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61 START
I
1.
verb1) (to leave or begin a journey: We shall have to start at 5.30 a.m. in order to get to the boat in time.)2) (to begin: He starts working at six o'clock every morning; She started to cry; She starts her new job next week; Haven't you started (on) your meal yet?; What time does the play start?)3) (to (cause an engine etc to) begin to work: I can't start the car; The car won't start; The clock stopped but I started it again.)4) (to cause something to begin or begin happening etc: One of the students decided to start a college magazine.)
2. noun1) (the beginning of an activity, journey, race etc: I told him at the start that his idea would not succeed; The runners lined up at the start; He stayed in the lead after a good start; I shall have to make a start on that work.)2) (in a race etc, the advantage of beginning before or further forward than others, or the amount of time, distance etc gained through this: The youngest child in the race got a start of five metres; The driver of the stolen car already had twenty minutes' start before the police began the pursuit.)•- starter- starting-point
- for a start
- get off to a good
- bad start
- start off
- start out
- start up
- to start with
II
1.
verb(to jump or jerk suddenly because of fright, surprise etc: The sudden noise made me start.)
2. noun1) (a sudden movement of the body: He gave a start of surprise.)2) (a shock: What a start the news gave me!)start1 n1. principio2. salidathere's a lot of work, let's make a start! hay mucho trabajo, ¡empecemos!start2 vb1. empezarwhat time does it start? ¿a qué hora empieza?2. arrancartr[stɑːt]1 (gen) principio, comienzo, inicio3 (fright, jump) susto, sobresalto■ what a start you gave me! ¡qué susto me has pegado!1 (begin - gen) empezar, comenzar, iniciar; (- conversation) entablar■ what time do you start work? ¿a qué hora empiezas a trabajar?■ she started to cry empezó a llorar, arrancó a llorar2 (cause to begin - fire, epidemic) provocar; (- argument, fight, war, etc) empezar, iniciar■ you've started me thinking me has hecho pensar, me has dado que pensar3 (set up - business) montar, poner; (- organization) fundar, establecer, crear4 (set in motion - machine) poner en marcha; (- vehicle) arrancar, poner en marcha1 (begin) empezar, comenzar■ what time does it start? ¿a qué hora comienza?■ don't start, honey no empieces, cariño■ starting from Tuesday a partir del martes, empezando el martes2 (be set up - business) ser fundado,-a, fundarse, crearse3 (begin to operate) ponerse en marcha, empezar a funcionar; (car) arrancar4 (begin journey) salir, partir, ponerse en camino5 (jump) asustarse, sobresaltarse\SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALLfor a start para empezarto get off to a bad start empezar malto get off to a good start empezar biento get started empezarto make a fresh start volver a empezarto make a start on something empezar algoto start a family tener hijosstart ['stɑrt] vi1) jump: levantarse de un salto, sobresaltarse, dar un respingo2) begin: empezar, comenzar3) set out: salir (de viaje, etc.)4) : arrancar (dícese de un motor)start vt1) begin: empezar, comenzar, iniciar2) cause: provocar, causar3) establish: fundar, montar, establecerto start a business: montar un negocio4) : arrancar, poner en marcha, encenderto start the car: arrancar el motorstart n1) jump: sobresalto m, respingo m2) beginning: principio m, comienzo mto get an early start: salir tempranon.• arranque s.m.• comienzo s.m.• inicio s.m.• principio s.m.• respingo s.m.• salida (Deporte) s.f.• sobresalto s.m.• ventaja s.f. (a motor, etc.)v.• arrancar v.• poner en marcha v.v.• comenzar v.• despegar v.• empezar v.• entablar v.• fundar v.• iniciar v.• nacer v.• originar v.• principiar v.• romper v.stɑːrt, stɑːt
I
1)a) ( beginning) principio m, comienzo mat the start — al principio, al comienzo
from the start — desde el principio or comienzo
from start to finish — del principio al fin, desde el principio hasta el fin
to make a start (on something) — empezar* algo
to make an early start — empezar* temprano; ( on a journey) salir* temprano, ponerse* en camino a primera hora
to make a fresh o new start — empezar* or comenzar* de nuevo
to get (something) off to a good/bad start — empezar* (algo) bien or con el pie derecho/mal or con el pie izquierdo
b)2) ( Sport)a) ( of race) salida fb) (lead, advantage) ventaja f3) ( jump)to give a start — \<\<person/horse\>\> dar* un respingo
to give somebody a start — darle* or pegarle* un susto a alguien, asustar a alguien
II
1.
1) ( begin) \<\<conversation/journey/negotiations\>\> empezar*, comenzar*, iniciar; \<\<job/course\>\> empezar*, comenzar*I start work at eight — empiezo or entro a trabajar a las ocho
to start -ING, to start to + INF — empezar* a + inf
2) ( cause to begin) \<\<race\>\> dar* comienzo a, largar* (CS, Méx); \<\<fire/epidemic\>\> provocar*; \<\<argument/fight\>\> empezar*; \<\<war\>\> \<\<incident\>\> desencadenarto get somebody started — (colloq) darle* cuerda a alguien (fam)
3) ( establish) \<\<business\>\> abrir*, montar; \<\<organization\>\> fundar4) ( cause to operate) \<\<engine/dishwasher\>\> encender*, prender (AmL); \<\<car\>\> arrancar*, hacer* partir (Chi)
2.
1) vi2)a) ( begin) \<\<school/term/meeting\>\> empezar*, comenzar*, iniciarse (frml); \<\<noise/pain/journey/race\>\> empezar*, comenzar*prices start at $30 — cuestan a partir de 30 dólares
to get started — empezar*, comenzar*
to start again o (AmE also) over — volver* a empezar, empezar* or comenzar* de nuevo
to start BY -ING — empezar* por + inf
b)to start with — (as linker): primero or para empezar
3)a) ( originate) empezar*, originarseit all started from an idea I had as a student — todo surgió de una idea que tuve cuando era estudiante
b) ( be founded) ser* fundado4) ( set out) (+ adv compl)it's time we started (for) home — es hora de volver a casa, es hora de que nos pongamos en camino a casa
5) ( begin to operate) \<\<car\>\> arrancar*, partir (Chi); \<\<dishwasher\>\> empezar* a funcionar, ponerse* en marcha6) ( move suddenly) dar* un respingo; ( be frightened) asustarse, sobresaltarseshe started at the noise — el ruido la sobresaltó or la asustó
•Phrasal Verbs:- start on- start up[stɑːt]N ABBR = Strategic Arms Reduction Talks* * *[stɑːrt, stɑːt]
I
1)a) ( beginning) principio m, comienzo mat the start — al principio, al comienzo
from the start — desde el principio or comienzo
from start to finish — del principio al fin, desde el principio hasta el fin
to make a start (on something) — empezar* algo
to make an early start — empezar* temprano; ( on a journey) salir* temprano, ponerse* en camino a primera hora
to make a fresh o new start — empezar* or comenzar* de nuevo
to get (something) off to a good/bad start — empezar* (algo) bien or con el pie derecho/mal or con el pie izquierdo
b)2) ( Sport)a) ( of race) salida fb) (lead, advantage) ventaja f3) ( jump)to give a start — \<\<person/horse\>\> dar* un respingo
to give somebody a start — darle* or pegarle* un susto a alguien, asustar a alguien
II
1.
1) ( begin) \<\<conversation/journey/negotiations\>\> empezar*, comenzar*, iniciar; \<\<job/course\>\> empezar*, comenzar*I start work at eight — empiezo or entro a trabajar a las ocho
to start -ING, to start to + INF — empezar* a + inf
2) ( cause to begin) \<\<race\>\> dar* comienzo a, largar* (CS, Méx); \<\<fire/epidemic\>\> provocar*; \<\<argument/fight\>\> empezar*; \<\<war\>\> \<\<incident\>\> desencadenarto get somebody started — (colloq) darle* cuerda a alguien (fam)
3) ( establish) \<\<business\>\> abrir*, montar; \<\<organization\>\> fundar4) ( cause to operate) \<\<engine/dishwasher\>\> encender*, prender (AmL); \<\<car\>\> arrancar*, hacer* partir (Chi)
2.
1) vi2)a) ( begin) \<\<school/term/meeting\>\> empezar*, comenzar*, iniciarse (frml); \<\<noise/pain/journey/race\>\> empezar*, comenzar*prices start at $30 — cuestan a partir de 30 dólares
to get started — empezar*, comenzar*
to start again o (AmE also) over — volver* a empezar, empezar* or comenzar* de nuevo
to start BY -ING — empezar* por + inf
b)to start with — (as linker): primero or para empezar
3)a) ( originate) empezar*, originarseit all started from an idea I had as a student — todo surgió de una idea que tuve cuando era estudiante
b) ( be founded) ser* fundado4) ( set out) (+ adv compl)it's time we started (for) home — es hora de volver a casa, es hora de que nos pongamos en camino a casa
5) ( begin to operate) \<\<car\>\> arrancar*, partir (Chi); \<\<dishwasher\>\> empezar* a funcionar, ponerse* en marcha6) ( move suddenly) dar* un respingo; ( be frightened) asustarse, sobresaltarseshe started at the noise — el ruido la sobresaltó or la asustó
•Phrasal Verbs:- start on- start up -
62 start
I
1.
verb1) (to leave or begin a journey: We shall have to start at 5.30 a.m. in order to get to the boat in time.)2) (to begin: He starts working at six o'clock every morning; She started to cry; She starts her new job next week; Haven't you started (on) your meal yet?; What time does the play start?)3) (to (cause an engine etc to) begin to work: I can't start the car; The car won't start; The clock stopped but I started it again.)4) (to cause something to begin or begin happening etc: One of the students decided to start a college magazine.)
2. noun1) (the beginning of an activity, journey, race etc: I told him at the start that his idea would not succeed; The runners lined up at the start; He stayed in the lead after a good start; I shall have to make a start on that work.)2) (in a race etc, the advantage of beginning before or further forward than others, or the amount of time, distance etc gained through this: The youngest child in the race got a start of five metres; The driver of the stolen car already had twenty minutes' start before the police began the pursuit.)•- starter- starting-point
- for a start
- get off to a good
- bad start
- start off
- start out
- start up
- to start with
II
1.
verb(to jump or jerk suddenly because of fright, surprise etc: The sudden noise made me start.)
2. noun1) (a sudden movement of the body: He gave a start of surprise.)2) (a shock: What a start the news gave me!)start1 n1. principio2. salidathere's a lot of work, let's make a start! hay mucho trabajo, ¡empecemos!start2 vb1. empezarwhat time does it start? ¿a qué hora empieza?2. arrancartr[stɑːt]1 (gen) principio, comienzo, inicio3 (fright, jump) susto, sobresalto■ what a start you gave me! ¡qué susto me has pegado!1 (begin - gen) empezar, comenzar, iniciar; (- conversation) entablar■ what time do you start work? ¿a qué hora empiezas a trabajar?■ she started to cry empezó a llorar, arrancó a llorar2 (cause to begin - fire, epidemic) provocar; (- argument, fight, war, etc) empezar, iniciar■ you've started me thinking me has hecho pensar, me has dado que pensar3 (set up - business) montar, poner; (- organization) fundar, establecer, crear4 (set in motion - machine) poner en marcha; (- vehicle) arrancar, poner en marcha1 (begin) empezar, comenzar■ what time does it start? ¿a qué hora comienza?■ don't start, honey no empieces, cariño■ starting from Tuesday a partir del martes, empezando el martes2 (be set up - business) ser fundado,-a, fundarse, crearse3 (begin to operate) ponerse en marcha, empezar a funcionar; (car) arrancar4 (begin journey) salir, partir, ponerse en camino5 (jump) asustarse, sobresaltarse\SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALLfor a start para empezarto get off to a bad start empezar malto get off to a good start empezar biento get started empezarto make a fresh start volver a empezarto make a start on something empezar algoto start a family tener hijosstart ['stɑrt] vi1) jump: levantarse de un salto, sobresaltarse, dar un respingo2) begin: empezar, comenzar3) set out: salir (de viaje, etc.)4) : arrancar (dícese de un motor)start vt1) begin: empezar, comenzar, iniciar2) cause: provocar, causar3) establish: fundar, montar, establecerto start a business: montar un negocio4) : arrancar, poner en marcha, encenderto start the car: arrancar el motorstart n1) jump: sobresalto m, respingo m2) beginning: principio m, comienzo mto get an early start: salir tempranon.• arranque s.m.• comienzo s.m.• inicio s.m.• principio s.m.• respingo s.m.• salida (Deporte) s.f.• sobresalto s.m.• ventaja s.f. (a motor, etc.)v.• arrancar v.• poner en marcha v.v.• comenzar v.• despegar v.• empezar v.• entablar v.• fundar v.• iniciar v.• nacer v.• originar v.• principiar v.• romper v.stɑːrt, stɑːt
I
1)a) ( beginning) principio m, comienzo mat the start — al principio, al comienzo
from the start — desde el principio or comienzo
from start to finish — del principio al fin, desde el principio hasta el fin
to make a start (on something) — empezar* algo
to make an early start — empezar* temprano; ( on a journey) salir* temprano, ponerse* en camino a primera hora
to make a fresh o new start — empezar* or comenzar* de nuevo
to get (something) off to a good/bad start — empezar* (algo) bien or con el pie derecho/mal or con el pie izquierdo
b)2) ( Sport)a) ( of race) salida fb) (lead, advantage) ventaja f3) ( jump)to give a start — \<\<person/horse\>\> dar* un respingo
to give somebody a start — darle* or pegarle* un susto a alguien, asustar a alguien
II
1.
1) ( begin) \<\<conversation/journey/negotiations\>\> empezar*, comenzar*, iniciar; \<\<job/course\>\> empezar*, comenzar*I start work at eight — empiezo or entro a trabajar a las ocho
to start -ING, to start to + INF — empezar* a + inf
2) ( cause to begin) \<\<race\>\> dar* comienzo a, largar* (CS, Méx); \<\<fire/epidemic\>\> provocar*; \<\<argument/fight\>\> empezar*; \<\<war\>\> \<\<incident\>\> desencadenarto get somebody started — (colloq) darle* cuerda a alguien (fam)
3) ( establish) \<\<business\>\> abrir*, montar; \<\<organization\>\> fundar4) ( cause to operate) \<\<engine/dishwasher\>\> encender*, prender (AmL); \<\<car\>\> arrancar*, hacer* partir (Chi)
2.
1) vi2)a) ( begin) \<\<school/term/meeting\>\> empezar*, comenzar*, iniciarse (frml); \<\<noise/pain/journey/race\>\> empezar*, comenzar*prices start at $30 — cuestan a partir de 30 dólares
to get started — empezar*, comenzar*
to start again o (AmE also) over — volver* a empezar, empezar* or comenzar* de nuevo
to start BY -ING — empezar* por + inf
b)to start with — (as linker): primero or para empezar
3)a) ( originate) empezar*, originarseit all started from an idea I had as a student — todo surgió de una idea que tuve cuando era estudiante
b) ( be founded) ser* fundado4) ( set out) (+ adv compl)it's time we started (for) home — es hora de volver a casa, es hora de que nos pongamos en camino a casa
5) ( begin to operate) \<\<car\>\> arrancar*, partir (Chi); \<\<dishwasher\>\> empezar* a funcionar, ponerse* en marcha6) ( move suddenly) dar* un respingo; ( be frightened) asustarse, sobresaltarseshe started at the noise — el ruido la sobresaltó or la asustó
•Phrasal Verbs:- start on- start up[stɑːt]1. N1) (=beginning) principio m, comienzo m•
at the start — al principio, en un principioat the very start — muy al principio, en los mismos comienzos
•
for a start — en primer lugar, para empezar•
from the start — desde el principio•
to get a good start in life — disfrutar de una infancia privilegiada•
to get off to a good/bad/slow start — empezar bien/mal/lentamente•
to give sb a (good) start in life — ayudar a algn a situarse en la vida•
to make a start — empezarto make an early start — (on journey) ponerse en camino temprano; (with job) empezar temprano
to make a fresh or new start in life — hacer vida nueva
2) (=departure) salida f (also Sport); (=starting line) línea f de salida3) (=advantage) ventaja f•
to give sb five minutes' or a five-minute start — dar a algn cinco minutos de ventaja•
to have a start on sb — tener ventaja sobre algn4) (=fright etc) susto m, sobresalto m•
to give sb a start — asustar or dar un susto a algnwhat a start you gave me! — ¡qué susto me diste!
