crīmĭnātĭo

* * *

accusation, charge, calumny

* * *

dis-solvo, solvi, sŏlūtum, 3, v. a., to loosen asunder, to unloose, disunite, separate, dissolve, destroy (freq. and class.).

Lit.

In gen.:

facilius est apta dissolvere quam dissipata conectere,

Cic. Or. 71, 235:

opus ipsa suum eadem quae coagmentavit natura dissolvit,

id. de Sen. 20, 72:

dissolvunt nodos omnes et vincla relaxant,

Lucr. 6, 356:

contextum,

id. 1, 243:

stamina,

Tib. 1, 7, 2:

ornatus comae,

id. 1, 10, 62:

capillum,

Plin. 28, 7, 23, § 78:

sparta navium,

id. 24, 9, 40, § 65:

pontem,

Nep. Them. 5, 1 et saep.:

nubila ventis,

Lucr. 6, 514; cf.

nubes (ventus, with diducit),

id. 6, 216:

glaciem (sol),

to melt, id. 6, 964:

aes (fulmen),

id. 6, 352:

corpora (vis),

id. 1, 224:

se (venti vortex),

id. 6, 446:

tenebras luce,

Varr. L. L. 6, § 79 Müll.:

dissolutum navigium vel potius dissipatum,

Cic. Att. 15, 11, 3; so,

navem,

Phaedr. 4, 22, 10; Ov. Tr. 4, 8, 18:

stomachum,

i. e. to loosen, relax, Plin. 20, 23, 96, § 256:

ilia sua visu,

Petr. 24, 5:

resinam omnem oleo,

Plin. 14, 20, 25, § 123: collegia, Suet. Aug. 32:

cohortem Germanorum,

id. Galb. 12 et saep.:

animam,

i. e. to die, Lucr. 3, 601; cf. id. 456; Cic. Tusc. 1, 11, 24.—

In partic.

In mercant. lang., to pay, discharge what one owes:

dinumerando solvere: aes alienum praediis venditis,

Cic. Sull. 20, 56; id. Off. 2, 2, 4; Plin. 33, 3, 13, § 44:

nomen,

Cic. Planc. 28:

omne quod debuit,

id. Rosc. Com. 13, 38:

quae debeo,

Ter. Ph. 4, 3, 50: pecuniam pro iis rebus, * Caes. B. C. 1, 87, 1:

pecuniam publicam ulli civitati,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 75:

poenam,

to pay a fine, id. Tusc. 1, 42, 100; cf.:

dissolvere et compensare damna,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 13:

vota,

id. Att. 15, 11 fin.; Cat. 66, 38.—

Mid., transf. to the person: quarum (possessionum) amore adducti dissolvi nullo modo possunt, free or release themselves from debt, Cic. Cat. 2, 8, 18.—

In medic. lang., like digerere, discutere, to discuss, dissipate morbid matter, Plin. 20, 12, 48, § 122; 24, 6, 14, § 23; 24, 9, 38, § 60 al.

Trop., to dissolve, abolish, abrogate, annul, destroy.

In gen.:

utilitas si amicitias conglutinaret, eadem commutata dissolveret,

Cic. Lael. 9, 32; cf. id. de Or. 1, 42, 188:

amicitiam,

id. Rosc. Am. 39:

societatem,

id. Rosc. Com. 13, 38:

consortionem,

id. Off. 3, 6:

matrimonia,

Cod. Just. 5, 17, 8 et saep.:

perjurium,

Cic. Off. 3, 32, 113; cf.

religiones,

Liv. 40, 29:

acta Caesaris,

Cic. Phil. 1, 7 fin.; cf.:

leges Caesaris,

ib. 1, 8 init.:

judicia publica,

id. Agr. 2, 13 fin.:

hoc interdictum,

id. Caecin. 14, 40 et saep.:

argentariam,

id. ib. 4, 11:

regiam potestatem,

Nep. Lys. 3 fin.; cf.

rem publicam,

Liv. 5, 6 fin.:

severitatem,

Cic. Mur. 31, 65:

frigus,

Hor. C. 1, 9, 5 et saep.:

mortem cuncta mortalium mala dissolvere,

Sall. C. 51, 20; cf.

with pers. object: plerosque senectus dissolvit,

id. J. 17, 6.—

In partic.

In rhet. and philos. lang., to refute, reply to, answer an assertion:

criminatio tota dissoluta est (with diluere),

Cic. Rosc. Am. 29, 82:

seu proposita confirmamus, seu contra dicta dissolvimus,

Quint. 4 prooem. § 6; Cic. de Or. 2, 38; id. Tusc. 3, 30; Quint. 5, 13, 2; Tac. A. 13, 21 al.—

(Acc. to I. B. 1. b.) To release, disengage one:

obsecro, dissolve jam me,

Plaut. Merc. 1, 2, 54; id. Poen. 1, 1, 20; Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 102.—Hence, dissŏ-lūtus, a, um, P. a., unloosed, loose, disconnected.

Of discourse: alterum nimis est vinctum, ut de industria factum appareat;

alterum nimis dissolutum, ut pervagatum ac vulgare videatur,

Cic. Or. 57, 195; Quint. 2, 11, 7; 8, 6, 62 al.—Hence, subst.: dissolūtum, i, n., a gram. fig., i. q. asundeton, asyndeton, Auct. Her. 4, 30, 41; Cic. de Or. 3, 54, 207 (also ap. Quint. 9, 1, 34).—

Of character, lax, remiss, negligent, inattentive, careless; licentious, dissolute (cf.:

mollis, luxuriosus, effeminatus): negligere quid de se quisque sentiat, non solum arrogantis est, sed omnino dissoluti,

Cic. Off. 1, 28, 99:

cupio in tantis rei publicae periculis me non dissolutum videri,

id. Cat. 1, 2, 4; cf.:

in praetermittendo (opp. crudelis in animadvertendo),

id. Verr. 2, 5, 3 fin.:

opp. vehemens,

id. ib. 2, 5, 40:

(Verres) omnium hominum dissolutissimus crudelissimusque,

id. ib. 2, 3, 56; cf. id. ib. 2, 3, 57; id. Tusc. 4, 25 fin.; Nep. Alcib. 1 fin. al.:

quis tam dissolutus in re familiari fuisset, quis tam negligens, etc.?

Cic. Quint. 11, 38; cf. id. ib. 12, 40 et saep.:

animus,

id. Rosc. Am. 11, 32; cf.

mens luxu,

Tac. A. 15, 49 fin.:

consuetudo Graecorum,

Cic. Fl. 9;

and, mores,

Phaedr. 1, 2, 12:

comitas,

Quint. 2, 2, 5:

libelli multo dissolutiores ipsis actionibus,

Sen. Contr. 5 praef.:

nihil asperum... nec tamen quicquam populare ac dissolutum,

Cic. Att. 1, 19, 8; id. Off. 1, 35, 129.— Adv.: dissŏlūte.

Acc. to A., loosely, disconnectedly:

dicere demptis conjunctionibus,

Cic. Or. 39, 135.—

Acc. to B., laxly, negligently, carelessly:

dissolute et turpiter scribere de restitutione alicujus,

Cic. Att. 14, 13 fin.:

vendere decumas,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 39 fin.:

jus suum relinquere,

id. Caecin. 36:

factum aliquid,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 8; cf. id. Phil. 6, 1.

dis-solvo, solvi, sŏlūtum, 3, v. a., to loosen asunder, to unloose, disunite, separate, dissolve, destroy (freq. and class.).

Lit.

In gen.:

facilius est apta dissolvere quam dissipata conectere,

Cic. Or. 71, 235:

opus ipsa suum eadem quae coagmentavit natura dissolvit,

id. de Sen. 20, 72:

dissolvunt nodos omnes et vincla relaxant,

Lucr. 6, 356:

contextum,

id. 1, 243:

stamina,

Tib. 1, 7, 2:

ornatus comae,

id. 1, 10, 62:

capillum,

Plin. 28, 7, 23, § 78:

sparta navium,

id. 24, 9, 40, § 65:

pontem,

Nep. Them. 5, 1 et saep.:

nubila ventis,

Lucr. 6, 514; cf.

nubes (ventus, with diducit),

id. 6, 216:

glaciem (sol),

to melt, id. 6, 964:

aes (fulmen),

id. 6, 352:

corpora (vis),

id. 1, 224:

se (venti vortex),

id. 6, 446:

tenebras luce,

Varr. L. L. 6, § 79 Müll.:

dissolutum navigium vel potius dissipatum,

Cic. Att. 15, 11, 3; so,

navem,

Phaedr. 4, 22, 10; Ov. Tr. 4, 8, 18:

stomachum,

i. e. to loosen, relax, Plin. 20, 23, 96, § 256:

ilia sua visu,

Petr. 24, 5:

resinam omnem oleo,

Plin. 14, 20, 25, § 123: collegia, Suet. Aug. 32:

cohortem Germanorum,

id. Galb. 12 et saep.:

animam,

i. e. to die, Lucr. 3, 601; cf. id. 456; Cic. Tusc. 1, 11, 24.—

In partic.

