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lapidem

  • 1 Gutta cavat lapidem, non vi sed saepe cadendo

    The drop excavates the stone, not with force but by falling often. (Ovid) Top of Page

    Latin Quotes (Latin to English) > Gutta cavat lapidem, non vi sed saepe cadendo

  • 2 lapis

    lăpis, ĭdis (abl. lapi, Enn. ap. Prisc. 708 P.; gen. plur. lapiderum, C. Gell. ap. Charis. p. 40 P.), m. (f.: tanto sublatae sunt augmine tunc lapides, Enn. ap. Non. 211, 9) [etym. dub.; perh. from same root with rupes; cf. Corss. Ausspr. 1, 545; not connected with laas, Curt. Gr. Etym. p. 542], a stone (cf.: saxum, silex, cautes, cos, calculus).
    I.
    In gen.:

    stillicidi casus lapidem cavat,

    Lucr. 1, 313:

    undique lapides in murum jaci coepti sunt,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 6; cf. Cic. Mil. 15, 41:

    pars eminus glande aut lapidibus pugnare,

    Sall. J. 57, 4:

    lapide percussus,

    Plaut. Stich. 4, 2, 33:

    lapidem habere, ut illi cerebrum excutiam,

    id. Capt. 3, 4, 69; cf. Cic. de Or. 2, 47, 197:

    consul ingentem vim modicorum, qui funda mitti possent, lapidum paraverat,

    Liv. 38, 20, 1; Gell. 4, 14, 3 sqq.:

    e lapide duro parietes construere,

    Plin. 36, 22, 51, § 171:

    lapis duritia marmoris,

    id. 36, 22, 46, § 163:

    bibulus,

    sandstone, pumice-stone, Verg. G. 2, 348:

    molaris,

    a millstone, Quint. 2, 19, 3; cf.:

    num me illue ducis, ubi lapis lapidem terit?

    i. e. into the mill, Plaut. As. 1, 1, 16: Parius, Parian stone, i. e. Parian marble, Verg. A. 1, 593:

    lapide candidiore diem notare,

    i. e. to mark with a white stone the luckiest day, Cat. 68, 148; cf. lapillus.—
    B.
    Trop. for dulness, stupidity, want of feeling:

    ego me credidi homini docto rem mandare: is lapidi mando maximo,

    Plaut. Merc. 3, 4, 47:

    i, quid stas, lapis? quin accipis?

    Ter. Heaut. 4, 7, 3; cf. id. ib. 5, 1, 43:

    tu, inquam, mulier, quae me omnino lapidem, non hominem putas,

    id. Hec. 2, 1, 17;

    and with silex (q. v.): tu es lapide silice stultior,

    Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 78; cf.:

    lapides mehercule omnes flere ac lamentari coëgisses,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 57, 245:

    lapis est ferrumque suam quicumque puellam verberat,

    Tib. 1, 10, 59:

    aut mare prospiciens in saxo frigida sedi, quamque lapis sedes, tam lapis ipsa fui,

    Ov. H. 19, 30.—Prov.:

    lapidem ferre altera manu, altera panem ostentare,

    i. e. to flatter openly and injure secretly, Plaut. Aul. 2, 2, 18:

    verberare lapidem,

    i. e. to hurt one's self more than one's enemy, id. Curc. 1, 3, 41:

    lapides loqui,

    to speak hard words, id. Aul. 2, 1, 29:

    ad eundem lapidem bis offendere,

    to commit the same error twice, Aus. Ep. 11; so,

    bis ad eundem (sc. lapidem),

    Cic. Fam. 10, 20, 2.—
    II.
    In partic.
    A.
    A mile-stone, set up on the roads at every thousand paces, which made a Roman mile;

    hence, with an ordinal numeral added to denote distance in miles: ad quartum et vicesimum lapidem a Roma,

    Varr. R. R. 3, 2, 14; cf.:

    effoditur ad vigesimum ab Urbe lapidem,

    Plin. 33, 12, 56, § 159:

    sacra videt fieri sextus ab Urbe lapis,

    Ov. F. 6, 682:

    intra vicesimum lapidem,

    Liv. 5, 4 fin.:

    duodecimum apud lapidem,

    Tac. A. 3, 45:

    a tertio lapide,

    Flor. 2, 6 fin.: ad lapidem undecimum, Paul. ex Fest. p. 250 Müll.—Sometimes ellipt. without lapis:

    ad duodecimum a Cremona,

    Tac. H. 2, 24:

    ad quartum,

    id. ib. 2, 39:

    ad octavum,

    id. ib. 3, 15.—
    B.
    The stone or stone elevation on which the prætor stood at slavesales:

    in eo ipso astas lapide, ubi praeco praedicat,

    Plaut. Bacch. 4, 7, 17; Col. 3, 3, 8:

    praeter duos de lapide emptos tribunos,

    Cic. Pis. 15, 35.—
    C.
    Terminalis, a landmark, boundary-stone, Amm. 18, 2, 15;

    called lapis alone,

    Lact. 1, 20 fin.; so,

    lapis sacer,

    Liv. 41, 13; cf.:

    non fixus in agris, qui regeret certis finibus arva, lapis,

    Tib. 1, 3, 44; cf. id. 1, 1, 12.—
    D.
    A gravestone, tombstone, Prop. 3 (4), 1, 37; Tib. 1, 3, 54;

    called also ultimus,

    Prop. 1, 17, 20.—
    E.
    A precious stone, gem, jewel, pearl (mostly poet.), Cat. 69, 3:

    gemmas et lapides,

    Hor. C. 3, 24, 48:

    clari lapides,

    id. ib. 4, 13, 14; Ov. A. A. 1, 432; Sil. 12, 231; Mart. 11, 50, 4; Tac. A. 3, 53; Macr. S. 7, 13, 11.—
    F.
    A statue: Jovem lapidem jurare, the statue of Jupiter at the Capitol, Cic. Fam. 7, 12, 2; Gell. 1, 21, 4; v. Juppiter.—
    * 2.
    Meton.:

    albus,

    a table of white marble, a marble table, Hor. S. 1, 6, 116.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > lapis

  • 3 lapis

        lapis idis, m     a stone: undique lapides in murum iaci coepti sunt, Cs.: eminus lapidibus pugnare, S.: lapides omnīs flere ac lamentari coëgisses: Ossa lapis fiunt, O.: bibulus, pumicestone, V.: Parius, Parian marble, V.: lapides varios radere, mosaic, H.: lapide diem candidiore notare, to mark as a lucky day, Ct.—As a term of reproach: i, quid stas, lapis? Quin accipis? T. —A monument to mark distance, mile-stone (at intervals of 1000 paces): sextus ab urbe lapis, O.: intra vicensimum lapidem, L.—The auctioneer's stone at a slave sale, platform: praeter duos de lapide emptos tribunos.—A landmark, boundary-stone: sacer, L.—A grave-stone, tomb-stone: his scriptus notis, Tb.: ultimus, Pr.—A precious stone, gem, jewel, pearl: gemmas et lapides, H.: clari lapides, H.—A statue: Iovem lapidem iurare, the statue of Jupiter: albus, a marble table, H.
    * * *
    I
    stone; milestone; jewel
    II
    stone; milestone; jewel

    Latin-English dictionary > lapis

  • 4 fallo

    fallo, fĕfelli, falsum, 3 (archaic inf. praes. pass. fallier, Pers. 3, 50; perf. pass. fefellitus sum, Petr. Fragm. 61, MSS.), v. a. [Sanscr. sphal, sphul, to waver; Gr. sphallô, a-sphalês], to deceive, trick, dupe, cheat, disappoint (freq. and class.; syn.: decipio, impono, frustror, circumvenio, emungo, fraudo).
    I.
    In gen.
    (α).
    Of living objects:

    T. Roscius non unum rei pecuniariae socium fefellit, verum novem homines honestissimos ejusdem muneris, etc.... induxit, decepit, destituit, omni fraude et perfidia fefellit,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 40, 116 sq.; so,

    aliquem dolis,

    Ter. And. 3, 2, 13; cf. id. Heaut. 3, 1, 61:

    senem,

    Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 43:

    referam gratiam, atque eas itidem fallam, ut ab illis fallimur,

    Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 93: tu illum fructu fallas, Poët. ap. Cic. N. D. 3, 29, 73:

    id ipsum sui fallendi causa milites ab hostibus factum existimabant,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 50, 2:

    tum laqueis captare feras et fallere visco Inventum,

    Verg. G. 1, 139; cf. Ov. M. 15, 474:

    is enim sum, nisi me forte fallo, qui, etc.,

    Cic. Phil. 12, 8, 21:

    num me fefellit, Catilina, non modo res tanta, verum dies?

    id. Cat. 1, 3, 7:

    nisi me fallit animus,

    id. Rosc. Am. 17, 48; cf.:

    neque eum prima opinio fefellit,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 67, 3:

    ne spes eum fallat,

    Cic. Fam. 1, 3; Caes. B. G. 2, 10, 4:

    si in hominibus eligendis spes amicitiae nos fefellerit,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 11, § 28:

    in quo cum eum opinio fefellisset,

    Nep. Ages. 3, 5:

    nisi forte me animus fallit,

    Sall. C. 20, 17:

    nisi memoria me fallit,

    fails me, Gell. 20, p. 285 Bip.:

    nisi me omnia fallunt,

    Cic. Att. 8, 7, 1; cf.:

    omnia me fallunt, nisi, etc.,

    Sen. Ep. 95 med.:

    nisi quid me fallit,

    Cic. Fam. 5, 20, 6; cf.:

    si quid nunc me fallit in scribendo,

    id. ib. 3, 5, 4:

    dominum sterilis saepe fefellit ager,

    Ov. A. A. 1, 450:

    certe hercle hic se ipsus fallit, non ego,

    Ter. And. 3, 2, 15:

    tam libenter se fallunt, quam si una fata decipiunt,

    Sen. Brev. Vit. 11, 1:

    cum alios falleret, se ipsum tamen non fefellit,

    Lact. 1, 22, 5.— Pass. in mid. force, to deceive one's self, be deceived, to err, be mistaken:

    errore quodam fallimur in disputando,

    Cic. Rep. 3, 35:

    qua (spe) possumus falli: deus falli qui potuit?

    id. N. D. 3, 31, 76:

    memoriā falli,

    Plin. 10, 42, 59, § 118:

    jamque dies, nisi fallor, adest,

    Verg. A. 5, 49; Cic. Att. 4, 17, 1; 16, 6, 2:

    ni fallor,

    Ov. F. 4, 623; Lact. 2, 19, 1; cf.:

    ordinis haec virtus erit et venus, aut ego fallor,

    Hor. A. P. 42.—With object-clause:

    dicere non fallar, quo, etc.,

    Luc. 7, 288:

    quamquam haut falsa sum, nos odiosas haberi,

    Plaut. Aul. 2, 1, 4; cf.:

    id quam facile sit mihi, haud sum falsus,

    id. Men. 5, 2, 3; Ter. And. 4, 1, 23; Sall. J. 85, 20:

    neque ea res falsum me habuit,

    did not deceive me, id. ib. 10, 1:

    ut falsus animi est!

    Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 43.—
    (β).
    Of inanim. or abstr. objects:

    promissum,

    not to fulfil, Curt. 7, 10, 9:

    fidem hosti datam fallere,

    to violate, break, betray, deceive, Cic. Off. 1, 13, 39:

    quodsi meam spem vis improborum fefellerit atque superaverit,

    id. Cat. 4, 11, 23; cf. id. de Or. 1, 1, 2:

    non fallam opinionem tuam,

    id. Fam. 1, 6 fin.; cf. Caes. B. C. 3, 86 fin.:

    imperium,

    to fail to execute, Plin. 7, 37, 38, § 125:

    cum lubrica saxa vestigium fallerent,

    betrayed, Curt. 4, 9.— Poet.:

    tu faciem illius Falle dolo,

    imitate deceptively, assume, Verg. A. 1, 684:

    sua terga nocturno lupo,

    i. e. to hide, conceal, Prop. 4, 5, 14:

    casses, retia,

    to shun, avoid, Ov. H. 20, 45; 190. —
    (γ).
    Absol.: neque quo pacto fallam... Scio quicquam, Caecil. ap. Cic. N. D. 3, 29 fin.:

    cum maxime fallunt, id agunt, ut viri boni esse videantur,

    Cic. Off. 1, 13, 41:

    ea (divinatio) fallit fortasse nonnumquam,

    id. Div. 1, 14, 25:

    non in sortitione fallere,

    id. Verr. 2, 2, 53, § 132:

    in ea re,

    Nep. Them. 7, 2; Cels. 7, 26, 2: ne falleret bis relata eadem res, Liv. 29, 35, 2:

    ut, si quid possent, de induciis fallendo impetrarent,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 13, 5:

    germinat et numquam fallentis termes olivae,

    Hor. Epod. 16, 45:

    plerumque sufflati atque tumidi (oratores) fallunt pro uberibus,

    Gell. 7, 14, 5.—
    B.
    Impers.: fallit (me) I deceive myself, I mistake, am mistaken:

    sed nos, nisi me fallit, jacebimus,

    Cic. Att. 14, 12, 2; cf.:

    nisi me propter benevolentiam forte fallebat,

    id. Cael. 19, 45; id. Sest. 50, 106:

    nec eum fefellit,

    id. Off. 2, 7, 25:

    vide, ne te fallat,

    Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 25. And cf. under II. B. 2.
    II.
    In partic.
    A.
    To deceive in swearing, to swear falsely:

    is jurare cum coepisset, vox eum defecit in illo loco: SI SCIENS FALLO,

    Cic. Fam. 7, 1, 2; cf.:

    lapidem silicem tenebant juraturi per Jovem haec verba dicentes: SI SCIENS FALLO, TVM ME DISPITER, etc., Paul. ex Fest. s. v. lapidem, p. 115 Müll.: si sciens fefellisset,

