profundo

ē-vĕnĭo, vēni, ventum, 4 ( praes. subj. evenat, Enn. ap. Non. 507, 20; Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 3; id. Mil. 4, 1, 19:

evenant,

id. Ep. 3, 1, 2), v. n., to come out, come forth.

Lit. (very rare):

merses profundo: pulchrior evenit,

Hor. C. 4, 4, 65:

tota arundo serius praedicto tempore evenit,

comes up, grows up, Col. 4, 32, 2:

sine modo rus eveniat,

Plaut. Cas. 2, 8, 1:

Capuam,

id. Rud. 3, 2, 17; cf.:

evenit sermo Samuelis Israeli,

Vulg. 1 Reg. 3, 21.—Far more freq. and class.,

Trop.

In gen., to fall out, come to pass, happen; and with alicui, to befall, happen to, betide one (v. 2. accido, II., and 1. contingo, II. B. 3. b.):

in hominum aetate multa eveniunt hujusmodi,

Plaut. Am. 3, 2, 57 sq.; cf.:

maxime id in rebus publicis evenit,

Cic. Rep. 1, 44:

timebam, ne evenirent ea, quae acciderunt,

id. Fam. 6, 21; cf. id. Planc. 6, 15; Sall. C. 51, 26:

quid homini potest turpius, quid viro miserius aut acerbius usu venire? quod tantum evenire dedecus?

Cic. Quint. 15, 49:

quem (sc. tyrannum) si optimates oppresserunt, quod ferme evenit, habet, etc.,

id. Rep. 1, 42; cf.:

quod evenit saepius,

id. ib.:

quod plerumque evenit,

id. ib.; 2, 28 fin.:

hoc in hac conformatione rei publicae non sine magnis principum vitiis evenit,

id. ib. 1, 45 fin.:

ut alia Tusculi, alia Romae eveniat saepe tempestas,

id. Div. 2, 45:

quota enim quaeque res evenit praedicta ab istis? aut si evenit quippiam: quid afferri potest, cur non casu id evenerit?

id. ib. 2, 24, 52:

ubi pax evenerat,

had been concluded, Sall. C. 9, 3 et saep.:

vereor, ne idem eveniat in meas litteras,

that the same thing will happen to my letter, Cic. Fam. 2, 10.— Impers., it happens (cf.: accidit, incidit, contigit, obtingit, fit), with ut:

evenit, senibus ambobus simul Iter ut esset,

Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 15; so Cic. Inv. 1, 35; Brutus ap. Cic. de Or. 2, 55, 224; Quint. 1, 5, 28; 2, 12, 5 et saep.; with quod, Enn. ap. Non. 507, 20 (cf. 2. accido):

ob id, quod furtum fecit servus, evenit, quo minus eum habere domino liceat,

Dig. 30, 1, 45.—With dat.:

illi divitiae evenerunt maxumae,

Plaut. Men. prol. 67; cf.:

damna evenerunt maxuma misero mihi,

id. Stich. 1, 3, 56:

merito sibi ea evenerunt a me,

id. Capt. 2, 3, 55:

cum mihi nihil improviso evenisset,

Cic. Rep. 1, 4:

quibus (improbis) utinam ipsis evenissent ea, quae tum homines precabantur!

id. Sest. 33; cf. id. Fin. 1, 16, 53 et saep.:

L. Genucio consuli ea provincia sorte evenit,

fell to, Liv. 7, 6;

in the same sense without sorte,

Sall. J. 35, 3; Liv. 2, 40 fin.; 9, 41 et saep.: si quid sibi eveniret, if any thing should happen to himself, euphemist. for if he should die, Suet. Caes. 86 Ruhnk.; Vop. Prob. 6 fin.; cf.:

si in Pompeio quid humani evenisset,

Sall. H. Fragm. 5, 8, p. 244 ed. Gerl. (v. 2. accido, II.).—

In partic., to proceed, follow, result (as a consequence) from any thing; to turn out, issue, end in any way (cf. evado, I. B. 2.; evado is used both of [p. 667] persons and things, but evenio only of things):

eventus est alicujus exitus negotii, in quo quaeri solet, quid ex quaque re evenerit, eveniat, eventurum sit, etc.,

Cic. Inv. 1, 28, 42:

ut nobis haec habitatio bona, fausta, felix fortunataque eveniat,

Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 3:

quae (auspicia) sibi secunda evenerint,

Cic. Div. 1, 15, 27 (al. secunde); cf. Suet. Vit. 9:

cuncta prospera eventura,

Sall. J. 63, 1; cf. Liv. 21, 21; 37, 47:

quoniam quae occulte tentaverat, aspera foedaque evenerant (opp. prospere cessere),

Sall. C. 26 fin. Kritz.; cf.:

si adversa pugna evenisset,

Liv. 8, 31:

ut ea res mihi magistratuique bene atque feliciter eveniret,

Cic. Mur. 1; so,

bene ac feliciter,

Liv. 31, 5; cf. feliciter, * Caes. B. G. 4, 25, 3:

prospere,

Cic. Fam. 3, 12, 2 (with cadere); so,

prospere,

Plaut. Ps. 2, 1, 1; Cic. N. D. 2, 66 fin.; Liv. 9, 19:

bene,

Sall. J. 92, 3; cf.:

male istis eveniat,

Plaut. Curc. 1, 1, 39:

vides omnia fere contra ac dicta sint evenisse,

Cic. Div. 2, 24 fin.; cf.:

quod si fors aliter quam voles evenerit,

Plaut. Cas. 2, 5, 37:

si quid praeter spem evenit,

Ter. And. 2, 6, 5; id. Ad. 5, 3, 29; id. Phorm. 2, 1, 16; 21:

quoniam haec evenerunt nostra ex sententia,

Plaut. Men. 5, 9, 89; cf. Ter. Heaut. 4, 5, 17; id. Hec. 5, 4, 32:

istaec blanda dicta quo eveniant,

Plaut. Most. 2, 1, 48; so,

quo,

id. ib. 1, 2, 52; id. Bacch. 1, 2, 36; cf.

quorsum,

Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 118.—Hence, ēventum, i, n. (acc. to evenio, II.).

An occurrence, chance, event.

In gen. (rare):

semper me causae eventorum magis movent quam ipsa eventa,

Cic. Att. 9, 5, 2:

plurimorum seculorum et eventorum memoria,

id. Rep. 3, 9, 14:

si cujusque facti et eventi causa ponetur,

id. Part. Or. 9, 32.—

In Lucr. opp. conjunctum, of the external conditions, or accidents, of persons and things (as poverty, riches, freedom, etc.), Lucr. 1, 450; 458; 467; 470 al.—

Alicujus, that which befalls one, experience, fortune:

ei qui sciunt quid aliis acciderit, facile ex aliorum eventis suis rationibus possunt providere,

Auct. Her. 4, 9, 13:

ut te ex nostris eventis communibus admonendum putarem,

Cic. Fam. 1, 7, 9:

fabula rerum eventorumque nostrorum,

id. ib. 5, 12, 6:

cui omnia pendere ex alterius eventis coguntur,

id. Tusc. 5, 12, 36:

plures aliorum eventis docentur,

Tac. A. 4, 33.—

The issue, consequence, result, effect of an action (cf.: exitus, eventus, successus, obitus, occasus), freq. in Cic., usually plur.:

consilia eventis ponderare,

Cic. Rab. Post. 1;

so opp. facta,

id. Pis. 41; Fragm. ap. Non. 204, 6;

opp. causae,

id. Div. 1, 6 fin.; id. Top. 18:

quorum praedicta quotidie videat re et eventis refelli,

id. Div. 2, 47 fin. —In sing., Cic. Att. 3, 8, 4.

fervĕo, bŭi, 2, or fervo, vi, 3 (the latter form ante-and post-class., Plaut. Pseud. 3, 2, 51; Lucr. 2, 41 al.; poet. in class. per., e.g. Verg. G. 1, 456; id. A. 8, 677; Prop. 2, 8, 32;

not in Hor.: si quis antiquos secutus fervĕre brevi media syllaba dicat, deprehendatur vitiose loqui, etc.,

Quint. 1, 6, 7), v. n. [root phru-, to wave, flicker; Sanscr. bhur-, be restless; cf. phrear, Germ. Brunnen, Lat. fretum; v. Fick, Vergl. Wört. p. 140; Curt. Gr. Etym. p. 304], to be boiling hot, to boil, ferment, glow (class.; most freq. in poets.; syn.: calere, aestuare, ebullire, ardescere, ignescere; ardere, flagrare, tepere).

Lit.

Form ferveo:

cum aliqua jam parte mustum excoctum in se fervebit,

Col. 12, 19, 5:

quaecumque immundis fervent allata popinis,

steam, smoke, Hor. S. 2, 4, 62:

bacas bullire facies: et ubi diu ferbuerint,

Pall. Jan. 19:

exemptusque testa, Qua modo ferbuerat Lyaeus,

Stat. S. 4, 5, 16:

stomachus domini fervet vino,

Juv. 5, 49.—

Form fervo: fervit aqua et fervet: fervit nunc, fervet ad annum, Lucil. ap. Quint. 1, 6, 8: quando (ahenum) fervit, Titin. ap. Non. 503, 5: facite ut ignis fervat, Pomp. ap. Non. 504, 27:

postea ferve bene facito (brassicam): ubi ferverit, in catinum indito,

Cato, R. R. 157, 9:

sol fervit,

is hot, Gell. 2, 29, 10.—

In an uncertain form;

ferventem,

Plin. 32, 5, 18, § 51:

fervere,

id. 14, 9, 11, § 83.—

Poet. transf.

To boil up, foam, rage:

omne Excitat (turbo) ingenti sonitu mare, fervĕre cogens,

Lucr. 6, 442:

omnia tunc pariter vento nimbisque videbis Ferĕre,

Verg. G. 1, 456.—

To be in a ferment, to swarm with numbers; to come forth in great numbers, to swarm forth: fervĕre piratis vastarique omnia circum, Varr. ap. Non. 503, 22:

Marte Fervĕre Leucaten,

Verg. A. 8, 677; cf.:

opere omnis semita fervet... Quosque dabas gemitus, cum litora fervĕre late Prospiceres,

id. ib. 4, 407 sq.:

fora litibus omnia fervent,

Mart. 2, 64, 7:

forte tuas legiones per loca campi fervere cum videas,

Lucr. 2, 41:

fervere classem,

id. 2, 47; Att. ap. Paul. ex Fest. p. 78 Müll. (Trag. v. 483 Rib.):

fervent examina putri De bove,

Ov. F. 1, 379; Val. Fl. 6, 588; Sil. 6, 317; 9, 243 al.—

Trop., to burn or glow, to be heated, inflamed or agitated, to rage, rave.

