Перевод: со словенского на английский

с английского на словенский

by+law

  • 41 blьskъ

    blьskъ Grammatical information: m. o
    Page in Trubačev: II 113-114
    Church Slavic:
    blьskъ `splendour' [m o]
    Old Czech:
    blesk `lightning, brightness' [m o], blsku [Gens]
    Lower Sorbian:
    bɫysk `lightning, brightness' [m o]
    Bulgarian:
    blắsăk `blow, stab' [m o]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: blisko- \{1\}
    Lithuanian:
    blìzgas `shine, glimmer' [m o] 2
    Indo-European reconstruction: bʰliǵ-sko-
    Page in Pokorny: 156
    Comments: The preglottalized velar may or may not have been lost before Winter's law. In the latter case, the Slavic and Baltic forms with short *i would have to be of analogical origin. For this reason I prefer a Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction without ʔ.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > blьskъ

  • 42 bȏgъ

    bȏgъ Grammatical information: m. o Accent paradigm: c Proto-Slavic meaning: `god'
    Page in Trubačev: II 161-163
    Old Church Slavic:
    bogъ `god' [m o]
    Russian:
    bog `god' [m o], bóga [Gens]
    Belorussian:
    boh `god' [m o], bóha [Gens]
    Ukrainian:
    bih `god' [m o], bóha [Gens]
    Czech:
    bůh `god' [m o], boha [Gens]
    Slovak:
    boh `god' [m o]
    Polish:
    bóg `god' [m o], boga [Gens]
    Upper Sorbian:
    bóh `god' [m o], boha [Gens]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    bȏg `god' [m o], bȍga [Gens];
    Čak. bȏg (Vrgada, Novi) `god' [m o], bȍga [Gens];
    Čak. buȏh (Orbanići) `God, Christ' [m o], bȍga [Gens]
    Slovene:
    bọ̑g `god' [m o], bogȃ [Gens]
    Bulgarian:
    bog `god' [m o]
    Comments: The Slavic noun * bogъ is usually considered a borrowing from Iranian (cf. Vaillant Gr. I: 16). This hypothesis is supported by the fact that the etymon does not show the effects of Winter's law.
    Other cognates:
    Skt. bhága- (RV+) `prosperity, good fortune' [m o];
    LAv. baɣa- `lord, god'

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > bȏgъ

  • 43 dadja

    dadja Grammatical information: f. jā
    Page in Trubačev: -
    Old Church Slavic:
    dažda (Hilf.) `distribution' [f ā]
    Indo-European reconstruction: dodh₃-ieh₂
    Page in Pokorny: 223
    Comments: According to Pokorny (IEW: 224), OCS dažda is analogical after *ědja (the substantive jažda is not attested in OCS). The jā-stem is based on the reduplicated root * dad- < * dodh₃-, which shows the effects of Winter's law.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > dadja

  • 44 dàti

    dàti Grammatical information: v. Proto-Slavic meaning: `give'
    Page in Trubačev: IV 194-195
    Old Church Slavic:
    dati `give' [verb], damь [1sg], dasi [2sg], dastъ [3sg], damъ [1pl], daste [2pl], dadętъ [3pl]
    Russian:
    dat' `give' [verb], dam [1sg], daš' [2sg], dast [3sg], dadím [1pl], dadíte [2pl], dadút [3pl]
    Czech:
    dáti `give' [verb]
    Old Czech:
    dáti `give' [verb], dám [1sg], dáš [2sg], dádie [3pl]
    Slovak:
    dáti (OSlk.) `give' [verb];
    dat' `give' [verb]
    Polish:
    dać `give' [verb], dam [1sg], dadzą [3pl]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    dȁti `give' [verb], dȃm [1sg], dámo [1pl];
    Čak. dȁti (Vrgada) `give' [verb], då̃š [2sg], då̑dȅš [2sg];
    Čak. dȁt (Orbanići) `give' [verb], dãn [1sg], dāmȍ [1pl]
    Slovene:
    dáti `give' [verb], dám [1sg]
    Bulgarian:
    dam `give' [verb]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: doʔtei; doʔd-mi [1sg]
    Lithuanian:
    dúoti `give' [verb]
    Latvian:
    duôt `give' [verb]
    Old Prussian:
    dāt `give' [verb]
    Indo-European reconstruction: deh₃-; didh₃-
    IE meaning: give
    Page in Pokorny: 223
    Comments: In the reduplicated present the first element became acute as a result of Winter's law.
    Other cognates:
    Gk. δίδωμι `give' [verb];
    Skt. dádāti `give' [verb];
    Lat. dāre `give' [verb]

