Перевод: с латинского на английский

с английского на латинский

politics

  • 1 ars

        ars artis, f    [1 AR-], practical skill: manus et ars: arte laboratae vestes, V. — Esp., skill in a special pursuit, a profession, business, art: musica, poetry, T.: magica, V.: (artes) militares et imperatoriae, L.: civiles, politics, Ta.: dicendi, oratory: belli, L.: arte canere, O. — Poet.: artes Infra se positas, i. e. inferior ability, H.—Science, learning, knowledge: Graecae: optimae, N.: inventor artium (Mercurius), Cs. — Theory, general principles: alqd ad artem et ad praecepta revocare.— A work of art: exquisitae: clipeus, Didymaonis artes, V.: Quas (artīs) Parrhasius protulit, H. — Conduct, practice, character: veteres revocavit artīs, ancient virtues, H.: artis bonae fama, S.: artes eximiae: Nihil istac opus est arte, sed eis... Fide et taciturnitate, the service I want is not cookery, but, etc., T.: artium Gratarum facies, charming manners, H. — Cunning, artifice, stratagem, trick, fraud, deceit: arte tractare virum, T.: capti arte, L.: novas artīs versare, V.: nocendi, means, V.: dolosae, O.: arte ducis elusi, Ta.—An elementary treatise, instruction-book: praecepta in artibus relinquere: artem scindes Theodori, Iu.
    * * *
    skill/craft/art; trick, wile; science, knowledge; method, way; character (pl.)

    Latin-English dictionary > ars

  • 2 certō

        certō adv.    [certus], with certainty, certainly, surely, of a truth, in fact, really: nihil ita exspectare quasi certo futurum: ego rus abituram me esse certo decrevi, T.—With scio, I know fully, it is beyond doubt: hoc certo scio, aiebat, etc., T.: haec omnia facta esse certo scio.
    * * *
    I
    certare, certavi, certatus V
    vie (with), contest, contend/struggle (at law/politics), dispute; fight, strive
    II
    certius, certissime ADV
    certainly, definitely, really, for certain/a fact, truly; surely, firmly

    Latin-English dictionary > certō

  • 3 certō

        certō āvī, ātus, āre, freq.    [certus], to match, vie with, fight, contend, struggle, combat, do battle: armis cum hoste, an venenis?: pugnis, calcibus: proelio, S.: de salute, Ta.: de ambiguo agro bello, L.: acie, V.: animis iniquis, V.: in Bruti salute certatur: maximā vi certatur, S. — Fig., to contend, struggle, strive: inter se quo iure certarent: in centumvirali iudicio: provocatione, L.: si quid se iudice certes, H.: foro si res certabitur olim, be tried, H.: cui (multae) certandae cum dies advenisset, L.: certata lite deorum Ambracia, the subject of arbitration, O.: quicum omni ratione certandum sit: (carmina) certantia iudice Tarpā, recited in competition, H. — To contend, compete, wrestle, struggle, strive, vie, match: cursu cum aequalibus, S.: si nautae certarent, quis eorum potissimum gubernaret: dic, mecum quo pignore certes (in music), V.: Carmine vilem ob hircum, H.: solus tibi certat Amyntas, is your only rival, V.: Certent et cycnis ululae, V.—With inf: Phoebum superare canendo, V.: aequales certat superare legendo (violas), O.: inter se eruere quercum, V.: praedas certantes agere, with all their might, S.: Avidi gloriae certantes murum petere, striving to outdo one another, S.—Fig., to compete, vie, emulate, rival: Benedictis si certasset, T.: cum civibus de virtute, S.: cum aliorum improbitate: contumaciā adversus nobiles, L.: vobiscum de amore rei p.: virtute oportere, non genere certari.—Poet.: viridique certat Baca Venafro, H.: decerpens Certantem uvam purpurae, H.: (hunc) tergeminis tollere honoribus (i. e. tollendo), H.
    * * *
    I
    certare, certavi, certatus V
    vie (with), contest, contend/struggle (at law/politics), dispute; fight, strive
    II
    certius, certissime ADV
    certainly, definitely, really, for certain/a fact, truly; surely, firmly

    Latin-English dictionary > certō

  • 4 sodālitās

        sodālitās ātis, f    [sodalis], association, fellowship, companionship, friendship: sodalitas familiaritasque.— A society, association, brotherhood: fera.— An association for dining, banqueting-club: sodalitates me quaestore constitutae sunt.— A secret society, conspiracy: ut sodalitates decuriatique discederent, etc.
    * * *
    association (social/politics); religious fraternity; electioneering gang; guild

    Latin-English dictionary > sodālitās

  • 5 certor

    certari, certatus sum V DEP
    compete (in a contest), contend/struggle (at law/politics), strive

    Latin-English dictionary > certor

  • 6 civilitas

    science of politics/government; behavior of ordinary person; citizenship (Ecc)

    Latin-English dictionary > civilitas

  • 7 conservativus

    conservativa, conservativum ADJ

    Latin-English dictionary > conservativus

  • 8 statalis

    statalis, statale ADJ

    Latin-English dictionary > statalis

  • 9 ars

    ars, artis, f. [v. arma], skill in joining something, combining, working it, etc., with the advancement of Roman culture, carried entirely beyond the sphere of the common pursuits of life, into that of artistic and scientific action, just as, on the other hand, in mental cultivation, skill is applied to morals, designating character, manner of thinking, so far as it is made known by external actions (syn.: doctrina, sollertia, calliditas, prudentia, virtus, industria, ratio, via, dolus).
    I. A.
    Lit.:

    Zeno censet artis proprium esse creare et gignere,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 22, 57:

    quarum (artium) omne opus est in faciendo atque agendo,

    id. Ac. 2, 7, 22; id. Off. 2, 3, 12 sq.—
    B.
    Transf.
    1.
    With the idea extended, any physical or mental activity, so far as it is practically exhibited; a profession, art ( music, poetry, medicine, etc.); acc. to Roman notions, the arts were either liberales or ingenuae artes, arts of freemen, the liberal arts; or artes illiberales or sordidae, the arts, employments, of slaves or the lower classes.
    a.
    In gen.:

    Eleus Hippias gloriatus est nihil esse ullā in arte rerum omnium, quod ipse nesciret: nec solum has artes, quibus liberales doctrinae atque ingenuae continerentur, geometriam, musicam, litterarum cognitionem et poëtarum, atque illa, quae de naturis rerum, quae de hominum moribus, quae de rebus publicis dicerentur, sed anulum, quem haberet, pallium, quo amictus, soccos, quibus indutus esset, se suā manu confecisse,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 32, 127:

    Jam de artificiis et quaestibus, qui liberales habendi, qui sordidi sint, haec fere accepimus. Primum improbantur ii quaestus, qui in odia hominum incurrunt, ut portitorum, ut feneratorum. Illiberales autem et sordidi quaestus mercenariorum omniumque, quorum operae, non artes emuntur: est enim in illis ipsa merces auctoramentum servitutis... Opificesque omnes in sordidā arte versantur... Quibus autem artibus aut prudentia major inest aut non mediocris utilitas quaeritur, ut medicina, ut architectura, ut doctrina rerum honestarum, hae sunt iis, quorum ordini conveniunt, honestae,

    Cic. Off. 1, 42, 150 sq.; cf. id. Fam. 4, 3:

    artes elegantes,

    id. Fin. 3, 2, 4:

    laudatae,

    id. de Or. 1, 3, 9:

    bonae,

    Ov. Tr. 3, 7, 32:

    optimae,

    Cic. Fin. 2, 34, 111:

    magnae,

    id. Or. 1, 4:

    maximae,

    id. de Or. 1, 2, 6:

    gravissimae,

    id. Fin. 2, 34, 112:

    leviores artes,

    id. Brut. 1, 3:

    mediocres,

    id. de Or. 1, 2, 6:

    omnis artifex omnis artis,

    Vulg. Apoc. 18, 22:

    artifices omnium artium,

    ib. 1 Par. 22, 15.—
    b.
    Esp., of a single art, and,
    (α).
    With an adj. designating it:

    ars gymnastica,

    gymnastics, Plaut. Most. 1, 2, 73:

    ars duellica,

    the art of war, id. Ep. 3, 4, 14:

    ars imperatoria,

    generalship, Quint. 2, 17, 34:

    (artes) militares et imperatoriae,

    Liv. 25, 9, 12:

    artes civiles,

    politics, Tac. Agr. 29:

    artes urbanae,

    i. e. jurisprudence and eloquence, Liv. 9, 42:

    ars grammatica,

    grammar, Plin. 7, 39, 40, § 128:

    rhetorica,

    Quint. 2, 17, 4:

    musica,

    poetry, Ter. Hec. prol. 23:

    musica,

    music, Plin. 2, 25, 23, § 93:

    medicae artes,

    the healing art, medicine, Ov. H. 5, 145; so,

    ars Apollinea,

    id. Tr. 3, 3, 10:

    magica,

    Verg. A. 4, 493, and Vulg. Sap. 17, 7; so,

    maleficis artibus inserviebat,

    he used witchcraft, ib. 2 Par. 33, 6 al.—
    (β).
    With a gen. designating it:

    ars disserendi,

    dialectics, Cic. de Or. 2, 38, 157:

    ars dicendi,

    the art of speaking, id. ib. 1, 23, 107, and Quint. 2, 17, 17; so,

    ars eloquentiae,

    id. 2, 11, 4:

    ars medendi,

    Ov. A. A. 2, 735:

    ars medentium,

    Stat. S. 5, 1, 158:

    medicorum ars,

    Vulg. 1 Par. 16, 12:

    pigmentariorum ars,

    the art of unguents, ib. 2 Par. 16, 4:

    ars armorum,

    the art of war, Quint. 2, 17, 33:

    ars pugnae,

    Vulg. Judith, 5, 27; so in plur.:

    belli artes,

    Liv. 25, 40, 5:

    ars gubernandi,

    navigation, Cic. Div. 1, 14, 24; Quint. 2, 17, 33; so,

    ars gubernatoris,

    Cic. Fin. 1, 13, 42.—Sometimes the kind of art may be distinguished by the connection, so that ars is used absol. of a particular art:

    instruere Atriden num potes arte meā? i. e. arte sagittandi,

    Ov. H. 16, 364:

    tunc ego sim Inachio notior arte Lino, i. e. arte canendi,

    Prop. 3, 4, 8:

    fert ingens a puppe Notus: nunc arte (sc. navigandi) relictā Ingemit,

    Stat. Th. 3, 29; so Luc. 7, 126; Sil. 4, 715:

    imus ad insignes Urbis ab arte (sc. rhetoricā) viros,

    Ov. Tr. 4, 10, 16:

    ejusdem erat artis, i. e. artis scaenofactoriae,

    Vulg. Act. 18, 3.—
    2.
    Science, knowledge:

    quis ignorat, ii, qui mathematici vocantur, quantā in obscuritate rerum et quam reconditā in arte et multiplici subtilique versentur,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 3, 10:

    nam si ars ita definitur, ex rebus penitus perspectis planeque cognitis atque ab opinionis arbitrio sejunctis, scientiāque comprehensis, non mihi videtur ars oratoris esse ulla,

    id. ib. 1, 23, 108: nihil est quod ad artem redigi possit, nisi ille prius, qui illa tenet. quorum artem instituere vult, habeat illam scientiam (sc. dialecticam), ut ex iis rebus, quarum ars nondum sit, artem efficere possit, id. ib. 1, 41, 186:

    ars juris civilis,

    id. ib. 1, 42, 190:

    (Antiochus) negabat ullam esse artem, quae ipsa a se proficisceretur. Etenim semper illud extra est, quod arte comprehenditur... Est enim perspicuum nullam artem ipsam in se versari, sed esse aliud artem ipsam, aliud, quod propositum sit arti,

    id. Fin. 5, 6, 16; id. ad Q. Fr. 1, 1, 9; id. Cael. 30, 72; id. Or. 1, 4:

    vir bonus optimisque artibus eruditus,

    Nep. Att. 12, 4: ingenium docile, come, ap-tum ad artes optimas, id. Dion, 1, 2 al.—
    C. 1.
    The theory of any art or science: ars est praeceptio, quae dat certam viam rationemque faciendi aliquid, Auct. ad Her. 1, 1;

