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1 malitia
mălĭtĭa, ae, f. [malus], bad quality, badness.I. II.Trop., ill-will, spite, malice (class.): virtutis contraria est vitiositas: sic enim malo, quam malitiam, appellare eam, quam Graeci kakian appellant:B.nam malitia certi cujusdam vitii nomen est: vitiositas omnium,
Cic. Tusc. 4, 15, 34:est enim malitia versuta et fallax nocendi ratio,
id. N. D. 3, 30, 75; id. Rosc. Com. 16, 46:per summam fraudem et malitiam,
id. Quint. 18, 56; id. Clu. 26, 70;opp. to virtus: virtute, non malitia, P. Scipioni placuisse,
Sall. J. 22, 2.—With malus:sine mala omni malitia,
Plaut. Aul. 2, 2, 38.—In plur.:collatio nostrarum malitiarum,
Plaut. Mil. 3, 3, 66:everriculum malitiarum omnium,
Cic. N. D. 3, 30, 74.—Cunning, artfulness:C.muliebris malitia adhibenda est mihi,
Plaut. Ep. 4, 1, 23.—Sometimes in a good sense, like our roguery, Cic. Att. 15, 26, 4:tamen a malitia non discedis,
you do not desist from your roguery, id. Fam. 9, 19, 1. -
2 malitia
malitia ae, f [malus], ill-will, spite, malice: ius summum saepe summast malitia, T.: malitiae illorum occurrere: consilia malitiae: virtute non malitiā Scipioni placuisse, S.: everriculum malitiarum omnium: a malitiā non discedis, from your roguery.* * *ill will, malice; wickedness; vice, fault -
3 nequitia
nēquĭtĭa, ae, and nēquĭtĭes (no gen. or dat.), f. [nequam], bad quality, badness (very rare):II.aceti,
Plin. 14, 20, 25, § 125.—Trop., bad moral quality, of all degrees, idleness, negligence, worthlessness, vileness (syn.: malitia, negligentia, ignavia, mollitia; class.).A.Idleness, inactivity, remissness, negligence:B.me ipsum inertiae nequitiaeque condemno,
Cic. Cat. 1, 2, 4; 1, 11, 29:inertissimi homines, nescio quā singulari nequitiā praediti,
id. Fin. 5, 20, 56.—Lightness, levity, inconsiderateness: omnia mala probra flagitia, quae homines faciunt, in duabus rebus sunt, malitia atque nequitia. Si nequitiam defendere vis, licet, P. African. ap. Gell. 7, 11, 9; Auct. ad Her. 3, 6, 11.—C.Prodigality, profusion:D.quod filii nequitiam videret,
Cic. Clu. 51, 141:illum aut nequities... expellet,
Hor. S. 2, 2, 131.—Profligacy, wantonness, lewdness:E.uxor pauperis Ibyci Tandem nequitiae pone modum tuae,
Hor. C. 3, 15, 1; 3, 4, 78; Ov. F. 1, 414; Phaedr. 3, 8, 15; in plur., Mart. 4, 42, 4.—Worthlessness, vileness, wickedness, villany:Lucurgus mihi quidem videtur posse hic ad nequitiam adducier,
Plaut. Bacch. 1, 2, 4:si domus haec habenda est potius, quam officina nequitiae et diversorium flagitiorum omnium,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 46, 134; id. Verr. 2, 5, 33, § 87:qui istius insignem nequitiam, frontis involutam integumentis, nondum cernat,
id. Pis. 6, 12:maturae mala nequitiae,
Juv. 14, 216. -
4 nequities
nēquĭtĭa, ae, and nēquĭtĭes (no gen. or dat.), f. [nequam], bad quality, badness (very rare):II.aceti,
Plin. 14, 20, 25, § 125.—Trop., bad moral quality, of all degrees, idleness, negligence, worthlessness, vileness (syn.: malitia, negligentia, ignavia, mollitia; class.).A.Idleness, inactivity, remissness, negligence:B.me ipsum inertiae nequitiaeque condemno,
Cic. Cat. 1, 2, 4; 1, 11, 29:inertissimi homines, nescio quā singulari nequitiā praediti,
id. Fin. 5, 20, 56.—Lightness, levity, inconsiderateness: omnia mala probra flagitia, quae homines faciunt, in duabus rebus sunt, malitia atque nequitia. Si nequitiam defendere vis, licet, P. African. ap. Gell. 7, 11, 9; Auct. ad Her. 3, 6, 11.—C.Prodigality, profusion:D.quod filii nequitiam videret,
Cic. Clu. 51, 141:illum aut nequities... expellet,
Hor. S. 2, 2, 131.—Profligacy, wantonness, lewdness:E.uxor pauperis Ibyci Tandem nequitiae pone modum tuae,
Hor. C. 3, 15, 1; 3, 4, 78; Ov. F. 1, 414; Phaedr. 3, 8, 15; in plur., Mart. 4, 42, 4.—Worthlessness, vileness, wickedness, villany:Lucurgus mihi quidem videtur posse hic ad nequitiam adducier,
Plaut. Bacch. 1, 2, 4:si domus haec habenda est potius, quam officina nequitiae et diversorium flagitiorum omnium,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 46, 134; id. Verr. 2, 5, 33, § 87:qui istius insignem nequitiam, frontis involutam integumentis, nondum cernat,
id. Pis. 6, 12:maturae mala nequitiae,
Juv. 14, 216. -
5 callidus
callidus adj. with comp. and sup. [calleo], practised, shrewd, expert, experienced, adroit, skilful, ingenious, prudent, dexterous: agitator: naturā nihil callidius: Stamina suspendit callida (i. e. callide), O.: Callidus huic signo ponebam milia centum, a connoisseur, H.: veterum iudex, H.: callidus Condere furto, H.: foramina callidissimo artificio fabricari: inventum, N.: iunctura, H.— Crafty, cunning, artful, sly: ostendi quam sis callidus, T.: in isto artificio callidior: gens non astuta nec callida, Ta.: ad fraudem: auceps, O.: consilium, T.: ius: liberalitas, calculating, N.: malitia inimici, L.: iuris interpretatio, subtle.* * *callida -um, callidior -or -us, callidissimus -a -um ADJcrafty, sly, cunning; wise, expert, skillful, clever, experienced, ingenious -
6 exprōmptus
exprōmptus adj. [P. of expromo], ready, at hand: malitia atque astutia, T. -
7 falsus
falsus adj. [P. of fallo], deceptive, feigned, spurious, deceitful, false, pretended, delusive, unfounded: nuptiae, T.: lacrimula, T.: indices: testes malitiā: spes, misleading: viri species, O.: crimen, V.: pater, supposed, O.: rumores, Cs.: litterae, forged: opprobria, undeserved, H.: falsi Simoëntis ad undam (i. e. simulati), V.— Deceived, mistaken: ne illi falsi sunt qui expectant, etc., S.: vates, L.* * *falsa, falsum ADJwrong, lying, fictitious, spurious, false, deceiving, feigned, deceptive -
8 frētus
frētus adj. [3 FER-], leaning, supported, relying, depending, trusting, daring, confident: malitiā suā, T.: Antoni copiis: meā prudentiā: iuventā, V.: ferro et animis, L.: multitudo nulli rei, L.: satis fretus esse etiam nunc tolerando certamini legatum, L.: excipi posse (hostem), Cu.* * *freta, fretum ADJrelying on, trusting to, supported by (w/ABL) -
9 malitiōsus
malitiōsus adj. [malitia], full of wickedness, knavish, crafty, malicious: malitiosum (te appellemus)?: iuris interpretatio: Silva, a forest in the Sabine territory, L.* * *malitiosa, malitiosum ADJwicked; crafty, roguish, knavish -
10 scelestus
scelestus adj. with comp. [scelus], impious, wicked, villanous, infamous, accursed, knavish, roguish: homo, T.: homines scelestos necare, S.: sorores, H.—As subst m. and f an infamous person, wretch, miscreant, scoundrel: ne me attigas, Sceleste, T.: Quo scelesti ruitis? H.: mali atque scelesti, S.: scelesta, T.—Of things, accursed, abominable, infamous, shameful: facinus: scelestior sermo, L.: nuptiae, S.: malitia, Ph.* * *scelesta, scelestum ADJinfamous, wicked; accursed -
11 tamen