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > dàti

  • 45 debelъ

    debelъ Grammatical information: adj. o Proto-Slavic meaning: `fat'
    Page in Trubačev: IV 201-202
    Church Slavic:
    debelyj (RuCS) `fat' [adj o]
    Russian:
    debélyj `plump, corpulent' [adj o];
    debëlyj (dial.) `healthy, strong, plump, corpulent' [adj o]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    dèbeo `fat' [adj o];
    Čak. dȅbē (Vrgada) `fat' [adj o], debelà̀ [Nomsf]
    Slovene:
    débeɫ `fat, big, strong' [adj o], debę́la [Nomsf]
    Bulgarian:
    debél `fat, strong' [adj o]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: deb-
    Latvian:
    depsis `small, fat boy'
    Old Prussian:
    debīkan `big' [Accs];
    debica (Gr.) `big' [adj]
    Certainty: -
    Comments: Formally, the Balto-Slavic and the Germanic forms do not match, considering that in the case of PIE *b the Balto-Slavic evidence would violate Winter's law. It is by no means necessary, however, to assume that this etymon is of Indo-European origin.
    Other cognates:
    OIc. dapr `sad' [adj];
    Nw. daper `sad, with young' [adj];
    Nw. (dial.) dabb(e) `small, fat fellow'
    ;
    OHG tapfar `firm, heavy, thick-set' [adj]

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > debelъ

  • 46 dě̀verь

    dě̀verь Grammatical information: m. jo Accent paradigm: a (c) Proto-Slavic meaning: `husband's brother'
    Page in Trubačev: V 19
    Russian:
    déver' `husband's brother' [m jo], dever'já [Nom p] \{1\}
    Old Czech:
    deveř `husband's brother' [m jo]
    Old Polish:
    dziewierz `husband's brother' [m jo]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    djȅvēr `husband's brother, best man' [m o];
    Čak. dȉver (Vrgada) `husband's brother, best man' [m o];
    Čak. dȅver (Orbanići) `marriage witness' [m o]
    Slovene:
    dẹvę̑r `husband's brother' [m jo], dẹvȇrja [Gens];
    dẹ́ver `husband's brother, best man' [m o], dẹ́vera [Gens]
    Bulgarian:
    déver `husband's brother, best man' [m o]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: dáʔiuer-
    Lithuanian:
    díeveris `husband's brother' [m i] 1;
    dieverìs `husband's brother' [m i] 3a
    Latvian:
    diẽveris `husband's brother' [m io]
    Indo-European reconstruction: deh₂i-uer-
    IE meaning: husband's brother
    Certainty: +
    Comments: In case-forms with original stress on the suffix one expects root stress as a result of Hirt's law. This accounts for the many indications for root stress in both Baltic and Slavic.
    Other cognates:
    Skt. devár- `husband's brother'
    ;
    Gk. δα̑ήρ `husband's brother'
    Notes:
    \{1\} AP (a) in Old Russian (Zaliznjak 1985: 138).