    Plin. Pan. 64, 3; cf. Liv. 21, 45, 8; Prop. 4, 7, 53:

    expedit matris cineres opertos Fallere,

    i. e. to swear falsely by the ashes of your mother, Hor. C. 2, 8, 10.—
    B.
    With respect to one's knowledge or sight, for the more usual latēre: to lie concealed from, to escape the notice, elude the observation of a person (so in Cic., Sall., and Caes. for the most part only impers., v. 2. infra).
    (α).
    With acc.:

    neque enim hoc te, Crasse, fallit, quam multa sint et quam varia genera dicendi,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 60, 255:

    tanto silentio in summum evasere, ut non custodes solum fallerent, sed, etc.,

    Liv. 5, 47, 3:

    nec fefellit veniens ducem,

    id. 2, 19, 7; Curt. 7, 6, 4; cf.:

    quin et Atridas duce te (Mercurio)... Priamus... Thessalosque ignes et iniqua Trojae Castra fefellit,

    Hor. C. 1, 10, 16:

    quos fallere et effugere est triumphus,

    id. ib. 4, 4, 52:

    Spartacum si qua potuit vagantem Fallere testa,

    id. ib. 3, 14, 20; Suet. Caes. 43:

    nec te Pythagorae fallant arcana,

    Hor. Epod. 15, 21; id. Ep. 1, 6, 45:

    nec quicquam eos, quae terra marique agerentur, fallebat,

    Liv. 41, 2, 1 Drak.:

    ut plebem tribunosque falleret judicii rescindendi consilium initum,

    id. 4, 11, 4:

    tanta celeritate, ut visum fallant,

    Plin. 9, 50, 74, § 157:

    oculos littera fallit,

    cannot be distinctly read, Ov. A. A. 3, 627.— With acc. and inf.:

    neutros fefellit hostes appropinquare,

    Liv. 31, 33, 8 Weissenb. ad loc.—Mid. with gen.:

    nec satis exaudiebam, nec sermonis fallebar tamen,

    Plaut. Ep. 2, 2, 55.—
    (β).
    Absol., to escape notice, be unseen, remain undiscovered:

    speculator Carthaginiensium, qui per biennium fefellerat, Romae deprehensus,

    Liv. 22, 33, 1; 25, 9, 2:

    spes fallendi, resistendive, si non falleret,

    of remaining unnoticed, id. 21, 57, 5:

    non fefellere ad Tifernum hostes instructi,

    id. 10, 14, 6.—So with part. perf., Liv. 42, 64, 3; 23, 19, 11.—With part. pres.: ne alio itinere hostis falleret ad urbem incedens, i. e. arrive secretly, lanthanoi prosiôn, Liv. 8, 20, 5; cf. id. 5, 47, 9; Verg. A. 7, 350:

    nec vixit male, qui natus moriensque fefellit,

    i. e. has remained unnoticed, Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 10:

    fallere pro aliquo,

    to pass for, Gell. 7, 14:

    bonus longe fallente sagitta,

    Verg. A. 9, 572.—
    2.
    Impers.: fallit (me), it is concealed from me, unknown to me, I do not know, am ignorant of (for the most part only with negatives or in negative interrogations), constr. with subject-clause:

    non me fefellit: sensi,

    Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 64:

    num me fefellit, hosce id struere?

    Ter. Heaut. 3, 2, 3; cf.:

    in lege nulla esse ejusmodi capita, te non fallit,

    Cic. Att. 3, 23, 4:

    nec me animi fallit, etc.,

    Lucr. 1, 136; 5, 97:

    quem fallit?

    who does not know? Plin. 2, 103, 106, § 233:

    neque vero Caesarem fefellit, quin, etc.,

    Caes. B C. 3, 94, 3.—
    C.
    To cause any thing (space, time, etc.) not to be observed or felt, to lighten any thing difficult, or to appease, silence any thing disagreeable, to beguile ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

    medias fallunt sermonibus horas Sentirique moram prohibent,

    Ov. M. 8, 652:

    jam somno fallere curam,

    Hor. S. 2, 7, 114:

    Fallebat curas aegraque corda labor,

    Ov. Tr. 3, 2, 16; cf.

    dolores,

    id. ib. 5, 7, 39:

    luctum,

    Val. Fl. 3, 319:

    molliter austerum studio fallente laborem,

    Hor. S. 2, 2, 12; Ov. M. 6, 60; Plin. 27, 7, 28, § 49.—Prov.:

    fallere credentem non est operosa puellam Gloria,

    Ov. H. 2, 63.—Hence, falsus, a, um, P. a., deceptive, pretended, feigned, deceitful, spurious, false (syn.: adulterinus, subditus, subditicius, spurius).
    A.
    [p. 722] Adj.:

    testes aut casu veri aut malitia falsi fictique esse possunt,

    Cic. Div. 2, 11, 27; cf.:

    falsum est id totum, neque solum fictum, sed etiam imperite absurdeque fictum,

    id. Rep. 2, 15:

    ementita et falsa plenaque erroris,

    id. N. D. 2, 21, 55:

    pro re certa spem falsam domum retulerunt,

    id. Rosc. Am. 38, 110; cf.:

    spe falsa atque fallaci,

    id. Phil. 12, 2, 7; so,

    spes,

    id. Sull. 82, 91:

    falsa et mendacia visa,

    id. Div. 2, 62, 127; cf.:

    falsa et inania visa,

    id. ib.:

    falsum et imitatione simulatum,

    id. de Or. 2, 45, 189; cf. id. Phil. 11, 2, 5:

    argumentum,

    id. Inv. 1, 48, 90:

    qui falsas lites falsis testimoniis Petunt,

    Plaut. Rud. prol. 13:

    reperiuntur falsi falsimoniis,

    id. Bacch. 3, 6, 12:

    ambitio multos mortales falsos fieri subegit,

    Sall. C. 10, 5 Kritz.:

    pater (opp. verus),

    a supposed father, Ov. M. 9, 24; cf. id. ib. 1, 754:

    falsi ac festinantes,

    Tac. A. 1, 7: suspectio, Enn. ap. Non. 511, 5:

    nuntius,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 38, 175:

    rumores,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 20, 2:

    poena falsarum et corruptarum litterarum,

    Cic. Fl. 17, 39; cf.:

    falsas esse litteras et a scriba vitiatas,

    Liv. 40, 55, 1:

    falsarum tabularum rei,

    Suet. Aug. 19:

    fama,

    Cic. Lael. 4, 15:

    appellatio,

    Quint. 7, 3, 5:

    sententiae,

    id. 8, 5, 7:

    crimina,

    Hor. C. 3, 7, 14;

    terrores,

    id. Ep. 2, 1, 212:

    opprobria,

    i. e. undeserved, id. ib. 1, 16, 38; cf.

    honor,

    id. ib. 39: falsi Simoëntis ad undam, i. e. fictitious (simulati), Verg. A. 3, 302; cf.:

    falsi sequimur vestigia tauri (i. e. Jovis),

    Val. Fl. 8, 265:

    vultu simulans Haliagmona,

    Stat. Th. 7, 739:

    ita ceteros terruere, ut adesse omnem exercitum trepidi ac falsi nuntiarent,

    Tac. H. 2, 17:

    ne illi falsi sunt qui divorsissumas res pariter expectant,

    deceived, mistaken, Sall. J. 85, 20; cf.:

    falsus utinam vates sim,

    Liv. 21, 10, 10; so,

    vates,

    id. 4, 46, 5.— Comp. (rare):

    quanto est abjectior et falsior ista (theologia),

    Aug. Civ. D. 7, 5 fin.:

    nihil est hominum inepta persuasione falsius,

    Petr. 132; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 92, 11 Müll.— Sup.:

    id autem falsissimum est,

    Col. 1, 6, 17.—
    (β).
    With gen.:

    Felix appellatur Arabia, falsi et ingrati cognominis,

    Plin. 12, 18, 41, § 82.—
    2.
    False, counterfeit, spurious, = adulterinus (late Lat.): moneta, Cod. Th. 9, 21, 9.—
    B.
    As subst.
    1.
    falsus, i, m., a liar, deceiver:

    Spurinnam ut falsum arguens,

    a false prophet, Suet. Caes. 81 fin.; id. Tib. 14.—
    2.
    falsum, i, n., falsehood, fraud:

    ex falsis verum effici non potest,

    Cic. Div. 2, 51, 106; cf.:

    veris falsa remiscet,

    Hor. A. P. 151:

    vero distinguere falsum,

    id. Ep. 1, 10, 29:

    falsum scripseram,

    Cic. Att. 7, 14, 2; Quint. 7, 2, 53:

    ex illa causa falsi,

    i. e. of fraud, Dig. 48, 10 (De lege Cornelia de falsis), 1;

    v. the whole title: acclinis falsis animus,

    Hor. S. 2, 2, 6:

    nec obstitit falsis Tiberius,

    Tac. A. 2, 82:

    simulationum falsa,

    id. ib. 6, 46 et saep.—Adverb.:

    telisque non in falsum jactis,

    i. e. not at random, with effect, Tac. A. 4, 50 fin.:

    jurare falsum,

    Ov. Am. 3, 3, 11.— Adv., untruly, erroneously, unfaithfully, wrongly, falsely; in two forms, falso and false.
    1.
    falso:

    eho mavis vituperari falso, quam vero extolli?

    Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 21 sq.; cf. id. Trin. 1, 2, 173;

    so opp. vero,

    Curt. 5, 2, 2: ei rei dant operam, ut mihi falso maledicatur, Cato ap. Charis. p. 179 P.: falso criminare, Enn. ap. Non. 470, 16:

    neque me perpetiar probri Falso insimulatam,

    id. Am. 3, 2, 7; 21; cf.:

    non possum quemquam insimulare falso,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 41, § 107:

    falso memoriae proditum,

    id. de Imp. Pomp. 14, 41:

    cum Tarquinius... vivere falso diceretur,

    id. Rep. 2, 21; cf.:

    adesse ejus equites falso nuntiabantur,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 14, 1:

    cum utrumque falso fingerent,

    Liv. 42, 2:

    falso in me conferri,

    Cic. Fam. 5, 5, 2: aliquem falso occidere, i. e. by mistake, Naev. ap. Charis. p. 179 P.; cf.:

    ut miseri parentes quos falso lugent, vivere sciant,

    Liv. 34, 32, 13; and:

    falso lamentari eas Darium vivum,

    Curt. 3, 12:

    falso queritur de natura sua genus humanum,

    Sall. J. 1:

    falso plurima volgus amat,

    Tib. 3, 3, 20 (so perh. also in Cic. Ac. 2, 46, 141, non assentiar saepe falso, instead of false).—Ellipt.: Da. Si quid narrare occepi, continuo dari tibi verba censes. Si. Falso, Ter. And. 3, 2, 24; cf.:

    atqui in talibus rebus aliud utile interdum, aliud honestum videri solet. Falso: nam, etc.,

    Cic. Off. 3, 18, 74; so Quint. 2, 17, 12; Nep. Alc. 9:

    quia inter inpotentes et validos falso quiescas, = quia falluntur qui putant quiesci posse,

    Tac. Germ. 36.—
    2.
    false (very rare): judicium false factum, Sisenn. ap. Charis. p. 179; Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 78 Fleck. (Cic. Ac. 2, 46, 141 dub., B. and K., al. falso).— Sup.:

    quae adversus haec falsissime disputantur,

    Aug. Conf. 10, 13.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > fallo

  • 5 falsum

    fallo, fĕfelli, falsum, 3 (archaic inf. praes. pass. fallier, Pers. 3, 50; perf. pass. fefellitus sum, Petr. Fragm. 61, MSS.), v. a. [Sanscr. sphal, sphul, to waver; Gr. sphallô, a-sphalês], to deceive, trick, dupe, cheat, disappoint (freq. and class.; syn.: decipio, impono, frustror, circumvenio, emungo, fraudo).
    I.
    In gen.
    (α).
    Of living objects:

    T. Roscius non unum rei pecuniariae socium fefellit, verum novem homines honestissimos ejusdem muneris, etc.... induxit, decepit, destituit, omni fraude et perfidia fefellit,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 40, 116 sq.; so,

    aliquem dolis,

    Ter. And. 3, 2, 13; cf. id. Heaut. 3, 1, 61:

    senem,

    Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 43:

    referam gratiam, atque eas itidem fallam, ut ab illis fallimur,

    Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 93: tu illum fructu fallas, Poët. ap. Cic. N. D. 3, 29, 73:

    id ipsum sui fallendi causa milites ab hostibus factum existimabant,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 50, 2:

    tum laqueis captare feras et fallere visco Inventum,

    Verg. G. 1, 139; cf. Ov. M. 15, 474:

    is enim sum, nisi me forte fallo, qui, etc.,

    Cic. Phil. 12, 8, 21:

    num me fefellit, Catilina, non modo res tanta, verum dies?

    id. Cat. 1, 3, 7:

    nisi me fallit animus,

    id. Rosc. Am. 17, 48; cf.:

    neque eum prima opinio fefellit,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 67, 3:

    ne spes eum fallat,

    Cic. Fam. 1, 3; Caes. B. G. 2, 10, 4:

    si in hominibus eligendis spes amicitiae nos fefellerit,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 11, § 28:

    in quo cum eum opinio fefellisset,

    Nep. Ages. 3, 5:

    nisi forte me animus fallit,

    Sall. C. 20, 17:

    nisi memoria me fallit,

    fails me, Gell. 20, p. 285 Bip.:

    nisi me omnia fallunt,

    Cic. Att. 8, 7, 1; cf.:

    omnia me fallunt, nisi, etc.,

    Sen. Ep. 95 med.:

    nisi quid me fallit,

    Cic. Fam. 5, 20, 6; cf.:

    si quid nunc me fallit in scribendo,

    id. ib. 3, 5, 4:

    dominum sterilis saepe fefellit ager,

    Ov. A. A. 1, 450:

    certe hercle hic se ipsus fallit, non ego,

    Ter. And. 3, 2, 15:

    tam libenter se fallunt, quam si una fata decipiunt,

    Sen. Brev. Vit. 11, 1:

    cum alios falleret, se ipsum tamen non fefellit,

    Lact. 1, 22, 5.— Pass. in mid. force, to deceive one's self, be deceived, to err, be mistaken:

    errore quodam fallimur in disputando,

    Cic. Rep. 3, 35:

    qua (spe) possumus falli: deus falli qui potuit?

    id. N. D. 3, 31, 76:

    memoriā falli,

    Plin. 10, 42, 59, § 118:

    jamque dies, nisi fallor, adest,

    Verg. A. 5, 49; Cic. Att. 4, 17, 1; 16, 6, 2:

    ni fallor,

    Ov. F. 4, 623; Lact. 2, 19, 1; cf.:

    ordinis haec virtus erit et venus, aut ego fallor,

    Hor. A. P. 42.—With object-clause:

    dicere non fallar, quo, etc.,

    Luc. 7, 288:

    quamquam haut falsa sum, nos odiosas haberi,

    Plaut. Aul. 2, 1, 4; cf.:

    id quam facile sit mihi, haud sum falsus,

    id. Men. 5, 2, 3; Ter. And. 4, 1, 23; Sall. J. 85, 20:

    neque ea res falsum me habuit,

    did not deceive me, id. ib. 10, 1:

    ut falsus animi est!

    Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 43.—
    (β).
    Of inanim. or abstr. objects:

    promissum,

    not to fulfil, Curt. 7, 10, 9:

    fidem hosti datam fallere,

    to violate, break, betray, deceive, Cic. Off. 1, 13, 39:

    quodsi meam spem vis improborum fefellerit atque superaverit,

    id. Cat. 4, 11, 23; cf. id. de Or. 1, 1, 2:

    non fallam opinionem tuam,

    id. Fam. 1, 6 fin.; cf. Caes. B. C. 3, 86 fin.:

    imperium,

    to fail to execute, Plin. 7, 37, 38, § 125:

    cum lubrica saxa vestigium fallerent,

    betrayed, Curt. 4, 9.— Poet.:

    tu faciem illius Falle dolo,

    imitate deceptively, assume, Verg. A. 1, 684:

    sua terga nocturno lupo,

    i. e. to hide, conceal, Prop. 4, 5, 14:

    casses, retia,

    to shun, avoid, Ov. H. 20, 45; 190. —
    (γ).
    Absol.: neque quo pacto fallam... Scio quicquam, Caecil. ap. Cic. N. D. 3, 29 fin.:

    cum maxime fallunt, id agunt, ut viri boni esse videantur,

    Cic. Off. 1, 13, 41:

    ea (divinatio) fallit fortasse nonnumquam,

    id. Div. 1, 14, 25:

    non in sortitione fallere,

    id. Verr. 2, 2, 53, § 132:

    in ea re,

    Nep. Them. 7, 2; Cels. 7, 26, 2: ne falleret bis relata eadem res, Liv. 29, 35, 2:

    ut, si quid possent, de induciis fallendo impetrarent,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 13, 5:

    germinat et numquam fallentis termes olivae,

    Hor. Epod. 16, 45:

    plerumque sufflati atque tumidi (oratores) fallunt pro uberibus,

    Gell. 7, 14, 5.—
    B.
    Impers.: fallit (me) I deceive myself, I mistake, am mistaken:

    sed nos, nisi me fallit, jacebimus,

    Cic. Att. 14, 12, 2; cf.:

    nisi me propter benevolentiam forte fallebat,

    id. Cael. 19, 45; id. Sest. 50, 106:

    nec eum fefellit,

    id. Off. 2, 7, 25:

    vide, ne te fallat,

    Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 25. And cf. under II. B. 2.
    II.
    In partic.
    A.
    To deceive in swearing, to swear falsely:

    is jurare cum coepisset, vox eum defecit in illo loco: SI SCIENS FALLO,

    Cic. Fam. 7, 1, 2; cf.:

    lapidem silicem tenebant juraturi per Jovem haec verba dicentes: SI SCIENS FALLO, TVM ME DISPITER, etc., Paul. ex Fest. s. v. lapidem, p. 115 Müll.: si sciens fefellisset,

    Plin. Pan. 64, 3; cf. Liv. 21, 45, 8; Prop. 4, 7, 53:

    expedit matris cineres opertos Fallere,

    i. e. to swear falsely by the ashes of your mother, Hor. C. 2, 8, 10.—
    B.
    With respect to one's knowledge or sight, for the more usual latēre: to lie concealed from, to escape the notice, elude the observation of a person (so in Cic., Sall., and Caes. for the most part only impers., v. 2. infra).
    (α).
    With acc.:

    neque enim hoc te, Crasse, fallit, quam multa sint et quam varia genera dicendi,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 60, 255:

    tanto silentio in summum evasere, ut non custodes solum fallerent, sed, etc.,

    Liv. 5, 47, 3:

    nec fefellit veniens ducem,

    id. 2, 19, 7; Curt. 7, 6, 4; cf.:

    quin et Atridas duce te (Mercurio)... Priamus... Thessalosque ignes et iniqua Trojae Castra fefellit,

    Hor. C. 1, 10, 16:

    quos fallere et effugere est triumphus,

    id. ib. 4, 4, 52:

    Spartacum si qua potuit vagantem Fallere testa,

    id. ib. 3, 14, 20; Suet. Caes. 43:

    nec te Pythagorae fallant arcana,

    Hor. Epod. 15, 21; id. Ep. 1, 6, 45:

    nec quicquam eos, quae terra marique agerentur, fallebat,

    Liv. 41, 2, 1 Drak.:

    ut plebem tribunosque falleret judicii rescindendi consilium initum,

    id. 4, 11, 4:

    tanta celeritate, ut visum fallant,

    Plin. 9, 50, 74, § 157:

    oculos littera fallit,

    cannot be distinctly read, Ov. A. A. 3, 627.— With acc. and inf.:

    neutros fefellit hostes appropinquare,

    Liv. 31, 33, 8 Weissenb. ad loc.—Mid. with gen.:

    nec satis exaudiebam, nec sermonis fallebar tamen,

    Plaut. Ep. 2, 2, 55.—
    (β).
    Absol., to escape notice, be unseen, remain undiscovered:

    speculator Carthaginiensium, qui per biennium fefellerat, Romae deprehensus,

    Liv. 22, 33, 1; 25, 9, 2:

    spes fallendi, resistendive, si non falleret,

    of remaining unnoticed, id. 21, 57, 5:

    non fefellere ad Tifernum hostes instructi,

    id. 10, 14, 6.—So with part. perf., Liv. 42, 64, 3; 23, 19, 11.—With part. pres.: ne alio itinere hostis falleret ad urbem incedens, i. e. arrive secretly, lanthanoi prosiôn, Liv. 8, 20, 5; cf. id. 5, 47, 9; Verg. A. 7, 350:

    nec vixit male, qui natus moriensque fefellit,

    i. e. has remained unnoticed, Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 10:

    fallere pro aliquo,

    to pass for, Gell. 7, 14:

    bonus longe fallente sagitta,

    Verg. A. 9, 572.—
    2.
    Impers.: fallit (me), it is concealed from me, unknown to me, I do not know, am ignorant of (for the most part only with negatives or in negative interrogations), constr. with subject-clause:

    non me fefellit: sensi,

    Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 64:

    num me fefellit, hosce id struere?

    Ter. Heaut. 3, 2, 3; cf.:

    in lege nulla esse ejusmodi capita, te non fallit,

    Cic. Att. 3, 23, 4:

    nec me animi fallit, etc.,

    Lucr. 1, 136; 5, 97:

    quem fallit?

    who does not know? Plin. 2, 103, 106, § 233:

    neque vero Caesarem fefellit, quin, etc.,

    Caes. B C. 3, 94, 3.—
    C.
    To cause any thing (space, time, etc.) not to be observed or felt, to lighten any thing difficult, or to appease, silence any thing disagreeable, to beguile ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

    medias fallunt sermonibus horas Sentirique moram prohibent,

    Ov. M. 8, 652:

    jam somno fallere curam,

    Hor. S. 2, 7, 114:

    Fallebat curas aegraque corda labor,

    Ov. Tr. 3, 2, 16; cf.

    dolores,

    id. ib. 5, 7, 39:

    luctum,

    Val. Fl. 3, 319:

    molliter austerum studio fallente laborem,

    Hor. S. 2, 2, 12; Ov. M. 6, 60; Plin. 27, 7, 28, § 49.—Prov.:

    fallere credentem non est operosa puellam Gloria,

    Ov. H. 2, 63.—Hence, falsus, a, um, P. a., deceptive, pretended, feigned, deceitful, spurious, false (syn.: adulterinus, subditus, subditicius, spurius).
    A.
    [p. 722] Adj.:

    testes aut casu veri aut malitia falsi fictique esse possunt,

    Cic. Div. 2, 11, 27; cf.:

    falsum est id totum, neque solum fictum, sed etiam imperite absurdeque fictum,

    id. Rep. 2, 15:

    ementita et falsa plenaque erroris,

    id. N. D. 2, 21, 55:

    pro re certa spem falsam domum retulerunt,

    id. Rosc. Am. 38, 110; cf.:

    spe falsa atque fallaci,

    id. Phil. 12, 2, 7; so,

    spes,

    id. Sull. 82, 91:

    falsa et mendacia visa,

    id. Div. 2, 62, 127; cf.:

    falsa et inania visa,

    id. ib.:

    falsum et imitatione simulatum,

    id. de Or. 2, 45, 189; cf. id. Phil. 11, 2, 5:

    argumentum,

    id. Inv. 1, 48, 90:

    qui falsas lites falsis testimoniis Petunt,

    Plaut. Rud. prol. 13:

    reperiuntur falsi falsimoniis,

    id. Bacch. 3, 6, 12:

    ambitio multos mortales falsos fieri subegit,

    Sall. C. 10, 5 Kritz.:

    pater (opp. verus),

    a supposed father, Ov. M. 9, 24; cf. id. ib. 1, 754:

    falsi ac festinantes,

    Tac. A. 1, 7: suspectio, Enn. ap. Non. 511, 5:

    nuntius,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 38, 175:

    rumores,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 20, 2:

    poena falsarum et corruptarum litterarum,

    Cic. Fl. 17, 39; cf.:

    falsas esse litteras et a scriba vitiatas,

    Liv. 40, 55, 1:

    falsarum tabularum rei,

    Suet. Aug. 19:

    fama,

    Cic. Lael. 4, 15:

    appellatio,

    Quint. 7, 3, 5:

    sententiae,

    id. 8, 5, 7:

    crimina,

    Hor. C. 3, 7, 14;

    terrores,

    id. Ep. 2, 1, 212:

    opprobria,

    i. e. undeserved, id. ib. 1, 16, 38; cf.

    honor,

    id. ib. 39: falsi Simoëntis ad undam, i. e. fictitious (simulati), Verg. A. 3, 302; cf.:

    falsi sequimur vestigia tauri (i. e. Jovis),

    Val. Fl. 8, 265:

    vultu simulans Haliagmona,

    Stat. Th. 7, 739:

    ita ceteros terruere, ut adesse omnem exercitum trepidi ac falsi nuntiarent,

    Tac. H. 2, 17:

    ne illi falsi sunt qui divorsissumas res pariter expectant,

    deceived, mistaken, Sall. J. 85, 20; cf.:

    falsus utinam vates sim,

    Liv. 21, 10, 10; so,

    vates,

    id. 4, 46, 5.— Comp. (rare):

    quanto est abjectior et falsior ista (theologia),

    Aug. Civ. D. 7, 5 fin.:

    nihil est hominum inepta persuasione falsius,

    Petr. 132; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 92, 11 Müll.— Sup.:

    id autem falsissimum est,

    Col. 1, 6, 17.—
    (β).
    With gen.:

    Felix appellatur Arabia, falsi et ingrati cognominis,

    Plin. 12, 18, 41, § 82.—
    2.
    False, counterfeit, spurious, = adulterinus (late Lat.): moneta, Cod. Th. 9, 21, 9.—
    B.
    As subst.
    1.
    falsus, i, m., a liar, deceiver:

    Spurinnam ut falsum arguens,

    a false prophet, Suet. Caes. 81 fin.; id. Tib. 14.—
    2.
    falsum, i, n., falsehood, fraud:

    ex falsis verum effici non potest,

    Cic. Div. 2, 51, 106; cf.:

    veris falsa remiscet,

    Hor. A. P. 151:

    vero distinguere falsum,

    id. Ep. 1, 10, 29:

    falsum scripseram,

    Cic. Att. 7, 14, 2; Quint. 7, 2, 53:

    ex illa causa falsi,

    i. e. of fraud, Dig. 48, 10 (De lege Cornelia de falsis), 1;

    v. the whole title: acclinis falsis animus,

    Hor. S. 2, 2, 6:

    nec obstitit falsis Tiberius,

    Tac. A. 2, 82:

    simulationum falsa,

    id. ib. 6, 46 et saep.—Adverb.:

    telisque non in falsum jactis,

    i. e. not at random, with effect, Tac. A. 4, 50 fin.:

    jurare falsum,

    Ov. Am. 3, 3, 11.— Adv., untruly, erroneously, unfaithfully, wrongly, falsely; in two forms, falso and false.
    1.
    falso:

    eho mavis vituperari falso, quam vero extolli?

    Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 21 sq.; cf. id. Trin. 1, 2, 173;

    so opp. vero,

    Curt. 5, 2, 2: ei rei dant operam, ut mihi falso maledicatur, Cato ap. Charis. p. 179 P.: falso criminare, Enn. ap. Non. 470, 16:

    neque me perpetiar probri Falso insimulatam,

    id. Am. 3, 2, 7; 21; cf.:

    non possum quemquam insimulare falso,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 41, § 107:

    falso memoriae proditum,

    id. de Imp. Pomp. 14, 41:

    cum Tarquinius... vivere falso diceretur,

    id. Rep. 2, 21; cf.:

    adesse ejus equites falso nuntiabantur,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 14, 1:

    cum utrumque falso fingerent,

    Liv. 42, 2:

    falso in me conferri,

    Cic. Fam. 5, 5, 2: aliquem falso occidere, i. e. by mistake, Naev. ap. Charis. p. 179 P.; cf.:

    ut miseri parentes quos falso lugent, vivere sciant,

    Liv. 34, 32, 13; and:

    falso lamentari eas Darium vivum,

    Curt. 3, 12:

    falso queritur de natura sua genus humanum,

    Sall. J. 1:

    falso plurima volgus amat,

    Tib. 3, 3, 20 (so perh. also in Cic. Ac. 2, 46, 141, non assentiar saepe falso, instead of false).—Ellipt.: Da. Si quid narrare occepi, continuo dari tibi verba censes. Si. Falso, Ter. And. 3, 2, 24; cf.:

    atqui in talibus rebus aliud utile interdum, aliud honestum videri solet. Falso: nam, etc.,

    Cic. Off. 3, 18, 74; so Quint. 2, 17, 12; Nep. Alc. 9:

    quia inter inpotentes et validos falso quiescas, = quia falluntur qui putant quiesci posse,

    Tac. Germ. 36.—
    2.
    false (very rare): judicium false factum, Sisenn. ap. Charis. p. 179; Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 78 Fleck. (Cic. Ac. 2, 46, 141 dub., B. and K., al. falso).— Sup.:

    quae adversus haec falsissime disputantur,

    Aug. Conf. 10, 13.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > falsum

  • 6 Jupiter

    Jūppĭter ( Jūpĭter; in all good MSS. double p; v. Wagner, Orthogr. Vergl. s. h. v.), Jŏvis (nom. Jovis, Enn. ap. App. de Deo Socr. p. 42; Ann. v. 64 Vahl.), m. [Jovis-pater; Jovis for Djovis, kindred to Sanscr. dyō, splendere; Gr. Zeus; cf. Bopp. Gloss. p. 177, a], Jupiter or Jove, a son of Saturn, brother and husband of Juno, the chief god among the Romans; corresp. to the Gr. Zeus, Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 89; Cic. N. D. 2, 26, 64; 3, 21, 53: Juppiter pater, old formula ap. Liv. 1, 18 ext.:

    Jovis satelles,

    the eagle, Cic. Div. 1, 47, 106; so,

    Jovis ales,

    Ov. A. A. 3, 420.—As the god of omens, etc.:

    te prodigiali Iovi conprecatam oportuit,

    Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 108.—Prov.: Jovem lapidem jurare, said of one who swore by Jupiter (holding in one hand a knife with which he pierced the sacrificial sow, and in the other hand a stone);

    of gossips: sciunt quod Juno fabulata'st cum Jove,

    Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 171; Paul. ex Fest. s v. lapidem, p. 115 Müll.; Cic. Fam. 7, 12, 2; Gell. 1, 21, 4.—In plur.:

    Varro trecentos Joves (sive Juppiteres dicendum) introducit,

    Tert. Apol. 14;

    and, trop.: repente ut emoriantur humani Joves,

    Plaut. Cas. 2, 5, 26:

    Joves quoque plures in priscis Graecorum litteris invenimus,

    Cic. N. D. 3, 16, 42.—
    II.
    Transf.
    A.
    As the god of heaven, his name is freq. used by the poets as i. q. Heaven, sky, air: aspice hoc sublimen candens, quem invocant omnes Jovem, Enn. ap. Cic. N. D. 2, 25, 65:

    Chrysippus disputat, aethera esse eum, quem homines Jovem appellarent,

    Cic. N. D. 1, 15, 40:

    sub Jove frigido,

    Hor. C. 1, 1, 25:

    malus,

    id. ib. 1, 22, 20:

    metuendus, i. e. pluvius,

    Verg. G. 2, 419:

    hibernus,

    Stat. Th. 3, 26:

    sub Jove pars durat,

    in the open air, Ov. F. 3, 527:

    loci,

    the temperature, id. M. 13, 707.—
    B.
    Juppiter Stygius, i. e. Pluto, Verg. A. 4, 638; cf.

    terrestris,

    Plaut. Pers. 1, 3, 20; of the planet Jupiter, Cic. N. D. 2, 20; Luc. 10, 207.—
    C.
    As an exclamation of surprise, i. q. our My heavens! good heavens! Juppiter! estne illic Charinus? Plaut. Merc. 5, 2, 24.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > Jupiter

  • 7 Juppiter

    Jūppĭter ( Jūpĭter; in all good MSS. double p; v. Wagner, Orthogr. Vergl. s. h. v.), Jŏvis (nom. Jovis, Enn. ap. App. de Deo Socr. p. 42; Ann. v. 64 Vahl.), m. [Jovis-pater; Jovis for Djovis, kindred to Sanscr. dyō, splendere; Gr. Zeus; cf. Bopp. Gloss. p. 177, a], Jupiter or Jove, a son of Saturn, brother and husband of Juno, the chief god among the Romans; corresp. to the Gr. Zeus, Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 89; Cic. N. D. 2, 26, 64; 3, 21, 53: Juppiter pater, old formula ap. Liv. 1, 18 ext.:

    Jovis satelles,

    the eagle, Cic. Div. 1, 47, 106; so,

    Jovis ales,

    Ov. A. A. 3, 420.—As the god of omens, etc.:

    te prodigiali Iovi conprecatam oportuit,

    Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 108.—Prov.: Jovem lapidem jurare, said of one who swore by Jupiter (holding in one hand a knife with which he pierced the sacrificial sow, and in the other hand a stone);

    of gossips: sciunt quod Juno fabulata'st cum Jove,

    Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 171; Paul. ex Fest. s v. lapidem, p. 115 Müll.; Cic. Fam. 7, 12, 2; Gell. 1, 21, 4.—In plur.:

    Varro trecentos Joves (sive Juppiteres dicendum) introducit,

    Tert. Apol. 14;

    and, trop.: repente ut emoriantur humani Joves,

    Plaut. Cas. 2, 5, 26:

    Joves quoque plures in priscis Graecorum litteris invenimus,

    Cic. N. D. 3, 16, 42.—
    II.
    Transf.
    A.
    As the god of heaven, his name is freq. used by the poets as i. q. Heaven, sky, air: aspice hoc sublimen candens, quem invocant omnes Jovem, Enn. ap. Cic. N. D. 2, 25, 65:

    Chrysippus disputat, aethera esse eum, quem homines Jovem appellarent,

    Cic. N. D. 1, 15, 40:

    sub Jove frigido,

    Hor. C. 1, 1, 25:

    malus,

    id. ib. 1, 22, 20:

    metuendus, i. e. pluvius,

    Verg. G. 2, 419:

    hibernus,

    Stat. Th. 3, 26:

    sub Jove pars durat,

    in the open air, Ov. F. 3, 527:

    loci,

    the temperature, id. M. 13, 707.—
    B.
    Juppiter Stygius, i. e. Pluto, Verg. A. 4, 638; cf.

    terrestris,

    Plaut. Pers. 1, 3, 20; of the planet Jupiter, Cic. N. D. 2, 20; Luc. 10, 207.—
    C.
    As an exclamation of surprise, i. q. our My heavens! good heavens! Juppiter! estne illic Charinus? Plaut. Merc. 5, 2, 24.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > Juppiter

  • 8 manale

    1.
    mānālis, e, adj. [mano], flowing (ante-class.): manalem fontem dici pro eo, quod aqua ex eo semper manet, Paul. ex Fest. p. 128 Müll.; cf. id. p. 157 ib.:

    manalem vocabant lapidem etiam (cf. another signif. in the foll. art.) petram quandam, quae erat extra portam Capenam juxta aedem Martis, quam cum propter nimiam siccitatem in Urbem protraherent, insequebatur pluvia statim,

    id. p. 128 ib.; cf.: manalis lapis, qui tunc movetur, cum pluviae exoptantur, Varr. ap. Non. 547, 10, and Fulg. Expos. Serm. p. 559, 16 sq.—Hence, subst.: mānāle, is, n., a ewer, Varr. ap. Non. 547, 9; cf. aquaemanalis.
    2.
    Mānālis, e, adj. [Manes], of or belonging to the Manes: Manalem lapidem putabant esse ostium Orci, per quod animae inferorum ad superos manarent, qui dicuntur manes, Paul. ex Fest. p. 128, 14 Müll. (perhaps from the same origin as the preceding word).

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > manale

  • 9 Manalis

    1.
    mānālis, e, adj. [mano], flowing (ante-class.): manalem fontem dici pro eo, quod aqua ex eo semper manet, Paul. ex Fest. p. 128 Müll.; cf. id. p. 157 ib.:

    manalem vocabant lapidem etiam (cf. another signif. in the foll. art.) petram quandam, quae erat extra portam Capenam juxta aedem Martis, quam cum propter nimiam siccitatem in Urbem protraherent, insequebatur pluvia statim,

    id. p. 128 ib.; cf.: manalis lapis, qui tunc movetur, cum pluviae exoptantur, Varr. ap. Non. 547, 10, and Fulg. Expos. Serm. p. 559, 16 sq.—Hence, subst.: mānāle, is, n., a ewer, Varr. ap. Non. 547, 9; cf. aquaemanalis.
    2.
    Mānālis, e, adj. [Manes], of or belonging to the Manes: Manalem lapidem putabant esse ostium Orci, per quod animae inferorum ad superos manarent, qui dicuntur manes, Paul. ex Fest. p. 128, 14 Müll. (perhaps from the same origin as the preceding word).

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > Manalis

  • 10 manalis

    1.
    mānālis, e, adj. [mano], flowing (ante-class.): manalem fontem dici pro eo, quod aqua ex eo semper manet, Paul. ex Fest. p. 128 Müll.; cf. id. p. 157 ib.:

    manalem vocabant lapidem etiam (cf. another signif. in the foll. art.) petram quandam, quae erat extra portam Capenam juxta aedem Martis, quam cum propter nimiam siccitatem in Urbem protraherent, insequebatur pluvia statim,

    id. p. 128 ib.; cf.: manalis lapis, qui tunc movetur, cum pluviae exoptantur, Varr. ap. Non. 547, 10, and Fulg. Expos. Serm. p. 559, 16 sq.—Hence, subst.: mānāle, is, n., a ewer, Varr. ap. Non. 547, 9; cf. aquaemanalis.
    2.
    Mānālis, e, adj. [Manes], of or belonging to the Manes: Manalem lapidem putabant esse ostium Orci, per quod animae inferorum ad superos manarent, qui dicuntur manes, Paul. ex Fest. p. 128, 14 Müll. (perhaps from the same origin as the preceding word).

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > manalis

  • 11 silex

    sĭlex, ĭcis, m. ( poet. and late Lat.; also fem., Verg. E. 1, 15; id. A. 6, 471; 6, 602; 8, 233; Ov. M. 9, 225; 9, 304; 9, 613; Amm. 14, 6, 16; cf. Quint. 1, 6, 2; gen. plur. silicum, Lucr. 6, 683; Luc. 4, 304) [root sar-, to be firm; cf.: solum, solidus].
    I.
    Any hard stone found in fields, a pebble-stone, a flint, flint-stone:

    silicem caedere,

    Cic. Div. 2, 41, 85:

    silice vias sternere,

    Liv. 41, 27; cf. id. 41, 27, § 7:

    silici scintillam excudere,

    Verg. A. 1, 174:

    gravem medios silicem jaculatus in hostes,

    Ov. M. 7, 139 et saep.:

    per ampla spatia urbis, subversasque silices,

    pavements, Amm. 14, 6, 16; cf.:

    silicem pedibus quae conteret atrum,

    Juv. 6, 350.— Freq. joined with lapis: Ag. Illa mulier lapidem silicem subigere, ut se amet, potest. Mi. Pol id quidem haud mentire:

    nam tu es lapide silice stultior,

    Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 77 sq.; Cato, R. R. 18, 3; Liv. 30, 43; Fest. s. v. lapidem, p. 115 Müll.; and in inscrr.: II VIRI VIAM LAPID(e) SILIC(e) STERN(endam) CVR(averunt), Inscr. Bull. dell' Inst. 1839, p. 60; so Inscr. Orell. 6617.—With saxum:

    porcum saxo silice percussit,

    Liv. 1, 24 fin. —To denote hard-heartedness:

    non silice nati sumus,

    Cic. Tusc. 3, 6, 12:

    nec in tenero stat tibi corde silex,

    Tib. 1, 1, 64:

    nec rigidas silices in pectore gerit,

    Ov. M. 9, 614:

    et dicam silices pectus habere tuum,

    id. Tr. 3, 11, 4:

    moturaque duras Verba queror silices,

    id. M. 9, 304.—
    II.
    In gen., a rock, crag ( poet.), Lucr. 6, 683:

    validi silices,

    id. 1, 571; 2, 449:

    stabat acuta silex praecisis undique saxis,

    Verg. A. 8, 233:

    nudus silex,

    bare rick, Sen. Phoen. 69:

    excisae rupes durissimi silicis,

    Suet. Calig. 37:

    juventus duris silicum lassata metallis,

    Luc. 4, 304:

    Lycius Phrygiusque silex,

    Stat. S. 1, 2, 148.—Of limestone, Ov. M. 7, 107; cf. Plin. 36, 23, 53, § 174.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > silex