tamen adv. [3 TA-].—After a concessive or conditional particle, notwithstanding, nevertheless, for all that, however, yet, still (beginning the clause or after its emphatic word): quamquam omnis virtus nos ad se adlicet, tamen iustitia id maxime efficit: etsi abest maturitas aetatis, tamen, etc.: tametsi miserum est, tamen, etc.: si Massilienses per delectos cives... reguntur, inest tamen in eā conditione similitudo quaedam servitutis: si nullus erit pulvis, tamen excute nullum, O.: cui (senatus auctoritati) cum Cato et Caninius intercessissent, tamen est perscripta.—Opposed to an implied concession or inference, in spite of this, for all that, however, still, nevertheless: Retraham ad me illud argentum tamen, T.: expellitur ex oppido Gergoviā; non destitit tamen, Cs.: neque recordatur illi ipsi tam infelici imperatori patuisse tamen portūs Africae, L.: semper Aiax fortis, fortissimus tamen in furore: cur nolint, etiam si tacerent, satis dicunt. Verum non tacent. Tamen his invitissimis te offeres?: tamen a malitiā non discedis? in spite of all.—With sed or verum, in strong opposition, but yet, but nevertheless, but still: hi non sunt permolesti; sed tamen insident et urgent: debet; verum tamen non cogitur.—With si, if at least, if only: aliqua et mihi gratia ponto est; Si tamen in dio quondam concreta profundo Spuma fui, O.—After neque... nec, on the other hand, however: Cyri vitam legunt, praeclaram illam quidem, sed neque tam nostris rebus aptam nec tamen Scauri laudibus anteponendam.—Ne tamen, that by no means: veni igitur, quaeso, ne tamen semen urbanitatis unā cum re p. intereat. —With pron relat., who however, although he: L. Lucullus, qui tamen eis incommodis mederi fortasse potuisset... partem militum Glabrioni tradidit, although he might, etc.: fuit mirificus in Crasso pudor, qui tamen non obesset eius orationi, etc., and yet its effect was not, etc.—Strengthened by nihilo minus: si illud tenerent, se quoque id retenturum; nihilo minus tamen agi posse de compositione, Cs.* * *yet, nevertheless, still -
12 tum
tum adv., of time [3 TA-].—Of time past, then, at that time, in those times: placuit tum id mihi, T.: qui tum vexare cupiebant: vastae tum in his locis solitudines erant, L.: Caere, opulento tum oppido, L.: tum Staienus condemnatus est, i. e. in that trial.—In emphatic opposition to other advv. of time: tu nunc tibi Id laudi ducis quod tum fecisti inopiā? T.: quae tabula, tum imperio tuo revolsa, nunc a me tamen deportata est: Et tum sicca, prius creberrima fontibus, Ide, O.—Of time present (only in orat. obliq., for nunc), now, at this time, then: quando autem se, si tum non sint, pares hostibus fore? if they were not now so, L.—Of time future, then, in that case, if that be done, thereupon: Tum meae... Vocis accedet bona pars, H.: confer sudantes, ructantes... tum intelleges, etc.: agedum, dictatorem creemus... Pulset tum mihi lictorem, qui sciet, etc., L.—Of time indefinite, then, at such a time, in such circumstances, in this instance, if so: nam quid agimus, cum sevocamus animum?... quid, inquam, tum agimus, nisi, etc.?—Repeated, tum... tum, sometimes... sometimes, now... now, at one time... at another: tum hoc mihi probabilius, tum illud videtur: dictator tum appellare tum adhortari milites, L.—Of succession in time, then, thereupon, next, afterwards, forthwith: conlocari iussit hominem in aureo lecto... Tum ad mensam eximiā formā pueros iussit consistere: tum, prope iam perculsis aliis tribunis, A. Virginius Caesoni capitis diem dicit, L.—In a series, repeated, or with other advv. or conjj. varying the expression: ducem Hannibali unum e concilio datum (a Iove), tum ei ducem illum praecepisse ne respiceret, illum autem respexisse, tum visam beluam vastam, etc.: tum... alias... tum... alias: tum... tum... aliquando: tum... tum... aut... aut: modo... tum autem.—Fig., of succession in thought, and then, besides, also, moreover, again, further, on the other hand: Quot me censes homines iam deverberasse, Hospites tum civīs? as well as, T.: faciendum est igitur nobis ut... veteranorum, tum legionis Martiae quartaeque consensus... confirmetur.—After a general clause with cum, introducing a particular or emphatic assertion: cum... tum, as... so, while... also, not only... but also, as... so especially: Quom id mihi placebat, tum uno ore omnes omnia Bona dicere, T.: cum omnium rerum simulatio vitiosa est, tum amicitiae repugnat maxime: movet patres conscriptos cum causa tum auctor, L.—Cum, followed by tum vero, tum maxime, tum praecipue or tum inprimis, while... in particular, not only... but especially, while... above all, not only... but chiefly: cum haec sunt videnda, tum vero illud est hominis magni, etc.: cum infamia atque indignitas rei impediebat, tum maxime quod, etc., Cs.: cum multa non probo, tum illud inprimis quod, etc.— Cum, followed by tum certe, tum nimirum, tum etiam, tum quoque or tum praeterea, while... at least, as... so assuredly, both... and as well, not only... but moreover: at cum de plurimis eadem dicit, tum certe de maximis: cum memoriter, tum etiam amice, etc.: cum potestas maior, tum vir quoque potestati par, etc., L.—Referring to a temporal clause, with cum.—Of coincidence of definite time, tum... cum, or cum... tum, at the time when, at a time when, even when, already when: tum, quom gratum mihi esse potuit, nolui, T.: cum minime videbamur, tum maxime philosophabamur: tum mittendos legatos fuisse cum Perseus Graecas urbes obsideret, L.—Of succession in time, then, next, at once, forthwith: id cum Sulla fecisset, tum ante oppidum Nolam Samnitium castra cepit: cum muros defensoribus nudasset, tum Afros ad subruendum murum mittit, L.—Of indefinite time, tum... cum, or cum... tum, at the time when, at a time when, at such times as, whenever: omnis praedictio mali tum probatur cum ad praedictionem cautio adiungitur: tum cum sine pondere suci Mobilibus ventis arida facta volant, O.—With ubi, of succession in time, then, next, at once, forthwith: ubi eorum dolorem cognovi, tum meum animum in illos proposui: ubi spectaculi tempus venit, tum orta vis, L.—Of indefinite time, ubi... tum, whenever: Post ubi tempust promissa iam perfici, Tum coacti necessario se aperiunt, T.—With postquam or postea quam, of succession in definite time, then, at once: tum vero postquam res sociorum ante oculos prope suos ferri vidit, suum id dedecus ratus, etc., L.: posteaquam e portu piratae exierunt, tum coeperunt quaerere homines, etc., as soon as.—In indefinite time, then, always: postquam commoditas prava dicendi copiam consecuta est, tum malitia praevertere urbīs adsuevit.—With ut, ut... tum, or tum... ut, when, after, as soon as: ut vero accessit cohortatio... tum vero filium seduxit: ut vero aquam ingressi sunt, tum utique egressis rigere corpora, L.—With quando, tum... quando, or quando... tum, when, as soon as: utinam tum essem natus quando Romani dona accipere coepissent.