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > dě̀verь

  • 47 drozdъ

    drozdъ Grammatical information: m. o Accent paradigm: c (/b?) Proto-Slavic meaning: `thrush'
    Page in Trubačev: V 126-127
    Russian:
    drozd `thrush, (čërnyj d. ) blackbird' [m o], drozdá [Gens] \{1\}
    Ukrainian:
    drizd `thrush' [m o], drozdá [Gens]
    Czech:
    drozd `thrush' [m o]
    Slovak:
    drozd `thrush' [m o]
    Polish:
    drozd `thrush' [m o]
    Slovincian:
    drȯ́u̯zd `thrush' [m o]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    drȏzd `thrush' [m o];
    drȏzak `thrush' [m o], drȏzga [Gens];
    drȏzak `thrush' [m o], drȍzga [Gens];
    Čak. drȍzak `thrush' [m o], drȍzga [Accs]
    Slovene:
    drǫ̑zd `thrush' [m o];
    drǫ̑zg `thrush, (črni d. ) blackbird' [m o]
    Bulgarian:
    drozd `thrush, (coll.) blackbird' [m o]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: trozdós
    Lithuanian:
    strãzdas `thrush, (juodasis s.) blackbird, (dial.) starling' [m o] 4
    Latvian:
    strazds `thrush, (melnais s.) blackbird, (mājas s. ) starling' [m o]
    Old Prussian:
    tresde `thrush'
    Indo-European reconstruction: trozd-o-
    Comments: In order to explain why * drozdъ was not, or rather only partly affected by the generalization of accentual mobilty in masculine o-stems, Illič-Svityč (1963: 45) reconstructs an u -stem, referring to OIc. ʮrǫstr < *-uz. I am inclined to consider the possibility that owing to the cluster - zd-, which prevented the Balto-Slavic retraction called Ebeling's law, *drozdъ belonged to a marginal oxytone type that in principle merged with AP (b). In that case it is no longer necessary to posit a u-stem. It must be said, by the way, that the evidence for AP (c) seems to outweigh the evidence for (c).
    Other cognates:
    Lat. turdus `thrush'
    ;
    OIr. truit `thrush' [f] \{2\};
    OIc. ʮrǫstr `thrush'
    Notes:
    \{1\} AP (c) in Old Russian (Zaliznjak 1985: 137). \{2\} OIr. also truid, druid.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > drozdъ

  • 48 dỳmъ

    dỳmъ Grammatical information: m. o Accent paradigm: a Proto-Slavic meaning: `smoke'
    Page in Trubačev: V 203
    Old Church Slavic:
    dymъ `smoke' [m o]
    Russian:
    dym `smoke' [m o]
    Czech:
    dým `smoke, steam' [m o]
    Slovak:
    dym `smoke' [m o]
    Polish:
    dym `smoke, steam' [m o]
    Slovincian:
    dḯm `smoke' [m o], dȧ̃mu [Gens]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    dȉm `smoke' [m o];
    Čak. dĩm (Vrgada, Orbanići) `smoke' [m o], dȉma [Gens];
    Čak. dím (Novi) `smoke' [m o], dȉma [Gens]
    Slovene:
    dìm `smoke' [m o], díma [Gens]
    Bulgarian:
    dim `smoke' [m o]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: dúʔmos
    Lithuanian:
    dū́mai `smoke' [Nompm o]
    Latvian:
    dũmi `smoke' [Nompm o]
    Old Prussian:
    dumis (EV) `smoke'
    Indo-European reconstruction: dʰuH-mó-
    IE meaning: smoke
    Page in Pokorny: 261
    Comments: The fixed root stress results from Hirt's law.
    Other cognates:
    Skt. dhūmáḥ `smoke, vapour' [m o];
    Gk. θυ̑μός `heart, passion, courage'
    ;
    Lat. fūmus `smoke, vapour'