    Asper, p. 1725 P.: non omnia, quaecumque loquimur, mihi videntur ad artem et ad praecepta esse revocanda,

    not every thing is to be traced back to theory and rules, Cic. de Or. 2, 11, 44: res mihi videtur esse facultate ( in practice) praeclara, arte ( in theory) mediocris;

    ars enim earum rerum est, quae sciuntur: oratoris autem omnis actio opinionibus, non scientiā continetur,

    id. ib. 2, 7, 30; id. Ac. 2, 7, 22.—In later Lat. ars is used,
    a.
    Absol. for grammatical analysis, grammar:

    curru non, ut quidam putant, pro currui posuit, nec est apocope: sed ratio artis antiquae, etc.,

    Serv. ad Verg. A. 1, 156; 1, 95: et hoc est artis, ut (vulgus) masculino utamur, quia omnia Latina nomina in us exeuntia, si neutra fuerint, tertiae sunt declinationis, etc., id. ad eund. ib. 1, 149: secundum artem dicamus honor, arbor, lepor: plerumque poëtae r in s mutant, id. ad eund. ib. 1, 153 al.—Hence also,
    b.
    As a title of books in which such theories are discussed, for rhetorical and, at a later period, for grammatical treatises.
    (α).
    Rhetorical:

    quam multa non solum praecepta in artibus, sed etiam exempla in orationibus bene dicendi reliquerunt!

    Cic. Fin. 4, 3, 5:

    ipsae rhetorum artes, quae sunt totae forenses atque populares,

    id. ib. 3, 1, 4: neque eo dico, quod ejus (Hermagorae) ars mihi mendosissime scripta videatur; nam satis in eā videtur ex antiquis artibus ( from the ancient works on rhetoric) ingeniose et diligenter electas res collocāsse, id. Inv. 1, 6 fin.:

    illi verbis et artibus aluerunt naturae principia, hi autem institutis et legibus,

    id. Rep. 3, 4, 7:

    artem scindens Theodori,

    Juv. 7, 177.—
    (β).
    Grammar:

    in artibus legimus superlativum gradum non nisi genitivo plurali jungi,

    Serv. ad Verg. A. 1, 96: ut in artibus lectum est, id. ad eund. ib. 1, 535.—So Ars, as the title of the later Lat. grammars: Donati Ars Grammatica, Cledonii Ars, Marii Victorini Ars, etc.; v. the grammarians in Gothofred., Putsch., Lindem., Keil.—
    2.
    The knowledge, art, skill, workmanship, employed in effecting or working upon an object (Fr. adresse):

    majore quādam opus est vel arte vel diligentiā,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 14 fin.:

    et tripodas septem pondere et arte pares,

    Ov. H. 3, 32: qui canit arte, canat;

    qui bibit arte, bibat,

    id. A. A. 2, 506:

    arte laboratae vestes,

    Verg. A. 1, 639:

    plausus tunc arte carebat,

    was void of art, was natural, unaffected, Ov. A. A. 1, 113.—
    3.
    (Concr.) The object artistically formed, a work of art:

    clipeum efferri jussit Didymaonis artis,

    Verg. A. 5, 359:

    divite me scilicet artium, Quas aut Parrhasius protulit aut Scopas,

    Hor. C. 4, 8, 5; id. Ep. 1, 6, 17.—
    4.
    Artes (personified), the Muses:

    artium chorus,

    Phaedr. 3, prol. 19.—
    II.
    Transf. from mind to morals, the moral character of a man, so far as it is made known by actions, conduct, manner of acting, habit, practice, whether good or bad:

    si in te aegrotant artes antiquae tuae,

    your former manner of life, conduct, Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 35; cf. Hor. C. 4, 15, 12; Plaut. Trin. 2, 1, 6 Lind.:

    nempe tuā arte viginti minae Pro psaltriā periere,

    Ter. Ad. 4, 7, 24:

    quid est, Quod tibi mea ars efficere hoc possit amplius?

    my assiduity, id. And. 1, 1, 4:

    Hac arte (i. e. constantiā, perseverantiā) Pollux et vagus Hercules Enisus arces attigit igneas,

    Hor. C. 3, 3, 9:

    multae sunt artes (i. e. virtutes) eximiae, hujus administrae comitesque virtutis (sc. imperatoris),

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 13; id. Fin. 2, 34, 115; id. Verr. 2, 4, 37 Zumpt:

    nam imperium facile his artibus retinetur, quibus initio partum est,

    Sall. C. 2, 4 Kritz; so id. ib. 5, 7:

    cultusque artesque virorum,

    Ov. M. 7, 58:

    mores quoque confer et artes,

    id. R. Am. 713: praeclari facinoris aut artis [p. 167] bonae famam quaerere, Sall. C. 2, 9; so id. ib. 10, 4:

    animus insolens malarum artium,

    id. ib. 3, 4; so Tac. A. 14, 57.—Hence also, absol. in mal. part. as in Gr. technê for cunning, artifice, fraud, stratagem:

    haec arte tractabat virum,

    Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 125 (cf. Ov. H. 17, 142):

    capti eādem arte sunt, quā ceperant Fabios,

    Liv. 2, 51; 3, 35:

    at Cytherea novas artes, nova pectore versat Consilia,

    Verg. A. 1, 657; so id. ib. 7, 477:

    ille dolis instructus et arte Pelasgā,

    id. ib. 2, 152:

    talibus insidiis perjurique arte Sinonis Credita res, etc.,

    id. ib. 2, 195:

    fraudes innectere ponto Antiquā parat arte,

    Luc. 4, 449:

    tantum illi vel ingenii vel artis vel fortunae superfuit,

    Suet. Tit. 1:

    fugam arte simulantes,

    Vulg. Jud. 20, 32: regem summis artibus pellexit, pasêi mêchanêi, Suet. Vit. 2.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > ars

