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101 lourd
lourd, e [luʀ, luʀd]1. adjective• c'est du lourd ! (inf) it's heavy stuffc. ( = difficile à gérer) [dispositif] unwieldy• 35 enfants par classe, c'est trop lourd 35 children per class is too much2. adverb* * *
1.
lourde luʀ, luʀd adjectif1) ( d'un poids élevé) [personne, objet, métal] heavy2) ( donnant une sensation de pesanteur) [estomac, jambe, tête, pas] heavy; [geste] clumsy, ungainlyj'ai les jambes lourdes — my legs feel heavy, my legs ache
3) ( indigeste) [repas, aliment] heavy; [vin] heady4) ( dense) [protection] heavy; [chevelure] thick5) Industrie, Armée [armement, équipement] heavy6) ( onéreux) [amende, fiscalité] heavy7) ( grave) [perte, défaite, responsabilité] heavy; [présomption, erreur] serious8) ( encombrant) [administration, structure] unwieldy; [effectifs] great9) ( massif) [personne, animal] ungainly; [corps, objet, architecture, poitrine] heavy; [bâtiment] squat10) ( sans finesse) [personne] oafish; [voix] thick; [plaisanterie] flat; [style] clumsy11) ( pénible) [ciel, atmosphère, silence] heavy; [chaleur] sultry12) ( chargé) (de danger, conséquences) fraught (de with); ( de menaces) charged (de with)13) ( difficilement praticable) [piste, sol, terrain] heavy
2.
1)peser lourd — ( être d'un poids élevé) to weigh heavy; ( compter beaucoup)
peser/ne pas peser lourd — to carry a lot of/not to carry very much weight ( sur with)
2) Météorologie3) (colloq) ( beaucoup)pas lourd — not a lot, not much
elle n'en fait/sait pas lourd — she doesn't do/know a lot ou much
rachète du beurre, il n'en reste pas lourd — buy some more butter, there's hardly any left
••avoir la main lourde — (avec taxes, punitions) to be heavy-handed
avoir la main lourde avec le sel/le parfum — to overdo the salt/the perfume
* * *luʀ, luʀd lourd, -e1. adj1) (objet) heavyMon sac est très lourd. — My bag's very heavy.
2) (charges) serious, (dépenses) heavyDe lourdes charges pèsent sur l'accusé. — The defendant is facing serious charges.
de lourdes responsabilités — heavy responsibilities, weighty responsibilities
Il fait très lourd aujourd'hui. — It's very muggy today., It's very close today.
4) fig (personne, style) heavy-handedlourd de [menaces] — charged with, [conséquences] fraught with
2. adv* * *A adj1 ( d'un poids élevé) [personne, objet, métal] heavy; plus lourd que l'air heavier than air; lourd à transporter heavy to carry;2 ( donnant une sensation de pesanteur) [estomac, jambe, tête, pas] heavy; [geste] clumsy, ungainly; j'ai les jambes lourdes my legs feel heavy ou ache; il a la tête lourde his head feels heavy; j'ai les paupières lourdes my eyes feel heavy; il a les yeux lourds de sommeil his eyes are heavy with sleep; avoir le pas lourd, marcher d'un pas lourd to walk with a heavy step;6 ( onéreux) [investissement, amende, fiscalité, gestion] heavy;9 ( massif) [personne, animal] ungainly; [corps, objet, architecture, poitrine] heavy; [bâtiment] squat;10 ( sans finesse) [personne] oafish; [voix] thick; [plaisanterie] flat; [regard] blunt; [style] clumsy, ponderous; [odeur, parfum] heavy;12 ( chargé) (de danger, conséquences) fraught (de with); (de haine, menaces, sous-entendus) charged (de with); ciel lourd de nuages sky heavy with clouds;13 ( difficilement praticable) [piste, sol, terrain] heavy;B adv1 peser lourd ( être d'un poids élevé) to weigh heavy; ( compter beaucoup) peser/ne pas peser lourd to carry a lot of/not to carry very much weight (sur with);2 ( pour le temps) il fait lourd it's close;3 ○( beaucoup) pas lourd not a lot, not much; elle n'en fait/sait pas lourd she doesn't do/know a lot ou much; 5 euros ça ne fait pas lourd 5 euros isn't a lot ou much; 10 personnes, ça ne fait pas lourd 10 people, that's not a lot; il ne reste pas lourd de beurre there's not much butter left.avoir le cœur lourd to have a heavy heart; être lourd comme du plomb to be (as) heavy as lead; avoir la main lourde (avec taxes, exercices, punitions) to be heavy-handed; avoir la main lourde avec le sel/son parfum to overdo the salt/the perfume.1. [pesant] heavyj'ai la tête lourde/les jambes lourdes my head feels/my legs feel heavy2. [complexe - artillerie, chirurgie, industrie] heavyde lourdes tapisseries thick ou heavy wall-hangingsde lourds nuages thick ou dense cloudsun ciel lourd de nuages a heavily-clouded ou heavy sky10. [insistant]sans vouloir être lourd, je te rappelle que ça doit être fini dans 15 minutes I don't want to nag but don't forget that you have to finish in 15 minutesde lourdes accusations pèsent sur le prévenu the accused faces serious ou weighty charges————————adverbe1. [chaud]il fait très lourd it is very close ou sultry2. (familier & locution) -
102 mettre
mettre [mεtʀ]━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━➭ TABLE 561. <━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━► Lorsque mettre s'emploie dans des expressions telles que mettre qch en place, se mettre à table, reportez-vous à l'autre mot.━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━a. ( = placer) to put• où mets-tu tes verres ? where do you keep your glasses?► mettre qch à (+ infinitif)• mettre du linge à sécher (à l'intérieur) to hang washing up to dry ; (à l'extérieur) to hang washing out to dryb. ( = revêtir) to put onc. ( = consacrer) to take• il y a mis le temps ! he's taken his time!• je suis prêt à mettre 500 € I'm willing to give 500 eurosd. ( = faire fonctionner) to put one. ( = installer) [+ eau] to lay on ; [+ placards] to put in ; [+ étagères, rideaux] to put up ; [+ moquette] to layf. ( = supposer) mettons que je me sois trompé let's say I've got it wrong• si un pays, mettons la Norvège, décide... if a country, Norway say, decides...• va te faire mettre ! (vulg!) fuck off! (vulg!)2. <a. ( = se placer) [objet] to go• il y a un bout de métal qui s'est mis dans l'engrenage a piece of metal has got caught in the worksb. ( = s'habiller) se mettre en short to put on a pair of shortsc. ( = s'ajouter) il s'est mis de l'encre sur les doigts he's got ink on his fingersd. ( = se grouper) ils se sont mis à plusieurs pour pousser la voiture several of them joined forces to push the car• se mettre avec qn ( = faire équipe) to team up with sb ; (en ménage) (inf) to move in with sb (inf)e. ( = commencer) to start• qu'est-ce que tu es énervant quand tu t'y mets ! (inf) you can be a real pain once you get started! (inf)► se mettre à + nom• il s'est bien mis à l'anglais he's really taken to English► se mettre à + infinitif• voilà qu'il se met à pleuvoir ! and now it's starting to rain!* * *mɛtʀ
1.
1) (placer dans un endroit, une position) to put2) ( projeter involontairement) to drop [confiture, beurre] ( sur on); to spill [liquide, poudre] ( sur on)3) ( placer sur le corps) to put on [écharpe, fard]4) ( placer dans le corps) to put in5) ( porter habituellement sur le corps) to wear6) (placer dans une situation, un état)7) ( classer)mettre quelque chose avant tout le reste or au-dessus de tout — to put something
8) ( disposer)9) ( faire fonctionner)mettre la radio/les nouvelles — to put the radio/the news on
mets plus/moins fort! — turn it up/down!
10) ( installer) to put in [chauffage, douche, téléphone, placard]; to put up [rideau, lustre, étagère]mettre du carrelage/de la moquette — to lay tiles/a carpet
faire mettre de la moquette — ( dans plusieurs pièces) to have carpets laid
11) ( écrire) to put up [inscription]il met que tout va bien — ( dans une lettre) he says ou writes that everything's fine
mettre au passif/en anglais — to put into the passive/into English
est-ce qu'on met un trait d'union à ‘multinational’? — is there a hyphen in ‘multinational’?
mettez le pronom qui convient — ( remplacez) replace with the appropriate pronoun; ( bouchez les trous) insert the appropriate pronom
13) ( consacrer)14) (investir, dépenser) to put [argent] (dans, sur into)combien pouvez-vous mettre? — ( pour acheter) how much can you afford?; ( pour contribuer) how much can you put in?
mettre un temps fou — (colloq) to take ages (colloq)
16) (colloq) ( vendre)17) ( attribuer) to give [note]18) (colloq) ( dire)mettons dix dollars/à dix heures — let's say ten dollars/at ten
19) (colloq) ( supposer)20) (sl) ( ficher)tu peux te le mettre où je pense or quelque part — you know where you can put it (colloq)
2.
verbe intransitifmettre bas — gén [vache] to calve; [brebis] to lamb; [jument] to foal
3.
se mettre verbe pronominal1) (se placer dans un endroit, une position)se mettre devant la fenêtre — ( debout) to stand in front of the window; ( assis) to sit down in front of the window
2) ( projeter involontairement sur soi) to spill [something] on oneself [liquide, poudre]3) ( placer sur son corps) to put on [veste, fard]4) ( placer dans son corps) to put in5) ( commencer)6) ( tourner)le temps s'est mis au froid/à la pluie — the weather has turned cold/to rain
7) (se placer dans une situation, un état)on va se mettre ensemble — (colloq) ( sous le même toit) we're going to live together
8) ( s'habiller)9) ( se grouper)* * *mɛtʀ vt1) (= placer) to putmettre en sac — to put in bags, to put in sacks
mettre qch à la poste — to post sth Grande-Bretagne to mail sth USA
mettre qn en examen pour qch — to charge Grande-Bretagne sb with sth, to indict USA sb for sth
2) [vêtements] (= revêtir) to put on, (= porter) to wearMets ton gilet. — Put your cardigan on.
Je mets mon manteau et j'arrive. — I'll put on my coat and then I'll be ready.
Je ne mets plus mon manteau. — I no longer wear my coat.
Elle ne met pas souvent de jupe. — She doesn't often wear a skirt.
3) (= faire fonctionner) [chauffage, électricité] to put on, [réveil, minuteur] to setIl fait froid, je vais mettre le chauffage. — It's cold, I'm going to put the heating on.
4) (= installer) [gaz, eau] to put in, to lay onfaire mettre le gaz — to have gas put in, to have gas installed
faire mettre l'électricité — to have electricity put in, to have electricity installed
5) (= consacrer)mettre du temps à faire qch — to take time to do sth, to take time over sth
mettre 2 heures à faire qch — to take 2 hours to do sth, to take 2 hours over sth
Elle met des heures à se préparer. — She takes hours to get ready.
6) (= noter, écrire) to putmettez les mots suivants au pluriel:... — put the following words into the plural:...
