu.Phil.18.2 of things, to be produced,ὅσα φύλλα καὶ ἄνθεα γίγνεται ὥρῃ Od.9.51
; opp. ὄλλυσθαι, Parm.8.13,40; opp. ἀπόλλυσθαι, Anaxag.17, cf. Pl.R. 527b, etc.; opp. ἀπολείπειν, Diog. Apoll.7; opp. ἀπολήγειν, Emp.17.30;τὰ γιγνόμενα καὶ ἐξ ὧν γίγνεται Pl.Phlb. 27a
;ἁπλῇ διηγήσει ἢ διὰ μιμήσεως γ. Id.R. 392d
;ὁ ἐκ τῆς χώρας γιγνόμενος σῖτος X.Mem.3.6.13
; τὰ ἐν ἀγρῷ γιγνόμενα ib.2.9.4; of profits,καρποὶ οἱ ἐξ ἀγελῶν γ. Id.Cyr.1.1.2
, etc.; τὰ ἆθλα ἀπὸ τεττάρων ταλάντων ἐγένοντο were the produce of, i.e. were worth, 4 talents, Id.HG4.2.7; τὸ ἀπὸ τῶν αἰχμαλώτων γενόμενον ἀργύριον produced by [the ransom of].., Id.An.5.3.4; of sums, ὁ γεγονὼς ἀριθμὸς τῶν ψήφων the total of the votes, Pl.Ap. 36a; ἕκατον εἴκοσι στατήρων γίγνονται τρισχίλιαι τριακόσιαι ἑξήκοντα [δραχμαί] 120 staters amount to 3, 360 drachmae, D.34.24; so in Math., of products,ὁ ἐξ αὐτῶν γενόμενος ἀριθμός Euc.7.24
; ἀριθμὸς γενόμενος ἑκατοντάκις multiplied by 100, Papp.10.13; of times of day,ὡς ἡ ἡμέρα ἐγένετο Th.7.81
, etc.;ἕως ἂν φῶς γένηται Pl.Prt. 311a
;ἅμα ἕῳ γιγνομένῃ Th.4.32
; of Time in general, elapse, ;χρόνου γενομένου D.S.20.109
.b falldue,οἱ γιγνόμενοι δασμοί X.An.1.1.8
;τοὺς τόκους τοὺς γ. Isoc.17.37
; τὸ τίμημα τὸ γ., τὸ γ. ἀργύριον, D.24.82, Syngr. ap. eund.35.11;τὸ γ. μέρος X.HG7.4.33
;τὸ γ. τοῖ πλήθι τᾶς ζαμίαυ IG5(2).6
A20 (Tegea, iv B. C.): c. dat.,τὸ γ. τινὶ ἔλαιον UPZ 19.32
(ii B. C.);τοῖς γείτοσι τὸ γ. Thphr.Fr.97
;τὰ γ.
dues,PHib.
1.92 and 111 (iii B. C.): hence γιγνόμενος regular, normal, τίμημα, χάρις, D. 38.25; ἐν ταῖς γ. ἡμέραις in the usual number of days, X.Cyr.5.4.51; freq. in later Gk., as Luc.Tox.18, etc.3 of events, take place, come to pass, and in past tenses to be,καί σφιν ἄχος κατὰ θυμὸν ἐγίγνετο Il.13.86
, etc.;μάχη ἐγεγόνει Pl.Chrm. 153b
, etc.; ;ἡ νόσος ἤρξατο γίγνεσθαι Id.2.47
; πνεῦμα εἰώθει γ. ib.84; τὰ Ὀλύμπια γίγνεται, τραγῳδοὶ γίγνονται, are held, X.HG7.4.28, Aeschin.3.41, etc.; ψήφισμα γ. is passed, X.Cyr.2.2.21; πιστὰ γ., ὅρκοι γ., pledges are given, oaths taken, ib.7.4.3, D.19.158; γίγνεταί τι ὑπό τινος (masc.), X.An.7.1.30, (neut.) Pl.Tht. 200e;τὰ γιγνόμενα ὑπὸ τῶν Ἀθηναίων Th.6.88
;τὰ γενόμενα ἐξ ἀνθρώπων Hdt.Praef.
;ὕβρισμα ἐκ τῶν Σαμίων γενόμενον Id.3.48
;ἀπό τινος γ. X.An.5.6.30
;παρά τινος Pl.R. 614a
; ὃ μὴ γένοιτο which God forbid, D.10.27,28.21; but γένοιτο, = Amen, LXX Is.25.1; γένοιτο γένοιτο ib.Ps.71(72).19: Math., γεγονέτω suppose it done, Euc.6.23, etc.; it is done,Apoc.
