-
61 unaccompanied
unaccompanied [‚ʌnə'kʌmpənɪd]∎ unaccompanied by an adult non accompagné par un adulte(b) Music (singing) sans accompagnement, a capella; (singer) non accompagné, a capella; (song) sans accompagnement; (choir) a capella;∎ for unaccompanied violin pour violon seulUn panorama unique de l'anglais et du français > unaccompanied
-
62 NCAA
1) Авиация: НОГА2) Военный термин: NATO Civil Agency, NATO Civil Air Augmentation, National Collegiate Athletes Association3) Шутливое выражение: National Celebrity Annoying Association, National Communists Against Athletes, National Conspiracy Against Alabama, National Conspiracy Against Athletes, National Council Of Athletic Ayatollahs, No Class At All, No Clue About Anything, No Clue About Athletics, No Clue At All, No Clues At All, Non Caring Arrogant Aristocrats, Not Caring For All Athletes, Not Counting At All4) Сокращение: Non-Nuclear Consumables Annual Analysis, National Collegiate Athletic Association, Norwegian Civil Aviation Authority5) Университет: No Classes At All6) Транспорт: National Command Authority Aircraft - 7477) Образование: Non Communicative Adult Addicts -
63 persona
Del verbo personarse: ( conjugate personarse) \ \
se persona es: \ \3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) presente indicativo
persona sustantivo femenino dos o más personas two or more people; las personas interesadas … all those interested …b) ( en locs)no lo conozco en persona I don't know him personally; por persona per person; solo se venden dos entradas por persona you can only get two tickets per person; la comida costó 20 dólares por persona the meal cost 20 dollars per o a headc) (Ling) person
persona sustantivo femenino
1 (individuo) person, people pl: es una persona muy sensible, he is a very sensitive person
no es mala persona, he isn't a bad sort
había demasiadas personas, there were too many people familiar persona mayor, grown-up
persona non grata, persona non grata
2 persona jurídica, legal entity
3 Ling person
tercera persona del singular, third person singular Locuciones: en persona, in person
por persona, per person ' persona' also found in these entries: Spanish: A - abajo - abandonar - abandonada - abandonado - abierta - abierto - abordar - aborregarse - abrazarse - abrigada - abrigado - acaparar - acartonarse - acoger - acogedor - acogedora - acogida - acostarse - adaptable - adefesio - adusta - adusto - afanosa - afanoso - afianzarse - afortunada - afortunado - agobiante - aguatera - aguatero - ajena - ajeno - alcanzar - alevosa - alevoso - alhaja - alma - alquilar - alta - alto - alza - amén - amordazar - animar - animadversión - animal - animarse - anular - apaciguarse English: abandon - absence - accept - accessible - acquaintance - act up - action - activity - adaptable - address - adjust - adjustment - admit - adult - advance - affect - affluent - agreeable - air - airy - aloof - am - angry - annoyance - appealing - appoint - approach - approachable - approve of - armchair - armor - armour - around - arrival - articulate - ask - ask for - ass - assassin - assassination - assign - astute - attractive - available - awkward - ax - axe - baby - background - backwardtr[pə'səʊnə]1 (character) personaje nombre masculinopər'səʊnə, pɜː'səʊnə[pɜː'sǝʊnǝ]N (pl personae) [ˌpɜː'sǝʊnaɪ]1) (=character) personaje m2) (=image) imagen f3)persona grata — persona f grata
persona non grata — persona f no grata
* * *[pər'səʊnə, pɜː'səʊnə] -
64 clase
f.1 class.de primera clase first-classde segunda clase second-classclase alta/media upper/middle classlas clases dirigentes the ruling classesclase obrera working classclases pasivas = pensioners and people on benefitclase preferente club classclase social social classclase trabajadora working classclase turista tourist class2 sort, kind (tipo).no me gusta esa clase de bromas I don't like that kind of joketoda clase de all sorts o kinds of3 class (education) (asignatura, alumnos).clases particulares private tuitionclase de francés/inglés French/English classclase magistral master class* * *1 (grupo, categoría) class2 (aula) classroom; (de universidad) lecture hall3 (tipo) type, sort\asistir a clase to attend classdar clase to teachde buena clase good qualityde todas clases of all kinds, of all sortstener clase to have classtoda clase de all sorts ofclase alta upper classclase baja lower classclase de conducir driving lessonclase dirigente ruling classclase media middle classclase obrera working classclase particular private class, private lessonclase preferente business classclases de recuperación remedial classesclases pasivas pensionersprimera clase first classsegunda clase second class* * *noun f.1) class2) sort, type* * *1. SF1) (Escol)a) (=lección) lesson, classuna clase de historia — a history lesson o class
- fumarse o saltarse o soplarse la claseb) (=instrucción) schoolfaltar a clase — to miss school, be absent
c) (=aula) classroomd) (=grupo de alumnos) classla gente de mi clase — my classmates, my class
"se dan clases particulares" — "private tuition offered"
2) (Univ)a) [práctica] (=lección, instrucción) class; (=aula) classroomb) (=lección) lecturehoy no voy a clase — I'm not going to any lectures today, I'm not going to University today
c) (=aula) lecture room3) (=tipo) kind, sortgente de todas clases — all kinds o sorts of people, people of all kinds
con toda clase de detalles — in great detail, down to the last detail
4) (=calidad) quality5) [en viajes] classsegunda clase — second class, standard class
6) (=elegancia) classtu hermana tiene mucha clase — your sister has a lot of class, your sister's very classy
7) (Sociol) classlas clases acomodadas — the well-to-do, the moneyed classes
la clase dirigente o dominante — the ruling class
la clase política — politicians pl, the political establishment Sociol
8) (Bio, Bot) class9) (Mil)2.ADJ And * first-rate, classy ** * *1)a) ( tipo) kind, sort, typeb) ( categoría)2) (Transp) classviajar en primera/segunda clase — to travel (in) first/second class
3) (Sociol) class4) (distinción, elegancia) class5) (Educ)a) ( lección) classclases de conducir or manejar — driving lessons
dictar clase (de algo) — (AmL frml) to lecture (in something)
dar clase or (Chi) hacer clases (de algo) — profesor ( en colegio) to teach (something); ( en universidad) to lecture (something), teach (something)
¿quién te da clase de latín? — who takes you for Latin?
da clases de latín/piano con un profesor privado — (Esp) she has latin classes/piano lessons with a private tutor
b) ( grupo de alumnos) classun compañero de clase — a classmate, a school friend
c) ( aula - en escuela) classroom; (- en universidad) lecture hall o room6) (Bot, Zool) class* * *1)a) ( tipo) kind, sort, typeb) ( categoría)2) (Transp) classviajar en primera/segunda clase — to travel (in) first/second class
3) (Sociol) class4) (distinción, elegancia) class5) (Educ)a) ( lección) classclases de conducir or manejar — driving lessons
dictar clase (de algo) — (AmL frml) to lecture (in something)
dar clase or (Chi) hacer clases (de algo) — profesor ( en colegio) to teach (something); ( en universidad) to lecture (something), teach (something)
¿quién te da clase de latín? — who takes you for Latin?
da clases de latín/piano con un profesor privado — (Esp) she has latin classes/piano lessons with a private tutor
b) ( grupo de alumnos) classun compañero de clase — a classmate, a school friend
c) ( aula - en escuela) classroom; (- en universidad) lecture hall o room6) (Bot, Zool) class* * *clase11 = class, class, cluster, kind, nature, schedules, the, sort, type, schedule, table, ilk, class standing.Ex: The following highlights are what this first class of Fellows recall of their time overseas.
Ex: A class is a set of things which share some property, or characteristic, in common.Ex: Various other methods of obtaining clusters have been described, including the use of fuzzy sets, but these are beyond the scope of this book.Ex: Document descriptions may be drafted for a wide variety of different kinds of library material, but some common principles can be established.Ex: Since all of the headings are alphabetical words, it is possible to interfile entries regardless of the nature of their heading.Ex: The list of terms, representing concepts systematically arranged and showing their relationships, constitutes the schedules of a classification scheme.Ex: Thoughts of this sort kept running about like clockwork mice in his head, while the murmur of chatter filled the room and outside dusk had yielded to black night.Ex: There are a number of types of abstracts or labels that can be applied to abstracts.Ex: We have now established all the information that we need to enable us to construct a schedule, or table, in a given subject area.Ex: We have now established all the information that we need to enable us to construct a schedule, or table, in a given subject area.Ex: Perhaps she would be well advised to read that book and others of its ilk to see if she could learn something about surviving in the corporate world.Ex: Social distance, the aloofness and unapproachability of persons of different social strata, is both a symbol of class standing.* análisis multidimensional de clases = multidimensional cluster analysis.* área de datos específicos de la clase de documento = material (or type of publication) specific details area.* clase acomodada = nob.* clase alta = upper class.* clase anterior = anterior numeral class.* clase baja = lower class, the.* clase business = business class.* clase capitalista = capitalist class.* clase fénix = Phoenix schedule.* clase general = containing class.* clase gobernante, la = ruling class, the, ruling elite, the.* clase intelectual = intellectual class.* clase marginada = underclass.* clase media = middle class.* clase media alta = upper-middle class.* clase obrera = working class.* clase política = political class.* clase principal = main class.* clases altas, las = upper circles, the.* clases auxiliares = auxiliaries.* clases inferiores, las = lower orders, the.* clase social = social class.* clase superior = brahmin.* clase trabajadora = working class, labouring class.* clase turista = economy class.* con toda clase de comodidades = with all mods and cons.* con toda clase de lujos = with all mods and cons.* correo de primera clase = first class post.* cultura de la clase alta = high culture.* cultura de la clase baja = low culture.* cultura de la clase media = middlebrow culture.* de primera clase = first class, first-rate, tip-top.* de segunda clase = second-rate.* designación específica de la clase de documento = specific material designation.* designación general de la clase de documento = general material designation.* de una clase social superior = above + Posesivo + class.* dimensión de clase = class dimension.* fuera de clase = out-of-class.* identidad clase-tipo = type-token identity.* lucha de clases = class warfare.* modelo en su clase = showpiece.* notación de clase = class notation.* política de clases = class politics.* prejuicio de clases = class prejudice.* relación clase-tipo = type-token ratio.* sin clases sociales = classless.* sistema de clases sociales = class system.* subdivisión dentro de una clase = link, step of division.* toda clase de = all sorts of.* una clase de = a kind of.clase22 = classroom, class.Ex: Teaching is done through lectures, seminars, tutorials and practical work both in the classroom and the library.
Ex: The students in these classes were asked to record their library science periodical usage for one week = En estas clases se les pidió a los estudiantes que mantuvieran un registro del uso que hacían de las publicaciones periódicas de biblioteconomía y documentación durante una semana.* delegado de clase = class prefect, class representative.clase33 = lesson, session, course unit, teaching session, lecture.Ex: There were lessons in this story which appear to have been ignored but remain valid for the future.