7) (= supposer)mettons que... — let's suppose that..., let's say that...
* * *mettre verb table: mettreA vtr1 (placer dans un endroit, une position) to put [chose, partie du corps, personne]; mettre un vase sur la table/des bûches dans la cheminée/le vin au frais to put a vase on the table/logs on the fire/the wine in a cool place; j'ai mis ta voiture au garage I've put your car in the garage for you; mettre les pieds sur la table/les mains sur la tête to put one's feet on the table/one's hands on one's head; mettre les mains en l'air/un timbre à l'envers to put one's hands up/a stamp on upside down; on m'a mis devant/tout au fond they put me at the front/right at the back; je l'ai mise sur ses pieds I put her on her feet; je mets les enfants à la crèche I send the children to a creche; il m'a mis en bas de chez moi he dropped me off outside my door; on m'a mis debout they stood me up; nous l'avons mise à l'hôtel we put her up at the hotel;2 ( projeter involontairement) to drop [solide]; to spill [liquide, poudre]; mettre de la confiture sur le tapis to drop jam on the carpet; mettre de la colle/farine partout to spill glue/flour all over the place;3 ( placer sur le corps) to put on [vêtement, bijou, maquillage, lunettes, préservatif, serviette]; mets ton écharpe put your scarf on; je vais mettre du mascara I'll put some mascara on;4 ( placer dans le corps) to put in [tampon, suppositoire, plombage]; on m'a mis un plombage I had a filling;5 ( porter habituellement sur le corps) to wear [lunettes, type de vêtement, parfum]; dans mon école les garçons mettent des cravates in my school boys wear ties; je ne mets jamais de chapeau I never wear a hat;6 (placer dans une situation, un état) mettre qn dans une situation embarrassante to put sb in an embarrassing situation; mettre qn en colère/en joie to make sb angry/happy; mettre qn en fureur to enrage sb; mettre qn au désespoir to drive sb to despair; mettre qn de bonne/mauvaise humeur to put sb in a good/bad mood; tu me mets hors de moi you infuriate me; mettre qn à la chaîne/à la reliure to put sb on the assembly line/on binding; mettre qn au travail to put sb to work; mettre qn au piano/au latin to start sb on the piano/on Latin; mettre les enfants à regarder la télévision to put the children in front of the television; si vous nous quittez, on mettra quelqu'un d'autre if you leave us, we'll find somebody else; mettre le riz à cuire to put the rice on; mettre le linge à sécher to put the washing out to dry;7 ( classer) mettre la famille avant tout le reste to put one's family first; mettre ses études au-dessus de tout to put one's studies first; je le mets au premier rang de tous les écrivains I rank him the best writer of all;8 ( disposer) mettre les assiettes to put the plates on the table; mettre les verres/la moutarde/un cendrier to put out the glasses/the mustard/an ashtray; mettre les chaises/une autre chaise to bring chairs/another chair; mettre une nappe to put on a tablecloth; je t'ai mis des draps propres I've put clean sheets on for you;9 ( faire fonctionner) mettre la radio/la télévision/le chauffage to put the radio/the television/the heating on; mettre les nouvelles/la deuxième chaîne to put the news/channel 2 on; mettre plus fort to turn up [appareil]; mettre moins fort to turn down [appareil]; mets plus/moins fort! turn it up/down!; mettre les essuie-glaces/les phares to switch on ou put on the windscreen GB ou windshield US wipers/the headlights; mettre le réveil to set the alarm; mettre le verrou to bolt the door; mettre le loquet to latch the door;10 ( installer) to put in [chauffage, douche, téléphone, placard]; to put up [rideau, lustre, étagère]; faire mettre le téléphone to have a telephone put in; je t'ai mis une prise I've put in a socket for you; mettre de la moquette to lay a carpet; faire mettre de la moquette ( dans une pièce) to have a carpet laid; ( dans plusieurs pièces) to have carpets laid; mettre du carrelage to lay tiles;11 ( écrire) to put up [inscription]; ils ont mis des graffiti partout/sur la colonne they've put graffiti everywhere/on the column; il met que tout va bien ( dans une lettre) he says ou writes that everything's fine; qu'est-ce que je dois mettre? what shall I put?; mettre au passif/au singulier to put into the passive/into the singular; mettre en vers to put into verse; je t'ai mis un mot I've left you a note; est-ce qu'on met un trait d'union à ‘multinational’? is there a hyphen in ‘multinational’?; il faut mettre un trait d'union you must put a hyphen in; mettre sa signature sur un document to put one's signature to a document; mettez votre signature ici sign here; mettez le pronom qui convient ( remplacez) replace with the appropriate pronoun; ( bouchez les trous) insert the appropriate pronom; mettre en musique to set to music; mettre en anglais to put into English; mettre son brouillon au propre or au net to write out ou up one 's notes;12 ( ajouter) to add [ingrédient] (dans to); to put [accessoire, élément décoratif]; mettre du sel dans la soupe to put some salt in the soup; mettre un peu de piment dans un récit to add a little spice to a story; mettre une sonnette à son vélo/des pompons à ses pantoufles to put a bell on one's bicycle/pompoms on one's slippers; mettre une radio à sa voiture/une doublure à sa veste to put a radio in one's car/a lining in one's jacket;13 ( consacrer) mettre tout son cœur dans son travail to put one's heart into one's work; y mettre du sien to put oneself into it; mettre toute son énergie à essayer de comprendre to put all one's energy into trying to understand; mettre des moyens importants au service d'une cause to use all possible means to further a cause; mettre de la rigueur dans sa démarche to become more thorough in one's approach;14 (investir, dépenser) to put [argent] (dans, sur into); mettre tout son argent dans son commerce to put all one's money into one's business; j'ai tout mis sur le pétrole I've put everything into oil; il a tout mis sur un cheval/une équipe he's put everything on a horse/a team; combien pouvez-vous mettre? ( pour acheter) how much can you afford?; ( pour contribuer) how much can you put in?;15 ( prendre) [activité] to take [heures, jours, années] (pour faire to do); elle a bien mis une heure it took her easily an hour; mettre un temps fou○ to take ages○;16 ○( vendre) je vous mets des tomates? would you like some tomatoes?; je vous en mets combien? deux, trois? how many would you like? two, three?;17 ○( attribuer) je vous ai mis trois sur vingt I've given you three out of twenty;18 ○( battre) ils nous ont mis trois à zéro they beat us three nil GB ou three to nothing US; je lui ai mis une gifle I gave him/her a slap (across the face); tu veux que je te mette mon poing sur la figure? do you want my fist in your face○?; qu'est-ce qu'il m'a mis! what a thrashing○ he gave me!;20 ○( dire) mettons dix dollars/à dix heures let's say ten dollars/at ten;21 ○( supposer) mettons qu'il vienne, qu'est-ce que vous ferez? supposing ou say he comes, what will you do?;22 ◑( ficher) tu peux te le mettre où je pense or quelque part you know where you can put○ it ou stick◑ it; va te faire mettre get stuffed◑!B vi Vét, Zool mettre bas gén to give birth, to drop; [vache] to calve; [brebis] to lamb; [jument] to foal.C se mettre vpr1 (se placer dans un endroit, une position) se mettre devant la fenêtre ( debout) to stand in front of the window; ( assis) to sit down in front of the window; ( couché) to lie (down) in front of the window; se mettre sur les mains to stand on one's hands; se mettre sur le dos to lie on one's back; se mettre au lit to go to bed; se mettre debout to stand up; se mettre sur ses jambes to get to one's feet; ne plus savoir où se mettre not to know where to put oneself; se mettre les mains sur la tête to put one's hands on one's head; se mettre les doigts dans le nez to pick one's nose; où est-ce que ça se met? where does this go?;2 ( projeter involontairement sur soi) to spill [sth] on oneself [liquide, poudre]; se mettre de la confiture to get jam on oneself; se mettre de la boue sur ses chaussures/de l'encre sur le nez/une poussière dans l'œil to get mud on one's shoes/ink on one's nose/some grit in one's eye; s'en mettre partout to get it all over oneself;3 ( placer sur son corps) to put on [vêtement, bijou, maquillage]; se mettre un foulard/un collier/du rouge à lèvres to put on a scarf/a necklace/lipstick; se mettre de la poudre sur le visage to put some powder on one's face, to powder one's face; je ne sais pas quoi me mettre I don't know what to put on;4 ( placer dans son corps) to put in [suppositoire, tampon];5 ( commencer) se mettre à l'anglais/au tennis to take up English/tennis; se mettre à prendre des somnifères to start taking sleeping pills; ma voiture se met à avoir des problèmes my car is starting to go wrong; il va se mettre à pleuvoir it's going to start raining; il se met à faire froid/du vent it's starting to get cold/windy;6 ( tourner) le temps s'est mis au froid/au beau/à la pluie the weather has turned cold/fine/to rain;7 ( se lancer) elle s'est mise à leur recherche she started looking for them; je me suis mis sur l'affaire I started looking into the case;8 (se placer dans une situation, un état) se mettre en tort to put oneself in the wrong; se mettre dans une situation impossible to get (oneself) into an impossible situation; se mettre dans une sale affaire to get involved in some shady business; je me mets de ton côté I'm on your side; je préfère me mettre bien avec lui I prefer to get on the right side of him; se mettre à l'aise to make oneself comfortable; se mettre en colère to get angry; se mettre nu to take off one's clothes; on va se mettre ensemble○ ( sous le même toit) we're going to live together; il s'est mis avec elle○ ( de son côté) he's on her side; ( sous le même toit) he's moved in with her;9 ( s'habiller) se mettre en tenue d'été to put on summer clothes; se mettre en arlequin to dress up as Harlequin; se mettre en jaune to wear yellow;10 ( se grouper) ce n'est pas la peine de vous (y) mettre à dix there's no need for ten of you; ils s'y sont mis à au moins trente there were at least thirty of them;11 ○( manger) je m'en suis mis un maximum I really stuffed○ myself; s'en mettre plein la panse○ or lampe○ or gueule● to stuff○ oneself; qu'est-ce qu'on s'est mis! we really stuffed○ ourselves!;12 ( se battre) qu'est-ce qu'on s'est mis! we really laid○ into each other![mɛtr] verbe transitif1. [placer] to putmettre sa confiance/tout son espoir en to put one's trust/all one's hopes inmettre quelqu'un dans: mettre quelqu'un dans l'avion/le train to put somebody on the plane/the trainmettre quelqu'un en: mettre un enfant en pension to put a child in a ou to send a child to boarding schoolmettre de l'argent sur son compte to put ou to pay some money into one's accountmettre la main sur le bras de quelqu'un to lay ou to put one's hand on somebody's arm3. [disposer]4. [ajuster] to setmets la sonnerie à 20 h 30 set the alarm for 8:30 p.m5. [établir - dans un état, une situation]mettre quelqu'un au travail to set somebody to work, to get somebody workinga. [perplexité] to put somebody in a predicamentb. [pauvreté] to put somebody in financial difficultymettre du vin en bouteilles to put wine into bottles, to bottle winemettre du linge à sécher to put ou to hang clothes up to drymettre quelque chose à tremper to put something to soak, to soak something6. [fixer] to putmettre une pièce à un pantalon to put a patch on ou to patch a pair of trousers[ajouter] to put7. [se vêtir, se coiffer, se chausser de] to put on (separable)[porter régulièrement] to wearje lui ai mis son manteau/ses gants I put his coat/his gloves on (for him)8. [faire fonctionner - appareil] to turn ou to put ou to switch on (separable)mets de la musique put some music on, play some musicmettre du papier peint/de la moquette dans une pièce to wallpaper/to carpet a room10. [consacrer - temps] to takeelle a mis trois mois à me répondre she took three months ou it took her three months to answer menous y mettrons le temps/le prix qu'il faudra we'll spend as much time/money as we have tomettre de l'argent dans une voiture to put money in ou into a car11. [écrire] to puton met un accent sur le "e" "e" takes an accenton met deux m à "pomme" "pomme" has two m's12. [supposer]et mettons que tu gagnes? suppose ou let's say you win?il faut, mettons, 2 mètres de tissu we need, (let's) say ou shall we say, 2 metres of materialmettons que j'ai mal compris! [acceptation] let's just say I got it wrong!13. [donner] to givele prof m'a mis 18 ≃ the teacher gave me an A14. (familier) [infliger]qu'est-ce qu'il m'a mis au ping-pong! he really hammered me ou he didn't half thrash me at table tennis!je lui ai mis une bonne claque I gave ou landed him a good clout15. (locution)————————se mettre verbe pronominal (emploi passif)1. [dans une position, un endroit - chose] to goles pieds, ça ne se met pas sur la table! tables aren't made to put your feet on!2. [aller - vêtement] to go————————se mettre verbe pronominal intransitif1. [s'installer, s'établir - dans une position]a. [debout] stand near the windowb. [assis] sit near the windowmettez-vous en cercle arrange yourselves into ou form a circle2. [entrer - dans un état, une situation]il s'est mis dans une position difficile he's got ou put himself in a difficult situation3. [s'habiller]4. [s'unir]a. [pour un jeu] to team up with somebodyb. [pour vivre] to move in with somebodyc. [dans une discussion] to side with somebodyon s'est mis par équipes de 6 we split up into ou we formed teams of 6 (people)5. (locution)a. (très familier) [dans un combat, un débat] they're really having a go at each other!b. [en mangeant] they're really getting stuck in!————————se mettre verbe pronominal transitifto put on (separable)se mettre une belle robe/du parfum to put on a nice dress/some perfume————————se mettre à verbe pronominal plus préposition1. [passer à]le temps se met au froid it's getting ou turning cold2. [commencer]se mettre à l'ouvrage to set to work, to get down to worka. [au travail] to get down to itb. [à une activité nouvelle] to have a trysi tu t'y mets aussi, je renonce! if you join in as well, I give up! -
103 signer
signer [siɲe]➭ TABLE 11. transitive verba. [+ document, traité, œuvre d'art] to sign• elle signe « Malou » she signs herself "Malou"b. ( = être l'auteur de) to make• c'est signé ! (inf) it's obvious who did it!2. reflexive verb► se signer ( = faire le signe de croix) to cross o.s.* * *siɲe
1.