16.17: c. dat. et part., γίγνεταί τί μοι βουλομένῳ, ἀσμένῳ (v. βούλομαι, ἄσμενος) ; οὐκ ἂν ἐμοί γε ἐλπομένῳ τὰ γένοιτο, i.e. I could not hope to see these things take place, Od.3.228;ἡδομένοισι ἡμῖν οἱ λόγοι γεγόνασι Hdt.9.46
, etc.; of sacrifices, omens, etc., οὐ γάρ σφι ἐγίνετο τὰ σφάγια χρηστά ib.61, cf.62;τὰ ἱερὰ καλὰ ἐγένετο X.An.6.4.9
: abs., τὰ διαβατήρια ἐγ. were favourable, Th.5.55;θυομένῳ οὐκ ἐγίγνετο τὰ ἱερά X.HG3.1.17
: in neut. part., τὸ γενόμενον the event, the fact, Th.6.54; τὰ γενόμενα the facts, X.Cyr.3.1.9, etc.;τὸ γιγνόμενον Pl.Tht. 161b
, etc.; τὰ γεγενημένα the past, X.An.6.2.14; τὸ γενησόμενον the future, Th.1.138; τὰ γεγονότα, opp. ὄντα, μέλλοντα, Pl.R. 392d, cf. Lg. 896a: of Time, ;ἕως ἄν τινες χρόνοι γένωνται Pl.Phd. 108c
; but in [tense] pf. and [tense] plpf., to have passed,ὡς διετὴς χρόνος ἐγεγόνεε Hdt.2.2
;πρὶν ἓξ μῆνας γεγονέναι Pl.Prt. 320a
: impers., ἐγένετο or γέγονεν ὥστε .. it happened, came to pass that.., X.HG5.3.10, Isoc. 6.40, etc.; ἐγένετο, ὡς ἤκουσεν.. καὶ ἐθυμώθη it came to pass, when he heard.. that.., LXX Ge.39.19;ἐγένετο ἐν τῷ πορεύεσθαι.. καὶ διήρχετο Ev.Luc.17.11
: c. inf., γίνεται εὑρεῖν it is possible to find, Thgn.639; ἐγένετο, c. acc. et inf., it came to pass that, Act.Ap.9.3, al., PAmh.2.135.10 (ii A. D.): c. dat. et inf.,ἐάν σοι γένηται στραφῆναι Epict.Ench. 23
.1 folld. by Nouns and Adjs.,δηΐοισι δὲ χάρμα γ. Il.6.82
, cf. 8.282;σωτὴρ γενοῦ μοι A.Ch.2
;κωλυτὴς γ. τινός Th.3.23
; [οὖροι] νηῶν πομπῆες γ. Od.4.362
, etc.; πάντα δὲ γιγνόμενος πειρήσεται turning every way, ib. 417; παντοῖος γ., folld. by μή, c. inf., Hdt.3.124;παντοῖος γ. δεόμενος Id.7.10
.γ; ἐκ πλουσίου πένης γ. X.An.7.7.28
;δημοτικὸς ἐξ ὀλιγαρχικοῦ γ. Pl.R. 572d
: rarely c. part., μὴ προδοὺς ἡμᾶς γένῃ, i.e. προδότης ἡμῶν, S.Aj. 588, cf. Ph. 773;μὴ ἀπαρνηθεὶς γένῃ Pl.Sph. 217c
;ἀποτετραμμένοι ἐγένοντο Th. 3.68
, etc.: with Pron., τί γένωμαι ; what am I to become, i.e. what is to become of me? A.Th. 297, cf. Theoc.15.51;οὐκ ἔχοντες ὅτι γένωνται Th.2.52
; less freq. with masc.,οὐδ' ἔχω τίς ἂν γενοίμαν A.Pr. 905
;γίγνονται πάνθ' ὅτι βούλονται Ar.Nu. 348
.b in past tenses, having ceased to be, ὁ γενόμενος στρατηγός the ex-strategus, POxy.38.11 (i A. D.); ἡ γ. γυνή τινος the former wife, PFlor.99.4 (i/ii A. D.).2 with Advbs.,κακῶς χρῆν Κανδαύλῃ γενέσθαι Hdt.1.8
; εὖ, καλῶς, ἡδέως γ., it goes well, etc., X.An.1.7.5, Arr.Epict.3.24.97, LXX To. 7.9; with personal construction,οἱ παρὰ Πλάτωνι δειπνήσαντες ἐς αὔριον ἡδέως γίγνονται Plu.2.127b
; δίχα γ. τοῦ σώματος to be parted from.., X.Cyr.8.7.20; τριχῇ γ. to be in three divisions, Id.An.6.2.16; γ. ἐμποδών, ἐκποδών, E.Hec. 372, X.HG6.5.38, etc.3 folld. by oblique cases of Nouns,a c. gen., γ. τῶν δικαστέων, τῶν γεραιτέρων, become one of.., Hdt.5.25, X.Cyr.1.2.15, cf. Ar.Nu. 107, etc.;βουλῆς γεγονώς D.C.36.28