—With dum, then, meanwhile: dum se glomerant... tum pondere turris Procubuit, V.—With quam diu, then, so long: qui, quam tibi amicus non modo tum fuerit quam diu tecum in provinciā fuit, verum, etc.—With a relative, then, at that time: Quā tempestate Paris Helenam innuptis iunxit nuptiis, Ego tum gravida expletis iam fui ad pariendum mensibus, C. poët.—With an abl absol., then, thereafter, at once: ut morte eius nuntiatā tum denique bellum confectum arbitraretur: ita rebus divinis peractis tum de bello dictator rettulit, L.—Fig., in a conclusion after cum or si, then, therefore, consequently, in that case: cum magnus numerus deesset, tum iste homo coepit, etc.: quid tum quaeso, si hoc pater resciverit? T.: Si quidem me amaret, tum istuc prodesset, T. —In particular phrases, iam tum, already at that time, as soon as that: iam tum erat suspitio Dolo malo haec fieri, T.: ut mihi iam tum divinasse ille videatur hanc urbem esse, etc.—Tum demum or tum denique, then only, then at length, then at last, not till then, as late as that: tum demum Liscus, quod antea tacuerat, proponit, Cs.: quo cum venerimus, tum denique vivemus.—Tum primum, tum primo, or tum deinde, then first, then for the first time, not till then: ludorum gratiā, quos tum primum anniversarios in circo facere constituisset: tum primo, L.: quas cum solus pertulisset, tum deinde comitia conlegae subrogando habuit, L.— Hic tum, at this point, just here, just then: hic tum iniectus est hominibus scrupulus.—With emphatic particles, tum vero, tum enim vero, or enim vero tum, then indeed, just then, at that crisis, then if not before, then: discedit a Melino Cluentia. tum vero illa egregia mater palum exsultare... coepit: Quae postquam frustra temptata rogumque parari... Sensit, Tum vero gemitūs... Edidit, O.—Tum quidem, at that time, thereupon, then at least: et tum quidem incolumis exercitum liberavit; post triennium autem, etc.—Ne tum quidem, not even then: num quis horum miser hodie? ne tum quidem, post spiritum extremum.—Tum maxime or tum cum maxime, especially at that time, chiefly then, just then, precisely at that time: quem provincia tum maxime exspectabat: regi, tum maxime captivos ex Illyrico vendenti, at that very time, L.—Etiam tum, even then, even at that time, even already, even yet: totum se Servilio etiam tum tradidit: Ipsa ego non longos etiam tum scissa capillos, not yet long, O.—Tum quoque, also then, then likewise, then as before, then too, then once more, even then: tum quoque homini plus tribui quam necessitati: tum quoque multis milibus Latinorum in civitatem acceptis, L.—Tum autem, and then, besides further, moreover, nay even, statim se ad hominis egentis, tum autem iudicis, familiaritatem se applicavit: tanta enim tempestas cooritur... tum autem nives proluit, etc., Cs.— Tum ipsum, at that very time, just then, even then: id quod aliquando posset accidere, ne tum ipsum accideret, timere.—Quid tum? what then? what next? what further?: dic; cras est mihi Iudicium. quid tum? T.: videsne abundare me otio? A. quid tum?* * *then, next; besides; at that timecum...tum -- not only...but also
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13 utrum
utrum adv. [uter]. I. Introducing a direct question, and expressed in English only by the mark of interrogation: utrum pro me an pro me et pro te?: utrum hostem an vos an fortunam utriusque populi ignoratis? L.—Strengthened by ne (attached to an emphatic word; or poet. to utrum): Utrum studione in sibi habet an laudi putat Fore? T.: utrum igitur tandem perspicuisne dubia aperiuntur an dubiis perspicua tolluntur?: Utrumne iussi persequemur otium... An hunc laborem, etc., H.—Without an expressed alternative: utrum enim est in clarissimis civibus is, quem iudicatum hic duxit Hermippus?— II. Introducing an indirect question, whether: Utrum stultitiā facere ego hunc an malitiā Dicam, incertus sum, T.: utrum inpudentior hic... an crudelior illa, difficile dictu est: est quaerendumque utrum una species sit earum anne plures: iam dudum ego erro, qui quaeram, utrum emeris necne, whether... or not: utrum proelium committi ex usu esset necne, Cs.: cum interrogaretur, utrum pluris patrem matremne faceret? matrem inquit, whether... or.—Strengthened by ne (attached to an emphatic word; or poet. to utrum): (rogo) utrum praedicemne an taceam? T.: videamus, utrum ea fortuitane sint an eo statu, quo, etc.: utrum admonitus an temptatus an sine duce ullo pervenerit... nescio: Nec quidquam differre utrumne in pulvere... ludas opus, an meretricis amore Sollicitus plores, H.—Without an expressed alternative: an hoc dicere audebis, utrum de te aratores bene existiment, ad rem id non pertinere?* * *whether; (introducing an indirect question)utrum...an -- whether...or
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14 accuro
ac-cūro ( adc.), āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. (arch. accurassis = accuraveris, Plaut. Ps. 4, 1, 29; id. Pers. 3, 1, 65), to take care of, to do a thing with care.I.In gen. (in Plaut. and Ter. very often; more rare in the class. per., partic. in the verb. fin.; while the P. a. occurs very often in Cic., see below).(α).With acc.:(β).prandium alicui,
Plaut. Mer. 1, 3, 25:quod facto est opus,
id. Cas. 3, 3, 25:rem sobrie aut frugaliter,
id. Pers. 4, 1, 1 al.:melius adcurantur, quae consilio geruntur, quam quae sine consilio administrantur,
Cic. Inv. 1, 34, 58:virtus et cultus humanus sub tecto adcurantur,
id. Fr. in Col. 12 praef.:barbam,
Lampr. Heliog. 31.—Absol.:(γ).ergo adcures: properato opus est,
Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 210, v. Ritschl a. h. l.—With ut or ne:II.omnes bonos bonasque adcurare addecet, suspicionem et culpam ut ab se segregent,
Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 42; so with ut, Ter. And. 3, 2, 14; with ne, id. Hec. 5, 1, 12.—Esp.:adcurare aliquem,
to treat one carefully, regale a guest, Plaut. Ep. 5, 1, 55.—Hence, accūrātus, a, um, P. a., prepared with care, careful, studied, elaborate, exact (never of persons, for which diligens is used;syn.: meditatus, exquisitus, elaboratus, politus): adcurata malitia,
a studied artifice, Plaut. Truc. 2, 5, 20:adcuratae et meditatae commentationes,
Cic. de Or. 1, 60, 257:adcuratius et exquisitius dicendi genus,
id. Brut. 82, 283:adcuratissima diligentia,
id. Att. 7, 3 al:adcuratum habere = adcurare,
to take care, be at pains, Plaut. Bac. 3, 6, 21. — Adv.: accūrāte, carefully, nicely, exactly (syn.:diligenter, studiose, exquisite),
Cic. Att. 16, 5; id. Parad. 1, 4; id. Brut. 22 al.— Comp., id. Att. 8, 12; Caes. B. G. 6, 22; id. B. Alex. 12.— Sup., id. Fam. 5, 17; Nep. Lys. 4, 2. -
15 adcuro