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > dỳmъ

  • 49 dъnò

    dъnò Grammatical information: n. o Accent paradigm: b Proto-Slavic meaning: `bottom'
    Page in Trubačev: V 174-175
    Old Church Slavic:
    dъno `bottom' [n o]
    Russian:
    dno `bottom' [n o]
    Czech:
    dno `bottom' [n o]
    Polish:
    dno `bottom' [n o]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    dnȍ `bottom' [n o];
    Čak. dnȍ (Vrgada, Orbanići) `bottom' [n o]
    Slovene:
    dnọ̀ `bottom' [n o]
    Bulgarian:
    dắno `bottom, floor' [n o]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: dubno
    Lithuanian:
    dùgnas `bottom' [m o] 4
    Indo-European reconstruction: dʰubʰ-no-
    Certainty: -
    Comments: The Slavic vacillation between root-final *b and *p does not have a Baltic counterpart. In East Baltic, however, the full grade * daub- occurs both with acute and circumflex tone, e.g. Latv. duôbjš `deep'. The acute variant could be attributed to Winter's law, which would be in accordance with PGm. * deupa- `deep'< * dʰeub-, but this would leave us without an explanation for the other forms. The many formal problems connected with this root have made it a prime example of a borrowing from a substratum language (cf. Kuiper 1995).

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > dъnò

  • 50 edìnъ

    edìnъ; edьnъ Grammatical information: num. o Proto-Slavic meaning: `one'
    Page in Trubačev: VI 11-13
    Old Church Slavic:
    jedinъ `one' [num o];
    jedьnъ `one' [num o] \{1\}
    Russian:
    odín `one' [num o], odnogó [Gens], odná [Nomsf]
    Czech:
    jeden `one' [num o]
    Polish:
    jeden `one' [num o];
    jedyny `only' [num o]
    Old Polish:
    jedziny `only' [num o]
    Slovincian:
    jȧ̃dĕn `one' [num o]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    jèdan `one' [num o], jȅdna [Nomsf];
    Čak. jedå̃n (Vrgada) `one' [num o], jednȁ [Nomsf], jednȍ [Nomsn];
    Čak. jedãn (Orbanići) `one, some, a certain, a' [num o], jenȁ [Nomsf], jenȍ [Nomsn]
    Slovene:
    edín `only, lonesome' [num o];
    jedín `only, lonesome' [num o];
    édǝn `one' [num o];
    jédǝn `one' [num o];
    èn `one' [num o]
    Bulgarian:
    edín `one' [num. o]
    Indo-European reconstruction: h₁edʰ-HiH-no-
    IE meaning: one
    Certainty: +
    Page in Pokorny: 284, 286
    Comments: In view of Ru. odín, Gsg. odnogó etc., the form *jedьnь must be due to analogy. The vowel of the second syllable behaves similarly to a so-called "tense jer": in strong postion we find i (sometimes e), in weak position the vowel is lost. This behaviour might be linked to the j of *jьnъ. Though the j, which before words beginning with a front vowel had arisen as an automatic Hiatustilger, is absent in *jedinъ/jedьnъ, it is conceivable that it conformed to the pattern of *jьnъ. The problem with this hypothesis is that forms with *jn- < *jьn appear to be lacking. Andersen's reconstruction *edeino- next to *edino- (1996: 116) is, in my opinion, an unsatisfactory explanation for the alternation mentioned above. The origin of the element *jed- < *(h₁)edʰ- is unclear. Pokorny's reconstruction *ed- is in conflict with Winter's law.
    Notes:
    \{1\} The form with ь is less common than jedinъ.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > edìnъ