(cf. supr.1.b); fall to, belong to,ἡ νίκη Ἀγησιλάου ἐγεγένητο X.HG4.3.20
; to be under control of,ὁ νοῦς ὅταν αὑτοῦ γένηται S. OC 660
, cf. Pl.Phdr. 250a (s. v.l.);ὑμῶν αὐτῶν γενέσθαι D.4.7
(alsoἐντὸς ἑωυτοῦ γ. Hdt.1.119
;ἐν ἑαυτῷ γ. X.An.1.5.17
;ἐν σαυτοῦ γενοῦ S.Ph. 950
);τὴν πόλιν ἐλπίδος μεγάλης γινομένην Plu.Phoc.23
: of things, to be at, i.e. cost, so much, , cf.X.Oec.20.23.c with Preps., γ. ἀπὸ δείπνου, ἐκ θυσίας, have done.., Hdt.2.78, 1.50; πολὺν χρόνον γ. ἀπό τινος to be separated from.., X.Mem.1.2.25; γ. εἴς τι turn into,τὸ κακὸν γ. εἰς ἀγαθόν Thgn.162
; freq. in LXX,ἐγενήθη μοι εἰς γυναῖκα Ge.20.12
; εἰς βρῶσιν ib.La.4.10; εἰς οὐδέν, εἰς κενόν, Act.Ap.5.36, 1 Ep.Thess. 3.5;ἐς Αακεδαίμονα Hdt.5.38
(in Hom. even without Prep.,ἐμὲ χρεὼ γ. Od.4.634
); γ. τι εἴς τινα comes to him, of a dowry, Is.3.36; of a ward, And.1.117; γ. ἐξ ὀφθαλμῶν τινι to be out of sight, Hdt.5.24; ἐξ ἀνθρώπων γ. disappear from.., Paus.4.26.6;γ. ἐν Χίῳ Hdt.5.33
, etc.; γ. ἐν .., to be engaged in.., οἱ ἐν ποιήσει γινόμενοι in poetry, Id.2.82; ἐν [πολέμῳ] Th.1.78;ἐν πείρᾳ γ. τινος X.An.1.9.1
; ἐν ὀργῇ, ἐν αἰτίᾳ πρός τινα γ., Plu.Flam.16, Rom.7; of things, ἐν καιρῷ γ. to be in season, X.HG4.3.2;ἐν τύχῃ γ. τινί τι Th.4.73
; γ. διὰ γηλόφων, of a road, X.An.3.4.24; but δι' ἔχθρας γ. τινί to be at enmity with, Ar.Ra. 1412; γ. ἐπὶ ποταμῷ arrive or be at.., Hdt.1.189, etc.; γ. ἐπί τινι fall into or be in one's power, X.An.3.1.13, etc.;ἐπὶ συμφοραῖς γ. D.21.58
codd. (- ᾶς Schaefer); γ. ἐπί τινι, also, to be set over.., X.Cyr.3.3.53; γ. ἐφ' ἡμῶν αὐτῶν to be alone, Aeschin.2. 36;γ. ἐπὶ τῆς διοικήσεως D.C.43.48
; γ. ἐπ' ἐλπίδος to be in hope, Plu.Sol.14: Math., γ. ἐπὶ ἀριθμόν to be multiplied into a number, Theol.Ar.3; γ. κατά τινα or τι to be near.. or opposite to.., in battle, X.Cyr.7.1.14, HG4.2.18; but κατὰ ξυστάσεις γ. to be formed into groups, Th.2.21;καθ' ἓν γ. Id.3.10
; καθ' αὑτοὺς γ. to be alone, D.10.52; γ. μετὰ τοῦ θείου to be with God, X.Cyr.8.7.27, etc.;ἡ νίκη γ. σύν τινι Id.Ages.2.13
; γ. παρ' ἀμφοτέροις τοῖς πράγμασι to be present on both sides, Th.5.26; γ. παρά τι to depend upon.., D.18.232; γ. περὶ τὸ συμβουλεύειν to be engaged in.., Isoc.3.12; γενοῦ πρός τινα go to So-and-so, PFay. 128, etc.; γ. πρὸς τῇ καρδίᾳ to be at or near.., Pl.Phd. 118, etc.; γ. πρός τινι to be engaged in.., Isoc. 12.270, D.18.176; αὐτὸς πρὸς αὑτῷ meditate, Plu.2.151c; soγ. πρὸς τὸ ἰᾶσθαι Pl.R. 604d
;πρὸς παρασκευήν Plb.1.22.2
: impers.,ἐπεὶ πρὸς ἡμέραν ἐγίγνετο X.HG2.4.6