  • 10 civile

    1.
    cīvīlis, e, adj. [civis].
    I.
    Of or pertaining to citizens, civil, civic (class. in prose and poetry, and very freq.): sanguine civili rem conflant, by the blood of citizens, * Lucr. 3, 70; Cic. Fam. 15, 15, 1:

    conjuratio,

    id. ib. 5, 12, 2:

    bellum,

    id. Att. 7, 13, 1; id. Imp. Pomp. 10, 28:

    bella,

    Hor. Epod. 16, 1; Luc. 1, 1:

    genus belli,

    Cic. Att. 7, 13, 1; Sall. C. 47, 2; Quint. 12, 1, 16; Flor. 3, 22, 10; 3, 23, 7:

    facinus,

    Cic. Att. 7, 13, 1.—So De Bello Civili, the title of a portion of the Commentaries of Julius Cæsar, Flor. 4, 2, 4:

    discordia,

    Sall. C. 5, 2:

    dissensio,

    id. J. 41 fin.:

    discidii specie,

    Tac. A. 14, 60:

    irae,

    id. ib. 1, 43:

    acies,

    Ov. M. 7, 142:

    arma,

    civil war, Cic. Div. 2, 2, 6; Tac. A. 1, 9:

    aestus,

    Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 47:

    Mars,

    Ov. H. 6, 35:

    busta,

    Prop. 2, 1, 27:

    victoria,

    Nep. Epam. 10, 3; Sall. J. 95, 4; Tac. H. 4, 38 fin.:

    praeda,

    id. ib. 3, 15 et saep.:

    mos consuetudoque,

    Cic. Off. 1, 41,148; cf.

    just before: instituta civilia: conciliatio et societas,

    id. N. D. 2, 31, 78:

    facinus,

    id. Att. 7, 13, 1:

    clamor,

    Liv. 3, 28, 4; cf.

    robur,

    id. 28, 44, 5:

    curae,

    Hor. C. 3, 8, 17:

    quercus = corona civica (v. civicus, I.),

    Verg. A. 6, 772: civilis dies, the civil day ( from midnight to midnight; opp. to the naturalis dies, from the rising to the setting of the sun), Varr. R. R. 1, 28, 1; Plin. 2, 77, 79, § 188; Macr. S. 1, 3:

    amor (opp. to naturalis),

    between citizens, Gell. 12, 1, 23.—
    2.
    Esp.: jus civile.
    a.
    In gen., private rights, the law, as it protects citizens in their status, property, etc.:

    jus civile est aequitas constituta iis, qui ejusdem civitatis sunt, ad res suas obtinendas,

    Cic. Top. 2, 9:

    sit ergo in jure civili finis hic: legitimae atque usitatae in rebus causisque civium aequabilitatis conservatio,

    id. de Or. 1, 42, 188:

    qui jus civile contemnendum putat, is vincula revellit judiciorum, etc.,

    id. Caecin. 25, 70; id. Off. 3, 17, 69; id. Balb. 11, 28; Gai Inst. 1, 1; Just. Inst. 1, 2, 1 sq.;

    opp. jus naturale: quodam tempore homines nondum neque naturali neque civili jure descripto fusi, etc.,

    Cic. Sest. 42, 91.—
    b.
    The body of Roman law relating to private rights, the Civil Law:

    ut si quis dicat jus civile id esse, quod in legibus, senatūs consultis, rebus judicatis, juris peritorum auctoritate, edictis magistratuum, more, aequitate consistat,

    Cic. Top. 5, 28:

    hoc civile (jus) quod dicimus (opp. causa universi juris ac legum),

    id. Leg. 1, 5, 17:

    de jure civili si quis novi quid instituit,

    id. Verr. 2, 1, 42, § 109;

    opp. jus nationum,

    id. Div in Caecil. 5, 18;

    opp. jus praetorium, the precedents of decisions by the prætor: nam quod agas mecum ex jure civili ac praetorio non habes,

    id. Caecin. 12, 34; 2, 4; cf. Dig. 1, 1, 7 pr. and § 1.—
    c.
    In narrower sense, the code of procedure, the forms of process in the Roman law:

    civile jus, repositum in penetralibus pontificum, evulgavit (Licinius),

    Liv. 9, 46, 5 Weissenb. ad loc.:

    jus civile per multa saecula inter sacra caerimoniasque deorum abditum, Cn. Flavius vulgavit,

    Val. Max. 2, 5, 2; cf. Dig. 1, 2, 2, § 5 sqq.; plur.:

    inteream si... novi civilia jura,

    Hor. S. 1, 9, 39.—
    B.
    Relating to public or political life, political, public, state-:

    scientia,

    politics, political science, Cic. Inv. 1, 5, 6; Quint. 2, 15, 33:

    quaestiones,

    id. 2, 15, 36:

    officia,

    id. 2, 15, 36, and 2, 4, 27:

    civilium rerum peritus,

    Tac. H. 2, 5:

    mersor civilibus undis,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 16: vir, a statesman, politikos, Quint. prooem. § 10; 11, 10, 15; 12, 2, 7; 12, 2, 21; 11, 1, 35.—
    2.
    Esp. civil, opp. military (first in Livy):

    is gravis annis non militaribus solum sed civilibus quoque abscesserat muneribus,

    Liv. 9, 3, 5; cf.:

    civilis res haud magnopere obeuntem bella excitabant,

    id. 6, 22, 7.—
    II.
    Trop. (cf. popularis, and the Gr. koinos), demeaning one ' s self as a citizen; hence of distinguished persons, courteous, polite, civil, affable, urbane (so not before the Aug. per.; esp. freq. in Suet.;

    in Quint. only once): quid enim civilius illo?