Form ferveo:

usque eo fervet efferturque avaritia, ut, etc.,

Cic. Quint. 11, 38; cf.:

fervet avaritiā miseroque cupidine pectus,

Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 33:

et fervent multo linguaque corque mero,

Ov. F. 2, 732:

animus tumida fervebat ab ira,

id. M. 2, 602:

fervet immensusque ruit profundo Pindarus ore,

rages, Hor. C. 4, 2, 7: fervet opus redolentque thymo fragrantia mella, glows, i. e. is carried on briskly, Verg. G. 4, 169; Lucil. Aetna, 167:

inter vos libertorumque cohortem Pugna fervet,

Juv. 5, 29:

equus cui plurima palma fervet,

shines, id. 8, 59.— Poet., with inf.: sceptrumque capessere fervet, burns, i. e. eagerly desires, Claud. ap. Ruf. 2, 295:

stagna secare,

id. B. Gild. 350.—

Form fervo: heu cor irā fervit caecum, amentiā rapior ferorque, Att. ap. Non. 503, 7; cf.:

cum fervit maxime,

Ter. Ad. 4, 1, 18 (Prisc. p. 866 P.): hoc nunc fervit animus, hoc volo, Afran. ap. Non. 503, 9:

domus haec fervit flagiti,

Pomp. ib. 8:

se fervere caede Lacaenae,

Val. Fl. 7, 150; cf.:

hostem fervere caede novā,

Verg. A. 9, 693.— Pass. impers.: quanta vociferatione fervitur! Afran. ap. Non. 505, 25.— Hence, fervens, entis, P. a., boiling hot, glowing, burning.

Lit.:

foculi,

Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 67:

aqua,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 26, § 67; cf.:

ferventissima aqua,

Col. 12, 50, 21: ferventes fusili ex argilla glandes, * Caes. B. G. 5, 43, 1:

rotae,

swift, Sil. 2, 199; cf. Ov. P. 1, 8, 68:

aurum,

shining, Mart. 10, 74, 6:

in cinere ferventi leniter decoquere,

Plin. 25, 8, 50, § 90:

saxa vapore,

Lucr. 1, 491:

cera,

Plin. 11, 37, 45, § 127:

dictamnum fervens et acre gustu,

id. 25, 8, 53, § 92:

horae diei,

id. 17, 22, 35, § 189:

vulnus,

smoking, warm, Ov. M. 4, 120:

ferventia caedibus arva,

Sil. 9, 483:

(fluvius) Spumeus et fervens,

raging, Ov. M. 3, 571:

vultus modesto sanguine,

glowing, blushing, Juv. 10, 300.— Subst.:

si ferventia os intus exusserint,

Plin. 30, 4, 9, § 27.—

Transf., of sound, hissing:

(sono) resultante in duris, fervente in umidis,

Plin. 2, 80, 82, § 193.—

Trop., hot, heated, inflamed, impetuous:

fortis animus et magnus in homine non perfecto nec sapiente ferventior plerumque est,

too ardent and impetuous, Cic. Off. 1, 15, 46: ferventes latrones, violent, furious, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 23, 3:

quale fuit Cassi rapido ferventius amni Ingenium,

impetuous, Hor. S. 1, 10, 62:

meum Fervens difficili bile tumet jecur,

id. C. 1, 13, 4:

fervens ira oculis,

sparkling, Ov. M. 8, 466:

mero fervens,

drunken, Juv. 3, 283.— Sup.:

in re ferventissima friges,

Auct. Her. 4, 15, 21.— Hence, adv.: ferventer, hotly, warmly: ferventer loqui, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 8, 2; cf.:

ferventissime concerpi,

id. ib. 8, 6, 5:

ferventius,

Aug. de Genes. ad Lit. 2, 5.

immensus ( inm-), a, um, adj. [inmensus], immeasurable, boundless, endless, vast, immense (freq. and class.; syn.: infinitus, ingens, interminatus).

Adj.

Lit.:

si immensam et interminatam in omnes partes magnitudinem regionum videretis,

Cic. N. D. 1, 20, 54:

aëra deum statuit eumque gigni esseque immensum et infinitum,

id. ib. 1, 10, 26:

ex ingenti quodam oratorem immensoque campo in exiguum sane gyrum compellitis,

id. de Or. 3, 19, 70:

in mari immenso vehi,

id. Tusc. 1, 30, 73:

domus,

Ov. F. 6, 640:

mons,

Plin. 4, 13, 27, § 96:

via,

Ov. P. 3, 3, 78:

fines ingenii,

Cic. de Or. 1, 49, 214:

series laborum,

Ov. H. 9, 5:

jacuitque per antrum Immensus,

Verg. A. 3, 632; cf.:

omnis eorum juventus infinita numero, immensa corporibus,

Vell. 2, 106, 1:

argenti pondus et auri,

Cic. Rep. 1, 17; Hor. S. 1, 1, 41: pretiis [p. 892] emere, Suet. Calig. 39:

observata sunt haec tempore immenso,

Cic. Div. 1, 7, 12:

nox,

Ov. Tr. 4, 3, 25.—

Trop., vast, measureless, boundless:

morae,

Ov. H. 1, 82:

fletus,

id. M. 10, 136:

immensa vorago aut gurges vitiorum,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 9, § 23:

immensae, infinitae, immoderatae cupiditates,

Auct. Her. 2, 22, 34:

sitis cruoris,

Ov. M. 13, 768:

difficultas,

Plin. 28, 1, 2, § 4:

differentia,

id. 36, 5, 4, § 20: fervet immensusque ruit profundo Pindarus ore, fathomless (the fig. being taken from a river), Hor. C. 4, 2, 7:

immensum est, erratas dicere terras,

there is no end of recounting, Ov. F. 4, 573; cf.:

quod persequi immensum est,

Plin. 8, 28, 42, § 102.— Sup. (very rare):

immensissimae voluptates,

Spart. Hadr. 19.—

Subst.: immensum, i, n., a boundless extent, immense size, boundlessness, immensity (rare;

not in Cic.): extra Processit longe flammantia moenia mundi, Atque omne immensum peragravit mente animoque,

Lucr. 1, 74; cf. id. 1, 957:

loci,

Liv. 5, 37, 5:

per immensum ventis discordibus actus,

Ov. M. 4, 620:

proruta per immensum aedificia,

over a vast extent, Tac. A. 15, 40:

aliquid mercari immenso,

at an enormous price, Plin. 9, 40, 64, § 138:

mons saxeus in immensum editus,

Sall. J. 92, 5:

ardet in immensum geminatis ignibus Aetne,

Ov. M. 2, 220:

ad immensum aliquid augere,

Liv. 29, 25, 3:

aliquid immenso plus laudare,

immoderately, Plin. 20, 9, 36, § 92. —

Adv.: immensum, without end, exceedingly, immensely (not freq. till after the Aug. per.):

creverat immensum,

Ov. F. 5, 537:

immensum attolli,

Tac. A. 4, 40:

vigere,

id. ib. 3, 30:

luxus immensum proruperat,

id. ib. 3, 52:

immensum quantum hinc Oceano, illinc Hiberico mari conprimentibus,

exceedingly, Plin. 4, 20, 34, § 110; 16, 36, 66, § 172.

immensus ( inm-), a, um, adj. [inmensus], immeasurable, boundless, endless, vast, immense (freq. and class.; syn.: infinitus, ingens, interminatus).

Adj.

Lit.:

si immensam et interminatam in omnes partes magnitudinem regionum videretis,

Cic. N. D. 1, 20, 54:

aëra deum statuit eumque gigni esseque immensum et infinitum,

id. ib. 1, 10, 26:

ex ingenti quodam oratorem immensoque campo in exiguum sane gyrum compellitis,

id. de Or. 3, 19, 70:

in mari immenso vehi,

id. Tusc. 1, 30, 73:

domus,

Ov. F. 6, 640:

mons,

Plin. 4, 13, 27, § 96:

via,

Ov. P. 3, 3, 78:

fines ingenii,

Cic. de Or. 1, 49, 214:

series laborum,

Ov. H. 9, 5:

jacuitque per antrum Immensus,

Verg. A. 3, 632; cf.:

omnis eorum juventus infinita numero, immensa corporibus,

Vell. 2, 106, 1:

argenti pondus et auri,

Cic. Rep. 1, 17; Hor. S. 1, 1, 41: pretiis [p. 892] emere, Suet. Calig. 39:

observata sunt haec tempore immenso,

Cic. Div. 1, 7, 12:

nox,

Ov. Tr. 4, 3, 25.—

Trop., vast, measureless, boundless:

morae,

Ov. H. 1, 82:

fletus,

id. M. 10, 136:

immensa vorago aut gurges vitiorum,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 9, § 23:

immensae, infinitae, immoderatae cupiditates,

Auct. Her. 2, 22, 34:

sitis cruoris,

Ov. M. 13, 768:

difficultas,

Plin. 28, 1, 2, § 4:

differentia,

id. 36, 5, 4, § 20: fervet immensusque ruit profundo Pindarus ore, fathomless (the fig. being taken from a river), Hor. C. 4, 2, 7:

immensum est, erratas dicere terras,

there is no end of recounting, Ov. F. 4, 573; cf.:

quod persequi immensum est,

Plin. 8, 28, 42, § 102.— Sup. (very rare):

immensissimae voluptates,

Spart. Hadr. 19.—

Subst.: immensum, i, n., a boundless extent, immense size, boundlessness, immensity (rare;

not in Cic.): extra Processit longe flammantia moenia mundi, Atque omne immensum peragravit mente animoque,

Lucr. 1, 74; cf. id. 1, 957:

loci,

Liv. 5, 37, 5:

per immensum ventis discordibus actus,

Ov. M. 4, 620:

proruta per immensum aedificia,

over a vast extent, Tac. A. 15, 40:

aliquid mercari immenso,

at an enormous price, Plin. 9, 40, 64, § 138:

mons saxeus in immensum editus,

Sall. J. 92, 5:

ardet in immensum geminatis ignibus Aetne,

Ov. M. 2, 220:

ad immensum aliquid augere,

Liv. 29, 25, 3:

aliquid immenso plus laudare,

immoderately, Plin. 20, 9, 36, § 92. —

Adv.: immensum, without end, exceedingly, immensely (not freq. till after the Aug. per.):

creverat immensum,

Ov. F. 5, 537:

immensum attolli,

Tac. A. 4, 40:

vigere,

id. ib. 3, 30:

luxus immensum proruperat,

id. ib. 3, 52:

immensum quantum hinc Oceano, illinc Hiberico mari conprimentibus,

exceedingly, Plin. 4, 20, 34, § 110; 16, 36, 66, § 172.

immensus ( inm-), a, um, adj. [inmensus], immeasurable, boundless, endless, vast, immense (freq. and class.; syn.: infinitus, ingens, interminatus).