verbe transitif to signça, c'est signé ta sœur! — (colloq) that's your sister all over! (colloq)
le disque compact a signé la fin du 33 tours — the compact disc signalled [BrE] the end of the LP
2.
verbe intransitif ( s'exprimer en langage des signes) to sign, to use sign language
3.
se signer verbe pronominal to cross oneself* * *siɲe vt* * *signer verb table: aimerA vtr1 ( apposer sa signature sur) to sign [contrat, traité, lettre, chèque, tableau]; signer de son nom de jeune fille/d'un pseudonyme to sign with one's maiden name/with a pseudonym; ‘signé Dupont’ ‘signed Dupont’; un tract non signé an unsigned pamphlet; il signe son troisième roman he's written his third novel; un parfum signé X a perfume by X; ça, c'est signé ta sœur○! that's your sister all over○!; signer son arrêt de mort fig to sign one's own death warrant; le disque compact a signé la fin du 33 tours fig the compact disc signalledGB the end of the LP;2 Tech to hallmark [pièce d'orfèvrerie];B vi ( s'exprimer en langage des signes) to sign, to use sign language.C se signer vpr to cross oneself.[siɲe] verbe transitif1. [chèque, formulaire, lettre] to sign‘signer ici’ ‘(please) sign here’3. [officialiser - contrat, traité] to sign4. [être l'auteur de - argenterie] to hallmark ; [ - pièce, film] to be the author of ; [ - tableau] to sign ; [ - ligne de vêtements] to be the creator of5. [dédicacer - livre] to sign copies of————————[siɲe] verbe intransitif1. [tracer un signe] to signsigner d'une croix/de son sang to sign with a cross/in one's blood2. [établir un acte officiel] to sign————————se signer verbe pronominal intransitif -
104 touch
1. n1) дотик; торкання; доторкання, дотиканняto know smth. by touch — розпізнати щось на дотик
2) зв'язок, спілкування, контактto get in (into) touch with smb. — зв'язатися з кимсь
3) штрих; характерна риса4) художня манера, художній стиль (прийом)5) розм. особливий фасон; особлива манера (мода)6) муз. удар7) муз. туше8) присмак; відтінок, наліт9) легкий приступ (удар)10) квач (дитяча гра)11) моральний вплив; навіювання12) розм. сума13) гроші, одержані по-шахрайському; позичені грошіto come for a touch — прийти, щоб поживитися
14) проба на якість (золота тощо)15) мітка, проба, клеймо, тавро (на золоті тощо)16) пробний камінь17) мед. обмацування18) намагнічування (дотиком предмета до магніту)19) спорт. площа за боковими лініями футбольного поля20) статевий контактrum touch — а) дивна людина; б) дивна справа
2. v1) торкатися, доторкатися; чіпатиto touch a person on the arm (on the shoulder) — привернути чиюсь увагу, торкнувшись руки (плеча)
2) доторкатися (до їжі, вина тощо); їсти, пити3) відчувати на дотик, сприймати дотиком4) стикатися, прилягати, межувати5) досягати, діставати6) зрівнятися (з чимсь)7) впливати фізично9) завдавати шкоди; злегка псувати10) діяти (впливати) на психікуhe is slightly touched — він несповна розуму; у нього не всі дома
11) зворушувати, хвилювати12) сердити, роздратовувати; зачіпати за живеto touch smb. on the raw — уразити когось до глибини душі
13) злегка забарвлювати; надавати відтінку15) натякати, згадувати16) мед. обмацувати17) мат. бути дотичною19) ставити пробу (тавро, мітку); таврувати, мітити20) заштриховувати; лініювати21) змінювати, підправляти; перефарбовувати23) давати сигнал (дзвінком тощо)26) амер. красти (з кишені)27) намагнічувати (дотиком до магніту)touch down — приземлитися, торкнутися землі
touch off — а) викликати (суперечку); б) вистрелити (з гармати); в) дати відбій (по телефону)
touch on — а) торкатися, зачіпати (питання тощо); б) межувати (з чимсь); в) стосуватися (чогось)
to touch bottom — а) дійти до гранично низького рівня (про ціни); б) перен. опуститися; в) дійти до суті; в) ав., розм. розбитися
to touch the spot — а) влучити в ціль; б) відповідати своєму призначенню
* * *I n1) дотик; торканняat a touch — при ( першому) дотику
a
- of /with/ a stick — дотик паличкоюmomentary touch (of the shoulders to the mat) — короткочасне зіткнення лопаток з килимом ( спортивна боротьб)
2) дотикsoft [rough, hard, slimy]to the touch — м'який [шорсткий, твердий, слизький]на дотик
he has a delicate sense of touch — у нього дуже чутлива шкіра, у нього дуже розвинений дотик; чутливість; чуйність, такт
she has a wonderful touch with children — вона дивно тактовна з дітьми; тактильне почуття
3) зіткнення, спілкування; зв'язок, контактin touch with smb — у контакті з ким-н.
I'll be in touch — я далеко не виїду, я дам про себе знати
to get in /into/ touch with smb — зв'язатися з ким-н.
to keep in touch with smb — підтримувати зв'язок /контакт/ з ким-н.
to put smb in touch with smb — познайомити /зв'язати/ кого-н. з ким-н.
to be out of touch /to lose touch/ with smb — втратити зв'язок /не спілкуватися/ з ким-н.
to lose. touch with the older generation — втрачати контакти із старшим поколінням
have you lost touch with your friends back home — є ви втратили зв'язок з друзями на батьківщиніє; знання, розуміння, контроль
to be in touch with the situation — бути в курсі справ; знати, як йдуть справи
to keep smb in touch with smth — тримати кого-н. в курсі справ
to be out of touch with smth — бути не в курсі справ; припинити стежити за чим-н.
