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41 solutum

solvo, solvi, solutum, 3, v. a. ( perf. soluit, trisyll., Cat. 2, 13:
soluisse,
Tib. 4, 5, 16) [for se-luo; cf. socors for se-cords], to loosen an object from any thing, to release or to loose, remove any thing which binds or restrains another.
I.
To loose an object bound, to release, set free, disengage, dissolve, take apart.
A.
In a corporeal sense.
1.
Outwardly, to release.
a.
From fetters or custody, to free, set free, release; absol.:
solvite istas,
i. e. from fetters, Plaut. Truc. 4, 3, 64:
solvite istum,
id. Mil. 5, 32:
numquam, nisi me orassis, solves,
id. Ep. 5, 2, 62:
jube solvi (eum),
Ter. And. 5, 4, 52:
ad palum adligati repente soluti sunt,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 5, § 11:
ut vincti solvantur,
id. ib. 2, 5, 6, §
12: qui in compedibus corporis semper fuerunt, etiam cum soluti sunt, tardius ingrediuntur,
id. Tusc. 1, 31, 75:
ita nexi soluti (sunt),
Liv. 8, 28, 9:
solvite me, pueri,
Verg. E. 6, 24:
fore ut brevi solveretur,
Suet. Vesp. 5; id. Tib. 65; id. Vit. 12.—With abl.:
canis solutus catena,
Phaedr. 3, 7, 20. — Transf., from the fetter of frost:
solutis amnibus (i. e. frigoris vinculo),
Stat. Th. 5, 15:
terrae quem (florem) ferunt solutae,
Hor. C. 1, 4, 10.—
b.
From reins, ties, bands, etc.: solve senescentem equum, from the rein, i. e. dismiss him from service, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 8:
solverat sol equos,
unhitched, Stat. Th. 3, 407: currum solvere (i. e. ab equis, poet. for equos a curru), Sen. Thyest. 794: solvere epistulam, i. e. from the string by which it was tied (= to open), Nep. Hann. 11, 3:
et tibi sollicita solvitur illa (epistula) manu,
Ov. Tr. 5, 2, 2:
et jacet in gremio charta soluta meo,
id. H. 11, 4:
praecepit suis ne sarcinas solverent, aut onera deponerent,
Front. Strat. 1, 5, 3.—So of garments and sails, to unfurl, unfold: cum tunica soluta inambularet, Asin. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 32, 3; Front. Strat. 4, 1, 26:
soluta toga,
Quint. 11, 3, 147:
vela solvere,
Verg. A. 4, 574.—
c.
From any fastening (mostly poet. and post-Aug. prose), to detach from; constr. absol., or with ab or de, and abl.:
Caucasia solvet de rupe Promethei bracchia,
Prop. 2, 1, 69:
fraxinus solvitur,
from the ground, Stat. Th. 9, 498:
ceciditque soluta pinus,
id. ib. 9, 409; cf.:
pinus radice soluta, deficit,
id. S. 5, 1, 152:
solutis radicibus arbusta procumbunt,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 27, 5:
accepi epistulam quam, ut scribis, ancora soluta de phaselo dedisti, i. e. a litore,
detached, Cic. Att. 1, 13, 1 B. and K. (al. sublata;
but soluta is perh. an error of Cic. in the use of a technical term, v Orell. ad loc.).—In the same sense: solvere retinacula classis,
Ov. M. 15, 696; 8, 102:
querno solvunt de stipite funem,
id. F. 4, 333:
fune soluto Currit in immensum carina,
id. Am. 2, 11, 23:
curvo solves viscera cultro (i. e. de corpore ferarum),
Sen. Hippol. 53.—Of rain disengaged from the clouds:
imber caelesti nube solutus,
Ov. A. A. 2, 237: (Lunam) imperfecta vi solvere tantum umorem, disengage only the moisture, i. e. from the earth:
cum solis radii absumant,
Plin. 2, 9, 6, § 45:
solutum a latere pugionem,
detached from his side, Suet. Vit. 15.—
d.
Esp., of ships: navem solvere, to free a ship from the land, i. e. to set sail, weigh anchor, leave land, depart.
(α).
With acc. alone:
eisce confectis navem solvimus,
Plaut. Merc. 1, 1, 91:
navim cupimus solvere,
id. Mil. 4, 7, 17:
naves solvit,
Caes. B. G. 4, 36; 5, 8; id. B. C. 1, 28; 3, 14; 3, 26;
3, 102: primis tenebris solvit navem,
Liv. 45, 6:
postero die solvere naves (jussi),
id. 29, 25 fin.; Nep. Hann. 8, 2:
classem solvere,
Liv. 45, 41; Prop. 3, 7 (4, 6), 23.—
(β).
With ab and abl.:
navis a terra solverunt,
Caes. B. C. 3, 101:
quinto inde die quam ab Corintho solverit naves,
Liv. 31, 7 med.:
solvunt a litore puppes,
Luc. 2, 649.—
(γ).
With ex and abl.:
nam noctu hac soluta est navis nostra e portu Persico,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 259:
interea e portu nostra navis solvitur,
id. Bacch. 2, 3, 54.—
(δ).
With abl.:
complures mercatores Alexandria solvisse,
Cic. Off. 3, 12, 50:
portu solventibus,
id. Mur. 2, 4.—
(ε).
Absol. (sc. navem or naves):
tertia fere vigilia solvit,
Caes. B. G. 4, 23:
nos eo die cenati solvimus,
Cic. Fam. 16, 9, 2:
altero die quam a Brundusio solvit,
Liv. 31, 14 init.:
qui inde solverant,
Val. Max. 1, 7, 3:
solvi mare languido,
Sen. Ep. 53, 1:
fortasse etiam ventis minantibus solves,
id. Ben. 2, 35, 5:
non eadem est his et illis causa solvendi,
making sea-voyages, id. Q. N. 5, 18, 16.—
(ζ).
With navis, etc., as subj., to leave the land (sc. se a litore):
naves XVIII. ex superiore portu solverunt,
Caes. B. G. 4, 28; and by another change of construction: solvimus oram, we freed the shore, i.e. from the ship, Quint. 4, 2, 41; id. Ep. ad Tryph. 3.—
(η).
Poet. usages:
de litore puppis solvit iter,
clears the voyage, Stat. S. 5, 1, 243:
nec tibi Tyrrhena solvatur funis harena,
Prop. 1, 8, 11 (cf.: retinacula solvere, c. supra).—
e.
Of secretions from the body ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):
tempore eo quo menstrua solvit,
Lucr. 6, 706:
cruor solvitur,
Stat. Th. 9, 530:
lacrimas solvere,
id. Achill. 2, 256:
solutis lacrimis,
Claud. Ruf. 2, 258; so,
partus solvere,
to bear, bring forth, be delivered of offspring, Ov. F. 3, 258; Stat. Th. 5, 461; Plin. 28, 3, 6, § 33; 32, 1, 1, § 6.—
2.
To loosen an object from that which holds it together, to break up, part, dissolve, disperse, divide, take apart, scatter.
a.
In gen.:
omne colligatum solvi potest,
Cic. Fin. 11.—
b.
Of structures ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):
solvere naves et rursus conjungere,
Curt. 8, 10, 3:
solvere quassatae parcite membra ratis,
Ov. Tr. 1, 2, 2:
dubitavit an solveret pontem,
Curt. 4, 16, 8:
solvere pontem,
Tac. A. 1, 69:
si pons solutus sit,
Dig. 2, 11, 2, § 7:
solutus pons tempestatibus,
Just. 2, 13, 9:
currum (solis) solutum,
Manil. 1, 740.—
c.
Of woven stuff:
solvens texta,
Prop. 2, 9, 6.—
d.
Of mountains:
utrimque montes solvit (Hercules),
Sen. Herc. Fur. 237:
tridente Neptunus montem solvit,
id. Agam. 553.—
e.
Of the neck:
soluta cervix silicis impulsu,
broken, Sen. Troad. 1119.—
f.
Of a comet:
momentum quo cometes solutus et in duas partes redactus est,
Sen. Q. N. 7, 16, 3.—
g.
Of the hair, to loosen, untie, let fall:
solve capillos,
Ov. Am. 3, 9, 3:
crinem,
id. A. A. 3, 784; id. M. 11, 682; 13, 584; Prop. 2, 15 (3, 7), 46:
comas casside,
Ov. F. 3, 2; cf. id. ib. 4, 854.—
h.
Of the earth (so mostly P. a., q. v. infra;
post-Aug.): ita in terrae corpore evenit ut partes ejus vetustate solvantur, solutae cadant,
Sen. Q. N. 6, 10, 2:
ubi montis latus nova ventis solvit hiems,
Stat. Th. 7, 745. —
3.
To dissolve; pass., to be dissolved, changed, to pass over into ( poet. and postclass. for dissolvere, or transire in); constr. absol., or with in and acc.
(α).
Of a change into air or gas:
calor mobiliter solvens, differt primordia vini,
dissolving, parts the molecules of the wine, Lucr. 6, 235:
nam materiai copia ferretur per inane soluta,
id. 1, 1018; so id. 1, 1103:
ita fatus in aera rursus solvitur,
Stat. Th. 5, 285;
nec in aera solvi Passa, recentem animam caelestibus intulit astris,
Ov. M. 15, 845.—
(β).
Into a liquid, to melt:
saepe terra in tabem solvitur,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 15, 7:
terram quam diximus esse mutabilem et solvi in umorem,
id. ib. 3, 29, 4:
nullum tellus se solvit in amnem,
Luc. 2, 408; ipsum in conubia terrae Aethera, cum pluviis rarescunt nubila, solvo, dissolve into the embrace of the earth, i. e. change into rain, Stat. S. 1, 2, 186:
ex Aethiopiae jugis solutas nives ad Nilum decurrere,
Sen. Q. N. 4, 2, 17; so,
nivem solvere,
id. ib. 4, 5, 2; Ov. Am. 3, 6, 93; Sen. Herc. Oet. 729:
rigor auri solvitur aestu,
Lucr. 1, 493:
ferrum calidi solvant camini,
Manil. 4, 250:
cerae igne solutae,
Ov. A. A. 2, 47:
Iris cum vino triduo non solvitur,
Plin. 21, 20, 83, § 142:
(herba) quinto die solvitur,
id. 26, 14, 88, § 148.—
(γ).
Of putrefaction:
(vitulo) per integram solvuntur viscera pellem,
Verg. G. 4, 302.—
(δ).
Of change in general:
inque novas abiit massa soluta domos,
Ov. F. 1, 108:
repentino crementur incendio, atque ex tanta varietate solvantur atque eant in unum omnia (sc. all the heavenly bodies),
Sen. Ben. 6, 22.—
(ε).
Of expansion by heat:
(uva) cum modo frigoribus premitur, modo solvitur aestu,
Ov. A. A. 2, 317.—
(ζ).
Hence, solvere, absol., to rarefy:
gravitas aeris solvitur,
Sen. Q. N. 5, 5, 1.—
(η).
Solvi in, to pass into, become:
in cacumine (herbae) capitula purpurea quae solvantur in lanugines,
Plin. 27, 8, 39, § 61.—Of a wave:
donec in planitiem immotarum aquarum solvatur,
disappears in, Sen. Q. N. 1, 2, 2:
postremi (equi) solvuntur in aequora pisces (= solvuntur in pisces),
Stat. Th. 2, 47: lumina in lacrimas solventur, stream with tears. —Hence, solvere, causative, to make pass over, to make vanish in: circulum in pulverem, in quo descriptus est, solvere, Sen. Ep. 74, 27: soluti agri, the boundaries of which are effaced, Sic. Fl. Cond. Agr. p. 3 Goes.—
4.
To consume, to destroy, dissolve:
solvere orbes,
Manil. 1, 497:
ni calor et ventus... interemant sensum diductaque solvant (i.e. sensum),
Lucr. 3, 287:
(Cato) ferrei prope corporis animique, quem ne senectus quidem, quae solvit omnia, fregerit,
Liv. 39, 40, 11:
si (cometae) sunt purus ignis... nec illos conversio mundi solvit,
Sen. Q. N. 7, 2, 2:
(turbo) ab eo motu, qui universum trahit, solveretur,
id. ib. 7, 9, 4:
tabes solvit corpora,
Luc. 6, 18; 7, 809:
nec solum silvas, sed saxa ingentia solvit (ignis),
id. 3, 506:
ne tegat functos humus, ne solvat ignis,
Sen. Thyest. 750.—So, vitam solvere, to extinguish life, esp. of gradual or easy death:
solvas potius (vitam), quam abrumpas, dummodo, si alia solvendi ratio non erit, vel abrumpas,
Sen. Ep. 22, 3:
hanc mihi solvite vitam,
Prop. 2, 9, 39.—
B.
Trop.
1.
To free, release, loose, emancipate, set free; constr. absol., with abl. or ab and abl.; rarely with gen.
a.
From the body, etc.:
teque isto corpore solvo,
Verg. A. 4, 703:
soluta corpore anima,
Quint. 5, 14, 13:
qui solutas vinculis animas recipit,
Sen. Cons. 28, 8: si animus somno relaxatus solute (i. e. free from the shackles of the body) moveatur ac libere, Cic. Div. 2, 48, 100:
vocem solvere,
to set free the voice, to speak, Stat. S. 3, 1; Sen. Thyest. 682; so, responsa solve (pregn. = utter and disclose), Sen. Oedip. 292:
suspiria solvit,
Stat. Th. 11, 604:
solvat turba jocos,
Sen. Med. 114:
solutos Qui captat risus hominum (= quem juvat risus hominum solvere),
Hor. S. 1, 4, 83:
Ausonii... versibus incomptis ludunt risuque soluto,
unrestrained, free, Verg. G. 2, 386.—
b.
Of members or parts of the body: linguam solvere, to unfetter the tongue (sc. vinculis oris), to give flow to words:
linguam (Juno) ad jurgia solvit,
Ov. M. 3, 261:
lingua devincta nec in motus varios soluta,
Sen. Ira, 1, 3, 7:
ut quisque contemptissimus est, ita linguae solutissimae est,
id. Const. 11, 3:
(fama) innumeras solvit in praeconia linguas,
Luc. 1, 472. —Solvere bracchia, poet., to unfetter the arms, i. e. to move them:
magna difficili solventem bracchia motu,
Stat. Achill. 1, 604; cf.
of the free motions of animals: columbae soluto volatu multum velociores,
unrestrained flight, Plin. 10, 36, 52, § 108.—
c.
From obligations and debts:
solvit me debito,
Sen. Ben. 6, 4, 1:
an nos debito solverit,
id. Ep. 81, 3:
ut religione civitas solvatur,
Cic. Caecin. 34, 98; Liv. 7, 3, 9:
te decem tauri... Me tener solvet vitulus (sc. religione),
Hor. C. 4, 2, 54.—So from a military oath:
hoc si impetro, solvo vos jurejurando,
Just. 14, 4, 7.—Sacramento or militia solvere, to dismiss a soldier from service:
sacramento solvi,
Tac. A. 16, 13:
cum quis propter delictum sacramento solvitur,
Dig. 49, 16, 13:
militia solvere,
Tac. A. 1, 44.— Munere (publico) solvere, to exempt from public duties:
ut Ilienses publico munere solverentur,
Tac. A. 12, 58.—With obj. inf.:
ut manere solveretur,
that he should be excused from the duty of remaining, Tac. A. 3, 29.—
d.
From guilt and sin, to acquit, absolve, cleanse (cf. absolvere, to acquit of crime):
si ille huic (insidias fecerit), ut scelere solvamur,
be held guiltless, Cic. Mil. 12, 31:
atque hunc ille summus vir scelere solutum periculo liberavit,
id. ib. 4, 9:
sit capitis damno Roma soluta mei,
Ov. F. 6, 452:
ipsum quoque Pelea Phoci Caede per Haemonias solvit Acastus aquas,
id. ib. 2, 40:
Helenen ego crimine solvo,
id. A. A. 2, 371:
quid crimine solvis Germanum?
Stat. Th. 11, 379:
solutam caede Gradivus manum restituit armis,
Sen. Herc. Fur. 1342. —
e.
From feelings, etc.:
quae eos qui quaesissent cura et negotio solverent,
Cic. Rep. 1, 18, 30:
cum ego vos solvi curis ceteris,
Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 33:
senatus cura belli solutus,
Plin. 22, 3, 4, § 7:
pectus linquunt cura solutum,
Lucr. 2, 45:
his terroribus ab Epicuro soluti et in libertatem vindicati,
Cic. N. D. 1, 20, 56:
soluti metu,
Liv. 41, 14 init.; 27, 51:
solvent formidine terras,
Verg. E. 4, 14:
solve metu patriam,
Prop. 4 (5), 6, 41:
metu belli Scythas solvit,
Just. 9, 2, 2; so id. 14, 2, 5:
haec est Vita solutorum misera ambitione,
Hor. S. 1, 6, 129:
soluti a cupiditatibus,
Cic. Agr. 1, 9, 27:
his concitationibus quem vacuum, solutum, liberum videris,
id. Tusc. 5, 15, 43: et tu solve me dementia, [p. 1726] Hor. Epod. 17, 43:
longo luctu,
Verg. A. 2, 26:
tristem juventam solve (i. e. juventam tristitia),
Sen. Hippol. 450:
solvite tantis animum monstris, solvite, superi,
id. Herc. Fur. 1063:
Quis te solvere Thessalis Magus venenis poterit?
Hor. C. 1, 27, 21. — Poet.:
solvit animis miracula (for animos miraculis),
the soul from superstition, Manil. 1, 103.—And of animals:
rabie tigrim,
Manil. 5, 707.— Absol.:
ut ad praecepta quae damus possit ire animus, solvendus est (i. e. perturbationibus),
Sen. Ep. 95, 38:
calices, quem non fecere contracta in paupertate solutum?
i. e. from cares, Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 20:
solvite animos,
Manil. 4, 12.—With in:
vix haec in munera solvo animum,
i. e. free it from passions and so make it fit for these duties, Stat. S. 5, 3, 33.—
f.
From sleep, very rare:
ego somno solutus sum,
awoke, Cic. Rep. 6, 26, 29 (cf.: somno solvi, to be overwhelmed by sleep, 2. b, g infra).—
g.
From labor, business, etc.:
volucres videmus... solutas opere volitare,
Cic. Or. 2, 6, 23:
solutus onere regio, regni bonis fruor,
Sen. Oedip. 685.— Poet.:
Romulus excubias decrevit in otia solvi,
to be relieved from guard and enjoy leisure, Prop. 4 (5), 4, 79.—
h.
From rigidity, austerity, stiffness, etc., to relax, smooth, unbend, quiet, soothe ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):
frontem solvere disce,
Mart. 14, 183:
saltem ora trucesque solve genas,
Stat. Th. 11, 373:
solvit feros tunc ipse rictus,
Sen. Herc. Fur. 797.— Poet.:
solvatur fronte senectus = frons senectute (i. e. rugis), solvatur,
be cleared, Hor. Epod. 13, 5:
vultum risu solvit,
relieves, Val. Max. 4, 3, 5:
risum judicis movendo, et illos tristes affectus solvit, et animum renovat,
Quint. 6, 3, 1; so,
solvere judicem,
unbend, excite his laughter, id. 11, 3, 3:
solvere qui (potui) Curios Fabriciosque graves (sc. risu),
Mart. 9, 28 (29), 4:
ut tamen arctum Solveret hospitiis animum,
Hor. S. 2, 6, 83:
cujus non contractum sollicitudine animum illius argutiae solvant?
Sen. Cons. Helv. 18, 5.— Transf., pregn.:
solventur risu tabulae,
i. e. the austerity of the judge will be relaxed by laughter, and the complaint dismissed, Hor. S. 2, 1, 86.—Imitated:
quia si aliquid omiserimus, cum risu quoque tota res solvitur,
Quint. 5, 10, 67.—
k.
From any cause of restraint.
(α).
To release from siege:
Bassanitas obsidione solvere,
Liv. 44, 30:
patriam obsidione solvere,
Val. Max. 3, 2, 2. —
(β).
From moral restraints:
hic palam cupiditates suas solvit,
gave vent to, Curt. 6, 6, 1; v. also P. a., B. 7. infra.—
l.
From laws and rules: legibus solvere.
(α).
To exempt from laws, i. e. by privilege:
Vopiscus, qui ex aedilitate consulatum petit, solvatur legibus,
Cic. Phil. 11, 5, 11:
cur M. Brutus legibus est solutus, si, etc.,
id. ib. 2, 13, 31:
ut interea magistratus reliquos, legibus omnibus soluti, petere possetis,
id. Agr. 2, 36, 99:
Lurco, tribunus plebis, solutus est (et lege Aelia et Furia),
id. Att. 1, 16, 13:
solvatne legibus Scipionem,
Auct. Her. 3, 2, 2:
petente Flacco ut legibus solverentur,
Liv. 31, 50, 8:
Scipio legibus solutus est,
id. Epit. 56:
Licet enim, inquiunt, legibus soluti sumus, attamen legibus vivimus,
Just. Inst. 2, 17, 8; cf.:
ut munere vigintiviratus solveretur,
Tac. A. 3, 29.— Transf., of the laws of nature, etc.:
(aestus) illo tempore, solutus legibus, sine modo fertur,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 28, 6:
solus (sapiens) generis humani legibus solvitur,
id. Brev. Vit. 15, 5:
nec leti lege solutas,
Lucr. 3, 687:
nec solvo Rutulos (i. e. legibus fati),
Verg. A. 10, 111.— With gen. (cf. libero), perh. only in phrase testamenti solvere, to release from a testamentary disposition:
et is per aes et libram heredes testamenti solveret,
Cic. Leg. 2, 20, 51; 2, 21, 53 (less prop. testamenti is taken as attribute of heredes); cf. Gai. Inst. 3, 175, and Hor. C. 3, 17, 16, P. a., B. 5. fin. infra.—
(β).
Legibus solutus, not subject to, released from:
reus Postumus est ea lege... solutus ac liber,
i. e. the law does not apply to him, Cic. Rab. Post. 5, 12:
soluti (lege Julia) huc convenistis, ne constricti discedatis cavete,
id. ib. 7, 18.—Of other laws:
solutus Legibus insanis,
Hor. S. 2, 6, 68:
quae sedes expectent animam solutam legibus servitutis humanae,
Sen. Ep. 65, 20.— Transf., of things: soluta legibus scelera sunt, unrestrained by the laws, i. e. crimes are committed with impunity, Sen. Ben. 7, 27, 1.— Of the laws of versification: numerisque fertur Lege solutis, referring to dithyrambic measures, Hor. C. 4, 2, 12 (cf. P. a., B. 11. infra).—
2.
To dissolve, separate objects which are united, to break up, dismiss.
(α).
Of troops, ranks, etc.:
ubi ordines procursando solvissent,
Liv. 42, 65, 8:
incomposito agmine, solutis ordinibus,
Curt. 8, 1, 5; so id. 8, 4, 6:
agmina Diductis solvere choris,
Verg. A. 5, 581:
solvit maniplos,
Juv. 8, 154:
solvuntur laudata cohors,
Stat. Achill. 2, 167.—Hence, to separate armies engaged in battle:
commissas acies ego possum solvere,
Prop. 4 (5), 4, 59.—
(β).
Of banquets, assemblies, etc.:
convivio soluto,
Liv. 40, 14 fin.:
convivium solvit,
Curt. 8, 5, 24; 8, 6, 16:
Quid cessas convivia solvere?
Ov. F. 6, 675:
coetuque soluto Discedunt,
id. M. 13, 898.—Hence, urbem (Capuam) solutam ac debilitatam reliquerunt, disfranchised, Cic. Agr. 2, 33, 91.—
(γ).
Of the words in discourse, orationem or versum solvere, to break up a sentence or verse:
(discant) versus primo solvere, mox mutatis verbis interpretari,
Quint. 1, 9, 2:
quod cuique visum erit vehementer, dulciter, speciose dictum, solvat ac turbet,
id. 9, 4, 14:
ut partes orationis sibi soluto versu desideret et pedum proprietates,
id. 1, 8, 13:
non, ut si solvas Postquam discordia tetra, etc., invenias etiam disjecti membra poetae,
Hor. S. 1, 4, 60.—
3.
Implying a change for the worse.
a.
To relax, make effeminate, weaken, by ease, luxury, dissipation, etc. (post-Aug.):
Hannibalem hiberna solverunt,
Sen. Ep. 51, 5:
usque eo nimio delicati animi languore solvuntur,
Sen. Brev. Vit. 12, 6:
infantiam statim deliciis solvimus,
Quint. 1, 2, 6:
solutus luxu,
id. 3, 8, 28; so Tac. A. 11, 31.—With in and acc.:
soluti in luxum,
Tac. H. 2, 99:
in lasciviam,
id. ib. 3, 38.— Transf.: versum solvere, to deprive a verse of its proper rhythm:
si quinque continuos dactylos confundas solveris versum,
Quint. 9, 4, 49.—
b.
To make torpid by removing sensation.
(α).
To relax, benumb the limbs or body;
as by narcotics, terror, sickness, exhaustion: multaque praeterea languentia membra per artus solvunt,
Lucr. 6, 798:
ima Solvuntur latera,
Verg. G. 3, 523:
solvi debilitate corporis,
paralyzed, Val. Max. 1, 7, 4:
ut soluto labitur moriens gradu,
Sen. Hippol. 368.—In mal. part., Hor. Epod. 12, 8; cf. Verg. G. 3, 523.— Poet.:
illum aget, penna metuente solvi, Fama superstes,
Hor. C. 2, 2, 7.—Of the mind:
segnitia (oratoris) solvit animos,
wearies, Quint. 11, 3, 52:
mentes solvere,
to make insane, Plin. 25, 3, 7, § 25.—
(β).
By frost ( poet.):
solvuntur illi frigore membra,
Verg. A. 12, 951; 1, 92.—
(γ).
By sleep ( poet. for sopio):
homines volucresque ferasque Solverat alta quies,
Ov. M. 7, 186:
corpora somnus Solverat,
id. ib. 10, 369:
molli languore solutus,
id. ib. 11, 648;
11, 612: altoque sopore solutum,
id. ib. 8, 817:
somno vinoque solutos,
id. F. 2, 333; Verg. A. 9, 236:
ut membra solvit sopor,
id. ib. 12, 867:
non solvit pectora somnus,
Sen. Agam. 76.—With in:
solvitur in somnos,
Verg. A. 4, 530.— Transf., of the sea:
aequor longa ventorum pace solutum,
lulled to sleep, Stat. Th. 3, 255.—
(δ).
By death: solvi, to die ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):
ipse deus, simulatque volam, me solvet,
Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 78:
corporibus quae senectus solvit,
Curt. 89, 32 (cf. A. 4. supra):
(corpus) quam nullo negotio solvitur,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 27, 2:
alius inter cenandum solutus est,
id. Ep. 66, 43:
ubicumque arietaveris, solveris,
id. Cons. Marc. 11, 3:
me fata maturo exitu facilique solvant,
Sen. Troad. 605:
solvi inedia,
Petr. 111:
sic morte quasi somno soluta est,
Flor. 2, 21, 11.—Hence,
4.
Of logical dissolution, to refute:
non tradit Epicurus quomodo captiosa solvantur,
how fallacies are refuted, Cic. Fin. 1, 7, 22:
argumentum solvere,
Quint. 2, 17, 34:
solutum scies quod nobis opponitur,
Sen. Const. 12, 3.—
b.
To disperse, dispel, as of a cloud:
deorum beneficia tempestiva ingentes minas interventu suo solventia,
Sen. Ben. 4, 4, 2.
II.
To loose, remove, cancel that which binds any thing.
A.
In a corporeal sense.
1.
In gen., to loose (weaker than rumpo;
post-Aug.): effringere quam aperire, rumpere quam solvere putant robustius,
Quint. 2, 12, 1:
qua convulsa tota operis colligatio solveretur,
Val. Max. 8, 14, 6:
supera compage soluta,
Stat. Th. 8, 31.—
2.
To remove a fetter, bridle, etc.:
nullo solvente catenas,
Ov. M. 3, 700: vincla jugis boum, Tib. 2, 1, 7:
solvere frenum,
Phaedr. 1, 2, 3:
loris solutis,
Ov. A. A. 1, 41.— Transf., of prisons:
qui, solutis ergastulis, exercitus numerum implevit,
Liv. Ep. 56; Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 10, 13; 11, 13, 2.—Of frost:
gelu solvitur,
it thaws, Tac. H. 1, 79:
solvitur acris hiems,
Hor. C. 1, 4, 1.—Of clouds:
facit igitur ventum resoluta nubes, quae plurimis modis solvitur,
Sen. Q. N. 5, 12, 5; 5, 12, 1.—Of the grasp of hands, fingers, etc.:
Aeacides a corpore bracchia solvit,
looses his hold, Ov. M. 11, 246:
indigno non solvit bracchia collo,
Stat. Th. 5, 217:
digitis solutis abjecit jaculum,
id. ib. 8, 585.—
3.
To untie a string, cord, necklace, etc., slacken or unlock an enclosure, open a box, trunk, etc.:
solve vidulum ergo,
Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 98:
eam solve cistulam,
id. Am. 2, 2, 151:
solve zonam,
untie, id. Truc. 5, 62:
solvisse jugalem ceston fertur,
Stat. Th. 5, 62:
animai nodos a corpore solvit,
Lucr. 2, 950:
nihil interest quomodo (nodi) solvantur,
Curt. 3, 1, 18:
quid boni est, nodos operose solvere, quos ipse ut solveres feceris?
Sen. Ben. 5, 12, 2:
solvere nodum,
Stat. Th. 11, 646:
laqueum quem nec solvere possis, nec abrumpere,
Sen. Tranq. 10, 1:
vix solvi duros a pectore nexus,
Ov. M. 9, 58:
fasciam solve,
Sen. Ep. 80, 10:
solutis fasciis,
Curt. 7, 6, 5:
solvi fasciculum,
Cic. Att. 11, 9, 2:
crinales vittas,
Verg. A. 7, 403:
Parmenion vinculum epistulae solvens,
Curt. 7, 2, 25:
equum empturus solvi jubes stratum,
Sen. Ep. 80, 9:
redimicula solvite collo,
Ov. F. 4, 135:
corollas de fronte,
Prop. 1, 3, 21:
solvere portas,
Stat. Th. 3, 492:
munimina valli,
id. ib. 12, 10:
ille pharetram Solvit,
Ov. M. 5, 380.— Transf., of the veins as enclosures of the blood:
solutis ac patefactis venis,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 15, 5:
venam cultello solvere,
Col. 6, 14; cf.
also: lychnis alvum solvit,
looses the bowels, Plin. 21, 26, 98, § 171; 21, 20, 83, § 140; Suet. Vesp. 24; Tac. A. 12, 67:
ventrem,
Plin. 20, 8, 30, § 74.— Absol. (sc. alvum), Mart. 13, 29:
stomachus solutus = venter solutus,
loose bowels, Petr. 117; Scrib. Comp. 92.—
B.
Trop., to slacken or remove a bond.
1.
Solvere aliquid (aliquod vinculum; cf. I. B. 1. supra).
a.
Of the mouth, etc., to open:
talibus ora solvit verbis,
Ov. M. 15, 74; so id. ib. 1, 181; Tib. 4, 5, 14:
ternis ululatibus ora Solvit,
Ov. M. 7, 191; 9, 427; id. Tr. 3, 11, 20; Stat. Achill. 1, 525:
vix ora solvi patitur etiamnum timor,
Sen. Herc. Oet. 725; so,
os promptius ac solutius,
Val. Max. 8, 7, ext. 1.— Transf., of an abyss:
hic ora solvit Ditis invisi domus,
Sen. Herc. Fur. 664.—
b.
To remove, cancel; to destroy the force of a legal or moral obligation by expiration, death, etc.:
si mors alterutrius interveniat, solvitur mandatum,
Gai. Inst. 3, 160:
cum aliquis renunciaverit societati, societas solvitur,
id. ib. 3, 151; so id. ib. 3, 152:
morte solvetur compromissum,
Dig. 4, 8, 27:
soluto matrimonio,
ib. 24, 3, 2:
solutum conjugium,
Juv. 9, 79:
qui... conjugalia solvit,
Sen. Med. 144:
nec conjugiale solutum Foedus in alitibus,
Ov. M. 11, 743:
(sapiens) invitus beneficium per compensationem injuriae solvet,
cancel the obligation of a favor by the set-off of a wrong, Sen. Ep. 81, 17.—
c.
To efface guilt or wrong:
magnis injuria poenis Solvitur,
Ov. F. 5, 304:
solve nefas, dixit: solvit et ille nefas,
id. ib. 2, 44:
culpa soluta mea est,
id. Tr. 4, 4, 10:
neque tu verbis solves unquam quod mi re male feceris (i. e. injuriam),
Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 10.—
d.
Poenam solvere, to suffer punishment, i. e. to cancel the obligation of suffering, etc. (cf. 3. infra;
less freq. than poenam persolvere, exsolvere): serae, sed justae tamen et debitae poenae solutae sunt,
Cic. Mil. 31, 85:
capite poenas solvit,
Sall. J. 69, 4:
meritas poenas solventem,
Curt. 6, 3, 14:
poenarum solvendi tempus,
Lucr. 5, 1224:
nunc solvo poenas,
Sen. Phoen. 172:
hac manu poenas tibi solvam,
id. Hippol. 1177.—
e.
To remove, relieve, soothe affections, passions, etc.:
atque animi curas e pectore solvat,
Lucr. 4, 908:
curam metumque juvat Dulci Lyaeo solvere,
Hor. Epod. 9, 38:
patrimonii cura solvatur,
Sen. Q. N. 3, praef. §
2: Pyrrhus impetus sui terrore soluto,
Val. Max. 4, 3, 14:
solvite corde metum,
Verg. A. 1, 562; so id. ib. 9, 90:
solve metus animo,
Stat. Th. 2, 356:
solvi pericula et metus narrant,
Plin. 11, 37, 52, § 140: neque adhuc Stheneleius iras Solverat Eurystheus, [p. 1727] Ov. M. 9, 274:
hoc uno solvitur ira modo,
id. A. A. 2, 460:
solvitque pudorem,
Verg. A. 4, 55.—
f.
Of sleep:
quasi clamore solutus Sit sopor,
Ov. M. 3, 6, 30:
nec verba, nec herbae audebunt longae somnum tibi solvere Lethes,
Luc. 6, 768; cf.:
lassitudinem solvere,
Plin. 37, 10, 54, § 143. —
g.
Of any checks and barriers to motion, to remove.
(α).
To raise a siege:
solutam cernebat obsidionem,
Liv. 36, 10, 14:
soluta obsidione,
id. 36, 31, 7:
ad Locrorum solvendam obsidionem,
id. 27, 28, 17; cf. id. 37, 7, 7; 38, 5, 6; 42, 56 init.; 44, 13, 7; Curt. 4, 4, 1; Tac. A. 4, 24; 4, 73; Just. 9, 2, 10.—
(β).
Of passions, etc., to remove restraint:
cujus si talis animus est, solvamus nos ejus vincula, et claustra (i. e. irae) refringamus,
Liv. 36, 7, 13.—
(γ).
To overthrow, subvert a higher authority, etc.:
quos (milites), soluto imperio, licentia corruperat,
Sall. J. 39, 5:
imperia solvit qui tacet, jussus loqui,
Sen. Oedip. 525:
sonipedes imperia solvunt,
id. Hippol. 1084; cf.:
sanctitas fori ludis solvitur,
Quint. 11, 3, 58.—
h.
Of laws and customs, to abolish, violate:
solvendarum legum id principium esse censebant (post-Aug. for dissolvendarum),
Curt. 10, 2, 5:
solutae a se legis monitus,
Val. Max. 6, 5, ext. 4:
cum plus quam ducentorum annorum morem solveremus,
Liv. 8, 4, 7:
(Tarquinius) morem de omnibus senatum consulendi solvit,
id. 1, 49, 7:
oportebat istum morem solvi,
Curt. 8, 8, 18.—
2.
Esp. with acc. of the bond, etc. (taking the place of the constr. I. B. 1. 2. 3. supra, when the abl. of separation is not admissible).
a.
To subvert discipline:
disciplinam militarem solvisti,
Liv. 8, 7, 16:
luxuria solutam disciplinam militarem esse,
id. 40, 1, 4:
quod cum, ne disciplina solveretur, fecisset,
Front. Strat. 2, 12, 2.—
b.
Of strength, energy, attention, etc., to loosen, impair, weaken, scatter, disperse:
nobilitas factione magis pollebat, plebis vis soluta atque dispersa,
Sall. J. 41, 6:
patrios nervos externarum deliciarum contagione solvi et hebetari noluerunt,
Val. Max. 2, 6, 1:
vires solvere,
Quint. 9, 4, 7:
vis illa dicendi solvitur, et frigescit affectus,
Quint. 11, 3, 133.—
c.
Of affection, etc., to sever, dissolve, destroy:
segnes nodum (amicitiae) solvere Gratiae,
Hor. C. 3, 21, 22;
similarly: solvit (ille deus) amicos,
Prop. 2, 34 (3, 32), 5; so id. 2, 15 (3, 7), 26:
hoc firmos solvit amores,
Ov. A. A. 2, 385:
amores cantibus et herbis solvere,
Tib. 1, 2, 60.—
d.
Of sickness and hunger, to end, remove:
vitex dicitur febres solvere,
Plin. 24, 9, 38, § 60:
solvit jejunia granis,
Ov. F. 4, 607:
quoniam jejunia virgo Solverat,
id. M. 5, 535; cf. Luc. 3, 282; so,
famem,
Sen. Thyest. 64.—
e.
To delay:
hi classis moras hac morte solvi rentur,
Sen. Troad. 1131.—
f.
Of darkness, to dispel:
lux solverat umbras,
Stat. Th. 10, 390.—
g.
Of war, strife, etc., to compose, settle:
aut solve bellum, mater, aut prima excipe,
Sen. Phoen. 406:
electus formae certamina solvere pastor,
Stat. Achill. 2, 337:
jurgia solvere,
Manil. 3, 115:
contradictiones solvere,
Quint. 7, 1, 38.—
h.
Of difficulties, riddles, questions, ambiguities, etc., to solve, explain, remove:
quia quaestionem solvere non posset,
Val. Max. 9, 12, ext. 3:
aenigmata,
Quint. 8, 6, 53:
omnes solvere posse quaestiones,
Suet. Gram. 11:
haec ipsa, quae volvuntur ab illis, solvere malim et expandere,
Sen. Ep. 82, 20; id. Q. N. 7, 14, 1:
unum tantum hoc solvendum est,
that one question, id. ib. 1, 7, 3:
puta nunc me istuc non posse solvere,
id. Ep. 48, 6:
carmina non intellecta Solverat,
Ov. M. 7, 760:
triste carmen alitis solvi ferae,
Sen. Oedip. 102:
nodos juris,
Juv. 8, 50:
proponere aliquid quod solvat quaestionem,
Quint. 5, 10, 96:
plurimas quaestiones illis probationibus solvi solere,
id. 1, 10, 49:
quo solvitur quaestio supra tractata,
id. 3, 7, 3:
ambiguitatem or amphiboliam,
id. 7, 2, 49; 7, 9, 10.—
3.
In partic., of obligations, to fulfil.
a.
To pay.
(α).
Originally, rem solvere, to free one's property and person (rem familiarem) from debts (solutio per aes et libram), according to the ancient formula:
quod ego tibi tot millibus condemnatus sum, me eo nomine... a te solvo liberoque hoc aere aeneaque libra,
Gai. Inst. 3, 174 Huschke; cf.:
inde rem creditori palam populo solvit (i. e. per aes et libram),
Liv. 6, 14, 5:
quas res dari, fieri, solvi oportuit,
id. 1, 32, 11. —Hence, rem solvere, to pay; often with dat. of person:
pro vectura rem solvit?
paid the freight, Plaut. As. 2, 4, 27:
ubi nugivendis res soluta'st omnibus,
id. Aul. 3, 5, 51:
tibi res soluta est recte,
id. Curc. 4, 3, 21:
ego quidem pro istac rem solvo ab tarpessita meo,
id. ib. 5, 2, 20:
rem solvo omnibus quibus dehibeo,
id. ib. 5, 3, 45:
dum te strenuas, res erit soluta,
id. Ps. 2, 2, 35:
res soluta'st, Gripe, ego habeo,
id. Rud. 5, 3, 57.— Trop.: saepe edunt (aves);
semel si captae sunt, rem solvont aucupi,
they repay him, pay for his expenses, Plaut. As. 1, 3, 66.—And to pay by other things than money:
si tergo res solvonda'st,
by a whipping, Plaut. As. 2, 2, 54:
habent hunc morem ut pugnis rem solvant si quis poscat clarius,
id. Curc. 3, 9:
tibi quidem copia'st, dum lingua vivet, qui rem solvas omnibus,
id. Rud. 2, 6, 74.—Hence,
(β).
Absol. (sc. rem), to pay; with or without dat. of person:
cujus bona, quod populo non solvebat, publice venierunt,
Cic. Fl. 18, 43:
ei cum solveret, sumpsit a C. M. Fufiis,
id. ib. 20, 46:
misimus qui pro vectura solveret,
id. Att. 1, 3, 2:
qui nimis cito cupit solvere, invitus debet,
Sen. Ben. 4, 40, 5:
ut creditori solvat,
Dig. 30, 1, 49, § 7.— Pass. impers.:
si dare vis mihi, Magis solutum erit quam ipsi dederis,
it will be a more valid payment, Plaut. Ps. 2, 2, 46:
numquam vehementius actum est quam me consule, ne solveretur,
to stop payments, Cic. Off. 2, 24, 84:
fraudandi spe sublata solvendi necessitas consecuta est,
id. ib. 2, 24, 84:
cum eo ipso quod necesse erat solvi, facultas solvendi impediretur,
Liv. 6, 34, 1.—Cf. in the two senses, to free from debt, and to pay, in the same sentence:
non succurrere vis illi, sed solvere. Qui sic properat, ipse solvi vult, non solvere,
Sen. Ben. 6, 27, 1.—
(γ).
With acc. of the debt, to discharge, to pay:
postquam Fundanio debitum solutum esset,
Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 3, § 10:
hoc quod debeo peto a te ut... solutum relinquas,
settled, id. Att. 16, 6, 3:
solverat Castricio pecuniam jam diu debitam,
id. Fl. 23, 54:
ex qua (pensione) major pars est ei soluta,
id. Att. 16, 2, 1:
solvi aes alienum Pompejus ex suo fisco jussit,
Val. Max. 6, 2, 11:
aes alienum solvere,
Sen. Ep. 36, 5:
quae jactatio est, solvisse quod debebas?
id. Ben. 4, 17, 1; so,
debitum solvere,
id. ib. 6, 30, 2:
ne pecunias creditas solverent,
Cic. Pis. 35, 86:
ut creditae pecuniae solvantur,
Caes. B. C. 3, 20; 3, 1:
ex thensauris Gallicis creditum solvi posse,
Liv. 6, 15, 5:
ita bona veneant ut solidum suum cuique solvatur,
Cic. Rab. Post. 17, 46.—And of moral debts:
cum patriae quod debes solveris,
Cic. Marcell. 9, 27:
debet vero, solvitque praeclare,
id. Phil. 13, 11, 25:
aliter beneficium, aliter creditum solvitur,
Sen. Ben. 2, 34, 1:
qui grate beneficium accipit, primam ejus pensionem solvit,
id. ib. 2, 22 fin. —
(δ).
By a confusion of construction, solvere pecuniam, etc., to pay money, etc. (for pecunia rem or debitum solvere); constr. with dat. or absol.:
emi: pecuniam solvi,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 20, § 43:
pro frumento nihil solvit,
id. ib. 2, 3, 72, §
169: legatis pecuniam pro frumento solvit,
Liv. 44, 16:
hanc pecuniam cum solvere in praesenti non posset,
Nep. Milt. 7, 6:
nisi pecuniam solvisset,
id. Cim. 1, 1:
condiciones pacis dictae ut decem millia talentum argenti... solverent,
Liv. 30, 37 med.:
pro quo (frumento) pretium solveret populus Romanus,
id. 36, 3, 1:
pretium servorum ex aerario solutum est dominis,
id. 32, 26, 14:
pretium pro libris domino esse solvendum,
id. 40, 39 fin.:
meritam mercedem,
id. 8, 22, 3; so id. 8, 11, 4: sorte creditum solvere, by paying the principal (i. e. without interest), id. 6, 36, 12:
quae praemia senatus militibus ante constituit, ea solvantur,
Cic. Phil. 14, 14, 38:
stipendium,
Liv. 28, 32, 1:
dotem mulieri,
Dig. 24, 3, 2:
litem aestimatam,
the amount of a fine, Nep. Cim. 5, 18 fin.:
arbitria funeris,
the expenses of the funeral, Cic. Red. Sen. 7, 18:
solvere dodrantem,
to pay seventy-five per cent., Mart. 8, 9, 1:
dona puer solvit,
paid the promised gifts, Ov. M. 9, 794; so,
munera,
id. ib. 11, 104.— Transf., of the dedication of a book, in return for favors:
et exspectabo ea (munera) quae polliceris, et erunt mihi pergrata si solveris... Non solvam nisi prius a te cavero, etc.,
Cic. Brut. 4, 17 sq. —Of the delivery of slaves:
si quis duos homines promise rit et Stichum solverit,
Dig. 46, 3, 67; 46, 3, 38, § 3.— Transf., poet.: dolorem solvisti, you have paid your grief, i. e. have duly mourned, Stat. S. 2, 6, 98.— Pass. with personal subject:
si (actor) solutus fuisset,
Dig. 12, 1, 31 (cf.: solvere militem, b supra). —
(ε).
Esp., in certain phrases, to pay:
aliquid praesens solvere,
to pay in cash, Cic. Att. 16, 2, 1; so,
aliquid de praesentibus solvere,
Sen. Ep. 97, 16:
solvere grates (= referre gratiam muneribus): Sulla solvit grates Dianae,
Vell. 2, 25:
quas solvere grates sufficiam?
Stat. S. 4, 2, 7: cum homo avarus, ut ea (beneficia) solveret sibi imperare non posset, etc., Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 12, 1; cf.: non dicimus reposuit beneficium aut solvit;
nullum nobis placuit quod aeri alieno convenit verbum,
Sen. Ep. 81, 9; but v. id. Ben. 2, 18, 5: in debitum solvere, to make a partial payment:
unum haec epistula in debitum solvet,
id. Ep. 7, 10: aliquid solvere ab aliquo (de aliqua re), to pay out of funds supplied by any one ( out of any fund):
Quintus laborat ut tibi quod debet ab Egnatio solvat,
Cic. Att. 7, 18, 4:
homines dicere, se a me solvere,
id. ib. 5, 21, 11:
(summa) erat solvenda de meo,
Plin. Ep. 2, 4, 2:
operas solvere alicui,
to work for somebody, Dig. 40, 7, 39: solvo operam Dianae, I work for Diana, i. e. offer a sacrifice to her, Afran. ap. Non. 12, 21: judicatum solvere, to pay the amount adjudged by the court, for which security (satisdatio) was required:
stipulatio quae appellatur judicatum solvi,
Gai. Inst. 4, 90:
iste postulat ut procurator judicatum solvi satisdaret,
Cic. Quint. 7, 29; so Dig. 3, 2, 28; 3, 3, 15; 2, 8, 8;
2, 8, 14 et saep.: auctio solvendis nummis,
a cash auction, Mart. 14, 35.— Gerund.: solvendo esse, to be solvent; jurid. t. t., to be able to pay, i. e. one's debts; cf.
in full: nec tamen solvendo aeri alieno respublica esset,
Liv. 31, 13:
nemo dubitat solvendo esse eum qui defenditur,
Dig. 50, 17, 105:
qui modo solvendo sint,
Gai. Inst. 1, 3, 121:
si solvendo sint,
Paul. Sent. 1, 20, 1:
nec interest, solvendo sit, necne,
Dig. 30, 1, 49, § 5; so ib. 46, 1, 10; 46, 1, 27, § 2; 46, 1, 51, §§ 1 and 4; 46, 1, 52, § 1; 46, 1, 28; 50, 17, 198 et saep.: non solvendo esse, to be insolvent:
solvendo non erat,
Cic. Att. 13, 10, 3:
cum solvendo civitates non essent,
id. Fam. 3, 8, 2:
tu nec solvendo eras, nec, etc.,
id. Phil. 2, 2, 4:
ne videatur non fuisse solvendo,
id. Off. 2, 22, 79;
and very freq. in the jurists.—So, trop.: quid matri, quid flebili patriae dabis? Solvendo non es,
Sen. Oedip. 941; cf.:
*non esse ad solvendum (i. e. able to pay),
Vitr. 10, 6 fin. —
b.
To fulfil the duty of burial.
(α).
Justa solvere; with dat. of the person:
qui nondum omnia paterno funeri justa solvisset,
who had not yet finished the burial ceremonies of his father, Cic. Rosc. Am. 8, 23:
justis defunctorum corporibus solutis,
Curt. 3, 12, 15:
proinde corpori quam primum justa solvamus,
id. 10, 6, 7:
ut justa soluta Remo,
Ov. F. 5, 452:
nunc justa nato solve,
Sen. Hippol. 1245.—
(β).
Exsequias, inferias or suprema solvere:
exsequiis rite solutis,
Verg. A. 7, 5:
cruor sancto solvit inferias viro,
Sen. Hippol. 1198:
solvere suprema militibus,
Tac. A. 1, 61.—
c.
Votum solvere, to fulfil a vow to the gods.
(α).
Alone:
vota ea quae numquam solveret nuncupavit,
Cic. Phil. 3, 4, 11:
quod si factum esset, votum rite solvi non posse,
Liv. 31, 9 fin.:
liberare et se et rempublicam religione votis solvendis,
id. 40, 44, 8:
placatis diis votis rite solvendis,
id. 36, 37 fin.:
petiit ut votum sibi solvere liceret,
id. 45, 44:
animosius a mercatore quam a vectore solvitur votum,
Sen. Ep. 73, 5:
vota pro incolumitate solvebantur,
Tac. A. 2, 69:
vota pater solvit,
Ov. M. 9, 707:
ne votum solvat,
Mart. 12, 91, 6; 8, 4, 2; Val. Max. 6, 9, 5 ext.; 1, 1, 8 ext. — Poet.:
voti debita solvere,
Ov. F. 5, 596; cf.
the abbrev. formula V. S. L. M. (voTVM SOLVIT LIBENS MERITO),
Inscr. Orell. 186; 1296 sq.:
V.S.A.L. (ANIMO LIBENTI),
ib. 2022 et saep.:
sacra solvere (=votum solvere),
Manil. 1, 427.—
(β).
With dat.:
ait sese Veneri velle votum solvere,
Plaut. Rud. prol. 60:
vota Jovi solvo,
Ov. M. 7, 652; 8, 153:
sunt vota soluta deae,
id. F. 6, 248:
dis vota solvis,
Sen. Ben. 5, 19, 4:
libamenta Veneri solvere (=votum per libamenta),
Just. 18, 5, 4.—
d.
Fidem solvere, to fulfil a promise (post-class. for fidem praestare, [p. 1728] exsolvere; cf.:
fidem obligatam liberare,
Suet. Claud. 9):
illi, ut fidem solverent, clipeis obruere,
Flor. 1, 1, 12;
similarly: et voti solverat ille fidem (=votum solverat),
Ov. F. 1, 642; but cf.: itane imprudens? tandem inventa'st causa: solvisti fidem, you have found a pretext to evade your promise (cf. II. A. 3.), Ter. And. 4, 1, 18: esset, quam dederas, morte soluta fides, by my death your promise to marry me would have been cancelled (cf. II. B. 1. 6.), Ov. H. 10, 78; similarly: suam fidem (i. e. quam Lepido habuerit) solutam esse, that his faith in Lepidus was broken, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 21, 3.—With a different construction: se depositi fide solvere, to acquit one's self of the duty to return property intrusted to him (cf. I. B. 1. c.), Val. Max. 7, 3, 5 ext.: factique fide data munera solvit, he freed the gift already given from the obligation of an accomplished fact, i. e. he revoked the gifts, although already made, Ov. M. 11, 135.—
e.
Promissum solvere, to fulfil a promise (very rare):
perinde quasi promissum solvens,
Val. Max. 9, 6, 1:
solvitur quod cuique promissum est,
Sen. Cons. Marc. 20 fin.;
similarly: solutum, quod juraverant, rebantur,
what they had promised under oath, Liv. 24, 18, 5.—Hence, sŏlūtus, a, um, P. a., free, loose, at large, unfettered, unbandaged.
A.
Lit.
1.
(Acc. to I.A. 1. supra.) Pigeat nostrum erum si eximat aut solutos sinat, Plaut. Capt. 2, 1, 11:
tibi moram facis quom ego solutus sto,
id. Ep. 5, 2, 25:
reus solutus causam dicis, testes vinctos attines,
id. Truc. 4, 3, 63:
cum eos vinciret quos secum habebat, te solutum Romam mittebat?
Cic. Deiot. 7, 22:
nec quisquam ante Marium solutus dicitur esse sectus,
unbandaged, id. Tusc. 2, 22, 53:
duos (captivos) solutos ire ad Hannibalem jussit,
Liv. 27, 51:
eum interdiu solutum custodes sequebantur, nocte clausum asservabant,
id. 24, 45, 10:
non efficiatis ut solutos verear quos alligatos adduxit,
Val. Max. 6, 2, 3.—
2.
(Acc. to I. A. 2.) Of texture, etc.; esp. of soil, loose, friable (opp spissus;
postAug.): quo solutior terra facilius pateat radicibus,
Sen. Ep. 90, 21;
ordeum nisi solutum et siccum locum non patitur,
Col. 2, 9:
soluta et facilis terra,
id. 3, 14;
solum solutum vel spissum,
id. 2, 2 init.;
seri vult raphanus terra soluta, umida,
Plin. 19, 5, 26, § 83:
hordeum seri non vult, nisi in sicca et soluta terra,
id. 18, 7, 18, § 79:
solutiores ripae,
Front. Aquaed. 15.—Of plants:
mas spissior, femina solutior,
Plin. 25, 9, 57, § 103.—Hence, subst.: sŏlūtum, i, n., a state of looseness:
dum vult describere, quem ad modum alia torqueantur fila, alia ex molli solutoque ducantur,
Sen. Ep. 90, 20.—
3.
(Acc. to I. A. 3.) Rarefied, thin, diffused:
turbo, quo celsior eo solutior laxiorque est, et ob hoc diffunditur,
Sen. Q. N. 7, 9, 3:
aer agitatus a sole calefactusque solutior est,
id. ib. 1, 2, 10:
debet aer nec tam spissus esse, nec tam tenuis et solutus, ut, etc.,
id. ib. 1, 2, 11.—
B.
Trop.
1.
(Acc. to I. B. 1.) Of speech, unfettered, fluent, ready:
(orator) solutus in explicandis sententiis,
Cic. Or. 47, 173:
verbis solutus satis,
id. ib. 47, 174:
solutissimus in dicendo,
id. ib. 48, 180.—
2.
Exempt, free from duties, obligations, etc.:
quam ob rem viderer maximis beneficii vinculis obstrictus, cum liber essem et solutus?
Cic. Planc. 30, 72:
soluta (praedia) meliore in causa sunt quam obligata,
unmortgaged, id. Agr. 3, 2, 9:
si reddidi (debitum), solutus sum ac liber,
Sen. Ben. 2, 18, 5;
non ut gratus, sed ut solutus sim,
id. ib. 4, 21, 3;
solutus omni fenore,
Hor. Epod. 2, 4;
nam ea (religione) magister equitum solutus ac liber potuerit esse,
Liv. 8, 32, 5:
Mamertini soli in omni orbe terrarum vacui, expertes soluti ac liberi fuerunt ab omni sumptu, molestia, munere,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 10, § 23.—
3.
Free from punishment, not punishable, not liable, etc.: qui mancipia vendunt, certiores faciunt emptores quis fugitivus sit, noxave solutus, Edict. Aedil. ap. Dig. 21, 1, 1, § 1; Gell. 4, 2, 1; cf.:
quod aiunt aediles noxae solutus non sit sic intellegendum est... noxali judicio subjectum non esse,
Dig. 21, 1, 17, § 17:
apud quos libido etiam permissam habet et solutam licentiam,
Cic. Rep. 4, 4, 4:
omne illud tempus habeat per me solutum ac liberum,
i. e. let the crimes then committed be unpunished, id. Verr. 2, 1, 12, § 33: antea vacuum id solutumque poena fuerat, Tac. A. 14, 28.—With subj. inf.:
maxime solutum fuit, prodere de iis, etc.,
Tac. A. 4, 35: solutum existimatur esse, alteri male dicere, Caecil. ap. Cic. Fam. 6, 7, 3.—
4.
Free from cares, undistracted:
animo soluto liberoque,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 75, § 185:
sed paulo solutiore tamen animo,
id. ib. 2, 5, 31, § 82.—
5.
At leisure, free from labor, business, etc.:
te rogo ut eum solutum, liberum, confectis ejus negotiis a te, quamprimum ad me remittas,
Cic. Fam. 13, 63, 2:
quo mea ratio facilior et solutior esse possit,
id. ib. 3, 5, 1.—With gen.:
Genium Curabis Cum famulis operum solutis,
Hor. C. 3, 17, 16.—
6.
Unbound, relaxed, merry, jovial:
quam homines soluti ridere non desinant, tristiores autem, etc.,
Cic. Dom. 39, 104:
an tu existimas quemquam soluto vultu et hilari oculo mortem contemnere?
Sen. Ep. 23, 4:
vultus,
Stat. Th. 5, 355:
(mores) naturam sequentium faciles sunt, soluti sunt,
unembarrassed, Sen. Ep. 122, 17.—
7.
Free from the rule of others, uncontrolled, independent:
cum videas civitatis voluntatem solutam, virtutem alligatam,
Cic. Att. 2, 18, 1:
ab omni imperio externo soluta in perpetuum Hispania,
Liv. 29, 1 fin.:
Masinissae ab imperio Romano solutam libertatem tribuit,
Val. Max. 7, 2, 6:
incerti, solutique, et magis sine domino quam in libertate, Vononem in regnum accipiunt,
Tac. A. 2, 4:
quorum (militum) libertas solutior erat,
Just. 13, 2, 2.—Of animals:
rectore solutos (solis) equos,
Stat. Th. 1, 219.—
8.
Free from influence or restraint; hence, independent, unbiassed, unprejudiced:
nec vero deus ipse alio modo intellegi potest, nisi mens soluta quaedam et libera,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 27, 66;
cum animi sine ratione motu ipsi suo soluto ac libero incitarentur,
id. Div. 1, 2, 4:
judicio senatus soluto et libero,
id. Phil. 5, 15, 41:
sum enim ad dignitatem in re publica solutus,
id. Att. 1, 13, 2:
libero tempore cum soluta vobis est eligendi optio,
id. Fin. 1, 10, 33:
si omnia mihi essent solutissima, tamen in re publica non alius essem atque nunc sum,
id. Fam. 1, 9, 21:
liberi enim ad causas solutique veniebant,
uncommitted, id. Verr. 2, 2, 78, § 192.—
9.
Free from moral restraint; hence, unbridled, insolent, loose:
amores soluti et liberi,
Cic. Rep. 4, 4, 4:
licentia,
id. ib. 4, 4, 4:
populi quamvis soluti ecfrenatique sint,
id. ib. 1, 34, 53:
quis erat qui sibi solutam P. Clodii praeturam sine maximo metu proponeret? Solutam autem fore videbatis, nisi esset is consul qui eam auderet possetque constringere,
id. Mil. 13, 34:
quominus conspectus, eo solutior erat,
Liv. 27, 31 fin.:
adulescentes aliquot quorum, in regno, libido solutior fuerat,
id. 2, 1, 2:
solutioris vitae primos adulescentiae annos egisse fertur,
a licentious life, Val. Max. 2, 6, 1:
spectandi solutissimum morem corrigere,
Suet. Aug. 44:
mores soluti,
licentious habits, Just. 3, 3, 10.—
10.
Regardless of rules, careless, loose:
orator tam solutus et mollis in gestu,
Cic. Brut. 62, 225:
dicta factaque ejus solutiora, et quandam sui neglegentiam praeferentia,
Tac. A. 16, 18.—
11.
Esp., of style, etc., free from rules of composition.
(α).
Oratio soluta, verba soluta, a free style, conversational or epistolary style:
est oratio aliqua vincta atque contexta, soluta alia, qualis in sermone et epistulis,
Quint. 9, 4, 19; 9, 4, 20; 9, 4, 69; 9, 4, 77.—
(β).
More freq.: verba soluta, oratio soluta, prose (opp. to verse);
in full: scribere conabar verba soluta modis, Ov Tr. 4, 10, 24: quod (Isocrates) verbis solutis numeros primus adjunxerit,
Cic. Or. 52, 174:
mollis est enim oratio philosophorum... nec vincta numeris, sed soluta liberius,
id. ib. 19, 64; 71, 234;
68, 228: si omnes soluta oratione scripserunt,
Varr. R. R. 4, 1; de heisce rebus treis libros ad te mittere institui;
de oratione soluta duos, de poetica unum,
id. L. L. 6, 11 fin.:
ut in soluta oratione, sic in poemateis,
id. ib. 7, 1:
primus (Isocrates) intellexit. etiam in soluta oratione, dum versum effugeres modum et numerum quemdam debere servari,
Cic. Brut. 8, 32:
Aristoteles judicat heroum numerum grandiorem quam desideret soluta oratio,
id. Or. 57, 192:
et creticus et paeon quam commodissume putatur in solutam orationem illigari,
id. ib. 64, 215:
a modis quibusdam, cantu remoto, soluta esse videatur oratio,
id. ib. 55, 183; 55, 184; id. de Or. 3, 48, 184: historia est quodammodo carmen solutum, Quint. 10, 1, 31.—
(γ).
Also in reference to a prose rhythm, loose, unrhythmical, inharmonious:
ut verba neque inligata sint, quasi... versus, neque ita soluta ut vagentur,
Cic. de Or. 3, 44, 176; 3, 48, 186:
nec vero haec (Callidii verba) soluta nec diffluentia, sed astricta numeris,
id. Brut. 79, 274:
orator sic illigat sententiam verbis ut eam numero quodam complectatur et astricto et soluto,
id. de Or. 3, 44, 175; but: verba soluta suis figuris, words freed from their proper meaning, i.e. metaphors, Manil. 1, 24.—
(δ).
Rarely with reference to the thought: soluta oratio, a fragmentary, disconnected style:
soluta oratio, et e singulis non membris, sed frustis, collata, structura caret,
Quint. 8, 5, 27; cf. id. 9, 4, 69:
solutiora componere,
id. 10, 4, 1; 9, 4, 15.—
12.
Effeminate, luxurious (acc. to I. B. 3.):
sinum togae in dextrum umerum reicere, solutum ac delicatum est,
Quint. 11, 3, 146.—
13.
Undisciplined, disorderly:
omnia soluta apud hostes esse,
Liv. 8, 30, 3:
nihil temeritate solutum,
Tac. A. 13, 40:
apud Achaeos neglecta omnia ac soluta fuere,
Just. 34, 2, 2.—
14.
Lax, remiss, weak:
mea lenitas adhuc si cui solutior visa erat,
Cic. Cat. 2, 12, 27:
Ciceronem male audivisse, tamquam solutum et enervem,
Tac. Or. 18:
soluti ac fluentes,
Quint. 1, 2, 8.—Hence:
solutum genus orationis,
a lifeless, dull style, Val. Max. 8, 10, 3:
quanto longius abscederent, eo solutiore cura,
laxer attention, Liv. 3, 8, 8.—
C.
(Acc. to II. B. 3. e supra.) Paid, discharged, only as subst.: sŏlūtum, i, n., that which is paid, a discharged debt, in certain phrases:
aliquid in solutum dare,
to give something in payment, Dig. 46, 3, 45; 46, 3, 46; 46, 3, 60: in solutum accipere, to accept in payment:
qui voluntatem bonam in solutum accipit,
Sen. Ben. 7, 16, 4:
qui rem in solutum accipit,
Dig. 42, 4, 15; 12, 1, 19;
in solutum imputare,
to charge as payment, Sen. Ep. 8, 10; aliquid pro soluto est, is considered as paid or cancelled:
pro soluto id in quo creditor accipiendo moram fecit, oportet esse,
Dig. 46, 3, 72: pro soluto usucapere, to acquire by prescription something given in payment by the debtor, but not belonging to him:
pro soluto usucapit qui rem debiti causa recepit,
Dig. 41, 3, 46.— Adv.: sŏlūtē.
1.
Thinly:
corpora diffusa solute,
Lucr. 4, 53.—
2.
Of speech, fluently:
non refert videre quid dicendum est, nisi id queas solute ac suaviter dicere,
Cic. Brut. 29, 110:
ita facile soluteque volvebat sententias,
id. ib. 81, 280:
quid ipse compositus alias, et velut eluctantium verborum, solutius promptiusque eloquebatur,
Tac. A. 4, 31.—
3.
Irregularly, loosely:
a fabris neglegentius solutiusque composita,
Sen. Q. N. 6, 30, 4.—
4.
Freely, without restraint:
generaliter puto judicem justum... solutius aequitatem sequi,
i. e. without strictly regarding the letter of the law, Dig. 11, 7, 14, § 13.—
5.
Of style, without connection, loosely:
enuntiare,
Quint. 11, 2, 47.—
6.
Of manners and discipline, disorderly, negligently:
praecipue sub imperio Cn. Manlii solute ac neglegenter habiti sunt (exercitus),
Liv. 39, 1, 4:
in stationibus solute ac neglegenter agentes,
id. 23, 37, 6.—
7.
Weakly, tamely, without vigor:
quod ille tam solute egisset, tam leniter, tam oscitanter,
Cic. Brut. 80, 277.—
8.
Of morals, loosely, without restraint:
ventitabat illuc Nero, quo solutius urbem extra lasciviret,
Tac. A. 13, 47.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > solutum
42 solvo