•
to wake with a start — despertarse sobresaltado2. VT1) (=begin) empezar, comenzar; [+ discussion etc] abrir, iniciar; [+ bottle] abrir; [+ quarrel, argument] empezar; [+ journey] iniciarto start a new cheque book/page — comenzar or empezar un talonario nuevo/una página nueva
don't start that again! — ¡no vuelvas a eso!
to start doing sth or to do sth — empezar a hacer algo
start moving! — ¡menearse!
start talking! — ¡desembucha!
•
to start the day right — empezar bien el día•
he started life as a labourer — empezó de or como peón•
he started work yesterday — entró a trabajar ayer2) (=cause to begin or happen) [+ fire] provocar; [+ war] [person, country] empezar, iniciar; [incident, act] desencadenar; [+ fashion] empezar, iniciar; [+ rumour, tradition] iniciar, dar comienzo ayou started it! — ¡tú diste el primer golpe!
3)• to get started — empezar, ponerse en marcha
to get sth started — [+ engine, car] poner algo en marcha, arrancar algo; [+ project] poner algo en marcha
to get sb started — (on activity) poner a algn en marcha; (in career) iniciar a algn en su carrera
don't start him (off) on that! — ¡no le des cuerda!
7) (=disturb)3. VI1) (=begin) empezar, comenzar; [conversation, discussion] iniciarse; [quarrel, argument] producirse; [fashion] empezar, iniciar; [war] estallar, empezar; [rumour, tradition] originarse; [fire] empezar, iniciarse; [music] empezarclasses start on Monday — las clases comienzan or empiezan el lunes
it started (off) rather well/badly — [film, match] empezó bastante bien/mal
•
he started (off or out) as a postman — empezó como or de carterohe started (off or out) as a Marxist — empezó como marxista
•
to start at the beginning — empezar desde el principio•
he started (off) by saying... — empezó por decir or diciendo...•
the route starts from here — la ruta sale de aquí•
to start (out or up) in business — montar or poner un negocio•
to start (off) with... — (=firstly) en primer lugar..., para empezar...; (=at the beginning) al principio..., en un principio...what shall we start (off) with? — ¿con qué empezamos?
he started (off or out) with the intention of writing a thesis — empezó con la intención de escribir una tesis
2) (=embark)•
to start on a task — emprender una tareato start on a book — (=begin reading) empezar a leer un libro; (=begin writing) empezar a escribir un libro
they started on another bottle — abrieron or empezaron otra botella
3) (also: start off, start out) (on journey) [person] partir, ponerse en camino; [bus, train, runner] salirto start (off or out) from London/for Madrid — salir de Londres/partir con rumbo a or para Madrid
5) (=jump nervously) asustarse, sobresaltarse (at a)6) [timber etc] combarse, torcerse; [rivets etc] soltarse- start in- start on- start up* * *[stɑːrt, stɑːt]
I
1)a) ( beginning) principio m, comienzo mat the start — al principio, al comienzo
from the start — desde el principio or comienzo
from start to finish — del principio al fin, desde el principio hasta el fin
to make a start (on something) — empezar* algo
to make an early start — empezar* temprano; ( on a journey) salir* temprano, ponerse* en camino a primera hora
to make a fresh o new start — empezar* or comenzar* de nuevo
to get (something) off to a good/bad start — empezar* (algo) bien or con el pie derecho/mal or con el pie izquierdo
b)2) ( Sport)a) ( of race) salida fb) (lead, advantage) ventaja f3) ( jump)to give a start — \<\<person/horse\>\> dar* un respingo
to give somebody a start — darle* or pegarle* un susto a alguien, asustar a alguien
II
1.
1) ( begin) \<\<conversation/journey/negotiations\>\> empezar*, comenzar*, iniciar; \<\<job/course\>\> empezar*, comenzar*I start work at eight — empiezo or entro a trabajar a las ocho
to start -ING, to start to + INF — empezar* a + inf
2) ( cause to begin) \<\<race\>\> dar* comienzo a, largar* (CS, Méx); \<\<fire/epidemic\>\> provocar*; \<\<argument/fight\>\> empezar*; \<\<war\>\> \<\<incident\>\> desencadenarto get somebody started — (colloq) darle* cuerda a alguien (fam)
3) ( establish) \<\<business\>\> abrir*, montar; \<\<organization\>\> fundar4) ( cause to operate) \<\<engine/dishwasher\>\> encender*, prender (AmL); \<\<car\>\> arrancar*, hacer* partir (Chi)
2.
1) vi2)a) ( begin) \<\<school/term/meeting\>\> empezar*, comenzar*, iniciarse (frml); \<\<noise/pain/journey/race\>\> empezar*, comenzar*prices start at $30 — cuestan a partir de 30 dólares
to get started — empezar*, comenzar*
to start again o (AmE also) over — volver* a empezar, empezar* or comenzar* de nuevo
to start BY -ING — empezar* por + inf
b)to start with — (as linker): primero or para empezar
3)a) ( originate) empezar*, originarseit all started from an idea I had as a student — todo surgió de una idea que tuve cuando era estudiante
b) ( be founded) ser* fundado4) ( set out) (+ adv compl)it's time we started (for) home — es hora de volver a casa, es hora de que nos pongamos en camino a casa
5) ( begin to operate) \<\<car\>\> arrancar*, partir (Chi); \<\<dishwasher\>\> empezar* a funcionar, ponerse* en marcha6) ( move suddenly) dar* un respingo; ( be frightened) asustarse, sobresaltarseshe started at the noise — el ruido la sobresaltó or la asustó
•Phrasal Verbs:- start on- start up -
63 сутичка
ж1) skirmish; ( рукопашна бійка) conflict, grapple, scuffle, fray, scrimmage, encounter, scramble, jostle; ( боротьба) wrestle, brush (with, between); bout; (удар, зіткнення) collision; impact (on, against); ( сварка) bickering, quarrel2) військ. skirmish, encounter; close fight, close engagementзбройна сутичка — armed conflict; skirmish, passage of arms
рукопашна сутичка — hand-to-hand fight, man-to-man fight
-
64 straight
I [streɪt]nome sport rettilineo m.back straight — = rettilineo parallelo al rettilineo d'arrivo
II 1. [streɪt]home straight — dirittura o rettilineo d'arrivo
1) (not bent or curved) [line, road] dritto, diritto; [ hair] liscio2) (level, upright) [shelf, hem, edge, wall] dritto; [bedclothes, tablecloth] dritto, messo bene3) (tidy, in order) ordinato, in ordine, a postoto get o put sth. straight — mettere qcs. a posto (anche fig.)
4) (clear)to get sth. straight — capire (bene) qcs.
to put o set sb. straight about sth. chiarire qcs. a qcn.; to put o set the record straight — mettere le cose in chiaro
to be straight with sb. — essere franco con qcn., comportarsi lealmente con qcn
6) (unconditional) [majority, profit, choice] netto; [ refusal] netto, categoricoa straight fight — BE pol. una contesa tra due candidati
7) (undiluted) [ drink] puro, liscio8) (consecutive) [wins, defeats] consecutivo, di filahe got straight "A"s — scol. ha preso "A" in tutto
9) teatr. [actor, role] classico10) colloq. [ person] (conventional) normale, convenzionale; (not on drugs) che non fa uso di droghe; (heterosexual) eterosessuale2.1) (not obliquely) [walk, stand up, grow, cut] dritto, dirittoto look sb. straight in the eye — guardare qcn. dritto negli occhi
the car was coming straight at o towards me la macchina veniva dritto verso di me; straight above our heads proprio sopra le nostre teste; the bullet went straight through his body il proiettile gli attraversò il corpo (da parte a parte); they drove straight past me — sono passati in macchina senza fermarsi
2) (without delay) direttamente, difilato, drittostraight away straight off subito, immediatamente; it seemed like something straight out of the Middle Ages — sembrava venire direttamente dal Medioevo
3) (frankly) chiaramentegive it to me straight — colloq. dimmelo chiaro e tondo
she told him straight out that... — gli ha detto chiaro e tondo che...
to play straight with sb. — comportarsi in modo leale con qcn
4) (neat)••to keep to the straight and narrow — seguire la retta via, condurre una vita onesta
to go straight — colloq. [ criminal] rigare dritto, mettere la testa a posto
straight up? — BE colloq. sul serio? davvero?
* * *[streit] 1. adjective1) (not bent or curved: a straight line; straight (= not curly) hair; That line is not straight.) diritto, dritto; liscio2) ((of a person, his behaviour etc) honest, frank and direct: Give me a straight answer!) franco, schietto, diretto3) (properly or levelly positioned: Your tie isn't straight.) dritto4) (correct and tidy: I'll never get this house straight!; Now let's get the facts straight!) in ordine, chiaramente5) ((of drinks) not mixed: a straight gin.) puro, liscio6) ((of a face, expression etc) not smiling or laughing: You should keep a straight face while you tell a joke.) serio, impassibile7) ((of an actor) playing normal characters, or (of a play) of the ordinary type - not a musical or variety show.) serio2. adverb1) (in a straight, not curved, line; directly: His route went straight across the desert; She can't steer straight; Keep straight on.) diritto, dritto2) (immediately, without any delay: He went straight home after the meeting.) direttamente3) (honestly or fairly: You're not playing (= behaving) straight.) correttamente3. noun(the straight part of something, eg of a racecourse: He's in the final straight.) dirittura (d'arrivo)- straightness
- straightforward
- straightforwardly
- straightforwardness
- straight talking
- go straight
- straight away
- straighten out/up
- a straight fight
- straight off* * *I [streɪt]nome sport rettilineo m.back straight — = rettilineo parallelo al rettilineo d'arrivo
II 1. [streɪt]home straight — dirittura o rettilineo d'arrivo
1) (not bent or curved) [line, road] dritto, diritto; [ hair] liscio2) (level, upright) [shelf, hem, edge, wall] dritto; [bedclothes, tablecloth] dritto, messo bene3) (tidy, in order) ordinato, in ordine, a postoto get o put sth. straight — mettere qcs. a posto (anche fig.)
4) (clear)to get sth. straight — capire (bene) qcs.
to put o set sb. straight about sth. chiarire qcs. a qcn.; to put o set the record straight — mettere le cose in chiaro
to be straight with sb. — essere franco con qcn., comportarsi lealmente con qcn
6) (unconditional) [majority, profit, choice] netto; [ refusal] netto, categoricoa straight fight — BE pol. una contesa tra due candidati
7) (undiluted) [ drink] puro, liscio8) (consecutive) [wins, defeats] consecutivo, di filahe got straight "A"s — scol. ha preso "A" in tutto
9) teatr. [actor, role] classico10) colloq. [ person] (conventional) normale, convenzionale; (not on drugs) che non fa uso di droghe; (heterosexual) eterosessuale2.1) (not obliquely) [walk, stand up, grow, cut] dritto, dirittoto look sb. straight in the eye — guardare qcn. dritto negli occhi
the car was coming straight at o towards me la macchina veniva dritto verso di me; straight above our heads proprio sopra le nostre teste; the bullet went straight through his body il proiettile gli attraversò il corpo (da parte a parte); they drove straight past me — sono passati in macchina senza fermarsi
2) (without delay) direttamente, difilato, drittostraight away straight off subito, immediatamente; it seemed like something straight out of the Middle Ages — sembrava venire direttamente dal Medioevo
3) (frankly) chiaramentegive it to me straight — colloq. dimmelo chiaro e tondo
she told him straight out that... — gli ha detto chiaro e tondo che...
to play straight with sb. — comportarsi in modo leale con qcn
4) (neat)••to keep to the straight and narrow — seguire la retta via, condurre una vita onesta
to go straight — colloq. [ criminal] rigare dritto, mettere la testa a posto
straight up? — BE colloq. sul serio? davvero?
-
65 battle
battle [ˈbætl]1. nounbataille f, combat m• to lose/win the battle perdre/gagner la bataille3. compounds* * *['bætl] 1.political battle — lutte f politique
2. 3.legal battle — bataille f légale
intransitive verb Military, fig combattre ( with somebody contre quelqu'un)to battle for something/to do — lutter pour quelque chose/pour faire
Phrasal Verbs:•• -
66 end
end [end]━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━1. noun4. compounds━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━1. nouna. [of film, chapter, month] fin f• it's not the end of the world! (inf) ce n'est pas la fin du monde !• to get to the end of [+ book, holiday] arriver à la fin de• so that was the end of that theory! à partir de là, cette théorie a été définitivement enterrée !• then she found out he had no money, and that was the end of him et quand elle s'est rendue compte qu'il n'avait pas d'argent, ça en a été fini de luib. ( = cessation) he called for an end to the violence il a lancé un appel pour que cesse la violence• there is no sign of an end to population growth rien ne semble indiquer que la population va cesser d'augmenterc. ( = farthest part) bout m• he's reached the end of the line ( = cannot progress) il est dans une impasse• how are things at your end? comment ça va de ton côté ?d. ( = purpose) but m• those who use violence for political ends ceux qui se servent de la violence à des fins politiques (PROV) the end justifies the means(PROV) la fin justifie les moyens• her behaviour has improved no end son comportement s'est beaucoup amélioré► on end ( = upright) debout• it makes my hair stand on end! ça me fait dresser les cheveux sur la tête !( = bring to an end) mettre fin à• to end it all ( = kill oneself) mettre fin à ses jours( = come to an end) se terminer• where's it all going to end? comment tout cela finira-t-il ?• verb ending in "re" verbe se terminant en « re »4. compounds* * *[end] 1.1) ( final part) fin f‘The End’ — (of film, book etc) ‘Fin’
at the end of — à la fin de [year, story]
by the end of — à la fin de [year, journey, game]
to put an end to something —
to get to the end of — arriver à la fin de [holiday]; arriver au bout de [story, work]
in the end —
at the end of the day — ( all things considered) en fin de compte
it's the end of the line ou road for the project — le projet arrive en fin de course
no end of (colloq) trouble — énormément de problèmes
that really is the end! — (colloq) c'est vraiment le comble! (colloq)
you really are the end! — (colloq) tu exagères!
2) ( extremity) bout m, extrémité fat the end of —
the third from the end — le/la troisième avant la fin
3) (side of conversation, transaction) côté mthings are fine at my ou this end — de mon côté tout va bien
4) (of scale, spectrum) extrémité fthis suit is from the cheaper ou bottom end of the range — ce costume est un des moins chers de la gamme
5) ( aim) but mto this ou that end — dans ce but
6) Sport côté m, camp m7) ( scrap) (of rope, string) bout m; (of loaf, joint of meat) reste m8) ( death) mort f2. 3.transitive verb gen mettre fin à; rompre [marriage]4.intransitive verb gen se terminer (in, with par); [contract, agreement] expirerPhrasal Verbs:- end up•• -
67 доводка
1. ж. метал. -об. operational development; finishing; larping; honing2. ж. retreating, final concentration3. ж. метал. refining -
68 um
I Präp. (+ Akk)2. zeitlich, ungefähr: about, around; genau: at; so um halb fünf umg. at around ( oder about) half past four5. (in bezug auf) aboutII Konj.: um zu (+ Inf.) (in order) to (+ Inf.) um ehrlich zu sein to be honest; zu krank, um zu arbeiten too ill to workIII Adv.1. (etwa) about, around* * *in order to (Konj.); to (Konj.);(zeitlich genau) at (Präp.)* * *ụm [ʊm]1. prep +acc1)um... (herum) — round (Brit), around; (unbestimmter
2)(= nach allen Seiten)
um sich schauen — to look around (one) or about oneum sich schlagen —
3)um... (herum) — around about; (bei Uhrzeiten auch) at aboutum Weihnachten/Ostern etc — around Christmas/Easter etc
5) (= betreffend, über) aboutes geht um das Prinzip — it's a question of principles, it's the principle of the thing
6) (=für Ergebnis, Ziel bezeichnend) forder Kampf um die Stadt/den Titel — the battle for the town/the title
um etw rufen/bitten etc — to cry/ask etc for sth
7)(= wegen)
die Sorge um die Zukunft — concern for or about the future8) (bei Differenzangaben) byum 10% teurer — 10% more expensive
er ist um zwei Jahre jünger als sie — he is two years younger than she is, he is younger than her by two years
um vieles besser — far better, better by far
um nichts besser/teurer etc — no better/dearer etc → umso
9)jdn um etw bringen — to deprive sb of sthum etw kommen — to be deprived of sth, to miss out on sth
10) (= nach) after, uponeiner um den anderen, eine um die andere — one after the other
2. prep +genum... willen — for the sake of
um Gottes willen! — for goodness' or (stärker) God's sake!
