Перевод: со словенского на английский

с английского на словенский

by+law

  • 21 vědrò

    vědrò Grammatical information: n. o Accent paradigm: b Proto-Slavic meaning: `bucket'
    Old Church Slavic:
    vědro (Euch., Supr.) `barrel' [n o]
    Russian:
    vedró `bucket' [n o]
    Czech:
    vědro `bucket' [n o]
    Slovak:
    vedro `bucket' [n o]
    Polish:
    wiadro `bucket' [n o]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    vjèdro `bucket' [n o];
    vijèdro (Montenegro) `bucket' [n o];
    Čak. vȉdro (Vrgada) `bucket' [n o]
    Slovene:
    vẹ́drọ `bucket' [n o]
    Bulgarian:
    vedró `bucket' [n o]
    Lithuanian:
    vė́daras `sausage, (dial.) belly, intestines' [m o] 3a
    Latvian:
    vę̂dars `belly' [m o]
    Old Prussian:
    weders (EV) `belly, stomach'
    Indo-European reconstruction: ued-róm
    Comments: There are basically two etymologies for this noun. According to, among others, Meillet (1902-1905: 407-408) and Vasmer, *vědrò derives from the root of *uod-r/n- `water', cf. Gk. ὑδρία `water-pot, pitcher, vessel'. The other option is to connect the word for `bucket' with forms meaning `belly'. I prefer the latter etymology. In both cases the long vowel of the root can be attributed to Winter's law, which at first sight is incompatible with AP (b). In my framework, however, it is possible to assume that in Proto-Slavic the reflex of the laryngeal was lost in pretonic position (the sequence - dr- prevented the Balto-Slavic retraction of the stress from final open syllables). The remaining problem is the fact that the evidence points almost exclusively to a short root vowel, as words of the aforementioned type as a rule appear to have escaped the pretonic shortening that took place before Dybo's law.
    Other cognates:
    Skt. udára- `belly, womb' [n];
    Gk. ὕδερος
    `dropsy' [m];
    Lat. uterus `lower abdomen, belly, womb'
    Notes:
    \{1\} With unclear -t-.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > vědrò

  • 22 vodà

    vodà Grammatical information: f. ā Accent paradigm: c Proto-Slavic meaning: `water'
    Old Church Slavic:
    voda `water' [f ā]
    Russian:
    vodá `water' [f ā], vódu [Accs]
    Czech:
    voda `water' [f ā]
    Slovak:
    voda `water' [f ā]
    Polish:
    woda `water' [f ā]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    vòda `water' [f ā], vȍdu [Accs];
    Čak. vodȁ (Vrgada, Novi, Hvar) `water' [f ā], vȍdu [Accs];
    Čak. vodȁ (Orbanići) `water' [f ā], vȍdo [Accs]
    Slovene:
    vóda `water' [f ā]
    Bulgarian:
    vodá `water' [f ā]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: u̯ondōr
    Lithuanian:
    vanduõ `water' [m n] 3a
    Latvian:
    ûdens `water' [m o]
    Old Prussian:
    wundan `water';
    unds `water'
    Indo-European reconstruction: The origin of *vodà is the heteroclitic noun *uod-r/n- `water'. The fact that the etymon was not affected by Winter's law calls for an explanation. Kortlandt (1979: 60-61, cf. 1988: 388-389) claims that the vocalism of * voda continues the Gsg. * (v)undnes of a Balto-Slavic noun * vondōr, with a nasal infix originating from a suffix, as in Latv. unda (cf. Thurneysen 1883). The sequence ndn blocked Winter's law (cf. the regular acute in Lith. vanduõ). The vocalism * vod- arose in Proto-Slavic when *un was lowered before a tautosyllabic stop, which development was followed by the dissimilatory loss of the *n (cf. -> * ogn'ь).
    Other cognates:
    Skt. udán- (RV+) `water' [n];
    Hitt. u̯ātar `water' [n], u̯etenas [Gens];
    Gk. ὕδωρ `water' [n];
    Lat. unda `wave' [f];
    Go. wato `water' [n];
    OS watar `water' [n];
    OIc. vatn `water' [n]

