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81 Bescheid
Bescheid m RECHT official notice, administrative decision • Bescheid bekommen GEN, KOMM be informed • Bescheid geben über GEN, KOMM let sb know about • Bescheid wissen über GEN, KOMM be informed of; know all about* * *m < Recht> official notice, administrative decision* * *Bescheid
answer, reply, (Anweisung) instruction, direction, (Auskunft) information, (Benachrichtigung) advice, message, warning, (Beschluss) decree, decision, ruling, (Schiedsgericht) award;
• bis auf weiteren Bescheid until further orders;
• abschlägiger Bescheid refusal, rebuff, negative reply;
• amtlicher Bescheid official reply;
• definitiver Bescheid definite answer;
• endgültiger Bescheid final decision;
• schriftlicher Bescheid notice in writing;
• vorläufiger Bescheid provisional decision, preliminary answer;
• zusagender Bescheid favo(u)rable reply;
• Bescheid der Prüfstelle (Patentamt) communication;
• abschlägigen Bescheid erhalten to get a rebuff;
• Bescheid sagen to call in;
• in seinem Fach gut Bescheid wissen to know one’s trade, to be well versed in a subject;
• in einer Sache genauestens Bescheid wissen to know the ins and outs of a case.
bekommen, Bescheid
to be informed;
• Entschädigung bekommen to be remunerated for s. th.;
• seinen verdienten Lohn bekommen to get one’s deserts (sl.).
erhalten, Bescheid
to be informed;
• Erlaubnis erhalten to obtain permission;
• Kosten von der Versicherungsgesellschaft erstattet erhalten to be reimbursed by one’s insurance company;
• Kündigung binnen Monatsfrist erhalten to receive a month's notice;
• größeren Marktanteil erhalten to get a bigger foot in the market;
• Quittung erhalten to be given a receipt in return;
• Rückvergütung erhalten (Rückzoll) to draw back;
• Schadenersatz erhalten to obtain damages;
• vier Tage Urlaub erhalten to be granted four days [of] leave;
• erhalten (a.) received;
• Betrag erhalten payment received;
• Betrag bar erhalten cash received;
• gut erhalten (Ware) incorrupt;
• richtig erhalten duly received;
• Wert erhalten (auf Wechseln) value received;
• gut erhalten sein to be in good condition, (Gebäude) to be in good repair. -
82 Binnenverkehr
Binnenverkehr
inland communication (traffic, transport), internal transportation (US), intercity transport (US);
• Binnenverkehrsausschuss committee of inland transport;
• Binnenwährung internal (domestic) currency;
• Binnenwanderung internal migration;
• Binnenwasserstraßennetz inland waterway system;
• auf dem Binnenwege by lake;
• Binnenwert domestic value;
• Binnenwirtschaft internal (domestic) economy, home trade (economics) (Br.). -
83 cruce1
1 = intersection, crossover [cross-over], junction, crossing point.Ex. The loan period is given at the intersections of the rows and columns.Ex. Each person works two and a half days a week and this allows a midweek crossover period so that communication between them is not restricted to notes and phone calls.Ex. People value the public library highly as an educational and community resource and the library acts as an 'information junction' to bind the community together.Ex. They stopped or lay down or wallowed frequently just before the crossing point on the river.----* cruce de caminos = crossroads, fork in the road.* cruce de la frontera = border crossing.* cruce de peatones = zebra crossing, pedestrian crossing, pelican crossing.* cruce en barco = boat ride.* cruce fronterizo = border crossing.* cruce peatonal = pedestrian crossing. -
84 salida1
1 = departure, egress, exit, outlet, outing, escape route, turnover, work-around [workaround], stock turnover, turnover of stock, flight mission, way out, turn-off.Ex. Apart from its undoubted value in its own right, Sears' provides a valuable model or point of departure for others.Ex. The reduction of public access and egress to a single point well controlled by electronic or other means goes some way to reduce the loss of books.Ex. A cash desk should be placed by each exit.Ex. Hawthorne gave an uneasy laugh, which was merely the outlet for her disappointment.Ex. The 1st calendar of events included a slide show, a literary afternoon, travel tips, and a picnic and outing.Ex. At present the onus appears to be on individual library directors to develop alternative career paths and escape routes = Por ahora la responsabilidad de desarrollar trayectorias profesionales y vías de escape alternativas parece recaer sobre los directores de la biblioteca en cuestión.Ex. Yet the genuine stockholding bookseller is committed to holding good stocks of books for the customers' benefit which means that he does not aim simply at buying in the books with the quickest turnover.Ex. Obviously, the work-around is to cut-and-paste this into the end of the document, but why did this happen in the first place?.Ex. The booksellers in the sample 'turned over their stocks on average about four times a year' though rates of stock turnover varied widely.Ex. ' Turnover of stock' is, then, an important part of successful and lively bookselling.Ex. The collection is composed of more than 400,000 prints and negatives from photographs taken during 1,258 separate flight missions, most of which were flown over California.Ex. She racked her brains for a way out but could not find anything successful.Ex. There's a great gas station and convenience store at the turn-off.----* a la salida = on the way out.* asesor de salidas profesionales = career(s) adviser.* bandera de salida, la = checkered flag, the.* callejón sin salida = blind alley, catch 22, cul-de-sac, dead end, impasse, dead end street, deadlock, standoff.* caudal de salida = flow rate.* con salida al mercado = due out.* consejero sobre salidas profesionales = career advisor, career counsellor.* control de salida = exit barrier.* dar el pistoletazo de salida = fire + the starting gun.* dar salida a = vent.* de salida = outgoing.* disco de salida = output diskette.* dispositivo de salida = output equipment.* encontrar la salida a = find + a/the way out of.* encontrar una salida a = find + a/the way out of.* entradas y salidas = comings and goings.* estrategia de salida = exit strategy.* fecha de salida = departure date.* fichero de salida = outgoing file.* fichero de salida de datos = communication output file.* hora de salida = departure time, check-out time.* información sobre salidas profesionales = career(s) information.* la mejor salida = the best way forward.* libro de registro de entrada y salida de cartas = letterbook [letter book].* no tener salida = be stuck, get + stuck.* orientación sobre salidas profesionales = career guidance.* parrilla de salida = starting grid.* pasillo de salida = exit lane.* pistoletazo de salida = starting signal, starting gun.* precio de salida = starting price.* primera posición de salida = pole start, pole position.* puerta de salida = exit door.* registro de salida de cartas = outward letterbook.* salida de aire = venting.* salida de artistas = stage door.* salida de datos = output.* salida de emergencia = emergency exit.* salida de humos = flue.* salida de incendios = fire exit.* salida de lectores = public exit.* salida del sol = sunrise.* salida del sol, la = rising of the sun, the.* salida en falso = false start.* salida lateral = side entrance.* salida nula = false start.* salida profesional = career opportunity, career path, career pattern, career option.* salidas profesionales = careers guidance, career development, career planning, careers education, employability, job opportunities.* sin salida al mar = land-bound [landbound], land-locked [landlocked].* sistema de control de la salida = exit control system.* sondeo hecho a la salida = exit survey.* tacos de salida = starting blocks.* válvula de salida = outlet valve.* vía de salida = exit lane. -
85 cruce
m.1 crossing, intersection.gira a la derecha en el próximo cruce turn right at the next junction2 crossing (paso).un cruce fronterizo a border crossing3 cross.un cruce de fox-terrier y chihuahua a cross between a fox terrier and a chihuahua4 crossed line.hay un cruce en la línea we've got o there's a crossed line5 round.6 crossbreeding, crossbreed, mixing.pres.subj.3rd person singular (él/ella/ello) Present Subjunctive of Spanish verb: cruzar.* * *1 cross, crossing2 AUTOMÓVIL crossroads3 (de razas) crossbreeding4 (interferencia telefónica etc) crossed line5 ELECTRICIDAD short circuit* * *noun m.1) cross, crossing2) crossroads* * *SM1) (Aut) [de carreteras, autopistas] junction, intersection; [de cuatro esquinas] crossroads; [para peatones] crossing, crosswalk (EEUU)cruce a nivel — level crossing, grade crossing (EEUU)
cruce de peatones, cruce peatonal — pedestrian crossing, crosswalk (EEUU)
2)poner la luz o las luces de cruce — to dip one's lights
3) (=acto)- tener un cruce de cablescruce de aros — Ven engagement ceremony ( involving the exchange of rings)
4) (Telec) crossed line5) (Bio) (=proceso) crossbreeding; (=resultado) crossser un cruce de o entre un animal y otro — to be a cross o crossbreed between one animal and another
6) (Mat) intersection, point of intersection7) (Ling) cross, mutual interference* * *1) ( acción) crossing2) ( de calles) crossroads3) (Telec)tener un cruce de cables — (fam) to be in a muddle (colloq)
4) (Agr, Biol) cross* * *1) ( acción) crossing2) ( de calles) crossroads3) (Telec)tener un cruce de cables — (fam) to be in a muddle (colloq)
4) (Agr, Biol) cross* * *cruce11 = intersection, crossover [cross-over], junction, crossing point.Ex: The loan period is given at the intersections of the rows and columns.
Ex: Each person works two and a half days a week and this allows a midweek crossover period so that communication between them is not restricted to notes and phone calls.Ex: People value the public library highly as an educational and community resource and the library acts as an 'information junction' to bind the community together.Ex: They stopped or lay down or wallowed frequently just before the crossing point on the river.* cruce de caminos = crossroads, fork in the road.* cruce de la frontera = border crossing.* cruce de peatones = zebra crossing, pedestrian crossing, pelican crossing.* cruce en barco = boat ride.* cruce fronterizo = border crossing.* cruce peatonal = pedestrian crossing.cruce22 = mixed breed.Ex: Of the 882 dogs, 228 were German hepherds, 86 were Great Danes and 73 were mixed breeds.
* cruce de razas = mixed breed.* * *A (acción) crossingB (de calles) crossroads[ S ] cruce peligroso dangerous junctionCompuesto:cruce peatonal or de peatonespedestrian crossingC ( Telec):hay un cruce en las líneas there's a crossed linees cruce de burro y yegua it is a cross between a donkey and a mare* * *
Del verbo cruzar: ( conjugate cruzar)
crucé es:
1ª persona singular (yo) pretérito indicativo
cruce es:
1ª persona singular (yo) presente subjuntivo3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) presente subjuntivo3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) imperativo
Multiple Entries:
cruce
cruzar
cruce sustantivo masculino
1
( on signs) cruce peligroso dangerous junction;
cruce peatonal or de peatones pedestrian crossingc) (Telec):
2 (Agr, Biol) cross
cruzar ( conjugate cruzar) verbo transitivo
1 ( atravesar) ‹calle/mar/puente› to cross
2 ‹ piernas› to cross;
‹ brazos› to cross, fold
3
4 ( llevar al otro lado) to take (o carry etc) … across
5 ‹animales/plantas› to cross
verbo intransitivo ( atravesar) to cross;
cruzarse verbo pronominal
1 ( recípr)
b) (en viaje, camino):◊ nos cruzamos en el camino we met o passed each other on the way;
nuestras cartas se han debido de cruce our letters must have crossed in the post;
crucese con algn to see o pass sb
2 ( interponerse):
se me cruzó otro corredor another runner cut in front of me
cruce sustantivo masculino
1 crossing
(de carreteras) crossroads
2 (entre animales) cross, (animal cruzado) crossbreed
3 Tel crossed line
cruzar
I verbo transitivo
1 to cross
(las piernas) to cross one's legs
(los brazos) to fold one's arms
2 (dirigir unas palabras, miradas) to exchange
3 (animal, planta) to cross, crossbreed
II verbo intransitivo (atravesar) to cross
' cruce' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
glorieta
- luz
English:
cross
- crossing
- crossroads
- gridlock
- interchange
- intersection
- junction
- overshoot
- come
- dim
- dip
- mule
- pass
- pedestrian
- T
* * *♦ nm1. [de líneas] crossing, intersection;[de carreteras] crossroads [singular];gira a la derecha en el próximo cruce turn right at the next junction2. [paso] crossing;pasa al otro lado por el cruce use the crossing to cross the road;un cruce fronterizo a border crossing3. [de animales, plantas] cross;un cruce de fox-terrier y chihuahua a cross between a fox terrier and a chihuahua4. [de teléfono] crossed line;hay un cruce en la línea we've got o there's a crossed line5. [en fútbol] crossfield ball o pass6. [en competición deportiva] round [in knockout competition];les tocó el cruce más difícil they got the toughest draw* * *m1 de especies cross2 de carreteras crossroads sg3:cruce en las líneas TELEC crossed line4 DEP crossfield pass, cross* * *cruce nm1) : crossing, cross2) : crossroads, intersectioncruce peatonal: crosswalk* * *cruce n1. (en general) junction / crossroads2. (paso de peatones) crossing3. (híbrido) cross4. (telefónico) crossed line -
86 económico
adj.1 economic, economical, saving, sparing.2 cost-reducing, cost-cutting, cash-saving, economical.3 economic, related to economics.4 cheap to run, economic, cost-effective.5 inexpensive, cheap, low-priced, knockdown.* * *► adjetivo1 (gen) economic2 (barato) cheap, economical, inexpensive3 (persona) thrifty, careful with money\crisis económica economic crisis, recession* * *(f. - económica)adj.1) economic2) economical* * *ADJ1) [gen] economic; [año] fiscal, financial2) (=barato) economical, inexpensiveedición económica — cheap edition, popular edition
3) (=ahorrativo) thrifty; pey miserlyECONÓMICO ¿"Economic" o "economical"? ► El adjetivo económico se traduce por economic cuando se refiere al comercio o las finanzas: China ha vivido cinco años de reformas económicas China has lived through five years of economic reforms ... el ritmo del crecimiento económico...... the pace of economic growth... ► Económico se traduce por economical cuando se usa para describir algo que presenta una buena relación calidad-precio: Resulta más económico tener un coche de gasoil It is more economical to have a diesel-engined car Economic se puede usar en inglés para traducir rentable: Mantendremos las tarifas altas para que el servicio resulte rentable We shall keep the fares high to make the service economic Para otros usos y ejemplos ver la entrada* * *- ca adjetivo1) <crisis/situación> economic (before n); <problema/independencia> financial2)a) <piso/comida> cheap; <restaurante/hotel> cheap, inexpensiveb) ( que gasta poco) < motor> economical; < persona> thrifty* * *- ca adjetivo1) <crisis/situación> economic (before n); <problema/independencia> financial2)a) <piso/comida> cheap; <restaurante/hotel> cheap, inexpensiveb) ( que gasta poco) < motor> economical; < persona> thrifty* * *económico11 = economic, financial, fiscal, monetary, monied, pecuniary, budget, moneyed.Ex: Generally, the availability of centralised cataloguing records will, if the economic aspects are favourable, encourage uniformity.
Ex: SIA in the United Kingdom covers information on travel and transport, economics in EEC countries, construction of nuclear power stations, and financial information.Ex: The effect of fiscal pressures is particularly evident for government on-line systems, such as DOE/RECON.Ex: For example, if the local currency is Belgian francs, monetary amount are always entered in whole francs.Ex: This will shift the dynamics of information flow to policymakers to favour monied special interests, which threatens the democratic process.Ex: George Watson Cole refers to his mental derangement and pecuniary embarrassment.Ex: The aricle has the title ' budget CD-Rewritable drives: to get the best deal, buy a CD-RW drive that's not top of the line'.Ex: It is generally recognized that collecting money from moneyed deadbeats is as much a social problem as street thuggery.* apoyo económico = financial backing.* ayuda económica = fund assistance, financial assistance, grant money, grant, cash grant.* bache económico = economic doldrums.* brigada de delitos económicos = fraud squad.* burbuja económica = price bubble.* capacidad económica = earning capacity, earning power.* capital económico = financial capital.* Clasificación Industrial General de las Actividades Económicas = General Industrial Classification of Economic Activities (NACE).* clima económico = economic climate.* comprobación de las necesidades económicas = means-testing, means test.* comprobar las necesidades económicas = means test.* Comunidad Económica Europea (CEE) = European Economic Community (EEC).* con poco recursos económicos = low-budget.* crisis económica = economic crisis, economic slump, difficult economic times, economic depression, economic doldrums.* crisis económica mundial = global economic slump.* cuestión económica = economic issue, financial issue.* depresión económica = economic depression, economic doldrums.* de recesión económica = recessionary.* desastre económico = financial disaster, economic disaster.* desde un punto de vista económico = economically.* de un modo económico = economically.* donación económica = monetary donation.* donación económica de fundación = endowment fund.* económico-técnico = economic-technical.* eficacia económica = economic efficiency.* ejercicio económico = business year, accounting year.* en tiempos de recesión económica = in recessionary times.* equiparación económica = economic levelling.* estatus económico = economic status.* evaluación de las necesidades económicas = means-testing, means test.* evaluar las necesidades económicas = means test.* fondo económico = funds.* hastiado de la recesión económica = recession-weary.* historiador económico = economic historian.* incertidumbre económica = economic uncertainty.* índice económico = economic index.* influencia económica = economic influence.* información económica = business news.* informe económico = economic report.* interés económico = economic interest.* mala racha económica = economic doldrums.* medida económica = economic measure.* memoria económica = economic report.* modelo económico = economic model.* necesidad económica = economic necessity, economic need.* nivelación económica = economic levelling.* no económico = non-economic [noneconomic].* pasar apuros económicos = lead + a precarious existence.* política económica = political economy.* político-económico = politico-economic.* presión económica = economic pressure.* que se concede en función de las necesidades económicas = means-tested.* recesión económica = economic recession, difficult economic times, economic depression.* recortes económicos = economic retrenchment.* recuperación económica = economic recovery.* reforma económica = economic reform.* respaldo económico = financial backing.* riesgo económico = financial risk.* sanción económica = economic penalty, economic sanction.* sistema económico = economic system.* situación económica = economic status.* situación económica, la = economics of the situation, the.* socioeconómico = socioeconomic [socio-economic].* teoría económica = economic theory.* trastorno económico = economic upheaval.* valor económico = economic value, monetary worth.económico22 = cheap [cheaper -comp., cheapest -sup.], cost-effective [cost effective], economical, inexpensive, cost-efficient [cost efficient], dollar-saving, money-saving, thrifty [thriftier -comp., thriftiest -sup.], cut-price, cut-rate, affordable.Ex: These indexes are both cheap and quick to produce.
Ex: OFFSEARCH is a means of running a search overnight on more than one data base, in a cost-effective mode.Ex: Fixed length fields the are economical on storage space, and records using fixed length fields are quick and easy to code.Ex: a microcomputer will need an inexpensive software package in order to suitable for external communication.Ex: Good libraries are a cost-efficient integral part of an effective correctional programme in a detention centre.Ex: The article 'Two dollar-saving search tips' explains how to eliminate duplicate citations when printing out search results.Ex: It is ironic that reduced funding may threaten money-saving automation plans.Ex: As such, the library serves a large blue collar population of thrifty, hardworking people with a predilection toward conservatism in lifestyle and thought.Ex: Turkey is heavily promoted by tour operators as an idyllic holiday destination, the cut-price alternative to Greece or Cyprus.Ex: Most of these cut-rate laptops include a one-year parts and labor warranty.Ex: Information will become more affordable, accessible, and plentiful.* alojamiento económico = budget accommodation.* de forma económica = cost-effectively.* de un modo económico = thriftily.* de un modo poco económico = wastefully.* hotel económico = budget hotel.* * *económico -caA ‹crisis/situación› economic ( before n)tienen problemas económicos they have financial problemsB1 ‹piso/comida› cheap; ‹restaurante/hotel› cheap, inexpensive2 (que gasta poco) ‹motor› economical; ‹persona› thrifty* * *
económico◊ -ca adjetivo
1 ‹crisis/situación› economic ( before n);
‹problema/independencia› financial
2
‹restaurante/hotel› cheap, inexpensive
‹ persona› thrifty
económico,-a adjetivo
1 (país, empresa) economic
(persona) financial: tienen problemas económicos, they have financial troubles
2 (barato) economical, inexpensive: el traje me salió muy económico, the suit was very cheap
comidas económicas, cheap meals
3 (persona ahorradora) thrifty
Recuerda que el adjetivo economic, relativo a la economía, no es igual al adjetivo economical, que significa económico, barato.