    Ov. Tr. 4, 4, 13:

    sermo,

    Liv. 6, 40, 15:

    animus,

    id. 45, 32, 5; Tac. A. 1, 72; Suet. Caes. 75; id. Claud. 1; id. Dom. 12; cf. id. Calig. 3; id. Vesp. 12:

    parumque id non civile modo sed humanum etiam visum,

    unbecoming a private citizen, Liv. 5, 23, 5:

    et humano ingressu,

    Quint. 3, 8, 59 Spald.:

    incessu,

    Plin. Pan. 83, 7:

    civile ingenium, mira comitas,

    Tac. A. 1, 33; cf. id. ib. 2, 82: arma, id. H. 4, 3:

    civile rebatur, misceri voluptatibus vulgi,

    id. A. 1, 54; cf. id. ib. 2, 34; 3, 22; Plin. Pan. 78, 4; 87, 1:

    civilis circa amicos,

    Eutr. 7, 13:

    in cunctos,

    id. 10, 16.— Sup., Eutr. 8, 1; Spart. Had. 20, 1.—As subst.: cīvīle, is, n., courtesy:

    si quicquam in vobis non dico civilis sed humani esset,

    Liv. 5, 3, 9.—Hence, adv.: cīvīlĭter.
    1.
    (Acc. to I.) Citizen-like: vivere, Cic. ap. Lact. 3, 14: certare, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 14, 3; Liv. 38, 56, 9; 33, 46, 3; Juv. 5, 112; Gell. praef. § 13.—
    b.
    In judicial language, civilly (opp. criminally):

    agere,

    Dig. 47, 2, 92; 11, 6, 1; 47, 10, 37.—
    2.
    (Acc. to 2.) As becomes a citizen, courteously, kindly, Ov. M. 12, 583; id. Tr. 3, 8, 41; Tac. A. 3, 76; 4, 21; id. H. 2, 91.— Comp.:

    civilius,

    Plin. Pan. 29, 2; App. M. 9, p. 236, 10.— Sup.:

    civilissime,

    Eutr. 7, 8.
    2.
    Cīvīlis, is, m., a proper name, e. g. Julius Civilis, chief of the Batavi, Tac. H. 4, 13 sq.; abl. Civile, id. ib. 4, 35.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > civile

  • 11 Civilis

    1.
    cīvīlis, e, adj. [civis].
    I.
    Of or pertaining to citizens, civil, civic (class. in prose and poetry, and very freq.): sanguine civili rem conflant, by the blood of citizens, * Lucr. 3, 70; Cic. Fam. 15, 15, 1:

    conjuratio,

    id. ib. 5, 12, 2:

    bellum,

    id. Att. 7, 13, 1; id. Imp. Pomp. 10, 28:

    bella,

    Hor. Epod. 16, 1; Luc. 1, 1:

    genus belli,

    Cic. Att. 7, 13, 1; Sall. C. 47, 2; Quint. 12, 1, 16; Flor. 3, 22, 10; 3, 23, 7:

    facinus,

    Cic. Att. 7, 13, 1.—So De Bello Civili, the title of a portion of the Commentaries of Julius Cæsar, Flor. 4, 2, 4:

    discordia,

    Sall. C. 5, 2:

    dissensio,

    id. J. 41 fin.:

    discidii specie,

    Tac. A. 14, 60:

    irae,

    id. ib. 1, 43:

    acies,

    Ov. M. 7, 142:

    arma,

    civil war, Cic. Div. 2, 2, 6; Tac. A. 1, 9:

    aestus,

    Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 47:

    Mars,

    Ov. H. 6, 35:

    busta,

    Prop. 2, 1, 27:

    victoria,

    Nep. Epam. 10, 3; Sall. J. 95, 4; Tac. H. 4, 38 fin.:

    praeda,

    id. ib. 3, 15 et saep.:

    mos consuetudoque,

    Cic. Off. 1, 41,148; cf.

    just before: instituta civilia: conciliatio et societas,

    id. N. D. 2, 31, 78:

    facinus,

    id. Att. 7, 13, 1:

    clamor,

    Liv. 3, 28, 4; cf.

    robur,

    id. 28, 44, 5:

    curae,

    Hor. C. 3, 8, 17:

    quercus = corona civica (v. civicus, I.),

    Verg. A. 6, 772: civilis dies, the civil day ( from midnight to midnight; opp. to the naturalis dies, from the rising to the setting of the sun), Varr. R. R. 1, 28, 1; Plin. 2, 77, 79, § 188; Macr. S. 1, 3:

    amor (opp. to naturalis),

    between citizens, Gell. 12, 1, 23.—
    2.
    Esp.: jus civile.
    a.
    In gen., private rights, the law, as it protects citizens in their status, property, etc.:

    jus civile est aequitas constituta iis, qui ejusdem civitatis sunt, ad res suas obtinendas,

    Cic. Top. 2, 9:

    sit ergo in jure civili finis hic: legitimae atque usitatae in rebus causisque civium aequabilitatis conservatio,

    id. de Or. 1, 42, 188:

    qui jus civile contemnendum putat, is vincula revellit judiciorum, etc.,

    id. Caecin. 25, 70; id. Off. 3, 17, 69; id. Balb. 11, 28; Gai Inst. 1, 1; Just. Inst. 1, 2, 1 sq.;

    opp. jus naturale: quodam tempore homines nondum neque naturali neque civili jure descripto fusi, etc.,

    Cic. Sest. 42, 91.—
    b.
    The body of Roman law relating to private rights, the Civil Law:

    ut si quis dicat jus civile id esse, quod in legibus, senatūs consultis, rebus judicatis, juris peritorum auctoritate, edictis magistratuum, more, aequitate consistat,

    Cic. Top. 5, 28:

    hoc civile (jus) quod dicimus (opp. causa universi juris ac legum),

    id. Leg. 1, 5, 17:

    de jure civili si quis novi quid instituit,

    id. Verr. 2, 1, 42, § 109;

    opp. jus nationum,

    id. Div in Caecil. 5, 18;

    opp. jus praetorium, the precedents of decisions by the prætor: nam quod agas mecum ex jure civili ac praetorio non habes,

    id. Caecin. 12, 34; 2, 4; cf. Dig. 1, 1, 7 pr. and § 1.—
    c.
    In narrower sense, the code of procedure, the forms of process in the Roman law:

    civile jus, repositum in penetralibus pontificum, evulgavit (Licinius),

    Liv. 9, 46, 5 Weissenb. ad loc.:

    jus civile per multa saecula inter sacra caerimoniasque deorum abditum, Cn. Flavius vulgavit,