ac-cūro ( adc.), āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. (arch. accurassis = accuraveris, Plaut. Ps. 4, 1, 29; id. Pers. 3, 1, 65), to take care of, to do a thing with care.I.In gen. (in Plaut. and Ter. very often; more rare in the class. per., partic. in the verb. fin.; while the P. a. occurs very often in Cic., see below).(α).With acc.:(β).prandium alicui,
Plaut. Mer. 1, 3, 25:quod facto est opus,
id. Cas. 3, 3, 25:rem sobrie aut frugaliter,
id. Pers. 4, 1, 1 al.:melius adcurantur, quae consilio geruntur, quam quae sine consilio administrantur,
Cic. Inv. 1, 34, 58:virtus et cultus humanus sub tecto adcurantur,
id. Fr. in Col. 12 praef.:barbam,
Lampr. Heliog. 31.—Absol.:(γ).ergo adcures: properato opus est,
Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 210, v. Ritschl a. h. l.—With ut or ne:II.omnes bonos bonasque adcurare addecet, suspicionem et culpam ut ab se segregent,
Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 42; so with ut, Ter. And. 3, 2, 14; with ne, id. Hec. 5, 1, 12.—Esp.:adcurare aliquem,
to treat one carefully, regale a guest, Plaut. Ep. 5, 1, 55.—Hence, accūrātus, a, um, P. a., prepared with care, careful, studied, elaborate, exact (never of persons, for which diligens is used;syn.: meditatus, exquisitus, elaboratus, politus): adcurata malitia,
a studied artifice, Plaut. Truc. 2, 5, 20:adcuratae et meditatae commentationes,
Cic. de Or. 1, 60, 257:adcuratius et exquisitius dicendi genus,
id. Brut. 82, 283:adcuratissima diligentia,
id. Att. 7, 3 al:adcuratum habere = adcurare,
to take care, be at pains, Plaut. Bac. 3, 6, 21. — Adv.: accūrāte, carefully, nicely, exactly (syn.:diligenter, studiose, exquisite),
Cic. Att. 16, 5; id. Parad. 1, 4; id. Brut. 22 al.— Comp., id. Att. 8, 12; Caes. B. G. 6, 22; id. B. Alex. 12.— Sup., id. Fam. 5, 17; Nep. Lys. 4, 2. -
16 an
1.ăn, conj. [etym. very obscure; v. the various views adduced in Hand, I. p. 296, with which he seems dissatisfied; if it is connected with the Sanscr. anjas, = Germ. ander, = Engl. other, we may comp. the Engl. other and or with the Germ. oder, = or]. It introduces the second part of a disjunctive interrogation, or a phrase implying doubt, and thus unites in itself the signif. of aut and num or -ne, or, or whether (hence the clause with an is entirely parallel with that introduced by num, utrum, -ne, etc., while aut forms only a subdivision in the single disjunctive clause; utrum... aut—an... aut, whether... or, etc.; cf. Ochsn. Eclog. p. 150; v. also aut).I.In disjunctive interrogations.A.Direct.a.Introd. by utrum (in Engl. the introd. particle whether is now obsolete, and the interrogation is denoted simply by the order of the words):b.Utrum hac me feriam an ab laevā latus?
Plaut. Cist. 3, 10:sed utrum tu amicis hodie an inimicis tuis Daturu's cenam?
id. Ps. 3, 2, 88; id. Pers. 3, 1, 13; id. Trin. 1, 2, 138; id. Cas. 2, 4, 11:Utrum sit annon voltis?
id. Am. prol. 56:quid facies? Utrum hoc tantum crimen praetermittes an obicies?
Cic. Div. in Caecil. 30 sq.:in plebem vero Romanam utrum superbiam prius commemorem an crudelitatem?
id. Verr. 1, 122; id. Deiot. 23; id. Fam. 7, 13:Utrum enim defenditis an impugnatis plebem?
Liv. 5, 3. —And with an twice:Utrum hoc signum cupiditatis tuae an tropaeum necessitudinis atque hospitii an amoris indicium esse voluisti?
Cic. Verr. 2, 115; id. Imp. Pomp. 57 sq.; id. Rab. 21.—With an three times:Utrum res ab initio ita ducta est, an ad extremum ita perducta, an ita parva est pecunia, an is (homo) Verres, ut haec quae dixi, gratis facta esse videantur?
Cic. Verr. 2, 61; 3, 83; id. Clu. 183; Liv. 21, 10; and seven times in Cic. Dom. 56-58.—With -ne pleon. (not to be confounded with cases where utrum precedes as pron.; as Cic. Tusc. 4, 4, 9):sed utrum tu masne an femina es, qui illum patrem voces?
Plaut. Rud. 1, 2, 16; id. Bacch. 1, 1, 42; id. Stich. 5, 4, 26:Utrum studione id sibi habet an laudi putat Fore, si etc.,
Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 28:Utrum igitur tandem perspicuisne dubia aperiuntur an dubiis perspicua tolluntur?
Cic. Fin. 4, 24, 67.—And affixed to utrum, but rarely:Utrumne jussi persequemur otium... an hunc laborem etc.,
Hor. Epod. 1, 7; Plin. 17, 1, 1, § 4; Quint. 12, 1, 40.—Introduced by -ne:c.quid fit? seditio tabetne an numeros augificat suos?
Enn. Trag. Rel. p. 23 Rib.:servos esne an liber?
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 186:idne agebas, ut tibi cum sceleratis an ut cum bonis civibus conveniret?
Cic. Lig. 18; 23:custosne urbis an direptor et vexator esset Antonius?
id. Phil. 3, 27; id. Mur. 88; id. Sull. 22.—So with an twice,
Cic. Cat. 1, 28; id. Att. 16, 8;and five times,
id. Balb. 9.—Introduced by nonne:d.Nonne ad servos videtis rem publicam venturam fuisse? An mihi ipsi fuit mors aequo animo oppetenda?
Cic. Sest. 47; id. Sex. Rosc. 43 sq.; id. Dom. 26; 127.—So with an twice, Cic. Phil. 11, 36.—Introduced by num:e.si quis invidiae metus, num est vehementius severitatis invidia quam inertiae pertimescenda?
Cic. Cat. 1, 29; id. Mur. 76; id. Sest. 80:Num quid duas habetis patrias an est illa patria communis?
id. Leg. 2, 2.—Without introductory particle:B.quid igitur? haec vera an falsa sunt?
Cic. Ac. 2, 29, 95:quid enim exspectas? bellum an tabulas novas?
id. Cat. 2, 18:ipse percussit an aliis occidendum dedit?
id. Sex. Rosc. 74; id. Verr. 2, 106; id. Imp. Pomp. 53; id. Phil. 2, 27:eloquar an sileam?
Verg. A. 3, 37:auditis an me ludit amabilis Insania?
Hor. C. 3, 4, 5.—So an twice, Cic. Mil. 54;three times,
Plin. Ep. 2, 8;and six times,
Cic. Rab. 14; id. Pis. 40.—Indirect.a.Introduced by utrum:► So once only in Vulg.quid tu, malum, curas, Utrum crudum an coctum edim?
Plaut. Aul. 3, 2, 16; id. Cist. 4, 2, 11; id. Bacch. 3, 4, 1; id. Mil. 2, 3, 74:quaero, si quis... utrum is clemens an inhumanissimus esse videatur,
Cic. Cat. 4, 12:agitur, utrum M. Antonio facultas detur an horum ei facere nihil liceat,
id. Phil. 5, 6; id. Sex. Rosc. 72; id. Imp. Pomp. 42; id. Verr. 1, 105.aut for an: Loquimini de me utrum bovem cujusquam tulerim aut asinum, 1 Reg. 12, 3.—And with -ne pleon.:b.res in discrimine versatur, utrum possitne se contra luxuriem parsimonia defendere an deformata cupiditati addicatur,
Cic. Quinct. 92:numquamne intelleges statuendum tibi esse, utrum illi, qui istam rem gesserunt, homicidaene sint an vindices libertatis?
id. Phil. 2, 30.—Introduced by -ne:c.Fortunāne an forte repertus,
Att. Trag. Rel. p. 159 Rib. agitur autem liberine vivamus an mortem obeamus, Cic. Phil. 11, 24; id. Verr. 4, 73; id. Mil. 16:nunc vero non id agitur, bonisne an malis moribus vivamus etc.,
Sall. C. 52, 10.—So with an three times, Cic. Or. 61.—Introduced by an:d.haud scio an malim te videri... an amicos tuos plus habuisse,
Cic. Pis. 39.—Without introd. particle:C.... vivam an moriar, nulla in me est metus,
Enn. Trag. Rel. p. 72 Rib.:vivat an mortuus sit, quis aut scit aut curat?
