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61 department
n1) отдел; отделение; подразделение; служба2) департамент; управление; амер. министерство, ведомство
- accounting department
- accounts department
- administrative department
- advice department
- advertising department
- analysis department
- appeals department
- audit department
- auditing department
- auxiliary department
- bank department
- bank trust department
- bespoke department
- billing department
- bond department
- bookkeeping department
- branch department
- business department
- cash department
- certification department
- claims department
- collection department
- common service department
- contract department
- cost department
- coupons paying department
- custody department
- delivery department
- deposit department
- design department
- development department
- discount department
- distribution department
- drafting department
- employees' department
- employment department
- engineering department
- examining department
- examination department
- exchange department
- executive department
- export department
- field service department
- filing department
- finance department
- finance-and-accounts department
- finance-and-economy department
- foreign exchange department
- forwarding department
- functional department
- general accounting department
- general bookkeeping department
- general service department
- goods department
- government department
- indirect department
- information department
- inquiry department
- inspection department
- internal audit department
- inventory department
- labour and wages department
- law department
- leased department
- legal department
- lost and found department
- maintenance department
- manufacturing department
- manufacturing engineering department
- marketing department
- marking department
- materials department
- merchandise development department
- methods and procedures department
- new business department
- nonproductive departments
- operating department
- operational department
- order department
- organization department
- outpatients' department
- packing department
- patent department
- payroll department
- personnel department
- planning department
- preproduction department
- pricing department
- process department
- processing department
- procurement department
- production department
- production control department
- production scheduling and control department
- promotion department
- protocol department
- publication department
- publicity department
- purchasing department
- quality control department
- receiving department
- record department
- requisitioning department
- Revenue Department
- sales department
- sales order department
- savings department
- scheduling department
- securities department
- selling department
- service department
- shipping department
- shop-training department
- staff department
- staff training department
- standards department
- State Department
- statistics department
- stock department
- storage department
- stores department
- subcontractors department
- supply department
- technical department
- thrift department
- traffic department
- training department
- transport department
- transportation department
- trust department
- visa department
- wages department
- work study department
- Department of Agriculture
- Department of Commerce
- Department of Economic Affairs
- Department of Health, Education and Welfare
- Department of Industry
- Department of Justice
- Department of Labor
- Department of Overseas Trade
- Department of State
- Department of the Interior
- Department of the Navy
- Department of the Treasury
- Department of Transportation
- establish a department
- make up a department
- reequip a departmentEnglish-russian dctionary of contemporary Economics > department
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62 Ackermann, Rudolph
[br]b. 20 April 1764 Stolberg, Saxonyd. 30 March 1834 Finchley, London, England[br]German-born fine-art publisher and bookseller, noted for his arrangement of the steering of the front wheels of horse-drawn carriages, which is still used in automobiles today.[br]Ackermann's father was a coachbuilder and harness-maker who in 1775 moved to Schneeberg. Rudolph was educated there and later entered his father's workshop for a short time. He visited Dresden, among other towns in Germany, and was resident in Paris for a short time, but eventually settled in London. For the first ten years of his life there he was employed in making designs for many of the leading coach builders. His steering-gear consisted of an arrangement of the track arms on the stub axles and their connection by the track rod in such a way that the inner wheel moved through a greater angle than the outer one, so giving approximately true rolling of the wheels in cornering. A necessary condition for this is that, in the plan view, the point of intersection of the axes of all the wheels must be at a point which always lies on the projection of the rear axle. In addition, the front wheels are inclined to bring the line of contact of the front wheels under the line of the pivots, about which they turn when cornering. This mechanism was not entirely new, having been proposed for windmill carriages in 1714 by Du Quet, but it was brought into prominence by Ackermann and so has come to bear his name.In 1801 he patented a method of rendering paper, cloth and other materials waterproof and set