  • 12 ad

       ad praep. with acc.    [cf. Eng. at].—Of approach (opp. to ab, as in to ex).    I. In space, to, toward: retorquet oculos ad urbem: una pars vergit ad septentriones, Cs.: tendens ad sidera palmas, V. —Fig.: ad alia vitia propensior, more inclined to. —Esp., ad dextram, sinistram, or laevam, to or on the right or left: ito ad dextram, T.: alqd ad dextram conspicere, Cs.: non rectā regione... sed ad laevam, L.—Designating the goal, to, toward: ad ripam convenire, Cs.: vocari ad cenam, H.: ad se adferre: reticulum ad narīs sibi admovebat (cf. accedit ad urbem, he approaches the city; and, accedit provinciae, it is added to the province).— Ad me, te, se, for domum meam, tuam, suam (in T. freq.): eamus ad me, T. — With gen., ellipt.: ad Dianae, to the temple of, T.: ad Castoris currere. — Used for dat: litteras dare ad aliquem, to write one a letter (cf. litteras dare alicui, to give a letter to one): domum ad te scribere: ad primam (epistulam) scribere, to answer.—Hence, librum ad aliquem mittere, scribere, to dedicate a book to one. —In titles, ad aliquem signifies to, addressed to.— With names of towns, ad answers to Whither? for the simple acc., i. e. to the vicinity of, to the neighborhood of: ad Aquinum accedere, approach: ut cum suis copiis iret ad Mutinam. — Of hostile movement or protection, against (cf. adversus): veniri ad se existimantes, Cs.: ipse ad hostem vehitur, N.: Romulus ad regem impetum facit (cf. in), L.: clipeos ad tela protecti obiciunt, V.: ad hos casūs provisa praesidia, Cs.—In war, of manner of fighting: ad pedes pugna venerat, was fought out on foot, L.: equitem ad pedes deducere, L.: pugna ad gladios venerat, L. — Emphatic of distance, to, even to, all the way to: a Salonis ad Oricum portūs... occupavit, Cs.: usque a Dianis ad Sinopum navigare. — Fig.: deverberasse usque ad necem, T.: virgis ad necem caedi.—Of nearness or proximity in gen. (cf. apud), near to, by, at, close by: ad forīs adsistere: Ianum ad infimum Argiletum fecit, L.: quod Romanis ad manum domi supplementum esset, at hand, L.: errantem ad flumina, V.; and ellipt.: pecunia utinam ad Opis maneret! — Of persons: qui primum pilum ad Caesarem duxerat, Cs.: ad me fuit, at my house: ad inferos poenas parricidi luent, among.—So, fig.: ad omnīs nationes sanctum, in the judgment of, Cs.: ut esset ad posteros monumentum, etc., L.: ad urbem esse (of a general outside of the walls): ad urbem cum imperio remanere, Cs.—With names of towns and verbs of rest: pons, qui erat ad Genavam, Cs.; and with an ordinal number and lapis: sepultus ad quintum lapidem, N.—    II. In time, about, toward: domum reductus ad vesperum, toward evening.—Till, until, to, even to, up to: usque ad hanc aetatem: ad multam noctem: amant ad quoddam tempus, until: quem ad finem? how long: ad quartam (sc. horam), H. — Hence, ad id (sc. tempus), till then: ad id dubios servare animos, L.— At, on, in, by: ad horam destinatam, at the appointed hour: frumentum ad diem dare. —    III. In number or amount, near, near to, almost, about, toward (cf. circiter): talenta ad quindecim coëgi, T.: annos ad quadraginta natus.—Adverb.: occisis ad hominum milibus quattuor, Cs.: ad duo milia et trecenti occisi, L.—Of a limit, to, unto, even to (rare): (viaticum) ad assem perdere, to the last farthing, H.: ad denarium solvere. —Esp., ad unum, to a single one, without exception: omnes ad unum idem sentiunt: exosus ad unum Troianos, V. —    IV. In other relations, with regard to, in respect of, in relation to, as to, to, in: ad honorem antecellere: nihil ad rem pertinet.—Ellipt.: rectene an secus, nihil ad nos: Quid ad praetorem? quid ad rem? i. e. what difference does it make? H.: quibus (auxiliaribus) ad pugnam confidebat, Cs.: ad speciem ornatus, ad sensum acerbus: mentis ad omnia caecitas: ad cetera paene gemelli, H.: facultas ad dicendum.—With words denoting measure, weight, manner, model, rule, etc., according to, agreeably to, after: taleis ad certum pondus examinatis, Cs.: ad cursūs lunae describit annum, L.: canere ad tibiam: carmen castigare ad unguem, to perfection (see unguis), H.: ad istorum normam sapientes: ad specus angustiae vallium (i. e. ad specuum similitudinem angustae valles), Cs. — With the cause or reason, according to, at, on, in consequence of, for, in order to: ad horum proces in Boeotiam duxit, on their entreaty, L.: dictis ad fallendum instructis, L.: causae ad discordiam, to produce dissension, T.: ad facinora incendere, S.: ad speciem tabernaculis relictis, for appearance, Cs.: ad id, for this use, as a means to that end, L.: ad id ipsum, for that my purpose, L.: delecto milite ad navīs, marines, L.: puer ad cyathum statuetur, H.: biiugi ad frena leones, yoked in pairs with bits, V.: res quae sunt ad incendia, Cs.: ad communem salutem utilius.—In comparison, to, compared with, in comparison with: terra ad universi caeli complexum: nihil ad tuum equitatum, Caesar.—    V. In adverbial phrases, ad omnia, withal, to crown all: ad omnia tantum advehi auri, etc., L.—Ad hoc and ad haec, moreover, besides, in addition: ad hoc, quos... postremo omnes, quos, etc., S. — Ad id quod, beside that (rare): ad id quod... indignitate etiam Romani accendebantur, L. — Ad tempus, at a definite, fixed time, C., L.; at a fit, appropriate time, L.; for some time, for a short time, L.; according to circumstances. — Ad praesens, for the moment, for a short time.—Ad locum, on the spot: ut ad locum miles esset paratus, L.—Ad verbum, word for word, literally. — Ad summam, on the whole, generally, in general; in a word, in short, C., H.—Ad extremum, ad ultimum, ad postremum, at the end, finally, at last; of place, at the extremity, at the top, at the end: ad extremum (teli) unde ferrum exstabat, L.; of time, at last, finally: ad extremum incipit philosophari; of order, finally, lastly; to the last degree, quite, L. — Quem ad finem? to what limit? how far? how long? Note.—a. Ad rarely follows its acc: quam ad, T.: quos ad, C.: ripam ad Araxis, Ta.—b. In composition, ad- stands before vowels, b, d, f, h, i consonant, m, n, q, v, and mostly before l, r, s; acbefore c; but very often ad- before cl-, cr-, and cu-; ag- or ad- before g; ap- or ad- before p; atbefore t; but a- or ad- before gn, sp, sc, st.
    * * *
    I II
    to, up to, towards; near, at; until, on, by; almost; according to; about w/NUM

    Latin-English dictionary > ad

  • 13 con-gēlō

        con-gēlō āvī, ātus, āre,    to freeze together, congeal: cum duro lingua palato Congelat, stiffens, O.: alqd congelat aëre tacto, is petrified, O.—Fig., to grow stiff: congelasse amicum otio.—To freeze, make stiff: in lapidem rictūs serpentis, O.

    Latin-English dictionary > con-gēlō

  • 14 gutta

        gutta ae, f     a drop: numerus in cadentibus guttis: guttae imbrium: liquuntur sanguine guttae, V.: Sanguinis in facie non haeret gutta, i. e. blush, Iu.—Prov.: Gutta cavat lapidem, O.— Spots, specks: Nigraque caeruleis variari corpora guttis, O.: (apium) paribus lita corpora guttis, V.
    * * *
    drop, spot, speck

    Latin-English dictionary > gutta

  • 15 impingō (inp-)

        impingō (inp-) pēgī, pāctus, ere    [1 in+pango], to dash against, throw on, thrust at, fasten upon: alcui lapidem, Ph.: uncus impactus est fugitivo illi: agmina muris, V.: hostes in vallum, Ta.: clitellas ferus impingas, H.: cum caede magnā (hostem) in aciem inpegere, L.—Fig.: Dicam tibi inpingam grandem, will bring against you, T. —To force upon, press upon: huic calix mulsi impingendus est.

    Latin-English dictionary > impingō (inp-)

  • 16 iūrō

        iūrō āvī, ātus, āre    [2 ius], to swear, take an oath: si aram tenens iuraret: ex animi tui sententiā, without reservation: Boeotum in crasso iurares aëre natum, H.: falsum, swear falsely: vere: testari deos per quos iuravisset, S.: per Iovem, by Jupiter: aedilis, qui pro se iuraret, in his stead, L.: idem omnis exercitus in se quisque iurat, i. e. each soldier individually, L.: Numquam ducturum uxorem, T.: se eum non deserturum, Cs.: verissimum ius iurandum.—With in and acc, to swear to observe, swear allegiance, vow obedience, adopt under oath: in legem: in leges, L.: in haec verba iurat ipse, takes this form of oath, Cs.: cur in certa verba iurent: in haec verba iures postulo, in this form of words, L.: in verba magistri, echo the sentiments, H.—To swear by, attest, call to witness: Terram, Mare, Sidera, V.: Iovem lapidem: quaevis tibi numina, O.: Samothracum aras, Iu.: Iurandae tuum per nomen arae, H.: dis iuranda palus, the Styx, by which the gods swear, O.—To swear to, attest by an oath: morbum, to the fact of sickness: id (nomen) iurare in litem, swear to a debt.—With person. obj., to swear, bind by an oath, cause to swear (only perf pass.): iudici demonstrandum est, quid iuratus sit: lex, in quam iurati sitis: iuratus se eum interempturum, L.— To conspire: In me, O.: in facinus, O.—In the phrase: iurare calumniam, to swear that an accusation is not malicious, L.

    Latin-English dictionary > iūrō

  • 17 māchina

        māchina ae, f, μηχανή, a machine, engine: columnae machinā appositā: Torquet lapidem machina, H.: Trahunt machinae carinas, H.—A military machine, warlike engine: oppidum machinis omnium generum expugnare, S.: in nostros fabricata muros, V.—Fig., a device, contrivance, trick, artifice, stratagem: legem tamquam machinam comparari: omnibus machinis oppugnari.
    * * *
    machine; siege engine; scheme

    Latin-English dictionary > māchina

  • 18 re-pōnō

        re-pōnō posuī, positus    (repostus, V., H.), ere, to put back, set back, replace, restore: suo quemque loco lapidem: omnem humum, earth (from a pit), V.: pecuniam duplam in thensauros, restore, L.: in cubitum se, lean again (at table), H.: columnas: nos in sceptra, reinstate, V.: donata, H.: flammis ambesa reponunt Robora navigiis, restore, V.: plena Pocula, i. e. keep filling, V.: vina mensis, set again (for a second course), V.: Altius ingreditur, et mollia crura reponit, i. e. sets down alternately, V.—To lay back, lay out, stretch out: membra (mortui) toro, V.: membra stratis, V.— To lay aside, put away, lay up, store, keep, preserve, reserve: fructūs: formicae farris acervum tecto reponunt, V.: Caecubum ad festas dapes, H.: (gratia) sequitur tellure repostos, buried, V.: pias laetis animas Sedibus, H.—To lay aside, lay down, lay by, put away: arma omnia, Cs.: feretro reposto, V.: Telas, O.: iam falcem arbusta reponunt, i. e. do not need, V.—To lay, place, put, set: grues in tergo praevolantium colla reponunt: colla in plumis, O.: litteras in gremio, L.: ligna super foco, H.—To place instead, make compensation: Catulo, make amends: meas epistulas delere, ut reponas tuas: Aristophanem pro Eupoli: praeclarum diem illis, Verria ut agerent.—Fig., to put back, replace, restore, renew, repeat: Nec virtus, cum semel excidit, Curat reponi deterioribus, H.: Achillem, to reproduce (as an epic hero), H.— To repay, requite, return: tibi idem: Semper ego auditor tantum? nunquamne reponam? retaliate, Iu.—To lay up, store, keep: manet altā mente repostum Iudicium Paridis, V.: odium, Ta.—In thought, to place, count, reckon, class: in vestrā mansuetudine causam totam: spem omnem in virtute, Cs.: in caritate civium nihil spei, L.: plus in duce quam in exercitu, Ta.: alquos in deorum coetu, count among: Catulum in clarissimorum hominum numero: homines morte deletos in deos.