  • 51 edьnъ

    edìnъ; edьnъ Grammatical information: num. o Proto-Slavic meaning: `one'
    Page in Trubačev: VI 11-13
    Old Church Slavic:
    jedinъ `one' [num o];
    jedьnъ `one' [num o] \{1\}
    Russian:
    odín `one' [num o], odnogó [Gens], odná [Nomsf]
    Czech:
    jeden `one' [num o]
    Polish:
    jeden `one' [num o];
    jedyny `only' [num o]
    Old Polish:
    jedziny `only' [num o]
    Slovincian:
    jȧ̃dĕn `one' [num o]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    jèdan `one' [num o], jȅdna [Nomsf];
    Čak. jedå̃n (Vrgada) `one' [num o], jednȁ [Nomsf], jednȍ [Nomsn];
    Čak. jedãn (Orbanići) `one, some, a certain, a' [num o], jenȁ [Nomsf], jenȍ [Nomsn]
    Slovene:
    edín `only, lonesome' [num o];
    jedín `only, lonesome' [num o];
    édǝn `one' [num o];
    jédǝn `one' [num o];
    èn `one' [num o]
    Bulgarian:
    edín `one' [num. o]
    Indo-European reconstruction: h₁edʰ-HiH-no-
    IE meaning: one
    Certainty: +
    Page in Pokorny: 284, 286
    Comments: In view of Ru. odín, Gsg. odnogó etc., the form *jedьnь must be due to analogy. The vowel of the second syllable behaves similarly to a so-called "tense jer": in strong postion we find i (sometimes e), in weak position the vowel is lost. This behaviour might be linked to the j of *jьnъ. Though the j, which before words beginning with a front vowel had arisen as an automatic Hiatustilger, is absent in *jedinъ/jedьnъ, it is conceivable that it conformed to the pattern of *jьnъ. The problem with this hypothesis is that forms with *jn- < *jьn appear to be lacking. Andersen's reconstruction *edeino- next to *edino- (1996: 116) is, in my opinion, an unsatisfactory explanation for the alternation mentioned above. The origin of the element *jed- < *(h₁)edʰ- is unclear. Pokorny's reconstruction *ed- is in conflict with Winter's law.
    Notes:
    \{1\} The form with ь is less common than jedinъ.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > edьnъ

  • 52 ȅzero

    ȅzero; ȅzerъ Grammatical information: n. o; m. o Accent paradigm: c Proto-Slavic meaning: `lake'
    Page in Trubačev: VI 33-34
    Old Church Slavic:
    jezero `lake' [n o];
    jezerъ (Zogr., Ass.) `lake' [Accm o]
    Russian:
    ózero `lake' [n o]
    Czech:
    jezero `lake' [n o]
    Slovak:
    jazero `lake' [n o];
    jeźer (E. dial.) `lake' [m o]
    Polish:
    jezioro `lake' [n o]
    Upper Sorbian:
    jězer `lake' [n o]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    jȅzero `lake' [n o], jezèra [Nom p];
    Čak. jȅzero (Vrgada) `lake' [n o], jezerå̃ [Nom p];
    Čak. jȅzero?? (Novi) `lake' [n o], jȅzera [Nom p];
    jȅzēr `lake' [m o]
    Slovene:
    ję̑zerọ `lake' [n o];
    ję̑zer `lake' [m o];
    jezer `lake' [f i]
    Bulgarian:
    ézero `lake' [n o]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: éźero
    Lithuanian:
    ẽžeras `lake' [m o] 3b
    Latvian:
    ęzęrs `lake' [m o];
    ęzars `lake' [m o]
    Old Prussian:
    assaran `lake' [n]
    Indo-European reconstruction: h₁eǵʰ-(e)r-o-
    IE meaning: lake
    Certainty: -
    Comments: In view of "Rozwadowski's change", the reconstruction of the anlaut offers a number of alternatives (*h₂e-, *h₃e-, *Ho-), but not if the etymon under discussion belongs to *ězъ `balk, weir', which in my opinion is the case. A cognate outside Balto-Slavic is Arm. ezr `bank, border, limit' < *h₁(e)ǵʰ- (-> *ězъ for the semantic apects of the etymology). Note that the short initial vowel of *jȅzero requires the reconstruction of an aspirated velar anyhow (Winter's law). The connection with the Greek mythological river Α᾽ χέρων is dubious.
    Other cognates:
    Arm. ezr `edge, border, bank' [r]