Ex: But more mature readers can be expected to go on reading for full sessions without flagging, a point that most children should reach by ten years old.Ex: This paper discusses the library education programme in the 1st library school in Nigeria to offer the course unit system as operated in the USA.Ex: In teaching session after teaching session, day after day, school tasks are administered through textbooks, instruction manuals, reference works, etc -- tomes teeming with problems for the pupils to solve.Ex: The staff undertake searches and enquiries for the user and educate the user by various ways, from informal discussion to fully prepared lectures.* anterior a la clase = preclass.* apuntes de clase = lecture notes, class notes.* asistir a una clase = attend + class.* aula de clase = teaching room.* clase de educación de adultos = adult learning class, adult learner class.* clase de educación especial = special education class.* clase de educación física = physical education class.* clase de gimnasia = gym class.* clase de historia = history lesson.* clase de prácticas = practical.* clase de primaria = infant class.* clase de redacción = composition class.* clase didáctica = didactic lecture.* clase magistral = lecture class.* clase nocturna = evening class.* clases de apoyo = remedial teaching.* clases de guitarra = guitar tuition.* clase virtual = e-lesson.* compañero de clase = classmate.* curso de clases magistrales = lecture course.* curso mixto de clases y práctica en la empresa = sandwich course.* dar clase = give + a lesson, teach + class, teach + lesson, hold + class.* ejercicios de clase = school tasks.* en el aula de clase = classroom-based.* faltar a clase = play + hooky, skip + class, play + truant, bunk off, bunk + classes, skive, bunk + school.* faltar a una clase = miss + class, cut + class.* fugarse una clase = skip + class.* hora de clase = class period.* horario de clase = class time, class schedule.* horas de clase = class time, school hours.* impartir clases = lecture.* lectura en clase = class reading.* lectura recomendada de clase = classroom reading.* material didáctico entregado en clase = class handout.* perderse una clase = miss + class.* preparar un trabajo de clase = research + paper.* programa mixto de clases y práctica en la empresa = sandwich programme.* saltarse una clase = skip + class, miss + class, cut + class.* trabajo de clase = term paper, coursework [course work], term project, essay assignment, class assignment, course assignment, homework, student assignment, written assignment.* trabajos de clase = classroom asignment.* * *A1 (tipo) kind, sort, typesin ninguna clase de explicaciones with no explanation of any kind, without any kind of explanationte deseo toda clase de felicidad I wish you every happiness2(categoría): productos de primera clase top-quality productsB ( Transp) classviajar en primera/segunda clase to travel (in) first/second classCompuestos:economy o tourist class● clase ejecutiva or preferentebusiness classC ( Sociol) classgente de todas las clases sociales people of all (social) classesla clase política politiciansCompuestos:upper classlower classruling classmiddle class● clase media alta/media bajaupper-middle/lower-middle classworking classfpl:working classD (distinción, elegancia) classtiene mucha clase she has a lot of class, she's very classy ( colloq)E ( Educ)1 (lección) classeste año ha faltado a clase diez veces this year he's missed ten classesla clase que más me gusta es la de historia my favorite class o ( BrE) lesson is historyse porta muy mal en clase she behaves very badly in class¿a qué hora sales de clase? what time do you get out of class ( o school etc)?los centros en los que se imparten las clases ( frml); the centers where classes are heldclases de conducir or manejar driving lessonsdicta clase de filosofía ( AmL); she teaches philosophy, she gives philosophy classes«alumno» ( Esp) to have classesda clases particulares he gives private classes, he teaches privately¿quién te da clase de latín? who do you have for o who takes you for Latin?da clases de matemáticas en la Universidad she lectures in o teaches mathematics at the Universitydio la clase de mi parte he gave o took the class for medoy clases de música con un profesor particular ( Esp); I have music lessons with a private teacherhace clases de piano en el conservatorio ( Chi); he teaches piano at the conservatory2 (grupo de alumnos) classinvitó a toda la clase a la fiesta she invited the whole class to the partyes el primero de la clase he's top of the class, he's the best in the classun compañero de clase a classmate, a school friend3 (aula — en una escuela) classroom; (— en una universidad) lecture hall o room, lecture auditorium ( AmE), lecture theatre ( BrE)¿en qué clase es la conferencia? which room is the lecture in?Compuestos:master classevening classprivate class o lesson( Mil) ≈ NCO, ≈ noncommissioned officer* * *
clase sustantivo femenino
1 ( tipo) kind, sort, type;
2 (Transp, Sociol) class;
clase económica or turista economy o tourist class;
clase ejecutiva or preferente business class;
clase alta/baja/media upper/lower/middle class;
clase dirigente or dominante ruling class;
clase obrera working class
3
b) ( categoría):
4 (Educ)
clases de conducir or manejar driving lessons;
dictar clase (de algo) (AmL frml) to lecture (in sth);
dar clase or (Chi) hacer clases (de algo) [ profesor] to teach (sth);◊ da clases de piano (Esp) she has piano lessons;
clase particular private class o lesson
(— en universidad) lecture hall o room
clase sustantivo femenino
1 (género, tipo) kind, sort: tienen toda clase de instrumentos musicales, they have all kinds of musical instruments
2 (categoría) class
viajar en primera/ segunda clase, to travel first/second class
un jamón de primera clase, a top-quality ham
3 (grupo social) class
clase alta/media, upper/middle class
clases pasivas, pensioners
4 Educ (aula) classroom
(grupo de estudiantes) class
(lección) lesson, class
5 (elegancia, estilo) class
' clase' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
amiga
- amigo
- baja
- bajo
- colegio
- compartimento
- compartimiento
- curso
- dar
- dirigente
- entre
- especie
- fichada
- fichado
- fumarse
- género
- guión
- honda
- índole
- media
- medio
- mejor
- naturaleza
- permitirse
- pueblo
- repelente
- suerte
- tema
- tipo
- adelante
- apuntar
- asistir
- atrás
- burgués
- burguesía
- capar
- capear
- cierto
- compañero
- dibujo
- dictar
- dormir
- espabilado
- faltar
- formar
- listo
- numeroso
- obrero
- orden
- parejo
English:
artwork
- background
- blue-collar
- board
- brand
- breed
- charge off
- class
- classmate
- classroom
- classy
- conclude
- description
- discipline
- diverse
- dunce
- economy class
- first-class
- form
- grade
- gym
- heterogeneous
- institution
- kind
- lance corporal
- lecture
- lesson
- lower-class
- manner
- method
- middle-class
- nature
- order
- period
- posh
- remedial
- riding lesson
- second-class
- session
- shade
- Sloane Ranger
- sort
- start off
- stay behind
- stream
- take
- tourist class
- type
- upper class
- variety
* * *clase nf1. [grupo, categoría] class;de primera clase first-class;de segunda clase second-class;una mercancía de primera clase a first-class o top-class product2. [en medio de transporte] class;primera/segunda clase first/second class;viajar en primera/segunda clase to travel first/second classclase económica economy class;clase ejecutiva business class;clase preferente business o club class;Andes clase salón [en tren] first class;clase turista tourist class3. [grupo social, profesional, institucional] class;la clase médica the medical profession;la clase política the political class, politiciansclase alta upper class;clase baja lower class;la clase dirigente the ruling class;clase media middle class;clase media alta upper middle class;clase media baja lower middle class;clase obrera working class;clase ociosa the idle classes;clases pasivas = pensioners and people on benefit;clase social social class;clase trabajadora working class4. [tipo] sort, kind;no me gusta esa clase de bromas I don't like that kind of joke;toda clase de all sorts o kinds of;os deseamos toda clase de felicidad we wish you every happiness;de toda clase of all sorts o kinds;sin ninguna clase de dudas without a (shadow of a) doubt5. Zool class6. Ling class7. [asignatura, lección] [en colegio] class;[en universidad] lecture;una clase de historia a history class/lecture;iremos al cine después de clase [en colegio] we're going to the cinema after school;[en universidad] we're going to the cinema after class;me voy a clase, nos veremos luego I'm going to my lecture, see you later;el profesor no le puede recibir ahora, está en clase the teacher can't see you now, he's teaching o he's giving a class;dar clases [en colegio] to teach;[en universidad] to lecture;da clases de español a un grupo de franceses she teaches Spanish to a group of French people;doy clase con el Sr. Vega Mr Vega is my teacher;faltar a clase to miss school;faltó una semana a clase por enfermedad she was off school for a week because she was ill;hoy tengo clase [en colegio] I have to go to school today;[en universidad] I've got lectures today Esp clases de conducir driving lessons;clase magistral lecture;Am clases de manejar driving lessons;clase nocturna evening class;clases particulares private tuition;clases de recuperación = extra lessons for pupils who have failed their exams8. [alumnos] class;me encontré a una compañera de clase I met a classmate9. [aula] [en colegio] classroom;[en universidad] lecture room o halluna mujer con mucha clase a very classy woman;con ese gol demostró su clase he showed his class with that goal* * *f1 EDU class;dar clase(s) teach2 ( variedad) kind, sort3 social class;la clase obrera the working class4:tener clase have class;una mujer con clase a classy woman* * *clase nf1) : class2) índole, tipo: sort, kind, type* * *clase n2. (lección) class / lesson¿a qué hora empieza la clase? what time does the class begin?3. (tipo) kind4. (aula) classroom -
65 formation
formation [fɔʀmasjɔ̃]feminine nouna. ( = développement) formationb. ( = apprentissage) training ; ( = stage, cours) training course• formation en alternance [d'élève en apprentissage] school course combined with work experiencec. ( = groupe) formation━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━* * *fɔʀmasjɔ̃1) ( instruction) ( scolaire) education; ( professionnelle) training (en in)‘formation assurée’ — ‘training provided’
2) ( cours) training course3) (de gouvernement, parti, d'équipe) forming4) ( apparition) formation5) ( ensemble) formation6) ( groupe) group•Phrasal Verbs:* * *fɔʀmasjɔ̃ nf1) (= action, processus) forming2) (= éducation) trainingIl a une formation d'ingénieur. — He is a trained engineer.