In mercant. lang., to pay, discharge what one owes:

dinumerando solvere: aes alienum praediis venditis,

Cic. Sull. 20, 56; id. Off. 2, 2, 4; Plin. 33, 3, 13, § 44:

nomen,

Cic. Planc. 28:

omne quod debuit,

id. Rosc. Com. 13, 38:

quae debeo,

Ter. Ph. 4, 3, 50: pecuniam pro iis rebus, * Caes. B. C. 1, 87, 1:

pecuniam publicam ulli civitati,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 75:

poenam,

to pay a fine, id. Tusc. 1, 42, 100; cf.:

dissolvere et compensare damna,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 13:

vota,

id. Att. 15, 11 fin.; Cat. 66, 38.—

Mid., transf. to the person: quarum (possessionum) amore adducti dissolvi nullo modo possunt, free or release themselves from debt, Cic. Cat. 2, 8, 18.—

In medic. lang., like digerere, discutere, to discuss, dissipate morbid matter, Plin. 20, 12, 48, § 122; 24, 6, 14, § 23; 24, 9, 38, § 60 al.

Trop., to dissolve, abolish, abrogate, annul, destroy.

In gen.:

utilitas si amicitias conglutinaret, eadem commutata dissolveret,

Cic. Lael. 9, 32; cf. id. de Or. 1, 42, 188:

amicitiam,

id. Rosc. Am. 39:

societatem,

id. Rosc. Com. 13, 38:

consortionem,

id. Off. 3, 6:

matrimonia,

Cod. Just. 5, 17, 8 et saep.:

perjurium,

Cic. Off. 3, 32, 113; cf.

religiones,

Liv. 40, 29:

acta Caesaris,

Cic. Phil. 1, 7 fin.; cf.:

leges Caesaris,

ib. 1, 8 init.:

judicia publica,

id. Agr. 2, 13 fin.:

hoc interdictum,

id. Caecin. 14, 40 et saep.:

argentariam,

id. ib. 4, 11:

regiam potestatem,

Nep. Lys. 3 fin.; cf.

rem publicam,

Liv. 5, 6 fin.:

severitatem,

Cic. Mur. 31, 65:

frigus,

Hor. C. 1, 9, 5 et saep.:

mortem cuncta mortalium mala dissolvere,

Sall. C. 51, 20; cf.

with pers. object: plerosque senectus dissolvit,

id. J. 17, 6.—

In partic.

In rhet. and philos. lang., to refute, reply to, answer an assertion:

criminatio tota dissoluta est (with diluere),

Cic. Rosc. Am. 29, 82:

seu proposita confirmamus, seu contra dicta dissolvimus,

Quint. 4 prooem. § 6; Cic. de Or. 2, 38; id. Tusc. 3, 30; Quint. 5, 13, 2; Tac. A. 13, 21 al.—

(Acc. to I. B. 1. b.) To release, disengage one:

obsecro, dissolve jam me,

Plaut. Merc. 1, 2, 54; id. Poen. 1, 1, 20; Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 102.—Hence, dissŏ-lūtus, a, um, P. a., unloosed, loose, disconnected.

Of discourse: alterum nimis est vinctum, ut de industria factum appareat;

alterum nimis dissolutum, ut pervagatum ac vulgare videatur,

Cic. Or. 57, 195; Quint. 2, 11, 7; 8, 6, 62 al.—Hence, subst.: dissolūtum, i, n., a gram. fig., i. q. asundeton, asyndeton, Auct. Her. 4, 30, 41; Cic. de Or. 3, 54, 207 (also ap. Quint. 9, 1, 34).—

Of character, lax, remiss, negligent, inattentive, careless; licentious, dissolute (cf.:

mollis, luxuriosus, effeminatus): negligere quid de se quisque sentiat, non solum arrogantis est, sed omnino dissoluti,

Cic. Off. 1, 28, 99:

cupio in tantis rei publicae periculis me non dissolutum videri,

id. Cat. 1, 2, 4; cf.:

in praetermittendo (opp. crudelis in animadvertendo),

id. Verr. 2, 5, 3 fin.:

opp. vehemens,

id. ib. 2, 5, 40:

(Verres) omnium hominum dissolutissimus crudelissimusque,

id. ib. 2, 3, 56; cf. id. ib. 2, 3, 57; id. Tusc. 4, 25 fin.; Nep. Alcib. 1 fin. al.:

quis tam dissolutus in re familiari fuisset, quis tam negligens, etc.?

Cic. Quint. 11, 38; cf. id. ib. 12, 40 et saep.:

animus,

id. Rosc. Am. 11, 32; cf.

mens luxu,

Tac. A. 15, 49 fin.:

consuetudo Graecorum,

Cic. Fl. 9;

and, mores,

Phaedr. 1, 2, 12:

comitas,

Quint. 2, 2, 5:

libelli multo dissolutiores ipsis actionibus,

Sen. Contr. 5 praef.:

nihil asperum... nec tamen quicquam populare ac dissolutum,

Cic. Att. 1, 19, 8; id. Off. 1, 35, 129.— Adv.: dissŏlūte.

Acc. to A., loosely, disconnectedly:

dicere demptis conjunctionibus,

Cic. Or. 39, 135.—

Acc. to B., laxly, negligently, carelessly:

dissolute et turpiter scribere de restitutione alicujus,

Cic. Att. 14, 13 fin.:

vendere decumas,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 39 fin.:

jus suum relinquere,

id. Caecin. 36:

factum aliquid,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 8; cf. id. Phil. 6, 1.

fors, fortis, f. [fero, to bring, whence fortuna, v. Curt. Gr. Etym. p. 300 sq.], chance, hap, luck, hazard.

Subst.

As an appellative noun (used only in the nom. and abl.; syn.: fortuna, casus, sors): quo saxum impulerit fors, eo cadere Fortunam autumant, Pac. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 23, 36 (Trag. Rel. v. 368 Rib., who regards this verse as spurious); cf.: quibus natura prava magis quam fors aut fortuna obfuit, Att. ap. Non. 425, 13 (Trag. Rel. ed. Rib. v. 110): cui parilem fortuna locum fatumque tulit fors, Lucil. ap. Non. 425, 15; cf.

also: casumque timent quem cuique ferat fors,

Lucr. 3, 983 Lachm. N. cr.:

unum hoc scio: Quod fors feret, feremus aequo animo,

Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 88:

sed haec, ut fors tulerit,

Cic. Att. 7, 14 fin.:

sed haec fors viderit,

id. ib. 14, 13, 3;

4, 10, 1: quam sibi sortem Seu ratio dederit, seu fors objecerit,

Hor. S. 1, 1, 2:

quia tam incommode illis fors obtulerat adventum meum,

Ter. Hec. 3, 3, 10:

telum quod cuique fors offerebat, arripuit,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 43; Hor. S. 1, 6, 54; 2, 1, 59:

forte quadam divinitus super ripas Tiberis effusus lenibus stagnis,

Liv. 1, 4, 4:

fors fuit, ut, etc.,

it happened that, Gell. 12, 8, 2:

fors fuat pol!

so be it! God grant it! Ter. Hec. 4, 3, 4;

post-class.: fors fuat, ut his remediis convalescamus,

Symm. Ep. 2, 7; Aus. Ep. 16: fors fuat, an, etc., it might so happen that; perchance, i. q. forsitan, Symm. Ep. 1, 39; 4, 28 and 29; cf.

also: pretio fors fuat officiove, etc.,

perhaps, Sid. Ep. 9, 7 (but not in Lucr. 1, 486, v. Lachm. ad h. l.).—

Personified, Fors, the goddess of chance:

dea Fors,

Ov. F. 6, 775; also in the connection Fors Fortuna, whose temple was situated on the Tiber, outside of the city: vosne velit an me regnare, era quidve ferat Fors, Virtute experiamur, Enn. ap. Cic. de Off. 1, 12, 38 (Ann. v. 203 ed. Vahl.); so,

sit sane Fors domina campi,

Cic. Pis. 2, 3:

fors, in quo incerti casus significantur magis (different from Fortuna),

id. Leg. 2, 11 fin. Mos. N. cr.:

sed de illa ambulatione Fors viderit, aut si qui est qui curet deus,

id. Att. 4, 10, 1:

saeva,

Cat. 64, 170:

dies Fortis Fortunae appellatus ab Servio Tullio rege, quod is fanum Fortis Fortunae secundum Tiberim extra urbem Romam dedicavit Junio mense,

Varr. L. L. 6, § 17 Müll.; cf.;

aedis Fortis Fortunae,

Liv. 10, 46, 14; Tac. A. 2, 41:

Fortunae Fortis honores,

Ov. F. 6, 773:

o Fortuna! o Fors Fortuna! quantis commoditatibus hunc onerastis diem!