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > ȅzero

  • 53 ȅzerъ

    ȅzero; ȅzerъ Grammatical information: n. o; m. o Accent paradigm: c Proto-Slavic meaning: `lake'
    Page in Trubačev: VI 33-34
    Old Church Slavic:
    jezero `lake' [n o];
    jezerъ (Zogr., Ass.) `lake' [Accm o]
    Russian:
    ózero `lake' [n o]
    Czech:
    jezero `lake' [n o]
    Slovak:
    jazero `lake' [n o];
    jeźer (E. dial.) `lake' [m o]
    Polish:
    jezioro `lake' [n o]
    Upper Sorbian:
    jězer `lake' [n o]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    jȅzero `lake' [n o], jezèra [Nom p];
    Čak. jȅzero (Vrgada) `lake' [n o], jezerå̃ [Nom p];
    Čak. jȅzero?? (Novi) `lake' [n o], jȅzera [Nom p];
    jȅzēr `lake' [m o]
    Slovene:
    ję̑zerọ `lake' [n o];
    ję̑zer `lake' [m o];
    jezer `lake' [f i]
    Bulgarian:
    ézero `lake' [n o]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: éźero
    Lithuanian:
    ẽžeras `lake' [m o] 3b
    Latvian:
    ęzęrs `lake' [m o];
    ęzars `lake' [m o]
    Old Prussian:
    assaran `lake' [n]
    Indo-European reconstruction: h₁eǵʰ-(e)r-o-
    IE meaning: lake
    Certainty: -
    Comments: In view of "Rozwadowski's change", the reconstruction of the anlaut offers a number of alternatives (*h₂e-, *h₃e-, *Ho-), but not if the etymon under discussion belongs to *ězъ `balk, weir', which in my opinion is the case. A cognate outside Balto-Slavic is Arm. ezr `bank, border, limit' < *h₁(e)ǵʰ- (-> *ězъ for the semantic apects of the etymology). Note that the short initial vowel of *jȅzero requires the reconstruction of an aspirated velar anyhow (Winter's law). The connection with the Greek mythological river Α᾽ χέρων is dubious.
    Other cognates:
    Arm. ezr `edge, border, bank' [r]

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > ȅzerъ

  • 54 ě̑rъ

    ě̑rъ II Grammatical information: adj. o Accent paradigm: c
    Page in Trubačev: VIII 178-179
    Old Church Slavic:
    jarъ (Zogr., Mar. Ass.) `austere' [adj o]
    Russian:
    járyj `furious, violent, vehement' [adj o] \{1\}
    Czech:
    jarý `young, fresh, wild' [adj o]
    Slovak:
    jarý `energetic, fresh, cheerful' [adj o]
    Polish:
    jary (arch.) `clear, strong, hot' [adj o]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    jȃr (RJA) `heated, steep, cruel' [adj o]
    Slovene:
    jȃr `furious, savage' [adj o]
    Page in Pokorny: 501
    Comments: The connection with Gk. ζωρός `pure, sheer (of wine)' is, of course, merely a possibility. Note that a reconstructed form * ioH-ro- or * ieh₃-ro- would be affected by Hirt's law, which seems to be in conflict with the attested accentuation.
    Other cognates:
    Gk. ζωρός `pure, sheer (of wine)' [adj]
    Notes:
    \{1\} AP (c) in Old Russian (Zalziajnak 1985: 138).

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > ě̑rъ

  • 55 ě̀to

    ě̀to Grammatical information: n. o Accent paradigm: a Proto-Slavic meaning: `herd, flock'
    Page in Trubačev: VIII 182-183
    Church Slavic:
    jato `flock' [n o]
    Russian:
    jat (dial.) `shoal of fish' [m o]
    Polish:
    jato (obs.) `herd, flock' [n o]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    jȁto `flock (of birds), swarm, herd' [n o];
    Čak. jȁto (Vrgada) `flock (of birds), swarm, herd' [n o]
    Slovene:
    játọ `herd, flock' [n o];
    jȃta `herd, flock' [f ā]
    Bulgarian:
    játo `flock (of birds)' [n o]
    Indo-European reconstruction: ieh₂-tóm
    Comments: The fixed root stress of this etymon must be due to Hirt's law.
    Other cognates:
    Skt. yātá- `progress, course' [n]
    Notes:
    -

