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1 κολώνη
Grammatical information: f.,Meaning: `hill, hight, stone-, tomb-hill etc.' (Il., Pi., S.), also as GN (town in Troas, Att. demos);Compounds: as 2. member in Καλλι-κολώνη hill near Troy (Il.; Schwyzer 453 n. 5), ὑψι-κόλωνος `carrying high' (Opp.).Derivatives: κολωνία (in wrong place; so for - ώνα? [Schmidt]) τάφος. Ήλεῖοι H. (Scheller Oxytonierung 56); from the demos-name Κολωνέται pl. (Hyperid.; Fraenkel Nom. ag. 2, 128 n. 1).Etymology: κολών-η and κολων-ός presuppose an old n-stem, which is also seen in Lit. káln-as `mountain', Lat. collis `hill' \< * coln-is, OE hyll, NEngl. hill \< PGm. * huln-i-. The n-stem * kolH-(e)n-, *kl̥H-n- is an agent noun "the highranging" of a primary verb `rise up', which with (orig. only present forming?) -d- is seen in Lat. - cellō \< *- cel-d-ō. On suffixal - ώνη, - ωνός s. Chantraine Formation 207f. - The analysis of Brugmann (Grundr.2 2: 1, 280), Specht ( Ursprung 137f.) ( κολώνη, - ός \< IE. * kolō[u]- no- an u-stem alternating with the n-stem in Lith. káln-as (in lat. colu-men), is not to be preferred. - Pok. 544, W.-Hofmann s. collis a. celsus, Fraenkel Lit. et. Wb. s. kálnas.Page in Frisk: 1,906-907Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κολώνη
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2 kȏlsъ
kȏlsъ Grammatical information: m. o Accent paradigm: c Proto-Slavic meaning: `ear, spike'Page in Trubačev: X 152-153Old Church Slavic:Russian:kólos `ear, spike' [m o]Ukrainian:kólos `ear, spike' [m o]Czech:Slovak:Polish:Upper Sorbian:Serbo-Croatian:klȃs `ear, spike, corn-cob' [m o];Čak. klå̑s (Vrgada) `ear, spike, corn-cob' [m o], klå̑sa [Gens];Čak. klȃs (Orbanići) `ear, corn-cob' [m o], klȃsa [Gens]Slovene:klȃs `ear, corn-cob' [m o/u], klȃsa [Gens], klasȗ [Gens]Bulgarian:Indo-European reconstruction: kolH-so- -
3 kolti
kolti Grammatical information: v. Accent paradigm: b Proto-Slavic meaning: `stab, sting'Page in Trubačev: X 154-156Old Church Slavic:Russian:kolót' `prick, stab, chop' [verb], koljú [1sg], kóljet [3sg]Czech:kláti `stab, beat, kill' [verb]Slovak:Polish:kɫuć `sting, prick' [verb]Slovincian:klùo̯c `sting, prick' [verb]Serbo-Croatian:klȁti `chop, cut' [verb], kȍljēm [1sg];Čak. klȁti `chop, cut' [verb], kȍl̨eš [2sg];Čak. klȁt (Orbanići) `slaughter' [verb], kȍlje [3sg]Slovene:kláti `sting, bite, slaughter, split, beat' [verb], kǫ́ljem [1sg]Bulgarian:kólja `slaughter, kill' [verb]Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: kolʔteiLithuanian:kálti `beat, forge' [verb]Latvian:kal̃t `beat, forge' [verb]Indo-European reconstruction: kolH-Other cognates: -
4 koltiti
koltiti Grammatical information: v. Proto-Slavic meaning: `shake'Page in Trubačev: X 156-158Old Church Slavic:Russian:kolotít' `strike, smash, shake' [verb]Czech:klátiti `shake' [verb]Slovak:klátit' `shake, swing' [verb]Polish:kɫócić `stir up, cause to quarrel' [verb]Slovincian:klùo̯cĕc `kill' [verb]Serbo-Croatian:klátiti `shake, swing' [verb];Čak. klātȉt (Orbanići) `beat, shake (e.g. nuts from a tree), knock about' [verb], klãtin [1sg]Slovene:klátiti `knock down, shake off' [verb], klátim [1sg]Bulgarian:klátja `shake, swing' [verb]Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: kolʔteiLithuanian:kálti `beat, forge' [verb]Latvian:kal̃t `beat, forge' [verb]Indo-European reconstruction: kolH-Other cognates: -
5 koltъ
koltъ; kolta; kolto Grammatical information: m. o; f. ā; n. oPage in Trubačev: X 158-159Russian:kólot (dial.) `wooden sledge-hammer, heavy club' [m o];kolóta (dial.) `flail, threshing floor' [f ā]Old Russian:kólot (dial.) `instrument for ramming' [m o]Ukrainian:kólot `quarrel' [m o]Czech:Slovak:klát `log, block, primitive bee-hive' [m o]Polish:Serbo-Croatian:kláto `log around the neck or feet of livestock' [n o];Čak. klātȍ (Orbanići) `clapper, tongue (of a bell)' [n o], klãta [Nom p]Slovene:kláta `log around the neck of a pig' [f ā]Indo-European reconstruction: kolH-to- -
6 kolta