    Val. Max. 2, 5, 2; cf. Dig. 1, 2, 2, § 5 sqq.; plur.:

    inteream si... novi civilia jura,

    Hor. S. 1, 9, 39.—
    B.
    Relating to public or political life, political, public, state-:

    scientia,

    politics, political science, Cic. Inv. 1, 5, 6; Quint. 2, 15, 33:

    quaestiones,

    id. 2, 15, 36:

    officia,

    id. 2, 15, 36, and 2, 4, 27:

    civilium rerum peritus,

    Tac. H. 2, 5:

    mersor civilibus undis,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 16: vir, a statesman, politikos, Quint. prooem. § 10; 11, 10, 15; 12, 2, 7; 12, 2, 21; 11, 1, 35.—
    2.
    Esp. civil, opp. military (first in Livy):

    is gravis annis non militaribus solum sed civilibus quoque abscesserat muneribus,

    Liv. 9, 3, 5; cf.:

    civilis res haud magnopere obeuntem bella excitabant,

    id. 6, 22, 7.—
    II.
    Trop. (cf. popularis, and the Gr. koinos), demeaning one ' s self as a citizen; hence of distinguished persons, courteous, polite, civil, affable, urbane (so not before the Aug. per.; esp. freq. in Suet.;

    in Quint. only once): quid enim civilius illo?

    Ov. Tr. 4, 4, 13:

    sermo,

    Liv. 6, 40, 15:

    animus,

    id. 45, 32, 5; Tac. A. 1, 72; Suet. Caes. 75; id. Claud. 1; id. Dom. 12; cf. id. Calig. 3; id. Vesp. 12:

    parumque id non civile modo sed humanum etiam visum,

    unbecoming a private citizen, Liv. 5, 23, 5:

    et humano ingressu,

    Quint. 3, 8, 59 Spald.:

    incessu,

    Plin. Pan. 83, 7:

    civile ingenium, mira comitas,

    Tac. A. 1, 33; cf. id. ib. 2, 82: arma, id. H. 4, 3:

    civile rebatur, misceri voluptatibus vulgi,

    id. A. 1, 54; cf. id. ib. 2, 34; 3, 22; Plin. Pan. 78, 4; 87, 1:

    civilis circa amicos,

    Eutr. 7, 13:

    in cunctos,

    id. 10, 16.— Sup., Eutr. 8, 1; Spart. Had. 20, 1.—As subst.: cīvīle, is, n., courtesy:

    si quicquam in vobis non dico civilis sed humani esset,

    Liv. 5, 3, 9.—Hence, adv.: cīvīlĭter.
    1.
    (Acc. to I.) Citizen-like: vivere, Cic. ap. Lact. 3, 14: certare, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 14, 3; Liv. 38, 56, 9; 33, 46, 3; Juv. 5, 112; Gell. praef. § 13.—
    b.
    In judicial language, civilly (opp. criminally):

    agere,

    Dig. 47, 2, 92; 11, 6, 1; 47, 10, 37.—
    2.
    (Acc. to 2.) As becomes a citizen, courteously, kindly, Ov. M. 12, 583; id. Tr. 3, 8, 41; Tac. A. 3, 76; 4, 21; id. H. 2, 91.— Comp.:

    civilius,

    Plin. Pan. 29, 2; App. M. 9, p. 236, 10.— Sup.:

    civilissime,

    Eutr. 7, 8.
    2.
    Cīvīlis, is, m., a proper name, e. g. Julius Civilis, chief of the Batavi, Tac. H. 4, 13 sq.; abl. Civile, id. ib. 4, 35.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > Civilis

  • 12 civilis

    1.
    cīvīlis, e, adj. [civis].
    I.
    Of or pertaining to citizens, civil, civic (class. in prose and poetry, and very freq.): sanguine civili rem conflant, by the blood of citizens, * Lucr. 3, 70; Cic. Fam. 15, 15, 1:

    conjuratio,

    id. ib. 5, 12, 2:

    bellum,

    id. Att. 7, 13, 1; id. Imp. Pomp. 10, 28:

    bella,

    Hor. Epod. 16, 1; Luc. 1, 1:

    genus belli,

    Cic. Att. 7, 13, 1; Sall. C. 47, 2; Quint. 12, 1, 16; Flor. 3, 22, 10; 3, 23, 7:

    facinus,

    Cic. Att. 7, 13, 1.—So De Bello Civili, the title of a portion of the Commentaries of Julius Cæsar, Flor. 4, 2, 4:

    discordia,

    Sall. C. 5, 2:

    dissensio,

    id. J. 41 fin.:

    discidii specie,

    Tac. A. 14, 60:

    irae,

    id. ib. 1, 43:

    acies,

    Ov. M. 7, 142:

    arma,

    civil war, Cic. Div. 2, 2, 6; Tac. A. 1, 9:

    aestus,

    Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 47:

    Mars,

    Ov. H. 6, 35:

    busta,

    Prop. 2, 1, 27:

    victoria,

    Nep. Epam. 10, 3; Sall. J. 95, 4; Tac. H. 4, 38 fin.:

    praeda,

    id. ib. 3, 15 et saep.:

    mos consuetudoque,

    Cic. Off. 1, 41,148; cf.

    just before: instituta civilia: conciliatio et societas,

    id. N. D. 2, 31, 78:

    facinus,

    id. Att. 7, 13, 1:

    clamor,

    Liv. 3, 28, 4; cf.

    robur,

    id. 28, 44, 5:

    curae,

    Hor. C. 3, 8, 17:

    quercus = corona civica (v. civicus, I.),

    Verg. A. 6, 772: civilis dies, the civil day ( from midnight to midnight; opp. to the naturalis dies, from the rising to the setting of the sun), Varr. R. R. 1, 28, 1; Plin. 2, 77, 79, § 188; Macr. S. 1, 3:

    amor (opp. to naturalis),

    between citizens, Gell. 12, 1, 23.—
    2.
    Esp.: jus civile.
    a.
    In gen., private rights, the law, as it protects citizens in their status, property, etc.:

    jus civile est aequitas constituta iis, qui ejusdem civitatis sunt, ad res suas obtinendas,

    Cic. Top. 2, 9:

    sit ergo in jure civili finis hic: legitimae atque usitatae in rebus causisque civium aequabilitatis conservatio,

    id. de Or. 1, 42, 188:

    qui jus civile contemnendum putat, is vincula revellit judiciorum, etc.,

    id. Caecin. 25, 70; id. Off. 3, 17, 69; id. Balb. 11, 28; Gai Inst. 1, 1; Just. Inst. 1, 2, 1 sq.;

    opp. jus naturale: quodam tempore homines nondum neque naturali neque civili jure descripto fusi, etc.,