Ter. Phorm. 5, 6, 1 (quoted by Varr. ap. Non. 425, 19; for Cic. Div. 2, 7, 18, v. II. B. 1. infra).

Adverb., in the nom. and abl.

fors, ellipt., for fors sit, it might happen, i. e. perchance, perhaps, peradventure (only poet. and in post-class. prose):

similiter fors, cum sit nominativus, accipitur pro adverbio,

Prisc. p. 1015 P.:

et fors aequatis cepissent praemia rostris, Ni, etc.,

Verg. A. 5, 232; 6, 535:

cesserit Ausonio si fors victoria Turno,

if perchance, id. ib. 12, 183; Val. Fl. 3, 665; Tert. ad Uxor. 2, 2.—Esp. in the connection fors et, i. q. fortasse etiam, perhaps too:

iste quod est, ego saepe fui, sed fors et in hora Hoc ipso ejecto carior alter erit,

Prop. 2, 9, 1:

et nunc ille quidem spe multum captus inani, Fors et vota facit cumulatque altaria donis,

Verg. A. 11, 50; 2, 139:

fors et Debita jura vicesque superbae Te maneant ipsum,

Hor. C. 1, 28, 31; Stat. S. 3, 4, 4.—Less freq.:

fors etiam,

Val. Fl. 4, 620.—

forte, by chance, by accident, casually, accidentally; freq. with casu, temere, fortuna (freq. and class.).

Lit.:

quid est tandem, quod casu fieri aut forte fortuna putemus? etc.,

Cic. Div. 2, 7, 18:

forte fortuna per impluvium huc despexi in proximum,

Plaut. Mil. 2, 3, 16; Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 54; Plaut. Bacch. 4, 8, 75: aut forte omnino ac fortuna vincere bello: Si forte et temere omnino, quid cursum ad honorem? Lucil. ap. Non. 425, 16 sq.:

si forte, temere, casu aut pleraque fierent aut omnia, etc.,

Cic. Fat. 3, 6; cf.:

nisi ista casu nonnumquam, forte, temere concurrerent,

id. Div. 2, 68, 141:

quam saepe forte temere Eveniunt, quae non audeas optare,

Ter. Phorm. 5, 1, 30; cf. Liv. 41, 2, 7:

nec quicquam raptim aut forte temere egeritis,

id. 23, 3, 3: perpulere, ut forte temere in adversos montes erigeret, 2, 31, 5; 25, 38, 12;

39, 15, 11: quibus forte temere humana negotia volvi persuasum est,

Curt. 5, 11, 10:

captivi quidam pars forte pars consilio oblati,

Liv. 9, 31, 7:

dumque hoc vel forte, vel providentia, vel utcumque constitutum rerum naturae corpus, etc.,

Vell. 2, 66, 5; cf.:

mihi haec et talia audienti in incerto judicium est, fatone res mortalium et necessitate immutabili, an forte volvantur,

Tac. A, 6, 22: [p. 771] si adhuc dubium fuisset, forte casuque rectores terris, an aliquo numine darentur, Plin. Pan. 1, 4:

seu dolo seu forte surrexerit, parum compertum,

Tac. H. 2, 42; cf.:

seu forte seu tentandi causa,

Suet. Aug. 6:

donec advertit Tiberius forte an quia audiverat,

Tac. A. 4, 54:

cum casu diebus iis itineris faciendi causa, Puteolos forte venissem,

Cic. Planc. 26, 65:

cum cenatum forte apud Vitellios esset,

Liv. 2, 4, 5:

ibi cum stipendium forte militibus daretur,

id. 2, 12, 6:

forte aspicio militem,

Plaut. Curc. 2, 3, 58; cf.:

fit forte obviam mihi Phormio,

Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 11:

rus ut ibat forte,

id. ib. 63:

forte ut assedi in stega,

Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 44:

lucernam forte oblitus fueram exstinguere,

id. Most. 2, 2, 56:

forte evenit, ut, etc.,

Cic. Clu. 51, 141; id. de Or. 2, 55, 224; Liv. 1, 7, 13:

Tarenti ludi forte erant,

Plaut. Men. prol. 29:

erat forte brumae tempus,

Liv. 21, 54, 7:

et pernox forte luna erat,

id. 32, 11, 9:

per eos forte dies consul copias Larisam ducere tribunos militum jussit,

i. e. it came to pass on one of those days, id. 36, 14, 1:

per eosdem forte dies, etc.,

id. 37, 20, 1; 37, 34, 1; cf. Tac. A. 4, 59:

in locum tribuni plebis forte demortui candidatum se ostendit,

Suet. Aug. 10. —So nearly = aliquando (mostly poet. and post - Aug.):

forte per angustam tenuis vulpecula rimam repserat in cumeram frumenti,

Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 29:

ibam forte via sacra,

id. S. 1, 9, 1; Mart. 1, 54, 7:

forte quondam in disponendo mane die praedixerat, etc.,

Suet. Tib. 11; Aur. Vict. de Caes. 17, 5.—

Transf., to denote uncertainty, corresp. to the Gr. an, perhaps, perchance, peradventure.

In conditional and causal sentences.

With si:

irae si quae forte eveniunt hujusmodi,

Plaut. Am. 3, 2, 60:

si quis vestrum, judices, aut eorum qui assunt, forte miratur, etc.,

Cic. Div. in Caecil. 1, 1:

hicine vir usquam, nisi in patria, morietur? aut, si forte, pro patria?

id. Mil. 38, 104:

si forte est domi,

Plaut. Bacch. 3, 5, 4; cf. id. Poen. 5, 2, 104; Liv. 1, 7, 6:

si forte eos primus aspectus mundi conturbaverat, etc.,

Cic. N. D. 2, 35, 90:

si te Latina forte deficient,

id. Ac. 1, 7, 25:

si qui me forte locus admonuerit,

id. de Or. 3, 12, 47:

si quae te forte res aliquando offenderit,

id. Fam. 7, 17, 2:

quod si forte ceciderint,

id. Lael. 15, 53:

si quando, si forte, tibi visus es irasci alicui,

id. Rep. 1, 38 Mos. N. cr.; cf. id. de Or. 3, 12, 47.—Rarely forte si:

forte si tussire occepsit, ne sic tussiat, ut, etc.,

Plaut. As. 4, 1, 49:

ita demum novatio fit... forte si condicio vel sponsor vel dies adiciatur,

Gai. Inst. 3, 177.—Rarely with ellipsis of si:

protinus Aeneas celeri certare sagitta invitat qui forte velint, i. e. si qui forte velint,

Verg. A, 5, 485.—

With nisi ironically:

hoc te monitum, nisi forte ipse non vis, volueram,

Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 59:

nemo fere saltat sobrius, nisi forte insanit,

Cic. Mur. 6, 13:

propensior benignitas esse debebit in calamitosos, nisi forte erunt digni calamitate,

id. Off. 2, 18, 62; 3, 24, 93: is constantiam teneat;

nisi forte se intellexerit errasse, etc.,

id. ib. 1, 33, 120:

negare hoc, nisi forte negare omnia constituisti, nullo modo potes,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 64, § 149: accedam ad omnia tua, Torquate;

nisi memoria forte defecerit,

id. Fin. 2, 14, 44.—In indirect locution with an inf.:

nisi forte clarissimo cuique plures curas, majora pericula subeunda, delenimentis curarum et periculorum carendum esse,

Tac. A. 2, 33.— Ironically, unless indeed, unless to be sure:

Erucii criminatio tota, ut arbitror, dissoluta est, nisi forte exspectatis, ut illa diluam, quae, etc.,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 29, 82; cf.:

immo vero te audiamus, nisi forte Manilius interdictum aliquod inter duo soles putat esse componendum,

id. Rep. 1, 13:

ortum quidem amicitiae videtis nisi quid ad haec forte vultis,

id. Lael. 9, 32; id. Mil. 7, 17; 31, 84; id. Verr. 2, 3, 64, § 149; id. Leg. 1, 1, 2; id. N. D. 3, 18, 45; id. Fat. 16, 37; Sall. C. 20, 17; Quint. 10, 1, 70; Tac. H. 4, 74.—

With ne:

ne quid animae forte amittat dormiens,

Plaut. Aul. 2, 4, 24 and 26; Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 56:

pacem ab Aesculapio Petas, ne forte tibi eveniat magnum malum,

Plaut. Curc. 2, 2, 21:

qui metuo, ne te forte flagitent,

Cic. Fam. 9, 8, 1:

metuens, ne forte deprehensus retraheretur,

Liv. 2, 12, 4:

comperisse me non audeo dicere, ne forte id ipsum verbum ponam, quod, etc.,

Cic. Fam. 5, 5, 2; id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 2, § 4: ac ne forte hoc magnum ac mirabile esse videatur, hominem toties irasci, id. de Or. 2, 46, 191; id. Att. 2, 18, 2.—Rarely with ut non instead of ne, Quint. 1, 3, 1.—

In relat. clauses (very rare):

nisi si quispiamst Amphitruo alius, qui forte te hic absente tamen tuam rem curet,

Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 195:

unus in hoc non est populo, qui forte Latine reddere verba queat,

Ov. Tr. 5, 7, 53:

nam qui forte Stichum et Erotem emerit, recte videtur ita demonstrare,

Gai. Inst. 4, 59; Aur. Vict. Caes. 10, 3; 39, 45.—

In gen. (rare; not in Cic., for in Off. 2, 20, 70, the true read. is: in uno illo aut, si forte, in liberis ejus manet gratia, B. and K.;

and in the corrupt passage,

id. Att. 10, 12, 5; Orelli reads: fortiter ac tempestive;

Kayser, fortiter vel cum tempestate): quid si apud te veniat de subito prandium aut potatio Forte, aut cena,

Plaut. Bacch. 1, 1, 47:

neque solum alium pro alio pedem metrorum ratio non recipit, sed ne dactylum quidem aut forte spondeum alterum pro altero,

Quint. 9, 4, 49:

sive non trino forte nundino promulgata, sive non idoneo die, etc.,

id. 2, 4, 35:

ut sciant, an ad probandum id quod intendimus forte respondeant,

id. 5, 10, 122; cf. id. 7, 3, 20: quo casu licet uxori vel in omnes res, vel in unam forte aut duas (optare), Gai Inst. 1, 150; 4, 74:

forte quid expediat, communiter aut melior pars Malis carere quaeritis laboribus,

what may perhaps be of some use, Hor. Epod. 16, 15:

alii nulli rem obligatam esse quam forte Lucio Titio,

than for instance, Dig. 20, 1, 15, § 2; 30, 1, 67; 48, 22, 7, § 6; Gai. Inst. 3, 179.

fors, fortis, f. [fero, to bring, whence fortuna, v. Curt. Gr. Etym. p. 300 sq.], chance, hap, luck, hazard.

Subst.

As an appellative noun (used only in the nom. and abl.; syn.: fortuna, casus, sors): quo saxum impulerit fors, eo cadere Fortunam autumant, Pac. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 23, 36 (Trag. Rel. v. 368 Rib., who regards this verse as spurious); cf.: quibus natura prava magis quam fors aut fortuna obfuit, Att. ap. Non. 425, 13 (Trag. Rel. ed. Rib. v. 110): cui parilem fortuna locum fatumque tulit fors, Lucil. ap. Non. 425, 15; cf.

also: casumque timent quem cuique ferat fors,

Lucr. 3, 983 Lachm. N. cr.:

unum hoc scio: Quod fors feret, feremus aequo animo,

Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 88:

sed haec, ut fors tulerit,

Cic. Att. 7, 14 fin.:

sed haec fors viderit,

id. ib. 14, 13, 3;

4, 10, 1: quam sibi sortem Seu ratio dederit, seu fors objecerit,

Hor. S. 1, 1, 2:

quia tam incommode illis fors obtulerat adventum meum,

Ter. Hec. 3, 3, 10:

telum quod cuique fors offerebat, arripuit,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 43; Hor. S. 1, 6, 54; 2, 1, 59:

forte quadam divinitus super ripas Tiberis effusus lenibus stagnis,

Liv. 1, 4, 4:

fors fuit, ut, etc.,

it happened that, Gell. 12, 8, 2:

fors fuat pol!

so be it! God grant it! Ter. Hec. 4, 3, 4;

post-class.: fors fuat, ut his remediis convalescamus,

Symm. Ep. 2, 7; Aus. Ep. 16: fors fuat, an, etc., it might so happen that; perchance, i. q. forsitan, Symm. Ep. 1, 39; 4, 28 and 29; cf.

also: pretio fors fuat officiove, etc.,

perhaps, Sid. Ep. 9, 7 (but not in Lucr. 1, 486, v. Lachm. ad h. l.).—

Personified, Fors, the goddess of chance:

dea Fors,

Ov. F. 6, 775; also in the connection Fors Fortuna, whose temple was situated on the Tiber, outside of the city: vosne velit an me regnare, era quidve ferat Fors, Virtute experiamur, Enn. ap. Cic. de Off. 1, 12, 38 (Ann. v. 203 ed. Vahl.); so,

sit sane Fors domina campi,

Cic. Pis. 2, 3:

fors, in quo incerti casus significantur magis (different from Fortuna),

id. Leg. 2, 11 fin. Mos. N. cr.:

sed de illa ambulatione Fors viderit, aut si qui est qui curet deus,

id. Att. 4, 10, 1:

saeva,

Cat. 64, 170:

dies Fortis Fortunae appellatus ab Servio Tullio rege, quod is fanum Fortis Fortunae secundum Tiberim extra urbem Romam dedicavit Junio mense,

Varr. L. L. 6, § 17 Müll.; cf.;

aedis Fortis Fortunae,

Liv. 10, 46, 14; Tac. A. 2, 41:

Fortunae Fortis honores,

Ov. F. 6, 773:

o Fortuna! o Fors Fortuna! quantis commoditatibus hunc onerastis diem!

Ter. Phorm. 5, 6, 1 (quoted by Varr. ap. Non. 425, 19; for Cic. Div. 2, 7, 18, v. II. B. 1. infra).

Adverb., in the nom. and abl.

fors, ellipt., for fors sit, it might happen, i. e. perchance, perhaps, peradventure (only poet. and in post-class. prose):

similiter fors, cum sit nominativus, accipitur pro adverbio,

Prisc. p. 1015 P.:

et fors aequatis cepissent praemia rostris, Ni, etc.,

Verg. A. 5, 232; 6, 535:

cesserit Ausonio si fors victoria Turno,

if perchance, id. ib. 12, 183; Val. Fl. 3, 665; Tert. ad Uxor. 2, 2.—Esp. in the connection fors et, i. q. fortasse etiam, perhaps too:

iste quod est, ego saepe fui, sed fors et in hora Hoc ipso ejecto carior alter erit,

Prop. 2, 9, 1:

et nunc ille quidem spe multum captus inani, Fors et vota facit cumulatque altaria donis,

Verg. A. 11, 50; 2, 139:

fors et Debita jura vicesque superbae Te maneant ipsum,

Hor. C. 1, 28, 31; Stat. S. 3, 4, 4.—Less freq.:

fors etiam,

Val. Fl. 4, 620.—

forte, by chance, by accident, casually, accidentally; freq. with casu, temere, fortuna (freq. and class.).