' económico' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
ajuste
- ámbito
- beneficio
- bloqueo
- desajuste
- despegue
- económica
- ejercicio
- holgura
- nivel
- respaldo
- revés
- auge
- clima
- desbarajuste
- orden
- plan
- refugiado
- sostén
English:
budget
- business
- cheap
- diner
- ease
- economic
- economical
- fall back on
- financial
- inexpensive
- thrifty
- wasteful
- café
- economics
- support
- third
- uneconomical
* * *económico, -a adj1. [asunto, doctrina, crisis] economic;la política económica del gobierno the government's economic policy;una familia con problemas económicos a family with financial problems;mi situación económica es desesperante my financial situation is desperate2. [barato] cheap, low-cost;pagándolo al contado te sale más económico it works out cheaper if you pay in cash3. [que gasta poco] [motor, aparato] economical;[persona] thrifty* * *adj1 economic2 ( barato) economical* * *económico, -ca adj: economic, economical* * *económico adj1. (de la economía) economic2. (que gasta poco) economical3. (que cuesta poco) inexpensive -
87 salida
f.1 departure (partida).va a efectuar su salida it's about to depart2 start (sport).dar la salida a una carrera to start a racesalida nula false start3 exit, way out (place).¿dónde está la salida? where's the way out?salida de emergencia emergency exitsalida de humos air ventsalida de incendios fire exit4 trip (viaje).5 appearance (aparición) (de revista, nuevo modelo).a la salida del sol at sunriseesta llave regula la salida del agua this tap o (British) faucet controls the flow of water (United States)6 output (commerce) (producción).este producto no tiene salida there's no market for this product7 output (computing).8 way out.si no hay otra salida if there's no alternative9 witty remark (ocurrencia).tener salidas to be wittysalida de tono out-of-place remark10 departure gate.11 starting point, start.12 excursion, sally.13 computer output, output.14 exodus, exit.15 production.16 exitus, outlet.17 efflux.past part.past participle of spanish verb: salir.* * *1 (partida) departure2 (puerta etc) exit, way out4 (viaje corto) trip5 (de un astro) rising6 DEPORTE start7 COMERCIO outlet, market8 FINANZAS outlay, expenditure9 figurado (ocurrencia) witty remark, witticism10 figurado (escapatoria) solution, way out11 figurado (perspectiva) opening12 TÉCNICA outlet13 INFORMÁTICA output14 (en naipes) lead15 (parte que sobresale) projection\de salida from the startno tener otra salida figurado to have no other optiontener salida a to open on to, come out atsalida de artistas stage doorsalida de efectivo cash outflowsalida de emergencia emergency exitsalida de incendios fire exitsalida de tono unfortunate remark, improper remarksalida del sol sunrisesalida nula false start* * *noun f.1) exit2) departure3) way out4) witty remark•* * *SF1) [de un lugar]•
a la salida, te esperaremos a la salida — we'll wait for you on the way outhubo salida a hombros para el primero de los diestros — the first matador was carried out of the ring shoulder-high
•
dar salida a, el pasillo que da salida a la pista de tenis — the passageway which leads out (on)to the tennis courtnecesitaba dar salida a su creatividad — he needed to give expression to o find an outlet for his creativity
visado•
puerta de salida — exit door2) (=aparición)los fans esperaban su salida al escenario — the fans were waiting for her to come (out) onto the stage
tras la salida de los futbolistas al terreno de juego — after the footballers came/went out onto the pitch
3) (=lugar) [de edificio] exit, way out; [de autopista] exit, turn-off¿dónde está la salida? — where's the exit o the way out?
salida — [encima de la puerta] exit; [en el pasillo] way out, exit
callejón•
tener salida a algo, nuestro edificio tiene salida a las dos calles — our building has access onto both streets4) [de avión, tren] departureel autobús efectuará su salida desde el andén número cuatro — the bus will depart from bay number four
después de la salida del tren — after the train leaves, after the departure of the train
5) (=escapada) [de viaje] trip; [de excursión] trip, outing; [por la noche] night out, evening outen mi primera salida al extranjero — on my first trip abroad, on my first foreign trip
me controlaban mucho las salidas por la noche — they kept tight control of my nights out o my going out at night
6) (=comienzo) [de carrera, desfile] startfuimos a ver la salida de la procesión — we went to see the start of the procession, we went to see the procession move off
los corredores estaban preparados para la salida — the runners were ready for the start (of the race)
Palmer tuvo una mala salida del tee — (Golf) Palmer played a poor tee shot
•
dar la salida — to give the starting signales el encargado de dar la salida a la carrera — he is the one who starts the race o gives the starting signal for the race
salida en falso, salida falsa — false start
parrilla 2)salida lanzada — running start, flying start
7) (Teat) [al entrar en escena] appearance; [para recibir aplausos] curtain-callhago una sola salida al principio de la obra — I only make one appearance at the beginning of the play
8) (=solución) solutionla única salida está en la negociación — the only way out is through negotiation, the only solution is to negotiate
buscan en la música una salida a sus frustraciones — they try to find an outlet for their frustration in music
no le quedaba otra salida que la dimisión — she had no alternative o option but to resign
9) [al hablar]hum¡qué buena salida! — that was a really witty comment!
¡vaya salidas de bombero que tuvo! — he dropped some real clangers! *
salida de tono, fue una salida de tono — it was inappropriate o uncalled-for
10) (Com) [de producto] launch•
dar salida a, dar salida a los excedentes agrícolas — to find an outlet for surplus produce•
tener salida — to sell welltener una salida fácil — to have a ready market, be a soft sell
11) (Econ) (=cargo) debit entry12) pl salidas [en el trabajo] openings, job opportunitiesesa carrera no tiene apenas salidas — there are very few openings o job opportunities for someone with that degree
13) (Téc) [de aire, gas, vapor] vent; [de agua] outlet14) (Inform) output15) (=prenda)salida de baño — Cono Sur [en casa] bathrobe; [en playa, piscina] beach robe
16) (Arquit) (=saliente) projection17) (Mil) [para el ataque] sortie18) (Naipes) lead* * *1) ( hacia el exterior)( lugar)a) (de edificio, lugar) exitb) ( de tubería) outlet, outflow; ( de circuito) outlet2)a) ( acción)el gobierno les ha negado la salida del país — the government has refused to allow them to leave the country
impedir la salida de divisas — to prevent currency being taken out of o leaving the country
b) ( como distracción)una salida al campo — an outing o a trip to the country
c) (de líquido, gas, electricidad) outputd)3) ( partida)(de tren, avión) departuresalidas nacionales/internacionales — domestic/international departures
4) (Dep) ( en una carrera) start5)a) ( solución)b) ( posibilidades)6) (Com, Fin) ( gasto) payment7) ( ocurrencia)este chico tiene cada salida... — this child comes out with the funniest things...
fue una salida que nos hizo reír mucho — his remark o comment had us all in stitches
•* * *1) ( hacia el exterior)( lugar)a) (de edificio, lugar) exitb) ( de tubería) outlet, outflow; ( de circuito) outlet2)a) ( acción)el gobierno les ha negado la salida del país — the government has refused to allow them to leave the country
impedir la salida de divisas — to prevent currency being taken out of o leaving the country
b) ( como distracción)una salida al campo — an outing o a trip to the country
c) (de líquido, gas, electricidad) outputd)3) ( partida)(de tren, avión) departuresalidas nacionales/internacionales — domestic/international departures
4) (Dep) ( en una carrera) start5)a) ( solución)b) ( posibilidades)6) (Com, Fin) ( gasto) payment7) ( ocurrencia)este chico tiene cada salida... — this child comes out with the funniest things...
fue una salida que nos hizo reír mucho — his remark o comment had us all in stitches
•* * *salida11 = departure, egress, exit, outlet, outing, escape route, turnover, work-around [workaround], stock turnover, turnover of stock, flight mission, way out, turn-off.Ex: Apart from its undoubted value in its own right, Sears' provides a valuable model or point of departure for others.
Ex: The reduction of public access and egress to a single point well controlled by electronic or other means goes some way to reduce the loss of books.Ex: A cash desk should be placed by each exit.Ex: Hawthorne gave an uneasy laugh, which was merely the outlet for her disappointment.Ex: The 1st calendar of events included a slide show, a literary afternoon, travel tips, and a picnic and outing.Ex: At present the onus appears to be on individual library directors to develop alternative career paths and escape routes = Por ahora la responsabilidad de desarrollar trayectorias profesionales y vías de escape alternativas parece recaer sobre los directores de la biblioteca en cuestión.Ex: Yet the genuine stockholding bookseller is committed to holding good stocks of books for the customers' benefit which means that he does not aim simply at buying in the books with the quickest turnover.Ex: Obviously, the work-around is to cut-and-paste this into the end of the document, but why did this happen in the first place?.Ex: The booksellers in the sample 'turned over their stocks on average about four times a year' though rates of stock turnover varied widely.Ex: ' Turnover of stock' is, then, an important part of successful and lively bookselling.Ex: The collection is composed of more than 400,000 prints and negatives from photographs taken during 1,258 separate flight missions, most of which were flown over California.Ex: She racked her brains for a way out but could not find anything successful.Ex: There's a great gas station and convenience store at the turn-off.* a la salida = on the way out.* asesor de salidas profesionales = career(s) adviser.* bandera de salida, la = checkered flag, the.* callejón sin salida = blind alley, catch 22, cul-de-sac, dead end, impasse, dead end street, deadlock, standoff.* caudal de salida = flow rate.* con salida al mercado = due out.* consejero sobre salidas profesionales = career advisor, career counsellor.* control de salida = exit barrier.* dar el pistoletazo de salida = fire + the starting gun.* dar salida a = vent.* de salida = outgoing.* disco de salida = output diskette.* dispositivo de salida = output equipment.* encontrar la salida a = find + a/the way out of.* encontrar una salida a = find + a/the way out of.* entradas y salidas = comings and goings.* estrategia de salida = exit strategy.* fecha de salida = departure date.* fichero de salida = outgoing file.* fichero de salida de datos = communication output file.* hora de salida = departure time, check-out time.* información sobre salidas profesionales = career(s) information.* la mejor salida = the best way forward.* libro de registro de entrada y salida de cartas = letterbook [letter book].* no tener salida = be stuck, get + stuck.* orientación sobre salidas profesionales = career guidance.* parrilla de salida = starting grid.* pasillo de salida = exit lane.* pistoletazo de salida = starting signal, starting gun.* precio de salida = starting price.* primera posición de salida = pole start, pole position.* puerta de salida = exit door.* registro de salida de cartas = outward letterbook.* salida de aire = venting.* salida de artistas = stage door.* salida de datos = output.* salida de emergencia = emergency exit.* salida de humos = flue.* salida de incendios = fire exit.* salida de lectores = public exit.* salida del sol = sunrise.* salida del sol, la = rising of the sun, the.* salida en falso = false start.* salida lateral = side entrance.* salida nula = false start.* salida profesional = career opportunity, career path, career pattern, career option.* salidas profesionales = careers guidance, career development, career planning, careers education, employability, job opportunities.* sin salida al mar = land-bound [landbound], land-locked [landlocked].* sistema de control de la salida = exit control system.* sondeo hecho a la salida = exit survey.* tacos de salida = starting blocks.* válvula de salida = outlet valve.* vía de salida = exit lane.salida22 = witticism, witty remark, witty remark, quip.Ex: It uses humor rather than witticisms, and self-deprecation rather than deprecation of the professional field.
Ex: Youll never be short on a witty remark with a database of almost 180000 jokes.Ex: Youll never be short on a witty remark with a database of almost 180000 jokes.Ex: His genius is sometimes most evident in his quips.* * *A (lugar)1 (de un edificio, lugar) exit[ S ] salida exitdimos mil vueltas buscando la salida we went round and round looking for the way out o the exittodas las salidas de Bilbao all the roads out of BilbaoBolivia no tiene salida al mar Bolivia has no access to the seaes una calle sin salida it's a dead end2 (de una tubería) outlet, outflow; (de un circuito) outlet3 ( Inf) tbsalida del sistema logoff, logoutCompuestos:(en un teatro) stage door; (en una sala de conciertos) artists' entrance● salida de emergencia/incendiosemergency/fire exitB1(acción): me lo encontré a la salida I met him on the way out, I met him as I was leavingquedamos en encontrarnos a la salida del concierto we arranged to meet at the end of o after the concertacelera a la salida de la curva accelerate (as you come) out of the curveel gobierno les ha negado la salida del país the government has refused to allow them to leave the countryimpedir la salida de divisas to prevent currency being taken out of o leaving the countryestaban esperando la salida de la novia they were waiting for the bride to appearla salida del primer toro the entry of the first bull2(como distracción): es su primera salida desde que la operaron it's the first time she's been out since her operationuna salida a la ópera an evening at the operauna salida al campo an outing o a trip to the country3 (de un líquido, gas) output; (de un circuito) output4la salida del sol sunriseCompuesto:(para la playa) beach robe; (para la casa) bathrobeA (de un tren, avión) departureLANSA anuncia la salida del vuelo 503 LANSA announces the departure of flight 503el tren efectuará su salida por vía cinco the train will leave from track five[ S ] salidas nacionales/internacionales domestic/international departuresB ( Dep) (en una carrera) startdan la salida con un disparo a gun is fired to start the race o to signal the startCompuestos:false startfalse startA1(solución): no le veo ninguna salida a esta situación I can see no way out of this situationhay que buscar una salida a la crisis económica a solution must be found to the economic crisisvamos a tener que aceptar, no nos queda otra salida we're going to have to accept, we have no option2(posibilidades): la informática, hoy en día, tiene muchas salidas nowadays there are many openings o job opportunities in computingesta prenda no tiene mucha salida this garment doesn't sell very wellentradas y salidas income and expenditure, receipts and outgoings ( BrE)C(ocurrencia): este chico tiene cada salida … this child comes out with the funniest things …fue una salida que nos hizo reír mucho his remark o comment had us all in stitchesCompuesto:fue una salida de tono it was totally out of place, it was a totally inappropriate thing to say/do* * *
salida sustantivo femenino ( hacia el exterior)
1
◊ salida de emergencia/incendios emergency/fire exit;
todas las salidas de Bilbao all the roads out of Bilbao;
es una calle sin salida it's a dead end
( de circuito) outlet
2a) ( acción):
nos encontramos a la salida del concierto we met at the door after the concert;
una salida al campo an outing o a trip to the country
c)
( partida)
1 (de tren, avión) departure;
( on signs) salidas nacionales/internacionales domestic/international departures
2 (Dep) ( en una carrera) start
1 ( solución):
no nos queda otra salida we have no other option
2 (Com, Fin) ( gasto) payment
salido,-a adjetivo
1 (saliente, prominente) projecting
(frente, pómulos, etc) prominent
(ojos) bulging
familiar sticky-out
2 fam pey (cachondo) horny, randy
salida sustantivo femenino
1 (lugar por donde se sale) exit, way out: nos pasamos diez minutos buscando la salida, we spent ten minutes looking for the way out
este carril tiene salida a la autopista, this lane leads onto the motorway
callejón sin salida, dead end
(de una tubería, desagüe) outlet, outflow
Inform output
2 (acción de salir) leaving
a la salida del trabajo, on leaving work
(de un tren, un avión) departure
(del Sol, de la Luna, etc) rising
salida del sol, sunrise
(viaje corto, excursión) trip
una salida al campo, an outing to the country
3 Dep start
dar la salida, to give the signal to start
línea de salida, starting line
4 (solución) option, solution: este problema no tiene salida, there's no solution to this problem
5 Lab prospect: la filosofía no tiene muchas salidas, there aren't many job opportunities in philosophy
6 (cese de una actividad) el próximo año se producirá mi salida del cargo, I'll be leaving the post next year
7 fig (agudeza, ocurrencia) witty remark
8 (comentario inapropiado) salida de tono, inappropriate remark
9 (puesta en venta, lanzamiento de un producto) la salida del nuevo periódico se producirá el lunes, the new newspaper will be launched onto the market next Monday
10 Fin (gasto) hemos tenido demasiadas salidas en concepto de compra de materiales, purchase of materials has led to an unacceptable increase in spending
' salida' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
acaso
- callejón
- dirigir
- efectuar
- emergencia
- empujar
- escape
- escorrentía
- expectante
- fichar
- forzuda
- forzudo
- panel
- prever
- punto
- retardar
- taponar
- bloquear
- cortada
- desvío
- escapatoria
- excursión
- lateral
- línea
- obstruir
- partida
- retrasar
- tapar
- ver
English:
blind alley
- checkout
- clock off
- clock out
- crowd
- cul-de-sac
- dead end
- departure
- exit
- false start
- fight
- fire exit
- hasty
- off
- out
- outlet
- output
- rise
- rising
- sailing
- seal off
- stampede
- start
- starter
- starting block
- starting line
- starting post
- starting price
- sunrise
- sunup
- takeoff
- turn off
- way
- wisecrack
- block
- catch
- curtain
- dead
- emergency
- false
- flotation
- flying
- land
- mark
- quip
- ramp
- release
- rush
- stand
- starting
* * *salida nf1. [partida, marcha] departure;tenían prevista la salida al amanecer they intended to leave at dawn;el tren con destino a Santiago va a efectuar su salida por la vía 4 the Santiago train is about to depart from platform 4;salidas nacionales/internacionales [en aeropuerto] national/international departures2. [lugar para salir] [de edificio, recinto] exit, way out;[de red de cables, cañerías] outlet;gira en la próxima salida turn off at the next exit;la región no tiene salida al mar the region has no outlet to the sea;salida 20 [en autopista] junction 20;¿dónde está la salida? where's the way out?;salida [en letrero] exit, way out;esta calle no tiene salida this road's a dead end;todas las salidas de Caracas estaban colapsadas traffic was at a standstill on all the roads leading out of Caracas;dar salida a [sentimientos] to vent, to let out;[ideas] to find an outlet for salida de emergencia emergency exit;salida de humos air vent;salida de incendios fire exit3. [en deportes, carreras] start;dar la salida a una carrera to start a racesalida nula false start4. [viaje] trip;una salida al extranjero a trip abroad;hicimos una salida al campo de un día we went out for the day to the country, we went on an outing to the country for a day5. [aparición] [de revista, nuevo modelo, producto] appearance;a la salida del sol at sunrise;su salida a escena fue recibida con aplausos her entry on stage was greeted with applause, she was applauded as she came on stage;Fin salida a bolsa [de empresa] flotationte espero a la salida del cine I'll meet you after the movie7. [solución] way out;es preciso encontrar una salida al problema/a esta situación we need to find a way round the problem/a way out of this situation;si no hay otra salida if there's no alternative8. [ocurrencia] witty remark;[pretexto] excuse;tener salidas to be witty;desde luego tiene cada salida… she certainly comes out with some witty remarkssalida de tono out-of-place remark [posibilidades] market;dar salida a [producto] to find an outlet for;este producto tiene mucha salida [posibilidades de venta] there's a big market for this product;[se vende] this product sells well;este producto no tiene salida [posibilidades de venta] there's no market for this product;[no se vende] this product doesn't sell10.salidas [en contabilidad] outgoings11. Informát output13.salidas [posibilidades laborales] openings, opportunities;carreras con salidas university courses with good job prospectssalida de playa beach robeSALIDA AL MARThe War of the Pacific, fought victoriously by Chile against Peru and Bolivia (1879-1883), was to have a huge influence on the later development of all three countries. The major incentive for turning a territorial dispute into a war was the rich deposits of nitrates (then a vital raw material for the production of fertilizers and explosives) in the Atacama Desert. By acquiring the Atacama, Chile also deprived Bolivia of its only access to the sea at the port of Antofagasta, with inevitably damaging consequences for the future economic and commercial development of the country. Bolivia's desire for a salida al mar (“outlet to the sea”) led it to seek alternative access to the Atlantic, and this was partly behind the outbreak of the horrific Chaco War with Paraguay (1932-1935), though the interest of foreign oil companies in possible oil deposits in the Chaco region was at least as important a factor. Today, Bolivia has adopted the peaceful road of negotiations with Chile to resolve the problem.* * *f2 TRANSP departuretomar la salida start;dar la salida give the starting signal o the off4 COM:tiene salida there’s a market for it;salida a bolsa flotation5 figopportunity, opening;salida profesional career opportunity* * *salida nf1) : exitsalida de emergencia: emergency exit2) : leaving, departure3) solución: way out, solution4) : start (of a race)5) ocurrencia: wisecrack, joke6)salida del sol : sunrise* * *salida n1. (puerta) exit / way out2. (acción de salir) way out3. (acción de irse) departure4. (en una carrera) start5. (excursión) outing6. (viaje) trip7. (solución) solution -
88 señalar
v.1 to indicate, to point at, to point out, to signal.Pedro apunta las necesidades de ella Peter points out her needs.2 to point.3 to point fingers, to accuse.* * *1 (marcar) to mark2 (rubricar) to sign and seal3 (hacer herida) to mark, scar4 (hacer notar) to point out5 (apuntar hacia) to point to, show6 (con el dedo) to point at7 (fijar - cita) to arrange, make; (fecha, lugar, precio) to set, fix8 (designar) to appoint9 (subrayar la importancia) to stress, underline1 (distinguirse) to distinguish oneself2 (sobresalir) to stand out* * *verb1) to indicate, show2) mark3) point out* * *1. VT1) (=indicar) [gen] to show; [con el dedo] to pointseñalar una falta — (Dep) to indicate a foul
2) (=marcar) to markel acné le ha señalado la cara — his face has been marked o scarred by acne
3) (=destacar) to point outtuve que señalarle varios errores en el examen — I had to point out several mistakes in the exam to him
4) (=designar) [+ fecha, precio] to fix, settle; [+ tarea] to seten el momento señalado — at the given moment, at the appointed time
todas las encuestas lo señalan como el candidato favorito — all the opinion polls point to him as the favourite candidate
5) (Aut) [+ carretera, ruta] to signpost6) [+ ganado] to brand2.See:* * *1.verbo transitivo1) ( indicar)me señaló la ruta en un mapa — he showed me the route o pointed out the route (to me) on a map
2) (marcar con lápiz, rotulador) to mark3) ( afirmar) to point outseñaló que... — she pointed out that...