3. conjum... zu (final) — (in order) to
er spart jeden Cent, um sich später ein Haus kaufen zu können — he is saving every cent in order to be able to buy a house later
intelligent genug/zu intelligent, um... zu — intelligent enough/too intelligent to...
der Fluss schlängelt sich durch das enge Tal, um dann in der Ebene zu einem breiten Strom anzuwachsen — the stream winds through the narrow valley and then broadens out into a wide river in the plain
er studierte jahrelang Jura, um dann Taxifahrer zu werden — he studied law for several years only to become a taxi driver
4. adv1)(= ungefähr)
um (die) 30 Schüler etc — about or (a)round about 30 pupils etc, 30 pupils etc or so2) (rare)* * *1) (around or surrounding: She wore a coat about her shoulders; He lay with his clothes scattered about.) about2) (time: He arrived at ten o'clock; The children came at the sound of the bell.) at3) ((of time) not later than: by 6 o'clock.) by4) (to the extent of: taller by ten centimetres.) by* * *um[ʊm]1. (kreisend)bei ihm dreht sich alles \um Geld (fig) money is everything to himschwarze Ringe \um die Augen [dark] rings under one's eyes\um etw [herum]stehen:\um die Wiese [herum] stehen Bäume the meadow is bordered by treesdas Team \um jdn (fig) the team headed by sb\um sich greifen to spread\um sich schlagen to lash out, to hit out in all directions\um sich treten akk to kick out in all directionseinen Tag \um den anderen every second dayTag \um Tag day after daySchlag \um Schlag blow by blowSchritt \um Schritt step by stepWoche \um Woche week after week\um nichts enger/breiter no narrower/widerden Preis \um die Hälfte/ \um 10 Euro [auf 30 Euro] reduzieren to halve the price/to reduce the price by €10 [to €30]\um einen Kopf größer/kleiner a head taller/shorter by a head\um 10 cm länger/kürzer 10 cm longer/shorter\um 10 Euro kann man es kaufen you can buy it for €10\um was geht es denn? (fam) what's it about?\um etw bitten/kämpfen to ask/fight for sthein Film \um etw a film about sthfroh \um etw happy about sth\um etw laufen DIAL to go and fetch sth\um etw streiten to argue about sthdas Wissen \um etw knowledge of sth8. (wegen)\um meinetwillen for my sake▪ \um jdn/etw for sb/sthII. adv1. (genau)\um fünf [Uhr] at five o'clock2. (ungefähr)\um [die] eine Million Euro [herum] about [or around] a million euros, a million euros or thereabout[s]es wurde \um 1740 geschrieben it was written around 1740 [or in 1740 or thereabout[s]]\um Ostern/den 15./die Mitte des Monats [herum] around Easter/the 15th/the middle of the month\um fünf Uhr herum at about five o'clock3. (vorüber)die Zeit ist \um time's up4.III. konj1. (zwecks)▪ jd/etw tut etw, \um etw zu tun sb/sth does sth [in order] to do sth▪ jd/etw tut etw, \um etw nicht zu tun sb/sth does sth so as not to do sth2. (eignend)ein Rechner, \um Texte zu bearbeiten a computer for editing texts\um die Verkaufszahlen zu erhöhen, muss das Verkaufsgebiet aufgeteilt werden if the sales figures are to improve, the sales area must be divided upsie erhält Geld, \um sie zum Schweigen zu bringen she receives money to keep quiet4. (konsekutiv)die Zeit reicht [nicht] aus, \um es zu Ende zu bringen there's [not] enough time to finish itetw brauchen, \um etw zu tun to need sth to do sth [or before one can do sth]glücklich/verzweifelt sein, \um etw zu tun to be so happy/desperate that one could do sthnaiv/reich/schnell genug sein, \um etw zu tun to be naive/rich/fast enough to do sthnicht die/nicht genug Zeit haben, \um etw zu tun to not have the/enough time to do sthzu arm/klein/krank sein, \um etw zu tun to be too poor/small/ill to do sth▪ es ist, \um etw zu tun:es ist, \um sich die Haare zu raufen! it makes you want to tear your hair!er kam herein, \um gleich wieder hinauszugehen he came in only to go out again soon after* * *1.1) (räumlich) [a]roundum etwas herum — [a]round something
um sich schlagen — lash or hit out
um acht [Uhr] — at eight [o'clock]
um den 20. August [herum] — around [about] 20 August
3)Tag um Tag/Stunde um Stunde — day after day/hour after hour
Meter um Meter/Schritt um Schritt — metre by metre/step by step
4) (bei Maß- u. Mengenangaben) bydie Temperatur stieg um 5 Grad — the temperature rose [by] five degrees
2.um nichts/einiges/vieles besser sein — be no/somewhat/a lot better
Adverb around; about3.um [die] 50 Personen [herum] — around or about or round about 50 people
1) (final)um... zu — [in order] to
2) (konsekutiv)er ist groß genug, um... zu... — he is big enough to...
* * *umA. präp (+akk)3. Maß:um … steigen, kürzen etc: by;um die Häfte größer etc: by half4. (für) for;Schritt um Schritt step by step5. (in bezug auf) about6.B. konj:um ehrlich zu sein to be honest;zu krank, um zu arbeiten too ill to workC. adv1. (etwa) about, around2.um (vorüber)sein be over;die Zeit ist um bei Prüfung, Quiz etc: time’s up3.um und um (ganz und gar) completely* * *1.1) (räumlich) [a]roundum etwas herum — [a]round something
um sich schlagen — lash or hit out
um acht [Uhr] — at eight [o'clock]
um den 20. August [herum] — around [about] 20 August
3)Tag um Tag/Stunde um Stunde — day after day/hour after hour
Meter um Meter/Schritt um Schritt — metre by metre/step by step
4) (bei Maß- u. Mengenangaben) bydie Temperatur stieg um 5 Grad — the temperature rose [by] five degrees
2.um nichts/einiges/vieles besser sein — be no/somewhat/a lot better
Adverb around; about3.um [die] 50 Personen [herum] — around or about or round about 50 people
1) (final)um... zu — [in order] to
2) (konsekutiv)er ist groß genug, um... zu... — he is big enough to...
* * *präp.at prep. -
69 terminar
v.1 to end, to finish.terminamos el viaje en San Francisco we ended our journey in San Francisco¿cómo termina la historia? how does the story end o finish?terminar con to put an end to (pobreza, corrupción)terminar de hacer algo to finish doing somethingElla termina la obra She finishes the play.Ya terminé I already finishedLa película acabó The film finished.María terminó a Ricardo Mary finished=ruined Richard.2 to finish, to split up.¡hemos terminado! it's over!3 to finish off, to complete, to culminate, to end off.María terminó la gira Mary finished off the tour.4 to end up, to wind up, to end up by.María terminó pintando Mary ended up painting.María terminó muy cansada Mary ended up all in.5 to break up.* * *1 (acabar) to finish, complete2 (dar fin) to end1 (acabar) to finish, end2 (acabar de) to have just (de, -)3 (final de una acción, de un estado) to end up4 (eliminar) to put an end ( con, to)7 (enfermedad) to come to the final stage1 (acabarse) to finish, end, be over2 (agotarse) to run out\terminar bien to have a happy endingterminar mal (historia) to have an unhappy ending 2 (personas - relación) to end up on bad terms 3 (- destino) to come to a sticky end* * *verb1) to end2) conclude3) complete4) finish5) expire* * *1.VT to finish2. VI1) [persona]a) [en una acción, un trabajo] to finish¿todavía no has terminado? — haven't you finished yet?
¿quieres dejar que termine? — would you mind letting me finish?
•
terminar de hacer algo — to finish doing sth, stop doing sthcuando termine de hablar — when he finishes o stops speaking
terminó de llenar el vaso con helado — he topped o filled the glass up with ice-cream
•
no termino de entender por qué lo hizo — I just can't understand why she did itno me cae mal, pero no termina de convencerme — I don't dislike him, but I'm not too sure about him
b) [de una forma determinada] to end upterminó diciendo que... — he ended by saying that...
c)• terminar con, han terminado con todas las provisiones — they've finished off all the supplies
hace falta algo que termine con el problema del paro — we need something to put an end to the problem of unemployment
he terminado con Andrés — I've broken up with o finished with Andrés
¡estos niños van a terminar conmigo! — these children will be the death of me!
d)• terminar por hacer algo — to end up doing sth
2) [obra, acto] to end¿cómo termina la película? — how does the film end?
¿a qué hora termina la clase? — what time does the class finish o end?
3) [objeto, palabra]•
terminar en algo — to end in sthtermina en vocal — it ends in o with a vowel
4) (Inform) to quit3.See:* * *1.verbo transitivo <trabajo/estudio> to finish; <casa/obras> to finish, complete2.dar por terminado algo — <discusión/conflicto> to put an end to something
terminar vi1) personaa) ( de hacer algo) to finishterminar DE + INF — to finish -ing
b) (en estado, situación) to end upterminar DE algo: terminó de camarero he ended up (working) as a waiter; terminar + GER or terminar POR + INF to end up -ing; terminó marchándose or por marcharse — he ended up leaving
2)a) reunión/situación to end, come to an endesto va a terminar mal — this is going to turn out o end badly
y para terminar nos sirvieron... — and to finish we had...
b) ( rematar)3) terminar cona) (acabar, consumir)terminar con algo — <con libro/tarea> to finish with something; <con problema/abuso> to put an end to something
b)terminar con alguien — ( pelearse) to finish with somebody; ( destruir) to kill somebody
4) ( llegar a)3.terminar DE + INF: no termina de convencerme I'm not totally convinced; no terminaba de gustarle — she wasn't totally happy about it
terminarse v pron1) azúcar/pan to run out; (+ me/te/le etc)2) curso/reunión to come to an end, be over3) (enf) <libro/comida> to finish, polish off* * *= be over, cease, conclude, discontinue, end, end up, exit, quit, see through + to its completion, terminate, finish up, break up, finish, wind up (in/at), get through, call it quits, carry through to + completion, finish off, top + Nombre + off, wind down, close + the book on.Ex. Alternatively, the loan policy may be changed to make documents due when the vacation is over.Ex. After collection has ceased (because a point of diminishing returns appears to have been reached), the cards must be put into groups of 'like' terms.Ex. Thus chapter 21 concludes with a number of special rules.Ex. Systems like OCLC are going from classical catalogs in the direction of online catalogs, and at least one institution on the OCLC system has discontinued adding cards to its catalog.Ex. But if you have a certain feeling about language, then language ends up becoming very, very important.Ex. Enter the lesson number you wish, or press the letter 'X' to exit the tutorial.Ex. If you decide not to send or save the message, replace the question mark in front of ' Quit' with another character.Ex. I would like to thank all those who at various times throughout the course of the project assisted so ably in seeing the work through to its completion.Ex. An SDI profile can be terminated at any future time by the commands.Ex. In trying to get the best of both worlds, we may have finished up with the worst.Ex. Tom Hernandez tried not to show how sad he felt about his friends' leaving, and managed to keep up a cheerful facade until the party broke up.Ex. Activities can be plotted to allow the librarian to determine the most expeditious route that can be taken to finish the event.Ex. Besides, winding up in an exclusive arrangement with a distributor that has rotten customer service ruins any advantage.Ex. Some children cannot get through a longer story or novel in less time.Ex. 'Professional people don't live by the clock: you wouldn't tell a doctor or a lawyer that he couldn't make a decision to call it quits on a particular day'.Ex. The author discusses the development process which began with a concept, continued with the formulation of objectives, and has been carried through to completion.Ex. His statement is a serious threat to the cooperative sector and was aimed at finishing off the movement.Ex. Top it off with spicy yacamole and it's worth the nosh.Ex. As President Bush's second term winds down, this is no time for him to be making trouble for his successor.Ex. Obama, who tries to steer clear of the political thicket of race and politics, accepted the apology and said he wanted to close the book on the episode.----* estar casi terminado = be nearing completion, reach + near completion.* estar terminándose = be on + Posesivo + last legs, be on the way out.* no terminar nunca de tener problemas con = have + no end of problems with.* para terminar = in closing.* sin terminar = unfinished.* terminar con Algo = be done with it.* terminar con mejor cara = end up on + a high note.* terminar con una nota de optimismo = end + Nombre + on a high (note).* terminar con un broche de oro = end + Nombre + on a high (note).* terminar de forma positiva = end + Nombre + on a high (note).* terminar de + Infinitivo = complete + Gerundio.* terminar de trabajar = clock off + work.* terminar en empate = end in + a draw, result in + a draw.* terminar en un tono + Adjetivo = end on + a + Adjetivo + note.* terminar formando parte de = find + Posesivo + way into/onto.* terminar la jornada laboral = clock off + work.* terminar los estudios = graduate.* terminar mal = come to + a bad end.* terminar mejor de lo que + empezar = end up on + a high note.* terminar repentinamente = come to + a swift end, come to + an abrupt end.* terminarse = draw to + a close, run + short (of), be gone, come to + an end, draw to + an end, be all gone.* terminarse el tiempo = time + run out.* terminarse la (buena) suerte = run out of + luck, luck + run out.* terminar turno de trabajo = come off + duty.* terminar un embarazo = terminate + pregnancy.* * *1.verbo transitivo <trabajo/estudio> to finish; <casa/obras> to finish, complete2.dar por terminado algo — <discusión/conflicto> to put an end to something
terminar vi1) personaa) ( de hacer algo) to finishterminar DE + INF — to finish -ing
b) (en estado, situación) to end upterminar DE algo: terminó de camarero he ended up (working) as a waiter; terminar + GER or terminar POR + INF to end up -ing; terminó marchándose or por marcharse — he ended up leaving
2)a) reunión/situación to end, come to an endesto va a terminar mal — this is going to turn out o end badly
y para terminar nos sirvieron... — and to finish we had...
b) ( rematar)3) terminar cona) (acabar, consumir)terminar con algo — <con libro/tarea> to finish with something; <con problema/abuso> to put an end to something
b)terminar con alguien — ( pelearse) to finish with somebody; ( destruir) to kill somebody
4) ( llegar a)3.terminar DE + INF: no termina de convencerme I'm not totally convinced; no terminaba de gustarle — she wasn't totally happy about it
terminarse v pron1) azúcar/pan to run out; (+ me/te/le etc)2) curso/reunión to come to an end, be over3) (enf) <libro/comida> to finish, polish off* * *= be over, cease, conclude, discontinue, end, end up, exit, quit, see through + to its completion, terminate, finish up, break up, finish, wind up (in/at), get through, call it quits, carry through to + completion, finish off, top + Nombre + off, wind down, close + the book on.Ex: Alternatively, the loan policy may be changed to make documents due when the vacation is over.