to be out of touch with modern methods — не знати сучасних методів, не володіти /не вміти користуватися/ сучасними методами
4) штрих; риска; детальvivid [poetic] touches in the story — живі [поетичні]деталі в розповіді
to put /to give/ the finishing /the final/ touches to smth, to add the fmal touch to smth — додавати останні штрихи до чого-н., обробляти що-н.; закінчувати /завершувати/ що-н.; характерна межа
a man with a touch of good breeding — добре вихована людина, людина з прекрасними манерами; ( художня) манера, стиль; прийом; вправність
a tennis player who has lost his touch — тенісист, що втратив свій стиль
this room needs a woman's touch — цій кімнаті не вистачає жіночої руки; у цій кімнаті не відчувається присутність жінки; особливий фасон або манера
the latest touch — останній крик моди; мyз. туше; ефект туше або удару
5) чуточка; домішка; відтінок, налітa touch of perfume — слабкий запах /аромат/ духів
a touch of irony [of bitterness, of mockery] — відтінок іронії [гіркота, насмішки]
an acid touch in smb 's voice — кисла нотка в голосі
there was a touch of frost in the air — відчувався легкий морозець, злегка морозило
ask me no more, for at a touch I yield — не просіть мене більше, ще слово -, я поступлюся; легкий напад ( хвороби); невеликий удар
a touch of rheumatism [of gout] — слабкий /невеликий/ напад ревматизму [подагра]
touch of fever — невеликий жар, температурка
6) сумаthe dinner was a guinea touch — обід обійшовся в гінею; cл. гроші, отримані у позику або ті, що випросили; гроші, отримані шахрайським шляхом
to make a touch, to put the touch (on smb) — позичити гроші (у кого-н.); виканючити /вициганити/ гроші (у кого-н.); cл. шахрайство, обман, обдурювання
its a touch — мене надули, мене обдурили
7) якісна проба (золото, срібло); влучна, клеймо, проба (на золоті, сріблі, ін. металах); проба на ступінь густини сиропу ( у цукроварінні); icт. пробний камінь8) мeд. обмацування; пальпація10) cпopт. площа, лежача за бічними лініями футбольного поляto kick the ball into touch — вибити м'яч за бічну лінію; бічна лінія
easy /soft/ touch — людина, що легко позичає гроші у борг
he's an easy /soft/ touch — у нього легко зайняти гроші: його легко надути; слабке місце, слабка ланка
he thinks you're a soft touch in the family — він думає, що ти в наший сім'ї - слабке місце
common touch, touch of elbows — відчуття ліктя
a near touch — небезпечне /ризиковане/ положення; небезпека, яку ледве вдалося уникнути
rum touch — дивна /ексцентрична/ людина; дивна справа
II advin /within/ touch — близько, під рукою; доступно, досяжно
небагато, трішкиIII vto aim a touch too low — прицілитися трохи нижче, ніж потрібно
1) торкатися, чіпатиto touch the ball — cпopт. зачепити м'яч, торкнутися м'яча
to touch a thing with the hand [with a stick] — чіпати річ рукою [палицею]
to touch the horse with the spur, to touch one's spurs to the horse — злегка пришпорити коня
to touch a person on the arm [on the shoulder] — привернути чиюсь увага, торкнувшись руки [плеча]
he touched his lute /the strings of his lute/ delicately — він ніжно торкнувся струн лютні; торкатися, стикатися
our palms touched — наші долоні торкнулися одна одну; бути якимсь на дотик
2) (зазапер. або пит.) чіпати (пальцями, руками) visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits відвідувачів просять не чіпати руками експонатиnothing must be touched until the police have come — не можна нічого чіпати до приходу поліції; торкатися (до їжі, вин; їсти, пити)
he never touches a drop — він не п'є ні краплі; чіпати, ударити
he swears he never touched the child — він присягається, що ніколи не чіпав дитини; займатися (чим-н.), робити (що-н.); брати в руки; торкатися
he had never touched a card before then — до цього він взагалі не брав в руки карт; торкатися, мати статеві відношення
I doubt if he had ever touched a woman before his marriage — сумніваюся, що він мав справу з жінками до одруження
3) стикатися, примикати, граничити4) досягати; діставатиto touch bottom — торкнутися дна [див. є]; досягати, доходити до, дорівнювати
the thermometer touched 30° yesterday — вчора термометр піднявся до 30°; he touches 6 feet він шість футів зросту
5) дорівнювати, йти в порівняння зthere is nothing to touch sea air for bracing you up — немає нічого кориснішого за морське повітря для зміцнення здоров'я
6) мати відношення (до чого-н.); the question touches you nearly питання близько стосується васthe new law doesn't touch the case at all — новий закон ніяк не розповсюджується на цей випадок; цей випадок абсолютно не підходить під новий закон
7) впливати, робити впливhis war experiences seem not to have touched him at all — військові переживання не залишили ніякого сліду в його душі
alert to everything that touched his personal honour — чутливий до всього, що зачіпало його честь
Ex:this horse is slightly touched in the wind — у цього коня дихання трохи не в порядку /не все гаразд з диханням/; діяти на психікуhe is slightly touched — він трохи не в собі, у нього не всі вдомаthe fright has touched his wits — він збожеволів від переляку; легко ранити, зачепитиthis metal is so hard that a file cannot touch it — метал настільки твердий, що напилок не його бере
8)
p. p.
завдавати шкоди, збиток; злегка псувати9) чіпати, хвилюватиhis repentance touched me to the heart — його розкаяння зворушило мене до глибини душі; зачіпати за живе; сердити, дратувати
his vanity was touched no less than his sense of duty — його пихатість була зачеплена не менше, ніж його почуття боргу
to touch smb to the quick, to touch smb home, to touch smb on a raw /on a sore, on a tender/ place, to touch smb on the raw — зачепити кого-н. за живе, зачепити чиєсь хворе місце; уразити кого-н. до глибини душі
10) p. p. злегка офарблювати; додавати відтінокclouds touched with pink — рожеві хмари; підмішувати, домішувати
admiration touched with envy — захоплення, до якого домішується заздрість, захоплення з відтінком заздрості
11) ставити пробу, клеймо, мітку ( на металі)12) згадувати, натякати13) мeд. обмацувати, пальпувати14) мaт. торкатися, бути дотичною15) cпopт. завдавати удару ( фехтування)16) icт. намагнічувати ( дотик до магніт ІІ А)17) зачіпати (тему, питання)18) наносити (лінії, штрихи); змінювати, підправляти, перефарбовувати (штрихами, мазаннями)19) давати сигнал (дзвінком, сурмою)20) отримувати (платню, стипендію)21) бути наступним за чим-н. ( про масті карт)22) мop. плисти круто до вітру ( про парусники)23) to touch at a port заходити в порт (про судн; what ports did your boat touch at on your trip є у які порти заходив ваш пароплав під час подорожіє)24) to touch smb for smth випрошувати, канючити, займати, виманювати що-н. у кого-н.; he touched John for a dollar він примусив Джона розщедритися на долар; he touched me for a large sum of money він зайняв /виканючив/ у мене велику суму грошей; aмep. красти, красти, виймати з кишені що-н. у кого-н.; to touch smb for his watch вийняти у кого-н. ( з кишені)25) to touch (up) on smth these questions я вже говорив про це; впливати, робити вплив на щосьthe revolution touched on almost all aspects of human activity — революція торкнулася майже всіх аспектів людської діяльності; мати відношення до чого-н.; підходити близько, граничити з чим-н.
his actions touch on treason — його дії граничать із зрадою, його дії - майже зрада; доходити до, досягати ( про температуру)
26) to touch one's hat to smb торкнутися капелюха, підняти капелюх на знак вітання27) to touch smth to smth підносити що-н. до чого-н.to touch and go — торкнутися дна; = виграти один шанс з тисячі; ледве вдатися
to touch bottom — дійти до гранично низького рівня ( про ціни); опуститися
our hopes touched bottom — надія в нас ледве жевріла; дістатися до суті справи; aв.; жapг. розбитися; [див. I 4]
to touch the spot — попасти в ціль, відповідати своєму призначенню
a glass of iced beer touches the spot on a hot day — стакан холодного пива - незамінна річ в спекотний день; зрозуміти суть справи; знайти корінь зла
to touch wood — намагатися вмилостивити долю, стукати по дереву, щоб не накликати біду
touch woodl — не наврочте!; постукайте по дереву!
I would not touch him with a barge-pole /with a pair of tongs, амер. with a ten foot pole/ — він мені осоружний /огидливий/
to touch the wind — мop. заполіскувати ( про вітрил)
-
105 spray
------------------------------------------------------------[English Word] bug spray[English Plural] bug sprays[Swahili Word] dawa ya mbu[Swahili Plural] madawa ya mbu[Part of Speech] noun[Class] 5/6------------------------------------------------------------[English Word] spray[Swahili Word] -a kupulizia[Part of Speech] adjective[Swahili Example] anachukua marashi ya kupulizia [Muk]------------------------------------------------------------[English Word] spray[Swahili Word] marasharasha[Part of Speech] noun[Derived Word] rasha[English Example] light rain, drizzle[Swahili Example] mvua ya marasharasha------------------------------------------------------------[English Word] spray[English Plural] sprays[Swahili Word] mrashi[Swahili Plural] mirashi[Part of Speech] noun[Class] 3/4[Derived Word] rasha V------------------------------------------------------------[English Word] spray[English Plural] sprays[Swahili Word] mwaiko[Swahili Plural] miaiko[Part of Speech] noun[Class] 3/4------------------------------------------------------------[English Word] spray[English Plural] sprays[Swahili Word] nyunyu[Swahili Plural] manyunyu[Part of Speech] noun[Class] 5/6------------------------------------------------------------[English Word] spray[Swahili Word] -fukiza[Part of Speech] verb[Derived Word] fukia v------------------------------------------------------------[English Word] spray (on, for)[Swahili Word] -pulizia[Part of Speech] verb[Derived Word] -puliza (prep.)[English Example] To put on perfume (lit. To spray perfume on yourself)[Swahili Example] Kujipulizia marashi------------------------------------------------------------ -
106 spray ***
I [spreɪ]1. n1) (from hosepipe) getto, (from wet road) schizzi mpl, (of sea, fountain) spruzzi mpl, (from atomizer, aerosol) spruzzo2) (aerosol, atomizer) spray m inv, bomboletta, (of perfume) vaporizzatore m, (for paint, garden) spruzzatore m, nebulizzatore m, Med spray2. vt(gen) spruzzare, (crops) irrorareto spray sth/sb with water — spruzzare qc/qn d'acqua
to spray sth/sb with bullets — sparare una scarica di proiettili contro qc/qn
3. adj(deodorant) spray inv, (gun, paint) a spruzzoII [spreɪ] n -
107 heavy
['hevɪ] 1.to make sth. heavier — appesantire qcs.
2) (thick) [fabric, coat] pesante; [shoes, frame] grosso, pesante; [ line] spesso, pesante; [ features] pesante3) fig. (weighty) [movement, step, legs] pesante, appesantito; [irony, responsibility, blow] pesante; [ sigh] profondowith a heavy heart — con il cuore gonfio, a malincuore
4) (abundant) [traffic, gunfire] intenso; [ bleeding] copiosoto be a heavy drinker, smoker — essere un forte bevitore, un accanito fumatore
to be heavy on — [ machine] consumare una grande quantità di [ fuel]
5) (severe) [loss, debt] pesante; [ attack] intenso; [prison sentence, fine] severo; [ criticism] pesante, forte; [ cold] forteheavy fighting — lotta intensa, violenta
7) meteor. [ rain] forte; [ frost] intenso; [ fog] fitto; [ snow] abbondante; [ sky] coperto, minaccioso8) gastr. [meal, food] pesante10) (difficult, serious) [book, film, lecture] pesante, impegnativo2. 3.* * *['hevi]1) (having great weight; difficult to lift or carry: a heavy parcel.) pesante2) (having a particular weight: I wonder how heavy our little baby is.) pesante3) (of very great amount, force etc: heavy rain; a heavy blow; The ship capsized in the heavy seas; heavy taxes.) forte; violento4) (doing something to a great extent: He's a heavy smoker/drinker.) grande, accanito5) (dark and dull; looking or feeling stormy: a heavy sky/atmosphere.) pesante6) (difficult to read, do, understand etc: Books on philosophy are too heavy for me.) pesante7) ((of food) hard to digest: rather heavy pastry.) pesante8) (noisy and clumsy: heavy footsteps.) pesante•- heavily- heaviness
- heavy-duty
- heavy industry
- heavyweight
- heavy going
- a heavy heart
- make heavy weather of* * *['hevɪ] 1.to make sth. heavier — appesantire qcs.