    Cic. Sest. 42, 91.—
    b.
    The body of Roman law relating to private rights, the Civil Law:

    ut si quis dicat jus civile id esse, quod in legibus, senatūs consultis, rebus judicatis, juris peritorum auctoritate, edictis magistratuum, more, aequitate consistat,

    Cic. Top. 5, 28:

    hoc civile (jus) quod dicimus (opp. causa universi juris ac legum),

    id. Leg. 1, 5, 17:

    de jure civili si quis novi quid instituit,

    id. Verr. 2, 1, 42, § 109;

    opp. jus nationum,

    id. Div in Caecil. 5, 18;

    opp. jus praetorium, the precedents of decisions by the prætor: nam quod agas mecum ex jure civili ac praetorio non habes,

    id. Caecin. 12, 34; 2, 4; cf. Dig. 1, 1, 7 pr. and § 1.—
    c.
    In narrower sense, the code of procedure, the forms of process in the Roman law:

    civile jus, repositum in penetralibus pontificum, evulgavit (Licinius),

    Liv. 9, 46, 5 Weissenb. ad loc.:

    jus civile per multa saecula inter sacra caerimoniasque deorum abditum, Cn. Flavius vulgavit,

    Val. Max. 2, 5, 2; cf. Dig. 1, 2, 2, § 5 sqq.; plur.:

    inteream si... novi civilia jura,

    Hor. S. 1, 9, 39.—
    B.
    Relating to public or political life, political, public, state-:

    scientia,

    politics, political science, Cic. Inv. 1, 5, 6; Quint. 2, 15, 33:

    quaestiones,

    id. 2, 15, 36:

    officia,

    id. 2, 15, 36, and 2, 4, 27:

    civilium rerum peritus,

    Tac. H. 2, 5:

    mersor civilibus undis,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 16: vir, a statesman, politikos, Quint. prooem. § 10; 11, 10, 15; 12, 2, 7; 12, 2, 21; 11, 1, 35.—
    2.
    Esp. civil, opp. military (first in Livy):

    is gravis annis non militaribus solum sed civilibus quoque abscesserat muneribus,

    Liv. 9, 3, 5; cf.:

    civilis res haud magnopere obeuntem bella excitabant,

    id. 6, 22, 7.—
    II.
    Trop. (cf. popularis, and the Gr. koinos), demeaning one ' s self as a citizen; hence of distinguished persons, courteous, polite, civil, affable, urbane (so not before the Aug. per.; esp. freq. in Suet.;

    in Quint. only once): quid enim civilius illo?

    Ov. Tr. 4, 4, 13:

    sermo,

    Liv. 6, 40, 15:

    animus,

    id. 45, 32, 5; Tac. A. 1, 72; Suet. Caes. 75; id. Claud. 1; id. Dom. 12; cf. id. Calig. 3; id. Vesp. 12:

    parumque id non civile modo sed humanum etiam visum,

    unbecoming a private citizen, Liv. 5, 23, 5:

    et humano ingressu,

    Quint. 3, 8, 59 Spald.:

    incessu,

    Plin. Pan. 83, 7:

    civile ingenium, mira comitas,

    Tac. A. 1, 33; cf. id. ib. 2, 82: arma, id. H. 4, 3:

    civile rebatur, misceri voluptatibus vulgi,

    id. A. 1, 54; cf. id. ib. 2, 34; 3, 22; Plin. Pan. 78, 4; 87, 1:

    civilis circa amicos,

    Eutr. 7, 13:

    in cunctos,

    id. 10, 16.— Sup., Eutr. 8, 1; Spart. Had. 20, 1.—As subst.: cīvīle, is, n., courtesy:

    si quicquam in vobis non dico civilis sed humani esset,

    Liv. 5, 3, 9.—Hence, adv.: cīvīlĭter.
    1.
    (Acc. to I.) Citizen-like: vivere, Cic. ap. Lact. 3, 14: certare, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 14, 3; Liv. 38, 56, 9; 33, 46, 3; Juv. 5, 112; Gell. praef. § 13.—
    b.
    In judicial language, civilly (opp. criminally):

    agere,

    Dig. 47, 2, 92; 11, 6, 1; 47, 10, 37.—
    2.
    (Acc. to 2.) As becomes a citizen, courteously, kindly, Ov. M. 12, 583; id. Tr. 3, 8, 41; Tac. A. 3, 76; 4, 21; id. H. 2, 91.— Comp.:

    civilius,

    Plin. Pan. 29, 2; App. M. 9, p. 236, 10.— Sup.:

    civilissime,

    Eutr. 7, 8.
    2.
    Cīvīlis, is, m., a proper name, e. g. Julius Civilis, chief of the Batavi, Tac. H. 4, 13 sq.; abl. Civile, id. ib. 4, 35.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > civilis

  • 13 civilitas

    cīvīlĭtas, ātis, f. [civilis].
    I.
    (Acc. to civilis, I. B.) The art of government, politics, only three times in Quint. as transl. of the Gr. politikê, 2, 15, 25; 2, 15, 33; 2, 17, 14. —
    II.
    (Acc. to civilis, II.) Courteousness, politeness, affability (post-Aug. and rare), Suet. Aug. 51; id. Claud. 35; Eutr. 7, 21; Lampr. Alex. Sev. 20.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > civilitas

  • 14 disciplina

    discī̆plīna (also uncontr. DISCIPVLINA, Num. Hadr. ap. Eckh. D. N. V. 6, p. 503; the Cod. palimps. Cic. Rep. 2, 19, prima manu has likewise DISCIPVLINA: so,

    discipulina,

    Plaut. Most. 1, 2, 75 Lorenz; id. As. 1, 3, 49 Fleck.; cf. Ussing ad loc.), ae. f. [discipulus], instruction, tuition, teaching in the widest sense of the word (for syn. cf.: ars, litterae, doctrina, scientia, cognitio, numanitas—very freq. and good prose).
    I.
    Lit.:

    ad aliquem disciplinae causa concurrere (for which, shortly after: illo discendi causa proficisci),