Ex: After collection has ceased (because a point of diminishing returns appears to have been reached), the cards must be put into groups of 'like' terms.Ex: Thus chapter 21 concludes with a number of special rules.Ex: Systems like OCLC are going from classical catalogs in the direction of online catalogs, and at least one institution on the OCLC system has discontinued adding cards to its catalog.Ex: But if you have a certain feeling about language, then language ends up becoming very, very important.Ex: Enter the lesson number you wish, or press the letter 'X' to exit the tutorial.Ex: If you decide not to send or save the message, replace the question mark in front of ' Quit' with another character.Ex: I would like to thank all those who at various times throughout the course of the project assisted so ably in seeing the work through to its completion.Ex: An SDI profile can be terminated at any future time by the commands.Ex: In trying to get the best of both worlds, we may have finished up with the worst.Ex: Tom Hernandez tried not to show how sad he felt about his friends' leaving, and managed to keep up a cheerful facade until the party broke up.Ex: Activities can be plotted to allow the librarian to determine the most expeditious route that can be taken to finish the event.Ex: Besides, winding up in an exclusive arrangement with a distributor that has rotten customer service ruins any advantage.Ex: Some children cannot get through a longer story or novel in less time.Ex: 'Professional people don't live by the clock: you wouldn't tell a doctor or a lawyer that he couldn't make a decision to call it quits on a particular day'.Ex: The author discusses the development process which began with a concept, continued with the formulation of objectives, and has been carried through to completion.Ex: His statement is a serious threat to the cooperative sector and was aimed at finishing off the movement.Ex: Top it off with spicy yacamole and it's worth the nosh.Ex: As President Bush's second term winds down, this is no time for him to be making trouble for his successor.Ex: Obama, who tries to steer clear of the political thicket of race and politics, accepted the apology and said he wanted to close the book on the episode.* estar casi terminado = be nearing completion, reach + near completion.* estar terminándose = be on + Posesivo + last legs, be on the way out.* no terminar nunca de tener problemas con = have + no end of problems with.* para terminar = in closing.* sin terminar = unfinished.* terminar con Algo = be done with it.* terminar con mejor cara = end up on + a high note.* terminar con una nota de optimismo = end + Nombre + on a high (note).* terminar con un broche de oro = end + Nombre + on a high (note).* terminar de forma positiva = end + Nombre + on a high (note).* terminar de + Infinitivo = complete + Gerundio.* terminar de trabajar = clock off + work.* terminar en empate = end in + a draw, result in + a draw.* terminar en un tono + Adjetivo = end on + a + Adjetivo + note.* terminar formando parte de = find + Posesivo + way into/onto.* terminar la jornada laboral = clock off + work.* terminar los estudios = graduate.* terminar mal = come to + a bad end.* terminar mejor de lo que + empezar = end up on + a high note.* terminar repentinamente = come to + a swift end, come to + an abrupt end.* terminarse = draw to + a close, run + short (of), be gone, come to + an end, draw to + an end, be all gone.* terminarse el tiempo = time + run out.* terminarse la (buena) suerte = run out of + luck, luck + run out.* terminar turno de trabajo = come off + duty.* terminar un embarazo = terminate + pregnancy.* * *terminar [A1 ]vt‹trabajo/estudio› to finish¿has terminado el libro que te presté? have you finished the book I lent you?no han terminado las obras they haven't finished o completed the workterminó el viaje en La Paz he ended his journey in La Paz, his journey finished in La Pazterminó sus días en Sicilia he ended his days in Sicilydieron por terminada la sesión they brought the session to a closeeste año no pudimos terminar el programa we didn't manage to get through o finish o complete the syllabus this yeartermina esa sopa inmediatamente finish up that soup at oncepuedes terminarlo, nosotros ya comimos you can finish it off, we've already had some■ terminarviA «persona»1 (de hacer algo) to finishtermina de una vez hurry up and finishterminar DE + INF to finish -INGestoy terminando de leerlo I'm reading the last few pages, I'm coming to the end of it, I've nearly finished reading itdéjame terminar de hablar let me finish (speaking)salió nada más terminar de comer he went out as soon as he'd finished eating2 (en un estado, una situación) to end upterminé muy cansada I ended up feeling very tiredva a terminar mal he's going to come to a bad endterminar DE algo:terminó de camarero en Miami he ended up (working) as a waiter in Miamiterminar + GER or terminar POR + INF to end up -INGterminará aceptando or por aceptar la oferta she'll end up accepting the offer, she'll accept the offer in the endB1 «reunión/situación» to end, come to an endal terminar la clase when the class ended, at the end of the classllegamos cuando todo había terminado we arrived when it was all overel caso terminó en los tribunales the case ended up in courtesto va a terminar mal this is going to turn out o end badlyla historia termina bien the story has a happy endinglas huellas terminan aquí the tracks end o stop herey para terminar nos sirvieron un excelente coñac and to finish we had an excellent brandy2 (rematar) terminar EN algo to end IN sthpalabras que terminan en consonante words that end in a consonantzapatos terminados en punta pointed shoes o shoes with pointed toes1(agotar, acabar): terminaron con todo lo que había en la nevera they polished off everything in the fridgeterminó con su salud it ruined his healthocho años de cárcel terminaron con él eight years in prison destroyed himuna solución que termine con el problema a solution that will put an end to the problem2 (pelearse) terminar CON algn to finish WITH sbha terminado con el novio she's finished with o split up with her boyfriendD (llegar a) terminar DE + INF:no termina de convencerme I'm not totally convincedno terminaba de gustarle she wasn't totally happy about itA «azúcar/pan» to run outel café se ha terminado we've run out of coffee, the coffee's run out(+ me/te/le etc): se me terminó la lana azul I've run out of blue woolse nos han terminado, señora we've run out (of them), madam o we've sold out, madamB «curso/reunión» to come to an end, be overotro año que se termina another year comes to an end o another year is overse terminó la discusión, aquí el que manda soy yo that's the end of the argument, I'm in charge hereC ( enf) ‹libro/comida› to finish, polish off* * *
terminar ( conjugate terminar) verbo transitivo ‹trabajo/estudio› to finish;
‹casa/obras› to finish, complete;
‹discusión/conflicto› to put an end to;
terminar la comida con un café to end the meal with a cup of coffee
verbo intransitivo
1 [ persona]
terminar de hacer algo to finish doing sth;
va a terminar mal he's going to come to a bad end;
terminó marchándose or por marcharse he ended up leaving
2
esto va a terminar mal this is going to turn out o end badlyb) ( rematar) terminar EN algo to end in sth;
c) ( llegar a):
no terminaba de gustarle she wasn't totally happy about it
3
‹con problema/abuso› to put an end to sthb) terminar con algn ( pelearse) to finish with sb;
( matar) to kill sb
terminarse verbo pronominal
1 [azúcar/pan] to run out;
2 [curso/reunión] to come to an end, be over
3 ( enf) ‹libro/comida› to finish, polish off
terminar
I verbo transitivo
1 (una tarea, objeto) to finish: ya terminó el jersey, she has already finished the pullover ➣ Ver nota en finish 2 (de comer, beber, gastar) to finish: te compraré otro cuando termines este frasco, I'll buy you another one when you finish this bottle
II verbo intransitivo
1 (cesar, poner fin) to finish, end: mi trabajo termina a las seis, I finish work at six o'clock
no termina de creérselo, he still can't believe it
(dejar de necesitar, utilizar) ¿has terminado con el ordenador?, have you finished with the computer?
(acabar la vida, carrera, etc) to end up: terminó amargada, she ended up being embittered
2 (eliminar, acabar) este niño terminará con mi paciencia, this boy is trying my patience
tenemos que terminar con esta situación, we have to put an end to this situation
3 (estar rematado) to end: termina en vocal, it ends with a vowel
terminaba en punta, it had a pointed end
' terminar' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
egresar
- emplear
- enterrar
- fijarse
- frenesí
- gastar
- parar
- rematar
- sin
- ventilarse
- zanjar
- acabar
- completar
- concluir
- faltar
- hasta
- medio
- mucho
- para
- pelear
- por
- último
English:
break up
- cease
- charge off
- clock
- close
- complete
- cooperation
- crop up
- drink up
- eat up
- end
- end up
- expire
- finish
- finish off
- finish up
- finish with
- get through
- graduate
- knock off
- leeway
- near
- stop
- time limit
- vain
- wind up
- and
- break
- concentrate
- conclude
- draw
- drink
- eat
- finished
- get
- leave
- nowhere
- round
- see
- undone
- unfinished
- wind
* * *♦ vt[acabar] to finish;termina la cerveza, que nos vamos finish your beer, we're going;terminamos el viaje en San Francisco we ended our journey in San Francisco;está sin terminar it isn't finished;RP Fam¡terminala! that's enough!♦ vi1. [acabar] to end, to finish;[tren, autobús, línea de metro] to stop, to terminate;¿cómo termina la historia? how does the story end o finish?;todo ha terminado it's all over;deja que termine, déjame terminar [al hablar] let me finish;terminar con la pobreza/la corrupción to put an end to poverty/corruption;¿has terminado con las tijeras? have o are you finished with the scissors?;han terminado con toda la leche que quedaba they've finished off o used up all the milk that was left;terminar con algo/alguien [arruinar, destruir] to destroy sth/sb;[matar] to kill sth/sb;terminar de hacer algo to finish doing sth;terminamos de desayunar a las nueve we finished having breakfast at nine;terminar en [objeto] to end in;termina en punta it ends in a point;las sílabas que terminan en vocal syllables that end in a vowel;para terminar, debo agradecer… [en discurso] finally, I would like to thank…3. [en cierto estado o situación] to end up;terminamos de mal humor/un poco deprimidos we ended up in a bad mood/(feeling) rather depressed;terminó loco he ended up going mad;vas a terminar odiando la física you'll end up hating physics;este chico terminará mal this boy will come to a bad end;este asunto terminará mal no good will come of this matter;terminó de camarero/en la cárcel he ended up as a waiter/in jail;la discusión terminó en pelea the argument ended in a fight;terminar por hacer algo to end up doing sth4. [llegar a]no termino de entender lo que quieres decir I still can't quite understand what you mean;no terminábamos de ponernos de acuerdo we couldn't quite seem to come to an agreement;no termina de gustarme I'm not crazy about it* * *I v/t end, finishII v/i1 end, finish;terminar con algo/alguien finish with sth/s.o.;terminar de hacer algo finish doing sth2 ( parar) stop3:terminar por hacer algo end up doing sth* * *terminar vt1) concluir: to end, to conclude2) acabar: to complete, to finish offterminar vi1) : to finish2) : to stop, to end* * *terminar vb1. (en general) to finish2. (al final) to end up -
70 finish
fin·ish [ʼfɪnɪʃ] nclose \finish Kopf-an-Kopf-Rennen nt;to be in at the \finish in der Endrunde seinfrom start to \finish von Anfang bis Ende3) (result, outcome) Ergebnis nt;close \finish pol knappes Ergebnis6) ( final treatment) letzter Schliff;(sealing, varnishing) Finish nt; of fabric Appretur f; of furniture Politur; of coatings letzte Schicht, Überzug mPHRASES:a fight to the \finish ( hard fought throughout) ein Kampf m bis aufs Messer ( fam) ( decisive result) ein Kampf m bis zur Entscheidung vi1) (cease, conclude) enden, aufhören;I'm going to \finish with a new song ich werde mit einem neuen Lied schließen2) ( stop talking) zum Ende kommen;to \finish on an optimistic note mit einer optimistischen Anmerkung schließen;3) ( to come to the end of sth) fertig werden;4) ( come to an end) enden, zu Ende gehen5) ( stop using)to \finish with sth etw nicht mehr brauchen;I'm \finished with politics ich bin mit der Politik fertig ( fam)6) ( conclude dealings with)to \finish with sb mit jdm fertig sein ( fam) ( conclude love relationship) mit jdm Schluss machen vt1) ( bring to end)to \finish sth etw beenden;to \finish a sentence einen Satz zu Ende sprechen;to \finish doing sth mit etw dat fertig sein;have you \finished reading? hast du zu Ende gelesen?;to \finish reading a book ein Buch zu Ende lesen [o fertig lesen] [o auslesen];they \finished the concert with their first hit sie ließen das Konzert mit ihrem ersten Hit ausklingen2) ( complete education)to \finish college/ school das College/die Schule abschließen3) ( bring to completion) etw fertig stellen;( give final treatment) etw dat den letzten Schliff geben4) ( stop)to \finish sth mit etw dat aufhören;I \finish work at 5 p.m. every day ich mache jeden Tag um 5 Uhr Feierabend5) foodto \finish sth ( eat) etw aufessen;( drink) etw austrinken -
71 last
Ⅰ.last1 [lɑ:st](a) (with dates, times of day) dernier;∎ last Monday lundi dernier;∎ last week/year la semaine/l'année dernière;∎ last July en juillet dernier, l'année dernière au mois de juillet;∎ the last train le dernier train;∎ the last guest to arrive le dernier des invités à arriver;∎ the last syllable but one l'avant-dernière syllabe;∎ that was the last time I saw him c'était la dernière fois que je le voyais;∎ that's the last time I do HIM a favour c'est la dernière fois que je lui rends service;∎ it's your last chance c'est votre dernière chance;∎ at the last minute or moment à la dernière minute, au dernier moment;∎ it's our last day here c'est notre dernière journée ici;∎ I'm down to my last cigarette il ne me reste plus qu'une seule cigarette;∎ they were down to their last few bullets il ne leur restait pratiquement plus de munitions;∎ one of the last few survivors un des tout derniers survivants;∎ the last two pages les deux dernières pages;∎ I'll sack every last one of them! je vais tous les virer!;∎ every last scrap of bread had been eaten on avait mangé jusqu'à la dernière miette;∎ she used up every last ounce of energy elle a utilisé tout ce qui lui restait d'énergie;∎ to the last detail dans les moindres détails;∎ American the movie was her last hurrah c'est avec ce film qu'elle a fait ses adieux au cinéma;∎ the concert was her last hurrah c'est avec ce concert qu'elle a fait ses adieux au public;∎ they were prepared to fight to the last man ils étaient prêts à se battre jusqu'au dernier;∎ she was on her last legs elle était au bout du rouleau;∎ your car is on its last legs votre voiture ne va pas tarder à vous lâcher;∎ the regime is on its last legs le régime vit ses derniers jours ou est au bord de l'effondrement;∎ I'll get my money back if it's the last thing I do je récupérerai mon argent coûte que coûte;∎ I always clean my teeth last thing at night je me brosse toujours les dents juste avant de me coucher;∎ we finished the work last thing on Tuesday afternoon on a terminé le travail juste avant de partir mardi après-midi(c) (most recent) dernier;∎ you said that last time c'est ce que tu as dit la dernière fois;∎ this time last year we were in New York l'année dernière à cette époque nous étions à New York;∎ I've been here for the last five years je suis ici depuis cinq ans, cela fait cinq ans que je suis ici;∎ I haven't been to church for the last few weeks je ne suis pas allé à l'église ces dernières semaines;∎ I didn't like her last film je n'ai pas aimé son dernier film∎ he's the last person I expected to see c'est bien la dernière personne que je m'attendais à voir;∎ he's the last person I'd ask to help me c'est (bien) la dernière personne à qui je demanderais de l'aide;∎ that's the last thing that's worrying me ça c'est le cadet de mes soucis;∎ that's the last place I'd have looked c'est bien le dernier endroit où j'aurais cherché;∎ that's the last thing I wanted je n'avais vraiment pas besoin de ça;∎ you're the last one to criticize tu es vraiment mal placé pour critiquer2 adverb∎ she arrived last elle est arrivée la dernière ou en dernier;∎ she came or finished last (in race) elle est arrivée dernière;∎ and last but not least… et en dernier, mais non par ordre d'importance,…;∎ last but not least on the list we have M. Livingstone et enfin sur la liste, je ne voudrais pas oublier M. Livingstone∎ when did you last see him? quand l'avez-vous vu la dernière fois?;∎ they last came to see us in 1989 leur dernière visite remonte à 1989;∎ I can't remember when I last ate je ne sais plus quand j'ai pris mon dernier repas;∎ last, I would like to say… et pour finir, je voudrais dire…3 noun(a) (final one) dernier(ère) m,f;∎ am I the last? (to arrive) suis-je le dernier?;∎ the last in the class le dernier de la classe;∎ she was the last to arrive elle est arrivée la dernière;∎ the last of the Romanovs le dernier des Romanov;∎ the next to last, the last but one l'avant-dernier;∎ Bible the last shall be first les derniers seront les premiers∎ each more handsome than the last tous plus beaux les uns que les autres;∎ the day before last avant-hier;∎ the winter before last l'hiver d'il y a deux ans;∎ the Prime Minister before last l'avant-dernier Premier ministre∎ that was the last I saw of her c'est la dernière fois que je l'ai vue, je ne l'ai pas revue depuis;∎ I hope that's the last we see of them j'espère qu'on ne les reverra plus;∎ I'll never see the last of this! je n'en verrai jamais la fin!, je n'en viendrai jamais à bout!;∎ I think we've heard the last of him je pense qu'on n'en entendra plus parler;∎ we'll never hear the last of it on n'a pas fini d'en entendre parler;∎ you haven't heard the last of this! (as threat) vous aurez de mes nouvelles!;∎ leave the pans till last gardez les casseroles pour la fin, lavez les casseroles en dernier;∎ literary to look one's last on sth voir qch pour la dernière fois;∎ literary to breathe one's last rendre le dernier soupir;(d) (remainder) reste m;∎ we drank the last of the wine on a bu ce qui restait de vinenfin;∎ free at last enfin libre;∎ at long last enfin;∎ now at last I understand enfin, je comprends;∎ at long last she's found a job she enjoys elle a enfin trouvé un emploi qui lui plaît;∎ at last! where on earth have you been? (te voilà) enfin! mais où étais-tu donc?;∎ at last he said: "do you forgive me?" enfin il demanda: "tu me pardonnes?"∎ formal at the last the judges came out in her favour à la dernière minute, les juges ont décidé en sa faveur;∎ she was there at the last elle est restée jusqu'au boutjusqu'au bout;∎ faithful to the last fidèle jusqu'au bout;∎ she insisted to the last that she was not guilty elle a dit jusqu'au bout qu'elle n'était pas coupable►► American last call = dans un bar, moment où le barman annonce que l'heure de la fermeture approche et qu'il s'apprête à servir les dernières consommations;the Last Frontier = surnom donné à l'Alaska;the Last Judgment le Jugement dernier;last name nom m de famille;Telecommunications last number redial touche f bis;British last orders = dans un pub, moment où le barman annonce que l'heure de la fermeture approche et qu'il s'apprête à servir les dernières consommations;∎ to sound the last post (over the grave) jouer la sonnerie aux morts;last rites derniers sacrements mpl;the Last Supper la (sainte) Cène;Stock Exchange last trading day dernier jour m de cotation;∎ the Treasury has the last word on defence spending le ministère des Finances a le dernier mot en matière de dépenses militaires;∎ she was wearing the very last word in hats elle portait un chapeau du dernier criⅡ.last2 [lɑ:st]∎ it's too good to last c'est trop beau pour durer;∎ if the good weather lasts si le beau temps se maintient;∎ it lasted (for) ten days cela a duré dix jours;∎ how long did the film last? combien de temps le film a-t-il duré?, quelle était la durée du film?;∎ how long can we last without water? combien de temps tiendrons-nous sans eau?;∎ the supplies will not last two months les vivres ne feront pas deux mois;∎ he didn't last more than a year as a singer il n'a pas tenu plus d'un an dans la chanson;∎ their romance didn't last (for) long leur idylle n'a pas duré longtemps;∎ he won't last long (in job) il ne tiendra pas longtemps; (will soon die) il n'en a plus pour longtemps;∎ the batteries didn't last (for) long les piles n'ont pas duré longtemps;∎ familiar cakes never last long in this house (they get eaten quickly) les gâteaux ne durent jamais très longtemps dans cette maison;∎ built/made to last construit/fait pour durer∎ we've got enough food to last another week nous avons assez à manger pour une semaine encore(c) (keep fresh → food) se conserver;∎ these flowers don't last (long) ces fleurs ne tiennent ou ne durent pas (longtemps)∎ his money didn't last him to the end of the holiday il n'a pas eu assez d'argent pour tenir jusqu'à la fin des vacances;∎ have we got enough to last us until tomorrow? en avons-nous assez pour tenir ou aller jusqu'à demain?;∎ my camera's lasted me ten years mon appareil photo a duré dix ans;∎ that fountain pen will last you a lifetime vous pourrez garder ce stylo à plume toute votre vie;∎ it has lasted him well ça lui a fait de l'usage;∎ she couldn't last the pace elle n'a pas pu tenir le rythme➲ last out∎ I'm not sure I'll last out at this job je ne sais pas si je pourrai faire ce travail longtemps;∎ how long will he last out? combien de temps peut-il tenir?(b) (be enough) suffire;∎ will our supplies last out till the end of the month? les provisions suffiront-elles jusqu'à la fin du mois?∎ he didn't last the night out il n'a pas passé la nuit, il est mort pendant la nuit;∎ will the play last out the month? est-ce que la pièce tiendra le mois?;∎ to last the year out (person) survivre jusqu'à la fin de l'année; (supplies) suffire pour l'année;∎ my overcoat will last the winter out mon pardessus fera encore l'hiver;∎ I don't know if I'll be able to last out the afternoon without any coffee je ne sais pas si j'arriverai à tenir tout l'après-midi sans caféⅢ.last3(for shoes) forme f -
72 give up
1) (to stop, abandon: I must give up smoking; They gave up the search.) dejar de, abandonar; rendirse2) (to stop using etc: You'll have to give up cigarettes; I won't give up all my hobbies for you.) renunciar a, desistir3) (to hand over (eg oneself or something that one has) to someone else.) ceder, renunciar a, sacrificar4) (to devote (time etc) to doing something: He gave up all his time to gardening.) sacrificar, consagrar, dedicar5) ((often with as or for) to consider (a person, thing etc) to be: You took so long to arrive that we had almost given you up (for lost).) dar porgive up vb dejar / abandonargive up vt: dejar, renunciar a, abandonarto give up smoking: dejar de fumarexpr.• darse por vencido, -a expr.v.• darse por vencido v.• dejar v.• desasir v.• desposeer v.• entregar v.• rendirse v.• renunciar v.1) v + o + adv, v + adv + oa) (renounce, cease from) \<\<alcohol\>\> dejar; \<\<pleasures/title\>\> renunciar a; \<\<job/project\>\> dejar, renunciar a; \<\<principle/fight\>\> abandonarto give up hope — perder* las esperanzas
to give up -ing — dejar de + inf
b) (relinquish, hand over) \<\<territory/position\>\> ceder, renunciar a; \<\<ticket/keys\>\> entregar*to give up one's seat to o for somebody — cederle or darle* el asiento a alguien
2) ( surrender)to give oneself up — entregarse*
3) (devote, sacrifice) \<\<time\>\> dedicar*4) v + adva) (cease fighting, trying) rendirse*the campaign is in its sixth week, you can't give up now! — estamos en la sexta semana de la campaña no vas a abandonar la lucha ahora!