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > vodà

  • 23 xoditi

    xoditi Grammatical information: v. Proto-Slavic meaning: `go, walk'
    Page in Trubačev: VIII 48-49
    Old Church Slavic:
    xoditi `go, walk' [verb], xoždǫ [1sg]
    Russian:
    xodít' `go, walk' [verb], xožú [1sg], xódit [3sg]
    Czech:
    choditi `go, walk' [verb]
    Slovak:
    chodit' `go, walk' [verb]
    Polish:
    chodzić `go, walk' [verb]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    hòditi `go, walk' [verb], hȍdīm [1sg];
    Čak. hodȉti (Vrgada) `go, walk' [verb];
    Čak. hodȉt (Orbanići) `go, walk' [verb], hȍdin [1sg]
    Slovene:
    hóditi `go, walk' [verb], hǫ́dim [Gens]
    Bulgarian:
    xódja `go, walk' [verb]
    Indo-European reconstruction: sod-
    Certainty: +
    Page in Pokorny: 884
    Comments: The initial x is thought to have originated after prefixes triggering the "ruki-rule" (e.g. pri-, u-). In order to explain the absence of the effects of Winter's law, Kortlandt assumes that xoditi replaces a reduplicated present *sizd-, where the law would not apply (Kortlandt 1988: 394).
    Other cognates:
    Gk. ὁδεύω `wander' [verb];
    Av. āsnaoiti `approaches' [verb]

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > xoditi

  • 24 xȏdъ

    xȏdъ Grammatical information: m. o Accent paradigm: c Proto-Slavic meaning: `motion, movement'
    Page in Trubačev: VIII 51-52
    Old Church Slavic:
    xodъ (Supr.) `motion, movement' [m o]
    Russian:
    xod `motion, movement' [m o], xóda [Gens]
    Ukrainian:
    xid `motion, movement' [m o], xóda [Gens]
    Czech:
    chod `motion, movement, walking' [m o]
    Slovak:
    chod `motion, movement, walk' [m o]
    Polish:
    chód `motion, movement, walking' [m o], chodu [Gens]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    hȏd `motion, movement, speed' [m o], hȍda [Gens];
    Čak. hȏd (Vrgada) `motion, movement, speed' [m o], hȍda [Gens];
    Čak. huȏt (Orbanići) `walk, walking' [m o], hȍda [Gens]
    Slovene:
    hòd `motion, movement, walking' [m o], hóda [Gens];
    hǫ̑d `motion, movement, walking' [m o], hodȃ [Gens]
    Bulgarian:
    xod `motion, movement, step' [m o]
    Indo-European reconstruction: sod-o- \{1\}
    Certainty: +
    Page in Pokorny: 884
    Other cognates:
    Gk. ὁδός `wander' [verb]
    Notes:
    \{1\} The initial x is thought to have originated after prefixes triggering the "ruki-rule" (e.g. pri-, u-). In order to explain the absence of the effects of Winter's law, Kortlandt assumes that xoditi replaces a reduplicated present *sizd-, where the law would not apply (Kortlandt 1988: 394).