Cic. Phil. 13, 33; 3, 18; id. Sex. Rosc. 88; id. Red. in Sen. 14.—Sometimes the opinion of the speaker or the probability inclines to the second interrogative clause (cf. infra, II. E.). and this is made emphatic, as a corrective of the former, or rather, or on the contrary:D.ea quae dixi ad corpusne refers? an est aliquid, quod te suā sponte delectet?
Cic. Fin. 2, 33, 107:Cur sic agere voluistis? An ignoratis quod etc.,
Vulg. Gen. 44, 15.—Hence, in the comic poets, an potius:cum animo depugnat suo, Utrum itane esse mavelit ut... An ita potius ut etc.,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 31: id. Stich. 1, 2, 18; id. Trin. 2, 2, 25:an id flagitium est, An potius hoc patri aequomst fieri, ut a me ludatur dolis?
Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 94.—The first part of the interrogation is freq. not expressed, but is to be supplied from the context; in this case, an begins the interrog., or, or rather, or indeed, or perhaps (but it does not begin an absolute, i. e. not disjunctive, interrog.): De. Credam ego istuc, si esse te hilarem videro. Ar. An tu esse me tristem putas? (where nonne me hilarem esse vides? is implied), Plaut. As. 5, 1, 10: Ch. Sed Thaïs multon ante venit? Py. An abiit jam a milite? Ter. Eun. 4, 5, 7:E.An ego Ulixem obliscar umquam?
Att. Trag. Rel. p. 199 Rib.:An parum vobis est quod peccatis?
Vulg. Josh. 22, 17:est igitur aliquid, quod perturbata mens melius possit facere quam constans? an quisquam potest sine perturbatione mentis irasci?
Cic. Tusc. 4, 24, 54; cf. id. Clu. 22; id. Off. 3, 29: Debes hoc etiam rescribere, sit tibi curae Quantae conveniat Munatius; an male sarta Gratia nequiquam coit...? or is perhaps, etc., Hor. Ep. 1, 3, 31 K. and H. —So esp. in Cic., in order to make the truth of an assertion more certain, by an argumentum a minore ad majus:cur (philosophus) pecuniam magno opere desideret vel potius curet omnino? an Scythes Anacharsis potuit pro nihilo pecuniam ducere, nostrates philosophi non potuerunt?
Cic. Tusc. 5, 32, 89 sq.:An vero P. Scipio T. Gracchum privatus interfecit, Catilinam vero nos consules perferemus?
id. Cat. 1, 1; so id. Rab. Perd. 5; id. Phil. 14, 5, 12 Muret.; id. Fin. 1, 2, 5, ubi v. Madv.—It sometimes introduces a question suggested by the words of another: He. Mane. Non dum audisti, Demea, Quod est gravissimum? De. An quid est etiam anplius? Is there then etc., Ter. Ad. 3, 4, 21:sed ad haec, nisi molestum est, habeo quae velim. An me, inquam, nisi te audire vellem censes haec dicturum fuisse?
Cic. Fin. 1, 8, 28; 2, 22, 74; id. Tusc. 5, 26, 73; 5, 12, 35; id. Brut. 184; id. Fat. 2, 4; v. Madv. ad Cic. Fin. 1, 8, 28.—It sometimes anticipates an answer to something going before: At vero si ad vitem sensus accesserit, ut appetitum quendam habeat et per se ipsa moveatur, quid facturam putas? An ea, quae per vinitorem antea consequebatur, per se ipsa curabit? shall we not say that, must we not think that etc., Cic. Fin. 5, 14, 38, ubi v. Madv.—An non. and in one word, annon (in direct questions more freq. than necne):F.isne est quem quaero an non?
Ter. Phorm. 5, 6, 12:Hocine agis an non?
id. And. 1, 2, 15:Tibi ego dico an non?
id. ib. 4, 4, 23:utrum sit an non voltis?
Plaut. Am. prol. 56:utrum cetera nomina in codicem accepti et expensi digesta habes annon?
Cic. Rosc. Com. 3 al. —Also in indirect questions = necne, q. v.:abi, vise redieritne jam an non dum domum,
Ter. Phorm. 3, 4, 5:videbo utrum clamorem opere conpleverint, an non est ita,
Vulg. Gen. 18, 21; 24, 21.—An ne, usually written anne, pleon. for an.a.In direct questions:b.anne tu dicis quā ex causā vindicaveris?
Cic. Mur. 26. —In indirect questions:II.nec. aequom anne iniquom imperet, cogitabit,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 19; id. Ps. 1, 1, 122:percontarier, Utrum aurum reddat anne eat secum simul,
id. Bacch. 4, 1, 4:Nam quid ego de consulato loquar, parto vis, anue gesto?
Cic. Pis. 1, 3:cum interrogetur, tria pauca sint anne multa,
id. Ac. 2, 29:Gabinio dicam anne Pompeio, an utrique,
id. Imp. Pomp. 19, 57; so id. Or. 61, 206:Quid enim interest, divitias, opes, valetudinem bona dicas anne praeposita, cum etc.,
id. Fin. 4, 9, 23 Madv.; August. ap. Suet. Aug. 69 al. (for the omission of the second disjunctive clause or the particle necne representing it, v. utrum;instances of this usage in eccl. Lat. are,
Vulg. Lev. 13, 36; 14, 36; ib. Num. 11, 23 al.).—In disjunctive clauses that express doubt, or.A.Utrum stultitiā facere ego hunc an malitiā Dicam, scientem an imprudentem, incertus sum. Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 54:B.ut nescias, utrum res oratione an verba sententiis illustrentur,
Cic. de Or. 2, 13, 56:honestumne factu sit an turpe, dubitant,
id. Off. 1, 3, 9:nescio, gratulerne tibi an timeam,
id. Fam. 2, 5; Caes. B. G. 7, 5:pecuniae an famae minus parceret, haud facile discerneres,
Sall. C. 25, 3; so id. ib. 52, 10; Suet. Aug. 19; id. Tib. 10; id. Claud. 15:cognoscet de doctrinā, utrum ex Deo sit an ego a me ipso loquar,
Vulg. Joan. 7, 17; ib. Eccl. 2, 19 al.—An sometimes denotes uncertainty by itself, without a verb of doubting (dubito, dubium or incertum est, etc., vet in such cases the editors are divided between an and aut; cf. Mos. and Orell. ad Cic. Rep. 1, 12): verene hoc memoriae proditum est [p. 115] regem istum Numam Pythagorae ipsius discipulum, an certe Pythagoreum fuisse? Cic. Rep. 2, 15, where B. and K. read aut certe: Cn. Octavius est an Cn. Cornelius quidam tuus familiaris, summo genere natus, terrae filius;C.is etc.,
id. Fam. 7, 9 B. and K.:Themistocles quidem, cum ei Simonides an quis alius artem memoriae polliceretur, Oblivionis, inquit, mallem,
Simonides or some other person, id. Fin. 2, 32, 104; id. Fam. 7, 9, 3; id. Att. 1, 3, 2; 2, 7, 3; v. Madv. ad Cic. Fin. 2, 32, 104.—It often stands for sive (so esp. in and after the Aug. per.):D.quod sit an non, nihil commovet analogiam,
whether this be so or not, Varr. L. L. 9, § 105 Müll.; Att. ap. Prisc. p. 677 P.; Ov. R. Am. 797:saucius an sanus, numquid tua signa reliqui,
id. F. 4, 7:Illa mihi referet, si nostri mutua curast, An minor, an toto pectore deciderim,
Tib. 3, 1, 20; Tac. A. 11, 26:sive nullam opem praevidebat inermis atque exul, seu taedio ambiguae spei an amore conjugis et liberorum,
id. ib. 14, 59.—The first disjunctive clause is freq. to be supplied from the gen. idea or an may stand for utrum—necne (cf. supra, I. D.):E.qui scis, an, quae jubeam, sine vi faciat? (vine coactus is to be supplied),
how knowest thou whether or not he will do it without compulsion? Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 20:An dolo malo factum sit, ambigitur,
Cic. Tull. 23:quaesivi an misisset (periplasmata),
id. Verr. 4, 27:Vide an facile fieri tu potueris, cum etc.,
id. Fragm. B. 13, 2, 1:praebete aurem et videte an mentiar,
Vulg. Job, 6, 28: de L. Bruto fortasse dubitaverim an propter infinitum odium tyranni effrenatius in Aruntem invaserit, I might doubt whether or not, etc., Cic. Tusc. 4, 22, 50; id. Verr. 3, 76:Quis scit an adiciant hodiernae crastina summae Tempora di superi?