solvo, solvi, solutum, 3, v. a. ( perf. soluit, trisyll., Cat. 2, 13:
soluisse,
Tib. 4, 5, 16) [for se-luo; cf. socors for se-cords], to loosen an object from any thing, to release or to loose, remove any thing which binds or restrains another.
I.
To loose an object bound, to release, set free, disengage, dissolve, take apart.
A.
In a corporeal sense.
1.
Outwardly, to release.
a.
From fetters or custody, to free, set free, release; absol.:
solvite istas,
i. e. from fetters, Plaut. Truc. 4, 3, 64:
solvite istum,
id. Mil. 5, 32:
numquam, nisi me orassis, solves,
id. Ep. 5, 2, 62:
jube solvi (eum),
Ter. And. 5, 4, 52:
ad palum adligati repente soluti sunt,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 5, § 11:
ut vincti solvantur,
id. ib. 2, 5, 6, §
12: qui in compedibus corporis semper fuerunt, etiam cum soluti sunt, tardius ingrediuntur,
id. Tusc. 1, 31, 75:
ita nexi soluti (sunt),
Liv. 8, 28, 9:
solvite me, pueri,
Verg. E. 6, 24:
fore ut brevi solveretur,
Suet. Vesp. 5; id. Tib. 65; id. Vit. 12.—With abl.:
canis solutus catena,
Phaedr. 3, 7, 20. — Transf., from the fetter of frost:
solutis amnibus (i. e. frigoris vinculo),
Stat. Th. 5, 15:
terrae quem (florem) ferunt solutae,
Hor. C. 1, 4, 10.—
b.
From reins, ties, bands, etc.: solve senescentem equum, from the rein, i. e. dismiss him from service, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 8:
solverat sol equos,
unhitched, Stat. Th. 3, 407: currum solvere (i. e. ab equis, poet. for equos a curru), Sen. Thyest. 794: solvere epistulam, i. e. from the string by which it was tied (= to open), Nep. Hann. 11, 3:
et tibi sollicita solvitur illa (epistula) manu,
Ov. Tr. 5, 2, 2:
et jacet in gremio charta soluta meo,
id. H. 11, 4:
praecepit suis ne sarcinas solverent, aut onera deponerent,
Front. Strat. 1, 5, 3.—So of garments and sails, to unfurl, unfold: cum tunica soluta inambularet, Asin. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 32, 3; Front. Strat. 4, 1, 26:
soluta toga,
Quint. 11, 3, 147:
vela solvere,
Verg. A. 4, 574.—
c.
From any fastening (mostly poet. and post-Aug. prose), to detach from; constr. absol., or with ab or de, and abl.:
Caucasia solvet de rupe Promethei bracchia,
Prop. 2, 1, 69:
fraxinus solvitur,
from the ground, Stat. Th. 9, 498:
ceciditque soluta pinus,
id. ib. 9, 409; cf.:
pinus radice soluta, deficit,
id. S. 5, 1, 152:
solutis radicibus arbusta procumbunt,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 27, 5:
accepi epistulam quam, ut scribis, ancora soluta de phaselo dedisti, i. e. a litore,
detached, Cic. Att. 1, 13, 1 B. and K. (al. sublata;
but soluta is perh. an error of Cic. in the use of a technical term, v Orell. ad loc.).—In the same sense: solvere retinacula classis,
Ov. M. 15, 696; 8, 102:
querno solvunt de stipite funem,
id. F. 4, 333:
fune soluto Currit in immensum carina,
id. Am. 2, 11, 23:
curvo solves viscera cultro (i. e. de corpore ferarum),
Sen. Hippol. 53.—Of rain disengaged from the clouds:
imber caelesti nube solutus,
Ov. A. A. 2, 237: (Lunam) imperfecta vi solvere tantum umorem, disengage only the moisture, i. e. from the earth:
cum solis radii absumant,
Plin. 2, 9, 6, § 45:
solutum a latere pugionem,
detached from his side, Suet. Vit. 15.—
d.
Esp., of ships: navem solvere, to free a ship from the land, i. e. to set sail, weigh anchor, leave land, depart.
(α).
With acc. alone:
eisce confectis navem solvimus,
Plaut. Merc. 1, 1, 91:
navim cupimus solvere,
id. Mil. 4, 7, 17:
naves solvit,
Caes. B. G. 4, 36; 5, 8; id. B. C. 1, 28; 3, 14; 3, 26;
3, 102: primis tenebris solvit navem,
Liv. 45, 6:
postero die solvere naves (jussi),
id. 29, 25 fin.; Nep. Hann. 8, 2:
classem solvere,
Liv. 45, 41; Prop. 3, 7 (4, 6), 23.—
(β).
With ab and abl.:
navis a terra solverunt,
Caes. B. C. 3, 101:
quinto inde die quam ab Corintho solverit naves,
Liv. 31, 7 med.:
solvunt a litore puppes,
Luc. 2, 649.—
(γ).
With ex and abl.:
nam noctu hac soluta est navis nostra e portu Persico,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 259:
interea e portu nostra navis solvitur,
id. Bacch. 2, 3, 54.—
(δ).
With abl.:
complures mercatores Alexandria solvisse,
Cic. Off. 3, 12, 50:
portu solventibus,
id. Mur. 2, 4.—
(ε).
Absol. (sc. navem or naves):
tertia fere vigilia solvit,
Caes. B. G. 4, 23:
nos eo die cenati solvimus,
Cic. Fam. 16, 9, 2:
altero die quam a Brundusio solvit,
Liv. 31, 14 init.:
qui inde solverant,
Val. Max. 1, 7, 3:
solvi mare languido,
Sen. Ep. 53, 1:
fortasse etiam ventis minantibus solves,
id. Ben. 2, 35, 5:
non eadem est his et illis causa solvendi,
making sea-voyages, id. Q. N. 5, 18, 16.—
(ζ).
With navis, etc., as subj., to leave the land (sc. se a litore):
naves XVIII. ex superiore portu solverunt,
Caes. B. G. 4, 28; and by another change of construction: solvimus oram, we freed the shore, i.e. from the ship, Quint. 4, 2, 41; id. Ep. ad Tryph. 3.—
(η).
Poet. usages:
de litore puppis solvit iter,
clears the voyage, Stat. S. 5, 1, 243:
nec tibi Tyrrhena solvatur funis harena,
Prop. 1, 8, 11 (cf.: retinacula solvere, c. supra).—
e.
Of secretions from the body ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):
tempore eo quo menstrua solvit,
Lucr. 6, 706:
cruor solvitur,
Stat. Th. 9, 530:
lacrimas solvere,
id. Achill. 2, 256:
solutis lacrimis,
Claud. Ruf. 2, 258; so,
partus solvere,
to bear, bring forth, be delivered of offspring, Ov. F. 3, 258; Stat. Th. 5, 461; Plin. 28, 3, 6, § 33; 32, 1, 1, § 6.—
2.
To loosen an object from that which holds it together, to break up, part, dissolve, disperse, divide, take apart, scatter.
a.
In gen.:
omne colligatum solvi potest,
Cic. Fin. 11.—
b.
Of structures ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):
solvere naves et rursus conjungere,
Curt. 8, 10, 3:
solvere quassatae parcite membra ratis,
Ov. Tr. 1, 2, 2:
dubitavit an solveret pontem,
Curt. 4, 16, 8:
solvere pontem,
Tac. A. 1, 69:
si pons solutus sit,
Dig. 2, 11, 2, § 7:
solutus pons tempestatibus,
Just. 2, 13, 9:
currum (solis) solutum,
Manil. 1, 740.—
c.
Of woven stuff:
solvens texta,
Prop. 2, 9, 6.—
d.
Of mountains:
utrimque montes solvit (Hercules),
Sen. Herc. Fur. 237:
tridente Neptunus montem solvit,
id. Agam. 553.—
e.
Of the neck:
soluta cervix silicis impulsu,
broken, Sen. Troad. 1119.—
f.
Of a comet:
momentum quo cometes solutus et in duas partes redactus est,
Sen. Q. N. 7, 16, 3.—
g.
Of the hair, to loosen, untie, let fall:
solve capillos,
Ov. Am. 3, 9, 3:
crinem,
id. A. A. 3, 784; id. M. 11, 682; 13, 584; Prop. 2, 15 (3, 7), 46:
comas casside,
Ov. F. 3, 2; cf. id. ib. 4, 854.—
h.
Of the earth (so mostly P. a., q. v. infra;
post-Aug.): ita in terrae corpore evenit ut partes ejus vetustate solvantur, solutae cadant,
Sen. Q. N. 6, 10, 2:
ubi montis latus nova ventis solvit hiems,
Stat. Th. 7, 745. —
3.
To dissolve; pass., to be dissolved, changed, to pass over into ( poet. and postclass. for dissolvere, or transire in); constr. absol., or with in and acc.
(α).
Of a change into air or gas:
calor mobiliter solvens, differt primordia vini,
dissolving, parts the molecules of the wine, Lucr. 6, 235:
nam materiai copia ferretur per inane soluta,
id. 1, 1018; so id. 1, 1103:
ita fatus in aera rursus solvitur,
Stat. Th. 5, 285;
nec in aera solvi Passa, recentem animam caelestibus intulit astris,
Ov. M. 15, 845.—
(β).
Into a liquid, to melt:
saepe terra in tabem solvitur,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 15, 7:
terram quam diximus esse mutabilem et solvi in umorem,
id. ib. 3, 29, 4:
nullum tellus se solvit in amnem,
Luc. 2, 408; ipsum in conubia terrae Aethera, cum pluviis rarescunt nubila, solvo, dissolve into the embrace of the earth, i. e. change into rain, Stat. S. 1, 2, 186:
ex Aethiopiae jugis solutas nives ad Nilum decurrere,
Sen. Q. N. 4, 2, 17; so,
nivem solvere,
id. ib. 4, 5, 2; Ov. Am. 3, 6, 93; Sen. Herc. Oet. 729:
rigor auri solvitur aestu,
Lucr. 1, 493:
ferrum calidi solvant camini,
Manil. 4, 250:
cerae igne solutae,
Ov. A. A. 2, 47:
Iris cum vino triduo non solvitur,
Plin. 21, 20, 83, § 142:
(herba) quinto die solvitur,
id. 26, 14, 88, § 148.—
(γ).
Of putrefaction:
(vitulo) per integram solvuntur viscera pellem,
Verg. G. 4, 302.—
(δ).
Of change in general:
inque novas abiit massa soluta domos,
Ov. F. 1, 108:
repentino crementur incendio, atque ex tanta varietate solvantur atque eant in unum omnia (sc. all the heavenly bodies),
Sen. Ben. 6, 22.—
(ε).
Of expansion by heat:
(uva) cum modo frigoribus premitur, modo solvitur aestu,
Ov. A. A. 2, 317.—
(ζ).
Hence, solvere, absol., to rarefy:
gravitas aeris solvitur,
Sen. Q. N. 5, 5, 1.—
(η).
Solvi in, to pass into, become:
in cacumine (herbae) capitula purpurea quae solvantur in lanugines,
Plin. 27, 8, 39, § 61.—Of a wave:
donec in planitiem immotarum aquarum solvatur,
disappears in, Sen. Q. N. 1, 2, 2:
postremi (equi) solvuntur in aequora pisces (= solvuntur in pisces),
Stat. Th. 2, 47: lumina in lacrimas solventur, stream with tears. —Hence, solvere, causative, to make pass over, to make vanish in: circulum in pulverem, in quo descriptus est, solvere, Sen. Ep. 74, 27: soluti agri, the boundaries of which are effaced, Sic. Fl. Cond. Agr. p. 3 Goes.—
4.
To consume, to destroy, dissolve:
solvere orbes,
Manil. 1, 497:
ni calor et ventus... interemant sensum diductaque solvant (i.e. sensum),
Lucr. 3, 287:
(Cato) ferrei prope corporis animique, quem ne senectus quidem, quae solvit omnia, fregerit,
Liv. 39, 40, 11:
si (cometae) sunt purus ignis... nec illos conversio mundi solvit,
Sen. Q. N. 7, 2, 2:
(turbo) ab eo motu, qui universum trahit, solveretur,
id. ib. 7, 9, 4:
tabes solvit corpora,
Luc. 6, 18; 7, 809:
nec solum silvas, sed saxa ingentia solvit (ignis),
id. 3, 506:
ne tegat functos humus, ne solvat ignis,
Sen. Thyest. 750.—So, vitam solvere, to extinguish life, esp. of gradual or easy death:
solvas potius (vitam), quam abrumpas, dummodo, si alia solvendi ratio non erit, vel abrumpas,
Sen. Ep. 22, 3:
hanc mihi solvite vitam,
Prop. 2, 9, 39.—
B.
Trop.
1.
To free, release, loose, emancipate, set free; constr. absol., with abl. or ab and abl.; rarely with gen.
a.
From the body, etc.:
teque isto corpore solvo,
Verg. A. 4, 703:
soluta corpore anima,
Quint. 5, 14, 13:
qui solutas vinculis animas recipit,
Sen. Cons. 28, 8: si animus somno relaxatus solute (i. e. free from the shackles of the body) moveatur ac libere, Cic. Div. 2, 48, 100:
vocem solvere,
to set free the voice, to speak, Stat. S. 3, 1; Sen. Thyest. 682; so, responsa solve (pregn. = utter and disclose), Sen. Oedip. 292:
suspiria solvit,
Stat. Th. 11, 604:
solvat turba jocos,
Sen. Med. 114:
solutos Qui captat risus hominum (= quem juvat risus hominum solvere),
Hor. S. 1, 4, 83:
Ausonii... versibus incomptis ludunt risuque soluto,
unrestrained, free, Verg. G. 2, 386.—
b.
Of members or parts of the body: linguam solvere, to unfetter the tongue (sc. vinculis oris), to give flow to words:
linguam (Juno) ad jurgia solvit,
Ov. M. 3, 261:
lingua devincta nec in motus varios soluta,
Sen. Ira, 1, 3, 7:
ut quisque contemptissimus est, ita linguae solutissimae est,
id. Const. 11, 3:
(fama) innumeras solvit in praeconia linguas,
Luc. 1, 472. —Solvere bracchia, poet., to unfetter the arms, i. e. to move them:
magna difficili solventem bracchia motu,
Stat. Achill. 1, 604; cf.
of the free motions of animals: columbae soluto volatu multum velociores,
unrestrained flight, Plin. 10, 36, 52, § 108.—
c.
From obligations and debts:
solvit me debito,
Sen. Ben. 6, 4, 1:
an nos debito solverit,
id. Ep. 81, 3:
ut religione civitas solvatur,
Cic. Caecin. 34, 98; Liv. 7, 3, 9:
te decem tauri... Me tener solvet vitulus (sc. religione),
Hor. C. 4, 2, 54.—So from a military oath:
hoc si impetro, solvo vos jurejurando,
Just. 14, 4, 7.—Sacramento or militia solvere, to dismiss a soldier from service:
sacramento solvi,
Tac. A. 16, 13:
cum quis propter delictum sacramento solvitur,
Dig. 49, 16, 13:
militia solvere,
Tac. A. 1, 44.— Munere (publico) solvere, to exempt from public duties:
ut Ilienses publico munere solverentur,
Tac. A. 12, 58.—With obj. inf.:
ut manere solveretur,
that he should be excused from the duty of remaining, Tac. A. 3, 29.—
d.
From guilt and sin, to acquit, absolve, cleanse (cf. absolvere, to acquit of crime):
si ille huic (insidias fecerit), ut scelere solvamur,
be held guiltless, Cic. Mil. 12, 31:
atque hunc ille summus vir scelere solutum periculo liberavit,
id. ib. 4, 9:
sit capitis damno Roma soluta mei,
Ov. F. 6, 452:
ipsum quoque Pelea Phoci Caede per Haemonias solvit Acastus aquas,
id. ib. 2, 40:
Helenen ego crimine solvo,
id. A. A. 2, 371:
quid crimine solvis Germanum?
Stat. Th. 11, 379:
solutam caede Gradivus manum restituit armis,
Sen. Herc. Fur. 1342. —
e.
From feelings, etc.:
quae eos qui quaesissent cura et negotio solverent,
Cic. Rep. 1, 18, 30:
cum ego vos solvi curis ceteris,
Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 33:
senatus cura belli solutus,
Plin. 22, 3, 4, § 7:
pectus linquunt cura solutum,
Lucr. 2, 45:
his terroribus ab Epicuro soluti et in libertatem vindicati,
Cic. N. D. 1, 20, 56:
soluti metu,
Liv. 41, 14 init.; 27, 51:
solvent formidine terras,
Verg. E. 4, 14:
solve metu patriam,
Prop. 4 (5), 6, 41:
metu belli Scythas solvit,
Just. 9, 2, 2; so id. 14, 2, 5:
haec est Vita solutorum misera ambitione,
Hor. S. 1, 6, 129:
soluti a cupiditatibus,
Cic. Agr. 1, 9, 27:
his concitationibus quem vacuum, solutum, liberum videris,
id. Tusc. 5, 15, 43: et tu solve me dementia, [p. 1726] Hor. Epod. 17, 43:
longo luctu,
Verg. A. 2, 26:
tristem juventam solve (i. e. juventam tristitia),
Sen. Hippol. 450:
solvite tantis animum monstris, solvite, superi,
id. Herc. Fur. 1063:
Quis te solvere Thessalis Magus venenis poterit?
Hor. C. 1, 27, 21. — Poet.:
solvit animis miracula (for animos miraculis),
the soul from superstition, Manil. 1, 103.—And of animals:
rabie tigrim,
Manil. 5, 707.— Absol.:
ut ad praecepta quae damus possit ire animus, solvendus est (i. e. perturbationibus),
Sen. Ep. 95, 38:
calices, quem non fecere contracta in paupertate solutum?
i. e. from cares, Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 20:
solvite animos,
Manil. 4, 12.—With in:
vix haec in munera solvo animum,
i. e. free it from passions and so make it fit for these duties, Stat. S. 5, 3, 33.—
f.
From sleep, very rare:
ego somno solutus sum,
awoke, Cic. Rep. 6, 26, 29 (cf.: somno solvi, to be overwhelmed by sleep, 2. b, g infra).—
g.
From labor, business, etc.:
volucres videmus... solutas opere volitare,
Cic. Or. 2, 6, 23:
solutus onere regio, regni bonis fruor,
Sen. Oedip. 685.— Poet.:
Romulus excubias decrevit in otia solvi,
to be relieved from guard and enjoy leisure, Prop. 4 (5), 4, 79.—
h.
From rigidity, austerity, stiffness, etc., to relax, smooth, unbend, quiet, soothe ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):
frontem solvere disce,
Mart. 14, 183:
saltem ora trucesque solve genas,
Stat. Th. 11, 373:
solvit feros tunc ipse rictus,
Sen. Herc. Fur. 797.— Poet.:
solvatur fronte senectus = frons senectute (i. e. rugis), solvatur,
be cleared, Hor. Epod. 13, 5:
vultum risu solvit,
relieves, Val. Max. 4, 3, 5:
risum judicis movendo, et illos tristes affectus solvit, et animum renovat,
Quint. 6, 3, 1; so,
solvere judicem,
unbend, excite his laughter, id. 11, 3, 3:
solvere qui (potui) Curios Fabriciosque graves (sc. risu),
Mart. 9, 28 (29), 4:
ut tamen arctum Solveret hospitiis animum,
Hor. S. 2, 6, 83:
cujus non contractum sollicitudine animum illius argutiae solvant?
Sen. Cons. Helv. 18, 5.— Transf., pregn.:
solventur risu tabulae,
i. e. the austerity of the judge will be relaxed by laughter, and the complaint dismissed, Hor. S. 2, 1, 86.—Imitated:
quia si aliquid omiserimus, cum risu quoque tota res solvitur,
Quint. 5, 10, 67.—
k.
From any cause of restraint.
(α).
To release from siege:
Bassanitas obsidione solvere,
Liv. 44, 30:
patriam obsidione solvere,
Val. Max. 3, 2, 2. —
(β).
From moral restraints:
hic palam cupiditates suas solvit,
gave vent to, Curt. 6, 6, 1; v. also P. a., B. 7. infra.—
l.
From laws and rules: legibus solvere.
(α).
To exempt from laws, i. e. by privilege:
Vopiscus, qui ex aedilitate consulatum petit, solvatur legibus,
Cic. Phil. 11, 5, 11:
cur M. Brutus legibus est solutus, si, etc.,
id. ib. 2, 13, 31:
ut interea magistratus reliquos, legibus omnibus soluti, petere possetis,
id. Agr. 2, 36, 99:
Lurco, tribunus plebis, solutus est (et lege Aelia et Furia),
id. Att. 1, 16, 13:
solvatne legibus Scipionem,
Auct. Her. 3, 2, 2:
petente Flacco ut legibus solverentur,
Liv. 31, 50, 8:
Scipio legibus solutus est,
id. Epit. 56:
Licet enim, inquiunt, legibus soluti sumus, attamen legibus vivimus,
Just. Inst. 2, 17, 8; cf.:
ut munere vigintiviratus solveretur,
Tac. A. 3, 29.— Transf., of the laws of nature, etc.:
(aestus) illo tempore, solutus legibus, sine modo fertur,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 28, 6:
solus (sapiens) generis humani legibus solvitur,
id. Brev. Vit. 15, 5:
nec leti lege solutas,
Lucr. 3, 687:
nec solvo Rutulos (i. e. legibus fati),
Verg. A. 10, 111.— With gen. (cf. libero), perh. only in phrase testamenti solvere, to release from a testamentary disposition:
et is per aes et libram heredes testamenti solveret,
Cic. Leg. 2, 20, 51; 2, 21, 53 (less prop. testamenti is taken as attribute of heredes); cf. Gai. Inst. 3, 175, and Hor. C. 3, 17, 16, P. a., B. 5. fin. infra.—
(β).
Legibus solutus, not subject to, released from:
reus Postumus est ea lege... solutus ac liber,
i. e. the law does not apply to him, Cic. Rab. Post. 5, 12:
soluti (lege Julia) huc convenistis, ne constricti discedatis cavete,
id. ib. 7, 18.—Of other laws:
solutus Legibus insanis,
Hor. S. 2, 6, 68:
quae sedes expectent animam solutam legibus servitutis humanae,
Sen. Ep. 65, 20.— Transf., of things: soluta legibus scelera sunt, unrestrained by the laws, i. e. crimes are committed with impunity, Sen. Ben. 7, 27, 1.— Of the laws of versification: numerisque fertur Lege solutis, referring to dithyrambic measures, Hor. C. 4, 2, 12 (cf. P. a., B. 11. infra).—
2.
To dissolve, separate objects which are united, to break up, dismiss.
(α).
Of troops, ranks, etc.:
ubi ordines procursando solvissent,
Liv. 42, 65, 8:
incomposito agmine, solutis ordinibus,
Curt. 8, 1, 5; so id. 8, 4, 6:
agmina Diductis solvere choris,
Verg. A. 5, 581:
solvit maniplos,
Juv. 8, 154:
solvuntur laudata cohors,
Stat. Achill. 2, 167.—Hence, to separate armies engaged in battle:
commissas acies ego possum solvere,
Prop. 4 (5), 4, 59.—
(β).
Of banquets, assemblies, etc.:
convivio soluto,
Liv. 40, 14 fin.:
convivium solvit,
Curt. 8, 5, 24; 8, 6, 16:
Quid cessas convivia solvere?
Ov. F. 6, 675:
coetuque soluto Discedunt,
id. M. 13, 898.—Hence, urbem (Capuam) solutam ac debilitatam reliquerunt, disfranchised, Cic. Agr. 2, 33, 91.—
(γ).
Of the words in discourse, orationem or versum solvere, to break up a sentence or verse:
(discant) versus primo solvere, mox mutatis verbis interpretari,
Quint. 1, 9, 2:
quod cuique visum erit vehementer, dulciter, speciose dictum, solvat ac turbet,
id. 9, 4, 14:
ut partes orationis sibi soluto versu desideret et pedum proprietates,
id. 1, 8, 13:
non, ut si solvas Postquam discordia tetra, etc., invenias etiam disjecti membra poetae,
Hor. S. 1, 4, 60.—
3.
Implying a change for the worse.
a.
To relax, make effeminate, weaken, by ease, luxury, dissipation, etc. (post-Aug.):
Hannibalem hiberna solverunt,
Sen. Ep. 51, 5:
usque eo nimio delicati animi languore solvuntur,
Sen. Brev. Vit. 12, 6:
infantiam statim deliciis solvimus,
Quint. 1, 2, 6:
solutus luxu,
id. 3, 8, 28; so Tac. A. 11, 31.—With in and acc.:
soluti in luxum,
Tac. H. 2, 99:
in lasciviam,
id. ib. 3, 38.— Transf.: versum solvere, to deprive a verse of its proper rhythm:
si quinque continuos dactylos confundas solveris versum,
Quint. 9, 4, 49.—
b.
To make torpid by removing sensation.
(α).
To relax, benumb the limbs or body;
as by narcotics, terror, sickness, exhaustion: multaque praeterea languentia membra per artus solvunt,
Lucr. 6, 798:
ima Solvuntur latera,
Verg. G. 3, 523:
solvi debilitate corporis,
paralyzed, Val. Max. 1, 7, 4:
ut soluto labitur moriens gradu,
Sen. Hippol. 368.—In mal. part., Hor. Epod. 12, 8; cf. Verg. G. 3, 523.— Poet.:
illum aget, penna metuente solvi, Fama superstes,
Hor. C. 2, 2, 7.—Of the mind:
segnitia (oratoris) solvit animos,
wearies, Quint. 11, 3, 52:
mentes solvere,
to make insane, Plin. 25, 3, 7, § 25.—
(β).
By frost ( poet.):
solvuntur illi frigore membra,
Verg. A. 12, 951; 1, 92.—
(γ).
By sleep ( poet. for sopio):
homines volucresque ferasque Solverat alta quies,
Ov. M. 7, 186:
corpora somnus Solverat,
id. ib. 10, 369:
molli languore solutus,
id. ib. 11, 648;
11, 612: altoque sopore solutum,
id. ib. 8, 817:
somno vinoque solutos,
id. F. 2, 333; Verg. A. 9, 236:
ut membra solvit sopor,
id. ib. 12, 867:
non solvit pectora somnus,
Sen. Agam. 76.—With in:
solvitur in somnos,
Verg. A. 4, 530.— Transf., of the sea:
aequor longa ventorum pace solutum,
lulled to sleep, Stat. Th. 3, 255.—
(δ).
By death: solvi, to die ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):
ipse deus, simulatque volam, me solvet,
Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 78:
corporibus quae senectus solvit,
Curt. 89, 32 (cf. A. 4. supra):
(corpus) quam nullo negotio solvitur,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 27, 2:
alius inter cenandum solutus est,
id. Ep. 66, 43:
ubicumque arietaveris, solveris,
id. Cons. Marc. 11, 3:
me fata maturo exitu facilique solvant,
Sen. Troad. 605:
solvi inedia,
Petr. 111:
sic morte quasi somno soluta est,
Flor. 2, 21, 11.—Hence,
4.
Of logical dissolution, to refute:
non tradit Epicurus quomodo captiosa solvantur,
how fallacies are refuted, Cic. Fin. 1, 7, 22:
argumentum solvere,
Quint. 2, 17, 34:
solutum scies quod nobis opponitur,
Sen. Const. 12, 3.—
b.
To disperse, dispel, as of a cloud:
deorum beneficia tempestiva ingentes minas interventu suo solventia,
Sen. Ben. 4, 4, 2.
II.
To loose, remove, cancel that which binds any thing.
A.
In a corporeal sense.
1.
In gen., to loose (weaker than rumpo;
post-Aug.): effringere quam aperire, rumpere quam solvere putant robustius,
Quint. 2, 12, 1:
qua convulsa tota operis colligatio solveretur,
Val. Max. 8, 14, 6:
supera compage soluta,
Stat. Th. 8, 31.—
2.
To remove a fetter, bridle, etc.:
nullo solvente catenas,
Ov. M. 3, 700: vincla jugis boum, Tib. 2, 1, 7:
solvere frenum,
Phaedr. 1, 2, 3:
loris solutis,
Ov. A. A. 1, 41.— Transf., of prisons:
qui, solutis ergastulis, exercitus numerum implevit,
Liv. Ep. 56; Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 10, 13; 11, 13, 2.—Of frost:
gelu solvitur,
it thaws, Tac. H. 1, 79:
solvitur acris hiems,
Hor. C. 1, 4, 1.—Of clouds:
facit igitur ventum resoluta nubes, quae plurimis modis solvitur,
Sen. Q. N. 5, 12, 5; 5, 12, 1.—Of the grasp of hands, fingers, etc.:
Aeacides a corpore bracchia solvit,
looses his hold, Ov. M. 11, 246:
indigno non solvit bracchia collo,
Stat. Th. 5, 217:
digitis solutis abjecit jaculum,
id. ib. 8, 585.—
3.
To untie a string, cord, necklace, etc., slacken or unlock an enclosure, open a box, trunk, etc.:
solve vidulum ergo,
Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 98:
eam solve cistulam,
id. Am. 2, 2, 151:
solve zonam,
untie, id. Truc. 5, 62:
solvisse jugalem ceston fertur,
Stat. Th. 5, 62:
animai nodos a corpore solvit,
Lucr. 2, 950:
nihil interest quomodo (nodi) solvantur,
Curt. 3, 1, 18:
quid boni est, nodos operose solvere, quos ipse ut solveres feceris?
Sen. Ben. 5, 12, 2:
solvere nodum,
Stat. Th. 11, 646:
laqueum quem nec solvere possis, nec abrumpere,
Sen. Tranq. 10, 1:
vix solvi duros a pectore nexus,
Ov. M. 9, 58:
fasciam solve,
Sen. Ep. 80, 10:
solutis fasciis,
Curt. 7, 6, 5:
solvi fasciculum,
Cic. Att. 11, 9, 2:
crinales vittas,
Verg. A. 7, 403:
Parmenion vinculum epistulae solvens,
Curt. 7, 2, 25:
equum empturus solvi jubes stratum,
Sen. Ep. 80, 9:
redimicula solvite collo,
Ov. F. 4, 135:
corollas de fronte,
Prop. 1, 3, 21:
solvere portas,
Stat. Th. 3, 492:
munimina valli,
id. ib. 12, 10:
ille pharetram Solvit,
Ov. M. 5, 380.— Transf., of the veins as enclosures of the blood:
solutis ac patefactis venis,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 15, 5:
venam cultello solvere,
Col. 6, 14; cf.
also: lychnis alvum solvit,
looses the bowels, Plin. 21, 26, 98, § 171; 21, 20, 83, § 140; Suet. Vesp. 24; Tac. A. 12, 67:
ventrem,
Plin. 20, 8, 30, § 74.— Absol. (sc. alvum), Mart. 13, 29:
stomachus solutus = venter solutus,
loose bowels, Petr. 117; Scrib. Comp. 92.—
B.
Trop., to slacken or remove a bond.
1.
Solvere aliquid (aliquod vinculum; cf. I. B. 1. supra).
a.
Of the mouth, etc., to open:
talibus ora solvit verbis,
Ov. M. 15, 74; so id. ib. 1, 181; Tib. 4, 5, 14:
ternis ululatibus ora Solvit,
Ov. M. 7, 191; 9, 427; id. Tr. 3, 11, 20; Stat. Achill. 1, 525:
vix ora solvi patitur etiamnum timor,
Sen. Herc. Oet. 725; so,
os promptius ac solutius,
Val. Max. 8, 7, ext. 1.— Transf., of an abyss:
hic ora solvit Ditis invisi domus,
Sen. Herc. Fur. 664.—
b.
To remove, cancel; to destroy the force of a legal or moral obligation by expiration, death, etc.:
si mors alterutrius interveniat, solvitur mandatum,
Gai. Inst. 3, 160:
cum aliquis renunciaverit societati, societas solvitur,
id. ib. 3, 151; so id. ib. 3, 152:
morte solvetur compromissum,
Dig. 4, 8, 27:
soluto matrimonio,
ib. 24, 3, 2:
solutum conjugium,
Juv. 9, 79:
qui... conjugalia solvit,
Sen. Med. 144:
nec conjugiale solutum Foedus in alitibus,
Ov. M. 11, 743:
(sapiens) invitus beneficium per compensationem injuriae solvet,
cancel the obligation of a favor by the set-off of a wrong, Sen. Ep. 81, 17.—
c.
To efface guilt or wrong:
magnis injuria poenis Solvitur,
Ov. F. 5, 304:
solve nefas, dixit: solvit et ille nefas,
id. ib. 2, 44:
culpa soluta mea est,
id. Tr. 4, 4, 10:
neque tu verbis solves unquam quod mi re male feceris (i. e. injuriam),
Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 10.—
d.
Poenam solvere, to suffer punishment, i. e. to cancel the obligation of suffering, etc. (cf. 3. infra;
less freq. than poenam persolvere, exsolvere): serae, sed justae tamen et debitae poenae solutae sunt,
Cic. Mil. 31, 85:
capite poenas solvit,
Sall. J. 69, 4:
meritas poenas solventem,
Curt. 6, 3, 14:
poenarum solvendi tempus,
Lucr. 5, 1224:
nunc solvo poenas,
Sen. Phoen. 172:
hac manu poenas tibi solvam,
id. Hippol. 1177.—
e.
To remove, relieve, soothe affections, passions, etc.:
atque animi curas e pectore solvat,
Lucr. 4, 908:
curam metumque juvat Dulci Lyaeo solvere,
Hor. Epod. 9, 38:
patrimonii cura solvatur,
Sen. Q. N. 3, praef. §
2: Pyrrhus impetus sui terrore soluto,
Val. Max. 4, 3, 14:
solvite corde metum,
Verg. A. 1, 562; so id. ib. 9, 90:
solve metus animo,
Stat. Th. 2, 356:
solvi pericula et metus narrant,
Plin. 11, 37, 52, § 140: neque adhuc Stheneleius iras Solverat Eurystheus, [p. 1727] Ov. M. 9, 274:
hoc uno solvitur ira modo,
id. A. A. 2, 460:
solvitque pudorem,
Verg. A. 4, 55.—
f.
Of sleep:
quasi clamore solutus Sit sopor,
Ov. M. 3, 6, 30:
nec verba, nec herbae audebunt longae somnum tibi solvere Lethes,
Luc. 6, 768; cf.:
lassitudinem solvere,
Plin. 37, 10, 54, § 143. —
g.
Of any checks and barriers to motion, to remove.
(α).
To raise a siege:
solutam cernebat obsidionem,
Liv. 36, 10, 14:
soluta obsidione,
id. 36, 31, 7:
ad Locrorum solvendam obsidionem,
id. 27, 28, 17; cf. id. 37, 7, 7; 38, 5, 6; 42, 56 init.; 44, 13, 7; Curt. 4, 4, 1; Tac. A. 4, 24; 4, 73; Just. 9, 2, 10.—
(β).
Of passions, etc., to remove restraint:
cujus si talis animus est, solvamus nos ejus vincula, et claustra (i. e. irae) refringamus,
Liv. 36, 7, 13.—
(γ).
To overthrow, subvert a higher authority, etc.:
quos (milites), soluto imperio, licentia corruperat,
Sall. J. 39, 5:
imperia solvit qui tacet, jussus loqui,
Sen. Oedip. 525:
sonipedes imperia solvunt,
id. Hippol. 1084; cf.:
sanctitas fori ludis solvitur,
Quint. 11, 3, 58.—
h.
Of laws and customs, to abolish, violate:
solvendarum legum id principium esse censebant (post-Aug. for dissolvendarum),
Curt. 10, 2, 5:
solutae a se legis monitus,
Val. Max. 6, 5, ext. 4:
cum plus quam ducentorum annorum morem solveremus,
Liv. 8, 4, 7:
(Tarquinius) morem de omnibus senatum consulendi solvit,
id. 1, 49, 7:
oportebat istum morem solvi,
Curt. 8, 8, 18.—
2.
Esp. with acc. of the bond, etc. (taking the place of the constr. I. B. 1. 2. 3. supra, when the abl. of separation is not admissible).
a.
To subvert discipline:
disciplinam militarem solvisti,
Liv. 8, 7, 16:
luxuria solutam disciplinam militarem esse,
id. 40, 1, 4:
quod cum, ne disciplina solveretur, fecisset,
Front. Strat. 2, 12, 2.—
b.
Of strength, energy, attention, etc., to loosen, impair, weaken, scatter, disperse:
nobilitas factione magis pollebat, plebis vis soluta atque dispersa,
Sall. J. 41, 6:
patrios nervos externarum deliciarum contagione solvi et hebetari noluerunt,
Val. Max. 2, 6, 1:
vires solvere,
Quint. 9, 4, 7:
vis illa dicendi solvitur, et frigescit affectus,
Quint. 11, 3, 133.—
c.
Of affection, etc., to sever, dissolve, destroy:
segnes nodum (amicitiae) solvere Gratiae,
Hor. C. 3, 21, 22;
similarly: solvit (ille deus) amicos,
Prop. 2, 34 (3, 32), 5; so id. 2, 15 (3, 7), 26:
hoc firmos solvit amores,
Ov. A. A. 2, 385:
amores cantibus et herbis solvere,
Tib. 1, 2, 60.—
d.
Of sickness and hunger, to end, remove:
vitex dicitur febres solvere,
Plin. 24, 9, 38, § 60:
solvit jejunia granis,
Ov. F. 4, 607:
quoniam jejunia virgo Solverat,
id. M. 5, 535; cf. Luc. 3, 282; so,
famem,
Sen. Thyest. 64.—
e.
To delay:
hi classis moras hac morte solvi rentur,
Sen. Troad. 1131.—
f.
Of darkness, to dispel:
lux solverat umbras,
Stat. Th. 10, 390.—
g.
Of war, strife, etc., to compose, settle:
aut solve bellum, mater, aut prima excipe,
Sen. Phoen. 406:
electus formae certamina solvere pastor,
Stat. Achill. 2, 337:
jurgia solvere,
Manil. 3, 115:
contradictiones solvere,
Quint. 7, 1, 38.—
h.
Of difficulties, riddles, questions, ambiguities, etc., to solve, explain, remove:
quia quaestionem solvere non posset,
Val. Max. 9, 12, ext. 3:
aenigmata,
Quint. 8, 6, 53:
omnes solvere posse quaestiones,
Suet. Gram. 11:
haec ipsa, quae volvuntur ab illis, solvere malim et expandere,
Sen. Ep. 82, 20; id. Q. N. 7, 14, 1:
unum tantum hoc solvendum est,
that one question, id. ib. 1, 7, 3:
puta nunc me istuc non posse solvere,
id. Ep. 48, 6:
carmina non intellecta Solverat,
Ov. M. 7, 760:
triste carmen alitis solvi ferae,
Sen. Oedip. 102:
nodos juris,
Juv. 8, 50:
proponere aliquid quod solvat quaestionem,
Quint. 5, 10, 96:
plurimas quaestiones illis probationibus solvi solere,
id. 1, 10, 49:
quo solvitur quaestio supra tractata,
id. 3, 7, 3:
ambiguitatem or amphiboliam,
id. 7, 2, 49; 7, 9, 10.—
3.
In partic., of obligations, to fulfil.
a.
To pay.
(α).
Originally, rem solvere, to free one's property and person (rem familiarem) from debts (solutio per aes et libram), according to the ancient formula:
quod ego tibi tot millibus condemnatus sum, me eo nomine... a te solvo liberoque hoc aere aeneaque libra,
Gai. Inst. 3, 174 Huschke; cf.:
inde rem creditori palam populo solvit (i. e. per aes et libram),
Liv. 6, 14, 5:
quas res dari, fieri, solvi oportuit,
id. 1, 32, 11. —Hence, rem solvere, to pay; often with dat. of person:
pro vectura rem solvit?
paid the freight, Plaut. As. 2, 4, 27:
ubi nugivendis res soluta'st omnibus,
id. Aul. 3, 5, 51:
tibi res soluta est recte,
id. Curc. 4, 3, 21:
ego quidem pro istac rem solvo ab tarpessita meo,
id. ib. 5, 2, 20:
rem solvo omnibus quibus dehibeo,
id. ib. 5, 3, 45:
dum te strenuas, res erit soluta,
id. Ps. 2, 2, 35:
res soluta'st, Gripe, ego habeo,
id. Rud. 5, 3, 57.— Trop.: saepe edunt (aves);
semel si captae sunt, rem solvont aucupi,
they repay him, pay for his expenses, Plaut. As. 1, 3, 66.—And to pay by other things than money:
si tergo res solvonda'st,
by a whipping, Plaut. As. 2, 2, 54:
habent hunc morem ut pugnis rem solvant si quis poscat clarius,
id. Curc. 3, 9:
tibi quidem copia'st, dum lingua vivet, qui rem solvas omnibus,
id. Rud. 2, 6, 74.—Hence,
(β).
Absol. (sc. rem), to pay; with or without dat. of person:
cujus bona, quod populo non solvebat, publice venierunt,
Cic. Fl. 18, 43:
ei cum solveret, sumpsit a C. M. Fufiis,
id. ib. 20, 46:
misimus qui pro vectura solveret,
id. Att. 1, 3, 2:
qui nimis cito cupit solvere, invitus debet,
Sen. Ben. 4, 40, 5:
ut creditori solvat,
Dig. 30, 1, 49, § 7.— Pass. impers.:
si dare vis mihi, Magis solutum erit quam ipsi dederis,
it will be a more valid payment, Plaut. Ps. 2, 2, 46:
numquam vehementius actum est quam me consule, ne solveretur,
to stop payments, Cic. Off. 2, 24, 84:
fraudandi spe sublata solvendi necessitas consecuta est,
id. ib. 2, 24, 84:
cum eo ipso quod necesse erat solvi, facultas solvendi impediretur,
Liv. 6, 34, 1.—Cf. in the two senses, to free from debt, and to pay, in the same sentence:
non succurrere vis illi, sed solvere. Qui sic properat, ipse solvi vult, non solvere,
Sen. Ben. 6, 27, 1.—
(γ).
With acc. of the debt, to discharge, to pay:
postquam Fundanio debitum solutum esset,
Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 3, § 10:
hoc quod debeo peto a te ut... solutum relinquas,
settled, id. Att. 16, 6, 3:
solverat Castricio pecuniam jam diu debitam,
id. Fl. 23, 54:
ex qua (pensione) major pars est ei soluta,
id. Att. 16, 2, 1:
solvi aes alienum Pompejus ex suo fisco jussit,
Val. Max. 6, 2, 11:
aes alienum solvere,
Sen. Ep. 36, 5:
quae jactatio est, solvisse quod debebas?
id. Ben. 4, 17, 1; so,
debitum solvere,
id. ib. 6, 30, 2:
ne pecunias creditas solverent,
Cic. Pis. 35, 86:
ut creditae pecuniae solvantur,
Caes. B. C. 3, 20; 3, 1:
ex thensauris Gallicis creditum solvi posse,
Liv. 6, 15, 5:
ita bona veneant ut solidum suum cuique solvatur,
Cic. Rab. Post. 17, 46.—And of moral debts:
cum patriae quod debes solveris,
Cic. Marcell. 9, 27:
debet vero, solvitque praeclare,
id. Phil. 13, 11, 25:
aliter beneficium, aliter creditum solvitur,
Sen. Ben. 2, 34, 1:
qui grate beneficium accipit, primam ejus pensionem solvit,
id. ib. 2, 22 fin. —
(δ).
By a confusion of construction, solvere pecuniam, etc., to pay money, etc. (for pecunia rem or debitum solvere); constr. with dat. or absol.:
emi: pecuniam solvi,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 20, § 43:
pro frumento nihil solvit,
id. ib. 2, 3, 72, §
169: legatis pecuniam pro frumento solvit,
Liv. 44, 16:
hanc pecuniam cum solvere in praesenti non posset,
Nep. Milt. 7, 6:
nisi pecuniam solvisset,
id. Cim. 1, 1:
condiciones pacis dictae ut decem millia talentum argenti... solverent,
Liv. 30, 37 med.:
pro quo (frumento) pretium solveret populus Romanus,
id. 36, 3, 1:
pretium servorum ex aerario solutum est dominis,
id. 32, 26, 14:
pretium pro libris domino esse solvendum,
id. 40, 39 fin.:
meritam mercedem,
id. 8, 22, 3; so id. 8, 11, 4: sorte creditum solvere, by paying the principal (i. e. without interest), id. 6, 36, 12:
quae praemia senatus militibus ante constituit, ea solvantur,
Cic. Phil. 14, 14, 38:
stipendium,
Liv. 28, 32, 1:
dotem mulieri,
Dig. 24, 3, 2:
litem aestimatam,
the amount of a fine, Nep. Cim. 5, 18 fin.:
arbitria funeris,
the expenses of the funeral, Cic. Red. Sen. 7, 18:
solvere dodrantem,
to pay seventy-five per cent., Mart. 8, 9, 1:
dona puer solvit,
paid the promised gifts, Ov. M. 9, 794; so,
munera,
id. ib. 11, 104.— Transf., of the dedication of a book, in return for favors:
et exspectabo ea (munera) quae polliceris, et erunt mihi pergrata si solveris... Non solvam nisi prius a te cavero, etc.,
Cic. Brut. 4, 17 sq. —Of the delivery of slaves:
si quis duos homines promise rit et Stichum solverit,
Dig. 46, 3, 67; 46, 3, 38, § 3.— Transf., poet.: dolorem solvisti, you have paid your grief, i. e. have duly mourned, Stat. S. 2, 6, 98.— Pass. with personal subject:
si (actor) solutus fuisset,
Dig. 12, 1, 31 (cf.: solvere militem, b supra). —
(ε).
Esp., in certain phrases, to pay:
aliquid praesens solvere,
to pay in cash, Cic. Att. 16, 2, 1; so,
aliquid de praesentibus solvere,
Sen. Ep. 97, 16:
solvere grates (= referre gratiam muneribus): Sulla solvit grates Dianae,
Vell. 2, 25:
quas solvere grates sufficiam?
Stat. S. 4, 2, 7: cum homo avarus, ut ea (beneficia) solveret sibi imperare non posset, etc., Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 12, 1; cf.: non dicimus reposuit beneficium aut solvit;
nullum nobis placuit quod aeri alieno convenit verbum,
Sen. Ep. 81, 9; but v. id. Ben. 2, 18, 5: in debitum solvere, to make a partial payment:
unum haec epistula in debitum solvet,
id. Ep. 7, 10: aliquid solvere ab aliquo (de aliqua re), to pay out of funds supplied by any one ( out of any fund):
Quintus laborat ut tibi quod debet ab Egnatio solvat,
Cic. Att. 7, 18, 4:
homines dicere, se a me solvere,
id. ib. 5, 21, 11:
(summa) erat solvenda de meo,
Plin. Ep. 2, 4, 2:
operas solvere alicui,
to work for somebody, Dig. 40, 7, 39: solvo operam Dianae, I work for Diana, i. e. offer a sacrifice to her, Afran. ap. Non. 12, 21: judicatum solvere, to pay the amount adjudged by the court, for which security (satisdatio) was required:
stipulatio quae appellatur judicatum solvi,
Gai. Inst. 4, 90:
iste postulat ut procurator judicatum solvi satisdaret,
Cic. Quint. 7, 29; so Dig. 3, 2, 28; 3, 3, 15; 2, 8, 8;
2, 8, 14 et saep.: auctio solvendis nummis,
a cash auction, Mart. 14, 35.— Gerund.: solvendo esse, to be solvent; jurid. t. t., to be able to pay, i. e. one's debts; cf.
in full: nec tamen solvendo aeri alieno respublica esset,
Liv. 31, 13:
nemo dubitat solvendo esse eum qui defenditur,
Dig. 50, 17, 105:
qui modo solvendo sint,
Gai. Inst. 1, 3, 121:
si solvendo sint,
Paul. Sent. 1, 20, 1:
nec interest, solvendo sit, necne,
Dig. 30, 1, 49, § 5; so ib. 46, 1, 10; 46, 1, 27, § 2; 46, 1, 51, §§ 1 and 4; 46, 1, 52, § 1; 46, 1, 28; 50, 17, 198 et saep.: non solvendo esse, to be insolvent:
solvendo non erat,
Cic. Att. 13, 10, 3:
cum solvendo civitates non essent,
id. Fam. 3, 8, 2:
tu nec solvendo eras, nec, etc.,
id. Phil. 2, 2, 4:
ne videatur non fuisse solvendo,
id. Off. 2, 22, 79;
and very freq. in the jurists.—So, trop.: quid matri, quid flebili patriae dabis? Solvendo non es,
Sen. Oedip. 941; cf.:
*non esse ad solvendum (i. e. able to pay),
Vitr. 10, 6 fin. —
b.
To fulfil the duty of burial.
(α).
Justa solvere; with dat. of the person:
qui nondum omnia paterno funeri justa solvisset,
who had not yet finished the burial ceremonies of his father, Cic. Rosc. Am. 8, 23:
justis defunctorum corporibus solutis,
Curt. 3, 12, 15:
proinde corpori quam primum justa solvamus,
id. 10, 6, 7:
ut justa soluta Remo,
Ov. F. 5, 452:
nunc justa nato solve,
Sen. Hippol. 1245.—
(β).
Exsequias, inferias or suprema solvere:
exsequiis rite solutis,
Verg. A. 7, 5:
cruor sancto solvit inferias viro,
Sen. Hippol. 1198:
solvere suprema militibus,
Tac. A. 1, 61.—
c.
Votum solvere, to fulfil a vow to the gods.
(α).
Alone:
vota ea quae numquam solveret nuncupavit,
Cic. Phil. 3, 4, 11:
quod si factum esset, votum rite solvi non posse,
Liv. 31, 9 fin.:
liberare et se et rempublicam religione votis solvendis,
id. 40, 44, 8:
placatis diis votis rite solvendis,
id. 36, 37 fin.:
petiit ut votum sibi solvere liceret,
id. 45, 44:
animosius a mercatore quam a vectore solvitur votum,
Sen. Ep. 73, 5:
vota pro incolumitate solvebantur,
Tac. A. 2, 69:
vota pater solvit,
Ov. M. 9, 707:
ne votum solvat,
Mart. 12, 91, 6; 8, 4, 2; Val. Max. 6, 9, 5 ext.; 1, 1, 8 ext. — Poet.:
voti debita solvere,
Ov. F. 5, 596; cf.
the abbrev. formula V. S. L. M. (voTVM SOLVIT LIBENS MERITO),
Inscr. Orell. 186; 1296 sq.:
V.S.A.L. (ANIMO LIBENTI),
ib. 2022 et saep.:
sacra solvere (=votum solvere),
Manil. 1, 427.—
(β).
With dat.:
ait sese Veneri velle votum solvere,
Plaut. Rud. prol. 60:
vota Jovi solvo,
Ov. M. 7, 652; 8, 153:
sunt vota soluta deae,
id. F. 6, 248:
dis vota solvis,
Sen. Ben. 5, 19, 4:
libamenta Veneri solvere (=votum per libamenta),
Just. 18, 5, 4.—
d.
Fidem solvere, to fulfil a promise (post-class. for fidem praestare, [p. 1728] exsolvere; cf.:
fidem obligatam liberare,
Suet. Claud. 9):
illi, ut fidem solverent, clipeis obruere,
Flor. 1, 1, 12;
similarly: et voti solverat ille fidem (=votum solverat),
Ov. F. 1, 642; but cf.: itane imprudens? tandem inventa'st causa: solvisti fidem, you have found a pretext to evade your promise (cf. II. A. 3.), Ter. And. 4, 1, 18: esset, quam dederas, morte soluta fides, by my death your promise to marry me would have been cancelled (cf. II. B. 1. 6.), Ov. H. 10, 78; similarly: suam fidem (i. e. quam Lepido habuerit) solutam esse, that his faith in Lepidus was broken, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 21, 3.—With a different construction: se depositi fide solvere, to acquit one's self of the duty to return property intrusted to him (cf. I. B. 1. c.), Val. Max. 7, 3, 5 ext.: factique fide data munera solvit, he freed the gift already given from the obligation of an accomplished fact, i. e. he revoked the gifts, although already made, Ov. M. 11, 135.—
e.
Promissum solvere, to fulfil a promise (very rare):
perinde quasi promissum solvens,
Val. Max. 9, 6, 1:
solvitur quod cuique promissum est,
Sen. Cons. Marc. 20 fin.;
similarly: solutum, quod juraverant, rebantur,
what they had promised under oath, Liv. 24, 18, 5.—Hence, sŏlūtus, a, um, P. a., free, loose, at large, unfettered, unbandaged.
A.
Lit.
1.
(Acc. to I.A. 1. supra.) Pigeat nostrum erum si eximat aut solutos sinat, Plaut. Capt. 2, 1, 11:
tibi moram facis quom ego solutus sto,
id. Ep. 5, 2, 25:
reus solutus causam dicis, testes vinctos attines,
id. Truc. 4, 3, 63:
cum eos vinciret quos secum habebat, te solutum Romam mittebat?
Cic. Deiot. 7, 22:
nec quisquam ante Marium solutus dicitur esse sectus,
unbandaged, id. Tusc. 2, 22, 53:
duos (captivos) solutos ire ad Hannibalem jussit,
Liv. 27, 51:
eum interdiu solutum custodes sequebantur, nocte clausum asservabant,
id. 24, 45, 10:
non efficiatis ut solutos verear quos alligatos adduxit,
Val. Max. 6, 2, 3.—
2.
(Acc. to I. A. 2.) Of texture, etc.; esp. of soil, loose, friable (opp spissus;
postAug.): quo solutior terra facilius pateat radicibus,
Sen. Ep. 90, 21;
ordeum nisi solutum et siccum locum non patitur,
Col. 2, 9:
soluta et facilis terra,
id. 3, 14;
solum solutum vel spissum,
id. 2, 2 init.;
seri vult raphanus terra soluta, umida,
Plin. 19, 5, 26, § 83:
hordeum seri non vult, nisi in sicca et soluta terra,
id. 18, 7, 18, § 79:
solutiores ripae,
Front. Aquaed. 15.—Of plants:
mas spissior, femina solutior,
Plin. 25, 9, 57, § 103.—Hence, subst.: sŏlūtum, i, n., a state of looseness:
dum vult describere, quem ad modum alia torqueantur fila, alia ex molli solutoque ducantur,
Sen. Ep. 90, 20.—
3.
(Acc. to I. A. 3.) Rarefied, thin, diffused:
turbo, quo celsior eo solutior laxiorque est, et ob hoc diffunditur,
Sen. Q. N. 7, 9, 3:
aer agitatus a sole calefactusque solutior est,
id. ib. 1, 2, 10:
debet aer nec tam spissus esse, nec tam tenuis et solutus, ut, etc.,
id. ib. 1, 2, 11.—
B.
Trop.
1.
(Acc. to I. B. 1.) Of speech, unfettered, fluent, ready:
(orator) solutus in explicandis sententiis,
Cic. Or. 47, 173:
verbis solutus satis,
id. ib. 47, 174:
solutissimus in dicendo,
id. ib. 48, 180.—
2.
Exempt, free from duties, obligations, etc.:
quam ob rem viderer maximis beneficii vinculis obstrictus, cum liber essem et solutus?
Cic. Planc. 30, 72:
soluta (praedia) meliore in causa sunt quam obligata,
unmortgaged, id. Agr. 3, 2, 9:
si reddidi (debitum), solutus sum ac liber,
Sen. Ben. 2, 18, 5;
non ut gratus, sed ut solutus sim,
id. ib. 4, 21, 3;
solutus omni fenore,
Hor. Epod. 2, 4;
nam ea (religione) magister equitum solutus ac liber potuerit esse,
Liv. 8, 32, 5:
Mamertini soli in omni orbe terrarum vacui, expertes soluti ac liberi fuerunt ab omni sumptu, molestia, munere,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 10, § 23.—
3.
Free from punishment, not punishable, not liable, etc.: qui mancipia vendunt, certiores faciunt emptores quis fugitivus sit, noxave solutus, Edict. Aedil. ap. Dig. 21, 1, 1, § 1; Gell. 4, 2, 1; cf.:
quod aiunt aediles noxae solutus non sit sic intellegendum est... noxali judicio subjectum non esse,
Dig. 21, 1, 17, § 17:
apud quos libido etiam permissam habet et solutam licentiam,
Cic. Rep. 4, 4, 4:
omne illud tempus habeat per me solutum ac liberum,
i. e. let the crimes then committed be unpunished, id. Verr. 2, 1, 12, § 33: antea vacuum id solutumque poena fuerat, Tac. A. 14, 28.—With subj. inf.:
maxime solutum fuit, prodere de iis, etc.,
Tac. A. 4, 35: solutum existimatur esse, alteri male dicere, Caecil. ap. Cic. Fam. 6, 7, 3.—
4.
Free from cares, undistracted:
animo soluto liberoque,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 75, § 185:
sed paulo solutiore tamen animo,
id. ib. 2, 5, 31, § 82.—
5.
At leisure, free from labor, business, etc.:
te rogo ut eum solutum, liberum, confectis ejus negotiis a te, quamprimum ad me remittas,
Cic. Fam. 13, 63, 2:
quo mea ratio facilior et solutior esse possit,
id. ib. 3, 5, 1.—With gen.:
Genium Curabis Cum famulis operum solutis,
Hor. C. 3, 17, 16.—
6.
Unbound, relaxed, merry, jovial:
quam homines soluti ridere non desinant, tristiores autem, etc.,
Cic. Dom. 39, 104:
an tu existimas quemquam soluto vultu et hilari oculo mortem contemnere?
Sen. Ep. 23, 4:
vultus,
Stat. Th. 5, 355:
(mores) naturam sequentium faciles sunt, soluti sunt,
unembarrassed, Sen. Ep. 122, 17.—
7.
Free from the rule of others, uncontrolled, independent:
cum videas civitatis voluntatem solutam, virtutem alligatam,
Cic. Att. 2, 18, 1:
ab omni imperio externo soluta in perpetuum Hispania,
Liv. 29, 1 fin.:
Masinissae ab imperio Romano solutam libertatem tribuit,
Val. Max. 7, 2, 6:
incerti, solutique, et magis sine domino quam in libertate, Vononem in regnum accipiunt,
Tac. A. 2, 4:
quorum (militum) libertas solutior erat,
Just. 13, 2, 2.—Of animals:
rectore solutos (solis) equos,
Stat. Th. 1, 219.—
8.
Free from influence or restraint; hence, independent, unbiassed, unprejudiced:
nec vero deus ipse alio modo intellegi potest, nisi mens soluta quaedam et libera,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 27, 66;
cum animi sine ratione motu ipsi suo soluto ac libero incitarentur,
id. Div. 1, 2, 4:
judicio senatus soluto et libero,
id. Phil. 5, 15, 41:
sum enim ad dignitatem in re publica solutus,
id. Att. 1, 13, 2:
libero tempore cum soluta vobis est eligendi optio,
id. Fin. 1, 10, 33:
si omnia mihi essent solutissima, tamen in re publica non alius essem atque nunc sum,
id. Fam. 1, 9, 21:
liberi enim ad causas solutique veniebant,
uncommitted, id. Verr. 2, 2, 78, § 192.—
9.
Free from moral restraint; hence, unbridled, insolent, loose:
amores soluti et liberi,
Cic. Rep. 4, 4, 4:
licentia,
id. ib. 4, 4, 4:
populi quamvis soluti ecfrenatique sint,
id. ib. 1, 34, 53:
quis erat qui sibi solutam P. Clodii praeturam sine maximo metu proponeret? Solutam autem fore videbatis, nisi esset is consul qui eam auderet possetque constringere,
id. Mil. 13, 34:
quominus conspectus, eo solutior erat,
Liv. 27, 31 fin.:
adulescentes aliquot quorum, in regno, libido solutior fuerat,
id. 2, 1, 2:
solutioris vitae primos adulescentiae annos egisse fertur,
a licentious life, Val. Max. 2, 6, 1:
spectandi solutissimum morem corrigere,
Suet. Aug. 44:
mores soluti,
licentious habits, Just. 3, 3, 10.—
10.
Regardless of rules, careless, loose:
orator tam solutus et mollis in gestu,
Cic. Brut. 62, 225:
dicta factaque ejus solutiora, et quandam sui neglegentiam praeferentia,
Tac. A. 16, 18.—
11.
Esp., of style, etc., free from rules of composition.
(α).
Oratio soluta, verba soluta, a free style, conversational or epistolary style:
est oratio aliqua vincta atque contexta, soluta alia, qualis in sermone et epistulis,
Quint. 9, 4, 19; 9, 4, 20; 9, 4, 69; 9, 4, 77.—
(β).
More freq.: verba soluta, oratio soluta, prose (opp. to verse);
in full: scribere conabar verba soluta modis, Ov Tr. 4, 10, 24: quod (Isocrates) verbis solutis numeros primus adjunxerit,
Cic. Or. 52, 174:
mollis est enim oratio philosophorum... nec vincta numeris, sed soluta liberius,
id. ib. 19, 64; 71, 234;
68, 228: si omnes soluta oratione scripserunt,
Varr. R. R. 4, 1; de heisce rebus treis libros ad te mittere institui;
de oratione soluta duos, de poetica unum,
id. L. L. 6, 11 fin.:
ut in soluta oratione, sic in poemateis,
id. ib. 7, 1:
primus (Isocrates) intellexit. etiam in soluta oratione, dum versum effugeres modum et numerum quemdam debere servari,
Cic. Brut. 8, 32:
Aristoteles judicat heroum numerum grandiorem quam desideret soluta oratio,
id. Or. 57, 192:
et creticus et paeon quam commodissume putatur in solutam orationem illigari,
id. ib. 64, 215:
a modis quibusdam, cantu remoto, soluta esse videatur oratio,
id. ib. 55, 183; 55, 184; id. de Or. 3, 48, 184: historia est quodammodo carmen solutum, Quint. 10, 1, 31.—
(γ).
Also in reference to a prose rhythm, loose, unrhythmical, inharmonious:
ut verba neque inligata sint, quasi... versus, neque ita soluta ut vagentur,
Cic. de Or. 3, 44, 176; 3, 48, 186:
nec vero haec (Callidii verba) soluta nec diffluentia, sed astricta numeris,
id. Brut. 79, 274:
orator sic illigat sententiam verbis ut eam numero quodam complectatur et astricto et soluto,
id. de Or. 3, 44, 175; but: verba soluta suis figuris, words freed from their proper meaning, i.e. metaphors, Manil. 1, 24.—
(δ).
Rarely with reference to the thought: soluta oratio, a fragmentary, disconnected style:
soluta oratio, et e singulis non membris, sed frustis, collata, structura caret,
Quint. 8, 5, 27; cf. id. 9, 4, 69:
solutiora componere,
id. 10, 4, 1; 9, 4, 15.—
12.
Effeminate, luxurious (acc. to I. B. 3.):
sinum togae in dextrum umerum reicere, solutum ac delicatum est,
Quint. 11, 3, 146.—
13.
Undisciplined, disorderly:
omnia soluta apud hostes esse,
Liv. 8, 30, 3:
nihil temeritate solutum,
Tac. A. 13, 40:
apud Achaeos neglecta omnia ac soluta fuere,
Just. 34, 2, 2.—
14.
Lax, remiss, weak:
mea lenitas adhuc si cui solutior visa erat,
Cic. Cat. 2, 12, 27:
Ciceronem male audivisse, tamquam solutum et enervem,
Tac. Or. 18:
soluti ac fluentes,
Quint. 1, 2, 8.—Hence:
solutum genus orationis,
a lifeless, dull style, Val. Max. 8, 10, 3:
quanto longius abscederent, eo solutiore cura,
laxer attention, Liv. 3, 8, 8.—
C.
(Acc. to II. B. 3. e supra.) Paid, discharged, only as subst.: sŏlūtum, i, n., that which is paid, a discharged debt, in certain phrases:
aliquid in solutum dare,
to give something in payment, Dig. 46, 3, 45; 46, 3, 46; 46, 3, 60: in solutum accipere, to accept in payment:
qui voluntatem bonam in solutum accipit,
Sen. Ben. 7, 16, 4:
qui rem in solutum accipit,
Dig. 42, 4, 15; 12, 1, 19;
in solutum imputare,
to charge as payment, Sen. Ep. 8, 10; aliquid pro soluto est, is considered as paid or cancelled:
pro soluto id in quo creditor accipiendo moram fecit, oportet esse,
Dig. 46, 3, 72: pro soluto usucapere, to acquire by prescription something given in payment by the debtor, but not belonging to him:
pro soluto usucapit qui rem debiti causa recepit,
Dig. 41, 3, 46.— Adv.: sŏlūtē.
1.
Thinly:
corpora diffusa solute,
Lucr. 4, 53.—
2.
Of speech, fluently:
non refert videre quid dicendum est, nisi id queas solute ac suaviter dicere,
Cic. Brut. 29, 110:
ita facile soluteque volvebat sententias,
id. ib. 81, 280:
quid ipse compositus alias, et velut eluctantium verborum, solutius promptiusque eloquebatur,
Tac. A. 4, 31.—
3.
Irregularly, loosely:
a fabris neglegentius solutiusque composita,
Sen. Q. N. 6, 30, 4.—
4.
Freely, without restraint:
generaliter puto judicem justum... solutius aequitatem sequi,
i. e. without strictly regarding the letter of the law, Dig. 11, 7, 14, § 13.—
5.
Of style, without connection, loosely:
enuntiare,
Quint. 11, 2, 47.—
6.
Of manners and discipline, disorderly, negligently:
praecipue sub imperio Cn. Manlii solute ac neglegenter habiti sunt (exercitus),
Liv. 39, 1, 4:
in stationibus solute ac neglegenter agentes,
id. 23, 37, 6.—
7.
Weakly, tamely, without vigor:
quod ille tam solute egisset, tam leniter, tam oscitanter,
Cic. Brut. 80, 277.—
8.
Of morals, loosely, without restraint:
ventitabat illuc Nero, quo solutius urbem extra lasciviret,
Tac. A. 13, 47.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > solvo
43 alienus [1]

1. aliēnus, a, um (alius), Adi. m. Compar. u. Superl., in vielen Bedeutungen dem gr. ἀλλότριος entsprechend (vgl. Passows gr. Wörterb. in v.), einem andern, gehörig, -eigen, fremd (Ggstz. meus, tuus, suus, proprius), I) eig.: 1) im allg.: puer, Ter.: servus, Quint.: coniunx, Hor.: aedes (Plur.), Ter.: domus, Cic.: pecuniae, Cic.: aes alienum, fremdes, entlehntes Geld, Schulden (s. aes no. II, B, 2, a), Cic.: nomina, fremde, von andern gemachte Schulden, Sall.: mos, Ter.: opes, Cic.: pavor, fremde, d.i. der andern Furcht, Liv.: aber metu alieno, aus Furcht vor andern, Ter.: alienis pedibus ambulare, Plin.: edicta alieno formare ingenio, Suet.: cum aliena est oratio, wenn ein anderer das Wort hat, Plaut.: alienis mensibus aestas, in fremden Monaten (d.i. in den Wintermonaten), Verg. – sternitur infelix alieno vulnere, durch die einem andern zugedachte Wunde, Verg. – m. Dat., sacerdotium genti conditoris haud alienum, Liv. 1, 20, 3. – subst., aliēnum, ī, n., a) fremdes Gut od. Eigentum (Ggstz. suum), alieni appetens, sui profusus, Sall.: largiri ex alieno, auf anderer Kosten Freigebigkeit üben, Cic., de alieno, Liv. u. Iustin.: ex alieno praedari, Liv. – b) f remder Grund u. Boden, in alieno aedificium exstruere, Cic.: furor aliena vastandi, Sen.: aliena pervadere molienti, fremdes Gebiet (im Ggstz. zum römischen), Amm. – c) fremde Angelegenheit, qui negat quicquam deos nec alieni curare nec sui? Cic. de div. 2, 104: u. so Plur. = fremde Angelegenheiten, fremde Interessen, aliena curare, Ter. heaut. 76: aliena diiudicare, ibid. 504. – 2) insbes.: a) jmdm. seiner Familie od. seiner Person od. seiner Heimat nach fremd, α) der Familie, Verwandtschaft od. Person nach fremd, fernstehend, jmd. nichts angehend, ihm nicht verwandt, nicht angehörig (Ggstz. meus, tuus, suus u. propinquus, affinis, sanguine coniunctus, amicus, familiaris, familiaris et necessarius), absol., ille si me alienus affinem volet, Ter.: heres alienior, Cic.: homines alienissimi, wildfremde, Cic. Phil. 10, 10. – m. Dat., non alienus sanguine regibus, Liv.: mihi non alienus, Fronto. – m. ab u. Abl., humani nihil a me alienum puto, Ter. heaut. 77: alienissimus a Clodio, Cic. – u. (wie ἀλλότριος) m. Genet. (s. Deder. Dict. 2, 5), non alieni generis sui, Dict.: non alienus Pelei, Dict. – subst., aliēnus, ī, m., der Fremde, cives potiores quam peregrini, propinqui quam alieni, Cic.: in longinquos in propinquos, in alienos in suos irruebat, Cic.: neu malis alienos adiungere, quam sanguine coniunctos retinere, Sall.: etiam alienissimis in capitis periculis amicissimorum officia et studia praestamus, Cic.: se suaque omnia alienissimis crediderunt, wildfremden Leuten, Caes. b.G. 6, 31, 4. – β) der Heimat nach jmdm. fremd, ausländisch, Graeca nomina aut aliena, Plin.: arbor ex alieno petita orbe, Plin.: domi atque in patria mallem, quam in externis atque alienis locis, Cic. – v. Pers. subst., aliēnus, ī, m., der Fremde, der Ausländer, tot linguae, tanta loquendi varietas, ut externus alieno paene non sit hominis vice, Plin.: hic apud me cenant alieni novem, Plaut. – b) dem Körper od. dem Geiste fremd, entfremdet, α) dem Körper, abgestorben quantum eius (ossis) alienum est, Scrib. 201. – β) dem Geiste, verwirrt, verrückt, facient alienos, deliros, Firm. math. 3, 6. – c) der physischen Beschaffenheit nach fremdartig, widrig, fit quoque, ut (nebula) in nostrum cum venit denique caelum, corrumpat reddatque sui simile atque alienum (uns widrig), Lucr.: alienus odor opplet nares, Varr. – neutr. plur. aliena subst., das Fremdartige, der fremdartige Stoff (= das aus der Mischung fremdartiger Bestandteile entstandene Trübe des Weines), Hor. sat. 2, 4, 57. – II) übtr.: a) v. Pers.: α) der Meinung, Ansicht nach einem andern gleichs. angehörig, von einem andern abhängig, nicht selbständig, nicht auf eigenen Füßen stehend (Ggstz. suus), in physicis totus alienus est, Cic. de fin. 1, 17. – β) der Gesinnung, Denkart, Neigung u. Lebensart nach einer Person od. Sache fremd, entfremdet, abgeneigt, nicht befreundet, feindselig, verfeindet, gegen sie ungünstig gestimmt, gleichgültig (Ggstz. amicus, familiaris, coniunctus), voluntates populi, Cic.: homo, Cic.: ex alienissimis sociis amicissimos reddere, Cic.: neque solum illis aliena mens erat, nicht bloß bei jenen herrschte eine feindselige Gesinnung, Sall. – m. ab u. Abl., alienus ab alqo od. ab alqa re animus, Cic.: si est a me alienior, Cic.: homo non alienus a litteris, ein des Schriftwesens nicht unkundiger (im Schriftwesen nicht unbewanderter) Mann (zugleich mit dem Doppelsinn: ein dem Brieftragen nicht fremder M.), Cic.: numquam a poëtice alienus fui, Plin. ep. – m. Dat., alienus alci animus (Ggstz. animus in alqm pronior), Tac.: ambitioni alienus Ggstz. familiaris otio et litteris), Sen.: domus his aliena malis, solcherlei Ränken (Getreibe) abgeneigt, Hor. – m. Genet. (s. die Auslgg. zu Ov. fast. 1, 196), domus non aliena consilii, dem Pl. nicht fremd, dem Pl. befreundet, Sall.: ioci non alienus, kein Feind vom Scherz, Ov. – subst., vel alienissimus rusticae vitae, auch der abgesagteste Feind des Landlebens, Col. 3, 21, 3. – b) v. Lebl. (konkr. u. abstr. Ggstdn.), fremd, fremdartig, dem eigenen Wesen od. der Beschaffenheit, dem Zustande, dem Zwecke, den Verhältnissen nicht entsprechend, widerstrebend, ungewohnt, ungeeignet, ungehörig. unpassend, unangemessen, unzuträglich, nachteilig, mit etw. unvereinbar, α) absol.: malis ridere alienis, mit verstellten Mienen, mephistophelesartig, höhnisch lachen, Hor. sat. 2, 3, 72 (u. dazu Krüger u. Fritzsche): alieno gaudia vultu semper erant, das Weinen war dir näher als das Lachen, Val. Flacc. 8, 164. – hanc rem tractare non alieno loco videor, Quint. – alieno loco (Gelände) proelium committere, Caes. – alienā, alieniore aetate, Plaut. u. Ter.: alieno tempore, zur Unzeit, Cic. u. Liv. (Ggstz. suo tempore, Varr.). – suo alienoque Marte pugnare, nach gewohnter u. ungewohnter Art, Liv. – aliena verba, uneigentliche (Ggstz. propria). Cic.; u. verb. translata et aliena verba, Cic. (vgl. Cic. de or. 3, 157 u. or. 80): cetera ex prosae orationis usu alieniora praetermisimus, Gell. – u. non alienum est m. folg. Infinit., es ist nicht unzweckmäßig, unzuträglich (s. Heusinger Cic. off. 1, 8), sponte vomere non alienum est, Cels.: u. so sed non alienum est (es ist nicht ungehörig, ungeeignet) rationem huius verbi faciendi Zenonis exponere, Cic.: non alienum esse videtur proponere de etc., Caes.: cuius victoriae non alienum videtur quale praemium sit tributum docere, Nep.: non alienum esse arbitror breviter explicare, quae mihi sit ratio etc., Cic. – neutr. plur. subst. = nicht zur Sache Gehöriges, Fremdartiges, Ungehöriges, aliena ac nihil profutura petere, Sall.: aliena dicere (Ggstz. dicere quod causae prosit), Cic.: aliena loqui, Ungehöriges schwatzen, Unsinn reden (v. Wahnsinnigen). Cels. u. Ov. – β) m. ab u. Abl.: navigationis labor alienus non ab aetate solum nostra, verum etiam a dignitate, Cic.: dolor (est) motus asper in corpore alienus a sensibus, dem Gefühle widerstrebend, Cic.: sententia non crudelis, sed aliena a re publica nostra, Sall. – γ) m. bl. Abl.: aut suā personā aut tempore alienum, Cic.: alienum sibi videri dignitate imperii, Cic.: illud autem alterum alienum esse existimatione meā Cibyratas imperio meo publice venari, Cic.: indignum et alienum maiestate populi Romani videtur m. folg. Akk. u. Infin., Val. Max. – δ) m. Dat.: cibi stomacho non alieni (nicht unzuträgliche), Cels.: alienissimo sibi loco, contra opportunissimo hostibus conflixit, Nep.: exemplum temporibus suis accommodatissimum, meis alienissimum rationibus, Cic.: quod maxime huic causae est alienum, Cic. – u. zugl. m. folg. Infin., moveri et ambulare nisi sanis alienum est, Cels.: non putavi alienum esse meis institutis haec ad te scribere, Cic. – ε) m. Genet, (s. die Auslegg. zu Ov. fast. 1, 196), aliarum rerum aliena, unvereinbar mit andern Erscheinungen, beispiellos, Lucr.: omnia quae essent aliena firmae et constantis assensionis a virtute sapientiaque removit, Cic. – u. zugl. m. folg. Infin., quis alienum putet eius esse dignitatis, quam mihi quisque tribuit, quid in omni munere vitae optimum et verissimum sit exquirere, Cic. – ζ) m. ad u. Akk.: nihil mihi turpius apud homines fuisset, neque vero ad istam ipsam ἀσφάλειαν quicquam alienius (zweckwidriger), Cic. ad Att. 2, 19, 4: ad committendum proelium alienum esse tempus arbitratus, Caes. b.G. 4, 34, 2: omnium autem rerum nec aptius est quicquam ad opes tuendas quam diligi, nec alienius quam timeri, Cic. de off. 2, 23.

lateinisch-deutsches > alienus [1]

44 alienus

1. aliēnus, a, um (alius), Adi. m. Compar. u. Superl., in vielen Bedeutungen dem gr. ἀλλότριος entsprechend (vgl. Passows gr. Wörterb. in v.), einem andern, gehörig, -eigen, fremd (Ggstz. meus, tuus, suus, proprius), I) eig.: 1) im allg.: puer, Ter.: servus, Quint.: coniunx, Hor.: aedes (Plur.), Ter.: domus, Cic.: pecuniae, Cic.: aes alienum, fremdes, entlehntes Geld, Schulden (s. aes no. II, B, 2, a), Cic.: nomina, fremde, von andern gemachte Schulden, Sall.: mos, Ter.: opes, Cic.: pavor, fremde, d.i. der andern Furcht, Liv.: aber metu alieno, aus Furcht vor andern, Ter.: alienis pedibus ambulare, Plin.: edicta alieno formare ingenio, Suet.: cum aliena est oratio, wenn ein anderer das Wort hat, Plaut.: alienis mensibus aestas, in fremden Monaten (d.i. in den Wintermonaten), Verg. – sternitur infelix alieno vulnere, durch die einem andern zugedachte Wunde, Verg. – m. Dat., sacerdotium genti conditoris haud alienum, Liv. 1, 20, 3. – subst., aliēnum, ī, n., a) fremdes Gut od. Eigentum (Ggstz. suum), alieni appetens, sui profusus, Sall.: largiri ex alieno, auf anderer Kosten Freigebigkeit üben, Cic., de alieno, Liv. u. Iustin.: ex alieno praedari, Liv. – b) f remder Grund u. Boden, in alieno aedificium exstruere, Cic.: furor aliena vastandi, Sen.: aliena pervadere molienti, fremdes Gebiet (im Ggstz. zum römischen), Amm. – c) fremde

————

Angelegenheit, qui negat quicquam deos nec alieni curare nec sui? Cic. de div. 2, 104: u. so Plur. = fremde Angelegenheiten, fremde Interessen, aliena curare, Ter. heaut. 76: aliena diiudicare, ibid. 504. – 2) insbes.: a) jmdm. seiner Familie od. seiner Person od. seiner Heimat nach fremd, α) der Familie, Verwandtschaft od. Person nach fremd, fernstehend, jmd. nichts angehend, ihm nicht verwandt, nicht angehörig (Ggstz. meus, tuus, suus u. propinquus, affinis, sanguine coniunctus, amicus, familiaris, familiaris et necessarius), absol., ille si me alienus affinem volet, Ter.: heres alienior, Cic.: homines alienissimi, wildfremde, Cic. Phil. 10, 10. – m. Dat., non alienus sanguine regibus, Liv.: mihi non alienus, Fronto. – m. ab u. Abl., humani nihil a me alienum puto, Ter. heaut. 77: alienissimus a Clodio, Cic. – u. (wie ἀλλότριος) m. Genet. (s. Deder. Dict. 2, 5), non alieni generis sui, Dict.: non alienus Pelei, Dict. – subst., aliēnus, ī, m., der Fremde, cives potiores quam peregrini, propinqui quam alieni, Cic.: in longinquos in propinquos, in alienos in suos irruebat, Cic.: neu malis alienos adiungere, quam sanguine coniunctos retinere, Sall.: etiam alienissimis in capitis periculis amicissimorum officia et studia praestamus, Cic.: se suaque omnia alienissimis crediderunt, wildfremden Leuten, Caes. b.G. 6, 31, 4. – β) der Heimat nach jmdm. fremd, ausländisch, Graeca nomina aut aliena, Plin.:

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arbor ex alieno petita orbe, Plin.: domi atque in patria mallem, quam in externis atque alienis locis, Cic. – v. Pers. subst., aliēnus, ī, m., der Fremde, der Ausländer, tot linguae, tanta loquendi varietas, ut externus alieno paene non sit hominis vice, Plin.: hic apud me cenant alieni novem, Plaut. – b) dem Körper od. dem Geiste fremd, entfremdet, α) dem Körper, abgestorben quantum eius (ossis) alienum est, Scrib. 201. – β) dem Geiste, verwirrt, verrückt, facient alienos, deliros, Firm. math. 3, 6. – c) der physischen Beschaffenheit nach fremdartig, widrig, fit quoque, ut (nebula) in nostrum cum venit denique caelum, corrumpat reddatque sui simile atque alienum (uns widrig), Lucr.: alienus odor opplet nares, Varr. – neutr. plur. aliena subst., das Fremdartige, der fremdartige Stoff (= das aus der Mischung fremdartiger Bestandteile entstandene Trübe des Weines), Hor. sat. 2, 4, 57. – II) übtr.: a) v. Pers.: α) der Meinung, Ansicht nach einem andern gleichs. angehörig, von einem andern abhängig, nicht selbständig, nicht auf eigenen Füßen stehend (Ggstz. suus), in physicis totus alienus est, Cic. de fin. 1, 17. – β) der Gesinnung, Denkart, Neigung u. Lebensart nach einer Person od. Sache fremd, entfremdet, abgeneigt, nicht befreundet, feindselig, verfeindet, gegen sie ungünstig gestimmt, gleichgültig (Ggstz. amicus, familiaris, coniunctus), voluntates populi, Cic.: homo,

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Cic.: ex alienissimis sociis amicissimos reddere, Cic.: neque solum illis aliena mens erat, nicht bloß bei jenen herrschte eine feindselige Gesinnung, Sall. – m. ab u. Abl., alienus ab alqo od. ab alqa re animus, Cic.: si est a me alienior, Cic.: homo non alienus a litteris, ein des Schriftwesens nicht unkundiger (im Schriftwesen nicht unbewanderter) Mann (zugleich mit dem Doppelsinn: ein dem Brieftragen nicht fremder M.), Cic.: numquam a poëtice alienus fui, Plin. ep. – m. Dat., alienus alci animus (Ggstz. animus in alqm pronior), Tac.: ambitioni alienus Ggstz. familiaris otio et litteris), Sen.: domus his aliena malis, solcherlei Ränken (Getreibe) abgeneigt, Hor. – m. Genet. (s. die Auslgg. zu Ov. fast. 1, 196), domus non aliena consilii, dem Pl. nicht fremd, dem Pl. befreundet, Sall.: ioci non alienus, kein Feind vom Scherz, Ov. – subst., vel alienissimus rusticae vitae, auch der abgesagteste Feind des Landlebens, Col. 3, 21, 3. – b) v. Lebl. (konkr. u. abstr. Ggstdn.), fremd, fremdartig, dem eigenen Wesen od. der Beschaffenheit, dem Zustande, dem Zwecke, den Verhältnissen nicht entsprechend, widerstrebend, ungewohnt, ungeeignet, ungehörig. unpassend, unangemessen, unzuträglich, nachteilig, mit etw. unvereinbar, α) absol.: malis ridere alienis, mit verstellten Mienen, mephistophelesartig, höhnisch lachen, Hor. sat. 2, 3, 72 (u. dazu Krüger u. Fritzsche): ali-

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eno gaudia vultu semper erant, das Weinen war dir näher als das Lachen, Val. Flacc. 8, 164. – hanc rem tractare non alieno loco videor, Quint. – alieno loco (Gelände) proelium committere, Caes. – alienā, alieniore aetate, Plaut. u. Ter.: alieno tempore, zur Unzeit, Cic. u. Liv. (Ggstz. suo tempore, Varr.). – suo alienoque Marte pugnare, nach gewohnter u. ungewohnter Art, Liv. – aliena verba, uneigentliche (Ggstz. propria). Cic.; u. verb. translata et aliena verba, Cic. (vgl. Cic. de or. 3, 157 u. or. 80): cetera ex prosae orationis usu alieniora praetermisimus, Gell. – u. non alienum est m. folg. Infinit., es ist nicht unzweckmäßig, unzuträglich (s. Heusinger Cic. off. 1, 8), sponte vomere non alienum est, Cels.: u. so sed non alienum est (es ist nicht ungehörig, ungeeignet) rationem huius verbi faciendi Zenonis exponere, Cic.: non alienum esse videtur proponere de etc., Caes.: cuius victoriae non alienum videtur quale praemium sit tributum docere, Nep.: non alienum esse arbitror breviter explicare, quae mihi sit ratio etc., Cic. – neutr. plur. subst. = nicht zur Sache Gehöriges, Fremdartiges, Ungehöriges, aliena ac nihil profutura petere, Sall.: aliena dicere (Ggstz. dicere quod causae prosit), Cic.: aliena loqui, Ungehöriges schwatzen, Unsinn reden (v. Wahnsinnigen). Cels. u. Ov. – β) m. ab u. Abl.: navigationis labor alienus non ab aetate solum nostra, verum etiam a dignitate, Cic.: dolor

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(est) motus asper in corpore alienus a sensibus, dem Gefühle widerstrebend, Cic.: sententia non crudelis, sed aliena a re publica nostra, Sall. – γ) m. bl. Abl.: aut suā personā aut tempore alienum, Cic.: alienum sibi videri dignitate imperii, Cic.: illud autem alterum alienum esse existimatione meā Cibyratas imperio meo publice venari, Cic.: indignum et alienum maiestate populi Romani videtur m. folg. Akk. u. Infin., Val. Max. – δ) m. Dat.: cibi stomacho non alieni (nicht unzuträgliche), Cels.: alienissimo sibi loco, contra opportunissimo hostibus conflixit, Nep.: exemplum temporibus suis accommodatissimum, meis alienissimum rationibus, Cic.: quod maxime huic causae est alienum, Cic. – u. zugl. m. folg. Infin., moveri et ambulare nisi sanis alienum est, Cels.: non putavi alienum esse meis institutis haec ad te scribere, Cic. – ε) m. Genet, (s. die Auslegg. zu Ov. fast. 1, 196), aliarum rerum aliena, unvereinbar mit andern Erscheinungen, beispiellos, Lucr.: omnia quae essent aliena firmae et constantis assensionis a virtute sapientiaque removit, Cic. – u. zugl. m. folg. Infin., quis alienum putet eius esse dignitatis, quam mihi quisque tribuit, quid in omni munere vitae optimum et verissimum sit exquirere, Cic. – ζ) m. ad u. Akk.: nihil mihi turpius apud homines fuisset, neque vero ad istam ipsam ἀσφάλειαν quicquam alienius (zweckwidriger), Cic. ad Att. 2, 19, 4: ad committendum

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proelium alienum esse tempus arbitratus, Caes. b.G. 4, 34, 2: omnium autem rerum nec aptius est quicquam ad opes tuendas quam diligi, nec alienius quam timeri, Cic. de off. 2, 23.