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > ě̀to

  • 56 jùgъ

    jùgъ Grammatical information: m. o Accent paradigm: a Proto-Slavic meaning: `South, south wind'
    Page in Trubačev: VIII 192-193
    Old Church Slavic:
    jugъ `South, south wind' [m o]
    Russian:
    jug `South, south wind' [m o]
    Old Russian:
    ugъ `South, south wind' [m o]
    Czech:
    jih `South' [m o]
    Old Czech:
    juh `south wind' [m o]
    Slovak:
    juh `South' [m o]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    jȕg `south wind' [m o];
    jȕgo `south wind' [n o];
    Čak. jȕgo (Vrgada, Novi, Orbanići) `south wind' [n o]
    Slovene:
    jùg `southwest wind, South' [m o], júga [Gens]
    Bulgarian:
    jug `South' [m o]
    Comments: If *jùgъ is cognate with Gk. αὐγή `light, beam' < *h₂eug-, the acute tone of the root can be explained by Winter's law. On the other hand, this etmology also implies that the *j- was originally a glide, which considering the distribution of forms with and without *j- seems less likely. The ESSJa argues that * jugъ contains * iouǝ `mix, knead'. The original meaning would have been `soft', cf. -> sěverъ, of the which the older meaning is assumed to have been `sharp, severe'. This all seems highly speculative.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > jùgъ

  • 57 jьgra

    jьgra; jьgrь Grammatical information: f. ā; m. o Accent paradigm: b Proto-Slavic meaning: `play, game'
    Page in Trubačev: VIII 208-210
    Old Church Slavic:
    igrь (Euch., Supr.) `entertainment, joke' [f i]
    Church Slavic:
    igra `entertainment, dance, play' [f ā]
    Russian:
    igrá `play(ing), game' [f ā]
    Ukrainian:
    hra `play(ing), game' [f ā]
    Czech:
    hra `play, game, entertainment, amusement' [f ā]
    Old Czech:
    jhra `play, amusement' [f ā]
    Slovak:
    hra `play, game, entertainment, amusement' [f ā];
    ihra (arch.) `play, entertainment' [f ā]
    Polish:
    gra `play(ing), game' [f ā]
    Old Polish:
    igra `play(ing), game' [f ā]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    ìgra `play(ing), dance' [f ā], ȉgru [Accs];
    Čak. igrȁ (Vrgada) `play(ing), dance' [f ā], igrȕ [Accs];
    Čak. ȉgra (Orbanići) `game, play' [f ā], ȉgro [Accs]
    Slovene:
    ígra `play' [f ā];
    igrà `play' [f ā]
    Bulgarian:
    igrá `play(ing), game' [f ā]
    Page in Pokorny: 13
    Comments: Etymology unclear. The connection with Skt. éjati `move, stir' < * h₂eig- is semantically unconvincing and formally unattractive because it is conflict with Winter's law.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > jьgra

  • 58 jьgrь

    jьgra; jьgrь Grammatical information: f. ā; m. o Accent paradigm: b Proto-Slavic meaning: `play, game'
    Page in Trubačev: VIII 208-210
    Old Church Slavic:
    igrь (Euch., Supr.) `entertainment, joke' [f i]
    Church Slavic:
    igra `entertainment, dance, play' [f ā]
    Russian:
    igrá `play(ing), game' [f ā]
    Ukrainian:
    hra `play(ing), game' [f ā]
    Czech:
    hra `play, game, entertainment, amusement' [f ā]
    Old Czech:
    jhra `play, amusement' [f ā]
    Slovak:
    hra `play, game, entertainment, amusement' [f ā];
    ihra (arch.) `play, entertainment' [f ā]
    Polish:
    gra `play(ing), game' [f ā]
    Old Polish:
    igra `play(ing), game' [f ā]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    ìgra `play(ing), dance' [f ā], ȉgru [Accs];
    Čak. igrȁ (Vrgada) `play(ing), dance' [f ā], igrȕ [Accs];
    Čak. ȉgra (Orbanići) `game, play' [f ā], ȉgro [Accs]
    Slovene:
    ígra `play' [f ā];
    igrà `play' [f ā]
    Bulgarian:
    igrá `play(ing), game' [f ā]
    Page in Pokorny: 13
    Comments: Etymology unclear. The connection with Skt. éjati `move, stir' < * h₂eig- is semantically unconvincing and formally unattractive because it is conflict with Winter's law.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > jьgrь