3) MUSIQUE group4) MILITAIRE, AVIATION formation5) GÉOGRAPHIE formation6) (politique, syndicale) group* * *formation nf1 ( instruction) ( scolaire) education; ( professionnelle) training (en in); formation militaire military training; il est ingénieur de formation he's an engineer by training; il a reçu une formation d'ingénieur he was trained as an engineer; avoir une formation littéraire to have an arts background; la formation des jeunes/maîtres youth/teacher education; il n'a aucune formation he has no training; en formation [stagiaire, technicien] undergoing training ( après n); ‘formation assurée’ ‘training provided’; quelle est votre formation? what education and training have you had?;2 ( cours) training course;3 (de gouvernement, parti, d'équipe) forming; il a été chargé de la formation du gouvernement he was asked to form the government; la formation de leur parti a pris deux mois it took two months to form their party;4 ( apparition) formation; on observe la formation de rougeurs/d'escarres red blotches/bedsores appear; ils s'interrogent encore sur la formation des planètes they're still wondering how the planets were formed; au moment de la formation des glaciers when the glaciers were (being) formed; ‘trous en formation’ ‘uneven carriageway’;5 ( puberté) puberty;6 ( ensemble) formation; une formation végétale/granitique a formation of vegetation/of granite; une formation nuageuse a cloud formation;7 ( groupe) group; formation politique/musicale/syndicale political/musical/trade union group;8 Mil ( détachement) detachment; ( disposition) formation; formation aérienne/de combat/en carré aerial/combat/square formation; formation en ligne Aviat line formation.formation en alternance sandwich course; formation continue adult continuing education; formation de mots Ling word-formation; formation permanente = formation continue; formation professionnelle professional training; formation sur le tas on-the-job training.[fɔrmasjɔ̃] nom féminin2. [groupe] groupa. [classique] orchestrab. [moderne] band[connaissances] cultural backgroundelle a une bonne formation littéraire/scientifique she has a good literary/scientific backgroundarchitecte de formation, elle est devenue cinéaste having trained as an architect, she turned to making filmsformation continue ou permanente day release or night school education for employees provided by companies8. LINGUISTIQUE -
66 ♦ life
♦ life /laɪf/n. (pl. lives)1 [uc] vita ( quasi in ogni senso); esistenza; ( di cose) durata: He lost his life in a road accident, perse la vita in un incidente stradale; to risk (o to endanger) one's life, rischiare la vita; to save sb. 's life, salvare la vita a q.; to rebuild one's life, rifarsi una vita; to spare sb. 's life, risparmiare la vita a q.; the struggle for life, la lotta per l'esistenza; this life, questa vita; la vita terrena; plant life, flora; vegetazione; the eternal life, la vita eterna; to spend one's life in idleness, passare la vita nell'ozio; country [city] life, la vita di campagna [di città]; high life, la vita elegante (o dell'alta società); low life, vita mediocre (o misera); to lead a happy life, condurre un'esistenza serena; to make life difficult for sb., rendere la vita difficile a q.; to make sb. 's life a misery, rendere la vita di q. un inferno; Most fashions have a very short life, per lo più le mode hanno vita brevissima; the life of a government, la durata (o la vita) d'un governo; the life of a loan, la durata di un mutuo; love life, vita sentimentale; home life, vita familiare; adult life, vita adulta; busy life, vita molto attiva; full life, vita piena; charmed life, vita piena di fortune; hard life, vita dura; humdrum life, vita monotona; married life, vita matrimoniale; private life, vita privata; a sheltered life, una vita troppo protetta2 [u] ( arte) (il) naturale; (il) vero; (il) vivo: to draw from life, disegnare dal vero; life drawing, disegno dal vero; a class in life, un corso di disegno dal vero4 (fig.) occasione di ricominciare da capo, di rifarsi una vita5 vita; biografia: a life of Einstein, una biografia di Einstein; Plutarch's «Lives», le «Vite» di Plutarco6 condanna a vita (o all'ergastolo); ergastolo (= life imprisonment e life sentence ► sotto): The terrorist got life, il terrorista è stato condannato all'ergastolo; a man serving (o doing) life, un uomo che sconta una condanna all'ergastolo; un ergastolano● life annuity, (assegno) vitalizio □ life assurance = life insurance ► sotto □ life blood ► lifeblood □ life cycle, (biol.) ciclo vitale; (comput.) ciclo di vita ( del software); (econ., fin.) ciclo di vita ( di un prodotto; di un investitore, ecc.) □ (leg.) life estate, usufrutto a vita □ life expectancy, (ass., stat.) aspettativa (o speranza) di vita; ( di cosa) durata prevista □ life-giving, vivificante; che rianima; che rinvigorisce □ (mil., in GB) the Life Guards, le Guardie del Corpo del Sovrano ( reggimento di cavalleria) □ Life Guardsman, soldato della Guardia del Corpo □ (biol.) life history, storia biologica □ ( di un bene) life-hold, tenuto in usufrutto □ (leg., in GB e USA) life imprisonment, carcere per la durata di vari anni ( in pratica, di rado supera i 10 anni); (stor.) carcere a vita, ergastolo (= life sentence ► sotto) □ life instinct, pulsione di vita □ (ass.) life insurance, assicurazione sulla vita □ (leg.) life interest, usufrutto a vita □ (naut.) life jacket, giubbotto (di salvataggio) □ (med.) life machine, respiratore artificiale □ life member, socio a vita □ life-net, telo di salvataggio □ ( slang USA) the life of Riley, la bella vita; la vita comoda (o di Michelaccio) □ (ass.) life office, agenzia di assicurazioni sulla vita □ a life-or-death battle, un combattimento all'ultimo sangue □ a life-or-death matter, una questione di vita o di morte □ (polit.) Life Peer, Pari (d'Inghilterra) nominato a vita ( il titolo non è ereditario) □ (ass.) life policy, polizza di assicurazione sulla vita □ life preserver, bastone animato; tirapugni; ( USA, naut.) salvagente □ (naut., aeron.) life raft, gommone di salvataggio □ life-saver ► lifesaver □ (elettr.) life saving appliance, salvavita □ life-saving drug, farmaco salvavita □ life sciences, scienze naturali □ life scientist, naturalista □ (leg., in GB, in USA, ecc.) life sentence, condanna a diversi anni di carcere ( spesso il giudice fissa un periodo minimo; questo, in Canada, non supera mai i 25 anni); (stor.) condanna all'ergastolo ( che non esiste più nell'ordinamento inglese né in quello nordamericano) □ ( arte: di quadro, statua, ecc.) life-size (o life-sized), in grandezza naturale; al naturale □ life span, arco (o durata) della vita; vita naturale ( di un animale); durata ( di un oggetto) □ life spring, fonte di vita □ life story, storia di una vita; biografia □ (tecn.) life-support, che assicura la sopravvivenza □ (med.) life-support machine (o life-support system), autorespiratore □ (ass., stat.) life tables, tavole di mortalità □ (leg.) life tenancy, usufrutto a vita □ (leg.) life tenant, usufruttuario a vita □ (ind.) life test, prova di durata □ ( USA) life vest, giubbotto salvagente □ to be life-weary, essere stanco della vita □ life work, il lavoro di tutta una vita; l'opera più importante (di q.) □ (ecol.) life zone, zona biotica □ to bring to life, rianimare, far tornare in vita; animare, vivificare □ to come to life, rinvenire, riprendere conoscenza; (fig.) dimostrare interesse, interessarsi □ to come back to life, tornare in sé; riaversi; rinvenire □ for life, per tutta la vita; fino alla morte □ (in frasi neg.) for the life of me, per nulla al mondo; mai e poi mai □ for dear life, tenacemente; con tutte le proprie forze □ the good life, la bella vita; la vita comoda □ (ass.) a good [a bad] life, uno che ha molte [che ha scarse] probabilità di vivere sino all'età media presunta □ (fam.) to have the time of one's life, divertirsi un mondo; spassarsela □ to lay down one's life for, dare (o sacrificare) la vita per □ to marry early in life, sposarsi giovane □ Not on your life!, certo che no!; mai e poi mai! □ nothing in life, nulla di nulla; assolutamente nulla □ the other life (o future, everlasting life), l'altra vita (o la vita futura, eterna) □ to run for one's (o for dear) life, darsi alla fuga; darsela a gambe □ to be safe in life and limb, essere sano e salvo □ (in frasi neg.) to save one's life, per nulla al mondo; mai e poi mai □ to take sb. 's life, toglier la vita a q.; uccidere q. □ to take one's own life, togliersi la vita; suicidarsi □ (fam.) to take one's life in one's ( own) hands, mettere a repentaglio la vita □ to the life, somigliantissimo; tale e quale: ( di un ritratto) It's him to the life!, è lui nato e sputato!; to imitate sb. to the life, imitare qualcuno a pennello □ true to life, realistico; basato sui fatti; che riproduce fedelmente la realtà □ upon my life, in fede mia; parola mia □ with all the pleasure in life, col massimo piacere; con grande gioia □ A cat has nine lives, i gatti hanno sette vite □ (fam.) This is the life!, questa sì che è vita! □ I want to see life, voglio vivere anch'io!; voglio vedere il mondo □ (prov.) While there's life there's hope, finché c'è vita c'è speranza. -
67 mister
['mɪstə(r)]1) signore m. (forma completa, poco comune di Mr)2) colloq.now listen here, mister! — ascoltami bene tu!
* * *['mistə]((abbreviated to Mr when written) a polite title given to a male adult, either in writing or in speech: Good morning, Mr Smith; Ask Mr Jones.) signore, signor* * *mister /ˈmɪstə(r)/n.1 (abbr. in Mr; prima del cognome o del nome e cognome) signore: Mr ( John) Brown, il signor (John) Brown2 (al vocat., per esteso; slang) signore: What time is it, mister Smith?, che ore sono, signor Smith?3 vincitore di un concorso di bellezza; mister● ( slang USA) Mr Big, gigante (fig.); grande capo ( di gangster) □ Mr Chairman, signor Presidente ( di un'assemblea, ecc.) □ ( slang USA) Mr Clean, galantuomo; politico incorruttibile □ ( slang USA) Mr Fix-it, il Signor «ghe pensi mi» (region.); il Signor Aggiustatutto □ (fam. ingl.) Mr Nice, il Signor Dabbene □ ( slang USA) Mr Nice Guy, bravo ragazzo □ ( slang USA) Mr Right, l'uomo giusto ( da sposare); il principe azzurro: Bridget is still waiting for Mr Right to come along, Bridget aspetta ancora il suo principe azzurro □ Mr Secretary, signor Segretario □ Mr Speaker, signor Presidente ( della Camera dei Comuni) □ ( USA, spreg.) Mr Tom, negro ‘bianco’ ( integrato nel sistema)FALSI AMICI: mister non significa mister nel senso calcistico. NOTA D'USO: - mister, sir o gentleman?- (to) mister /ˈmɪstə(r)/v. t.* * *['mɪstə(r)]1) signore m. (forma completa, poco comune di Mr)2) colloq.now listen here, mister! — ascoltami bene tu!