Ausführliches Lateinisch-deutsches Handwörterbuch > alienus

45 aecus

aequus ( aecus, Pac. 32 Rib.; Lucr. 5, 1023 Lachm. and Munro; AIQVOS, S. C. de Bacch. 1. 26), a, um, adj. [formerly referred to EIKÔ, eoika, but Pott connects it with Sanscr. ēka = one, as if properly, one and uniform; others consider it as akin to aemulor, q. v.].
I.
A.. Of place, that extends or lies in a horizontal direction, plain, even, level, flat (esp. freq. in the strategic descriptions of the histt.;
syn.: planus, aequalis, aequabilis, par, similis, justus): locus ad libellam aequus,
level, Varr. R. R. 1, 6 fin.:
aequus et planus locus,
Cic. Caec. 17 fin.:
in aequum locum se demittere,
Caes. B. G. 7, 28: legio, quae paulo aequiore loco constiterat, id. ib. 7, 51:
in aequum locum deducere,
Sall. J. 42 (cf. in Gr. eis to isoW katabainein, Xen. Anab. 4, 6, 18).— Trop.:
sive loquitur ex inferiore loco sive aequo sive ex superiore,
i. e. before the judges, sitting on raised seats, or in the Senate, or in the assembly of the people from the rostra, Cic. de Or. 3, 6, 23:
meos multos et ex superiore et ex aequo loco sermones habitos cum tuā summā laude,
from the tribune, and on private matters, id. Fam. 3, 8.—In the histt., sometimes subst.: aequum, i, n., with a gen., level ground, a plain:
facilem in aequo campi victoriam fore,
Liv. 5, 38:
ut primum agmen aequo, ceteri per acclive jugum insurgerent,
Tac. Agr. 35:
in aequum digredi,
id. ib. 18:
in aequo obstare,
id. ib. 36; id. H. 4, 23.—Also, an eminence, if it rises without inequalities:
dum Romanae cohortes in aequum eniterentur,
up the slope, Tac. A. 2, 80.—As a level place is more favorable for military operations than an uneven one, aequus has the signif.,
B.
Favorable, convenient, advantageous (as its opp., iniquus, uneven, has that of unfavorable, etc.).
1.
Of place:
locum se aequum ad dimicandum dedisse,
Caes. B. C. 3, 73:
etsi non aequum locum videbat suis,
Nep. Milt. 5, 4:
non hic silvas nec paludes, sed aequis locis aequos deos,
Tac. A. 1, 68. —
2.
Of time: judicium aequiore tempore fieri oportere, more propitious, Cic. Corn. Fragm. ap. Ascon. p. 72:
et tempore et loco aequo,
Liv. 26, 3:
tempore aequo,
Suet. Caes. 35.—
3.
In gen., of persons or things (freq. and class.), favorable, kind, friendly, benevolent, etc.; constr. absol. with dat., or in and acc. (in poets in with abl.).
(α).
Absol.:
consequeris, ut eos ipsos, quos contra statuas, aequos placatosque dimittas,
Cic. Or. 10, 34:
nobilitate inimica, non aequo senatu,
id. Q. Fr. 2, 3 med.:
meis aequissimis utuntur auribus,
id. Fam. 7, 33:
oculis aspicere aequis,
Verg. A. 4, 372:
O dominum aequum et bonum,
Suet. Aug. 53:
boni et aequi et faciles domini,
id. Tib. 29.—
(β).
With dat.:
aequa Venus Teucris, Pallas iniqua fuit,
Ov. Tr. 1, 2, 6; id. A. A. 2, 310.—
(γ).
With in and acc.:
quis hoc statuit, quod aequum sit in Quintium, id iniquum esse in Maevium,
Cic. Quint. 14.—
(δ).
With in and abl.:
victor erat quamvis, aequus in hoste fuit,
Prop. 4, 18, 28.—Hence,
4.
aequus, i, m. subst., a friend:
ego ut me tibi amicissimum esse et aequi et iniqui intellegant, curabo,
both friends and enemies, Cic. Fam. 3, 6 fin.:
aequis iniquisque persuasum erat,
Liv. 5, 45.
II.
That is equal to another in any quality, equal, like; and of things divided into two equal parts, a half:
aequo censu censeri,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 92:
partīs,
Lucr. 3, 125; so Aur. Vict. Orig. 19, 1; and Vulg. 1 Reg. 30, 24:
aequa erit mensura sagorum,
ib. Exod. 26, 8:
pondera,
ib. Lev. 19, 36:
portio,
ib. 2 Mach. 8, 30:
aequa dementia,
Lucr. 1, 705 al.:
aequā manu discedere,
to come off with equal advantage, Sall. C. 39; so,
aequo Marte pugnare,
with equal success, Liv. 2, 6; Curt. 4, 15, 29; Flor. 4, 2, 48 al.:
urbs erat in summo nubibus aequa jugo,
Ov. P. 4, 7, 24:
aequum vulnus utrique tulit,
id. M. 9, 719 (cf. id. ib. 7, 803:
aequales urebant pectora flammae): sequiturque patrem non passibus aequis,
Verg. A. 2, 724:
pars aequa mundi,
Plin. 2, 19, 17, § 81:
utinam esset mihi pars aequa amoris tecum, i. e. aeque vicissim amaremus,
Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 12:
non tertiam portionem, verum aequam,
Plin. 3, 1, 1, § 5 al. —Hence the adverbial phrases,
1.
Ex aequo, in like manner, in an equal degree, equally ( = ex isou, Hdt., Dem.), Lucr. 1, 854:
dixit et ex aequo donis formaque probata, etc.,
Ov. H. 16, 87; 20, 123; id. Am. 1, 10, 33; id. A. A. 2, 682; id. M. 3, 145; 4, 62; Liv. 36, 37:
adversarum rerum ex aequo socii sunt (Fosi Cheruscis), cum in secundis minores fuissent,
Tac. G. 36 fin. —
2.
In aequo esse or stare, to be equal:
qui cogit mori nolentem, in aequo est, quique properantem impedit,
Sen. Phoen. 98:
ut naturam oderint, quod infra deos sumus, quod non in aequo illis stetimus,
id. Ben. 2, 29: in aequo ponere aliquem alicui, to make equal, to put on an equality, to compare:
in aequo eum (Philopoemenem) summis imperatoribus posuerunt,
Liv. 39, 50 fin. —
B.
Morally.
1.
Of persons, fair, equitable, impartial in conduct toward others (diff. from justus, just; v. aequitas, II.); constr. absol., with dat.; more rarely with gen.:
praetor aequus et sapiens,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 65; 2, 5, 59:
aequissimus aestimator et judex,
id. Fin. 3, 2:
praebere se aequum alicui,
id. Fam. 2, 1:
absentium aequi, praesentibus mobiles,
benevolent toward, Tac. A. 6, 36.—
2.
Of things, fair, right, equitable, reasonable: ITA. SENATVS. AIQVOM. CENSVIT., S. C. de Bach. 1. 26: et aecum et rectum est, Pac. ap. Non. 261, 13 (Trag. Rel. p. 81 Rib.):
aequa et honesta postulatio,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 2:
quod justum est et aequum, servis praestate,
just and fair, Vulg. Col. 4, 1:
postulo primum id, quod aequissimum est, ut, etc.,
Cic. Clu. 2:
aequa lex et omnibus utilis,
id. Balb. 27:
aequissimis legibus monere,
Aur. Vict. Caes. 9, 5:
aequae conditiones,
Vell. 2, 25; see Fischer, Gr. II. 611.—Hence,
3.
ae-quum, i, n. subst., what is fair, equitable, or just; fairness, equity, or justice, etc.: jus atque aequum, Enn. ap. Non. p. 399, 10 (Trag. v. 224 Vahl.):
utilitas justi prope mater et aequi,
Hor. S. 1, 3, 98:
aequi studium,
Aur. Vict. Caes. 24, 6.—Often with comparatives, more than is right, proper, reasonable:
lamentari amplius aequo,
Lucr. 3, 966:
injurias gravius aequo habere,
to feel too deeply, Sall. C. 50:
potus largius aequo,
Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 215.—Hence, aequum est, it is reasonable, proper, right, etc.; constr. with acc. and inf., in good prose also with dat. pers. and ut, Rudd. II. p. 235, n. 21: nos quiescere aequom est, Enn. ap. Diom. p. 382 P. (Trag. v. 199 Vahl.):
quae liberum scire aequom est adulescentem,
Ter. Eun. 3, 2, 25:
significant Imbecillorum esse aecum misererier omnīs,
Lucr. 5, 1023:
non est aequum nos derelinquere verbum Dei,
Vulg. Act. 6, 2:
aequius est mori quam auctoritatem imperii foedare,
Aur. Vict. Epit. 12, 7:
ut peritis? Ut piscatorem aequomst (sc. perire), fame sitique speque,
Plaut. Rud. 2, 2, 7; so,
sicut aequum est homini de potestate deorum timide et pauca dicamus,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 16, 47.—In Plaut., with abl.:
plus vidissem quam med atque illo aequom foret,
would be becoming in me and him, Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 84; id. Rud. prol. 47.—
4.
Aequum as subst. very freq. with bonum = aequitas, equitable conduct toward others, fairness, equity, etc.:
neque quidquam queo aequi bonique ab eo impetrare,
what is right and just, Plaut. Curc. 1, 1, 65:
cum de jure civili, cum de aequo et bono disputaretur,
Cic. Brut. 38:
ex aequo et bono, non ex callido versutoque jure rem judicari oportere,
id. Caecin. 23:
fit reus magis ex aequo bonoque quam ex jure gentium,
in accordance with justice and equity, Sall. J. 35.— Also without et:
illi dolum malum, illi fidem bonam, illi aequum bonum tradiderunt,
Cic. Top. 17.—So also, aequius melius, according to greater equily, Cic. Off. 3, 15; id. Top. 17.—
C.
Of a state of mind, even, unruffled, calm, composed, tranquil, patient, enduring (cf. aequitas, II. B.);
esp. freq. with animus or mens: animus aequos optumum est aerumnae condimentum,
Plaut. Rud. 2, 3, 71:
concedo et quod animus aequus est et quia necesse est,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 50:
quodadest memento Componere aequus,
Hor. C. 3, 29, 32:
tentantem majora, fere praesentibus aequum,
id. Ep. 1, 17, 24;
and so, aequam memento rebus in arduis Servare mentem, etc.,
id. C. 2, 3, 1.—Esp. freq. in the adv. abl.: aequo (aequiore, aequissimo) animo, with even mind, with equanimity, patiently, calmly, quietly, with forbearance: ego, nisi Bibulus adniteretur de triumpho, aequo animo essem, nunc vero aischron siôpan, Cic. Att. 6, 8:
carere aequo animo aliquā re,
id. Brut. 6:
ferre aliquid,
Nep. Dion. 6, 7; Aur. Vict. Orig. 6, 3:
accipere,
Sall. C. 3, 2:
tolerare,
id. J. 31:
quo aequiore animo Germanicus celerem successionem operiretur,
Suet. Tib. 25:
testem se in judiciis interrogari aequissimo animo patiebatur,
id. Aug. 56.—In eccl. Lat. = bono animo:
aequo animo esto,
be of good cheer, Vulg. 3 Reg. 21, 7:
aequo animo (aliquis) est? Psallat,
ib. Jacob. 5, 13.—Hence: aequi bonique facere aliquid, to regard as fair and reasonable (prop., a gen. of value, Roby, § 1191), to put up with, be content with, submit to, acquiesce in, etc.:
istuc aequi bonique facio,
Ter. Heaut. 4, 5, 40: tranquillissimus animus meus totum istuc aequi boni [p. 59] facit, Cic. Att. 7, 7; Liv. 34, 22 fin.:
aequi istuc faciam,
it will be all the same to me, Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 189.—So also:
aequi bonique dicere,
to propose any thing reasonable, Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 32.—Hence, aequē, adv., in like manner, equally, just as = ex aequo, pariter, Gr. isôs, omoiôs (indicating the entire equality of two objects compared, while similiter denotes only likeness):
eā (benevolentiā) non pariter omnes egemus... honore et gloriā fortasse non aeque omnes egent,
Cic. Off. 2, 8, 30:
non possum ego non aut proxime atque ille aut etiam aeque laborare,
id. Fam. 9, 13, 2:
universa aeque eveniunt justo et impio,
Vulg. Eccl. 9, 2.
1.
In the comic poets with cum or the comp. abl. (cf. adaeque); in Cic. and good class. authors gen. with et, atque, ac, ac si; less class. with quam, ut, quam ut; in Petr. with tamquam.
(α).
Aeque—cum:
animum advorte, ut aeque mecum haec scias,
Plaut. As. 2, 2, 66, id. Poen. prol. 47: novi aeque omnia tecum, Ter Phorm. 5, 9, 43. But in Plaut. As. 4, 1, 26, tecum una postea aeque pocla potitet, una belongs with tecum to potitet, and aeque is put absol. (sc. ut tu).—
(β).
Aeque with comp. abl.:
nullus est hoc meticulosus aeque,
as this person, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 137:
qui me in terrā aeque fortunatus erit,
id. Curc. 1, 2, 51.—
(γ).
Aeque—et or aeque— que (as in Gr. ison kai, isa kai, Soph. Oed. Tyr. 611;
Thuc. 3, 14). nisi aeque amicos et nosmet ipsos diligamus,
equally as ourselves, Cic. Fin. 1, 20, 67. versūs aeque prima et media et extrema pars attenditur, id. de Or. 3, 50, 192; id. Rosc. Com. 1, 2; so id. Mur. 13, 28; id. Clu. 69, 195, id. Tusc. 2, 26, 62 al.:
quod Aeque neglectum pueris senibusque nocebit,
Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 26.—
(δ).
Aeque—atque, —ac, —ac si, as... as; as much as, as: vide ne, quem tu esse hebetem deputes aeque ac pecus, is, etc., Att. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 22, 45: pumex non aeque aridus atque hic est senex, Plaut Aul. 2, 4, 18; Ter. Phorm 1, 2, 43; Varr. R. R. 3, 8, 2:
nisi haberes, qui illis aeque ac tu ipse gauderet,
Cic. Lael. 6, 22:
sed me colit et observat aeque atque patronum suum,
id. Fam. 13, 69; 2, 2; so id. Brut. 71, 248; id. Rosc. Am. 40, 116; Cels. 6, 15; Tac. H. 4, 5; Suet. Caes. 12 al.: aeque ac si. with the subj., just as if. altogether as if:
Egnatii absentis rem ut tueare, aeque a te peto ac si mea negotia essent,
Cic. Fam. 13, 43, 3; Auct Her 2, 13, 19: quo factum est, ut jumenta aeque nitida ex castellis educeret ac si in campestribus ea locis habuisset, Nep Eum. 5. 6; Liv. 10, 7, 4; 44, 22, 5 al.—
(ε).
Aeque— quam (only in Plaut. and prose writers from the Aug. per.;
neither in Cic. nor in Cæs.),
as... as, in the same manner as, as well... as, like, Plaut. Mil. 2, 5, 55;
nullum esse agrum aeque feracem quam hic est,
id. Epid. 2, 3, 1:
nihil aeque eos terruit quam robur et color imperatoris,
Liv. 28, 26, 14, 5, 6, 11; so 5, 3, 4; 31, 1, 3;
in navibus posita aeque quam in aedificiis,
Plin. 2, 81, 83, § 196; so 2, 70, 72, § 180; Tac. A. 14, 38; id. H. 2, 10; 4, 52; Suet. Aug. 64, 89; id. Galb. 4 al.—
(ζ).
Aeque—ut, a rare combination, and unworthy of imitation (in authors of the class. per. its reception rests, for the most part, upon false readings for aeque et or aeque ac), as much as, like, cui nihil aeque in causis agendis ut brevitas placet, Plin. Ep. 1, 20, 1 Keil. accinctus aeque ut discinctus, Vulg. 3 Reg. 20, 11. Possidebitis eam (terram) singuli aeque ut frater suus, ib. Ezech. 47, 14:
idemque proficeret aeque ut rosaceum,
Plin. 23, 4, 45, § 89, where Jan reads proficeret quod rosaceum. —In Plaut. once aeque—quasi for the class. aeque ac. quem videam aeque esse maestum quasi dies si dicta sit, Plaut. As. 5, 1, 11 Fleck.—
(η).
Sometimes aeque—aeque, as well as, as much as. aeque pauperibus prodest, locupletibus aeque, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 25:
aeque discordiam praepositorum, aeque concordiam subjectis exitiosam,
Tac. Agr. 15.—
2.
The comparison is often to be supplied from the whole sentence or context; hence, aeque stands absol. for aeque ac, etc. (ante-class. freq.; also in Cic. and Liv.), equally, as much as, as: eadem oratio non aeque valet, Enn. ap. Gell. 11, 4 (from Eurip. Hec. 295: logos... ou tauton sthenei):
satin habes, si feminarum nullast quam aeque diligam?
Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 11: Aetna mons non aeque altus, id. Mil. 4, 2, 73; 4, 7, 10; id. Most. 1, 3, 85, etc.; Ter. Phorm. 3, 3, 32; Cic. Fam. 4, 6, 1; so id. ib. 5, 21; id. Fin. 4, 33, 62:
aeque sons,
Liv. 29, 19, 2;
so 29, 19, 4 al.: aeque non est dubium,
it is as little doubtful, Plin. 2, 15, 13, § 68.—
3.
With omnes, uterque, and definite numerals, to indicate that a thing applies equally to all the objects designated, equally:
non omnia eadem aeque omnibus suavia esse scito,
Plaut. As. 3, 3, 51; Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 2; so Cic. Off. 2, 8, 31; id. Fin. 4, 27, 75 al.:
etsi utrique nostrum prope aeque gratae erant (litterae),
id. Fam. 13, 18; so id. Quint. 28, 86; Verg. G. 3, 118; Ov. Tr. 3, 8, 33; id. Fast. 1, 226:
aeque ambo pares,
Plaut. Men. 5, 9, 60:
duae trabes aeque longae,
Caes. B. C. 2, 10; Suet. Aug. 101. —
4.
Sometimes absol., with several substantives, alike, equally:
Tragici et comici Numquam aeque sunt meditati,
Plaut. Pers. 4, 2, 4. imperium bonus ignavus aeque sibi exoptant, Sall. C. 11.—
5.
In Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 42, nec est mihi quisquam, melius aeque cui velim, melius velle is, perhaps, to be taken together as a phrase, and the comp. considered as used in a restricted sense, as in melius est. Others consider the comp. as used for the simple positive; cf. adaeque.—
B.
Justly, with equity:
mihi id aeque factum arbitror,
Plaut. Mil. 5, 22 dub. (Ritschl: jureque id factum arbitror).— Comp.: ferro quam fame aequius perituros, more willingly, Sall. H. Fragm.— Sup.:
aequissime jus dicere,
Aur. Vict. Epit. 11, 2:
judicas ut qui aequissime,
Sid. 15, Ep. 11.
► An old adverb.
form, aequĭter, also occurs: praeda per participes aequiter partita est, Liv. Andr. ap. Non. 512, 31; so Pac. ib., Att. ib., and Plaut. acc. to Prisc. 1010 P.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > aecus

46 aequum

aequus ( aecus, Pac. 32 Rib.; Lucr. 5, 1023 Lachm. and Munro; AIQVOS, S. C. de Bacch. 1. 26), a, um, adj. [formerly referred to EIKÔ, eoika, but Pott connects it with Sanscr. ēka = one, as if properly, one and uniform; others consider it as akin to aemulor, q. v.].
I.
A.. Of place, that extends or lies in a horizontal direction, plain, even, level, flat (esp. freq. in the strategic descriptions of the histt.;
syn.: planus, aequalis, aequabilis, par, similis, justus): locus ad libellam aequus,
level, Varr. R. R. 1, 6 fin.:
aequus et planus locus,
Cic. Caec. 17 fin.:
in aequum locum se demittere,
Caes. B. G. 7, 28: legio, quae paulo aequiore loco constiterat, id. ib. 7, 51:
in aequum locum deducere,
Sall. J. 42 (cf. in Gr. eis to isoW katabainein, Xen. Anab. 4, 6, 18).— Trop.:
sive loquitur ex inferiore loco sive aequo sive ex superiore,
i. e. before the judges, sitting on raised seats, or in the Senate, or in the assembly of the people from the rostra, Cic. de Or. 3, 6, 23:
meos multos et ex superiore et ex aequo loco sermones habitos cum tuā summā laude,
from the tribune, and on private matters, id. Fam. 3, 8.—In the histt., sometimes subst.: aequum, i, n., with a gen., level ground, a plain:
facilem in aequo campi victoriam fore,
Liv. 5, 38:
ut primum agmen aequo, ceteri per acclive jugum insurgerent,
Tac. Agr. 35:
in aequum digredi,
id. ib. 18:
in aequo obstare,
id. ib. 36; id. H. 4, 23.—Also, an eminence, if it rises without inequalities:
dum Romanae cohortes in aequum eniterentur,
up the slope, Tac. A. 2, 80.—As a level place is more favorable for military operations than an uneven one, aequus has the signif.,
B.
Favorable, convenient, advantageous (as its opp., iniquus, uneven, has that of unfavorable, etc.).
1.
Of place:
locum se aequum ad dimicandum dedisse,
Caes. B. C. 3, 73:
etsi non aequum locum videbat suis,
Nep. Milt. 5, 4:
non hic silvas nec paludes, sed aequis locis aequos deos,
Tac. A. 1, 68. —
2.
Of time: judicium aequiore tempore fieri oportere, more propitious, Cic. Corn. Fragm. ap. Ascon. p. 72:
et tempore et loco aequo,
Liv. 26, 3:
tempore aequo,
Suet. Caes. 35.—
3.
In gen., of persons or things (freq. and class.), favorable, kind, friendly, benevolent, etc.; constr. absol. with dat., or in and acc. (in poets in with abl.).
(α).
Absol.:
consequeris, ut eos ipsos, quos contra statuas, aequos placatosque dimittas,
Cic. Or. 10, 34:
nobilitate inimica, non aequo senatu,
id. Q. Fr. 2, 3 med.:
meis aequissimis utuntur auribus,
id. Fam. 7, 33:
oculis aspicere aequis,
Verg. A. 4, 372:
O dominum aequum et bonum,
Suet. Aug. 53:
boni et aequi et faciles domini,
id. Tib. 29.—
(β).
With dat.:
aequa Venus Teucris, Pallas iniqua fuit,
Ov. Tr. 1, 2, 6; id. A. A. 2, 310.—
(γ).
With in and acc.:
quis hoc statuit, quod aequum sit in Quintium, id iniquum esse in Maevium,
Cic. Quint. 14.—
(δ).
With in and abl.:
victor erat quamvis, aequus in hoste fuit,
Prop. 4, 18, 28.—Hence,
4.
aequus, i, m. subst., a friend:
ego ut me tibi amicissimum esse et aequi et iniqui intellegant, curabo,
both friends and enemies, Cic. Fam. 3, 6 fin.:
aequis iniquisque persuasum erat,
Liv. 5, 45.
II.
That is equal to another in any quality, equal, like; and of things divided into two equal parts, a half:
aequo censu censeri,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 92:
partīs,
Lucr. 3, 125; so Aur. Vict. Orig. 19, 1; and Vulg. 1 Reg. 30, 24:
aequa erit mensura sagorum,
ib. Exod. 26, 8:
pondera,
ib. Lev. 19, 36:
portio,
ib. 2 Mach. 8, 30:
aequa dementia,
Lucr. 1, 705 al.:
aequā manu discedere,
to come off with equal advantage, Sall. C. 39; so,
aequo Marte pugnare,
with equal success, Liv. 2, 6; Curt. 4, 15, 29; Flor. 4, 2, 48 al.:
urbs erat in summo nubibus aequa jugo,
Ov. P. 4, 7, 24:
aequum vulnus utrique tulit,
id. M. 9, 719 (cf. id. ib. 7, 803:
aequales urebant pectora flammae): sequiturque patrem non passibus aequis,
Verg. A. 2, 724:
pars aequa mundi,
Plin. 2, 19, 17, § 81:
utinam esset mihi pars aequa amoris tecum, i. e. aeque vicissim amaremus,
Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 12:
non tertiam portionem, verum aequam,
Plin. 3, 1, 1, § 5 al. —Hence the adverbial phrases,
1.
Ex aequo, in like manner, in an equal degree, equally ( = ex isou, Hdt., Dem.), Lucr. 1, 854:
dixit et ex aequo donis formaque probata, etc.,
Ov. H. 16, 87; 20, 123; id. Am. 1, 10, 33; id. A. A. 2, 682; id. M. 3, 145; 4, 62; Liv. 36, 37:
adversarum rerum ex aequo socii sunt (Fosi Cheruscis), cum in secundis minores fuissent,
Tac. G. 36 fin. —
2.
In aequo esse or stare, to be equal:
qui cogit mori nolentem, in aequo est, quique properantem impedit,
Sen. Phoen. 98:
ut naturam oderint, quod infra deos sumus, quod non in aequo illis stetimus,
id. Ben. 2, 29: in aequo ponere aliquem alicui, to make equal, to put on an equality, to compare:
in aequo eum (Philopoemenem) summis imperatoribus posuerunt,
Liv. 39, 50 fin. —
B.
Morally.
1.
Of persons, fair, equitable, impartial in conduct toward others (diff. from justus, just; v. aequitas, II.); constr. absol., with dat.; more rarely with gen.:
praetor aequus et sapiens,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 65; 2, 5, 59:
aequissimus aestimator et judex,
id. Fin. 3, 2:
praebere se aequum alicui,
id. Fam. 2, 1:
absentium aequi, praesentibus mobiles,
benevolent toward, Tac. A. 6, 36.—
2.
Of things, fair, right, equitable, reasonable: ITA. SENATVS. AIQVOM. CENSVIT., S. C. de Bach. 1. 26: et aecum et rectum est, Pac. ap. Non. 261, 13 (Trag. Rel. p. 81 Rib.):
aequa et honesta postulatio,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 2:
quod justum est et aequum, servis praestate,
just and fair, Vulg. Col. 4, 1:
postulo primum id, quod aequissimum est, ut, etc.,
Cic. Clu. 2:
aequa lex et omnibus utilis,
id. Balb. 27:
aequissimis legibus monere,
Aur. Vict. Caes. 9, 5:
aequae conditiones,
Vell. 2, 25; see Fischer, Gr. II. 611.—Hence,
3.
ae-quum, i, n. subst., what is fair, equitable, or just; fairness, equity, or justice, etc.: jus atque aequum, Enn. ap. Non. p. 399, 10 (Trag. v. 224 Vahl.):
utilitas justi prope mater et aequi,
Hor. S. 1, 3, 98:
aequi studium,
Aur. Vict. Caes. 24, 6.—Often with comparatives, more than is right, proper, reasonable:
lamentari amplius aequo,
Lucr. 3, 966:
injurias gravius aequo habere,
to feel too deeply, Sall. C. 50:
potus largius aequo,
Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 215.—Hence, aequum est, it is reasonable, proper, right, etc.; constr. with acc. and inf., in good prose also with dat. pers. and ut, Rudd. II. p. 235, n. 21: nos quiescere aequom est, Enn. ap. Diom. p. 382 P. (Trag. v. 199 Vahl.):
quae liberum scire aequom est adulescentem,
Ter. Eun. 3, 2, 25:
significant Imbecillorum esse aecum misererier omnīs,
Lucr. 5, 1023:
non est aequum nos derelinquere verbum Dei,
Vulg. Act. 6, 2:
aequius est mori quam auctoritatem imperii foedare,
Aur. Vict. Epit. 12, 7:
ut peritis? Ut piscatorem aequomst (sc. perire), fame sitique speque,
Plaut. Rud. 2, 2, 7; so,
sicut aequum est homini de potestate deorum timide et pauca dicamus,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 16, 47.—In Plaut., with abl.:
plus vidissem quam med atque illo aequom foret,
would be becoming in me and him, Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 84; id. Rud. prol. 47.—
4.
Aequum as subst. very freq. with bonum = aequitas, equitable conduct toward others, fairness, equity, etc.:
neque quidquam queo aequi bonique ab eo impetrare,
what is right and just, Plaut. Curc. 1, 1, 65:
cum de jure civili, cum de aequo et bono disputaretur,
Cic. Brut. 38:
ex aequo et bono, non ex callido versutoque jure rem judicari oportere,
id. Caecin. 23:
fit reus magis ex aequo bonoque quam ex jure gentium,
in accordance with justice and equity, Sall. J. 35.— Also without et:
illi dolum malum, illi fidem bonam, illi aequum bonum tradiderunt,
Cic. Top. 17.—So also, aequius melius, according to greater equily, Cic. Off. 3, 15; id. Top. 17.—
C.
Of a state of mind, even, unruffled, calm, composed, tranquil, patient, enduring (cf. aequitas, II. B.);
esp. freq. with animus or mens: animus aequos optumum est aerumnae condimentum,
Plaut. Rud. 2, 3, 71:
concedo et quod animus aequus est et quia necesse est,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 50:
quodadest memento Componere aequus,
Hor. C. 3, 29, 32:
tentantem majora, fere praesentibus aequum,
id. Ep. 1, 17, 24;
and so, aequam memento rebus in arduis Servare mentem, etc.,
id. C. 2, 3, 1.—Esp. freq. in the adv. abl.: aequo (aequiore, aequissimo) animo, with even mind, with equanimity, patiently, calmly, quietly, with forbearance: ego, nisi Bibulus adniteretur de triumpho, aequo animo essem, nunc vero aischron siôpan, Cic. Att. 6, 8:
carere aequo animo aliquā re,
id. Brut. 6:
ferre aliquid,
Nep. Dion. 6, 7; Aur. Vict. Orig. 6, 3:
accipere,
Sall. C. 3, 2:
tolerare,
id. J. 31:
quo aequiore animo Germanicus celerem successionem operiretur,
Suet. Tib. 25:
testem se in judiciis interrogari aequissimo animo patiebatur,
id. Aug. 56.—In eccl. Lat. = bono animo:
aequo animo esto,
be of good cheer, Vulg. 3 Reg. 21, 7:
aequo animo (aliquis) est? Psallat,
ib. Jacob. 5, 13.—Hence: aequi bonique facere aliquid, to regard as fair and reasonable (prop., a gen. of value, Roby, § 1191), to put up with, be content with, submit to, acquiesce in, etc.:
istuc aequi bonique facio,
Ter. Heaut. 4, 5, 40: tranquillissimus animus meus totum istuc aequi boni [p. 59] facit, Cic. Att. 7, 7; Liv. 34, 22 fin.:
aequi istuc faciam,
it will be all the same to me, Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 189.—So also:
aequi bonique dicere,
to propose any thing reasonable, Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 32.—Hence, aequē, adv., in like manner, equally, just as = ex aequo, pariter, Gr. isôs, omoiôs (indicating the entire equality of two objects compared, while similiter denotes only likeness):
eā (benevolentiā) non pariter omnes egemus... honore et gloriā fortasse non aeque omnes egent,
Cic. Off. 2, 8, 30:
non possum ego non aut proxime atque ille aut etiam aeque laborare,
id. Fam. 9, 13, 2:
universa aeque eveniunt justo et impio,
Vulg. Eccl. 9, 2.
1.
In the comic poets with cum or the comp. abl. (cf. adaeque); in Cic. and good class. authors gen. with et, atque, ac, ac si; less class. with quam, ut, quam ut; in Petr. with tamquam.
(α).
Aeque—cum:
animum advorte, ut aeque mecum haec scias,
Plaut. As. 2, 2, 66, id. Poen. prol. 47: novi aeque omnia tecum, Ter Phorm. 5, 9, 43. But in Plaut. As. 4, 1, 26, tecum una postea aeque pocla potitet, una belongs with tecum to potitet, and aeque is put absol. (sc. ut tu).—
(β).
Aeque with comp. abl.:
nullus est hoc meticulosus aeque,
as this person, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 137:
qui me in terrā aeque fortunatus erit,
id. Curc. 1, 2, 51.—
(γ).
Aeque—et or aeque— que (as in Gr. ison kai, isa kai, Soph. Oed. Tyr. 611;
Thuc. 3, 14). nisi aeque amicos et nosmet ipsos diligamus,
equally as ourselves, Cic. Fin. 1, 20, 67. versūs aeque prima et media et extrema pars attenditur, id. de Or. 3, 50, 192; id. Rosc. Com. 1, 2; so id. Mur. 13, 28; id. Clu. 69, 195, id. Tusc. 2, 26, 62 al.:
quod Aeque neglectum pueris senibusque nocebit,
Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 26.—
(δ).
Aeque—atque, —ac, —ac si, as... as; as much as, as: vide ne, quem tu esse hebetem deputes aeque ac pecus, is, etc., Att. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 22, 45: pumex non aeque aridus atque hic est senex, Plaut Aul. 2, 4, 18; Ter. Phorm 1, 2, 43; Varr. R. R. 3, 8, 2:
nisi haberes, qui illis aeque ac tu ipse gauderet,
Cic. Lael. 6, 22:
sed me colit et observat aeque atque patronum suum,
id. Fam. 13, 69; 2, 2; so id. Brut. 71, 248; id. Rosc. Am. 40, 116; Cels. 6, 15; Tac. H. 4, 5; Suet. Caes. 12 al.: aeque ac si. with the subj., just as if. altogether as if:
Egnatii absentis rem ut tueare, aeque a te peto ac si mea negotia essent,
Cic. Fam. 13, 43, 3; Auct Her 2, 13, 19: quo factum est, ut jumenta aeque nitida ex castellis educeret ac si in campestribus ea locis habuisset, Nep Eum. 5. 6; Liv. 10, 7, 4; 44, 22, 5 al.—
(ε).
Aeque— quam (only in Plaut. and prose writers from the Aug. per.;
neither in Cic. nor in Cæs.),
as... as, in the same manner as, as well... as, like, Plaut. Mil. 2, 5, 55;
nullum esse agrum aeque feracem quam hic est,
id. Epid. 2, 3, 1:
nihil aeque eos terruit quam robur et color imperatoris,
Liv. 28, 26, 14, 5, 6, 11; so 5, 3, 4; 31, 1, 3;
in navibus posita aeque quam in aedificiis,
Plin. 2, 81, 83, § 196; so 2, 70, 72, § 180; Tac. A. 14, 38; id. H. 2, 10; 4, 52; Suet. Aug. 64, 89; id. Galb. 4 al.—
(ζ).
Aeque—ut, a rare combination, and unworthy of imitation (in authors of the class. per. its reception rests, for the most part, upon false readings for aeque et or aeque ac), as much as, like, cui nihil aeque in causis agendis ut brevitas placet, Plin. Ep. 1, 20, 1 Keil. accinctus aeque ut discinctus, Vulg. 3 Reg. 20, 11. Possidebitis eam (terram) singuli aeque ut frater suus, ib. Ezech. 47, 14:
idemque proficeret aeque ut rosaceum,
Plin. 23, 4, 45, § 89, where Jan reads proficeret quod rosaceum. —In Plaut. once aeque—quasi for the class. aeque ac. quem videam aeque esse maestum quasi dies si dicta sit, Plaut. As. 5, 1, 11 Fleck.—
(η).
Sometimes aeque—aeque, as well as, as much as. aeque pauperibus prodest, locupletibus aeque, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 25:
aeque discordiam praepositorum, aeque concordiam subjectis exitiosam,
Tac. Agr. 15.—
2.
The comparison is often to be supplied from the whole sentence or context; hence, aeque stands absol. for aeque ac, etc. (ante-class. freq.; also in Cic. and Liv.), equally, as much as, as: eadem oratio non aeque valet, Enn. ap. Gell. 11, 4 (from Eurip. Hec. 295: logos... ou tauton sthenei):
satin habes, si feminarum nullast quam aeque diligam?
Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 11: Aetna mons non aeque altus, id. Mil. 4, 2, 73; 4, 7, 10; id. Most. 1, 3, 85, etc.; Ter. Phorm. 3, 3, 32; Cic. Fam. 4, 6, 1; so id. ib. 5, 21; id. Fin. 4, 33, 62:
aeque sons,
Liv. 29, 19, 2;
so 29, 19, 4 al.: aeque non est dubium,
it is as little doubtful, Plin. 2, 15, 13, § 68.—
3.
With omnes, uterque, and definite numerals, to indicate that a thing applies equally to all the objects designated, equally:
non omnia eadem aeque omnibus suavia esse scito,
Plaut. As. 3, 3, 51; Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 2; so Cic. Off. 2, 8, 31; id. Fin. 4, 27, 75 al.:
etsi utrique nostrum prope aeque gratae erant (litterae),
id. Fam. 13, 18; so id. Quint. 28, 86; Verg. G. 3, 118; Ov. Tr. 3, 8, 33; id. Fast. 1, 226:
aeque ambo pares,
Plaut. Men. 5, 9, 60:
duae trabes aeque longae,
Caes. B. C. 2, 10; Suet. Aug. 101. —
4.
Sometimes absol., with several substantives, alike, equally:
Tragici et comici Numquam aeque sunt meditati,
Plaut. Pers. 4, 2, 4. imperium bonus ignavus aeque sibi exoptant, Sall. C. 11.—
5.
In Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 42, nec est mihi quisquam, melius aeque cui velim, melius velle is, perhaps, to be taken together as a phrase, and the comp. considered as used in a restricted sense, as in melius est. Others consider the comp. as used for the simple positive; cf. adaeque.—
B.
Justly, with equity:
mihi id aeque factum arbitror,
Plaut. Mil. 5, 22 dub. (Ritschl: jureque id factum arbitror).— Comp.: ferro quam fame aequius perituros, more willingly, Sall. H. Fragm.— Sup.:
aequissime jus dicere,
Aur. Vict. Epit. 11, 2:
judicas ut qui aequissime,
Sid. 15, Ep. 11.
► An old adverb.
form, aequĭter, also occurs: praeda per participes aequiter partita est, Liv. Andr. ap. Non. 512, 31; so Pac. ib., Att. ib., and Plaut. acc. to Prisc. 1010 P.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > aequum

47 aequus

aequus ( aecus, Pac. 32 Rib.; Lucr. 5, 1023 Lachm. and Munro; AIQVOS, S. C. de Bacch. 1. 26), a, um, adj. [formerly referred to EIKÔ, eoika, but Pott connects it with Sanscr. ēka = one, as if properly, one and uniform; others consider it as akin to aemulor, q. v.].
I.
A.. Of place, that extends or lies in a horizontal direction, plain, even, level, flat (esp. freq. in the strategic descriptions of the histt.;
syn.: planus, aequalis, aequabilis, par, similis, justus): locus ad libellam aequus,
level, Varr. R. R. 1, 6 fin.:
aequus et planus locus,
Cic. Caec. 17 fin.:
in aequum locum se demittere,
Caes. B. G. 7, 28: legio, quae paulo aequiore loco constiterat, id. ib. 7, 51:
in aequum locum deducere,
Sall. J. 42 (cf. in Gr. eis to isoW katabainein, Xen. Anab. 4, 6, 18).— Trop.:
sive loquitur ex inferiore loco sive aequo sive ex superiore,
i. e. before the judges, sitting on raised seats, or in the Senate, or in the assembly of the people from the rostra, Cic. de Or. 3, 6, 23:
meos multos et ex superiore et ex aequo loco sermones habitos cum tuā summā laude,
from the tribune, and on private matters, id. Fam. 3, 8.—In the histt., sometimes subst.: aequum, i, n., with a gen., level ground, a plain:
facilem in aequo campi victoriam fore,
Liv. 5, 38:
ut primum agmen aequo, ceteri per acclive jugum insurgerent,
Tac. Agr. 35:
in aequum digredi,
id. ib. 18:
in aequo obstare,
id. ib. 36; id. H. 4, 23.—Also, an eminence, if it rises without inequalities:
dum Romanae cohortes in aequum eniterentur,
up the slope, Tac. A. 2, 80.—As a level place is more favorable for military operations than an uneven one, aequus has the signif.,
B.
Favorable, convenient, advantageous (as its opp., iniquus, uneven, has that of unfavorable, etc.).
1.
Of place:
locum se aequum ad dimicandum dedisse,
Caes. B. C. 3, 73:
etsi non aequum locum videbat suis,
Nep. Milt. 5, 4:
non hic silvas nec paludes, sed aequis locis aequos deos,
Tac. A. 1, 68. —
2.
Of time: judicium aequiore tempore fieri oportere, more propitious, Cic. Corn. Fragm. ap. Ascon. p. 72:
et tempore et loco aequo,
Liv. 26, 3:
tempore aequo,
Suet. Caes. 35.—
3.
In gen., of persons or things (freq. and class.), favorable, kind, friendly, benevolent, etc.; constr. absol. with dat., or in and acc. (in poets in with abl.).
(α).
Absol.:
consequeris, ut eos ipsos, quos contra statuas, aequos placatosque dimittas,
Cic. Or. 10, 34:
nobilitate inimica, non aequo senatu,
id. Q. Fr. 2, 3 med.:
meis aequissimis utuntur auribus,
id. Fam. 7, 33:
oculis aspicere aequis,
Verg. A. 4, 372:
O dominum aequum et bonum,
Suet. Aug. 53:
boni et aequi et faciles domini,
id. Tib. 29.—
(β).
With dat.:
aequa Venus Teucris, Pallas iniqua fuit,
Ov. Tr. 1, 2, 6; id. A. A. 2, 310.—
(γ).
With in and acc.:
quis hoc statuit, quod aequum sit in Quintium, id iniquum esse in Maevium,
Cic. Quint. 14.—
(δ).
With in and abl.:
victor erat quamvis, aequus in hoste fuit,
Prop. 4, 18, 28.—Hence,
4.
aequus, i, m. subst., a friend:
ego ut me tibi amicissimum esse et aequi et iniqui intellegant, curabo,
both friends and enemies, Cic. Fam. 3, 6 fin.:
aequis iniquisque persuasum erat,
Liv. 5, 45.
II.
That is equal to another in any quality, equal, like; and of things divided into two equal parts, a half:
aequo censu censeri,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 92:
partīs,
Lucr. 3, 125; so Aur. Vict. Orig. 19, 1; and Vulg. 1 Reg. 30, 24:
aequa erit mensura sagorum,
ib. Exod. 26, 8:
pondera,
ib. Lev. 19, 36:
portio,
ib. 2 Mach. 8, 30:
aequa dementia,
Lucr. 1, 705 al.:
aequā manu discedere,
to come off with equal advantage, Sall. C. 39; so,
aequo Marte pugnare,
with equal success, Liv. 2, 6; Curt. 4, 15, 29; Flor. 4, 2, 48 al.:
urbs erat in summo nubibus aequa jugo,
Ov. P. 4, 7, 24:
aequum vulnus utrique tulit,
id. M. 9, 719 (cf. id. ib. 7, 803:
aequales urebant pectora flammae): sequiturque patrem non passibus aequis,
Verg. A. 2, 724:
pars aequa mundi,
Plin. 2, 19, 17, § 81:
utinam esset mihi pars aequa amoris tecum, i. e. aeque vicissim amaremus,
Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 12:
non tertiam portionem, verum aequam,
Plin. 3, 1, 1, § 5 al. —Hence the adverbial phrases,
1.
Ex aequo, in like manner, in an equal degree, equally ( = ex isou, Hdt., Dem.), Lucr. 1, 854:
dixit et ex aequo donis formaque probata, etc.,
Ov. H. 16, 87; 20, 123; id. Am. 1, 10, 33; id. A. A. 2, 682; id. M. 3, 145; 4, 62; Liv. 36, 37:
adversarum rerum ex aequo socii sunt (Fosi Cheruscis), cum in secundis minores fuissent,
Tac. G. 36 fin. —
2.
In aequo esse or stare, to be equal:
qui cogit mori nolentem, in aequo est, quique properantem impedit,
Sen. Phoen. 98:
ut naturam oderint, quod infra deos sumus, quod non in aequo illis stetimus,
id. Ben. 2, 29: in aequo ponere aliquem alicui, to make equal, to put on an equality, to compare:
in aequo eum (Philopoemenem) summis imperatoribus posuerunt,
Liv. 39, 50 fin. —
B.
Morally.
1.
Of persons, fair, equitable, impartial in conduct toward others (diff. from justus, just; v. aequitas, II.); constr. absol., with dat.; more rarely with gen.:
praetor aequus et sapiens,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 65; 2, 5, 59:
aequissimus aestimator et judex,
id. Fin. 3, 2:
praebere se aequum alicui,
id. Fam. 2, 1:
absentium aequi, praesentibus mobiles,
benevolent toward, Tac. A. 6, 36.—
2.
Of things, fair, right, equitable, reasonable: ITA. SENATVS. AIQVOM. CENSVIT., S. C. de Bach. 1. 26: et aecum et rectum est, Pac. ap. Non. 261, 13 (Trag. Rel. p. 81 Rib.):
aequa et honesta postulatio,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 2:
quod justum est et aequum, servis praestate,
just and fair, Vulg. Col. 4, 1:
postulo primum id, quod aequissimum est, ut, etc.,
Cic. Clu. 2:
aequa lex et omnibus utilis,
id. Balb. 27:
aequissimis legibus monere,
Aur. Vict. Caes. 9, 5:
aequae conditiones,
Vell. 2, 25; see Fischer, Gr. II. 611.—Hence,
3.
ae-quum, i, n. subst., what is fair, equitable, or just; fairness, equity, or justice, etc.: jus atque aequum, Enn. ap. Non. p. 399, 10 (Trag. v. 224 Vahl.):
utilitas justi prope mater et aequi,
Hor. S. 1, 3, 98:
aequi studium,
Aur. Vict. Caes. 24, 6.—Often with comparatives, more than is right, proper, reasonable:
lamentari amplius aequo,
Lucr. 3, 966:
injurias gravius aequo habere,
to feel too deeply, Sall. C. 50:
potus largius aequo,
Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 215.—Hence, aequum est, it is reasonable, proper, right, etc.; constr. with acc. and inf., in good prose also with dat. pers. and ut, Rudd. II. p. 235, n. 21: nos quiescere aequom est, Enn. ap. Diom. p. 382 P. (Trag. v. 199 Vahl.):
quae liberum scire aequom est adulescentem,
Ter. Eun. 3, 2, 25:
significant Imbecillorum esse aecum misererier omnīs,
Lucr. 5, 1023:
non est aequum nos derelinquere verbum Dei,
Vulg. Act. 6, 2:
aequius est mori quam auctoritatem imperii foedare,
Aur. Vict. Epit. 12, 7:
ut peritis? Ut piscatorem aequomst (sc. perire), fame sitique speque,
Plaut. Rud. 2, 2, 7; so,
sicut aequum est homini de potestate deorum timide et pauca dicamus,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 16, 47.—In Plaut., with abl.:
plus vidissem quam med atque illo aequom foret,
would be becoming in me and him, Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 84; id. Rud. prol. 47.—
4.
Aequum as subst. very freq. with bonum = aequitas, equitable conduct toward others, fairness, equity, etc.:
neque quidquam queo aequi bonique ab eo impetrare,
what is right and just, Plaut. Curc. 1, 1, 65:
cum de jure civili, cum de aequo et bono disputaretur,
Cic. Brut. 38:
ex aequo et bono, non ex callido versutoque jure rem judicari oportere,
id. Caecin. 23:
fit reus magis ex aequo bonoque quam ex jure gentium,
in accordance with justice and equity, Sall. J. 35.— Also without et:
illi dolum malum, illi fidem bonam, illi aequum bonum tradiderunt,
Cic. Top. 17.—So also, aequius melius, according to greater equily, Cic. Off. 3, 15; id. Top. 17.—
C.
Of a state of mind, even, unruffled, calm, composed, tranquil, patient, enduring (cf. aequitas, II. B.);
esp. freq. with animus or mens: animus aequos optumum est aerumnae condimentum,
Plaut. Rud. 2, 3, 71:
concedo et quod animus aequus est et quia necesse est,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 50:
quodadest memento Componere aequus,
Hor. C. 3, 29, 32:
tentantem majora, fere praesentibus aequum,
id. Ep. 1, 17, 24;
and so, aequam memento rebus in arduis Servare mentem, etc.,
id. C. 2, 3, 1.—Esp. freq. in the adv. abl.: aequo (aequiore, aequissimo) animo, with even mind, with equanimity, patiently, calmly, quietly, with forbearance: ego, nisi Bibulus adniteretur de triumpho, aequo animo essem, nunc vero aischron siôpan, Cic. Att. 6, 8:
carere aequo animo aliquā re,
id. Brut. 6:
ferre aliquid,
Nep. Dion. 6, 7; Aur. Vict. Orig. 6, 3:
accipere,
Sall. C. 3, 2:
tolerare,
id. J. 31:
quo aequiore animo Germanicus celerem successionem operiretur,
Suet. Tib. 25:
testem se in judiciis interrogari aequissimo animo patiebatur,
id. Aug. 56.—In eccl. Lat. = bono animo:
aequo animo esto,
be of good cheer, Vulg. 3 Reg. 21, 7:
aequo animo (aliquis) est? Psallat,
ib. Jacob. 5, 13.—Hence: aequi bonique facere aliquid, to regard as fair and reasonable (prop., a gen. of value, Roby, § 1191), to put up with, be content with, submit to, acquiesce in, etc.:
istuc aequi bonique facio,
Ter. Heaut. 4, 5, 40: tranquillissimus animus meus totum istuc aequi boni [p. 59] facit, Cic. Att. 7, 7; Liv. 34, 22 fin.:
aequi istuc faciam,
it will be all the same to me, Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 189.—So also:
aequi bonique dicere,
to propose any thing reasonable, Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 32.—Hence, aequē, adv., in like manner, equally, just as = ex aequo, pariter, Gr. isôs, omoiôs (indicating the entire equality of two objects compared, while similiter denotes only likeness):
eā (benevolentiā) non pariter omnes egemus... honore et gloriā fortasse non aeque omnes egent,
Cic. Off. 2, 8, 30:
non possum ego non aut proxime atque ille aut etiam aeque laborare,
id. Fam. 9, 13, 2:
universa aeque eveniunt justo et impio,
Vulg. Eccl. 9, 2.
1.
In the comic poets with cum or the comp. abl. (cf. adaeque); in Cic. and good class. authors gen. with et, atque, ac, ac si; less class. with quam, ut, quam ut; in Petr. with tamquam.
(α).
Aeque—cum:
animum advorte, ut aeque mecum haec scias,
Plaut. As. 2, 2, 66, id. Poen. prol. 47: novi aeque omnia tecum, Ter Phorm. 5, 9, 43. But in Plaut. As. 4, 1, 26, tecum una postea aeque pocla potitet, una belongs with tecum to potitet, and aeque is put absol. (sc. ut tu).—
(β).
Aeque with comp. abl.:
nullus est hoc meticulosus aeque,
as this person, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 137:
qui me in terrā aeque fortunatus erit,
id. Curc. 1, 2, 51.—
(γ).
Aeque—et or aeque— que (as in Gr. ison kai, isa kai, Soph. Oed. Tyr. 611;
Thuc. 3, 14). nisi aeque amicos et nosmet ipsos diligamus,
equally as ourselves, Cic. Fin. 1, 20, 67. versūs aeque prima et media et extrema pars attenditur, id. de Or. 3, 50, 192; id. Rosc. Com. 1, 2; so id. Mur. 13, 28; id. Clu. 69, 195, id. Tusc. 2, 26, 62 al.:
quod Aeque neglectum pueris senibusque nocebit,
Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 26.—
(δ).
Aeque—atque, —ac, —ac si, as... as; as much as, as: vide ne, quem tu esse hebetem deputes aeque ac pecus, is, etc., Att. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 22, 45: pumex non aeque aridus atque hic est senex, Plaut Aul. 2, 4, 18; Ter. Phorm 1, 2, 43; Varr. R. R. 3, 8, 2:
nisi haberes, qui illis aeque ac tu ipse gauderet,
Cic. Lael. 6, 22:
sed me colit et observat aeque atque patronum suum,
id. Fam. 13, 69; 2, 2; so id. Brut. 71, 248; id. Rosc. Am. 40, 116; Cels. 6, 15; Tac. H. 4, 5; Suet. Caes. 12 al.: aeque ac si. with the subj., just as if. altogether as if:
Egnatii absentis rem ut tueare, aeque a te peto ac si mea negotia essent,
Cic. Fam. 13, 43, 3; Auct Her 2, 13, 19: quo factum est, ut jumenta aeque nitida ex castellis educeret ac si in campestribus ea locis habuisset, Nep Eum. 5. 6; Liv. 10, 7, 4; 44, 22, 5 al.—
(ε).
Aeque— quam (only in Plaut. and prose writers from the Aug. per.;
neither in Cic. nor in Cæs.),
as... as, in the same manner as, as well... as, like, Plaut. Mil. 2, 5, 55;
nullum esse agrum aeque feracem quam hic est,
id. Epid. 2, 3, 1:
nihil aeque eos terruit quam robur et color imperatoris,
Liv. 28, 26, 14, 5, 6, 11; so 5, 3, 4; 31, 1, 3;
in navibus posita aeque quam in aedificiis,
Plin. 2, 81, 83, § 196; so 2, 70, 72, § 180; Tac. A. 14, 38; id. H. 2, 10; 4, 52; Suet. Aug. 64, 89; id. Galb. 4 al.—
(ζ).
Aeque—ut, a rare combination, and unworthy of imitation (in authors of the class. per. its reception rests, for the most part, upon false readings for aeque et or aeque ac), as much as, like, cui nihil aeque in causis agendis ut brevitas placet, Plin. Ep. 1, 20, 1 Keil. accinctus aeque ut discinctus, Vulg. 3 Reg. 20, 11. Possidebitis eam (terram) singuli aeque ut frater suus, ib. Ezech. 47, 14:
idemque proficeret aeque ut rosaceum,
Plin. 23, 4, 45, § 89, where Jan reads proficeret quod rosaceum. —In Plaut. once aeque—quasi for the class. aeque ac. quem videam aeque esse maestum quasi dies si dicta sit, Plaut. As. 5, 1, 11 Fleck.—
(η).
Sometimes aeque—aeque, as well as, as much as. aeque pauperibus prodest, locupletibus aeque, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 25:
aeque discordiam praepositorum, aeque concordiam subjectis exitiosam,
Tac. Agr. 15.—
2.
The comparison is often to be supplied from the whole sentence or context; hence, aeque stands absol. for aeque ac, etc. (ante-class. freq.; also in Cic. and Liv.), equally, as much as, as: eadem oratio non aeque valet, Enn. ap. Gell. 11, 4 (from Eurip. Hec. 295: logos... ou tauton sthenei):
satin habes, si feminarum nullast quam aeque diligam?
Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 11: Aetna mons non aeque altus, id. Mil. 4, 2, 73; 4, 7, 10; id. Most. 1, 3, 85, etc.; Ter. Phorm. 3, 3, 32; Cic. Fam. 4, 6, 1; so id. ib. 5, 21; id. Fin. 4, 33, 62:
aeque sons,
Liv. 29, 19, 2;
so 29, 19, 4 al.: aeque non est dubium,
it is as little doubtful, Plin. 2, 15, 13, § 68.—
3.
With omnes, uterque, and definite numerals, to indicate that a thing applies equally to all the objects designated, equally:
non omnia eadem aeque omnibus suavia esse scito,
Plaut. As. 3, 3, 51; Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 2; so Cic. Off. 2, 8, 31; id. Fin. 4, 27, 75 al.:
etsi utrique nostrum prope aeque gratae erant (litterae),
id. Fam. 13, 18; so id. Quint. 28, 86; Verg. G. 3, 118; Ov. Tr. 3, 8, 33; id. Fast. 1, 226:
aeque ambo pares,
Plaut. Men. 5, 9, 60:
duae trabes aeque longae,
Caes. B. C. 2, 10; Suet. Aug. 101. —
4.
Sometimes absol., with several substantives, alike, equally:
Tragici et comici Numquam aeque sunt meditati,
Plaut. Pers. 4, 2, 4. imperium bonus ignavus aeque sibi exoptant, Sall. C. 11.—
5.
In Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 42, nec est mihi quisquam, melius aeque cui velim, melius velle is, perhaps, to be taken together as a phrase, and the comp. considered as used in a restricted sense, as in melius est. Others consider the comp. as used for the simple positive; cf. adaeque.—
B.
Justly, with equity:
mihi id aeque factum arbitror,
Plaut. Mil. 5, 22 dub. (Ritschl: jureque id factum arbitror).— Comp.: ferro quam fame aequius perituros, more willingly, Sall. H. Fragm.— Sup.:
aequissime jus dicere,
Aur. Vict. Epit. 11, 2:
judicas ut qui aequissime,
Sid. 15, Ep. 11.
► An old adverb.
form, aequĭter, also occurs: praeda per participes aequiter partita est, Liv. Andr. ap. Non. 512, 31; so Pac. ib., Att. ib., and Plaut. acc. to Prisc. 1010 P.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > aequus

48 Magnus

1.
magnus, a, um (archaic gen. magnai for magnae:
magnai reipublicai gratia,
Plaut. Mil. 2, 1, 23), adj.; comp. mājor, us; sup. maxĭmus ( maxŭm-), a, um [root magh-; Sanscr. mahat, maba, great; Gr. megas; cf. meizôn for megiôn; cf. mêchos, majestas; also cf. root mak-; Gr. makros, and perh. makar], great, large.
I.
Lit., of physical size or quantity, great, large; of things, vast, extensive, spacious, etc.: nequam et magnus homo, a great, tall fellow, Lucil. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 32 Mull.; cf.
the double meaning: tu, bis denis grandia libris Qui scribis Priami proelia, magnus homo es,
a great man, Mart. 9, 51, 4: magna ossa lacertique Apparent homini, Lucil. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1:
magna ossa lacertosque Exuit,
Verg. A. 5, 422: (scarus) magnusque bonusque, Enn. ap. App. Mag. p. 299 (Heduph. v. 9 Vahl.): indu mari magno, id. ap. Macr. 6, 2 (Ann. v. 425 Vahl.); so, in mari magno, id. ap. Fest. p. 356 Mull.; cf. Lucr. 2, 554:
magnus fluens Nilus,
Verg. G. 3, 28; Sen. Q. N. 4, 2, 2:
magna et pulcra domus,
spacious, Cic. N. D. 2, 6, 17:
montes,
Cat. 64. 280; cf. Olympum, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 20 Mull. (Ann. v. 1 Vahl.):
templa caelitum,
vast, id. ib. 7, § 6 (Trag. v. 227 Vahl.): magnae quercus, great oaks, lofty oaks, id. ap. Macr. S. 6, 2 (Ann. v. 194 Vahl.):
aquae,
great floods, inundations, Liv. 24, 9: saxa maxima, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 16, 37:
oppidum maximum,
Caes. B. G. 1, 23.—
B.
Esp.
1.
Of measure, weight, quantity, great, much, abundant, considerable, etc.:
maximum pondus auri, magnum numerum frumenti, vim mellis maximam exportasse,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 72, § 176:
magna pecunia mutua,
id. Att. 11, 3, 3:
copia pabuli,
Caes. B. G. 1, 16:
multitudo peditatus,
id. ib. 4, 34:
divitiae,
Nep. Dion. 1, 2:
populus,
Verg. A. 1, 148.—
2.
Rarely of time, for longus, multus:
interea magnum sol circumvolvitur annum,
Verg. A. 3, 284:
magnum vocans solis (annum) comparatione lunaris,
Macr. S. 2, 11:
magno post tempore,
Just. 11, 10, 14; 32, 3, 10.—
3.
Of the voice, loud, powerful, strong, mighty:
magna voce confiteri,
Cic. Caecin. 32, 92: major pars, the majority:
tribunorum,
Liv. 9, 46, 7.
II.
Trop.
A.
In gen., great, grand, mighty, noble, lofty, important, of great weight or importance, momentous: cum magnis dis, Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 1, 12, 38 (Ann. v. 207 Vahl.); cf.: Saturnia magna dearum, id. ap. Prisc. p. 1103 P. (Ann. v. 482 Vahl.):
vir magnus in primis,
Cic. N. D. 1, 43, 120:
nemo igitur vir magnus sine aliquo adflatu divino umquam fuit,
id. ib. 2, 66, 167:
magnus hoc bello Themistocles fuit, nec minor in pace,
Nep. Them. 6, 1:
Cato clarus atque magnus habetur,
Sall. C. 53, 1:
amicus,
great, wealthy, Juv. 6, 312: res magnas parvasque Eloqui, Enn. ap. Gell. 12, 4 (Ann. v. 244 Vahl.):
virtus,
Caes. B. G. 2, 15:
infamia,
Cic. Fam. 1, 1:
eloquentia, gravitas, studium, contentio,
id. ib.:
multo major alacritas, studiumque pugnandi majus,
Caes. B. G. 1, 46:
causa,
great, important, weighty, Cic. Dom. 1, 1:
opus et arduum,
id. Or. 10, 33.— Absol. in neutr, sing. and plur.:
quamquam id magnum, et arduum est,
something great, Cic. Fam. 6, 7, 6: magna Di curant ( great things, important matters), parva neglegunt, id. N. D. 2, 66, 167:
magna loqui,
to say great things, speak boastfully, Tib. 2, 6, 11:
magnum est efficere, ut quis intellegat, quid sit illud, etc.,
it is a great, difficult, important thing, Cic. Ac. 1, 2, 7:
probitatem vel in eis, quos numquam vidimus, vel, quod majus est, in hoste etiam diligimus,
what is far greater, id. Lael. 9, 29: annus magnus, the great year, at the end of which the sun, moon, and planets were supposed to return to the same relative positions, the Piatonic year or cycle, consisting of 15000 years:
quarum (stellarum) ex disparibus motionibus, magnum annum mathematici nominaverunt, etc.,
Cic. N. D. 2, 20, 52; id. Fragm. ap. Tac. Or. 16.— Posit. in comparison: Alexander orbi magnus est, Alex. andro orbis angustus, great in comparison with, i. e. too great for, Sen. Suas. 1, 3.—
B.
In partic.
1.
Of age, with natu, advanced in years, of great age, aged:
jam magno natu,
Nep. Paus. 5; Liv. 3, 71, 3:
homo magnus natu,
id. 10, 38, 6.—Usually in the comp. and sup., with or without natu or annis, older, the elder, the oldest or eldest:
qui (Livius) fuit major natu quam Plautus et Naevius,
older than, earlier, Cic. Tusc. 1, 1, 3:
audivi ex majoribus natu,
id. Off. 1, 30, 109:
hic una e multis, quae maxima natu, Pyrgo,
Verg. A. 5, 644:
annos natus major quadraginta,
more than, Cic. Rosc. Am. 14, 39:
civis major annis viginti,
Suet. Caes. 42:
cum liberis, majoribus quam quindecim annos natis,
Liv. 45, 32.— Absol.: senis nostri frater major, the elder of two, Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 13:
ex duobus filiis major, Caes B. C. 3, 108, 3: Fabii Ambusti filiae duae nuptae, Ser. Sulpicio major minor Licinio Stoloni erat,
Liv. 6, 34:
Gelo maximus stirpis,
id. 23, 30:
ut nubere vellet mulier viro, major juniori,
App. Mag. 27, p. 291, 28; cf.
in gen.: Cyrus major,
Lact. 4, 5, 7:
quaerere uter major aetate fuerit, Homerus an Hesiodus, cum minor Hecuba fuerit quam Helena,
Sen. Ep. 88, 5.—In legal lang., major (opp. minor), one who has attained his twenty-fifth year, who is of age:
si minor negotiis majoris intervenerit,
Dig. 4, 4, 24.—In plur. subst.: mājō-res, um, m., adults (opp. pueri), Varr. L. L. 9, 10, § 16 Mull.—But usually majores, ancestors, forefathers:
Itan tandem hanc majores famam tradiderunt tibi tui, Ut, etc.,
Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 16:
ibi mei sunt majores siti, pater, avos, proavos, abavos,
id. Mil. 2, 4, 20:
L. Philippus, vir patre, avo, majoribus suis dignissimus,
Cic. Phil. 3, 10, 25:
patres majoresque nostri,
id. Div. in Caecil. 21, 69:
more majorum,
id. Att. 1, 1, 1:
spes tamen una est, aliquando populum Romanum majorum similem fore,
id. Fam. 12, 22, 2:
majores natu,
Nep. Iphicr. 1, 1:
maxima virgo,
the eldest of the Vestal virgins, Ov. F. 4, 639: major erus, the old master, the master of the house, the old man (opp.: minor erus, the young master): Le. Ubinam est erus? Li. Major apud forum'st, minor hic est intus, Plaut. As. 2, 2, 63: majores natu, of the Senate:
de istis rebus in patria majores natu consulemus,
Liv. 1, 32, 10.—In designating relationship, magnus denotes kindred of the fourth, major of the fifth, and maximus of the sixth degree; so, avunculus magnus, a great-uncle; amita magna, a greataunt; avunculus or amita major; avunculus maximus, amita maxima, etc.; v. h. vv., and cf. Dig. 38, 10, 10.—
2.
In specifications of value, in the neutr. absol., magni or magno, high, dear, of great value, at a high price, etc.; cf.: pretii majoris or maximi, higher, highest, very high:
magni esse,
to be highly esteemed, Cic. Fam. 13, 72, 2:
magni aestimare,
id. Tusc. 5, 7, 20:
magni existimans interesse ad decus,
to be of great consequence, id. N. D. 1, 4, 7:
emere agros poterunt quam volent magno,
id. Agr. 2, 13, 34:
magno vendere,
id. Verr. 2, 3, 30, § 71:
conducere aliquid nimium magno,
too high, too dear, id. Att. 1, 17, 9:
magno illi ea cunctatio stetit,
cost him dear, Liv. 2, 36.— Comp.:
ornatus muliebris majoris pretii,
Cic. Inv 1, 31, 51, rarely without pretii:
multo majoris alapae mecum veneunt,
dearer, higher, Phaedr. 2, 5, 25.— Sup.: te haec solum semper fecit maxumi, most highly prized, Ter And. 1, 5, 58:
senatus auctoritatem sibi maximi videri,
Cic. Att. 1, 14, 2: in majus, too greatly, too highly, greater than it is:
extollere aliquid in majus,
more highly than it deserves, Tac. A. 15, 30:
celebrare,
id. ib. 13, 8:
nuntiare,
id. H. 3, 38:
credere,
to believe a thing to be worse than it is, id. ib. 1, 18:
accipere,
to take a thing to be greater than it is, id. ib. 3, 8 init.: innotescere, in an exaggerated manner, id. ib 4, 50.—Also with abl., in majus vero ferri, Liv. 21, 32, 7.—
3.
Magnum and maximum, adverbially, greatly, loudly (ante- and post-class.):
magnum clamat,
greatly, with a loud voice, aloud, Plaut. Mil. 3, 2, 10:
inclamare,
Gell. 5, 9 fin.:
exclamat derepente maximum,
Plaut. Most. 2, 2, 57.—Hence, măgis, adv., only in comp. in this anomalous form (i. e. mag-ius, like pris-cus for [p. 1100] prius-cus, and pris-tinus for prius-tinus); and in sup.: maxĭmē ( maxŭmē).
A.
Comp.: magĭs (apocop. form, măgĕ, Plaut. As. 1, 1, 51; 2, 3, 14; id. Mon. 2, 3, 35; id. Poen. 1, 2, 64; 1, 2, 14; id. Trin. 4, 3, 46; id. Truc. 1, 2, 75; 3, 1, 17; 4, 4, 34; Lucr. 4, 81; 756; 5, 1203; Prop. 1, 11, 9; 3 (4), 14, 2; 4 (5), 8, 16; Verg. A. 10, 481; Sol. 22 fin.; but in Enn. ap. Cic. Fam. 7, 13, 2, magis or magi'. Acc. to Serv. Verg. A. 10, 481, Cicero in the Frumentaria wrote: mage condemnatum hominum in judicium adducere non posse), in a higher degree, more completely, more (for the difference between magis, plus, potius, and amplius, v. amplius).—
B.
In gen.
1.
With no qualifying words.
a.
With the addition of the second term of the comparison.
(α).
With verbs:
quae (facinora) istaec aetas fugere magis quam sectari solet,
Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 28:
saliendo sese exercebant magis, quam scorto aut saviis,
id. Bacch. 3, 3, 25; id. Pers. 4, 4, 108; 86:
magis honorem tribuere quam salutem accipere,
Caes. B. G. 7, 20, 7:
nisi forte magis erit parricida, si qui consularem patrem, quam si quis humilem necarit,
Cic. Mil. 7, 17:
magis ut consuetudinem servem, quam quod, etc.,
id. Clu. 32, 89.—Repeated:
quam magis exhausto spumaverit ubere mulctra, Laeta magis pressis manabunt flumina mammis, i. e. quo magis,... eo magis,
Verg. G. 3, 309 sq.; cf.:
tam magis illa fremens... quam magis effuso crudescunt sanguine pugnae,
id. ib. 7, 787 sq.; v. Hand, Turs. III. p. 566.—Magis est, quod or ut, there is greater reason, there is more cause that, etc.:
quamobrem etsi magis est, quod gratuler tibi, quam quod te rogem: tamen etiam rogo, etc.,
Cic. Att. 16, 5, 2:
magis est, ut ipse moleste ferat, errasse se, quam ut, etc.,
id. Cael. 6, 14.—
(β).
With substt., usu. with quam: tu me amoris magis quam honoris servavisti gratia, Poet. ap. Cic. Tusc. 4, 32, 69: bellipotentes sunt magi' quam sapientipotentes, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 2, 56, 116 (Ann. v. 188 Vahl.):
umbra es amantum magis quam amator,
Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 31:
magis adeo id facilitate quam alia ulla culpa mea contigit,
Cic. de Or. 2, 4, 15:
aditus ad consulatum non magis nobilitati quam virtuti pateret,
id. Mur. 8, 17:
magis ratione et consilio quam virtute vicisse,
Caes. B. G. 1, 40, 8; cf.:
ut magis virtute quam dolo contenderent,
id. ib. 1, 13, 6:
se magis consuetudine sua quam merito eorum civitatem conservaturum,
id. ib. 2, 32, 1:
timori magis quam religioni consulere,
id. B. C. 1, 67, 3:
jus bonumque apud eos non legibus magis quam natura valebat,
Sall. C. 9, 1:
non duces magis quam milites callent (obsistere, etc.),
Curt. 3, 2, 14.—And after negatives: non magis quam, as little as:
in dicendo irasci, dolere... non sunt figurae, non magis quam suadere,
Quint. 9, 1, 23:
Romanos nec magis jam dolo capi quam armis vinci posse,
Liv. 10, 4, 10:
pro certo habens non magis Antonio eripi se quam Caesari Brutum posse,
Sen. Suas. 6, 17:
non magis Alexandri saevitiam quam Bessi parricidium ferre potuisse,
Curt. 7, 6, 15; cf.:
nec magis post proelium quam in proelio caedibus temperatum est,
Liv. 2, 16, 9. —Followed by atque instead of quam (rare):
non Apollinis magis verum atque hoc responsum est,
Ter. And. 4, 2, 15.— With the comp. abl. (rare):
quid philosophia magis colendum?
Cic. Fin. 3, 22, 76:
quanto magis Aliensi die Aliam ipsam reformidaturos?
Liv. 6, 28, 6 Weissenb. ad loc.:
quam Juno fertur terris magis omnibus unam... coluisse,
Verg. A. 1, 15 (cf. B. 3. infra):
Albanum sive Falernum Te magis appositis delectat,
Hor. S. 2, 8, 17.—
(γ).
With pronn.:
quid habetis, qui mage immortales vos credam esse quam ego siem?
Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 64:
quis homo sit magis meus quam tu es?
id. Mil. 3, 1, 20:
quam mage amo quam matrem meam,
id. Truc. 3, 1, 17; cf.:
quem ego ecastor mage amo quam me,
id. ib. 4, 4, 34.—With utrum, followed by an:
jam scibo, utrum haec me mage amet, an marsupium,
Plaut. Men. 2, 3, 35.—With the abl. instead of quam:
nec magis hac infra quicquam est in corpore nostro,
Lucr. 3, 274; Verg. A. 1, 15.—
(δ).
With adjj. and advv., and esp. with those which do not admit the comparative termination (most freq. without adding the second term of the comparison; v. under b. d): numquam potuisti mihi Magis opportunus advenire quam advenis, Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 47:
neque lac lacti magis est simile, quam ille ego similis est mei,
id. Am. 2, 1, 54:
ars magis magna atque uber, quam difficilis et obscura,
Cic. de Or. 1, 42, 190:
corpora magna magis quam firma,
Liv. 5, 44, 4:
vultu pulchro magis quam venusto,
Suet. Ner. 51.—With the abl., Plaut. As. 3, 3, 114:
neque ego hoc homine quemquam vidi magis malum,
id. Ps. 4, 1, 27:
ab secundis rebus magis etiam solito incauti,
Liv. 5, 44, 6.—With compp. (adding to their force):
ita fustibus sum mollior miser magis quam ullus cinaedus,
Plaut. Aul. 3, 2, 8. —
b.
Without the addition of the second term.
(α).
With verbs: ergo plusque magisque viri nunc gloria claret, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 315 Vahl.):
sapiunt magis,
Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 4:
magis curae est, magisque afformido, ne, etc.,
id. ib. 4, 10, 3:
magis metuant,
id. Mil. 5, 44:
tum magis id diceres, Fanni, si, etc.,
Cic. Lael. 7 fin.; cf. id. Rep. 1, 40, 62:
cum Pompeius ita contendisset, ut nihil umquam magis,
id. Fam. 1, 9, 20:
magis velle, for malle: quod magis vellem evenire,
Ter. Eun. 5, 7, 1; Val. Fl. 3, 270.—
(β).
With substt.: non ex jure manum consertum sed magi' ferro, Enn. ap. Gell. 20, 10 (Ann. v. 276 Vahl.):
magis aedilis fieri non potuisset,
better, finer, Cic. Planc. 24, 60.—
(γ).
With pronn.:
ecastor neminem hodie mage Amat corde atque animo suo,
Plaut. Truc. 1, 2, 75.—
(δ).
With adjj. and advv. (so most freq.).—With adjj.:
ut quadam magis necessaria ratione recte sit vivendum,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 1, § 2:
magis anxius,
Ov. M. 1, 182:
hic magis tranquillu'st,
Plaut. Bacch. 5, 2, 55:
nihil videtur mundius, nec magis compositum quicquam, nec magis elegans,
Ter. Eun. 5, 4, 12:
nemo fuit magis severus nec magis continens,
id. ib. 2, 1, 21:
quod est magis verisimile,
Caes. B. G. 3, 13, 6:
magis admirabilis oratio,
Quint. 8, 3, 24:
magis communia verba,
id. 8, 2, 24 et saep.; rare: magis quam in aliis = praeter ceteros;
nescio quo pacto magis quam in aliis suum cuique pulchrum est,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 22, 63.— With advv.:
magis aperte,
Ter. Ad. 4, 5, 30:
magis impense,
id. ib. 5, 9, 36.—With compp. adding to their force:
magis est dulcius,
Plaut. Stich. 5, 4, 22:
magis majores nugae,
id. Men. prol. 55:
magis modum in majorem,
id. Am. 1, 1, 145:
contentiores mage erunt,
id. Poen. 2, 15.—
2.
Strengthened.
a.
By etiam, multo, tanto, eo, hoc, quo, tam, quam; and negatively, nihilo:
qualis in dicendo Hierocles Alabandeus, magis etiam Menecles, frater ejus, fuit,
Cic. Brut. 95, 325; id. Off. 1, 21, 72:
illud ad me, ac multo etiam magis ad vos,
id. de Or. 2, 32, 139:
tanto magis Dic, quis est?
Plaut. Bacch. 3, 6, 28:
ut quidque magis contemplor, tanto magis placet,
id. Most. 3, 2, 146:
vicina cacumina caelo, quam sint magis, tanto magis fument,
Lucr. 6, 460:
quanto ille plura miscebat, tanto hic magis in dies convalescebat,
Cic. Mil. 9, 25:
sed eo magis cauto est Opus, ne huc exeat, qui, etc.,
Plaut. Most. 4, 2, 22:
atque eo magis, si, etc.,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 1, § 1:
eoque magis quod, etc.,
id. Lael. 2, 7; Caes. B. G. 1, 23; 1, 47; 3, 14;
5, 1: immo vero etiam hoc magis, quam illi veteres, quod, etc.,
Cic. Agr. 2, 35, 97:
hoc vero magis properare Varro, ut, etc.,
Caes. B. C. 2, 20:
quo magis cogito ego cum meo animo,
Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 13; Nep. Thras. 2:
magis quam id reputo, tam magis uror,
Plaut. Bacch. 5, 1, 5:
tam magis illa fremens... Quam magis, etc.,
Verg. A. 7, 787:
quanto mage... tam magis,
Lucr. 4, 81 sq.:
quam magis in pectore meo foveo, quas meus filius turbas turbet... magis curae est magisque afformido, ne, etc.,
Plaut. Bacch. 4, 10, 1; 4, 4, 27; id. Men. 1, 1, 19:
quam magis te in altum capessis, tam aestus te in portum refert,
id. As. 1, 3, 6:
densior hinc suboles Quam magis, etc.,
Verg. G. 3, 309:
cum Vercingetorix nihilo magis in aequum locum descenderet,
Caes. B. G. 6, 53.—
b.
By reduplication: magis magisque, magis et magis, magis ac magis; and poet. also, magis magis, more and more: ex desiderio magis magisque maceror, Afran. ap. Charis. p. 182 P.:
cum cotidie magis magisque perditi homines tectis ac templis urbis minarentur,
Cic. Phil. 1, 2, 5; id. Fam. 2, 18, 2; 16, 21, 2; Sall. C. 5, 7; cf. Cic. Fil. Fam. 16, 21, 2:
de Graecia cotidie magis et magis cogito,
Cic. Att. 14, 18, 4; 16, 3, 1; id. Brut. 90, 308; Liv. 7, 32, 6; Sall. J. 8, 6:
magis deinde ac magis,
Suet. Vit. 10:
post hoc magis ac magis,
id. Gram. 3;
for which also: magisque ac magis deinceps,
id. Tit. 3; Tac. A. 14, 8; Sen. de Ira, 3, 1, 4; id. Ep. 114, 25; id. Ben. 2, 14, 4; Plin. Ep. 1, 12, 10; 7, 3, 4; 10, 28, 3.— Poet. also:
magis atque magis,
Verg. A. 12, 239; Cat. 68, 48:
post, vento crescente, magis magis increbescunt,
id. 64, 275; cf. Verg. G. 4, 311.—
3.
Pleon.
a.
With potius (anteclass.):
magis decorum'st Libertum potius quam patronum onus in via portare,
Plaut. As. 3, 3, 99:
mihi magis lubet cum probis potius quam cum improbis vivere,
id. Trin. 2, 1, 38.—
b.
With malle: quam cum lego, nihil malo quam has res relinquere;
his vero auditis multo magis,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 31, 76:
finge enim malle eum magis suum consequi quam, etc.,
Dig. 17, 2, 52, § 10. —
C.
In partic.: non (neque) magis quam.
1.
To signify perfect equality between two enunciations, no more... than; just as much... as; or neg., no more... than; just as little... as:
domus erat non domino magis ornamento quam civitati,
i. e. just as much to the city as to its owner, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 3, § 5; Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 4, 2:
non Hannibale magis victo a se quam Q. Fabio,
Liv. 22, 27, 2:
conficior enim maerore, mea Terentia, nec me meae miseriae magis excruciant quam tuae vestraeque,
Cic. Fam. 13, 3, 1; Liv. 9, 22.— Neg.: qui est enim animus in aliquo morbo... non magis est sanus, quam id corpus, quod in morbo est, i. e. is just as far from being sound as a body, etc., Cic. Tusc. 3, 5, 10:
si aliqua in re Verris similis fuero, non magis mihi deerit inimicus quam Verri defuit,
id. Verr. 2, 3, 69, § 162; id. Fam. 5, 12, 3; id. de Or. 2, 8, 31:
non nascitur itaque ex malo bonum, non magis quam ficus ex olea,
Sen. Ep. 87, 25;
Quint. prooem. § 26: non magis Gaium imperaturum, quam per Baianum sinum equis discursurum,
Suet. Calig. 19. —Ellipt.:
nec eo magis lege liberi sunto,
just as little from that as from the rest, Cic. Leg. 3, 4, 11.—
2.
For restricting the idea expressed in the clause with non magis, so that not more, according to a common figure of speech, = less; in Engl. not so much... as; less... than:
deinde credas mihi affirmanti velim, me hoc non pro Lysone magis quam pro omnibus scribere,
Cic. Fam. 13, 24; Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 17:
miserebat non poenae magis homines, quam sceleris, quo poenam meriti essent,
Liv. 2, 5; 1, 28.—
3.
Magis minusve, magis aut minus, or magis ac minus; post-Aug. for the usual plus minusve, more or less:
sed istud magis minusve vitiosum est pro personis dicentium,
Quint. 11, 1, 27; Plin. 17, 24, 37, § 220:
minora vero plerumque sunt talia, ut pro persona, tempore, loco, causa magis ac minus vel excusata debeant videri vel reprehendenda,
Quint. 11, 1, 14; Plin. 37, 5, 18, § 67:
quaedam tamen et nationibus puto magis aut minus convenire,
Sen. Ep. 40, 11; cf.:
quosdam minus aut magis osos veritatem,
id. Suas. 1, 5:
aut minus, aut magis,
id. Ep. 82, 14.—
4.
With alius... alio, etc.: ceterae philosophorum disciplinae, omnino alia magis alia, sed tamen omnes, one more than another, i. e. in different degrees, Cic. Fin. 3, 3, 11 Madvig. ad loc. (al.:
alia magis, alia minus, v. Hand, Turs. III. p. 560): mihi videntur omnes quidem illi errasse... sed alius alio magis,
Cic. Fin. 4, 16, 43:
sunt omnino omnes fere similes, sed declarant communis notiones, alia magis alia,
id. Tusc. 4, 24, 53:
alii aliis magis recusare,
Liv. 29, 15, 11.— Sup.: maxĭmē( maxŭmē), in the highest degree, most of all, most particularly, especially, exceedingly, very, etc.
A.
Lit.
1.
Alone.
a.
With a verb:
haec una res in omni libero populo maximeque in pacatis tranquillisque civitatibus praecipue semper floruit,
Cic. de Or. 1, 8, 30:
quid commemorem primum aut laudem maxime?
Ter. Eun. 5, 9, 14; 3, 1, 79:
nos coluit maxime,
id. Ad. 3, 2, 54:
quem convenire maxime cupiebam,
Plaut. Pers. 2, 4, 30; id. As. 3, 3, 133:
de te audiebamus ea, quae maxime vellemus,
Cic. Fam. 12, 25, a, 7; cf. id. Att. 13, 1:
extra quos (fines) egredi non possim, si maxime velim,
id. Quint. 10, 35:
in re publica maxime conservanda sunt jura belli,
most especially, id. Off. 1, 11, 33: huic legioni Caesar propter virtutem confidebat maxime, [p. 1101] Caes. B. G. 1, 40:
quem Homero crederet maxime accedere,
came nearest to, Quint. 10, 1, 86; cf.
pugnare,
most violently, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 271; 1, 1, 44:
jubere,
most positively, id. Bacch. 4, 9, 80:
id enim est profecto, quod constituta religione rem publicam contineat maxime,
Cic. Leg. 2, 27, 69; cf. maxime fin.:
ab eo exordiri volui maxime,
id. Off. 1, 2, 4:
cernere naturae vim maxime,
id. Tusc. 1, 15, 35.—
b.
With an adj.:
res maxime necessaria,
Cic. Lael. 23, 86:
loca maxime frumentaria,
Caes. B. G. 1, 10:
loci ad hoc maxime idonei,
Quint. 1, 11, 13:
maxime naturali carent amicitia,
Cic. Lael. 21, 80:
maxime feri,
Caes. B. G. 2, 4:
qui eo tempore maxime plebi acceptus erat,
id. ib. 1, 3:
idem ad augendam eloquentiam maxime accommodati erunt,
Quint. 1, 11, 13:
elegans maxime auctor,
id. 10, 1, 93:
maxime vero commune est quaerere, an sit honesta? etc.,
id. 2, 4, 37:
noto enim maxime utar exemplo,
id. 7, 3, 3.—So with supp.:
quae maxime liberalissima,
Cic. Att. 12, 38, 3:
maxime gravissimam omniumque (rerum),
Liv. 41, 23, 4 MS. (dub.: maxumam gravissimamque, Weissenb.). —
c.
With numerals, at most:
puer ad annos maxime natus octo,
Gell. 17, 8, 4.—
d.
With an adv.:
ut dicatis quam maxime ad veritatem accommodate,
Cic. de Or. 1, 33, 149 (v. infra 2).—
2.
Strengthened by unus, unus omnium, omnium, multo, vel, tam, quam, etc. (supply potest):
qui proelium unus maxime accenderat,
Curt. 5, 2, 5:
cum sua modestia unus omnium maxime floreret,
Nep. Milt. 1, 1:
quae maxime omnium belli avida,
Liv. 23, 49; 4, 59; cf. Drak. ad Liv. 36, 19, 4:
atque ea res multo maxime disjunxit illum ab illa,
Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 85:
imperium populi Romani multo maxime miserabile visum est,
Sall. C. 36, 4:
illud mihi videtur vel maxime confirmare, etc.,
Cic. N. D. 2, 65, 162:
hoc enim uno praestamus vel maxime feris,
id. de Or. 1, 8, 32:
quae quidem vel maxime suspicionem movent,
id. Part. Or. 33, 114:
quam potes, tam verba confer maxime ad compendium,
as much as possible, Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 186:
ego jubeo quam maxime unam facere nos hanc familiam,
Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 2:
ut quam maxime permaneant diuturna corpora,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 45, 108; id. de Or. 1, 34, 154:
quo mihi rectius videtur, memoriam nostri quam maxime longam efficere,
Sall. C. 1, 3:
ceterum illum juvenem incipere a quam maxime facili ac favorabili causa velim,
Quint. 12, 6, 6.—
3.
With the relative qui in the phrases, quam qui maxime and ut qui maxime:
tam enim sum amicus rei publicae, quam qui maxime,
as any one whatever, Cic. Fam. 5, 2, 6:
grata ea res, ut quae maxime senatui umquam fuit,
Liv. 5, 25; 7, 33.—
4.
With ut quisque... ita (maxime, potissimum or minime), the more... the more (or less):
hoc maxime officii est, ut quisque maxime opis indigeat, ita ei potissimum opitulari,
Cic. Off. 1, 15, 49:
ut quisque magnitudine animae maxime excellit, ita maxime, etc.,
id. ib. 1, 19, 64; cf.
, in the contrary order: colendum autem esse ita quemque maxime, ut quisque maxime virtutibus his lenioribus erit ornatus,
id. ib. 1, 15, 47:
ut enim quisque maxime ad suum commodum refert, quaecumque agit, ita minime est vir bonus,
id. Leg. 1, 18, 49.—
5.
In gradations, to denote the first and most desirable, first of all, in the first place:
hujus industriam maxime quidem vellem, ut imitarentur ii, quos oportebat: secundo autem loco, ne alterius labori inviderent,
Cic. Phil. 8, 10, 31; cf. id. Caecin. 9, 23:
si per eum reductus insidiose redissem, me scilicet maxime sed proxime illum quoque fefellissem,
id. Rab. Post. 12, 33:
in quo genere sunt maxime oves, deinde caprae,
Varr. R. R. 2, 9, 1:
maxime... dein,
Plin. 9, 16, 23, § 56:
sed vitem maxime populus videtur alere, deinde ulmus, post etiam fraxinus,
Col. 5, 6, 4:
maxime... deinde... postea... minume,
Plin. 37, 12, 75, § 196:
maxime... postea... ultimae,
Col. 6, 3, 6:
post Chium maxime laudatur Creticum, mox Aegyptium,
Plin. 18, 7, 17, § 77.—
B.
Transf.
1.
Like potissimum, to give prominence to an idea, especially, particularly, principally:
quae ratio poetas, maximeque Homerum impulit, ut, etc.,
Cic. N. D. 2, 6, 6; Varr. R. R. 1, 51, 1:
scribe aliquid, et maxime, si Pompeius Italia cedit,
Cic. Att. 7, 12, 4: de Cocceio et Libone quae scribis, approbo:
maxime quod de judicatu meo,
id. ib. 12, 19, 2; id. Fin. 5, 1, 1:
cognoscat etiam rerum gestarum et memoriae veteris ordinem, maxime scilicet nostrae civitatis,
id. Or. 34, 120; id. Att. 13, 1, 2.—So in the connection, cum... tum maxime; tum... tum maxime; ut... tum maxime, but more especially:
scio et perspexi saepe: cum antehac, tum hodie maxime,
Plaut. Mil. 4, 8, 56:
plena exemplorum est nostra res publica, cum saepe, tum maxime bello Punico secundo,
Cic. Off. 3, 11, 47; id. Att. 11, 6, 1; id. Fl. 38, 94:
tum exercitationibus crebris atque magnis, tum scribendo maxime persequatur,
id. de Or. 2, 23, 96:
longius autem procedens, ut in ceteris eloquentiae partibus, tum maxime, etc.,
id. Brut. 93, 320.— With nunc, nuper, tum, cum, just, precisely, exactly: Me. Quid? vostrum patri Filii quot eratis? M. Su. Ut nunc maxime memini, duo, just now, Plaut. Men. 5, 9, 58:
cum iis, quos nuper maxime liberaverat,
Caes. B. C. 3, 9:
ipse tum maxime admoto igne refovebat artus,
Curt. 8, 4, 25; 6, 6, 10; 5, 7, 2; Liv. 27, 4, 2 Drak.:
haec cum maxime loqueretur, sex lictores eum circumsistunt valentissimi,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 54, § 142; cf. id. ib. 2, 2, 76, § 187;
2, 4, 38, § 72: totius autem injustitiae nulla capitalior, quam eorum, qui cum maxime fallunt, id agunt, ut viri boni esse videantur,
id. Off. 1, 13, 41; Liv. 4, 3; 30, 33:
tum cum maxime,
at that precise time, at that moment, Liv. 40, 13, 4; 40, 32, 1; 33, 9, 3; 43, 7, 8; so,
tunc cum maxime,
Curt. 3, 2, 17:
nunc cum maxime,
Cic. Clu. 5, 12; id. Sen. 11, 38; Liv. 29, 17, 7; v. 2. cum.—
2.
In colloquial lang., to denote emphatic assent, certainly, by all means, very well, yes; and with immo, to express emphatic dissent, certainly not, by no means: Ar. Jace, pater, talos, ut porro nos jaciamus. De. Maxime, Plaut. As. 5, 2, 54; id. Curc. 2, 3, 36: Th. Nisi quid magis Es occupatus, operam mihi da. Si. Maxime, id. Most. 4, 3, 17; Ter. And. 4, 5, 23: Ca. Numquid peccatum est, Simo? Si. Immo maxime, Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 80; Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 31:
scilicet res ipsa aspera est, sed vos non timetis eam. Immo vero maxime,
Sall. C. 52, 28 (v. immo); v. Hand, Turs. III. p. 552-607.
2.
Magnus, i, m., a Roman surname, e. g. Cn. Pompeius Magnus; v. Pompeius.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > Magnus