  • 59 kvȃsъ

    kvȃsъ Grammatical information: m. o Accent paradigm: c Proto-Slavic meaning: `leaven, fermented drink'
    Page in Trubačev: XIII 153-155
    Old Church Slavic:
    kvasъ `leaven, fermented drink, kvass' [m o]
    Russian:
    kvas `kvass, fermented drink' [m o], kvása [Gens]
    Czech:
    kvas `leaven, kvass, fermented drink' [m o]
    Slovak:
    kvas `leaven, mud' [m o]
    Polish:
    kwas `sourness, (arch.) fermented drink' [m o]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    kvȃs `leaven, kvass, malted drink' [m o], kvȃsa [Gens];
    Čak. kvȃs (Vrgada) `yeast' [m o], kvȃsa [Gens];
    Čak. kvȃs (Orbanići) `yeast' [m o], kvȃsa [Gens]
    Slovene:
    kvȃs `leaven, ferment' [m o]
    Bulgarian:
    kvas `leaven, kvass' [m o]
    Indo-European reconstruction: \{1\} kHuōth₂-so-??; kue/oHth₂-so-??
    Comments: Besides *kHuōth₂-so-, a secondary full grade *kua/oHso-, which would have to be posterior to Hirt's law, seems possible.
    Other cognates:
    Lat. cāseus `cheese'
    ;
    Go. hʷaʮo `foam' [f]

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > kvȃsъ

  • 60 mara

    mara Grammatical information: f. ā Proto-Slavic meaning: `ghost, apparition'
    Page in Trubačev: XVII 204-207 \{1\}
    Church Slavic:
    mara (RuCS) `ecstasy' [f ā]
    Russian:
    mára, mará `apparition, mirage;
    (dial.) house-sprite, evil spirit' [f ā]
    Belorussian:
    mará, mára `dream, apparition, nightmare;
    (dial.) `witch, demon' [f ā]
    Ukrainian:
    mará `apparition, ghost, witch' [f ā]
    Slovak:
    mara `ghost, apparition' [f ā]
    Polish:
    Slovincian:
    mara `dream, apparition, ghost' [f ā]
    Upper Sorbian:
    mara `goddess of illness and death' [f ā]
    Bulgarian:
    Mára `name of a fairy-tale monster' [f ā]
    Indo-European reconstruction: meh₂-reh₂
    Certainty: +
    Page in Pokorny: 693
    Comments: There are basically two views on the origin of *mara. According to a hypothesis put forward by Franck (1904: 129) and advocated by a.o. Schuster-Šewc (885ff), *mara continues PIE *mōrā and differs from *mora only in having lengthened grade. The alternative etymology, which can at least be traced to Zubatý 1894, connects *mara with the root ma- < *meh₂- of majati, mamъ etc. Though it seems at a first glance unsatisfactory to separate *mara from *mora - in Polish, for instance, mara and mora are synonymous -, it is awkward that in most Slavic languages both apophonic variants would occur side by side. Perhaps we have to start from *mara `illusion, apparition' beside *mora `female demon that tortures people with nightmares', which later became confused. This scenario may also offer an explanation for the fact that the accentual paradigm of both words is so hard to determine. We would expect *màra (a) - in view of Hirt's law - beside *morà (b) or (c). Nevertheless we find forms like Ru. móra and mará (beside mára). I think that in this respect, too, we have to reckon with analogy.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > mara

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