Adj.

Lit.:

si immensam et interminatam in omnes partes magnitudinem regionum videretis,

Cic. N. D. 1, 20, 54:

aëra deum statuit eumque gigni esseque immensum et infinitum,

id. ib. 1, 10, 26:

ex ingenti quodam oratorem immensoque campo in exiguum sane gyrum compellitis,

id. de Or. 3, 19, 70:

in mari immenso vehi,

id. Tusc. 1, 30, 73:

domus,

Ov. F. 6, 640:

mons,

Plin. 4, 13, 27, § 96:

via,

Ov. P. 3, 3, 78:

fines ingenii,

Cic. de Or. 1, 49, 214:

series laborum,

Ov. H. 9, 5:

jacuitque per antrum Immensus,

Verg. A. 3, 632; cf.:

omnis eorum juventus infinita numero, immensa corporibus,

Vell. 2, 106, 1:

argenti pondus et auri,

Cic. Rep. 1, 17; Hor. S. 1, 1, 41: pretiis [p. 892] emere, Suet. Calig. 39:

observata sunt haec tempore immenso,

Cic. Div. 1, 7, 12:

nox,

Ov. Tr. 4, 3, 25.—

Trop., vast, measureless, boundless:

morae,

Ov. H. 1, 82:

fletus,

id. M. 10, 136:

immensa vorago aut gurges vitiorum,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 9, § 23:

immensae, infinitae, immoderatae cupiditates,

Auct. Her. 2, 22, 34:

sitis cruoris,

Ov. M. 13, 768:

difficultas,

Plin. 28, 1, 2, § 4:

differentia,

id. 36, 5, 4, § 20: fervet immensusque ruit profundo Pindarus ore, fathomless (the fig. being taken from a river), Hor. C. 4, 2, 7:

immensum est, erratas dicere terras,

there is no end of recounting, Ov. F. 4, 573; cf.:

quod persequi immensum est,

Plin. 8, 28, 42, § 102.— Sup. (very rare):

immensissimae voluptates,

Spart. Hadr. 19.—

Subst.: immensum, i, n., a boundless extent, immense size, boundlessness, immensity (rare;

not in Cic.): extra Processit longe flammantia moenia mundi, Atque omne immensum peragravit mente animoque,

Lucr. 1, 74; cf. id. 1, 957:

loci,

Liv. 5, 37, 5:

per immensum ventis discordibus actus,

Ov. M. 4, 620:

proruta per immensum aedificia,

over a vast extent, Tac. A. 15, 40:

aliquid mercari immenso,

at an enormous price, Plin. 9, 40, 64, § 138:

mons saxeus in immensum editus,

Sall. J. 92, 5:

ardet in immensum geminatis ignibus Aetne,

Ov. M. 2, 220:

ad immensum aliquid augere,

Liv. 29, 25, 3:

aliquid immenso plus laudare,

immoderately, Plin. 20, 9, 36, § 92. —

Adv.: immensum, without end, exceedingly, immensely (not freq. till after the Aug. per.):

creverat immensum,

Ov. F. 5, 537:

immensum attolli,

Tac. A. 4, 40:

vigere,

id. ib. 3, 30:

luxus immensum proruperat,

id. ib. 3, 52:

immensum quantum hinc Oceano, illinc Hiberico mari conprimentibus,

exceedingly, Plin. 4, 20, 34, § 110; 16, 36, 66, § 172.

līmus, a, um ( līmis, e, Amm. 20, 9, 2; v. infra), adj. [Gr. lechrios, lechris, loxos; Lat. licinus, ob-liquus, luxus], sidelong, askew, aslant, askance.

Lit.:

limis oculis aspicere,

to look sideways, look askance, Plaut. Mil. 4, 6, 2:

limis subrisit ocellis,

Ov. Am. 3, 1, 33:

(leones) nec limis intuentur oculis aspicique simili modo nolunt,

Plin. 8, 16, 19, § 52:

limibus oculis eos contuens,

Amm. 20, 9.—So, limis aspicere (sc. oculis), Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 53:

limi, et ut sic dicam venerei (sc. oculi),

Quint. 11, 3, 76:

oculi contuitu quoque multiformes, truces et limi,

Plin. 11, 37, 54, § 145:

limi Di,

the guardian gods of obliquities, Arn. 4, 132.—

Transf., of persons, looking sideways: neque post respiciens, neque ante prospiciens, sed limus intra limites culinae, Varr. ap. Non. 133, 31; cf. id. ib. 442, 33.—Hence, adv.: līmō, sideways, askance:

leones numquam limo vident,

Sol. 27, 20; for which: limis oculis in Plin. 8, 16, 19, § 52 (v. the passage above).

līmus, i, m. [root lib-; Gr. leibô, to pour; cf. Lat. lino; Gr. limnê, limên], slime, mud, mire.

Lit.:

atque omnis mundi quasi limus in imum Confluxit gravis et subsedit funditus ut faex,

Lucr. 5, 496: luta et limum aggerebant, Cic. Fragm. ap. Non. 212, 16:

frumenti acervos sedisse illitos limo,

Liv. 2, 5:

profundo limo cum ipsis equis hausti sunt,

id. 31, 27:

amnis abundans Exit et obducto late tenet omnia limo,

Verg. G. 1, 116:

amnes Felicem trahunt limum,

id. ib. 2, 188:

limo Turbata aqua,

Hor. S. 1, 1, 59:

veteri craterae limus adhaesit,

id. ib. 2, 4, 80.—

Transf.

Excrement in the intestines, Pall. 3, 31.—

Dirt, mire:

limumque inducere monstrat,

Ov. F. 3, 759.—

Trop., filth, pollution, etc.:

pectora sic mihi sunt limo vitiata malorum,

Ov. P. 4, 2, 17.

līmus, i, m. [perh. for lig-mus, from ligo], a girdle or apron trimmed with purple, which the sacrificing priests and other servants of the magistrates wore about the abdomen:

velati limo,

Verg. A. 12, 120; cf.: limus autem est vestis, qua ab umbilico usque ad pedes teguntur pudenda poparum. Haec autem vestis in extremo sui purpuram limam, i. e. flexuosam habet. Unde et nomen accepit. Nam limum obliquum dicimus, Serv. ad Verg. l. l.: licio transverso, quod limum appellatur, cincti erant, Tiro ap. Gell. 12, 3, 3.

Līmus, i, m., the god of oblique glances, Arn. 4, cap. 9.

līmus, a, um ( līmis, e, Amm. 20, 9, 2; v. infra), adj. [Gr. lechrios, lechris, loxos; Lat. licinus, ob-liquus, luxus], sidelong, askew, aslant, askance.

Lit.:

limis oculis aspicere,

to look sideways, look askance, Plaut. Mil. 4, 6, 2:

limis subrisit ocellis,

Ov. Am. 3, 1, 33:

(leones) nec limis intuentur oculis aspicique simili modo nolunt,

Plin. 8, 16, 19, § 52:

limibus oculis eos contuens,

Amm. 20, 9.—So, limis aspicere (sc. oculis), Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 53:

limi, et ut sic dicam venerei (sc. oculi),

Quint. 11, 3, 76:

oculi contuitu quoque multiformes, truces et limi,

Plin. 11, 37, 54, § 145:

limi Di,

the guardian gods of obliquities, Arn. 4, 132.—

Transf., of persons, looking sideways: neque post respiciens, neque ante prospiciens, sed limus intra limites culinae, Varr. ap. Non. 133, 31; cf. id. ib. 442, 33.—Hence, adv.: līmō, sideways, askance:

leones numquam limo vident,

Sol. 27, 20; for which: limis oculis in Plin. 8, 16, 19, § 52 (v. the passage above).

līmus, i, m. [root lib-; Gr. leibô, to pour; cf. Lat. lino; Gr. limnê, limên], slime, mud, mire.

Lit.:

atque omnis mundi quasi limus in imum Confluxit gravis et subsedit funditus ut faex,

Lucr. 5, 496: luta et limum aggerebant, Cic. Fragm. ap. Non. 212, 16:

frumenti acervos sedisse illitos limo,

Liv. 2, 5:

profundo limo cum ipsis equis hausti sunt,

id. 31, 27:

amnis abundans Exit et obducto late tenet omnia limo,

Verg. G. 1, 116:

amnes Felicem trahunt limum,

id. ib. 2, 188:

limo Turbata aqua,

Hor. S. 1, 1, 59:

veteri craterae limus adhaesit,

id. ib. 2, 4, 80.—

Transf.

Excrement in the intestines, Pall. 3, 31.—

Dirt, mire:

limumque inducere monstrat,

Ov. F. 3, 759.—

Trop., filth, pollution, etc.:

pectora sic mihi sunt limo vitiata malorum,

Ov. P. 4, 2, 17.

līmus, i, m. [perh. for lig-mus, from ligo], a girdle or apron trimmed with purple, which the sacrificing priests and other servants of the magistrates wore about the abdomen:

velati limo,

Verg. A. 12, 120; cf.: limus autem est vestis, qua ab umbilico usque ad pedes teguntur pudenda poparum. Haec autem vestis in extremo sui purpuram limam, i. e. flexuosam habet. Unde et nomen accepit. Nam limum obliquum dicimus, Serv. ad Verg. l. l.: licio transverso, quod limum appellatur, cincti erant, Tiro ap. Gell. 12, 3, 3.

Līmus, i, m., the god of oblique glances, Arn. 4, cap. 9.

năto, āvi, ātum, 1, v. freq. n. and a. [no], to swim, to float.