49 magnus

1.
magnus, a, um (archaic gen. magnai for magnae:
magnai reipublicai gratia,
Plaut. Mil. 2, 1, 23), adj.; comp. mājor, us; sup. maxĭmus ( maxŭm-), a, um [root magh-; Sanscr. mahat, maba, great; Gr. megas; cf. meizôn for megiôn; cf. mêchos, majestas; also cf. root mak-; Gr. makros, and perh. makar], great, large.
I.
Lit., of physical size or quantity, great, large; of things, vast, extensive, spacious, etc.: nequam et magnus homo, a great, tall fellow, Lucil. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 32 Mull.; cf.
the double meaning: tu, bis denis grandia libris Qui scribis Priami proelia, magnus homo es,
a great man, Mart. 9, 51, 4: magna ossa lacertique Apparent homini, Lucil. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1:
magna ossa lacertosque Exuit,
Verg. A. 5, 422: (scarus) magnusque bonusque, Enn. ap. App. Mag. p. 299 (Heduph. v. 9 Vahl.): indu mari magno, id. ap. Macr. 6, 2 (Ann. v. 425 Vahl.); so, in mari magno, id. ap. Fest. p. 356 Mull.; cf. Lucr. 2, 554:
magnus fluens Nilus,
Verg. G. 3, 28; Sen. Q. N. 4, 2, 2:
magna et pulcra domus,
spacious, Cic. N. D. 2, 6, 17:
montes,
Cat. 64. 280; cf. Olympum, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 20 Mull. (Ann. v. 1 Vahl.):
templa caelitum,
vast, id. ib. 7, § 6 (Trag. v. 227 Vahl.): magnae quercus, great oaks, lofty oaks, id. ap. Macr. S. 6, 2 (Ann. v. 194 Vahl.):
aquae,
great floods, inundations, Liv. 24, 9: saxa maxima, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 16, 37:
oppidum maximum,
Caes. B. G. 1, 23.—
B.
Esp.
1.
Of measure, weight, quantity, great, much, abundant, considerable, etc.:
maximum pondus auri, magnum numerum frumenti, vim mellis maximam exportasse,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 72, § 176:
magna pecunia mutua,
id. Att. 11, 3, 3:
copia pabuli,
Caes. B. G. 1, 16:
multitudo peditatus,
id. ib. 4, 34:
divitiae,
Nep. Dion. 1, 2:
populus,
Verg. A. 1, 148.—
2.
Rarely of time, for longus, multus:
interea magnum sol circumvolvitur annum,
Verg. A. 3, 284:
magnum vocans solis (annum) comparatione lunaris,
Macr. S. 2, 11:
magno post tempore,
Just. 11, 10, 14; 32, 3, 10.—
3.
Of the voice, loud, powerful, strong, mighty:
magna voce confiteri,
Cic. Caecin. 32, 92: major pars, the majority:
tribunorum,
Liv. 9, 46, 7.
II.
Trop.
A.
In gen., great, grand, mighty, noble, lofty, important, of great weight or importance, momentous: cum magnis dis, Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 1, 12, 38 (Ann. v. 207 Vahl.); cf.: Saturnia magna dearum, id. ap. Prisc. p. 1103 P. (Ann. v. 482 Vahl.):
vir magnus in primis,
Cic. N. D. 1, 43, 120:
nemo igitur vir magnus sine aliquo adflatu divino umquam fuit,
id. ib. 2, 66, 167:
magnus hoc bello Themistocles fuit, nec minor in pace,
Nep. Them. 6, 1:
Cato clarus atque magnus habetur,
Sall. C. 53, 1:
amicus,
great, wealthy, Juv. 6, 312: res magnas parvasque Eloqui, Enn. ap. Gell. 12, 4 (Ann. v. 244 Vahl.):
virtus,
Caes. B. G. 2, 15:
infamia,
Cic. Fam. 1, 1:
eloquentia, gravitas, studium, contentio,
id. ib.:
multo major alacritas, studiumque pugnandi majus,
Caes. B. G. 1, 46:
causa,
great, important, weighty, Cic. Dom. 1, 1:
opus et arduum,
id. Or. 10, 33.— Absol. in neutr, sing. and plur.:
quamquam id magnum, et arduum est,
something great, Cic. Fam. 6, 7, 6: magna Di curant ( great things, important matters), parva neglegunt, id. N. D. 2, 66, 167:
magna loqui,
to say great things, speak boastfully, Tib. 2, 6, 11:
magnum est efficere, ut quis intellegat, quid sit illud, etc.,
it is a great, difficult, important thing, Cic. Ac. 1, 2, 7:
probitatem vel in eis, quos numquam vidimus, vel, quod majus est, in hoste etiam diligimus,
what is far greater, id. Lael. 9, 29: annus magnus, the great year, at the end of which the sun, moon, and planets were supposed to return to the same relative positions, the Piatonic year or cycle, consisting of 15000 years:
quarum (stellarum) ex disparibus motionibus, magnum annum mathematici nominaverunt, etc.,
Cic. N. D. 2, 20, 52; id. Fragm. ap. Tac. Or. 16.— Posit. in comparison: Alexander orbi magnus est, Alex. andro orbis angustus, great in comparison with, i. e. too great for, Sen. Suas. 1, 3.—
B.
In partic.
1.
Of age, with natu, advanced in years, of great age, aged:
jam magno natu,
Nep. Paus. 5; Liv. 3, 71, 3:
homo magnus natu,
id. 10, 38, 6.—Usually in the comp. and sup., with or without natu or annis, older, the elder, the oldest or eldest:
qui (Livius) fuit major natu quam Plautus et Naevius,
older than, earlier, Cic. Tusc. 1, 1, 3:
audivi ex majoribus natu,
id. Off. 1, 30, 109:
hic una e multis, quae maxima natu, Pyrgo,
Verg. A. 5, 644:
annos natus major quadraginta,
more than, Cic. Rosc. Am. 14, 39:
civis major annis viginti,
Suet. Caes. 42:
cum liberis, majoribus quam quindecim annos natis,
Liv. 45, 32.— Absol.: senis nostri frater major, the elder of two, Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 13:
ex duobus filiis major, Caes B. C. 3, 108, 3: Fabii Ambusti filiae duae nuptae, Ser. Sulpicio major minor Licinio Stoloni erat,
Liv. 6, 34:
Gelo maximus stirpis,
id. 23, 30:
ut nubere vellet mulier viro, major juniori,
App. Mag. 27, p. 291, 28; cf.
in gen.: Cyrus major,
Lact. 4, 5, 7:
quaerere uter major aetate fuerit, Homerus an Hesiodus, cum minor Hecuba fuerit quam Helena,
Sen. Ep. 88, 5.—In legal lang., major (opp. minor), one who has attained his twenty-fifth year, who is of age:
si minor negotiis majoris intervenerit,
Dig. 4, 4, 24.—In plur. subst.: mājō-res, um, m., adults (opp. pueri), Varr. L. L. 9, 10, § 16 Mull.—But usually majores, ancestors, forefathers:
Itan tandem hanc majores famam tradiderunt tibi tui, Ut, etc.,
Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 16:
ibi mei sunt majores siti, pater, avos, proavos, abavos,
id. Mil. 2, 4, 20:
L. Philippus, vir patre, avo, majoribus suis dignissimus,
Cic. Phil. 3, 10, 25:
patres majoresque nostri,
id. Div. in Caecil. 21, 69:
more majorum,
id. Att. 1, 1, 1:
spes tamen una est, aliquando populum Romanum majorum similem fore,
id. Fam. 12, 22, 2:
majores natu,
Nep. Iphicr. 1, 1:
maxima virgo,
the eldest of the Vestal virgins, Ov. F. 4, 639: major erus, the old master, the master of the house, the old man (opp.: minor erus, the young master): Le. Ubinam est erus? Li. Major apud forum'st, minor hic est intus, Plaut. As. 2, 2, 63: majores natu, of the Senate:
de istis rebus in patria majores natu consulemus,
Liv. 1, 32, 10.—In designating relationship, magnus denotes kindred of the fourth, major of the fifth, and maximus of the sixth degree; so, avunculus magnus, a great-uncle; amita magna, a greataunt; avunculus or amita major; avunculus maximus, amita maxima, etc.; v. h. vv., and cf. Dig. 38, 10, 10.—
2.
In specifications of value, in the neutr. absol., magni or magno, high, dear, of great value, at a high price, etc.; cf.: pretii majoris or maximi, higher, highest, very high:
magni esse,
to be highly esteemed, Cic. Fam. 13, 72, 2:
magni aestimare,
id. Tusc. 5, 7, 20:
magni existimans interesse ad decus,
to be of great consequence, id. N. D. 1, 4, 7:
emere agros poterunt quam volent magno,
id. Agr. 2, 13, 34:
magno vendere,
id. Verr. 2, 3, 30, § 71:
conducere aliquid nimium magno,
too high, too dear, id. Att. 1, 17, 9:
magno illi ea cunctatio stetit,
cost him dear, Liv. 2, 36.— Comp.:
ornatus muliebris majoris pretii,
Cic. Inv 1, 31, 51, rarely without pretii:
multo majoris alapae mecum veneunt,
dearer, higher, Phaedr. 2, 5, 25.— Sup.: te haec solum semper fecit maxumi, most highly prized, Ter And. 1, 5, 58:
senatus auctoritatem sibi maximi videri,
Cic. Att. 1, 14, 2: in majus, too greatly, too highly, greater than it is:
extollere aliquid in majus,
more highly than it deserves, Tac. A. 15, 30:
celebrare,
id. ib. 13, 8:
nuntiare,
id. H. 3, 38:
credere,
to believe a thing to be worse than it is, id. ib. 1, 18:
accipere,
to take a thing to be greater than it is, id. ib. 3, 8 init.: innotescere, in an exaggerated manner, id. ib 4, 50.—Also with abl., in majus vero ferri, Liv. 21, 32, 7.—
3.
Magnum and maximum, adverbially, greatly, loudly (ante- and post-class.):
magnum clamat,
greatly, with a loud voice, aloud, Plaut. Mil. 3, 2, 10:
inclamare,
Gell. 5, 9 fin.:
exclamat derepente maximum,
Plaut. Most. 2, 2, 57.—Hence, măgis, adv., only in comp. in this anomalous form (i. e. mag-ius, like pris-cus for [p. 1100] prius-cus, and pris-tinus for prius-tinus); and in sup.: maxĭmē ( maxŭmē).
A.
Comp.: magĭs (apocop. form, măgĕ, Plaut. As. 1, 1, 51; 2, 3, 14; id. Mon. 2, 3, 35; id. Poen. 1, 2, 64; 1, 2, 14; id. Trin. 4, 3, 46; id. Truc. 1, 2, 75; 3, 1, 17; 4, 4, 34; Lucr. 4, 81; 756; 5, 1203; Prop. 1, 11, 9; 3 (4), 14, 2; 4 (5), 8, 16; Verg. A. 10, 481; Sol. 22 fin.; but in Enn. ap. Cic. Fam. 7, 13, 2, magis or magi'. Acc. to Serv. Verg. A. 10, 481, Cicero in the Frumentaria wrote: mage condemnatum hominum in judicium adducere non posse), in a higher degree, more completely, more (for the difference between magis, plus, potius, and amplius, v. amplius).—
B.
In gen.
1.
With no qualifying words.
a.
With the addition of the second term of the comparison.
(α).
With verbs:
quae (facinora) istaec aetas fugere magis quam sectari solet,
Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 28:
saliendo sese exercebant magis, quam scorto aut saviis,
id. Bacch. 3, 3, 25; id. Pers. 4, 4, 108; 86:
magis honorem tribuere quam salutem accipere,
Caes. B. G. 7, 20, 7:
nisi forte magis erit parricida, si qui consularem patrem, quam si quis humilem necarit,
Cic. Mil. 7, 17:
magis ut consuetudinem servem, quam quod, etc.,
id. Clu. 32, 89.—Repeated:
quam magis exhausto spumaverit ubere mulctra, Laeta magis pressis manabunt flumina mammis, i. e. quo magis,... eo magis,
Verg. G. 3, 309 sq.; cf.:
tam magis illa fremens... quam magis effuso crudescunt sanguine pugnae,
id. ib. 7, 787 sq.; v. Hand, Turs. III. p. 566.—Magis est, quod or ut, there is greater reason, there is more cause that, etc.:
quamobrem etsi magis est, quod gratuler tibi, quam quod te rogem: tamen etiam rogo, etc.,
Cic. Att. 16, 5, 2:
magis est, ut ipse moleste ferat, errasse se, quam ut, etc.,
id. Cael. 6, 14.—
(β).
With substt., usu. with quam: tu me amoris magis quam honoris servavisti gratia, Poet. ap. Cic. Tusc. 4, 32, 69: bellipotentes sunt magi' quam sapientipotentes, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 2, 56, 116 (Ann. v. 188 Vahl.):
umbra es amantum magis quam amator,
Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 31:
magis adeo id facilitate quam alia ulla culpa mea contigit,
Cic. de Or. 2, 4, 15:
aditus ad consulatum non magis nobilitati quam virtuti pateret,
id. Mur. 8, 17:
magis ratione et consilio quam virtute vicisse,
Caes. B. G. 1, 40, 8; cf.:
ut magis virtute quam dolo contenderent,
id. ib. 1, 13, 6:
se magis consuetudine sua quam merito eorum civitatem conservaturum,
id. ib. 2, 32, 1:
timori magis quam religioni consulere,
id. B. C. 1, 67, 3:
jus bonumque apud eos non legibus magis quam natura valebat,
Sall. C. 9, 1:
non duces magis quam milites callent (obsistere, etc.),
Curt. 3, 2, 14.—And after negatives: non magis quam, as little as:
in dicendo irasci, dolere... non sunt figurae, non magis quam suadere,
Quint. 9, 1, 23:
Romanos nec magis jam dolo capi quam armis vinci posse,
Liv. 10, 4, 10:
pro certo habens non magis Antonio eripi se quam Caesari Brutum posse,
Sen. Suas. 6, 17:
non magis Alexandri saevitiam quam Bessi parricidium ferre potuisse,
Curt. 7, 6, 15; cf.:
nec magis post proelium quam in proelio caedibus temperatum est,
Liv. 2, 16, 9. —Followed by atque instead of quam (rare):
non Apollinis magis verum atque hoc responsum est,
Ter. And. 4, 2, 15.— With the comp. abl. (rare):
quid philosophia magis colendum?
Cic. Fin. 3, 22, 76:
quanto magis Aliensi die Aliam ipsam reformidaturos?
Liv. 6, 28, 6 Weissenb. ad loc.:
quam Juno fertur terris magis omnibus unam... coluisse,
Verg. A. 1, 15 (cf. B. 3. infra):
Albanum sive Falernum Te magis appositis delectat,
Hor. S. 2, 8, 17.—
(γ).
With pronn.:
quid habetis, qui mage immortales vos credam esse quam ego siem?
Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 64:
quis homo sit magis meus quam tu es?
id. Mil. 3, 1, 20:
quam mage amo quam matrem meam,
id. Truc. 3, 1, 17; cf.:
quem ego ecastor mage amo quam me,
id. ib. 4, 4, 34.—With utrum, followed by an:
jam scibo, utrum haec me mage amet, an marsupium,
Plaut. Men. 2, 3, 35.—With the abl. instead of quam:
nec magis hac infra quicquam est in corpore nostro,
Lucr. 3, 274; Verg. A. 1, 15.—
(δ).
With adjj. and advv., and esp. with those which do not admit the comparative termination (most freq. without adding the second term of the comparison; v. under b. d): numquam potuisti mihi Magis opportunus advenire quam advenis, Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 47:
neque lac lacti magis est simile, quam ille ego similis est mei,
id. Am. 2, 1, 54:
ars magis magna atque uber, quam difficilis et obscura,
Cic. de Or. 1, 42, 190:
corpora magna magis quam firma,
Liv. 5, 44, 4:
vultu pulchro magis quam venusto,
Suet. Ner. 51.—With the abl., Plaut. As. 3, 3, 114:
neque ego hoc homine quemquam vidi magis malum,
id. Ps. 4, 1, 27:
ab secundis rebus magis etiam solito incauti,
Liv. 5, 44, 6.—With compp. (adding to their force):
ita fustibus sum mollior miser magis quam ullus cinaedus,
Plaut. Aul. 3, 2, 8. —
b.
Without the addition of the second term.
(α).
With verbs: ergo plusque magisque viri nunc gloria claret, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 315 Vahl.):
sapiunt magis,
Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 4:
magis curae est, magisque afformido, ne, etc.,
id. ib. 4, 10, 3:
magis metuant,
id. Mil. 5, 44:
tum magis id diceres, Fanni, si, etc.,
Cic. Lael. 7 fin.; cf. id. Rep. 1, 40, 62:
cum Pompeius ita contendisset, ut nihil umquam magis,
id. Fam. 1, 9, 20:
magis velle, for malle: quod magis vellem evenire,
Ter. Eun. 5, 7, 1; Val. Fl. 3, 270.—
(β).
With substt.: non ex jure manum consertum sed magi' ferro, Enn. ap. Gell. 20, 10 (Ann. v. 276 Vahl.):
magis aedilis fieri non potuisset,
better, finer, Cic. Planc. 24, 60.—
(γ).
With pronn.:
ecastor neminem hodie mage Amat corde atque animo suo,
Plaut. Truc. 1, 2, 75.—
(δ).
With adjj. and advv. (so most freq.).—With adjj.:
ut quadam magis necessaria ratione recte sit vivendum,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 1, § 2:
magis anxius,
Ov. M. 1, 182:
hic magis tranquillu'st,
Plaut. Bacch. 5, 2, 55:
nihil videtur mundius, nec magis compositum quicquam, nec magis elegans,
Ter. Eun. 5, 4, 12:
nemo fuit magis severus nec magis continens,
id. ib. 2, 1, 21:
quod est magis verisimile,
Caes. B. G. 3, 13, 6:
magis admirabilis oratio,
Quint. 8, 3, 24:
magis communia verba,
id. 8, 2, 24 et saep.; rare: magis quam in aliis = praeter ceteros;
nescio quo pacto magis quam in aliis suum cuique pulchrum est,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 22, 63.— With advv.:
magis aperte,
Ter. Ad. 4, 5, 30:
magis impense,
id. ib. 5, 9, 36.—With compp. adding to their force:
magis est dulcius,
Plaut. Stich. 5, 4, 22:
magis majores nugae,
id. Men. prol. 55:
magis modum in majorem,
id. Am. 1, 1, 145:
contentiores mage erunt,
id. Poen. 2, 15.—
2.
Strengthened.
a.
By etiam, multo, tanto, eo, hoc, quo, tam, quam; and negatively, nihilo:
qualis in dicendo Hierocles Alabandeus, magis etiam Menecles, frater ejus, fuit,
Cic. Brut. 95, 325; id. Off. 1, 21, 72:
illud ad me, ac multo etiam magis ad vos,
id. de Or. 2, 32, 139:
tanto magis Dic, quis est?
Plaut. Bacch. 3, 6, 28:
ut quidque magis contemplor, tanto magis placet,
id. Most. 3, 2, 146:
vicina cacumina caelo, quam sint magis, tanto magis fument,
Lucr. 6, 460:
quanto ille plura miscebat, tanto hic magis in dies convalescebat,
Cic. Mil. 9, 25:
sed eo magis cauto est Opus, ne huc exeat, qui, etc.,
Plaut. Most. 4, 2, 22:
atque eo magis, si, etc.,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 1, § 1:
eoque magis quod, etc.,
id. Lael. 2, 7; Caes. B. G. 1, 23; 1, 47; 3, 14;
5, 1: immo vero etiam hoc magis, quam illi veteres, quod, etc.,
Cic. Agr. 2, 35, 97:
hoc vero magis properare Varro, ut, etc.,
Caes. B. C. 2, 20:
quo magis cogito ego cum meo animo,
Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 13; Nep. Thras. 2:
magis quam id reputo, tam magis uror,
Plaut. Bacch. 5, 1, 5:
tam magis illa fremens... Quam magis, etc.,
Verg. A. 7, 787:
quanto mage... tam magis,
Lucr. 4, 81 sq.:
quam magis in pectore meo foveo, quas meus filius turbas turbet... magis curae est magisque afformido, ne, etc.,
Plaut. Bacch. 4, 10, 1; 4, 4, 27; id. Men. 1, 1, 19:
quam magis te in altum capessis, tam aestus te in portum refert,
id. As. 1, 3, 6:
densior hinc suboles Quam magis, etc.,
Verg. G. 3, 309:
cum Vercingetorix nihilo magis in aequum locum descenderet,
Caes. B. G. 6, 53.—
b.
By reduplication: magis magisque, magis et magis, magis ac magis; and poet. also, magis magis, more and more: ex desiderio magis magisque maceror, Afran. ap. Charis. p. 182 P.:
cum cotidie magis magisque perditi homines tectis ac templis urbis minarentur,
Cic. Phil. 1, 2, 5; id. Fam. 2, 18, 2; 16, 21, 2; Sall. C. 5, 7; cf. Cic. Fil. Fam. 16, 21, 2:
de Graecia cotidie magis et magis cogito,
Cic. Att. 14, 18, 4; 16, 3, 1; id. Brut. 90, 308; Liv. 7, 32, 6; Sall. J. 8, 6:
magis deinde ac magis,
Suet. Vit. 10:
post hoc magis ac magis,
id. Gram. 3;
for which also: magisque ac magis deinceps,
id. Tit. 3; Tac. A. 14, 8; Sen. de Ira, 3, 1, 4; id. Ep. 114, 25; id. Ben. 2, 14, 4; Plin. Ep. 1, 12, 10; 7, 3, 4; 10, 28, 3.— Poet. also:
magis atque magis,
Verg. A. 12, 239; Cat. 68, 48:
post, vento crescente, magis magis increbescunt,
id. 64, 275; cf. Verg. G. 4, 311.—
3.
Pleon.
a.
With potius (anteclass.):
magis decorum'st Libertum potius quam patronum onus in via portare,
Plaut. As. 3, 3, 99:
mihi magis lubet cum probis potius quam cum improbis vivere,
id. Trin. 2, 1, 38.—
b.
With malle: quam cum lego, nihil malo quam has res relinquere;
his vero auditis multo magis,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 31, 76:
finge enim malle eum magis suum consequi quam, etc.,
Dig. 17, 2, 52, § 10. —
C.
In partic.: non (neque) magis quam.
1.
To signify perfect equality between two enunciations, no more... than; just as much... as; or neg., no more... than; just as little... as:
domus erat non domino magis ornamento quam civitati,
i. e. just as much to the city as to its owner, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 3, § 5; Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 4, 2:
non Hannibale magis victo a se quam Q. Fabio,
Liv. 22, 27, 2:
conficior enim maerore, mea Terentia, nec me meae miseriae magis excruciant quam tuae vestraeque,
Cic. Fam. 13, 3, 1; Liv. 9, 22.— Neg.: qui est enim animus in aliquo morbo... non magis est sanus, quam id corpus, quod in morbo est, i. e. is just as far from being sound as a body, etc., Cic. Tusc. 3, 5, 10:
si aliqua in re Verris similis fuero, non magis mihi deerit inimicus quam Verri defuit,
id. Verr. 2, 3, 69, § 162; id. Fam. 5, 12, 3; id. de Or. 2, 8, 31:
non nascitur itaque ex malo bonum, non magis quam ficus ex olea,
Sen. Ep. 87, 25;
Quint. prooem. § 26: non magis Gaium imperaturum, quam per Baianum sinum equis discursurum,
Suet. Calig. 19. —Ellipt.:
nec eo magis lege liberi sunto,
just as little from that as from the rest, Cic. Leg. 3, 4, 11.—
2.
For restricting the idea expressed in the clause with non magis, so that not more, according to a common figure of speech, = less; in Engl. not so much... as; less... than:
deinde credas mihi affirmanti velim, me hoc non pro Lysone magis quam pro omnibus scribere,
Cic. Fam. 13, 24; Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 17:
miserebat non poenae magis homines, quam sceleris, quo poenam meriti essent,
Liv. 2, 5; 1, 28.—
3.
Magis minusve, magis aut minus, or magis ac minus; post-Aug. for the usual plus minusve, more or less:
sed istud magis minusve vitiosum est pro personis dicentium,
Quint. 11, 1, 27; Plin. 17, 24, 37, § 220:
minora vero plerumque sunt talia, ut pro persona, tempore, loco, causa magis ac minus vel excusata debeant videri vel reprehendenda,
Quint. 11, 1, 14; Plin. 37, 5, 18, § 67:
quaedam tamen et nationibus puto magis aut minus convenire,
Sen. Ep. 40, 11; cf.:
quosdam minus aut magis osos veritatem,
id. Suas. 1, 5:
aut minus, aut magis,
id. Ep. 82, 14.—
4.
With alius... alio, etc.: ceterae philosophorum disciplinae, omnino alia magis alia, sed tamen omnes, one more than another, i. e. in different degrees, Cic. Fin. 3, 3, 11 Madvig. ad loc. (al.:
alia magis, alia minus, v. Hand, Turs. III. p. 560): mihi videntur omnes quidem illi errasse... sed alius alio magis,
Cic. Fin. 4, 16, 43:
sunt omnino omnes fere similes, sed declarant communis notiones, alia magis alia,
id. Tusc. 4, 24, 53:
alii aliis magis recusare,
Liv. 29, 15, 11.— Sup.: maxĭmē( maxŭmē), in the highest degree, most of all, most particularly, especially, exceedingly, very, etc.
A.
Lit.
1.
Alone.
a.
With a verb:
haec una res in omni libero populo maximeque in pacatis tranquillisque civitatibus praecipue semper floruit,
Cic. de Or. 1, 8, 30:
quid commemorem primum aut laudem maxime?
Ter. Eun. 5, 9, 14; 3, 1, 79:
nos coluit maxime,
id. Ad. 3, 2, 54:
quem convenire maxime cupiebam,
Plaut. Pers. 2, 4, 30; id. As. 3, 3, 133:
de te audiebamus ea, quae maxime vellemus,
Cic. Fam. 12, 25, a, 7; cf. id. Att. 13, 1:
extra quos (fines) egredi non possim, si maxime velim,
id. Quint. 10, 35:
in re publica maxime conservanda sunt jura belli,
most especially, id. Off. 1, 11, 33: huic legioni Caesar propter virtutem confidebat maxime, [p. 1101] Caes. B. G. 1, 40:
quem Homero crederet maxime accedere,
came nearest to, Quint. 10, 1, 86; cf.
pugnare,
most violently, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 271; 1, 1, 44:
jubere,
most positively, id. Bacch. 4, 9, 80:
id enim est profecto, quod constituta religione rem publicam contineat maxime,
Cic. Leg. 2, 27, 69; cf. maxime fin.:
ab eo exordiri volui maxime,
id. Off. 1, 2, 4:
cernere naturae vim maxime,
id. Tusc. 1, 15, 35.—
b.
With an adj.:
res maxime necessaria,
Cic. Lael. 23, 86:
loca maxime frumentaria,
Caes. B. G. 1, 10:
loci ad hoc maxime idonei,
Quint. 1, 11, 13:
maxime naturali carent amicitia,
Cic. Lael. 21, 80:
maxime feri,
Caes. B. G. 2, 4:
qui eo tempore maxime plebi acceptus erat,
id. ib. 1, 3:
idem ad augendam eloquentiam maxime accommodati erunt,
Quint. 1, 11, 13:
elegans maxime auctor,
id. 10, 1, 93:
maxime vero commune est quaerere, an sit honesta? etc.,
id. 2, 4, 37:
noto enim maxime utar exemplo,
id. 7, 3, 3.—So with supp.:
quae maxime liberalissima,
Cic. Att. 12, 38, 3:
maxime gravissimam omniumque (rerum),
Liv. 41, 23, 4 MS. (dub.: maxumam gravissimamque, Weissenb.). —
c.
With numerals, at most:
puer ad annos maxime natus octo,
Gell. 17, 8, 4.—
d.
With an adv.:
ut dicatis quam maxime ad veritatem accommodate,
Cic. de Or. 1, 33, 149 (v. infra 2).—
2.
Strengthened by unus, unus omnium, omnium, multo, vel, tam, quam, etc. (supply potest):
qui proelium unus maxime accenderat,
Curt. 5, 2, 5:
cum sua modestia unus omnium maxime floreret,
Nep. Milt. 1, 1:
quae maxime omnium belli avida,
Liv. 23, 49; 4, 59; cf. Drak. ad Liv. 36, 19, 4:
atque ea res multo maxime disjunxit illum ab illa,
Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 85:
imperium populi Romani multo maxime miserabile visum est,
Sall. C. 36, 4:
illud mihi videtur vel maxime confirmare, etc.,
Cic. N. D. 2, 65, 162:
hoc enim uno praestamus vel maxime feris,
id. de Or. 1, 8, 32:
quae quidem vel maxime suspicionem movent,
id. Part. Or. 33, 114:
quam potes, tam verba confer maxime ad compendium,
as much as possible, Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 186:
ego jubeo quam maxime unam facere nos hanc familiam,
Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 2:
ut quam maxime permaneant diuturna corpora,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 45, 108; id. de Or. 1, 34, 154:
quo mihi rectius videtur, memoriam nostri quam maxime longam efficere,
Sall. C. 1, 3:
ceterum illum juvenem incipere a quam maxime facili ac favorabili causa velim,
Quint. 12, 6, 6.—
3.
With the relative qui in the phrases, quam qui maxime and ut qui maxime:
tam enim sum amicus rei publicae, quam qui maxime,
as any one whatever, Cic. Fam. 5, 2, 6:
grata ea res, ut quae maxime senatui umquam fuit,
Liv. 5, 25; 7, 33.—
4.
With ut quisque... ita (maxime, potissimum or minime), the more... the more (or less):
hoc maxime officii est, ut quisque maxime opis indigeat, ita ei potissimum opitulari,
Cic. Off. 1, 15, 49:
ut quisque magnitudine animae maxime excellit, ita maxime, etc.,
id. ib. 1, 19, 64; cf.
, in the contrary order: colendum autem esse ita quemque maxime, ut quisque maxime virtutibus his lenioribus erit ornatus,
id. ib. 1, 15, 47:
ut enim quisque maxime ad suum commodum refert, quaecumque agit, ita minime est vir bonus,
id. Leg. 1, 18, 49.—
5.
In gradations, to denote the first and most desirable, first of all, in the first place:
hujus industriam maxime quidem vellem, ut imitarentur ii, quos oportebat: secundo autem loco, ne alterius labori inviderent,
Cic. Phil. 8, 10, 31; cf. id. Caecin. 9, 23:
si per eum reductus insidiose redissem, me scilicet maxime sed proxime illum quoque fefellissem,
id. Rab. Post. 12, 33:
in quo genere sunt maxime oves, deinde caprae,
Varr. R. R. 2, 9, 1:
maxime... dein,
Plin. 9, 16, 23, § 56:
sed vitem maxime populus videtur alere, deinde ulmus, post etiam fraxinus,
Col. 5, 6, 4:
maxime... deinde... postea... minume,
Plin. 37, 12, 75, § 196:
maxime... postea... ultimae,
Col. 6, 3, 6:
post Chium maxime laudatur Creticum, mox Aegyptium,
Plin. 18, 7, 17, § 77.—
B.
Transf.
1.
Like potissimum, to give prominence to an idea, especially, particularly, principally:
quae ratio poetas, maximeque Homerum impulit, ut, etc.,
Cic. N. D. 2, 6, 6; Varr. R. R. 1, 51, 1:
scribe aliquid, et maxime, si Pompeius Italia cedit,
Cic. Att. 7, 12, 4: de Cocceio et Libone quae scribis, approbo:
maxime quod de judicatu meo,
id. ib. 12, 19, 2; id. Fin. 5, 1, 1:
cognoscat etiam rerum gestarum et memoriae veteris ordinem, maxime scilicet nostrae civitatis,
id. Or. 34, 120; id. Att. 13, 1, 2.—So in the connection, cum... tum maxime; tum... tum maxime; ut... tum maxime, but more especially:
scio et perspexi saepe: cum antehac, tum hodie maxime,
Plaut. Mil. 4, 8, 56:
plena exemplorum est nostra res publica, cum saepe, tum maxime bello Punico secundo,
Cic. Off. 3, 11, 47; id. Att. 11, 6, 1; id. Fl. 38, 94:
tum exercitationibus crebris atque magnis, tum scribendo maxime persequatur,
id. de Or. 2, 23, 96:
longius autem procedens, ut in ceteris eloquentiae partibus, tum maxime, etc.,
id. Brut. 93, 320.— With nunc, nuper, tum, cum, just, precisely, exactly: Me. Quid? vostrum patri Filii quot eratis? M. Su. Ut nunc maxime memini, duo, just now, Plaut. Men. 5, 9, 58:
cum iis, quos nuper maxime liberaverat,
Caes. B. C. 3, 9:
ipse tum maxime admoto igne refovebat artus,
Curt. 8, 4, 25; 6, 6, 10; 5, 7, 2; Liv. 27, 4, 2 Drak.:
haec cum maxime loqueretur, sex lictores eum circumsistunt valentissimi,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 54, § 142; cf. id. ib. 2, 2, 76, § 187;
2, 4, 38, § 72: totius autem injustitiae nulla capitalior, quam eorum, qui cum maxime fallunt, id agunt, ut viri boni esse videantur,
id. Off. 1, 13, 41; Liv. 4, 3; 30, 33:
tum cum maxime,
at that precise time, at that moment, Liv. 40, 13, 4; 40, 32, 1; 33, 9, 3; 43, 7, 8; so,
tunc cum maxime,
Curt. 3, 2, 17:
nunc cum maxime,
Cic. Clu. 5, 12; id. Sen. 11, 38; Liv. 29, 17, 7; v. 2. cum.—
2.
In colloquial lang., to denote emphatic assent, certainly, by all means, very well, yes; and with immo, to express emphatic dissent, certainly not, by no means: Ar. Jace, pater, talos, ut porro nos jaciamus. De. Maxime, Plaut. As. 5, 2, 54; id. Curc. 2, 3, 36: Th. Nisi quid magis Es occupatus, operam mihi da. Si. Maxime, id. Most. 4, 3, 17; Ter. And. 4, 5, 23: Ca. Numquid peccatum est, Simo? Si. Immo maxime, Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 80; Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 31:
scilicet res ipsa aspera est, sed vos non timetis eam. Immo vero maxime,
Sall. C. 52, 28 (v. immo); v. Hand, Turs. III. p. 552-607.
2.
Magnus, i, m., a Roman surname, e. g. Cn. Pompeius Magnus; v. Pompeius.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > magnus

50 majores

1.
magnus, a, um (archaic gen. magnai for magnae:
magnai reipublicai gratia,
Plaut. Mil. 2, 1, 23), adj.; comp. mājor, us; sup. maxĭmus ( maxŭm-), a, um [root magh-; Sanscr. mahat, maba, great; Gr. megas; cf. meizôn for megiôn; cf. mêchos, majestas; also cf. root mak-; Gr. makros, and perh. makar], great, large.
I.
Lit., of physical size or quantity, great, large; of things, vast, extensive, spacious, etc.: nequam et magnus homo, a great, tall fellow, Lucil. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 32 Mull.; cf.
the double meaning: tu, bis denis grandia libris Qui scribis Priami proelia, magnus homo es,
a great man, Mart. 9, 51, 4: magna ossa lacertique Apparent homini, Lucil. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1:
magna ossa lacertosque Exuit,
Verg. A. 5, 422: (scarus) magnusque bonusque, Enn. ap. App. Mag. p. 299 (Heduph. v. 9 Vahl.): indu mari magno, id. ap. Macr. 6, 2 (Ann. v. 425 Vahl.); so, in mari magno, id. ap. Fest. p. 356 Mull.; cf. Lucr. 2, 554:
magnus fluens Nilus,
Verg. G. 3, 28; Sen. Q. N. 4, 2, 2:
magna et pulcra domus,
spacious, Cic. N. D. 2, 6, 17:
montes,
Cat. 64. 280; cf. Olympum, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 20 Mull. (Ann. v. 1 Vahl.):
templa caelitum,
vast, id. ib. 7, § 6 (Trag. v. 227 Vahl.): magnae quercus, great oaks, lofty oaks, id. ap. Macr. S. 6, 2 (Ann. v. 194 Vahl.):
aquae,
great floods, inundations, Liv. 24, 9: saxa maxima, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 16, 37:
oppidum maximum,
Caes. B. G. 1, 23.—
B.
Esp.
1.
Of measure, weight, quantity, great, much, abundant, considerable, etc.:
maximum pondus auri, magnum numerum frumenti, vim mellis maximam exportasse,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 72, § 176:
magna pecunia mutua,
id. Att. 11, 3, 3:
copia pabuli,
Caes. B. G. 1, 16:
multitudo peditatus,
id. ib. 4, 34:
divitiae,
Nep. Dion. 1, 2:
populus,
Verg. A. 1, 148.—
2.
Rarely of time, for longus, multus:
interea magnum sol circumvolvitur annum,
Verg. A. 3, 284:
magnum vocans solis (annum) comparatione lunaris,
Macr. S. 2, 11:
magno post tempore,
Just. 11, 10, 14; 32, 3, 10.—
3.
Of the voice, loud, powerful, strong, mighty:
magna voce confiteri,
Cic. Caecin. 32, 92: major pars, the majority:
tribunorum,
Liv. 9, 46, 7.
II.
Trop.
A.
In gen., great, grand, mighty, noble, lofty, important, of great weight or importance, momentous: cum magnis dis, Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 1, 12, 38 (Ann. v. 207 Vahl.); cf.: Saturnia magna dearum, id. ap. Prisc. p. 1103 P. (Ann. v. 482 Vahl.):
vir magnus in primis,
Cic. N. D. 1, 43, 120:
nemo igitur vir magnus sine aliquo adflatu divino umquam fuit,
id. ib. 2, 66, 167:
magnus hoc bello Themistocles fuit, nec minor in pace,
Nep. Them. 6, 1:
Cato clarus atque magnus habetur,
Sall. C. 53, 1:
amicus,
great, wealthy, Juv. 6, 312: res magnas parvasque Eloqui, Enn. ap. Gell. 12, 4 (Ann. v. 244 Vahl.):
virtus,
Caes. B. G. 2, 15:
infamia,
Cic. Fam. 1, 1:
eloquentia, gravitas, studium, contentio,
id. ib.:
multo major alacritas, studiumque pugnandi majus,
Caes. B. G. 1, 46:
causa,
great, important, weighty, Cic. Dom. 1, 1:
opus et arduum,
id. Or. 10, 33.— Absol. in neutr, sing. and plur.:
quamquam id magnum, et arduum est,
something great, Cic. Fam. 6, 7, 6: magna Di curant ( great things, important matters), parva neglegunt, id. N. D. 2, 66, 167:
magna loqui,
to say great things, speak boastfully, Tib. 2, 6, 11:
magnum est efficere, ut quis intellegat, quid sit illud, etc.,
it is a great, difficult, important thing, Cic. Ac. 1, 2, 7:
probitatem vel in eis, quos numquam vidimus, vel, quod majus est, in hoste etiam diligimus,
what is far greater, id. Lael. 9, 29: annus magnus, the great year, at the end of which the sun, moon, and planets were supposed to return to the same relative positions, the Piatonic year or cycle, consisting of 15000 years:
quarum (stellarum) ex disparibus motionibus, magnum annum mathematici nominaverunt, etc.,
Cic. N. D. 2, 20, 52; id. Fragm. ap. Tac. Or. 16.— Posit. in comparison: Alexander orbi magnus est, Alex. andro orbis angustus, great in comparison with, i. e. too great for, Sen. Suas. 1, 3.—
B.
In partic.
1.
Of age, with natu, advanced in years, of great age, aged:
jam magno natu,
Nep. Paus. 5; Liv. 3, 71, 3:
homo magnus natu,
id. 10, 38, 6.—Usually in the comp. and sup., with or without natu or annis, older, the elder, the oldest or eldest:
qui (Livius) fuit major natu quam Plautus et Naevius,
older than, earlier, Cic. Tusc. 1, 1, 3:
audivi ex majoribus natu,
id. Off. 1, 30, 109:
hic una e multis, quae maxima natu, Pyrgo,
Verg. A. 5, 644:
annos natus major quadraginta,
more than, Cic. Rosc. Am. 14, 39:
civis major annis viginti,
Suet. Caes. 42:
cum liberis, majoribus quam quindecim annos natis,
Liv. 45, 32.— Absol.: senis nostri frater major, the elder of two, Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 13:
ex duobus filiis major, Caes B. C. 3, 108, 3: Fabii Ambusti filiae duae nuptae, Ser. Sulpicio major minor Licinio Stoloni erat,
Liv. 6, 34:
Gelo maximus stirpis,
id. 23, 30:
ut nubere vellet mulier viro, major juniori,
App. Mag. 27, p. 291, 28; cf.
in gen.: Cyrus major,
Lact. 4, 5, 7:
quaerere uter major aetate fuerit, Homerus an Hesiodus, cum minor Hecuba fuerit quam Helena,
Sen. Ep. 88, 5.—In legal lang., major (opp. minor), one who has attained his twenty-fifth year, who is of age:
si minor negotiis majoris intervenerit,
Dig. 4, 4, 24.—In plur. subst.: mājō-res, um, m., adults (opp. pueri), Varr. L. L. 9, 10, § 16 Mull.—But usually majores, ancestors, forefathers:
Itan tandem hanc majores famam tradiderunt tibi tui, Ut, etc.,
Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 16:
ibi mei sunt majores siti, pater, avos, proavos, abavos,
id. Mil. 2, 4, 20:
L. Philippus, vir patre, avo, majoribus suis dignissimus,
Cic. Phil. 3, 10, 25:
patres majoresque nostri,
id. Div. in Caecil. 21, 69:
more majorum,
id. Att. 1, 1, 1:
spes tamen una est, aliquando populum Romanum majorum similem fore,
id. Fam. 12, 22, 2:
majores natu,
Nep. Iphicr. 1, 1:
maxima virgo,
the eldest of the Vestal virgins, Ov. F. 4, 639: major erus, the old master, the master of the house, the old man (opp.: minor erus, the young master): Le. Ubinam est erus? Li. Major apud forum'st, minor hic est intus, Plaut. As. 2, 2, 63: majores natu, of the Senate:
de istis rebus in patria majores natu consulemus,
Liv. 1, 32, 10.—In designating relationship, magnus denotes kindred of the fourth, major of the fifth, and maximus of the sixth degree; so, avunculus magnus, a great-uncle; amita magna, a greataunt; avunculus or amita major; avunculus maximus, amita maxima, etc.; v. h. vv., and cf. Dig. 38, 10, 10.—
2.
In specifications of value, in the neutr. absol., magni or magno, high, dear, of great value, at a high price, etc.; cf.: pretii majoris or maximi, higher, highest, very high:
magni esse,
to be highly esteemed, Cic. Fam. 13, 72, 2:
magni aestimare,
id. Tusc. 5, 7, 20:
magni existimans interesse ad decus,
to be of great consequence, id. N. D. 1, 4, 7:
emere agros poterunt quam volent magno,
id. Agr. 2, 13, 34:
magno vendere,
id. Verr. 2, 3, 30, § 71:
conducere aliquid nimium magno,
too high, too dear, id. Att. 1, 17, 9:
magno illi ea cunctatio stetit,
cost him dear, Liv. 2, 36.— Comp.:
ornatus muliebris majoris pretii,
Cic. Inv 1, 31, 51, rarely without pretii:
multo majoris alapae mecum veneunt,
dearer, higher, Phaedr. 2, 5, 25.— Sup.: te haec solum semper fecit maxumi, most highly prized, Ter And. 1, 5, 58:
senatus auctoritatem sibi maximi videri,
Cic. Att. 1, 14, 2: in majus, too greatly, too highly, greater than it is:
extollere aliquid in majus,
more highly than it deserves, Tac. A. 15, 30:
celebrare,
id. ib. 13, 8:
nuntiare,
id. H. 3, 38:
credere,
to believe a thing to be worse than it is, id. ib. 1, 18:
accipere,
to take a thing to be greater than it is, id. ib. 3, 8 init.: innotescere, in an exaggerated manner, id. ib 4, 50.—Also with abl., in majus vero ferri, Liv. 21, 32, 7.—
3.
Magnum and maximum, adverbially, greatly, loudly (ante- and post-class.):
magnum clamat,
greatly, with a loud voice, aloud, Plaut. Mil. 3, 2, 10:
inclamare,
Gell. 5, 9 fin.:
exclamat derepente maximum,
Plaut. Most. 2, 2, 57.—Hence, măgis, adv., only in comp. in this anomalous form (i. e. mag-ius, like pris-cus for [p. 1100] prius-cus, and pris-tinus for prius-tinus); and in sup.: maxĭmē ( maxŭmē).
A.
Comp.: magĭs (apocop. form, măgĕ, Plaut. As. 1, 1, 51; 2, 3, 14; id. Mon. 2, 3, 35; id. Poen. 1, 2, 64; 1, 2, 14; id. Trin. 4, 3, 46; id. Truc. 1, 2, 75; 3, 1, 17; 4, 4, 34; Lucr. 4, 81; 756; 5, 1203; Prop. 1, 11, 9; 3 (4), 14, 2; 4 (5), 8, 16; Verg. A. 10, 481; Sol. 22 fin.; but in Enn. ap. Cic. Fam. 7, 13, 2, magis or magi'. Acc. to Serv. Verg. A. 10, 481, Cicero in the Frumentaria wrote: mage condemnatum hominum in judicium adducere non posse), in a higher degree, more completely, more (for the difference between magis, plus, potius, and amplius, v. amplius).—
B.
In gen.
1.
With no qualifying words.
a.
With the addition of the second term of the comparison.
(α).
With verbs:
quae (facinora) istaec aetas fugere magis quam sectari solet,
Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 28:
saliendo sese exercebant magis, quam scorto aut saviis,
id. Bacch. 3, 3, 25; id. Pers. 4, 4, 108; 86:
magis honorem tribuere quam salutem accipere,
Caes. B. G. 7, 20, 7:
nisi forte magis erit parricida, si qui consularem patrem, quam si quis humilem necarit,
Cic. Mil. 7, 17:
magis ut consuetudinem servem, quam quod, etc.,
id. Clu. 32, 89.—Repeated:
quam magis exhausto spumaverit ubere mulctra, Laeta magis pressis manabunt flumina mammis, i. e. quo magis,... eo magis,
Verg. G. 3, 309 sq.; cf.:
tam magis illa fremens... quam magis effuso crudescunt sanguine pugnae,
id. ib. 7, 787 sq.; v. Hand, Turs. III. p. 566.—Magis est, quod or ut, there is greater reason, there is more cause that, etc.:
quamobrem etsi magis est, quod gratuler tibi, quam quod te rogem: tamen etiam rogo, etc.,
Cic. Att. 16, 5, 2:
magis est, ut ipse moleste ferat, errasse se, quam ut, etc.,
id. Cael. 6, 14.—
(β).
With substt., usu. with quam: tu me amoris magis quam honoris servavisti gratia, Poet. ap. Cic. Tusc. 4, 32, 69: bellipotentes sunt magi' quam sapientipotentes, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 2, 56, 116 (Ann. v. 188 Vahl.):
umbra es amantum magis quam amator,
Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 31:
magis adeo id facilitate quam alia ulla culpa mea contigit,
Cic. de Or. 2, 4, 15:
aditus ad consulatum non magis nobilitati quam virtuti pateret,
id. Mur. 8, 17:
magis ratione et consilio quam virtute vicisse,
Caes. B. G. 1, 40, 8; cf.:
ut magis virtute quam dolo contenderent,
id. ib. 1, 13, 6:
se magis consuetudine sua quam merito eorum civitatem conservaturum,
id. ib. 2, 32, 1:
timori magis quam religioni consulere,
id. B. C. 1, 67, 3:
jus bonumque apud eos non legibus magis quam natura valebat,
Sall. C. 9, 1:
non duces magis quam milites callent (obsistere, etc.),
Curt. 3, 2, 14.—And after negatives: non magis quam, as little as:
in dicendo irasci, dolere... non sunt figurae, non magis quam suadere,
Quint. 9, 1, 23:
Romanos nec magis jam dolo capi quam armis vinci posse,
Liv. 10, 4, 10:
pro certo habens non magis Antonio eripi se quam Caesari Brutum posse,
Sen. Suas. 6, 17:
non magis Alexandri saevitiam quam Bessi parricidium ferre potuisse,
Curt. 7, 6, 15; cf.:
nec magis post proelium quam in proelio caedibus temperatum est,
Liv. 2, 16, 9. —Followed by atque instead of quam (rare):
non Apollinis magis verum atque hoc responsum est,
Ter. And. 4, 2, 15.— With the comp. abl. (rare):
quid philosophia magis colendum?
Cic. Fin. 3, 22, 76:
quanto magis Aliensi die Aliam ipsam reformidaturos?
Liv. 6, 28, 6 Weissenb. ad loc.:
quam Juno fertur terris magis omnibus unam... coluisse,
Verg. A. 1, 15 (cf. B. 3. infra):
Albanum sive Falernum Te magis appositis delectat,
Hor. S. 2, 8, 17.—
(γ).
With pronn.:
quid habetis, qui mage immortales vos credam esse quam ego siem?
Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 64:
quis homo sit magis meus quam tu es?
id. Mil. 3, 1, 20:
quam mage amo quam matrem meam,
id. Truc. 3, 1, 17; cf.:
quem ego ecastor mage amo quam me,
id. ib. 4, 4, 34.—With utrum, followed by an:
jam scibo, utrum haec me mage amet, an marsupium,
Plaut. Men. 2, 3, 35.—With the abl. instead of quam:
nec magis hac infra quicquam est in corpore nostro,
Lucr. 3, 274; Verg. A. 1, 15.—
(δ).
With adjj. and advv., and esp. with those which do not admit the comparative termination (most freq. without adding the second term of the comparison; v. under b. d): numquam potuisti mihi Magis opportunus advenire quam advenis, Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 47:
neque lac lacti magis est simile, quam ille ego similis est mei,
id. Am. 2, 1, 54:
ars magis magna atque uber, quam difficilis et obscura,
Cic. de Or. 1, 42, 190:
corpora magna magis quam firma,
Liv. 5, 44, 4:
vultu pulchro magis quam venusto,
Suet. Ner. 51.—With the abl., Plaut. As. 3, 3, 114:
neque ego hoc homine quemquam vidi magis malum,
id. Ps. 4, 1, 27:
ab secundis rebus magis etiam solito incauti,
Liv. 5, 44, 6.—With compp. (adding to their force):
ita fustibus sum mollior miser magis quam ullus cinaedus,
Plaut. Aul. 3, 2, 8. —
b.
Without the addition of the second term.
(α).
With verbs: ergo plusque magisque viri nunc gloria claret, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 315 Vahl.):
sapiunt magis,
Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 4:
magis curae est, magisque afformido, ne, etc.,
id. ib. 4, 10, 3:
magis metuant,
id. Mil. 5, 44:
tum magis id diceres, Fanni, si, etc.,
Cic. Lael. 7 fin.; cf. id. Rep. 1, 40, 62:
cum Pompeius ita contendisset, ut nihil umquam magis,
id. Fam. 1, 9, 20:
magis velle, for malle: quod magis vellem evenire,
Ter. Eun. 5, 7, 1; Val. Fl. 3, 270.—
(β).
With substt.: non ex jure manum consertum sed magi' ferro, Enn. ap. Gell. 20, 10 (Ann. v. 276 Vahl.):
magis aedilis fieri non potuisset,
better, finer, Cic. Planc. 24, 60.—
(γ).
With pronn.:
ecastor neminem hodie mage Amat corde atque animo suo,
Plaut. Truc. 1, 2, 75.—
(δ).
With adjj. and advv. (so most freq.).—With adjj.:
ut quadam magis necessaria ratione recte sit vivendum,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 1, § 2:
magis anxius,
Ov. M. 1, 182:
hic magis tranquillu'st,
Plaut. Bacch. 5, 2, 55:
nihil videtur mundius, nec magis compositum quicquam, nec magis elegans,
Ter. Eun. 5, 4, 12:
nemo fuit magis severus nec magis continens,
id. ib. 2, 1, 21:
quod est magis verisimile,
Caes. B. G. 3, 13, 6:
magis admirabilis oratio,
Quint. 8, 3, 24:
magis communia verba,
id. 8, 2, 24 et saep.; rare: magis quam in aliis = praeter ceteros;
nescio quo pacto magis quam in aliis suum cuique pulchrum est,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 22, 63.— With advv.:
magis aperte,
Ter. Ad. 4, 5, 30:
magis impense,
id. ib. 5, 9, 36.—With compp. adding to their force:
magis est dulcius,
Plaut. Stich. 5, 4, 22:
magis majores nugae,
id. Men. prol. 55:
magis modum in majorem,
id. Am. 1, 1, 145:
contentiores mage erunt,
id. Poen. 2, 15.—
2.
Strengthened.
a.
By etiam, multo, tanto, eo, hoc, quo, tam, quam; and negatively, nihilo:
qualis in dicendo Hierocles Alabandeus, magis etiam Menecles, frater ejus, fuit,
Cic. Brut. 95, 325; id. Off. 1, 21, 72:
illud ad me, ac multo etiam magis ad vos,
id. de Or. 2, 32, 139:
tanto magis Dic, quis est?
Plaut. Bacch. 3, 6, 28:
ut quidque magis contemplor, tanto magis placet,
id. Most. 3, 2, 146:
vicina cacumina caelo, quam sint magis, tanto magis fument,
Lucr. 6, 460:
quanto ille plura miscebat, tanto hic magis in dies convalescebat,
Cic. Mil. 9, 25:
sed eo magis cauto est Opus, ne huc exeat, qui, etc.,
Plaut. Most. 4, 2, 22:
atque eo magis, si, etc.,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 1, § 1:
eoque magis quod, etc.,
id. Lael. 2, 7; Caes. B. G. 1, 23; 1, 47; 3, 14;
5, 1: immo vero etiam hoc magis, quam illi veteres, quod, etc.,
Cic. Agr. 2, 35, 97:
hoc vero magis properare Varro, ut, etc.,
Caes. B. C. 2, 20:
quo magis cogito ego cum meo animo,
Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 13; Nep. Thras. 2:
magis quam id reputo, tam magis uror,
Plaut. Bacch. 5, 1, 5:
tam magis illa fremens... Quam magis, etc.,
Verg. A. 7, 787:
quanto mage... tam magis,
Lucr. 4, 81 sq.:
quam magis in pectore meo foveo, quas meus filius turbas turbet... magis curae est magisque afformido, ne, etc.,
Plaut. Bacch. 4, 10, 1; 4, 4, 27; id. Men. 1, 1, 19:
quam magis te in altum capessis, tam aestus te in portum refert,
id. As. 1, 3, 6:
densior hinc suboles Quam magis, etc.,
Verg. G. 3, 309:
cum Vercingetorix nihilo magis in aequum locum descenderet,
Caes. B. G. 6, 53.—
b.
By reduplication: magis magisque, magis et magis, magis ac magis; and poet. also, magis magis, more and more: ex desiderio magis magisque maceror, Afran. ap. Charis. p. 182 P.:
cum cotidie magis magisque perditi homines tectis ac templis urbis minarentur,
Cic. Phil. 1, 2, 5; id. Fam. 2, 18, 2; 16, 21, 2; Sall. C. 5, 7; cf. Cic. Fil. Fam. 16, 21, 2:
de Graecia cotidie magis et magis cogito,
Cic. Att. 14, 18, 4; 16, 3, 1; id. Brut. 90, 308; Liv. 7, 32, 6; Sall. J. 8, 6:
magis deinde ac magis,
Suet. Vit. 10:
post hoc magis ac magis,
id. Gram. 3;
for which also: magisque ac magis deinceps,
id. Tit. 3; Tac. A. 14, 8; Sen. de Ira, 3, 1, 4; id. Ep. 114, 25; id. Ben. 2, 14, 4; Plin. Ep. 1, 12, 10; 7, 3, 4; 10, 28, 3.— Poet. also:
magis atque magis,
Verg. A. 12, 239; Cat. 68, 48:
post, vento crescente, magis magis increbescunt,
id. 64, 275; cf. Verg. G. 4, 311.—
3.
Pleon.
a.
With potius (anteclass.):
magis decorum'st Libertum potius quam patronum onus in via portare,
Plaut. As. 3, 3, 99:
mihi magis lubet cum probis potius quam cum improbis vivere,
id. Trin. 2, 1, 38.—
b.
With malle: quam cum lego, nihil malo quam has res relinquere;
his vero auditis multo magis,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 31, 76:
finge enim malle eum magis suum consequi quam, etc.,
Dig. 17, 2, 52, § 10. —
C.
In partic.: non (neque) magis quam.
1.
To signify perfect equality between two enunciations, no more... than; just as much... as; or neg., no more... than; just as little... as:
domus erat non domino magis ornamento quam civitati,
i. e. just as much to the city as to its owner, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 3, § 5; Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 4, 2:
non Hannibale magis victo a se quam Q. Fabio,
Liv. 22, 27, 2:
conficior enim maerore, mea Terentia, nec me meae miseriae magis excruciant quam tuae vestraeque,
Cic. Fam. 13, 3, 1; Liv. 9, 22.— Neg.: qui est enim animus in aliquo morbo... non magis est sanus, quam id corpus, quod in morbo est, i. e. is just as far from being sound as a body, etc., Cic. Tusc. 3, 5, 10:
si aliqua in re Verris similis fuero, non magis mihi deerit inimicus quam Verri defuit,
id. Verr. 2, 3, 69, § 162; id. Fam. 5, 12, 3; id. de Or. 2, 8, 31:
non nascitur itaque ex malo bonum, non magis quam ficus ex olea,
Sen. Ep. 87, 25;
Quint. prooem. § 26: non magis Gaium imperaturum, quam per Baianum sinum equis discursurum,
Suet. Calig. 19. —Ellipt.:
nec eo magis lege liberi sunto,
just as little from that as from the rest, Cic. Leg. 3, 4, 11.—
2.
For restricting the idea expressed in the clause with non magis, so that not more, according to a common figure of speech, = less; in Engl. not so much... as; less... than:
deinde credas mihi affirmanti velim, me hoc non pro Lysone magis quam pro omnibus scribere,
Cic. Fam. 13, 24; Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 17:
miserebat non poenae magis homines, quam sceleris, quo poenam meriti essent,
Liv. 2, 5; 1, 28.—
3.
Magis minusve, magis aut minus, or magis ac minus; post-Aug. for the usual plus minusve, more or less:
sed istud magis minusve vitiosum est pro personis dicentium,
Quint. 11, 1, 27; Plin. 17, 24, 37, § 220:
minora vero plerumque sunt talia, ut pro persona, tempore, loco, causa magis ac minus vel excusata debeant videri vel reprehendenda,
Quint. 11, 1, 14; Plin. 37, 5, 18, § 67:
quaedam tamen et nationibus puto magis aut minus convenire,
Sen. Ep. 40, 11; cf.:
quosdam minus aut magis osos veritatem,
id. Suas. 1, 5:
aut minus, aut magis,
id. Ep. 82, 14.—
4.
With alius... alio, etc.: ceterae philosophorum disciplinae, omnino alia magis alia, sed tamen omnes, one more than another, i. e. in different degrees, Cic. Fin. 3, 3, 11 Madvig. ad loc. (al.:
alia magis, alia minus, v. Hand, Turs. III. p. 560): mihi videntur omnes quidem illi errasse... sed alius alio magis,
Cic. Fin. 4, 16, 43:
sunt omnino omnes fere similes, sed declarant communis notiones, alia magis alia,
id. Tusc. 4, 24, 53:
alii aliis magis recusare,
Liv. 29, 15, 11.— Sup.: maxĭmē( maxŭmē), in the highest degree, most of all, most particularly, especially, exceedingly, very, etc.
A.
Lit.
1.
Alone.
a.
With a verb:
haec una res in omni libero populo maximeque in pacatis tranquillisque civitatibus praecipue semper floruit,
Cic. de Or. 1, 8, 30:
quid commemorem primum aut laudem maxime?
Ter. Eun. 5, 9, 14; 3, 1, 79:
nos coluit maxime,
id. Ad. 3, 2, 54:
quem convenire maxime cupiebam,
Plaut. Pers. 2, 4, 30; id. As. 3, 3, 133:
de te audiebamus ea, quae maxime vellemus,
Cic. Fam. 12, 25, a, 7; cf. id. Att. 13, 1:
extra quos (fines) egredi non possim, si maxime velim,
id. Quint. 10, 35:
in re publica maxime conservanda sunt jura belli,
most especially, id. Off. 1, 11, 33: huic legioni Caesar propter virtutem confidebat maxime, [p. 1101] Caes. B. G. 1, 40:
quem Homero crederet maxime accedere,
came nearest to, Quint. 10, 1, 86; cf.
pugnare,
most violently, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 271; 1, 1, 44:
jubere,
most positively, id. Bacch. 4, 9, 80:
id enim est profecto, quod constituta religione rem publicam contineat maxime,
Cic. Leg. 2, 27, 69; cf. maxime fin.:
ab eo exordiri volui maxime,
id. Off. 1, 2, 4:
cernere naturae vim maxime,
id. Tusc. 1, 15, 35.—
b.
With an adj.:
res maxime necessaria,
Cic. Lael. 23, 86:
loca maxime frumentaria,
Caes. B. G. 1, 10:
loci ad hoc maxime idonei,
Quint. 1, 11, 13:
maxime naturali carent amicitia,
Cic. Lael. 21, 80:
maxime feri,
Caes. B. G. 2, 4:
qui eo tempore maxime plebi acceptus erat,
id. ib. 1, 3:
idem ad augendam eloquentiam maxime accommodati erunt,
Quint. 1, 11, 13:
elegans maxime auctor,
id. 10, 1, 93:
maxime vero commune est quaerere, an sit honesta? etc.,
id. 2, 4, 37:
noto enim maxime utar exemplo,
id. 7, 3, 3.—So with supp.:
quae maxime liberalissima,
Cic. Att. 12, 38, 3:
maxime gravissimam omniumque (rerum),
Liv. 41, 23, 4 MS. (dub.: maxumam gravissimamque, Weissenb.). —
c.
With numerals, at most:
puer ad annos maxime natus octo,
Gell. 17, 8, 4.—
d.
With an adv.:
ut dicatis quam maxime ad veritatem accommodate,
Cic. de Or. 1, 33, 149 (v. infra 2).—
2.
Strengthened by unus, unus omnium, omnium, multo, vel, tam, quam, etc. (supply potest):
qui proelium unus maxime accenderat,
Curt. 5, 2, 5:
cum sua modestia unus omnium maxime floreret,
Nep. Milt. 1, 1:
quae maxime omnium belli avida,
Liv. 23, 49; 4, 59; cf. Drak. ad Liv. 36, 19, 4:
atque ea res multo maxime disjunxit illum ab illa,
Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 85:
imperium populi Romani multo maxime miserabile visum est,
Sall. C. 36, 4:
illud mihi videtur vel maxime confirmare, etc.,
Cic. N. D. 2, 65, 162:
hoc enim uno praestamus vel maxime feris,
id. de Or. 1, 8, 32:
quae quidem vel maxime suspicionem movent,
id. Part. Or. 33, 114:
quam potes, tam verba confer maxime ad compendium,
as much as possible, Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 186:
ego jubeo quam maxime unam facere nos hanc familiam,
Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 2:
ut quam maxime permaneant diuturna corpora,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 45, 108; id. de Or. 1, 34, 154:
quo mihi rectius videtur, memoriam nostri quam maxime longam efficere,
Sall. C. 1, 3:
ceterum illum juvenem incipere a quam maxime facili ac favorabili causa velim,
Quint. 12, 6, 6.—
3.
With the relative qui in the phrases, quam qui maxime and ut qui maxime:
tam enim sum amicus rei publicae, quam qui maxime,
as any one whatever, Cic. Fam. 5, 2, 6:
grata ea res, ut quae maxime senatui umquam fuit,
Liv. 5, 25; 7, 33.—
4.
With ut quisque... ita (maxime, potissimum or minime), the more... the more (or less):
hoc maxime officii est, ut quisque maxime opis indigeat, ita ei potissimum opitulari,
Cic. Off. 1, 15, 49:
ut quisque magnitudine animae maxime excellit, ita maxime, etc.,
id. ib. 1, 19, 64; cf.
, in the contrary order: colendum autem esse ita quemque maxime, ut quisque maxime virtutibus his lenioribus erit ornatus,
id. ib. 1, 15, 47:
ut enim quisque maxime ad suum commodum refert, quaecumque agit, ita minime est vir bonus,
id. Leg. 1, 18, 49.—
5.
In gradations, to denote the first and most desirable, first of all, in the first place:
hujus industriam maxime quidem vellem, ut imitarentur ii, quos oportebat: secundo autem loco, ne alterius labori inviderent,
Cic. Phil. 8, 10, 31; cf. id. Caecin. 9, 23:
si per eum reductus insidiose redissem, me scilicet maxime sed proxime illum quoque fefellissem,
id. Rab. Post. 12, 33:
in quo genere sunt maxime oves, deinde caprae,
Varr. R. R. 2, 9, 1:
maxime... dein,
Plin. 9, 16, 23, § 56:
sed vitem maxime populus videtur alere, deinde ulmus, post etiam fraxinus,
Col. 5, 6, 4:
maxime... deinde... postea... minume,
Plin. 37, 12, 75, § 196:
maxime... postea... ultimae,
Col. 6, 3, 6:
post Chium maxime laudatur Creticum, mox Aegyptium,
Plin. 18, 7, 17, § 77.—
B.
Transf.
1.
Like potissimum, to give prominence to an idea, especially, particularly, principally:
quae ratio poetas, maximeque Homerum impulit, ut, etc.,
Cic. N. D. 2, 6, 6; Varr. R. R. 1, 51, 1:
scribe aliquid, et maxime, si Pompeius Italia cedit,
Cic. Att. 7, 12, 4: de Cocceio et Libone quae scribis, approbo:
maxime quod de judicatu meo,
id. ib. 12, 19, 2; id. Fin. 5, 1, 1:
cognoscat etiam rerum gestarum et memoriae veteris ordinem, maxime scilicet nostrae civitatis,
id. Or. 34, 120; id. Att. 13, 1, 2.—So in the connection, cum... tum maxime; tum... tum maxime; ut... tum maxime, but more especially:
scio et perspexi saepe: cum antehac, tum hodie maxime,
Plaut. Mil. 4, 8, 56:
plena exemplorum est nostra res publica, cum saepe, tum maxime bello Punico secundo,
Cic. Off. 3, 11, 47; id. Att. 11, 6, 1; id. Fl. 38, 94:
tum exercitationibus crebris atque magnis, tum scribendo maxime persequatur,
id. de Or. 2, 23, 96:
longius autem procedens, ut in ceteris eloquentiae partibus, tum maxime, etc.,
id. Brut. 93, 320.— With nunc, nuper, tum, cum, just, precisely, exactly: Me. Quid? vostrum patri Filii quot eratis? M. Su. Ut nunc maxime memini, duo, just now, Plaut. Men. 5, 9, 58:
cum iis, quos nuper maxime liberaverat,
Caes. B. C. 3, 9:
ipse tum maxime admoto igne refovebat artus,
Curt. 8, 4, 25; 6, 6, 10; 5, 7, 2; Liv. 27, 4, 2 Drak.:
haec cum maxime loqueretur, sex lictores eum circumsistunt valentissimi,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 54, § 142; cf. id. ib. 2, 2, 76, § 187;
2, 4, 38, § 72: totius autem injustitiae nulla capitalior, quam eorum, qui cum maxime fallunt, id agunt, ut viri boni esse videantur,
id. Off. 1, 13, 41; Liv. 4, 3; 30, 33:
tum cum maxime,
at that precise time, at that moment, Liv. 40, 13, 4; 40, 32, 1; 33, 9, 3; 43, 7, 8; so,
tunc cum maxime,
Curt. 3, 2, 17:
nunc cum maxime,
Cic. Clu. 5, 12; id. Sen. 11, 38; Liv. 29, 17, 7; v. 2. cum.—
2.
In colloquial lang., to denote emphatic assent, certainly, by all means, very well, yes; and with immo, to express emphatic dissent, certainly not, by no means: Ar. Jace, pater, talos, ut porro nos jaciamus. De. Maxime, Plaut. As. 5, 2, 54; id. Curc. 2, 3, 36: Th. Nisi quid magis Es occupatus, operam mihi da. Si. Maxime, id. Most. 4, 3, 17; Ter. And. 4, 5, 23: Ca. Numquid peccatum est, Simo? Si. Immo maxime, Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 80; Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 31:
scilicet res ipsa aspera est, sed vos non timetis eam. Immo vero maxime,
Sall. C. 52, 28 (v. immo); v. Hand, Turs. III. p. 552-607.
2.
Magnus, i, m., a Roman surname, e. g. Cn. Pompeius Magnus; v. Pompeius.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > majores