Lit.:

quid est tandem, quod casu fieri aut forte fortuna putemus? etc.,

Cic. Div. 2, 7, 18:

forte fortuna per impluvium huc despexi in proximum,

Plaut. Mil. 2, 3, 16; Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 54; Plaut. Bacch. 4, 8, 75: aut forte omnino ac fortuna vincere bello: Si forte et temere omnino, quid cursum ad honorem? Lucil. ap. Non. 425, 16 sq.:

si forte, temere, casu aut pleraque fierent aut omnia, etc.,

Cic. Fat. 3, 6; cf.:

nisi ista casu nonnumquam, forte, temere concurrerent,

id. Div. 2, 68, 141:

quam saepe forte temere Eveniunt, quae non audeas optare,

Ter. Phorm. 5, 1, 30; cf. Liv. 41, 2, 7:

nec quicquam raptim aut forte temere egeritis,

id. 23, 3, 3: perpulere, ut forte temere in adversos montes erigeret, 2, 31, 5; 25, 38, 12;

39, 15, 11: quibus forte temere humana negotia volvi persuasum est,

Curt. 5, 11, 10:

captivi quidam pars forte pars consilio oblati,

Liv. 9, 31, 7:

dumque hoc vel forte, vel providentia, vel utcumque constitutum rerum naturae corpus, etc.,

Vell. 2, 66, 5; cf.:

mihi haec et talia audienti in incerto judicium est, fatone res mortalium et necessitate immutabili, an forte volvantur,

Tac. A, 6, 22: [p. 771] si adhuc dubium fuisset, forte casuque rectores terris, an aliquo numine darentur, Plin. Pan. 1, 4:

seu dolo seu forte surrexerit, parum compertum,

Tac. H. 2, 42; cf.:

seu forte seu tentandi causa,

Suet. Aug. 6:

donec advertit Tiberius forte an quia audiverat,

Tac. A. 4, 54:

cum casu diebus iis itineris faciendi causa, Puteolos forte venissem,

Cic. Planc. 26, 65:

cum cenatum forte apud Vitellios esset,

Liv. 2, 4, 5:

ibi cum stipendium forte militibus daretur,

id. 2, 12, 6:

forte aspicio militem,

Plaut. Curc. 2, 3, 58; cf.:

fit forte obviam mihi Phormio,

Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 11:

rus ut ibat forte,

id. ib. 63:

forte ut assedi in stega,

Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 44:

lucernam forte oblitus fueram exstinguere,

id. Most. 2, 2, 56:

forte evenit, ut, etc.,

Cic. Clu. 51, 141; id. de Or. 2, 55, 224; Liv. 1, 7, 13:

Tarenti ludi forte erant,

Plaut. Men. prol. 29:

erat forte brumae tempus,

Liv. 21, 54, 7:

et pernox forte luna erat,

id. 32, 11, 9:

per eos forte dies consul copias Larisam ducere tribunos militum jussit,

i. e. it came to pass on one of those days, id. 36, 14, 1:

per eosdem forte dies, etc.,

id. 37, 20, 1; 37, 34, 1; cf. Tac. A. 4, 59:

in locum tribuni plebis forte demortui candidatum se ostendit,

Suet. Aug. 10. —So nearly = aliquando (mostly poet. and post - Aug.):

forte per angustam tenuis vulpecula rimam repserat in cumeram frumenti,

Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 29:

ibam forte via sacra,

id. S. 1, 9, 1; Mart. 1, 54, 7:

forte quondam in disponendo mane die praedixerat, etc.,

Suet. Tib. 11; Aur. Vict. de Caes. 17, 5.—

Transf., to denote uncertainty, corresp. to the Gr. an, perhaps, perchance, peradventure.

In conditional and causal sentences.

With si:

irae si quae forte eveniunt hujusmodi,

Plaut. Am. 3, 2, 60:

si quis vestrum, judices, aut eorum qui assunt, forte miratur, etc.,

Cic. Div. in Caecil. 1, 1:

hicine vir usquam, nisi in patria, morietur? aut, si forte, pro patria?

id. Mil. 38, 104:

si forte est domi,

Plaut. Bacch. 3, 5, 4; cf. id. Poen. 5, 2, 104; Liv. 1, 7, 6:

si forte eos primus aspectus mundi conturbaverat, etc.,

Cic. N. D. 2, 35, 90:

si te Latina forte deficient,

id. Ac. 1, 7, 25:

si qui me forte locus admonuerit,

id. de Or. 3, 12, 47:

si quae te forte res aliquando offenderit,

id. Fam. 7, 17, 2:

quod si forte ceciderint,

id. Lael. 15, 53:

si quando, si forte, tibi visus es irasci alicui,

id. Rep. 1, 38 Mos. N. cr.; cf. id. de Or. 3, 12, 47.—Rarely forte si:

forte si tussire occepsit, ne sic tussiat, ut, etc.,

Plaut. As. 4, 1, 49:

ita demum novatio fit... forte si condicio vel sponsor vel dies adiciatur,

Gai. Inst. 3, 177.—Rarely with ellipsis of si:

protinus Aeneas celeri certare sagitta invitat qui forte velint, i. e. si qui forte velint,

Verg. A, 5, 485.—

With nisi ironically:

hoc te monitum, nisi forte ipse non vis, volueram,

Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 59:

nemo fere saltat sobrius, nisi forte insanit,

Cic. Mur. 6, 13:

propensior benignitas esse debebit in calamitosos, nisi forte erunt digni calamitate,

id. Off. 2, 18, 62; 3, 24, 93: is constantiam teneat;

nisi forte se intellexerit errasse, etc.,

id. ib. 1, 33, 120:

negare hoc, nisi forte negare omnia constituisti, nullo modo potes,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 64, § 149: accedam ad omnia tua, Torquate;

nisi memoria forte defecerit,

id. Fin. 2, 14, 44.—In indirect locution with an inf.:

nisi forte clarissimo cuique plures curas, majora pericula subeunda, delenimentis curarum et periculorum carendum esse,

Tac. A. 2, 33.— Ironically, unless indeed, unless to be sure:

Erucii criminatio tota, ut arbitror, dissoluta est, nisi forte exspectatis, ut illa diluam, quae, etc.,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 29, 82; cf.:

immo vero te audiamus, nisi forte Manilius interdictum aliquod inter duo soles putat esse componendum,

id. Rep. 1, 13:

ortum quidem amicitiae videtis nisi quid ad haec forte vultis,

id. Lael. 9, 32; id. Mil. 7, 17; 31, 84; id. Verr. 2, 3, 64, § 149; id. Leg. 1, 1, 2; id. N. D. 3, 18, 45; id. Fat. 16, 37; Sall. C. 20, 17; Quint. 10, 1, 70; Tac. H. 4, 74.—

With ne:

ne quid animae forte amittat dormiens,

Plaut. Aul. 2, 4, 24 and 26; Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 56:

pacem ab Aesculapio Petas, ne forte tibi eveniat magnum malum,

Plaut. Curc. 2, 2, 21:

qui metuo, ne te forte flagitent,

Cic. Fam. 9, 8, 1:

metuens, ne forte deprehensus retraheretur,

Liv. 2, 12, 4:

comperisse me non audeo dicere, ne forte id ipsum verbum ponam, quod, etc.,

Cic. Fam. 5, 5, 2; id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 2, § 4: ac ne forte hoc magnum ac mirabile esse videatur, hominem toties irasci, id. de Or. 2, 46, 191; id. Att. 2, 18, 2.—Rarely with ut non instead of ne, Quint. 1, 3, 1.—

In relat. clauses (very rare):

nisi si quispiamst Amphitruo alius, qui forte te hic absente tamen tuam rem curet,

Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 195:

unus in hoc non est populo, qui forte Latine reddere verba queat,

Ov. Tr. 5, 7, 53:

nam qui forte Stichum et Erotem emerit, recte videtur ita demonstrare,

Gai. Inst. 4, 59; Aur. Vict. Caes. 10, 3; 39, 45.—

In gen. (rare; not in Cic., for in Off. 2, 20, 70, the true read. is: in uno illo aut, si forte, in liberis ejus manet gratia, B. and K.;

and in the corrupt passage,

id. Att. 10, 12, 5; Orelli reads: fortiter ac tempestive;

Kayser, fortiter vel cum tempestate): quid si apud te veniat de subito prandium aut potatio Forte, aut cena,

Plaut. Bacch. 1, 1, 47:

neque solum alium pro alio pedem metrorum ratio non recipit, sed ne dactylum quidem aut forte spondeum alterum pro altero,

Quint. 9, 4, 49:

sive non trino forte nundino promulgata, sive non idoneo die, etc.,

id. 2, 4, 35:

ut sciant, an ad probandum id quod intendimus forte respondeant,

id. 5, 10, 122; cf. id. 7, 3, 20: quo casu licet uxori vel in omnes res, vel in unam forte aut duas (optare), Gai Inst. 1, 150; 4, 74:

forte quid expediat, communiter aut melior pars Malis carere quaeritis laboribus,

what may perhaps be of some use, Hor. Epod. 16, 15:

alii nulli rem obligatam esse quam forte Lucio Titio,

than for instance, Dig. 20, 1, 15, § 2; 30, 1, 67; 48, 22, 7, § 6; Gai. Inst. 3, 179.