a la hora señalada — at the appointed o arranged time
en el lugar señalado — in the appointed o agreed place
5) ( anunciar) to mark2.señalar vi to point3.señalarse v pron to distinguish oneself* * *1.verbo transitivo1) ( indicar)me señaló la ruta en un mapa — he showed me the route o pointed out the route (to me) on a map
2) (marcar con lápiz, rotulador) to mark3) ( afirmar) to point outseñaló que... — she pointed out that...
a la hora señalada — at the appointed o arranged time
en el lugar señalado — in the appointed o agreed place
5) ( anunciar) to mark2.señalar vi to point3.señalarse v pron to distinguish oneself* * *señalar11 = mark off, point to, tick (off), mark out, bring to + Posesivo + notice, mark + Nombre + down as.Ex: Human intervention may also be necessary to mark off the area in the string on the title page that should be indexed, and possibly to add an imprint date if not present.
Ex: This article points to economically feasible and communication-based indexing methods which fit the potentials of current information technology.Ex: In particular note, for example by ticking them, those terms that merit a turn in the lead position, and those that do not.Ex: To infuse into that basic form an element of linguistic liveliness and wit, which marks out the best adult reviewers, is to ask far more than most children can hope to achieve.Ex: One moonlight night Sweeny was brought to our notice by his ejaculations of impatience at being obliged to come to a dead halt.Ex: One look convinced the employer that she was unsuited for the work, and he marked her down as unsuitable.* señalar a Alguien = put + Alguien + on the spot.* señalar con el dedo = point + the fingers at.* señalar con un círculo = circle.señalar22 = bring to + Posesivo + attention, get at, indicate, mark, point, point out, signal, signify, stress, note, state, point + (a/the) finger(s) at.Ex: Errors in colleagues' work should be brought to their attention tactfully and not in the presence of others = A los compañeros se les debería hacer ver sus errores discretamente y no en presencia de otros.
Ex: What I'm getting at is this: At least in the CIP entry that I have seen, LC, following customary practice, made a title entry for the main title, 'Women in Librarianship', but nothing under Melvil's 'Rib Symposium'.Ex: The general index of CC lists isolates and indicates where they may be found as in a relative index.Ex: In addition, synthesis often requires the use of a facet indicator, which marks the beginning of a new facet for example.Ex: An arrow pointing upwards indicates when the terminal is in insert mode.Ex: By means of the arrangement of document substitutes in library catalogues, and also by the arrangement of documents themselves, it is possible to point out, or indicate, classes of documents.Ex: Main classes are denoted by a capital letter, and in most classes a second capital letter is used to signal major sections or subclasses.Ex: Within one main class the same piece of notation may be used to signify different concepts.Ex: However, it must be stressed that these problems are still in the future.Ex: In the future, a number of further developments can be fairly confidently predicted in addition to the expansion of those noted above.Ex: Short abstracts are generally preferred, but there are instances where the most effective approach is to cite the original unamended, and to state that this is what has been done.Ex: It is easy to point the fingers at the refs.* señalar diferencias = point out + differences, note + difference, point to + differences.* señalar las dificultades = note + difficulties.* señalar similitudes = point out + similarities.* * *señalar [A1 ]vtA(indicar): nos señaló la ruta en un mapa she showed us the route o pointed out the route to us on a mapme señaló con el dedo qué pasteles quería he pointed out to me which cakes he wantedlas manecillas del reloj señalaban las doce the hands of the clock showed twelveB (marcar) to marklos he señalado con una cruz I've marked them with a cross, I've put a cross by themC (afirmar) to point outseñaló la necesidad de abrir nuevos hospitales she pointed out the need to open new hospitalsD (fijar) ‹fecha› to fix, seta la hora señalada at the appointed o arranged timeseñalaron el día 15 como fecha tope they set o fixed the deadline for the 15then el lugar señalado in the appointed o agreed placeE (anunciar) to markla llegada de las cigüeñas señala el final del invierno the arrival of the storks marks o signals the end of winterto distinguish oneselfse señaló por su heroísmo en la guerra during the war he distinguished himself by his heroism* * *
señalar ( conjugate señalar) verbo transitivo
1 ( indicar) ‹ruta/camino› to show;
me señaló con el dedo he pointed at me (with his finger);
señalarle algo a algn to show sb sth, point sth out to sb;
me señaló con el dedo qué pasteles quería he pointed out (to me) which cakes he wanted
2 (marcar con lápiz, rotulador) to mark
3 ( afirmar) to point out;◊ señaló que … she pointed out that …
4 ( fijar) ‹ fecha› to fix, set;◊ en el lugar señalado in the appointed o agreed place
5 ( anunciar) to mark
verbo intransitivo
to point
señalar verbo transitivo
1 (con el dedo) to point at
(desprestigiar)
2 (apuntar, subrayar) me gustaría señalar que..., I would like to point out that...
3 (señalizar) to indicate: la brújula señalaba el norte, the compass was pointing North
4 (una fecha) to fix
5 (dejar una marca o huella) el navajazo le señaló la cara, the knife wound scarred his face
' señalar' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
apuntar
- indicar
- marcar
- dar
- dedo
- penalty
- puntero
- puntualizar
English:
appoint
- designate
- mark
- must
- pinpoint
- point
- point out
- signal
- at
- give
- indicate
- show
- single
* * *♦ vt1. [marcar] to mark;[hora, temperatura] to indicate, to show;el termómetro señalaba 10 grados the thermometer showed 10 degrees;la brújula debe señalar el norte the compass should indicate north;cuando el reloj señale las doce when the clock says twelve;las elecciones de aquel año señalaron el comienzo de la transición that year's elections marked the beginning of the transition2. [apuntar] to point out;nos señaló con el dedo he pointed at us;no quiero señalar a nadie, pero… I don't want to point the finger at anyone, but…;la flecha señala el camino the arrow indicates the path;me señaló los errores que había cometido he showed me o pointed out to me the mistakes I had made3. [ser el inicio de] to mark, to signal;las lluvias señalan la llegada del monzón the rains signal o announce the arrival of the monsoon4. [recalcar] to point out;me gustaría señalar que… I'd like to point out that…5. [fijar] to set, to fix;aún no han señalado el día de la boda they haven't yet fixed the date of the wedding;señaló su valor en 1.000 dólares he set o fixed its value at 1,000 dollars6. [ganado] to brand* * *v/t1 indicate, point out;señalar a alguien con el dedo tb fig point at s.o.3 ( fijar) set, decide on* * *señalar vt1) indicar: to indicate, to show2) : to mark3) : to point out, to stress4) : to fix, to set* * *señalar vb1. (marcar) to mark -
89 supuesto
adj.supposed, hypothetical, assumed, alleged.m.supposition, assumption.past part.past participle of spanish verb: suponer.* * *1 (suposición) supposition, assumption2 (hipótesis) hypothesis————————1→ link=suponer suponer► adjetivo1 (que se supone) supposed, assumed2 (pretendido) so-called, self-styled1 (suposición) supposition, assumption2 (hipótesis) hypothesis\dar algo por supuesto,-a to take something for granteden el supuesto de que... supposing that...nombre supuesto assumed name* * *1. (f. - supuesta)adj.2. noun m.* * *1.PP de suponer2. ADJ1) (=falso) [nombre] assumed, false2) (=no demostrado) supposed3)¡por supuesto! — of course!
-¿puedo usar su teléfono? -¡por supuesto! — "can I use your phone?" - "of course (you can)!"
4)5)supuesto que — frm (=dando por sentado que) assuming; (=en caso de que) in the event of
3.SM (=hipótesis) assumption* * *I- ta adjetivoa) ( falso) falseel supuesto electricista — the so-called o supposed electrician
b) ( que se rumorea)c)¿lo sabías? - por supuesto que sí! — did you know? - of course I did!
IIdar algo por supuesto — to take something for granted
masculino suppositionen el supuesto de que tenga un accidente — should you have an accident, in the event of an accident
* * *I- ta adjetivoa) ( falso) falseel supuesto electricista — the so-called o supposed electrician
b) ( que se rumorea)c)¿lo sabías? - por supuesto que sí! — did you know? - of course I did!
IIdar algo por supuesto — to take something for granted
masculino suppositionen el supuesto de que tenga un accidente — should you have an accident, in the event of an accident
* * *supuesto11 = assumption, construct, presumption, presupposition [pre-supposition].Ex: Also, in controlled indexing language data bases, there is often an assumption that a user will be prepared to chase strings of references or to consult a sometimes complex thesaurus.
Ex: Often they use rather fancy words, such as 'theoretical models' or ' constructs' or 'paradigms' to describe what are, very frequently, no more than hypothetical ideas or categorisations which have little empirical evidence to back them up.Ex: Some of these presumptions have served only to perpetuate misconceptions of collection.Ex: Computers hold pre-defined and fixed presuppositions, whilst those of humans are unpredictable.* ¡por supuesto que no! = God forbid.* por supuesto = of course, surely, to be sure, certainly.* ¡por supuesto que no! = heaven forbid.* supuesto práctico = case.supuesto22 = alleged, perceived, so-called, assumed, imagined, imaginary example, presumable, putative, reputed, presumptive, apparent.Ex: Meanwhile the ALA and others are making wildly improbable statements about the supposedly numerous opportunities for library school graduates due to the alleged shortage of librarians.
Ex: The arrangements should also negotiate resistance to perceived 'American dominance', erode price differentials between Europe and the US, and permit each country to support its own online services.Ex: DOBIS/LIBIS contains a so-called 'help' capability.Ex: This article discusses the advantages of storing information on discs which have an assumed life span of 20 years.Ex: In recent years, then, there has been much less scaremongering about the imagined horrors of drowning in a sea of paper.Ex: An imaginary example for a distributed fact retrieval process, based on current tools and systems, is analysed in order to clarify the requirements of such an intermediary system.Ex: A study was made of 8 indexes and abstracts of presumable interest to students of communication.Ex: Not all putative delegates were able to attend the conference -- some, e.g., were refused visas.Ex: Another doctor confirmed Karr's reputed plans for sex-change surgery.Ex: Thirty patients with a diagnosis of presumptive bacterial conjunctivitis were assessed in a randomized trial.Ex: Victim of an apparent assassination attempt, his face was left permanently disfigured and pockmarked.* * *1 (falso) falseactuaba bajo un nombre supuesto he worked under a false o an assumed nameel supuesto electricista resultó ser un ladrón the so-called o supposed electrician proved to be a thief2(que se rumorea): la radio desmintió su supuesta muerte reports of his death were denied on the radiosu supuesta enfermedad her supposed illness3por supuesto of course¿vendrás? — ¡por supuesto! are you going to come? — of course!¿lo sabías? — ¡por supuesto que sí! did you know? — of course I did!dar algo por supuesto to take sth for grantedsuppositionsu teoría descansa en un supuesto fundamental his theory rests on one fundamental supposition¿y en el supuesto de que no acepten? and supposing they don't accept?, what if they don't accept?en el supuesto de que suceda alguna catástrofe in the event of a disasterpartiendo del supuesto de que no sabían nada working on the assumption that they knew nothingen el supuesto de que tenga un accidente should you have an accident, in the event of an accident* * *
Del verbo suponer: ( conjugate suponer)
supuesto es:
el participio
Multiple Entries:
suponer
supuesto
suponer ( conjugate suponer) verbo transitivo
1
◊ supongamos que lo que dice es cierto let's suppose o assume what he says is true;
suponiendo que todo salga bien assuming everything goes OKb) ( imaginar):
¿va a venir hoy? — supongo que sí is she coming today? — I should think so o I suppose so;
es de supuesto que se lo habrán dicho presumably o I should think he's been told;
se supone que empieza a las nueve it's supposed to start at nine
2 (significar, implicar) to mean;
supuesto 1◊ -ta adjetivo
el supuesto mendigo the supposed beggar
c)
dar algo por supuesto to take sth for granted
supuesto 2 sustantivo masculino
supposition
suponer verbo transitivo
1 (creer, imaginar) to suppose: supongamos que..., let's assume o suppose that...