51 maxume

1.
magnus, a, um (archaic gen. magnai for magnae:
magnai reipublicai gratia,
Plaut. Mil. 2, 1, 23), adj.; comp. mājor, us; sup. maxĭmus ( maxŭm-), a, um [root magh-; Sanscr. mahat, maba, great; Gr. megas; cf. meizôn for megiôn; cf. mêchos, majestas; also cf. root mak-; Gr. makros, and perh. makar], great, large.
I.
Lit., of physical size or quantity, great, large; of things, vast, extensive, spacious, etc.: nequam et magnus homo, a great, tall fellow, Lucil. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 32 Mull.; cf.
the double meaning: tu, bis denis grandia libris Qui scribis Priami proelia, magnus homo es,
a great man, Mart. 9, 51, 4: magna ossa lacertique Apparent homini, Lucil. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1:
magna ossa lacertosque Exuit,
Verg. A. 5, 422: (scarus) magnusque bonusque, Enn. ap. App. Mag. p. 299 (Heduph. v. 9 Vahl.): indu mari magno, id. ap. Macr. 6, 2 (Ann. v. 425 Vahl.); so, in mari magno, id. ap. Fest. p. 356 Mull.; cf. Lucr. 2, 554:
magnus fluens Nilus,
Verg. G. 3, 28; Sen. Q. N. 4, 2, 2:
magna et pulcra domus,
spacious, Cic. N. D. 2, 6, 17:
montes,
Cat. 64. 280; cf. Olympum, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 20 Mull. (Ann. v. 1 Vahl.):
templa caelitum,
vast, id. ib. 7, § 6 (Trag. v. 227 Vahl.): magnae quercus, great oaks, lofty oaks, id. ap. Macr. S. 6, 2 (Ann. v. 194 Vahl.):
aquae,
great floods, inundations, Liv. 24, 9: saxa maxima, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 16, 37:
oppidum maximum,
Caes. B. G. 1, 23.—
B.
Esp.
1.
Of measure, weight, quantity, great, much, abundant, considerable, etc.:
maximum pondus auri, magnum numerum frumenti, vim mellis maximam exportasse,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 72, § 176:
magna pecunia mutua,
id. Att. 11, 3, 3:
copia pabuli,
Caes. B. G. 1, 16:
multitudo peditatus,
id. ib. 4, 34:
divitiae,
Nep. Dion. 1, 2:
populus,
Verg. A. 1, 148.—
2.
Rarely of time, for longus, multus:
interea magnum sol circumvolvitur annum,
Verg. A. 3, 284:
magnum vocans solis (annum) comparatione lunaris,
Macr. S. 2, 11:
magno post tempore,
Just. 11, 10, 14; 32, 3, 10.—
3.
Of the voice, loud, powerful, strong, mighty:
magna voce confiteri,
Cic. Caecin. 32, 92: major pars, the majority:
tribunorum,
Liv. 9, 46, 7.
II.
Trop.
A.
In gen., great, grand, mighty, noble, lofty, important, of great weight or importance, momentous: cum magnis dis, Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 1, 12, 38 (Ann. v. 207 Vahl.); cf.: Saturnia magna dearum, id. ap. Prisc. p. 1103 P. (Ann. v. 482 Vahl.):
vir magnus in primis,
Cic. N. D. 1, 43, 120:
nemo igitur vir magnus sine aliquo adflatu divino umquam fuit,
id. ib. 2, 66, 167:
magnus hoc bello Themistocles fuit, nec minor in pace,
Nep. Them. 6, 1:
Cato clarus atque magnus habetur,
Sall. C. 53, 1:
amicus,
great, wealthy, Juv. 6, 312: res magnas parvasque Eloqui, Enn. ap. Gell. 12, 4 (Ann. v. 244 Vahl.):
virtus,
Caes. B. G. 2, 15:
infamia,
Cic. Fam. 1, 1:
eloquentia, gravitas, studium, contentio,
id. ib.:
multo major alacritas, studiumque pugnandi majus,
Caes. B. G. 1, 46:
causa,
great, important, weighty, Cic. Dom. 1, 1:
opus et arduum,
id. Or. 10, 33.— Absol. in neutr, sing. and plur.:
quamquam id magnum, et arduum est,
something great, Cic. Fam. 6, 7, 6: magna Di curant ( great things, important matters), parva neglegunt, id. N. D. 2, 66, 167:
magna loqui,
to say great things, speak boastfully, Tib. 2, 6, 11:
magnum est efficere, ut quis intellegat, quid sit illud, etc.,
it is a great, difficult, important thing, Cic. Ac. 1, 2, 7:
probitatem vel in eis, quos numquam vidimus, vel, quod majus est, in hoste etiam diligimus,
what is far greater, id. Lael. 9, 29: annus magnus, the great year, at the end of which the sun, moon, and planets were supposed to return to the same relative positions, the Piatonic year or cycle, consisting of 15000 years:
quarum (stellarum) ex disparibus motionibus, magnum annum mathematici nominaverunt, etc.,
Cic. N. D. 2, 20, 52; id. Fragm. ap. Tac. Or. 16.— Posit. in comparison: Alexander orbi magnus est, Alex. andro orbis angustus, great in comparison with, i. e. too great for, Sen. Suas. 1, 3.—
B.
In partic.
1.
Of age, with natu, advanced in years, of great age, aged:
jam magno natu,
Nep. Paus. 5; Liv. 3, 71, 3:
homo magnus natu,
id. 10, 38, 6.—Usually in the comp. and sup., with or without natu or annis, older, the elder, the oldest or eldest:
qui (Livius) fuit major natu quam Plautus et Naevius,
older than, earlier, Cic. Tusc. 1, 1, 3:
audivi ex majoribus natu,
id. Off. 1, 30, 109:
hic una e multis, quae maxima natu, Pyrgo,
Verg. A. 5, 644:
annos natus major quadraginta,
more than, Cic. Rosc. Am. 14, 39:
civis major annis viginti,
Suet. Caes. 42:
cum liberis, majoribus quam quindecim annos natis,
Liv. 45, 32.— Absol.: senis nostri frater major, the elder of two, Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 13:
ex duobus filiis major, Caes B. C. 3, 108, 3: Fabii Ambusti filiae duae nuptae, Ser. Sulpicio major minor Licinio Stoloni erat,
Liv. 6, 34:
Gelo maximus stirpis,
id. 23, 30:
ut nubere vellet mulier viro, major juniori,
App. Mag. 27, p. 291, 28; cf.
in gen.: Cyrus major,
Lact. 4, 5, 7:
quaerere uter major aetate fuerit, Homerus an Hesiodus, cum minor Hecuba fuerit quam Helena,
Sen. Ep. 88, 5.—In legal lang., major (opp. minor), one who has attained his twenty-fifth year, who is of age:
si minor negotiis majoris intervenerit,
Dig. 4, 4, 24.—In plur. subst.: mājō-res, um, m., adults (opp. pueri), Varr. L. L. 9, 10, § 16 Mull.—But usually majores, ancestors, forefathers:
Itan tandem hanc majores famam tradiderunt tibi tui, Ut, etc.,
Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 16:
ibi mei sunt majores siti, pater, avos, proavos, abavos,
id. Mil. 2, 4, 20:
L. Philippus, vir patre, avo, majoribus suis dignissimus,
Cic. Phil. 3, 10, 25:
patres majoresque nostri,
id. Div. in Caecil. 21, 69:
more majorum,
id. Att. 1, 1, 1:
spes tamen una est, aliquando populum Romanum majorum similem fore,
id. Fam. 12, 22, 2:
majores natu,
Nep. Iphicr. 1, 1:
maxima virgo,
the eldest of the Vestal virgins, Ov. F. 4, 639: major erus, the old master, the master of the house, the old man (opp.: minor erus, the young master): Le. Ubinam est erus? Li. Major apud forum'st, minor hic est intus, Plaut. As. 2, 2, 63: majores natu, of the Senate:
de istis rebus in patria majores natu consulemus,
Liv. 1, 32, 10.—In designating relationship, magnus denotes kindred of the fourth, major of the fifth, and maximus of the sixth degree; so, avunculus magnus, a great-uncle; amita magna, a greataunt; avunculus or amita major; avunculus maximus, amita maxima, etc.; v. h. vv., and cf. Dig. 38, 10, 10.—
2.
In specifications of value, in the neutr. absol., magni or magno, high, dear, of great value, at a high price, etc.; cf.: pretii majoris or maximi, higher, highest, very high:
magni esse,
to be highly esteemed, Cic. Fam. 13, 72, 2:
magni aestimare,
id. Tusc. 5, 7, 20:
magni existimans interesse ad decus,
to be of great consequence, id. N. D. 1, 4, 7:
emere agros poterunt quam volent magno,
id. Agr. 2, 13, 34:
magno vendere,
id. Verr. 2, 3, 30, § 71:
conducere aliquid nimium magno,
too high, too dear, id. Att. 1, 17, 9:
magno illi ea cunctatio stetit,
cost him dear, Liv. 2, 36.— Comp.:
ornatus muliebris majoris pretii,
Cic. Inv 1, 31, 51, rarely without pretii:
multo majoris alapae mecum veneunt,
dearer, higher, Phaedr. 2, 5, 25.— Sup.: te haec solum semper fecit maxumi, most highly prized, Ter And. 1, 5, 58:
senatus auctoritatem sibi maximi videri,
Cic. Att. 1, 14, 2: in majus, too greatly, too highly, greater than it is:
extollere aliquid in majus,
more highly than it deserves, Tac. A. 15, 30:
celebrare,
id. ib. 13, 8:
nuntiare,
id. H. 3, 38:
credere,
to believe a thing to be worse than it is, id. ib. 1, 18:
accipere,
to take a thing to be greater than it is, id. ib. 3, 8 init.: innotescere, in an exaggerated manner, id. ib 4, 50.—Also with abl., in majus vero ferri, Liv. 21, 32, 7.—
3.
Magnum and maximum, adverbially, greatly, loudly (ante- and post-class.):
magnum clamat,
greatly, with a loud voice, aloud, Plaut. Mil. 3, 2, 10:
inclamare,
Gell. 5, 9 fin.:
exclamat derepente maximum,
Plaut. Most. 2, 2, 57.—Hence, măgis, adv., only in comp. in this anomalous form (i. e. mag-ius, like pris-cus for [p. 1100] prius-cus, and pris-tinus for prius-tinus); and in sup.: maxĭmē ( maxŭmē).
A.
Comp.: magĭs (apocop. form, măgĕ, Plaut. As. 1, 1, 51; 2, 3, 14; id. Mon. 2, 3, 35; id. Poen. 1, 2, 64; 1, 2, 14; id. Trin. 4, 3, 46; id. Truc. 1, 2, 75; 3, 1, 17; 4, 4, 34; Lucr. 4, 81; 756; 5, 1203; Prop. 1, 11, 9; 3 (4), 14, 2; 4 (5), 8, 16; Verg. A. 10, 481; Sol. 22 fin.; but in Enn. ap. Cic. Fam. 7, 13, 2, magis or magi'. Acc. to Serv. Verg. A. 10, 481, Cicero in the Frumentaria wrote: mage condemnatum hominum in judicium adducere non posse), in a higher degree, more completely, more (for the difference between magis, plus, potius, and amplius, v. amplius).—
B.
In gen.
1.
With no qualifying words.
a.
With the addition of the second term of the comparison.
(α).
With verbs:
quae (facinora) istaec aetas fugere magis quam sectari solet,
Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 28:
saliendo sese exercebant magis, quam scorto aut saviis,
id. Bacch. 3, 3, 25; id. Pers. 4, 4, 108; 86:
magis honorem tribuere quam salutem accipere,
Caes. B. G. 7, 20, 7:
nisi forte magis erit parricida, si qui consularem patrem, quam si quis humilem necarit,
Cic. Mil. 7, 17:
magis ut consuetudinem servem, quam quod, etc.,
id. Clu. 32, 89.—Repeated:
quam magis exhausto spumaverit ubere mulctra, Laeta magis pressis manabunt flumina mammis, i. e. quo magis,... eo magis,
Verg. G. 3, 309 sq.; cf.:
tam magis illa fremens... quam magis effuso crudescunt sanguine pugnae,
id. ib. 7, 787 sq.; v. Hand, Turs. III. p. 566.—Magis est, quod or ut, there is greater reason, there is more cause that, etc.:
quamobrem etsi magis est, quod gratuler tibi, quam quod te rogem: tamen etiam rogo, etc.,
Cic. Att. 16, 5, 2:
magis est, ut ipse moleste ferat, errasse se, quam ut, etc.,
id. Cael. 6, 14.—
(β).
With substt., usu. with quam: tu me amoris magis quam honoris servavisti gratia, Poet. ap. Cic. Tusc. 4, 32, 69: bellipotentes sunt magi' quam sapientipotentes, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 2, 56, 116 (Ann. v. 188 Vahl.):
umbra es amantum magis quam amator,
Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 31:
magis adeo id facilitate quam alia ulla culpa mea contigit,
Cic. de Or. 2, 4, 15:
aditus ad consulatum non magis nobilitati quam virtuti pateret,
id. Mur. 8, 17:
magis ratione et consilio quam virtute vicisse,
Caes. B. G. 1, 40, 8; cf.:
ut magis virtute quam dolo contenderent,
id. ib. 1, 13, 6:
se magis consuetudine sua quam merito eorum civitatem conservaturum,
id. ib. 2, 32, 1:
timori magis quam religioni consulere,
id. B. C. 1, 67, 3:
jus bonumque apud eos non legibus magis quam natura valebat,
Sall. C. 9, 1:
non duces magis quam milites callent (obsistere, etc.),
Curt. 3, 2, 14.—And after negatives: non magis quam, as little as:
in dicendo irasci, dolere... non sunt figurae, non magis quam suadere,
Quint. 9, 1, 23:
Romanos nec magis jam dolo capi quam armis vinci posse,
Liv. 10, 4, 10:
pro certo habens non magis Antonio eripi se quam Caesari Brutum posse,
Sen. Suas. 6, 17:
non magis Alexandri saevitiam quam Bessi parricidium ferre potuisse,
Curt. 7, 6, 15; cf.:
nec magis post proelium quam in proelio caedibus temperatum est,
Liv. 2, 16, 9. —Followed by atque instead of quam (rare):
non Apollinis magis verum atque hoc responsum est,
Ter. And. 4, 2, 15.— With the comp. abl. (rare):
quid philosophia magis colendum?
Cic. Fin. 3, 22, 76:
quanto magis Aliensi die Aliam ipsam reformidaturos?
Liv. 6, 28, 6 Weissenb. ad loc.:
quam Juno fertur terris magis omnibus unam... coluisse,
Verg. A. 1, 15 (cf. B. 3. infra):
Albanum sive Falernum Te magis appositis delectat,
Hor. S. 2, 8, 17.—
(γ).
With pronn.:
quid habetis, qui mage immortales vos credam esse quam ego siem?
Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 64:
quis homo sit magis meus quam tu es?
id. Mil. 3, 1, 20:
quam mage amo quam matrem meam,
id. Truc. 3, 1, 17; cf.:
quem ego ecastor mage amo quam me,
id. ib. 4, 4, 34.—With utrum, followed by an:
jam scibo, utrum haec me mage amet, an marsupium,
Plaut. Men. 2, 3, 35.—With the abl. instead of quam:
nec magis hac infra quicquam est in corpore nostro,
Lucr. 3, 274; Verg. A. 1, 15.—
(δ).
With adjj. and advv., and esp. with those which do not admit the comparative termination (most freq. without adding the second term of the comparison; v. under b. d): numquam potuisti mihi Magis opportunus advenire quam advenis, Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 47:
neque lac lacti magis est simile, quam ille ego similis est mei,
id. Am. 2, 1, 54:
ars magis magna atque uber, quam difficilis et obscura,
Cic. de Or. 1, 42, 190:
corpora magna magis quam firma,
Liv. 5, 44, 4:
vultu pulchro magis quam venusto,
Suet. Ner. 51.—With the abl., Plaut. As. 3, 3, 114:
neque ego hoc homine quemquam vidi magis malum,
id. Ps. 4, 1, 27:
ab secundis rebus magis etiam solito incauti,
Liv. 5, 44, 6.—With compp. (adding to their force):
ita fustibus sum mollior miser magis quam ullus cinaedus,
Plaut. Aul. 3, 2, 8. —
b.
Without the addition of the second term.
(α).
With verbs: ergo plusque magisque viri nunc gloria claret, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 315 Vahl.):
sapiunt magis,
Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 4:
magis curae est, magisque afformido, ne, etc.,
id. ib. 4, 10, 3:
magis metuant,
id. Mil. 5, 44:
tum magis id diceres, Fanni, si, etc.,
Cic. Lael. 7 fin.; cf. id. Rep. 1, 40, 62:
cum Pompeius ita contendisset, ut nihil umquam magis,
id. Fam. 1, 9, 20:
magis velle, for malle: quod magis vellem evenire,
Ter. Eun. 5, 7, 1; Val. Fl. 3, 270.—
(β).
With substt.: non ex jure manum consertum sed magi' ferro, Enn. ap. Gell. 20, 10 (Ann. v. 276 Vahl.):
magis aedilis fieri non potuisset,
better, finer, Cic. Planc. 24, 60.—
(γ).
With pronn.:
ecastor neminem hodie mage Amat corde atque animo suo,
Plaut. Truc. 1, 2, 75.—
(δ).
With adjj. and advv. (so most freq.).—With adjj.:
ut quadam magis necessaria ratione recte sit vivendum,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 1, § 2:
magis anxius,
Ov. M. 1, 182:
hic magis tranquillu'st,
Plaut. Bacch. 5, 2, 55:
nihil videtur mundius, nec magis compositum quicquam, nec magis elegans,
Ter. Eun. 5, 4, 12:
nemo fuit magis severus nec magis continens,
id. ib. 2, 1, 21:
quod est magis verisimile,
Caes. B. G. 3, 13, 6:
magis admirabilis oratio,
Quint. 8, 3, 24:
magis communia verba,
id. 8, 2, 24 et saep.; rare: magis quam in aliis = praeter ceteros;
nescio quo pacto magis quam in aliis suum cuique pulchrum est,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 22, 63.— With advv.:
magis aperte,
Ter. Ad. 4, 5, 30:
magis impense,
id. ib. 5, 9, 36.—With compp. adding to their force:
magis est dulcius,
Plaut. Stich. 5, 4, 22:
magis majores nugae,
id. Men. prol. 55:
magis modum in majorem,
id. Am. 1, 1, 145:
contentiores mage erunt,
id. Poen. 2, 15.—
2.
Strengthened.
a.
By etiam, multo, tanto, eo, hoc, quo, tam, quam; and negatively, nihilo:
qualis in dicendo Hierocles Alabandeus, magis etiam Menecles, frater ejus, fuit,
Cic. Brut. 95, 325; id. Off. 1, 21, 72:
illud ad me, ac multo etiam magis ad vos,
id. de Or. 2, 32, 139:
tanto magis Dic, quis est?
Plaut. Bacch. 3, 6, 28:
ut quidque magis contemplor, tanto magis placet,
id. Most. 3, 2, 146:
vicina cacumina caelo, quam sint magis, tanto magis fument,
Lucr. 6, 460:
quanto ille plura miscebat, tanto hic magis in dies convalescebat,
Cic. Mil. 9, 25:
sed eo magis cauto est Opus, ne huc exeat, qui, etc.,
Plaut. Most. 4, 2, 22:
atque eo magis, si, etc.,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 1, § 1:
eoque magis quod, etc.,
id. Lael. 2, 7; Caes. B. G. 1, 23; 1, 47; 3, 14;
5, 1: immo vero etiam hoc magis, quam illi veteres, quod, etc.,
Cic. Agr. 2, 35, 97:
hoc vero magis properare Varro, ut, etc.,
Caes. B. C. 2, 20:
quo magis cogito ego cum meo animo,
Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 13; Nep. Thras. 2:
magis quam id reputo, tam magis uror,
Plaut. Bacch. 5, 1, 5:
tam magis illa fremens... Quam magis, etc.,
Verg. A. 7, 787:
quanto mage... tam magis,
Lucr. 4, 81 sq.:
quam magis in pectore meo foveo, quas meus filius turbas turbet... magis curae est magisque afformido, ne, etc.,
Plaut. Bacch. 4, 10, 1; 4, 4, 27; id. Men. 1, 1, 19:
quam magis te in altum capessis, tam aestus te in portum refert,
id. As. 1, 3, 6:
densior hinc suboles Quam magis, etc.,
Verg. G. 3, 309:
cum Vercingetorix nihilo magis in aequum locum descenderet,
Caes. B. G. 6, 53.—
b.
By reduplication: magis magisque, magis et magis, magis ac magis; and poet. also, magis magis, more and more: ex desiderio magis magisque maceror, Afran. ap. Charis. p. 182 P.:
cum cotidie magis magisque perditi homines tectis ac templis urbis minarentur,
Cic. Phil. 1, 2, 5; id. Fam. 2, 18, 2; 16, 21, 2; Sall. C. 5, 7; cf. Cic. Fil. Fam. 16, 21, 2:
de Graecia cotidie magis et magis cogito,
Cic. Att. 14, 18, 4; 16, 3, 1; id. Brut. 90, 308; Liv. 7, 32, 6; Sall. J. 8, 6:
magis deinde ac magis,
Suet. Vit. 10:
post hoc magis ac magis,
id. Gram. 3;
for which also: magisque ac magis deinceps,
id. Tit. 3; Tac. A. 14, 8; Sen. de Ira, 3, 1, 4; id. Ep. 114, 25; id. Ben. 2, 14, 4; Plin. Ep. 1, 12, 10; 7, 3, 4; 10, 28, 3.— Poet. also:
magis atque magis,
Verg. A. 12, 239; Cat. 68, 48:
post, vento crescente, magis magis increbescunt,
id. 64, 275; cf. Verg. G. 4, 311.—
3.
Pleon.
a.
With potius (anteclass.):
magis decorum'st Libertum potius quam patronum onus in via portare,
Plaut. As. 3, 3, 99:
mihi magis lubet cum probis potius quam cum improbis vivere,
id. Trin. 2, 1, 38.—
b.
With malle: quam cum lego, nihil malo quam has res relinquere;
his vero auditis multo magis,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 31, 76:
finge enim malle eum magis suum consequi quam, etc.,
Dig. 17, 2, 52, § 10. —
C.
In partic.: non (neque) magis quam.
1.
To signify perfect equality between two enunciations, no more... than; just as much... as; or neg., no more... than; just as little... as:
domus erat non domino magis ornamento quam civitati,
i. e. just as much to the city as to its owner, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 3, § 5; Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 4, 2:
non Hannibale magis victo a se quam Q. Fabio,
Liv. 22, 27, 2:
conficior enim maerore, mea Terentia, nec me meae miseriae magis excruciant quam tuae vestraeque,
Cic. Fam. 13, 3, 1; Liv. 9, 22.— Neg.: qui est enim animus in aliquo morbo... non magis est sanus, quam id corpus, quod in morbo est, i. e. is just as far from being sound as a body, etc., Cic. Tusc. 3, 5, 10:
si aliqua in re Verris similis fuero, non magis mihi deerit inimicus quam Verri defuit,
id. Verr. 2, 3, 69, § 162; id. Fam. 5, 12, 3; id. de Or. 2, 8, 31:
non nascitur itaque ex malo bonum, non magis quam ficus ex olea,
Sen. Ep. 87, 25;
Quint. prooem. § 26: non magis Gaium imperaturum, quam per Baianum sinum equis discursurum,
Suet. Calig. 19. —Ellipt.:
nec eo magis lege liberi sunto,
just as little from that as from the rest, Cic. Leg. 3, 4, 11.—
2.
For restricting the idea expressed in the clause with non magis, so that not more, according to a common figure of speech, = less; in Engl. not so much... as; less... than:
deinde credas mihi affirmanti velim, me hoc non pro Lysone magis quam pro omnibus scribere,
Cic. Fam. 13, 24; Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 17:
miserebat non poenae magis homines, quam sceleris, quo poenam meriti essent,
Liv. 2, 5; 1, 28.—
3.
Magis minusve, magis aut minus, or magis ac minus; post-Aug. for the usual plus minusve, more or less:
sed istud magis minusve vitiosum est pro personis dicentium,
Quint. 11, 1, 27; Plin. 17, 24, 37, § 220:
minora vero plerumque sunt talia, ut pro persona, tempore, loco, causa magis ac minus vel excusata debeant videri vel reprehendenda,
Quint. 11, 1, 14; Plin. 37, 5, 18, § 67:
quaedam tamen et nationibus puto magis aut minus convenire,
Sen. Ep. 40, 11; cf.:
quosdam minus aut magis osos veritatem,
id. Suas. 1, 5:
aut minus, aut magis,
id. Ep. 82, 14.—
4.
With alius... alio, etc.: ceterae philosophorum disciplinae, omnino alia magis alia, sed tamen omnes, one more than another, i. e. in different degrees, Cic. Fin. 3, 3, 11 Madvig. ad loc. (al.:
alia magis, alia minus, v. Hand, Turs. III. p. 560): mihi videntur omnes quidem illi errasse... sed alius alio magis,
Cic. Fin. 4, 16, 43:
sunt omnino omnes fere similes, sed declarant communis notiones, alia magis alia,
id. Tusc. 4, 24, 53:
alii aliis magis recusare,
Liv. 29, 15, 11.— Sup.: maxĭmē( maxŭmē), in the highest degree, most of all, most particularly, especially, exceedingly, very, etc.
A.
Lit.
1.
Alone.
a.
With a verb:
haec una res in omni libero populo maximeque in pacatis tranquillisque civitatibus praecipue semper floruit,
Cic. de Or. 1, 8, 30:
quid commemorem primum aut laudem maxime?
Ter. Eun. 5, 9, 14; 3, 1, 79:
nos coluit maxime,
id. Ad. 3, 2, 54:
quem convenire maxime cupiebam,
Plaut. Pers. 2, 4, 30; id. As. 3, 3, 133:
de te audiebamus ea, quae maxime vellemus,
Cic. Fam. 12, 25, a, 7; cf. id. Att. 13, 1:
extra quos (fines) egredi non possim, si maxime velim,
id. Quint. 10, 35:
in re publica maxime conservanda sunt jura belli,
most especially, id. Off. 1, 11, 33: huic legioni Caesar propter virtutem confidebat maxime, [p. 1101] Caes. B. G. 1, 40:
quem Homero crederet maxime accedere,
came nearest to, Quint. 10, 1, 86; cf.
pugnare,
most violently, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 271; 1, 1, 44:
jubere,
most positively, id. Bacch. 4, 9, 80:
id enim est profecto, quod constituta religione rem publicam contineat maxime,
Cic. Leg. 2, 27, 69; cf. maxime fin.:
ab eo exordiri volui maxime,
id. Off. 1, 2, 4:
cernere naturae vim maxime,
id. Tusc. 1, 15, 35.—
b.
With an adj.:
res maxime necessaria,
Cic. Lael. 23, 86:
loca maxime frumentaria,
Caes. B. G. 1, 10:
loci ad hoc maxime idonei,
Quint. 1, 11, 13:
maxime naturali carent amicitia,
Cic. Lael. 21, 80:
maxime feri,
Caes. B. G. 2, 4:
qui eo tempore maxime plebi acceptus erat,
id. ib. 1, 3:
idem ad augendam eloquentiam maxime accommodati erunt,
Quint. 1, 11, 13:
elegans maxime auctor,
id. 10, 1, 93:
maxime vero commune est quaerere, an sit honesta? etc.,
id. 2, 4, 37:
noto enim maxime utar exemplo,
id. 7, 3, 3.—So with supp.:
quae maxime liberalissima,
Cic. Att. 12, 38, 3:
maxime gravissimam omniumque (rerum),
Liv. 41, 23, 4 MS. (dub.: maxumam gravissimamque, Weissenb.). —
c.
With numerals, at most:
puer ad annos maxime natus octo,
Gell. 17, 8, 4.—
d.
With an adv.:
ut dicatis quam maxime ad veritatem accommodate,
Cic. de Or. 1, 33, 149 (v. infra 2).—
2.
Strengthened by unus, unus omnium, omnium, multo, vel, tam, quam, etc. (supply potest):
qui proelium unus maxime accenderat,
Curt. 5, 2, 5:
cum sua modestia unus omnium maxime floreret,
Nep. Milt. 1, 1:
quae maxime omnium belli avida,
Liv. 23, 49; 4, 59; cf. Drak. ad Liv. 36, 19, 4:
atque ea res multo maxime disjunxit illum ab illa,
Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 85:
imperium populi Romani multo maxime miserabile visum est,
Sall. C. 36, 4:
illud mihi videtur vel maxime confirmare, etc.,
Cic. N. D. 2, 65, 162:
hoc enim uno praestamus vel maxime feris,
id. de Or. 1, 8, 32:
quae quidem vel maxime suspicionem movent,
id. Part. Or. 33, 114:
quam potes, tam verba confer maxime ad compendium,
as much as possible, Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 186:
ego jubeo quam maxime unam facere nos hanc familiam,
Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 2:
ut quam maxime permaneant diuturna corpora,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 45, 108; id. de Or. 1, 34, 154:
quo mihi rectius videtur, memoriam nostri quam maxime longam efficere,
Sall. C. 1, 3:
ceterum illum juvenem incipere a quam maxime facili ac favorabili causa velim,
Quint. 12, 6, 6.—
3.
With the relative qui in the phrases, quam qui maxime and ut qui maxime:
tam enim sum amicus rei publicae, quam qui maxime,
as any one whatever, Cic. Fam. 5, 2, 6:
grata ea res, ut quae maxime senatui umquam fuit,
Liv. 5, 25; 7, 33.—
4.
With ut quisque... ita (maxime, potissimum or minime), the more... the more (or less):
hoc maxime officii est, ut quisque maxime opis indigeat, ita ei potissimum opitulari,
Cic. Off. 1, 15, 49:
ut quisque magnitudine animae maxime excellit, ita maxime, etc.,
id. ib. 1, 19, 64; cf.
, in the contrary order: colendum autem esse ita quemque maxime, ut quisque maxime virtutibus his lenioribus erit ornatus,
id. ib. 1, 15, 47:
ut enim quisque maxime ad suum commodum refert, quaecumque agit, ita minime est vir bonus,
id. Leg. 1, 18, 49.—
5.
In gradations, to denote the first and most desirable, first of all, in the first place:
hujus industriam maxime quidem vellem, ut imitarentur ii, quos oportebat: secundo autem loco, ne alterius labori inviderent,
Cic. Phil. 8, 10, 31; cf. id. Caecin. 9, 23:
si per eum reductus insidiose redissem, me scilicet maxime sed proxime illum quoque fefellissem,
id. Rab. Post. 12, 33:
in quo genere sunt maxime oves, deinde caprae,
Varr. R. R. 2, 9, 1:
maxime... dein,
Plin. 9, 16, 23, § 56:
sed vitem maxime populus videtur alere, deinde ulmus, post etiam fraxinus,
Col. 5, 6, 4:
maxime... deinde... postea... minume,
Plin. 37, 12, 75, § 196:
maxime... postea... ultimae,
Col. 6, 3, 6:
post Chium maxime laudatur Creticum, mox Aegyptium,
Plin. 18, 7, 17, § 77.—
B.
Transf.
1.
Like potissimum, to give prominence to an idea, especially, particularly, principally:
quae ratio poetas, maximeque Homerum impulit, ut, etc.,
Cic. N. D. 2, 6, 6; Varr. R. R. 1, 51, 1:
scribe aliquid, et maxime, si Pompeius Italia cedit,
Cic. Att. 7, 12, 4: de Cocceio et Libone quae scribis, approbo:
maxime quod de judicatu meo,
id. ib. 12, 19, 2; id. Fin. 5, 1, 1:
cognoscat etiam rerum gestarum et memoriae veteris ordinem, maxime scilicet nostrae civitatis,
id. Or. 34, 120; id. Att. 13, 1, 2.—So in the connection, cum... tum maxime; tum... tum maxime; ut... tum maxime, but more especially:
scio et perspexi saepe: cum antehac, tum hodie maxime,
Plaut. Mil. 4, 8, 56:
plena exemplorum est nostra res publica, cum saepe, tum maxime bello Punico secundo,
Cic. Off. 3, 11, 47; id. Att. 11, 6, 1; id. Fl. 38, 94:
tum exercitationibus crebris atque magnis, tum scribendo maxime persequatur,
id. de Or. 2, 23, 96:
longius autem procedens, ut in ceteris eloquentiae partibus, tum maxime, etc.,
id. Brut. 93, 320.— With nunc, nuper, tum, cum, just, precisely, exactly: Me. Quid? vostrum patri Filii quot eratis? M. Su. Ut nunc maxime memini, duo, just now, Plaut. Men. 5, 9, 58:
cum iis, quos nuper maxime liberaverat,
Caes. B. C. 3, 9:
ipse tum maxime admoto igne refovebat artus,
Curt. 8, 4, 25; 6, 6, 10; 5, 7, 2; Liv. 27, 4, 2 Drak.:
haec cum maxime loqueretur, sex lictores eum circumsistunt valentissimi,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 54, § 142; cf. id. ib. 2, 2, 76, § 187;
2, 4, 38, § 72: totius autem injustitiae nulla capitalior, quam eorum, qui cum maxime fallunt, id agunt, ut viri boni esse videantur,
id. Off. 1, 13, 41; Liv. 4, 3; 30, 33:
tum cum maxime,
at that precise time, at that moment, Liv. 40, 13, 4; 40, 32, 1; 33, 9, 3; 43, 7, 8; so,
tunc cum maxime,
Curt. 3, 2, 17:
nunc cum maxime,
Cic. Clu. 5, 12; id. Sen. 11, 38; Liv. 29, 17, 7; v. 2. cum.—
2.
In colloquial lang., to denote emphatic assent, certainly, by all means, very well, yes; and with immo, to express emphatic dissent, certainly not, by no means: Ar. Jace, pater, talos, ut porro nos jaciamus. De. Maxime, Plaut. As. 5, 2, 54; id. Curc. 2, 3, 36: Th. Nisi quid magis Es occupatus, operam mihi da. Si. Maxime, id. Most. 4, 3, 17; Ter. And. 4, 5, 23: Ca. Numquid peccatum est, Simo? Si. Immo maxime, Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 80; Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 31:
scilicet res ipsa aspera est, sed vos non timetis eam. Immo vero maxime,
Sall. C. 52, 28 (v. immo); v. Hand, Turs. III. p. 552-607.
2.
Magnus, i, m., a Roman surname, e. g. Cn. Pompeius Magnus; v. Pompeius.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > maxume

52 maxumus

1.
magnus, a, um (archaic gen. magnai for magnae:
magnai reipublicai gratia,
Plaut. Mil. 2, 1, 23), adj.; comp. mājor, us; sup. maxĭmus ( maxŭm-), a, um [root magh-; Sanscr. mahat, maba, great; Gr. megas; cf. meizôn for megiôn; cf. mêchos, majestas; also cf. root mak-; Gr. makros, and perh. makar], great, large.
I.
Lit., of physical size or quantity, great, large; of things, vast, extensive, spacious, etc.: nequam et magnus homo, a great, tall fellow, Lucil. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 32 Mull.; cf.
the double meaning: tu, bis denis grandia libris Qui scribis Priami proelia, magnus homo es,
a great man, Mart. 9, 51, 4: magna ossa lacertique Apparent homini, Lucil. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1:
magna ossa lacertosque Exuit,
Verg. A. 5, 422: (scarus) magnusque bonusque, Enn. ap. App. Mag. p. 299 (Heduph. v. 9 Vahl.): indu mari magno, id. ap. Macr. 6, 2 (Ann. v. 425 Vahl.); so, in mari magno, id. ap. Fest. p. 356 Mull.; cf. Lucr. 2, 554:
magnus fluens Nilus,
Verg. G. 3, 28; Sen. Q. N. 4, 2, 2:
magna et pulcra domus,
spacious, Cic. N. D. 2, 6, 17:
montes,
Cat. 64. 280; cf. Olympum, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 20 Mull. (Ann. v. 1 Vahl.):
templa caelitum,
vast, id. ib. 7, § 6 (Trag. v. 227 Vahl.): magnae quercus, great oaks, lofty oaks, id. ap. Macr. S. 6, 2 (Ann. v. 194 Vahl.):
aquae,
great floods, inundations, Liv. 24, 9: saxa maxima, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 16, 37:
oppidum maximum,
Caes. B. G. 1, 23.—
B.
Esp.
1.
Of measure, weight, quantity, great, much, abundant, considerable, etc.:
maximum pondus auri, magnum numerum frumenti, vim mellis maximam exportasse,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 72, § 176:
magna pecunia mutua,
id. Att. 11, 3, 3:
copia pabuli,
Caes. B. G. 1, 16:
multitudo peditatus,
id. ib. 4, 34:
divitiae,
Nep. Dion. 1, 2:
populus,
Verg. A. 1, 148.—
2.
Rarely of time, for longus, multus:
interea magnum sol circumvolvitur annum,
Verg. A. 3, 284:
magnum vocans solis (annum) comparatione lunaris,
Macr. S. 2, 11:
magno post tempore,
Just. 11, 10, 14; 32, 3, 10.—
3.
Of the voice, loud, powerful, strong, mighty:
magna voce confiteri,
Cic. Caecin. 32, 92: major pars, the majority:
tribunorum,
Liv. 9, 46, 7.
II.
Trop.
A.
In gen., great, grand, mighty, noble, lofty, important, of great weight or importance, momentous: cum magnis dis, Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 1, 12, 38 (Ann. v. 207 Vahl.); cf.: Saturnia magna dearum, id. ap. Prisc. p. 1103 P. (Ann. v. 482 Vahl.):
vir magnus in primis,
Cic. N. D. 1, 43, 120:
nemo igitur vir magnus sine aliquo adflatu divino umquam fuit,
id. ib. 2, 66, 167:
magnus hoc bello Themistocles fuit, nec minor in pace,
Nep. Them. 6, 1:
Cato clarus atque magnus habetur,
Sall. C. 53, 1:
amicus,
great, wealthy, Juv. 6, 312: res magnas parvasque Eloqui, Enn. ap. Gell. 12, 4 (Ann. v. 244 Vahl.):
virtus,
Caes. B. G. 2, 15:
infamia,
Cic. Fam. 1, 1:
eloquentia, gravitas, studium, contentio,
id. ib.:
multo major alacritas, studiumque pugnandi majus,
Caes. B. G. 1, 46:
causa,
great, important, weighty, Cic. Dom. 1, 1:
opus et arduum,
id. Or. 10, 33.— Absol. in neutr, sing. and plur.:
quamquam id magnum, et arduum est,
something great, Cic. Fam. 6, 7, 6: magna Di curant ( great things, important matters), parva neglegunt, id. N. D. 2, 66, 167:
magna loqui,
to say great things, speak boastfully, Tib. 2, 6, 11:
magnum est efficere, ut quis intellegat, quid sit illud, etc.,
it is a great, difficult, important thing, Cic. Ac. 1, 2, 7:
probitatem vel in eis, quos numquam vidimus, vel, quod majus est, in hoste etiam diligimus,
what is far greater, id. Lael. 9, 29: annus magnus, the great year, at the end of which the sun, moon, and planets were supposed to return to the same relative positions, the Piatonic year or cycle, consisting of 15000 years:
quarum (stellarum) ex disparibus motionibus, magnum annum mathematici nominaverunt, etc.,
Cic. N. D. 2, 20, 52; id. Fragm. ap. Tac. Or. 16.— Posit. in comparison: Alexander orbi magnus est, Alex. andro orbis angustus, great in comparison with, i. e. too great for, Sen. Suas. 1, 3.—
B.
In partic.
1.
Of age, with natu, advanced in years, of great age, aged:
jam magno natu,
Nep. Paus. 5; Liv. 3, 71, 3:
homo magnus natu,
id. 10, 38, 6.—Usually in the comp. and sup., with or without natu or annis, older, the elder, the oldest or eldest:
qui (Livius) fuit major natu quam Plautus et Naevius,
older than, earlier, Cic. Tusc. 1, 1, 3:
audivi ex majoribus natu,
id. Off. 1, 30, 109:
hic una e multis, quae maxima natu, Pyrgo,
Verg. A. 5, 644:
annos natus major quadraginta,
more than, Cic. Rosc. Am. 14, 39:
civis major annis viginti,
Suet. Caes. 42:
cum liberis, majoribus quam quindecim annos natis,
Liv. 45, 32.— Absol.: senis nostri frater major, the elder of two, Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 13:
ex duobus filiis major, Caes B. C. 3, 108, 3: Fabii Ambusti filiae duae nuptae, Ser. Sulpicio major minor Licinio Stoloni erat,
Liv. 6, 34:
Gelo maximus stirpis,
id. 23, 30:
ut nubere vellet mulier viro, major juniori,
App. Mag. 27, p. 291, 28; cf.
in gen.: Cyrus major,
Lact. 4, 5, 7:
quaerere uter major aetate fuerit, Homerus an Hesiodus, cum minor Hecuba fuerit quam Helena,
Sen. Ep. 88, 5.—In legal lang., major (opp. minor), one who has attained his twenty-fifth year, who is of age:
si minor negotiis majoris intervenerit,
Dig. 4, 4, 24.—In plur. subst.: mājō-res, um, m., adults (opp. pueri), Varr. L. L. 9, 10, § 16 Mull.—But usually majores, ancestors, forefathers:
Itan tandem hanc majores famam tradiderunt tibi tui, Ut, etc.,
Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 16:
ibi mei sunt majores siti, pater, avos, proavos, abavos,
id. Mil. 2, 4, 20:
L. Philippus, vir patre, avo, majoribus suis dignissimus,
Cic. Phil. 3, 10, 25:
patres majoresque nostri,
id. Div. in Caecil. 21, 69:
more majorum,
id. Att. 1, 1, 1:
spes tamen una est, aliquando populum Romanum majorum similem fore,
id. Fam. 12, 22, 2:
majores natu,
Nep. Iphicr. 1, 1:
maxima virgo,
the eldest of the Vestal virgins, Ov. F. 4, 639: major erus, the old master, the master of the house, the old man (opp.: minor erus, the young master): Le. Ubinam est erus? Li. Major apud forum'st, minor hic est intus, Plaut. As. 2, 2, 63: majores natu, of the Senate:
de istis rebus in patria majores natu consulemus,
Liv. 1, 32, 10.—In designating relationship, magnus denotes kindred of the fourth, major of the fifth, and maximus of the sixth degree; so, avunculus magnus, a great-uncle; amita magna, a greataunt; avunculus or amita major; avunculus maximus, amita maxima, etc.; v. h. vv., and cf. Dig. 38, 10, 10.—
2.
In specifications of value, in the neutr. absol., magni or magno, high, dear, of great value, at a high price, etc.; cf.: pretii majoris or maximi, higher, highest, very high:
magni esse,
to be highly esteemed, Cic. Fam. 13, 72, 2:
magni aestimare,
id. Tusc. 5, 7, 20:
magni existimans interesse ad decus,
to be of great consequence, id. N. D. 1, 4, 7:
emere agros poterunt quam volent magno,
id. Agr. 2, 13, 34:
magno vendere,
id. Verr. 2, 3, 30, § 71:
conducere aliquid nimium magno,
too high, too dear, id. Att. 1, 17, 9:
magno illi ea cunctatio stetit,
cost him dear, Liv. 2, 36.— Comp.:
ornatus muliebris majoris pretii,
Cic. Inv 1, 31, 51, rarely without pretii:
multo majoris alapae mecum veneunt,
dearer, higher, Phaedr. 2, 5, 25.— Sup.: te haec solum semper fecit maxumi, most highly prized, Ter And. 1, 5, 58:
senatus auctoritatem sibi maximi videri,
Cic. Att. 1, 14, 2: in majus, too greatly, too highly, greater than it is:
extollere aliquid in majus,
more highly than it deserves, Tac. A. 15, 30:
celebrare,
id. ib. 13, 8:
nuntiare,
id. H. 3, 38:
credere,
to believe a thing to be worse than it is, id. ib. 1, 18:
accipere,
to take a thing to be greater than it is, id. ib. 3, 8 init.: innotescere, in an exaggerated manner, id. ib 4, 50.—Also with abl., in majus vero ferri, Liv. 21, 32, 7.—
3.
Magnum and maximum, adverbially, greatly, loudly (ante- and post-class.):
magnum clamat,
greatly, with a loud voice, aloud, Plaut. Mil. 3, 2, 10:
inclamare,
Gell. 5, 9 fin.:
exclamat derepente maximum,
Plaut. Most. 2, 2, 57.—Hence, măgis, adv., only in comp. in this anomalous form (i. e. mag-ius, like pris-cus for [p. 1100] prius-cus, and pris-tinus for prius-tinus); and in sup.: maxĭmē ( maxŭmē).
A.
Comp.: magĭs (apocop. form, măgĕ, Plaut. As. 1, 1, 51; 2, 3, 14; id. Mon. 2, 3, 35; id. Poen. 1, 2, 64; 1, 2, 14; id. Trin. 4, 3, 46; id. Truc. 1, 2, 75; 3, 1, 17; 4, 4, 34; Lucr. 4, 81; 756; 5, 1203; Prop. 1, 11, 9; 3 (4), 14, 2; 4 (5), 8, 16; Verg. A. 10, 481; Sol. 22 fin.; but in Enn. ap. Cic. Fam. 7, 13, 2, magis or magi'. Acc. to Serv. Verg. A. 10, 481, Cicero in the Frumentaria wrote: mage condemnatum hominum in judicium adducere non posse), in a higher degree, more completely, more (for the difference between magis, plus, potius, and amplius, v. amplius).—
B.
In gen.
1.
With no qualifying words.
a.
With the addition of the second term of the comparison.
(α).
With verbs:
quae (facinora) istaec aetas fugere magis quam sectari solet,
Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 28:
saliendo sese exercebant magis, quam scorto aut saviis,
id. Bacch. 3, 3, 25; id. Pers. 4, 4, 108; 86:
magis honorem tribuere quam salutem accipere,
Caes. B. G. 7, 20, 7:
nisi forte magis erit parricida, si qui consularem patrem, quam si quis humilem necarit,
Cic. Mil. 7, 17:
magis ut consuetudinem servem, quam quod, etc.,
id. Clu. 32, 89.—Repeated:
quam magis exhausto spumaverit ubere mulctra, Laeta magis pressis manabunt flumina mammis, i. e. quo magis,... eo magis,
Verg. G. 3, 309 sq.; cf.:
tam magis illa fremens... quam magis effuso crudescunt sanguine pugnae,
id. ib. 7, 787 sq.; v. Hand, Turs. III. p. 566.—Magis est, quod or ut, there is greater reason, there is more cause that, etc.:
quamobrem etsi magis est, quod gratuler tibi, quam quod te rogem: tamen etiam rogo, etc.,
Cic. Att. 16, 5, 2:
magis est, ut ipse moleste ferat, errasse se, quam ut, etc.,
id. Cael. 6, 14.—
(β).
With substt., usu. with quam: tu me amoris magis quam honoris servavisti gratia, Poet. ap. Cic. Tusc. 4, 32, 69: bellipotentes sunt magi' quam sapientipotentes, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 2, 56, 116 (Ann. v. 188 Vahl.):
umbra es amantum magis quam amator,
Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 31:
magis adeo id facilitate quam alia ulla culpa mea contigit,
Cic. de Or. 2, 4, 15:
aditus ad consulatum non magis nobilitati quam virtuti pateret,
id. Mur. 8, 17:
magis ratione et consilio quam virtute vicisse,
Caes. B. G. 1, 40, 8; cf.:
ut magis virtute quam dolo contenderent,
id. ib. 1, 13, 6:
se magis consuetudine sua quam merito eorum civitatem conservaturum,
id. ib. 2, 32, 1:
timori magis quam religioni consulere,
id. B. C. 1, 67, 3:
jus bonumque apud eos non legibus magis quam natura valebat,
Sall. C. 9, 1:
non duces magis quam milites callent (obsistere, etc.),
Curt. 3, 2, 14.—And after negatives: non magis quam, as little as:
in dicendo irasci, dolere... non sunt figurae, non magis quam suadere,
Quint. 9, 1, 23:
Romanos nec magis jam dolo capi quam armis vinci posse,
Liv. 10, 4, 10:
pro certo habens non magis Antonio eripi se quam Caesari Brutum posse,
Sen. Suas. 6, 17:
non magis Alexandri saevitiam quam Bessi parricidium ferre potuisse,
Curt. 7, 6, 15; cf.:
nec magis post proelium quam in proelio caedibus temperatum est,
Liv. 2, 16, 9. —Followed by atque instead of quam (rare):
non Apollinis magis verum atque hoc responsum est,
Ter. And. 4, 2, 15.— With the comp. abl. (rare):
quid philosophia magis colendum?
Cic. Fin. 3, 22, 76:
quanto magis Aliensi die Aliam ipsam reformidaturos?
Liv. 6, 28, 6 Weissenb. ad loc.:
quam Juno fertur terris magis omnibus unam... coluisse,
Verg. A. 1, 15 (cf. B. 3. infra):
Albanum sive Falernum Te magis appositis delectat,
Hor. S. 2, 8, 17.—
(γ).
With pronn.:
quid habetis, qui mage immortales vos credam esse quam ego siem?
Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 64:
quis homo sit magis meus quam tu es?
id. Mil. 3, 1, 20:
quam mage amo quam matrem meam,
id. Truc. 3, 1, 17; cf.:
quem ego ecastor mage amo quam me,
id. ib. 4, 4, 34.—With utrum, followed by an:
jam scibo, utrum haec me mage amet, an marsupium,
Plaut. Men. 2, 3, 35.—With the abl. instead of quam:
nec magis hac infra quicquam est in corpore nostro,
Lucr. 3, 274; Verg. A. 1, 15.—
(δ).
With adjj. and advv., and esp. with those which do not admit the comparative termination (most freq. without adding the second term of the comparison; v. under b. d): numquam potuisti mihi Magis opportunus advenire quam advenis, Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 47:
neque lac lacti magis est simile, quam ille ego similis est mei,
id. Am. 2, 1, 54:
ars magis magna atque uber, quam difficilis et obscura,
Cic. de Or. 1, 42, 190:
corpora magna magis quam firma,
Liv. 5, 44, 4:
vultu pulchro magis quam venusto,
Suet. Ner. 51.—With the abl., Plaut. As. 3, 3, 114:
neque ego hoc homine quemquam vidi magis malum,
id. Ps. 4, 1, 27:
ab secundis rebus magis etiam solito incauti,
Liv. 5, 44, 6.—With compp. (adding to their force):
ita fustibus sum mollior miser magis quam ullus cinaedus,
Plaut. Aul. 3, 2, 8. —
b.
Without the addition of the second term.
(α).
With verbs: ergo plusque magisque viri nunc gloria claret, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 315 Vahl.):
sapiunt magis,
Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 4:
magis curae est, magisque afformido, ne, etc.,
id. ib. 4, 10, 3:
magis metuant,
id. Mil. 5, 44:
tum magis id diceres, Fanni, si, etc.,
Cic. Lael. 7 fin.; cf. id. Rep. 1, 40, 62:
cum Pompeius ita contendisset, ut nihil umquam magis,
id. Fam. 1, 9, 20:
magis velle, for malle: quod magis vellem evenire,
Ter. Eun. 5, 7, 1; Val. Fl. 3, 270.—
(β).
With substt.: non ex jure manum consertum sed magi' ferro, Enn. ap. Gell. 20, 10 (Ann. v. 276 Vahl.):
magis aedilis fieri non potuisset,
better, finer, Cic. Planc. 24, 60.—
(γ).
With pronn.:
ecastor neminem hodie mage Amat corde atque animo suo,
Plaut. Truc. 1, 2, 75.—
(δ).
With adjj. and advv. (so most freq.).—With adjj.:
ut quadam magis necessaria ratione recte sit vivendum,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 1, § 2:
magis anxius,
Ov. M. 1, 182:
hic magis tranquillu'st,
Plaut. Bacch. 5, 2, 55:
nihil videtur mundius, nec magis compositum quicquam, nec magis elegans,
Ter. Eun. 5, 4, 12:
nemo fuit magis severus nec magis continens,
id. ib. 2, 1, 21:
quod est magis verisimile,
Caes. B. G. 3, 13, 6:
magis admirabilis oratio,
Quint. 8, 3, 24:
magis communia verba,
id. 8, 2, 24 et saep.; rare: magis quam in aliis = praeter ceteros;
nescio quo pacto magis quam in aliis suum cuique pulchrum est,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 22, 63.— With advv.:
magis aperte,
Ter. Ad. 4, 5, 30:
magis impense,
id. ib. 5, 9, 36.—With compp. adding to their force:
magis est dulcius,
Plaut. Stich. 5, 4, 22:
magis majores nugae,
id. Men. prol. 55:
magis modum in majorem,
id. Am. 1, 1, 145:
contentiores mage erunt,
id. Poen. 2, 15.—
2.
Strengthened.
a.
By etiam, multo, tanto, eo, hoc, quo, tam, quam; and negatively, nihilo:
qualis in dicendo Hierocles Alabandeus, magis etiam Menecles, frater ejus, fuit,
Cic. Brut. 95, 325; id. Off. 1, 21, 72:
illud ad me, ac multo etiam magis ad vos,
id. de Or. 2, 32, 139:
tanto magis Dic, quis est?
Plaut. Bacch. 3, 6, 28:
ut quidque magis contemplor, tanto magis placet,
id. Most. 3, 2, 146:
vicina cacumina caelo, quam sint magis, tanto magis fument,
Lucr. 6, 460:
quanto ille plura miscebat, tanto hic magis in dies convalescebat,
Cic. Mil. 9, 25:
sed eo magis cauto est Opus, ne huc exeat, qui, etc.,
Plaut. Most. 4, 2, 22:
atque eo magis, si, etc.,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 1, § 1:
eoque magis quod, etc.,
id. Lael. 2, 7; Caes. B. G. 1, 23; 1, 47; 3, 14;
5, 1: immo vero etiam hoc magis, quam illi veteres, quod, etc.,
Cic. Agr. 2, 35, 97:
hoc vero magis properare Varro, ut, etc.,
Caes. B. C. 2, 20:
quo magis cogito ego cum meo animo,
Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 13; Nep. Thras. 2:
magis quam id reputo, tam magis uror,
Plaut. Bacch. 5, 1, 5:
tam magis illa fremens... Quam magis, etc.,
Verg. A. 7, 787:
quanto mage... tam magis,
Lucr. 4, 81 sq.:
quam magis in pectore meo foveo, quas meus filius turbas turbet... magis curae est magisque afformido, ne, etc.,
Plaut. Bacch. 4, 10, 1; 4, 4, 27; id. Men. 1, 1, 19:
quam magis te in altum capessis, tam aestus te in portum refert,
id. As. 1, 3, 6:
densior hinc suboles Quam magis, etc.,
Verg. G. 3, 309:
cum Vercingetorix nihilo magis in aequum locum descenderet,
Caes. B. G. 6, 53.—
b.
By reduplication: magis magisque, magis et magis, magis ac magis; and poet. also, magis magis, more and more: ex desiderio magis magisque maceror, Afran. ap. Charis. p. 182 P.:
cum cotidie magis magisque perditi homines tectis ac templis urbis minarentur,
Cic. Phil. 1, 2, 5; id. Fam. 2, 18, 2; 16, 21, 2; Sall. C. 5, 7; cf. Cic. Fil. Fam. 16, 21, 2:
de Graecia cotidie magis et magis cogito,
Cic. Att. 14, 18, 4; 16, 3, 1; id. Brut. 90, 308; Liv. 7, 32, 6; Sall. J. 8, 6:
magis deinde ac magis,
Suet. Vit. 10:
post hoc magis ac magis,
id. Gram. 3;
for which also: magisque ac magis deinceps,
id. Tit. 3; Tac. A. 14, 8; Sen. de Ira, 3, 1, 4; id. Ep. 114, 25; id. Ben. 2, 14, 4; Plin. Ep. 1, 12, 10; 7, 3, 4; 10, 28, 3.— Poet. also:
magis atque magis,
Verg. A. 12, 239; Cat. 68, 48:
post, vento crescente, magis magis increbescunt,
id. 64, 275; cf. Verg. G. 4, 311.—
3.
Pleon.
a.
With potius (anteclass.):
magis decorum'st Libertum potius quam patronum onus in via portare,
Plaut. As. 3, 3, 99:
mihi magis lubet cum probis potius quam cum improbis vivere,
id. Trin. 2, 1, 38.—
b.
With malle: quam cum lego, nihil malo quam has res relinquere;
his vero auditis multo magis,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 31, 76:
finge enim malle eum magis suum consequi quam, etc.,
Dig. 17, 2, 52, § 10. —
C.
In partic.: non (neque) magis quam.
1.
To signify perfect equality between two enunciations, no more... than; just as much... as; or neg., no more... than; just as little... as:
domus erat non domino magis ornamento quam civitati,
i. e. just as much to the city as to its owner, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 3, § 5; Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 4, 2:
non Hannibale magis victo a se quam Q. Fabio,
Liv. 22, 27, 2:
conficior enim maerore, mea Terentia, nec me meae miseriae magis excruciant quam tuae vestraeque,
Cic. Fam. 13, 3, 1; Liv. 9, 22.— Neg.: qui est enim animus in aliquo morbo... non magis est sanus, quam id corpus, quod in morbo est, i. e. is just as far from being sound as a body, etc., Cic. Tusc. 3, 5, 10:
si aliqua in re Verris similis fuero, non magis mihi deerit inimicus quam Verri defuit,
id. Verr. 2, 3, 69, § 162; id. Fam. 5, 12, 3; id. de Or. 2, 8, 31:
non nascitur itaque ex malo bonum, non magis quam ficus ex olea,
Sen. Ep. 87, 25;
Quint. prooem. § 26: non magis Gaium imperaturum, quam per Baianum sinum equis discursurum,
Suet. Calig. 19. —Ellipt.:
nec eo magis lege liberi sunto,
just as little from that as from the rest, Cic. Leg. 3, 4, 11.—
2.
For restricting the idea expressed in the clause with non magis, so that not more, according to a common figure of speech, = less; in Engl. not so much... as; less... than:
deinde credas mihi affirmanti velim, me hoc non pro Lysone magis quam pro omnibus scribere,
Cic. Fam. 13, 24; Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 17:
miserebat non poenae magis homines, quam sceleris, quo poenam meriti essent,
Liv. 2, 5; 1, 28.—
3.
Magis minusve, magis aut minus, or magis ac minus; post-Aug. for the usual plus minusve, more or less:
sed istud magis minusve vitiosum est pro personis dicentium,
Quint. 11, 1, 27; Plin. 17, 24, 37, § 220:
minora vero plerumque sunt talia, ut pro persona, tempore, loco, causa magis ac minus vel excusata debeant videri vel reprehendenda,
Quint. 11, 1, 14; Plin. 37, 5, 18, § 67:
quaedam tamen et nationibus puto magis aut minus convenire,
Sen. Ep. 40, 11; cf.:
quosdam minus aut magis osos veritatem,
id. Suas. 1, 5:
aut minus, aut magis,
id. Ep. 82, 14.—
4.
With alius... alio, etc.: ceterae philosophorum disciplinae, omnino alia magis alia, sed tamen omnes, one more than another, i. e. in different degrees, Cic. Fin. 3, 3, 11 Madvig. ad loc. (al.:
alia magis, alia minus, v. Hand, Turs. III. p. 560): mihi videntur omnes quidem illi errasse... sed alius alio magis,
Cic. Fin. 4, 16, 43:
sunt omnino omnes fere similes, sed declarant communis notiones, alia magis alia,
id. Tusc. 4, 24, 53:
alii aliis magis recusare,
Liv. 29, 15, 11.— Sup.: maxĭmē( maxŭmē), in the highest degree, most of all, most particularly, especially, exceedingly, very, etc.
A.
Lit.
1.
Alone.
a.
With a verb:
haec una res in omni libero populo maximeque in pacatis tranquillisque civitatibus praecipue semper floruit,
Cic. de Or. 1, 8, 30:
quid commemorem primum aut laudem maxime?
Ter. Eun. 5, 9, 14; 3, 1, 79:
nos coluit maxime,
id. Ad. 3, 2, 54:
quem convenire maxime cupiebam,
Plaut. Pers. 2, 4, 30; id. As. 3, 3, 133:
de te audiebamus ea, quae maxime vellemus,
Cic. Fam. 12, 25, a, 7; cf. id. Att. 13, 1:
extra quos (fines) egredi non possim, si maxime velim,
id. Quint. 10, 35:
in re publica maxime conservanda sunt jura belli,
most especially, id. Off. 1, 11, 33: huic legioni Caesar propter virtutem confidebat maxime, [p. 1101] Caes. B. G. 1, 40:
quem Homero crederet maxime accedere,
came nearest to, Quint. 10, 1, 86; cf.
pugnare,
most violently, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 271; 1, 1, 44:
jubere,
most positively, id. Bacch. 4, 9, 80:
id enim est profecto, quod constituta religione rem publicam contineat maxime,
Cic. Leg. 2, 27, 69; cf. maxime fin.:
ab eo exordiri volui maxime,
id. Off. 1, 2, 4:
cernere naturae vim maxime,
id. Tusc. 1, 15, 35.—
b.
With an adj.:
res maxime necessaria,
Cic. Lael. 23, 86:
loca maxime frumentaria,
Caes. B. G. 1, 10:
loci ad hoc maxime idonei,
Quint. 1, 11, 13:
maxime naturali carent amicitia,
Cic. Lael. 21, 80:
maxime feri,
Caes. B. G. 2, 4:
qui eo tempore maxime plebi acceptus erat,
id. ib. 1, 3:
idem ad augendam eloquentiam maxime accommodati erunt,
Quint. 1, 11, 13:
elegans maxime auctor,
id. 10, 1, 93:
maxime vero commune est quaerere, an sit honesta? etc.,
id. 2, 4, 37:
noto enim maxime utar exemplo,
id. 7, 3, 3.—So with supp.:
quae maxime liberalissima,
Cic. Att. 12, 38, 3:
maxime gravissimam omniumque (rerum),
Liv. 41, 23, 4 MS. (dub.: maxumam gravissimamque, Weissenb.). —
c.
With numerals, at most:
puer ad annos maxime natus octo,
Gell. 17, 8, 4.—
d.
With an adv.:
ut dicatis quam maxime ad veritatem accommodate,
Cic. de Or. 1, 33, 149 (v. infra 2).—
2.
Strengthened by unus, unus omnium, omnium, multo, vel, tam, quam, etc. (supply potest):
qui proelium unus maxime accenderat,
Curt. 5, 2, 5:
cum sua modestia unus omnium maxime floreret,
Nep. Milt. 1, 1:
quae maxime omnium belli avida,
Liv. 23, 49; 4, 59; cf. Drak. ad Liv. 36, 19, 4:
atque ea res multo maxime disjunxit illum ab illa,
Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 85:
imperium populi Romani multo maxime miserabile visum est,
Sall. C. 36, 4:
illud mihi videtur vel maxime confirmare, etc.,
Cic. N. D. 2, 65, 162:
hoc enim uno praestamus vel maxime feris,
id. de Or. 1, 8, 32:
quae quidem vel maxime suspicionem movent,
id. Part. Or. 33, 114:
quam potes, tam verba confer maxime ad compendium,
as much as possible, Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 186:
ego jubeo quam maxime unam facere nos hanc familiam,
Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 2:
ut quam maxime permaneant diuturna corpora,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 45, 108; id. de Or. 1, 34, 154:
quo mihi rectius videtur, memoriam nostri quam maxime longam efficere,
Sall. C. 1, 3:
ceterum illum juvenem incipere a quam maxime facili ac favorabili causa velim,
Quint. 12, 6, 6.—
3.
With the relative qui in the phrases, quam qui maxime and ut qui maxime:
tam enim sum amicus rei publicae, quam qui maxime,
as any one whatever, Cic. Fam. 5, 2, 6:
grata ea res, ut quae maxime senatui umquam fuit,
Liv. 5, 25; 7, 33.—
4.
With ut quisque... ita (maxime, potissimum or minime), the more... the more (or less):
hoc maxime officii est, ut quisque maxime opis indigeat, ita ei potissimum opitulari,
Cic. Off. 1, 15, 49:
ut quisque magnitudine animae maxime excellit, ita maxime, etc.,
id. ib. 1, 19, 64; cf.
, in the contrary order: colendum autem esse ita quemque maxime, ut quisque maxime virtutibus his lenioribus erit ornatus,
id. ib. 1, 15, 47:
ut enim quisque maxime ad suum commodum refert, quaecumque agit, ita minime est vir bonus,
id. Leg. 1, 18, 49.—
5.
In gradations, to denote the first and most desirable, first of all, in the first place:
hujus industriam maxime quidem vellem, ut imitarentur ii, quos oportebat: secundo autem loco, ne alterius labori inviderent,
Cic. Phil. 8, 10, 31; cf. id. Caecin. 9, 23:
si per eum reductus insidiose redissem, me scilicet maxime sed proxime illum quoque fefellissem,
id. Rab. Post. 12, 33:
in quo genere sunt maxime oves, deinde caprae,
Varr. R. R. 2, 9, 1:
maxime... dein,
Plin. 9, 16, 23, § 56:
sed vitem maxime populus videtur alere, deinde ulmus, post etiam fraxinus,
Col. 5, 6, 4:
maxime... deinde... postea... minume,
Plin. 37, 12, 75, § 196:
maxime... postea... ultimae,
Col. 6, 3, 6:
post Chium maxime laudatur Creticum, mox Aegyptium,
Plin. 18, 7, 17, § 77.—
B.
Transf.
1.
Like potissimum, to give prominence to an idea, especially, particularly, principally:
quae ratio poetas, maximeque Homerum impulit, ut, etc.,
Cic. N. D. 2, 6, 6; Varr. R. R. 1, 51, 1:
scribe aliquid, et maxime, si Pompeius Italia cedit,
Cic. Att. 7, 12, 4: de Cocceio et Libone quae scribis, approbo:
maxime quod de judicatu meo,
id. ib. 12, 19, 2; id. Fin. 5, 1, 1:
cognoscat etiam rerum gestarum et memoriae veteris ordinem, maxime scilicet nostrae civitatis,
id. Or. 34, 120; id. Att. 13, 1, 2.—So in the connection, cum... tum maxime; tum... tum maxime; ut... tum maxime, but more especially:
scio et perspexi saepe: cum antehac, tum hodie maxime,
Plaut. Mil. 4, 8, 56:
plena exemplorum est nostra res publica, cum saepe, tum maxime bello Punico secundo,
Cic. Off. 3, 11, 47; id. Att. 11, 6, 1; id. Fl. 38, 94:
tum exercitationibus crebris atque magnis, tum scribendo maxime persequatur,
id. de Or. 2, 23, 96:
longius autem procedens, ut in ceteris eloquentiae partibus, tum maxime, etc.,
id. Brut. 93, 320.— With nunc, nuper, tum, cum, just, precisely, exactly: Me. Quid? vostrum patri Filii quot eratis? M. Su. Ut nunc maxime memini, duo, just now, Plaut. Men. 5, 9, 58:
cum iis, quos nuper maxime liberaverat,
Caes. B. C. 3, 9:
ipse tum maxime admoto igne refovebat artus,
Curt. 8, 4, 25; 6, 6, 10; 5, 7, 2; Liv. 27, 4, 2 Drak.:
haec cum maxime loqueretur, sex lictores eum circumsistunt valentissimi,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 54, § 142; cf. id. ib. 2, 2, 76, § 187;
2, 4, 38, § 72: totius autem injustitiae nulla capitalior, quam eorum, qui cum maxime fallunt, id agunt, ut viri boni esse videantur,
id. Off. 1, 13, 41; Liv. 4, 3; 30, 33:
tum cum maxime,
at that precise time, at that moment, Liv. 40, 13, 4; 40, 32, 1; 33, 9, 3; 43, 7, 8; so,
tunc cum maxime,
Curt. 3, 2, 17:
nunc cum maxime,
Cic. Clu. 5, 12; id. Sen. 11, 38; Liv. 29, 17, 7; v. 2. cum.—
2.
In colloquial lang., to denote emphatic assent, certainly, by all means, very well, yes; and with immo, to express emphatic dissent, certainly not, by no means: Ar. Jace, pater, talos, ut porro nos jaciamus. De. Maxime, Plaut. As. 5, 2, 54; id. Curc. 2, 3, 36: Th. Nisi quid magis Es occupatus, operam mihi da. Si. Maxime, id. Most. 4, 3, 17; Ter. And. 4, 5, 23: Ca. Numquid peccatum est, Simo? Si. Immo maxime, Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 80; Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 31:
scilicet res ipsa aspera est, sed vos non timetis eam. Immo vero maxime,
Sall. C. 52, 28 (v. immo); v. Hand, Turs. III. p. 552-607.
2.
Magnus, i, m., a Roman surname, e. g. Cn. Pompeius Magnus; v. Pompeius.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > maxumus