2) (thick) [fabric, coat] pesante; [shoes, frame] grosso, pesante; [ line] spesso, pesante; [ features] pesante3) fig. (weighty) [movement, step, legs] pesante, appesantito; [irony, responsibility, blow] pesante; [ sigh] profondowith a heavy heart — con il cuore gonfio, a malincuore
4) (abundant) [traffic, gunfire] intenso; [ bleeding] copiosoto be a heavy drinker, smoker — essere un forte bevitore, un accanito fumatore
to be heavy on — [ machine] consumare una grande quantità di [ fuel]
5) (severe) [loss, debt] pesante; [ attack] intenso; [prison sentence, fine] severo; [ criticism] pesante, forte; [ cold] forteheavy fighting — lotta intensa, violenta
7) meteor. [ rain] forte; [ frost] intenso; [ fog] fitto; [ snow] abbondante; [ sky] coperto, minaccioso8) gastr. [meal, food] pesante10) (difficult, serious) [book, film, lecture] pesante, impegnativo2. 3. -
108 overdo
[ˌəʊvə'duː]1) (exaggerate)to overdo it — (when describing) esagerare; (when working) strafare; (when performing) gigioneggiare
2) (use too much of) esagerare con [flavouring, perfume, makeup]3) (overcook) fare cuocere troppo [meat, vegetables]* * *[əuvə'du:]past tense - overdid; verb1) (to do, say (something) in an exaggerated way etc: They overdid the sympathy.) esagerare2) (to cook for too long: The meat was rather overdone.) cuocere troppo, far scuocere* * *[ˌəʊvə'duː]1) (exaggerate)to overdo it — (when describing) esagerare; (when working) strafare; (when performing) gigioneggiare
2) (use too much of) esagerare con [flavouring, perfume, makeup]3) (overcook) fare cuocere troppo [meat, vegetables] -
109 spray
chemical \spray Spritzmittel nt1) ( cover)to \spray sth etw besprühen; plants etw spritzen;a car went past and \sprayed me with water! ein Auto fuhr vorbei und bespritzte mich mit Wasser!;the car was \sprayed with bullets ( fig) das Auto wurde von Kugeln durchsiebt;to \spray crops Getreide spritzen2) ( disperse in a mist)to \spray sth etw sprühen;( in a spurt) etw spritzen;to \spray insecticide Insektizide sprühen3) (draw, write)to \spray sth on sth etw mit etw dat besprühen;vandals had \sprayed graffiti on the wall Vandalen hatten ein Graffiti auf die Wand gesprüht4) ( shoot all around)to \spray sb with bullets jdn mit Kugeln durchsieben vi spritzen -
110 use
vt [ju:z]1) (make use of, utilize)this glass has been \used dieses Glas ist schon benutzt;I could \use some help ich könnte etwas Hilfe gebrauchen;I could \use a drink now ich könnte jetzt einen Drink vertragen ( fam)this table could \use a wipe diesen Tisch könnte man auch mal wieder abwischen;these lights are \used for illuminating the playing area mit diesen Lichtern wird die Spielfläche beleuchtet;what perfume do you \use? welches Parfüm nimmst du?;what shampoo do you \use? welches Shampoo benutzt du?;I've got to \use the toilet ich muss auf die Toilette;to \use alcohol Alkohol trinken;to \use one's brains seinen Verstand benutzen;to \use a chance eine Gelegenheit nutzen;to \use a dictionary ein Wörterbuch verwenden;to \use drugs Drogen nehmen;to \use military force against sb Militärgewalt gegen jdn einsetzen;to \use an idea eine Idee verwenden;to \use logic logisch denken;to \use one's money to do sth sein Geld dazu verwenden, etw zu tun;to \use sb's name jds Name m verwenden;( as reference) sich akk auf jdn berufen;she \uses the name Mary Pons sie nennt sich Mary Pons;to \use a pseudonym ein Pseudonym benutzen;to \use service eine Dienstleistung in Anspruch nehmen;to \use swear words fluchen;to \use one's time to do sth seine Zeit dazu nutzen, etw zu tun;you should \use your free time more constructively du solltest deine freie Zeit sinnvoller nutzen!;to \use violence Gewalt anwenden;to \use sth to do sth etw benutzen [o verwenden], um etw zu tun;\use scissors to cut the shapes out schneiden Sie die Formen mit einer Schere aus;you can \use this brush to apply the paint du kannst die Farbe mit diesem Pinsel auftragen2) ( employ)to \use sth;\use your imagination! lass doch mal deine Fantasie spielen!;to \use common sense seinen gesunden Menschenverstand benutzen;to \use discretion/ tact diskret/taktvoll sein3) (get through, consume)to \use sth etw verbrauchen;we've \used nearly all the bread wir haben fast kein Brot mehr;what do you \use for heating? womit heizen Sie?;there's no more paper after this is \used wenn wir dieses Papier aufgebraucht haben, ist keines mehr da;this radio \uses 1.5 volt batteries für dieses Radio braucht man 1,5 Volt Batterien;to \use energy Energie verbrauchen;4) (usu pej: manipulate, impose upon)to \use sb jdn benutzen;( exploit)to \use sb/ sth jdn/etw ausnutzento \use sb badly/ well jdn schlecht/gut behandeln;he's \used her despicably er hat ihr übel mitgespielt n [ju:s]1) (application, employment) Verwendung f ( for für +akk); of dictionary also Benutzung f; of labour Einsatz m; of leftovers Verwertung f; of talent, experience Nutzung m;don't throw that away, you'll find a \use for it one day wirf das nicht weg - eines Tages wirst du es schon noch irgendwie verwenden können;a food processor has a variety of \uses in the kitchen eine Küchenmaschine kann man auf ganz unterschiedliche Weise in der Küche einsetzen;they've called for further restrictions on the \use of leaded petrol sie forderten weitere Einschränkungen für die Verwendung von verbleitem Benzin;she lost the \use of her fingers in the accident seit dem Unfall kann sie ihre Finger nicht mehr benutzen;the \use of alcohol/ drugs der Alkohol-/Drogenkonsum;by the \use of deception durch Täuschung;directions for \use Gebrauchsanweisung f;for \use in an emergency für den Notfall;for \use in case of fire bei Feuer;the \use of force/ a particular method die Anwendung von Gewalt/einer bestimmten Methode;the correct \use of language der korrekte Sprachgebrauch;the \use of poison gas/ truncheons/ chemical warfare der Einsatz von Tränengas/Schlagstöcken/chemischen Waffen;to be in daily \use täglich verwendet werden;for external \use only nur zur äußerlichen Anwendung;to be no longer in \use nicht mehr benutzt werden;ready for \use gebrauchsfertig; machine einsatzbereit;for private \use only nur für den Privatgebrauch;to come into \use in Gebrauch kommen;to find a \use for sth für etw akk Verwendung finden;to have no [further] \use for sth keine Verwendung [mehr] für etw akk haben;do you have any \use for these old notes? kannst du diese alten Unterlagen irgendwie verwenden?;to make \use of sth etw benutzen; experience, talent etw nutzen; leftovers etw verwenden; connections von etw dat Gebrauch machen;can you make \use of that? kannst du das gebrauchen?;to put sth to \use etw verwenden;to be able to put sth to good \use etw gut verwenden können;to be able to put one's experience to good \use seine Erfahrung gut einbringen können;in/out of \use in/außer Gebrauchbuilding a dam would be a \use of financial resources which this country cannot afford für einen Dammbau, würde dieses Land Gelder verwenden müssen, es nicht aufbringen kannis this of any \use at all? nützt das vielleicht was? ( fam)can I be of any \use? kann ich vielleicht irgendwie behilflich sein?;what's the \use of shouting? was bringt es denn herumzuschreien?;there's no \use complaining Herumjammern bringt auch nichts ( fam)what \use is praying? wozu soll das Beten nutzen?;it has its \uses das kann auch nützlich sein;he's no \use as an editor als Redakteur ist er nicht zu gebrauchen;to be no \use keine Hilfe sein;to be no/not much \use to sb jdm nichts/nicht viel nützen;to be of \use to sb für jdn von Nutzen [o nützlich] sein;is this of any \use to you? kannst du das vielleicht gebrauchen?;it's no \use [doing sth] es hat keinen Zweck[, etw zu tun];it's no \use - I just can't stand the man es hilft alles nichts - ich kann den Mann einfach nicht ausstehen!;it's no \use trying to escape - no one has ever got away before wir brauchen erst gar nicht versuchen auszubrechen - das hat bisher noch keiner geschafft!4) ( right)to have the \use of sth bathroom, car etw benutzen dürfen;6) ( out of order)the escalator is out of \use der Aufzug ist außer Betrieb -
111 μύρον
Grammatical information: n.Meaning: `sweet-smelling oil, salve, perfume' (Archil., Lesb. lyric, IA.).Compounds: Often as 1. member, e.g. μυρο-πώλης `salve-handler' (Att.). μυρ-εψός m. `salven-preparer' (Critias, Arist.; FraenkeI Nom. ag. 2, 112 f.).Derivatives: 1. Subst. diminut.: μυρ-ίδιον (Ar.), - άφιον (Arr.); μυρίς f. `salve-box' (Poll.; cf. σπυρίς), also = μυρρίς (Thphr.), s. μύρρα; μύρωμα n. = μύρον (Ar. Ek. 1117 [pl.], beside μεμύρωμαι, but perh. directly from μύρον, cf. Chantraine Form. 186 f.); μυρίνης ( οἶνος, hell., com., Ael.; besides μυρρίνης, s. μύρρα a. μύρτος). -- 2. Adj. μυρ-ηρός `belonging to μύρον' (A., Ar.; like ἐλαιηρός), - όεις `full of salves, smelling like salves' (A P, Man.), - ώδης `salve-like' (sch.). -- 3. Verbs. μυρίζω (IA.), σμυρίζω (Archil.) `salve, perfume'; μυρόομαι `be salved, perfumed' (Ar. Ek. 1117 [v. l. μεμύρισμαι]).Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: As a clear culture-word μύρον can well be a loan (so Chantraine Form. 16). Since Fick and Curtius (s. Bq) it is usually (though with a certain reserve, WP. 2, 690) as IE σμύρις `emery-powder' connected with a Germ.-Celt. word for `smear, fat etc.', e.g. OHG smero ' Schmer', OIr. smi(u)r `marrow' (also Lat. medulla?); but this does not explain the Greek -u-; cf. μύραινα [which is a Pre-Greek word]. The isolated σμυρίζω `anoint' can, if not old, rest upon association with σμύρις, σμύρνα. --Page in Frisk: 2,273Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > μύρον