supongo que me llamarán, I presume they're going to phone me
supongo que sí, I suppose so
se supone que acaba a las seis, it's supposed to finish at six
se supone que él es el entendido, he's supposed to be the expert
te suponía en París, I thought you were in Paris
2 (conllevar, significar) to mean, involve: no supone ningún riesgo, it doesn't involve any risk
(la amistad, el aprecio) to mean ➣ Ver nota en mean
♦ Locuciones: ser de suponer: es de suponer que se lo han contado, presumably o I would imagine she's been told
ser un suponer, to be conjecture
supuesto,-a
I adj pey (presumiendo: falsedad) ese supuesto artista, that so-called artist
(: inocencia) alleged
el supuesto asesino, the alleged murderer
II m (conjetura) assumption
en el supuesto de que, on the assumption that: en el supuesto de que te pregunten, supposing you are asked
♦ Locuciones: dar por supuesto, to take sthg for granted
por supuesto, of course
supuesto que, since, inasmuch that
' supuesto' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
dar
- supuesta
- partir
- presupuesto
English:
assumption
- boon
- course
- ostensible
- professed
- reputed
- so-called
- supposed
- would-be
- go
- means
- naturally
- so
- sure
- surely
* * *supuesto, -a♦ participiover suponer♦ adj1. [hipotético] supposed;[culpable, asesino] alleged;no se ha confirmado el supuesto ataque al corazón del presidente there has been no confirmation of the president's supposed o alleged heart attack2. [falso] false;actuó bajo un nombre supuesto he acted under a false o assumed name♦ nmsupposition, assumption;en el supuesto de que venga assuming (that) he comes;esto no es más que un supuesto this is no more than a supposition;en estos supuestos no es válido el principio general in these cases the general rule does not apply;partimos del supuesto de que todo va a salir bien we're working on the assumption that everything will turn out right;supuestos de cancelación grounds for cancellation♦ por supuesto loc advof course;¿te gusta? – por supuesto do you like it? – of course;¿la invitarás? – por supuesto que sí/no are you going to invite her? – of course I am/of course not;por supuesto que puedes venir of course you can come;por supuesto que si te deja de interesar, te puedes retirar of course if you lose interest, you can always back out;dar algo por supuesto to take sth for granted;doy por supuesto que te interesa I take it for granted that you're interested* * *I part → suponerII adj supposed, alleged;por supuesto of course;dar algo por supuesto take sth as readIII m assumption* * *supuesto, -ta adj1) : supposed, alleged2)por supuesto : of course, absolutely* * *supuesto adj1. (presunto) alleged2. (falso) supposed / assumed -
90 advertising
1. n рек., марк. рекламування; реклама; 2. рекламна діяльність; 3. рекламне оголошення; a рекламний1. оплачене ідентифікованим спонсором поширення через ЗМІ інформації про товари, продукцію (product), послуги (service¹), ідеї, марки (brand), яка спрямована на цільову аудиторію (target audience) і покликана стимулювати попит на ці товари, послуги тощо; ♦ рекламування як один із компонентів маркетингу (marketing communication) поділяють на два основні види: рекламування для створення популярності організації (institutional advertising) і рекламування продукції (product advertising); 2. комерційна діяльність зі створення, розповсюдження та продажу реклами (advertisement); 3. рекламне оголошення (advertisement)═════════■═════════above-the-line advertising реклама з агентською знижкою; accessory advertising допоміжна реклама; advance advertising попередня реклама; adversary advertising реклама, що протидіє; advocacy advertising рекламно-пропагандистська кампанія; airline advertising реклама авіакомпанії; aisle advertising реклама у проході між полицями в крамниці; annoying advertising подразлива реклама; audiovisual advertising аудіовізуальна реклама; auditory advertising акустична реклама • звукова реклама; auxiliary advertising допоміжна реклама; bait advertising спокуслива реклама; bait and switch advertising реклама із мерехтливою принадою; bank advertising банківська реклама; bargain-basement advertising реклама, яка пропонує товар за низькими цінами; below-the-line advertising рекламні замовлення, які не дають агентської знижки; beverage advertising реклама напоїв; billboard advertising щитова реклама; block advertising блокова реклама; borax advertising настирлива реклама; brand advertising рекламування марки • рекламування торговельної марки; brand image advertising реклама товарної марки; brand name advertising реклама торгової назви фірмової марки; broadcast advertising рекламування засобами радіо; burst advertising короткострокове раптове рекламування; business-to-business (B-B) advertising реклама для підприємств; cable advertising реклама на кабельному телебаченні; cause-and-issue advertising проблемна реклама • реклама, яка спрямована на суспільні проблеми; cinema advertising кінореклама; classified advertising реклама, згрупована у рубрики; commercial advertising торговельна реклама • комерційна реклама; commodity advertising рекламування товару; comparative advertising реклама, розрахована на дискредитацію товару конкурента; comparison advertising порівняльне рекламування; competitive advertising конкурентне рекламування; concept advertising реклама задуму • реклама ідеї; consumer advertising рекламування споживчих товарів • споживча реклама; contemporary advertising сучасна реклама; controversial advertising суперечлива реклама • дискусійна реклама; cooperative advertising спільне рекламування; corporate advertising рекламування організації • рекламування для створення популярності організації; corrective advertising реклама, яка виправляє помилкову інформацію або помилкове враження; coupon advertising купонна реклама; creative advertising творча реклама; crossruff advertising колективна реклама; current advertising поточне рекламування; deceptive advertising облудна реклама • реклама неякісних товарів • неправдива реклама; demonstration advertising наочна реклама • переконлива реклама; denigratory advertising ганебна реклама конкурентів • ганебна реклама; direct advertising пряме рекламування; direct-mail advertising пряма поштова реклама; directory advertising рекламні оголошення в довідниках; direct response advertising пряма поштова реклама; display advertising вітринно-виставкове рекламування; domestic advertising рекламування місцевих товарів; effective advertising ефективна реклама; endorsement advertising рекламування з підтримкою; entertaining advertising розважальна реклама; ethical advertising етичне рекламування; existing advertising поточна реклама; expensive advertising дорога реклама; eye-catching advertising яскрава реклама; factual advertising реклама, яка обґрунтована фактами; false advertising облудна реклама • неправдива реклама; fashion advertising реклама моди; film advertising кінореклама • реклама з допомогою кінофільмів; financial advertising фінансове рекламування; flexform advertising реклама довільної форми; follow-up advertising повторна реклама; food advertising реклама харчових продуктів; foreign advertising закордонна реклама; fraudulent advertising шахрайська реклама; free advertising безплатна реклама; front-page advertising реклама на титульній сторонці; general advertising реклама на широку публіку; generic advertising рекламування групи товарів; global advertising всесвітня реклама; government advertising реклама від імені урядових органів • урядова реклама; grocery advertising реклама бакалійно-гастрономічних товарів; graphic advertising графічне рекламування; group advertising групова реклама; hard-sell advertising наполегливе рекламування • агресивне рекламування; heavy advertising інтенсивна реклама; high-pressure advertising настійне рекламування • агресивне рекламування; house advertising власне рекламування фірми • внутрішньофірмове рекламування; hype-type advertising гучне рекламування; image advertising рекламування образу • рекламування іміджу; impact advertising спонукальна реклама; indirect advertising непряме рекламування; indirect-action advertising реклама непрямого впливу; industrial advertising промислове рекламування; inferior advertising неякісне рекламування; information advertising реклама, насичена інформацією • інформаційна реклама; in-house advertising власне рекламування фірми • внутрішньофірмове рекламування; initial advertising початкова реклама; innovative advertising новаторське рекламування; institutional advertising рекламування організації • рекламування для популяризації організації; international advertising міжнародне рекламування; interstate advertising рекламування для міжштатного розповсюдження; introductory advertising вступна реклама; investor-solicitation advertising рекламування для зацікавлення вкладників; issue advertising реклама, яка висвітлює суспільні проблеми; journal advertising рекламування в спеціалізованих виданнях • рекламування в журналах; keyed advertising шифроване рекламне оголошення; large-scale advertising великомасштабне рекламування; launch advertising упроваджувальна реклама • реклама впровадження товару • реклама, що оголошує про випуск нового товару; legal advertising правове рекламування; litter-bin advertising рекламування на сміттєвих урнах; local advertising місцеве рекламування; long-term advertising довгострокове рекламування; low-pressure advertising ненав'язливе рекламування; mail-order advertising рекламування торгівлі «товари поштою» • реклама, передана поштою; magazine advertising журнальне рекламування • рекламування в журналах; mail advertising рекламування поштою • реклама, передана поштою; mass advertising масове рекламування • реклама масового охоплення; mass media advertising рекламування в засобах масової інформації; misleading advertising оманливе рекламування • неправдиве рекламування; mobile advertising реклама на транспортних засобах; multimedia advertising рекламування, що користується кількома засобами масової інформації; multinational advertising багатонаціональна реклама; name advertising реклама назви • реклама-назва; national advertising національне рекламування; natural break advertising рекламування в перервах між програмами; newspaper advertising газетна реклама; novelty advertising рекламування новинок; objective advertising об'єктивне рекламування; offbeat advertising нешаблонне рекламування • оригінальне рекламування; off-season advertising рекламування в міжсезонні • позасезонне рекламування; on-target advertising цілеспрямоване рекламування; opinion advertising експертна реклама; oral advertising усне рекламування; outdoor advertising вулична реклама; out-of-home advertising надвірне рекламування; package advertising реклама на упаковці; packaged-goods advertising рекламування фасованих товарів; persuasive advertising переконливе рекламування; point-of-purchase advertising рекламування на місці продажу-купівлі; point-of-sale advertising рекламування на місці продажу-купівлі; political advertising політична реклама; position media advertising вуличне рекламування; postal advertising поштове рекламування; postcard advertising реклама на поштових картках; poster advertising плакатне рекламування • реклама за допомогою плакатів; postmark advertising реклама на поштовому штампі; premium advertising високоякісна реклама; prestige advertising престижне рекламування; price advertising реклама цін; primary advertising основне рекламування; print advertising друковане рекламування; private sector advertising рекламування приватного сектору; problem-solution advertising рекламування щодо розв'язання проблем; producer advertising реклама від імені виробників; product advertising рекламування продуктів; product-centred advertising реклама, яка робить наголос на товарі; product-comparison advertising реклама на основі порівняння товарів; professional advertising професійне рекламування; promotional advertising заохочувальне рекламування • реклама, що заохочує попит; radio advertising радіорекламування; recruitment advertising реклама вакансій; regional advertising районне рекламування • регіональне рекламування; regular advertising систематичне рекламування; reinforcement advertising підсилювальне рекламування; repeat advertising повторне рекламування; retail advertising рекламування роздрібної торгівлі; sales advertising рекламування для збуту; screen advertising екранне рекламування; seasonal advertising сезонне рекламування; selective advertising добірна реклама; semi-display advertising тематичне вітринно-виставкове рекламування; short-term advertising короткострокове рекламування; show-window advertising вітринне рекламування; sky advertising повітряне рекламування; soft-sell advertising ненастійне рекламування; space advertising ілюстративно-зображальне рекламування • зображальне рекламування; split-run advertising рекламування з розбиттям тиражу; spot advertising рекламування у вставці; still-life advertising натюрмортне рекламування; store advertising реклама крамниці; strategic advertising стратегічне рекламування; subliminal advertising рекламування, спрямоване на підсвідомість; successful advertising успішне рекламування; superior advertising реклама вищої якості; tactical advertising тактичне рекламування; target advertising цілеспрямоване рекламування; teaser advertising подразливе рекламування; tie-in advertising супровідна реклама; tombstone advertising коротке рекламне оголошення інформаційного характеру; trade advertising торгова реклама • рекламне оголошення в торговельному виданні; trademark advertising реклама торговельного знака; traditional advertising традиційне рекламування; transit advertising реклама на транспорті; truthful advertising правдива реклама; unacceptable advertising неприпустима реклама; unfair advertising несумлінне рекламування; untruthful advertising неправдива реклама; vertical cooperative advertising вертикальна спільна реклама; viewpoint advertising рекламування точки зору; visual advertising зорова реклама; vocational advertising реклама, розрахована на професіоналів; word-of-mouth advertising реклама, яка твориться споживачами • реклама з уст в уста; written advertising письмове рекламування; year-round advertising цілорічне рекламування; yellow-pages advertising; zero-based advertising реклама з нуля═════════□═════════advertising account рахунок за рекламу; advertising activities рекламна діяльність; advertising agency рекламне агентство; advertising agency network мережа рекламних агентств; advertising agent рекламний агент; advertising aids рекламні матеріали; advertising allowance знижка для компенсації витрат на рекламування; advertising and publicity реклама і пропаганда • реклама і популяризація; advertising appeal привабливість реклами • рекламна концепція; advertising budget кошторис на рекламування; advertising campaign рекламна кампанія; advertising consultant порадник з рекламування • консультант з рекламування; advertising contract рекламний контракт; advertising copy рекламний текст; advertising costs витрати на рекламу; advertising department рекламний відділ; advertising director директор рекламного підприємства; advertising effect вплив реклами; advertising effectiveness ефективність реклами; advertising effort рекламна діяльність; advertising expenses витрати на рекламу; advertising expert спеціаліст з реклами; advertising exposure рекламний контакт; advertising film рекламний фільм; advertising industry рекламна галузь; advertising literature рекламне видання • рекламні проспекти; advertising malpractice зловживання в галузі реклами; advertising manager керівник рекламного агентства; advertising material рекламний матеріал; advertising media засоби рекламування; advertising medium засіб рекламування; advertising price рекламна ціна; advertising profit прибуток з рекламування; advertising rate рекламна ставка; advertising registers рекламні довідники; advertising research дослідження у галузі рекламування; advertising revenue дохід з рекламування; advertising slogan рекламний слоган; advertising space місце на рекламу; advertising spot рекламна вставка на телебаченні або радіомовленні; advertising standards норми рекламування • стандарти рекламування; advertising standards authority орган стандартизації в галузі реклами; advertising value вартість реклами; advertising weight ефект реклами; to arrange advertising організувати рекламу; to do the advertising виготовляти/виготовити рекламу; to finance advertising фінансувати рекламуadvertising¹ ‡ A. four principles of marketing (386)пр. publicity▹▹ promotion¹* * *розміщення оголошень; розміщення реклами; рекламування -
91 strategy
n мен. стратегія; політика; поведінка; спосіб дії; a стратегічнийплан і передбачений спосіб дії для виконання і забезпечення цілей компанії чи інших організацій═════════■═════════admissible strategy припустима стратегія; advertising strategy стратегія реклами • рекламна стратегія; available • доступна стратегія; bargaining strategy стратегія торгів • стратегія проведення торгів • стратегія переговорів; best strategy найкраща стратегія; bidding strategy стратегія торгів; brand extension strategy стратегія розширення марки; broad strategyies загальні стратегічні напрями; business strategy стратегія ділової активності; campaign strategy стратегія кампанії • стратегія рекламної кампанії; cautious strategy обережна стратегія; communication strategy стратегія комунікації; competitive strategy конкурентоспроможна стратегія • стратегія підходу до конкурентів; competitive marketing strategy маркетингова стратегія • підхід до конкурентів; composite strategy складова стратегія; copy strategy текстова стратегія • загальний підхід до тексту; core strategy основоположна стратегія • основна стратегія; corporate strategy стратегічний напрям фірми • загальнофірмова стратегія; corporate identity strategy стратегія фірмового стилю; creative strategy творча стратегія; development strategy стратегія розвитку; discount strategy стратегія зниження цін; distribution strategy стратегія розповсюдження товару; dominant strategy домінуюча стратегія; duplicated strategy дубльована стратегія; effective strategy ефективна стратегія; empirical strategy емпірична стратегія; entry strategy стратегія входу; equilibrium strategy стратегія рівноваги; essential strategy суттєва стратегія; expansion strategy стратегія розширення; experience-curve pricing strategy стратегія ціноутворення на основі кривої досвідченості; feedback strategy стратегія зі зворотним зв'язком; flexible strategy гнучка стратегія; follow-up strategy стратегія наступної роботи • додаткова стратегія • послідовна стратегія; forecasting strategy стратегія прогнозування; forward strategy наступальна стратегія; general strategy загальна стратегія; geographic pricing strategy стратегія ціноутворення за географічним принципом; good-value strategy стратегія якості; grim-trigger strategy стратегія «спускового гачка» • стратегія взаємодії компаній в умовах олігополії; growth strategy стратегія зростання; hard-line strategy жорстка стратегія; inadmissible strategy неприпустима стратегія; independent strategy незалежна стратегія; initial strategy початкова стратегія; interaction strategy стратегія взаємодії; interest-rate strategy стратегія відсоткової ставки; intervention strategy стратегія втручання; joint strategy спільна стратегія; linear strategy лінійна стратегія • математично обчислена стратегія; long-term strategy довгострокова стратегія • перспективна стратегія; management strategy стратегія менеджменту • стратегія управління виробництвом; market strategy ринкова стратегія; market coverage strategy стратегія охоплення ринку; market entry strategy стратегія входу на ринок; market expanding strategy стратегія розширення ринку; marketing strategy стратегія маркетингу • маркетингова стратегія; marketing mix strategy стратегія формування маркетингового комплексу; maximin strategy максимінна стратегія; media strategy стратегія вибору засобів реклами; message strategy стратегія звернення; milking strategy стратегія «видоювання» ринку; minimax strategy мінімаксна стратегія; mixed strategy змішана стратегія; monopoly strategy монополістична стратегія; multi-brand strategy багатомарочна стратегія; multistage strategy багатоступенева стратегія; nonoverlapping strategyies стратегії, які не перетинаються; optimal strategy оптимальна стратегія; ordering strategy порядок подання замовлень; overall sales strategy загальна стратегія збуту; penetration strategy стратегія проникнення; permissible strategy допустима стратегія; price strategy стратегія ціноутворення; pricing strategy стратегія ціноутворення; product strategy товарна політика • стратегія товару; production strategy стратегія виробництва; product-line strategy стратегія товарного асортименту; profit-taking strategy стратегія отримання максимально можливого прибутку; promotion strategy стратегія стимулювання • стратегія просування товару; public relations strategy стратегія громадських зв'язків; pull strategy; pure strategy чиста стратегія; push strategy; reach strategy стратегія охоплення; randomizing strategy випадкова стратегія • стратегія за правилами теорії вірогідності; replacement strategy стратегія поповнення запасів • порядок заміни устаткування; replenishment strategy стратегія поповнення запасів; rip-off strategy стратегія пограбування; sales strategy торговельна стратегія • збутова стратегія; sales-force strategy стратегія роботи торговельного апарату; scheduling strategy стратегія календарного планування • стратегія оперативного управління виробництвом; search strategy стратегія пошуку; segmentation strategy стратегія сегментації ринку • підхід до сегментації ринку; selling strategy торговельна стратегія; social change strategy стратегія суспільних змін; spending strategy стратегія витрат; stationary strategy статична стратегія; strict strategy чиста стратегія; team strategy колективний стратегічний підхід • гуртовий стратегічний підхід; technological strategy технологічна стратегія; thrifty strategy економічна стратегія; tit-for-tat strategy стратегія повторення ходів супротивника • стратегія «око за око»; upgrading strategy стратегія підняття рівня • стратегія підняття якісного рівня; winning strategy переможна стратегія═════════□═════════dominant strategy equilibrium рівновага домінуючої стратегії; strategy formulation формулювання стратегії; strategy of overcharging стратегія завищення цін; to carry out a strategy виконувати/виконати стратегію; to develop a strategy розробляти/розробити стратегію • розвивати/розвинути стратегію; to draw up strategy оформляти/оформити стратегію; to follow a strategy дотримуватися/дотриматися стратегії; to plan a strategy планувати/запланувати стратегію; to play a strategy застосовувати/застосувати стратегію; to pursue a strategy дотримуватися/дотриматися стратегії; to work out a strategy розробляти/розробити стратегію • розвивати/розвинути стратегію* * *стратегія ( відносно галузі або країни); основні напрями діяльності -