koltъ; kolta; kolto Grammatical information: m. o; f. ā; n. oPage in Trubačev: X 158-159Russian:kólot (dial.) `wooden sledge-hammer, heavy club' [m o];kolóta (dial.) `flail, threshing floor' [f ā]Old Russian:kólot (dial.) `instrument for ramming' [m o]Ukrainian:kólot `quarrel' [m o]Czech:Slovak:klát `log, block, primitive bee-hive' [m o]Polish:Serbo-Croatian:kláto `log around the neck or feet of livestock' [n o];Čak. klātȍ (Orbanići) `clapper, tongue (of a bell)' [n o], klãta [Nom p]Slovene:kláta `log around the neck of a pig' [f ā]Indo-European reconstruction: kolH-to- -
7 kolto
koltъ; kolta; kolto Grammatical information: m. o; f. ā; n. oPage in Trubačev: X 158-159Russian:kólot (dial.) `wooden sledge-hammer, heavy club' [m o];kolóta (dial.) `flail, threshing floor' [f ā]Old Russian:kólot (dial.) `instrument for ramming' [m o]Ukrainian:kólot `quarrel' [m o]Czech:Slovak:klát `log, block, primitive bee-hive' [m o]Polish:Serbo-Croatian:kláto `log around the neck or feet of livestock' [n o];Čak. klātȍ (Orbanići) `clapper, tongue (of a bell)' [n o], klãta [Nom p]Slovene:kláta `log around the neck of a pig' [f ā]Indo-European reconstruction: kolH-to- -
8 kòlъ
kòlъ Grammatical information: m. o Accent paradigm: b Proto-Slavic meaning: `stake'Page in Trubačev: X 160-161Old Church Slavic:Russian:Czech:ku̥l `stake' [m o]Slovak:Polish:Slovene:kòɫ `pole, stake' [m o], kóla [Gens]Bulgarian:Lithuanian:kuõlas `stake' [m o]Indo-European reconstruction: kolH-o- -
9 κάλαμος
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `reed', often metaph. of objects made of reed, `flute of reed, fishing rod, writing teed' etc. (h. Merc. 47 [cf. Zumbach Neuerungen 5], Pi., IA.); on the botanical meaning Strömberg Theophrastea 100f.Compounds: Several compp., esp. in the botan. terminology (Strömberg Theophrastea 112), z. B. μονο-κάλαμος `with single stalk' (Thphr.), καλαμη-φόρος `with reed' (X. HG 2, 1, 2; v. l. -o-; cf. Schwyzer 526), καλαμη-τόμος `cutting off stalks' (A. R.).Derivatives: καλάμη f. `stalk or straw' (Hom., Hdt., X., Arist.).- Diminut. καλαμίσκος (Ar., medic.), καλάμιον (pap.); καλαμίς f. name of several objects made of reed (hell.; cf. Chantraine Formation 342f.); καλαμία (- εία) `reed' (pap.; collective); καλαμών `id.' (lit. pap.); καλαμάριον `reed-case' (pap.). - καλαμεύς `fisher' (Pankrat. ap. Ath.; cf. Boßhardt Die Nom. auf - ευς 75); also καλαμευτής `id.' (AP; as if from *καλαμεύω, cf. Chantraine 318); καλαμίτης `with κάλαμος etc.' (D.; s. Redard Les noms grecs en - της 81f.). - καλάμινος `made of reed' (IA.), καλαμόεις `of reed' (E. in lyr.), καλαμώδης `full of reed, reed-like' (Arist., Thphr.), καλαμικός `id.' (pap.). - καλαμόω `provide with reed, bind (a bone) with reed' (Gal.) with καλαμωτή `fence of r.' (Eust.,H.); καλαμίζω `blow a reed-flute' (Ath.). - From καλάμη: καλαμαία f. kind of grasshopper (Theoc. 10, 18), καλαμαῖον n. kind of cicade (Paus. Gr., H.) cf. Gil Emerita 25, 315f.; cf. Georgacas Glotta 31, 216), καλαμάομαι `collect grain-stalks, gather ears (of corn) ' (Kratin., LXX, Plu.) with καλάμημα (Thd.).Etymology: Old word for `reed, straw' wit forms in Latin ( culmus), in Germanic, e. g. OHG halm, in Baltic and Slavic, e. g. OPr. salme `straw', Latv. salms, Russ. solóma, Serb. slȁma. All forms except κάλαμος, - μη can go back to IE. *ḱolh₂mo-, ḱolh₂mā-; therefore κάλαμος has been explained from *κόλαμος (cf. ποταμός, πλόκ-αμος), through assimilation; but note on - μος, - μη Porzig Satzinhalte 283f. But the form may have been * klh₂-em-. - From κάλαμος Lat. calamus (s. Ernout-Meillet) like Skt. kaláma- `writing reed', and Arab. qalam \> Osman. kalém \> NGr. καλέμι (Maidhof Glotta 10, 11). - More forms in W.-Hofmann s. culmus, calamus, Vasmer Russ. et. Wb. s. solóma, Pok. 612.Page in Frisk: 1,760-761Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κάλαμος
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10 κλᾰω