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > xȏdъ

  • 25 snaha

    Slovenian-english dictionary > snaha

  • 26 svak

    Slovenian-english dictionary > svak

  • 27 svakinja

    Slovenian-english dictionary > svakinja

  • 28 tast

    Slovenian-english dictionary > tast

  • 29 tašča

    Slovenian-english dictionary > tašča

  • 30 zakon

    act, law, marriage

    Slovenian-english dictionary > zakon

  • 31 zet

    Slovenian-english dictionary > zet

  • 32 àgnę

    àgnę Grammatical information: n. nt Accent paradigm: a Proto-Slavic meaning: `lamb'
    Page in Trubačev: I 54-55
    Old Church Slavic:
    agnę (Zogr., Supr.) `lamb' [n nt]
    Old Russian:
    jagnja `lamb' [n nt]
    Czech:
    jehně `lamb' [n nt]
    Slovak:
    jahňa `lamb' [n nt]
    Polish:
    jagnię `lamb' [n nt]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    jȁgne `lamb' [n nt];
    Čak. jȁńe (Vrgada) `lamb' [n nt], jå̃ńci [Nom p]
    Slovene:
    jágnje `lamb' [n nt];
    ágnje `lamb' [n nt]
    Bulgarian:
    ágne `lamb' [n nt];
    jágne `lamb' [n nt]
    Indo-European reconstruction: h₂egʷ-n-
    IE meaning: lamb
    Certainty: +
    Page in Pokorny: 9
    Comments: PSl. * agn- < * h₂egʷ-n- (N.B. Winter's law) with the diminutive suffix *-ę < *- ent-, which is common in designations of young animals. Slavic forms without a secondary suffix do not exist.
    Other cognates:
    Gk. ἀμνός `lamb' [f/m];
    Lat. agnus `lamb'
    \{1\}
    Notes:
    \{1\} Slavic *agnędъ `black poplar', which Trubačev derives from the word for `lamb', may be related to Greek ἄμνος `chaste-tree'. I tentatively posit a root *h₂eǵ-.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > àgnę

  • 33 àgnьcь

    àgnьcь Grammatical information: m. jo Accent paradigm: a Proto-Slavic meaning: `lamb'
    Page in Trubačev: I 57
    Old Church Slavic:
    agnьcь `lamb' [m jo];
    jagnьcь `lamb' [m jo]
    Russian:
    ágnec' (eccl.) `lamb' [m jo]
    Czech:
    jehnec (Kott) `lamb' [m jo]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    jȁgnjac `lamb' [m jo];
    Čak. jȁńe (Vrgada) `lamb' [n nt], jå̃ńci [Nom p];
    Čak. jȁnjac (Orbanići) `lamb' [m jo], jãjnci [Nom p]
    Slovene:
    jȃgnǝc `lamb' [m jo];
    jȃgnjǝc [m jo];
    ȃgnǝc `lamb' [m jo]
    Indo-European reconstruction: h₂egʷ-n-
    IE meaning: lamb
    Certainty: +
    Page in Pokorny: 9
    Comments: PSl. * agn- < * h₂egʷ-n- (N.B. Winter's law) with the diminutive suffix *- ьcь < *- iko- (cf. -> *àgnę).

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > àgnьcь

  • 34 azьno

    azьno Grammatical information: n. o Proto-Slavic meaning: `goat-skin'
    Page in Trubačev: I 103-104
    Church Slavic:
    jazьno (RuCS) `skin, leather' [n o];
    (j)azno ( SerbCS) `skin, leather' [n o]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: aʔź-ino-
    Lithuanian:
    oženà `goat-skin' [f ā] 3a;
    ožìnis `goat-' [adj io]
    Indo-European reconstruction: h₂eǵ-ino-
    IE meaning: (goat-)skin
    Certainty: +
    Page in Pokorny: 7
    Comments: The Balto-Slavic acute root vowel originates from Winter's law.
    Other cognates:
    Skt. ajína- `(animal) skin' [n]

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > azьno

  • 35 bedrò

    bedrò; bedra Grammatical information: n. o; f. ā Accent paradigm: b Proto-Slavic meaning: `thigh'
    Page in Trubačev: I 175-176, 179-180
    Old Church Slavic:
    bedra `thigh' [f ā]
    Church Slavic:
    bedro ( SerbCS) `thigh' [n o];
    bedra ( SerbCS) `thigh' [f ā]
    Russian:
    bedró `thigh, hip' [n o];
    bedrá (dial.) `thigh' [f ā]
    Old Russian:
    bedra `hip' [f ā]
    Czech:
    bedra `loins, hips' [Nompn o]
    Old Czech:
    bedra `thigh, groin' [f ā]
    Polish:
    biodro `hip' [n o]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    bèdro `thigh' [n o];
    bȅdra `thigh' [f ā];
    Čak. bedrȁ (Vrgada) `thigh' [f ā], bȅdru [Accs]
    Slovene:
    bédrọ `thigh' [n o];
    bédra `thigh' [f ā]
    Bulgarian:
    bedró `thigh' [n o]
    Indo-European reconstruction: bʰedʰ-róm
    Comments: The etymology of this word is unclear. The connection with Ukr. dial. bedrá `large pit, valley, swamp', Pl. ubiedrze `slope, steep bank' and Lith. bẽdrė `swamp, valley', Latv. bedre `pit' (Anikin 1998: 30-31), which derive from *bʰedʰ- `to dig', is semantically unattractive. Pokorny's reconstruction of a root *bed- `to swell' (IEW: 96) is impossible because of Winter's law.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > bedrò