92 mean
[mi:n] I adjective1) (not generous (with money etc): He's very mean (with his money / over pay).) skop2) (likely or intending to cause harm or annoyance: It is mean to tell lies.) grd3) ((especially American) bad-tempered, vicious or cruel: a mean mood.) popadljiv4) ((of a house etc) of poor quality; humble: a mean dwelling.) reven•- meanly- meanness
- meanie II 1. adjective1) ((of a statistic) having the middle position between two points, quantities etc: the mean value on a graph.) srednji2) (average: the mean annual rainfall.) povprečen2. noun(something that is midway between two opposite ends or extremes: Three is the mean of the series one to five.) sredinaIII 1. past tense, past participle - meant; verb1) (to (intend to) express, show or indicate: `Vacation' means `holiday'; What do you mean by (saying/doing) that?) pomeniti2) (to intend: I meant to go to the exhibition but forgot; For whom was that letter meant?; He means (= is determined) to be a rich man some day.) nameravati•- meaning2. adjective((of a look, glance etc) showing a certain feeling or giving a certain message: The teacher gave the boy a meaning look when he arrived late.) pomenljiv- meaningless
- be meant to
- mean well* * *I [mi:n]adjectivenizek, navaden, manjvreden (stan, rod); boren, reven, oguljen, odrgnjen, umazan; nepomemben; prostaški, nizkoten, podel; skop, stiskaški; American colloquially popadljiv, hudoben (konj); American colloquially bolehenno mean foe — sovražnik, ki ni za podcenjevanjeno mean scholar — pametna glava. pomemben učenjakAmerican mean white — siromašen belec na jugu ZDAAmerican to feel mean over — sramovati se česaII [mi:n]adjectivesrednji, povprečenIII [mi:n]nounsredina; povprečje, povprečnost; (plural z glagolom v singular) sredstvo, način; plural premoženjeto be a means of — bitt česa kriv, biti povod za kajby all (manner of) means — vsekakor, na vsak način, za vsako cenoBritish English means test — preveritev premoženjskih razmer delavca, ki prejema socialno podporoIV [mi:n]1.transitive verbnameravati, imeti vmislih, kaniti, hoteti; (zlasti pasiv) nameniti ( for za); meniti, misliti; pomeniti;2.intransitive verbpomeniti (to komu)to mean mischief — imeti zlobne namene, imeti kaj za bregomto mean well (ill) by ( —ali to) s.o. — dobro (slabo) komu želeti, biti komu (ne)naklonjenwhat do you mean by it? — kaj hočeš s tem reči?, kaj naj to pomeni?to mean little to s o. — komu malo pomenitiI mean you to go — želim, da greš -
93 rete
la Rete f information technology World Wide Web* * *rete s.f.1 net: rete per capelli, hairnet; rete per farfalle, butterfly net; rete da pesca, fishing net; rete portabagagli, (su treni ecc.) luggage rack; rete a deriva, drift net; rete a strascico, trawl; rete paravesti, ( della bicicletta) dress-guard; rete del letto, (sprung) bed base; rete metallica, wire netting; rete parasiluri, (anti)torpedo net; gettare, tirare la rete, to cast, to haul in the net; pescare con le reti, to net; prendere uccelli, pesci nella rete, to net birds, fish2 (fig.) ( sistema articolato) network, system: rete dei paralleli e dei meridiani, grid of parallels and meridians; rete di binari, rail network; rete di fognatura, drainage system; rete di tubazioni, pipe network (o piping o piping system); rete elettrica, electric system; rete ferroviaria, railway system (o network); rete stradale, road network; rete telefonica, telegrafica, telephone, telegraph system; una rete di spie, di spacciatori, a spy, drug's network; rete terroristica, terrorist network // (comm.): rete di distribuzione, distribution system; rete di vendita, sales (o dealer) network // (inform.): rete a valore aggiunto, value-added network (abbr. VAN); rete di audiomessaggeria, voice mail; rete di elaboratori, computer network // (tel.): rete di trasmissione ( dati), (data) communication network; rete logica, logic network; rete analogica, analog network; rete a derivazione multipla, multipoint network; rete di commutazione a pacchetti, packet switching network; rete in cavo, cable network // (geogr.) rete idrografica, drainage system // (elettr.) rete di distribuzione, grid (system) // (rad.) rete di antenne, aerial array // (tv) le reti nazionali, estere, private, the national, foreign, private networks3 (fig.) ( inganno) net, snare, trap: cadere nella rete, to fall into the net (o trap); prendere nella rete, to catch in the net; rimanere nella propria rete, to be caught in one's own trap; tendere una rete, to lay a snare4 ( tennis) tennis-net; gettare la palla in rete, to net the ball; scendere a rete, to come up to the net5 ( calcio) ( rete) net; ( porta, punto) goal: fare, segnare una rete, to score a goal; tirare in rete, to shoot; vincere per tre reti a una, to win by three goals to one // Rete!, Goal!6 ( borsa per la spesa) string bag7 (anat.) rete*.* * *['rete]sostantivo femminile1) netgettare, tirare le -i — to cast, haul in the nets
3) (di condutture, strade, canali) network, system4) (di persone) networkuna rete di spie, di trafficanti di droga — a spy, drug dealers network, a spy, drug ring
6) telev. network7) inform. networkcollegare in rete — to network [ computer]
8) (del letto) sprung bed base9) fig.prendere qcn. nella rete — to catch sb. in a trap
finire o cadere nella rete — to fall into a trap o the net
•rete di distribuzione — (di prodotti) distribution network; (di servizi) supply system
rete telefonica — telephone system o network
* * *rete/'rete/sostantivo f.1 net; gettare, tirare le -i to cast, haul in the nets2 sart. tecn. tess. netting; (di metallo) mesh, meshwork, wire netting; (nel circo) safety net; calze a rete fishnet stockings3 (di condutture, strade, canali) network, system4 (di persone) network; una rete di spie, di trafficanti di droga a spy, drug dealers network, a spy, drug ring5 sport (nel tennis) net; (nel calcio) net, goal; (goal) goal; tirare in rete to shoot the ball in; andare in rete to score (a goal)6 telev. network8 (del letto) sprung bed base9 fig. prendere qcn. nella rete to catch sb. in a trap; finire o cadere nella rete to fall into a trap o the netrete per capelli hairnet; rete di comunicazione communications network; rete di distribuzione (di prodotti) distribution network; (di servizi) supply system; rete elettrica electricity network; rete idrografica river system; rete stradale road network; rete telefonica telephone system o network; rete dei trasporti transport system; rete di vendita sales network. -
94 device
1) прибор; устройство; установка2) компонент; элемент4) фигура речи5) девиз; лозунг•- λ-device- λ-shaped negative-resistance device
- absolute pointing device
- absolute value device
- accumulation-mode charge-coupled device
- acoustic correlation device
- acoustic delay device
- acoustic imaging device
- acoustic-surface-wave device
- acoustic-surface-wave interaction charge-coupled device
- acoustic-volume-wave device
- acoustic-wave device
- acoustooptic device
- acoustoresistive device
- active device
- active medium propagation device
- adaptive device
- add-on device
- all-junction device
- aluminum-gate MOS device
- amorphous semiconductor memory device
- amorphous semiconductor switching device
- analog device
- answer device
- antihunt device
- anti-inrush device
- antijamming device
- anti-pumping device
- antisidetone device
- antistatic device
- antistrike device
- AO device
- arc-control device
- array device
- attached device
- attention device
- audible signal device
- audio device
- audio-response device
- augmentative device
- autocorrelation device
- automatic holding device
- automatic-alarm-signal keying device
- avalanche device
- avalanche-effect device
- backup device
- band-compression device
- beam-expanding device
- beam-lead device
- beam-manipulating device
- beam-narrowing device
- beam-transforming device
- bidirectional device
- bipolar device
- bistable device
- bistable optical device
- block device
- BlueTooth device
- bogey electron device
- bubble device
- bubble domain device
- bubble lattice storage device
- bubble memory device
- bucket-brigade charge-coupled device
- bucket-brigade device
- built-in pointing device
- bulk channel charge-coupled device
- bulk-acoustic-wave device
- bulk-charge-coupled device
- bulk-effect device
- bulk-property device
- bulk-type acoustooptic device
- bunching device
- buried channel charge-coupled device
- burst device
- bus-powered device
- callback port protection device
- calling device
- carrier-operated antinoise device
- cascade charge-coupled device
- cascaded thermoelectric device
- center-bonded device
- CFAR device
- character device
- charge-control device
- charge-coupled device
- charge-coupled imaging device
- charge-coupled line imaging device
- charge-coupled storage device
- charge-injection device
- charge-injection imaging device
- charge-transfer device
- charge-trapping device
- chip device
- chip-and-wire device
- clip-on pointing device
- clustered devices
- CMOS device
- coder device
- coherent electroluminescence device
- color imaging device
- COM device
- complex programmable logic device
- compound device
- computer output microfilm device
- conductively connected charge-coupled device
- constant false-alarm ratio device
- consumer device
- contiguous-disk bubble domain device
- controlled avalanche device
- controlled-surface device
- correlation device
- countermeasure devices
- coupling device
- cross-correlation device
- cross-field device
- cryogenic device
- current-access magnetic bubble device
- current-controlled device
- current-controlled differential-negative-resistance device
- current-controlled DNR device
- current-mode logic device
- current-operated device
- custom device
- data entry device
- data preparation device
- data recording device
- deception devices
- decision-making device
- decoding device
- dedicated device
- deformable-mirror device
- DEFT device
- delay device
- dense device
- depletion-mode device
- detecting device
- DI device
- dielectric isolation device
- diffused device
- digit delay device
- digital device
- digital micromirror device
- diode-array imaging device
- direct electronic Fourier transform device
- direct-access storage device
- direct-view device
- direct-viewing device
- discrete device
- disk device
- display device
- distributed diode device
- distributed interaction device
- division device
- D-MOS device
- domain propagation device
- domain-tip device
- double-negative-resistance-device
- double-quantum stimulated-emission device
- dynamically configurable device
- eavesdropping device
- E-beam fabricated device
- EBS device
- edge-bonded device
- EL device
- elastooptic device
- electrically programmable logic device
- electroluminescence device
- electromagnetic device
- electron device
- electron-beam semiconductor device
- electronic device
- electronic imaging device
- electron-optical device
- electrooptical device
- elementary MOS device
- embedded device
- encoding device
- end device
- energy conversion device
- enhancement-mode device
- epiplanar device
- epitaxial-device
- error-sensing device
- exchange-coupled thin-film memory device
- external control device
- false-echo devices
- Faraday-rotation device
- fast-discharge device
- ferrite device
- ferroelectric device
- FET device
- fiber-laser device
- field-access memory device
- field-effect device
- field-effect transistor device
- field-emission device
- field-programmable interconnect device
- file device
- file-protection device
- fixed tap-weight bucket-brigade device
- floating-gate device
- fluidic-device
- follow-up device
- four-layer device
- four-terminal device
- Frame Relay access device
- free-electron device
- freestanding pointing device
- FS device
- full-speed device
- functional device
- galvanomagnetic device
- galvanomagnetic semiconductor device
- gate-array device
- graphic input device
- graphic output device
- gripping device
- groove locating device
- guided-wave acoustooptic device
- guided-wave AO Bragg device
- Gunn device
- Gunn-effect device
- gyromagnetic device
- Hall device
- Hall-effect device
- harbor echo ranging and listening device
- head-cleaning device
- heteroepitaxial device
- heterojunction device
- high-technology device
- high-threshold device
- homing device
- hot-electron device
- human interface device
- hybrid ferromagnet-semiconductor device
- hybrid integrated-circuit device
- hybrid-type device
- I/O device
- identification device
- image-storage device
- imaging device
- implanted device
- incidental radiation device
- industrial data collection device
- infrared charge-coupled device
- input device
- input-output device
- insulated-gate device
- integrated electron device
- integrated injection device
- integrated optic device
- integrating device
- interface device
- interlocking device
- ion-implantation device
- ion-implanted bubble device
- ion-injection electrostatic plasma confinement device
- jelly-bean device
- Josephson device
- Josephson-effect device
- junction device
- junction-gate device
- keying device
- known-good device
- large-area p-n junction device
- laser annealing device
- laser device
- laser welding device
- laser-beam machining device
- leaded device
- leadless device
- left ventricular assist device
- light-detecting device
- light-emitting device
- linear beam device
- linear imaging device
- locked dynamically configurable device
- logic device
- long-channel device
- low-speed device
- low-threshold device
- LS device
- magnetic bubble device
- magnetic detecting device
- magnetic device
- magnetic flux quantum device
- magnetic tunnel junction memory device
- magnetic-wave device
- magnetoelastic-wave device
- magnetoelectronic device
- magnetooptic bubble-domain device
- magnetostatic-wave device
- magnetostrictive device
- magnetotunneling device
- majority-carrier device
- make-and-break device
- manipulating device
- marginal device
- maser device
- matching device
- measurement device
- mechanical switching device
- memory device
- MEMS device
- MEMS-based device
- metal-gate device
- metal-insulator-metal device
- metal-insulator-piezoelectric semiconductor device
- metal-oxide-silicon device
- metal-semiconductor device
- microcomputer device
- microdiscrete device
- microelectromechanical system device
- microelectromechanical system-based device
- microelectronic device
- microfluidic device
- MIDI device
- minority-carrier device
- MIPS device
- MIS device
- MNOS device
- molecule-sized device
- MOS color imaging device
- MOS device
- MOS memory device
- MSW device
- M-type device
- multiaperture device
- multijunction device
- multilayered memory device
- multilevel storage device
- multiple-tap bucket-brigade device
- multiple-unit semiconductor device
- multiport device
- multistable device
- multiterminal device
- n-channel device
- negation device
- negative-resistance device
- night viewing device
- n-n heterojunction device
- noise-rejection device
- nonburst device
- noninverting parametric device
- nonreciprocal field-displacement device
- n-p-n device
- n-terminal device
- one-port device
- open-collector device
- optically coupled device
- optically pumped device
- optoelectronic device
- O-type device
- output device
- overlay device
- oxide-passivated device
- P&P device
- parallel device
- parametric device
- passivated device
- passive device
- pattern recognition device
- p-channel device
- p-channel MOS device
- periodic permanent magnet focusing device
- persistent current device
- persistent-image device
- personal communication device
- photoconducting device
- photoelectric device
- photoemissive device
- photosensitive device
- photovoltaic device
- picking device
- piezoelectric device
- piezomagnetic device
- planar device
- planar-doped barrier device
- plasma device
- plasma-coupled semiconductor device
- plotting device
- plug-and-play device
- plug-in device
- PMOS device
- p-n junction device
- PnP device
- p-n-p device
- p-n-p-n device
- point-contact superconducting device
- pointing device
- polysilicon charge-coupled device
- port protection device
- p-p heterojunction device
- PPM focusing device
- programmable device
- programmable logic device
- protective device
- punch-through device
- pyroelectric thermal imaging device
- quantum-dot resonant tunneling device
- quasioptical device
- quenched domain mode device
- radiation-measuring device
- random-access device
- rapid single flux quantum device
- readout device
- reciprocal device
- recognition device
- rectifying device
- regulating device
- relative pointing device
- restricted radiation device
- reverberation device
- ringing device
- robot control device
- rotating-field bubble device
- rotating-field bubble domain device
- RSFQ device
- safety device
- SAW device
- Schottky barrier semiconductor device
- Schottky device
- Schottky-barrier-gate Gunn-effect digital device
- SCSI device
- security device
- self-powered device
- self-reacting device
- self-synchronous device
- semiconductor device
- semiconductor switching device
- semiconductor-magnetic device
- sensing device
- serial device
- shallow-base device
- short-channel device
- short-circuit-stable device
- silicon imaging device
- silicon-gate MOS memory device
- silicon-on-insulating substrate device
- single-junction device
- single-tap bucket-brigade device
- single-unit semiconductor device
- slot device
- snap-on pointing device
- solid-state device
- SOS device
- sound-absorbing device
- spark-quenching device
- speech recognition device
- spin-wave device
- square-law device
- starting device
- static discharge device
- storage device
- storage display device
- storage-charge device
- stream device
- stream-oriented device
- stroke input device
- superconducting device
- superconducting quantum device
- superconducting quantum interference device
- surface acoustic-wave device
- surface charge-transfer device
- surface mount device
- surface-controlled device
- switching device
- symbolic device
- tape device
- tape-moving device
- TE device
- tensoelectric device
- terminal device
- thermoelectric cooling device
- thermoelectric device
- thermoelectric heating device
- thick-film device
- thin-film device
- Tokamak device
- transferred-electron device
- transferred-electron microwave device
- transit-time device
- traveling magnetic domain memory device
- traveling-wave Gunn effect device
- trip-free mechanical switching device
- tse device
- tube device
- tunnel device
- tunnel emission device
- twisted nematic device
- two-junction bipolar device
- two-port device
- two-terminal device
- ULA device
- uncommitted logic array device
- unidirectional device
- unilateral device
- unpacked device
- vacuum tunnel device
- variable grating mode device
- variable inductance cryogenic device
- vertical junction device
- VGM device
- V-groove MOS device
- virtual device
- visual signal device
- VMOS device
- V-MOS device
- voice-operated device
- voice-operated gain-adjusting device
- voltage-controlled device
- voltage-controlled differential-negative-resistance device
- voltage-controlled DNR device
- voltage-operated device
- wafer printing device
- wireless device
- X-ray detecting device
- YIG deviceThe New English-Russian Dictionary of Radio-electronics > device
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95 теория
analysis, science, theory* * *тео́рия ж.