-
68 case
1) случай; положение3) казус; судебное решение по делу; судебный прецедент; судебное дело5) фактические обстоятельства; изложение фактических обстоятельств; версия6) доводы; аргументация по делу; изложение требований; меморандум по делу; обвинение ( в суде)7) деликтный "иск по конкретным обстоятельствам дела" ( о взыскании убытков при невозможности предъявления других типов исков)•case against — доводы против (кого-л., чего-л.);
case as authority — судебное дело как источник права;
case at bar — дело на стадии судебного разбирательства;
case at hand — дело, находящееся в производстве;
case at law — судебное дело; предмет судебного разбирательства;
case cleared by arrest — амер. полиц. преступление, раскрытое в меру доказательств, достаточных для производства ареста;
case for — 1. аргументация в пользу кого-л., чего-л. 2. дело, выигранное кем-л. ;
case for enforcement — случай или версия, обосновывающие правоприменение;
case for motion — обоснование заявленного в суде ходатайства;
case for the crown — англ. версия государственного обвинения;
case for the defence — 1. версия защиты 2. дело, выигранное защитой;
case for the jury — дело, подлежащее рассмотрению присяжными;
case for the prosecution — 1. версия обвинения 2. дело, выигранное обвинением;
case for trial — дело, подлежащее судебному рассмотрению;
case going to trial — дело, направляемое для судебного рассмотрения;
case made — 1. согласованное сторонами изложение фактов по спорному правовому вопросу 2. запись судопроизводства;
case mortality — "смертность" судебных дел (количество судебных дел, проигранных истцами или обвинителями);
case on appeal — 1. англ. изложение дела стороной по апелляции 2. записка по делу, представляемая в апелляционный суд адвокатом истца по апелляции 3. документ с постановкой правового вопроса нижестоящим судом перед вышестоящим судом 4. дело, находящееся в апелляционном производстве ( поступившее или рассматриваемое по апелляционной жалобе);
case on trial — дело на стадии судебного рассмотрения;
case pending — дело на стадии рассмотрения; незаконченный процесс;
case received for investigation — дело, поступившее на расследование;
reference to a case — отсылка к делу;
case reserved — особые правовые вопросы ( передаваемые по соглашению или арбитражем на разрешение суда);
case sounding in contract — дело по спору из договора;
case sounding in tort — дело, связанное с причинением деликтного вреда;
case stated — письменное соглашение между истцом и ответчиком о фактах, лежащих в основе спора ( позволяющее суду ограничиться применением закона);
case sufficient for prosecution — версия, подкреплённая доказательствами, достаточными для возбуждения уголовного преследования;
case tried by the court — дело, рассмотренное судом без присяжных;
to appear in the case — выступать по делу;
to arrange a case — согласовать позиции по делу;
to bring a case — 1. представить дело в суд, суду 2. возбудить иск, обвинение, судебное дело 3. представить версию по делу 4. представить доводы, доказательства по делу;
to call (on) a case — назначить дело к слушанию;
to carry a case — проводить судебное дело, судебный процесс;
to close a case — прекратить дело; отказаться от иска, от обвинения;
to commence a case — возбудить иск, обвинение, судебное дело;
to develop a case — 1. подготовить дело 2. возбудить иск, обвинение, судебное дело;
to develop a case sufficient for prosecution — подготовить дело для возбуждения по нему уголовного преследования;
to dismiss a case — прекратить дело;
to disprove the case — 1. опровергнуть версию 2. опровергнуть доказательства 3. опровергнуть обвинение;
to drop a case — отказаться от иска, от обвинения;
to enter a case — 1. войти в дело 2. предъявить иск, обвинение;
to establish the case — доказать версию по делу;
to file a case — подать иск;
to follow the case — следовать прецеденту;
to handle a case — см. to conduct a case;
to initiate a case — возбудить иск, обвинение, судебное дело;
to lose a case — проиграть дело;
to make out the case — доказать версию по делу; выиграть дело;
case to move for new trial — заявление о новом рассмотрении дела;
to open case to the jury — представить фактические обстоятельства дела присяжным;
to prejudice a case — 1. относиться к делу с предубеждением 2. повлиять на судьбу дела ранее вынесенным по нему административным решением;
to prepare a case for trial — подготовить дело к слушанию в суде;
to present no case — не представить доказательств по делу;
to press the case — оказывать давление на суд, рассматривающий дело;
to process a case — вести дело; вести судебный процесс;
to prove a case — доказать версию по делу;
to prove one's case — доказать собственную версию;
to reach a case — выиграть дело;
to read a case — вести дело в суде;
case to remain open — дело, не закончившееся решением;
to rest the case — закончить изложение выдвинутой версии;
to review the case — пересмотреть дело;
to sanction a case — назначить дело к слушанию;
to solve a case — решить дело; раскрыть преступление ( о полиции);
to watch a case — наблюдать за ходом дела в суде;
to win a case — выиграть дело;
case tried by the court — дело, рассмотренное судом без присяжных;
case under investigation — расследуемое дело;
under the cases — в соответствии с судебной практикой;
- case in chargecase within the statute — случай, предусмотренный статутным правом
- case in equity
- case in fact
- case in law
- case in point
- conduct a case
- case of admiralty
- case of circumstantial evidence
- case of direct evidence
- case of emergency
- case of maritime jurisdiction
- case of the first impression
- administrative case
- admiralty case
- adult case
- advancement case
- agreed case
- analogous case
- anonymous case
- antitrust case
- appeals cases
- assault-homicide case
- bad case
- capital case
- Chancery cases
- circumstantial case
- cited case
- civil case
- civil-commitment case
- cleared case
- cognizable case
- common-law case
- common-law case of crime
- Commonwealth case
- Commonwealth's case
- consolidated cases
- contentious case
- court case
- Court of Appeal cases
- criminal case
- criminal-commitment case
- criminal constitutional case
- Crown case
- crown cases reserved
- crown's case
- defence case
- direct case
- disciplinary case
- discretion case
- dismissed case
- diverse citizenship case
- diversion case
- diversity case
- diversity jurisdiction case
- due process case
- earlier case
- early case
- equity case
- ex parte case
- ex parte patent case
- federal case
- former case
- good case
- government case
- government's case
- hard case
- illustrative case
- instant case
- jury case
- juvenile case
- landmark case
- later case
- law case
- leading case
- legal case
- litigated case
- litigation case
- major case
- major criminal case
- maritime case
- massive case
- mental case
- minor case
- minor criminal case
- moot case
- multi-defendant case
- non-capital case
- non-contentious case
- nondiversity jurisdiction case
- non-jury case
- nullity case
- parent case
- party's case
- pending case
- People case
- People's case
- petty case
- police complaint cases
- political case
- precedent case
- presumptive case of an offence
- previous case
- prima facie case
- prior case
- Probate case
- prosecuted case
- prosecution case
- release case
- remand case
- reopened case
- reported case
- restrictive covenant case
- routine case
- ruled case
- sales-of-goods case
- seminal case
- sentencing case
- similar case
- small claim case
- solved case
- special case
- state case
- stated case
- state's case
- statutory case
- statutory case of crime
- strong case for/against
- tax case
- test case
- thin case
- tie-in case
- trial case
- trumped-up case
- unanswerable case
- uncontested case
- unreported case
- unsolved case
- weak case for/against
- undefended case -
69 criminal
1) преступник | преступный3) лицо, виновное в совершении преступления4) лицо, осуждённое за совершение преступления; лицо, признанное преступником по суду5) уголовный•criminal at large — преступник, находящийся на свободе;
to turn to criminal — стать преступником, вступить на путь совершения преступлений;
- accidental criminalcriminal twist — склонность, предрасположение к совершению преступлений;
- accused criminal
- adjudged criminal
- adult criminal
- adventitious criminal
- alleged criminal
- amateur criminal
- born criminal
- career criminal
- common criminal
- computer criminal
- conventional criminal
- dangerous criminal
- dangerous special criminal
- detected criminal
- drug criminal
- established criminal
- experienced criminal
- fleeing criminal
- fugitive criminal
- habitual criminal
- hard core criminal
- heavily armed criminal
- identified criminal
- incidental criminal
- independent criminal
- international criminal
- irrational criminal
- irresponsible criminal
- juvenile criminal
- mob-connected criminal
- neurotic criminal
- nomadic criminal
- non-career criminal
- occasional criminal
- organized criminal
- persistent criminal
- petty criminal
- presumptive criminal
- professional criminal
- property criminal
- psychoid criminal
- psychopathic criminal
- rational criminal
- recorded criminal
- red-handed criminal
- relapsed criminal
- repeated criminal
- reported criminal
- reputed criminal
- resident known criminal
- retired criminal
- self-reported criminal
- situational criminal
- sophisticated criminal
- state criminal
- street criminal
- supposed criminal
- syndicated criminal
- syndicate criminal
- systematic criminal
- teen criminal
- violent criminal
- wanted criminal
- war criminal
- white-collar criminal
- would-be criminal
- young adult criminal
- hardened criminal -
70 institution
1) учреждение, установление, основание, введение2) институт (правовой, политический)4) возбуждение (дела, судебного преследования)•- institution of justiceinstitution for inebriates — больница ( закрытого типа) для алкоголиков;
- institution of proceedings
- institution of prosecution
- adult institution
- adult correctional institution
- Borstal institution
- Broadmoor institution
- cellular institution
- charitable institution
- correctional institution
- custodial institution
- custodially secure institution
- felon institution
- governing institution
- governmental institution
- inherited institution
- integrated institution
- jail-type institution
- juvenile institution
- juvenile correctional institution
- legal institution
- level-6 institution
- maximum-custody type institution
- maximum security institution
- medium security institution
- mental institution
- military institution
- minimum security institution
- misdemeanant institution
- naval institution
- non-felon institution
- open institution
- open type institution
- penal institution
- penal and correctional institution
- public institution
- punishment-oriented institution
- punitive institution
- secure institution
- segregated institution
- specialized institution
- strictly custodial institution
- tight institution
- treatment-oriented institution
- wall-type institution
- youth institution -
71 mature
1. a зрелый; спелый2. a выдержанный3. a доношенный4. a тщательно обдуманный5. a ком. подлежащий оплате6. a созревший, назревший7. a уст. созревший, готовый8. v созреть, вполне развиться9. v доводить до зрелости, до полного развития10. v тщательно обдумывать, разрабатывать11. v совершенствовать, отрабатывать; доводить до высокого уровня, совершенства12. v доводить до зрелости; выдерживать13. v вызревать, созревать, достигать нужной кондиции14. v ком. наступатьСинонимический ряд:1. adult (adj.) adult; aged; big; developed; full-blown; full-fledged; full-grown; fully-developed; grown; grown-up; maturated; matured; ripe; ripened2. experienced (adj.) experienced; grounded; knowledgeable; versed3. unpaid (adj.) due; outstanding; overdue; owing; payable; unpaid; unsettled4. grow (verb) age; culminate; develop; evolve; grow; grow up; maturate; mellow; ripen; seasonАнтонимический ряд:callow; childish; deficient; fresh; green; immature; imperfect; incomplete; inexperienced; juvenile; new; premature; puerile; raw -
72 Language