    Latin-English dictionary > re-pōnō

  • 19 torqueō

        torqueō (old inf. torquērier, H., Pr.), torsī, tortus, ēre    [TARC-], to turn, turn about, turn away, twist, bend, wind: cervices oculosque: ab obscenis sermonibus aurem, H.: ad sonitum vocis vestigia, V.: ferro capillos, i. e. curl, O.: stamina pollice, spin, O.: tenui praegnatem pollice fusum, Iu.: taxos in arcūs, bend, V.: tegumen torquens inmane leonis, wrapping about him, V.: cum terra circum axem se torqueat.—Poet.: torquet medios nox umida cursūs, i. e. has half-finished, V. — To whirl around, whirl, wield, brandish, fling with force, hurl: hastas lacertis: lapidem, H.: amnis torquet sonantia saxa, V.: in hunc hastam, O.: telum aurata ad tempora, V.: sibila, i. e. hiss, Pr.— To twist awry, misplace, turn aside, distort: quae (festinationes) cum fiant... ora torquentur: ora Tristia temptantum sensu (sapor) torquebit amaro, V.— To wrench on the rack, put to the rack, rack, torture: eculeo torqueri.—Fig., to twist, wrest, distort, turn, bend, direct: suam naturam huc et illuc: oratio ita flexibilis, ut sequatur, quocumque torqueas: verbo ac litterā ius omne.— To rack, torment, torture: te libidines torquent: mitto aurum coronarium, quod te diutissime torsit: equidem dies noctīsque torqueor: Torqueor, infesto ne vir ab hoste cadat, O.: Aeacus torquet umbras, examines, Iu.— To ply, put to the test: (reges) dicuntur torquere mero, quem perspexisse laborant, H.—Of speech, to hurl, fling: curvum sermone rotato enthymema, Iu.
    * * *
    torquere, torsi, tortus V
    turn, twist; hurl; torture; torment; bend, distort; spin, whirl; wind (round)

    Latin-English dictionary > torqueō

  • 20 ad

    ad, prep. with acc. (from the fourth century after Christ written also at; Etrusc. suf. -a; Osc. az; Umbr. and Old Lat. ar, as [p. 27] in Eug. Tab., in S. C. de Bacch., as arveho for adveho; arfuerunt, arfuisse, for adfuerunt, etc.; arbiter for adbiter; so, ar me advenias, Plant. Truc. 2, 2, 17; cf. Prisc. 559 P.; Vel. Long. 2232 P.; Fabretti, Glos. Ital. col. 5) [cf. Sanscr. adhi; Goth. and Eng. at; Celt. pref. ar, as armor, i.e. ad mare; Rom. a].
    I.
    As antith. to ab (as in to ex), in a progressive order of relation, ad denotes, first, the direction toward an object; then the reaching of or attaining to it; and finally, the being at or near it.
    A.
    In space.
    1.
    Direction toward, to, toward, and first,
    a.
    Horizontally:

    fugere ad puppim colles campique videntur,

    the hills and fields appear to fly toward the ship, Lucr. 4, 390: meridie umbrae cadunt ad septentrionem, ortu vero ad occasum, to or toward the north and west, Plin. 2, 13, and so often of the geog. position of a place in reference to the points of compass, with the verbs jacere, vergere, spectare, etc.:

    Asia jacet ad meridiem et austrum, Europa ad septentriones et aquiionem,

    Varr. L. L. 5, § 31 Mull.;

    and in Plin. very freq.: Creta ad austrum... ad septentrionem versa, 4, 20: ad Atticam vergente, 4, 21 al.—Also trop.: animus alius ad alia vitia propensior,

    Cic. Tusc. 4, 37, 81.—
    b.
    In a direction upwards (esp. in the poets, very freq.): manusque sursum ad caelum sustulit, Naev. ap. Non. 116, 30 (B. Pun. p. 13, ed. Vahl.): manus ad caeli templa tendebam lacrimans, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 20, 40 (Ann. v. 50 ed. Vahl.); cf.:

    duplices tendens ad sidera palmas,

    Verg. A. 1, 93: molem ex profundo saxeam ad caelum vomit, Att. ap. Prisc. 1325 P.: clamor ad caelum volvendus, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 104 Mull. (Ann. v. 520 ed. Vahl.) (cf. with this: tollitur in caelum clamor, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1, or Ann. v. 422):

    ad caelumque ferat flammai fulgura rursum, of Aetna,

    Lucr. 1, 725; cf. id. 2, 191; 2, 325: sidera sola micant;

    ad quae sua bracchia tendens, etc.,

    Ov. M. 7, 188:

    altitudo pertingit ad caelum,

    Vulg. Dan. 4, 17.—
    c.
    Also in the direction downwards (for the usu. in):

    tardiore semper ad terras omnium quae geruntur in caelo effectu cadente quam visu,

    Plin. 2, 97, 99, § 216.
    2.
    The point or goal at which any thing arrives.
    a.
    Without reference to the space traversed in passing, to, toward (the most common use of this prep.): cum stupro redire ad suos popularis, Naev. ap. Fest. p. 317 Mull. (B. Pun. p. 14 ed. Vahl.):

    ut ex tam alto dignitatis gradu ad superos videatur potius quam ad inferos pervenisse,

    Cic. Lael. 3, 12: ad terras decidat aether, Lucan. 2, 58. —Hence,
    (α).
    With verbs which designate going, coming, moving, bearing, bringing near, adapting, taking, receiving, calling, exciting, admonishing, etc., when the verb is compounded with ad the prep. is not always repeated, but the constr. with the dat. or acc. employed; cf. Rudd. II. pp. 154, 175 n. (In the ante-class. per., and even in Cic., ad is generally repeated with most verbs, as, ad eos accedit, Cic. Sex. Rosc. 8:

    ad Sullam adire,

    id. ib. 25:

    ad se adferre,

    id. Verr. 4, 50:

    reticulum ad naris sibi admovebat,

    id. ib. 5, 27:

    ad laborem adhortantur,

    id. de Sen. 14:

    T. Vectium ad se arcessit,

    id. Verr. 5, 114; but the poets of the Aug. per., and the historians, esp. Tac., prefer the dative; also, when the compound verb contains merely the idea of approach, the constr. with ad and the acc. is employed; but when it designates increase, that with the dat. is more usual: accedit ad urbem, he approaches the city; but, accedit provinciae, it is added to the province.)—
    (β).
    Ad me, te, se, for domum meam, tuam, suam (in Plaut. and Ter. very freq.):

    oratus sum venire ad te huc,

    Plaut. Mil. 5, 1, 12: spectatores plaudite atque ite ad vos comissatum, id. Stich. fin.:

    eamus ad me,

    Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 64:

    ancillas traduce huc ad vos,

    id. Heaut. 4, 4, 22:

    transeundumst tibi ad Menedemum,

    id. 4, 4, 17: intro nos vocat ad sese, tenet intus apud se, Lucil. ap. Charis. p. 86 P.:

    te oro, ut ad me Vibonem statim venias,

    Cic. Att. 3, 3; 16, 10 al.—
    (γ).
    Ad, with the name of a deity in the gen., is elliptical for ad templum or aedem (cf.:

    Thespiadas, quae ad aedem Felicitatis sunt,

    Cic. Verr. 4, 4; id. Phil. 2, 35:

    in aedem Veneris,

    Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 120;

    in aedem Concordiae,

    Cic. Cat. 3, 9, 21;

    2, 6, 12): ad Dianae,

    to the temple of, Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 43:

    ad Opis,

    Cic. Att. 8, 1, 14:

    ad Castoris,

    id. Quint. 17:

    ad Juturnae,

    id. Clu. 101:

    ad Vestae,

    Hor. S. 1, 9, 35 al.: cf. Rudd. II. p. 41, n. 4, and p. 334.—
    (δ).
    With verbs which denote a giving, sending, informing, submitting, etc., it is used for the simple dat. (Rudd. II. p. 175): litteras dare ad aliquem, to send or write one a letter; and: litteras dare alicui, to give a letter to one; hence Cic. never says, like Caesar and Sall., alicui scribere, which strictly means, to write for one (as a receipt, etc.), but always mittere, scribere, perscribere ad aliquem:

    postea ad pistores dabo,

    Plaut. As. 3, 3, 119:

    praecipe quae ad patrem vis nuntiari,

    id. Capt. 2, 2, 109:

    in servitutem pauperem ad divitem dare,

    Ter. Ph. 4, 3, 48:

    nam ad me Publ. Valerius scripsit,

    Cic. Fam. 14, 2 med.:

    de meis rebus ad Lollium perscripsi,

    id. ib. 5, 3:

    velim domum ad te scribas, ut mihi tui libri pateant,

    id. Att. 4, 14; cf. id. ib. 4, 16:

    ad primam (sc. epistulam) tibi hoc scribo,

    in answer to your first, id. ib. 3, 15, 2:

    ad Q. Fulvium Cons. Hirpini et Lucani dediderunt sese,

    Liv. 27, 15, 1; cf. id. 28, 22, 5.—Hence the phrase: mittere or scribere librum ad aliquem, to dedicate a book to one (Greek, prosphônein):

    has res ad te scriptas, Luci, misimus, Aeli,

    Lucil. Sat. 1, ap. Auct. Her. 4, 12:

    quae institueram, ad te mittam,

    Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 5: ego interea admonitu tuo perfeci sane argutulos libros ad Varronem;

    and soon after: mihi explices velim, maneasne in sententia, ut mittam ad eum quae scripsi,

    Cic. Att. 13, 18; cf. ib. 16; Plin. 1, 19.—So in titles of books: M. Tullii Ciceronis ad Marcum Brutum Orator; M. T. Cic. ad Q. Fratrem Dialogi tres de Oratore, etc.—In the titles of odes and epigrams ad aliquem signifies to, addressed to.
    (ε).
    With names of towns after verbs of motion, ad is used in answer to the question Whither? instead of the simple acc.; but commonly with this difference, that ad denotes to the vicinity of, the neighborhood of:

    miles ad Capuam profectus sum, quintoque anno post ad Tarentum,

    Cic. de Sen. 4, 10; id. Fam. 3, 81:

    ad Veios,

    Liv. 5, 19; 14, 18; cf. Caes. B. G. 1, 7; id. B. C. 3, 40 al.—Ad is regularly used when the proper name has an appellative in apposition to it:

    ad Cirtam oppidum iter constituunt,

    Sall. J. 81, 2; so Curt. 3, 1, 22; 4, 9, 9;

    or when it is joined with usque,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 34, § 87; id. Deiot, 7, 19.— (When an adjective is added, the simple acc. is used poet., as well as with ad:

    magnum iter ad doctas proficisci cogor Athenas,

    Prop. 3, 21, 1; the simple acc., Ov. H. 2, 83: doctas jam nunc eat, inquit, Athenas).—
    (ζ).
    With verbs which imply a hostile movement toward, or protection in respect to any thing, against = adversus:

    nonne ad senem aliquam fabricam fingit?

    Ter. Heaut. 3, 2, 34:

    Lernaeas pugnet ad hydras,

    Prop. 3, 19, 9: neque quo pacto fallam, nec quem dolum ad eum aut machinam commoliar, old poet in Cic. N. D. 3, 29, 73:

    Belgarum copias ad se venire vidit,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 5; 7, 70:

    ipse ad hostem vehitur,

    Nep. Dat. 4, 5; id. Dion. 5, 4: Romulus ad regem impetus facit (a phrase in which in is commonly found), Liv. 1, 5, 7, and 44, 3, 10:

    aliquem ad hostem ducere,

    Tac. A. 2, 52:

    clipeos ad tela protecti obiciunt,

    Verg. A. 2, 443:

    munio me ad haec tempora,

    Cic. Fam. 9, 18:

    ad hos omnes casus provisa erant praesidia,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 65; 7, 41;

    so with nouns: medicamentum ad aquam intercutem,

    Cic. Off. 3, 24:

    remedium ad tertianam,

    Petr. Sat. 18:

    munimen ad imbris,

    Verg. G. 2, 352:

    farina cum melle ad tussim siccam efficasissima est,

    Plin. 20, 22, 89, § 243:

    ad muliebre ingenium efficaces preces,

    Liv. 1, 9; 1, 19 (in these two passages ad may have the force of apud, Hand).—
    (η).
    The repetition of ad to denote the direction to a place and to a person present in it is rare:

    nunc tu abi ad forum ad herum,

    Plaut. As. 2, 2, 100; cf.:

    vocatis classico ad concilium militibus ad tribunos,

    Liv. 5 47.—(The distinction between ad and in is given by Diom. 409 P., thus: in forum ire est in ipsum forum intrare; ad forum autem ire, in locum foro proximum; ut in tribunal et ad tribunal venire non unum est; quia ad tribunal venit litigator, in tribunal vero praetor aut judex; cf. also Sen. Ep. 73, 14, deus ad homines venit, immo, quod propius est, in homines venit.)—
    b.
    The terminus, with ref. to the space traversed, to, even to, with or without usque, Quint. 10, 7, 16: ingurgitavit usque ad imum gutturem, Naev. ap. Non. 207, 20 (Rib. Com. Rel. p. 30): dictator pervehitur usque ad oppidum, Naev. ap. Varr. L. L. 5, § 153 Mull. (B. Pun. p. 16 ed. Vahl.):

    via pejor ad usque Baii moenia,

    Hor. S. 1, 5, 96; 1, 1, 97:

    rigidum permanat frigus ad ossa,

    Lucr. 1, 355; 1, 969:

    cum sudor ad imos Manaret talos,

    Hor. S. 1, 9, 10:

    ut quantum posset, agmen ad mare extenderet,

    Curt. 3, 9, 10:

    laeva pars ad pectus est nuda,

    id. 6, 5, 27 al. —Hence the Plinian expression, petere aliquid (usque) ad aliquem, to seek something everywhere, even with one:

    ut ad Aethiopas usque peteretur,

    Plin. 36, 6, 9, § 51 (where Jan now reads ab Aethiopia); so,

    vestis ad Seras peti,

    id. 12, 1, 1.— Trop.:

    si quid poscam, usque ad ravim poscam,

    Plaut. Aul. 2, 5, 10:

    deverberasse usque ad necem,

    Ter. Phorm. 2, 2, 13;

    without usque: hic ad incitas redactus,

    Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 136; 4, 2, 52; id. Poen. 4, 2, 85; illud ad incitas cum redit atque internecionem, Lucil. ap. Non. 123, 20:

    virgis ad necem caedi,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 29, § 70; so Hor. S. 1, 2, 42; Liv. 24, 38, 9; Tac. A. 11, 37; Suet. Ner. 26; id. Dom. 8 al.
    3.
    Nearness or proximity in gen. = apud, near to, by, at, close by (in anteclass. per. very freq.; not rare later, esp. in the historians): pendent peniculamenta unum ad quemque pedum, trains are suspended at each foot, Enn. ap. Non. 149, 33 (Ann. v. 363 ed. Vahl.):

    ut in servitute hic ad suum maneat patrem,

    Plaut. Capt. prol. 49; cf. id. ib. 2, 3, 98;

    3, 5, 41: sol quasi flagitator astat usque ad ostium,

    stands like a creditor continually at the door, id. Most. 3, 2, 81 (cf. with same force, Att. ap. Non. 522, 25;

    apud ipsum astas): ad foris adsistere,

    Cic. Verr. 1, 66; id. Arch. 24:

    astiterunt ad januam,

    Vulg. Act. 10, 17:

    non adest ad exercitum,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 6; cf. ib. prol. 133:

    aderant ad spectaculum istud,

    Vulg. Luc. 23, 48: has (testas) e fenestris in caput Deiciunt, qui prope ad ostium adspiraverunt, Lucil. ap. Non. 288, 31:

    et nec opinanti Mors ad caput adstitit,

    Lucr. 3, 959:

    quod Romanis ad manum domi supplementum esset,

    at hand, Liv. 9, 19, 6:

    haec arma habere ad manum,

    Quint. 12, 5, 1:

    dominum esse ad villam,

    Cic. Sull. 20; so id. Verr. 2, 21:

    errantem ad flumina,

    Verg. E. 6, 64; Tib. 1, 10, 38; Plin. 7, 2, § 12; Vitr. 7, 14; 7, 12; and ellipt. (cf. supra, 2. g):

    pecunia utinam ad Opis maneret!