theoryвыдвига́ть тео́рию — advance [propose] a theoryобъясня́ть что-л. на основа́нии тео́рии — explain smth. on a theoryотказа́ться от тео́рии — abandon a theoryотклоня́ть тео́рию — reject a theoryподтвержда́ть тео́рию эксперимента́льно — verify a theory by experimentпринима́ть [признава́ть] тео́рию — accept a theoryтео́рия автомоде́льности — similarity theoryтео́рия адсо́рбции Бруна́уэра—Эмме́тта—Те́ллера — BET theory of adsorptionтео́рия Ба́рдина—Ку́пера—Шри́ффера [БКШ] — Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer [BCS] theoryтео́рия больши́х сигна́лов — large signal theoryтео́рия бу́левых а́лгебр — Boolean calculusтео́рия вероя́тностей — theory of probability, probability theoryтео́рия Ви́нера — prediction theoryтео́рия возмуще́ний мат. — perturbation theoryтео́рия второ́го приближе́ния — second-order theoryтео́рия вы́борочного ме́тода стат. ( не путать с отсчё́тами в теории сообщений) — theory of samplingтео́рия вы́четов — residue theoryтео́рия гра́фов мат. — graph theoryтео́рия групп мат. — group theory, theory of groupsтео́рия дво́йственности — duality theoryтео́рия доказа́тельства — proof theoryтео́рия Друде́—Ло́ренца элк. — Drude-Lorentz theoryтео́рия игр мат. — theory of games, game(s) theoryтео́рия информа́ции — general theory of communication, information theoryква́нтовая тео́рия — quantum theoryтео́рия кисло́т и основа́ний — acid-base theoryкласси́ческая тео́рия — classical theoryтео́рия крыла́ — airfoil theoryлучева́я тео́рия — ray theoryтео́рия ма́лых сигна́лов — small signal theoryтео́рия ма́ссового обслу́живания — queueing [waiting-line] theoryтео́рия ме́ры мат. — measure theoryтео́рия мно́жеств — set theoryтео́рия надё́жности — reliability theoryтео́рия наибо́льших деформа́ций — ultimate strain theoryтео́рия относи́тельности — theory of relativityтео́рия относи́тельности, о́бщая — general theory of relativity, general relativityтео́рия относи́тельности, специа́льная — special theory of relativityтео́рия очереде́й — queueing [waiting-line] theoryтео́рия оши́бок — error analysisтео́рия перено́са — transport theoryтео́рия подо́бия — similarity theoryтео́рия по́ля — field theoryтео́рия разме́рностей — dimensional theoryтео́рия регули́рования — control theoryтео́рия реле́йных схем — switching-circuit theoryтео́рия све́та, волнова́я — wave theory of lightтео́рия све́та, ква́нтовая — quantum theory of lightтео́рия све́та, корпускуля́рная — corpuscular theory of lightтео́рия соедине́ний — combinatorial mathematics, combinatoricsтео́рия сравне́ний — congruence theoryтео́рия статисти́ческих оце́нок — theory of estimationтео́рия столкнове́ний — collision theoryстро́гая тео́рия — rigorous theoryтео́рия твё́рдых тел, зо́нная — band theory of solidsтео́рия теплопереда́чи — heat-transfer theoryтео́рия управле́ния — control theoryтео́рия упру́гости — theory of elasticityтео́рия усто́йчивости — stability theoryфеноменологи́ческая тео́рия — phenomenological [formal] theoryформа́льная тео́рия — formal theoryтео́рия цве́тности — theory of colour valueтео́рия цепе́й — circuit [network] theoryтео́рия чи́сел — theory of numbers, number theory -
96 method
1) метод; способ2) технология3) система4) порядок•- teach-yourself method
- absorption method
- access method
- access-oriented method
- acoustic emission method
- analytical method
- annotation method
- approximation method
- basic index sequence access method
- block indexing method of spacing
- block method
- block-tooling method
- bottom-up method
- boundary-element method
- BTR method
- c/c method
- calibration method
- cascade access method
- climb feed method
- coating method
- coding/classification method
- communication access method
- complementary method of measurement
- continuous-dress creep feed method
- control method
- copying method
- creep feed method
- cubic spline method
- cut-and-try method
- DDA method
- definitive method of measurement
- Delphi method
- dexel method
- diamond grinding/lapping method
- differential method of measurement
- Doppler selection method
- double doping method
- downfeed method
- dummy-load method
- finite elements method
- Fisher's method
- flow line method
- form-copying method
- form-generating method
- gagematic method
- gang method of planing
- generalized method
- generating method
- gradient method
- humanly transparent method
- in-cut method
- indexed sequential access method
- indirect generating method
- inspection method
- iteration method
- least square method
- locating method
- LS method
- magnetic-particle method
- manufacturing method
- maximum likelihood method
- Maxweel-Mohr method
- method of assembly connection
- method of item assembling
- method of measurement without contact
- method of measurement
- method of measurements by coincidence
- method of measurements by comparison against an actual measure
- modified roll method
- Monte Carlo method
- multicriterion design method
- noncontact method of measuring
- nondestructive method of testing
- null method of measurement
- out-cut method
- pecking method
- pilot discharge method
- pilot pulse method
- plunge-cut method
- point-to-point method
- probabilistic method
- problem-solving method
- processing method
- production method
- profile method of measurement of the surface roughness
- pulse-echo method
- qualitative safeguards methods
- quantative method
- questionary method
- rack-planing method
- rank correlation method
- reduction methods
- resident access method
- rolling method
- safety methods
- search-step method
- sequential access method
- sizematic method
- standard manufacturing methods
- step-by-step method
- stepwise method
- stored-program method
- structured method
- stylus method
- substitution method of measurement
- substitution method
- teaching playback method
- telemetering method
- test method
- tooling method
- top-down method
- tracer method of determining surface quality
- traverse method of grinding
- trial-and-error method
- unit-load method
- up-feed method
- value engineering method
- working method
- X-ray method
- zero method of measurement
- zero-deflection methodEnglish-Russian dictionary of mechanical engineering and automation > method
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97 circuit
2) канал3) т. граф. простая цепь, контур•- active circuit
- acyclic circuit
- adding circuit
- add circuit
- addressing circuit
- advancing circuit
- alarm circuit
- amplifying circuit
- analogous circuit
- analog circuit
- AND-to-OR circuit
- antialiasing circuit
- anticoincidence circuit
- antihunting circuit
- antihunt circuit
- aperiodic circuit
- arithmetic circuit
- arithmetical circuit
- astable circuit
- averaging circuit
- balanced circuit
- basis circuit
- beam-lead integrated circuit
- benchmark circuit
- binary-valued digital circuit
- binary-valued circuit
- bipolar circuit
- bistable circuit
- blanking circuit
- bleeder circuit
- bridge circuit
- buffer circuit
- carry circuit
- character selection circuit
- checking circuit
- check circuit
- clamping circuit
- clocked circuit
- clock-recovery circuit
- closed circuit
- code disjoint circuit
- coincidence circuit
- combinational circuit
- combinatorial circuit
- communication circuit
- comparator circuit
- compare circuit
- comparison circuit
- complementary circuit
- complementary integrated circuit
- complementary transistor logic circuit
- complex function circuit
- computer circuit
- computer test circuit
- computing circuit
- control circuit
- core-diode circuit
- core-transistor circuit
- correcting circuit
- correction circuit
- counter circuit
- counting circuit
- coupling circuit
- current-limit circuit
- current-operated circuit
- current-summation circuit
- custom product integrated circuit
- custom integrated circuit
- custom-wired integrated circuit
- cutoff circuit
- cycle circuit
- cyclic circuit
- dead-on-arrival integrated circuit
- decode circuit
- decoding circuit
- deenergizing circuit
- deflection circuit
- delay circuit
- densely packed circuit
- differentiating circuit
- digital computing circuit
- diode circuit
- diode-coupled circuit
- diode-transistor logic circuit
- direct-coupled circuit
- direct-coupled transistor logic circuit
- direct-current circuit
- discrete component circuit
- discrete logic-level
- discrete wired circuit
- display circuit
- divide-by-two circuit
- dividing circuit
- double-sided printed circuit
- doubling circuit
- drive circuit
- dry circuit
- dual circuit
- duplex circuit
- Eccles-Jordan circuit
- edge-activated circuit
- emitter-coupled circuit
- emitter-coupled logic circuit
- emitter-emitter-coupled logic circuit
- equality circuit
- equivalent circuit
- etched circuit
- Euler circuit
- except circuit
- fanout-free circuit
- fast-switching circuit
- fault detection circuit
- fault-free circuit
- fault-secure circuit
- faulty circuit
- feedback circuit
- ferrite-diode circuit
- ferrite-transistor circuit
- ferroresonant computing circuit
- film integrated circuit
- flag-testing circuit
- flat-pack integrated circuit
- flexible printed circuit
- flexible circuit
- flip-chip integrated circuit
- flip-flop circuit
- frame-grounding circuit
- frequency-halving circuit
- function circuit
- gate circuit
- Goto-pair circuit
- half-duplex circuit
- halving circuit
- Hamilton circuit
- hand-designed circuit
- hardwired circuit
- high-speed circuit
- high-threshold logic circuit
- holding circuit
- hybrid circuit
- idler circuit
- imbedded circuit
- IMOS circuit
- impulse circuit
- inhibit circuit
- input circuit
- integrated circuit
- integrating circuit
- integro-differential circuit
- interchange circuit
- interface circuit
- interfacing circuit
- interlock circuit
- invert circuit
- ion-implanted MOS circuit
- irredundant circuit
- Josephson integrated circuit
- junction transistor circuit
- ladder circuit
- lag-lead circuit
- laminar circuit
- large arithmetic circuit
- large-scale integrated circuit
- large-scale integration circuit
- latch circuit
- lead-lag circuit
- leased circuit
- level circuit
- linear circuit
- linear integrated circuit
- linearity circuit
- liquid logic circuit
- load circuit
- locked pair circuit
- locking circuit
- logic circuit
- logical circuit
- low-threshold integrated circuit
- LSI circuit
- lumped circuit
- magnetic circuit
- magnetic-core circuit
- majority circuit
- match circuit
- material equivalence circuit
- matrix circuit
- maximum-remembering circuit
- measuring circuit
- medium-scale integration circuit
- memory circuit
- memory-decoder circuit
- message circuit
- metal-oxide-semiconductor circuit
- microamp circuit
- microelectronic integrated circuit
- microminiature circuit
- microwave circuit
- mil spec integrated circuit
- milliwatt circuit
- miniature circuit
- minimum-remembering circuit
- mixed-level circuit
- mixing circuit
- modularized circuit
- molecular integrated circuit
- monitoring circuit
- monolithic integrated circuit
- monostable circuit
- MOS circuit
- MOS integrated circuit
- MOS LSI circuit
- MSI circuit
- multichip integrated circuit
- multifunction integrated circuit
- multilayer circuit
- multilevel circuit
- multiple output circuit
- multiplying circuit
- multipoint circuit
- multistable circuit
- multistage circuit
- nanosecond circuit
- n-channel circuit
- network circuit
- noise-balancing circuit
- noncoincidence circuit
- noncutoff circuit
- non-self-checking circuit
- one-core-per-bit circuit
- one-generator equivalent circuit
- one-out-of-four selecting circuit
- one-shot circuit
- open circuit
- optical commutation circuit
- optical memory circuit
- optically coupled circuit
- optoelectronic circuit
- output circuit
- packaged circuit
- packed circuit
- p-channel circuit
- phantom circuit
- phase-comparison circuit
- phase-inverting circuit
- picosecond circuit
- pilot circuit
- plastic-embedded circuit
- point-to-point circuit
- power circuit
- power monitoring circuit
- power-fail circuit
- printed circuit
- priority circuit
- propagation circuit
- protection circuit
- pulse circuit
- pulse-actuated circuit
- pulse-broadening circuit
- pulse-regenerating circuit
- pulse-shaping circuit
- pulse-stretching circuit
- pulse-switching circuit
- pumped tunnel-diode transistor logic circuit
- pumping circuit
- quenching circuit
- race-free circuit
- radio-frequency circuit
- random-logic circuit
- ratioed circuit
- reading circuit
- received-data circuit
- receiving circuit
- reconfigurable integrated circuit
- redundant circuit
- reference circuit
- refreshing circuit
- relaxation circuit
- reset circuit
- retriggerable circuit
- rewriting circuit
- ring circuit
- rounding circuit
- sample-hold circuit
- saturated circuit
- scale-of-N circuit
- scale-of-two circuit
- scaling circuit
- schematic circuit
- Schmitt trigger circuit
- Schmitt circuit
- screen printed circuit
- selection circuit
- select circuit
- self-checking circuit
- self-testing circuit
- self-timed circuit
- semiconductor circuit
- send-request circuit
- sequential circuit
- shifting circuit
- shift circuit
- short circuit
- shunt-peaking circuit
- sign-controlled circuit
- silicon integrated circuit
- silicon-on-sapphire integrated circuit
- simplex circuit
- single-chip circuit
- single-ended circuit
- single-level circuit
- single-phase circuit
- single-shot circuit
- small-scale integration circuit
- solid-state circuit
- solid circuit
- SOS integrated circuit
- squaring circuit
- SSI circuit
- stabilizing circuit
- stamped circuit
- start-stop circuit
- steering circuit
- storage circuit
- storage-selection circuit
- strongly fault-secure circuit
- subtraction circuit
- summing circuit
- sweep circuit
- switching circuit
- symbolic circuit
- synchronizing circuit
- synthesis circuit
- thick-film circuit
- thin-film circuit
- threshold circuit
- time-anticoincidence circuit
- time-base circuit
- time-coincidence circuit
- time-delay circuit
- toll circuit
- totally self-checking circuit
- transistor circuit
- transistor-core circuit
- transistor-resistor circuit
- transistor-transistor-logic circuit
- translation circuit
- transmitted-data circuit
- transmitting circuit
- tree circuit
- trigger -action circuit
- trigger circuit
- trunk circuit
- tunnel diode circuit
- twin-tunnel-diode circuit
- twin circuit
- two-cores-per-bit circuit
- two-input circuit
- two-level circuit
- two-way circuit
- ultra-large-scale integration circuit
- unidirectional circuit
- unpackaged circuit
- unpacked circuit
- very-high-speed integrated circuit
- very-large-scale integration circuit
- virtual circuit
- VLSI circuit
- voice circuit
- voice-grade circuit
- voltage-control circuit
- voltage-doubling circuit
- voltage-multiplying circuit
- voltage-summation circuit
- voter circuit
- wave-shaping circuit
- whole-wafer circuit
- wired AND circuit
- wired OR circuit
- wire-wrapped circuit
- writing circuit
- zero circuitEnglish-Russian dictionary of computer science and programming > circuit
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98 network
1) (вычислительная) сеть (см. тж net)2) схема•- activity network
- ad hoc network
- adder network
- adding network
- adjustment network
- analog network
- aperiodic network
- arbitration network
- artificial neuron network
- backbone network
- balancing network
- baseband network
- baseline network
- bearer network
- bilateral network
- bluetooth network
- bluetooth voice network
- bridged-T network
- broadcasting network
- bus network
- business-communications network
- campus network
- carrier band network
- centralized network
- circuit-switched network
- circuit network
- closed network
- code slotted network
- coding network
- collapsed backbone network
- combinatorial network
- communication computers network
- computer network
- concentrator network
- connectionless network
- connection-oriented network
- consistent network
- controller area network
- corrective network
- coupling network
- cube-connected network
- cube network
- cube-connected-cycles network
- daisy chain network
- data bank network
- data communications network
- data transportation network
- datacom network
- data-transmission network
- decentralized network
- decoding network
- delay network
- despotic network
- dial-up network
- digital network
- direct-linked network
- distributed backbone network
- distributed function network
- distributed intelligence network
- distributed network
- distributed processing network
- dual network
- elemental network
- expert network
- facsimile network
- feedforward network
- four-terminal network
- fully connected network
- fuzzy-constraint network
- generalized network
- heterogeneous computer network
- hierarchical computer network
- hierarchical network
- high-bandwidth network
- high-degree network
- high-flux network
- highway network
- home-area network
- homogeneous computer network
- host-based network
- inconsistent network
- information network
- integrated services network
- integrated service network
- intelligent network
- interruption network
- IP-routed network
- irredundant network
- iterated network
- knowledge information network
- ladder network
- large-grained network
- leased line network
- local area network
- local network - lumped network
- matching network
- mesh interconnection network
- mesh network
- meshed network
- metropolitain network
- mixed backbone network
- mixed network- monochannel computer network- monochannel network - multiple-work-station network
- multipoint network - multistation network
- multiterminal network
- nearest neighbour network
- network with gains
- neural network
- n-node-fault testable network
- nonpartitionable network
- nonuniform network
- N-port network
- office network
- one-port network
- packet network
- packet switched network
- partitionable network
- passive network
- pass-through network
- PCS network
- peer-to-peer network
- perceptual network
- personal-computer network
- phase-shifting network
- phase-shift network
- planar network
- point-to-point network
- port-to-port network
- power distribution network
- priority network
- private line network
- process network
- propositional network
- public data network
- public network
- public-swithced network
- pulse-forming network
- queueing network
- radio-access network
- reciprocal network
- recognition network
- regional computer network
- regional network
- resistance network
- resistance-capacitance network
- resource-sharing network
- ring-topology network
- ring network
- satellite meshed network
- semantic network
- service-driven network
- shaping network
- shuffle-exchange network
- single-site network
- social network
- star-type network
- star network
- star-wired network
- Steiner network
- stereotype network
- switched message network
- switched network
- switching network
- systolic network
- teleprocessing network
- teletype network
- terrestrial network
- tightly coupled network
- token-bus-based network
- token-passing network
- transit network
- transition network
- transport network
- two-port network
- two-terminal network
- undirected network
- unilateral network
- value-added network
- virtual call network
- virtual-datagram network
- virtual-transport network
- weighted-resistor network
- well-behaved network
- wide-area network
- wireless networkEnglish-Russian dictionary of computer science and programming > network
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99 data
n 1. ком. дані; інформація; факти; відомості; 2. комп. дані, інформація; a інформаційний1. інформація у формі фактів, статистики тощо; 2. інформація, яка зберігається, передається, обробляється тощо комп'ютером═════════■═════════accurate data точні дані; actual data фактичні дані; administrative data адміністративна інформація; aggregate capital data сукупні дані про капітал; ambiguous data непевні дані; annual data річні дані; authentic data правдиві дані • вірогідні дані • достовірні дані; available data наявні дані; balance sheet data балансові дані • дані про баланс; basic data основні дані • вихідні дані • базові дані; bibliographical data бібліографічні дані; biographical data біографічні дані; book-keeping data бухгалтерські дані; budget data бюджетні дані; business data комерційна інформація; calculation data розрахункові дані; census data дані перепису; coded data закодовані дані; collected data зведені дані; commercial data комерційна інформація • комерційні дані; comparative data порівняльні дані; complete data повні дані; comprehensive data вичерпні дані; confidential data конфіденційна інформація; conflicting data суперечливі дані; control data контрольні дані; corollary data співвідносні дані; correct data правильні дані; corrected data виправлені дані • відкориговані дані; correlated data співвідносні дані; cost data дані про витрати • дані про витрати виробництва; crude data приблизні дані • неточні дані; cumulative data зведені дані; current data поточна інформація; customer data дані про клієнтів • інформація про клієнтів; demographic data демографічні дані; design data розрахункові дані • конструктивні дані; detailed data деталізовані дані • докладні дані; digital data числові дані • цифрові дані; discrepant data розбіжні дані; documentary data документальні дані; economic data економічні дані • економічна інформація; estimated data кошторисні дані; exact data точна інформація; external data зовнішні дані; factual data фактичні дані; final data остаточні дані; financial data дані про фінансову діяльність • фінансові показники; gross data валові дані; group data згруповані дані; historical data дані за минулі роки • історичні дані; identification data розпізнавальні дані; immigration data імміграційні дані; inadequate data неповноцінні дані; incoming data наступні дані • вхідні дані • дані, що надійшли; incomplete data неповні дані; incorrect data неправильні дані; industry sales data торговельна статистика галузі; initial data вхідні дані • початкові дані; input data вхідні дані; long-term data дані за тривалий період часу; main data основні дані; management data управлінська інформація; manufacturing data дані про випуск продукції • технологічні дані; market data ринкові дані • кон'юнктурні відомості • дані про ринок; marketing data маркетингові дані; master data основні дані; measurement data результати вимірювань • нормативи; messy data ненадійні дані • невпорядковані дані; missing data відсутні дані; monthly data щомісячні дані; necessary data необхідні дані; numerical data цифрові дані • числові дані; objective data об'єктивні дані; observational data дані спостережень; official data офіційні дані; on-line data оперативні дані; operating data оперативні дані; operating life data дані про термін служби; operational data робочі дані • оперативні дані; original data вихідні дані • початкові дані; output data вихідні дані • дані про обсяг продукції; past data дані за минулий період; performance data показники продуктивності • робочі характеристики • дані про продуктивність; performance-test data дані протоколу випробувань; personal data анкетні дані • особисті дані • біографічні