Philosophy is written in that great book, the universe, which is always open, right before our eyes. But one cannot understand this book without first learning to understand the language and to know the characters in which it is written. It is written in the language of mathematics, and the characters are triangles, circles, and other figures. Without these, one cannot understand a single word of it, and just wanders in a dark labyrinth. (Galileo, 1990, p. 232)It never happens that it [a nonhuman animal] arranges its speech in various ways in order to reply appropriately to everything that may be said in its presence, as even the lowest type of man can do. (Descartes, 1970a, p. 116)It is a very remarkable fact that there are none so depraved and stupid, without even excepting idiots, that they cannot arrange different words together, forming of them a statement by which they make known their thoughts; while, on the other hand, there is no other animal, however perfect and fortunately circumstanced it may be, which can do the same. (Descartes, 1967, p. 116)Human beings do not live in the object world alone, nor alone in the world of social activity as ordinarily understood, but are very much at the mercy of the particular language which has become the medium of expression for their society. It is quite an illusion to imagine that one adjusts to reality essentially without the use of language and that language is merely an incidental means of solving specific problems of communication or reflection. The fact of the matter is that the "real world" is to a large extent unconsciously built on the language habits of the group.... We see and hear and otherwise experience very largely as we do because the language habits of our community predispose certain choices of interpretation. (Sapir, 1921, p. 75)It powerfully conditions all our thinking about social problems and processes.... No two languages are ever sufficiently similar to be considered as representing the same social reality. The worlds in which different societies live are distinct worlds, not merely the same worlds with different labels attached. (Sapir, 1985, p. 162)[A list of language games, not meant to be exhaustive:]Giving orders, and obeying them- Describing the appearance of an object, or giving its measurements- Constructing an object from a description (a drawing)Reporting an eventSpeculating about an eventForming and testing a hypothesisPresenting the results of an experiment in tables and diagramsMaking up a story; and reading itPlay actingSinging catchesGuessing riddlesMaking a joke; and telling itSolving a problem in practical arithmeticTranslating from one language into anotherLANGUAGE Asking, thanking, cursing, greeting, and praying-. (Wittgenstein, 1953, Pt. I, No. 23, pp. 11 e-12 e)We dissect nature along lines laid down by our native languages.... The world is presented in a kaleidoscopic flux of impressions which has to be organized by our minds-and this means largely by the linguistic systems in our minds.... No individual is free to describe nature with absolute impartiality but is constrained to certain modes of interpretation even while he thinks himself most free. (Whorf, 1956, pp. 153, 213-214)We dissect nature along the lines laid down by our native languages.The categories and types that we isolate from the world of phenomena we do not find there because they stare every observer in the face; on the contrary, the world is presented in a kaleidoscopic flux of impressions which has to be organized by our minds-and this means largely by the linguistic systems in our minds.... We are thus introduced to a new principle of relativity, which holds that all observers are not led by the same physical evidence to the same picture of the universe, unless their linguistic backgrounds are similar or can in some way be calibrated. (Whorf, 1956, pp. 213-214)9) The Forms of a Person's Thoughts Are Controlled by Unperceived Patterns of His Own LanguageThe forms of a person's thoughts are controlled by inexorable laws of pattern of which he is unconscious. These patterns are the unperceived intricate systematizations of his own language-shown readily enough by a candid comparison and contrast with other languages, especially those of a different linguistic family. (Whorf, 1956, p. 252)It has come to be commonly held that many utterances which look like statements are either not intended at all, or only intended in part, to record or impart straightforward information about the facts.... Many traditional philosophical perplexities have arisen through a mistake-the mistake of taking as straightforward statements of fact utterances which are either (in interesting non-grammatical ways) nonsensical or else intended as something quite different. (Austin, 1962, pp. 2-3)In general, one might define a complex of semantic components connected by logical constants as a concept. The dictionary of a language is then a system of concepts in which a phonological form and certain syntactic and morphological characteristics are assigned to each concept. This system of concepts is structured by several types of relations. It is supplemented, furthermore, by redundancy or implicational rules..., representing general properties of the whole system of concepts.... At least a relevant part of these general rules is not bound to particular languages, but represents presumably universal structures of natural languages. They are not learned, but are rather a part of the human ability to acquire an arbitrary natural language. (Bierwisch, 1970, pp. 171-172)In studying the evolution of mind, we cannot guess to what extent there are physically possible alternatives to, say, transformational generative grammar, for an organism meeting certain other physical conditions characteristic of humans. Conceivably, there are none-or very few-in which case talk about evolution of the language capacity is beside the point. (Chomsky, 1972, p. 98)[It is] truth value rather than syntactic well-formedness that chiefly governs explicit verbal reinforcement by parents-which renders mildly paradoxical the fact that the usual product of such a training schedule is an adult whose speech is highly grammatical but not notably truthful. (R. O. Brown, 1973, p. 330)he conceptual base is responsible for formally representing the concepts underlying an utterance.... A given word in a language may or may not have one or more concepts underlying it.... On the sentential level, the utterances of a given language are encoded within a syntactic structure of that language. The basic construction of the sentential level is the sentence.The next highest level... is the conceptual level. We call the basic construction of this level the conceptualization. A conceptualization consists of concepts and certain relations among those concepts. We can consider that both levels exist at the same point in time and that for any unit on one level, some corresponding realizate exists on the other level. This realizate may be null or extremely complex.... Conceptualizations may relate to other conceptualizations by nesting or other specified relationships. (Schank, 1973, pp. 191-192)The mathematics of multi-dimensional interactive spaces and lattices, the projection of "computer behavior" on to possible models of cerebral functions, the theoretical and mechanical investigation of artificial intelligence, are producing a stream of sophisticated, often suggestive ideas.But it is, I believe, fair to say that nothing put forward until now in either theoretic design or mechanical mimicry comes even remotely in reach of the most rudimentary linguistic realities. (Steiner, 1975, p. 284)The step from the simple tool to the master tool, a tool to make tools (what we would now call a machine tool), seems to me indeed to parallel the final step to human language, which I call reconstitution. It expresses in a practical and social context the same understanding of hierarchy, and shows the same analysis by function as a basis for synthesis. (Bronowski, 1977, pp. 127-128)t is the language donn eґ in which we conduct our lives.... We have no other. And the danger is that formal linguistic models, in their loosely argued analogy with the axiomatic structure of the mathematical sciences, may block perception.... It is quite conceivable that, in language, continuous induction from simple, elemental units to more complex, realistic forms is not justified. The extent and formal "undecidability" of context-and every linguistic particle above the level of the phoneme is context-bound-may make it impossible, except in the most abstract, meta-linguistic sense, to pass from "pro-verbs," "kernals," or "deep deep structures" to actual speech. (Steiner, 1975, pp. 111-113)A higher-level formal language is an abstract machine. (Weizenbaum, 1976, p. 113)Jakobson sees metaphor and metonymy as the characteristic modes of binarily opposed polarities which between them underpin the two-fold process of selection and combination by which linguistic signs are formed.... Thus messages are constructed, as Saussure said, by a combination of a "horizontal" movement, which combines words together, and a "vertical" movement, which selects the particular words from the available inventory or "inner storehouse" of the language. The combinative (or syntagmatic) process manifests itself in contiguity (one word being placed next to another) and its mode is metonymic. The selective (or associative) process manifests itself in similarity (one word or concept being "like" another) and its mode is metaphoric. The "opposition" of metaphor and metonymy therefore may be said to represent in effect the essence of the total opposition between the synchronic mode of language (its immediate, coexistent, "vertical" relationships) and its diachronic mode (its sequential, successive, lineal progressive relationships). (Hawkes, 1977, pp. 77-78)It is striking that the layered structure that man has given to language constantly reappears in his analyses of nature. (Bronowski, 1977, p. 121)First, [an ideal intertheoretic reduction] provides us with a set of rules"correspondence rules" or "bridge laws," as the standard vernacular has it-which effect a mapping of the terms of the old theory (T o) onto a subset of the expressions of the new or reducing theory (T n). These rules guide the application of those selected expressions of T n in the following way: we are free to make singular applications of their correspondencerule doppelgangers in T o....Second, and equally important, a successful reduction ideally has the outcome that, under the term mapping effected by the correspondence rules, the central principles of T o (those of semantic and systematic importance) are mapped onto general sentences of T n that are theorems of Tn. (P. Churchland, 1979, p. 81)If non-linguistic factors must be included in grammar: beliefs, attitudes, etc. [this would] amount to a rejection of the initial idealization of language as an object of study. A priori such a move cannot be ruled out, but it must be empirically motivated. If it proves to be correct, I would conclude that language is a chaos that is not worth studying.... Note that the question is not whether beliefs or attitudes, and so on, play a role in linguistic behavior and linguistic judgments... [but rather] whether distinct cognitive structures can be identified, which interact in the real use of language and linguistic judgments, the grammatical system being one of these. (Chomsky, 1979, pp. 140, 152-153)23) Language Is Inevitably Influenced by Specific Contexts of Human InteractionLanguage cannot be studied in isolation from the investigation of "rationality." It cannot afford to neglect our everyday assumptions concerning the total behavior of a reasonable person.... An integrational linguistics must recognize that human beings inhabit a communicational space which is not neatly compartmentalized into language and nonlanguage.... It renounces in advance the possibility of setting up systems of forms and meanings which will "account for" a central core of linguistic behavior irrespective of the situation and communicational purposes involved. (Harris, 1981, p. 165)By innate [linguistic knowledge], Chomsky simply means "genetically programmed." He does not literally think that children are born with language in their heads ready to be spoken. He merely claims that a "blueprint is there, which is brought into use when the child reaches a certain point in her general development. With the help of this blueprint, she analyzes the language she hears around her more readily than she would if she were totally unprepared for the strange gabbling sounds which emerge from human mouths. (Aitchison, 1987, p. 31)Looking at ourselves from the computer viewpoint, we cannot avoid seeing that natural language is our most important "programming language." This means that a vast portion of our knowledge and activity is, for us, best communicated and understood in our natural language.... One could say that natural language was our first great original artifact and, since, as we increasingly realize, languages are machines, so natural language, with our brains to run it, was our primal invention of the universal computer. One could say this except for the sneaking suspicion that language isn't something we invented but something we became, not something we constructed but something in which we created, and recreated, ourselves. (Leiber, 1991, p. 8)Historical dictionary of quotations in cognitive science > Language
-
73 nacimiento
m.1 birth.de nacimiento from birth2 source.3 origin, beginning (origen).4 Nativity scene.5 top part of river, head.* * *1 birth2 (de río) source3 figurado origin, beginning4 (pesebre) crib, Nativity scene\de nacimiento from birth■ éste es tonto de nacimiento what a stupid idiot!* * *noun m.1) birth2) source* * *SM1) [gen] birth; (Orn etc) hatchingde nacimiento: ciego de nacimiento — blind from birth, born blind
este defecto lo tiene de nacimiento — he has had this defect since birth, he was born with this defect
2) (=estirpe) birth, familyde nacimiento noble — of noble birth, of noble family
3) (=manantial) spring, source4) [del pelo] roots pl5) (=origen) [de nación] birth; [de amistad] beginning, startel partido tuvo su nacimiento en... — the party had its origins in...