all right, I give up — ( in guessing games etc) está bien, me rindo or me doy por vencido
to give up on somebody: I've given up on them, they're hopeless — yo con ellos no insisto más or no pierdo más tiempo, son un caso perdido
b) ( stop doing something) dejar5) v + o + adv ( abandon hope for)to give somebody up for lost — dar* a alguien por desaparecido
1. VT + ADV1) (=yield up) [+ seat, place] ceder; [+ authority] ceder, traspasarto give o.s. up to the police — entregarse a la policía
to give o.s. up to — [+ vice] entregarse a, darse a
2) (=hand over) [+ ticket] entregar3) (=renounce) [+ habit] dejar; [+ job, post] renunciar a, dejar; [+ friend] dejar de ver; [+ boyfriend] dejar, romper con; [+ beliefs, idea] abandonarI've given up trying to persuade her — he dejado de intentar persuadirla or convencerla
4) (=devote) [+ one's life, time] dedicar (to a)they gave up their lives for their country — entregaron or sacrificaron sus vidas por la patria
6) (=abandon hope for) [+ patient] desahuciar2.VI + ADV (=stop trying) rendirseI give up! — (trying to guess) ¡me rindo!, ¡me doy por vencido!
don't give up yet! — ¡no te rindas todavía!
* * *1) v + o + adv, v + adv + oa) (renounce, cease from) \<\<alcohol\>\> dejar; \<\<pleasures/title\>\> renunciar a; \<\<job/project\>\> dejar, renunciar a; \<\<principle/fight\>\> abandonarto give up hope — perder* las esperanzas
to give up -ing — dejar de + inf
b) (relinquish, hand over) \<\<territory/position\>\> ceder, renunciar a; \<\<ticket/keys\>\> entregar*to give up one's seat to o for somebody — cederle or darle* el asiento a alguien
2) ( surrender)to give oneself up — entregarse*
3) (devote, sacrifice) \<\<time\>\> dedicar*4) v + adva) (cease fighting, trying) rendirse*the campaign is in its sixth week, you can't give up now! — estamos en la sexta semana de la campaña no vas a abandonar la lucha ahora!
all right, I give up — ( in guessing games etc) está bien, me rindo or me doy por vencido
to give up on somebody: I've given up on them, they're hopeless — yo con ellos no insisto más or no pierdo más tiempo, son un caso perdido
b) ( stop doing something) dejar5) v + o + adv ( abandon hope for)to give somebody up for lost — dar* a alguien por desaparecido
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73 hard
1. adjective1) (firm; solid; not easy to break, scratch etc: The ground is too hard to dig.) duro; sólido2) (not easy to do, learn, solve etc: Is English a hard language to learn?; He is a hard man to please.) difícil3) (not feeling or showing kindness: a hard master.) severo; rudo; seco4) ((of weather) severe: a hard winter.) duro, severo, riguroso5) (having or causing suffering: a hard life; hard times.) duro, difícil6) ((of water) containing many chemical salts and so not easily forming bubbles when soap is added: The water is hard in this part of the country.) dura
2. adverb1) (with great effort: He works very hard; Think hard.) duro, con ahínco2) (with great force; heavily: Don't hit him too hard; It was raining hard.) fuerte, fuertemente3) (with great attention: He stared hard at the man.) fijamente4) (to the full extent; completely: The car turned hard right.) completamente, totalmente•- harden- hardness
- hardship
- hard-and-fast
- hard-back
- hard-boiled
- harddisk
- hard-earned
- hard-headed
- hard-hearted
- hardware
- hard-wearing
- be hard on
- hard at it
- hard done by
- hard lines/luck
- hard of hearing
- a hard time of it
- a hard time
- hard up
hard1 adj1. duro2. difícilhard2 adv1. mucho2. duro / fuertehit him hard! ¡pégale duro!tr[hɑːd]2 (difficult) difícil3 (harsh) severo,-a4 (work) arduo,-a, penoso,-a, agotador,-ra5 figurative use cruel, rudo,-a6 (fight, match) reñido,-a, disputado,-a; (decision) injusto,-a8 (final decision) definitivo,-a, irrevocable; (person) severo,-a, inflexible9 SMALLLINGUISTICS/SMALL fuerte1 (forcibly) fuerte; (diligently) mucho, de firme, concienzudamente, con ahínco\SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALLhard of hearing duro,-a de oídoto be hard done by sentirse mal tratado,-a, ser tratado,-a injustamenteto be hard hit by figurative use quedar muy afectado,-a porto be hard on somebody figurative use tratar a alguien con severidad, tratar a alguien con durezato be hard on somebody's heels figurative use pisar los talones a alguiento be hard pushed to do something figurative use verse apurado,-a para realizar algoto be hard up familiar estar sin blancato drive a hard bargain figurative use negociar con durezato have a hard time familiar pasarlo canutas, pasarlo malto take something very hard tomar algo muy a pecho, encajar algo muy malto work hard trabajar muchohard drinker bebedor,-ra empedernido,-ahard evidence pruebas nombre femenino plural definitivashard labour trabajos nombre masculino plural forzadoshard luck mala suertehard ['hɑrd] adv1) forcefully: fuerte, con fuerzathe wind blew hard: el viento sopló fuerte2) strenuously: duro, muchoto work hard: trabajar duro3)to take something hard : tomarse algo muy mal, estar muy afectado por algohard adj1) firm, solid: duro, firme, sólido2) difficult: difícil, arduo3) severe: severo, duroa hard winter: un invierno severo4) unfeeling: insensible, duro5) diligent: diligenteto be a hard worker: ser muy trabajador6)hard liquor : bebidas fpl fuertes7)hard water : agua f duraadj.• arduo, -a adj.• calloso, -a adj.• dificultoso, -a adj.• difícil adj.• duro, -a adj.• endurecido, -a adj.• firme adj.• fuerte adj.• laborioso, -a adj.• peliagudo, -a adj.• recio, -a adj.• rudo, -a adj.• sólido, -a adj.• terco, -a adj.• tieso, -a adj.adv.• apretadamente adv.• difícilmente adv.• duro adv.• mucho adv.• recio adv.• tieso adv.
I hɑːrd, hɑːdadjective -er, -est1)a) (firm, solid) <object/surface> duroto set hard — endurecerse*
to freeze hard — helarse*
b) ( forceful) <push/knock> fuerte2)he's hard to please — es difícil de complacer, es exigente
b) ( severe) <winter/climate/master> duro, severoto give somebody a hard time — hacérselas* pasar mal a alguien
c) (tough, cynical) <person/attitude> duro, insensible3) (concentrated, strenuous)to take a long hard look at something — analizar* seriamente algo
5) (sharp, harsh) <light/voice> fuerte; < expression> duro6)a) ( in strongest forms)hard drugs — drogas fpl duras
hard liquor — bebidas fpl (alcohólicas) fuertes
b) ( Fin)hard currency — divisa f or moneda f fuerte
c) < water> durod) ( Ling) <sound/consonant> fuerte
II
adverb -er, -est1)a) ( with force) <pull/push> con fuerza; < hit> fuerteb) ( strenuously) < work> mucho, duro, duramenteto be hard put o (BrE also) pushed to + inf: you'd be hard put (to it) to find a better doctor — sería difícil encontrar un médico mejor
2) ( heavily) <rain/snow> fuerte, mucho; <pant/breathe> pesadamente3) ( severely)[hɑːd]to be/feel hard done by: she thinks she has been o she feels hard done by — piensa que la han tratado injustamente
1. ADJ(compar harder) (superl hardest)1) (=not soft) [object, substance, cheese, skin] duro; [ground, snow] duro, compacto•
to become or go hard — ponerse duro, endurecerse•
the water is very hard here — aquí el agua es muy dura or tiene mucha cal- be as hard as nails- as hard as a rocknut2) (=harsh, severe) [climate, winter, person] duro, severo; [frost] fuerte; [words, tone] duro, áspero; [expression, eyes, voice] serio, duro; [drink, liquor] fuerte; [drugs] duro; [fact] concreto; [evidence] irrefutable•
a hard blow — (fig) un duro golpe•
to take a long hard look at sth — examinar algo detenidamente•
to be hard on sb — ser muy duro con algn, darle duro a algn (LAm)don't be so hard on him, it's not his fault — no seas tan duro con él, no es culpa suya
aren't you being a bit hard on yourself? — ¿no estás siendo un poco duro contigo mismo?
- be as hard as nailsfeeling3) (=strenuous, tough) [work, day] duro; [fight, match] muy reñidophew, that was hard work! — ¡uf!, ¡ha costado lo suyo!
coping with three babies is very hard work — tres bebés dan mucha tarea or mucho trabajo, arreglárselas con tres bebés es una dura or ardua tarea
it's hard work getting her to talk about herself — cuesta mucho or resulta muy trabajoso hacerla hablar sobre sí misma
4) (=difficult) [exam, decision, choice] difícilto be hard to do: it's hard to study on your own — es difícil estudiar por tu cuenta
I find it hard to believe that... — me cuesta (trabajo) creer que...
bargain, play 3., 4)to be hard to please — ser muy exigente or quisquilloso
5) (=tough, unpleasant) [life, times] duroit's a hard life! — ¡qué vida más dura!
those were hard times to live in — aquellos eran tiempos duros, la vida era dura en aquellos tiempos
- take a hard line against/over sthgoing, hard-line, hard-linerhard lines! — ¡qué mala suerte!, ¡qué mala pata! *
6) (=forceful) [push, tug, kick] fuerte7) (Phon, Ling) [sound] fuerte; [consonant] oclusivo2. ADV(compar harder) (superl hardest)1) (=with a lot of effort) [work] duro, mucho; [study] muchohe had worked hard all his life — había trabajado duro or mucho toda su vida
he works very hard — trabaja muy duro, trabaja mucho
he was hard at work in the garden — estaba trabajando afanosamente or con ahínco en el jardín
•
he was breathing hard — respiraba con dificultad•
we're saving hard for our holidays — estamos ahorrando todo lo que podemos para las vacaciones, estamos ahorrando al máximo para las vacaciones•
to try hard, she always tries hard — siempre se esfuerza muchoI can't do it, no matter how hard I try — no puedo hacerlo, por mucho que lo intente
to be hard at it —
Bill was hard at it in the garden * — Bill se estaba empleando a fondo en el jardín, Bill estaba dándole duro al jardín *
2) (=with force) [hit] fuerte, duro; [pull, push, blow] con fuerza; [snow, rain] fuerte, mucho•
the government decided to clamp down hard on terrorism — el gobierno decidió tomar medidas duras contra el terrorismo•
she was feeling hard done by — pensaba que la habían tratado injustamenteto hit sb hard — (fig) ser un duro golpe para algn
California has been (particularly) hard hit by the crisis — California (en particular) se ha visto seriamente afectada por la crisis
•
I would be hard pushed or put to think of another plan — me resultaría difícil pensar en otro planwe'll be hard pushed or put to finish this tonight! — ¡nos va a ser difícil terminar esto esta noche!