дані; pertinent data інформація по суті справи; physical data фізичні характеристики; population census data дані перепису населення; precise data точна інформація • точні дані; predicted data прогнозовані дані; preliminary data попередні дані; price-level data дані про рівень цін; pricing data дані про ціни; primary data первинні дані • вихідні дані; principal data основні дані; priority data пріоритетні дані; private data інформація приватного характеру; production data дані про рух виробничого процесу • дані про випуск продукції; profit data дані про прибуток; provisional data тимчасові дані • попередні дані • умовні дані; public data відкрита інформація; published data* опубліковані дані; purchase data статистика покупок • відомості про покупки; qualitative data якісні дані; quality data показники якості; quantitative data кількісні дані; ranked data упорядковані дані • класифіковані дані; rated data розрахункові дані; rating data номінальні характеристики; raw data невпорядковані дані • неопрацьовані дані • вихідні дані; readership data дані про кількість читачів • дані про коло читачів; reduced data оброблені дані • опрацьовані дані; reference data довідкові дані; regular data систематизовані дані; regional data місцеві дані • регіональні дані; relevant data інформація по суті справи; representative data характерні дані; response data відповідні дані • дані про відповідні реакції; restricted data дані обмеженого користування • інформація для службового користування • закриті дані • секретні дані; retail sales data дані про роздрібний продаж • статистика роздрібного продажу; sales data торговельна статистика • дані реалізації товару • дані про збут; sample data вибіркові дані; scarce data недостатні дані • мізерні дані; scientific data наукова інформація; seasonal data сезонні дані • дані про сезонні зміни; secondary data вторинні дані; service data експлуатаційні дані; shipping data дані про відвантаження товару; social data дані про соціальний склад • дані про соціальний склад населення; source data дані походження • дані про походження • вихідні дані; specified data уточнені дані; starting data вихідні дані; statistical data статистичні дані; statistical support data затверджена статистика; status data дані про стан; summarized data підсумкові дані • збірні дані; summary data узагальнені дані • зведені дані • збірні дані; supplementary data додаткові дані • додаткова інформація; supplied data подана інформація • подані дані; supporting data допоміжні дані; survey data матеріали обстеження; systematical data систематизовані дані; tabular data табличні дані; tabulated data табличні дані; technical data технічні дані • технічна інформація • технологічна інформація • техніко-видавничі характеристики; tentative data умовні дані • експериментальні дані • дослідні дані; test data експериментальні дані • результати експериментів • дані досліджень; theoretical data теоретичні дані; trade off data обмінна інформація; transaction data операційні дані; ungrouped data незгруповані дані; valid data дійсні дані • достовірні дані • обґрунтовані дані; variable data змінні дані • мінливі дані; working data показники роботи • результати роботи • робочі дані═════════□═════════data abuse зловживання даними • неправильне користування даними; data access arrangement засоби доступу до даних; data acquisition збір даних; data administration організація проходження даних • організація даних • адміністрація даних; data aggregate сукупність даних; data amount кількість інформації • обсяг даних; data bank банк даних • інформаційний банк • архів; data bank management управління банком даних; database база даних; database creation формування бази даних; database design проектування бази даних; database management управління базою даних; database search пошук в базі даних; data bit бітові дані; data capture збір даних • нагромадження даних; data carrier носій інформації • носій даних; data centre центр збору даних • центр накопичення даних; data chaining ланцюжкове зчеплення даних; data channel канал даних; data circuit канал передавання даних; data code кодовий набір; data collection упорядкування даних • нагромадження даних • збір даних; data communication передача даних • передавання даних; data compaction ущільнення даних; data control керування даними; data conversion перетворення даних; data corruption руйнування даних; data description опис даних; data display інформаційна таблиця • інформаційне табло • відображення даних • викладка даних; data encoding кодування даних; data encryption кодування даних; data entry інформаційний вхід • введення даних; data field поле даних; data file картотека даних • тека даних; data flow потік даних; data format формат даних; data for study дані для дослідження; data handling опрацьовування даних • опрацювання даних; data input введення даних • вхідні дані • інформаційний вхід; data input station термінал введення даних; data integrity цілісність даних; data item елемент даних; data link канал передачі даних; data maintenance введення даних; data management керування даними; data management system система керування даними; data manager керівник відділу опрацювання даних • керівник відділу обробки даних; data network мережа передачі даних • мережа даних; data organization організація даних; data output вихідні дані • вихід даних • інформаційний вихід; data packet пакет даних; data performance ефективність даних; data processing обробка даних • опрацювання даних; data processing centre центр обробки даних • центр опрацювання даних; data processor процесор обробки даних • процесор опрацювання даних; data protection захист даних; data rate швидкість передачі даних; data recording реєстрація даних • запис даних; data recovery відновлення даних; data register реєстр даних; data retrieval пошук даних; data safety захист даних • збереження даних; data security безпечність зберігання даних • захист даних • збереження даних; data selection вибір даних; data service bureau центр обробки даних; data set комплект даних • набір даних • низка даних • файл даних; data sharing розподіл даних; data sheet бланк для запису даних; data source джерело даних; data switch перемикання даних; data transfer передача даних; data transfer rate швидкість передачі даних; data transformation перетворення даних; data transmission передача даних; data validation підтвердження правильності даних • перевірка правильності даних • перевірка даних; data value величина даних; to access data діставати/дістати доступ до даних; to analyze data аналізувати дані; to check data перевіряти/перевірити дані; to collect data збирати/зібрати дані; to discard data виключати/виключити дані • відкидати/відкинути дані • виключати/виключити інформацію • відкидати/відкинути інформацію; to enter data вводити/ввести дані; to examine data досліджувати/дослідити дані • оглядати/оглянути дані; to exchange data обмінюватися/обмінятися даними; to feed in data вводити/ввести дані; to furnish data видавати/видати дані • постачати/постачити дані; to handle data обробляти/обробити дані • опрацьовувати/опрацювати дані; to include data включати/включити дані; to plot the data наносити дані; to process data обробляти/обробити дані • опрацьовувати/опрацювати дані; to provide data постачати/постачити дані • давати/дати дані; to record data записувати/записати дані; to retrieve data знаходити/знайти дані; to share data ділитися даними; to store data зберігати/зберегти дані; to submit data подавати/подати дані; to turn out data видавати/видати дані; to update data обновляти/обновити дані; to use data використовувати/використати дані -
100 Fjalor i shkurtër terminoiogjik i informatikës
AAbort - ndërprerje e operacionit, procesit ose procedures gjatë kryerjes së tij.Accept - pranon.Access time - koha e arritjes së të dhënave.Accessories - veglat ndihmëse në Windows.Adapter - kartelë për zgjerim e cila instalohet në kompjuter.Adress register - numër hemksadecimal i cili e tregon adresën e lokacionit të caktuar të memorjes.Algorithm - zgjidhja e një problemi hap pas hapi.allocate - ndarje të resurseve të kompjuterit, si për shembull në disk, shtypës ose memorje të çdo skedari, shfrytëzuesi ose procesi.alpha numeric characters - shenja alfanu-merike. Të gjitha shenjat që i shfrytëzon kompjuteri, përfshirë këtu edhe shkronjat, shifrat, shenjat për interpunksion dhe shenjat speciale, siç janë: \$, \@ i \#ANSI (American National Standar Institute) - Instituti Nacional Amerikan për Standarde.ASCII ( American Standard Code for Information Interchange) - Kodi amerikan për këmbim të informacioneve. Renditje standarde e shtatë shifrave binare (shifra e shtatë mund të jepet për kontroll të çiftësisë) e cila aplikohet për paraqitjen e shenjave në kompjuter.Animation - animacion - Iluzion i lëvizjes me paraqitje të shpejtë të fotografive të njëpasnjëshme, e cila arrihet me përdorim të harduerit dhe softuerit përkatës. Programet më të njohura për animacion janë: 3 D Studio, Autodesk Chaos, Imagine etj.Application - program i cili është i dedikuar për shfrytëzuesit e rëndomtë, i cili është i projektuar për kryerje të ndonjë pune të caktuar. Për shembull aplikacioni për kontabilitet financiar.Application development tools - vegla për krijim të programeve aplikative.ALU ( Arithmetic-Logic Unit) - njësi aritmetiko-logjike. Është pjesë e njësisë qendrore (çip i mikroprocesorit) e cila kryen operacione kryesore aritmetike dhe logjike me të dhënat.Artificial Intelligence - intelegjencë artificiale. Emër i sistemeve të kompjuterit që duhet të shfaqin inteligjencë njerëzore, si kuptim për fjalën e thënë, si reagim ndaj ambientit të tyre fizik dhe adaptimit ndaj kushteve të tilla.Ascending order - rendi i radhitjes së elementeve sipas rendit të rritjes, prej vlerave më të vogla kah më të mëdhatë (a, b, c...)Assembler - përkthyes programor. Program i projektuar që t'i transformojë instruksionet simbolike në formë më të qëlluar për t'i kryer në kompjuter.Assign - dhënie vlerë diçkaje që është shfrytëzuar në programim.Asterisk - shenja * (yll). Përdoret si shenjë xhoker që mundëson specifikim të disa skedarëve përnjëherë.Auto CAD - program aplikativ për projektim kompjuterik dhe disenjim.BBackbone - niveli më i lartë në një rrjet kierarkik kompjuterik.Backslash - shenja \\ ( ASCII kodi 92). Përdoret në specifikimin e rrugës së diskut ku gjendet skedari i kërkuar.Backspace - zhvendosje e kursorit për një vend prapa.Backup - kopje rezerve. Bëhet kopje e përmbajtjes së diskut të kompjuterit dhe atë në mënyrë periodike, ndërsa vendoset në shirit magnetik ose në CD.Bad sector - sektori jo në rregull. Pjesë e disketës ose diskut ku nuk nuk mund dhe ku nuk është e sigurt të shkruhen informacioneBad trac table - tabelë e shtigjeve që nuk janë në rregull. Listë e pjesëve të çrregulluara fabrikisht dhe të pasigurta për shkruarje, e cila është e ngjitur në pjesën e prapme të diksut.Bandwidth - njësi matëse për sasinë e të dhënave të cilat mund të transmetohen përmes ndonjë rrjeti të komunikimit në një sekondë.Bar chart - diagram në formë të shiritave.Bar code - paraqitje e shenjave alfanu-merike me ndihmën e vijave vertikale me gjatësi të ndryshme. Përdoret si mënyrë për shifrim universal të prodhimeve.Bar code reader - lexues bar cod. Pajisje optike për lexim të shenjave bar cod.BIOS (Basic Input Output System) - grup i programeve më të vogla detyra e të cilave është të shfaqë test rutinor kur kyçet kompjuteri, si dhe ta startojë sistemin operativ të kompjuterit.BASIC - gjuhë programore e cila është e lehtë për mësim.Batch - pako. Bashkësi e elementeve ose dokumeneteve të cilat përpunohen si tërësi.Batch processing - përpunim paketor. Teknikë që përdor vetëm një inkuadrim të programit në memorjen kryesore për shkak të përpunimit të më tepër detyrave të veçanta njëra pas tjetrës.Baud - bod. Kapacitet maksimal për transmetim të informacioneve në një kanal të komunikimit, i cili është njësi matëse e numrit të ndryshimeve të niveleve në sekondë.Benchmark - krahasim. Program standard i cili shërben për përcaktimin e performansave të kompjuterëve të ndryshëm.Beta version - version prove i softuerit para daljes së tij zyrtare në treg.BIT ( Binary digiT) - shifra binare janë 0 dhe 1. Kompjuterët digjital procesojnë informacione në formë digjitale, ndërsa zbatojnë vetëm shifra të sistemit binar. Ato zakonisht paraqiten me tension prej 5 V për numrin 1, gjegjësisht 0 V për numrin O.Binary file - skedar binar i cili përbëhet prej disa bitave, por i cili nuk është skedar tekstual. Zakonisht ato janë programe me fotografi.Binary system - sistem binar. Sistem numërimi për shkruarje të numrave në kompjuter. Aty ka vetëm dy shifra 0 dhe 1.Bps (Bits per second) - bit në sekondë. Masë për shpejtësinë e transmetimit të rrjetave kompjuterikeBlank - i zbrazët, i pashkruar. Shenjë që i përdoret për paraqitjen e vendit të zbrazët ndërmjet shenjave të shtypura.Bold - shkronja me kontura më të trasha dhe më të errëtaBookmark - reference e cila na drejton kah ndonjë dokument i caktuar hipertekstual i Internetit.Boot - startimi i kompjuterit, gjatë së cilës fillon puna e sistemit operativ.Boot block - pjesë e diskut ku gjendet softueri i cili i mundëson kompjuterit ta fillojë punën.Boot disk - disk ose disketë prej së cilës startohet sistemi operativ.Break - ndërpren. Sinjal special i cili e ndërpet punën e ndonjë programi. Shpesh fitohet me shtypje të tasteve Ctrl dhe C përnjëherë.Browser - fletëkërkues. Program i cili është i dedikuar për shikimin e dokumenteve hipertekstuale të Internetit. Me ndihmën e tij shrytëzohet servisi më i dobishëm i Internetit WWW (W orld W ide W eb). Fletëkërkuesit më të njohur janë Microsoft Internet Explorer dhe Netscape Navigator.Buffer - bafer. Vend në kujtesën kryesore të kompjuterit për ruajtje të përkohshme të të dhënave.Bug - gabim, defekt. Gabim i paqëllimtë në program, për shkak të të cilit programi nuk punon si duhet. Në përkthimin më tekstual nënkupton bubë dhe mendohet se rrjedh prej ngjarjes kur mola është kapur për ndonjë relej të kompjuterëve të parë dhe e ka pamundësuar punën e tij.Bullet - shenjë për renditje e cila përdoret në programet për përpunim të tekstit.BBS (Bulletin Board System) - tabelë elektronike për shpallje. Shërbim telekomunikues përmes të të cilit konsumatorët komunikojnë, këmbejnë informata etj.Bus - mbledhëse. E lidh pllakën amë të kompjuterit me procesorin, kujtesën, diskun dhe elementet tjera kompjuterike.Byte - bajt. Tetë bita. Shpesh është numër binar tetëshifror i cili paraqet një shkronjë.CCache - kesh. Pjesë e kujtesën e rezervuar për ruajtje të të dhënave që përdoren shpesh, te të cilat procesori ka qasje shumë më të shpejtë sesa në hard disk. Kujtesën kesh mund të gjendet në memorjen RAM ose në hard disk.Cancel button - tast për shfuqizimin e funksionit të zgjedhur. Te numri më i madh i programeve tasti për shfuqizim aktivizohet me shtypjen e tastit Esc.Case sensitive - dallimi i shkronjave të mëdha dhe të vogla. Me shpesh gjatë krahasimit të dy fjalëve apo teksteve.CRT (cathode ray tube) - gypi katodik i ekranit.CPU (C entral P rocessing U nit) - njësi qendrore e procesuimit. Zemër e kompjuterit personal. Udhëheq dhe drejton me të gjitha operacionet për përpunim të të dhënave.Centronics port - portë e kompjuterit në të cilën shpesh lidhet shtypësi.Chanel - kanal. Rrugë në të cilën transmetohet informacioni digjital në kompjuter.Character - shenjë; karakter. Cilado shkronjë, shenjë e interpunksionit, ose ndonjë nga njëqind shenjat tjera që mund të vërehen në ekran, gjegjësisht të cilat mund të shtypen.CPI (character per inch) - numër i shenjave në një inç. Njësi matëse për matjen e dendësisë së shkrimit. Shprehet me numër të shenjave në një inç.Check box - kuti katrore për dialog e cila mund të jetë e kyçur ose e çkyçur, gjegjësisht të jetë e zgjedhur ose jo, ndonjë opcion në kornizën për dialog.Checksum - shumë për kontroll. Shuma e numrave që përdoren për kontrollim të mbledhjes.Click - klik. Shtypje dhe lëshim i tastit të minakut, pa mos e lëvizur.Client - klient. Sistem i cili mund të punojë i pavarur, edhe pse në një masë edhe ky është i varur prej ndonjë sisitemi tjetër. Për kompjuterin që është i lidhur në rrjet kompjuterik shpesh thuhet se është klient.Client-server network - rrjet i tipit klient-server.Clip art - bashkësi e vizatimeve grafike dhe fotografive të shkruara në skedar të veçantë i cili është i arritshëm për përdorim të ndonjë aplikacioni, për shembull, për përpunim të tekstit ose të grafikës.Clipboard - kohësisht, skladim i fshehur për tekst ose fotografi të cilat priten ose kopjohen.Clock speed - shpejtësi e ores. Shpejtësia e punës së procesorit në kompjuter matet me megahercë (MHz) ose me gigahercë (GHz).Sa më e shpejtë është shpejtësia e procesorit, aq më tepër urdhëra mund të kryejë kompjuteri.Clone - klon. Kompjuter i cili paraqet kopje të suksesshme të kompjuterit tjetër të (standardizuar). Më shpesh kjo u dedikohet atyre kompjuterëve të cilët janë kompatibil me kompjuterët e kompanisë IBM.Cod - kod. Diçka që është shkruar me gjuhën kompjuterike, në letër ose në kompjuter.Code page - faqe e koduar. Tabelë e cila tregon se cili karakter i përgjigjet shenjës në ekran dhe me shtypjen e tasterit a përfitohet e njëjta shenjë.CGA (Color Graphics Adapter) -videokartelë e cila është më e vjetëruar.COM port - portë seriale. Më shpesh në kompjuterët ekzistojnë dy porta seriale të shënuara si C0M1 dhe COM2.Command interperter - program i cili i integron dhe i përpunon urdhërat e dhënë në kompjuter. Në sistemin operativ DOS është programi C0MAND.COM, ndërsa në WINDOWS është WIN.INICOBOL (Common Business Orientated Language) - gjuhë progamore nga gjeneratat më të vjetra të cilat përdoren për aplikacione financiare.Communication protocol - përmbledhje e programeve e cila mundëson transmetim dhe këmbim të të dhënave ndërmjet dy ose më tepër kompjuterëve.CD (Compact Disc) - kompakt disk. Medium për memorim të të dhënave digjitale dhe audio. Në kompakt disk mund të vendoset muzikë prej 72 minutave ose të dhëna prej 650 MB.CD ROM (Comapct Disc Read Only Memory) - njësi harduerike për leximin e kompakt disqeve. Me këtë njësi mund vetëm të lexojmë e jo edhe të shlyejmë ose të regjistrojmë të dhëna të reja.COMPAQ (COMPAtibility Quality) - shenjë e prodhimeve cilësore të kompjuterëve desktop dhe laptop.Compiler - kompajler; përkthyes. Program i cili i përkthen disa gjuhë të larta programesh në ndonjë gjuhë makinerike.CompuServe - njëra ndër rrjetat më të mëdha të Internetit në botë. Klientëve të tyre ju ofron këmbim të skedarëve, të të dhënave, të postës elektronike etj.CAD (Computer Aided Design) - shfrytëzim i kompjuterit për krijime të vizatimeve ose për projektime të ndonjë objekti ose sistemi. Programet më të njohura nga kjo sferë janë Auto Cad, Auto Sketch, Design CAD, Lab View etj.CAM (Computer Aided Manifacture) - prodhim me ndihmën e kompjuterit.CASE (Computer Aided Software Engineering) - vegël softuerike për programerët. Shfrytëzohen për planifikim, analizim si dhe projektim të dokumentacionit në softuerin kompjuterik.Computer analyst - analitik kompjuteristik. Person i cili i definon problemet dhe saktësisht i pëcakton hapat për zgjidhjen e tyre me anë të kompjuterit.Configuration - konfiguracion. Mënyrë e lidhshmërisë së kompjuterit me njësitë tjera periferike në një sistem të përbashkët.Controller - vegël teknike e cila i mundëson veglës tjetër të komunikojë me kompjuterin.Conversion - konverzion. Proces i transformimit të të dhënave (tekst, grafik) nga një format në tjetër.Cooki file - skedar në të cilin ruhen skedarët e shfrytëzuar (cookies). Zakonisht gjendet në emërtuesin bashk me fletëkërkuesin (shembull në emërtuesin Internet Explorer).Corel DRAW- Pako programore e dedikuar për vizatim dhe punim me fotografi.Corrupted file - skedar i dëmtuar. Dëmtimi mund të jetë për shkak të ektorëve të diskut që nuk janë në rregull, prishjes fizike ose gabimeve të shkaktuara nga programi.Crash - gjendje kur kompjuteri bie prej funksionimit të tij dhe më tutje nuk mund të përdoret. Pas kësaj kompjuteri zakonisht përseri startohet.Current drive - disk me të cilin shfrytëzuesi punon momentalisht.Cursor - kursori. Tregues i pozicionimit. Vijë vertikale e lëvizshme që dridhet dhe vezullon e që paraqitet në ekran si indikator vizuel e cila mund të dislokohet edhe vertikalisht edhe horizontalisht me anë të urdhërave prej tastierës.Cyberphobia - kiberfobia. Frikë nga kompjuteri.CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check) - metodë e testimit për të dhënat dalëse nga disku për shkak të sigurisë prej gabimeve.DData - të dhënat. Nocion i përgjithshëm për numrat, simbolet dhe madhësitë analoge të cilat shfrytëzohen si madhësi dalëse për përpunimin e kompjuterit.Database - baza e të dhënave. Bashkësi e të dhënave të lidhura ndërmjet vete dhe të organizuara paraprakisht. Programet më të njohura për udhëheqjen e bazave të të dhënave janë: Oracle, MS SQL Server, Informix, Sybase etj.Data security - mbrojtje e të dhënave nga ndërhyrjet e qëllimta ose të rastësishme nga njerëz jo të autorizuar.Data type - tip i të dhënave. Mund të jenë: tekstuale, numerike, logjike, dhe të dhëna të datave.Dead lock - ndërprerje; bllokim. Situatë kur ndonjë program nuk mund të realizohet në kompjuter, për shkak se e pret rastin që faktikisht kurrë nuk do të ndodh.Debug - testim i programit të kompjuterit me korrigjim të gabimeve të paraqitura në te.Default value - ndonjë vlerë që nënkuptohet. Vlerë që programi automatikisht e zgjedh po qe se shfrytëzuesi nuk jep ndonjë vlerë tjetër. Për shembull ngjyrat që i jep WIND0WS-i janë default vetëm po qe se shfrytëzuesi nuk i përdor.Defragmentation - defragmentim. Proces i bashkangjitjes i të dhënave të një programi në disk, që të mund të shpejtohet puna e tij. Është e preferueshme që defragmenting të bëhet një herë në javë, për të shpejtuar punën e