53 a

a, f., n., indécl., [première lettre de l’alphabet] Cic. Div. 1, 23 II abréviations diverses: A. = Aulus [prénom] II = antiquo, je rejette [la proposition sur les bulletins de vote dans les comices] II = absolvo, j’absous [sur les bulletins des juges] ; [d’où l’appellation] littera salutaris Cic. Mil. 15 II A. U. C. = anno urbis conditae ; a. u. c. = ab urbe condita ; a. d. VIII Kal. Nov. = ante diem octavum Kalendas Novembres II [dans les inscr.] A. = Augustus ; A.A. = Augusti duo ; A.A.A. = Augusti tres ; III viri A.A.A.F.F. = triumviri auro, argento, aeri flando, feriundo. ā, ou āh, interj., v. ah. ā, ăb, abs, prép. avec abl. (ἀπό). [ABCR]I [point de départ] [zapst]¶1 [avec des v. de mouvement, tr. ou int., simples ou composés] de: a) a signo Vortumni in Circum Maximum venire Cic. Verr. 1, 154: venir de la statue de Vertumne au Cirque Maxime, v. proficiscor, discedo, arcesso, etc ; b) [avec noms de pers.] de chez, d’auprès: a Caesare redire, Cic. Q. 2, 4, 6: revenir de chez César ; c) [sans verbe] non ille Serranus ab aratro, Cic. Sest. 72: non pas le fameux Serranus venu de sa charrue; quid tu, inquit, huc? a villa enim, credo, Cic. Fin. 3, 8: eh! dit-il, pourquoi toi ici? c’est de ta maison de campagne que tu viens, sans doute; d) [en parl de lettres] de la part de: litterae adlatae ab L. Porcio praetore, Liv. 26, 39, 1: une lettre apportée de la part du préteur L. Porcius, cf. Cic. Att. 7, 15, 5 ; 1, 15, 2; e) [avec adesse, marquant résultat du mouvement] adest a milite, Plaut. Ps. 924: il est là venant de la part du militaire, cf. Mil. 958, 1046; Ter. And. 268; Virg. En. 7, 454; dona adsunt tibi a Phaedria, Ter. Eun. 465: il y a là pour toi des présents de la part de Phaedria. f) [avec les noms de ville] de = des environs de [et non pas de l’intérieur de]: Cic., Caes. [zapst]¶2 [pour marquer la provenance] petere, postulare, quaerere, demander à; impetrare, obtenir de; accipere, recevoir de; habere, tenir de, etc.; emere, acheter à; sumere, haurire, prendre à, puiser à; trahere, tirer de; ducere, faire venir de, etc.; discere, audire, apprendre de, entendre de, etc. [zapst]¶3 [idée d’origine] a) oriri, prendre naissance à; fluere, découler de; nasci, naître de; proficisci, partir de, provenir de; ea sunt omnia non a natura, verum a magistro, Cic. Mur. 61: ces imperfections proviennent toutes non pas de la nature, mais du maître, cf. Har. 39; Fin. 1, 21; Off. 2, 69; sed haec et vetera et a Graecis, Cic. Tusc. 1, 74: mais tout cela c'est ancien et aussi tiré de l’histoire grecque, cf. Fam. 3, 13, 1; 5, 3, 1; 9, 16, 7; Par. 11; Sest. 122; b) [idée de naissance, de descendance] a Deucalione ortus, Tusc. 1, 21: né de Deucalion; a M. Tullio esse, Cic. Br. 62: descendre de M. Tullius II [filiation philosophique, littéraire, etc.] ab his oratores exstiterunt, Cic. Fin. 5, 7: d’eux (Péripatéticiens) sortirent des orateurs; erat ab isto Aristotele, Cic. de Or. 2, 160: il était de l’école de votre Aristote, cf. Or. 113; Mur. 63; c) Turnus Herdonius ab Aricia, Liv. l, 50, 3 [= Aricinus]: Turnus Herdonius d’Aricie, cf. 6, 13, 8; 6, 17, 7; pastor ab Amphryso, Virg. G. 3, 2: le berger Amphrysien [du fleuve Amphrysus] II de la maison de, [en parl. d’un esclave] Plaut. Ps. 616; Mil. 160; Curc. 407; Ter. And. 756; d) [étymologie] mater autem est a gerendis fructibus Ceres tamquam "Geres", Cic. Nat. 2, 67: quant à sa mère, son nom, Cérès, qui est comme Gérès, vient de gerere fructus, porter, produire les fruits, cf. 2, 64; 68; 2, 111; Leg. 2, 55; Varr. R. 1, 46; 2, 4, 17; 3, 12, 6, etc.; L. 5, 20; 5, 66 II maerere a marcere, Varr. L. 6, 50: maerere, s’affliger, vient de marcere, être affaissé; aures ab aveo, Varr. L. 6, 83: le mot aures, oreilles, vient de aveo, désirer [ABCR]II [mots grecs au datif ] L. 5, 103, etc. [zapst]¶4 [avec dare, possidere, promittere]: aliquid ab aliquo, donner, posséder, promettre qqch en le tenant de qqn, provenant de qqn, cf. Plaut. Cap. 449; Ps. 735; Cic. Flac. 44; Verr. 3, 177; a me argentum dedi, Plaut. Trin. 182: j’ai donné l’argent de ma poche, cf. 1144; Men. 545; aliquid a me promisi, Cic. de Or. 1, 111: j’ai promis qqch de mon fonds, cf. Pis. 84; Lucr. 4, 468; Suet. Caes. 84 II Antoni edictum legi a Bruto, Cic. Att. 16, 7, 7: l’édit d’Antoine, je l’ai lu de Brutus, le tenant de Brutus. [ABCR]II [éloignement, séparation, au pr. et fig.] de, loin de: [zapst]¶1 v. les verbes: dimittere, renvoyer de (loin de); excludere, deterrere, chasser de, détourner de, etc.; abhorrere, distare, differre, être éloigné de, différer de, etc.; de turba et a subselliis in otium se conferre, Cic. de Or, 2, 143: se retirer du milieu de la foule et loin des bancs du tribunal pour prendre du repos; ab oppido castra movere, Caes. BC. 3, 80, 7: en levant le camp s’éloigner de la ville; v. solvo, fugo, ejicio, aufero, etc. II [sans aucun verbe] a Chrysippo pedem numquam, Cic. Ac. 2, 143: de Chrysippe il ne s’éloigne jamais d’une semelle, cf. Att. 7, 3, 11; Fam. 7, 25, 2; nunc quidem paululum, inquit, a sole, Cic. Tusc. 5, 92: pour le moment, dit-il, écarte-toi un tant soit peu de mon soleil II [nuances] unde dejecti Galli? a Capitolio? unde, qui cum Graccho fuerunt? ex Capitolio, Cic. Caec. 88: d’où furent rejetés les Gaulois? de l’accès au Capitole: d’où les partisans de Gracchus? du Capitole, cf. 86 [zapst]¶2 avec les verbes defendere, tueri, munire, tegere, prohibere, arcere, etc. défendre, protéger, garantir contre, écarter de II stabula a ventis hiberno opponere soli, Virg. G. 3, 302: placer l’écurie à l’abri des vents [en face de] exposée au soleil d’hiver. [zapst]¶3 [expression] ab re, contrairement à l’intérêt: Plaut. Cap. 338; As. 224; Trin. 239; haud ab re duxi referre, Liv. 8, 11, 1: j’ai cru qu’il n’était pas inopportun de rapporter. [ABCR]III du côté de [zapst]¶1 [sens local] a tergo, a latere, a fronte, de dos, de franc, de front [de face]: a decumana porta, Caes. BG. 6, 37, 1: du côté de la porte décumane; ab ea parte, Caes. BG. 6, 37, 2: de ce côté; ab terra ingens labor succedentibus erat, Liv. 26, 46, 1: du côté de la terre, il y avait d’énormes difficultés pour les assaillants, cf. Sall. J. 17, 4; Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 21; surgens a puppi ventus, Virg. En. 5, 777: le vent s’élevant en poupe II ab Opis, Cic. Att. 6, 1, 17 [s.-ent. aede]: du côté du temple d’Ops (comp. ad Castoris), cf. Liv. 10, 47, 4 II Magnetes ab Sipylo, Cic. Q. 2, 9, 2: les Magnésiens qui habitent près du mont Sipyle, les Magnésiens du mont Sipyle, cf. Tac. An. 2, 47. [zapst]¶2 [point de départ, point d’attache]: stipites ab infimo revincti, Caes. BG. 7, 73, 3: troncs solidement attachés à la partie inférieure, par la base; cornua ab labris argento circumcludere, Caes. BG. 6, 28, 6: entourer d'argent les cornes sur les bords de la partie évasée. [zapst]¶3 [fig.] du côté de, du parti de, en faveur de: abs te stat, Plaut. Rud. 1100: il se tient de ton bord, cf. Cic. Inv. 1, 4; Br. 273; ab reo dicere, Cic. Clu. 93: parler en faveur de l'accusé; vide ne hoc totum sit a me, Cic. de Or. 1, 55: prends garde que cela ne soit tout en ma faveur; a petitore, a possessore agere, Plin. Ep. 6, 2, 2: plaider pour le compte du demandeur, du défendeur. [zapst]¶4 du côté de, sous le rapport de: a materno genere, Cic. Sull. 25: du côté maternel, par sa mère, cf. Ov. M. 2, 368; a re frumentaria laborare, Caes. BC. 3, 9, 5: souffrir de l'approvisionnement en blé; a mitilibus, a pecunia imparati, Cic. Att. 7, 15, 3: pris au dépourvu sous le rapport des troupes, de l'argent; ab exemplis copiose aliquid explicare, Cic. Br. 198: développer qqch avec une grande richesse d'exemples; tempus mutum a litteris, Cic. Att. 8, 14, 1: époque silencieuse sous le rapport des lettres [où l'on n'écrit point]; eorum impunitas fuit a judicio, a sermone, Cic. Post. 27: ils ont agi impunément au regard de la justice, au regard de l'opinion publique; mons vastus ab natura et humano cultu, Sall. J. 48, 3: montagne désolée sous le rapport de la nature du sol et de sa culture par l'homme [stérile et inculte]; ab omni parte, Hor. O. 2, 16, 27: sous tous les rapports. [zapst]¶5 servus a pedibus meis, Cic. Att. 8, 5, 1 [mss]: esclave qui me sert du point de vue de mes pieds [qui fait mes courses] II [puis ab suivi du nom de l'objet confié à la garde, à la surveillance] servus ab argento, a frumento, a veste, a vinis, esclave préposé à l'argenterie, à l'approvisionnement, à la garde-robe, aux vins; a bibliotheca, bibliothécaire; a valetudinario, infirmier; liberti ab epistulis et libellis et rationibus, Tac. An. 15, 35: affranchis chefs du secrétariat, maîtres des requêtes, chefs de la comptabilité; libertus et a memoria ejus, Suet. Aug. 79: son affranchi en même temps que son historiographe; novum officium instituit a voluptatibus, Suet. Tib. 42: il créa une nouvelle charge, l'intendance des plaisirs. [ABCR]IV à partir de: [zapst]¶1 de, à partir de, depuis: a porta Esquilina video... Cic. de Or. 2, 276: de la porte Esquiline je vois..., cf. Caes. BG. 2, 24, 2; ut erat a Gergovia despectus in castra, Caes. BG. 7, 45, 4: étant donné que de Gergovie la vue plongeait dans le camp; a vestibulo curiae, Liv. 1, 48, 1: dès le vestibule de la curie; gemere ab ulmo, Virg. B. 1, 58: gémir au sommet de l'orme; ab equo oppugnare, Prop. 3, 11, 13: assaillir à cheval; contra sensus ab sensibus repugnat, Lucr. 1, 693: il va à l'encontre des sens en s'appuyant sur les sens; ab summo, Caes. BG. 2, 18, 1: à partir du sommet, cf. 7, 73, 6; a medio ad summum, Cic. Tim. 20: du centre aux extrémités; da ab Delphio cantharum circum, Plaut. Most. 347: fais circuler la coupe en commençant par Delphium, cf. As. 891; orae maritimae praesum a Formiis, Cic. Fam. 16, 12, 5: je commande le littoral à partir de Formies; ab eo loco, Fam. 7, 25, 2: à partir de ce passage, de ces mots... [zapst]¶2 [évaluation d'une distance]: septumas esse aedes a porta, Plaut. Ps. 597: [il m'a dit] que c'était la septième maison à partir de la porte, cf. Varr. R. 3, 2, 14; Caes. BG. 2, 7, 3; 4, 22, 4; 5, 32, 1; quod tanta machinatio ab tanto spatio instrueretur, Caes. BG. 2, 20, 3: (ils se moquaient) de la construction à une si grande distance d'une si grande machine; v. longe, prope, procul avec ab; ultima stella a caelo, Cic. Rep. 6, 16: étoile la plus éloignée du firmament II [limites d'un espace] ab... ad, depuis... jusqu'à: Caes. BG. l, 1, 7; Liv. 1, 2, 5, ab imo ad summum totus moduli bipedalis, Hor. S. 2, 3, 308: de la base au sommet haut en tout de deux pieds; a Vestae ad Tabulam Valeriam, Cic. Fam. 14, 2, 2: du temple de Vesta à la Table Valérienne. [zapst]¶3 à partir de = y compris, avec: teneram ab radice ferens cupressum, Virg. G. 1, 20: portant un tendre cyprès avec ses racines; ab radicibus imis, Virg. G. 1, 319: [épis arrachés] avec toutes leurs racines. [ABCR]V [point de départ d'un jugement, d'une opinion, etc.] [zapst]¶1 d'après: aliquid ab aliqua re cognoscere, Caes. BG 1, 22, 2: reconnaître qqch d'après tel détail; a certo sensu et vero judicare de aliquo, Br. d. Fam. 11, 10, 1: juger qqn avec un sentiment sûr et vrai; ab annis spectare, Virg. En. 9, 235: considérer d'après l'âge; populum ab annis digerere, Ov. F. 6, 83: partager l'ensemble des citoyens d'après l'âge, cf. M. 14, 323; Tr. 4, 6, 39; Ep. 2, 86 II ab arte inexperta, Tib. 2, 1, 56: avec un art inexpérimenté, cf. 1, 5, 4; Ov. Tr. 2, 462. [zapst]¶2 [point de départ d'un sentiment], d'après, par suite de, du fait de: v. metuere, timere ab aliquo, craindre du fait de qqn, cf. Cic. Amer. 8; Fam. 5, 6, 2; Sul. 59; Phil. 7, 2; Liv.22, 36, 1; 24, 38, 9; v. sperare ab aliquo Cic. Off. 1, 49; Phil. 12, 26; Pis. 12; Liv. 21, 13, 3; metus omnis a vi atque ira deorum pulsus esset, Cic. Nat. 1, 45: toute crainte de la puissance et de la colère des dieux serait chassée, cf. Liv. 23, 15, 7; 23, 36, 1; 25, 33, 5, etc. [ABCR]VI à partir de [temps], depuis [zapst]¶1 a primo, a principio, dès le début; a principiis, dès les débuts; ab initio, dès le commencement; a puero, a pueritia, dès l'enfance; ab ineunte adulescentia, dès le commencement de la jeunesse II [à la prépos. se joignent souvent inde, jam, jam inde, statim, protinus] II longo spatio temporis a Dyrrachinis prœliis intermisso, Caes. BC. 3, 84, 1: un long intervalle de temps s'étant écoulé depuis les combats de Dyrrachium; ab hoc tempore anno sescentesimo rex erat, Cic. Rep. 1, 58: il était roi il y a six cents ans à compter de notre époque, cf. CM 19; ponite ante oculos unum quemque veterum; voltis a Romulo? voltis post liberam civitatem ab iis ipsis qui liberaverunt? Cic. Par. 11: évoquez la vie de chacun des anciens; voulez-vous remonter à Romulus? voulez-vous remonter, après la fondation de la liberté, à ceux précisément qui l'ont fondée? lex a sexagesimo anno senatorem non citat, Sen. Brev. 20, 4: la loi ne convoque pas le sénateur après soixante ans aux séances. [zapst]¶2 [noms de pers.] jam inde a Pontiano, Cic. Att. 12, 44, 2: depuis Pontianus [l'affaire de Pontianus]; exspecto te, a Peducaeo utique, Cic. Att. 12, 51, 1: je t'attends, en tout cas sans faute après Péducaeus [après l'affaire réglée avec Péducaeus] [zapst]¶3 [évaluation d'un laps de temps]: ab... ad (usque ad), depuis... jusqu'à: Cic. Br. 328; de Or. 2, 52; Caes. BG. 1, 26, 2; Liv. 26, 25, 11, etc. II [évaluation d'une durée, d'un rang chronologique] annus primus ab honorum perfunctione, Cic. de Or. 3, 7: la première année après l'achèvement des magistratures; quartus ab Arcesilao fuit, Cic. Ac. 1, 46: il fut le quatrième en partant d'Arcésilas; secundus a Romulo conditor urbis, Liv. 7, 1, 10: le second fondateur de Rome après Romulus, cf. 1, 17, 10; Hor. S. 2, 3, 193; Virg. B. 5, 49. [zapst]¶4 après, aussitôt après, au sortir de: ab re divina, Plaut. Pœn. 618: après le sacrifice; ab decimae legionis cohortatione profectus, Caes. BG. 2, 25, 1: étant parti, immédiatement après avoir harangué la dixième légion; a tuo digressu, Cic. Att. 1, 5, 4: après ton départ; ab ea [auctione] Cic. Att. 13, 30, 1: aussitôt après [la vente]; ab ipso cibo, Sen. Contr. 1, praef. 17: aussitôt après avoir mangé. [ABCR]VII du fait de, par l'effet de [zapst]¶1 [cause efficiente, surtout avec les inchoatifs]: calescere ab, Cic. Nat. 2, 138: se réchauffer grâce à; mitescere a sole, Cic. frg. F. 1, 17: s'adoucir sous l'action du soleil, cf. Varr. L. 5, 109; 7, 83; Ov. M. 1, 66; F. 5, 323 II qua mare a sole conlucet, Cic. Ac. 2, 105: sur toute l'étendue où la mer brille par l'effet du soleil, cf. Nat. 2, 92; zona torrida semper ab igni, Virg. G. 1, 234: zone toujours brûlante par suite du feu; lassus ab, Hor. S. 2, 2, 10: fatigué du fait de; a vento unda tumet, Ov. F. 2, 776: le vent fait gonfler l'onde, cf. 1, 215. [zapst]¶2 par suite de, par un effet de, en raison de [avec un nom de sentiment]: scio me ab singulari amore ac benevolentia, quaecumque scriba, tibi scribere, Balb. Fam. 9, 7 B, 3: je sais que c'est un attachement, un dévouement sans égal qui me font t'écrire tout ce que je t'écris; ab ira, Liv. 24, 30, 1: par l'effet de la colère; ab odio plebis an ab servili fraude, Liv. 3, 15, 7: par suite de la haine du peuple ou de la perfidie des esclaves; [constr. très fréq. d. Liv. cf. 5, 5, 3; 9, 40, 17; 10, 5, 2; 27, 17, 5; 28, 7, 9; 36, 24, 7; etc.]; a duabus causis punire princeps solet, Sen. Clem. 1, 20, 1: deux raisons d'ordinaire amènent le prince à punir; ab hoc, Varr. R. 2, 3, 7: par suite de cela, en raison de cela, cf. 2, 7, 6 II gravis ab, Ov. H. 10, 138: alourdi par; a somno languida, Ov. H, 10, 9: alanguie par le sommeil; dives ab, Ov. H. 9, 96: enrichi par. [ABCR]VIII [après les verbes passifs] [zapst]¶1 [avec un nom de pers. pour marquer le sujet logique de l'action; constr. courante] [zapst]¶2 [avec des noms de choses considérées comme des pers.]: a civitatibus, Cic. Verr. 3, 176: par les villes; a classe, Verr. 5, 63: par la flotte; a re publica, Cic. Mur. 7: par l'état; a legibus, Cic. Mil. 9: par les lois; a natura, Cic. Phil. 14, 32: par la nature; a studiis adulescentium, Cic. de Or. 3, 207: par le zèle des jeunes gens; a ventis invidiae, Cic. Verr. 3, 98: par les vents de la malveillance; a more majorum, Cic. Fam. 13, 10, 1: par la coutume des ancêtres; a vero, a falso, Cic. Ac. 2, 71: par le vrai, par le faux; defici a viribus, Caes. BC. 3, 64, 3: être abandonné par ses forces. [zapst]¶3 [après l'adj. verbal] Cic. de Or. 2, 86; Pomp. 34; etc. [zapst]¶4 [différent de per]: aliquid a suis vel per suos potius iniquos ad te esse delatum, Cic. ad Br. 1, 1, 1: [il m'a paru soupçonner] que ses ennemis t'ont rapporté ou plutôt t'ont fait rapporter quelque histoire; qui a te defensi et qui per te servati sunt, Cic. Pet. 38: ceux que tu as défendus et ceux que ton entremise a sauvés. [zapst]¶5 [avec des intr. équivalant pour le sens à des passifs] a paucis interire, Cic. Off. 2, 26: périr sous les coups de quelques hommes, cf. Lucr. 6, 709; mori ab, Cic. Fam 15,17, 2; Sen. Contr. 5. 3; perire ab, Nep. Reg. 3, 3; Ov. P, 3, 3, 46; cadere ab, Tac. An. 16, 9; vapulare ab, Sen. Contr. 9, 4, 2; Sen. Apoc. 15; Quint. 9, 2, 12. Q. [zapst]¶1 abs est rare; se trouve devant t, surtout dans l'expr. abs te II aps Inscr. et divers mss. de Plaut. et des lettres de Cic. II af, signalé par Cic. Or. 158, se lit dans des Inscr. [zapst]¶2 d'après les gram. anciens a se place devant les consonnes, ab devant les voyelles et devant h; mais ni les mss. ni les Inscr. ne vérifient cette règle. [zapst]¶3 qqf a, ab se trouvent après le relatif (quo ab): Plaut. As. 119; Rud. 555 II chez les poètes et chez Tacite, rarement ailleurs, entre le subst. et son déterminatif [adjectif, génitif, ou nom propre apposé]: judice ab uno Tac. An. 2, 60, par un seul juge; initio ab Suriae An. 4, 5, depuis les frontières de la Syrie; oppido a Canopo Tac. An 2, 60, à partir de la ville de Canope; uxore ab Octavia abhorrebat, Tac. An. 13, 12: il se détournait de son épouse Octavie II chez Ovide, séparé par ipse du complément: H. 9, 96; 12, 18; Pont. 3, 3, 46, etc. II quand il y a deux compléments liés par une copule, placé devant le second: Plaut. As. 163; Prop. 4, 3, 39; Ov. H. 6, 108, etc. [zapst]¶4 en composition, a devant m, v, (amovere, avertere); abs devant c, p, t (abscondere, abstinere, asportare = absportare); au devant f (auferre, aufugere), sauf afui parf. de absum; ab devant les autres consonnes, sauf aspernari au lieu de abspernari.
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a, f., n., indécl., [première lettre de l’alphabet] Cic. Div. 1, 23 II abréviations diverses: A. = Aulus [prénom] II = antiquo, je rejette [la proposition sur les bulletins de vote dans les comices] II = absolvo, j’absous [sur les bulletins des juges] ; [d’où l’appellation] littera salutaris Cic. Mil. 15 II A. U. C. = anno urbis conditae ; a. u. c. = ab urbe condita ; a. d. VIII Kal. Nov. = ante diem octavum Kalendas Novembres II [dans les inscr.] A. = Augustus ; A.A. = Augusti duo ; A.A.A. = Augusti tres ; III viri A.A.A.F.F. = triumviri auro, argento, aeri flando, feriundo. ā, ou āh, interj., v. ah. ā, ăb, abs, prép. avec abl. (ἀπό). [ABCR]I [point de départ] [zapst]¶1 [avec des v. de mouvement, tr. ou int., simples ou composés] de: a) a signo Vortumni in Circum Maximum venire Cic. Verr. 1, 154: venir de la statue de Vertumne au Cirque Maxime, v. proficiscor, discedo, arcesso, etc ; b) [avec noms de pers.] de chez, d’auprès: a Caesare redire, Cic. Q. 2, 4, 6: revenir de chez César ; c) [sans verbe] non ille Serranus ab aratro, Cic. Sest. 72: non pas le fameux Serranus venu de sa charrue; quid tu, inquit, huc? a villa enim, credo, Cic. Fin. 3, 8: eh! dit-il, pourquoi toi ici? c’est de ta maison de campagne que tu viens, sans doute; d) [en parl de lettres] de la part de: litterae adlatae ab L. Porcio praetore, Liv. 26, 39, 1: une lettre apportée de la part du préteur L. Porcius, cf. Cic. Att. 7, 15, 5 ; 1, 15, 2; e) [avec adesse, marquant résultat du mouvement] adest a milite, Plaut. Ps. 924: il est là venant de la part du militaire, cf. Mil. 958, 1046; Ter. And. 268; Virg. En. 7, 454; dona adsunt tibi a Phaedria, Ter. Eun. 465: il y a là pour toi des présents de la part de Phaedria. f) [avec les noms de ville] de = des environs de [et non pas de l’intérieur de]: Cic., Caes. [zapst]¶2 [pour marquer la provenance] petere, postulare, quaerere, demander à; impetrare, obtenir de; accipere, recevoir de; habere, tenir de, etc.; emere, acheter à; sumere, haurire, prendre à, puiser à; trahere, tirer de; ducere, faire venir de, etc.; discere, audire, apprendre de, entendre de, etc. [zapst]¶3 [idée d’origine] a) oriri, prendre naissance à; fluere, découler de; nasci, naître de; proficisci, partir de, provenir de; ea sunt omnia non a natura, verum a magistro, Cic. Mur. 61: ces imperfections proviennent toutes non pas de la nature, mais du maître, cf. Har. 39; Fin. 1, 21; Off. 2, 69; sed haec et vetera et a Graecis, Cic. Tusc. 1, 74: mais tout cela c'est ancien et aussi tiré de l’histoire grecque, cf. Fam. 3, 13, 1; 5, 3, 1; 9, 16, 7; Par. 11; Sest. 122; b) [idée de naissance, de descendance] a Deucalione ortus, Tusc. 1, 21: né de Deucalion; a M. Tullio esse, Cic. Br. 62: descendre de M. Tullius II [filiation philosophique, littéraire, etc.] ab his oratores exstiterunt, Cic. Fin. 5, 7: d’eux (Péripatéticiens) sortirent des orateurs; erat ab isto Aristotele, Cic. de Or. 2, 160: il était de l’école de votre Aristote, cf. Or. 113; Mur. 63; c) Turnus Herdonius ab Aricia, Liv. l, 50, 3 [= Aricinus]: Turnus Herdonius d’Aricie, cf. 6, 13, 8; 6, 17, 7; pastor ab Amphryso, Virg. G. 3, 2: le berger Amphrysien [du fleuve Amphrysus] II de la maison de, [en parl. d’un esclave] Plaut. Ps. 616; Mil. 160; Curc. 407; Ter. And. 756; d) [étymologie] mater autem est a gerendis fructibus Ceres tamquam "Geres", Cic. Nat. 2, 67: quant à sa mère, son nom, Cérès, qui est comme Gérès, vient de gerere fructus, porter, produire les fruits, cf. 2, 64; 68; 2, 111; Leg. 2, 55; Varr. R. 1, 46; 2, 4, 17; 3, 12, 6, etc.; L. 5, 20; 5, 66 II maerere a marcere, Varr. L. 6, 50: maerere, s’affliger, vient de marcere, être affaissé; aures ab aveo, Varr. L. 6, 83: le mot aures, oreilles, vient de aveo, désirer [ABCR]II [mots grecs au datif ] L. 5, 103, etc. [zapst]¶4 [avec dare, possidere, promittere]: aliquid ab aliquo, donner, posséder, promettre qqch en le tenant de qqn, provenant de qqn, cf. Plaut. Cap. 449; Ps. 735; Cic. Flac. 44; Verr. 3, 177; a me argentum dedi, Plaut. Trin. 182: j’ai donné l’argent de ma poche, cf. 1144; Men. 545; aliquid a me promisi, Cic. de Or. 1, 111: j’ai promis qqch de mon fonds, cf. Pis. 84; Lucr. 4, 468; Suet. Caes. 84 II Antoni edictum legi a Bruto, Cic. Att. 16, 7, 7: l’édit d’Antoine, je l’ai lu de Brutus, le tenant de Brutus. [ABCR]II [éloignement, séparation, au pr. et fig.] de, loin de: [zapst]¶1 v. les verbes: dimittere, renvoyer de (loin de); excludere, deterrere, chasser de, détourner de, etc.; abhorrere, distare, differre, être éloigné de, différer de, etc.; de turba et a subselliis in otium se conferre, Cic. de Or, 2, 143: se retirer du milieu de la foule et loin des bancs du tribunal pour prendre du repos; ab oppido castra movere, Caes. BC. 3, 80, 7: en levant le camp s’éloigner de la ville; v. solvo, fugo, ejicio, aufero, etc. II [sans aucun verbe] a Chrysippo pedem numquam, Cic. Ac. 2, 143: de Chrysippe il ne s’éloigne jamais d’une semelle, cf. Att. 7, 3, 11; Fam. 7, 25, 2; nunc quidem paululum, inquit, a sole, Cic. Tusc. 5, 92: pour le moment, dit-il, écarte-toi un tant soit peu de mon soleil II [nuances] unde dejecti Galli? a Capitolio? unde, qui cum Graccho fuerunt? ex Capitolio, Cic. Caec. 88: d’où furent rejetés les Gaulois? de l’accès au Capitole: d’où les partisans de Gracchus? du Capitole, cf. 86 [zapst]¶2 avec les verbes defendere, tueri, munire, tegere, prohibere, arcere, etc. défendre, protéger, garantir contre, écarter de II stabula a ventis hiberno opponere soli, Virg. G. 3, 302: placer l’écurie à l’abri des vents [en face de] exposée au soleil d’hiver. [zapst]¶3 [expression] ab re, contrairement à l’intérêt: Plaut. Cap. 338; As. 224; Trin. 239; haud ab re duxi referre, Liv. 8, 11, 1: j’ai cru qu’il n’était pas inopportun de rapporter. [ABCR]III du côté de [zapst]¶1 [sens local] a tergo, a latere, a fronte, de dos, de franc, de front [de face]: a decumana porta, Caes. BG. 6, 37, 1: du côté de la porte décumane; ab ea parte, Caes. BG. 6, 37, 2: de ce côté; ab terra ingens labor succedentibus erat, Liv. 26, 46, 1: du côté de la terre, il y avait d’énormes difficultés pour les assaillants, cf. Sall. J. 17, 4; Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 21; surgens a puppi ventus, Virg. En. 5, 777: le vent s’élevant en poupe II ab Opis, Cic. Att. 6, 1, 17 [s.-ent. aede]: du côté du temple d’Ops (comp. ad Castoris), cf. Liv. 10, 47, 4 II Magnetes ab Sipylo, Cic. Q. 2, 9, 2: les Magnésiens qui habitent près du mont Sipyle, les Magnésiens du mont Sipyle, cf. Tac. An. 2, 47. [zapst]¶2 [point de départ, point d’attache]: stipites ab infimo revincti, Caes. BG. 7, 73, 3: troncs solidement attachés à la partie inférieure, par la base; cornua ab labris argento circumcludere, Caes. BG. 6, 28, 6: entourer d'argent les cornes sur les bords de la partie évasée. [zapst]¶3 [fig.] du côté de, du parti de, en faveur de: abs te stat, Plaut. Rud. 1100: il se tient de ton bord, cf. Cic. Inv. 1, 4; Br. 273; ab reo dicere, Cic. Clu. 93: parler en faveur de l'accusé; vide ne hoc totum sit a me, Cic. de Or. 1, 55: prends garde que cela ne soit tout en ma faveur; a petitore, a possessore agere, Plin. Ep. 6, 2, 2: plaider pour le compte du demandeur, du défendeur. [zapst]¶4 du côté de, sous le rapport de: a materno genere, Cic. Sull. 25: du côté maternel, par sa mère, cf. Ov. M. 2, 368; a re frumentaria laborare, Caes. BC. 3, 9, 5: souffrir de l'approvisionnement en blé; a mitilibus, a pecunia imparati, Cic. Att. 7, 15, 3: pris au dépourvu sous le rapport des troupes, de l'argent; ab exemplis copiose aliquid explicare, Cic. Br. 198: développer qqch avec une grande richesse d'exemples; tempus mutum a litteris, Cic. Att. 8, 14, 1: époque silencieuse sous le rapport des lettres [où l'on n'écrit point]; eorum impunitas fuit a judicio, a sermone, Cic. Post. 27: ils ont agi impunément au regard de la justice, au regard de l'opinion publique; mons vastus ab natura et humano cultu, Sall. J. 48, 3: montagne désolée sous le rapport de la nature du sol et de sa culture par l'homme [stérile et inculte]; ab omni parte, Hor. O. 2, 16, 27: sous tous les rapports. [zapst]¶5 servus a pedibus meis, Cic. Att. 8, 5, 1 [mss]: esclave qui me sert du point de vue de mes pieds [qui fait mes courses] II [puis ab suivi du nom de l'objet confié à la garde, à la surveillance] servus ab argento, a frumento, a veste, a vinis, esclave préposé à l'argenterie, à l'approvisionnement, à la garde-robe, aux vins; a bibliotheca, bibliothécaire; a valetudinario, infirmier; liberti ab epistulis et libellis et rationibus, Tac. An. 15, 35: affranchis chefs du secrétariat, maîtres des requêtes, chefs de la comptabilité; libertus et a memoria ejus, Suet. Aug. 79: son affranchi en même temps que son historiographe; novum officium instituit a voluptatibus, Suet. Tib. 42: il créa une nouvelle charge, l'intendance des plaisirs. [ABCR]IV à partir de: [zapst]¶1 de, à partir de, depuis: a porta Esquilina video... Cic. de Or. 2, 276: de la porte Esquiline je vois..., cf. Caes. BG. 2, 24, 2; ut erat a Gergovia despectus in castra, Caes. BG. 7, 45, 4: étant donné que de Gergovie la vue plongeait dans le camp; a vestibulo curiae, Liv. 1, 48, 1: dès le vestibule de la curie; gemere ab ulmo, Virg. B. 1, 58: gémir au sommet de l'orme; ab equo oppugnare, Prop. 3, 11, 13: assaillir à cheval; contra sensus ab sensibus repugnat, Lucr. 1, 693: il va à l'encontre des sens en s'appuyant sur les sens; ab summo, Caes. BG. 2, 18, 1: à partir du sommet, cf. 7, 73, 6; a medio ad summum, Cic. Tim. 20: du centre aux extrémités; da ab Delphio cantharum circum, Plaut. Most. 347: fais circuler la coupe en commençant par Delphium, cf. As. 891; orae maritimae praesum a Formiis, Cic. Fam. 16, 12, 5: je commande le littoral à partir de Formies; ab eo loco, Fam. 7, 25, 2: à partir de ce passage, de ces mots... [zapst]¶2 [évaluation d'une distance]: septumas esse aedes a porta, Plaut. Ps. 597: [il m'a dit] que c'était la septième maison à partir de la porte, cf. Varr. R. 3, 2, 14; Caes. BG. 2, 7, 3; 4, 22, 4; 5, 32, 1; quod tanta machinatio ab tanto spatio instrueretur, Caes. BG. 2, 20, 3: (ils se moquaient) de la construction à une si grande distance d'une si grande machine; v. longe, prope, procul avec ab; ultima stella a caelo, Cic. Rep. 6, 16: étoile la plus éloignée du firmament II [limites d'un espace] ab... ad, depuis... jusqu'à: Caes. BG. l, 1, 7; Liv. 1, 2, 5, ab imo ad summum totus moduli bipedalis, Hor. S. 2, 3, 308: de la base au sommet haut en tout de deux pieds; a Vestae ad Tabulam Valeriam, Cic. Fam. 14, 2, 2: du temple de Vesta à la Table Valérienne. [zapst]¶3 à partir de = y compris, avec: teneram ab radice ferens cupressum, Virg. G. 1, 20: portant un tendre cyprès avec ses racines; ab radicibus imis, Virg. G. 1, 319: [épis arrachés] avec toutes leurs racines. [ABCR]V [point de départ d'un jugement, d'une opinion, etc.] [zapst]¶1 d'après: aliquid ab aliqua re cognoscere, Caes. BG 1, 22, 2: reconnaître qqch d'après tel détail; a certo sensu et vero judicare de aliquo, Br. d. Fam. 11, 10, 1: juger qqn avec un sentiment sûr et vrai; ab annis spectare, Virg. En. 9, 235: considérer d'après l'âge; populum ab annis digerere, Ov. F. 6, 83: partager l'ensemble des citoyens d'après l'âge, cf. M. 14, 323; Tr. 4, 6, 39; Ep. 2, 86 II ab arte inexperta, Tib. 2, 1, 56: avec un art inexpérimenté, cf. 1, 5, 4; Ov. Tr. 2, 462. [zapst]¶2 [point de départ d'un sentiment], d'après, par suite de, du fait de: v. metuere, timere ab aliquo, craindre du fait de qqn, cf. Cic. Amer. 8; Fam. 5, 6, 2; Sul. 59; Phil. 7, 2; Liv.22, 36, 1; 24, 38, 9; v. sperare ab aliquo Cic. Off. 1, 49; Phil. 12, 26; Pis. 12; Liv. 21, 13, 3; metus omnis a vi atque ira deorum pulsus esset, Cic. Nat. 1, 45: toute crainte de la puissance et de la colère des dieux serait chassée, cf. Liv. 23, 15, 7; 23, 36, 1; 25, 33, 5, etc. [ABCR]VI à partir de [temps], depuis [zapst]¶1 a primo, a principio, dès le début; a principiis, dès les débuts; ab initio, dès le commencement; a puero, a pueritia, dès l'enfance; ab ineunte adulescentia, dès le commencement de la jeunesse II [à la prépos. se joignent souvent inde, jam, jam inde, statim, protinus] II longo spatio temporis a Dyrrachinis prœliis intermisso, Caes. BC. 3, 84, 1: un long intervalle de temps s'étant écoulé depuis les combats de Dyrrachium; ab hoc tempore anno sescentesimo rex erat, Cic. Rep. 1, 58: il était roi il y a six cents ans à compter de notre époque, cf. CM 19; ponite ante oculos unum quemque veterum; voltis a Romulo? voltis post liberam civitatem ab iis ipsis qui liberaverunt? Cic. Par. 11: évoquez la vie de chacun des anciens; voulez-vous remonter à Romulus? voulez-vous remonter, après la fondation de la liberté, à ceux précisément qui l'ont fondée? lex a sexagesimo anno senatorem non citat, Sen. Brev. 20, 4: la loi ne convoque pas le sénateur après soixante ans aux séances. [zapst]¶2 [noms de pers.] jam inde a Pontiano, Cic. Att. 12, 44, 2: depuis Pontianus [l'affaire de Pontianus]; exspecto te, a Peducaeo utique, Cic. Att. 12, 51, 1: je t'attends, en tout cas sans faute après Péducaeus [après l'affaire réglée avec Péducaeus] [zapst]¶3 [évaluation d'un laps de temps]: ab... ad (usque ad), depuis... jusqu'à: Cic. Br. 328; de Or. 2, 52; Caes. BG. 1, 26, 2; Liv. 26, 25, 11, etc. II [évaluation d'une durée, d'un rang chronologique] annus primus ab honorum perfunctione, Cic. de Or. 3, 7: la première année après l'achèvement des magistratures; quartus ab Arcesilao fuit, Cic. Ac. 1, 46: il fut le quatrième en partant d'Arcésilas; secundus a Romulo conditor urbis, Liv. 7, 1, 10: le second fondateur de Rome après Romulus, cf. 1, 17, 10; Hor. S. 2, 3, 193; Virg. B. 5, 49. [zapst]¶4 après, aussitôt après, au sortir de: ab re divina, Plaut. Pœn. 618: après le sacrifice; ab decimae legionis cohortatione profectus, Caes. BG. 2, 25, 1: étant parti, immédiatement après avoir harangué la dixième légion; a tuo digressu, Cic. Att. 1, 5, 4: après ton départ; ab ea [auctione] Cic. Att. 13, 30, 1: aussitôt après [la vente]; ab ipso cibo, Sen. Contr. 1, praef. 17: aussitôt après avoir mangé. [ABCR]VII du fait de, par l'effet de [zapst]¶1 [cause efficiente, surtout avec les inchoatifs]: calescere ab, Cic. Nat. 2, 138: se réchauffer grâce à; mitescere a sole, Cic. frg. F. 1, 17: s'adoucir sous l'action du soleil, cf. Varr. L. 5, 109; 7, 83; Ov. M. 1, 66; F. 5, 323 II qua mare a sole conlucet, Cic. Ac. 2, 105: sur toute l'étendue où la mer brille par l'effet du soleil, cf. Nat. 2, 92; zona torrida semper ab igni, Virg. G. 1, 234: zone toujours brûlante par suite du feu; lassus ab, Hor. S. 2, 2, 10: fatigué du fait de; a vento unda tumet, Ov. F. 2, 776: le vent fait gonfler l'onde, cf. 1, 215. [zapst]¶2 par suite de, par un effet de, en raison de [avec un nom de sentiment]: scio me ab singulari amore ac benevolentia, quaecumque scriba, tibi scribere, Balb. Fam. 9, 7 B, 3: je sais que c'est un attachement, un dévouement sans égal qui me font t'écrire tout ce que je t'écris; ab ira, Liv. 24, 30, 1: par l'effet de la colère; ab odio plebis an ab servili fraude, Liv. 3, 15, 7: par suite de la haine du peuple ou de la perfidie des esclaves; [constr. très fréq. d. Liv. cf. 5, 5, 3; 9, 40, 17; 10, 5, 2; 27, 17, 5; 28, 7, 9; 36, 24, 7; etc.]; a duabus causis punire princeps solet, Sen. Clem. 1, 20, 1: deux raisons d'ordinaire amènent le prince à punir; ab hoc, Varr. R. 2, 3, 7: par suite de cela, en raison de cela, cf. 2, 7, 6 II gravis ab, Ov. H. 10, 138: alourdi par; a somno languida, Ov. H, 10, 9: alanguie par le sommeil; dives ab, Ov. H. 9, 96: enrichi par. [ABCR]VIII [après les verbes passifs] [zapst]¶1 [avec un nom de pers. pour marquer le sujet logique de l'action; constr. courante] [zapst]¶2 [avec des noms de choses considérées comme des pers.]: a civitatibus, Cic. Verr. 3, 176: par les villes; a classe, Verr. 5, 63: par la flotte; a re publica, Cic. Mur. 7: par l'état; a legibus, Cic. Mil. 9: par les lois; a natura, Cic. Phil. 14, 32: par la nature; a studiis adulescentium, Cic. de Or. 3, 207: par le zèle des jeunes gens; a ventis invidiae, Cic. Verr. 3, 98: par les vents de la malveillance; a more majorum, Cic. Fam. 13, 10, 1: par la coutume des ancêtres; a vero, a falso, Cic. Ac. 2, 71: par le vrai, par le faux; defici a viribus, Caes. BC. 3, 64, 3: être abandonné par ses forces. [zapst]¶3 [après l'adj. verbal] Cic. de Or. 2, 86; Pomp. 34; etc. [zapst]¶4 [différent de per]: aliquid a suis vel per suos potius iniquos ad te esse delatum, Cic. ad Br. 1, 1, 1: [il m'a paru soupçonner] que ses ennemis t'ont rapporté ou plutôt t'ont fait rapporter quelque histoire; qui a te defensi et qui per te servati sunt, Cic. Pet. 38: ceux que tu as défendus et ceux que ton entremise a sauvés. [zapst]¶5 [avec des intr. équivalant pour le sens à des passifs] a paucis interire, Cic. Off. 2, 26: périr sous les coups de quelques hommes, cf. Lucr. 6, 709; mori ab, Cic. Fam 15,17, 2; Sen. Contr. 5. 3; perire ab, Nep. Reg. 3, 3; Ov. P, 3, 3, 46; cadere ab, Tac. An. 16, 9; vapulare ab, Sen. Contr. 9, 4, 2; Sen. Apoc. 15; Quint. 9, 2, 12. Q. [zapst]¶1 abs est rare; se trouve devant t, surtout dans l'expr. abs te II aps Inscr. et divers mss. de Plaut. et des lettres de Cic. II af, signalé par Cic. Or. 158, se lit dans des Inscr. [zapst]¶2 d'après les gram. anciens a se place devant les consonnes, ab devant les voyelles et devant h; mais ni les mss. ni les Inscr. ne vérifient cette règle. [zapst]¶3 qqf a, ab se trouvent après le relatif (quo ab): Plaut. As. 119; Rud. 555 II chez les poètes et chez Tacite, rarement ailleurs, entre le subst. et son déterminatif [adjectif, génitif, ou nom propre apposé]: judice ab uno Tac. An. 2, 60, par un seul juge; initio ab Suriae An. 4, 5, depuis les frontières de la Syrie; oppido a Canopo Tac. An 2, 60, à partir de la ville de Canope; uxore ab Octavia abhorrebat, Tac. An. 13, 12: il se détournait de son épouse Octavie II chez Ovide, séparé par ipse du complément: H. 9, 96; 12, 18; Pont. 3, 3, 46, etc. II quand il y a deux compléments liés par une copule, placé devant le second: Plaut. As. 163; Prop. 4, 3, 39; Ov. H. 6, 108, etc. [zapst]¶4 en composition, a devant m, v, (amovere, avertere); abs devant c, p, t (abscondere, abstinere, asportare = absportare); au devant f (auferre, aufugere), sauf afui parf. de absum; ab devant les autres consonnes, sauf aspernari au lieu de abspernari.
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    A meis ciuibus ea res mihi fuit honori. id est, Ob eam rem honoribus affectus sum a ciuibus meis. Ci. Pour cela m'ont honoré les habitants de nostre ville.

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    A nobilitate igitur periculum. Subaudi, Est, Impendet, Imminet, aut aliquid simile. Cic. Il y a danger de la part ou costé de la noblesse, ou des nobles.

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    Ab aliquo perire, id est occidi. Plin. Estre tué par aucun.

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    A et Ab, motum a loco significant: vt, A villa redeo, ab agro, vel ab agris. Je retourne de la metairie, Des champs.

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    A et Ab, interdum per QVVM declarantur: seruiuntque tempori significando: vt, A paruo te noui: Hoc est, quum adhuc paruus esses. Quand tu estois encore petit enfant.

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    Ab adolescentia. Cic. Dés le commencement de ma jeunesse, Dés que je commencoye à venir en eage.

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    Ab ineunte adolescentia. Plaut. Cic. Dés le commencement de mon adolescence, ou de mon eage.

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    A cunabulis. Plaut. Dés le berceau, Dés mon enfance.

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    Ab infante duratus. Colu. Endurci dés son enfance, ou d'enfance.

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    Ab infantibus, Id est a pueritia. Cels. Dés l'enfance, D'enfance.

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    A paruis. Terent. De jeunesse, Dés qu'on estoit encore petit.

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    A primordio sui. Tacit. Depuis son commencement.

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    A principiis ita diligentior fiet puer. Quintil. Dés le commencement.

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    A pueritia. Cic. D'enfance, Dés l'enfance.

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    A tenero et a teneris. Colum. D'enfance, Dés qu'on estoit encore tendre, ou petit tendron.

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    A et Ab, finitum rei alicuius aut temporis terminum significant: et fere sequitur ad, vel vsque ad, aut aliquid idem pollens: vt, A principio ad finem. Dés, ou Depuis le commencement jusques à la fin. \ Ab auo. Terent. Dés le temps de l'ayeul.

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    Ab aurora. Plaut. Dés le poinct, ou l'aube du jour.

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    Ab sole orto in multum diei stetere in acie. Liu. Depuis le soleil levé.

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    A calce ad carceres. Id est, A fine ad principium. Cic. De la fin au commencement.

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    A capite vsque ad calcem. Plaut. Depuis le commencement jusques à la fin, ou Depuis le hault jusques au bas.

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    Talos a vertice pulcher ad imos. Horat. Depuis le sommet de la teste, jusques à la plante des pieds, ou jusques aux talons.

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    Ab extremo orsi. Liu. Commenceants au dernier.

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    A fundamento. Plaut. Depuis le fondement.

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    A fundo. Virg. Depuis le fond.

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    Ab infimo. Plaut. Depuis le fin bas.

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    Ab humili ad summum. Cic. Du bas au plus hault.

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    Ab illo tempore. Cic. Dés, ou Depuis ce temps là.

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    Ab hora tertia bibebatur. Cic. Depuis trois heures.

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    Ab imis vnguibus vsque ad verticem summum. Cic. Depuis le fin bout des ongles du pied, jusques au sommet de la teste.

\

    Ab initio. Cic. Dés, ou Depuis le commencement.

\

    A mane. Plaut. Depuis le matin.

\

    A media nocte togatus ero. Mart. Dés, ou Depuis minuict.

\

    Ab omni vetustate acceptum. Cic. De toute ancienneté.

\

    A pridie Idus Sept. Plin. Depuis le jour de devant les Ides.

\

    A prima luce. Caes. Dés le fin matin. Dés qu'il commencea à faire cler.

\

    A primo, pro A principio. Ci. Au premier, ou Du commencement.

\

    A summo. Plaut. Depuis le hault.

\

    A terra ad caelum percontari. Plaut. Depuis un bout jusques à l'autre.

\

    A vestigio ad verticem. Plin. Depuis la plante des pieds jusques au sommet de la teste.

\

    A et Ab separationem significant. Terent. Ita tum discedo ab illo. D'avec luy.

\

    A vel Ab, pro Contra: vt nonnullis placet. Virg. Defendo a frigore myrtos. Du froid, ou Contre le froid.

\

    A vel Ab, pro Praeter, siue contra. Plin. Id quod notasse, non ab re est. Il n'est pas sans propos, ou inutile. Il n'est pas impertinent.

\

    Quae ab re sunt. Choses impertinentes, et non servantes à la matiere. B.

\

    Ab re est remissior. Il est trop negligent et nonchalant de son profict. B.

\

    Ab re, Contra commodum. Plau. Ab re consulit. Contre le profict et utilité de celuy à qui il donne conseil. Il luy conseille son dommage.

\

    Ab re orare. Plau. Prier en vain, ou demander quelque chose oultre raison et sans propos.

\

    Ab re, pro Ob eam rem. Liu. Id, ab re, Interregnum appellatum. Pour ce, Pour ceste cause.

\

    Tantumne ab re tua est otii tibi, vt, etc. Cic. As tu bien tant de loisir avec tes affaires? Tes affaires te donnent ils bien tant de loisir?

\

    Non ab re. Suet. Il n'est point impertinent, ou hors de propos.

\

    Haud ab re duxi. Liu. J'ay estimé n'estre point inutile, ou sans raison.

\

    Non ab re. Non sans cause.

\

    A vel Ab, pro Post, vel statim, seu concinuo post. Pli. Dulcissimum ab hominis camelinum lac. Le laict du chameau est le plus doulx apres celuy de la femme.

\

    A ientaculo. Plaut. Apres desjuner.

\

    Cuius a morte hic tertius et tricesimus est annus. Cic. C'est cy la XXXIII. annee depuis son trespas.

\

    Vt primum a tuo digressu Romam veni. Cic. Apres.

\

    A rege secundus. Le second apres le roy.

\

    Hostium a tergo incursum vidit. Liu. Par derriere, Du costé de derriere.

\

    A Senatu stat. Cic. Il est du parti du Senat, Il tient pour le Senat, Il tient le parti du Senat.

\

    Dicere ab reo. Cic. Parler ou plaider pour le defendeur.

\

    Hoc totum est a me. Cic. Tout cela sert à mon propos. Tout cela fait pour moy.

\

    A nobis facit. Cic. Sert à nostre propos.

\

    A vel Ab, pro énéka, siue pro, Quod pertinet ad, Cic. cum a militibus, tua pecunia. Mal fourniz et pourveuz quant à gens de guerre et argent.

\

    A morbo valui, ab animo aeger fui. Plaut. Quant est de la maladie, j'en suis gueri.

\

    A me pudica est. Plaut. Quant est de moy, je vous responds de moy qu'elle est femme de bien.

\

    Narrat vt virgo a se integra etiam tum siet. Terent. Que de sa part elle est pucelle.

\

    Doleo ab animo, doleo ab oculis. Plaut. Je suis malade en l'esprit, J'ay l'esprit fasché. J'ay mal aux yeuls.

\

    Otiosus ab animo. Plaut. Qui n'ha nulle fantasie en son esprit.

\

    Inops eram ab amicis. Cic. Povre d'amis.

\

    Nunquam a causis et iudiciis districtior fui. Cic. Je ne fus oncq plus empesché de procez.

\

    Ab hac parte reddemus vos securos. Planc. Ciceroni. De ce costé, quant à ce.

\

    Ab se cantat cuia sit. Plaut. D'elle mesme.

\

    Ab transenna lumbricum petit. Plaut. Parmi la fenestre, ou le guichet. Aucuns sont d'advis que le vray sens est tel, Cest oyseau cerche sa viande parmi le filé, ou le laqs, ou le piege, ou le collet qui est tendu pour le prendre.

\

    Salutem a bonis afferre. Cic. Par les bons.

\

    Ab ostio omnia isthaec audiui. Plaut. De l'huis.

\

    Ipsa protinus a via amicumsalutes. Mart. Du chemin, En passant.

\

    A foris. Plin. Par dehors.

\

    A vel Ab, pro Versus, seu quod vulgo, De parte dicimus.

\

    Quod a sole fuit. Plin. Qui avoit esté du costé du soleil, Tourné vers le soleil, Devers le soleil.

\

    Firmos omnino et duces habemus ab occidente, et exercitus. Cic. Vers la partie d'occident.

\

    A dextera. Plin. Du costé dextre. A dextre.

\

    Ictus ab latere. Liuius. Feru ou frappé par le flan.

\

    A contraria aure instillare. Plin. Par l'oreille opposite.

\

    A vento aliquid opponere. Pli. De devers le vent. Du costé du vent.

\

    A vel Ab cum ablatiuo personae, eleganter domicilium significat: vt, A iudice venio. hoc est, a domo iudicis, quod inepte dicitur, De apud. De chez vous, De vostre mesnie.

\

    Ab ea egreditur. Terent. De chez elle.

\

    A nobis domo est. De nostre maison. De chez nous.

\

    A qua a ferrario fabro. Cels. Eaue de chez ung forgeron ou mareschal. Eaue en laquelle le mareschal estainct, ou trempe son fer.

\

    A Pontio, ex Trebulano, ad quintum Idus Maii. Cic. De la maison de Pontius, Escript en la maison de Pontius, etc. C'est la fin et date des lettres.

\

    A vel Ab sequente. quoque praepositione ad, vel ipsa subaudita, plerunque vtimur, vbi ab vna re ad aliam fit transitus. Terent. Ab labore ad libidinem. Du labeur à volupté.

\

    A vel Ab nonnunquam ponitur pro Gallica praepositione Par. A potu quidam prandiumincipiunt. Plin. Par boire.

\

    A fronte et a tergo. Cic. Devant et derriere, ou par devant et par derriere.

\

    A pectore denudari. Cic. Estre descouvert par la poitrine, Avoir la poitrine descouverte.

\

    Ab exteriori parte. Cels. Par dehors.

\

    A verecundia. Liu. De honte qu'on ha.

\

    Ab illo friget. Gel. Ce n'est rien aupris de luy.

\

    A, Propter: vt A metu infamiae. Tacit. Pour crainte du deshonneur, Craignant deshonneur.

\

    A spe quam successus rerum augebat. Liu. A cause de l'esperance, A raison ou pour l'esperance.

\

    Ab ira et odio. Liu. Par courroux et haine.

\

    A sole dolet. Plin. Il est malade du soleil, Le soleil luy a faict mal, ou l'a faict malade.

\

    Ab, pro Erga. Cic. Ab innocentia clementissimus. Envers les innocens.

\

    A vel Ab pro A parte, siue Ex parte. Liu. Ab Sabinis Metius Curtius. Du costé des Sabins, ou de la part des Sabins.

\

    Ab Romanis tubae cornuaque cecinerunt. Liu. Les trompettes et cornets sonnerent du costé des Rommains. Les Rommains sonnerent la trompette.

\

    Ei testamento legat grandem pecuniam a filio. Cic. Il luy laisse un legz d'une grande somme d'argent payable par les mains de son filz.

\

    Ab aliqua re otium vel tempus habere. Terent. N'estre point empesché, et ne laisser point d'avoir bon loisir pour cela.

\

    A vel Ab, proximitatem loci significat. Cic. Venisse eum a Roma. D'aupres de Romme.

\

    Ab Roma aberat. Cic. N'estoit point autour, ou aupres de Romme.

\

    Ab accidentibus, Qui ha charge de mettre en escript et d'advertir des choses qui surviennent. \ Ab aure, Secretaire.

\

    A commentariis, Celuy qui fait le registre des prisonniers, Geolier, ou un Chroniqueur. \ Ab epistolis. Suet. Secretaire.

\

    A latere Regis. Les amis familiers du Roy qui ne bougent de son costé. \ A libellis, Maistre des requestes.

\

    A manu, A manu, seruus, et A manibus. Suet. Un clerc qui sert pour escrire.

\

    A pedibus, vel A pedibus seruus. Cic. Un laquay. quod etiam Ad pedes, Martiali: et Circum pedes, Ciceroni: dicitur.

\

    A secretis, Secretaire.

\

    A studiis. Sue. Celuy de qui nous nous servons au faict de nos estudes.

\

    A rationibus. Suet. Maistre correcteur, auditeur, ou autre officier és comptes. President des comptes. B.

\

    A voluptatibus. Suet. Qui ha charge d'inventer toute sorte de passetemps pour le prince.

\

    Positis castris a milibus passuum quindecim. Caes. Ayant assis son camp à quinze mille pas pres.

\

    Ab illo tibi soluam. Cic. Je te feray delivrer par luy ce que je te doy.

\

    Viaticum vt dem ab trapezita tibi. Plaut. A fin que je te baille argent pour voyager par les mains du banquier, Que je te face delivrer argent par la banque.

\

    Ab Aulo Sextilio dicit se dedisse, et a suis fratribus. Cic. Il dit avoir payé de l'argent de Sextilius, et de l'argent ou de la bourse de ses freres.

\

    A cauda de ouo exeunt. Plin. La queue devant, ou la queue la premiere. \ Pedibus genitus Nero. Pli. Les pieds devant.

\

    Quaecunque animal pariunt, in capita gignunt. Plin. Les testes devant.

\

    A matre pulli. Colum. Prins dessoubs les ailes de la mere.

\

    A lenone manu asserere. Plaut. Retirer une fille, et la delivrer d'entre les mains d'un maquereau.

\

    Instructus a philosophia. Cic. Garni de philosophie. Scavant en philosophie.

\

    Inuictus a labore. Cic. Qui ne se lasse point de labeur et travail. Non vaincu de ou par labeur.

\

    Ab exule prope esse. Taci. Estre presque banni. N'estre gueres moins que banni.

\

    A contumelia, quam a laude propius fuerit, post Vitellium eligi. Tacit. Estre esleu apres Vitelle, approcheroit plus de deshonneur, que de gloire.

\

    Ab amore scribere. Balbus Ciceroni. De grand amour.

\

    Ab aspectu decorus. Colu. Beau à veoir.

\

    Ab aliquo describere. Cic. Transcrire du livre d'un autre.

\

    A se aliquid promere. Cic. Dire quelque chose du sien, de soymesme et de son invention.

\

    A me salutem dic Ciceroni. Cic. Salue Cicero de par moy.

\

    A me illos habe commendatissimos. Cic. Je te les recommande tant que je puis. Ayes les en recommandation pour l'amour de moy.

\

    A sole calor. Cic. Chaleur de soleil.

\

    A puppi religatus. Cic. Attaché, ou lié à la poupe.

\

    A stirpe socius Pop. Rom. Sallust. De race.

\

    A stirpe, pro Stirpitus. Liu. Dés la racine, Totalement, du tout.

\

    Ab auro fulgorem reuereri. Lucret. Avoir en reverence ceulx qui sont vestus de drap d'or, ou qui reluisent de dorures.

\

    A limine disciplinas salutare. Seneca. Estudier quelque peu et legerement.

\

    Ab eo, pro Eius. Terent. Atque ab eo gratiam inibo. Je gaigneray sa bonne grace.

\

    Ab illo iniuria. Terent. Le tort qu'il fait.

\

    A, interdum redundare videtur. Tacit. A metu infamiae. De paour de deshonneur. Liu. Castra a stationibus firma.

\

    A et Ab, eleganter vtimur cum his dictionibus Vsque et Prope. Cic. Vsque a Capitolio. Dés le Capitole.

\

    Tam prope ab domo. Cic. Si pres de la maisons.

Dictionarium latinogallicum > a

54 ab

ăb, ā, abs, prep. with abl. This IndoEuropean particle (Sanscr. apa or ava, Etr. av, Gr. upo, Goth. af, Old Germ. aba, New Germ. ab, Engl. of, off) has in Latin the following forms: ap, af, ab (av), au-, a, a; aps, abs, as-. The existence of the oldest form, ap, is proved by the oldest and best MSS. analogous to the prep. apud, the Sanscr. api, and Gr. epi, and by the weakened form af, which, by the rule of historical grammar and the nature of the Latin letter f, can be derived only from ap, not from ab. The form af, weakened from ap, also very soon became obsolete. There are but five examples of it in inscriptions, at the end of the sixth and in the course of the seventh century B. C., viz.:
AF VOBEIS,
Inscr. Orell. 3114;
AF MVRO,
ib. 6601;
AF CAPVA,
ib. 3308;
AF SOLO,
ib. 589;
AF LYCO,
ib. 3036 ( afuolunt =avolant, Paul. ex Fest. p. 26 Mull., is only a conjecture). In the time of Cicero this form was regarded as archaic, and only here and there used in account-books; v. Cic. Or. 47, 158 (where the correct reading is af, not abs or ab), and cf. Ritschl, Monum. Epigr. p. 7 sq.—The second form of this preposition, changed from ap, was ab, which has become the principal form and the one most generally used through all periods—and indeed the only oue used before all vowels and h; here and there also before some consonants, particularly l, n, r, and s; rarely before c, j, d, t; and almost never before the labials p, b, f, v, or before m, such examples as ab Massiliensibus, Caes. B. C. 1, 35, being of the most rare occurrence.—By changing the b of ab through v into u, the form au originated, which was in use only in the two compounds aufero and aufugio for abfero, ab-fugio; aufuisse for afuisse, in Cod. Medic. of Tac. A. 12, 17, is altogether unusual. Finally, by dropping the b of ab, and lengthening the a, ab was changed into a, which form, together with ab, predominated through all periods of the Latin language, and took its place before all consonants in the later years of Cicero, and after him almoet exclusively.—By dropping the b without lengthening the a, ab occurs in the form a- in the two compounds a-bio and a-perio, q. v.—On the other hand, instead of reducing ap to a and a, a strengthened collateral form, aps, was made by adding to ap the letter s (also used in particles, as in ex, mox, vix). From the first, aps was used only before the letters c, q, t, and was very soon changed into abs (as ap into ab):
abs chorago,
Plaut. Pers. 1, 3, 79 (159 Ritschl):
abs quivis,
Ter. Ad. 2, 3, 1:
abs terra,
Cato, R. R. 51;
and in compounds: aps-cessero,
Plaut. Trin. 3, 1, 24 (625 R.); id. ib. 3, 2, 84 (710 R): abs-condo, abs-que, abs-tineo, etc. The use of abs was confined almost exclusively to the combination abs te during the whole ante-classic period, and with Cicero till about the year 700 A. U. C. (=B. C. 54). After that time Cicero evidently hesitates between abs te and a te, but during the last five or six years of his life a te became predominant in all his writings, even in his letters; consequently abs te appears but rarely in later authors, as in Liv. 10, 19, 8; 26, 15, 12;
and who, perhaps, also used abs conscendentibus,
id. 28, 37, 2; v. Drakenb. ad. h. l. (Weissenb. ab).—Finally abs, in consequence of the following p, lost its b, and became ds- in the three compounds aspello, as-porto, and as-pernor (for asspernor); v. these words.—The late Lat. verb abbrevio may stand for adbrevio, the d of ad being assimilated to the following b.The fundamental signification of ab is departure from some fixed point (opp. to ad. which denotes motion to a point).
I.
In space, and,
II.
Fig., in time and other relations, in which the idea of departure from some point, as from source and origin, is included; Engl. from, away from, out of; down from; since, after; by, at, in, on, etc.
I.
Lit., in space: ab classe ad urbem tendunt, Att. ap. Non. 495, 22 (Trag. Rel. p. 177 Rib.):
Caesar maturat ab urbe proficisci,
Caes. B. G. 1, 7:
fuga ab urbe turpissima,
Cic. Att. 7, 21:
ducite ab urbe domum, ducite Daphnim,
Verg. E. 8, 68. Cicero himself gives the difference between ab and ex thus: si qui mihi praesto fuerit cum armatis hominibus extra meum fundum et me introire prohibuerit, non ex eo, sed ab ( from, away from) eo loco me dejecerit....Unde dejecti Galli? A Capitolio. Unde, qui cum Graccho fucrunt? Ex Capitolio, etc., Cic. Caecin. 30, 87; cf. Diom. p. 408 P., and a similar distinction between ad and in under ad.—Ellipt.: Diogenes Alexandro roganti, ut diceret, si quid opus esset: Nunc quidem paululum, inquit, a sole, a little out of the sun, Cic. Tusc. 5, 32, 92. —Often joined with usque:
illam (mulierem) usque a mari supero Romam proficisci,
all the way from, Cic. Clu. 68, 192; v. usque, I.—And with ad, to denote the space passed over: siderum genus ab ortu ad occasum commeant, from... to, Cic. N. D. 2, 19 init.; cf. ab... in:
venti a laevo latere in dextrum, ut sol, ambiunt,
Plin. 2, 47, 48, § 128.
b.
Sometimes with names of cities and small islands, or with domus (instead of the usual abl.), partie., in militnry and nautieal language, to denote the marching of soldiers, the setting out of a flcet, or the departure of the inhabitants from some place:
oppidum ab Aenea fugiente a Troja conditum,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 33:
quemadmodum (Caesar) a Gergovia discederet,
Caes. B. G. 7, 43 fin.; so id. ib. 7, 80 fin.; Sall. J. 61; 82; 91; Liv. 2, 33, 6 al.; cf.:
ab Arimino M. Antonium cum cohortibus quinque Arretium mittit,
Caes. B. C. 1, 11 fin.; and:
protinus a Corfinio in Siciliam miserat,
id. ib. 1, 25, 2:
profecti a domo,
Liv. 40, 33, 2;
of setting sail: cum exercitus vestri numquam a Brundisio nisi hieme summa transmiserint,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 12, 32; so id. Fam. 15, 3, 2; Caes. B. C. 3, 23; 3, 24 fin.:
classe qua advecti ab domo fuerant,
Liv. 8, 22, 6;
of citizens: interim ab Roma legatos venisse nuntiatum est,
Liv. 21, 9, 3; cf.:
legati ab Orico ad M. Valerium praetorem venerunt,
id. 24, 40, 2.
c.
Sometimes with names of persons or with pronouns: pestem abige a me, Enn. ap. Cic. Ac. 2, 28, 89 (Trag. v. 50 Vahl.):
Quasi ad adulescentem a patre ex Seleucia veniat,
Plaut. Trin. 3, 3, 41; cf.:
libertus a Fuflis cum litteris ad Hermippum venit,
Cic. Fl. 20, 47:
Nigidium a Domitio Capuam venisse,
id. Att. 7, 24:
cum a vobis discessero,
id. Sen. 22:
multa merces tibi defluat ab Jove Neptunoque,
Hor. C. 1, 28, 29 al. So often of a person instead of his house, lodging, etc.: videat forte hic te a patre aliquis exiens, from the father, i. e. from his house, Ter. Heaut. 2, 2, 6:
so a fratre,
id. Phorm. 5, 1, 5:
a Pontio,
Cic. Att. 5, 3 fin.:
ab ea,
Ter. And. 1, 3, 21; and so often: a me, a nobis, a se, etc., from my, our, his house, etc., Plaut. Stich. 5, 1, 7; Ter. Heaut. 3, 2, 50; Cic. Att. 4, 9, 1 al.
B.
Transf., without the idea of motion. To designate separation or distance, with the verbs abesse, distare, etc., and with the particles longe, procul, prope, etc.
1.
Of separation:
ego te afuisse tam diu a nobis dolui,
Cic. Fam. 2, 1, 2:
abesse a domo paulisper maluit,
id. Verr. 2, 4, 18, § 39:
tum Brutus ab Roma aberat,
Sall. C. 40, 5:
absint lacerti ab stabulis,
Verg. G. 4, 14.—
2.
Of distance:
quot milia fundus suus abesset ab urbe,
Cic. Caecin. 10, 28; cf.:
nos in castra properabamus, quae aberant bidui,
id. Att. 5, 16 fin.; and:
hic locus aequo fere spatio ab castris Ariovisti et Caesaris aberat,
Caes. B. G. 1, 43, 1:
terrae ab hujusce terrae, quam nos incolimus, continuatione distantes,
Cic. N. D. 2, 66, 164:
non amplius pedum milibus duobus ab castris castra distabant,
Caes. B. C. 1, 82, 3; cf. id. lb. 1, 3, 103.—With adverbs: annos multos longinque ab domo bellum gerentes, Enn. ap. Non. 402, 3 (Trag. v. 103 Vahl.):
cum domus patris a foro longe abesset,
Cic. Cael. 7, 18 fin.; cf.:
qui fontes a quibusdam praesidiis aberant longius,
Caes. B. C. 3, 49, 5:
quae procul erant a conspectu imperii,
Cic. Agr. 2, 32, 87; cf.:
procul a castris hostes in collibus constiterunt,
Caes. B. G. 5, 17, 1; and:
tu procul a patria Alpinas nives vides,
Verg. E. 10, 46 (procul often also with simple abl.;
v. procul): cum esset in Italia bellum tam prope a Sicilia, tamen in Sicilia non fuit,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 2, § 6; cf.:
tu apud socrum tuam prope a meis aedibus sedebas,
id. Pis. 11, 26; and:
tam prope ab domo detineri,
id. Verr. 2, 2, 3, § 6.—So in Caesar and Livy, with numerals to designate the measure of the distance:
onerariae naves, quae ex eo loco ab milibus passuum octo vento tenebatur,
eight miles distant, Caes. B. G. 4, 22, 4; and without mentioning the terminus a quo: ad castra contenderunt, et ab milibus passunm minus duobus castra posuerunt, less than two miles off or distant, id. ib. 2, 7, 3; so id. ib. 2, 5, 32; 6, 7, 3; id. B. C. 1, 65; Liv. 38, 20, 2 (for which:
duo milia fere et quingentos passus ab hoste posuerunt castra,
id. 37, 38, 5). —
3.
To denote the side or direction from which an object is viewed in its local relations,=a parte, at, on, in: utrum hacin feriam an ab laeva latus? Enn. ap. Plaut. Cist. 3, 10 (Trag. v. 38 Vahl.); cf.:
picus et cornix ab laeva, corvos, parra ab dextera consuadent,
Plaut. As. 2, 1, 12: clamore ab ea parte audito. on this side, Caes. B. G. 3, 26, 4: Gallia Celtica attingit ab Sequanis et Helvetiis flumen Rhenum, on the side of the Sequani, i. e. their country, id. ib. 1, 1, 5:
pleraque Alpium ab Italia sicut breviora ita arrectiora sunt,
on the Italian side, Liv. 21, 35, 11:
non eadem diligentia ab decumuna porta castra munita,
at the main entrance, Caes. B. G. 3, 25 fin.:
erat a septentrionibus collis,
on the north, id. ib. 7, 83, 2; so, ab oriente, a meridie, ab occasu; a fronte, a latere, a tergo, etc. (v. these words).
II.
Fig.
A.
In time.
1.
From a [p. 3] point of time, without reference to the period subsequently elapsed. After:
Exul ab octava Marius bibit,
Juv. 1,40:
mulieres jam ab re divin[adot ] adparebunt domi,
immediately after the sucrifice, Plaut. Poen. 3, 3, 4:
Caesar ab decimae legionis cohortatione ad dextrum cornu profectus,
Caes. B. G. 2, 25, 1:
ab hac contione legati missi sunt,
immediately after, Liv. 24, 22, 6; cf. id. 28, 33, 1; 40, 47, 8; 40, 49, 1 al.:
ab eo magistratu,
after this office, Sall. J. 63, 5:
a summa spe novissima exspectabat,
after the greatest hope, Tac. A. 6, 50 fin. —Strengthened by the adverbs primum, confestim, statim, protinus, or the adj. recens, immediately after, soon after:
ut primum a tuo digressu Romam veni,
Cic. Att. 1, 5, 4; so Suet. Tib. 68:
confestim a proelio expugnatis hostium castris,
Liv. 30, 36, 1:
statim a funere,
Suet. Caes. 85;
and followed by statim: ab itinere statim,
id. ib. 60:
protinus ab adoptione,
Vell. 2, 104, 3:
Homerus qui recens ab illorum actate fuit,
soon after their time, Cic. N. D. 3, 5; so Varr. R. R. 2, 8, 2; Verg. A. 6, 450 al. (v. also primum, confestim, etc.).—
Sometimes with the name of a person or place, instead of an action: ibi mihi tuae litterae binae redditae sunt tertio abs te die,
i. e. after their departure from you, Cic. Att. 5, 3, 1: in Italiam perventum est quinto mense a Carthagine Nov[adot ], i. e. after leaving (=postquam a Carthagine profecti sunt), Liv. 21, 38, 1:
secundo Punico (bello) Scipionis classis XL. die a securi navigavit,
i. e. after its having been built, Plin. 16, 39, 74, § 192. —Hence the poct. expression: ab his, after this (cf. ek toutôn), i. e. after these words, hereupon, Ov. M. 3, 273; 4, 329; 8, 612; 9, 764.
2.
With reference to a subsequent period. From, since, after:
ab hora tertia bibebatur,
from the third hour, Cic. Phil. 2, 41:
infinito ex tempore, non ut antea, ab Sulla et Pompeio consulibus,
since the consulship of, id. Agr. 2, 21, 56:
vixit ab omni aeternitate,
from all eternity, id. Div. 1, 51, 115:
cum quo a condiscipulatu vivebat conjunctissime,
Nep. Att. 5, 3:
in Lycia semper a terrae motu XL. dies serenos esse,
after an earthquake, Plin. 2, 96, 98, § 211 al.:
centesima lux est haec ab interitu P. Clodii,
since the death of, Cic. Mil. 35, 98; cf.:
cujus a morte quintus hic et tricesimus annus est,
id. Sen. 6, 19; and:
ab incenso Capitolio illum esse vigesumiun annum,
since, Sall. C. 47, 2:
diebus triginta, a qua die materia caesa est,
Caes. B. C. 1, 36.—Sometimes joined with usque and inde:
quod augures omnes usque ab Romulo decreverunt,
since the time of, Cic. Vat. 8, 20:
jam inde ab infelici pugna ceciderant animi,
from the very beginning of, Liv. 2, 65 fin. —Hence the adverbial expressions ab initio, a principio, a primo, at, in, or from the beginning, at first; v. initium, principium, primus. Likewise ab integro, anew, afresh; v. integer.—Ab... ad, from (a time)... to:
ab hora octava ad vesperum secreto collocuti sumus,
Cic. Att. 7, 8, 4; cf.:
cum ab hora septima ad vesperum pugnatum sit,
Caes. B. G. 1, 26, 2; and:
a quo tempore ad vos consules anni sunt septingenti octoginta unus,
Vell. 1, 8, 4; and so in Plautus strengthened by usque:
pugnata pugnast usque a mane ad vesperum,
from morning to evening, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 97; id. Most. 3, 1, 3; 3, 2, 80.—Rarely ab... in: Romani ab sole orto in multum diei stetere in acie, from... till late in the day, Liv. 27, 2, 9; so Col. 2, 10, 17; Plin. 2, 31, 31, § 99; 2, 103, 106, § 229; 4, 12, 26, § 89.
b.
Particularly with nouns denoting a time of life:
qui homo cum animo inde ab ineunte aetate depugnat suo,
from an early age, from early youth, Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 24; so Cic. Off. 2, 13, 44 al.:
mihi magna cum co jam inde a pueritia fuit semper famillaritas,
Ter. Heaut. 1, 2, 9; so,
a pueritia,
Cic. Tusc. 2, 11, 27 fin.; id. Fam. 5, 8, 4:
jam inde ab adulescentia,
Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 16:
ab adulescentia,
Cic. Rep. 2, 1:
jam a prima adulescentia,
id. Fam. 1, 9, 23:
ab ineunte adulescentia,
id. ib. 13, 21, 1; cf.
followed by ad: usque ad hanc aetatem ab incunte adulescentia,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 20:
a primis temporibus aetatis,
Cic. Fam. 4, 3, 3:
a teneris unguiculis,
from childhood, id. ib. 1, 6, 2:
usque a toga pura,
id. Att. 7, 8, 5:
jam inde ab incunabulis,
Liv. 4, 36, 5:
a prima lanugine,
Suet. Oth. 12:
viridi ab aevo,
Ov. Tr. 4, 10, 17 al.;
rarely of animals: ab infantia,
Plin. 10, 63, 83, § 182.—Instead of the nom. abstr. very often (like the Greek ek paioôn, etc.) with concrete substantives: a pucro, ab adulescente, a parvis, etc., from childhood, etc.:
qui olim a puero parvulo mihi paedagogus fuerat,
Plaut. Merc. 1, 1, 90; so,
a pausillo puero,
id. Stich. 1, 3, 21:
a puero,
Cic. Ac. 2, 36, 115; id. Fam. 13, 16, 4 (twice) al.:
a pueris,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 24, 57; id. de Or. 1, 1, 2 al.:
ab adulescente,
id. Quint. 3, 12:
ab infante,
Col. 1, 8, 2:
a parva virgine,
Cat. 66, 26 al. —Likewise and in the same sense with adject.: a parvo, from a little child, or childhood, Liv. 1, 39, 6 fin.; cf.:
a parvis,
Ter. And. 3, 3, 7; Cic. Leg. 2, 4, 9:
a parvulo,
Ter. And. 1, 1, 8; id. Ad. 1, 1, 23; cf.:
ab parvulis,
Caes. B. G. 6, 21, 3:
ab tenero,
Col. 5, 6, 20;
and rarely of animals: (vacca) a bima aut trima fructum ferre incipit,
Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 13.
B.
In other relations in which the idea of going forth, proceeding, from something is included.
1.
In gen. to denote departure, separation, deterring, avoiding, intermitting, etc., or distance, difference, etc., of inanimate or abstract things. From: jus atque aecum se a malis spernit procul, Enn. ap. Non. 399, 10 (Trag. v. 224 Vahl.):
suspitionem et culpam ut ab se segregent,
Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 42:
qui discessum animi a corpore putent esse mortem,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 9, 18:
hic ab artificio suo non recessit,
id. ib. 1, 10, 20 al.:
quod si exquiratur usque ab stirpe auctoritas,
Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 180:
condicionem quam ab te peto,
id. ib. 2, 4, 87; cf.:
mercedem gloriae flagitas ab iis, quorum, etc.,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 15, 34:
si quid ab illo acceperis,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 90:
quae (i. e. antiquitas) quo propius aberat ab ortu et divina progenie,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 12, 26:
ab defensione desistere,
Caes. B. C. 2, 12, 4:
ne quod tempus ab opere intermitteretur,
id. B. G. 7, 24, 2:
ut homines adulescentis a dicendi studio deterream,
Cic. de Or. 1, 25, 117, etc.—Of distance (in order, rank, mind, or feeling):
qui quartus ab Arcesila fuit,
the fourth in succession from, Cic. Ac. 1, 12, 46:
tu nunc eris alter ab illo,
next after him, Verg. E. 5, 49; cf.:
Aiax, heros ab Achille secundus,
next in rank to, Hor. S. 2, 3, 193:
quid hoc ab illo differt,
from, Cic. Caecin. 14, 39; cf.:
hominum vita tantum distat a victu et cultu bestiarum,
id. Off. 2, 4, 15; and:
discrepare ab aequitate sapientiam,
id. Rep. 3, 9 fin. (v. the verbs differo, disto, discrepo, dissideo, dissentio, etc.):
quae non aliena esse ducerem a dignitate,
Cic. Fam. 4, 7:
alieno a te animo fuit,
id. Deiot. 9, 24 (v. alienus). —So the expression ab re (qs. aside from the matter, profit; cf. the opposite, in rem), contrary to one's profit, to a loss, disadvantageous (so in the affirmative very rare and only ante-class.):
subdole ab re consulit,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 1, 12; cf. id. Capt. 2, 2, 88; more frequently and class. (but not with Cicero) in the negative, non, haud, ab re, not without advantage or profit, not useless or unprofitable, adcantageous:
haut est ab re aucupis,
Plaut. As. 1, 3, 71:
non ab re esse Quinctii visum est,
Liv. 35, 32, 6; so Plin. 27, 8, 35; 31, 3, 26; Suet. Aug. 94; id. Dom. 11; Gell. 18, 14 fin.; App. Dogm. Plat. 3, p. 31, 22 al. (but in Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 44, ab re means with respect to the money matter).
2.
In partic.
a.
To denote an agent from whom an action proceeds, or by whom a thing is done or takes place. By, and in archaic and solemn style, of. So most frequently with pass. or intrans. verbs with pass. signif., when the active object is or is considered as a living being: Laudari me abs te, a laudato viro, Naev. ap. Cic. Tusc. 4, 31, 67: injuria abs te afficior, Enn. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 24, 38:
a patre deductus ad Scaevolam,
Cic. Lael. 1, 1:
ut tamquam a praesentibus coram haberi sermo videretur,
id. ib. 1, 3:
disputata ab eo,
id. ib. 1, 4 al.:
illa (i. e. numerorum ac vocum vis) maxime a Graecia vetere celebrata,
id. de Or. 3, 51, 197:
ita generati a natura sumus,
id. Off. 1, 29, 103; cf.:
pars mundi damnata a rerum natura,
Plin. 4, 12, 26, § 88:
niagna adhibita cura est a providentia deorum,
Cic. N. D. 2, 51 al. —With intrans. verbs:
quae (i. e. anima) calescit ab eo spiritu,
is warmed by this breath, Cic. N. D. 2, 55, 138; cf. Ov. M. 1, 417: (mare) qua a sole collucet, Cic. Ac. 2, 105:
salvebis a meo Cicerone,
i. e. young Cicero sends his compliments to you, id. Att. 6, 2 fin.:
a quibus (Atheniensibus) erat profectus,
i. e. by whose command, Nep. Milt. 2, 3:
ne vir ab hoste cadat,
Ov. H. 9, 36 al. —A substantive or adjective often takes the place of the verb (so with de, q. v.):
levior est plaga ab amico quam a debitore,
Cic. Fam. 9, 16, 7; cf.:
a bestiis ictus, morsus, impetus,
id. Off. 2, 6, 19:
si calor est a sole,
id. N. D. 2, 52:
ex iis a te verbis (for a te scriptis),
id. Att. 16, 7, 5:
metu poenae a Romanis,
Liv. 32, 23, 9:
bellum ingens a Volscis et Aequis,
id. 3, 22, 2:
ad exsolvendam fldem a consule,
id. 27, 5, 6.—With an adj.:
lassus ab equo indomito,
Hor. S. 2, 2, 10:
Murus ab ingenic notior ille tuo,
Prop. 5, 1, 126:
tempus a nostris triste malis,
time made sad by our misfortunes, Ov. Tr. 4, 3, 36.—Different from per:
vulgo occidebantur: per quos et a quibus?
by whom and upon whose orders? Cic. Rosc. Am. 29, 80 (cf. id. ib. 34, 97: cujus consilio occisus sit, invenio; cujus manu sit percussus, non laboro); so,
ab hoc destitutus per Thrasybulum (i. e. Thrasybulo auctore),
Nep. Alc. 5, 4.—Ambiguity sometimes arises from the fact that the verb in the pass. would require ab if used in the active:
si postulatur a populo,
if the people demand it, Cic. Off. 2, 17, 58, might also mean, if it is required of the people; on the contrary: quod ab eo (Lucullo) laus imperatoria non admodum exspectabatur, not since he did not expect military renown, but since they did not expect military renown from him, Cic. Ac. 2, 1, 2, and so often; cf. Rudd. II. p. 213. (The use of the active dative, or dative of the agent, instead of ab with the pass., is well known, Zumpt, § 419. It is very seldom found in prose writers of the golden age of Roman liter.; with Cic. sometimes joined with the participles auditus, cognitus, constitutus, perspectus, provisus, susceptus; cf. Halm ad Cic. Imp. Pomp. 24, 71, and ad ejusdem, Cat. 1, 7 fin.; but freq. at a later period; e. g. in Pliny, in Books 2-4 of H. N., more than twenty times; and likewise in Tacitus seventeen times. Vid. the passages in Nipperd. ad Tac. A. 2, 49.) Far more unusual is the simple abl. in the designation of persons:
deseror conjuge,
Ov. H. 12, 161; so id. ib. 5, 75; id. M. 1, 747; Verg. A. 1, 274; Hor. C. 2, 4, 9; 1, 6, 2;
and in prose,
Quint. 3, 4, 2; Sen. Contr. 2, 1; Curt. 6, 7, 8; cf. Rudd. II. p. 212; Zumpt ad Quint. V. p. 122 Spalding.—Hence the adverbial phrase a se=uph heautou, sua sponte, of one's own uccord, spontaneously:
ipsum a se oritur et sua sponte nascitur,
Cic. Fin. 2, 24, 78:
(urna) ab se cantat quoja sit,
Plaut. Rud. 2, 5, 21 (al. eapse; cf. id. Men. 1, 2, 66); so Col. 11, 1, 5; Liv. 44, 33, 6.
b.
With names of towns to denote origin, extraction, instead of gentile adjectives. From, of:
pastores a Pergamide,
Varr. R. R. 2, 2, 1:
Turnus ab Aricia,
Liv. 1, 50, 3 (for which Aricinus, id. 1, 51, 1):
obsides dant trecentos principum a Cora atque Pometia liberos,
Liv. 2, 22, 2; and poet.: O longa mundi servator ab Alba, Auguste, thou who art descended from the old Alban race of kings (=oriundus, or ortus regibus Albanis), Prop. 5, 6, 37.
c.
In giving the etymology of a name: eam rem (sc. legem, Gr. nomon) illi Graeco putant nomine a suum cuique tribuendo appellatam, ego nostro a legendo, Cic. Leg. 1, 6, 19: annum intervallum regni fuit: id ab re... interregnum appellatum, Liv. 1, 17, 6:
(sinus maris) ab nomine propinquae urbis Ambracius appellatus,
id. 38, 4, 3; and so Varro in his Ling. Lat., and Pliny, in Books 1-5 of H. N., on almost every page. (Cf. also the arts. ex and de.)
d.
With verbs of beginning and repeating: a summo bibere, in Plaut. to drink in succession from the one at the head of the table:
da, puere, ab summo,
Plaut. As. 5, 2, 41; so,
da ab Delphio cantharum circum, id Most. 1, 4, 33: ab eo nobis causa ordienda est potissimum,
Cic. Leg. 1, 7, 21:
coepere a fame mala,
Liv. 4, 12, 7:
cornicem a cauda de ovo exire,
tail-foremost, Plin. 10, 16, 18:
a capite repetis, quod quaerimus,
Cic. Leg. 1, 6, 18 al.
e.
With verbs of freeing from, defending, or protecting against any thing:
a foliis et stercore purgato,
Cato, R. R. 65 (66), 1:
tantumne ab re tuast oti tibi?
Ter. Heaut. 1, [p. 4] 1, 23; cf.:
Saguntini ut a proeliis quietem habuerant,
Liv. 21, 11, 5:
expiandum forum ab illis nefarii sceleris vestigiis,
Cic. Rab. Perd. 4, 11:
haec provincia non modo a calamitate, sed etiam a metu calamitatis est defendenda,
id. Imp. Pomp. 6, 14 (v. defendo):
ab incendio urbem vigiliis munitam intellegebat,
Sall. C. 32:
ut neque sustinere se a lapsu possent,
Liv. 21, 35, 12:
ut meam domum metueret atque a me ipso caveret,
Cic. Sest. 64, 133.
f.
With verbs of expecting, fearing, hoping, and the like, ab =a parte, as, Cic. Att. 9, 7, 4: cum eadem metuam ab hac parte, since I fear the same from this side; hence, timere, metuere ab aliquo, not, to be afraid of any one, but, to fear something (proceeding from) from him:
el metul a Chryside,
Ter. And. 1, 1, 79; cf.:
ab Hannibale metuens,
Liv. 23, 36; and:
metus a praetore,
id. 23, 15, 7;
v. Weissenb. ad h. l.: a quo quidem genere, judices, ego numquam timui,
Cic. Sull. 20, 59:
postquam nec ab Romanis robis ulla est spes,
you can expect nothing from the Romans, Liv. 21, 13, 4.
g.
With verbs of fastening and holding:
funiculus a puppi religatus,
Cic. Inv. 2, 51, 154:
cum sinistra capillum ejus a vertice teneret,
Q. Cic. Pet. Cons. 3.
h.
Ulcisci se ab aliquo, to take vengeance on one:
a ferro sanguis humanus se ulciscitur,
Plin. 34, 14, 41 fin.
i.
Cognoscere ab aliqua re to knoio or learn by means of something (different from ab aliquo, to learn from some one):
id se a Gallicis armis atque insignibus cognovisse,
Caes. B. G. 1, 22.
j.
Dolere, laborare, valere ab, instead of the simple abl.:
doleo ab animo, doleo ab oculis, doleo ab aegritudine,
Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 62:
a morbo valui, ab animo aeger fui,
id. Ep. 1, 2, 26; cf. id. Aul. 2, 2, 9:
a frigore et aestu ne quid laborent,
Varr. R. R. 2, 2, 17; so,
a frigore laborantibus,
Plin. 32, 10, 46, § 133; cf.:
laborare ab re frumentaria,
Caes. B. G. 7, 10, 1; id. B. C. 3, 9; v. laboro.
k.
Where verbs and adjectives are joined with ab, instead of the simple abl., ab defines more exactly the respect in which that which is expressed by the verb or adj. is to be understood, in relation to, with regard to, in respect to, on the part of:
ab ingenio improbus,
Plaut. Truc. 4, 3, 59:
a me pudica'st,
id. Curc. 1, 1, 51:
orba ab optimatibus contio,
Cic. Fl. 23, 54; ro Ov. H. 6,156: securos vos ab hac parte reddemus, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 24 fin. (v. securus):
locus copiosus a frumento,
Cic. Att. 5, 18, 2; cf.:
sumus imparati cum a militibas tum a pecunia,
id. ib. 7, 15 fin.:
ille Graecus ab omni laude felicior,
id. Brut. 16, 63:
ab una parte haud satis prosperuin,
Liv. 1, 32, 2 al.;
so often in poets ab arte=arte,
artfully, Tib. 1, 5, 4; 1, 9, 66; Ov. Am. 2, 4, 30.
l.
In the statement of the motive instead of ex, propter, or the simple abl. causae, from, out of, on account of, in consequence of: ab singulari amore scribo, Balb. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 7, B fin.:
linguam ab irrisu exserentem,
thrusting out the tongue in derision, Liv. 7, 10, 5:
ab honore,
id. 1, 8; so, ab ira, a spe, ab odio, v. Drak. ad Liv. 24, 30, 1: 26, 1, 3; cf. also Kritz and Fabri ad Sall. J. 31, 3, and Fabri ad Liv. 21, 36, 7.
m.
Especially in the poets instead of the gen.:
ab illo injuria,
Ter. And. 1, 1, 129:
fulgor ab auro,
Lucr. 2, 5:
dulces a fontibus undae,
Verg. G. 2, 243.
n.
In indicating a part of the whole, for the more usual ex, of, out of:
scuto ab novissimis uni militi detracto,
Caes. B. G. 2, 25, 1:
nonnuill ab novissimis,
id. ib.; Cic. Sest. 65, 137; cf. id. ib. 59 fin.: a quibus (captivis) ad Senatum missus (Regulus).
o.
In marking that from which any thing proceeds, and to which it belongs:
qui sunt ab ea disciplina,
Cic. Tusc. 2, 3, 7:
ab eo qui sunt,
id. Fin. 4, 3, 7:
nostri illi a Platone et Aristotele aiunt,
id. Mur. 30, 63 (in imitation of oi upo tinos).
p.
To designate an office or dignity (with or without servus; so not freq. till after the Aug. period;
in Cic. only once): Pollex, servus a pedibus meus,
one of my couriers, Cic. Att. 8, 5, 1; so,
a manu servus,
a secretary, Suet. Caes. 74: Narcissum ab eplstulis ( secretary) et Pallantem a rationibus ( accountant), id. Claud. 28; and so, ab actis, ab admissione, ab aegris, ab apotheca, ab argento, a balneis, a bibliotheca, a codicillis, a jumentis, a potione, etc. (v. these words and Inscr. Orell. vol. 3, Ind. xi. p. 181 sq.).
q.
The use of ab before adverbs is for the most part peculiar to later Latinity:
a peregre,
Vitr. 5, 7 (6), 8:
a foris,
Plin. 17, 24, 37; Vulg. Gen, 7, 16; ib. Matt. 23, 27:
ab intus,
ib. ib. 7, 15:
ab invicem,
App. Herb. 112; Vulg. Matt. 25, 32; Cypr. Ep. 63, 9: Hier. Ep. 18:
a longe,
Hyg. Fab. 257; Vulg. Gen. 22, 4; ib. Matt. 26, 58:
a modo,
ib. ib. 23, 39;
Hier. Vit. Hilar.: a nune,
Vulg. Luc. 1, 48:
a sursum,
ib. Marc. 15, 38.
► a.
Ab is not repeated like most other prepositions (v. ad, ex, in, etc.) with pron. interrog. or relat. after subst. and pron. demonstr. with ab:
Arsinoen, Stratum, Naupactum...fateris ab hostibus esse captas. Quibus autem hostibus? Nempe iis, quos, etc.,
Cic. Pis. 37, 91:
a rebus gerendis senectus abstrahit. Quibus? An iis, quae in juventute geruntur et viribus?
id. Sen. 6:
a Jove incipiendum putat. Quo Jove?
id. Rep. 1, 36, 56:
res publica, quascumque vires habebit, ab iis ipsis, quibus tenetur, de te propediem impetrabit,
id. Fam. 4, 13, 5.—
b.
Ab in Plantus is once put after the word which it governs: quo ab, As. 1, 1, 106.—
c.
It is in various ways separated from the word which it governs:
a vitae periculo,
Cic. Brut. 91, 313:
a nullius umquam me tempore aut commodo,
id. Arch. 6, 12:
a minus bono,
Sall. C. 2, 6:
a satis miti principio,
Liv. 1, 6, 4:
damnis dives ab ipsa suis,
Ov. H. 9, 96; so id. ib. 12, 18; 13, 116.—
d.
The poets join a and que, making aque; but in good prose que is annexed to the following abl. (a meque, abs teque, etc.):
aque Chao,
Verg. G. 4, 347:
aque mero,
Ov. M. 3, 631:
aque viro,
id. H. 6, 156:
aque suis,
id. Tr. 5, 2, 74 al. But:
a meque,
Cic. Fam. 2, 16, 1:
abs teque,
id. Att. 3, 15, 4:
a teque,
id. ib. 8, 11, §
7: a primaque adulescentia,
id. Brut. 91, 315 al. —
e.
A Greek noun joined with ab stands in the dat.: a parte negotiati, hoc est pragmatikê, removisse, Quint. 3, 7, 1.
III.
In composition ab,
1.
Retains its original signif.: abducere, to take or carry away from some place: abstrahere, to draw auay; also, downward: abicere, to throw down; and denoting a departure from the idea of the simple word, it has an effect apparently privative: absimilis, departing from the similar, unlike: abnormis, departing from the rule, unusual (different from dissimilis, enormis); and so also in amens=a mente remotus, alienus ( out of one's senses, without self-control, insane): absurdus, missounding, then incongruous, irrational: abutor (in one of its senses), to misuse: aborior, abortus, to miscarry: abludo; for the privative force the Latin regularly employs in-, v. 2. in.—
2.
It more rarely designates completeness, as in absorbere, abutor ( to use up). (The designation of the fourth generation in the ascending or descending line by ab belongs here only in appearance; as abavus for quartus pater, great-great-grandfather, although the Greeks introduced upopappos; for the immutability of the syllable ab in abpatrnus and abmatertera, as well as the signif. Of the word abavus, grandfather's grandfather, imitated in abnepos, grandchild's grandchild, seems to point to a derivation from avi avus, as Festus, p. 13 Mull., explains atavus, by atta avi, or, rather, attae avus.)

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > ab

55 aequus

aequus (aecus), a, um, Adj. m. Compar. u. Superl., gleich, I) in sich selbst gleich, 1) eig.: a) von der Oberfläche des Bodens, eben, gerade = wagerecht, horizontal (Ggstz. superior od. inferior, acclivis od. declivis, pronus), locus, qui est ad libellam aequus, Varr.: aequus et planus locus, Cic.: in aequum locum se demittere, in die Ebene, Caes.: paulo aequiore loco consistere, Caes.: ex aequo loco loqui, im Senate (Ggstz. ex inferiore loco, zu den Richtern, die höher saßen, u. ex superiore loco, von der Tribüne zum Volke), Cic.; vgl. ex superiore et ex aequo loco sermones habitos, in öffentl. u. Privat-Angelegenheiten, Cic. – neutr. subst., aequum, ī, n., das ebene Terrain, die ebene Fläche ( das Niveau), das flache, freie Feld, facile in aequo campi victoriam fore, Liv.: in aequum descendere, degredi, Liv. a.u.: u. in aequum descendere bildl. = sich zu jmd. ganz herablassen, Sen.: ut primum agmen aequo, ceteri per acclive iugum insurgerent, Tac. – auch vom Plateau einer Anhöhe, in aequum eniti, Tac. ann. 2, 80 extr. – b) von andern Gegenständen, gleich, gerade, wagerecht, aequa frons (milit. t.t.), eine gleiche, gerade Linie od. Front, Liv.: statera posita examine aequo (mit gerade stehendem Zünglein = im Gleichgewicht), Suet.