; γενέσθαι πρός τινων to be inclined towards them, Hdt.7.22; γ. πρὸ ὁδοῦ to be forward on the way, Il.4.382; γ. ὑπό τινι to be subject to.., Hdt.7.11, Th.7.64; γ. ὑπὸ ταῖς μηχαναῖς to be under the protection of.., X.Cyr.7.1.34.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > γίγνομαι
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117 δακτυλίδιον
A ring, IG11(2).161B119 (Delos, iii B. C.), BGU1104.13 (8 B.C.), PAmh.126.55 (ii A. D.), Poll.2.155, 5.100, BGU843.8, etc., but rejected by Atticists, cf. AB88.II [full] δακτυλίδιον [pron. full] [λῐ], τό, Dim. of δάκτυλος, toe, Ar. Lys. 417.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > δακτυλίδιον
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118 δάψιλδε
δάψιλ-δε, an enclitic post-position: joined,I to names of Places in the acc., to denote motion towards that place, οἶκόνδε ([dialect] Att. οἴκαδε ) home-wards, ἅλαδε sea-wards, Οὔλυμπόνδε to Olympus, Αἴγυπτόνδε to the Nile, θύραζε (for θύρασδε) to the door (v. sub vocc.); repeated with the possess. Pron.,ὅνδε δόμονδε Il.16.445
; sts. afterεἰς, εἰς ἅλαδε Od.10.351
; after the gen. Ἄϊδόσδε.b to names of persons,Πηλεΐωνάδε Il.24.338
; to Prons., ἡμέτερόνδε, ὑμ-, Od.8.39, Il. 23.86; ὅνδε, v. supr. In [dialect] Att. mostly joined to the names of places, Ἐλευσῖνάδε, etc.; also Ἀθήναζε, Θήβαζε (for Ἀθήνασδε, Θήβασδε); rarely, in [dialect] Att., with appellatives, as οἴκαδε.c to time-words, βουλυτόνδε (v. βουλυτός).2 to denote purpose only,μήτι φόβονδ' ἀγόρευε Il.5.252
.II to the demonstr. Pron., to give it greater force, ὅδε, τοιόσδε, τοσόσδε, etc., such a man as this (v. sub vocc.).Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > δάψιλδε
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119 δηριάομαι
A contend, περὶ νεκροῦ δηριάασθαι (v.l. δηρίσασθαι) Il.17.734; ὥστ' ἀμφ' οὕροισι δὔ ἀνέρε δηριάασθον wrangle about boundaries, 12.421: abs.,ὅ τ' ἄριστοι.. δηριόωντο Od.8.78
;οἱ δ' αὐτοὶ δηριαάσθων Il.21.467
; δ. τινί contend with one, A.R.4.1729.— Later [voice] Act. [full] δηρῐάω, contest a prize, Pi.N.11.26;δίφροι δηριόωντες A.R.1.752
, cf. Opp.C.1.230.—From [full] δηρίομαι (used by Pi.O.13.44) Hom. has [tense] aor. 1 [voice] Med.δηρίσαντο Od.8.76
: [ per.] 3 dual [tense] aor. 1 [voice] Pass. δηρινθήτην (as if from δηρίνομαι) Il.16.756 (laterδηρινθῆναι A.R.2.16
,- θέντες Euph.98.3
): [tense] fut.δηρίσομαι Theoc.22.70
: also in [tense] aor. [voice] Act.,δηρισάντοιν Thgn.995
;οὐκ ἅν τοί τις ἐδήρισεν περὶ τιμῆς Theoc. 25.82
, cf. Lyc.1306. [[pron. full] ῐ in [tense] pres.; [pron. full] ῑ in [tense] fut. and [tense] aor.]Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > δηριάομαι
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120 διαμυδαλέος
Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > διαμυδαλέος
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