Hor. C. 4, 7, 17; Plin. Ep. 6, 21, 3; Quint. 2, 17, 38:Sine videamus an veniat Elias,
Vulg. Matt. 27, 49:tria sine dubio rursus spectanda sunt, an sit, quid sit, quale sit,
Quint. 5, 10, 53:dubium an quaesitā morte,
Tac. A. 1, 5; 6, 50; 4, 74:Multitudo an vindicatura Bessum fuerit, incertum est,
Curt. 7, 5:diu Lacedaemonii, an eum summae rei praeponerent, deliberaverunt,
Just. 6, 2, 4 et saep.—Since in such distrib. sentences expressive of doubt, the opinion of the speaker or the probability usually inclines to the second, i. e. to the clause beginning with an, the expressions haud scio an, nescio an, dubito an (the latter through all pers. and tenses), incline to an affirmative signification, I almost know, I am inclined to think, I almost think, I might say, I might assert that, etc., for perhaps, probably (hence the opinion is incorrect that an, in this situation, stands for an non; for by an non a negation of the objective clause is expressed, e. g. nescio an non beatus sit, I am almost of the opinion that he is not happy, v. infra, and cf. Beier ad Cic. Off. 1, Exc. XI. p. 335 sq.; Cic. uses haud scio an eleven times in his Orations;F.nescio an, four times): atque haud scio an, quae dixit sint vera omnia,
Ter. And. 3, 2, 45:crudele gladiatorum spectaculum et inhumanum non nullis videri solet: et haud scio an ita sit, ut nunc fit,
Cic. Tusc. 2, 17, 41; id. Fl. 26:testem non mediocrem, sed haud scio an gravissimum,
perhaps, id. Off. 3, 29:constantiam dico? nescio an melius patientiam possim dicere,
id. Lig. 9; id. Fam. 9, 19:ingens eo die res, ac nescio an maxima illo bello gesta sit,
Liv. 23, 16; Quint. 12, 11, 7 al.:si per se virtus sine fortunā ponderanda sit, dubito an Thrasybulum primum omuium ponam,
I am not certain whether I should not prefer Thrasybulus to all others, Nep. Thras. 1 Dähne:dicitur acinace stricto Darius dubitāsse an fugae dedecus honestā morte vitaret,
i. e. was almost resolved upon, Curt. 4, 5, 30:ego dubito an id improprium potius appellem,
Quint. 1, 5, 46; Gell. 1, 3 al.—Hence, a neg. objective clause must contain in this connection the words non, nemo, nullus, nihil, numquam, nusquam, etc.:dubitet an turpe non sit,
he is inclined to believe that it is not bad, Cic. Off. 3, 12, 50:haud scio an ne opus quidem sit, nihil umquam deesse amicis,
id. Am. 14, 51:eloquentiā quidem nescio an habuisset parem neminem,
id. Brut. 33: quod cum omnibus est faciendum tum haud scio an nemini potius quam tibi, to no one perhaps more, id. Off. 3, 2, 6:meā sententiā haud scio an nulla beatior esse possit,
id. Sen. 16; id. Leg. 1, 21:non saepe atque haud scio an numquam,
id. Or. 2, 7 al. —Sometimes the distributive clause beginning with an designates directly the opposite, the more improbable, the negative; in which case nescio an, haud scio an, etc., like the Engl. I know not whether, signify I think that not, I believe that not, etc.; hence, in the object. clause, aliquis, quisquam, ullus, etc., must stand instead of nemo, nullus, etc. (so for the most part only after Cic.): an profecturus sim, nescio, I know not (i. e. I doubt, I am not confident) whether I shall effect any thing, Sen. Ep. 25:2.opus nescio an superabile, magnum certe tractemus,
id. Q. N. 3, praef. 4; Caecil. ap. Cic. Fam. 6, 7, 6: haud scio an vivere nobis liceret, I know not whether we, etc., Cic. Har. Resp. 11, 22: doleo enim maximam feminam eripi oculis civitatis, nescio an aliquid simile visuris, for I know not whether they will ever see any thing of this kind, Plin. Ep. 7, 19; Val. Max. 5, 2, 9:nescio an ullum tempus jucundius exegerim,
I do not know whether I have ever passed time more pleasantly, id. 3, 1:namque huic uni contigit, quod nescio an ulli,
Nep. Timol. 1, 1; Sen. Contr. 3 praef.; Quint. 9, 4, 1:nostri quoque soloecum, soloecismum nescio an umquam dixerint,
Gell. 5, 20 al. Cf. upon this word Hand, Turs. I. pp. 296-361, and Beier, Exc. ad Cic. Am. pp. 202-238.an-, v. ambi.3.- ăn. This word appears in forsan, forsitan, and fortasse an (Att. Trag. Rel. p. 151 Rib.) or fortassan, seeming to enhance the idea of uncertainty and doubt belonging to fors, etc., and is regarded by some as the Greek conditional particle an, and indeed one of these compounds, forsitan, sometimes in the Vulgate, translates an; as, Joan. 4, 10; 5, 46; 8, 19; and in 3, Joan. 9, it still represents the various reading, an. -
17 astutia
astūtĭa, ae, f. [astutus], the quality of being astutus, orig. (like acumen, dolus, etc.) dexterity, adroitness, and also (eccl. Lat.) understanding, wisdom: Quibus (feris) abest ad praecavendum intellegendi astutia, Pac. ap. Cic. Fin. 5, 11, 31 (Trag. Rel. p. 122 Rib.):ut detur parvulis astutia,
Vulg. Prov. 1, 4:intellegite, parvuli, astutiam,
ib. ib. 8, 5.—But very early used in a bad sense, cunning, slyness, subtlety, craft as a habit (most freq. in ante-class. and Ciceron. Lat.;afterwards supplanted by astus, q. v.): est nobis spes in hac astutiā,
Plaut. Capt. 2, 1, 53:nec copiast [Me expediundi], nisi si astutiam aliquam corde machinor,
id. ib. 3, 3, 15 Fleck.; 3, 4, 7; id. Ep. 3, 2, 27; id. Mil. 2, 2, 82:nunc opus est tuā Mihi ad hanc rem expromptā malitiā atque astutiā,
Ter. And. 4, 3, 8; id. Heaut. 4, 3, 32:quod si aut confidens astutia aut callida esset audacia, vix ullo obsisti modo posset,
Cic. Clu. 65, 183:quae tamen non astutiā quādam, sed aliquā potius sapientiā secutus sum,
id. Fam. 3, 10, 9:qui (Deus) adprehendit sapientes in astutiā eorum,
Vulg. Job, 5, 13; ib. 1 Cor. 3, 19; ib. Ephes. 4, 14.—Also plur.:in regionem astutiarum mearum te induco,
Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 78; so id. Ep. 3, 2, 39:Hem astutias,
Ter. And. 3, 4, 25 Don.:aliter leges, aliter philosophi tollunt astutias,
Cic. Off. 3, 17, 68; 3, 17, 61. -
18 atrox
ā̆trox, ōcis, adj. [from ater, as ferox from ferus, velox from velum. Atrocem hoc est asperum, crudelem, quod qui atro vultu sunt, asperitatem ac saevitiam prae se ferunt, Perott.; cf. Doed. Syn. I. p. 38 sq.], dark, gloomy, frowning, horrible, hideous, frightful, dreadful; and trop., savage, cruel, fierce, atrocious, harsh, severe, unyielding (of persons and things; while saevus is used only of persons; v. Doed. as cited supra; very freq. and class.): exta, Naev. ap. Non. p. 76, 6: (fortunam) insanam esse aiunt, quia atrox, incerta, instabilisque sit, Pac. ap. Auct. ad Her. 2, 23 (Trag. Rel. p. 125 Rib.):sic Multi, animus quorum atroci vinctus malitiā est, Att., Trag. Rel. p. 141 Rib.: re atroci percitus,