•
to take sth hard — tomarse algo muy mal *he took it pretty hard — se lo tomó muy mal, fue un duro golpe para él, le golpeó mucho (LAm)
•
to be hard up * — estar pelado *, no tener un duro (Sp) *hard-pressedto be hard up for sth — estar falto or escaso de algo
3) (=solid)•
to freeze hard — quedarse congelado4) (=intently) [listen] atentamente; [concentrate] al máximo•
to look hard (at sth) — fijarse mucho (en algo)•
think hard before you make a decision — piénsalo muy bien antes de tomar una decisiónI thought hard but I couldn't remember his name — por más que pensé or por más vueltas que le di no pude recordar su nombre
5) (=sharply)6) (=closely)•
hard behind sth — justo detrás de algoI hurried upstairs with my sister hard behind me — subí las escaleras corriendo con mi hermana que venía justo detrás
heelthe launch of the book followed hard upon the success of the film — el lanzamiento del libro se produjo justo después del éxito de la película
3.CPDhard centre, hard center (US) N — relleno m duro
hard cider (US) N — sidra f
hard copy N — (Comput) copia f impresa
hard-corethe hard core N — (=intransigents) los incondicionales, el núcleo duro
hard court N — (Tennis) cancha f (de tenis) de cemento, pista f (de tenis) de cemento
hard currency N — moneda f fuerte, divisa f fuerte
hard disk N — (Comput) disco m duro
hard goods NPL — productos mpl no perecederos
hard hat N — (=riding hat) gorra f de montar; [of construction worker] casco m; (=construction worker) albañil mf
hard landing N — aterrizaje m duro
the hard left N — (esp Brit) la extrema izquierda, la izquierda radical
hard luck N — mala suerte f
•
to be hard luck on sb, it was hard luck on him — tuvo mala suertehard luck! — ¡(qué) mala suerte!
hard palate N — paladar m
the hard right N — (esp Brit) la extrema derecha, la derecha radical
hard rock N — (Mus) rock m duro
hard sell tactics — táctica fsing de venta agresiva
hard sell techniques — técnicas fpl de venta agresiva
hard shoulder N — (Brit) (Aut) arcén m, hombrillo m
hard stuff * N — (=alcohol) alcohol m duro, bebidas fpl fuertes; (=drugs) droga f dura
hard top N — (=car) coche m no descapotable; (=car roof) techo m rígido
hard water N — agua f dura, agua f con mucha cal
* * *
I [hɑːrd, hɑːd]adjective -er, -est1)a) (firm, solid) <object/surface> duroto set hard — endurecerse*
to freeze hard — helarse*
b) ( forceful) <push/knock> fuerte2)he's hard to please — es difícil de complacer, es exigente
b) ( severe) <winter/climate/master> duro, severoto give somebody a hard time — hacérselas* pasar mal a alguien
c) (tough, cynical) <person/attitude> duro, insensible3) (concentrated, strenuous)to take a long hard look at something — analizar* seriamente algo
5) (sharp, harsh) <light/voice> fuerte; < expression> duro6)a) ( in strongest forms)hard drugs — drogas fpl duras
hard liquor — bebidas fpl (alcohólicas) fuertes
b) ( Fin)hard currency — divisa f or moneda f fuerte
c) < water> durod) ( Ling) <sound/consonant> fuerte
II
adverb -er, -est1)a) ( with force) <pull/push> con fuerza; < hit> fuerteb) ( strenuously) < work> mucho, duro, duramenteto be hard put o (BrE also) pushed to + inf: you'd be hard put (to it) to find a better doctor — sería difícil encontrar un médico mejor
2) ( heavily) <rain/snow> fuerte, mucho; <pant/breathe> pesadamente3) ( severely)to be/feel hard done by: she thinks she has been o she feels hard done by — piensa que la han tratado injustamente
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74 involve
in'volv1) (to require; to bring as a result: His job involves a lot of travelling.) suponer, implicar2) ((often with in or with) to cause to take part in or to be mixed up in: He has always been involved in/with the theatre; Don't ask my advice - I don't want to be/get involved.) implicar, envolver•- involved- involvement
involve vb1. implicar / enredarI don't mind what you do, as long as you don't involve me no me importa lo que hagas, mientras no me impliques a mí2. suponer / implicartr[ɪn'vɒlv]1 (entail) suponer, implicar, conllevar; (give rise to) acarrear, ocasionar■ what does the job involve? ¿en qué consiste el trabajo?■ this course involves studying abroad esta carrera comprende un período de estudio en el extranjero2 (include, affect, concern) tener que ver con, afectar a■ a police operation involving officers from different countries una operación policial que incluía a oficiales de diferentes países3 (implicar) implicar, involucrar, meter\SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALLto involve oneself in something tomar parte en algo1) engage: ocuparworkers involved in construction: trabajadores ocupados con la construcción2) implicate: involucrar, enredar, implicarto be involved in a crime: estar involucrado en un crimen3) concern: concernir, afectar4) connect: conectar, relacionar5) entail, include: suponer, incluir, consistir enwhat does the job involve?: ¿en qué consiste el trabajo?6)to be involved with someone : tener una relación (amorosa) con alguienv.• complicar v.• comprometer v.• concernir v.• encubrir v.• enredar v.• entrañar v.• envolver v.• enzarzar v.• implicar v.• importar v.• interesar v.• involucrar v.• liar v.ɪn'vɑːlv, ɪn'vɒlv1)a) (entail, comprise) suponer*what exactly does your work involve? — ¿en qué consiste exactamente tu trabajo?
b) (affect, concern)where national security is involved... — cuando se trata de la seguridad nacional...
2)to involve somebody IN something/-ING — ( implicate) implicar* or involucrar a alguien en algo; ( allow to participate) darle* participación a alguien en algo
he doesn't involve himself in the day-to-day running of the business — no toma parte en la gestión diaria del negocio
3) involved past pa)to be/get involved IN something — (implicated, associated)
whenever there's an argument, he has to get involved — siempre que hay una pelea, él tiene que meterse
several high-ranking officials were involved in the affair — había varios oficiales de alto rango implicados en el asunto
to be/get involved WITH somebody/something: the people you're involved with la gente con la que andas metido or mezclado; how did you get involved with people like them? — ¿cómo te mezclaste con gente de esa calaña?
b)to be involved IN something — ( engrossed) estar* absorto or enfrascado en algo; ( busy) estar* ocupado con algo
to be/get involved WITH somebody/something — estar* dedicado/dedicarse* a alguien/algo
c) ( emotionally)to be/get involved WITH somebody: she doesn't want to get too involved with him — no quiere llegar a una relación muy seria con él
[ɪn'vɒlv]VT1) (=implicate, associate) implicar, involucrara dispute involving a friend of mine — una disputa en la que estaba implicado or involucrado un amigo mío
we would prefer not to involve the children — preferiríamos no meter or involucrar a los niños
they are trying to involve him in the theft — están intentando implicarlo or involucrarlo en el robo
try to involve him in your leisure activities — intenta hacer que participe contigo en tus actividades de tiempo libre
the persons involved — (gen) los interesados; (=culprits) los implicados
•
to be involved (in sth), how did he come to be involved? — ¿cómo llegó a meterse en esto?he/his car was involved in an accident — él/su coche se vio involucrado en un accidente
she was only involved in the final stages of the project — solo tomó parte en las fases finales del proyecto
I was so involved in my book that... — estaba tan absorto en el libro que...
•
to become or get involved (in sth), the police became involved — la policía tomó cartas en el asunto•
to be/become/get involved with sth/sb, she's so involved with the project she doesn't have time for me — está tan liada * con el proyecto que no tiene tiempo para mí, el proyecto la absorbe tanto que no tiene tiempo para míshe likes him but she doesn't want to get involved — él le gusta, pero no quiere comprometerse
2) (=entail, imply) suponerit involved a lot of expense — supuso or acarreó muchos gastos
there's a good deal of work involved — supone or implica bastante trabajo
what does your job involve? — ¿en qué consiste su trabajo?
how much money is involved? — ¿cuánto dinero hay en juego?
* * *[ɪn'vɑːlv, ɪn'vɒlv]1)a) (entail, comprise) suponer*what exactly does your work involve? — ¿en qué consiste exactamente tu trabajo?
b) (affect, concern)where national security is involved... — cuando se trata de la seguridad nacional...
2)to involve somebody IN something/-ING — ( implicate) implicar* or involucrar a alguien en algo; ( allow to participate) darle* participación a alguien en algo
he doesn't involve himself in the day-to-day running of the business — no toma parte en la gestión diaria del negocio
3) involved past pa)to be/get involved IN something — (implicated, associated)
whenever there's an argument, he has to get involved — siempre que hay una pelea, él tiene que meterse
several high-ranking officials were involved in the affair — había varios oficiales de alto rango implicados en el asunto
to be/get involved WITH somebody/something: the people you're involved with la gente con la que andas metido or mezclado; how did you get involved with people like them? — ¿cómo te mezclaste con gente de esa calaña?
b)to be involved IN something — ( engrossed) estar* absorto or enfrascado en algo; ( busy) estar* ocupado con algo
to be/get involved WITH somebody/something — estar* dedicado/dedicarse* a alguien/algo
c) ( emotionally)to be/get involved WITH somebody: she doesn't want to get too involved with him — no quiere llegar a una relación muy seria con él
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75 führen
I v/t1. lead (nach, zu to); (geleiten) auch take, escort; zu einem Platz: auch usher; (jemandem den Weg zeigen) lead, guide; (zwangsweise) escort; an oder bei der Hand führen take s.o. by the hand; an der Leine / am Zügel führen walk on the lead / lead by the reins; Besucher in ein Zimmer führen show ( oder lead oder usher) into a room; jemanden durch die Firma / Wohnung führen show s.o. (a)round the firm (Am. company) / the apartment (Brit. auch flat); die Polizei auf jemandes Spur führen fig. put the police on s.o.’s track; was führt dich zu mir? fig. what brings you here?; meine Reise führte mich nach Spanien fig. my trip took me to Spain; Versuchung2. (irgendwohin gelangen lassen): jemandem die Hand führen guide s.o.’s hand (auch fig.); zum Mund führen raise to one’s lips; ein Kabel durch ein Rohr führen pass a cable through a pipe; eine Straße um einen Ort führen take a road (a)round a place, bypass a place3. (handhaben) handle, wield; sie führt den Ball sicher Basketball etc.: she’s got good ball control5. bei oder mit sich führen have on one, carry; (Fracht, Ladung etc.) carry; Erz führen bear ( oder contain) ore; Strom führen ETECH. be live; (leiten) conduct current; der Fluss führt Sand ( mit sich) the river carries sand with it; Hochwasser6. (anführen) lead, head; (Leitung haben) be in charge of; MIL. auch command; (Geschäft, Haushalt etc.) manage, run; (lenkend beeinflussen) guide; eine Armee in den Kampf / zum Sieg führen lead an army into battle / to victory; in den Ruin führen (Firma etc.) lead to ruin; eine Klasse zum Abitur führen take a class through to the Abitur exam; er führt seine Mitarbeiter mit fester Hand he manages his colleagues with a firm hand; Aufsicht, geführt, Kommando, Vorsitz etc.7. (Gespräch, Verhandlung etc.) carry on, have; (Telefongespräch) make; (Prozess) conduct; (Buch, Liste, Protokoll etc.) keep; (Konto) manage; ein geruhsames etc. Leben führen lead ( oder live) a peaceful etc. life; sie führen eine gute Ehe they’re happily married, they have a good (husband-and-wife) relationship; etw. zu Ende führen finish s.th.; Beweis, Krieg, Regie etc.8. (Namen) bear, go by ( oder under) the name of; (Nummer, Wappen) have; (Flagge) carry, fly; (Titel) Person: hold; Buch etc.: have; den Titel... führen Buch: auch be entitled...9. (Ware) auf Lager: stock; zum Verkauf: auch sell, have; führen Sie Campingartikel? do you have ( oder sell oder stock) camping gear?; auf oder in einer Liste führen list, make a list of; ( auf oder in einer Liste) geführt werden appear on a list, be listed; als vermisst geführt werden be posted as missing10. (Reden, Sprache) use; ständig im Munde führen be constantly talking about; (Wendung) be constantly using11. fig. Feld, Schild2 1 etc.II v/i1. lead (nach, zu to); Tal, Tür etc.: auch open (into); unser Weg führte durch einen Wald / über eine Brücke our route led ( oder passed) through a wood / over a bridge2. beim Tanzen: lead, steer3. SPORT: führen über (+ Akk) (dauern) last; der Kampf führt über zehn Runden the fight is over ten rounds4. (führend sein) lead; SPORT auch be in the lead; mit zwei Toren führen be two goals ahead, have a two-goal lead; mit 3:1 führen be 3-1 up; mit 3:1 gegen X führen lead X by 3-15. fig.: durch das Programm / den Abend führt X your guide ( oder presenter) for the program(me) / evening is X; führen zu lead to, end in; (zur Folge haben) result in; das führt zu nichts that won’t get you ( oder us etc.) anywhere; das führt zu keinem Ergebnis that won’t produce a result; das führt zu weit that’s ( oder that would be) going too far; wohin soll das noch führen? where will all this lead ( oder end up)?* * *(befördern) to carry;(herumführen) to guide;(im Sortiment haben) to carry;(leiten) to lead; to shepherd; to conduct;(lenken) to drive; to pilot; to steer* * *füh|ren ['fyːrən]1. vt1) (= geleiten) to take; (= vorangehen, - fahren) to leadeine alte Dame über die Straße fǘhren — to help an old lady over the road
er führte uns durch das Schloss — he showed us (a)round the castle
er führte uns durch Italien — he was our guide in Italy
eine Klasse zum Abitur fǘhren — ≈ to see a class through to A-levels (Brit) or to their high school diploma (US)
jdn zum (Trau)altar fǘhren — to lead sb to the altar
2) (= leiten) Geschäft, Betrieb etc to run; Gruppe, Expedition etc to lead, to head; Schiff to captain; Armee etc to command3) (= in eine Situation bringen) to get (inf), to lead; (= veranlassen zu kommen/gehen) to bring/takeder Hinweis führte die Polizei auf die Spur des Diebes — that tip put the police on the trail of the thief
das führt uns auf das Thema... — that brings or leads us (on)to the subject...
ein Land ins Chaos fǘhren — to reduce a country to chaos
4) (= registriert haben) to have a record ofwir fǘhren keinen Meier in unserer Kartei — we have no( record of a) Meier on our files
5) (= handhaben) Pinsel, Bogen, Kamera etc to wieldden Löffel zum Mund/das Glas an die Lippen fǘhren —
die Hand an die Mütze fǘhren — to touch one's cap
6) (= entlangführen) Leitung, Draht to carry7) (form = steuern) Kraftfahrzeug to drive; Flugzeug to fly, to pilot; Kran, Fahrstuhl to operate; Schiff to sail8) (= transportieren) to carry; (= haben) Autokennzeichen, Wappen, Namen to have, to bear; Titel to have; (= selbst gebrauchen) to useGeld/seine Papiere bei sich fǘhren (form) — to carry money/one's papers on one's person
etw ständig im Munde fǘhren — to be always talking about sth
2. vi1) (= in Führung liegen) to lead; (bei Wettkämpfen) to be in the lead, to leaddie Mannschaft führt mit 10 Punkten Vorsprung — the team has a lead of 10 points, the team is in the lead or is leading by 10 points
die Firma XY führt in Videorekordern — XY is the leading firm for video recorders
das Rennen führt über 10 Runden/durch ganz Frankreich — the race takes place over 10 laps/covers France
die Straße führt nach Kiel/am Rhein entlang — the road goes to Kiel/runs or goes along the Rhine
die Brücke führt über die Elbe — the bridge crosses or spans the Elbe
3)(= als Ergebnis haben)
zu etw fǘhren — to lead to sth, to result in sthdas führt zu nichts — that will come to nothing
es führte zu dem Ergebnis, dass er entlassen wurde — it resulted in or led to his being dismissed
das führt dazu, dass noch mehr Stellen abgebaut werden — it'll lead to or end in further staff reductions or job cuts
wohin soll das alles nur fǘhren? — where is it all leading (us)?