  • 36 bedra

    bedrò; bedra Grammatical information: n. o; f. ā Accent paradigm: b Proto-Slavic meaning: `thigh'
    Page in Trubačev: I 175-176, 179-180
    Old Church Slavic:
    bedra `thigh' [f ā]
    Church Slavic:
    bedro ( SerbCS) `thigh' [n o];
    bedra ( SerbCS) `thigh' [f ā]
    Russian:
    bedró `thigh, hip' [n o];
    bedrá (dial.) `thigh' [f ā]
    Old Russian:
    bedra `hip' [f ā]
    Czech:
    bedra `loins, hips' [Nompn o]
    Old Czech:
    bedra `thigh, groin' [f ā]
    Polish:
    biodro `hip' [n o]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    bèdro `thigh' [n o];
    bȅdra `thigh' [f ā];
    Čak. bedrȁ (Vrgada) `thigh' [f ā], bȅdru [Accs]
    Slovene:
    bédrọ `thigh' [n o];
    bédra `thigh' [f ā]
    Bulgarian:
    bedró `thigh' [n o]
    Indo-European reconstruction: bʰedʰ-róm
    Comments: The etymology of this word is unclear. The connection with Ukr. dial. bedrá `large pit, valley, swamp', Pl. ubiedrze `slope, steep bank' and Lith. bẽdrė `swamp, valley', Latv. bedre `pit' (Anikin 1998: 30-31), which derive from *bʰedʰ- `to dig', is semantically unattractive. Pokorny's reconstruction of a root *bed- `to swell' (IEW: 96) is impossible because of Winter's law.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > bedra

  • 37 bìdlo

    bìdlo Grammatical information: n. o Accent paradigm: a
    Page in Trubačev: II 94-95
    Russian:
    bílo (dial.) `pestle, seat in a sleigh' [n o]
    Old Russian:
    bilo `board which is struck to convoke people to church or to the dining-table, plectrum' [n o]
    Ukrainian:
    býlo `board used instead of a bell in monasteries' [n o]
    Czech:
    bidlo `pole' [n o]
    Old Czech:
    bidlo `rack, support, plectrum' [n o]
    Slovak:
    bidlo `pole, perch, slay' [n o]
    Old Polish:
    bidɫo `squared beam covered with nails in a sleigh' [n o]
    Slovincian:
    bjĩdlo `round bar in a sleigh' [n o]
    Lower Sorbian:
    bidɫo `reed (of a loom)' [n o]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    bȉlo `mountain ridge with spurs, artery, riveting hammer' [n o]
    Slovene:
    bílọ `artery, striking mechanism (of a clock)' [n o]
    Bulgarian:
    bílo `crest of a mountain, mountain ridge' [n o]
    Comments: Derivative in *- dʰlom from the root * bʰiH- `strike' (-> *bìti). AP (a) is in accordance with Hirt's law.
    Other cognates:
    OIr. benaid `strike' [verb], pret. pass. -bíth;
    Lat. perfinēs (Fest.) `you may break' [2sPsSubj].