Ter. Hec. 3, 3, 17:res tam scelesta, tam atrox, tam nefaria credi non potest,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 22, 62:saevissimi domini atrocissima effigies,
Plin. Pan. 52 fin.:Agrippina semper atrox,
always gloomy, Tac. A. 4, 52; 2, 57:filia longo dolore atrox,
wild, id. ib. 16, 10:hiems,
severe, Plin. 18, 35, 80, § 353:nox,
Tac. A. 4, 50:tempestas,
id. ib. 11, 31:flagrantis hora Caniculae,
Hor. C. 3, 13, 9:atrocissimae litterae,
Cic. Fam. 9, 25, 3:bellum magnum et atrox,
Sall. J. 5, 1:facinus,
Liv. 1, 26:non alia ante pugna atrocior,
id. 1, 27:periculum atrox,
dreadful, id. 33, 5; so,negotium,
Sall. C. 29, 2:imperium (Manlii),
harsh, Liv. 8, 7:odium,
violent, Ov. M. 9, 275 et saep.—Of discourse, violent, bitter:tunc admiscere huic generi orationis vehementi atque atroci genus illud alterum... lenitatis et mansuetudinis,
Cic. de Or. 2, 49, 200:Summa concitandi adfectūs accusatori in hoc est, ut id, quod objecit, aut quam atrocissimum aut etiam quam maxime miserabile esse videatur,
Quint. 6, 1, 15:peroratio,
Plin. 27, 2, 2, § 4:et cuncta terrarum subacta Praeter atrocem animum Catonis,
stern, unyielding, Hor. C. 2, 1, 24:fides (Reguli),
Sil. 6, 378; so,virtus,
id. 13, 369:ut verba atroci (i. e. rigido) stilo effoderent,
Petr. 4, 3.—Hence of that which is fixed, certain, invincible:occisa est haec res, nisi reperio atrocem mi aliquam astutiam,
Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 7 Lind. (perh. the figure is here drawn from the contest; the atrox pugna and atrox astutia are ludicrously contrasted with occidit res, the cause had been lost, if I had not come to the rescue with powerful art).— Adv.: atrōcĭter, violently, fiercely, cruelly, harshly (only in prose):atrociter minitari,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 62:fit aliquid,
id. Rosc. Am. 53 fin.:dicere,
id. Or. 17, 56:agitare rem publicam,
Sall. J. 37, 1:invehi in aliquem,
Liv. 3, 9:deferre crimen,
Tac. A. 13, 19 fin.:multa facere,
Suet. Tib. 59 al. — Comp.: atrocius in aliquem saevire, Liv. 42, 8; Tac. H. 1, 2; 2, 56:atrocius accipere labores itinerum,
reluctantly, id. ib. 1, 23.— Sup.:de ambitu atrocissime agere in senatu,
Cic. ad Q. Fr. 2, 16:leges atrocissime exercere,
Suet. Tib. 58. -
19 callidus
callĭdus, a, um, adj. [calleo], that is taught wisdom by experience and practice, shrewd, expert, experienced, adroit, skilful:I. A.versutos eos appello, quorum celeriter mens versatur: callidos autem, quorum, tamquam manus opere, sic animus usu concalluit,
Cic. N. D. 3, 10, 25.In gen. (class.):B.ad suum quaestum, callidus,
Plaut. As. 1, 3, 34; id. Truc. 2, 4, 62 (cf. id. ib. 2, 5, 40: omnes homines ad suum quaestum callent); id. Ps. 2, 4, 35; id. Ep. 3, 3, 47; id. Poen. 1, 2, 25: callida Musa, Calliope, * Lucr. 6, 93:ego ut agitator callidus, priusquam ad fidem veniam, equos sustinebo,
Cic. Ac. 2, 29, 94:natura nihil potest esse callidius,
id. N. D. 2, 57, 142:Demosthene nec gravior exstitit quisquam nec callidior, nec temperatior,
id. Or. 7, 23:juvenis parum callidus,
Plin. Ep. 7, 6, 11:in disputando,
Quint. 12, 2, 14.—In reference to art, excelling in art, skilful, Hor. S. 2, 3, 23 Heind.; 2, 7, 101; id. Ep. 1, 10, 26. —Particular constructions.(α).With gen.:(β).rei rusticae,
Col. 2, 2, 1:rerum naturae,
id. 7, 3, 12:rei militaris,
Tac. H. 2, 32:temporum,
id. A. 4, 33.—With abl.:(γ).juncturā callidus acri,
Pers. 5, 14.—In the Greek manner, with inf.:C.callidus Condere furto,
Hor. C. 1, 10, 7; cf.:tuque testudo resonare septem Callida nervis,
id. ib. 3, 11, 4; Pers. 1, 118.—Meton., of things: foramina callidissimo artificio naturā fabricata, very well contrived or wrought, Cic. Tusc. 1, 20, 47:II. A.inventum,
Nep. Eum. 5, 4:junctura,
Hor. A. P. 47.—Of persons (class.):B.itaque me malum esse oportet, callidum, astutum,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 112:malum crudumque et callidum atque subdolum,
id. Poen. 5, 2, 148; id. Pers. 4, 4, 70; id. Cist. 4, 2, 61:ego hominem callidiorem vidi neminem,
Ter. Phorm. 4, 2, 1; id. And. 1, 2, 27; id. Eun. 5, 6, 10; Petr. 4, 2, 1:hi saepe versutos homines et callidos admirantes, malitiam sapientiam judicant,
Cic. Off. 2, 3, 10 Beier; id. Caecin. 19, 55; cf. id. Off. 3, 13, 57; Quint. 6, 3, 96:homo luteus etiam callidus ac veterator esse vult,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 14, § 35:gens non astuta nec callida,
Tac. G. 22:ad fraudem callidi,
Cic. Clu. 65, 183; cf. Plaut. As. 2, 1, 9:in disputando mire callidos,
Quint. 12, 2, 14:amici accendendis offensionibus callidi,
Tac. A. 2, 57.—Meton., of things:2.doli,
Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 4:consilium,
Ter. And. 3, 4, 10:audacia,
Cic. Clu. 65, 183:callida et malitiosa juris interpretatio,
id. Off. 1, 10, 33:liberalitas,
crafty, calculating, Nep. Att. 11, 3:malitia inimici,
Liv. 38, 44, 1:cunctatio,
Suet. Tib. 24:saevitia,
id. Dom. 11.—Trop.:1.merx, of a woman,
Plaut. Cist. 4, 2, 61.—Hence, adv.: callĭdē (in both signiff. of the adj. freq. and class.).Skilfully, shrewdly, expertly, etc.:2.callide nosse aliquem,
well, Plaut. As. 2, 2, 82:intellegere,
Ter. And. 1, 2, 30:callide arguteque dicere,
Cic. Or. 28, 98:dicere,
id. de Or. 1, 20, 93:callide et perite versari,
id. ib. 1, 11, 48:sine quo nihil satis caute, nihil satis callide agi posset,
id. Caecin. 5, 15 al. — Comp., Tac. A. 6, [p. 271] 37.— Sup., Nep. Them. 1 fin. — -
20 certo
1.certō, adv., v. certus, adv. A.2.certo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. freq. a. [cerno], to decide something by a contest (cf. cerno, II. C. b.); hence, to fight, struggle, contend, combat, implying great exertion, and usually a measuring of strength (class. in prose and poetry; most freq. in a trop. signif.; syn.: decerto, contendo).I.Of a physical contest of strength;II.mostly of battle: utrum igitur utilius Fabricio... armis cum hoste certare, an venenis?