κλᾰ́ωGrammatical information: v.Meaning: `break, break off'Other forms: ( ἐνι-κλᾶν, κατ-έκλων) Il., aor. κλάσ(σ)αι, pass. κλασθῆναι (Il.), athem. ptc. ἀπο-κλά̄ς (Anacr. 17; cf. below), fut. κλάσω, perf. pass. κέκλασμαι (IA.),Derivatives: κλάσις `breaking' (IA.), κλάσμα `broken piece' (Att.) with κλασμάτιον (Delos IIIa), ἀνα-κλασμός `bending back' (Heliod.), κλάστης ἀμπελουργός H., also ὀστο-κλάστης (Kyran.) a. o., κλαστήριον `knife for clipping the vine' (Delos IIa u. a.); sec. κλαστάζω `clip the vine', metaph. `chastize' (Ar. Eq. 166); on the formation Schwyzer 706. - On κλών, κλωνός m. `sprout' (Att.) with the diminutives κλωνίον, - ίδιον, - άριον, - ίσκος (Thphr., hell. inschr., Gp.), further κλωνίτης `with sprouts' (Hdn.), κλῶναξ = `κλάδος' (H.), κλωνίζω `clip' (Suid.) see on κλάδος; not from *κλα-ών (Schwyzer 521; s. also 487 n. 3). On κλῶμαξ, ἀπόκλωμα below. - With diff. ablaut κλῆμα `twig (of the vine), tendril of the vine', κλῆρος ( κλᾶρος) `lot', κλῶμαξ `heap of stones' (s. vv.), ἀπόκλωμα. ἀπολογία ἐπὶ τὸ χεῖρον H. - Quite doubtful Κλαζομεναί PlN (Anatolia), acc. to Fraenkel KZ 42, 256; 43, 216 "where the waves break" (free imagination).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: The uniform verbale system, is based on κλᾰ(σ)-; it may be the result of simplification. Whether this started from a presens or an aorist cannot be decided because there are no non-Greek cognates; cf. the presentation in Schwyzer 676 a. 752 and in Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 354 (who considers the present κλάω as secondary against κλάσαι). In the isolated ἀπο-κλά̄ς an old athematic form (present or aorist? Schwyzer 676 a. 742) could have been preserved; but an analogical innovation (as after φθᾰ́σαι: φθάς?) cannot be excluded however. For the old passive κλασθῆναι one might think of κλαδ- (Schwyzer 761), but extension of an aorist-stems κλασ- combined with analogy is also possible (Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 404f.). An old s-present *κλά[σ]-ω from IE. *kl̥-s-ō (Brugmann Grundr.2 2: 3, 342, Schwyzer 706) has no support. - The primary verbs of the other languages are completely deviant: Lith. kalù, kálti `forge, hammer' = OCS koljǫ, klati, Russ. kolótь `sting, split, hew' (full grade IE. * kolH-; on the meaning WP. 1, 438 and Vasmer Russ. et. Wb. s. v.); Lith. kuliù, kùlti (zero grade, IE. kl̥H-); Lat. per-cellō `smash' (basis uncertain). Further forms Pok. 545ff., W.-Hofmann s. clādēs. S. also κλαδαρός, κλάδος, κόλος etc. So no IE etym. It cannot comes from IE *klas- as this form cannot be made from IE. So prob. the word is of Pre-Greek origin.Page in Frisk: 1,866-867Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κλᾰω
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11 κολάπτω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `peck (of birds), strike, carve, engrave' (IA., Aeol.).Other forms: Aor. κολάψαι,Derivatives: ἐγ-, ἐκ-κόλαψις `cut in, out' (inscr., Arist.), ἐγ-κόλαμμα `inscription' (LXX, Priene), ( ἐγ-)κολαπτός `carved out' (inscr., LXX); κολαπτήρ m. `chisel' with δια-κολαπτηρίζω `engrave with a chisel' (Lebadeia); also as compound of δόρυ and κολάπτειν with - της-, δρυ(ο)-κολάπτ-[τ]ης `woodpecker' (Ar., Arist.; further s. δρῦς), thus κρᾱνο-κολάπτης name of a venomenous spider (Philum.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: On κόλαφος s. v. Ending as in σκάπτω, δαρδάπτω, κόπτω (with labial of the root) and perhaps built after these as replacement of a disyllabic root-verb, which is preserved in Lith. kalù, kálti `forge, hammer', OCS koljǫ, klati `σφάττειν', Russ. колоть `sting, split, chop', IE. * kolh₂-. Several words have been connected with this root in Greek, s. κόλος, κελεός, κλάω, but see s. vv. Cf. Pok. 545f. * kelH-. - The other languages have no labial enlargement. Best is to assume that it is derived from κόλαφος, which seems quite possible.Page in Frisk: 1,896-897Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κολάπτω
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