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > bìdlo

  • 38 blě̑dъ

    blě̑dъ Grammatical information: adj. o Accent paradigm: c Proto-Slavic meaning: `pale'
    Page in Trubačev: II 111-112
    Old Church Slavic:
    blědъ `pale' [adj o]
    Russian:
    bledój (dial.) `pale' [adj o];
    blëdyj (dial.) `pale' [adj o]
    Ukrainian:
    blidýj `pale' [adj o]
    Czech:
    bledý `pale' [adj o]
    Slovak:
    bledý `pale' [adj o]
    Polish:
    blady `pale' [adj o]
    Slovincian:
    bladḯ `pale' [adj o]
    Upper Sorbian:
    blědy `pale, bright' [adj o]
    Lower Sorbian:
    blědy `pale' [adj o]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    blȉjed `pale' [adj o], blijèda [Nomsf];
    Čak. blȋd (Vrgada) `pale' [adj o], blīdȁ [Nomsf], blȋdo [Nomsn];
    Čak. bliȇt (Orbanići) `pale' [adj o], bliedȁ [Nomsf]
    Slovene:
    blẹ̑d `pale' [adj o]
    Bulgarian:
    bled `pale' [adj o]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: bloiʔd-(u̯)ó-
    Lithuanian:
    blaĩvas `whitish, blue, sober' [adj o] 4
    Indo-European reconstruction: bʰloid-(u̯)o-
    Page in Pokorny: 160
    Comments: In view of Winter's law, we would expect to find traces of a glottalic element in Balto-Slavic. The accentuation of Lith. blaivas - the Proto-Slavic form is mobile and therefore inconclusive - offers no evidence for an original acute, however. Pokorny's reconstruction *bhlǝido-s is impossible for Slavic and *bhleh₂ido-s is incompatible with the mobile accentuation of the adjective in Balto-Slavic.
    Other cognates:
    OE blāt `pale' [adj];
    OHG bleizza `pallor' [f]

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > blě̑dъ

  • 39 blě̑skъ

    blě̑skъ Grammatical information: adj. o Accent paradigm: c Proto-Slavic meaning: `brightness'
    Page in Trubačev: II 113-114
    Church Slavic:
    blěskъ (RuCS) `brightness, colour, lightning' [m o]
    Russian:
    blesk `brightness, splendour' [m o]
    Old Russian:
    blěskъ `brightness, colour, lightning' [m o]
    Czech:
    blesk `lightning, brightness' [m o]
    Slovak:
    blesk `lightning, brightness' [m o]
    Polish:
    blask `brightness, shine' [m o]
    Slovincian:
    blȧ̃sk `lightning, brightness' [m o];
    blìe̯sk `lightning, brightness' [m o]
    Upper Sorbian:
    blěsk `lightning, brightness' [m o]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    blȉjesak `glow, glimmer' [m o]
    Slovene:
    blẹ̑sk `brightness, splendour, lightning' [m o]
    Bulgarian:
    bljásăk `brightness' [m o]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: bloisko- \{1\}
    Latvian:
    blaiskums `spot' [m o];
    blaizgums `spot' [m o]
    Indo-European reconstruction: bʰloiǵ-sko-
    Page in Pokorny: 156
    Comments: The preglottalized velar may or may not have been lost before Winter's law. I prefer a Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction without ʔ for reasons mentioned s.v. *blьskъ.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > blě̑skъ

  • 40 blǫ̑dъ

    blǫ̑dъ Grammatical information: m. o Accent paradigm: c Proto-Slavic meaning: `delusion'
    Page in Trubačev: II 126-127
    Old Church Slavic:
    blǫdъ `debauchery, depravity, adultery' [m o]
    Russian:
    blud `lechery, fornication, (dial.) evil spirit that leads the drunk astray' [m o]
    Czech:
    blud `mistake, delusion, insanity' [m o];
    bloud `fool' [m o] \{1\}
    Slovak:
    blud `mistake, delusion, insanity' [m o]
    Polish:
    bɫąd `mistake, delusion' [m o], bɫędu [Gens]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    blȗd `mistake, delusion, lechery, adultery' [m o]
    Slovene:
    blǫ̑d `mistake, delusion, voluptuousness' [m o]
    Bulgarian:
    blud `fornication, adultery, time of unrest' [m o]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: blondos
    Lithuanian:
    blañdas `cloudiness, obscuration of mind or eyesight, drowsiness' [m o];
    blandà `fog' [f ā] 4;
    blandùs `dim, cloudy, thick (soup)' [adj u]
    Latvian:
    bluods `evil spirit that leads one astray, wood-goblin' [m o]
    Page in Pokorny: 157
    Comments: Deverbative o-stem with o-grade in the root of *bʰlend-. Skt. bradhná- (RV+) `pale ruddy, yellowish, bay' [adj], which has been assumed to be cogtyy o- rather belongs together with * bronъ.
    Other cognates:
    OIc. blundr `slumber' [m o]
    Notes:
    \{1\} According to Verweij (1994: 52), the originally long root vowel of Cz. bloud may be a vestige of the accent paradigm to which *blǫdъ belonged prior to the operation of Illič-Svityč's law.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > blǫ̑dъ

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