    Cic. Phil. 1, 17.—Even of persons:

    qui primum pilum ad Caesarem duxerat (for apud),

    Caes. B. G. 6, 38; so id. ib. 1, 31; 3, 9; 5, 53; 7, 5; id. B. C. 3, 60:

    ad inferos poenas parricidii luent,

    among, Cic. Phil. 14, 13:

    neque segnius ad hostes bellum apparatur,

    Liv. 7, 7, 4: pugna ad Trebiam, ad Trasimenum, ad Cannas, etc., for which Liv. also uses the gen.:

    si Trasimeni quam Trebiae, si Cannarum quam Trasimeni pugna nobilior esset, 23, 43, 4.—Sometimes used to form the name of a place, although written separately, e. g. ad Murcim,

    Varr. L. L. 5, § 154:

    villa ad Gallinas, a villa on the Flaminian Way,

    Plin. 15, 30, 40, § 37: ad urbem esse (of generals), to remain outside the city (Rome) until permission was given for a triumph:

    “Esse ad urbem dicebantur, qui cum potestate provinciali aut nuper e provincia revertissent, aut nondum in provinciam profecti essent... solebant autem, qui ob res in provincia gestas triumphum peterent, extra urbem exspectare, donec, lege lata, triumphantes urbem introire possent,”

    Manut. ad Cic. Fam. 3, 8.—So sometimes with names of towns and verbs of rest:

    pons, qui erat ad Genavam,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 7:

    ad Tibur mortem patri minatus est,

    Cic. Phil. 6, 4, 10:

    conchas ad Caietam legunt,

    id. Or. 2, 6:

    ad forum esse,

    to be at the market, Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 136; id. Most. 3, 2, 158; cf. Ter. Ph. 4, 2, 8; id. And. 1, 5, 19.—Hence, adverb., ad dextram (sc. manum, partem), ad laevam, ad sinistram, to the right, to the left, or on the right, on the left:

    ad dextram,

    Att. Rib. Trag. Rel. p. 225; Plaut. Poen. 3, 4, 1; Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 44; Cic. Univ. 13; Caes. B. C. 1, 69:

    ad laevam,

    Enn. Rib. Trag. Rel. p. 51; Att. ib. p. 217: ad sinistram, Ter. [p. 28] Ad. 4, 2, 43 al.:

    ad dextram... ad laevam,

    Liv. 40, 6;

    and with an ordinal number: cum plebes ad tertium milliarium consedisset,

    at the third milestone, Cic. Brut. 14, 54, esp. freq. with lapis:

    sepultus ad quintum lapidem,

    Nep. Att. 22, 4; so Liv. 3, 69 al.; Tac. H. 3, 18; 4, 60 (with apud, Ann. 1, 45; 3, 45; 15, 60) al.; cf. Rudd. II. p. 287.
    B.
    In time, analogous to the relations given in A.
    1.
    Direction toward, i. e. approach to a definite point of time, about, toward:

    domum reductus ad vesperum,

    toward evening, Cic. Lael. 3, 12:

    cum ad hiemem me ex Cilicia recepissem,

    toward winter, id. Fam. 3, 7.—
    2.
    The limit or boundary to which a space of time extends, with and without usque, till, until, to, even to, up to:

    ego ad illud frugi usque et probus fui,

    Plaut. Most. 1, 2, 53:

    philosophia jacuit usque ad hanc aetatem,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 3, 5; id. de Sen. 14:

    quid si hic manebo potius ad meridiem,

    Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 55; so id. Men. 5, 7, 33; id. Ps. 1, 5, 116; id. As. 2, 1, 5:

    ad multam noctem,

    Cic. de Sen. 14:

    Sophocles ad summam senectutem tragoedias fecit,

    id. ib. 2; cf. id. Rep. 1, 1:

    Alexandream se proficisci velle dixit (Aratus) remque integram ad reditum suum jussit esse,

    id. Off. 2, 23, 82:

    bestiae ex se natos amant ad quoddam tempus,

    id. Lael. 8; so id. de Sen. 6; id. Somn. Sc. 1 al. —And with ab or ab-usque, to desig. the whole period of time passed away:

    ab hora octava ad vesperum secreto collocuti sumus,

    Cic. Att. 7, 8:

    usque ab aurora ad hoc diei,

    Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 8.—
    3.
    Coincidence with a point of time, at, on, in, by:

    praesto fuit ad horam destinatam,

    at the appointed hour, Cic. Tusc. 5, 22:

    admonuit ut pecuniam ad diem solverent,

    on the day of payment, id. Att. 16, 16 A:

    nostra ad diem dictam fient,

    id. Fam. 16, 10, 4; cf. id. Verr. 2, 2, 5: ad lucem denique arte et graviter dormitare coepisse, at (not toward) daybreak, id. Div. 1, 28, 59; so id. Att. 1, 3, 2; 1, 4, 3; id. Fin. 2, 31, 103; id. Brut. 97, 313:

    ad id tempus,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 24; Sall. J. 70, 5; Tac. A. 15, 60; Suet. Aug. 87; Domit. 17, 21 al.
    C.
    The relations of number.
    1.
    An approximation to a sum designated, near, near to, almost, about, toward (cf. Gr. epi, pros with acc. and the Fr. pres de, a peu pres, presque) = circiter (Hand, Turs. I. p. 102):

    ad quadraginta eam posse emi minas,

    Plaut. Ep. 2, 2, 111:

    nummorum Philippum ad tria milia,

    id. Trin. 1, 2, 115; sometimes with quasi added:

    quasi ad quadraginta minas,

    as it were about, id. Most. 3, 1, 95; so Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 93:

    sane frequentes fuimus omnino ad ducentos,

    Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 1:

    cum annos ad quadraginta natus esset,

    id. Clu. 40, 110:

    ad hominum milia decem,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 4:

    oppida numero ad duodecim, vicos ad quadringentos,

    id. ib. 1, 5.—In the histt. and post-Aug. authors ad is added adverbially in this sense (contrary to Gr. usage, by which amphi, peri, and eis with numerals retain their power as prepositions): ad binum milium numero utrinque sauciis factis, Sisenn. ap. Non. 80, 4:

    occisis ad hominum milibus quattuor,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 33:

    ad duorum milium numero ceciderunt,

    id. B. C. 3, 53:

    ad duo milia et trecenti occisi,

    Liv. 10, 17, 8; so id. 27, 12, 16; Suet. Caes. 20; cf. Rudd. II. p. 334.—
    2.
    The terminus, the limit, to, unto, even to, a designated number (rare):

    ranam luridam conicere in aquam usque quo ad tertiam partem decoxeris,

    Varr. R. R. 1, 2, 26; cf. App. Herb. 41:

    aedem Junonis ad partem dimidiam detegit,

    even to the half, Liv. 42, 3, 2:

    miles (viaticum) ad assem perdiderat,

    to a farthing, to the last farthing, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 27; Plin. Ep. 1, 15:

    quid ad denarium solveretur,

    Cic. Quint. 4.—The phrase omnes ad unum or ad unum omnes, or simply ad unum, means lit. all to one, i. e. all together, all without exception; Gr. hoi kath hena pantes (therefore the gender of unum is changed according to that of omnes): praetor omnes extra castra, ut stercus, foras ejecit ad unum, Lucil. ap. Non. 394, 22:

    de amicitia omnes ad unum idem sentiunt,

    Cic. Lael. 23:

    ad unum omnes cum ipso duce occisi sunt,

    Curt. 4, 1, 22 al.:

    naves Rhodias afflixit ita, ut ad unam omnes constratae eliderentur,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 27; onerariae omnes ad unam a nobis sunt exceptae, Cic. Fam. 12, 14 (cf. in Gr. hoi kath hena; in Hebr., Exod. 14, 28).— Ad unum without omnes:

    ego eam sententiam dixi, cui sunt assensi ad unum,

    Cic. Fam. 10, 16:

    Juppiter omnipotens si nondum exosus ad unum Trojanos,

    Verg. A. 5, 687.
    D.
    In the manifold relations of one object to another.
    1.
    That in respect of or in regard to which a thing avails, happens, or is true or important, with regard to, in respect of, in relation to, as to, to, in.
    a.
    With verbs:

    ad omnia alia aetate sapimus rectius,

    in respect to all other things we grow wiser by age, Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 45:

    numquam ita quisquam bene ad vitam fuat,

    id. ib. 5, 4, 1:

    nil ibi libatum de toto corpore (mortui) cernas ad speciem, nil ad pondus,

    that nothing is lost in form or weight, Lucr. 3, 214; cf. id. 5, 570; Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 21, § 58; id. Mur. 13, 29: illi regi Cyro subest, ad immutandi animi licentiam, crudelissimus ille Phalaris, in that Cyrus, in regard to the liberty of changing his disposition (i. e. not in reality, but inasmuch as he is at liberty to lay aside his good character, and assume that of a tyrant), there is concealed another cruel Phalaris, Cic. Rep. 1, 28:

    nil est ad nos,

    is nothing to us, concerns us not, Lucr. 3, 830; 3, 845:

    nil ad me attinet,

    Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 54:

    nihil ad rem pertinet,

    Cic. Caecin. 58;

    and in the same sense elliptically: nihil ad Epicurum,

    id. Fin. 1, 2, 5; id. Pis. 68:

    Quid ad praetorem?

    id. Verr. 1, 116 (this usage is not to be confounded with that under 4.).—
    b.
    With adjectives:

    ad has res perspicax,

    Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 129:

    virum ad cetera egregium,

    Liv. 37, 7, 15:

    auxiliaribus ad pugnam non multum Crassus confidebat,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 25:

    ejus frater aliquantum ad rem est avidior,

    Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 51; cf. id. And. 1, 2, 21; id. Heaut. 2, 3, 129:

    ut sit potior, qui prior ad dandum est,

    id. Phorm. 3, 2, 48:

    difficilis (res) ad credendum,

    Lucr. 2, 1027:

    ad rationem sollertiamque praestantior,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 62; so id. Leg. 2, 13, 33; id. Fin. 2, 20, 63; id. Rosc. Am. 30, 85; id. Font. 15; id. Cat. 1, 5, 12; id. de Or. 1, 25, 113; 1, 32, 146; 2, 49, 200; id. Fam. 3, 1, 1; Liv. 9, 16, 13; Tac. A. 12, 54 al.—
    c.
    With nouns:

    prius quam tuum, ut sese habeat, animum ad nuptias perspexerit,

    before he knew your feeling in regard to the marriage, Ter. And. 2, 3, 4 (cf. Gr. hopôs echei tis pros ti):

    mentis ad omnia caecitas,

    Cic. Tusc. 3, 5, 11:

    magna vis est fortunae in utramque partem vel ad secundas res vel ad adversas,

    id. Off. 2, 6; so id. Par. 1:

    ad cetera paene gemelli,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 3.—So with acc. of gerund instead of the gen. from the same vb.:

    facultas ad scribendum, instead of scribendi,

    Cic. Font. 6;

    facultas ad agendum,

    id. de Imp. Pomp. 1, 2: cf. Rudd. II. p. 245.—
    d.
    In gramm.: nomina ad aliquid dicta, nouns used in relation to something, i. e. which derive their significance from their relation to another object: quae non possunt intellegi sola, ut pater, mater;

    jungunt enim sibi et illa propter quae intelleguntur,

    Charis. 129 P.; cf. Prisc. 580 ib.—
    2.
    With words denoting measure, weight, manner, model, rule, etc., both prop. and fig., according to, agreeably to, after (Gr. kata, pros):

    columnas ad perpendiculum exigere,

    Cic. Mur. 77:

    taleis ferreis ad certum pondus examinatis,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 12: facta sunt ad certam formam. Lucr. 2, 379:

    ad amussim non est numerus,

    Varr. 2, 1, 26:

    ad imaginem facere,

    Vulg. Gen. 1, 26:

    ad cursus lunae describit annum,

    Liv. 1, 19:

    omnia ad diem facta sunt,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 5:

    Id ad similitudinem panis efficiebant,

    id. B. C. 3, 48; Vulg. Gen. 1, 26; id. Jac. 3, 9:

    ad aequos flexus,

    at equal angles, Lucr. 4, 323: quasi ad tornum levantur, to or by the lathe, id. 4, 361:

    turres ad altitudiem valli,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 42; Liv. 39, 6:

    ad eandem crassitudinem structi,

    id. 44, 11:

    ad speciem cancellorum scenicorum,

    with the appearance of, like, Varr. R. R. 3, 5, 8:

    stagnum maris instar, circumseptum aedificiis ad urbium speciem,

    Suet. Ner. 31:

    lascivum pecus ludens ad cantum,

    Liv. Andron. Rib. Trag. Rel. p. 1:

    canere ad tibiam,

    Cic. Tusc. 4, 2: canere ad tibicinem, id. ib. 1, 2 (cf.:

    in numerum ludere,

    Verg. E. 6, 28; id. G. 4, 175):

    quod ad Aristophanis lucernam lucubravi,

    Varr. L. L. 5, § 9 Mull.: carmen castigare ad unguem, to perfection (v. unguis), Hor. A. P. 294:

    ad unguem factus homo,

    a perfect gentleman, id. S. 1, 5, 32 (cf. id. ib. 2, 7, 86):

    ad istorum normam sapientes,

    Cic. Lael. 5, 18; id. Mur. 3:

    Cyrus non ad historiae fidem scriptus, sed ad effigiem justi imperii,

    id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 8:

    exercemur in venando ad similitudinem bellicae disciplinae,

    id. N. D. 2, 64, 161: so,

    ad simulacrum,

    Liv. 40, 6:

    ad Punica ingenia,

    id. 21, 22:

    ad L. Crassi eloquentiam,

    Cic. Var. Fragm. 8:

    omnia fient ad verum,

    Juv. 6, 324:

    quid aut ad naturam aut contra sit,

    Cic. Fin. 1, 9, 30:

    ad hunc modum institutus est,

    id. Tusc. 2, 3; Caes. B. G. 2, 31; 3, 13:

    ad eundem istunc modum,

    Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 70:

    quem ad modum, q. v.: ad istam faciem est morbus, qui me macerat,

    of that kind, Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 73; id. Merc. 2, 3, 90; cf.