2) übtr.: a) wie unser nicht uneben = günstig, ge legen (Ggstz. iniquus), vom Orte, locum se aequum ad dimicandum dedisse, Caes.: etsi non aequum locum videbat suis, Nep.: ut locus procul muro satis aequus agendis vineis fuit, Liv.: ut quibus locus aequior esset, durch ihre Stellung mehr begünstigt, Liv. – von der Zeit = günstig gelegen, et tempore et loco aequo instructos, Liv.: neque tempore neque loco aequo, Suet.: iudicium aequiore tempore fieri oportere, Cic. fr. – b) vom Gemüt = sich gleichbleibend, gleichmütig, ruhig, gelassen, gleichgültig, zufrieden, geduldig, concedo, et quod animus aequus est et quia necesse est, Cic.: quidquid tribunus plebis loquitur, assuestis aequi (mit Gleichgültigkeit) audire, Liv.: u. so laudationem mortui aequis auribus audivit, Liv.: quod adest memento componere aequus, Hor.: aequam memento rebus in arduis servare mentem, Hor.: praesentibus aequus, zufrieden mit, Hor. – Bes. häufig im adverbial. Abl., aequo (aequiore, aequissimo) animo, mit Gleichmut, mit Gelassenheit, mit Befriedigung, mit Ruhe, getrosten Mutes, ruhig u. getrost, unbesorgt wegen des Ausgangs (Ggstz. animo iniquo), pati (absol.), Plaut.: pati od. ferre m. Akk. od. m. Akk. u. Infin., Cic.: aequiore quidam animo ferunt praecīdi spem suam quam trahi, Sen.: aequissimo animo ferre m. Akk. u. Infin., Suet.: aequo animo servitutem tolerare, Sall.: alqd accipere (aufnehmen), Sall.: animo aequo alqm spectare (zuse hen), Cic.: utrum aequo an iniquo animo mortem subieris, iam nihil refert, Lact. 3, 27, 8: animo aequissimo mori (Ggstz. animo iniquissimo), Cic. de sen. 83: im Plur., animis libentibus aut aequis alqd remittere, Cic.: eam sententiam haud aequioribus animis quam ipsorum quondam postulatum audire, Liv.

II) der Beschaffenheit, Eigenschaft nach einem andern gleich, 1) eig.: a) gleich = gleich breit, gleich lang, gleich hoch, gleich weit, gleich schwer, α) von Gleichartigem: aequā latitudine, atque ille congesticius agger fuerat, Caes.: aequo fere spatio abesse, Caes.: aequo discrimine, Verg.: sequitur patrem non passibus aequis, begleitet den Vater mit kürzeren Schritten, Verg.: aequis pedibus procedere (vom Distichon), wie aequis numeris (vom Hexameter), Ov.: aequā lance, Cod. Theod.: aequā utrimque librā (im Gleichgewicht) alqd deportare alio, Plin. – β) von Ungleichartigem: urbs erat in summo nubibus aequa iugo, Ov.: aequum arcibus aggerem attollunt, Ov. – b) gleich = gleich verteilt, gleich zugewogen, gleich groß ( wie ἴσος), non tertia portio, verum aequa, Plin.: u. so oft aequis portionibus od. pensionibus (dare, solvere u. dgl.), in gleichen Raten, Liv.: m. Ang. des Vergleichungspunktes durch atque (ac), quam, cum m. Abl., aequo mendicus atque ille opulentissimus censetur censu ad Acheruntem mortuus, Plaut.: cum aequam partem tibi sumpseris, atque populo Romano miseris, Cic.: postulante patre eius, ut aequum ei ius in omnibus provinciis exercitibusque esset, quam erat ipsi, Vell.: utinam esset mihi pars aequa amoris tecum, Ter.: aequo et pari cum civibus iure vivere, Cic.: ut ita sortem aequam sibi cum collega dent, Liv. (u. so m. folg. cum u. Abl. oft bei Liv., s. Fabri Liv. 21, 3, 6).

2) übtr.: a) der innern Beschaffenheit nach gleich, α) übh., gleich = gleichgestellt, leges, Lucr.: in aequa laude ponere, für gleich lobenswert halten, Cic.: aequa condicio, aequum certamen proponitur, Liv.: aequi istuc faciam, das wird mir gleich gelten od. sein (gleichgültig sein), Plaut. mil. 784. – u. so die milit. t.t.: aequa pugna, gleicher, unentschiedener, schwankender, Liv.: aequo proelio od. aequo Marte (εξ ἴσου) discedere, das Gleichgewicht behaupten (Ggstz. superiorem esse od. discedere), Caes. u. Iustin.: so auch aequā manu discedere (Ggstz. superiorem esse), Sall.: u. aequā manu abscessum est, Tac.: aequis manibus dirimere pugnam, Liv.: aequo Marte (mit gleicher Aussicht auf den Sieg) pugnare, Liv., contendere, Flor. u. Curt. – β) der Zahl, den Kräften, dem Range nach gleich, gleichstehend (Ggstz. s uperior od. inferior), numerone an viribus aequi non sumus? Verg. – in superiores contumax, in aequos (gegen seinesgleichen) et pares fastidiosus, in inferiores crudelis, Cornif. rhet.: quia regibus aequa, nedum infima insolita sunt, weil Königen schon Gleichsetzung, geschweige denn die tiefste Erniedrigung etwas Ungewohntes ist, Tac. – dah. γ) die adverb. Ausdrücke: ex aequo, von gleicher Stufe aus, gleichmäßig, in gleichem Maße, auf gleiche Weise, sol ex aequo metā distabat utrāque, Ov.: ex aequo convenit, Tibull.: mundum ex aequo temperantia, was die Welt im Gleichgewicht erhält, Sen. – u. = εξ ἴσου, unter gleichen (politischen) Verhältnissen od. Bedingungen, mit gleichen Rechten (s. Weißenb. Liv. 37, 36, 5), ex aequo venire in amicitiam, Liv.: quae disceptatio ex aequo relicta est? Liv.: pax ex aequo utilis, Tac. – in aequo, auf gleicher Stufe, in gleicher Geltung, -Lage, in gleichen Verhältnissen, -Rechten, gew. mit esse, stare, zB. ne in aequo hostes vestri nostrique apud vos sint (gleiche Rechte bei euch haben) ac nos socii; immo ne meliore iure sint, Liv.: quod in aequo est, gleichviel gilt, Sen.: infra deos sumus, non in aequo illis stetimus, stehen nicht mit ihnen auf gleicher Stufe, Sen.: so auch industriosque aut ignavos pax in aequo tenet, auf gleicher Stufe, in gleichen Verhältnissen, Tac.: u. in aequo eum duarum potentissimarum gentium summis imperatoribus posuerunt, sie stellten ihn auf gleiche Stufe mit usw., Liv. – in aequo positum est mit folg. Infin., Val. Max. 6, 9 ext. 9.

b) gleich gegen den einen wie gegen den andern verfahrend, bes. in Rechtssachen, billig (Ggstz. iniquus, iniustus), α) v. Pers., gerecht und billig, unparteiisch, arbiter, Plaut.: praetor, iudex, testis, Cic.: se alci aequum praebere, Cic.: ne plus iniquum possit quam aequum oratio, facite aequi sitis, Ter.: ab aequis atque etiam a propensis in hanc partem colamur, Cic. – β) v. Lebl., billig, recht und billig, iudicia, Cic.: condicio (Ggstz. iniqua versura), Nep.: aequa et honesta postulatio, Cic.: aequa lex et omnibus utilis, Cic.: quam orationem... aequam arbitror videri posse, Liv.: quod aequum sit in Quintium, id iniquum esse in Naevium, Cic. – bes. oft aequum est = es ist billig, recht und billig (s. Wagner Plaut. aul. 122 u. Ter. heaut. 949), ut est aequum, Plaut.: deinde postulo, sive aequum est, te oro, Ter.: ut aequum censeo, Plaut.: at quibus verbis? modo »aequum sibi videri«, modo »non iniquum«, Cic.: m. Dat., sicut aequum est homini, Cic.: m. Abl. pers. ( wie dignus), plus vidissem, quam me atque illo aequum foret, für mich u. ihn sich ziemen würde, Plaut.: oft m. Infin. Pass., nunc non aequum est abduci, Plaut.: auch m. Infin. Act., ut facere aequum, Plaut.: meist m. Acc. c. Infin., aequum est vos ignoscere, Ter.: tibi me est aequum parēre, Verg.: aequum esse eum et officio meo consulere et tempori, Cic.: aequius vos erat candidatas venire, es war besser, Plaut.: seltener m. ut u. Konj., aequum tibi videatur, ut ego, alienum quod est, meum esse dicam, Plaut. – neutr. subst., aequum, ī, n., das Billige, die Billigkeit, quid in iure aut in aequo verum aut esset aut non esset, Cic.: utilitas iusti mater et aequi, Hor.: aequa postulare, Liv.: per aequa per iniqua, durch jedes billige oder unbillige Mittel, auf geradem oder ungeradem Wege, um jeden Preis, es koste, was es wolle, Liv. 2, 32, 7. – Abl. aequo bei Komparativen (= quam aequum est), als recht od. billig ist, allzu, nur zu sehr, miser amplius aequo, Plaut.: gravius aequo, Sall.: largius aequo Hor.: flagrantior aequo, Iuven. – oft verb. aequum et bonum u. aequum bonumque od. bl. aequum bonum, was recht und gut, recht und billig ist, das Rechte und Billige, Recht und Billigkeit, aequum bonum colere, Plaut.: fit reus magis ex aequo bonoque, quam ex iure gentium Bomilcar, Sall.: contra scriptum de aequo et bono dixit, Cic.: neque quicquam queo aequi bonique ab eo impetrare, auf dem Wege der Billigkeit, -der Güte, Plaut.: si tu aliquam partem aequi bonique dixeris, wenn du nur ein halbwegs billiges Wort sprichst, Ter.: Superl., hoc optumum atque aequissumum est, Plaut. – dah. als t.t. die Rechtsformel: quod od. quantum aequius melius od. melius aequius, wie es billiger und besser ist, Cic.: u. so utrumque fieri sit melius atque aequius, Quint. – u. endlich die Redensart aequi bonique od. bl. aequi boni facere alqd, etw. nach Rücksichten der Billigkeit beurteilen = etw. gut aufnehmen, sich gern gefallen lassen, sich in etw. fügen, mit etw. fürlieb nehmen, an etw. nicht mäkeln (s. Wagner Ter. heaut. 787), Ter., Liv. u. Cic.

c) gegen andere gelassen, nachsichtig, ihnen gewogen, geneigt, wohlwollend, günstig (Ggstz. iniquus, inimicus), non aequa Pallas, ungünstige, grollende, Verg.: nobilitate inimicā, non aequo senatu, Cic.: aequo Iove, mit Jupiters Wohlwollen od. Beifall, Hor.: adeste aequo animo, schenkt ein geneigtes Gehör, Ter. (s. Spengel Ter. Andr. prol. 24): minus aequis animis auditus est Scipio, fand weniger geneigtes Gehör, Liv.: aequos adhiberent animos ad pacem accipiendam, möchten sich zur A. des Fr. geneigt zeigen, Liv.: meis aequissimis utuntur auribus, ich höre ihnen mit dem größten Vergnügen zu, Cic.: ne in senatu quidem satis aequis auribus audiebatur, fand er ein recht geneigtes Gehör, Liv.: oculis aequis aspicere, Verg., videre, Curt. – m. Dat., alumnis, Hor.: aequa Venus Teucris, Pallas iniqua fuit, Ov.: pater est aequus sorti utrique, meinem V. ist beides genehm, Verg.: ipsis est aër avibus non aequus, nicht heilsam, Verg. – m. in u. Abl. (der nähern Bestimmung), aequus in hoste fuit, Prop. 3, 19, 28. – Plur. subst., aequi, die Freunde (Ggstz. iniqui), gew. verb. aequi et iniqui, od. aequi iniquique, Freund und Feind, Ter., Cic. u. Liv. (s. Wagner Ter. heaut. prol. 27. Fabri Liv. 22, 26, 5): auch m. Genet., absentium aequi, Tac. ann. 6, 36. – / Arch. Nom. Sing. Mask. aequos, Plaut. aul. 187. Ter. adelph. 837. Verg. georg. 2, 225: Akk. Sing. Mask. aequom, Enn. tr. 138 (228). Plaut. capt. 995 u.ö. Ter. eun. 478 u. 870; heaut. 91 u.ö. Cato r.r. 146, 3. – arch. Form aiquos, Akk. aiquon, Corp. inscr. Latin. 1, 196, 27. – arch. Form aecus Enn. tr. 135 (226) u. 161 (147). Pacuv. tr. 32. Verg. Aen. 6, 129; 10, 450; 12, 20 R.; Liv. 42, 47, 3 W. Sen. contr. 9, 3 (26), 1. M. Caes. in Fronto ep. ad M. Caes. 4, 12. p. 61, 10 N. Gell. 4, 9, 12: aiquom = aequum, Corp. inscr. Lat. 1, 196, 11.

lateinisch-deutsches > aequus

56 do [2]

2. do, dedī, datum, dare (altind. dádā-ti, er gibt, griech. δίδωμι), I) geben, reichen (Ggstz. accipere, annehmen, empfangen, reddere, zurück-, abgeben, remittere, zurück-, dagegenschicken, adimere, nehmen, ferre, davontragen, auferre, mit sich nehmen, entziehen, detrahere, entziehen, eripere, entreißen, poscere, fordern), I) alqd: A) eig.: I) die Hand od. mit der Hand geben, reichen, hergeben, herreichen, hingeben, hinreichen, darreichen, überreichen, schenken, dare (alci) manum, Ov. u. Quint.: dare dextram, Nep. (vgl. dextra unter dexter): alci primum digitum, Catull.: alci assem, Phaedr.: (alci) librum, Hor. u. Nep.: poculum veneni, Cic.: frumentum plebi, Vell.: alci triremem, Nep.: populo Romano hunc vestitum atque arma, Cic.: (alci) viaticum, Plaut. u. Plin. ep.: alci vinum, Verg. – m. Ang. von wo? u. dgl., ut quodcumque opus esset sciret unde daret et meminisset atque annotaret quid et quando et cui dedisset, Col. 12, 3, 4: pretium dedit. Cui dedit? per quem dedit? unde aut quantum dedit? Cic. Rosc. Am. 74: de pane tuo da esurienti et de vestimentis tuis nudis, Ambros. de Tob. 4. – m. Ang. auf welchem Wege? alci per fenestras gladium, Nep. Dion. 9, 6. – m. Ang. wofür? praemium pro pietate, Cic.: cum praemia mihi tanta pro hac industria sint data, Cic. – m. Ang. als was? durch Acc., dextram fidei suae pignus, Curt. 8, 12 (43), 10: pabula utilitatis eorum praemia (als B.) causā, Lucr. 5, 867: merces mihi gloria detur, Ov. fast. 3, 389: od. durch Partiz. Fut. Pass., alci librum ad alqm perferendum dare, Cic. ad Att. 2, 1, 1: saepe ferenda dedit blandis sua verba tabellis, gab zu bestellen, Ov. met. 14, 707. – m. Ang. zu welchem Zweck? fruges in (zur) segetem, Acc. tr. 672. Hyg. fab. 2. – quid do m. folg. ne u. Konj., was gäbe ich darum, daß usw., Sen. contr. 9 (3), 26. § 11 u. 12. Insbes.: a) Geschenke od. Mitgift od. als (zum) Geschenk od. zur Mitgift geben, bescheren, überreichen, schenken, dare donum, Ter. u. Cic.: alci dona, Plaut.: dona amicis ceterisque pro cuiusque merito, Curt.: (alci) munus, Verg. u.a.: dotes, Nep.: paulum des crebro, Nov. com. fr.: ut haberet quod statim daret, Nep.: si suum munus qui dedissent (die Geber) adimere vellent, Liv. – m. Ang. als was? alci canem munus (als G.), Ov.: alqd (alci) dotem (als M.), Komik. – mit Ang. zu welchem Zweck? maestas munus in (zu) exsequias, Tibull. 2, 4, 44. – m. Ang. wozu? durch Dat., alci alqd dono, Ter. u. Nep.: muneri alqd, Nep. u. Quint.: doti alci alqd, Nep. – quod praesens tamquam in manus datur iucundius est, Geschenke, die uns gleichsam bar in die Hand gedrückt werden, Cic. de off. 2, 60. – absol., illos qui dant, eos derides, Plaut.: prior ad dandum qui est, Ter. – Partiz. subst., α) dāns, antis, m., der Geber, Hor. ep. 2, 1, 246. – β) datum, ī, n., die Gabe, das Geschenk, Sing. bei Augustin. solil. 18, 5 (Liv. 22, 10, 3 Glossem); Plur. bei Plaut. asin. 166 u. Pseud. 306. Ov. met. 6, 463. Prop. 3, 15, 6.

b) den Göttern, Manen od. übh. jmdm. ein Weihgeschenk, Opfer u. dgl. geben, bringen, darbringen, weihen, opfern, α) den Göttern, munera, Ov.: Apollini donum, Nep.: Apollini signa inaurata, Liv.: alci templum, Ov.: alci victimam, porcam, Ov.: alci piaculum porco, Macr.: sacra piaculaque apud lucum Dianae per pontifices, Tac.: more Romano suovetaurilia, Tac.: exta deo, Ov.: exta perperam, Liv.: tus, Ov.: tura, Tibull.: divis tura benignis, Hor.: tura focis vinumque, Ov.: Oceano libamenta, Iustin. – β) den Manen u. Toten, inferias manibus, Ov. u. Suet. (vgl. inferiae): germanae iusta ante suae, Ov. – γ) jmdm.: alci lacrimam od. lacrimas, Ov.: o quantum patriae sanguinis ille dedit! Ov.

c) Briefe usw. jmdm. geben, u. zwar; α) jmdm. (zur Bestellung) geben, einhändigen, mitgeben, litteras od. epistulam alci, Cic.: alci litteras ad alqm, Cic.: datis iam epistulis diem commutare, Cic.: erit cotidie cui des, du wirst ja täglich Gelegenheit finden, Cic. – β) jmdm. geben = an jmd. abgeben, jmdm. einhändigen, alci litteras, Cic.: epistulam accubanti in convivio, Nep. – γ) (v. Briefschreiber) an jmd. geben, senden, absenden, tres epistulae eodem abs te datae tempore, Cic.: litteras ex Trebulano a Pontio, Cic.: litteras Trallibus (zu T., von T. aus), Cic.: ut quo dem (wir: wohin ich adressiere) posthac litteras sciam, Cic.: litteras publicas sine subscriptione ad alqm dare, Suet.: ante lucem V III. Kal. litteras ad alqm, Cic.: discedens dabo ad te aliquid, Cic.: data pridie Kal. Decembr., Cic.: datum VI. Id. Ian., Cic.

d) Geld usw. (u. übtr. Strafe) geben, beitragen, zahlen, bezahlen, auszahlen, entrichten, für jmd. od. etw. ausgeben, α) eig.: symbolam, Ter.: aes u. aera, Hor. u. Ov.: pecuniam, Cic.: decies centena huic parco, Hor.: quantum quisque daret, Nep.: huic aliquid paulum prae manu, Ter.: dic, quid vis dari tibi in manum? Ter. – mit Ang. als was? alci magnam pecuniam mutuam, Cic. ad Att. 11, 3, 3: huic salarium (als B.) de nostro privato aerario annuos frumenti modios tria milia, Treb. Poll. Claud. 14, 3. – m. Ang. woher? pecuniam a se, Plaut, trin. 182 (vgl. im folg. aus Monum. Anc.): omnia ex sua re familiari, Nep. Att. 7, 1. – m. Ang. wofür? pecuniam pro praediis a se, Monum. Anc. col. I, 1, 19. p. LXVIII ed. Momms.: quantum pro Caesaris ipse avolsa cervice daret, Lucan. 8, 11: cogitans et in pontibus pro transitu dari, Passierzoll gegeben werde, Sen. de const. sap. 14, 2. – m. Ang. wozu? durch Dat., dare milia terna macello, Hor. sat. 2, 4, 76. – Partiz. subst, data, ōrum, n., die Ausgaben (Ggstz. accepta, die Einnahmen), ut par sit ratio acceptorum et datorum, Cic. de amic. 58. – β) übtr., Strafe usw. geben, dare poenas, Str. leiden, bestraft werden (Ggstz. poenas accipere, büßen lassen, bestrafen), Cic. u.a. (s. poenadas Nähere): d. damnum, s. damnum: pretium pro noxa, Liv. Andr. fr.: Novio Prisco et Glitio Gallo data exsilia, traf das Los der v., Tac.: daturos quod Lars Tolumnius dedisset responderi iussit. Liv.

e) einen Stoff spenden, liefern, volucres mella daturae, Ov. fast. 5, 271: nec scombris tunicas (Hüllen zum Einpacken) dabis molestas, Mart. 4, 86, 8: u. so et laxas scombris saepe dabunt (Volusi annales) tunicas, Catull. 95, 8: im Bilde, materiam dare invidiae, Cic. Phil. 11, 21: materiam omnem sermonem eorum, qui de te detrahere vellent, Statium dedisse, Cic. ad Q. fr. 1, 2. 3.

f) als publiz. t.t., dem Richter die Stimmtäfelchen einhändigen, an die Richter austeilen, tabellam dare de alqo, Cic.: alci dare in iudicando litteram salutarem od. tristem (ein Stimmtäfelchen mit A = absolvo, od. mit C = condemno), Cic.: tabellae ministrabantur ita, ut nulla daretur UTI ROGAS, Cic.

g) als t.t. des Brettspiels, dare calculum, einen Stein ziehen (Ggstz. reducere, zurückziehen), Cic. Hortens. fr. 60 M. Quint. 11, 2, 88.

h) eine Klageschrift abgeben, einreichen, dare libellum, s. libellus.

i) (v. Reiter, Wagenlenker) die Zügel schießen lassen (Ggstz. premere), dare lora, Verg.: frena, Ov.: laxas habenas, die Z. verhängen, Verg.

k) Speisen auf die Tafel geben, setzen, aufsetzen, austragen lassen, vorsetzen, partem ceteram (carnium) mensis, Ov.: alci turdum, Hor.: semesi lardi frusta, Hor.: absol., quid dem? quid non dem? renuis tu, quod iubet aster, Hor.: ›sume, catelle‹, negat; si non des, optat, Hor.

l) Nahrung usw. od. zur Nahrung usw. reichen, α) übh., alimenta lactis puero, Ov.: u. (übtr.) ali menta igni, Curt.: de mensa sua ossa, Phaedr. – m. Ang. wozu? durch Dat., alqd esui dare, Plin.: potioni dare aquam, Cels. – m. Infin., dare bibere, Plaut. u. Cato: bibere da usque plenis cantharis, Plaut. – β) Arznei usw. reichen, geben, eingeben, beibringen, pueris absinthia taetra, Lucr.: abrotonum aegro, Hor.: aliquid potionis, Plaut.: alci potionem, Cels. u. Quint., potiones, Scrib.: alci medicamentum, Cels. u.a.: patri soporem, Nep.: alci venenum, Curt. u.a. (vgl. venenum).

m) eine Mahlzeit, Festlichkeit geben, anstellen, veranstalten, alci cenam, Komik., Cic. u.a.: alci epulum, Cic. u.a. (dah. dans epulum, der Gastgeber, Sen.): alci epulas, Tac.: (alci) prandium, Cic. u.a.: nataliciam in hortis, Cic.: exsequias, Ov.: ludos, Suet.: munus (gladiatorium), s. mūnus: fabulam, zur Aufführung bringen, Ter. u. Cic.: so auch Menandri Phasma, Ter.

n) einen Schlag geben, Wunden beibringen (Ggstz. accipere, ferre), dare alci alapam, Vulg., colaphum, Spart.: (alci) vulnus, vulnera, Ov. u.a. (vgl. vulnus).

o) etw. einer Sache übergeben, überlassen, preisgeben, corpus quieti, Acc. fr.: ventis colla comasque, Verg.: undis latus (v. Schiffe), Verg.: boum caesorum membra palato, Ov.: telo pectus inermum, Verg. – bes. vela dare ventis, die Segel den Winden überlassen, preisgeben, Verg. u.a.: ebenso dare classem ventis, Pacat. pan. – u. vela od. lintea dare (die Segel richten) m. Advv. u. dgl., s. 1. vēlumu. linteum.

p) wohin geben, bringen, legen, tun, werfen, α) m. Advv., scripta foras, herausgeben, Cic. ep.: alqd praeceps (bildl. = in Gefahr bringen, famam), Tac.: retro capillos, Ov.: iugulum retro, Cels.: arida circum nutrimenta, Verg.: d. pessum, s. 1. pessum. – β) m. Dat., bald = auf etw. od. in etw. werfen, vagae arenae ossibus particulam, Hor.: ignibus ista, Prop. – bald = in etw. legen, corpus tumulo, Ov.: urnae ossa, Pers. – bald = etw. an od. um etw. legen, einer Sache anlegen, brachia collo, Verg.: brachia nitidis virginibus, Hor.: alci rei frenos (bildl.), Liv. 34, 2, 13: posti florida serta, Tibull.: septena fila lyrae, Ov.: picta carinae vela (poet. = die Segel aufhissen), Ov. – γ) m. Praepp.: αα) m. in od. m. circum od. m. super u. Akk., funera in altos rogos, Ov.: in fluvios gelidos ardentia morbo membra, tauchen, Lucr.: pleraque secum in profundum, stürzen lassen, Curt.: in aurem castoreum cum aceto, Cels.: id in suam sedem, in seine gehörige Lage, Cels.: Tyrias circum illota toralia vestes, breiten um usw., Hor.: alteram fasciam ab altera parte super caput, führen, Cels.: u. so a (von) sinistro (iugulo) ad (bis zu) dextram alam rursusque sub ala sana (unter der gef. A. durch) fasciam d., Cels. – ββ) m. ad u. Akk., ad intortos brachia funes, ausstrecken nach usw., Ov. met. 3, 679.

q) m. prädik. Acc. des Adi. = etw. so u. so geben, stellen, saepe dabis nudum latus, Tibull. 1, 4, 52.

2) ein Zeichen (Kennzeichen, Merkmal) mit der Hand, mit einem Blasinstr. od. sonstwie geben, s. sīgnum, indicium, nota.

3) die Kehle, den Nacken, den Rücken geben, hinreichen, reichen, hinhalten, iugulum (alci), Cic.: alci cervices, Cic.: cervicem ad ictum alcis, Vell.: cervices crudelitati nefariae, bildl. = sich fügen od. schmiegen unter usw., Cic.: terga verberibus, Pacat. pan. 30, 5. – insbes., als milit. t.t. u. übtr., terga dare, den Rücken wenden, fliehen, s. tergum.

4) den Mund, einen Kuß geben, dare (alci) oscula, Ov. (vgl. osculum): alci basium, Petron., basia mille, Catull.: alci savium, Komik, u. Cic.

B) übtr.: 1) geben, gewähren, verleihen, bestimmen, erweisen, a) übh.: α) im guten Sinne: da, nate, petenti, quod etc., Verg.: quod petis a nobis, obrutus ille dabit, Ov.: dare alci somnum (v. der Arbeit), Ov.: (alci) quietem, Cic. u. Curt.: requiem terrae, Ov.: tres horas exercitui ad quietem, Caes.: alci vitam, Cic.: his lacrimis vitam, schenken, Verg.: dare beneficia (Ggstz. reddere od. accipere), Cic. u. Sall.: merita (Ggstz. accipere), Cic.: alci civitatem (das Bürgerrecht), Vell.: nomen alci, Hor., alci rei, Liv. (vgl. nomen): alci cognomen pingui, Hor.: alci od. facto impunitatem, Iustin.: servis libertatem, Iustin.: honores, Hor.: alci caelestes honores, Curt.: alci od. huic consilio palmam, Cic. u. Ter.: alci pro tantis meritis honoris coronam, Nep.: alci caelum, Ov. u. Curt., aditum ad caelum, Cic.: alci victoriam, s. victōria: hanc gratiam, Ter.: alci multa solacia, Cic.: alci laetitiam, Cic.: soli et lunae divinitatem, Cic.: precibus eventum vestris, Liv.: mobilibus decorem naturis, Hor.: famam rebus, Pacat. pan.: novum his erroribus orbem, Tibull.: alci veniam, s. venia. – datum hoc nostro generi est, ut etc., es ist Bestimmung unseres G., daß usw., Liv. 10, 28, 13. – m. folg. Infin., est cui cognomen corvus habere dedit, Prop. 3, 11, 64: mihi multa vetustas scire dedit, Ov. met. 14, 696: u. so auch Lucan. 6, 775. Pers. 5, 104. – Partiz. subst., dāns, antis, m., der Geber (Ggstz. accipiens, der Empfänger), si summa petantur, et dantem et accipientem praegravatura, Liv. 35, 42, 14. – β) im üblen Sinne, jmdm. etw. bescheren, einbrocken, heimgeben (s. Brix Plaut, capt. 463. Lorenz Plaut. Pseud. 151. p. 94, b. Spengel Plaut. truc. 2, 8, 4), observa quid dabo, Plaut.: specta quid dedero, Plaut.: sic datur, da hast du deinen Lohn! Plaut.; od. so wird's gelohnt! da haben wir's! Plaut.

b) insbes.: α) v. den Göttern: quod boni di mihi danunt, Plaut.: dato quae precamur tempore sacro, Hor.: si di dare cuncta potestis, Ov.: hoc tantum boni, quod vobis a dis immortalibus oblatum et datum est, Cic.: d. alci augurium, Ov.: nobis victoriam, Liv.: alci mentem, ut faciat huic insidias, Cic. – m. folg. Infin., di tibi dent captā classem reducere (al. deducere) Troiā, Hor. sat. 2, 3, 191: u. so Lucr. 3, 1028. Verg. Aen. 1, 79 u.ö. Ov. met. 1, 486 u.ö. Plin. ep. 6, 16, 3. – m. folg. ut u. Konj., quod nostrae aetati dii dederunt, ut videremus, Liv. 1, 19, 3: u. so Liv. 1, 54, 5; 30, 12, 12. – m. folg. ne u. Konj., da femina ne sim, Ov. met. 12, 202: u. so ibid. 12, 206.

β) v. Schicksal usw., Cinarae breves annos fata dederunt, Hor.: ea fato quodam data nobis sors est, ut etc., Liv.: principatum fato dari, Suet.: quotiens fortuna contra daret, Tac. – m. folg. Infin., si vivere nobis fata diu dederint, Ov. met. 7, 692: u. so ibid. 14, 843. Sil. 13, 144: v. der Parze, Hor. carm. 2, 16, 39. – m. folg. ut u. Konj., quod mihi si tantum fata dedissent, ut etc., Prop. 2, 1, 17: u. so Plin. ep. 8, 18, 5. – absol., si fors dedit, Calp.: sat patriae Priamoque datum est, ist geschehen für usw., Verg.

γ) v. der Natur, verleihen, oculos natura nobis ad motus animorum declarandos dedit, Cic.: illis maiorem natura modum dedit, his breve pondus, Hor.: leges, quae naturā sunt omnibus datae, Quint.: noli affectare quod tibi non est datum, Phaedr.: quod paucis datum est, Plin.: pennis non homini datis, Hor. – m. folg. Infin., varieque datum sit membra movere, Lucr. 4, 875: si modo senescere datum est, Plin. ep. 3, 1, 1; vgl. Hor. ep. 1, 1, 32.

2) ein Geschäft, einen Auftrag, ein Amt usw. jmdm. geben, übergeben, zuteilen, erteilen, übertragen, überweisen, a) ein Geschäft, einen Auftrag, dare alci negotium, s. negōtium; alci mandata, s. mandātum. – u. bl. dare alci m. folg. Infin., datum (es wurde der Auftrag gegeben) posthac C. Cassio deducere iuvenem ripam ad Euphratis, Tac. ann. 12, 11. – b) ein Amt usw., dare alci potestatem, imperium, legationem u. dgl., s. potestāsusw.: dare alci fasces, Cic. u. Hor.: alci summam imperii, Nep.: alci provinciam, Cic.: alci Cappadociam, Nep.: alci regnum, Eutr.: alci diadema, Curt.

3) einen Ort, eine Zeit usw. jmdm. anweisen, zuweisen, bestimmen, alci sedem inter inferos, Suet.: alci locum in theatro, Suet.: alci locum in theatro inter viatores tribunicios, Tac.: eum locum colloquio, Liv.: media acies Ubiis Lingonibusque data, Tac.: mille pedes in fronte, trecentos in agrum, Hor.: requiem modumque voce remis, gebieten, Ov.: detur nobis locus, hora, custodes, Hor.: nuptiis hanc diem, Pacuv. fr.: relicum noctis utrimque quieti datum, Liv.

4) etw. bieten, α) darbieten, praeclare convenit, aut da melius, Cic.: accipio quod datur, Cic. – β) anheimgeben, ultionem privato odio magis quam publicae vindictae, Vell. 2, 7, 6.

5) Zeit, Studium usw. einer Sache widmen, auf etw. verwenden, α) m. Dat.: corpori omne tempus, Cic.: agris tempus, Pacat. pan.: lucis partem ultimam mensae, Ov.: noctem somno, Ov.: prima tempora illis, Ov.: aestivos menses reliquos rei militari, hibernos iurisdictioni, Cic.: reliquam partem diei tribunali, Plin. ep.: studiis annos septem. Hor.: iis artibus a primis temporibus aetatis studium suum, Cic.: ingenium illustre altioribus studiis, Tac.: u. insbes., operam dare m. Dat. (wem?), s. opera. – β) m. ad od. in u. Akk., aliquid temporis ad ludum aetatis, Cic.: plus in hoc studii, Quint.

6) einräumen = zugeben, zugestehen, das Zugeständnis machen, willfahren, nachlassen, a) übh.: id gratiae, Liv.: id misericordiae, Cic.: id precibus Artabani, Tac.: hoc precibus meis, Curt.: consanguinitati hoc, ut etc., Liv.: aliquid famae, Hor.: multa famae, Sen.: quantum autem consuetudini famaeque dandum sit, id curent vivi, Cic.: nihil neque gratiae dari neque de iure patriae decīdi posse, Iustin.: m. folg. ut u. Konj., dabat et famae (auch der öffentlichen Meinung tat er es zuliebe), ut etc., Tac. ann. 1, 7. – b) als philos t.t., einräumen, zugeben, zugestehen, si das hoc, Hor.: da supremum tempus, nimm das äußerste Lebensziel an, Cic.: id quoque damus et libenter quidem, Cic.: quem tibi hoc daturum putas? Cic.: quae dederam supra relego (nehme ich zurück), Pers. – m. folg. Acc. u. Infin., Cic. Acad. 2, 50; de fin. 2, 86; Verr. 3, 218. Lucr. 3, 539. Hor. sat. 1, 4, 39. – m. folg. ut u. Konj., da nunc, ut crimine manifesto prematur dux bonus, Quint. 12, 1, 43. – c) als publiz. t.t., v. Behörden, bewilligen, zugestehen, überlassen, gewähren, anordnen, dare alci senatum, Sall. u.a.: alci contionem, Cic.: iudicium iniuriarum, actionem rei, Cic.: alci pacem, Liv. u.a.: foedus et amicitiam, Sall.: alci indutias, Liv. (s. indūtiaedas Nähere). – bes. v. Prätor, dessen Vefugnis ist do (ich gewähre, näml. Klagen, Rechte), dico (ich spreche, näml. das Urteil), addico (ich spreche zu, näml. das Eigentum), Varro LL. 6, 30. Macr. sat. 1, 16, 14. – d) obszön, leisten, quod nec das et fers saepe, facis facinus, Catull. 110, 4: quando notum est, et quid ille tibi et quid illi tute dederis, Cic. fr. bei Suet. Caes. 49, 3: absol., nulla est poscendi, nulla est reverentia dandi, Prop. 3, 13, 13.

7) einräumen = gestatten, zugestehen, bewilligen, überlassen, lassen, dare locum, spatium, viam, aditum, accessum, ascensum u. dgl., dare otium, tempus u. dgl., dare copiam, potestatem, facultatem, occasionem, optionem u. dgl., dare usum, usuram, s. alle diese Substst. – dah. dare m. Infin., da mihi fallere, Hor. ep. 1, 16, 61: u. so Iuven. 14, 30. Amm. 16, 12, 11. – dare (alci) m. ut u. Konj., Cic. Acad. 1, 24; ad Att. 14, 13. litt. A. § 3. Liv. 41, 8, 9. Tac. ann. 3, 69. – m. bl. Konj., Orest. tr. 15. – u. datur, es wird od. ist verstattet, erlaubt, man darf, man kann, m. Infin., Verg. Aen. 1, 409. (u.a. Dichter). Quint. 10, 7, 22. Plin. ep. 1, 10, 5. Tac. ann. 3, 67: m. folg. ut u. Konj., Tac. ann. 2, 53 u.a.: m. folg. ne u. Konj., Tac. ann. 3, 23. – absol., coëant in foedera dextrae, quā datur, Verg.: in quantum praeumbrante imperatoris fastigio datur, clarus, Tac. ann. 14, 47 in.

8) alci m. prädik. Dat. (zu), zu od. als etw. anrechnen, in den Redensarten laudi, vitio, crimini dare od. dari, s. 1. laus, vitium, crīmen.

9) einem Zustande aussetzen, preisgeben, überlassen, anheimgeben, dare alqd exitio, Lucr.: summas arces Italûm excidio, Verg.: urbem excidio ac ruinis, Liv.: captum oppidum praedae, Liv.: alia oblivioni aut neglegentiae, Liv. – m. in u. Akk., in praedas stantem urbem, Sil. 1, 455.

10) m. in od. ad u. Akk., a) in eine Lage usw. bringen, stellen, alqd in conspectum, zur Schau stellen, Curt.: alqd in medium, der Öffentlichkeit übergeben, verraten, Lucr.: alqd ad populi partes, der Teilnahme des V. eröffnen, Cic. – b) in einen Zustand versetzen, in splendorem bullas has foribus nostris, Plaut. asin. 426.

11) m. prädik. Partiz. Perf. od. Gerundivum, übergeben, darbieten, überlassen, lassen, Caere intactum inviolatumque crimine belli hospitio Vestalium cultisque diis darent, Liv. 7, 20, 7. – d. vineas colendas, Eutr.: diripiendam urbem, Cic.: laceranda suae viscera matri, Ov.: id alci cogitandum, zu bedenken geben, Cic.: tantas res alci scribendas, Cic.: librum ipsi legendum, Nep.: omnia in medium discenda, allen zum Lernen darbieten, Ov.

II) alqm (auch corpus, membra, animum): A) eig.: 1) im allg., geben, überweisen, hanc mi in manum dat, sie legt unsere Hände ineinander, Ter. Andr. 297: alqm dare mancipio, s. mancipium.

2) wohin bringen, infans aliorsum (anderswohin, aus dem Hause) datus, Gell. 12, 1, 22: alqm in hanc domum, Ter. eun. 365: hostem in medium, in die Mitte nehmen, einschließen, Lucan. 7, 366. – od. wohin stecken, m. Dat., catenis fatale monstrum, Hor. carm. 1, 37, 20: mollibus ora capistris, Verg. georg. 3, 188: m. in u. Akt., alqm in caveam, Plaut. capt. 124. – od. wo hinein tauchen, in fluvios gelidos ardentia morbo membra, Lucr. 6, 1171. – od. wohin strecken, stürzen, maerore dari in lectum, Lucr.: u. dare alqm ad terram, Plaut. u. Suet.: alqm in terram, Lucr.: alqm praecipitem ad terram, Liv.: u. bl. dare alqm praecipitem, zu Falle bringen, Ter., od. aus dem Hause werfen, Ter. (vgl. bildl., postea ambitione praeceps datus est, kam zu Falle, Sall. Iug. 63, 6): eoque ictu me ad casum dari, zum Falle gebracht werden, Acc. fr.

3) jmd. (einem) in irgend einer Eigenschaft geben, a) geben = beigeben, stellen, vatem, Hor.: duos collegas, Nep.: alci uxorem, s. uxor: comites, Curt.: duces itineris de captivis, Curt.: obsides (alci), Caes.: milites, Eutr.: nullum militem dare posse, Liv.: dare arbitrum, Cic.: iudicem, praedem, testem, vadem, s. iūdex, 1. praes, 1. tēstis, 1. vas: alci custodem et paedagogum, Sen.: alci tutorem, Eutr.: alci successorem, Suet.: alqm alci in consilium, Nep.: dabo, cui credas, Tac. – m. dopp. Acc. (jmd. als od. zu usw.), alqm comitem, Curt.: Phrygias catervas comites, Lucr.: alqm arbitrum inter etc., Cic.: libertinum militem, Vell.: obsidem filium, Eutr.: alqm alci coheredem, Suet.: alqm alci successorem, Suet. u. Iustin.: alqm vicarium, Traian. in Plin. ep. – im Passiv m. dopp. Nom., Hadrianus decemvir litibus iudicandis datus, Spart.: u. im Abl. absol. m. dopp. Abl., dato adiutore Pharnabazo, Nep. Con. 4, 2. – b) geben, verleihen, übergeben, anvertrauen, alci cognatos (v. der Natur), Hor.: natam od. filiam genero, Verg. u. Ov.: infantem nutrici, Ov.: alqm grammatico, Capit.: u. poet., fidibus divos puerosque deorum, Hor. – m. dopp. Acc. (jmd. als od. zu), alci alqm virum (zum M. = zum Gatten), Ter.: alqm alci socerum, Ov.: nobilem virginem servo suo pelicem, Curt. – m. 1. Supin., dare alqam alci nuptum, eine an jmd. verheiraten, Komik., Nep. u.a. (s. Drak. Liv. 1, 49, 9). – u. alqm alci m. Gerundiv, dilaceranda feris dabor alitibusque, Catull.: datur mihi custodiendus, Afran. fr.: exsulibusne datur ducenda (wird hingegeben, um sie als Frau heimzuführen) Teucris? Verg. – zugl. m. dopp. Acc., equites pignora (als U.) pacis custodiendos Luceriam, Liv. 9, 15, 7.

4) jmdm. geben = über jmd. setzen, an die Spitze stellen von usw., Albanis regem, Eutr.: Orienti Caesarem, Eutr.: principem Romanae rei publicae, Spart. – m. dopp. Acc. (jmd. als od. zu), alqm tribunum quintae legioni, Treb. Poll.: trecentos exsules iudices rectoresque civitati, Iustin.: im Passiv mit dopp. Nom., leviter armatis dux (als A.) datus est Mullinus, Curt. B) übtr.: 1) in ein Verhältnis, eine Lage geben, hingeben, illam sine dote in tantas divitias (in ein so reiches Haus), Plaut.: filiam in sortem, der Losung unterwerfen, zum Losen stellen, Suet.: alqm in adoptionem, zur A. entlassen, Quint.: in adoptionem od. in familiam alcis dari, von jmd. adoptiert werden, Vell.: alqm aut vivum aut mortuum in potestatem, Liv.: alqam in matrimonium, zur Frau geben od. geben wollen (anbieten), Caes. u. Liv.: alqm in omnem memoriam, dem ewigen G. übergeben, Sen.

2) jmd. in eine schlimme Lage bringen, alqm in praeceps (Gefahr), Liv.

3) jmd. in einen andern äußern od. innern Zustand versetzen (s. Brix Plaut. capt. 959), alqm in ruborem dare totum, Plaut.: alqm in timorem, Plaut.: animum in luctus, in Tr. versenken, Ov.: alqm ad languorem, Komik.

4) jmd. einem Zustande überlassen, placido sua corpora somno, Ov. met. 6, 489: caput et ceterum truncum sepulturae, begraben, Suet. Galb. 20, 2.

5) jmd. einem Zustande aussetzen, preisgeben, im Passiv = anheimfallen, alqm tormentis, Capit.: alqm exitio, Lucr. u. Ov.: alqm morti, Hor.: catervatim morbo mortique dari, Lucr.: alqm neci, Acc. fr. u. Verg.: alqm leto, Enn. fr., Pacuv. fr., Ov. u.a. ( leto datus auch Cic. de legg. 2, 22 im archaist. Gesetzstil): fortia corpora leto, Verg. – m. ad u. Akk., alqm ad iniurias alcis, Cic.

6) jmd. in einen Zustand nötigen, hostes in fugam, zur Fl. nötigen, in die Fl. schlagen, Caes.: Sestum incolentes in deditionem, zur Üb. zwingen, Liv.

III) dare se (u. im Passiv dari), v. Pers.u.v. Lebl., A) eig.: 1) sich in den Bereich jmds. od. einer Örtl. begeben, sich jmdm. od. wo zeigen, det mihi se, käme er nur in meinen Bereich, mir zu nahe, Ov. met. 12, 12, 594: mi ipsum iam dudum optabam te dari, daß ich dich antreffe, Ter. heaut. 758: dare populo se et coronae, Cic. Verr. 3, 49: da te urbi, da te curiae, zeige dich in der St., zeige dich in der K., Vopisc. Florian. 16 (6), 5: non aequo dare se campo, sich nicht in das Blachfeld wagen, sich nicht zum Kampfe stellen, Verg. Aen. 9, 56: spumantem dari votis optat aprum, in seinen Jagdbereich komme, anlaufe, Verg. Aen. 4, 158. – mit in u. Akk., se in medias acies, mitten hinein in das Heer treten, Verg. Aen. 12, 227. – m. prädik. Acc., da mihi te talem, zeige dich (erscheine mir) als solcher, Ov. met. 3, 295.

2) sich dem Feinde ergeben, dare se ultro, Amm. 15, 2, 60: sponte se propriā, Amm. 17, 2, 3.

3) sich wohin begeben, werfen, stürzen, m. Advv., se intro, Cic. Caecin. 13: se super (sc. in ignem), Verg. Aen. 4, 606: exinde se ilico protenam, Plaut. Curc. 363: dari alci obviam, begegnen, Ter. adelph. 311: v. Lebl., hāc se foras, Lucr. 1, 1105 (1113). – m. Dat., pedibus se protinam, sich auf die Beine machen (Fersengeld geben), Naev. com. 35. – sese fluvio, Verg. Aen. 11, 565: u. (im Bilde) se civilibus fluctibus, Nep. Att. 6, 1. – m. Praepp., sese in pedes, sich auf die Beine machen (Fersengeld geben), Plaut.: se in viam, Cic.: e scopulo se in pontum, Ov.: se iactu aequor in altum, Verg.: v. Lebl., dabit se in tormenta vita beata, wird mit auf die Folter gehen, Cic. Tusc. 5, 80. – zugl. m. prädik. Nom. od. Acc., praeceps saltu sese dedit in fluvium, Verg.: semet ipsi in pelagus ex certa rupe praecipites dant, Mela: quo nunc me praecipitem darem, Ter.: hic se praecipitem tecto dedit, Hor.: dare se (alci) obvium, jmdm. entgegenkommen, -treten, Liv. 1, 16, 6, u. in den Wurf kommen = einfallen (v. Versen), Macr. 5, 3, 1: u. so (v. leb. Wesen) obvium dari, entgegen-, in den Wurf kommen, Liv. 26, 27, 12.

4) sich einer Sache hingeben, α) tätig, v. Pers., an etw. teilnehmen, dare se convivio, Suet. Caes. 31: se haec in bella, Verg. Aen. 12, 633. – β) passiv, v. Schiffen, vento dare se, vor dem W. fahren, Caes. b.G. 3, 13, 9.

B) übtr.: dare se, 1) sich fügen, sich hingeben, da modo te, Ov. her. 15, 57 R. (16, 161): dent modo se superi, seien mir gnädig, Sil. 3, 150: si se dant, wenn sie sich fügen, d.i. empfänglich sind, Cic. de or. 2, 187.

2) sich zeigen, sich finden, sich darbieten, sich einstellen, v. Lebl., quocumque tempore se dabunt vires, Verg. Aen. 4, 627: an nesciebas, quam eius modi homini raro tempus se daret? sich die Gelegenheit uns bietet, Plaut. Bacch. 676: uni se ex Sabinis fors dare visa est privato consilio imperii recuperandi, Liv. 1, 45, 3.

3) sich jmdm. hingeben, ergeben, sich an jmd. anschließen, jmdm. zu Willen sein, sich in jmds. Willen fügen, se alci, Komik., Cic. u.a.: se regibus, Cic.: se legionibus, Tac. – m. prädik. Acc. des Gerundiv, demus nos huic excolendos (zur Ausbildung), Cic. Tusc. 4, 84. 4) sich einer Lage, einem Zustande hingeben, überlassen, dare se somno, Cic.: se quieti, Caes. u. Plin. ep.: iterum se quieti et somno, Val. Max. (dah. im Passiv quieti datus, eingeschlummert, Arnob. 2, 21): se fugae, sich auf die Fl. begeben, Cic.: se gemitui, Cic. – m. in u. Akk., sese in fugam, Fersengeld geben, Cic. Verr. 4, 95: se in casum irrevocabilem, Liv.: se rempublicamque in casus, Tac. – m. ad u. Akt., se ad lenitatem, Milde eintreten lassen, Cic. ep. 13, 1, 4.

5) sich in etw., bes. in ein Verhältnis einlassen, in etw. eintreten, treten, dare se in sermonem, Comic. fr. bei Cic.: familiariter se in eorum sermonem insinuare ac dare, Cic.: dare se in consuetudinem sic, ut etc., Cic.: bene penitus in istius familiaritatem sese dare, Cic.: u. dare alci se in adoptionem, sich von jmd. adoptieren lassen, Suet.

6) sich einer Sache ergeben, hingeben, widmen, sich an etw. machen, sich auf etw. legen, α) m. Dat., se labori et itineribus, Cic.: se duritiae, Nep.: se rei familiari vitaeque rusticae, Cic.: se voluptatibus, Turpil. fr. u. Cic.: se iucunditati, Cic.: se historiae, Cic.: se philosophiae, Capit.: se huic generi litterarum, Cic.: se auctoritati senatus, das A. des S. zu sördern suchen, Cic.: mit prädik. Acc. eines Adi., se totos libidinibus, Cic. Tusc. 1, 72: des Gerundivi, non se luxu neque inertiae corrumpendum dare, Sall. Iug. 6, 1. – β) m. in u. Akk., in eam exercitationem ita se studiose, ut etc., Cic. Tusc. 1, 7. – γ) m. ad u. Akk., se ad συντάξεις, Cic. ad Att. 15, 14, 1. – bes. m. ad u. Akk. des Gerundii u. Gerundivi, se ad docendum, Cic.: se ad ius respondendum, Cic.: se ad defendendos homines, Cic.: se non modo ad legendos libros, sed etiam ad totam philosophiam pertractandam, Cic.

7) dare se m. prädik. Acc., α) eines Subst., sich hergeben zu usw., temeritatis me omnium potius socium (zum G.) quam unius prudentiae dedi, Liv. 6, 24, 9. – β) eines Adi., sich so u. so zeigen, dare se facilem, Ter.: se alci hilarum, Plaut.: se alci placidum, Ov.

8) dare se m. Adv., a) v. Pers., sich so u. so geben, -halten, -benehmen, mirum ni ego me turpiter hodie hic dabo, mich blamiere, Ter. eun. 230: usque quaque, inquis, se Domitii male dant, bringen uns Unglück, Cael. in Cic. ep. 8, 15, 2. – b) v. Lebl., sich so u. so machen, sich so u. so gestalten, ut se initia dederint perscribat, Cic. ad Att. 3, 23, 5: omnibus nobis ut res dant sese, ita etc., Ter. Hec. 380: ita dat se res, ut operam dabit, Enn. fr. scen. 269: eaque ferme se dedēre melius consultoribus quam etc., *Afran. com. 332: multa adeo gelidā melius se nocte dedēre, macht sich (wird getan) vorteilhafter, Verg. georg. 1, 287: omnibus feliciter hic locus se dedit, kam glücklich zustatten, Sen. ep. 79, 5: negotia ingentia nec se dant facile et etc., Sen. de ira 3, 7, 1.

II) von sich geben, A) eig.: 1) aus sich hervorgeben, castum cruorem, vergießen, Ov.: u. so lacrimas, Tr. vergießen, weinen, Ov.: ore colores, strahlen lassen, Verg.: v. Lebl., ara dabat fumos, ließ aufsteigen, Ov.

2) Töne od. Worte von sich geben, a) Töne von sich geben, hören-, verlauten-, vernehmen lassen, sonum, Verg.: sonitum, Lucr. u. Ov.: fragorem, Ov.: balatus, Hyg.; mugitum, mugitus, Ov.: plausum, Cic. u. Hor.: clamorem, Verg.: cantus, Verg.: Phrygios modos, Ov.: gemitum u. gemitus, Ov.: sibila vibratā linguā, Ov.: felices cantus ore sonante, Tibull.

b) Worte von sich geben, hören-, vernehmen lassen, lingua vix tales icto dedit aëre voces, hauchte kaum hörbar solcherlei Worte, Ov.: talia dicta dabat (dedit), er ließ sich also vernehmen, Verg. u. Ov.: u. so haec dicta dabat, Liv.

3) in Worten von sich geben, a) angeben, anzeigen, mitteilen, nennen, sagen, berichten, erzählen, ipsa quod res dedit ac docuit nos, Lucr.: cum auctoribus hoc dedi, quibus dignius credi est, Liv.: unum da mihi ex oratoribus illis, qui dicat etc., Cic. – m. dopp. Acc., qualem te fama dabat videmus, Val. Flacc. 5, 506. – m. folg. inoir. Fragesatz, da, si grave non est, quae prima iratum ventrem placaverit esca, Hor.: sed tamen iste qui deus sit, da nobis, Verg.: da, dea, quem sciter, Ov.: nunc quam ob rem has partes didicerim, paucis dabo, Ter.: immo etiam dabo, quo (damit du) magis credas, Ter.: m. Acc. u. mit indir. Fragesatz, dabis igitur tribunatum (das Jahr des Tr.) et, si poteris, Tubulus quo crimine (sc. accusatus fuerit), Cic. ad Att. 12, 5, 3. – datur mit folg. Nom. u. Infin., Aeneas eripuisse datur, Ov. fast. 6, 434 M. (Riese ferunt): quis tot templa, tot aras promeruisse datur, Stat. silv. 3, 3, 80; u. so auch Stat. Theb. 7, 315; 11, 572. Claud. rapt. Pros. 3, 337.

b) mündlich verbreiten, hic primo sensim temptantium animos sermo per totam civitatem est datus, Liv. 2, 2, 4: sceleris data fama per urbes finitimas, Stat. Theb. 3, 10: inde dato passim varias rumore per urbes, Stat. Ach. 2, 352.

c) mündlich geben, erteilen, lehren, dare alci consilium, Ter., Cic. u.a. (s. cōnsiliumno. II, b, S. 1531): dare (alci) responsum, Cic., Hor. u.a.: dare (alci) praecepta, Cic. u.a. (s. praeceptumdas Nähere): alci haec promissa, Catull.: dare testimonium, s. testimonium: dare legem, leges, s. lēx: dare ius, iura, s. 1. iūs: alci fidem, s. 1. fidēs(= Wort, Versprechen, sicheres Geleit; versch. alci rei fidem dare, Glauben verschaffen, bestätigen, s. 1. fidēs= Glaubwürdigkeit). – dah. als t.t., α) ein Orakel, eine Weissagung geben, abgeben, erteilen, sortem, Ov. u. Suet.: oracula, Spart.: data dictio erat, caveret etc., Liv.: prägn., data fata, das (durch das Orakel) verheißene Geschick, Verg. Aen. 1, 382. – β) als jurist. t.t., dare alci diem, Frist geben, Plin. ep. 3, 9, 32. – dare litem secundum alqm, den Prozeß zugunsten jmds. entscheiden, Cic. u. Liv.: u. so bl. dare secundum alqm, zugunsten jmds. entscheiden, Sen. rhet. u.a. – γ) als geschäftl. t.t., dare rationem, Rechnung ablegen, Plaut. u. Cic.: übtr., dare rationem alcis rei, von etwas Rechenschaft geben, Plaut. u. Cornif. rhet.

d) als milit. u. publiz. t.t., anmelden, melden, nomen dare, sich melden, v. Soldaten zum Kriegsdienst, Cic. u.a., von neuen Kolonisten, Plaut, u. Liv., u. zu andern Diensten, Tac. (s. nōmendas Nähere).

4) schaffend hervorbringen, a) erzeugen, α) v. leb. Wesen, αα) leb. Wesen: geminam partu prolem, Verg.: fetus, Tibull.: liberos, Catull.: progeniem vitiosiorem, Hor.: Augustos multos de se daturum, Treb. Poll. – ββ) lebl. Objj., entstehen lassen, non fumum ex fulgore, sed ex fumo lucem, Hor. de art. poët. 143. – β) v. Lebl., hervorbringen, erzeugen, entstehen lassen, aus sich liefern, quod sol atque imbres dederant, Lucr.: tellus dedit ferarum ingentia corpora partu, Lucr.: terra fabas tantum duraque farra dabat, Ov.: cum segetes occat tibi mox frumenta daturas, Hor.: quercus singulos ramos a frutice dedit (trieb), Suet.

b) machen, bilden, α) im engern Sinne: cuneum, Verg.: sinum in medio, Liv.: gremium (v. der Erde), Mela: locum, Platz machen (Raum geben), Ov.: viam, einen Weg bahnen, Platz machen, Plaut., alci, Liv. u. Curt. – β) im weitern Sinne, umschreibend, αα) m. Objj., die den Begriff einer Bewegung enthalten, machen, tun, si quid proprio dat corpore motus, Lucr.: nullos audet dare corpore motus, wagt nicht sich zu rühren, Ov.: haud indecoros motus more Tusco dabant, Liv.: longos dat corpore tortus, krümmt sich in langen Windungen, Verg.: amplexus od. complexus d., umarmen, auch alci (jmd.), Ov.: dare saltum, Ov., dare undique saltus, Ov., in aëra saltus, Ov.: dare fugam, die Flucht ergreifen, Verg.: cursum in medios, eilen, stürmen, Verg.: impetum, Liv., impetum od. impetus in alqm, Liv.: impressionem, Liv. – ββ) m. Partiz. Perf. (f. Brix Plaut. capt. 342. Spengel Ter. Andr. 683), alqd effectum dare, Plaut.: perfectum hoc negotium, Plaut.: iam hoc tibi inventum dabo, Ter.: sic stratas legiones Latinorum dabo, quemadmodum etc., will so niederstrecken, Liv. 8, 6, 6: te mea dextra bello defensum dabit, wird dir Schutz gewähren im Kr., Verg. Aen. 12, 437: hanc mactatam victimam legatorum manibus dabo, will ich fällen als Sühnopfer für usw., Liv. 4, 19, 3. – γγ) m. Gerundiv, ego mecum hostium legiones mactandas Telluri et diis manibus dabo, will zum Sühnopfer für die T. usw. machen, Liv. 10, 28, 13. – δδ) m. prädik. Adi., anni multi me dubiam danunt, Plaut. Epid. 544: cautumque dabant exempla sequentem, Claud. IV. cons. Hon. 77. – alterum geminata victoria ferocem in certamen tertium dabat, Liv. 1, 25, 11.

B) übtr.: 1) von sich geben, ablegen, geben, documentum dare m. folg. Akk. u. Infin., Liv.: documenta dare m. folg. indir. Fragesatz, Cic. u. Liv.: documenta sui dare, Curt.. legis in se documenta dare, Iustin.: u. so dare exemplum, ex-perimenfcum, specimen, w.s. – 2) geben, schaffen, verschaffen, beibringen, einflößen, animos (Mut), Ov.: spiritus, Liv.: vires, s. vīs: spem, s. spēs: suspicionem, s. 2. suspīcio: eo sibi minus dubitationis dari, quod etc., er könne sich um so weniger bedenken, sei vollkommen entschieden, Caes. – 3) bringen, bereiten, machen, verursachen, veranlassen, alci tussim, Catull.: risus, risus iocosque, Stoff geben zu usw., Hor.: sonitum, ein Geräusch erregen, Verg.: alci somnum, Hor.: alci curas, Cornif. rhet.: damnum, malum, ruinam, stragem u. dgl., w.s.: funera, Verg.: alci dolorem, Cic.: proelio od. bello finem, ein Ende machen, Eutr.: finem animae, ein Ende bereiten, Iuven..: causam bello, Veranlassung zum Kr. geben, Eutr. – 4) machen, bewirken, m. Infin., dat posse moveri, Ov. met. 11, 177: sed haec vetusta dent recordari, quemadmodum etc., Mamert. pan. Iulian. 19, 3.

/ Nbf. dano, ere, wov. danunt, Naev. b. Pun. 4. fr. 4. Plaut, capt. 819 u.ö. Caecil. com. 176. Corp. inscr. Lat. 1, 1175; vgl. Paul. ex Fest. 68, 12. Non. 97, 14. – Archaist. Konj. Präs. duas, duat, Plaut. – archaist. Konj. Präs. duim, duis, duit, duint, Trag. u. Comic. vett., Cato u.a.; vgl. Neue-Wagener Formenl.³ Bd. 3. S. 311 u. 312 u. Georges Lexik. d. lat. Wortf. S. 224 u. 225 u. (für Terenz) Spengel Ter. Andr. 666. – Archaist. Imperat. duitor, XII tabb. bei Plin. 21, 7 D. (wo Schöll XII tabb. X, 7 arduitur). – Synkop. Formen dan = dasne, Plaut. asin. 671 u. truc. 373: datin = datisne. Plaut. Curc. 311; truc. 631: dabin = dabisne, Plaut. Bacch. 883; Pseud. 536 u. 1078. – Apokop. Form dedistin = dedistine, Plaut. Curc. 345; trin. 127 u. 129 – Archaist. Infin. Präs. Pass. darei, Corp. inscr. Lat. 1, 205 sq. u.ö. – Parag. Infin. Präs. Pass. darier, Lex vet. bei Fest. 189 (a), 14. – Nach Diom. 379, 25 ist. Pers. Präs. Pass. dor selten, nach Macr. de diff. 23, 8 gar nicht gebräuchlich.

lateinisch-deutsches > do [2]

57 in [1]

1. in, Praepos. mit Acc. = είς, u. mit Abl. = εν in, I) mit Acc. = in das Innere eines Raumes (sei es eine Tiefe od. Fläche) hinein (Ggstz. ad, das nur die Annäherung eines Gegenstandes bezeichnet), in, auf, nach, gegen, A) im Raume (als Tiefe od. Fläche): 1) zur Angabe der Bewegung: ad urbem vel potius in urbem exercitum adducere, Cic.: deus ad homines venit, immo, quod propius est, in homines, Sen.: in umeros suos efferre, Cic.: in aram confugere, auf den A. (auf die Stufen des A.), Nep.: mittere in Asiam, Nep. – eine Menge als Raum gedacht, se in medios hostes immittere, Cic.

2) (wie είς) zur Angabe der Richtung = hin... zu, nach... hin, nach, wärts, conspicere sursum in caelum, Plaut.: in orientem, Tac.: – in agrum, s. 1. agerno. I, d u. e. – in latus, seitwärts, Cels. u. Quint.: in dextrum, in sinistrum (laevum), rechts, links, Cels., Stat. u.a. – in ventum, windwärts, Lucan. – dah. in... versus = nach... hin, wärts (zur genauern Bestimmung der Richtung), in Galliam versus, Sall.: in Italiam versus, Serv. in Cic. ep.: in meridiem versus, Curt.

B) in der Zeit: 1) zur Angabe der Zeit, bis in die hinein sich etw. erstreckt = in... hinein, bis in... hinein, dormire in lucem (Tag), Hor.: dicere in noctem, Plin. ep.: boves pariunt in decem annos, Col.: alqd in omne tempus perdidisse, in alle Zeit hinein = für alle Zeit, für immer, Cic.

2) zur Angabe des Zeitpunktes, der für etw. od. für den etwas bestimmt ist = für, auf, magistratum creare in annum, Liv. (vgl. Drak. Liv. 4, 55, 6): in multos annos praedicere, Cic.: alqm invitare in posterum diem, Cic.: differre alqd in posterum diem, Cic., in crastinum, Cic. – m. usque = bis auf, wie usque in adventum eius tenuit urbem, Liv. – So insbes., in diem, α) auf einen Tag = auf kurze Zeit, auf heute, Liv. u. Ov.: in diem vivere, nur für den Tag, in den Tag hinein, Cic. u.a. – β) = auf einen bestimmten Tag, Zahlungstermin, fundum emere in diem, Nep. γ) Tag für Tag, täglich, in diem rapto vivere, Liv.: in diem et horam, Hor. δ) (= in diem futurum) fürs künftige, für die Zukunft, in diem istuc est fortasse, quod minaris, Ter.: in diem poenas praesentis fraudis di reservant, Cic. ε) von Tag zu Tag, Plin. 5, 73. – in dies od. in singulos dies, αα) = auf einzelne Tage, von Tag zu Tag (Ggstz. in perpetuum), Cic. u.a. ββ) = mit jedem einzelnen Tage, täglich, Cic. – in horas, stündlich, Hor. – in singulos annos, von Jahr zu Jahr, Jahr für Jahr, Liv. – in tempus, für die Umstände, Cic.: praesens in tempus, Cic. – so auch in futurum, in posterum, in aeternum, in perpetuum, in praesens, s. futūrusetc.

C) in andern Verhältnissen: 1) bei Angabe räumlicher Größen zur Bezeichnung der Richtung nach irgend einer Dimension = in, in longitudinem (in die od. in der L.) milia passuum CCXL, in latitudinem CLXXX patēre, Caes.: murum in altitudinem pedum sedecim fossamque perducit, Caes.; vgl. Drak. Liv. 38, 59, 6.

2) zur Angabe des Übergangs aus einem in das andere (in eine andere Gestalt, einen andern Zustand usw.) = in, mutare in alqm od. alqd, s. 1. mūto: in sollicitudinem versa fiducia est, Curt.

3) zur Bezeichnung der Teile, auf die sich eine Einteilung erstreckt, in die sie das Ganze zerlegt = in, Gallia est omnis divisa in partes tres, Caes.: in duodecim menses describere annum, Cic. – ebenso bei Verteilung zur Bezeichnung der einzelnen, denen etwas zugeteilt wird = auf, describere censores binos in singulas civitates, zwei Z. auf jeden einzelnen St., Cic.: sextantes conferuntur in capita, auf den K. (Mann), kopfweise, Liv.: quaternos denarios in singulas vini amphoras portorii nomine exigere, Liv.: frumentum assibus in modios aestimatum, Liv.

4) zur Angabe der Bestimmung, des Endzwecks, wozu etwas dienen soll od. geschieht = zu, für, behufs, nullam pecuniam Gabinio, nisi in rem militarem datam, Cic.: alqo mitti in praesidium (zur Besatzung), Liv.: in supplementum classis dari, Liv.: alqm in id certamen legere, Liv.: in spem genitus, auf die Hoffnung hin, Curt.: in spem victoriae, Curt.: praecepta dare in alqd (in Beziehung auf etwas), Cic.: in haec obsides accepti, dafür, deshalb, Cic.; vgl. unten nach no. 6 die Anmerkg. / a. E. – dah. auch zur Bezeichnung des beabsichtigten od. unbeabsichtigten Erfolgs einer Handlung = zu, wegen (klass. alcis rei causā), cibo in vitam, non in voluptatem uti, Vell.: turres in propugnaculum villae subiectae, Sen.: in hoc, Hor., Ov., Vell. u.a.; vgl. die Beispielsammlung Madvigs in dessen Opusc. I. p. 167 (nach dem Cic. Clu. 188 in familiae luctum atque in privignorum funus nupsit = in lugentem [morte filiorum] familiam innupsit).

5) zur Angabe des Angemessenen, der Beschaffenheit, der Art u. Weise des Geschehens, a) = gemäß, in rem esse, dem Interesse gemäß, sachgemäß sein, Komik., Sall. u.a. (s. die Auslgg. zu Liv. 22, 3, 2 u. zu Sall. Cat. 20, 1). – tradere regnum in fidem alcis, seinem Worte gemäß = auf sein Wort, Sall. – b) = auf, nach, vaticinantis in modum, Liv.: hostilem in modum, Liv.: praeclara classis in speciem, Cic. – in eandem sententiam loqui, Cic.: iudicium accipere in ea ipsa verba, quae Naevius edebat, Cic.: foedus in haec verba fere conscriptum, Liv.: iurare in verba alcis, auf die W., Hor. u.a. – in plumam, nach Art der F., wie die F., Verg.: in barbarum, nach Art eines B., wie ein B., Tac. (vgl. Oudend. Apul. met. 3, 10. p. 191. Hildebr. Apul. met. 6, 29. p. 504). – so auch in universum, im ganzen, im allgemeinen, Liv.: in vicem, Cic. u. Caes., od. in vices, Ov., wechselweise.

6) zur Bezeichnung des Gegenstandes (gleichs. des Ortes), auf den Handlungen od. Gemütsstimmungen, freundliche od. feindliche, gerichtet sind = gegen, a) Handlungen: alqm in os laudare, ins Gesicht loben (κατὰ στόμα επαινειν), Ter. – de servis quaerere in dominos, Cic.: in consules designatos legem decernere, Cic.: carmen scribere in alqm, gegen od. auf jmd., Nep. – b) Gemütsstimmungen: bono animo esse in alqm, Caes.: impietas in deos, Cic.: amor in patriam, Cic.: munificentia in alqm, Sall.: perindulgens in patrem, acerbe severus in filium, Cic.

/ in mit Akk. steht (wie εἰς) zuw. da, wo das Verbum, auf das es sich bezieht, nicht eine Bezeichnung der Richtung wohin? sondern die Angabe des wo? also in mit Abl. zu erfordern scheint; wobei eine Prägnanz der Konstruktion zugrunde liegt, indem sich der Begriff einer Bewegung mit einmischt, wie: alqm in carcerem asservari iubere, in das G. bringen u. dort verwahren lassen, Liv.: in Tusculanum futurum esse, kommen wollen, Cic.: adesse in senatum, in den S. gehen od. zum S. kommen, Cic.: esse (= venisse) in potestatem, gekommen sein, Cic. u.a.: ebenso habere in potestatem, bekommen haben, Sall. u.a. (vgl. Drak. Liv. 2, 14, 4): alci esse in mentem, in die Gedanken kommen, einfallen, Plaut.: alci in conspectum esse, Suet. u. dgl. – Als Acc. der Bestimmung, des Endzwecks (s. oben no. C, 4) sind aber zu erklären: Galliam retinere in senatus populique Romani potestatem, Cic.: ferri lecticulā ut in funebrem pompam, Tac.: in medium relinquere, unentschieden lassen, Tac.: probari in vulgus, in vulgus gratum esse, in vulgus ignotus, beim V., Cic.: res esse in vadimonium coepit, es kam zum Bürgenstellen, Cic.

II) mit Abl. = εν, zur Bezeichnung des Seins in einem Raume, im Innern einer Sache (wobei das Innere nicht bloß als das einer Tiefe, sondern auch als das einer Fläche [das, was innerhalb des Umfangs derselben ist] zu denken), A) im Raume: 1) im allg., in, an, auf, esse in Sicilia, Cic.: dicere in senatu, Cic.: coronam habere unam in capite (auf dem K.), alteram in collo (an dem H.), Cic.: sedere in solio, Cic.: navigare in Italia, an J., an der Küste von I., Cic.: castra in limite locat, an dem Grenzwall, Tac. – zuw. = vor, unter, in oculis esse, vor Augen sein (bildl.), Cic.: in manibus habere (eig. u. bildl., s. 2. mānus), Cic.

2) (wie εν) von dem Umgebensein von-, Stecken usw. in einer Kleidung = in, mit, esse in veste domestica, Ov.: in lugubri veste, Curt.: in crepidis, Suet.: in Persico et vulgari habitu, Curt.: formari in cornibus, Ov. – in Waffen, in, mit, unter, patriis ad Troiam missus in armis, Verg.: horridus in iaculis, Verg.: excubare in armis, Caes. – in Fesseln u. Banden = in, in vinculis et catenis esse, Liv.

B) in der Zeit: 1) zur Angabe der Zeit, a) im Verlaufe od. während deren etwas geschieht = im Verlaufe, innerhalb, während, in multis annis, Nep.: in omni aetate, in extremo tempore aetatis, Cic.: in sex mensibus, Cic.: in diebus paucis, Ter.: ter in mense, ter in anno, Varro u. Cic.: in pueritia od. adulescentia, Nep. u. Suet. – so auch bei uneig. Zeitbestimmungen, in bello, Cic.: in pace et per indutias, Sall.: semel in vita, Cic.: in itinere, Caes.: in qua potestate (während welches Amtes) Pheras cepit, Nep. – dah. b) auch beim Abl. des Gerundium u. der Gerundiva, um den Begriff der Zeitdauer auszudrücken = bei, während, in deliberando, bei der Überlegung, Cic.: in quaerendis suis, beim Suchen der S., Caes.

2) zur Angabe eines Zeitpunktes (bes. eines entscheidenden), einer Zeitlage, der Zeitumstände, a) übh.: nolo me videat hoc in tempore, gerade jetzt, Ter.: in tali tempore, Liv. – in eo est, ut etc., es ist auf dem Punkte, daß usw., Liv. u. Nep. – b) insbes., in tempore (= εν καιρω), zu rechter Zeit, Ter. u. Liv.: so auch in ipso tempore, Ter.

C) in andern Verhältnissen: 1) zur Angabe von Umständen, Verhältnissen u. Zuständen, in denen sich etwas befindet od. unter denen etw. geschieht = in, bei, unter, in hac solitudine careo omnium colloquio, Cic.: in vino (beim Weintrinken) immodicum esse, Ter.: in tanta paupertate decessit, ut etc., Nep.: magno in aere alieno (bei = ungeachtet) maiores etiam possessiones habent, Cic. – u. zur Bezeichnung von Pers. od. Sachen, auf deren Zustand od. Verhältnisse sich etwas bezieht = bei, in betreff, hinsichtlich, in hoc homine non accipio excusationem, Cic.: ausurum se in tribunis, quod princeps familiae ausus in regibus esset, Liv.: idem in bono servo dici solet, Cic. – in una urbe (indem ihr eine Stadt erobert) universam ceperitis Italiam, Liv. 26, 43, 3. – u. (im Briefstil u. Dialog) ohne Beziehung auf das Verbum des Hauptsatzes, in reliquis officiis (hinsichtlich der usw.), cui tu tribuisti praeter me, ut domum ventitares? Cic.

2) mit Abl. eines Verbalsubstantivs od. Adjektivs, um die Tätigkeit od. den Zustand anzuzeigen, in dem etwas ist = in, in motu esse, Cic.: in maximis esse luctibus, Cic.: in integro tota res est, Cic.: moderatio in difficili est, Liv.; u. so in facili, in promiscuo, in obscuro u. dgl., s. facilisetc.

3) zur Bezeichnung des Objekts, in dem sich der Unterricht, die Bildung zeigt = in, an, erudire in iure civili, Cic.: in bonis litteris educatus, Cic.: exercere mentem in alqa re, Cic.

4) bei esse u. inesse, um die Pers. od. Sache, in der etwas ist od. der etwas gehört, zu bezeichnen = in, quanta auctoritas fuit in Metello, Cic.: haec est societas, in qua omnia insunt, Cic.: quibus in rebus ipsi interesse non possumus, Cic.

5) zur Angabe einer Klasse od. Anzahl von Gegenständen, zu der etwas gehört = unter, Pausanias ceperat complures Persarum nobiles atque in his nonnullos regis propinquos, Nep.: u. so oft in his bei Caes. u.a.: in quibus Catilina, Sall.: in Epaminondae virtutibus commemoratur saltasse eum commode, Nep.

/ Zuw. steht in mit Abl. da, wo man im Deutschen in mit Akk. erwartet u. im Lateinischen auch oft setzt, wie: introrumpere in aedibus, einbrechen im H. = in das H., Plaut.: infundere in naribus, Colum. – ebenso übtr., gratum esse in alqo, bei = gegen jmd., Cic.; u. dgl. m. – Die verschiedene Konstruktion der Verba legen, stellen, setzen u.a. s. unter diesen.

/ arch. u. vulg. im, Corp. inscr. Lat. 1, 1104 u. 11, 4391. Inscr. christ. (aus Rom) Fabretti 323, 445. – arch. u. vulg. en, Corp. inscr. Lat. 1, 195, 5; 1, 199, 12; 1009. v. 14; 1220. v. 3 (Anthol. Lat. 1274, 3 M.). Corp. inscr. Lat. 8, 8635 (Anthol. Lat. 1274, 14 M.). – arch. endo, Enn. ann. 576; fr. var. 23. XII tabb. I, 2 Sch. ( bei Fest. p. 313 [a], 7) u. III, 3 u. 4 Sch. ( bei Gell. 20, 1, 45). Lex vet. bei Gell. 5, 19, 9. Lucil. 1075. Varro r. r. 3, 17, 10. Lucr. 6, 890. Cic. de legg. 2, 19. Paul. ex Fest. 77, 3. – arch. indu, Enn. ann. 238 u. 445*. Lucil. 970 u. 1230. Lucr. 2, 1096; 5, 102. Vgl. Placid. gloss. V, 29, 13.

lateinisch-deutsches > in [1]

58 aequus

aequus (aecus), a, um, Adj. m. Compar. u. Superl., gleich, I) in sich selbst gleich, 1) eig.: a) von der Oberfläche des Bodens, eben, gerade = wagerecht, horizontal (Ggstz. superior od. inferior, acclivis od. declivis, pronus), locus, qui est ad libellam aequus, Varr.: aequus et planus locus, Cic.: in aequum locum se demittere, in die Ebene, Caes.: paulo aequiore loco consistere, Caes.: ex aequo loco loqui, im Senate (Ggstz. ex inferiore loco, zu den Richtern, die höher saßen, u. ex superiore loco, von der Tribüne zum Volke), Cic.; vgl. ex superiore et ex aequo loco sermones habitos, in öffentl. u. Privat-Angelegenheiten, Cic. – neutr. subst., aequum, ī, n., das ebene Terrain, die ebene Fläche ( das Niveau), das flache, freie Feld, facile in aequo campi victoriam fore, Liv.: in aequum descendere, degredi, Liv. a.u.: u. in aequum descendere bildl. = sich zu jmd. ganz herablassen, Sen.: ut primum agmen aequo, ceteri per acclive iugum insurgerent, Tac. – auch vom Plateau einer Anhöhe, in aequum eniti, Tac. ann. 2, 80 extr. – b) von andern Gegenständen, gleich, gerade, wagerecht, aequa frons (milit. t.t.), eine gleiche, gerade Linie od. Front, Liv.: statera posita examine aequo (mit gerade stehendem Zünglein = im Gleichgewicht), Suet.

2) übtr.: a) wie unser nicht uneben = günstig, ge-

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legen (Ggstz. iniquus), vom Orte, locum se aequum ad dimicandum dedisse, Caes.: etsi non aequum locum videbat suis, Nep.: ut locus procul muro satis aequus agendis vineis fuit, Liv.: ut quibus locus aequior esset, durch ihre Stellung mehr begünstigt, Liv. – von der Zeit = günstig gelegen, et tempore et loco aequo instructos, Liv.: neque tempore neque loco aequo, Suet.: iudicium aequiore tempore fieri oportere, Cic. fr. – b) vom Gemüt = sich gleichbleibend, gleichmütig, ruhig, gelassen, gleichgültig, zufrieden, geduldig, concedo, et quod animus aequus est et quia necesse est, Cic.: quidquid tribunus plebis loquitur, assuestis aequi (mit Gleichgültigkeit) audire, Liv.: u. so laudationem mortui aequis auribus audivit, Liv.: quod adest memento componere aequus, Hor.: aequam memento rebus in arduis servare mentem, Hor.: praesentibus aequus, zufrieden mit, Hor. – Bes. häufig im adverbial. Abl., aequo (aequiore, aequissimo) animo, mit Gleichmut, mit Gelassenheit, mit Befriedigung, mit Ruhe, getrosten Mutes, ruhig u. getrost, unbesorgt wegen des Ausgangs (Ggstz. animo iniquo), pati (absol.), Plaut.: pati od. ferre m. Akk. od. m. Akk. u. Infin., Cic.: aequiore quidam animo ferunt praecīdi spem suam quam trahi, Sen.: aequissimo animo ferre m. Akk. u. Infin., Suet.: aequo animo servitutem tolerare, Sall.: alqd accipere (aufnehmen), Sall.: animo aequo alqm spectare (zuse-

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hen), Cic.: utrum aequo an iniquo animo mortem subieris, iam nihil refert, Lact. 3, 27, 8: animo aequissimo mori (Ggstz. animo iniquissimo), Cic. de sen. 83: im Plur., animis libentibus aut aequis alqd remittere, Cic.: eam sententiam haud aequioribus animis quam ipsorum quondam postulatum audire, Liv.