Lit.:

qui neque in Oceano natare volueris studiosissimus homo natandi,

Cic. Fam. 7, 10, 2:

natant pisces aequore,

Ov. P. 2, 7, 28: canis, per flumen, carnem dum ferret, natans, Phaedr. 1, 4, 2:

natat uncta carina,

floats, Verg. A. 4, 398:

crura natantia,

palmated feet, Ov. M. 14, 551; cf.:

apta natando crura,

id. ib. 15, 376.—Of storm-tossed or shipwrecked persons, to float about, be tossed about:

naufragus natans,

Cic. Inv. 2, 51, 163; cf.

trop.: et natat exuviis Graecia pressa tuis,

Prop. 4 (5), 1, 115:

cum saepe in portu fracta carina natet,

id. 2, 25, 24 (3, 20, 24):

Ithacum lugere natantem,

Juv. 10, 257.—

Poet., with acc.:

nocte natat caecā serus freta,

swims across, Verg. G. 3, 260:

aquas,

to swim in, Mart. 14, 196, 2:

Tiberinum,

to swim across, Juv. 8, 265.—Hence, also, pass.:

quot piscibus unda natatur,

Ov. Tr. 5, 2, 25. —

Transf.

To swim or spread about ( poet.):

quā Tiberinus campo liberiore natat,

Ov. F. 4, 291:

natantibus radicibus,

Col. Arb. 6; Prop. 2, 12, 52 (3, 7, 52):

ingens medio natat umbra profundo,

Stat. Th. 2, 42:

niveo natat ignis in ore,

id. Achill. 1, 161.—

To swim or overflow with any thing, to be overflowed (mostly poet.).

With abl.:

natabant pavimenta vino,

Cic. Phil. 2, 41, 105:

plenis Rura natant fossis,

are inundated, Verg. G. 1, 372:

sanieque aspersa natarent Limina,

id. A. 3, 625:

fletibus ora natant,

Stat. Th. 2, 337:

carmina in ipse ore natant,

id. S. 2, 1, 18.—

Absol.:

exspectant imbres, quorum modo cuncta natabant Impulsu,

Luc. 4, 330:

plana natant,

Sil. 4, 751.—

Of the eyes, to swim (of drunken or dying persons), to be feeble, failing ( poet.):

vinis oculique animique natabant,

Ov. F. 6, 673:

moriens oculis natantibus Circumspexit Athin,

id. M. 5, 72; Sil. 2, 122; cf.:

ante oculos natant tenebrae,

Ov. M. 12, 136:

oculi natantes et quādam voluptate suffusi,

Quint. 4, 3, 76.—

To move to and fro, not stand still:

nec vagus in laxā pes tibi pelle (i. e. calceo) natet,

Ov. A. A. 1, 516; Calp. Ecl. 6, 43; Nemes. Cyn. 170.—

Of birds, to fly:

ardea sublimis pennae confisa natanti,

Luc. 5, 554.—

Trop., to fluctuate, waver, be uncertain ( = titubare, huc atque illuc ferri):

in quo quidem magis tu mihi natare visus es quam ipse Neptunus,

Cic. N. D. 3, 24, 62:

mutatio voluntatis indicat animum natare,

Sen. Ep. 35, 4:

pars multa (hominum) natat, modo recta capessens, Interdum pravis obnoxia,

Hor. S. 2, 7, 6; Sil. 7, 726; Manil. 4, 256: vitreoque natant praetoria ponto, float or waver reflected in the water, Stat. S. 2, 2, 49.—Hence, nătans, antis, P. a., swimming; hence, nătantes, ūm, poet. for fishes:

genus omne natantum,

Verg. G. 3, 541; Cael. Aur. Tard. 3, 2, § 31.

năto, āvi, ātum, 1, v. freq. n. and a. [no], to swim, to float.

Lit.:

qui neque in Oceano natare volueris studiosissimus homo natandi,

Cic. Fam. 7, 10, 2:

natant pisces aequore,

Ov. P. 2, 7, 28: canis, per flumen, carnem dum ferret, natans, Phaedr. 1, 4, 2:

natat uncta carina,

floats, Verg. A. 4, 398:

crura natantia,

palmated feet, Ov. M. 14, 551; cf.:

apta natando crura,

id. ib. 15, 376.—Of storm-tossed or shipwrecked persons, to float about, be tossed about:

naufragus natans,

Cic. Inv. 2, 51, 163; cf.

trop.: et natat exuviis Graecia pressa tuis,

Prop. 4 (5), 1, 115:

cum saepe in portu fracta carina natet,

id. 2, 25, 24 (3, 20, 24):

Ithacum lugere natantem,

Juv. 10, 257.—

Poet., with acc.:

nocte natat caecā serus freta,

swims across, Verg. G. 3, 260:

aquas,

to swim in, Mart. 14, 196, 2:

Tiberinum,

to swim across, Juv. 8, 265.—Hence, also, pass.:

quot piscibus unda natatur,

Ov. Tr. 5, 2, 25. —

Transf.

To swim or spread about ( poet.):

quā Tiberinus campo liberiore natat,

Ov. F. 4, 291:

natantibus radicibus,

Col. Arb. 6; Prop. 2, 12, 52 (3, 7, 52):

ingens medio natat umbra profundo,

Stat. Th. 2, 42:

niveo natat ignis in ore,

id. Achill. 1, 161.—

To swim or overflow with any thing, to be overflowed (mostly poet.).

With abl.:

natabant pavimenta vino,

Cic. Phil. 2, 41, 105:

plenis Rura natant fossis,

are inundated, Verg. G. 1, 372:

sanieque aspersa natarent Limina,

id. A. 3, 625:

fletibus ora natant,

Stat. Th. 2, 337:

carmina in ipse ore natant,

id. S. 2, 1, 18.—

Absol.:

exspectant imbres, quorum modo cuncta natabant Impulsu,

Luc. 4, 330:

plana natant,

Sil. 4, 751.—

Of the eyes, to swim (of drunken or dying persons), to be feeble, failing ( poet.):

vinis oculique animique natabant,

Ov. F. 6, 673:

moriens oculis natantibus Circumspexit Athin,

id. M. 5, 72; Sil. 2, 122; cf.:

ante oculos natant tenebrae,

Ov. M. 12, 136:

oculi natantes et quādam voluptate suffusi,

Quint. 4, 3, 76.—

To move to and fro, not stand still:

nec vagus in laxā pes tibi pelle (i. e. calceo) natet,

Ov. A. A. 1, 516; Calp. Ecl. 6, 43; Nemes. Cyn. 170.—

Of birds, to fly:

ardea sublimis pennae confisa natanti,

Luc. 5, 554.—

Trop., to fluctuate, waver, be uncertain ( = titubare, huc atque illuc ferri):

in quo quidem magis tu mihi natare visus es quam ipse Neptunus,

Cic. N. D. 3, 24, 62:

mutatio voluntatis indicat animum natare,

Sen. Ep. 35, 4:

pars multa (hominum) natat, modo recta capessens, Interdum pravis obnoxia,

Hor. S. 2, 7, 6; Sil. 7, 726; Manil. 4, 256: vitreoque natant praetoria ponto, float or waver reflected in the water, Stat. S. 2, 2, 49.—Hence, nătans, antis, P. a., swimming; hence, nătantes, ūm, poet. for fishes:

genus omne natantum,

Verg. G. 3, 541; Cael. Aur. Tard. 3, 2, § 31.

nī̆gro, āvi, ātum, 1, v. n. and a. [id.].

Neutr., to be black:

ea, quae nigrant nigro de semine nata,

Lucr. 2, 733.—

Act., to make black, to blacken.

Lit.:

mgrāsset sibi planctu lacertos,

Stat. S. 2, 6, 83.—

Trop., to make dark, to darken:

nigrati ignorantiae tenebris,

Tert. adv. Marc. 4, 8.—Hence, nī̆grans, antis, P. a., black, dark-colored, dusky: nigrantia boum cornua, [p. 1207] Varr R. R. 2, 5:

nigrantes terga juvenci,

Verg. A. 5, 97:

nigrantes alae,

Ov. M. 2, 535:

nigrantes domos ammarum intrāsse silentūm,

Prop. 3, 12, 33 (4, 11, 33):

nigrante profundo,

the sea, Sil. 17, 258:

litora,

Val. Fl. 4, 697:

aegis,

i. e. that produces clouds, Verg. A. 8, 353.

prōdĭgo, ēgi, actum, 3, v. a. [pro-ago], to drive forth, to drive to a place.

Lit. (ante-class.):

sues in lutosos limites,

Varr. R. R. 2, 4:

in pabulum,

id. ib. 2, 7 med.:

pulli prodigendi in solem,

id. ib. 3, 9 med. —

Transf., to get rid of.

In a good sense, to use up, consume (post-class.):

esculentum potulentumve,

Dig. 1, 18, 18.—

In a bad sense, to squander, to lavish, waste, dissipate (not in Cic. or Cæs.; cf.:

effundo, profundo, consumo): festo die si quid prodegeris,

Plaut. Aul. 2, 8, 10:

suom,

id. Merc. 5, 4, 60: aliena bona, Sall. Or. Lepidi contra Sull.:

opes, Suet. ner. 30: sua,

Tac. H. 1, 20:

illi prodigere vitam pro victoriā contendentes,

Amm. 16, 12, 50:

singulos artus suos fortunae prodigendos dare quaestu atque compendio gloriarum,

Gell. 2, 27, 5.

prŏfūsĭo, ōnis, f. [profundo], a pouring out, shedding, effusion (post-Aug.).

Lit.:

profusio sanguinis,

Cels. 2, 7; 7, 21:

alvi,

looseness, diarrhœa, id. 2, 7; 7, 21.—

In partic., a pouring out, libation of wine, milk, water, blood, and other fluids on graves; plur., Inscr. Marin. Frat. Arv. p. 562; Inscr. Fabr. p. 147, 182;

or in offering sacrifices: si focos odorati aut veteris vini profusione madefecerint,

Lact. 6, 1, 5.—

Transf., prodigality, profusion:

infinitae sumptuum profusiones,

Vitr. 10 praef.; Suet. Ner. 30:

nimia,

Plin. Ep. 2, 4, 4:

clementiae,

Tert. Poen. 8.

red-do, dĭdi, dĭtum, 3 (old fut. reddibo = reddam, Plaut. Cas. 1, 41; id. Men. 5, 7, 49, acc. to Non. 476, 27; id. Fragm. ap. Non. 508, 9; pass. reddibitur, id. Ep. 1, 1, 22), v. a.