    91: cujus ad arbitrium copia materiai cogitur,

    Lucr. 2, 281:

    ad eorum arbitrium et nutum totos se fingunt,

    to their will and pleasure, Cic. Or. 8, 24; id. Quint. 71:

    ad P. Lentuli auctoritatem Roma contendit,

    id. Rab. Post. 21:

    aliae sunt legati partes, aliae imperatoris: alter omnia agere ad praescriptum, alter libere ad summam rerum consulere debet,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 51:

    rebus ad voluntatem nostram fluentibus,

    Cic. Off. 1, 26:

    rem ad illorum libidinem judicarunt,

    id. Font. 36:

    ad vulgi opinionem,

    id. Off. 3, 21.—So in later Lat. with instar:

    ad instar castrorum,

    Just. 36, 3, 2:

    scoparum,

    App. M. 9, p. 232:

    speculi,

    id. ib. 2, p. 118: ad hoc instar mundi, id. de Mundo, p. 72.—Sometimes, but very rarely, ad is used absol. in this sense (so also very rarely kata with acc., Xen. Hell. 2, 3; Luc. Dial. Deor. 8): convertier ad nos, as we (are turned), Lucr. 4, 317:

    ad navis feratur,

    like ships, id. 4, 897 Munro. —With noun:

    ad specus angustiac vallium,

    like caves, Caes. B. C. 3, 49.—Hence,
    3.
    With an object which is the cause or reason, in conformity to which, from which, or for which, any thing is or is done.
    a.
    The moving cause, according to, at, on, in consequence of:

    cetera pars animae paret et ad numen mentis momenque movetur,

    Lucr. 3, 144:

    ad horum preces in Boeotiam duxit,

    on their entreaty, Liv. 42, 67, 12: ad ea Caesar veniam ipsique et conjugi et fratribus tribuit, in consequence of or upon this, he, etc., Tac. Ann. 12, 37.—
    b.
    The final cause, or the object, end, or aim, for the attainment of which any thing,
    (α).
    is done,
    (β).
    is designed, or,
    (γ).
    is fitted or adapted (very freq.), to, for, in order to.
    (α).
    Seque ad ludos jam inde abhinc exerceant, Pac. ap. Charis. p. 175 P. (Rib. Trag. Rel. p. 80):

    venimus coctum ad nuptias,

    in order to cook for the wedding, Plaut. Aul. 3, 2, 15:

    omnis ad perniciem instructa domus,

    id. Bacch. 3, 1, 6; cf. Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 41; Liv. 1, 54:

    cum fingis falsas causas ad discordiam,

    in order to produce dissension, Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 71:

    quantam fenestram ad nequitiam patefeceris,

    id. Heaut. 3, 1, 72:

    utrum ille, qui postulat legatum ad tantum bellum, quem velit, idoneus non est, qui impetret, cum ceteri ad expilandos socios diripiendasque provincias, quos voluerunt, legatos eduxerint,

    Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 19, 57:

    ego vitam quoad putabo tua interesse, aut ad spem servandam esse, retinebo,

    for hope, id. Q. Fr. 1, 4; id. Fam. 5, 17:

    haec juventutem, ubi familiares opes defecerant, ad facinora incendebant,

    Sall. C. 13, 4:

    ad speciem atque ad usurpationem vetustatis,

    Cic. Agr. 2, 12, 31; Suet. Caes. 67:

    paucis ad speciem tabernaculis relictis,

    for appearance, Caes. B. C. 2, 35; so id. ib. 2, 41; id. B. G. 1, 51.—
    (β).
    Aut equos alere aut canes ad venandum. Ter. And. 1, 1, 30:

    ingenio egregie ad miseriam natus sum,

    id. Heaut. 3, 1, 11;

    (in the same sense: in rem,

    Hor. C. 1, 27, 1, and the dat., Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 6):

    ad cursum equum, ad arandum bovem, ad indagandum canem,

    Cic. Fin. 2, 13, 40:

    ad frena leones,

    Verg. A. 10, 253:

    delecto ad naves milite,

    marines, Liv. 22, 19 Weissenb.:

    servos ad remum,

    rowers, id. 34, 6; and:

    servos ad militiam emendos,

    id. 22, 61, 2:

    comparasti ad lecticam homines,

    Cat. 10, 16:

    Lygdamus ad cyathos,

    Prop. 4, 8, 37; cf.:

    puer ad cyathum statuetur,

    Hor. C. 1, 29, 8.—
    (γ).
    Quae oportet Signa esse [p. 29] ad salutem, omnia huic osse video, everything indicative of prosperity I see in him, Ter. And. 3, 2, 2:

    haec sunt ad virtutem omnia,

    id. Heaut. 1, 2, 33:

    causa ad objurgandum,

    id. And. 1, 1, 123:

    argumentum ad scribendum,

    Cic. Att. 9, 7 (in both examples instead of the gen. of gerund., cf. Rudd. II. p. 245):

    vinum murteum est ad alvum crudam,

    Cato R. R. 125:

    nulla res tantum ad dicendum proficit, quantum scriptio,

    Cic. Brut. 24:

    reliquis rebus, quae sunt ad incendia,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 101 al. —So with the adjectives idoneus, utilis, aptus, instead of the dat.:

    homines ad hanc rem idoneos,

    Plaut. Poen. 3, 2, 6:

    calcei habiles et apti ad pedem,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 54, 231:

    orator aptus tamen ad dicendum,

    id. Tusc. 1, 3, 5:

    sus est ad vescendum hominibus apta,

    id. N. D. 2, 64, 160:

    homo ad nullam rem utilis,

    id. Off. 3, 6:

    ad segetes ingeniosus ager,

    Ov. F. 4, 684.—(Upon the connection of ad with the gerund. v. Zumpt, § 666; Rudd. II. p. 261.)—
    4.
    Comparison (since that with which a thing is compared is considered as an object to which the thing compared is brought near for the sake of comparison), to, compared to or with, in comparison with:

    ad sapientiam hujus ille (Thales) nimius nugator fuit,

    Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 25; id. Trin. 3, 2, 100:

    ne comparandus hic quidem ad illum'st,

    Ter. Eun. 4, 4, 14; 2, 3, 69:

    terra ad universi caeli complexum,

    compared with the whole extent of the heavens, Cic. Tusc. 1, 17, 40:

    homini non ad cetera Punica ingenia callido,

    Liv. 22, 22, 15:

    at nihil ad nostram hanc,

    nothing in comparison with, Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 70; so Cic. Deiot. 8, 24; and id. de Or. 2, 6, 25.
    E.
    Adverbial phrases with ad.
    1.
    Ad omnia, withal, to crown all:

    ingentem vim peditum equitumque venire: ex India elephantos: ad omnia tantum advehi auri, etc.,

    Liv. 35, 32, 4.—
    2.
    Ad hoc and ad haec (in the historians, esp. from the time of Livy, and in authors after the Aug. per.), = praeterea, insuper, moreover, besides, in addition, epi toutois:

    nam quicumque impudicus, adulter, ganeo, etc.: praeterea omnes undique parricidae, etc.: ad hoc, quos manus atque lingua perjurio aut sanguine civili alebat: postremo omnes, quos, etc.,

    Sall. C. 14, 2 and 3:

    his opinionibus inflato animo, ad hoc vitio quoque ingenii vehemens,

    Liv. 6, 11, 6; 42, 1, 1; Tac. H. 1, 6; Suet. Aug. 22 al.—
    3.
    Ad id quod, beside that (very rare):

    ad id quod sua sponte satis conlectum animorum erat, indignitate etiam Romani accendebantur,

    Liv. 3, 62, 1; so 44, 37, 12.—
    4.
    Ad tempus.
    a.
    At a definite, fixed time, Cic. Att. 13, 45; Liv. 38, 25, 3.—
    b.
    At a fit, appropriate time, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 54, § 141; Liv. 1, 7, 13.—
    c.
    For some time, for a short time, Cic. Off. 1, 8, 27; id. Lael. 15, 53; Liv. 21, 25, 14.—
    d.
    According to circumstances, Cic. Planc. 30, 74; id. Cael. 6, 13; Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 9.—
    5.
    Ad praesens (for the most part only in post-Aug. writers).
    a.
    For the moment, for a short time, Cic. Fam. 12, 8; Plin. 8, 22, 34; Tac. A. 4, 21.—
    b.
    At present, now, Tac. A. 16, 5; id. H. 1, 44.—So, ad praesentiam, Tac. A. 11, 8.—
    6.
    Ad locum, on the spot:

    ut ad locum miles esset paratus,

    Liv. 27, 27, 2.—
    7.
    Ad verbum, word for word, literally, Cic. Fin. 1, 2, 4; id. de Or. 1, 34, 157; id. Ac. 2, 44, 135 al.—
    8.
    Ad summam.
    a.
    On the whole, generally, in general, Cic. Fam. 14, 14, 3; id. Att. 14, 1; Suet. Aug. 71.—
    b.
    In a word, in short, Cic. Off. 1, 41, 149; Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 106. —
    9.
    Ad extremum, ad ultimum, ad postremum.
    a.
    At the end, finally, at last.
    (α).
    Of place, at the extremity, extreme point, top, etc.:

    missile telum hastili abiegno et cetera tereti, praeterquam ad extremum, unde ferrum exstabat,

    Liv. 21, 8, 10.—
    (β).
    Of time = telos de, at last, finally:

    ibi ad postremum cedit miles,

    Plaut. Aul. 3, 5, 52; so id. Poen. 4, 2, 22; Cic. Off. 3, 23, 89; id. Phil. 13, 20, 45; Caes. B. G. 7, 53; Liv. 30, 15, 4 al.— Hence,
    (γ).
    of order, finally, lastly, = denique: inventa componere; tum ornare oratione; post memoria sepire;

    ad extremum agere cum dignitate,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 31, 142.—
    b.
    In Liv., to the last degree, quite: improbus homo, sed non ad extremum perditus, 23, 2, 3; cf.:

    consilii scelerati, sed non ad ultimum dementis,

    id. 28, 28, 8.—
    10.
    Quem ad finem? To what limit? How far? Cic. Cat. 1, 1; id. Verr. 5, 75.—
    11.
    Quem ad modum, v. sub h. v.
    a.
    Ad (v. ab, ex, in, etc.) is not repeated like some other prepositions with interrog. and relative pronouns, after nouns or demonstrative pronouns:

    traducis cogitationes meas ad voluptates. Quas? corporis credo,

    Cic. Tusc. 3, 17, 37 (ubi v. Kuhner).—
    b.
    Ad is sometimes placed after its substantive:

    quam ad,

    Ter. Phorm. 3, 2, 39:

    senatus, quos ad soleret, referendum censuit,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 4:

    ripam ad Araxis,

    Tac. Ann. 12, 51;

    or between subst. and adj.: augendam ad invidiam,

    id. ib. 12, 8.—
    c.
    The compound adque for et ad (like exque, eque, and, poet., aque) is denied by Moser, Cic. Rep. 2, 15, p. 248, and he reads instead of ad humanitatem adque mansuetudinem of the MSS., hum. atque mans. But adque, in acc. with later usage, is restored by Hand in App. M. 10, p. 247, adque haec omnia oboediebam for atque; and in Plaut. Capt. 2, 3, 9, utroque vorsum rectum'st ingenium meum, ad se adque illum, is now read, ad te atque ad illum (Fleck., Brix).
    II.
    In composition.
    A.
    Form. According to the usual orthography, the d of the ad remains unchanged before vowels, and before b, d, h, m, v: adbibo, adduco, adhibeo, admoveo, advenio; it is assimilated to c, f, g, l, n, p, r, s, t: accipio, affigo, aggero, allabor, annumero, appello, arripio, assumo, attineo; before g and s it sometimes disappears: agnosco, aspicio, asto: and before qu it passes into c: acquiro, acquiesco.—But later philologists, supported by old inscriptions and good MSS., have mostly adopted the following forms: ad before j, h, b, d, f, m, n, q, v; ac before c, sometimes, but less well, before q; ag and also ad before g; a before gn, sp, sc, st; ad and also al before l; ad rather than an before n; ap and sometimes ad before p; ad and also ar before r; ad and also as before s; at and sometimes ad before t. In this work the old orthography has commonly been retained for the sake of convenient reference, but the better form in any case is indicated.—
    B.
    Signif. In English up often denotes approach, and in many instances will give the force of ad as a prefix both in its local and in its figurative sense.
    1.
    Local.
    a.
    To, toward: affero, accurro, accipio ( to one's self).—
    b.
    At, by: astare, adesse.—
    c.
    On, upon, against: accumbo, attero.—
    d.
    Up (cf. de- = down, as in deicio, decido): attollo, ascendo, adsurgo.—
    2.
    Fig.
    a.
    To: adjudico, adsentior.—
    b.
    At or on: admiror, adludo.—
    c.
    Denoting conformity to, or comparison with: affiguro, adaequo.—
    d.
    Denoting addition, increase (cf. ab, de, and ex as prefixes to denote privation): addoceo, adposco.—
    e.
    Hence, denoting intensity: adamo, adimpleo, aduro, and perhaps agnosco.—
    f.
    Denoting the coming to an act or state, and hence commencement: addubito, addormio, adquiesco, adlubesco, advesperascit. See more upon this word in Hand, Turs. I. pp. 74-134.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > ad

См. также в других словарях:

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