diskut.Density - dendësi. Njësi matëse për numrin e të dhënave të cilat mund të shkruhen në ndonjë medium (disketë, shirit magnetik etj).Decsending sort - renditje me radhitje të kundërt.Desktop - sipërfaqja aktive e ekranit gjatë punës me Windows, e cila përmban dritare dhe ikona.Desktop computer - kompjuter i cili pozicionohet horizontalisht në tavolinën punës.DTP (Desktop Publishing) - Pako e softuerit me të cilën kompjuteri mund të përdoret për disenj të dokumenteve, duke përfshirë fotografi, tekst dhe kontroll të pamjes së dokumenteve dhe shtypjen e tyre.Destination file - skedar që pranon.Device - vegël, mjet, përbërje, njësi. Nocion i përgjithshëm i cili shfrytëzohet për të identifikuar ndonjë komponentë të kompjuterit (disk, tastaturë, minak, etj).Device driver - softuer i cili i mundëson kompjuterit të komunikojë me njësitë periferike.DAT (Digital Audio Tape) - shirit magnetik në të cilin memorizohen të dhënat me sasi shumë të mëdha.DVD (Digital Video Disk) - teknologji e harduerit e cila mundëson shiqimin e filmave, spoteve muzikore etj.DMA (Direct Memory Access) - proces i transmetimit të një sasie të madhe të të dhënave ndërmjet diskut dhe kujtesës punuese të kompjuterit.DirectX - varg i programeve standarde për aplikacione të Microsfti-t, i dedikuar për lojra dhe aplikacione multimediale.Disk controller - kartelë e cila e lidh kompjuterin me diskun; zakonisht gjendet në pjesën e poshtme të diskut.Disk drive - njësi fizike e cila e pranon dhe e kthen diskun magnetik dhe mundëson lexim dhe shkrim të të dhënave.DOS (Disk Operating System) - njëri ndër sistemet më të njohura operative i cili është shumë përfshirës dhe shfrytëzohet nga kompjuterët personal. I prodhuar nga kompania Microsft në vitin 1982.Domain - grup i kompjuterëve emrat e të cilëve e ndajnë të njëjtën prapashtesë. Shembull: com (firmë komerciale), org (organizatë pa përfitim), gov (qeveri), edu (institucion arsimor), net (provajder i Internetit). Njësoj ekzistojnë edhe prapashtesa të cilat i identifikojnë shtetet p.sh. mk prapashtesë për Maqedoninë.Dpi (dots per inch) - pika në inç. Njësi për matjen e rezolutës së shtypjes në shtypës. Rezoluta te shtypësit amë sillet rreth 300 dpi, ndërsa te shtypësit lezër arrin deri në 1200 dpi.Double click - klikim; shtypje e dyfishtë. Klikim i shpejtë dhe lëshim i tastit të minakut dy here pa lëvizjen e minakut ndërmjet dy klikimeve.Double precision - precizitet i dyfishtë. Teknikë me të cilën paraqiten numrat me gjatësi të dyfishuar.Download - kopjim i ndonjë programi ose skedari prej ndonjë kompjuteri kryesor në kompjuterin personal.Draft quality - kualitet i shtypit, i cili është i lexueshëm, por nuk duket aq mirë për përdorim që ai dokument të botohet në ndonjë revistë ose libër. Zakonisht shfrytëzohet për nxjerrjen e kopjeve që të shkojë në korrekturë.Drag-and-drop - tërheqje dhe lëshim i tastit të minakut.Drop-down meni - Lista e urdhërave të menysë së aktivizuar, të radhitura njëra pas tjetrës.DLL (Dynamic Link Library) - grup e funksioneve të cilat shfrytëzohen gjatë programimit në Windows.EEPROM (E lectrically P rogrammable R ead O nly M emory) - çip memorizues përmbajtja e të cilit nuk mund të ndryshohet.E-mail (electronic mail) - postë elektronike. Njëri nga shërbimet më të njohura të Internetit me të cilin porositë dërgohen prej një kompjuteri në kompjuter tjetër.Embedded object - objekt i ndërvënë.EMM386.EXE - program i cili mundëson vendosjen e drajverave dhe programeve në hapësirën e lartë të memories.Emulator - emulator. Program cili i mundëson kompjuterit të zbatojë programe të shkruara për kompjuter tjetër.Encryption - shifrim. Kodim i porosisë me çka nuk mundësohet hyrje e palejuar deri te ajo.EOF (end of file) - fund i skedarit. Shenjë për fundin e skedarit, e cila shfrytëzohet si indikator se këtu kryhen të dhënat.Ethernet - rrjet lokal kompjuterik i konstruktuar prej llojit të kabllove me mundësi të bartjes deri më 10 Mbit/sec.Event - rast; paraqitje. Moment kur paraqitet ndryshimi specifik i ndonjë gjendjeje.Exchange - këmbim i informatave ndërmjet dy lokacioneve.Exchengeable disk - disk transmetues. Tip i diskut i cili montohet në shtëpizë të posaçme dhe është i transmetueshëm.Executable file - program zbatues. Skedar i cili mund të aplikohet në kompjuter.Expression - shprehje matematikore ose logjike e shkruar në gjuhën programoreEBCDIC (Extended Binary Decimal Interchange Code) - kod i cili i përdorë tetë shifra binare të krijuara nga IBM, ndërsa i paraqet shenjat (shkronjat, numrat etj.) nga kompjuteri i cili i proceson.External modem - modem i jashtëm. Modem në kuti të veçantë, kabllo dhe mbushës i cili më së shpeshti aktivizohet në portën seriale të kompjuterit.Extranet - intranet i cili u është lënë në disponim klientëve dhe blerësve të jashtëm me qëllim që t'i shohin të dhënat. Më shpesh ata janë të siguruara me shifra që të ruhet siguria e blerësve.FFan ventilator - ventilator i cili mundëson cirkulimin e ajrit nëpërmjet pjesëve kompjuterike dhe e pamundëson nxehjen e tyre.Fatal error - gabim në programin kompjuterik i cili e ndalon funksionimin e tij.Fault tolerance - tolerim i gabimeve. Aftësi e ndonjë sisitemi që ta vazhdojë funksionimin normal edhe pse ekziston problem në harduer ose softuer.Fax modem - faks modem. Modem i aftësuar të pranojë dhe të dërgojë fakse. Në këtë rast fakset janë elektronike.Fiber optics - fije optike. Mundëson shpejtësi të madhe të bartjes së të dhënave në rrjetat kompjuterike.File - skedar; fajll; datotekë. Pa marrë parasysh çfarë informate, të grumbulluar dhe të inçizuar nën një emër. Skedari mund të përmban tekst, grafikon, program etj.FAT (File Allocation Table) - tabelë e cila shërben për renditjen e skedarëve e cila gjendet në fillim të diskut dhe përmban informata për ata pjesë të diskut të cilat shfrytëzohen, pjesë të diskut të cilat nuk shfrytëzohen dhe ato të cilat nuk mund të shfrytëzohen për shkak të dëmtimit të blloqeve në disk.File control system - program i cili udhëheq me bartjen e të dhënave nga ciladoqoftë pajisje deri në ndonjë pajisje tjetër.File locking - përmbyllje e skedarit. Ndalesë që më tepër se një shfrytëzues ta ndërrojë përmbajtjen e skedarit.File protection - mbrojtje e skedarit. Komandë e kompjuterit e cila e ndalon shkruarjen dhe fshirjen e të dhënave në skedar, por e lejon leximin e tyre.Firewall - sistem rrjetor për sigurim i cili ndihmon në ndërprerjen e hyrjes së paautorizuar në sistemin kompjuterik; thjesht ky është kompjuter i lidhur në Internet dhe me të cilin zhvillohet i gjith komunikimi në Internet.Floppy disk - disk i butë, disketëFooter - tekst i cili paraqitet në pjesën e poshtme në secilën faqe.FF (Form Feed) - urdhër i cili shfrytëzohet i që ta lëviz letrën në printer në faqe të re. Zakonisht në tabelën kontrolluese të printerit gjendet një tast i cili mundëson kryerjen e funksionit përkatës.FORTRAN (FORmula TRANslation) - gjuhë programore e krijuar në kompaninë IBM e cila shfrytëzohej për programimin e aplikacioneve tekniko shkencore.Freeware - programe pa pagesë, por të mbrojtura me ligj për autorizimFAQ (Frequently Asked Question) - pyetje ose lista me pyetje dhe përgjigje të cilat janë shumë të shpeshta dhe shumë shfrytëzues ballafaqohen me këto të dhëna. Këto lista janë shumë frytdhënëse për shkak të këmbimit të informatave.GGIGO (Garbage In, Garbage Out) - princip në të cilën po qe se hyjnë të dhëna jokor-rekte dhe jovalide në kompjuter, ai do të japë rezultate jokorrekte dhe të pakuptimta.GUI (graphical user interface) - interfejs grafik i shfrytëzuar për sisteme operative. Komunikimi ndërmjet shfrytëzuesit dhe programit zhviliohet me anë të shfrytëzimit të ikonave, dritareve dhe të ngjashme. Një shembull për një iterfejs të tillë që e shfrytëzojmë është Windows-i.Guru - Njeri me kapacitet të lartë i cili dëshiron t'u ndihmojë të tjerëve në zgjedhjen e problemeve të tyre.HHacker - haker. Person për të cilin kompjuteri është hobi. Sot shumë njerëz termin haker e identifikojnë me person i cili në mënyrë të paligjshme hy në kompjuter të huaj.Halt - ndalesë. Ndalje e realizimit të operacioneve të renditura në programet kompjuterike.Hand-held computer - kompjuter i vogël që mund të mbahet edhe në dorë.Hang - rri varur. Mosfunksionim i kompjuterit. Kur kompjuteri rinë varur, i ekrani duket normal, por çfarëdo pune tjetër është e pamundur të futet në funksion.Hard copy - rezultatet e shtypura në letër.Hardware - hardueri, gjërat fizike apo të prekshme të kompjuterit.Help - ndihmë. Funksion i cili është i pranishëm në shumë programe, i cili shërben si ndihmë e shfrytëzuesit për përdorimin e programit.Hertz (Hz) - herc. Cikël në sekondë me të cilin matet shpejtësia e procesorit në kompjuter.HEX (Hexadecimal) - Sisitem numëror në matematik, në të cilin si bazë e numërimit është numri 16. Për shfaqjen e numrave përdoren shifrat 0-9 dhe shkronjat A-F. Është shumë i qëlluar për përdorimin e kalkulimeve kompjuterike.Hidden file - skedar i fshehur. Skedar i cili përmban atribute të cilat nuk lejojnë që emri i skedarit të kopjohet, të fshihet ose të shfletohet.High tech - teknologji e lartëHost computer - kompjuter kryesor me të cilin lidhen kompjuterët tjerë.Hot key - tast ose kombinim i tasteve i cili zbaton instruksion të përcaktuar pa marrë parasysh se çka punon procesori në momentin e dhënë.HTML (Hyper Text Markup Language) - format hipertekstual për punë me dokumente. Shërben për krijimin e dokumenteve WEB në internet.Hub - hab. Paisje në të cilën kyçen kompjuterët të cilët janë të lidhur në rrjet.Hyphenation - ndarje e fjalëveIIllegal - jolegal. Parametra hyrëse të cilët janë të papranuara, për shkak se nuk i përmbushin specifikacionet e vendosura në programe.Image processing - përpunim i grafikonëveImaging - proces i shkrimit të grafikës në ndonjë medium, për shembull në shirit.Implementation - implementim. Instalim i sitemit kompjuterik.Infrared - teknologji e cila shfrytëzon ndriçimin për lidhjen të kompjuterëve pa kabëll.Initialization - inicializim. Operacion për formatim të diskut ose disketës, si dhe përgatitje për shkruarjen dhe përdorimin e të dhënave.Ink-jet printer - shtypës pështyes që hedh ngjyrën në letër.Input data - të dhënat hyrëse.Insert mod - rregull për futjen e të dhënave.Install - instalim, futja fillestare e ndonjë programi në kompjuter.Instruction - instruksion. Urdhër i destinuar për mikroprocesorin.Integer - numër i plotë pa presje decimaleLLine printer - shtypës i cili shtyp përnjëherë një rresht tekst.Link- lidhje; lidhshmëri.Load - mbushje, futje e programit në memorje.LAN (Local Area Network) - rrjet lokal në kuadër të një hapësire ose ndërtese. Lidhje e dy ose më tepër kompjuterëve me kabllo me qëllim të këmbimit të informatave.Local printer - shtypës i cili është i lidhur drejtpërdrejt me një stacion punues, i cili nuk është në disponim të shfrytëzuesve tjerë të rrjetit.Login - Paraqitje në kompjuter. Në këtë rast kompjuteri kërkon nga shfrytëzuesi që të identifikohet me emrin dhe shifrën.Logoff- çlajmërim. Largim nga puna me kompjuter.Loop - cikël. Renditje të instruksioneve kompjuterike të cilat praktikohen me anë të përsëritjeve, gjersa nuk përmbushet ndonjë kusht.MMachine code - kod makine. Përmbledhje e instruksioneve kompjuterike në ndonjë kompjuter të posaçëm i cili niund ta kryejë urdhërin.Macro - makro. Serial i urdhërave të cilat kryhen me shtypjen e një tasti ose me ndonjë urdhër. Në të shumtën e rasteve i shkruan vetë shfrytëzuesi për ta lehtësuar punën gjatë përsëritjeve të një morie urdhërash.Mailbox - sandëku postar.Main program - pjesë kryesore e programit e cila i kontrollon nënprogramet.Mass storage - pajisje në të cilën mund të vendoset një numër i madh i të dhënave.Medium - medium. Bartës i të dhënave, shpesh mendohet në disketë, CD-ROM dhe të ngjashme.MMU (Memory Management Unit) - pajisje e cila udhëheq kujtesën.Merge - bashkim, kombinim i dy ose më tepër skedarëve.Message - porosi nga kompjuteri e cila informon për diçka.MIDI file - skedarë me përshkrime muzikore.MIPS (Million Instruction Per Second) -milion instuksione në sekondë. Njësi matëse për shpejtësinë me të cilën procesori i kryen instruksionet. Për shembull, procesori Pentium i cili punon në 100 MHz kryen 100 milionë instruksione në sekondë, pra 100 MIPS-a.Millisecond (ms) - milisekondë. Kohë e barabartë me pjesën e njëmijtë të sekondës. Shfrytëzohet për shprehjen e shpejtësisë te hard disqet.Mode - regjim i punës; mënyrë e punës. Njëra nga gjendjet alternative të punës së kompjuterit.MODEM (MOdulator/DEModulator) - modem. Regullator i cili të dhënat e dërguara i shndërron në sinjal telefonik, të qëlluara për lidhje të drejtpërdrejtë telefonike.Motherboard - pllaka amë e kompjuterit në të cilën janë të lidhura të gjitha elementet e harduerit.Multimedia - kombinim i tekstit me fotografi dhe zë, videoanimacion.MIME (Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions) - standard për bashkangjitjen e skedarëve në porositë elektronike.Multitasking - aftësi e sistemit operativ që njëkohësisht të ushtrojë më shumë programe.NNetwork - rrjet i kompjuterit.NetWare - sistem operativ rrjetor i shpikur nga kompania Novell.Network adapter - adapter i rrjetit. Kartelë e cila instalohet në kompjuter përmes të cilës ai lidhet në rrjet.Network administrator - njeriu i cili e mbikëqyrë punën e rrjetit kompjuterik dhe që udhëheqë me të.Network protocol - protokoll rrjetor. Bashkësi e standardeve kompjuterike në një rrjet.Node - nyje, pika ngjitëse në rrjein kompjuterikNon-interlaced - sa i përket disa monitorëve te të cilët topi elektronik pas një kohe e kalon ekranin pa mos lëshuar asnjë vijë.Notebook computer - kompjuter i vogël me format sa një faqe e letrës.Numeric keypad - tastierë numerike.OOLE (Object Linking and Embedding) -mënyrë e këmbimit të informatave ndërmjet dy skedarëve me aplikim të njëjtë ose të ndryshëm në Windows.Off-line - i çkyçurOn-line - i kyçurODBC (Open Data Base Connectivity) - standard i cili mundëson hyrje në sisteme të ndryshme të bazave të të dhënave.Operating System - sistem operativ. Softuer i cili është lidhje ndërmjet shfrytëzuesit dhe kompjuterit.Optical cable - kabëll optik për lidhje rrjetore të kompjuterëve me të cilin arihet shpejtësi e madhe në përcjelljen e të dhënave.OCR (Optical Character Recognition) - njohje e simboleve optike. Program i cili identifikon shenjat e shkruara dhe ato të shtypura dhe pastaj krijon skedar tekstual.OEM (Original Equipment Manifacturer) - prodhues i komponenteve të ndryshëm, të cilët pastaj lidhen me klientin, e emri i tij figuron në kompjuter.Overflow - tejkalim. Gjendje e cila paraqitet si rezultat i operacionit aritmetik; e tejkalon kapacitetin e kujtesës për ruajtjen e rezultatit.Overload - ngarkim i tepërt. Ngarkim më i j madh sesa pajisja; mund ta mban atë për të cilën është konstruktuar.Overstrike - nënvizim.Overtype - shkrim përmbi tekst.Overwrite - mbulim i informatës e cila më parë ka qenë në atë vend.PPage break - ndërprerje e faqes. Vend ku mbaron një faqe dhe fillon faqja tjetër.Page layout - pamje e faqesPpm (pages per minute) - faqe në minute. Njësi matëse e shpejtësisë së shtypësit gjatë shtypjes.Pagination - operacion automatik te programet për përpunimin e tekstit, i cili shërben për renditjen e tekstit nëpër faqe me numerimin e tyre.Palmtop computer - kompjuter i vogël i cili mund të mbahet në një dorë.PASCAL - Paskali. Gjuhë kompjuterike.Password - Fjalë e fshehur e cila përdoret për hyrje në sistemin kompjuterik.Patch - arnim. Ndryshim i kodit programor, i cili zakonisht bëhet pas mbarimit të softuerit me qëllim që të përmirësohen disa gabime.Path name - emri i datotekës së bashku me rrugën me të cilën arihet deti tek ajo.Pause - pauzë. Tast ose urdhër i cili përkohësisht e ndërpren punën e ndonjë programi.Peer-to-peer - rrjet lokal ku çdo kompjuter i kyçur është i barabartë. Në rrjet nuk ekziston server.Peripheral device - pajisje e harduerit e cila kyçet në kompjuter.Permanent SWAP file - skedar i përhershëm në Windows me të cilin shtresohen të dhënat dhe instruksionet programore kur nuk mund të vendosen në kujtesën RAM.PCMCIA (Personal Computer Memory Card International Association) - komitet i cili krijoj standarde për memorje me kapacitet më të madh e aplikuar te kompjuterët laptop.PIXEL (Picture Element) - Element më i vogël i monitorit kompjuterik i cili mundë të kontroliohet. Sa më i madh të jetë numri i pikselave, aq më e mirë është rezoluta.Pirate - person i cili merret me formën ilegale të kopjimit të softuerave.Plasma display - teknologji e përdorur për konstruimin e ekranit te kompjuterët laptop.Plotter - vizatues. Pajisje e cila shërben për vizatimin e rezultateve të përfituara nga kompjuteri.Plug and play - kyçe dhe puno. Pajisje të cilat kompjuteri automatikisht i detekton dhe i instalon drajverat e nevojshëm në të.Pointer - tregues. Fotografi e vogël në ekran, zakonisht në formë të shigjetës; lëvizjet e saja kontrollohen nëpërmjet minakut.Port - portë; lidhje; hyrje.Portability - përcjellshmëri. Cilësi e programave kompjuterike që të mund të adaptohen në lloj-lloj tipash të kompjuterëve.Power supply - furnizues i rrymes te kompjuteri.Print queue - pritje, rend për shtyp.Print server - zakonisht njëri prej kompjuterëve në rrjet i cili dirigjon me të gjitha kërkesat për shtyp dhe me të gjithë shtypësit që janë të lidhura në rrjet.Printer driver - softuer i cili i mundëson kompjuterit që të punojë me shtypësin.Procedure - rradhitje e instruksioneve kompjuterike të cilat bashkarisht veprojnë për një nevojë dhe detyrë të caktuar.Processing - përpunim i të dhënave.Programming language - gjuhë programore me të cilën programeri e shkruan programin kompjuterik.Prompt - shenjë për thirrje; shërben për shkruarjen e urdhërave.Purge - shlyerje pas së cilës të dhënat e shlyera nuk mund të kthehen më.QQuery - pyetje. Instruksion kompjuterik i cili i parashtron pyejte bazës së të dhënave.Quit - ndalje. Urdhër me të cilën para kohe ndalet ekzekutimi i programit.QWERTY - tastier në të cilën rreshti më i lartë i saj fillon me shkronjat Q, W, E, R, T, Y. Ekzistojnë edhe lloje tjera të tastierëve si per shembull QWERTZ.RRadio button - radio sustë. Mund të zgjedhim vetëm një sustë të këtij lloji në program.RAM (Random Access Memory) - kujtesa kryesore kompjuterike në të cilën janë të vendosura të dhënat të cilat përpunohen.Read-only - vetëm lexim. Të dhënat mund të lexohen, por jo edhe të ndryshohen.ROM (Read Only Memory) - kujtesa e pashlyeshme nga e cila mund të lexohen të dhënat.RTC (Real Time Clock) - Çip kompjuterik i cili ka funksion të orës që ta informojë kompjuterin për kohën e saktë, datën dhe vitin.Reboot - përsëri startim të kompjuterit, zakonisht për shkak të rënies së sistemit.Record - grup i të dhënave të cilat i takojnë një grupacioni. Për shembull, emri i ndonjërit, mbiemri, adresa dhe numri i telefonit.Recover - kthim në gjendjen normale të punës pas paraqitjes së gabimit në sistem.RAID (Redundant Array of Inexpensive Drives) - kombinim i më shumë disqeve me qëllim që të rritet siguria e të dhënave nga ndonjë humbje e paparashikuar.Refresh rate - shpejtësi për freski. Numër maksimal i fotografive që mund të shfaqen në ndonjë monitor për një sekondë. Paraqitet me herc.RDBMS (Relational Data Base Management System) - sistem për udhëheqjen e bazave të të dhënave.Remote computer - kompjuter i larguar.Remote control program - program me komandim prej së largu.Repeat delay - koha e nevojshme që të shtypet një tast e që të paraqitet karakteri i cli përgatitet që të dale në ekran.Reset button - sustë për resetim. Sustë në pjesën e përparme të shtëpizës së kompjuterit e cila shërben për vënien e sistemit në gjendjen fillestare të saj.Resolution - qartësi e përshkruarjes në ekran apo në shtypës.Response time - kohë për përgjigje nga ana e kompjuterit për ndonjë kërkesë përkatëse.Restart - startim i përsëritur i kompjuterit.Retreive - gjetje dhe ndarje në veçanti e ndonjë informate të përcaktuar.Retry - orvatje e sërishme për të kryer ndonjë instruksion të programit.Ring network - rrjet unazor.RJ-45 - konektor i cili i ngjan lidhjes telefonike, por ka 8 tela në vend që të ketë 4.Root directory - direktoriumi kryesor i një disku.Router - udhërëfyes. Pajisje rrjetore e cila i dërgon të dhënat në rrjet duke e zgjedhur rrugën më të mirë.SSafe mode - gjendje në të cilën startohet Windows-i kur paraqitet ndonjë konflikt në harduer.Save - shkrim i të dhënave në disk, ku nuk mund të humben pas mbylljes së kompjuterit.Scanner - skener. Mjet i cili në mënyrë optike lexon ndonjë dokument dhe e shndërron në skedar grafiko-digjital.Screen - ekran.Scroll - lëvizje e tekstit lart-poshtë.Search engine - program për kërkimin e të dhënave. Makina më të njohura për kërkim në internet janë: Yahoo, Altavista, Google etj.Server - kompjuter në rrjet i cili disa nga resurset e veta i vë në disponim të ndonjë kompjuteri tjetër.Session - koha në të cilën një shfrytëzues e kalon në rrjet.Set up - një sistem të vihet në gjendje pune.Shared file - skedar i përbashkët.Shut down - kryerje e punës së një sistemi operativ të kompjuterit ose çkyçje e kompjuterit.SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) - protokoll i cili shfrytëzohet për udhëheqjen e këmbimit të postës elektronike ndërmjet dy kompjuterëve.Slave - i nënshtruar. Kompjuter i cili është i kontrolluar nga një kompjuter tjetër.Software - të gjitha programet të cilat mund të shfrytëzohen në një kompjuter.Software development tool - vegla për zhvillimin e programeve.Sort - renditje e të dhënave me radhitje të re.Sound card - kartë për zërim.Storage - kujtesë.String - varg i shenjave.SQL (Structured Query Language) - pako e programeve për udhëheqjen e bazave të të dhënave.Switch - ndërprerës.System software - softuer sistemor (p.sh. MS-DOS, Windows etj).English-Albanian dictionary > Fjalor i shkurtër terminoiogjik i informatikës
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