Lit., to give back, return, restore (freq. and class.;

syn. restituo): reddere est quod debeas ei cujus est volenti dare,

Sen. Ben. 7, 19, 2:

ut mihi pallam reddat, quam dudum dedi,

Plaut. Men. 4, 2, 109; 4, 3, 5; cf.:

potes nunc mutuam drachmam dare mihi unam, quam cras reddam tibi?

id. Ps. 1, 1, 84;

so corresp. to dare,

id. ib. 1, 1, 89; id. Stich. 4, 1, 42:

quid si reddatur illi, unde empta est,

id. Merc. 2, 3, 83; id. Men. 3, 3, 21 sq.; Ter. Ad. 5, 9, 24 sq. et saep.; cf.

the foll.: ea, quae utenda acceperis, majore mensurā, si modo possis, jubet reddere Hesiodus,

Cic. Off. 1, 15, 48;

so corresp. to accipere,

id. Lael. 8, 26; 16, 58; id. Rep. 2, 5, 10; Sen. Ben. 1, 1, 13:

accipe quod nunquam reddas mihi,

Hor. S. 2, 3, 66; Verg. G. 4, 172; id. A. 8, 450 et saep.:

si quid ab omnibus conceditur, id reddo ac remitto,

I give it back and renounce it, Cic. Sull. 30, 84: Th. Redde argentum aut virginem. Ph. Quod argentum, quam tu virginem, me reposcis? Plaut. Curc. 5, 2, 14:

ut (virginem) suis Restituam ac reddam,

Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 67;

so with restituere,

Liv. 3, 68 al.; cf.:

reddere alias tegulas, i. e. restituere,

Plaut. Most. 1, 2, 29: obsides, Naev. ap. Non. 474, 19; so Caes. B. G. 1, 35; 1, 36; 6, 12:

captivos,

id. ib. 7, 90; Liv. 26, 50:

ho mines,

Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 7 al.:

corpora (mor tuorum),

Verg. A. 11, 103; cf. id. ib. 2, 543:

equos,

Cic. Rep. 4, 2, 2; Suet. Aug. 38:

suum cuique,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 47, 136:

hereditatem mulieri,

id. Fin. 2, 18, 58:

sive paribus paria redduntur,

i. e. are set against, opposed to, id. Or. 49, 164:

nosmet ipsos nobis reddidistis,

id. Red. in Sen. 1, 1:

redditus Cyri solio Phraates,

Hor. C. 2, 2, 17:

reddas incolumem, precor,

id. ib. 1, 3, 7:

ut te reddat natis carisque,

id. S. 1, 1, 83:

redditus terris Daedalus,

Verg. A. 6, 18; cf.:

patriis aris,

id. ib. 11, 269:

oculis nostris,

id. ib. 2, 740:

tenebris,

id. ib. 6, 545:

sed jam urbi votisque publicis redditus,

Plin. Pan. 60, 1:

ex magnā desperatione saluti redditus,

Just. 12, 10, 1:

quin tu primum salutem reddis, quam dedi,

Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 11:

operam da, opera reddibitur tibi,

id. Ep. 1, 1, 22; so id. Men. 4, 2, 101: cum duo genera liberalitatis sint, unum dandi beneficii, alterum reddendi, demus nec ne, in nostrā potestate est;

non reddere viro bono non licet,

Cic. Off. 1, 15, 48; so Sen. Ben. 1, 1 sq.; and cf. Plaut. Pers. 5, 1, 10:

redde his libertatem,

id. Poen. 5, 4, 17; so,

Lyciis libertatem ademit, Rhodiis reddidit,

Suet. Claud. 25:

patriam,

Liv. 5, 51 fin.:

sibi ereptum honorem,

Verg. A. 5, 342:

conspectum,

id. ib. 9, 262 al.:

se ipse convivio reddidit,

betook himself again to the banquet, returned, Liv. 23, 9 fin.:

quae belua reddit se catenis,

Hor. S. 2, 7, 71:

se reddidit astris,

Sil. 4, 119; so,

lux terris,

Verg. A. 8, 170:

se iterum in arma,

id. ib. 10, 684.—

Poet., with inf.:

sua monstra profundo Reddidit habere Jovi,

Stat. Th. 1, 616.—

Absol. (rare and poet.), of a river:

sic modo conbibitur, modo Redditur ingens Erasinus,

is swallowed up... reappears, Ov. M. 15, 275. —

Transf.

To give up, hand over, deliver, impart, assign; to yield, render, give, grant, bestow, pay, surrender, relinquish, resign (syn.:

trado, refero): Cincius eam mihi abs te epistulam reddidit, quam tu dederas,

Cic. Att. 1, 20, 1; so,

litteras (alicui),

id. ib. 2, 1, 1; id. Fam. 2, 17, 1:

litteras a te mihi reddidit stator tuus,

id. ib. 2, 1, 1; Caes. B. C. 1, 1; 2, 20; 3, 33; Sall. C. 34, 3; cf.

mandata,

Suet. Tib. 16:

pretium alicui pro benefactis ejus,

Plaut. Capt. 5, 1, 20:

hoccine pretii,

id. As. 1, 2, 2; cf.:

praemia debita (along with persolvere grates),

Verg. A. 2, 537:

cetera praemia (with dare),

id. ib. 9, 254:

primos honores,

id. ib. 5, 347:

gratiam alicui (for the usual referre gratiam),

Sall. J. 110, 4:

reddunt ova columbae,

Juv. 3, 202:

obligatam Jovi dapem,

Hor. C. 2, 7, 17:

o fortunata mors, quae naturae debita, pro patriā est potissimum reddita,

Cic. Phil. 14, 12, 31; cf.:

vitam naturae reddendam,

id. Rep. 1, 3, 5; so, vitam. Lucr. 6, 1198:

debitum naturae morbo,

i. e. to die by disease, Nep. Reg. 1 fin.:

lucem,

Ov. Tr. 3, 3, 35:

ultimum spiritum,

Vell. 2, 14, 2; cf. id. 2, 22, 2; 2, 35 fin.;

2, 87, 2: animam caelo,

id. ib. 123 fin.; cf.

animas (with moriuntur),

Verg. G. 3, 495:

hanc animam, vacuas in auras,

Ov. P. 2, 11, 7:

caute vota reddunto,

to pay, offer, render, Cic. Leg. 2, 9, 22; so,

vota,

Verg. E. 5, 75; Just. 11, 10, 10:

tura Lari,

Tib. 1, 3, 34:

liba deae,

Ov. F. 6, 476:

fumantia exta,

Verg. G. 2, 194; Tac. H. 4, 53; cf.:

graves poenas,

i. e. to suffer, Sall. J. 14, 21:

promissa viro,

Verg. A. 5, 386 al.:

tibi ego rationem reddam?

will render an account, Plaut. Aul. 1, 1, 6; so,

rationem,

id. Trin. 2, 4, 114; Cic. Tusc. 1, 17, 38;

v. ratio: animam a pulmonibus respirare et reddere,

to give off, exhale, id. N. D. 2, 54, 136; cf.:

ut tibiae sonum reddunt,

give forth, Quint. 11, 3, 20; so,

sonum,

id. 9, 4, 40; 66; Sen. Ep. 108; Hor. A. P. 348:

vocem,

Verg. A. 3, 40; 7, 95; 8, 217 (with mugiit); Hor. A. P. 158:

stridorem,

Ov. M. 11, 608:

murmura,

id. ib. 10, 702:

flammam,

Plin. 37, 2, 11, § 36 et saep.; so,

alvum,

Cels. 2, 12, 2:

bilem,

id. 7, 23:

sanguinem,

to vomit, Plin. Ep. 5, 19, 6 (just before:

sanguinem rejecit): urinam,

Plin. 8, 42, 66, § 165:

calculum,

id. 28, 15, 61, § 217:

catulum partu,

Ov. M. 15, 379; cf.

so of parturition,

id. ib. 10, 513; id. H. 16, 46:

fructum, quem reddunt praedia,

yield, produce, Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 75; Ov. P. 1, 5, 26; Col. 2, 16, 2; Pall. Febr. 9, 4; Plin. 18, 9, 20, § 87; cf. Tib. 2, 6, 22; Quint. 12, 10, 25:

generi nostro haec reddita est benignitas,

is imparted to, Plaut. Stich. 1, 3, 27; cf.: nulla quies est [p. 1539] Reddita corporibus primis, Lucr. 2, 96. — Hence, poet., redditum esse, in gen., = factum esse, esse:

una superstitio, superis quae reddita divis,

which is given, belongs to the gods, Verg. A. 12, 817:

quibus et color et sapor una reddita sunt cum odore,

Lucr. 2, 681; cf. id. 2, 228 Munro ad loc.; Juv. 1, 93; Orell. ad Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 216:

neque iis petentibus jus redditur,

is dispensed, granted, Caes. B. G. 6, 13:

alicui jus,

Quint. 11, 2, 50; cf.:

alicui testimonium reddere industriae,

id. 11, 1, 88:

quod reliquum vitae virium, id ferro potissimum reddere volebant,

to yield, sacrifice, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 34, § 89:

quibus ille pro meritis... jura legesque reddiderat,

had conferred upon it the power of self-jurisdiction, Caes. B. G. 7, 76; cf Liv. 9, 43, 23 Drak.:

Lanuvinis sacra sua reddita,

id. 8, 14:

conubia,

to bestow, grant, id. 4, 5:

peccatis veniam,

Hor. S. 1, 3, 75:

nomina facto vera,

to call by the right name, Ov. Tr. 3, 6, 36.— Hence,

Jurid. t. t.:

judicium,

to appoint, grant, fix the time for a trial, Ter. Phorm. 2, 3, 57; Caes. B. C. 2, 18; Quint. 7, 4, 43; Tac. A. 1, 72:

jus,

to administer justice, pronounce sentence, id. ib. 6, 11; 13, 51; id. H. 3, 68; id. G. 12; Suet. Vit. 9 et saep.—

To give up, yield, abandon to one that which has not been taken away, but only threatened or in danger:

Thermitanis urbem, agros legesque suas reddere,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 37, § 90 ( = relinquere, id. ib. 2, 2, 36, §

88): Orestis leges suae redditae,

left undisturbed, Liv. 33, 34, 6; 9, 43, 23 (cf. restituere); 29, 21, 7.—

To give back, pay back; hence, to take revenge for, punish, inflict vengeance for:

per eum stare quominus accepta ad Cannas redderetur hosti clades,

Liv. 24, 17, 7:

reddidit hosti cladem,

id. 24, 20, 2:

redditaque aequa Cannensi clades,

id. 27, 49, 5.—

To give back in speech or writing, i. e.