6) (Arte, Rel) nativity (scene)* * *1)a) (de niño, animal) birthb) ( de aves) hatching2)a) ( origen) birthaquél fue el nacimiento de una amistad duradera — that was the start o beginning of a lasting friendship
b) (liter) (iniciación, despertar)c) ( cuna) birthde nacimiento noble — of noble birth o origins
3)a) ( de río) sourceb) ( del pelo) hairline4) ( belén) crib* * *= birth, rise, spring, nativity, hatching.Nota: Referido a animales.Ex. Typically, the additions to the name will fall within the following categories: title of nobility, title of honour, address, date of birth, and date of death.Ex. The rise of documentation in this country takes a rather different turn, due largely to the development of fine grain photographic emulsions and the miniature camera using a film with an acetate, non-explosive, base.Ex. They bought a book which is an 1875 edition of the travel guide Faxon's illustrated hand-book of summer travel to the lakes, springs and mountains of New England.Ex. Pilgrims journeyed to the cathedral to view the Veil of the Virgin, a strip of cloth believed to have been worn by the Virgin Mary at the Nativity of Christ.Ex. In the first two days after hatching, chicks coming from eggs incubated in the light prevalently slept with their right eye open.----* acta de nacimiento = birth certificate.* certificado de nacimiento = birth certificate.* con el nacimiento de = at the dawn of.* contribuir al nacimiento de = lead to + the birth of.* defecto de nacimiento = birth defect.* de nacimiento = from birth, innately, inborn, native-born.* derecho de nacimiento = birthright.* fecha de nacimiento = birth date, date of birth.* lugar de nacimiento = birthplace, place of birth.* madre de nacimiento = birth mother.* madre o padre de nacimiento = birth parent.* nacimiento del pelo = hairline.* nacimiento de polluelos = chick hatching.* nacimiento precoz = prematurity.* nombre de nacimiento = née.* padre de nacimiento = birth father.* peso de nacimiento = birthweight.* * *1)a) (de niño, animal) birthb) ( de aves) hatching2)a) ( origen) birthaquél fue el nacimiento de una amistad duradera — that was the start o beginning of a lasting friendship
b) (liter) (iniciación, despertar)c) ( cuna) birthde nacimiento noble — of noble birth o origins
3)a) ( de río) sourceb) ( del pelo) hairline4) ( belén) crib* * *= birth, rise, spring, nativity, hatching.Nota: Referido a animales.Ex: Typically, the additions to the name will fall within the following categories: title of nobility, title of honour, address, date of birth, and date of death.
Ex: The rise of documentation in this country takes a rather different turn, due largely to the development of fine grain photographic emulsions and the miniature camera using a film with an acetate, non-explosive, base.Ex: They bought a book which is an 1875 edition of the travel guide Faxon's illustrated hand-book of summer travel to the lakes, springs and mountains of New England.Ex: Pilgrims journeyed to the cathedral to view the Veil of the Virgin, a strip of cloth believed to have been worn by the Virgin Mary at the Nativity of Christ.Ex: In the first two days after hatching, chicks coming from eggs incubated in the light prevalently slept with their right eye open.* acta de nacimiento = birth certificate.* certificado de nacimiento = birth certificate.* con el nacimiento de = at the dawn of.* contribuir al nacimiento de = lead to + the birth of.* defecto de nacimiento = birth defect.* de nacimiento = from birth, innately, inborn, native-born.* derecho de nacimiento = birthright.* fecha de nacimiento = birth date, date of birth.* lugar de nacimiento = birthplace, place of birth.* madre de nacimiento = birth mother.* madre o padre de nacimiento = birth parent.* nacimiento del pelo = hairline.* nacimiento de polluelos = chick hatching.* nacimiento precoz = prematurity.* nombre de nacimiento = née.* padre de nacimiento = birth father.* peso de nacimiento = birthweight.* * *A1 (de un niño) birth; (de mamíferos) birthlos niños presenciaron el nacimiento de los gatitos the children watched the kittens being bornes argentino de nacimiento he's Argentinian by birthes sorda de nacimiento she was born deaf, she's been deaf since birth2 (de aves) hatchingB1 (origen, principio) birthaquél fue el nacimiento de una duradera amistad that was the start o beginning of a lasting friendship2 ( liter) (iniciación, despertar) nacimiento A algo:su nacimiento al amor his first experience of love, his awakening to lovesu nacimiento a la vida de adulto her initiation into adult lifemi nacimiento a las artes my introduction to the arts3 (cuna) birthde nacimiento noble/humilde of noble/humble birth o originsC1 (de un río) source2 (del pelo) hairlineD (belén) crib* * *
nacimiento sustantivo masculino
1 (de niño, animal) birth;
es sorda de nacimiento she was born deaf
2 (de idea, movimiento) birth;◊ el nacimiento de una amistad duradera the start o beginning of a lasting friendship
3 ( belén) crib
nacimiento sustantivo masculino
1 birth: es mudo de nacimiento, he's been mute since birth
fecha de nacimiento, date of birth
2 (inicio, origen) origin, beginning
3 (de un río, manantial) source
4 (belén) Nativity scene, crib
' nacimiento' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
antojo
- capricho
- ciega
- ciego
- espectáculo
- partida
- registrar
- acta
- cuna
- inscripción
- lugar
- mudo
- natividad
- ser
- sordo
English:
birth
- birth certificate
- birthmark
- birthplace
- date
- ford
- hairline
- homeland
- mean
- place
- register
- rise
- rising
- source
- crib
- hair
- shower
* * *nacimiento nm1. [de niño, animal] birth;de nacimiento from birth;ser ciego de nacimiento to be born blind;por nacimiento by birth2. [de ave, reptil] hatching3. [de planta] sprouting4. [de pelo] hairline5. [de río] source6. [origen] [de amistad] start, beginning;[de costumbre] origin7. [belén] Nativity scene* * *m1 birth;es ciego de nacimiento he was born blind2 de Navidad crèche, nativity scene* * *nacimiento nm1) : birth2) : source (of a river)3) : beginning, origin4) belén: Nativity scene, crêche* * *nacimiento n birth -
74 bibliotecario
adj.library.m.librarian.* * *► nombre masculino,nombre femenino1 librarian* * *(f. - bibliotecaria)noun* * *bibliotecario, -a1.ADJ library antes de s2.SM / F librarian* * *- ria masculino, femenino librarian* * *- ria masculino, femenino librarian* * *bibliotecario11 = librarian, male librarian, practising librarian, professional librarian.Ex: In particular we are concerned with those techniques which are of interest to librarians and information workers.
Ex: To the general public 'the female librarian is still angular, elderly, acidulous and terrifying', to use Geoffrey Langley's words, 'and a male librarian is impossible under any hypothesis'.Ex: He asked for a discussion of the practical problems which face practicing librarians and media specialists and urged me to state my opinion on all matters.Ex: The author discusses the practical personnel problems facing junior and middle grade professional librarians = El autor analiza los problemas prácticos de personal a los que se enfrentan los bibliotecarios de grado medio y básico.* actuar en defensa de los intereses de las bibliotecas y bibl = library advocacy.* AIBDA (Asociación Interamericana de Bibliotecarios y Documentalistas de Agri = AIBDA (Inter-American Association of Agricultural Librarians and Information Specialists).* ALA (Asociación Americana de Bibliotecarios) = ALA (American Library Association).* Asociación Australiana de Bibliotecarios y Documentalistas (ALIA) = Australian Library and Information Association (ALIA).* asociación de bibliotecarios = library association.* Asociación de Bibliotecarios de Medicina = Medical Library Association (MLA).* Asociación de Bibliotecarios Suizos = Vereinigung Schweizerischer Bibliothekare.* Asociación de Bibliotecarios y Documentalistas de Suráfrica (LIASA) = Library and Information Association of South Africa (LIASA).* biblioteca con un solo bibliotecario = one person library.* bibliotecario académico = academic librarian.* bibliotecario cibernético = cyberlibrarian, cybrarian.* bibliotecario colegiado = chartered librarian.* bibliotecario con conocimientos de medicina = informationist.* bibliotecario de biblioteca de derecho = law librarian.* bibliotecario de biblioteca de agricultura = agricultural librarian.* bibliotecario de biblioteca de arte = art librarian.* bibliotecario de biblioteca de barrio = district librarian.* bibliotecario de biblioteca de hospital = hospital librarian.* bibliotecario de biblioteca especializada = special librarian.* bibliotecario de biblioteca móvil = mobile librarian.* bibliotecario de biblioteca pública = public librarian.* bibliotecario de biblioteca sucursal = branch librarian.* bibliotecario de biomedicina = health-care librarian.* bibliotecario de ciencias de la salud = health librarian.* bibliotecario de conservación = preservation librarian.* bibliotecario de empresa = industrial librarian.* bibliotecario de hemeroteca = serials librarian.* bibliotecario de las ciencias de la salud = health sciences librarian.* bibliotecario de medicina = medical librarian.* bibliotecario de medios audiovisuales = library media specialist.* bibliotecario de préstamo = lending librarian.* bibliotecario de préstamos = borrowing librarian.* bibliotecario de prisiones = prison librarian.* bibliotecario de referencia = reference librarian, research librarian.* bibliotecario de servicios técnicos = technical services librarian.* bibliotecario de sistemas = systems librarian.* bibliotecario de universidad = academic librarian, university librarian.* bibliotecario digital = digitarian, digital librarian.* bibliotecario encargado de colecciones especializadas = special collections librarian.* bibliotecario encargado de la sección juvenil = young adult librarian.* bibliotecario encargado de la automatización = systems librarian, library systems analyst.* bibliotecario encargado de la colección de mapas = map librarian.* bibliotecario encargado de las cuestiones digitales = digital librarian.* bibliotecario encargado de las adquisiciones = acquisitions librarian.* bibliotecario encargado de las diapositivas = slide librarian.* bibliotecario encargado de la sección infantil = children's librarian, children's librarian.* bibliotecario encargado del desarrollo de la colección = collections librarian.* bibliotecario encargado de libros raros = rare book libarian.* bibliotecario encargado de los servicios dirigidos a la comunidad = community services librarian.* bibliotecario en servicios mínimos = duty librarian.* bibliotecario en solitario = solo librarian.* bibliotecario escolar = school librarian.* bibliotecario especializado en material audiovisual = audiovisual librarian.* bibliotecario encargado de la formación de usuarios = instruction librarian.* bibliotecario integrado = embedded librarian.* bibliotecario itinerante = circuit librarian, circuit rider librarian, circuit rider.* bibliotecario municipal = city librarian.* bibliotecario que no se dedica a la catalogación = non-cataloguer.* bibliotecario recién diplomado = newly graduated librarian.* bibliotecario referencista = reference librarian.* bibliotecario universitario = university librarian.* comunidad de bibliotecarios y documentalistas, la = library and information community, the.* defensa de los intereses de las bibliotecas y bibliotecarios = library advocacy.* IFLA (Federación Internacional de Asociaciones de Bibliotecarios y Bibliotec = IFLA (International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions).* LA (Asociación de Bibliotecarios del Reino Unido) = LA (Library Association).* profesión de bibliotecario = library profession.* profesión de bibliotecario y de documentalista, la = library and information services profession, the.* profesión del bibliotecario y documentalista, la = library and information profession, the.* profesiones de bibliotecario y de documentalista, las = information professions, the.* profesor-bibliotecario = teacher-librarian.* puesto de bibliotecario = library staff post.* trayectoria profesional como bibliotecario = library career.bibliotecario22 = bibliothecal.Ex: That is a kind of, I would submit, bibliothecal arrogance on our part, a kind of intellectual elitism, if you will.