Cic. Off. 3, 22, 87:adulescentium greges Lacedaemone videmus ipsi incredibili contentione certantis pugnis, calcibus, unguibus, morsu denique,
id. Tusc. 5, 27, 77:manu,
Sall. H. 2, 41, 6 Dietsch:proelio,
id. J. 81, 3:cum Gallis pro salute,
id. ib. 114, 2; cf. Tac. Agr. 5:de ambiguo agro bello,
Liv. 3, 71, 2:de imperio cum populo Romano,
Cic. de Or. 2, 18, 76:de principatu armis,
Tac. H. 2, 47; cf. Suet. Vesp. 5:odiis etiam prope majoribus certarunt quam viribus,
Liv. 21, 1, 3:acie,
Verg. A. 2, 30 et saep.— Impers.: dignus quicum certetur, Pac. ap. Non. p. 473, 16: certatur limine in ipso Ausoniae, Verg. A. 10, 355; 11, 313:die quo Bedriaci certabatur,
Tac. H. 2, 50:quā in parte rex pugnae affuit, ibi aliquamdiu certatum,
Sall. J. 74, 3:in cujus (amnis) transgressu multum certato pervicit Vardanes,
Tac. A. 11, 10; id. H. 4, 61.—Mostly poet. in pass.:certata lite deorum Ambracia (for the possession of which Apollo. Diana, and Hercules contended),
Ov. M. 13, 713:certatus nobis orbis (i. e. de quo certavimus),
Sil. 17, 342; cf. II. infra.—Out of the sphere of milit. operations, to contend, struggle, strive, emulate, vie with: certabant urbem Romam Remoramne vocarent, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 48, 107 (Ann. v. 85 Vahl.): haut doctis dictis certantes sed maledictis, Enn. ap. Gell. 20, 10, 4 (Ann. v. 274 ib.):2.minis mecum, minaciis,
Plaut. Truc. 5, 56:malitiā tecum,
id. Pers. 2, 2, 56:benedictis,
Ter. Phorm. prol. 20:certare ingenio, contendere nobilitate,
Lucr. 2, 11:cum aliquo dicacitate,
Cic. Brut. 46, 172:officiis inter se,
id. Fam. 7, 31, 1; cf.:certatum inter collegas maledictis,
Liv. 5, 8, 13; and:eo modo inter se duo imperatores certabant,
Sall. J. 52, 1:cum civibus de virtute,
id. C. 9, 2:pro sua quisque potentia,
id. ib. 38, 3:contumaciā adversus contemnentes humilitatem suam nobiles certavit (Licinius),
Liv. 9, 46, 4: cum usuris fructibus praediorum, to contend against interest ( to strive to pay interest) with the produce of estates, Cic. Cat. 2, 8, 18: cum a Cheruscis Longobardisque pro antiquo decore aut recenti libertate;et contra, augendae dominationi certaretur,
Tac. A. 2, 46:ob hircum,
Hor. A. P. 220:joco,
id. C. 2, 12, 18:mero,
id. ib. 4, 1, 31:animis iniquis,
Verg. A. 10, 7:parsimoniā et vigiliis et labore cum ultimis militum,
Liv. 34, 18, 5:sententiis,
Tac. A. 1, 29 al.:ut si nautae certarent, quis eorum potissimum gubernaret,
Cic. Off. 1, 25, 87:mos gentis est, equitare jaculari cursu cum aequalibus certare,
Sall. J. 6, 1:dic mecum quo pignore certes,
Verg. E. 3, 31:celeri sagittā,
id. A. 5, 485:certemus, spinas animone ego fortius an tu Evellas agro,
Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 4.— Poet., with acc.: hanc rem ( = de hac re), Sedigit. ap. Gell. 15, 24; cf. in pass.:cui (multae) certandae cum dies advenisset,
Liv. 25, 3, 14.—With dat. instead of cum:solus tibi certat Amyntas,
Verg. E. 5, 8; Hor. S. 2, 5, 19; id. Epod. 11, 18; 2, 20; id. C. 2, 6, 15; Verg. E. 8, 55; id. G. 2, 138; Ov. M. 14, 794.—Particularly of judicial disputations, to contend at law:3.inter se,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 16, § 39; cf. id. ib. 2, 2, 13, §32: in centumvirali judicio,
id. de Or. 1, 39, 177:si a duumviris provocarit, provocatione certato,
Liv. 1, 26, 6:si quid se judice certes,
Hor. S. 2, 1, 49:foro si res certabitur olim,
id. ib. 2, 5, 27.—With inf. (mostly poet.), to strive to do something, to labor, endeavor, struggle earnestly, to exert one ' s self:certantes ad summum succedere honorem,
Lucr. 5, 1123; so,inter se cernere,
id. 5, 394:dimittere se (nubes),
id. 6, 509:populum alium suorum sepelire,
id. 6, 1247:Phoebum superare canendo,
Verg. E. 5, 9:superare,
Ov. M. 5, 394:vincere,
Verg. A. 5, 194:tollere (hunc) tergeminis honoribus,
Hor. C. 1, 1, 8:inter se eruere quercum,
Verg. A. 4, 443:certat quisque evadere,
Curt. 9, 4, 33:frangere fluctus,
Plin. Pan. 81 fin.; Sil. 13, 222; Stat. S. 5, 3, 191.
См. также в других словарях:
malitia — index knavery Burton s Legal Thesaurus. William C. Burton. 2006 … Law dictionary
malitia — Malice. See ex malitia … Ballentine's law dictionary
malitia — /malish(iy)a/ Actual evil design; express malice … Black's law dictionary
malitia — /malish(iy)a/ Actual evil design; express malice … Black's law dictionary
malitia est acida; est mali animi affectus — /malishfiyb est ssada, est mselay aenamay afektas/ Malice is sour; it is the quality of a bad mind … Black's law dictionary
malitia pracogitata — /mslishtiyb priykojateyta/ Malice aforethought … Black's law dictionary
malitia supplet aetatem — /malish(iy)3 saplat ateytam/ Malice supplies [the want of] age … Black's law dictionary
malitia est acida; est mali animi affectus — /malishfiyb est ssada, est mselay aenamay afektas/ Malice is sour; it is the quality of a bad mind … Black's law dictionary
malitia pracogitata — /mslishtiyb priykojateyta/ Malice aforethought … Black's law dictionary
malitia supplet aetatem — /malish(iy)3 saplat ateytam/ Malice supplies [the want of] age … Black's law dictionary
Malitia est acida; est mali animi affectus — Malice is sour; it is an affection of an evil heart … Ballentine's law dictionary