To translate, render (syn.:

converto, transfero): cum ea, quae legeram Graece, Latine redderem,

Cic. de Or. 1, 34, 155:

verbum pro verbo,

id. Opt. Gen. 5:

verbo verbum,

Hor. A. P. 133; cf. Ov. Tr. 5, 7, 54.—

To repeat, declare, report, narrate, recite, rehearse (freq. in Quint.):

ut quae secum commentatus esset, ea sine scripto verbis iisdem redderet, quibus cogitasset,

Cic. Brut. 88, 301; cf. Quint. 10, 6, 3:

sive paria (verba) paribus redduntur, sive opponuntur contraria,

Cic. Or. 49, 164:

reddere quae restant,

id. Brut. 74, 258:

tertium actum de pastionibus,

Varr. R. R. 3, 17, 1:

nomina per ordinem audita,

Quint. 11, 2, 23:

causas corruptae eloquentiae,

id. 8, 6, 76:

quid cuique vendidissent,

id. 11, 2, 24:

dictata,

to repeat, rehearse, Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 14; id. S. 2, 8, 80:

carmen,

to recite, deliver, id. C. 4, 6, 43:

cum talia reddidit hospes,

Ov. M. 6, 330; Lucr. 2, 179:

causam,

id. F. 1, 278:

insigne exemplum suo loco,

Tac. H. 4, 67.—

To answer, reply ( poet.):

veras audire et reddere voces,

Verg. A. 1, 409; 6, 689:

Aeneas contra cui talia reddit,

id. ib. 10, 530;

2, 323: auditis ille haec placido sic reddidit ore,

id. ib. 11, 251 et saep.; cf.

responsa,

id. G. 3, 491:

responsum,

Liv. 38, 9; 3, 60; Verg. A. 6, 672.—

To give back or render a thing according to its nature or qualities; to represent, imitate, express, resemble ( poet. and in post - Aug. prose):

quas hominum reddunt facies,

Lucr. 6, 812:

faciem locorum,

Ov. M. 6, 122; 7, 752:

lux aemula vultum Reddidit,

gave back, reflected, Stat. Achill. 2, 191:

formam alicujus,

Sil. 3, 634:

et qui te nomine reddet Silvius Aeneas,

Verg. A. 6, 768; cf.:

jam Phoebe toto fratrem cum redderet orbe,

Luc. 1, 538:

paternam elegantiam in loquendo,

Quint. 1, 1, 6; 6, 3, 107; cf.:

odorem croci saporemque,

i. e. to smell and taste like saffron, Plin. 36, 23, 55, § 177:

imaginem quandam uvae,

id. 34, 12, 32, § 123:

flammam excellentis purpurae et odorem maris,

id. 35, 6, 27, § 46:

Apelleā redditus arte Mentor,

Mart. 11, 10, 2.—

To give back, return a thing changed in some respect:

senem illum Tibi dedo ulteriorem lepide ut lenitum reddas,

Plaut. Bacch. 5, 2, 31; cf.:

quas tu sapienter mihi reddidisti opiparas opera tua,

id. Poen. 1, 1, 4.— Hence, in gen.,

To make or cause a thing to be or appear something or somehow; to render (very freq. and class.; cf.:

facio, redigo): reddam ego te ex ferā fame mansuetem,

Plaut. As. 1, 2, 19; id. Capt. 4, 2, 42:

eam (servitutem) lenem reddere,

id. ib. 2, 5, 1: tutiorem et opulentiorem vitam reddere, Cic. Rep. 1, 2, 3:

haec itinera infesta reddiderat,

Caes. B. C. 3, 79:

aliquem insignem,

Verg. A. 5, 705:

obscuraque moto Reddita forma lacu est,

dimmed by the disturbance of the water, Ov. M. 3, 476:

homines ex feris et immanibus mites reddidit et mansuetos,

Cic. Inv. 1, 2, 2: omnes Catilinas Acidinos postea reddidit, has made all the Catilines seem to be Acidini, i. e. patriots, in comparison with himself, id. Att. 4, 3, 3:

aliquid perfectum,

Plaut. As. 1, 1, 109:

aliquid effectum,

to accomplish, id. Ps. 1, 3, 152; 1, 5, 116; 5, 2, 14:

omne transactum,

id. Capt. 2, 2, 95:

actum,

id. Trin. 3, 3, 90:

dictum ac factum,

Ter. Heaut. 4, 5, 12.— With ut and subj.:

hic reddes omnia Quae sunt certa ei consilia incerta ut sient,

Ter. And. 2, 3, 15.— Pass. = fieri scripsit fasciculum illum epistularum totum sibi aquā madidum redditum esse, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 12, 4; Just. 16, 4, 6; 22, 7, 2:

per sudorem corpus tantum imbecillius redditur,

Cels. 3, 3, 19; cf. Just. 29, 4, 3; 42, 5, 4; 44, 1, 10; Flor. 3, 5, 17; Val. Max. 4, 3 prooem.; Lact. 4, 26, 33.

regno, āvi, ātum, 1, v. n. and a. [regnum].

Neutr., to have royal power, to be king, to rule, reign:

ubi Pterela rex regnavit,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 257:

Romulus cum septem et triginta regnavisset annos,

Cic. Rep. 2, 10, 17; cf. id. ib. 2, 14, 27; 2, 18, 33;

2, 20, 36: Servius injussu populi regnavisse traditur,

id. ib. 2, 21, 37:

(Mithridates) annum jam tertium et vicesimum regnat, et ita regnat, ut, etc.,

id. Imp. Pomp. 3, 7:

tertium jam nunc annum regnans,

Caes. B. G. 5, 25:

regnante Romulo,

Cic. Rep. 1, 16, 25:

(Camers) tacitis regnavit Amyclis,

Verg. A. 10, 564:

quālibet exules In parte regnanto beati,

Hor. C. 3, 3, 39:

Latio regnans,

Verg. A. 1, 265:

regnandi dira cupido,

id. G. 1, 37:

Albae regnare,

Liv. 1, 3:

Romae,

id. 1, 17 fin.; 1, 40:

Tusco profundo,

Ov. M. 14, 223:

Graias per urbes,

Verg. A. 3, 295:

in Colchis,

Plin. 33, 3, 15, § 52:

advenae in nos regnaverunt,

Tac. A. 11, 24.—Once poet., like basileuô, with gen.:

quā Daunus agrestium Regnavit populorum,

Hor. C. 3, 30, 12.— Impers. pass.:

hic jam ter centum totos regnabitur annos Gente sub Hectoreā,

Verg. A. 1, 272:

quia post Tatii mortem ab suā parte non erat regnandum... in variis voluntatibus regnari tamen omnes volebant,

Liv. 1, 17 Drak. N. cr.:

regnatum Romae ab conditā urbe ad liberatam annos ducentos quadraginta quattuor,

id. 1, 60 fin.:

hinc Cytherea tuis longo regnabitur aevo,

Sil. 3, 592.—

In gen., to be lord, to rule, reign, govern, be supreme (syn. dominor);

in a good sense: quoniam equitum centurias tenes, in quibus regnas,

Cic. Fam. 11, 16 fin.; cf.:

regnare in judiciis,

Quint. 10, 1, 112:

vivo et regno,

Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 8. —

Esp., of the gods: caelo tonantem credimus Jovem Regnare,

Hor. C. 3, 5, 2:

Saturno regnante,

Ov. F. 1, 193:

secundo Caesare regnes,

Hor. C. 1, 12, 52.—

In a bad sense (very freq.),

to lord it, tyrannize, domineer, Cic. Sull. 7, 21:

regnavit is paucos menses,

id. Lael. 12, 41:

quin se ille interfecto Milone regnaturum putaret,

id. Mil. 16, 43:

Timarchidem fugitivum omnibus oppidis per triennium scitote regnasse,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 54, § 136:

nec jam libertate contentos esse, nisi etiam regnent ac dominentur,

Liv. 24, 29, 7 Drak.; cf.

so with dominari,

Cic. Rep. 3, 12, 21; Flor. 3, 12, 9.—

Of things, to reign, rule, hold sway (mostly poet.):

umor regnavit in arvis,

Lucr. 5, 395:

(ignis) per ramos victor regnat,

Verg. G. 2, 307:

in totum regnaret Sirius annum,

Stat. Th. 1, 635:

cum regnat rosa (i. e. at a banquet, where the guests were crowned with roses),

Mart. 10, 19, 20: quid faciant leges, ubi sola pecunia regnat? Petr. poët. 14; Claud. Rapt. Pros. 2, 74.—

Trop., to rule, have the mastery, prevail, predominate: Pathêtikon, in quo uno regnat oratio, Cic. Or. 37, 128; cf.:

(eloquentia) hic regnat, hic imperat, hic sola vincit,

Quint. 7, 4, 24; 11, 3, 181:

ardor edendi per avidas fauces regnat,

Ov. M. 8, 829; cf.:

ebrietas geminata libidine regnat,

id. ib. 12, 221:

regnat nequitiā,

Sen. Ben. 1, 10:

morbus regnans,

Grat. Cyn. 462. —

Act., to rule, sway, govern (only in pass., and poet. and in postAug. prose); part. perf. with dat. of agent:

terra acri quondam regnata Lycurgo,

Verg. A. 3, 14:

Latio regnata per arva Saturno quondam,

id. ib. 6, 794; Ov. M. 8, 623; 13, 720; id. H. 10, 69; Hor. C. 2, 6, 11; 3, 29, 27; Sil. 14, 7:

si unquam regnandam acceperit Albam,

Verg. A. 6, 770:

trans Lugios Gotones regnantur, paulo jam adductius quam ceterae Germanorum gentes,

Tac. G. 44: exceptis iis gentibus quae regnantur, id. ib 25; cf. id. A. 13, 54:

quae (gentes) regnan tur,

id. H. 1, 16 fin.; Mel. 2, 2, 24:

gens reg. nata feminis,

Plin. 6, 20, 23, § 76.

rē-spondĕo, di, sum, 2, v. a.