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112 בסם
בָּסֵם, בָּשֵׂם(√בס, בש cmp. בָּשַׁל, to boil, ripen, be warm, ferment) to be sweet, pleasant, pleasing. Lam. R. to I, 9 יערב לך ויִבְסַם לך may (the sacrifice) be sweet unto thee (Moloch), may it be pleasing unto thee. Gen. R. s. 85 יערב לבם יבושםוכ׳ (Yalk. Gen. 144, Josh. 35 יבסם) may (the wine you drank) be sweet to you, may it well agree with you.Denom. בּוֹסֶם. Pi. בִּסֵּם, בִּיסֵּם, בִּישֵּׂם to make a person look well, esp. (denom. of בּוֹסֶם) to perfume with oil Ex. R. s. 23 a bride מקשטין אותה ומְבַסְּמִין אותה is adorned and made handsome (her toilet is attended to).Part. pass. מְבוּסָּם, f. מְבוּסֶּמֶת, מְבוּשּׂ׳ perfumed, sweet Num. R. s. 20 מקישטת ומב׳ in full toilet. Tosef.Ber.VI (V), 5 it is not becoming for a scholar שיצא מבוסם to go out with perfumed oil on his head; Ber.43b מבוש׳. B. Bath.VI, 3 יין מב׳ sweet wine (guaranteed as not sour). (Pesik. R. s. 21 בישם העולם; Ruth. R. beg. ביסם, read בִּיסֵּס, v. בָּסַס. Hithpa. הִתְבַּסֵּם, הִתְבַּשֵּׂ׳; Nithpa. נִתְבַּסֵּם, נִתְבַּשֵּׂ׳ 1) to perfume ones self with oil Gen. R. s. 17. 2) to become exhilarated, to feel the wine. Koh. R. to XI, 9 אכל ושתה ונת׳ he ate and drank and felt well. 3) trnsf. to grow better, improve. Gen. R. s. 67, end נִתְבַּסְּמָה דעתו עליו his character grew better (play on בשמת Gen. 26:34).(Ib. s. 66 נתבשם העולם, v. בָּסַס. -
113 בשם
בָּסֵם, בָּשֵׂם(√בס, בש cmp. בָּשַׁל, to boil, ripen, be warm, ferment) to be sweet, pleasant, pleasing. Lam. R. to I, 9 יערב לך ויִבְסַם לך may (the sacrifice) be sweet unto thee (Moloch), may it be pleasing unto thee. Gen. R. s. 85 יערב לבם יבושםוכ׳ (Yalk. Gen. 144, Josh. 35 יבסם) may (the wine you drank) be sweet to you, may it well agree with you.Denom. בּוֹסֶם. Pi. בִּסֵּם, בִּיסֵּם, בִּישֵּׂם to make a person look well, esp. (denom. of בּוֹסֶם) to perfume with oil Ex. R. s. 23 a bride מקשטין אותה ומְבַסְּמִין אותה is adorned and made handsome (her toilet is attended to).Part. pass. מְבוּסָּם, f. מְבוּסֶּמֶת, מְבוּשּׂ׳ perfumed, sweet Num. R. s. 20 מקישטת ומב׳ in full toilet. Tosef.Ber.VI (V), 5 it is not becoming for a scholar שיצא מבוסם to go out with perfumed oil on his head; Ber.43b מבוש׳. B. Bath.VI, 3 יין מב׳ sweet wine (guaranteed as not sour). (Pesik. R. s. 21 בישם העולם; Ruth. R. beg. ביסם, read בִּיסֵּס, v. בָּסַס. Hithpa. הִתְבַּסֵּם, הִתְבַּשֵּׂ׳; Nithpa. נִתְבַּסֵּם, נִתְבַּשֵּׂ׳ 1) to perfume ones self with oil Gen. R. s. 17. 2) to become exhilarated, to feel the wine. Koh. R. to XI, 9 אכל ושתה ונת׳ he ate and drank and felt well. 3) trnsf. to grow better, improve. Gen. R. s. 67, end נִתְבַּסְּמָה דעתו עליו his character grew better (play on בשמת Gen. 26:34).(Ib. s. 66 נתבשם העולם, v. בָּסַס. -
114 בָּסֵם
בָּסֵם, בָּשֵׂם(√בס, בש cmp. בָּשַׁל, to boil, ripen, be warm, ferment) to be sweet, pleasant, pleasing. Lam. R. to I, 9 יערב לך ויִבְסַם לך may (the sacrifice) be sweet unto thee (Moloch), may it be pleasing unto thee. Gen. R. s. 85 יערב לבם יבושםוכ׳ (Yalk. Gen. 144, Josh. 35 יבסם) may (the wine you drank) be sweet to you, may it well agree with you.Denom. בּוֹסֶם. Pi. בִּסֵּם, בִּיסֵּם, בִּישֵּׂם to make a person look well, esp. (denom. of בּוֹסֶם) to perfume with oil Ex. R. s. 23 a bride מקשטין אותה ומְבַסְּמִין אותה is adorned and made handsome (her toilet is attended to).Part. pass. מְבוּסָּם, f. מְבוּסֶּמֶת, מְבוּשּׂ׳ perfumed, sweet Num. R. s. 20 מקישטת ומב׳ in full toilet. Tosef.Ber.VI (V), 5 it is not becoming for a scholar שיצא מבוסם to go out with perfumed oil on his head; Ber.43b מבוש׳. B. Bath.VI, 3 יין מב׳ sweet wine (guaranteed as not sour). (Pesik. R. s. 21 בישם העולם; Ruth. R. beg. ביסם, read בִּיסֵּס, v. בָּסַס. Hithpa. הִתְבַּסֵּם, הִתְבַּשֵּׂ׳; Nithpa. נִתְבַּסֵּם, נִתְבַּשֵּׂ׳ 1) to perfume ones self with oil Gen. R. s. 17. 2) to become exhilarated, to feel the wine. Koh. R. to XI, 9 אכל ושתה ונת׳ he ate and drank and felt well. 3) trnsf. to grow better, improve. Gen. R. s. 67, end נִתְבַּסְּמָה דעתו עליו his character grew better (play on בשמת Gen. 26:34).(Ib. s. 66 נתבשם העולם, v. בָּסַס. -
115 בָּשֵׂם
בָּסֵם, בָּשֵׂם(√בס, בש cmp. בָּשַׁל, to boil, ripen, be warm, ferment) to be sweet, pleasant, pleasing. Lam. R. to I, 9 יערב לך ויִבְסַם לך may (the sacrifice) be sweet unto thee (Moloch), may it be pleasing unto thee. Gen. R. s. 85 יערב לבם יבושםוכ׳ (Yalk. Gen. 144, Josh. 35 יבסם) may (the wine you drank) be sweet to you, may it well agree with you.Denom. בּוֹסֶם. Pi. בִּסֵּם, בִּיסֵּם, בִּישֵּׂם to make a person look well, esp. (denom. of בּוֹסֶם) to perfume with oil Ex. R. s. 23 a bride מקשטין אותה ומְבַסְּמִין אותה is adorned and made handsome (her toilet is attended to).Part. pass. מְבוּסָּם, f. מְבוּסֶּמֶת, מְבוּשּׂ׳ perfumed, sweet Num. R. s. 20 מקישטת ומב׳ in full toilet. Tosef.Ber.VI (V), 5 it is not becoming for a scholar שיצא מבוסם to go out with perfumed oil on his head; Ber.43b מבוש׳. B. Bath.VI, 3 יין מב׳ sweet wine (guaranteed as not sour). (Pesik. R. s. 21 בישם העולם; Ruth. R. beg. ביסם, read בִּיסֵּס, v. בָּסַס. Hithpa. הִתְבַּסֵּם, הִתְבַּשֵּׂ׳; Nithpa. נִתְבַּסֵּם, נִתְבַּשֵּׂ׳ 1) to perfume ones self with oil Gen. R. s. 17. 2) to become exhilarated, to feel the wine. Koh. R. to XI, 9 אכל ושתה ונת׳ he ate and drank and felt well. 3) trnsf. to grow better, improve. Gen. R. s. 67, end נִתְבַּסְּמָה דעתו עליו his character grew better (play on בשמת Gen. 26:34).(Ib. s. 66 נתבשם העולם, v. בָּסַס. -
116 גמר I
גָּמַרI, Pi. גִּמֵּר (denom. of מוּגְמָר, v. גּוּגְרָא) to perfume (clothes) with burned spices. Bets.22b לְגַמֵּר for the purpose of perfuming clothes. Ber.53a. Hithpa. הִתְגַּמֵּר to be perfumed, soaked with perfume. Sabb.18a you may put mugmar under the clothes on the eve of Sabbath, ומִתְגַּמְּרִין והולכיןוכ׳ and the process of soaking is continued during the entire Sabbath day. Bets. l. c. הבית מִתְגַּמֵּר מאליו the room is perfumed of itself. -
117 גָּמַר
גָּמַרI, Pi. גִּמֵּר (denom. of מוּגְמָר, v. גּוּגְרָא) to perfume (clothes) with burned spices. Bets.22b לְגַמֵּר for the purpose of perfuming clothes. Ber.53a. Hithpa. הִתְגַּמֵּר to be perfumed, soaked with perfume. Sabb.18a you may put mugmar under the clothes on the eve of Sabbath, ומִתְגַּמְּרִין והולכיןוכ׳ and the process of soaking is continued during the entire Sabbath day. Bets. l. c. הבית מִתְגַּמֵּר מאליו the room is perfumed of itself. -
118 touch
1. [tʌtʃ] n1. прикосновение; касаниеa touch of /with/ a stick - прикосновение палочкой
he felt a cold touch on his arm - он почувствовал на руке холодное прикосновение
momentary touch (of the shoulders to the mat) - кратковременное соприкосновение лопаток с ковром ( спортивная борьба)
2. 1) осязаниеsort [rough, hard, slimy] to the touch - мягкий [шероховатый, твёрдый, скользкий] на ощупь
to know smth. by (the) touch - узнать что-л. на ощупь
he has a delicate sense of touch - у него очень чувствительная кожа, у него очень развито осязание /чувство осязания/
2) чувствительность; чуткость, тактshe has a wonderful touch with children - она удивительно тактична с детьми
3) тактильное ощущение3. 1) соприкосновение, общение; связь, контактin touch with smb. - в контакте с кем-л.
I'll be in touch - я далеко не уеду, я дам о себе знать
to get in /into/ touch with smb. - связаться с кем-л.
to keep in touch with smb. - поддерживать связь /контакт/ с кем-л.
to put smb. in touch with smb. - познакомить /связать/ кого-л. с кем-л.
to be out of touch /to lose touch/ with smb. - потерять связь /не общаться/ с кем-л.
to lose touch with the older generation - терять контакты со старшим поколением
have you lost touch with your friends back home? - вы потеряли связь с друзьями на родине?
2) знание, понимание, контрольto be in touch with the situation - быть в курсе дел; знать, как идут дела
to keep smb. in touch with smth. - держать кого-л. в курсе дел
to be out of touch with smth. - быть не в курсе дел; перестать следить за чем-л.
to be out of touch with modern methods - не знать современных методов, не владеть /не уметь пользоваться/ современными методами
to lose touch with reality - утратить представление о действительности, жить в мире грёз
4. 1) штрих; чёрточка; детальvivid [poetic] touches in the story - живые [поэтические] детали в рассказе
to put /to give/ the finishing /the final/ touches to smth., to add the final touch to smth. - добавлять последние штрихи к чему-л., отделывать что-л.; заканчивать /завершать/ что-л.