    Caes. B. G. 6, 13, 4; cf. ib. 6, 14, 2 and 3:

    alicui in disciplinam tradi,

    Cic. Div. 1, 41, 92; cf. id. Verr. 2, 1, 45; id. Phil. 2, 2:

    eadem in litteris ratio est reliquisque rebus, quarum est disciplina,

    are the objects of instruction, id. Div. 2, 3, 10: puerilis, id. Rep. 4, 3; 4; cf.:

    pueritiae disciplinae,

    id. de Imp. Pomp. 10, 28:

    praestantior,

    id. Fam. 1, 7 fin. et saep.
    II.
    Meton. (causa pro effectu), all that is taught in the way of instruction, whether with reference to single circumstances of life, or to science, art, morals, politics, etc., learning, knowledge, science, discipline.
    A.
    Object.:

    caveto alienam disciplinam temere contemnas,

    Cato R. R. 1, 4:

    qui haec (sc. justitia, fides, aequitas, etc.) disciplinis informata, alia moribus confirmarunt, sanxerunt autem alia legibus,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 2:

    totius familiae praecepta et instituta et disciplina,

    id. Verr. 2, 3, 68:

    a pueris nullo officio aut disciplina assuefacti nihil omnino contra voluntatem faciant,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 1, 9; id. B. C. 3, 10, 4 et saep.:

    cujus prima aetas dedita disciplinis fuit iisque artibus, quibus instruimur ad hunc usum forensem,

    Cic. Cael. 30, 72:

    juris civilis,

    id. de Or. 1, 39, 18; cf. id. Mur. 10 fin.:

    dicendi,

    id. Brut. 44, 163:

    musices,

    music, Quint. 1, 10, 15:

    omnis honesti justique,

    id. 12, 2, 1:

    ruris,

    agriculture, Col. 1, 1, 6; cf.

    id. prooem. § 23 et saep.: militiae,

    art of war, tactics, Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 10, 28; cf.

    bellica,

    id. N. D. 2, 64, 161:

    militaris,

    Nep. Iphicr. 1 and 2; esp. military discipline, Liv. 8, 7 fin.; 8, 32; 34; 35; Tac. G. 25; Suet. Caes. 24 et saep.; cf.

    also: docuit, quid populi Romani disciplina atque opes possent,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 1 fin.;

    and with usus,

    id. ib. 1, 40, 5:

    domestica,

    domestic discipline, Suet. Caes. 48; cf.

    domus,

    id. Aug. 65 et saep.:

    rei publicae,

    science of government, statesmanship, Cic. de Or. 1, 34, 159; cf. id. Rep. 1, 33; 2, 38 fin.;

    3, 3 al.: disciplina philosophiae,

    philosophical doctrines, philosophical system, Cic. Ac. 2, 3; cf. id. Fin. 1, 4 fin.; id. N. D. 1, 7; 5, 32, 90; id. Brut. 25; id. Off. 3, 4, 20 et saep.—
    B.
    Subject., a custom, habit:

    eademne erat haec disciplina tibi, quum tu adolescens eras?

    Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 17:

    eādem nos disciplinā utimur,

    id. As. 1, 3, 49; cf. Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 59 Ruhnk.:

    imitatur malarum malam disciplinam,

    Plaut. Cas. 3, 5, 28; cf.:

    imitari, Castor, potius avi mores disciplinamque debebas,

    Cic. Deiot. 10; cf.

    also,

    id. Verr 2, 3, 68; Plaut. Merc. 1, 1, 6; id. Truc. 1, 1, 30.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > disciplina

См. также в других словарях:

  • politics — pol‧it‧ics [ˈpɒltɪks ǁ ˈpɑː ] noun [uncountable] 1. ideas and activities relating to gaining and using power in a country, city etc: • a businessman who is also involved in politics 2. the activities of people who are concerned with gaining… …   Financial and business terms

  • politics —    Politics has been described as ‘who gets what, when, where and how’, ‘the art of the possible’, and in less polite terms as anything to do with people scheming, manipulating or otherwise abusing or seeking power or influence over others. For… …   Encyclopedia of contemporary British culture

  • Politics — «Politics» Сингл Korn из альбома See You on the Other Side …   Википедия

  • politics — noun campaigning, civilis ratio, electioneering, governance, government, matters of state, partisanism, party leadership, party politics, party system, political affairs, political influence, political involvement, political maneuvers, political… …   Law dictionary

  • politics — is treated as a singular noun when it means ‘the art or science or business of government’ (Politics is a popular subject at many universities / one example of how Scottish politics has lost the faith of the people it is meant to serve) and… …   Modern English usage

  • politics — ► PLURAL NOUN (usu. treated as sing. ) 1) the activities associated with governing a country or area, and with the political relations between states. 2) a particular set of political beliefs or principles. 3) activities aimed at gaining power… …   English terms dictionary

  • Politics — Pol i*tics, n. [Cf. F. politique, Gr. ? (sc.?). See {Politic}.] 1. The science of government; that part of ethics which has to do with the regulation and government of a nation or state, the preservation of its safety, peace, and prosperity, the… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • Politics — astroturf attack fax Baracknophobia birther blue hot Bork businesscrat celeb …   New words

  • politics — [päl′ə tiks] pl.n. [ POLIT(IC) + ICS] [with sing. or pl. v.] 1. the science and art of political government; political science 2. political affairs 3. the conducting of or participation in political affairs, often as a profession 4. political… …   English World dictionary

  • politics — (n.) 1520s, science of government, from POLITIC (Cf. politic) (adj.), modeled on Aristotle s ta politika affairs of state, the name of his book on governing and governments, which was in English mid 15c. as Polettiques. Also see ICS (Cf. ics).… …   Etymology dictionary

  • politics — [n] art and science of administration of government affairs of state, backroom*, campaigning, civics, domestic affairs, electioneering, foreign affairs, government, government policy, hat in the ring*, internal affairs, jungle*, legislature,… …   New thesaurus


Поделиться ссылкой на выделенное

Прямая ссылка:
Нажмите правой клавишей мыши и выберите «Копировать ссылку»