κλάσω

κλάω

cry: aor subj act 1st sg

κλάω

cry: fut ind act 1st sg

κλάω

cry: aor ind mid 2nd sg (homeric ionic)

κλάω (A) [pron. full] [ᾰ], [tense] impf. ἔκλων ( κατ-) Il.20.227, (ἀν-) Th.2.76: [tense] fut. κλάσω [ᾰ] J.AJ10.11.3, Luc.DDeor.11.1: [tense] aor. 1 ἔκλᾰσα, [dialect] Ep.

A

κλάσε Od.6.128

,

κατά-κλασσε Theoc.25.147

:—[voice] Med., poet. [tense] aor.

κλάσσατο AP7.124

(Diog. Laert.):—[voice] Pass., [tense] fut.

κλασθήσομαι Arist.Mete. 373a5

: [tense] aor.

ἐκλάσθην Il.11.584

: [tense] pf.

κέκλασμαι Arist.APo. 76b9

, etc.: [tense] aor. 2 part. κλάς (as if from κλῆμι) Anacr.153:—break, break off,

ἐξ ὕλης πτόρθον κλάσε Od.6.128

;

ἐκλάσθη δὲ δόναξ Il.11.584

; break off the luxuriant shoots of the vine, Thphr. CP1.15.1 ([voice] Pass.), Gal.6.134, Longus 3.29, etc.;

κ. ἄρτον 1 Ep.Cor.10.16

, cf. 11.24 ([voice] Pass.).

2 Geom., deflect, inflect, usu. of drawing a straight line 'broken back' at a line or surface,

κλάσαι εὐθεῖαν τὴν ΑΓΒ ἐν λόγῳ τῷ δοθέντι Papp. 904.17

; ἀπὸ δύο σημείων τῶν B, E

κλάσαι τὴν ΒΝΞΕ Id.122.3

:—more freq. in [voice] Pass., Arist.APo.1.c.; ἡ κεκλασμένη (sc. γραμμή) Id.Ph. 228b24;

αἱ κλώμεναι εὐθεῖαι Apollon.Perg.Con.2.52

; ἐὰν ἀπὸ τῶν σημείων κλασθῶσιν ib.3.52;

κεκλάσθω Euc.3.20

, al.; of visual rays, Arist.Mete. 377b22, Pr. 912b29; of arteries, Gal.9.84: generally,

καμπαῖς κεκλασμένας ὑποπορεύσεις Plu.2.968b

; κεκλ. στολίδες ib.64a; τὰ κλώμενα τῶν ῥευμάτων their broken courses, ib.747d.

3 metaph., break, weaken, frustrate,

τὴν ἐλπίδα J.BJ3.7.13

, cf. Epigr.Gr. 348 ([place name] Cios): in [tense] pf. part. [voice] Pass., κεκλασμένη φωνή weak, effeminate voice, Hp.Epid.7.80, Arist.Phgn. 813a35 (also of the Siren's song, Vett.Val.108.28, cf.

κ. ἀοιδή 242.10

); τὰ κεκλ. τῶν ὀμμάτων enfeebled eyes, Arist.Phgn. 808a9; κεκλ. μέλη varied by modulation, Plu.2.1138c; ῥυθμὸς κεκλ. broken rhythm, Longin.41.1; τὸ κεκλ. καὶ παντοδαπόν (sc. τῆς λέξεως) Phld.Rh.1.198S.

b of emotion,

ἐκλάσθην πρὸς ἔλεον J.Vit.43

.

------------------------------------

κλάω (B) [pron. full] [ᾱ], [dialect] Att. for κλαίω (q.v.).

Grammatical information: v.

Meaning: `break, break off'

Other forms: ( ἐνι-κλᾶν, κατ-έκλων) Il., aor. κλάσ(σ)αι, pass. κλασθῆναι (Il.), athem. ptc. ἀπο-κλά̄ς (Anacr. 17; cf. below), fut. κλάσω, perf. pass. κέκλασμαι (IA.),

Compounds: often with prefix, e. g. ἀνα-, κατα-, περι-, συν-,

Derivatives: κλάσις `breaking' (IA.), κλάσμα `broken piece' (Att.) with κλασμάτιον (Delos III^a), ἀνα-κλασμός `bending back' (Heliod.), κλάστης ἀμπελουργός H., also ὀστο-κλάστης (Kyran.) a. o., κλαστήριον `knife for clipping the vine' (Delos II^a u. a.); sec. κλαστάζω `clip the vine', metaph. `chastize' (Ar. Eq. 166); on the formation Schwyzer 706. - On κλών, κλωνός m. `sprout' (Att.) with the diminutives κλωνίον, - ίδιον, - άριον, - ίσκος (Thphr., hell. inschr., Gp.), further κλωνίτης `with sprouts' (Hdn.), κλῶναξ = `κλάδος' (H.), κλωνίζω `clip' (Suid.) see on κλάδος; not from *κλα-ών (Schwyzer 521; s. also 487 n. 3). On κλῶμαξ, ἀπόκλωμα below. - With diff. ablaut κλῆμα `twig (of the vine), tendril of the vine', κλῆρος ( κλᾶρος) `lot', κλῶμαξ `heap of stones' (s. vv.), ἀπόκλωμα. ἀπολογία ἐπὶ τὸ χεῖρον H. - Quite doubtful Κλαζομεναί PlN (Anatolia), acc. to Fraenkel KZ 42, 256; 43, 216 "where the waves break" (free imagination).

Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]

Etymology: The uniform verbale system, is based on κλᾰ(σ)-; it may be the result of simplification. Whether this started from a presens or an aorist cannot be decided because there are no non-Greek cognates; cf. the presentation in Schwyzer 676 a. 752 and in Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 354 (who considers the present κλάω as secondary against κλάσαι). In the isolated ἀπο-κλά̄ς an old athematic form (present or aorist? Schwyzer 676 a. 742) could have been preserved; but an analogical innovation (as after φθᾰ́σαι: φθάς?) cannot be excluded however. For the old passive κλασθῆναι one might think of κλαδ- (Schwyzer 761), but extension of an aorist-stems κλασ- combined with analogy is also possible (Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 404f.). An old s-present *κλά[σ]-ω from IE. *kl̥-s-ō (Brugmann Grundr.² 2: 3, 342, Schwyzer 706) has no support. - The primary verbs of the other languages are completely deviant: Lith. kalù, kálti `forge, hammer' = OCS koljǫ, klati, Russ. kolótь `sting, split, hew' (full grade IE. * kolH-; on the meaning WP. 1, 438 and Vasmer Russ. et. Wb. s. v.); Lith. kuliù, kùlti (zero grade, IE. kl̥H-); Lat. per-cellō `smash' (basis uncertain). Further forms Pok. 545ff., W.-Hofmann s. clādēs. S. also κλαδαρός, κλάδος, κόλος etc. So no IE etym. It cannot comes from IE *klas- as this form cannot be made from IE. So prob. the word is of Pre-Greek origin.

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