2) характерная чертаa man with a touch of good breeding - хорошо воспитанный человек, человек с прекрасными манерами
3) (художественная) манера, стиль; приём; сноровкаhe writes with a light touch - он пишет просто /доходчиво/
one can easily recognize the touch of the master - легко можно узнать руку большого художника
a tennis player who has lost his touch - теннисист, утративший свой стиль
this room needs a woman's touch - этой комнате не хватает женской руки; в этой комнате не чувствуется присутствия женщины
4) разг. особый фасон или манера5) муз. туше6) эффект туше или удараthe typewriter has a light touch - у этой (пишущей) машинки лёгкая клавиатура
5. 1) чуточка; примесь; оттенок, налётa touch of perfume - слабый запах /аромат/ духов
a touch of irony [of bitterness, of mockery] - оттенок иронии [горечи, насмешки]
an acid touch in smb.'s voice - кислая нотка в голосе
there was a touch of frost in the air - чувствовался лёгкий морозец, слегка морозило
ask me no more, for at a touch I yield - не просите меня больше, ещё слово - и я уступлю
2) лёгкий приступ ( болезни); небольшой ушиб и т. п.a touch of rheumatism [of gout] - слабый /небольшой/ приступ ревматизма [подагры]
touch of fever - небольшой жар, температурка
6. 1) разг. сумма2) сл. деньги, полученные взаймы или выпрошенные; деньги, полученные мошенническим путёмto make a touch, to put the touch (on smb.) - подзанять денег (у кого-л.); выклянчить /выцыганить/ деньги (у кого-л.)
3) сл. мошенничество, обман, надувательствоit's a touch - меня надули, меня объегорили
7. 1) качественная проба (золота, серебра и др. металлов)2) метка, клеймо, проба (на золоте, серебре и др. металлах)3) проба на степень густоты сиропа ( в сахароварении)4) уст. пробный камень8. мед. ощупывание; пальпация9. намагничивание ( прикосновением предмета к магниту)10. спорт.1) площадь, лежащая за боковыми линиями футбольного поля2) боковая линия♢
easy /soft/ touch - а) человек, легко дающий деньги в долг; he's an easy /soft/ touch - у него легко занять деньги; его легко надуть; б) слабое место, слабое звено; he thinks you're a soft touch in the family - он думает, что ты в нашей семье - слабое местоcommon touch, touch of elbows - чувство локтя
a near touch - опасное /рискованное/ положение; опасность, которую едва удалось избежать
rum touch - а) странный /эксцентричный/ человек; б) странное дело
2. [tʌtʃ] advin /within/ touch - а) близко, под рукой; б) доступно, достижимо
немного, чуточку3. [tʌtʃ] vto aim a touch too low - прицелиться чуть-чуть ниже, чем нужно
I1. 1) касаться, трогать, прикасаться, притрагиватьсяto touch the ball - спорт. задеть мяч, коснуться мяча
to touch a thing with the hand [with a stick] - трогать вещь рукой [палкой]
to touch the horse with the spur, to touch one's spurs to the horse - слегка пришпорить коня
to touch a person on the arm [on the shoulder] - привлечь чьё-л. внимание, коснувшись руки [плеча]
he touched his lute /the strings of his lute/ delicately - он нежно коснулся струн лютни
2) касаться, соприкоснуться3) быть каким-л. на ощупь2. (обычно отриц. или вопр.)1) трогать (пальцами, руками)visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits - посетителей просят не трогать руками экспонаты
nothing must be touched until the police have come - нельзя ничего трогать до прихода полиции
2) притрагиваться (к еде, вину и т. п.); есть, пить3) тронуть, ударитьdon't touch her! - только посмей тронуть её!
he swears he never touched the child - он клянётся, что никогда не трогал ребёнка
4) заниматься (чем-л.), делать (что-л.); брать в руки; прикасатьсяwe have not been able to touch our work all day - за весь день мы не смогли прикоснуться к работе
he had never touched a card before then - до этого он вообще не брал в руки карт
5) касаться, иметь половые отношенияI doubt if he had ever touched a woman before his marriage - сомневаюсь, что он имел дело с женщинами до женитьбы
3. соприкасаться, примыкать, граничитьthe country touches mountains on the north - с севера страну замыкают /к стране примыкают/ горы
4. 1) достигать; доставатьcan you touch the ceiling? - вы можете достать до потолка?
to touch bottom - коснуться дна [см. тж. ♢ ]
2) достигать, доходить до, равнятьсяthe thermometer touched 30u00B0 yesterday - вчера термометр поднялся до 30u00B0
5. равняться, идти в сравнение сthere is nothing to touch sea air for bracing you up - нет ничего полезнее морского воздуха для укрепления здоровья
is there one of you that could touch him? - разве кто-нибудь из вас может сравниться с ним?
my cooking can't touch yours - моё кулинарное искусство не идёт в сравнение с вашим
6. иметь отношение (к чему-л.)the new law doesn't touch the case at all - новый закон никак не распространяется на этот случай; этот случай совершенно не подходит под новый закон
how does this touch me? - какое это имеет ко мне отношение?
7. влиять, оказывать влияниеhis war experiences seem not to have touched him at all - военные переживания не оставили никакого следа в его душе
alert to everything that touched his personal honour - чувствительный ко всему, что затрагивало его честь
8. оказывать физическое воздействиеthis metal is so hard that a file cannot touch it - металл настолько твёрдый, что напильник его не берёт
9. обыкн. p. p.1) наносить вред, ущерб; слегка портитьthis horse is slightly touched in the wind - у этой лошади дыхание немного не в порядке /не всё в порядке с дыханием/
2) действовать на психикуhe is slightly touched - он немного не в себе, у него не все дома
3) легко ранить, задетьno soldiers were touched in the skirmish - ни один солдат в стычке не пострадал
10. 1) трогать, волноватьhis repentance touched me to the heart - его раскаяние тронуло меня до глубины души
2) задевать за живое; сердить, раздражатьhis vanity was touched no less than his sense of duty - его тщеславие было задето не меньше, чем его чувство долга
to touch smb. to the quick, to touch smb. home, to touch smb. on a raw /on a sore, on a tender/ place, to touch smb. on the raw - задеть кого-л. за живое, задеть чьё-л. больное место; уязвить кого-л. до глубины души
11. обыкн. p. p.1) слегка окрашивать; придавать оттенок2) подмешивать, примешиватьadmiration touched with envy - восхищение, к которому примешивается зависть, восхищение с оттенком зависти
12. ставить пробу, клеймо, метку ( на металле)13. редк. упоминать, намекать14. мед. ощупывать, пальпировать15. мат. касаться, быть касательной16. спорт. наносить удар ( фехтование)17. уст. намагничивать ( прикосновением к магниту)II А1. затрагивать (тему, вопрос)2. 1) наносить (линии, штрихи)2) изменять, подправлять, перекрашивать (штрихами, мазками)3. давать сигнал (звонком, горном)4. получать (жалованье, стипендию)he touches £2 a week - он получает два фунта в неделю
5. быть следующим за чем-л. (о мастях карт и т. п.)diamonds touch hearts - бубны следуют за червями /идут сразу после червей/
6. мор. плыть круто к ветру ( о парусниках)II Б1. to touch at á port заходить в порт ( о судах)what ports did your boat touch at on your trip? - в какие порты заходил ваш пароход во время путешествия?
2. to touch smb. for smth. разг.1) выпрашивать, клянчить, занимать, выманивать что-л. у кого-л.he touched me for a large sum of money - он занял /выклянчил/ у меня большую сумму денег
2) амер. воровать, красть, вынимать из кармана что-л. у кого-л.to touch smb. for his watch - вынуть у кого-л. (из кармана) часы, срезать часы у кого-л.
1) затрагивать, касаться, упоминать что-л.2) влиять, оказывать влияние на чтоthe revolution touched on almost all aspects of human activity - революция затронула почти все аспекты человеческой деятельности
3) иметь отношение к чему-л.4) подходить близко, граничить с чем-л.his actions touch on treason - его действия граничат с предательством, его действия - почти предательство
5) доходить до, достигать (о температуре и т. п.)4. to touch one's hat to smb. коснуться шляпы, приподнять шляпу в знак приветствия5. to touch smth. to smth. подносить что-л. к чему-л.he touched a lighted match to the candle - он поднёс зажжённую спичку к свече
♢
to touch and go - а) коснуться дна; б) ≅ выиграть один шанс из тысячи; едва удаться
to touch bottom - а) дойти до предельно низкого уровня ( о ценах); б) опуститься; our hopes touched bottom - надежда в нас едва теплилась; в) добраться до сути дела; г) ав. жарг. разбиться; [см. тж. I 4, 1)]
to touch the spot - а) попасть в цель, соответствовать своему назначению; a glass of iced beer touches the spot on a hot day - стакан холодного пива - незаменимая вещь в жаркий день; б) понять суть дела; найти корень зла
to touch wood - пытаться умилостивить судьбу, стучать по дереву, чтобы не накликать беду
touch wood! - не сглазьте!; постучите по дереву!