* complejo bibliotecario = library complex.* comunidad bibliotecaria, la = library community, the, librarianship community, the.* cooperativa bibliotecaria en Escocia = SCOLCAP.* educación bibliotecaria = library education.* enseñanza bibliotecaria = library education.* extensión bibliotecaria = library outreach.* mercado bibliotecario, el = library market, the.* no bibliotecario = non-librarian.* personal de apoyo bibliotecario = library support staff.* prensa bibliotecaria, la = library press, the.* sector bibliotecario = library sector.* servicio bibliotecario mediante pago = fee-based library service.* servicio de extensión bibliotecaria = reach out.* servicios bibliotecarios para jóvenes = youth services.* servicios bibliotecarios para los sordos = library services for the deaf.* sistema bibliotecario de bibliotecas de un sólo tipo = single-type library system.* sistema bibliotecario de bibliotecas de varios tipos = multitype library system.* * *masculine, femininelibrarian* * *
bibliotecario◊ - ria sustantivo masculino, femenino
librarian
bibliotecario,-a sustantivo masculino y femenino librarian
' bibliotecario' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
bibliotecaria
English:
librarian
* * *bibliotecario, -a nm,flibrarian* * *m, bibliotecaria f librarian* * *bibliotecario, - ria n: librarian* * *bibliotecario n librarian -
75 personal
adj.personal.una opinión/pregunta personal a personal opinion/questionpersonal e intransferible non-transferablef.personal foul.m.staff, personnel (trabajadores).personal docente teaching staffpersonal mínimo skeleton staffpersonal en plantilla in-house staffpersonal sanitario health workerspersonal de tierra ground crew* * *► adjetivo1 personal1 (de una empresa) personnel, staff\personal docente teaching staff* * *1. adj. 2. noun m.staff, personnel* * *1.ADJ personal2. SM1) (=plantilla) staff, personnel; ( esp Mil) force; (Náut) crew, complementestar falto de personal — to be shorthanded o shortstaffed
personal de cabina — cabin staff o crew
personal de tierra — (Aer) ground crew, ground staff
2) * (=gente) people3.SF (Baloncesto) personal foul* * *Iadjetivo personalIIa) (de fábrica, empresa) personnel (pl), staff (sing or pl)b) (Esp fam & hum) ( gente) people* * *Iadjetivo personalIIa) (de fábrica, empresa) personnel (pl), staff (sing or pl)b) (Esp fam & hum) ( gente) people* * *personal11 = manpower, manpower force, personnel, staff, staffing, work-force [workforce], crew.Ex: The question has been raised as to the manpower required to produce the ever-increasing number of abstracts.
Ex: This article focusses attention on formulating plans and policy for building up a manpower force for modernising library and information systems India within the next 5 years.Ex: Application areas include: personnel records, mailing lists, accident and incident records, clinical and health records, committee minutes and records, and so on.Ex: The current LC MARC data base contains both records created by the LC staff and those created by co-operating libraries and verified by the LC.Ex: During the discussions it became apparent that the most pressing issues of staffing, resources, procedural complexities and educational opportunities related to IT.Ex: Employers of library and information staff have to develop and maintain skills within the workforce.Ex: Phillips has 12 installations with a crew of 15-450 men.* actitud del personal = staff attitude.* administración de personal = personnel administration.* ahorro de personal = staff saving.* apoyo del personal = staff support.* asignar personal = commit + manpower.* bien dotado de personal = well-staffed.* costes de personal = staff costs.* dedicación del personal = staff hours.* desarrollo profesional del personal = staff development.* dotación de personal = staffing.* encargado de personal = personnel officer, welfare officer.* evaluación del personal = personnel evaluation.* exceso de personal administrativo = administrative bloat.* falta de personal = undermanning.* falto de personal = understaffed [under-staffed].* formación continua del personal = staff development.* formación del personal = staff training, professional development.* formar personal = produce + personnel.* funciones del personal = staff duties.* gastos en personal = staff costs.* gestión de personal = personnel management.* jefe de personal = personnel officer, welfare officer, staff manager.* jefe de personal de la biblioteca = library personnel officer.* miembro del personal = staff member, staffer.* movimiento de personal = staff turnover, turnover, labour turnover.* número y distribución de personal = staffing conditions.* personal administrativo = administrative staff.* personal administrativo de apoyo = clerical staff, clerical worker, clerical personnel.* personal auxiliar = clerical staff.* personal bibliotecario = library personnel, library staff, library worker.* personal civil = civilian staff.* personal cualificado = qualified staff, qualified personnel.* personal de ambulancia = ambulance crew.* personal de apoyo = paraprofessional staff, support staff.* personal de apoyo bibliotecario = library support staff.* personal de cabina = cabin crew.* personal de dirección = senior staff, senior management.* personal de la biblioteca = library staff, library worker.* personal del mostrador = counter staff.* personal del mostrador de préstamo = counter staff.* personal de mantenimiento = service worker.* personal de proceso de datos = operation staff.* personal de recepción = reception staff.* personal de referencia = reference staff, reference personnel.* personal de secretaría = secretarial staff.* personal de seguridad = security staff.* personal de servicios = service worker.* personal de un centro multimedia escolar = school media staff.* personal de vuelo = flight crew.* personal equivalente a tiempo completo = full-time equivalent staff (FTE staff).* personal joven = new blood.* personal más nuevo = junior staff.* personal militar = military personnel.* personal necesario = staffing levels.* personal paraprofesional = paraprofessional staff.* personal profesional = professional staff.* personal sanitario = clinical staff.* personal técnico = technical staff.* personal técnico de apoyo = support staff.* política de personal = personnel policy, staff policy.* puesta al día del personal = staff development.* que necesita bastante dedicación de personal = labour-intensive [labour intensive], staff-intensive [staff intensive].* razones del movimiento de personal = turnover behaviour.* recorte de personal = downsizing, staffing cut.* reducción de personal = staff cutbacks, downsizing.* registro de personal = personnel record.* renovación de personal = turnover, labour turnover.* responsable del personal de la biblioteca = library personnel officer.* reunión de personal = staff meeting.* ritmo de movimiento de personal = turnover rate.* sala de estar para el personal = coffee lounge.* sala de personal = staff lounge.* sección de personal = personnel department, personnel office.* selección de personal = personnel recruitment.* sólo para personal autorizado = restricted access.* tareas del personal = staff duties.* tasa de movimiento de personal = turnover rate, turnover rate.* turnos del personal = staffing rota.* vacante de personal = staff vacancy.personal2= one-to-one, personal, private, intimate, one-on-one.Ex: A few large libraries contain an adult learning centre, which provides training courses for volunteer tutors, one-to-one tutoring or instruction in small groups.