3. vrform = sich benehmen) to conduct oneself, to deport oneself (form)* * *1) (to turn or fork: The road bears left here.) bear2) (to lead or guide: We were conducted down a narrow path by the guide; He conducted the tour.) conduct3) (to lead to: Where does this road go?) go4) (to lead, direct or show the way: I don't know how to get to your house - I'll need someone to guide me; Your comments guided me in my final choice.) guide5) (to make entries in (a diary, accounts etc): She keeps a diary to remind her of her appointments; He kept the accounts for the club.) keep6) (to guide or direct or cause to go in a certain direction: Follow my car and I'll lead you to the motorway; She took the child by the hand and led him across the road; He was leading the horse into the stable; The sound of hammering led us to the garage; You led us to believe that we would be paid!) lead7) (to go or carry to a particular place or along a particular course: A small path leads through the woods.) lead8) ((with to) to cause or bring about a certain situation or state of affairs: The heavy rain led to serious floods.) lead10) (to keep a supply of for sale: Does this shop stock writing-paper?) stock11) ((often with around, in, out etc) to guide or lead carefully: He shepherded me through a maze of corridors.) shepherd12) (to lead, escort: The waiter ushered him to a table.) usher13) (to carry on or engage in (especially a war): The North waged war on/against the South.) wage* * *füh·ren[ˈfy:rən]I. vtjdn in einen Raum \führen to lead [or usher] sb into a roomeine alte Dame über die Straße \führen to help an old lady across [or over] the road▪ jdn zu etw/jdm \führen (hinbringen) to take sb to sth/sb; (herbringen) to bring sb to sth/sb; (vorangehen) to lead sb to sth/sbjdn zu seinem Platz \führen to lead [or usher] sb to their seatjdn zum Traualtar \führen to lead sb to the altar2. (umherführen, den Weg zeigen)▪ jdn \führen to guide sbeinen Blinden \führen to guide a blind personjdn durch ein Museum/ein Schloss/eine Stadt \führen to show sb round a museum/a castle/a towner führte uns durch London he was our guide in London3. (leiten)▪ jdn \führen to lead sb/stheine Armee \führen to command an armyeine Expedition/eine Gruppe/eine Mannschaft \führen to lead an expedition/a group/a team▪ etw \führen to run stheinen Betrieb/ein Geschäft \führen to run [or manage] a company/a business4. (anleiten)▪ jdn \führen to lead sber führt seine Angestellten mit fester Hand he leads [or directs] his employees with a firm handsie weiß die Schüler zu \führen she knows how to lead the students5. (bringen, lenken)der Hinweis führte die Polizei auf die Spur des Diebes the tip put the police on the trail of the thiefdas führt uns auf das Thema... that brings [or leads] us on[to] the subject...jdn auf Abwege \führen to lead sb astrayetw zu Ende \führen to complete sth6. (laufend ergänzen)eine Liste/ein Verzeichnis \führen to keep a list/a registerjdn/etw auf einer Liste/in einem Verzeichnis \führen to have a record of sb/sth on a list/in a registerwir \führen keinen Schmidt in unserer Kartei we have no [record of a] Schmidt on our files8. (bewegen)einen Bogen [über die Saiten] \führen to wield a bow [across the strings]die Kamera [an etw akk] \führen to guide the camera [towards sth]; (durch Teleobjektiv) to zoom in [on sth]die Kamera ruhig \führen to operate the camera with a steady handetw zum Mund[e] \führen to raise sth to one's mouthsie führte ihr Glas zum Mund she raised her glass to her lipser führte das Satellitenkabel durch die Wand he laid [or fed] the satellite cable through the wallein Flugzeug \führen to fly a planeein Kraftfahrzeug/einen Zug \führen to drive a motor vehicle/a traineinen Kran/eine Maschine \führen to operate a crane/a machineeinen Namen \führen to go by [or form to bear] a nameverheiratete Frauen \führen oft ihren Mädchennamen weiter married women often retain [or still go by] their maiden namewelchen Namen wirst du nach der Hochzeit \führen? which name will you use when you're married?unser Mann führt den Decknamen ‚Hans‘ our man goes by the alias of ‘Hans’einen Titel \führen to hold [or form bear] a titleetw im Wappen \führen to bear sth on one's coat of arms formseine Papiere/eine Schusswaffe bei [o mit] sich dat \führen to carry one's papers/a firearm on one, to carry around one's papers/a firearm sep14. (durchführen)einen Prozess/Verhandlungen \führen to conduct a case/negotiationsII. vi1. (in Führung liegen) to be in the leadmit drei Punkten/einer halben Runde \führen to have a lead of [or to be in the lead by] three points/half a lap2. (verlaufen) to lead, to gowohin führt diese Straße/dieser Weg? where does this road/this path lead [or go] to?die Straße führt am Fluss entlang the road runs [or goes] along the river▪ durch/über etw akk \führen Weg to lead [or go] through/over sth; Straße to lead [or go] [or run] through/over sth; Kabel, Pipeline to run through/over sth; Spuren to lead through/across sthdie Brücke führt über den Rhein the bridge crosses [over] [or spans] the Rhine [or goes overdas führte dazu, dass er entlassen wurde this led to [or resulted in] his [or him] being dismissed[all] das führt [euch/uns] doch zu nichts that will [all] get you/us nowhere* * *1.transitives Verb1) leaddurch das Programm führt [Sie] Klaus Frank — Klaus Frank will present the programme
2) (Kaufmannsspr.) stock, sell < goods>ein Orts-/Ferngespräch führen — make a local/long-distance call
einen Prozess [gegen jemanden] führen — take legal action [against somebody]
4) (verantwortlich leiten) manage, run <company, business, pub, etc.>; lead < party, country>; command < regiment>; chair < committee>5) (gelangen lassen) <journey, road> take7) (verlaufen lassen) take <road, cable, etc.>8) (als Kennzeichnung, Bezeichnung haben) beareinen Titel/Künstlernamen führen — have a title/use a stage name
den Titel ‘Professor’ führen — use the title of professor
10) (befördern) carry12) (tragen)2.etwas bei od. mit sich führen — have something on one
intransitives Verb1) leaddie Straße führt nach.../durch.../über... — the road leads or goes to.../goes through.../goes over...
das würde zu weit führen — (fig.) that would be taking things too far
in der Tabelle führen — be the league leaders; be at the top of the league
3)zu etwas führen — (etwas bewirken) lead to something
3.das führt zu nichts — (ugs.) that won't get you/us etc. anywhere (coll.)
reflexives Verbsich gut/schlecht führen — conduct oneself or behave well/badly
* * *A. v/t1. lead (nach, zu to); (geleiten) auch take, escort; zu einem Platz: auch usher; (jemandem den Weg zeigen) lead, guide; (zwangsweise) escort;an oderbei der Hand führen take sb by the hand;an der Leine/am Zügel führen walk on the lead/lead by the reins;jemanden durch die Firma/Wohnung führen show sb (a)round the firm (US company)/the apartment (Br auch flat);was führt dich zu mir? fig what brings you here?;2. (irgendwohin gelangen lassen):jemandem die Hand führen guide sb’s hand (auch fig);zum Mund führen raise to one’s lips;ein Kabel durch ein Rohr führen pass a cable through a pipe;3. (handhaben) handle, wield;5.mit sich führen have on one, carry; (Fracht, Ladung etc) carry;Erz führen bear ( oder contain) ore;6. (anführen) lead, head; (Leitung haben) be in charge of; MIL auch command; (Geschäft, Haushalt etc) manage, run; (lenkend beeinflussen) guide;eine Armee in den Kampf/zum Sieg führen lead an army into battle/to victory;in den Ruin führen (Firma etc) lead to ruin;eine Klasse zum Abitur führen take a class through to the Abitur exam;er führt seine Mitarbeiter mit fester Hand he manages his colleagues with a firm hand; → Aufsicht, geführt, Kommando, Vorsitz etc7. (Gespräch, Verhandlung etc) carry on, have; (Telefongespräch) make; (Prozess) conduct; (Buch, Liste, Protokoll etc) keep; (Konto) manage;ein geruhsames etcsie führen eine gute Ehe they’re happily married, they have a good (husband-and-wife) relationship;8. (Namen) bear, go by ( oder under) the name of; (Nummer, Wappen) have; (Flagge) carry, fly; (Titel) Person: hold; Buch etc: have;den Titel … führen Buch: auch be entitled …in einer Liste führen list, make a list of;(geführt werden appear on a list, be listed;als vermisst geführt werden be posted as missingständig im Munde führen be constantly talking about; (Wendung) be constantly usingB. v/i1. lead (nach, zu to); Tal, Tür etc: auch open (into);unser Weg führte durch einen Wald/über eine Brücke our route led ( oder passed) through a wood/over a bridge2. beim Tanzen: lead, steer3. SPORT:führen über (+akk) (dauern) last;der Kampf führt über zehn Runden the fight is over ten roundsmit zwei Toren führen be two goals ahead, have a two-goal lead;mit 3:1 führen be 3-1 up;mit 3:1 gegen X führen lead X by 3-15. fig:durch das Programm/den Abend führt X your guide ( oder presenter) for the program(me)/evening is X;das führt zu keinem Ergebnis that won’t produce a result;das führt zu weit that’s ( oder that would be) going too far;wohin soll das noch führen? where will all this lead ( oder end up)?sich gut führen behave (well)* * *1.transitives Verb1) leaddurch das Programm führt [Sie] Klaus Frank — Klaus Frank will present the programme
2) (Kaufmannsspr.) stock, sell < goods>ein Orts-/Ferngespräch führen — make a local/long-distance call
einen Prozess [gegen jemanden] führen — take legal action [against somebody]
4) (verantwortlich leiten) manage, run <company, business, pub, etc.>; lead <party, country>; command < regiment>; chair < committee>5) (gelangen lassen) <journey, road> take7) (verlaufen lassen) take <road, cable, etc.>8) (als Kennzeichnung, Bezeichnung haben) beareinen Titel/Künstlernamen führen — have a title/use a stage name
den Titel ‘Professor’ führen — use the title of professor
9) (angelegt haben) keep <diary, list, file>10) (befördern) carry12) (tragen)2.etwas bei od. mit sich führen — have something on one
intransitives Verb1) leaddie Straße führt nach.../durch.../über... — the road leads or goes to.../goes through.../goes over...
das würde zu weit führen — (fig.) that would be taking things too far
2) (an der Spitze liegen) lead; be aheadin der Tabelle führen — be the league leaders; be at the top of the league
3)zu etwas führen — (etwas bewirken) lead to something
3.das führt zu nichts — (ugs.) that won't get you/us etc. anywhere (coll.)
reflexives Verbsich gut/schlecht führen — conduct oneself or behave well/badly
* * *v.to conduct v.to go v.(§ p.,p.p.: went, gone)to guide v.to lead v.(§ p.,p.p.: led)to steer v. -
76 election
n1) выборы2) избрание•to accept an election — соглашаться с избранием; принимать избрание
to be well placed to win the next general election — занимать хорошие позиции для того, чтобы победить на следующих всеобщих выборах
to bode ill for next year's election — служить плохим предзнаменованием для выборов, которые состоятся на будущий год
to bring the election forward — приближать дату проведения выборов; проводить выборы досрочно
to call an election — назначать / объявлять выборы
to call off / to cancel election — отменять выборы
to carry out one's election pledges — выполнять предвыборные обещания
to congratulate smb on his / her election — поздравлять кого-л. с избранием
to defend the strongly contested results of the election — защищать активно оспариваемые результаты выборов
to disqualify smb from taking part in the general election — лишать кого-л. права участвовать во всеобщих выборах
to give a guarded welcome to smb's election — сдержанно приветствовать чье-л. избрание
to go ahead with the election — принимать решение о проведении выборов (несмотря на что-л.)
to hold election under one's own terms — проводить выборы на своих условиях
to lead the government into the next general election — руководить правительством до следующих всеобщих выборов
to lose an election by a margin of the five seats — проигрывать выборы, получив на пять мест меньше соперника
to nominate smb for election — выдвигать чью-л. кандидатуру
to schedule election for January — намечать / планировать выборы на январь
to seek a second term in the presidential election — добиваться переизбрания на второй срок на президентских выборах
to stand against a party in election — выступать против какой-л. партии на выборах
to stand for election — баллотироваться на выборах, выставлять свою кандидатуру
- aftermath of an electionto trail far behind in the election — намного отставать от кого-л. на выборах
- alleged irregularities during the election
- all-out election
- all-race election
- annulment of the election
- apartheid election
- assessment of the election outcome
- bitterly contested election
- bread-and-butter election
- call for free election
- cancellation of the election
- cantonal election
- close election
- comfortable election
- coming election
- competitive election
- conclusion of the election
- Congressional election
- consequences of the election
- contested election
- contribution to the election
- controversial election
- council election
- counting continued in local government election
- crucial election
- defeat at an election
- deferment of election
- democratic election
- direct election for the presidency
- disputed election
- disruption of election
- early election
- election by proportional representation
- election comes amid increasing tension
- election goes into a second round
- election has continued into its second unscheduled day
- election has entered its final stages
- election held several months ahead of schedule
- election is far from straightforward
- election on a factory and enterprise basis
- election on a population basis
- election saw violence
- election seems to be in the bag for smb
- election was a farce
- election was a neck and neck race
- election was conducted peacefully
- election was successful
- election will be about deciding...
- election will go ahead as scheduled
- election will result in a victory for...
- elections are a day away
- elections are being held throughout the country
- elections are due
- elections to an assembly
- Euro-election
- fair election
- federal election
- fiercely fought election
- forthcoming election
- free election
- full election
- general election
- genuine election
- gubernatorial election
- hell-bent for election
- his election is already assured
- honest election
- if the next election goes against them
- illegitimate election
- impending election
- inconclusive election
- issue in the election
- leadership election
- legislative election
- local council election
- local election
- local government election
- low turnout for the election
- mayoral election
- midterm election
- mock election
- multiracial election
- national election
- national legislative election
- new-style election
- nonracial election
- nullification of the election
- off-year election
- open election
- orderly conduct of an election
- outcome of the election
- outright winner in an election
- parliamentary election
- party eligible to stand in the election
- party's poor showing in the election
- popular election
- presidential election
- pre-term election
- prompt election
- provincial election
- racially segregated election
- rehearsal for a general election
- re-run of election
- rigged election
- rigged-up election
- rigging of election
- right to vote in the election
- run-off election
- run-up to the election
- semi-free election
- sham election
- smb is well on course to win the general election
- special election
- staged election
- statute of election
- stealing of election
- strong showing in an election
- tainted election
- that could lose them the election
- the first round of election has ended inconclusively
- the scene is set for presidential election
- there is no clear outcome of the election
- this side of the general election
- tough election
- two-stage election
- unofficial results in the election
- upcoming election
- valid election
- war-torn election
- watershed election
- winning the election was the easy bit
- with the election looking in the country
- writ for a general election -
77 war
1. nвойна, боевые действия, военные действия; борьбаto abolish war — уничтожать войны; устранять возможность возникновения войны
to declare war on / upon a country — объявлять войну какой-л. стране
to drag / to draw a country into a war — втягивать страну в войну
to eliminate the menace / threat of war — устранять угрозу войны
to fight other people's wars — воевать за других, участвовать в чужой войне
to force a war on / upon smb — навязывать войну кому-л.
to go to war — вступать в войну, начинать войну, отправляться на войну, участвовать в войне
to impose a war on / upon smb — навязывать войну кому-л.
to instigate a war — провоцировать военный конфликт / войну
to know the price of war — знать не понаслышке, что такое война
to levy a war on / upon smb — навязывать войну кому-л.
to menace war — угрожать / грозить войной
to open a war — начинать / развязывать войну
to reject any arbitration / mediation in the war — отклонять любое посредничество в деле прекращения войны
to resolve a war — разрешать / урегулировать военный конфликт
to rise up a holy war against foreign invaders — подниматься на священную войну против иностранных захватчиков
to scrap star wars — отказываться от "звездных войн"
to settle / to solve a war — разрешать / урегулировать военный конфликт
to slide to a civil war — сползать / скатываться к гражданской войне ( о стране)
to stoke up a war — раздувать войну, подогревать военный конфликт
to unleash a war — начинать / развязывать войну
- abolition of warto wage war — вести войну, воевать
- accidental war
- Afghan war
- aftermath of the war
- aggressive war
- air war
- all-out war
- alternative to war
- annexionist war
- announcement of war - at times of war
- atomic war
- atrocities of war
- bacteriological war
- bitter war
- bloody war
- border war
- breathing space in a war
- brunt of war
- brutal methods of war
- brutal war
- camps war - cessation of the war
- civil war
- clandestine war
- class war
- Cod Wars
- cold war
- collapse of the cold war
- colonial war
- conduct of war
- contained war
- containment of the war
- controlled counterforce war
- conventional war
- cosmic war
- costly war
- counterinsurgency war
- country blighted by war
- country in the throes of a civil war
- country of war
- country's involvement in the war
- crack war
- crime war
- criminal war
- cruel war
- currency war
- danger of war
- de facto war
- declaration of war
- declared state of war
- defensive war
- desperate war
- destructive war
- deterring war
- devastating war
- devastation of the war
- dirty war
- divisive war - drug war
- dynastic wars
- economic war
- effects of war
- end of the war
- end to the war
- enduring war - escalation of the war
- Europe has been through wars - exterminatory war
- factional war
- feats of war
- fierce war
- final phase of the war
- First World War
- flare-up of the war
- fratricidal war
- from before the war
- full war
- full-fledged war
- full-scale war
- gang war
- general war
- global war
- gravity of the war
- Great Patriotic War
- Great War
- ground war
- guerrilla war
- Gulf War
- hidden war
- holy war
- horrors of war
- hot war - in the wake of the war
- in the war
- inadvertent war
- inconclusive war
- independence war
- initial indications of a war coming
- insurrectionary war
- intensified war
- intensive preparations for war
- interminable war
- internecine war
- jamming war
- just war
- land war
- large-scale war
- latent war
- level of war
- liberation war
- limited war
- local war
- lone war
- long war
- long-running war
- lost war
- major war
- massive war
- means of ending the war
- means of war
- menace of war
- missile and nuclear war
- missile war
- monetary and financial war
- murderous war
- national liberation war
- national war
- naval war
- newspaper war
- nightmares of war
- nonatomic war
- nonnuclear war
- nuclear war
- nuclear-missile war
- nuke war
- offensive war
- on the brink of war
- on the verge of war
- ongoing war
- open war
- outbreak of war
- outset of war
- part of the country ravaged by war
- people's liberation war
- people's war
- permanent war
- phony war
- pocket war
- poised for war - potential of war
- predatory war
- preparations for war
- prevention of war
- preventive war
- price war - prolonged war
- propagander war
- prosecution of war
- prospect of war
- protracted war
- proxy war
- psychological war
- race war
- rejection of wars
- rekindling of the war
- relics of the cold war
- renunciation of wars
- restricted war
- revolutionary war
- ruinous war
- ruthless war
- sacred war
- savage war
- scars of war
- scourge of war
- Second World War
- secret war
- shooting war
- Six-day war
- sources of war
- spillover of the war
- star wars - strategic war
- sustained war
- Tanker war
- tantamount to declaring war
- tariff war
- termination of war
- the country is effectively at war
- thermonuclear war
- thirst for war - total war
- trade war
- tribal war
- undeclared war
- union recruitment war
- universal war
- unjust war
- unleashing of war
- unwinnable war
- vengeful war
- victim of war
- War between the States
- War in the Gulf
- War of American Independence
- war against illiteracy
- war against poverty
- war against the use of drugs
- war by proxy
- war drags on
- war escalated
- war has broken out
- war has devastated much of the country
- war has flared up again
- war is as good as over
- war is at a halt
- war is at an end
- war is effectively over
- war is entering a new phase
- war is going to carry on
- war is imminent
- war is looming
- war is petering out
- war is the last resort
- war is unacceptable
- war knew no bounds
- war of aggression
- war of attrition
- war of conquest
- war of diplomatic attrition
- war of extermination
- war of extinction
- war of genocide
- war of liberation
- war of nerves
- war of secession
- war of the cities
- war of words
- war on drugs
- war on terror
- war on two fronts
- war remains intense
- war spills over
- war to end all wars
- war to finish
- war to the end
- war to the knife
- war will leave no victors
- war without end
- war would be catastrophic
- wasting war
- white war
- wide war
- winnable war
- withdrawal from war
- World War I
- World War II
- world war
- world without wars 2. vto war down smth — завоевывать / покорять что-л.
to war over smth — воевать по поводу / из-за чего-л.