I [she, etc] would not touch him with a barge-pole /with a pair of tongs, амер. with a ten foot pole/ - он мне [ей и т. д.] противен /омерзителен/
to touch the wind - мор. заполаскивать ( о парусах)
-
119 गणः _gaṇḥ
गणः [गण् कर्मणि कर्तरि वा अच्]1 A flock, multitude, group, troop, collection; गुणिगणगणना, भगणः-2 A series, a class.-3 A body of followers or attendants.-4 Particularly, a troop of demigods considered as Śiva's attendants and under the special superintendence of Gaṇeśa, a demigod of this troop; गणानां त्वा गणपतिं हवामहे कविं कवीनाम् &c.; गणा नमेरुप्रसवावतंसाः Ku.1.55,7.4,71; Me.35.57; Ki.5.13.-5 Any assemblage or society of men formed for the attainment of the same objects.-6 A company, association.-7 A tribe, class.-8 A series of lunar mansions classed under three heads (of god, men and demons).-9 A sect (in philosophy, religion).-1 A small body of troops (a sub-division of अक्षौहिणी), consisting of 27 chariots, as many elephants, 81 horses and 135 foot; Mb.1.2.21.-11 A number (in math.).-12 A foot (in prosody).-13 (In gram.) A series of roots or words belonging to the same rule and called after the first word of that series; e. g. भ्वादिगण i. e. the class of roots which begin with भू.-14 An epithet of Gaṇeśa.-Comp. -अग्रणी m. N. of Gaṇeśa.-अचलः N. of the mountain Kailāsa, as the residence of the Gaṇas of Śiva.-अधिपः, -अधिपतिः 1 N. of Śiva; Śi.9.27.-2 N. of Gaṇeśa.-3 the chief of a troop of soldiers or of a class of disciples, of a body of men or animals.-अन्नम् a mess, food prepared for number of persons in common; Ms.4.29,219.-अभ्यन्तर a. one of a troop or number. (-रः) the leader or mem- ber of any religious association; Ms.3.154.-ईशः N. of Gaṇapati, Śiva's son (see गणपति below). ˚जननी an epithet of Pārvatī. ˚भूषणम् red-lead.-ईशानः, -ईश्वरः 1 an epithet of Gaṇeśa.-2 of Śiva.-उत्साहः the rhinoceros.-कारः 1 a classifier.-2 an epithet of Bhīmasena.-कृत्वस् ind. for a whole series of times, for a number of times.-गतिः a particular high number.-चक्रकम् a dinner eaten in common by a party of virtuous men.-छन्दस् n. metre regulated and measured by feet.-तिथ a. forming a troop or collection.-दीक्षा 1 initiation of a number or a class.-2 performance of rites for a number of persons.-दीक्षिन् a.1 one who officiates for a number of per- sons or for various castes (as a priest).-2 one who has been initiated into the worship of Ganeśa.-देवताः (pl.) groups of deities who generally appear in classes of troops; Ak. thus classifies them:-- आदित्यविश्ववसव- स्तुषिता भास्वरानिलाः । महाराजिकसाध्याश्च रुद्राश्च गणदेवताः ॥-द्रव्यम् 1 public property, common stock; Y.2.187.-2 a variety of articles.-धरः 1 the head of a class or number.-2 the teacher of a school.-नाथः, -नाथकः 1 an epithet of Śiva.-2 of Gaṇeśa.-3 the leader of the attendants of any god; Bhāg.5.17.13.-4 the head of an assemblage or corporation; Bṛi. S.15.4.-नायिका an epithet of Durgā.-पः, पतिः 1 N. of Śiva.-2 N. of Gaṇeśa. [He is the son of Śiva and Pārvatī, or of Pārvatī only; for according to one legend, he sprang from the scurf of her body. He is the god of wisdom and remover of obstacles; hence he is invok- ed and worshipped at the commencement of every important undertaking. He is usually represented in a sitting posture, short and fat, with a protuberant belly, and four hands; riding a mouse; and with the head of an elephant. This head has only one tusk, the other having been lost in a scuffle between him and Paraśurāma when he opposed the latter's en- trance to Śiva's inner apartments; (whence he is called Ekadanta, Ekadaṁṣṭra &c.). There are seve- ral legends accounting for his elephant head. It is said that he wrote the Mahābhārata at the dictation of Vyāsa who secured his services as a scribe from the god Brahman].-3 also an epithet of Bṛihas- pati and Indra.-4 the leader of a class or troop.-पर्वत see गणाचल.-पाठः a collection of gaṇas or series of words falling under the same grammatical rule.-पीठकम् the breast, bosom.-पुङ्गवः the head of a tribe or class. (pl.) N. of a country and its people; Bṛi. S.4.24.-पूर्वः the leader of a tribe or class; (ग्रामणी); Mb.13.23.2. ˚तापनी N. of a Upaniṣad.-भर्तृ m.1 an epithet of Śiva; गणभर्तृरुक्षा Ki.5.42.-2 N. of Gaṇeśa.-3 the leader of a class.-भोजनम् mess, eating in com- mon.-यज्ञः a rite common to all.-रत्नमहोदधिः a collection of grammatical gaṇas by Vardhamāna.-राज्यम् N. of an empire in the Deccan; Bṛi. S.14. 14.-रात्रम् a series of nights.-वल्लभः a general of the army (सेनानायक); Rām.2.81.12.-वृत्तम् see गणच्छन्दस्.-हासः, -हासकः a species of perfume. -
120 तद् _tad
तद् pron., a. (Nom. sing. सः m., सा f., तत् n.)1 That referring to something not present; (तदिति परोक्षे विजानी- यात्)-2 He, she, it; (oft. as corr. of यद्); यस्य बुद्धिर्बलं तस्य Pt.1.-3 That i. e. well-known; सा रम्या नगरी महान्स नृपतिः सामन्तचक्रं च तत् Bh.3.37; Ku.5.71.-4 That (referring to something seen or experienced before, अनुभूतार्थः; उत्कम्पिनी भयपरिस्खलितांशुकान्ता ते लोचने प्रतिदिशं विधुरे क्षिपन्ती K. P.7; Bv.2.5.-5 The same, identical, that, very; usually with एव; तानीन्द्रियाणि सकलानि तदेव नाम Bh.2.4. Sometimes the forms of तद् are used with the first and second personal pronouns, as well as with demonstratives and relatives, for the sake of emphasis; (often translatable by 'therefore', 'then'); सो$हमिज्याविशुद्धात्मा R.1.69; 'I that very person', 'I therefore'; (I who am so and so); स त्वं निवर्तस्व विहाय लज्जाम् 2.4 'thou, therefore, shouldst return', &c. When repea- ted तद् has the sense of 'several', 'various'; तेषु तेषु स्थानेषु K.369; Bg.7.2; Māl.1.36; ते ते भावाः 1.17. तेन the instr. of तद् is often used with adverbial force in the sense of 'therefore', 'on that account', 'in that case', 'for that reason.' तेन हि if so, well then. -ind.1 There, thither.-2 Then, in that case, at that time.-3 For that reason, therefore, consequently; तदेहि विमर्दक्षमां भूमिमवतरावः U.5; Me.7,19; R.3.46.-4 Then (corr. of यदि); तथापि यदि महत्कुतूहलं तत्कथयामि K.136; Bg.1.46. -n.1 The Supreme Spirit or Brahman; तद्भावभावी तद्बुद्धिः Mb.12. 323.29; Bg.17.23.-2 This world.-Comp. -अतिपात a. going beyond the bounds.-अनन्तर a. next to that. (-ind.) immediately after that, thereupon.-अनु ind. after that, afterwards; संदेशं मे तदनु जलद श्रोष्यसि श्रोत्र- पेयम् Me.13; R.16.87; Māl.9.26.-अनुसरणम् going after that.-अन्त a. perishing in that, ending thus.-अन्य a. other than that.-अपेक्ष a. having regard to that.-अर्थ, -अर्थीय a.1 intended for that.-2 having that meaning.-अर्थम् on that account, with that object, therefore; स्वस्रीयं मम राजेन्द्र द्रष्टुकामो महीपतिः । तदर्थ- मुपयातो$हमयोध्यां रघुनन्दन ॥ Rām.1.73.4.-अर्ह a. meriting that.-अवधि ind.1 so far; upto that period, till then; तदवधि कुशली पुराणशास्त्रस्मृतिशतचारुविचारजो विवेकः Bv. 2.14.-2 from that time, since then; श्वासो दीर्घस्तदवधि मुखे पाण्डिमा Bv.2.79.-अवस्थ a. so circumstanced.-एकचित्त a. having the mind solely fixed on that; H.-कर a. serving, obeying as servant.-काल 1 the current moment, present time.-2 that time. ˚धी a. having presence of mind.-कालम् ind.1 instantly, immediately.-2 at that time, at a certain time.-कालीन a. simultaneous; ब्रह्मन्कालान्तरकृतं तत्कालीनं कथं भवेत् Bhāg.1.12.41.-क्षणः 1 present, time being, present or current moment; R.1.51.-2 the same moment.-3 a measure of time.-क्षणम्, -क्षणात् ind. immediately, directly, instantly; सेकान्ते मुनिकन्याभिस्तत्- क्षणोज्झितवृक्षकम् R.3.14; Śi.9.5; Y.2.14; Amaru. 83.-क्रिय a. working without wages.-गत a. gone or directed to that, intent on that, devoted to that, belonging to that; तद्गतेनैव चेतसा Ks.3.68. (-तः) the continued multiplication of four or more like quantities.-गुण a. possessing those qualities.(-णः) 1 the quality or virtue of anything; R.1.9.-2 a figure of speech (in Rhet.); स्वमुत्सृज्य गुणं योगादत्युज्ज्वलगुणस्य यत् । वस्तु तद्गुण- तामेति भण्यते स तु तद्गुणः ॥ K. P.1.137; see Chandr.5.141. ˚संविज्ञानः a term applied to those Bahuvrīhi compounds in which the qualities denoted by the name are perceiv- ed along with the thing itself; as लंबकर्ण; cf. अतद्गुणसंविज्ञान also.-ज a. immediate, instantaneous.-ज्ञः a knowing or intelligent man, wise man, philosopher.-तृतीय a. doing that for the third time.-देश्य a. coming from the same country.-देश्यः a fellow countryman.-धन a. miserly, niggardly.-धर्मिन् a. obeying his laws; तद्धर्मिणां निवसतां विषमः स्वभावः Bhāg.3.15.32.-धर्म्य a. of that kind; Bhāg.5.14.2.-पदार्थः the Supreme Being.-पर a.1 following that, coming after that, inferior.-2 having that as the highest ob- ject, closely intent on, exclusively devoted to, eagerly engaged in (usually in comp.); सम्राट् समाराधनतत्परो$भूत् R.2.5;1.66; Me.1; Y.1.83; Ms.3.262.-3 diligent. (-रः) the thirtieth part of a twinkling of the eye. (-रा) one sixtieth of a second of a circle. ˚ता, ˚त्वम्1 intentness, entire devotion or addiction to a thing.-2 inferiority.-परायण a. solely devoted or attached to anything.-पुरुषः 1 the original or Supreme Spirit.-2 N. of a class of compounds in which the first member determines the sense of the other member, or in which the last member is defined or qualified by the first, without losing its original independence; as तत्पुरुषः; तत्पुरुष कर्मधारय येनाहं स्यां बहुव्रीहिः Udb. उत्तरपदप्रधानस्तत्पुरुषः-पूर्व a.1 happening or occurring for the first time; अकारि तत्पूर्वनिबद्धया तया Ku.5.1;7.3; R.2.42;14.38.-2 prior, former.-पूर्वम् ind. that for the first time; Ki.7.11.-प्रथम a. doing that for the first time; Ku.5.66.-फल a. having that as a fruit or result.(-लः) 1 the white water-lily.-2 a kind of perfume.-बलः a kind of arrow.-भव a. sprung from Sanskṛit &c. (as Prākṛit or other words).-भावः becoming that.-मात्रम् 1 merely that, only a trifle, a very small quantity; तन्मात्रादेव कुपितो राजा Ks.6.15.-2 (in phil.) a subtle and primary element (such as शब्द, स्पर्श, रूप, रस and गन्ध) तन्मात्राण्यविशेषाः Sān. K.38; गणस्तन्मात्रपञ्चकश्चैव Sān. K.24; Bhāg.11.24.7.-मात्रिक a. consisting of rudi- mentary atoms; अर्थस्तन्मात्रिकाज्जज्ञे Bhāg.11.24.8.-राजः an affix added to some proper names to form from them the names of the 'king' or 'chief'; as from अङ्ग is formed आङ्ग 'king of the Aṅgas' by the affix अण्.-रूप a. thus shaped, so formed; of the same quality.-वाचक a. denoting or signifying that.-विद् a.1 knowing that.-2 knowing the truth.-विद्य a. a Connoisseur, expert.-विध a. of that kind or sort; भक्त्योपपन्नेषु हि तद्विधानां प्रसादचिह्नानि पुरः फलानि R.2.22; Ku.5.73; Ms.2.112.-संख्याक a. of that number; Y.2.6. com.-समनन्तरम् ind. immediately upon that; Ks.4.24.-स्थ a. being on or in that, connected with it. (-स्थः) a particular mode of multiplication.-हित a. good for that.-(तः) 1 an affix added to primary bases to form derivative or secondary bases from them.-2 a noun formed by a Taddhita affix, a derivative noun.
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