Ex: Cards will remain useful for small local and personal indexes but other options, in the form of microcomputers and their software are beginning to compete in this application.Ex: SWALCAP supports a network arrangement of remote terminals and minicomputers linked to the central computer via private lines.Ex: Until we feel as librarians that we are an intimate part of society, we will never begin to believe that we really function.Ex: The one-on-one training pattern predominates and is effective at this institution where education in the singular is stressed.* actitud personal = personal attitude.* a favor de la decisión personal sobre el aborto = pro-choice.* alarma personal = rape alarm, personal alarm.* anuncio personal = personal ad.* aprovechamiento personal = personal gain.* archivo personal = private archives, personal archive(s), personal records.* armadura personal = body armour.* artículo personal = personal item.* asunto personal = personal issue.* atención personal = personal attention.* atención personal al cliente = personal selling.* a título personal = in a personal capacity, in a private capacity.* atracción personal = personal attraction.* autoría personal = personal authorship.* autor personal = personal author.* autor personal único = single personal authorship.* beneficio personal = personal gain.* biblioteca personal = personal library.* bienes personales = personal property.* blindaje personal = body armour.* característica personal = personality trait, personality characteristic.* carta personal = personal letter.* cheque personal = personal cheque.* comentario personal = personal note.* comentario personal de una lectura = reading-reportage.* compromiso personal = personal engagement, personal investment.* contacto personal = personal contact, public contact.* contratación de personal cualificado de otras empresas = lateral hiring.* convicción personal = personal conviction.* cualidades personales = personal qualities.* cuestión personal = personal issue, life issue.* datos personales = personal details.* dinero para gastos personales = pocket change, pocket money.* documentos personales = personal papers.* economía personal = personal finance.* efectos personales = personal belongings.* ego personal = personal ego.* encabezamiento de nombre personal = personal name heading.* enriquecimiento personal = personal enrichment.* entrada de nombre personal = personal name entry.* entrevista personal = personal interview.* espacio personal = personal space, territorial space, personal space territory.* estilo personal = persona [personae, -pl.].* expediente personal = personal records.* experiencia personal = personal experience.* gestión de archivos personales = personal archives management, personal records management.* gusto personal = personal taste, personal preference.* hábito personal = personal habit.* hacer uso personal = make + personal use.* higiene personal = personal hygiene.* historia personal = personal history.* índice de rendimiento personal = individual performance index.* información personal = personal information.* interés personal = vested interest, personal interest.* interpersonal = person-to-person.* intimidad personal = personal privacy.* invasión del espacio personal = invasion of space.* libertad personal = personal freedom.* logro personal = a feather in + Posesivo + cap, personal achievement.* marca personal = personal record.* miembro personal = personal member.* nombre personal = personal name.* norma personal = personal norm.* opinión personal = personal opinion.* ordenador personal (PC) = personal computer (PC).* para uso personal = for personal use.* perder un objeto personal = lose + property.* personal investigador = research staff.* PIN (número de identificación personal) = PIN (personal identification number).* por razones personales = for personal reasons.* preferencia personal = personal preference.* problema personal = personal problem.* razones personales = personal reasons.* realización personal = personal fulfilment.* récord personal = personal record.* responsabilidad personal = personal responsibility.* satisfacción personal = personal satisfaction.* seguridad personal = personal safety.* sello personal = fingerprint [finger-print].* sicología personal = personal psychology.* sistema de valores personales = personal value system.* tecnología del ordenador personal = personal computer technology.* tener un interés muy personal en = hold + a stake in, have + a stake in.* territorio personal = personal space territory.* toque personal = personal touch.* triunfo personal = a feather in + Posesivo + cap.* uso personal = personal use.* vida personal = personal life.* voluntad personal = personal will.* * *‹asunto/documento/pregunta› personal; ‹opinión/juicio› personalobjetos de uso personal personal effectsuna alusión personal a personal remarkestá basado en su experiencia personal it is based on (his own) personal experienceno tiene ningún interés personal en el asunto he has no personal interest in the matterestamos escasos de personal we're short-staffedintentan aumentar la producción con el mismo personal they are trying to increase production with the same number of staff o with the same workforce¡cuánto personal hay en la calle! what a lot of people there are in the street!saca unas copas para el personal get some glasses out for everyone o for peopleCompuestos:cabin staff o crew( Arg) staff ( of a building)ground crew o staffflight crew* * *
personal adjetivo
personal;
■ sustantivo masculino (de fábrica, empresa) personnel (pl), staff ( sing or pl);
estamos escasos de personal we're short-staffed
personal
I adjetivo personal
una carta personal, a private letter
II sustantivo masculino (trabajadores) staff, personnel
' personal' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
consignar
- contingente
- dato
- efecto
- escala
- interés
- jefa
- jefe
- lavandería
- llave
- objeto
- particular
- pasar
- placa
- plana
- plano
- presente
- primar
- privada
- privado
- abandonar
- ampliación
- ampliar
- aseo
- auxiliar
- bien
- citar
- computadora
- consultorio
- coqueto
- defensa
- dejadez
- dejado
- despedir
- diario
- falta
- historial
- insuficiencia
- intimidad
- número
- palacio
- patrimonio
- PC
- planilla
- plantilla
- reducción
- tarjeta
- uno
English:
accustom
- achievement
- agree
- appreciate
- averse
- balloon
- battle
- cleanliness
- computer
- dear
- decision
- decision making
- delay
- despite
- diary
- dodge
- employ
- excuse
- exploit
- first-hand
- gap
- heart-to-heart
- love
- maintenance staff
- mate
- myself
- neglect
- office staff
- PA
- pc
- personal
- personal best
- personal computer
- personal pronoun
- personally
- personnel
- personnel department
- personnel management
- private
- private income
- put off
- referee
- self-improvement
- self-interest
- short-staffed
- staff
- staff meeting
- staff training
- staffing
- strength
* * *♦ adj[privado, íntimo] personal;una opinión/pregunta personal a personal opinion/question;mi teléfono personal es… my home o private number is…;para uso personal for personal use;personal e intransferible non-transferable♦ nm1. [trabajadores] staff, personnelpersonal administrativo administrative staff;personal de cabina cabin staff o crew;personal docente teaching staff;personal de oficina office staff;personal de planta staff;personal de tierra ground staff o crew;personal de ventas sales force o teamel personal quería ir al cine the gang wanted to go to the cinema♦ nf[en baloncesto] personal foul* * *I adj personalII m1 personnel, staff;personal docente teaching staff2 en baloncesto personal foul* * *personal adj: personal♦ personalmente advpersonal nm: personnel, staff* * *personal1 adj personal / privatepersonal2 n staff -
76 vir
vir virī, gen plur. virōrum (poet. also virūm, Ct., V., O.), m a male person, adult male, man (opp. mulier, femina): virum me natum vellem, T.: Deque viro factus (mirabile!) femina, O.: clari viri: consularis: turpissimus, S.: nefandus, V.: hoc pueri possunt, viri non potuerunt?: pueroque viroque, O.—In war, a man, soldier: vir unus cum viro congrediendo, etc., L.—With emphasis for a pronoun of reference: fletusque et conploratio fregere tandem virum, L.: gratiā viri permotus flexit animum, S.—Repeated distributively, each one... another, man... man: vir cum viro congrediaris, L.: legitque virum vir, singled out (for attack), V.: cum vir virum legisset, i. e. a companion in battle, L.— Plur, human beings: flumina simul pecudesque virosque rapiunt, O.; opp. Caelicolae, V.—A man, husband: quid viro meo respondebo Misera? T.: vir matris: angebatur Tullia nihil materiae in viro esse, etc., L.: Et uxor et vir, H.: Imminet exitio vir coniugis, O.—Of animals, the male, mate: Vir gregis ipse caper, V. —A man, man of courage, worthy man: tulit dolorem, ut vir; et, ut homo, etc.: tum viro et gubernatore opus est, L.: si quid in Flacco viri est, Non feret, H.— Plur, foot-soldiers, infantry: ripam equites virique obtinentes, L.—Manhood, virility: membra sine viro, Ct.* * *man; husband; hero; person of courage, honor, and nobility -
77 ♦ (to) become
♦ (to) become /bɪˈkʌm/A v. i.1 (seguito da sost.) diventare; divenire: to become an adult, diventare adulto; to become king, diventare re2 (seguito da agg.) diventare; divenire; farsi (ma spesso vi corrisponde un verbo specifico): to become old, diventare vecchio; invecchiare; to become angry, arrabbiarsi; to become cloudy, rannuvolarsi; to become fat, diventare grasso; ingrassare; to become rich, diventare ricco; arricchire; It has become much colder, si è fatto molto più freddo3 (in frasi interr. e dubit.) – to become of, succedere a; esserne di: What has become of the old playground?, che ne è del vecchio campo da giochi?; Whatever became of that French colleague of yours?, che fine ha fatto quel tuo collega francese?; I wonder what'll become of her now, chissà che ne sarà di lei oraB v. t. (form.)1 addirsi; convenirsi; confarsi a: Such words do not become a person in his position, parole simili non si addicono a una persona nella sua posizione● (leg.) to become applicable, entrare in vigore □ (comm.) to become due, scadere □ (leg.) to become final, passare in giudicato □ to become vacant, rendersi vacante; ( di un posto di lavoro) liberarsi. -
78 ♦ (to) become
♦ (to) become /bɪˈkʌm/A v. i.1 (seguito da sost.) diventare; divenire: to become an adult, diventare adulto; to become king, diventare re2 (seguito da agg.) diventare; divenire; farsi (ma spesso vi corrisponde un verbo specifico): to become old, diventare vecchio; invecchiare; to become angry, arrabbiarsi; to become cloudy, rannuvolarsi; to become fat, diventare grasso; ingrassare; to become rich, diventare ricco; arricchire; It has become much colder, si è fatto molto più freddo3 (in frasi interr. e dubit.) – to become of, succedere a; esserne di: What has become of the old playground?, che ne è del vecchio campo da giochi?; Whatever became of that French colleague of yours?, che fine ha fatto quel tuo collega francese?; I wonder what'll become of her now, chissà che ne sarà di lei oraB v. t. (form.)1 addirsi; convenirsi; confarsi a: Such words do not become a person in his position, parole simili non si addicono a una persona nella sua posizione● (leg.) to become applicable, entrare in vigore □ (comm.) to become due, scadere □ (leg.) to become final, passare in giudicato □ to become vacant, rendersi vacante; ( di un posto di lavoro) liberarsi. -
79 E11
рус Инсулиннезависимый сахарный диабетeng Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. (Includes: ) diabetes (mellitus)(nonobese)(obese): adult-onset, maturity-onset, nonketotic, stable, type II, non-insulin-dependent diabetes of the young. (Excludes: ) diabetes mellitus (in): malnutrition-related ( E12.-), neonatal ( P70.2), pregnancy, childbirth and the puerperium ( O24.-), glycosuria: NOS ( R81), renal ( E74.8), impaired glucose tolerance ( R73.0), postsurgical hypoinsulinaemia ( E89.1) -
80 E11.0
рус С комойeng Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. (Includes: ) diabetes (mellitus)(nonobese)(obese): adult-onset, maturity-onset, nonketotic, stable, type II, non-insulin-dependent diabetes of the young. (Excludes: ) diabetes mellitus (in): malnutrition-related ( E12.-), neonatal ( P70.2), pregnancy, childbirth and the puerperium ( O24.-), glycosuria: NOS ( R81), renal ( E74.8), impaired glucose tolerance ( R73.0), postsurgical hypoinsulinaemia ( E89.1). With coma. Diabetic: coma with or without ketoacidosis, hyperosmolar coma, hypoglycaemic coma. Hyperglycaemic coma NOS
См. также в других словарях:
Adult video game — Adult video games are video games which have significant sexual content (like adult movies), and are therefore intended for an adult audience. Adult games can fall into many genres and have diverse gameplay. PC and consoleIn console gaming, the… … Wikipedia
Adult Check — Cybernet Ventures redirects here. For other uses, see Cybernet Ventures (disambiguation). Adult Check, Inc. created and hosted one of the first and largest online age verification services. The network of web sites using the Adult Check… … Wikipedia
Adult album alternative — (also triple A, AAA, or adult alternative) is a radio format broadcast mostly on FM. A spinoff from the album oriented rock format, its roots may have been established sometime during the 1960s from what was called freeform and later progressive … Wikipedia
Non-traditional student — is an American English term referring to some students at tertiary educational institutions. The National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) acknowledges there is no precise definition for non traditional student, but suggests that part time… … Wikipedia
Adult Swim — Current Adult Swim logo used as of May 25, 2003 Launched September 2, 2001 March 27, 2005 (programming block) March 28, 2005 present (cable network) Network Cartoon Network ( … Wikipedia
Adult stem cell — Adult stem cells are undifferentiated cells found throughout the body after embryonic development that divide to replenish dying cells and regenerate damaged tissues. Also known as somatic (from Greek Σωματικóς, of the body ) stem cells, they can … Wikipedia
Adult education — is also the title of a song by Hall Oates. Libraries are useful resources for adult learners. Adult education is the practice of teaching and educating adults. Adult education takes place in the workplace, through extension school (e.g. Harvard… … Wikipedia
Adult learner — (North America) or mature learner (UK) (sometimes also called adult student, returning Adult, adult returner, and student) is a term used to describe any person socially accepted as an adult who is in a learning process, whether it is formal… … Wikipedia
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma — Non Hodgkin Lymphomas Classification and external resources Micrograph of mantle cell lymphoma, a type of non Hodgkin lymphoma. Terminal ileum. H E stain … Wikipedia
Adult comics — are comic books intended for adults. They may contain material that might be considered disturbing, horrifying, obscene, profane, immoral, and even pornographic, in contrast to the traditionally considered kid friendly mainstream world of comics … Wikipedia
Non-24-hour sleep-wake syndrome — Classification and external resources ICD 10 G47.2 ICD 9 327.34 … Wikipedia