ūtor (old form oetor, oesus, etc., from oitor, oisus, Lex. Thor. lin. 11; inf. parag. oetier, Rogat. Tribun. ap. Fest. p. 246 Müll.; Cic. Leg. 3, 4), ūsus ( inf. utier, Plaut. Cas. 2, 3, 4; Ter. Phorm. 4, 2, 13), 3, v. dep. [etym. dub.].

Prop., to use.

With abl.

To make use of, employ: cave... ne tibi hoc scipione malum magnum dem. Paeg. Jam utere eo, Plaut. Pers. 5, 2, 36: Th. Oh Epidicumne ego conspicor? Ep. Certe oculis utere, Plaut. Ep. 1, 1, 4:

hoc oculo,

id. Mil. 4, 7, 25:

sola potest animi per se natura... durare et sensibus uti,

Lucr. 3, 560:

de rebus ipsis utere tuo judicio,

Cic. Off. 1, 1, 2:

utinam, quem ad modum oratione sum usurus alienā, sic mihi ore uti liceret alieno,

id. Rep. 3, 5, 8:

utor neque perantiquis neque inhumanis ac feris testibus,

cite, appeal to, id. ib. 1, 37, 58:

neque enim accusatore muto neque teste quisquam utitur eo, qui de accusatoris subsellio surgit,

id. Rosc. Am. 36, 104:

num argumentis utendum in re ejus modi?

id. Verr. 2, 4, 6, § 11:

mancipium, quo et omnes utimur, et non praebetur a populo,

id. ib. 2, 4, 5, §

9: quo interprete non ad linguam Graecam, sed ad furta et flagitia uti solebat,

id. ib. 2, 3, 37, §

84: ut postea numquam dextro (oculo) aeque bene usus sit,

Nep. Hann. 4, 3:

si licet exemplis in parvo grandibus uti,

Ov. Tr. 1, 3, 25:

viribus utendum est, quas fecimus,

Luc. 1, 347.—With ad: ad eam rem usus est tuā mihi operā Sa. Utere, ut vis, Plaut. Pers. 2, 5, 27:

earum (navium) materiā atque aere ad reliquas reficiendas utebatur,

Caes. B. G. 4, 31:

administris ad ea sacrificia Druidibus,

id. ib. 6, 16:

ut eā potestate ad quaestum uteretur,

Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 3, § 11:

ad quam rem (deus) motu mentis ac ratione utatur,

id. N. D. 1, 37, 104.—With pro:

utuntur aut aere aut taleis ferreis ad certum pondus examinatis pro nummo,

Caes. B. G. 5, 12.—

Esp.

To manage, control, wield:

bene ut armis, optime ut equis uteretur,

Cic. Deiot. 10, 28:

nemo est quin eo ipso (equo), quo consuevit, libentius utatur quam intractato,

id. Lael. 19, 68.—

To spend, use:

velim cum illā videas ut sit qui utamur (sc. pecunia),

Cic. Att. 11, 11, 2:

tantis vectigalibus ad liberalitatem utens,

id. Fin. 2, 26, 84:

cum horis nostris nos essemus usi,

spent, exhausted, id. Verr. 2, 1, 11, § 30.— Absol.:

notum et quaerere et uti,

Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 57.—

To wear:

pellibus aut parvis renonum tegimentis utuntur, magnā corporis parte nudā,

Caes. B. G. 6, 21 fin.:

ne insignibus quidem regiis Tullus nisi jussu populi est ausus uti,

Cic. Rep. 2, 17, 31.—

To accept, adopt:

eā condicione, quae a Caesare ferretur, se usuros ostendebant,

Caes. B. G. 4, 11:

praeposteris enim utimur consiliis et acta agimus,

Cic. Lael. 22, 85.—

To resort to, consult:

neque Vectium ad se arcessit, quaestorem suum, cujus consilio uteretur,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 44, § 114:

oraculo,

Tac. A. 2, 54.—

Of a form or style of speech, sentiment, etc., to make, adopt, employ:

sermonibus morologis utier,

Plaut. Ps. 5, 1, 21:

si provincia loqui posset, hac voce uteretur,

Cic. Div. in Caecin. 5, 19:

hac unā defensione,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 4, § 8:

haec oratio, quā me uti res publica coëgit,

id. Rosc. Am. 49, 143:

cum hortatione non egeas, non utar eā pluribus verbis,

id. Fam. 11, 5, 3:

illa criminatio, quā in me absentem usus est,

id. Agr. 3, 1, 3.—

To perform, exercise, practise, etc.:

crucior, patrem... nunc inprobi viri officio uti,

Plaut. Stich. 1, 1, 14:

eādem nos disciplinā utimur,

id. As. 1, 3, 49; cf.:

nec vero habere virtutem satis est quasi artem aliquam, nisi utare: etsi ars quidem, cum eā non utare, scientiā ipsā teneri potest,

Cic. Rep. 1, 2, 2:

diuturni silentii, quo eram his temporibus usus, finem hodiernus dies attulit,

observed, kept, id. Marcell. 1, 1:

eos (senes) ego fortasse nunc imitor et utor aetatis vitio,

id. Fam. 2, 16, 6:

ratione utuntur,

exercise moderation, Plaut. Cas. prol. 27:

ut anteponantur... ratione utentia rationis expertibus,

Cic. Top. 18, 69:

ne tu, leno, postules Te hic fide lenoniā uti: non potis,

Plaut. Rud. 5, 3, 30:

viribus uteris per clivos,

Hor. Ep. 1, 13, 10.—With adverb. acc.:

ut hoc utimur maxime more moro multum,

Plaut. Men. 4, 2, 1:

ita aperte ipsam rem locutus nil circuitione usus es,

Ter. And. 1, 2, 31.—

In gen., to use, enjoy, profit by, take advantage of, etc.: otio qui nescit uti plus negoti habet, quam, etc., Enn. ap. Gell. 19, 20, 12 (Trag. Rel. v. 252 Vahl.): sinite... eodem ut jure uti senem Liceat, quo jure sum usus adulescentior, i. e. enjoy, exercise, Ter. Hec. prol. alt. 2:

commodius esse opinor duplici spe utier,

id. Phorm. 4, 2, 13:

serius a terrā provectae naves neque usae nocturnā aurā in redeundo offenderunt,

Caes. B. C. 3, 8:

commoda quibus utimur lucemque quā fruimur ab eo nobis dari,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 45, 131:

in maximo meo dolore hoc solacio utor, quod, etc.,

id. Fam. 11, 26 init.: usus est hoc cupidine, tamdiu, dum, etc., had the use of, i. e. borrowed, id. Verr. 2, 4, 3, § 6; cf.

I. B. 2. infra: utatur suis bonis oportet et fruatur, qui beatus futurus est,

id. N. D. 1, 37, 103:

propter nauticarum rerum scientiam plurimisque maritimis rebus fruimur atque utimur,

id. ib. 2, 60, 152:

si fortunā permittitis uti,

to try, take advantage of, Verg. A. 9, 240:

nostrā utere amicitiā, ut voles,

Ter. Hec. 5, 1, 38; cf.:

decet hunc ordinem... bene utier amicitiā,

Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 24:

libertate modice utantur,

Liv. 34, 49, 8:

deorum Muneribus sapienter uti,

Hor. C. 4, 9, 48:

Ofellam Integris opibus novi non latius usum Quam nunc accisis,

id. S. 2, 2, 113:

quia parvo nesciet uti,

id. Ep. 1, 10, 41:

temporibus sapienter utens,

taking advantage of, Nep. Epam. 3, 1.—Prov.: foro uti, to make one's market, i. e. accommodate one's prices, actions, etc., to circumstances, take advantage of events:

scisti uti foro,

Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 29.— Absol.:

opportunae sunt divitiae ut utare (sc. eis),

Cic. Lael. 6, 22.— With adverb. acc.:

ne Silius quidem quicquam utitur (sc. suis hortis),

Cic. Att. 12, 22, 3. —

Of passions, traits of character, etc., to indulge, practise, exercise, yield to, etc.:

inter nos amore utemur semper subrepticio?