Lit., to promise a thing in return for something else; to offer or present in return. So, only in a few examples, the phrase par pari (dat.) respondere, to return like for like: par pari respondes dicto, you return tit for tat with your tongue (syn. refero), Plaut. Pers. 2, 2, 41; cf.: istuc serva; et verbum verbo par pari ut respondeas, Ter Phorm. 1, 4, 35; and:

paria paribus respondimus,

Cic. Att. 6, 1, 23.— Pass.: provide, si cui quid debetur, ut sit, unde par pari respondeatur, i. e. that there be wherewithal to meet the demand, Atticus ap. Cic. Att. 16, 7, 6; cf. also under II. A. 1, the lusus verbb. with spondeo; and II. B. init. —

In a more general signification.

To answer, reply, respond (either to a question, or to any statement or remark, and either in a friendly or hostile signif.); constr. aliquid alicui, ad, adversus, contra aliquem ( aliquid).

In gen.

Lit.: Th. Aliud te rogo. Tr. Aliud ergo nunc tibi respondeo, Plaut. Most. 5, 1, 70; cf. id. Merc. 1, 2, 73.— Absol.:

prius respondes, quam rogo,

Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 119:

eā legatione Papirius auditā... respondit,

Liv. 9, 14, 2; 27, 40, 8; 33, 38, 7; Nep. Milt. 1, 4:

ille appellatus respondit,

Caes. B. G. 5, 36; 5, 41; Cic. Leg. 3, 13, 30; id. Verr. 2, 4, 62, § 138; id. Fam. 3, 6, 2; 5, 2, 8; 7, 24, 2;

9, 14, 2. — So usu. of an oral answer: tibi non rescribam, sed respondeam,

Sen. Ep. 67, 2;

but also of writing: epistulae,

Cic. Att. 9, 9, 1 et saep.; v. infra:

ab his sermo oritur, respondet Laelius,

Cic. Lael. 1, 5; Plaut. Men. 5, 5, 28: olli respondit rex Albaï Longaï, Enn. ap. Fortun. p. 2691 P. (Ann. v. 34 Vahl.):

cui orationi Caepionis ore respondit Aelius,

Cic. Brut. 46, 169:

criminibus,

id. Planc. 2, 4:

supremae tuae paginae,

id. Att. 6, 2, 1:

cui opinioni,

Quint. 4, 4, 1:

tam aequae postulationi,

id. 7, 1, 47 al.:

summā constantiā ad ea, quae quaesita erant, respondebat,

Cic. Phil. 1, 1, 2; cf.:

arbitrabar me satis respondisse ad id quod quaesierat Laelius,

id. Rep. 2, 39, 65:

nec absurde adversus utrosque respondisse visus est,

Liv. 35, 50; 8, 32:

adversus haec imperator respondit,

id. 30, 31; 33, 35 fin. — With acc. of neutr. pron.:

illud respondere cogam,

to make answer to that, Cic. Cael. 28, 67; cf. id. Vatin. 7, 18; 17, 41:

multa contra patronos venuste testis saepe respondet,

Quint. 5, 7, 31; 5, 7, 24; cf.:

accipe, quid contra juvenis responderit,

Hor. S. 2, 3, 233.— With object-clause:

respondent, bello se et suos tutari posse,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 59; id. Curc. 2, 3, 54; id. Mil. 2, 2, 23; id. Merc. 5, 2. 102 al. —Introducing a direct answer:

cum dixisset, Quid agis, Grani? respondit, Immo vero tu, Druse, quid agis!

Cic. Planc. 14, 33; id. Att. 5, 21, 12; id. Inv. 1, 31, 51; id. Tusc. 5, 19, 56.— In impers. perf.:

postquam mihi responsum est, abeo, etc.,

Plaut. Curc. 2, 3, 57; cf. id. Mil. 4, 2, 93: quid nunc renunciem abs te responsum? Ter. Heaut. 4, 8, 18:

sic existimet: Responsum non dictum esse, quia laesit prior,

id. Eun. prol. 6.— In plur.:

multa ejus et in senatu et in foro vel provisa prudenter vel acta constanter vel responsa acute ferebantur,

Cic. Lael. 2, 6.— In the sup.:

(haec) quam brevia responsu,

Cic. Clu. 59 fin. — In a lusus verbb. with spondeo: Er. Sponden' tu istud? He. Spondeo. Er. At ego, tuum tibi advenisse filium, respondeo, and in return I promise you, i. e. assure you, Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 119; cf.:

fideiussores, qui salvam rempublicam fore responderunt, etc.,

promised, gave assurance, Dig. 50, 1, 17 fin. —

Trop., to answer, respond, reply to, re-echo, resound, etc.:

saxa et solitudines voci respondent,

Cic. Arch. 8, 19;

respondent flebile ripae,

Ov. M. 11, 53; and:

respondentia tympana,

Stat. Achill. 2, 175: urbes coloniarum respondebunt Catilinae tumulis silvestribus, will give an answer to, i. e. will prove a match for, Cic. Cat. 2, 11, 24.—

In partic.

Of lawyers, priests, oracles, etc., to give an opinion, advice, decision, response:

quaeris, num juris consultus (sit)? quasi quisquam sit, qui sibi hunc falsum de jure respondisse dicat,

Cic. Planc. 25, 62; so,

de jure,

id. Brut. 30, 113; cf.:

de jure consulentibus respondere,

id. Mur. 4, 9;

in a like signif., also simply jus,

id. Leg. 1, 4, 12:

facultas respondendi juris,

id. ib. 2, 12, 29; id. de Or. 1, 45, 198; Plin. Ep. 6, 15, 3 al.; cf.:

civica jura,

Hor. Ep. 1, 3, 24; and:

quae consuluntur, minimo periculo respondentur, etc.,

Cic. Mur. 13, 28; id. Brut. 89, 306. — Absol., Dig. 2, 14, 7; and so very freq. of the jurists in the Digests;

v. responsum: pater Roscii ad haruspices retulit: qui responderunt, nihil illo puero clarius fore,

Cic. Div. 1, 36, 79:

cum ex prodigiis haruspices respondissent,

Sall. C. 47, 2; Liv. 27, 37; 31, 5; 5, 54; Vell. 2, 24, 3:

responsum est,

Suet. Aug. 94, 97:

deliberantibus Pythia respondit, ut moenibus ligneis se munirent,

gave advice, Nep. Them. 2, 6; cf. Just. 11, 11, § 11:

possumus seniores amici quiete respondere,

to give advice, Tac. A. 14, 54 fin. —

Of the answering of a person summoned when his name is called; hence, meton., to appear: citatus neque respondit neque excusatus est, Varr. ap. Gell. 11, 1, 4; cf.:

cives, qui ad nomina non respondissent,

Liv. 7, 4:

quia Romae non respondebant,

id. 39, 18; Val. Max. 6, 3, 4; Suet. Tib. 38; id. Ner. 44; Hor. S. 1, 9, 36 (vadato, dat., i.e. ei qui eum vadatus erat; v. vador); Dig. 3, 3, 35; 41, 1, 14 et saep.—

Esp., to appear before a tribunal, to answer an accusation, meet a charge, etc.:

perfectus in exsilium Tubulus est nec respondere ausus,

Cic. Fin. 2, 16, 54:

Verrem alterā actione responsurum non esse,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 1, § 1:

nemo Epaminondam responsurum putabat,

Nep. Epam. 8, 1.—

Transf., in gen., to appear, be present:

ipsi (sc. paeon et herous) se offerent et respondebunt non vocati,

Cic. de Or. 3, 49, 191:

verba (with res se ostendent),

Quint. 10, 3, 9:

ut ii, qui debent, non respondeant ad tempus,

Cic. Att. 16, 2, 2; cf.:

podagra ad tempus (with venit ad horam),

Sen. Q. N. 3, 16, 1:

sanguis per menstrua,

Cels. 4, 4, 5.—

To answer to; to meet, agree, accord, or correspond with a thing; constr. usually with dat. or absol.:

ut omnia omnibus paribus paria respondeant,

Cic. N. D. 1, 19, 50:

ut horum auctoritatibus illorum orationi, qui dissentiunt, respondere posse videamur,

id. Imp. Pomp. 23, 68:

ut verba verbis quasi demensa et paria respondeant,

id. Or. 12, 38; and:

respondent extrema primis, media utrisque, omnia omnibus,

id. Fin. 5, 28, 83: (Aristoteles dicit) illam artem (sc. rhetoricam) quasi ex alterā parte respondere dialecticae, that it corresponds to, i. e. forms the counterpart of, id. Or. 32, 114:

aedificare alteram porticum quae Palatio responderet,

id. Har. Resp. 23, 49; cf.

of a locality: contra elata mari respondet Gnosia tellus,

i. e. lies opposite, Verg. A. 6, 23:

Pachyni pulsata Ionio respondent saxa profundo,

Sil. 14, 73:

est mihi magnae curae, ut ita erudiatur (Lucullus), ut et patri et Caepioni nostro et tibi tam propinquo respondeat,

Cic. Fin. 3, 2, 8: satis Graecorum [p. 1582] gloriae responderunt, id. Tusc. 1, 2, 3:

tua virtus opinioni hominum,

id. Fam. 2, 5, 2; id. Lael. 16, 56:

fortuna meis optatis,

id. Fam. 2, 1, 2; cf.:

seges votis,

Verg. G. 1, 47:

arma Caesaris non responsura lacertis,

Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 48:

favor meritis,

id. ib. 2, 1, 9:

ne prior officio quisquam respondeat,

id. S. 2, 6, 24:

par fama labori,

id. ib. 2, 8, 66:

fructus labori,

Ov. F. 4, 641:

non mihi respondent veteres in carmine vires,

id. H. 15, 197 al.:

familiam nemo speciosiorem producet, sed hominibus non respondet,

he does not pay his debts, Sen. Ep. 87, 6:

amori amore respondere,

i. e. to return it, repay it, Cic. Fam. 15, 21, 4; cf.:

Quinti fratris liberalitati subsidiis amicorum,

id. Att. 4, 3, 6:

qui ex vico ortus est, eam patriam intellegitur habere, cui reipublicae vicus ille respondet,

to which it belongs, Dig. 50, 1, 30.—

In mal. part.: mulieribus,

Plaut. Mil. 4, 1, 17.—With ad:

respondere ad parentum speciem,

resemble, Varr. R. R. 2, 5, 9:

deformentur directiones, ut longitudines ad regulam et lineam, altitudines ad perpendiculum, anguli ad normam respondentes exigantur,

Vitr. 7, 3; cf.:

structuram ad perpendiculum respondere oportet,

Plin. 36, 22, 51, § 172:

quia non tota ad animum responderat (villa),

Suet. Caes. 48:

ad spem eventus respondit,

Liv. 28, 6.—With dat.:

Papirio quoque brevi ad spem eventus respondit,

Liv. 9, 15.— With ex:

quicquid non ex voluntate respondet, iram provocat,

Sen. Ep. 47, 19:

speculum quocumque obvertimus oris, Res sibi respondent simili formā atque colore,

i. e. correspond, are reflected, Lucr. 4, 167.— Absol.:

sidera respondent in aquā,

Lucr. 4, 213:

quia raro verba belle respondeant,

Quint. 6, 3, 48: medicus aliquid oportet inveniat, quod non ubique fortasse, sed saepius tamen etiam respondeat, may answer, be suitable, Cels. praef.—

To return, make a return, yield:

frumenta quando cum quarto responderint (sc. colono),

have returned, yielded, Col. 3, 3, 4; cf. with abl. and dat.:

humus cum est repetita cultu, magno fenore colono respondet,

id. 2, 1, 3:

vitis, nisi praepingui solo, non respondet,

id. 3, 2, 11; cf.:

metalla plenius responsura fodienti,

Sen. Ep. 23, 5.—Hence, rēspon-sum, i, n., an answer, reply, response (equally freq. in sing. and plur.).

In gen.:

suis postulatis responsa exspectare,

Caes. B. C. 1, 5 fin.:

haec paucis diebus ex illius ad nostra responsa responsis intellegentur, quorsum evasura sint,

Cic. Att. 7, 17, 4:

responsum senatūs,

Liv. 7, 31:

sine responso legatos dimisit,

id. 9, 38:

nullo ab nostris dato responso,

Caes. B. G. 5, 58:

responsum dedisti tantis de rebus,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 16, § 40; 2, 4, 39, § 85; so,

dare responsum,

Liv. 5, 32, 8; Val. Max. 9, 5, ext. 3; Curt. 3, 12, 9; Liv. 3, 50, 12:

reddere alicui,

Cic. Planc. 14, 34; cf.:

triste redditum,

Liv. 9, 16:

ferre (ab aliquo),

to receive, Cic. Cat. 1, 8, 19; Caes. B. G. 6, 4 fin.:

referre (ab aliquo),

to deliver, Cic. Att. 7, 17, 2; Hirt. B. G. 8, 23; Liv. 37, 6:

elicere,

Quint. 5, 7, 20:

petere,

Hor. C. S. 55:

responsum accipere,

Liv. 5, 36, 4; Just. 12, 2, 8:

responsum non fuit in eis,

Vulg. Jer. 5, 13.—

In partic. (acc. to II. A. 2.), an answer, reply of a lawyer, priest, oracle, etc.; an opinion, response, oracle:

cum responsumque ab eo (Crasso) verum magis, quam ad suam rem accommodatum abstulisset, etc.,

Cic. de Or. 1, 56, 239:

res judicatae, decreta, responsa,

id. ib. 2, 27, 116; id. Mur. 13, 29.—

The responsa prudentium, or authoritative opinions of leading lawyers, were an important source of the Roman law,

Just. Inst. 1, 2, 8 Sandars ad loc.:

haruspicum responsa,

Cic. Cat. 3, 4, 9; cf. Quint. 5, 10, 30; Ov. M. 3, 340; 527:

legatus a Delphis Romam rediit, responsumque ex scripto recitavit,

Liv. 23, 11; cf. id. 1, 56; Quint. 3, 7, 11; 5, 7, 35; Tac. H. 1, 10; 4, 65 al.; Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 65; Ter. And. 4, 2, 15; Verg. A. 7, 86 et saep.—

In eccl. Lat.: responsum Dei, ab angelo, etc.,

Vulg. Mich. 3, 7; id. Luc. 2, 26; id. Act. 10, 22.

sĕpĕlĭo, pelīvi or ii, pultum, 4 ( perf. sepeli, Pers. 3, 97; part. perf. sepelitus, Cato ap. Prisc. p. 909 P.; fut. sepelibis, Aus. Ep 25, 61; perf. sepelisset, Prop. 1, 17, 19; [p. 1674] Quint. 8, 5, 16), v. a., to bury, inter (class.):

sepultus intellegitur quoquo modo conditus, humatus vero humo contectus,

Plin. 7, 54, 55, § 187 (cf. also condo).

Lit.: hominem mortuum, inquit lex in XII., in urbe ne sepelito neve urito. Credo vel propter ignis periculum. Quod autem addit, neve urito, indicat, non qui uratur, sepeliri, sed qui humetur. Att. Quid? qui post XII. in urbe sepulti sunt clari viri? etc., Cic. Leg. 2, 23, 58 Mos.:

quoi (mortuo) auro dentes juncti escunt, ast im cum illo sepelirei ureive se fraude esto,

id. Fragm. 2, 24, 60: mortuus est, sepelitus est, Cato ap. Prisc. p. 909 P.: surge et sepeli natum, Att. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 44, 106: aliquem, Sulp. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 12, 3:

Tarquinio sepulto,

Cic. Rep. 2, 21, 38:

suorum corpora,

Liv. 27, 42, 7:

et sepeli lacrimis perfusa fidelibus ossa,

Ov. H. 14, 127. —Of merging in the sea:

saevo sepelire profundo exanimos,

Sil. 13, 480.—

To burn (the dead body), to perform the funeral rites of a man by burning:

cujus corpus procul ab eo loco infoderunt... inde erutus atque eodem loco sepultus est,

Nep. Paus. 5, 5:

qui vos trucidatos incendio patriae sepelire conatus est,

Cic. Fl. 38, 95:

sepultum Consentiae, quod membrorum reliquum fuit, ossaque Metapontum ad hostes remissa,

i. e. buried after burning, Liv. 8, 24; cf. Nep. Eum. 13 fin.:

sepeliri accuratissime imperavit... evenit ut semiustum cadaver discerperent canes,

Suet. Dom. 15.—

Trop.

To bury, i. e. to overwhelm, submerge, destroy, ruin, suppress, etc.:

cerno animo sepultam patriam, miseros atque insepultos acervos civium,

Cic. Cat. 4, 6, 11:

patriā sepultā,

Prop. 1, 22, 3 (sepulchra, Müll.):

cuncta tuus sepelivit amor,

id. 3, 15 (4, 14), 9. haec sunt in gremio sepulta consulatus tui, Cic. Pis. 5, 11:

somnum sepelire,

Plaut. Most. 5, 2, 1:

quod bellum ejus (Pompeii) adventu sublatum ac sepultum,

Cic. Imp. Pomp. 11, 30; so,

bellum,

Vell. 2, 75, 1; 2, 89, 3; 2, 90 al.:

dolorem,

to put an end to, Cic. Tusc. 2, 13, 32:

tunc, cum mea fama sepulta est,

Ov. P. 1, 5, 85:

salutem in aeternum,

i. e. to destroy, Lucr. 2, 570; cf. Vell. 2, 126, 2: multa tenens antiqua, sepulta, vetustas Quae facit, Lucil. ap. Gell. 12, 4, 4:

nullus sum... sepultus sum,

I'm lost, Ter. Phorm. 5, 8 (7), 50.—

Poet.: sepultus, buried in deep sleep, lulled to sleep, slumbering:

somno sepulti,

Lucr. 5, 974; 1, 134:

invadunt urbem somno vinoque sepultam,

Verg. A. 2, 265:

custode sepulto,

id. ib. 6, 424; cf.:

assiduo lingua sepulta mero,

Prop. 3, 11 (4, 10), 56:

paulum sepultae distat inertiae Celata virtus,

slumbering, idle, Hor. C. 4, 9, 29.

sum-mergo ( subm-), si, sum, 3, v. a., to dip or plunge under, to sink, overwhelm, submerge, submerse.

Lit. (class.; most freq. pass.):

summersus equus voraginibus,

Cic. Div. 1, 33, 73:

genera summersarum beluarum,

id. N. D. 2, 39, 100:

salgama semper jure summersa,

Col. 12, 4, 5: navis summersa, * Caes. B. C. 3, 39:

ferrum summersum in undā, Ov M. 12, 279: ipsos potuit summergere ponto,

Verg. A. 1, 40:

quod (saxum) tumidis submersum tunditur olim Fluctibus,

id. ib. 5, 125:

aliquot procellis summersi paene sumus,

Liv. 24, 8, 13:

summersas obrue puppes,

Verg. A. 1, 69:

navem,

Tac. A. 14, 5: omnes quondam terrae [p. 1801] submersae profundo fuerunt, Just. 2, 1, 17. —

Trop. (post-class. and very rare):

virtus summersa tenebris, Claud. lV. Cons. Hon. 221: publicatam summergere lectionem,

to suppress, Arn. 3, 104.

sum-mergo ( subm-), si, sum, 3, v. a., to dip or plunge under, to sink, overwhelm, submerge, submerse.

Lit. (class.; most freq. pass.):

summersus equus voraginibus,

Cic. Div. 1, 33, 73:

genera summersarum beluarum,

id. N. D. 2, 39, 100:

salgama semper jure summersa,

Col. 12, 4, 5: navis summersa, * Caes. B. C. 3, 39:

ferrum summersum in undā, Ov M. 12, 279: ipsos potuit summergere ponto,

Verg. A. 1, 40:

quod (saxum) tumidis submersum tunditur olim Fluctibus,

id. ib. 5, 125:

aliquot procellis summersi paene sumus,

Liv. 24, 8, 13:

summersas obrue puppes,

Verg. A. 1, 69:

navem,

Tac. A. 14, 5: omnes quondam terrae [p. 1801] submersae profundo fuerunt, Just. 2, 1, 17. —

Trop. (post-class. and very rare):

virtus summersa tenebris, Claud. lV. Cons. Hon. 221: publicatam summergere lectionem,

to suppress, Arn. 3, 104.