-
78 straight
streit 1. adjective1) (not bent or curved: a straight line; straight (= not curly) hair; That line is not straight.) rett, bein, glatt2) ((of a person, his behaviour etc) honest, frank and direct: Give me a straight answer!) hederlig; oppriktig, åpenhjertig, rett ut3) (properly or levelly positioned: Your tie isn't straight.) ordentlig, skikkelig4) (correct and tidy: I'll never get this house straight!; Now let's get the facts straight!) i orden/stand, rett5) ((of drinks) not mixed: a straight gin.) rein, bar6) ((of a face, expression etc) not smiling or laughing: You should keep a straight face while you tell a joke.) som holder masken7) ((of an actor) playing normal characters, or (of a play) of the ordinary type - not a musical or variety show.) karakter-2. adverb1) (in a straight, not curved, line; directly: His route went straight across the desert; She can't steer straight; Keep straight on.) rett, beint2) (immediately, without any delay: He went straight home after the meeting.) rett, direkte3) (honestly or fairly: You're not playing (= behaving) straight.) fair, ærlig3. noun(the straight part of something, eg of a racecourse: He's in the final straight.)- straightness
- straightforward
- straightforwardly
- straightforwardness
- straight talking
- go straight
- straight away
- straighten out/up
- a straight fight
- straight offlike--------rank--------rett--------strakIsubst. \/streɪt\/1) rett linje2) rett vei(strekning)3) ( sport) langside, oppløpsside4) ( sport eller kortspill) serie, rekke5) ( i poker) straight6) ( hverdagslig) heteroseksuell, heterofil7) ( hverdagslig) konvensjonell personbe on the straight (and narrow) føre et hederlig liv, skikke segbe out of the straight være kroket, være skjev, sitte skjevtkeep to the straight and narrow (hverdagslig, overført) holde seg på den smale veion the straight rett, i rett linjeIIadj. \/streɪt\/1) rett, ben• is my hat on straight?2) rank, rett, stram3) direkte, rett4) på rad, etter hverandre5) i orden6) oppriktig, ærlig, åpenhjertig7) ærlig, hederlig, ordentlig, skikkelig, rettskaffen8) ( hverdagslig) pålitelig, tilforlatelig9) ( om alkoholholdig drink) ublandet, bar, ren10) (amer. skolevesen, om karakterer) blank, ren, strak11) (amer.) rendyrket, helhjertet, tro(fast)14) ( hverdagslig) borgerlig, konvensjonell15) ( hverdagslig) heterofil, heteroseksuell16) ( hverdagslig) som ikke bruker narkotika, dopfrias straight as an arrow snorrettget something straight få noe klart for seg, klargjøre en situasjon• now get this straight!get\/put\/make\/set straight ( overført) få orden på, ordne opp ibringe i orden, få orden på, rydde, gjøre i stand, ordnehave a straight word\/talk with someone si noen et alvorsordI'll put you straight! jeg skal lære deg!keep someone straight se til at noen skikker seg vel, holde orden på noenkeep straight føre et hederlig liv, skikke seg ( også) holde seg på matta, ikke skeie utkeep to the straight and narrow (path) ( overført) holde seg på den smale veimake\/put\/set everything\/matters straight ordne opp i alt, legge alt til retteput straight rette på, henge retta straight tip et stalltipsIIIadv. \/streɪt\/1) rakt, rett, bent2) rett, riktig, korrekt3) logisk, klart4) direkte, rett, rake veien5) straks, umiddelbart, øyeblikkelig6) ( overført) hederlig, ærlig, ordentlig, skikkelig7) (amer.) uten omsvøp, rett frem, direkte8) (amer.) (netto) per stykkstraight across tvers overstraight away med det samme, med en gang, umiddelbart, øyeblikkelig tvertstraight from the shoulder (gammeldags, om slag) raskt og godt slått ( overført) direkte, uten omsvøp, rett fra levrastraight off med en gang, øyeblikkelig uten forberedelser, på strak arm, på stående fot, i fartenuten videre, uten omsvøpstraight on rett fremstraight (out) direkte, rett ut, rett på sak, uten omsvøpstraight through tvers igjennom i ett strekk -
79 ajuste
m.1 fitting.ajuste de cuentas settling of scores2 adjustment, setting, fix, adjusting.3 fit.4 final touch, smoothing.5 imposition, enactment.pres.subj.3rd person singular (él/ella/ello) Present Subjunctive of Spanish verb: ajustar.* * *1 (unión) adjustment, fitting2 TÉCNICA assembly3 COMERCIO settlement, fixing4 (tipografía) make-up, composition\ajuste de cuentas figurado settling of scores* * *noun m.* * *SM1) (Téc) adjustmentcarta 7)¿cómo se hace el ajuste del brillo en este televisor? — how do you adjust the brightness on this television?
2) (=adaptación) adjustmentajuste de plantilla — Esp redeployment of labour o (EEUU) labor
ajuste laboral — redeployment of labour o (EEUU) labor
3) (=pacto)4) (Cos)5) (Tip) composition, make-up6) (Jur) (=honorarios) retaining fee; (=sobrepaga) bonus7) Méx [de motor] overhaul* * *1)a) ( apretamiento) tightening (up)b) ( regulación) adjustment2) (de gastos, horarios) readjustment; ( de sueldos) adjustment3) ( de precio) fixing•* * *= adjustment, alignment, customisation [customization, -USA], fine tuning [fine-tuning], tightening up, tweaking, tailoring, tweak, tightening, refinement.Ex. Even in situations where there is a published list covering the requirements of the type of library to be indexed, this list is likely to require adjustment in order to make it compatible with local requirements.Ex. Word processing packages must be able to permit the user to manipulate test, as is necessary in alignment of margins, insertion and deletion of paragraphs, arrange for text to appear in the centre of the page and underline.Ex. The evaluation model therefore is subject to a degree of customisation to adapt it to the project environment.Ex. A second important purpose was to facilitate the initial ' fine tuning' of the system following its initial deployment.Ex. This appears to be a tightening up of the definition rather than a new approach.Ex. The PCC intends that Program records, full or core, represent acceptable bibliographic control such that record ' tweaking' at the local level is minimized.Ex. To haul themselves out of their bog, their networks must facilitate tailoring of records to meet local needs.Ex. This system simultaneously searches the Web and a large, multidisciplinary, full text database, using a relevance system with some clever tweaks.Ex. Previous policies allowed professional interaction but recent tightening has made that more difficult.Ex. Also search strategy can be modified relatively easily, where only refinements or slight modifications in index terms are appropriate.----* ajuste de cuentas = grudge fight, grudge match, settling of scores.* ajuste de la componente estacional = seasonal adjustment.* ajuste estacional = seasonal adjustment.* buen ajuste = good fit.* hacer ajustes = make + adjustment.* hacer pequeños ajustes = tinker + around the edges, tinker with.* pequeños ajustes = tinkering.* * *1)a) ( apretamiento) tightening (up)b) ( regulación) adjustment2) (de gastos, horarios) readjustment; ( de sueldos) adjustment3) ( de precio) fixing•* * *= adjustment, alignment, customisation [customization, -USA], fine tuning [fine-tuning], tightening up, tweaking, tailoring, tweak, tightening, refinement.Ex: Even in situations where there is a published list covering the requirements of the type of library to be indexed, this list is likely to require adjustment in order to make it compatible with local requirements.
Ex: Word processing packages must be able to permit the user to manipulate test, as is necessary in alignment of margins, insertion and deletion of paragraphs, arrange for text to appear in the centre of the page and underline.Ex: The evaluation model therefore is subject to a degree of customisation to adapt it to the project environment.Ex: A second important purpose was to facilitate the initial ' fine tuning' of the system following its initial deployment.Ex: This appears to be a tightening up of the definition rather than a new approach.Ex: The PCC intends that Program records, full or core, represent acceptable bibliographic control such that record ' tweaking' at the local level is minimized.Ex: To haul themselves out of their bog, their networks must facilitate tailoring of records to meet local needs.Ex: This system simultaneously searches the Web and a large, multidisciplinary, full text database, using a relevance system with some clever tweaks.Ex: Previous policies allowed professional interaction but recent tightening has made that more difficult.Ex: Also search strategy can be modified relatively easily, where only refinements or slight modifications in index terms are appropriate.* ajuste de cuentas = grudge fight, grudge match, settling of scores.* ajuste de la componente estacional = seasonal adjustment.* ajuste estacional = seasonal adjustment.* buen ajuste = good fit.* hacer ajustes = make + adjustment.* hacer pequeños ajustes = tinker + around the edges, tinker with.* pequeños ajustes = tinkering.* * *A1 (apretamiento) tightening (up)2 (regulación) adjustment3 (de páginas) makeup, compositionCompuesto:( Inf) word wrapB1 (de gastos, horarios) readjustmentajuste de plantilla redeployment of labor/staff2 (de sueldos) adjustmentC (de precio) fixingsólo falta el ajuste del precio all that remains is to fix the priceCompuesto:settling of scores* * *
Del verbo ajustar: ( conjugate ajustar)
ajusté es:
1ª persona singular (yo) pretérito indicativo
ajuste es:
1ª persona singular (yo) presente subjuntivo3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) presente subjuntivo3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) imperativo
Multiple Entries:
ajustar
ajuste
ajustar ( conjugate ajustar) verbo transitivo
1
2 ( en costura) to take in
3a) ‹gastos/horarios› ajuste algo a algo to adapt sth to sth
4 ( concertar) to fix, set
5 ‹ cuentas› ( sacar el resultado de) to balance;
( saldar) to settle
verbo intransitivo
to fit
ajustarse verbo pronominal
1 ( refl) ‹ cinturón de seguridad› to adjust
2 [ piezas] to fit
ajustar verbo transitivo
1 to adjust
2 (apretar) to tighten
(encajar) to fit
3 Fin (cuenta) to settle
♦ Locuciones: figurado ¡ya te ajustaré las cuentas!, I'll get even with you!
ajuste sustantivo masculino
1 adjustment
2 (económico) settlement
figurado ajuste de cuentas, settling of scores
' ajuste' also found in these entries:
English:
adjust
- adjustment
- fit
- setting
* * *ajuste nm1. [de pieza] fitting;[de mecanismo] adjustment2. [ecónomico]ajuste de plantilla downsizing;las medidas de ajuste económico propuestas por el gobierno the economic measures proposed by the governmentajustes presupuestarios budget adjustments;ajuste salarial wage adjustment3. RDom, Ven [pago único] = agreed payment for a piece of workle va mal porque no hizo ajuste con los poderosos de turno it's going badly for him because he didn't square things o do a deal with those in power at the time5. Fig ajuste de cuentas:los ajustes de cuentas son frecuentes entre bandas rivales the settling of scores is common amongst rival gangs;murió en un ajuste de cuentas he died in a tit-for-tat killing* * *m adjustment;ajuste de cuentas settling of scores* * *ajuste nm1) : adjustment2) : tightening* * *ajuste n adjustment -
80 tomate
m.1 tomato (fruto).tomate frito = unconcentrated puree made by frying peeled tomatoestomate ketchup tomato ketchup2 hole (informal) (de calcetín).3 uproar, commotion (informal) (jaleo).* * *1 (fruto) tomato\ponerse como un tomate figurado to go as red as a beetroottener tomate familiar to be difficult* * *noun m.* * *SM1) tomato2) * [en calcetín, media] hole3) * (=jaleo) fuss, row; (=pelea) set-to *¡qué tomate! — what a mess!
esto tiene tomate — this is tough, this is a tough one
* * *1) (Bot, Coc) tomatoestar/ponerse (colorado) como un tomate — ( de vergüenza) to be/turn as red as a beet (AmE), to be/go as red as a beetroot (BrE); ( por el sol) to be/turn as red as a lobster
2) (Esp fam) ( agujero) hole* * *= tomato [tomatoes, -pl.].Ex. A government publication can be as small as a single sheet advisory leaflet on tomato growing.----* ponerse colorado como un tomate = go + bright red.* ponerse rojo como un tomate = go + bright red.* salsa de tomate = tomato sauce.* tomate cherri = cherry tomato.* tomate de pera = pear tomato, Italian tomato, Roma tomato.* tomates en rama = tomatoes on the vine.* * *1) (Bot, Coc) tomatoestar/ponerse (colorado) como un tomate — ( de vergüenza) to be/turn as red as a beet (AmE), to be/go as red as a beetroot (BrE); ( por el sol) to be/turn as red as a lobster
2) (Esp fam) ( agujero) hole* * *= tomato [tomatoes, -pl.].Ex: A government publication can be as small as a single sheet advisory leaflet on tomato growing.
* ponerse colorado como un tomate = go + bright red.* ponerse rojo como un tomate = go + bright red.* salsa de tomate = tomato sauce.* tomate cherri = cherry tomato.* tomate de pera = pear tomato, Italian tomato, Roma tomato.* tomates en rama = tomatoes on the vine.* * *salsa de tomate tomato sauceestar/ponerse (colorado) como un tomate (sonrojarse) to be/turn as red as a beet ( AmE), to be/go as red as a beetroot ( BrE) (quemarse) to be/turn as red as a lobsterCompuestos:● tomate cherry or cerezacherry tomatotree tomatoplum tomato1 (complicación, dificultad) difficultyel examen tenía or traía mucho tomate the exam was a real stinker ( colloq)2 (jaleo, pelea) set-to ( colloq)* * *
tomate sustantivo masculino
tomato;◊ estar/ponerse (colorado) como un tomate ( de vergüenza) to be/turn as red as a beet (AmE), to be/go as red as a beetroot (BrE);
( por el sol) to be/turn as red as a lobster
tomate sustantivo masculino
1 tomato
2 (salsa) tomato sauce
3 fam (agujero en una prenda de punto) tengo un tomate en el calcetín, I've got a hole in my sock
4 familiar (situación confusa, lío) vaya tomate se armó cuando se pelearon, there was a real to-do when they had that fight
♦ Locuciones: ponerse como un tomate, to blush, go as red as a beetroot
' tomate' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
colorada
- colorado
- reventarse
- roja
- rojo
- tiempo
- concentrado
- jugo
- pepita
- refrito
- salsa
English:
baked beans
- bean
- BLT
- hole
- tomato
- French
- ketchup
- puree
- really
- time
* * *tomate nm1. [fruto] tomato;tomate cereza cherry tomato;tomate frito = unconcentrated puree made by frying peeled tomatoes;tomate de pera plum tomato;RP, Ven tomate (de) perita plum tomato* * *m1 tomato;ponerse como un tomate go bright red, turn as red as a beet, Br turn as red as a beetroot2 figmess* * *tomate nm: tomato* * *
См. также в других словарях:
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