Plaut. Curc. 1, 3, 49:

alacritate ac studio,

Caes. B. G. 4, 24:

severitas, quā tu in iis rebus usus es,

Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 6, § 19:

usus est ipse incredibili patientiā,

id. Phil. 1, 4, 9: ego pervicaciam (esse hanc) aio, et eā me uti volo, Att. ap. Non. 433, 1 (Trag. Rel. v. 5 Rib.):

dementer amoribus usa,

Ov. M. 4, 259.—With in and acc.:

ut suā clementiā ac mansuetudine in eos utatur,

Caes. B. G. 2, 14.—

To experience, undergo, receive, enjoy, etc., ne simili utamur fortunā atque usi sumus, Quom, etc., Ter. Phorm. prol. 31:

hoc honore usi togati solent esse,

Cic. Phil. 8, 11, 32:

homines amplissimis usos honoribus,

id. Fl. 19, 45:

nobiles amplis honoribus usi,

Sall. J. 25, 4:

neminem curuli honore usum praeterierunt,

Liv. 34, 44, 4:

primus externorum usus illo honore quem majores Latio quoque negaverint,

Plin. 7, 43, 44, § 136: quoniam semel est odio civiliter usus, Ov. Tr. 3, 8, 41.—

To use as food or medicine, to take, drink, etc.:

lacte mero veteres usi memorantur et herbis,

Ov. F. 4, 369:

aquis frigidis,

Cels. 1, 1:

antidoto,

Scrib. Comp. 171:

medicamento,

id. ib. 228:

vino modice,

Cels. 8, 11:

ex altero (loco, i. e. ex lacu) ut pecus uti possit (sc. aquā),

Varr. R. R. 1, 11, 2.—

With the thing used, etc., as direct obj. (class. only in gerund. constr.; v. infra): nuptias abjeci, amicos utor primoris viros, Turp. ap. Non. p. 497, 15 (Com. Rel. v. 164 Rib.):

facilitatem vulgariam,

Nov. ib. 481, 21 (Com. Rel. v. 98 ib.):

res pulchras, quas uti solet,

id. ib. 500, 16 (Com. Rel. v. 69 ib.):

ita uti eum oportet libertatem,

Titin. ib. 481, 19 (Com. Rel. v. 98 ib.):

cetera quae volumus uti Graecā mercamur fide,

Plaut. As. 1, 3, 47:

dic mihi, an boni quid usquam'st, quod quisquam uti possiet,

id. Merc. 1, 2, 37:

diutine uti bene licet partum bene,

id. Rud. 4, 7, 15:

profecto uteris ut voles operam meam,

id. Poen. 5, 2, 128:

mea, quae praeter spem evenere, utantur sine,

Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 29:

BALINEVM... QVOD VSI FVERANT AMPLIVS ANNIS XXXX.,

Inscr. Orell. 202: si quid est, quod utar, utor: si non est, egeo, Cato ap. Gell. 13, 23, 1:

oleam albam, quam voles uti, condito,

id. R. R. 118:

quam rem etiam nomine eodem medici utuntur,

Varr. R. R. 3, 16, 23:

ferrum,

Aur. Vict. Caes. 17, 4.—

Hence, esp. gerund. in phrases dare utendum, to lend; recipere or rogare or petere utendum, to borrow, etc. (class.;

freq. in Plaut.): quod datum utendum'st,

Plaut. Trin. 5, 2, 7:

quae utenda vasa semper vicini rogant,

id. Aul. 1, 2, 18; 2, 4, 32; 2, 9, 4; id. Pers. 1, 3, 47 sq.; id. Mil. 2, 3, 76; id. Rud. 3, 1, 10: auris tibi contra utendas dabo, Enn. ap. Non. 506, 1 (Trag. Rel. v. 364 Vahl.); Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 81:

quae bona is Heraclio omnia utenda ac possidenda tradiderat,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 18, § 46:

te, quod utendum acceperis, reddidisse,

id. Tusc. 3, 17, 36:

multa rogant utenda dari, data reddere nolunt,

Ov. A. A. 1, 433.—

Transf. (through the intermediate idea of having and using).

Pregn., to enjoy the friendship of any one; to be familiar or intimate with, to associate with a person.

With abl:

his Fabriciis semper est usus Oppianicus familiarissime,

Cic. Clu. 16, 46:

quā (Caeciliā) pater usus erat plurimum,

id. Rosc. Am. 11, 27:

Trebonio multos annos utor valde familiariter,

id. Fam. 1, 3, 1:

Lucceius qui multum utitur Bruto,

id. Att. 16, 5, 3:

utere Pompeio Grospho,

Hor. Ep. 1, 12, 22:

quo pacto deceat majoribus uti,

id. ib. 1, 17, 2:

si sciret regibus uti,

ib. ib. 14:

ita me verebatur ut me formatore morum, me quasi magistro uteretur,

Plin. Ep. 8, 23, 2.—

With acc.:

vilica vicinas aliasque mulieres quam minimum utatur,

Cato, R. R. 143, 1.—

To be in possession of a thing, esp. to have, hold, or find a thing in some particular mode or character; with abl.:

mihi si unquam filius erit, ne ille facili me utetur patre,

he shall find an indulgent father in me, Ter. Heaut. 2, 1, 5; cf.:

patre usus est diligente et diti,

Nep. Att. 1, 2:

bonis justisque regibus,

Cic. Rep. 1, 33, 50:

quae (sc. libertas) non in eo est, ut justo utamur domino, sed ut nullo,

id. ib. 2, 23, 43; cf. id. Fin. 1, 1, 2:

hic vide quam me sis usurus aequo,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 59, § 154:

ut is illis benignis usus est ad commodandum,

id. ib. 2, 4, 3, §

6: ne bestiis quoque immanioribus uteremur,

id. Rosc. Am. 26, 71:

me Capitolinus convictore usus amicoque A puero est,

Hor. S. 1, 4, 95:

uteris monitoribus isdem,

id. Ep. 2, 2, 154:

valetudine non bonā,

Caes. B. C. 3, 49:

quo (sc. Philoctete) successore sagittae Herculis utuntur,

Ov. M. 13, 52.— Absol.:

nam pol placidum te et clementem eo usque modo ut volui usus sum in alto (= placidum te esse ut volui, sic te usus sum),

Plaut. Trin. 4, 1, 8.—Hence, P. a.: ūtens, ntis, m., possessing, that possesses:

utentior sane sit,

i. e. a larger possessor, richer, Cic. Off. 2, 20, 71.

vānus, a, um, adj. [etym. dub.; cf. vaco], that contains nothing, empty, void. vacant.

Lit. (rare;

not in Cic.): sed illos Exspectata seges vanis elusit aristis,

Verg. G. 1, 226:

leve ac vanum granum,

Col. 2, 9, 13:

ne vana urbis magnitudo esset,

Liv. 1, 8, 5:

vanior jam erat hostium acies,

id. 2, 47, 4:

videtis ordines raros, cornua extenta, mediam aciem vanam et exhaustam,

Curt. 4, 14, 14:

vanam aciem esse ratus,

i. e. thin, weak, id. 4, 14, 8: non vanae redeat sanguis imagini, i. e. to the shade of the dead (so called as being without a body), Hor. C. 1, 24, 15; 3, 27, 41.—

Trop., empty as to purport or result, idle, null, groundless, unmeaning, fruitless, vain (freq. and class.): omnes dant consilium vanum, Enn. ap. Front. Ep. 2, 13 (Trag. Rel. v. 419 Vahl.):

falsum aut vanum aut fictum (opp. vera),

Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 24:

oratio,

Cic. Lael. 26, 98: vana quaedam atque inania polliceri. id. Planc. 42, 101:

vana falsaque,

Plin. 30, 2, 5, §

14: res tumida, vana, ventosa,

Sen. Ep. 84, 11:

orationi vanae crediderunt,

idle, delusive, Cic. Rosc. Am. 40, 117:

non bellum sed vanam imaginem belli insedisse,

Liv. 3, 16, 5:

verba,

Ov. M. 13, 263:

convicia,

id. ib. 9, 303:

historiae,

Quint. 1, 8, 20:

argumentum,

id. 7, 2, 34:

error,

Lucr. 1, 1068:

agitatio armorum,

Liv. 7, 10, 8:

metus,

Hor. C. 1, 23, 3; Ov. H. 16, 342:

gaudia,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 188:

spes,

Ov. M. 14, 364:

ira,

Val. Fl. 8, 374; Liv. 1, 10, 4:

fides,

Verg. A. 4, 12:

omen,

Ov. M. 2, 597:

vox auguris,

id. ib. 3, 349:

cuspis,

id. ib. 8, 346:

pila omnia,

Liv. 7, 23, 8:

pleraque tela,

id. 30, 10, 13:

ensis,

id. 7, 10, 9:

ictus,

id. 34, 39, 2:

promissa,

Tac. A. 3, 16:

vana et irrita testamenta,

Suet. Calig. 38:

vaniore dicendi genere inflata (gens),

Quint. 12, 10, 17:

sententiarum vanissimus strepitus,

Petr. 1.—With abl.:

postquam equestris pugna effectu quam conatibus vanior erat,

Liv. 7, 7, 8:

oratio non suis vana laudibus, non crimine alieno laeta,

id. 4, 41, 1.—

Subst.: vānum, i, n., emptiness, nothingness, naught:

ad vanum et irritum redacta victoria,

brought to nothing, Liv. 26, 37, 8:

nec tota ex vano criminatio erat,

i. e. groundless, without cause, id. 33, 31, 4:

ex vano habere spem,

id. 27, 26, 1:

cedit labor in vanum,

Sen. Hippol. 182. — Plur.:

haud vana adtulere,

Liv. 4, 37, 6.— Neutr. plur. adverb.:

ut vidit (Arruntem) laetantem animis ac vana tumentem,

i. e. vainly, with vain show, Verg. A. 11, 854.—With gen.:

corruptus vanis rerum,

Hor. S. 2, 2, 25:

vana rumoris,

Tac. A. 4, 59.—

Vanum est, with subject-clause:

vanum arbitror esse circa canis ortum angues candidos membranam eam exuere,

Plin. 30, 3, 8, § 25.—

Transf., of persons, false, lying, deceptive, delusive, untrustworthy:

vanus et perfidiosus et impius,

false, Cic. Quint. 6, 26:

vanus mendaxque,

Verg. A. 2, 80:

haruspices,

Cic. Div. 1, 19, 36:

haec mihi non vani (neque erat cur fallere vellent) Narravere senes,

i. e. veracious, Ov. M. 8, 721; cf.:

ingenium dictatoris,

Liv. 1, 27, 1:

vane Ligus frustraque animis elate superbis,

Verg. A. 11, 715:

vir omnium vanissimus,

Vell. 2, 30, 1:

invidia vulgi vanum ingenium dictatoris corrupit,

weak, wavering, Liv. 1, 27, 1:

ne irrisus ac vanus iisdem castris assideret, etc.,

in vain, Tac. H. 2, 22 fin. —With gen.:

aut ego (i. e. Juno) veri Vana feror,

Verg. A. 10, 631:

voti vanus,

i. e. deceived, Sil. 12, 261:

turba vana sanctitudinis,

App. de Deo Socr. p. 43, 1.—

Esp., vainglorious, ostentatious, boastful, vain:

Cn. Lentulus perincertum stolidior an vanior,

Sall. H. 4, 35 Dietsch ad loc.:

laudare se vani, vituperare stulti est,

Val. Max. 7, 2, ext. 8.—With abl.:

hunc ingenio vanum Aetoli inpulerant in spem regni,

Liv. 35, 47, 7.—Hence, adv.: vānē, idly, vainly (post-class.):

vane gaudere,

Tert. Apol. 49:

vanius excogitatum,

App. Mag. p. 300, 41:

praecavere vanissime,

Tert. Pud. 1.

vānus, a, um, adj. [etym. dub.; cf. vaco], that contains nothing, empty, void. vacant.

Lit. (rare;

not in Cic.): sed illos Exspectata seges vanis elusit aristis,

Verg. G. 1, 226:

leve ac vanum granum,

Col. 2, 9, 13:

ne vana urbis magnitudo esset,

Liv. 1, 8, 5:

vanior jam erat hostium acies,

id. 2, 47, 4:

videtis ordines raros, cornua extenta, mediam aciem vanam et exhaustam,

Curt. 4, 14, 14:

vanam aciem esse ratus,

i. e. thin, weak, id. 4, 14, 8: non vanae redeat sanguis imagini, i. e. to the shade of the dead (so called as being without a body), Hor. C. 1, 24, 15; 3, 27, 41.—

Trop., empty as to purport or result, idle, null, groundless, unmeaning, fruitless, vain (freq. and class.): omnes dant consilium vanum, Enn. ap. Front. Ep. 2, 13 (Trag. Rel. v. 419 Vahl.):

falsum aut vanum aut fictum (opp. vera),

Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 24:

oratio,

Cic. Lael. 26, 98: vana quaedam atque inania polliceri. id. Planc. 42, 101:

vana falsaque,

Plin. 30, 2, 5, §

14: res tumida, vana, ventosa,

Sen. Ep. 84, 11:

orationi vanae crediderunt,

idle, delusive, Cic. Rosc. Am. 40, 117:

non bellum sed vanam imaginem belli insedisse,

Liv. 3, 16, 5:

verba,

Ov. M. 13, 263:

convicia,

id. ib. 9, 303:

historiae,

Quint. 1, 8, 20:

argumentum,

id. 7, 2, 34:

error,

Lucr. 1, 1068:

agitatio armorum,

Liv. 7, 10, 8:

metus,

Hor. C. 1, 23, 3; Ov. H. 16, 342:

gaudia,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 188:

spes,

Ov. M. 14, 364:

ira,

Val. Fl. 8, 374; Liv. 1, 10, 4:

fides,

Verg. A. 4, 12:

omen,

Ov. M. 2, 597:

vox auguris,

id. ib. 3, 349:

cuspis,

id. ib. 8, 346:

pila omnia,

Liv. 7, 23, 8:

pleraque tela,

id. 30, 10, 13:

ensis,

id. 7, 10, 9:

ictus,

id. 34, 39, 2:

promissa,

Tac. A. 3, 16:

vana et irrita testamenta,

Suet. Calig. 38:

vaniore dicendi genere inflata (gens),

Quint. 12, 10, 17:

sententiarum vanissimus strepitus,

Petr. 1.—With abl.:

postquam equestris pugna effectu quam conatibus vanior erat,

Liv. 7, 7, 8:

oratio non suis vana laudibus, non crimine alieno laeta,

id. 4, 41, 1.—

Subst.: vānum, i, n., emptiness, nothingness, naught:

ad vanum et irritum redacta victoria,

brought to nothing, Liv. 26, 37, 8:

nec tota ex vano criminatio erat,

i. e. groundless, without cause, id. 33, 31, 4:

ex vano habere spem,

id. 27, 26, 1:

cedit labor in vanum,

Sen. Hippol. 182. — Plur.:

haud vana adtulere,

Liv. 4, 37, 6.— Neutr. plur. adverb.:

ut vidit (Arruntem) laetantem animis ac vana tumentem,

i. e. vainly, with vain show, Verg. A. 11, 854.—With gen.:

corruptus vanis rerum,

Hor. S. 2, 2, 25:

vana rumoris,

Tac. A. 4, 59.—

Vanum est, with subject-clause:

vanum arbitror esse circa canis ortum angues candidos membranam eam exuere,

Plin. 30, 3, 8, § 25.—

Transf., of persons, false, lying, deceptive, delusive, untrustworthy:

vanus et perfidiosus et impius,

false, Cic. Quint. 6, 26:

vanus mendaxque,

Verg. A. 2, 80:

haruspices,

Cic. Div. 1, 19, 36:

haec mihi non vani (neque erat cur fallere vellent) Narravere senes,

i. e. veracious, Ov. M. 8, 721; cf.:

ingenium dictatoris,

Liv. 1, 27, 1:

vane Ligus frustraque animis elate superbis,

Verg. A. 11, 715:

vir omnium vanissimus,

Vell. 2, 30, 1:

invidia vulgi vanum ingenium dictatoris corrupit,

weak, wavering, Liv. 1, 27, 1:

ne irrisus ac vanus iisdem castris assideret, etc.,

in vain, Tac. H. 2, 22 fin. —With gen.:

aut ego (i. e. Juno) veri Vana feror,

Verg. A. 10, 631:

voti vanus,

i. e. deceived, Sil. 12, 261:

turba vana sanctitudinis,

App. de Deo Socr. p. 43, 1.—

Esp., vainglorious, ostentatious, boastful, vain:

Cn. Lentulus perincertum stolidior an vanior,

Sall. H. 4, 35 Dietsch ad loc.:

laudare se vani, vituperare stulti est,

Val. Max. 7, 2, ext. 8.—With abl.:

hunc ingenio vanum Aetoli inpulerant in spem regni,

Liv. 35, 47, 7.—Hence, adv.: vānē, idly, vainly (post-class.):

vane gaudere,

Tert. Apol. 49:

vanius excogitatum,

App. Mag. p. 300, 41:

praecavere vanissime,

Tert. Pud. 1.