II) der Beschaffenheit, Eigenschaft nach einem andern gleich, 1) eig.: a) gleich = gleich breit, gleich lang, gleich hoch, gleich weit, gleich schwer, α) von Gleichartigem: aequā latitudine, atque ille congesticius agger fuerat, Caes.: aequo fere spatio abesse, Caes.: aequo discrimine, Verg.: sequitur patrem non passibus aequis, begleitet den Vater mit kürzeren Schritten, Verg.: aequis pedibus procedere (vom Distichon), wie aequis numeris (vom Hexameter), Ov.: aequā lance, Cod. Theod.: aequā utrimque librā (im Gleichgewicht) alqd deportare alio, Plin. – β) von Ungleichartigem: urbs erat in summo nubibus aequa iugo, Ov.: aequum arcibus aggerem attollunt, Ov. – b) gleich = gleich verteilt, gleich zugewogen, gleich groß ( wie ἴσος), non tertia portio, verum aequa, Plin.: u. so oft aequis portionibus od. pensionibus (dare, solvere u. dgl.), in gleichen Raten, Liv.: m. Ang. des Vergleichungspunktes durch atque (ac), quam, cum m. Abl., aequo mendicus atque ille opulentissimus censetur censu ad Acheruntem mortuus, Plaut.: cum aequam partem tibi sumpseris, atque po-

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pulo Romano miseris, Cic.: postulante patre eius, ut aequum ei ius in omnibus provinciis exercitibusque esset, quam erat ipsi, Vell.: utinam esset mihi pars aequa amoris tecum, Ter.: aequo et pari cum civibus iure vivere, Cic.: ut ita sortem aequam sibi cum collega dent, Liv. (u. so m. folg. cum u. Abl. oft bei Liv., s. Fabri Liv. 21, 3, 6).

2) übtr.: a) der innern Beschaffenheit nach gleich, α) übh., gleich = gleichgestellt, leges, Lucr.: in aequa laude ponere, für gleich lobenswert halten, Cic.: aequa condicio, aequum certamen proponitur, Liv.: aequi istuc faciam, das wird mir gleich gelten od. sein (gleichgültig sein), Plaut. mil. 784. – u. so die milit. t.t.: aequa pugna, gleicher, unentschiedener, schwankender, Liv.: aequo proelio od. aequo Marte (εξ ἴσου) discedere, das Gleichgewicht behaupten (Ggstz. superiorem esse od. discedere), Caes. u. Iustin.: so auch aequā manu discedere (Ggstz. superiorem esse), Sall.: u. aequā manu abscessum est, Tac.: aequis manibus dirimere pugnam, Liv.: aequo Marte (mit gleicher Aussicht auf den Sieg) pugnare, Liv., contendere, Flor. u. Curt. – β) der Zahl, den Kräften, dem Range nach gleich, gleichstehend (Ggstz. s uperior od. inferior), numerone an viribus aequi non sumus? Verg. – in superiores contumax, in aequos (gegen seinesgleichen) et pares fastidiosus, in inferiores crudelis, Cornif. rhet.: quia

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regibus aequa, nedum infima insolita sunt, weil Königen schon Gleichsetzung, geschweige denn die tiefste Erniedrigung etwas Ungewohntes ist, Tac. – dah. γ) die adverb. Ausdrücke: ex aequo, von gleicher Stufe aus, gleichmäßig, in gleichem Maße, auf gleiche Weise, sol ex aequo metā distabat utrāque, Ov.: ex aequo convenit, Tibull.: mundum ex aequo temperantia, was die Welt im Gleichgewicht erhält, Sen. – u. = εξ ἴσου, unter gleichen (politischen) Verhältnissen od. Bedingungen, mit gleichen Rechten (s. Weißenb. Liv. 37, 36, 5), ex aequo venire in amicitiam, Liv.: quae disceptatio ex aequo relicta est? Liv.: pax ex aequo utilis, Tac. – in aequo, auf gleicher Stufe, in gleicher Geltung, -Lage, in gleichen Verhältnissen, -Rechten, gew. mit esse, stare, zB. ne in aequo hostes vestri nostrique apud vos sint (gleiche Rechte bei euch haben) ac nos socii; immo ne meliore iure sint, Liv.: quod in aequo est, gleichviel gilt, Sen.: infra deos sumus, non in aequo illis stetimus, stehen nicht mit ihnen auf gleicher Stufe, Sen.: so auch industriosque aut ignavos pax in aequo tenet, auf gleicher Stufe, in gleichen Verhältnissen, Tac.: u. in aequo eum duarum potentissimarum gentium summis imperatoribus posuerunt, sie stellten ihn auf gleiche Stufe mit usw., Liv. – in aequo positum est mit folg. Infin., Val. Max. 6, 9 ext. 9.

b) gleich gegen den einen wie gegen den andern

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verfahrend, bes. in Rechtssachen, billig (Ggstz. iniquus, iniustus), α) v. Pers., gerecht und billig, unparteiisch, arbiter, Plaut.: praetor, iudex, testis, Cic.: se alci aequum praebere, Cic.: ne plus iniquum possit quam aequum oratio, facite aequi sitis, Ter.: ab aequis atque etiam a propensis in hanc partem colamur, Cic. – β) v. Lebl., billig, recht und billig, iudicia, Cic.: condicio (Ggstz. iniqua versura), Nep.: aequa et honesta postulatio, Cic.: aequa lex et omnibus utilis, Cic.: quam orationem... aequam arbitror videri posse, Liv.: quod aequum sit in Quintium, id iniquum esse in Naevium, Cic. – bes. oft aequum est = es ist billig, recht und billig (s. Wagner Plaut. aul. 122 u. Ter. heaut. 949), ut est aequum, Plaut.: deinde postulo, sive aequum est, te oro, Ter.: ut aequum censeo, Plaut.: at quibus verbis? modo »aequum sibi videri«, modo »non iniquum«, Cic.: m. Dat., sicut aequum est homini, Cic.: m. Abl. pers. ( wie dignus), plus vidissem, quam me atque illo aequum foret, für mich u. ihn sich ziemen würde, Plaut.: oft m. Infin. Pass., nunc non aequum est abduci, Plaut.: auch m. Infin. Act., ut facere aequum, Plaut.: meist m. Acc. c. Infin., aequum est vos ignoscere, Ter.: tibi me est aequum parēre, Verg.: aequum esse eum et officio meo consulere et tempori, Cic.: aequius vos erat candidatas venire, es war besser, Plaut.: seltener m. ut u. Konj., aequum tibi videatur, ut ego, alienum quod est, meum

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esse dicam, Plaut. – neutr. subst., aequum, ī, n., das Billige, die Billigkeit, quid in iure aut in aequo verum aut esset aut non esset, Cic.: utilitas iusti mater et aequi, Hor.: aequa postulare, Liv.: per aequa per iniqua, durch jedes billige oder unbillige Mittel, auf geradem oder ungeradem Wege, um jeden Preis, es koste, was es wolle, Liv. 2, 32, 7. – Abl. aequo bei Komparativen (= quam aequum est), als recht od. billig ist, allzu, nur zu sehr, miser amplius aequo, Plaut.: gravius aequo, Sall.: largius aequo Hor.: flagrantior aequo, Iuven. – oft verb. aequum et bonum u. aequum bonumque od. bl. aequum bonum, was recht und gut, recht und billig ist, das Rechte und Billige, Recht und Billigkeit, aequum bonum colere, Plaut.: fit reus magis ex aequo bonoque, quam ex iure gentium Bomilcar, Sall.: contra scriptum de aequo et bono dixit, Cic.: neque quicquam queo aequi bonique ab eo impetrare, auf dem Wege der Billigkeit, -der Güte, Plaut.: si tu aliquam partem aequi bonique dixeris, wenn du nur ein halbwegs billiges Wort sprichst, Ter.: Superl., hoc optumum atque aequissumum est, Plaut. – dah. als t.t. die Rechtsformel: quod od. quantum aequius melius od. melius aequius, wie es billiger und besser ist, Cic.: u. so utrumque fieri sit melius atque aequius, Quint. – u. endlich die Redensart aequi bonique od. bl. aequi boni facere alqd, etw. nach Rücksichten der Billigkeit beurtei-

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len = etw. gut aufnehmen, sich gern gefallen lassen, sich in etw. fügen, mit etw. fürlieb nehmen, an etw. nicht mäkeln (s. Wagner Ter. heaut. 787), Ter., Liv. u. Cic.

c) gegen andere gelassen, nachsichtig, ihnen gewogen, geneigt, wohlwollend, günstig (Ggstz. iniquus, inimicus), non aequa Pallas, ungünstige, grollende, Verg.: nobilitate inimicā, non aequo senatu, Cic.: aequo Iove, mit Jupiters Wohlwollen od. Beifall, Hor.: adeste aequo animo, schenkt ein geneigtes Gehör, Ter. (s. Spengel Ter. Andr. prol. 24): minus aequis animis auditus est Scipio, fand weniger geneigtes Gehör, Liv.: aequos adhiberent animos ad pacem accipiendam, möchten sich zur A. des Fr. geneigt zeigen, Liv.: meis aequissimis utuntur auribus, ich höre ihnen mit dem größten Vergnügen zu, Cic.: ne in senatu quidem satis aequis auribus audiebatur, fand er ein recht geneigtes Gehör, Liv.: oculis aequis aspicere, Verg., videre, Curt. – m. Dat., alumnis, Hor.: aequa Venus Teucris, Pallas iniqua fuit, Ov.: pater est aequus sorti utrique, meinem V. ist beides genehm, Verg.: ipsis est aër avibus non aequus, nicht heilsam, Verg. – m. in u. Abl. (der nähern Bestimmung), aequus in hoste fuit, Prop. 3, 19, 28. – Plur. subst., aequi, die Freunde (Ggstz. iniqui), gew. verb. aequi et iniqui, od. aequi iniquique, Freund und Feind, Ter., Cic. u. Liv. (s. Wagner Ter. heaut. prol.

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27. Fabri Liv. 22, 26, 5): auch m. Genet., absentium aequi, Tac. ann. 6, 36. – ⇒ Arch. Nom. Sing. Mask. aequos, Plaut. aul. 187. Ter. adelph. 837. Verg. georg. 2, 225: Akk. Sing. Mask. aequom, Enn. tr. 138 (228). Plaut. capt. 995 u.ö. Ter. eun. 478 u. 870; heaut. 91 u.ö. Cato r.r. 146, 3. – arch. Form aiquos, Akk. aiquon, Corp. inscr. Latin. 1, 196, 27. – arch. Form aecus Enn. tr. 135 (226) u. 161 (147). Pacuv. tr. 32. Verg. Aen. 6, 129; 10, 450; 12, 20 R.; Liv. 42, 47, 3 W. Sen. contr. 9, 3 (26), 1. M. Caes. in Fronto ep. ad M. Caes. 4, 12. p. 61, 10 N. Gell. 4, 9, 12: aiquom = aequum, Corp. inscr. Lat. 1, 196, 11.

Ausführliches Lateinisch-deutsches Handwörterbuch > aequus

59 do

1. dō (δῶ d.i. δῶμα) = (Acc.) domum, Enn. b. Auson. Technop. (XXVII) 13, 18. p. 139 Schenkl.

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2. do, dedī, datum, dare (altind. dádā-ti, er gibt, griech. δίδωμι), I) geben, reichen (Ggstz. accipere, annehmen, empfangen, reddere, zurück-, abgeben, remittere, zurück-, dagegenschicken, adimere, nehmen, ferre, davontragen, auferre, mit sich nehmen, entziehen, detrahere, entziehen, eripere, entreißen, poscere, fordern), I) alqd: A) eig.: I) die Hand od. mit der Hand geben, reichen, hergeben, herreichen, hingeben, hinreichen, darreichen, überreichen, schenken, dare (alci) manum, Ov. u. Quint.: dare dextram, Nep. (vgl. dextra unter dexter): alci primum digitum, Catull.: alci assem, Phaedr.: (alci) librum, Hor. u. Nep.: poculum veneni, Cic.: frumentum plebi, Vell.: alci triremem, Nep.: populo Romano hunc vestitum atque arma, Cic.: (alci) viaticum, Plaut. u. Plin. ep.: alci vinum, Verg. – m. Ang. von wo? u. dgl., ut quodcumque opus esset sciret unde daret et meminisset atque annotaret quid et quando et cui dedisset, Col. 12, 3, 4: pretium dedit. Cui dedit? per quem dedit? unde aut quantum dedit? Cic. Rosc. Am. 74: de pane tuo da esurienti et de vestimentis tuis nudis, Ambros. de Tob. 4. – m. Ang. auf welchem Wege? alci per fenestras gladium, Nep. Dion. 9, 6. – m. Ang. wofür? praemium pro pietate, Cic.: cum praemia mihi tanta pro hac industria sint data, Cic. – m. Ang. als was? durch Acc., dextram fidei suae pig-

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nus, Curt. 8, 12 (43), 10: pabula utilitatis eorum praemia (als B.) causā, Lucr. 5, 867: merces mihi gloria detur, Ov. fast. 3, 389: od. durch Partiz. Fut. Pass., alci librum ad alqm perferendum dare, Cic. ad Att. 2, 1, 1: saepe ferenda dedit blandis sua verba tabellis, gab zu bestellen, Ov. met. 14, 707. – m. Ang. zu welchem Zweck? fruges in (zur) segetem, Acc. tr. 672. Hyg. fab. 2. – quid do m. folg. ne u. Konj., was gäbe ich darum, daß usw., Sen. contr. 9 (3), 26. § 11 u. 12. Insbes.: a) Geschenke od. Mitgift od. als (zum) Geschenk od. zur Mitgift geben, bescheren, überreichen, schenken, dare donum, Ter. u. Cic.: alci dona, Plaut.: dona amicis ceterisque pro cuiusque merito, Curt.: (alci) munus, Verg. u.a.: dotes, Nep.: paulum des crebro, Nov. com. fr.: ut haberet quod statim daret, Nep.: si suum munus qui dedissent (die Geber) adimere vellent, Liv. – m. Ang. als was? alci canem munus (als G.), Ov.: alqd (alci) dotem (als M.), Komik. – mit Ang. zu welchem Zweck? maestas munus in (zu) exsequias, Tibull. 2, 4, 44. – m. Ang. wozu? durch Dat., alci alqd dono, Ter. u. Nep.: muneri alqd, Nep. u. Quint.: doti alci alqd, Nep. – quod praesens tamquam in manus datur iucundius est, Geschenke, die uns gleichsam bar in die Hand gedrückt werden, Cic. de off. 2, 60. – absol., illos qui dant, eos derides, Plaut.: prior ad dandum qui est, Ter. – Partiz. subst., α) dāns, antis, m., der Geber,

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Hor. ep. 2, 1, 246. – β) datum, ī, n., die Gabe, das Geschenk, Sing. bei Augustin. solil. 18, 5 (Liv. 22, 10, 3 Glossem); Plur. bei Plaut. asin. 166 u. Pseud. 306. Ov. met. 6, 463. Prop. 3, 15, 6.

b) den Göttern, Manen od. übh. jmdm. ein Weihgeschenk, Opfer u. dgl. geben, bringen, darbringen, weihen, opfern, α) den Göttern, munera, Ov.: Apollini donum, Nep.: Apollini signa inaurata, Liv.: alci templum, Ov.: alci victimam, porcam, Ov.: alci piaculum porco, Macr.: sacra piaculaque apud lucum Dianae per pontifices, Tac.: more Romano suovetaurilia, Tac.: exta deo, Ov.: exta perperam, Liv.: tus, Ov.: tura, Tibull.: divis tura benignis, Hor.: tura focis vinumque, Ov.: Oceano libamenta, Iustin. – β) den Manen u. Toten, inferias manibus, Ov. u. Suet. (vgl. inferiae): germanae iusta ante suae, Ov. – γ) jmdm.: alci lacrimam od. lacrimas, Ov.: o quantum patriae sanguinis ille dedit! Ov.

c) Briefe usw. jmdm. geben, u. zwar; α) jmdm. (zur Bestellung) geben, einhändigen, mitgeben, litteras od. epistulam alci, Cic.: alci litteras ad alqm, Cic.: datis iam epistulis diem commutare, Cic.: erit cotidie cui des, du wirst ja täglich Gelegenheit finden, Cic. – β) jmdm. geben = an jmd. abgeben, jmdm. einhändigen, alci litteras, Cic.: epistulam accubanti in convivio, Nep. – γ) (v. Briefschreiber) an jmd. geben, senden, absenden, tres epistulae eodem

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abs te datae tempore, Cic.: litteras ex Trebulano a Pontio, Cic.: litteras Trallibus (zu T., von T. aus), Cic.: ut quo dem (wir: wohin ich adressiere) posthac litteras sciam, Cic.: litteras publicas sine subscriptione ad alqm dare, Suet.: ante lucem V III. Kal. litteras ad alqm, Cic.: discedens dabo ad te aliquid, Cic.: data pridie Kal. Decembr., Cic.: datum VI. Id. Ian., Cic.

d) Geld usw. (u. übtr. Strafe) geben, beitragen, zahlen, bezahlen, auszahlen, entrichten, für jmd. od. etw. ausgeben, α) eig.: symbolam, Ter.: aes u. aera, Hor. u. Ov.: pecuniam, Cic.: decies centena huic parco, Hor.: quantum quisque daret, Nep.: huic aliquid paulum prae manu, Ter.: dic, quid vis dari tibi in manum? Ter. – mit Ang. als was? alci magnam pecuniam mutuam, Cic. ad Att. 11, 3, 3: huic salarium (als B.) de nostro privato aerario annuos frumenti modios tria milia, Treb. Poll. Claud. 14, 3. – m. Ang. woher? pecuniam a se, Plaut, trin. 182 (vgl. im folg. aus Monum. Anc.): omnia ex sua re familiari, Nep. Att. 7, 1. – m. Ang. wofür? pecuniam pro praediis a se, Monum. Anc. col. I, 1, 19. p. LXVIII ed. Momms.: quantum pro Caesaris ipse avolsa cervice daret, Lucan. 8, 11: cogitans et in pontibus pro transitu dari, Passierzoll gegeben werde, Sen. de const. sap. 14, 2. – m. Ang. wozu? durch Dat., dare milia terna macello, Hor. sat. 2, 4, 76. – Partiz. subst, data, ōrum, n., die Ausgaben (Ggstz. accepta, die Einnah-

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men), ut par sit ratio acceptorum et datorum, Cic. de amic. 58. – β) übtr., Strafe usw. geben, dare poenas, Str. leiden, bestraft werden (Ggstz. poenas accipere, büßen lassen, bestrafen), Cic. u.a. (s. poena das Nähere): d. damnum, s. damnum: pretium pro noxa, Liv. Andr. fr.: Novio Prisco et Glitio Gallo data exsilia, traf das Los der v., Tac.: daturos quod Lars Tolumnius dedisset responderi iussit. Liv.

e) einen Stoff spenden, liefern, volucres mella daturae, Ov. fast. 5, 271: nec scombris tunicas (Hüllen zum Einpacken) dabis molestas, Mart. 4, 86, 8: u. so et laxas scombris saepe dabunt (Volusi annales) tunicas, Catull. 95, 8: im Bilde, materiam dare invidiae, Cic. Phil. 11, 21: materiam omnem sermonem eorum, qui de te detrahere vellent, Statium dedisse, Cic. ad Q. fr. 1, 2. 3.

f) als publiz. t.t., dem Richter die Stimmtäfelchen einhändigen, an die Richter austeilen, tabellam dare de alqo, Cic.: alci dare in iudicando litteram salutarem od. tristem (ein Stimmtäfelchen mit A = absolvo, od. mit C = condemno), Cic.: tabellae ministrabantur ita, ut nulla daretur UTI ROGAS, Cic.

g) als t.t. des Brettspiels, dare calculum, einen Stein ziehen (Ggstz. reducere, zurückziehen), Cic. Hortens. fr. 60 M. Quint. 11, 2, 88.

h) eine Klageschrift abgeben, einreichen, dare libellum, s. libellus.

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i) (v. Reiter, Wagenlenker) die Zügel schießen lassen (Ggstz. premere), dare lora, Verg.: frena, Ov.: laxas habenas, die Z. verhängen, Verg.

k) Speisen auf die Tafel geben, setzen, aufsetzen, austragen lassen, vorsetzen, partem ceteram (carnium) mensis, Ov.: alci turdum, Hor.: semesi lardi frusta, Hor.: absol., quid dem? quid non dem? renuis tu, quod iubet aster, Hor.: ›sume, catelle‹, negat; si non des, optat, Hor.

l) Nahrung usw. od. zur Nahrung usw. reichen, α) übh., alimenta lactis puero, Ov.: u. (übtr.) ali menta igni, Curt.: de mensa sua ossa, Phaedr. – m. Ang. wozu? durch Dat., alqd esui dare, Plin.: potioni dare aquam, Cels. – m. Infin., dare bibere, Plaut. u. Cato: bibere da usque plenis cantharis, Plaut. – β) Arznei usw. reichen, geben, eingeben, beibringen, pueris absinthia taetra, Lucr.: abrotonum aegro, Hor.: aliquid potionis, Plaut.: alci potionem, Cels. u. Quint., potiones, Scrib.: alci medicamentum, Cels. u.a.: patri soporem, Nep.: alci venenum, Curt. u.a. (vgl. venenum).

m) eine Mahlzeit, Festlichkeit geben, anstellen, veranstalten, alci cenam, Komik., Cic. u.a.: alci epulum, Cic. u.a. (dah. dans epulum, der Gastgeber, Sen.): alci epulas, Tac.: (alci) prandium, Cic. u.a.: nataliciam in hortis, Cic.: exsequias, Ov.: ludos, Suet.: munus (gladiatorium), s. munus: fabulam, zur

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Aufführung bringen, Ter. u. Cic.: so auch Menandri Phasma, Ter.

n) einen Schlag geben, Wunden beibringen (Ggstz. accipere, ferre), dare alci alapam, Vulg., colaphum, Spart.: (alci) vulnus, vulnera, Ov. u.a. (vgl. vulnus).

o) etw. einer Sache übergeben, überlassen, preisgeben, corpus quieti, Acc. fr.: ventis colla comasque, Verg.: undis latus (v. Schiffe), Verg.: boum caesorum membra palato, Ov.: telo pectus inermum, Verg. – bes. vela dare ventis, die Segel den Winden überlassen, preisgeben, Verg. u.a.: ebenso dare classem ventis, Pacat. pan. – u. vela od. lintea dare (die Segel richten) m. Advv. u. dgl., s. velum u. linteum.

p) wohin geben, bringen, legen, tun, werfen, α) m. Advv., scripta foras, herausgeben, Cic. ep.: alqd praeceps (bildl. = in Gefahr bringen, famam), Tac.: retro capillos, Ov.: iugulum retro, Cels.: arida circum nutrimenta, Verg.: d. pessum, s. pessum. – β) m. Dat., bald = auf etw. od. in etw. werfen, vagae arenae ossibus particulam, Hor.: ignibus ista, Prop. – bald = in etw. legen, corpus tumulo, Ov.: urnae ossa, Pers. – bald = etw. an od. um etw. legen, einer Sache anlegen, brachia collo, Verg.: brachia nitidis virginibus, Hor.: alci rei frenos (bildl.), Liv. 34, 2, 13: posti florida serta, Tibull.: septena fila lyrae, Ov.: picta carinae vela (poet. = die Segel aufhissen), Ov. – γ) m.

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Praepp.: αα) m. in od. m. circum od. m. super u. Akk., funera in altos rogos, Ov.: in fluvios gelidos ardentia morbo membra, tauchen, Lucr.: pleraque secum in profundum, stürzen lassen, Curt.: in aurem castoreum cum aceto, Cels.: id in suam sedem, in seine gehörige Lage, Cels.: Tyrias circum illota toralia vestes, breiten um usw., Hor.: alteram fasciam ab altera parte super caput, führen, Cels.: u. so a (von) sinistro (iugulo) ad (bis zu) dextram alam rursusque sub ala sana (unter der gef. A. durch) fasciam d., Cels. – ββ) m. ad u. Akk., ad intortos brachia funes, ausstrecken nach usw., Ov. met. 3, 679.

q) m. prädik. Acc. des Adi. = etw. so u. so geben, stellen, saepe dabis nudum latus, Tibull. 1, 4, 52.

2) ein Zeichen (Kennzeichen, Merkmal) mit der Hand, mit einem Blasinstr. od. sonstwie geben, s. signum, indicium, nota.

3) die Kehle, den Nacken, den Rücken geben, hinreichen, reichen, hinhalten, iugulum (alci), Cic.: alci cervices, Cic.: cervicem ad ictum alcis, Vell.: cervices crudelitati nefariae, bildl. = sich fügen od. schmiegen unter usw., Cic.: terga verberibus, Pacat. pan. 30, 5. – insbes., als milit. t.t. u. übtr., terga dare, den Rücken wenden, fliehen, s. tergum.

4) den Mund, einen Kuß geben, dare (alci) oscula, Ov. (vgl. osculum): alci basium, Petron., basia mille, Catull.: alci savium, Komik, u. Cic.

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B) übtr.: 1) geben, gewähren, verleihen, bestimmen, erweisen, a) übh.: α) im guten Sinne: da, nate, petenti, quod etc., Verg.: quod petis a nobis, obrutus ille dabit, Ov.: dare alci somnum (v. der Arbeit), Ov.: (alci) quietem, Cic. u. Curt.: requiem terrae, Ov.: tres horas exercitui ad quietem, Caes.: alci vitam, Cic.: his lacrimis vitam, schenken, Verg.: dare beneficia (Ggstz. reddere od. accipere), Cic. u. Sall.: merita (Ggstz. accipere), Cic.: alci civitatem (das Bürgerrecht), Vell.: nomen alci, Hor., alci rei, Liv. (vgl. nomen): alci cognomen pingui, Hor.: alci od. facto impunitatem, Iustin.: servis libertatem, Iustin.: honores, Hor.: alci caelestes honores, Curt.: alci od. huic consilio palmam, Cic. u. Ter.: alci pro tantis meritis honoris coronam, Nep.: alci caelum, Ov. u. Curt., aditum ad caelum, Cic.: alci victoriam, s. victoria: hanc gratiam, Ter.: alci multa solacia, Cic.: alci laetitiam, Cic.: soli et lunae divinitatem, Cic.: precibus eventum vestris, Liv.: mobilibus decorem naturis, Hor.: famam rebus, Pacat. pan.: novum his erroribus orbem, Tibull.: alci veniam, s. venia. – datum hoc nostro generi est, ut etc., es ist Bestimmung unseres G., daß usw., Liv. 10, 28, 13. – m. folg. Infin., est cui cognomen corvus habere dedit, Prop. 3, 11, 64: mihi multa vetustas scire dedit, Ov. met. 14, 696: u. so auch Lucan. 6, 775. Pers. 5, 104. – Partiz. subst., dāns, antis, m., der Geber (Ggstz. accipiens, der Empfänger), si

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summa petantur, et dantem et accipientem praegravatura, Liv. 35, 42, 14. – β) im üblen Sinne, jmdm. etw. bescheren, einbrocken, heimgeben (s. Brix Plaut, capt. 463. Lorenz Plaut. Pseud. 151. p. 94, b. Spengel Plaut. truc. 2, 8, 4), observa quid dabo, Plaut.: specta quid dedero, Plaut.: sic datur, da hast du deinen Lohn! Plaut.; od. so wird's gelohnt! da haben wir's! Plaut.

b) insbes.: α) v. den Göttern: quod boni di mihi danunt, Plaut.: dato quae precamur tempore sacro, Hor.: si di dare cuncta potestis, Ov.: hoc tantum boni, quod vobis a dis immortalibus oblatum et datum est, Cic.: d. alci augurium, Ov.: nobis victoriam, Liv.: alci mentem, ut faciat huic insidias, Cic. – m. folg. Infin., di tibi dent captā classem reducere (al. deducere) Troiā, Hor. sat. 2, 3, 191: u. so Lucr. 3, 1028. Verg. Aen. 1, 79 u.ö. Ov. met. 1, 486 u.ö. Plin. ep. 6, 16, 3. – m. folg. ut u. Konj., quod nostrae aetati dii dederunt, ut videremus, Liv. 1, 19, 3: u. so Liv. 1, 54, 5; 30, 12, 12. – m. folg. ne u. Konj., da femina ne sim, Ov. met. 12, 202: u. so ibid. 12, 206.

β) v. Schicksal usw., Cinarae breves annos fata dederunt, Hor.: ea fato quodam data nobis sors est, ut etc., Liv.: principatum fato dari, Suet.: quotiens fortuna contra daret, Tac. – m. folg. Infin., si vivere nobis fata diu dederint, Ov. met. 7, 692: u. so ibid. 14, 843. Sil. 13, 144: v. der Parze, Hor. carm. 2, 16, 39. – m.

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folg. ut u. Konj., quod mihi si tantum fata dedissent, ut etc., Prop. 2, 1, 17: u. so Plin. ep. 8, 18, 5. – absol., si fors dedit, Calp.: sat patriae Priamoque datum est, ist geschehen für usw., Verg.

γ) v. der Natur, verleihen, oculos natura nobis ad motus animorum declarandos dedit, Cic.: illis maiorem natura modum dedit, his breve pondus, Hor.: leges, quae naturā sunt omnibus datae, Quint.: noli affectare quod tibi non est datum, Phaedr.: quod paucis datum est, Plin.: pennis non homini datis, Hor. – m. folg. Infin., varieque datum sit membra movere, Lucr. 4, 875: si modo senescere datum est, Plin. ep. 3, 1, 1; vgl. Hor. ep. 1, 1, 32.

2) ein Geschäft, einen Auftrag, ein Amt usw. jmdm. geben, übergeben, zuteilen, erteilen, übertragen, überweisen, a) ein Geschäft, einen Auftrag, dare alci negotium, s. negotium; alci mandata, s. mandatum. – u. bl. dare alci m. folg. Infin., datum (es wurde der Auftrag gegeben) posthac C. Cassio deducere iuvenem ripam ad Euphratis, Tac. ann. 12, 11. – b) ein Amt usw., dare alci potestatem, imperium, legationem u. dgl., s. potestas usw.: dare alci fasces, Cic. u. Hor.: alci summam imperii, Nep.: alci provinciam, Cic.: alci Cappadociam, Nep.: alci regnum, Eutr.: alci diadema, Curt.

3) einen Ort, eine Zeit usw. jmdm. anweisen, zuweisen, bestimmen, alci sedem inter inferos, Suet.:

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alci locum in theatro, Suet.: alci locum in theatro inter viatores tribunicios, Tac.: eum locum colloquio, Liv.: media acies Ubiis Lingonibusque data, Tac.: mille pedes in fronte, trecentos in agrum, Hor.: requiem modumque voce remis, gebieten, Ov.: detur nobis locus, hora, custodes, Hor.: nuptiis hanc diem, Pacuv. fr.: relicum noctis utrimque quieti datum, Liv.

4) etw. bieten, α) darbieten, praeclare convenit, aut da melius, Cic.: accipio quod datur, Cic. – β) anheimgeben, ultionem privato odio magis quam publicae vindictae, Vell. 2, 7, 6.

5) Zeit, Studium usw. einer Sache widmen, auf etw. verwenden, α) m. Dat.: corpori omne tempus, Cic.: agris tempus, Pacat. pan.: lucis partem ultimam mensae, Ov.: noctem somno, Ov.: prima tempora illis, Ov.: aestivos menses reliquos rei militari, hibernos iurisdictioni, Cic.: reliquam partem diei tribunali, Plin. ep.: studiis annos septem. Hor.: iis artibus a primis temporibus aetatis studium suum, Cic.: ingenium illustre altioribus studiis, Tac.: u. insbes., operam dare m. Dat. (wem?), s. opera. – β) m. ad od. in u. Akk., aliquid temporis ad ludum aetatis, Cic.: plus in hoc studii, Quint.

6) einräumen = zugeben, zugestehen, das Zugeständnis machen, willfahren, nachlassen, a) übh.: id gratiae, Liv.: id misericordiae, Cic.: id precibus Artabani, Tac.: hoc precibus meis, Curt.: consanguinitati

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hoc, ut etc., Liv.: aliquid famae, Hor.: multa famae, Sen.: quantum autem consuetudini famaeque dandum sit, id curent vivi, Cic.: nihil neque gratiae dari neque de iure patriae decīdi posse, Iustin.: m. folg. ut u. Konj., dabat et famae (auch der öffentlichen Meinung tat er es zuliebe), ut etc., Tac. ann. 1, 7. – b) als philos t.t., einräumen, zugeben, zugestehen, si das hoc, Hor.: da supremum tempus, nimm das äußerste Lebensziel an, Cic.: id quoque damus et libenter quidem, Cic.: quem tibi hoc daturum putas? Cic.: quae dederam supra relego (nehme ich zurück), Pers. – m. folg. Acc. u. Infin., Cic. Acad. 2, 50; de fin. 2, 86; Verr. 3, 218. Lucr. 3, 539. Hor. sat. 1, 4, 39. – m. folg. ut u. Konj., da nunc, ut crimine manifesto prematur dux bonus, Quint. 12, 1, 43. – c) als publiz. t.t., v. Behörden, bewilligen, zugestehen, überlassen, gewähren, anordnen, dare alci senatum, Sall. u.a.: alci contionem, Cic.: iudicium iniuriarum, actionem rei, Cic.: alci pacem, Liv. u.a.: foedus et amicitiam, Sall.: alci indutias, Liv. (s. indutiae das Nähere). – bes. v. Prätor, dessen Vefugnis ist do (ich gewähre, näml. Klagen, Rechte), dico (ich spreche, näml. das Urteil), addico (ich spreche zu, näml. das Eigentum), Varro LL. 6, 30. Macr. sat. 1, 16, 14. – d) obszön, leisten, quod nec das et fers saepe, facis facinus, Catull. 110, 4: quando notum est, et quid ille tibi et quid illi tute dederis, Cic. fr. bei Suet. Caes.

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49, 3: absol., nulla est poscendi, nulla est reverentia dandi, Prop. 3, 13, 13.

7) einräumen = gestatten, zugestehen, bewilligen, überlassen, lassen, dare locum, spatium, viam, aditum, accessum, ascensum u. dgl., dare otium, tempus u. dgl., dare copiam, potestatem, facultatem, occasionem, optionem u. dgl., dare usum, usuram, s. alle diese Substst. – dah. dare m. Infin., da mihi fallere, Hor. ep. 1, 16, 61: u. so Iuven. 14, 30. Amm. 16, 12, 11. – dare (alci) m. ut u. Konj., Cic. Acad. 1, 24; ad Att. 14, 13. litt. A. § 3. Liv. 41, 8, 9. Tac. ann. 3, 69. – m. bl. Konj., Orest. tr. 15. – u. datur, es wird od. ist verstattet, erlaubt, man darf, man kann, m. Infin., Verg. Aen. 1, 409. (u.a. Dichter). Quint. 10, 7, 22. Plin. ep. 1, 10, 5. Tac. ann. 3, 67: m. folg. ut u. Konj., Tac. ann. 2, 53 u.a.: m. folg. ne u. Konj., Tac. ann. 3, 23. – absol., coëant in foedera dextrae, quā datur, Verg.: in quantum praeumbrante imperatoris fastigio datur, clarus, Tac. ann. 14, 47 in.

8) alci m. prädik. Dat. (zu), zu od. als etw. anrechnen, in den Redensarten laudi, vitio, crimini dare od. dari, s. laus, vitium, crimen.

9) einem Zustande aussetzen, preisgeben, überlassen, anheimgeben, dare alqd exitio, Lucr.: summas arces Italûm excidio, Verg.: urbem excidio ac ruinis, Liv.: captum oppidum praedae, Liv.: alia oblivioni aut neglegentiae, Liv. – m. in u. Akk., in praedas

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stantem urbem, Sil. 1, 455.

10) m. in od. ad u. Akk., a) in eine Lage usw. bringen, stellen, alqd in conspectum, zur Schau stellen, Curt.: alqd in medium, der Öffentlichkeit übergeben, verraten, Lucr.: alqd ad populi partes, der Teilnahme des V. eröffnen, Cic. – b) in einen Zustand versetzen, in splendorem bullas has foribus nostris, Plaut. asin. 426.

11) m. prädik. Partiz. Perf. od. Gerundivum, übergeben, darbieten, überlassen, lassen, Caere intactum inviolatumque crimine belli hospitio Vestalium cultisque diis darent, Liv. 7, 20, 7. – d. vineas colendas, Eutr.: diripiendam urbem, Cic.: laceranda suae viscera matri, Ov.: id alci cogitandum, zu bedenken geben, Cic.: tantas res alci scribendas, Cic.: librum ipsi legendum, Nep.: omnia in medium discenda, allen zum Lernen darbieten, Ov.

II) alqm (auch corpus, membra, animum): A) eig.: 1) im allg., geben, überweisen, hanc mi in manum dat, sie legt unsere Hände ineinander, Ter. Andr. 297: alqm dare mancipio, s. mancipium.

2) wohin bringen, infans aliorsum (anderswohin, aus dem Hause) datus, Gell. 12, 1, 22: alqm in hanc domum, Ter. eun. 365: hostem in medium, in die Mitte nehmen, einschließen, Lucan. 7, 366. – od. wohin stecken, m. Dat., catenis fatale monstrum, Hor. carm. 1, 37, 20: mollibus ora capistris, Verg. georg.

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3, 188: m. in u. Akt., alqm in caveam, Plaut. capt. 124. – od. wo hinein tauchen, in fluvios gelidos ardentia morbo membra, Lucr. 6, 1171. – od. wohin strecken, stürzen, maerore dari in lectum, Lucr.: u. dare alqm ad terram, Plaut. u. Suet.: alqm in terram, Lucr.: alqm praecipitem ad terram, Liv.: u. bl. dare alqm praecipitem, zu Falle bringen, Ter., od. aus dem Hause werfen, Ter. (vgl. bildl., postea ambitione praeceps datus est, kam zu Falle, Sall. Iug. 63, 6): eoque ictu me ad casum dari, zum Falle gebracht werden, Acc. fr.

3) jmd. (einem) in irgend einer Eigenschaft geben, a) geben = beigeben, stellen, vatem, Hor.: duos collegas, Nep.: alci uxorem, s. uxor: comites, Curt.: duces itineris de captivis, Curt.: obsides (alci), Caes.: milites, Eutr.: nullum militem dare posse, Liv.: dare arbitrum, Cic.: iudicem, praedem, testem, vadem, s. iudex, praes, testis, vas: alci custodem et paedagogum, Sen.: alci tutorem, Eutr.: alci successorem, Suet.: alqm alci in consilium, Nep.: dabo, cui credas, Tac. – m. dopp. Acc. (jmd. als od. zu usw.), alqm comitem, Curt.: Phrygias catervas comites, Lucr.: alqm arbitrum inter etc., Cic.: libertinum militem, Vell.: obsidem filium, Eutr.: alqm alci coheredem, Suet.: alqm alci successorem, Suet. u. Iustin.: alqm vicarium, Traian. in Plin. ep. – im Passiv m. dopp. Nom., Hadrianus decemvir litibus iudicandis datus, Spart.:

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u. im Abl. absol. m. dopp. Abl., dato adiutore Pharnabazo, Nep. Con. 4, 2. – b) geben, verleihen, übergeben, anvertrauen, alci cognatos (v. der Natur), Hor.: natam od. filiam genero, Verg. u. Ov.: infantem nutrici, Ov.: alqm grammatico, Capit.: u. poet., fidibus divos puerosque deorum, Hor. – m. dopp. Acc. (jmd. als od. zu), alci alqm virum (zum M. = zum Gatten), Ter.: alqm alci socerum, Ov.: nobilem virginem servo suo pelicem, Curt. – m. 1. Supin., dare alqam alci nuptum, eine an jmd. verheiraten, Komik., Nep. u.a. (s. Drak. Liv. 1, 49, 9). – u. alqm alci m. Gerundiv, dilaceranda feris dabor alitibusque, Catull.: datur mihi custodiendus, Afran. fr.: exsulibusne datur ducenda (wird hingegeben, um sie als Frau heimzuführen) Teucris? Verg. – zugl. m. dopp. Acc., equites pignora (als U.) pacis custodiendos Luceriam, Liv. 9, 15, 7.

4) jmdm. geben = über jmd. setzen, an die Spitze stellen von usw., Albanis regem, Eutr.: Orienti Caesarem, Eutr.: principem Romanae rei publicae, Spart. – m. dopp. Acc. (jmd. als od. zu), alqm tribunum quintae legioni, Treb. Poll.: trecentos exsules iudices rectoresque civitati, Iustin.: im Passiv mit dopp. Nom., leviter armatis dux (als A.) datus est Mullinus, Curt. B) übtr.: 1) in ein Verhältnis, eine Lage geben, hingeben, illam sine dote in tantas divitias (in ein so reiches Haus), Plaut.: filiam in sortem, der Losung

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unterwerfen, zum Losen stellen, Suet.: alqm in adoptionem, zur A. entlassen, Quint.: in adoptionem od. in familiam alcis dari, von jmd. adoptiert werden, Vell.: alqm aut vivum aut mortuum in potestatem, Liv.: alqam in matrimonium, zur Frau geben od. geben wollen (anbieten), Caes. u. Liv.: alqm in omnem memoriam, dem ewigen G. übergeben, Sen.

2) jmd. in eine schlimme Lage bringen, alqm in praeceps (Gefahr), Liv.

3) jmd. in einen andern äußern od. innern Zustand versetzen (s. Brix Plaut. capt. 959), alqm in ruborem dare totum, Plaut.: alqm in timorem, Plaut.: animum in luctus, in Tr. versenken, Ov.: alqm ad languorem, Komik.

4) jmd. einem Zustande überlassen, placido sua corpora somno, Ov. met. 6, 489: caput et ceterum truncum sepulturae, begraben, Suet. Galb. 20, 2.

5) jmd. einem Zustande aussetzen, preisgeben, im Passiv = anheimfallen, alqm tormentis, Capit.: alqm exitio, Lucr. u. Ov.: alqm morti, Hor.: catervatim morbo mortique dari, Lucr.: alqm neci, Acc. fr. u. Verg.: alqm leto, Enn. fr., Pacuv. fr., Ov. u.a. ( leto datus auch Cic. de legg. 2, 22 im archaist. Gesetzstil): fortia corpora leto, Verg. – m. ad u. Akk., alqm ad iniurias alcis, Cic.

6) jmd. in einen Zustand nötigen, hostes in fugam, zur Fl. nötigen, in die Fl. schlagen, Caes.: Sestum

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incolentes in deditionem, zur Üb. zwingen, Liv.

III) dare se (u. im Passiv dari), v. Pers.u.v. Lebl., A) eig.: 1) sich in den Bereich jmds. od. einer Örtl. begeben, sich jmdm. od. wo zeigen, det mihi se, käme er nur in meinen Bereich, mir zu nahe, Ov. met. 12, 12, 594: mi ipsum iam dudum optabam te dari, daß ich dich antreffe, Ter. heaut. 758: dare populo se et coronae, Cic. Verr. 3, 49: da te urbi, da te curiae, zeige dich in der St., zeige dich in der K., Vopisc. Florian. 16 (6), 5: non aequo dare se campo, sich nicht in das Blachfeld wagen, sich nicht zum Kampfe stellen, Verg. Aen. 9, 56: spumantem dari votis optat aprum, in seinen Jagdbereich komme, anlaufe, Verg. Aen. 4, 158. – mit in u. Akk., se in medias acies, mitten hinein in das Heer treten, Verg. Aen. 12, 227. – m. prädik. Acc., da mihi te talem, zeige dich (erscheine mir) als solcher, Ov. met. 3, 295.

2) sich dem Feinde ergeben, dare se ultro, Amm. 15, 2, 60: sponte se propriā, Amm. 17, 2, 3.

3) sich wohin begeben, werfen, stürzen, m. Advv., se intro, Cic. Caecin. 13: se super (sc. in ignem), Verg. Aen. 4, 606: exinde se ilico protenam, Plaut. Curc. 363: dari alci obviam, begegnen, Ter. adelph. 311: v. Lebl., hāc se foras, Lucr. 1, 1105 (1113). – m. Dat., pedibus se protinam, sich auf die Beine machen (Fersengeld geben), Naev. com. 35. – sese fluvio, Verg. Aen. 11, 565: u. (im Bilde) se civi-

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libus fluctibus, Nep. Att. 6, 1. – m. Praepp., sese in pedes, sich auf die Beine machen (Fersengeld geben), Plaut.: se in viam, Cic.: e scopulo se in pontum, Ov.: se iactu aequor in altum, Verg.: v. Lebl., dabit se in tormenta vita beata, wird mit auf die Folter gehen, Cic. Tusc. 5, 80. – zugl. m. prädik. Nom. od. Acc., praeceps saltu sese dedit in fluvium, Verg.: semet ipsi in pelagus ex certa rupe praecipites dant, Mela: quo nunc me praecipitem darem, Ter.: hic se praecipitem tecto dedit, Hor.: dare se (alci) obvium, jmdm. entgegenkommen, -treten, Liv. 1, 16, 6, u. in den Wurf kommen = einfallen (v. Versen), Macr. 5, 3, 1: u. so (v. leb. Wesen) obvium dari, entgegen-, in den Wurf kommen, Liv. 26, 27, 12.

4) sich einer Sache hingeben, α) tätig, v. Pers., an etw. teilnehmen, dare se convivio, Suet. Caes. 31: se haec in bella, Verg. Aen. 12, 633. – β) passiv, v. Schiffen, vento dare se, vor dem W. fahren, Caes. b.G. 3, 13, 9.

B) übtr.: dare se, 1) sich fügen, sich hingeben, da modo te, Ov. her. 15, 57 R. (16, 161): dent modo se superi, seien mir gnädig, Sil. 3, 150: si se dant, wenn sie sich fügen, d.i. empfänglich sind, Cic. de or. 2, 187.

2) sich zeigen, sich finden, sich darbieten, sich einstellen, v. Lebl., quocumque tempore se dabunt vires, Verg. Aen. 4, 627: an nesciebas, quam eius

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modi homini raro tempus se daret? sich die Gelegenheit uns bietet, Plaut. Bacch. 676: uni se ex Sabinis fors dare visa est privato consilio imperii recuperandi, Liv. 1, 45, 3.

3) sich jmdm. hingeben, ergeben, sich an jmd. anschließen, jmdm. zu Willen sein, sich in jmds. Willen fügen, se alci, Komik., Cic. u.a.: se regibus, Cic.: se legionibus, Tac. – m. prädik. Acc. des Gerundiv, demus nos huic excolendos (zur Ausbildung), Cic. Tusc. 4, 84. 4) sich einer Lage, einem Zustande hingeben, überlassen, dare se somno, Cic.: se quieti, Caes. u. Plin. ep.: iterum se quieti et somno, Val. Max. (dah. im Passiv quieti datus, eingeschlummert, Arnob. 2, 21): se fugae, sich auf die Fl. begeben, Cic.: se gemitui, Cic. – m. in u. Akk., sese in fugam, Fersengeld geben, Cic. Verr. 4, 95: se in casum irrevocabilem, Liv.: se rempublicamque in casus, Tac. – m. ad u. Akt., se ad lenitatem, Milde eintreten lassen, Cic. ep. 13, 1, 4.

5) sich in etw., bes. in ein Verhältnis einlassen, in etw. eintreten, treten, dare se in sermonem, Comic. fr. bei Cic.: familiariter se in eorum sermonem insinuare ac dare, Cic.: dare se in consuetudinem sic, ut etc., Cic.: bene penitus in istius familiaritatem sese dare, Cic.: u. dare alci se in adoptionem, sich von jmd. adoptieren lassen, Suet.

6) sich einer Sache ergeben, hingeben, widmen,

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sich an etw. machen, sich auf etw. legen, α) m. Dat., se labori et itineribus, Cic.: se duritiae, Nep.: se rei familiari vitaeque rusticae, Cic.: se voluptatibus, Turpil. fr. u. Cic.: se iucunditati, Cic.: se historiae, Cic.: se philosophiae, Capit.: se huic generi litterarum, Cic.: se auctoritati senatus, das A. des S. zu sördern suchen, Cic.: mit prädik. Acc. eines Adi., se totos libidinibus, Cic. Tusc. 1, 72: des Gerundivi, non se luxu neque inertiae corrumpendum dare, Sall. Iug. 6, 1. – β) m. in u. Akk., in eam exercitationem ita se studiose, ut etc., Cic. Tusc. 1, 7. – γ) m. ad u. Akk., se ad συντάξεις, Cic. ad Att. 15, 14, 1. – bes. m. ad u. Akk. des Gerundii u. Gerundivi, se ad docendum, Cic.: se ad ius respondendum, Cic.: se ad defendendos homines, Cic.: se non modo ad legendos libros, sed etiam ad totam philosophiam pertractandam, Cic.

7) dare se m. prädik. Acc., α) eines Subst., sich hergeben zu usw., temeritatis me omnium potius socium (zum G.) quam unius prudentiae dedi, Liv. 6, 24, 9. – β) eines Adi., sich so u. so zeigen, dare se facilem, Ter.: se alci hilarum, Plaut.: se alci placidum, Ov.

8) dare se m. Adv., a) v. Pers., sich so u. so geben, -halten, -benehmen, mirum ni ego me turpiter hodie hic dabo, mich blamiere, Ter. eun. 230: usque quaque, inquis, se Domitii male dant, bringen uns Unglück, Cael. in Cic. ep. 8, 15, 2. – b) v. Lebl., sich

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so u. so machen, sich so u. so gestalten, ut se initia dederint perscribat, Cic. ad Att. 3, 23, 5: omnibus nobis ut res dant sese, ita etc., Ter. Hec. 380: ita dat se res, ut operam dabit, Enn. fr. scen. 269: eaque ferme se dedēre melius consultoribus quam etc., *Afran. com. 332: multa adeo gelidā melius se nocte dedēre, macht sich (wird getan) vorteilhafter, Verg. georg. 1, 287: omnibus feliciter hic locus se dedit, kam glücklich zustatten, Sen. ep. 79, 5: negotia ingentia nec se dant facile et etc., Sen. de ira 3, 7, 1.

II) von sich geben, A) eig.: 1) aus sich hervorgeben, castum cruorem, vergießen, Ov.: u. so lacrimas, Tr. vergießen, weinen, Ov.: ore colores, strahlen lassen, Verg.: v. Lebl., ara dabat fumos, ließ aufsteigen, Ov.

2) Töne od. Worte von sich geben, a) Töne von sich geben, hören-, verlauten-, vernehmen lassen, sonum, Verg.: sonitum, Lucr. u. Ov.: fragorem, Ov.: balatus, Hyg.; mugitum, mugitus, Ov.: plausum, Cic. u. Hor.: clamorem, Verg.: cantus, Verg.: Phrygios modos, Ov.: gemitum u. gemitus, Ov.: sibila vibratā linguā, Ov.: felices cantus ore sonante, Tibull.

b) Worte von sich geben, hören-, vernehmen lassen, lingua vix tales icto dedit aëre voces, hauchte kaum hörbar solcherlei Worte, Ov.: talia dicta dabat (dedit), er ließ sich also vernehmen, Verg. u. Ov.: u. so haec dicta dabat, Liv.

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3) in Worten von sich geben, a) angeben, anzeigen, mitteilen, nennen, sagen, berichten, erzählen, ipsa quod res dedit ac docuit nos, Lucr.: cum auctoribus hoc dedi, quibus dignius credi est, Liv.: unum da mihi ex oratoribus illis, qui dicat etc., Cic. – m. dopp. Acc., qualem te fama dabat videmus, Val. Flacc. 5, 506. – m. folg. inoir. Fragesatz, da, si grave non est, quae prima iratum ventrem placaverit esca, Hor.: sed tamen iste qui deus sit, da nobis, Verg.: da, dea, quem sciter, Ov.: nunc quam ob rem has partes didicerim, paucis dabo, Ter.: immo etiam dabo, quo (damit du) magis credas, Ter.: m. Acc. u. mit indir. Fragesatz, dabis igitur tribunatum (das Jahr des Tr.) et, si poteris, Tubulus quo crimine (sc. accusatus fuerit), Cic. ad Att. 12, 5, 3. – datur mit folg. Nom. u. Infin., Aeneas eripuisse datur, Ov. fast. 6, 434 M. (Riese ferunt): quis tot templa, tot aras promeruisse datur, Stat. silv. 3, 3, 80; u. so auch Stat. Theb. 7, 315; 11, 572. Claud. rapt. Pros. 3, 337.

b) mündlich verbreiten, hic primo sensim temptantium animos sermo per totam civitatem est datus, Liv. 2, 2, 4: sceleris data fama per urbes finitimas, Stat. Theb. 3, 10: inde dato passim varias rumore per urbes, Stat. Ach. 2, 352.

c) mündlich geben, erteilen, lehren, dare alci consilium, Ter., Cic. u.a. (s. consilium no. II, b, S. 1531): dare (alci) responsum, Cic., Hor. u.a.: dare

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(alci) praecepta, Cic. u.a. (s. praeceptum das Nähere): alci haec promissa, Catull.: dare testimonium, s. testimonium: dare legem, leges, s. lex: dare ius, iura, s. ius: alci fidem, s. fides (= Wort, Versprechen, sicheres Geleit; versch. alci rei fidem dare, Glauben verschaffen, bestätigen, s. fides = Glaubwürdigkeit). – dah. als t.t., α) ein Orakel, eine Weissagung geben, abgeben, erteilen, sortem, Ov. u. Suet.: oracula, Spart.: data dictio erat, caveret etc., Liv.: prägn., data fata, das (durch das Orakel) verheißene Geschick, Verg. Aen. 1, 382. – β) als jurist. t.t., dare alci diem, Frist geben, Plin. ep. 3, 9, 32. – dare litem secundum alqm, den Prozeß zugunsten jmds. entscheiden, Cic. u. Liv.: u. so bl. dare secundum alqm, zugunsten jmds. entscheiden, Sen. rhet. u.a. – γ) als geschäftl. t.t., dare rationem, Rechnung ablegen, Plaut. u. Cic.: übtr., dare rationem alcis rei, von etwas Rechenschaft geben, Plaut. u. Cornif. rhet.

d) als milit. u. publiz. t.t., anmelden, melden, nomen dare, sich melden, v. Soldaten zum Kriegsdienst, Cic. u.a., von neuen Kolonisten, Plaut, u. Liv., u. zu andern Diensten, Tac. (s. nomen das Nähere).

4) schaffend hervorbringen, a) erzeugen, α) v. leb. Wesen, αα) leb. Wesen: geminam partu prolem, Verg.: fetus, Tibull.: liberos, Catull.: progeniem vitiosiorem, Hor.: Augustos multos de se daturum, Treb.

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Poll. – ββ) lebl. Objj., entstehen lassen, non fumum ex fulgore, sed ex fumo lucem, Hor. de art. poët. 143. – β) v. Lebl., hervorbringen, erzeugen, entstehen lassen, aus sich liefern, quod sol atque imbres dederant, Lucr.: tellus dedit ferarum ingentia corpora partu, Lucr.: terra fabas tantum duraque farra dabat, Ov.: cum segetes occat tibi mox frumenta daturas, Hor.: quercus singulos ramos a frutice dedit (trieb), Suet.

b) machen, bilden, α) im engern Sinne: cuneum, Verg.: sinum in medio, Liv.: gremium (v. der Erde), Mela: locum, Platz machen (Raum geben), Ov.: viam, einen Weg bahnen, Platz machen, Plaut., alci, Liv. u. Curt. – β) im weitern Sinne, umschreibend, αα) m. Objj., die den Begriff einer Bewegung enthalten, machen, tun, si quid proprio dat corpore motus, Lucr.: nullos audet dare corpore motus, wagt nicht sich zu rühren, Ov.: haud indecoros motus more Tusco dabant, Liv.: longos dat corpore tortus, krümmt sich in langen Windungen, Verg.: amplexus od. complexus d., umarmen, auch alci (jmd.), Ov.: dare saltum, Ov., dare undique saltus, Ov., in aëra saltus, Ov.: dare fugam, die Flucht ergreifen, Verg.: cursum in medios, eilen, stürmen, Verg.: impetum, Liv., impetum od. impetus in alqm, Liv.: impressionem, Liv. – ββ) m. Partiz. Perf. (f. Brix Plaut. capt. 342. Spengel Ter. Andr. 683), alqd effectum dare, Plaut.:

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perfectum hoc negotium, Plaut.: iam hoc tibi inventum dabo, Ter.: sic stratas legiones Latinorum dabo, quemadmodum etc., will so niederstrecken, Liv. 8, 6, 6: te mea dextra bello defensum dabit, wird dir Schutz gewähren im Kr., Verg. Aen. 12, 437: hanc mactatam victimam legatorum manibus dabo, will ich fällen als Sühnopfer für usw., Liv. 4, 19, 3. – γγ) m. Gerundiv, ego mecum hostium legiones mactandas Telluri et diis manibus dabo, will zum Sühnopfer für die T. usw. machen, Liv. 10, 28, 13. – δδ) m. prädik. Adi., anni multi me dubiam danunt, Plaut. Epid. 544: cautumque dabant exempla sequentem, Claud. IV. cons. Hon. 77. – alterum geminata victoria ferocem in certamen tertium dabat, Liv. 1, 25, 11.

B) übtr.: 1) von sich geben, ablegen, geben, documentum dare m. folg. Akk. u. Infin., Liv.: documenta dare m. folg. indir. Fragesatz, Cic. u. Liv.: documenta sui dare, Curt.. legis in se documenta dare, Iustin.: u. so dare exemplum, ex-perimenfcum, specimen, w.s. – 2) geben, schaffen, verschaffen, beibringen, einflößen, animos (Mut), Ov.: spiritus, Liv.: vires, s. vis: spem, s. spes: suspicionem, s. suspicio: eo sibi minus dubitationis dari, quod etc., er könne sich um so weniger bedenken, sei vollkommen entschieden, Caes. – 3) bringen, bereiten, machen, verursachen, veranlassen, alci tussim, Catull.: risus, risus iocosque, Stoff geben zu usw., Hor.: sonitum,

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ein Geräusch erregen, Verg.: alci somnum, Hor.: alci curas, Cornif. rhet.: damnum, malum, ruinam, stragem u. dgl., w.s.: funera, Verg.: alci dolorem, Cic.: proelio od. bello finem, ein Ende machen, Eutr.: finem animae, ein Ende bereiten, Iuven..: causam bello, Veranlassung zum Kr. geben, Eutr. – 4) machen, bewirken, m. Infin., dat posse moveri, Ov. met. 11, 177: sed haec vetusta dent recordari, quemadmodum etc., Mamert. pan. Iulian. 19, 3.

⇒ Nbf. dano, ere, wov. danunt, Naev. b. Pun. 4. fr. 4. Plaut, capt. 819 u.ö. Caecil. com. 176. Corp. inscr. Lat. 1, 1175; vgl. Paul. ex Fest. 68, 12. Non. 97, 14. – Archaist. Konj. Präs. duas, duat, Plaut. – archaist. Konj. Präs. duim, duis, duit, duint, Trag. u. Comic. vett., Cato u.a.; vgl. Neue-Wagener Formenl.³ Bd. 3. S. 311 u. 312 u. Georges Lexik. d. lat. Wortf. S. 224 u. 225 u. (für Terenz) Spengel Ter. Andr. 666. – Archaist. Imperat. duitor, XII tabb. bei Plin. 21, 7 D. (wo Schöll XII tabb. X, 7 arduitur). – Synkop. Formen dan = dasne, Plaut. asin. 671 u. truc. 373: datin = datisne. Plaut. Curc. 311; truc. 631: dabin = dabisne, Plaut. Bacch. 883; Pseud. 536 u. 1078. – Apokop. Form dedistin = dedistine, Plaut. Curc. 345; trin. 127 u. 129 – Archaist. Infin. Präs. Pass. darei, Corp. inscr. Lat. 1, 205 sq. u.ö. – Parag. Infin. Präs. Pass. darier, Lex vet. bei Fest. 189 (a), 14. – Nach Diom. 379, 25 ist. Pers. Präs. Pass. dor

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selten, nach Macr. de diff. 23, 8 gar nicht gebräuchlich.

Ausführliches Lateinisch-deutsches Handwörterbuch > do

60 in

1. in, Praepos. mit Acc. = είς, u. mit Abl. = εν in, I) mit Acc. = in das Innere eines Raumes (sei es eine Tiefe od. Fläche) hinein (Ggstz. ad, das nur die Annäherung eines Gegenstandes bezeichnet), in, auf, nach, gegen, A) im Raume (als Tiefe od. Fläche): 1) zur Angabe der Bewegung: ad urbem vel potius in urbem exercitum adducere, Cic.: deus ad homines venit, immo, quod propius est, in homines, Sen.: in umeros suos efferre, Cic.: in aram confugere, auf den A. (auf die Stufen des A.), Nep.: mittere in Asiam, Nep. – eine Menge als Raum gedacht, se in medios hostes immittere, Cic.

2) (wie είς) zur Angabe der Richtung = hin... zu, nach... hin, nach, wärts, conspicere sursum in caelum, Plaut.: in orientem, Tac.: – in agrum, s. ager no. I, d u. e. – in latus, seitwärts, Cels. u. Quint.: in dextrum, in sinistrum (laevum), rechts, links, Cels., Stat. u.a. – in ventum, windwärts, Lucan. – dah. in... versus = nach... hin, wärts (zur genauern Bestimmung der Richtung), in Galliam versus, Sall.: in Italiam versus, Serv. in Cic. ep.: in meridiem versus, Curt.

B) in der Zeit: 1) zur Angabe der Zeit, bis in die hinein sich etw. erstreckt = in... hinein, bis in... hinein, dormire in lucem (Tag), Hor.: dicere in noctem, Plin. ep.: boves pariunt in decem annos, Col.: alqd in omne tempus perdidisse, in alle Zeit hinein = für alle

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Zeit, für immer, Cic.

2) zur Angabe des Zeitpunktes, der für etw. od. für den etwas bestimmt ist = für, auf, magistratum creare in annum, Liv. (vgl. Drak. Liv. 4, 55, 6): in multos annos praedicere, Cic.: alqm invitare in posterum diem, Cic.: differre alqd in posterum diem, Cic., in crastinum, Cic. – m. usque = bis auf, wie usque in adventum eius tenuit urbem, Liv. – So insbes., in diem, α) auf einen Tag = auf kurze Zeit, auf heute, Liv. u. Ov.: in diem vivere, nur für den Tag, in den Tag hinein, Cic. u.a. – β) = auf einen bestimmten Tag, Zahlungstermin, fundum emere in diem, Nep. γ) Tag für Tag, täglich, in diem rapto vivere, Liv.: in diem et horam, Hor. δ) (= in diem futurum) fürs künftige, für die Zukunft, in diem istuc est fortasse, quod minaris, Ter.: in diem poenas praesentis fraudis di reservant, Cic. ε) von Tag zu Tag, Plin. 5, 73. – in dies od. in singulos dies, αα) = auf einzelne Tage, von Tag zu Tag (Ggstz. in perpetuum), Cic. u.a. ββ) = mit jedem einzelnen Tage, täglich, Cic. – in horas, stündlich, Hor. – in singulos annos, von Jahr zu Jahr, Jahr für Jahr, Liv. – in tempus, für die Umstände, Cic.: praesens in tempus, Cic. – so auch in futurum, in posterum, in aeternum, in perpetuum, in praesens, s. futurus etc.

C) in andern Verhältnissen: 1) bei Angabe räumlicher Größen zur Bezeichnung der Richtung nach

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irgend einer Dimension = in, in longitudinem (in die od. in der L.) milia passuum CCXL, in latitudinem CLXXX patēre, Caes.: murum in altitudinem pedum sedecim fossamque perducit, Caes.; vgl. Drak. Liv. 38, 59, 6.

2) zur Angabe des Übergangs aus einem in das andere (in eine andere Gestalt, einen andern Zustand usw.) = in, mutare in alqm od. alqd, s. muto: in sollicitudinem versa fiducia est, Curt.

3) zur Bezeichnung der Teile, auf die sich eine Einteilung erstreckt, in die sie das Ganze zerlegt = in, Gallia est omnis divisa in partes tres, Caes.: in duodecim menses describere annum, Cic. – ebenso bei Verteilung zur Bezeichnung der einzelnen, denen etwas zugeteilt wird = auf, describere censores binos in singulas civitates, zwei Z. auf jeden einzelnen St., Cic.: sextantes conferuntur in capita, auf den K. (Mann), kopfweise, Liv.: quaternos denarios in singulas vini amphoras portorii nomine exigere, Liv.: frumentum assibus in modios aestimatum, Liv.

4) zur Angabe der Bestimmung, des Endzwecks, wozu etwas dienen soll od. geschieht = zu, für, behufs, nullam pecuniam Gabinio, nisi in rem militarem datam, Cic.: alqo mitti in praesidium (zur Besatzung), Liv.: in supplementum classis dari, Liv.: alqm in id certamen legere, Liv.: in spem genitus, auf die Hoffnung hin, Curt.: in spem victoriae, Curt.: prae-

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cepta dare in alqd (in Beziehung auf etwas), Cic.: in haec obsides accepti, dafür, deshalb, Cic.; vgl. unten nach no. 6 die Anmerkg. ⇒ a. E. – dah. auch zur Bezeichnung des beabsichtigten od. unbeabsichtigten Erfolgs einer Handlung = zu, wegen (klass. alcis rei causā), cibo in vitam, non in voluptatem uti, Vell.: turres in propugnaculum villae subiectae, Sen.: in hoc, Hor., Ov., Vell. u.a.; vgl. die Beispielsammlung Madvigs in dessen Opusc. I. p. 167 (nach dem Cic. Clu. 188 in familiae luctum atque in privignorum funus nupsit = in lugentem [morte filiorum] familiam innupsit).

5) zur Angabe des Angemessenen, der Beschaffenheit, der Art u. Weise des Geschehens, a) = gemäß, in rem esse, dem Interesse gemäß, sachgemäß sein, Komik., Sall. u.a. (s. die Auslgg. zu Liv. 22, 3, 2 u. zu Sall. Cat. 20, 1). – tradere regnum in fidem alcis, seinem Worte gemäß = auf sein Wort, Sall. – b) = auf, nach, vaticinantis in modum, Liv.: hostilem in modum, Liv.: praeclara classis in speciem, Cic. – in eandem sententiam loqui, Cic.: iudicium accipere in ea ipsa verba, quae Naevius edebat, Cic.: foedus in haec verba fere conscriptum, Liv.: iurare in verba alcis, auf die W., Hor. u.a. – in plumam, nach Art der F., wie die F., Verg.: in barbarum, nach Art eines B., wie ein B., Tac. (vgl. Oudend. Apul. met. 3, 10. p. 191. Hildebr. Apul. met. 6, 29. p.

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504). – so auch in universum, im ganzen, im allgemeinen, Liv.: in vicem, Cic. u. Caes., od. in vices, Ov., wechselweise.

6) zur Bezeichnung des Gegenstandes (gleichs. des Ortes), auf den Handlungen od. Gemütsstimmungen, freundliche od. feindliche, gerichtet sind = gegen, a) Handlungen: alqm in os laudare, ins Gesicht loben (κατὰ στόμα επαινειν), Ter. – de servis quaerere in dominos, Cic.: in consules designatos legem decernere, Cic.: carmen scribere in alqm, gegen od. auf jmd., Nep. – b) Gemütsstimmungen: bono animo esse in alqm, Caes.: impietas in deos, Cic.: amor in patriam, Cic.: munificentia in alqm, Sall.: perindulgens in patrem, acerbe severus in filium, Cic.

⇒ in mit Akk. steht (wie εἰς) zuw. da, wo das Verbum, auf das es sich bezieht, nicht eine Bezeichnung der Richtung wohin? sondern die Angabe des wo? also in mit Abl. zu erfordern scheint; wobei eine Prägnanz der Konstruktion zugrunde liegt, indem sich der Begriff einer Bewegung mit einmischt, wie: alqm in carcerem asservari iubere, in das G. bringen u. dort verwahren lassen, Liv.: in Tusculanum futurum esse, kommen wollen, Cic.: adesse in senatum, in den S. gehen od. zum S. kommen, Cic.: esse (= venisse) in potestatem, gekommen sein, Cic. u.a.: ebenso habere in potestatem, bekommen haben, Sall. u.a. (vgl. Drak. Liv. 2, 14, 4): alci esse in mentem, in die

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Gedanken kommen, einfallen, Plaut.: alci in conspectum esse, Suet. u. dgl. – Als Acc. der Bestimmung, des Endzwecks (s. oben no. C, 4) sind aber zu erklären: Galliam retinere in senatus populique Romani potestatem, Cic.: ferri lecticulā ut in funebrem pompam, Tac.: in medium relinquere, unentschieden lassen, Tac.: probari in vulgus, in vulgus gratum esse, in vulgus ignotus, beim V., Cic.: res esse in vadimonium coepit, es kam zum Bürgenstellen, Cic.

II) mit Abl. = εν, zur Bezeichnung des Seins in einem Raume, im Innern einer Sache (wobei das Innere nicht bloß als das einer Tiefe, sondern auch als das einer Fläche [das, was innerhalb des Umfangs derselben ist] zu denken), A) im Raume: 1) im allg., in, an, auf, esse in Sicilia, Cic.: dicere in senatu, Cic.: coronam habere unam in capite (auf dem K.), alteram in collo (an dem H.), Cic.: sedere in solio, Cic.: navigare in Italia, an J., an der Küste von I., Cic.: castra in limite locat, an dem Grenzwall, Tac. – zuw. = vor, unter, in oculis esse, vor Augen sein (bildl.), Cic.: in manibus habere (eig. u. bildl., s. manus), Cic.

2) (wie εν) von dem Umgebensein von-, Stecken usw. in einer Kleidung = in, mit, esse in veste domestica, Ov.: in lugubri veste, Curt.: in crepidis, Suet.: in Persico et vulgari habitu, Curt.: formari in cornibus, Ov. – in Waffen, in, mit, unter, patriis ad Troiam missus in armis, Verg.: horridus in iaculis,

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Verg.: excubare in armis, Caes. – in Fesseln u. Banden = in, in vinculis et catenis esse, Liv.

B) in der Zeit: 1) zur Angabe der Zeit, a) im Verlaufe od. während deren etwas geschieht = im Verlaufe, innerhalb, während, in multis annis, Nep.: in omni aetate, in extremo tempore aetatis, Cic.: in sex mensibus, Cic.: in diebus paucis, Ter.: ter in mense, ter in anno, Varro u. Cic.: in pueritia od. adulescentia, Nep. u. Suet. – so auch bei uneig. Zeitbestimmungen, in bello, Cic.: in pace et per indutias, Sall.: semel in vita, Cic.: in itinere, Caes.: in qua potestate (während welches Amtes) Pheras cepit, Nep. – dah. b) auch beim Abl. des Gerundium u. der Gerundiva, um den Begriff der Zeitdauer auszudrücken = bei, während, in deliberando, bei der Überlegung, Cic.: in quaerendis suis, beim Suchen der S., Caes.

2) zur Angabe eines Zeitpunktes (bes. eines entscheidenden), einer Zeitlage, der Zeitumstände, a) übh.: nolo me videat hoc in tempore, gerade jetzt, Ter.: in tali tempore, Liv. – in eo est, ut etc., es ist auf dem Punkte, daß usw., Liv. u. Nep. – b) insbes., in tempore (= εν καιρω), zu rechter Zeit, Ter. u. Liv.: so auch in ipso tempore, Ter.

C) in andern Verhältnissen: 1) zur Angabe von Umständen, Verhältnissen u. Zuständen, in denen sich etwas befindet od. unter denen etw. geschieht = in, bei, unter, in hac solitudine careo omni-

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um colloquio, Cic.: in vino (beim Weintrinken) immodicum esse, Ter.: in tanta paupertate decessit, ut etc., Nep.: magno in aere alieno (bei = ungeachtet) maiores etiam possessiones habent, Cic. – u. zur Bezeichnung von Pers. od. Sachen, auf deren Zustand od. Verhältnisse sich etwas bezieht = bei, in betreff, hinsichtlich, in hoc homine non accipio excusationem, Cic.: ausurum se in tribunis, quod princeps familiae ausus in regibus esset, Liv.: idem in bono servo dici solet, Cic. – in una urbe (indem ihr eine Stadt erobert) universam ceperitis Italiam, Liv. 26, 43, 3. – u. (im Briefstil u. Dialog) ohne Beziehung auf das Verbum des Hauptsatzes, in reliquis officiis (hinsichtlich der usw.), cui tu tribuisti praeter me, ut domum ventitares? Cic.

2) mit Abl. eines Verbalsubstantivs od. Adjektivs, um die Tätigkeit od. den Zustand anzuzeigen, in dem etwas ist = in, in motu esse, Cic.: in maximis esse luctibus, Cic.: in integro tota res est, Cic.: moderatio in difficili est, Liv.; u. so in facili, in promiscuo, in obscuro u. dgl., s. facilis etc.

3) zur Bezeichnung des Objekts, in dem sich der Unterricht, die Bildung zeigt = in, an, erudire in iure civili, Cic.: in bonis litteris educatus, Cic.: exercere mentem in alqa re, Cic.

4) bei esse u. inesse, um die Pers. od. Sache, in der etwas ist od. der etwas gehört, zu bezeichnen =

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in, quanta auctoritas fuit in Metello, Cic.: haec est societas, in qua omnia insunt, Cic.: quibus in rebus ipsi interesse non possumus, Cic.

5) zur Angabe einer Klasse od. Anzahl von Gegenständen, zu der etwas gehört = unter, Pausanias ceperat complures Persarum nobiles atque in his nonnullos regis propinquos, Nep.: u. so oft in his bei Caes. u.a.: in quibus Catilina, Sall.: in Epaminondae virtutibus commemoratur saltasse eum commode, Nep.

⇒ Zuw. steht in mit Abl. da, wo man im Deutschen in mit Akk. erwartet u. im Lateinischen auch oft setzt, wie: introrumpere in aedibus, einbrechen im H. = in das H., Plaut.: infundere in naribus, Colum. – ebenso übtr., gratum esse in alqo, bei = gegen jmd., Cic.; u. dgl. m. – Die verschiedene Konstruktion der Verba legen, stellen, setzen u.a. s. unter diesen.

⇒ arch. u. vulg. im, Corp. inscr. Lat. 1, 1104 u. 11, 4391. Inscr. christ. (aus Rom) Fabretti 323, 445. – arch. u. vulg. en, Corp. inscr. Lat. 1, 195, 5; 1, 199, 12; 1009. v. 14; 1220. v. 3 (Anthol. Lat. 1274, 3 M.). Corp. inscr. Lat. 8, 8635 (Anthol. Lat. 1274, 14 M.). – arch. endo, Enn. ann. 576; fr. var. 23. XII tabb. I, 2 Sch. ( bei Fest. p. 313 [a], 7) u. III, 3 u. 4 Sch. ( bei Gell. 20, 1, 45). Lex vet. bei Gell. 5, 19, 9. Lucil. 1075. Varro r. r. 3, 17, 10. Lucr. 6, 890. Cic. de legg. 2, 19. Paul. ex Fest. 77, 3. – arch. indu,

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Enn. ann. 238 u. 445*. Lucil. 970 u. 1230. Lucr. 2, 1096; 5, 102. Vgl. Placid. gloss. V, 29, 13.

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2. in, Praeverbium, 1) entsprechend der Präposition = griech. εν, in der Zusammensetzung mit Verben, wo die Präposition in der Regel ihre gewöhnliche Bedeutung drin, dran, drauf, dabei behält, im Deutschen aber oft vom Verbum getrennt und zum Substantiv gezogen werden muß. – 2) Verneinungswort = griech. ἀ-, ἀν-, deutsch un-, wie infans, indoctus. – Vor f u. s wurde es mit gedehntem Selbstlaute gesprochen, wie inficetus, insipiens; in anderen Zusammensetzungen, wie indoctus, mit geschärftem. – Vor p geht das n in in über in m, wie in imputo, vor l, m u. r aber wird es assimiliert, wie in illudo, immuto, irruo u. dgl.

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3. īn = isne, s. 1. eo a. E. ⇒.

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non erit alia lex Roms, alia Athaenis; alia nunc, alia posthac; sed et omnes gentes, et omni tempore, una lex, et sempiterna, et immortalis continebit — /non ehrat eyliya leks rowmiy, eyliya afliynas, eyliya nagk, eyliya powsthaek; sed et omniyz jentiyz et omnay tempariy yuwna leks, et sempatarna et imorteylas, kontaniybat/ There will not be one law at Rome, another at Athens; one law now,… … Black's law dictionary

non est justum aliquem antenatum post mortem facere bastardum qui toto tempore vitae suae pro legitimo habebatur — /non est jastam aslakwam aentiyneytam powst mortam feysariy baestardam kway towtow tempariy vaytiy s(y)uwiy prow lajidamow haebabeytar/ It is not just to make an elderborn a bastard after his death, who during his lifetime was accounted… … Black's law dictionary

non erit alia lex Roms, alia Athaenis; alia nunc, alia posthac; sed et omnes gentes, et omni tempore, una lex, et sempiterna, et immortalis continebit — /non ehrat eyliya leks rowmiy, eyliya afliynas, eyliya nagk, eyliya powsthaek; sed et omniyz jentiyz et omnay tempariy yuwna leks, et sempatarna et imorteylas, kontaniybat/ There will not be one law at Rome, another at Athens; one law now,… … Black's law dictionary

non est justum aliquem antenatum post mortem facere bastardum qui toto tempore vitae suae pro legitimo habebatur — /non est jastam aslakwam aentiyneytam powst mortam feysariy baestardam kway towtow tempariy vaytiy s(y)uwiy prow lajidamow haebabeytar/ It is not just to make an elderborn a bastard after his death, who during his lifetime was accounted… … Black's law dictionary

Conditionem testium tune inspicere debemus cum signarent, non mortis tempore — We ought to consider the condition of witnesses as of the time when they signed, not at the time of the testator s death … Ballentine's law dictionary

Tempore quaedam magna fiunt, non summa. — См. Дорого яичко к Светлому дню … Большой толково-фразеологический словарь Михельсона (оригинальная орфография)

Non erit alia lex Romae, alia Athenis; alia nunc, alia posthac; sed et omnes gentes, et omni tempore, una lex, et sempiterna, et immortalis continebit — There will not be one law at Rome, another at Athens; one now and another afterward; but one law, eternal and immortal, shall bind all peoples together and for all time … Ballentine's law dictionary

Non est justum aliquem antenatum post mortem facere bastardum, qui tote tempore vitae suae pro legitimo habebatur — It is not just to make anyone a bastard after his death who during his whole lifetime was regarded as legitimate … Ballentine's law dictionary

United States non-interventionism — United States This article is part of the series: Politics and government of the United States … Wikipedia

a tempore cujus contrarii memoria non existet — /ey tempariy kyuwjas kantreriyay memoriya non egzistat/ From a time of which there is no memory to the contrary … Black's law dictionary

de tempore cujus contrarium memoria hominum non existit — /diy tempariy kyuwjas kantreriyam mamoriya homanam non agzistat/ From time whereof the memory of man does not exist to the contrary … Black's law dictionary

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