up a factory in Chelsea for that purpose. He was one of the first private persons to light his business premises with gas. He also devoted some time to a patent for movable carriage axles between 1818 and 1820. In 1805 he was put in charge of the preparation of the funeral car for Lord Nelson.Most of his life and endeavours were devoted to fine-art printing and publishing. He was responsible for the introduction into England of lithography as a fine art: it had first been introduced as a mechanical process in 1801, but was mainly used for copying until Ackermann took it up in 1817, setting up a press and engaging the services of a number of prominent artists, including W.H.Pyne, W.Combe, Pugin and Thomas Rowlandson. In 1819 he published an English translation of J.A.Senefelder's A Complete Course of Lithography, illustrated with lithographic plates from his press. He was much involved in charitable works for widows, children and wounded soldiers after the war of 1814. In 1830 he suffered "an attack of paralysis" which left him unable to continue in business. He died four years later and was buried at St Clement Danes.[br]BibliographyHis fine-art publications are numerous and well known, and include the following:The Microcosm of London University of Oxford University of Cambridge The ThamesFurther ReadingAubrey F.Burstall, "A history of mechanical engineering", Dictionary of National Biography.IMcN -
63 действие
1) General subject: act, acting, action, activity, agency, deed, effect, efficacy, execution (особ. разрушательное), factum, force, impact, influence, move, operation, performance, play, prudery, run, running, shouldering, virtue, work, business, procedure2) Medicine: anastalsis (вяжущих лекарственных средств), intention (в хирургии - процесс или операция), motion (кишечника)3) Military: (машины) activity, (машины) effect, (машины) function, (машины) functioning, (машины) influence, (машины) run, (машины) running4) Engineering: coverage, service coverage, working5) Mathematics: manipulation, op (operation), operation (op), rale, rule6) Law: act of commission (в отличие от бездействия, упущения), affirmative action (в отличие от бездействия), affirmative performance, validity (действие документа)7) Economy: proceeding8) Accounting: event9) Automobile industry: functionment (машины)10) Greek: drama11) Diplomatic term: exercise12) Cinema: business of the stage, stage business13) Psychology: action unit (как единица поведения), behavior, efficiency (причины), praxis, will15) Electronics: attack, phase integral16) Information technology: practice19) Cartography: process20) Geophysics: response21) Business: gesture, reaction, step, intervention23) American English: jurisdiction [as in to fall under a specific jurisdiction]25) leg.N.P. act (as distinguished from "event"), operation (e.g., of a statute)26) Makarov: action (воздействие), action (физическая величина), action (функционирование), agency (агента, представителя и т.п.), effect (воздействие), effect (см.тж. эффект), function (функционирование), impact (воздействие), influence (воздействие), movement, operation (прибора, механизма), operation (функционирование), performance (функционирование), run (машины), run (мотора, машины), (работа] ветра wind action -
64 опытно-конструкторские работы
1) Naval: development activity2) Military: development and engineering, development efforts3) Engineering: development, development engineering, experimental development, design process4) Construction: development activities5) Information technology: development work6) Oil: development effort, development phase7) Business: developmental work8) Quality control: design and development activities9) Cables: experimental development (ОКР)10) Chemical weapons: research and development11) Caspian: engineeringУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > опытно-конструкторские работы
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65 перерабатывать
1) General subject: convert, manufacture, manufacture (сырье), overdrive, overtire, overwork, process, recast, remake, remanufacture, revise, rewrite, work, work over, overtire oneself, reingeneer, work long hours2) Geology: retreat (подвергать повторной обработке)3) Engineering: clear (почтовые отправления), digest, process (подвергать обработке), recover, redesign (проект или конструкцию), reprocess (подвергать повторной обработке), retreat, revise (напр. статью), treat (подвергать обработке), work over (подвергать обработке), work overtime (работать сверх нормы), overhaul10) TV: produce (сценарий, программу ( в том числе адаптировать))12) Jargon: rip off (недобросовестно; произведение), (недобросовестно) rip off (произведение)13) Information technology: crunch16) Polymers: work17) Automation: redevelop (конструкцию)18) leg.N.P. redraft, revise (a draft, such as draft resolution, draft convention, or draft statute)19) Makarov: clear (груз, почтовые отправления), process (подвергать обработке, напр. сырье в полуфабрикат или готовую продукцию), refine (напр. нефть), revise (переделывать, напр. книгу статью), rewrite (о тексте), work (подвергать обработке, напр. сырье в полуфабрикат или готовую продукцию), work overtune (работать сверх нормы), convert into -
66 путь
1) General subject: avenue, blaze (в лесу), channel, door, doorway (к чему-либо), itinerary, journey, line, means, medium, pass (тж. перен.), path, pathway, race, road (к чему-либо), route, trip, way, journey (= развитие / process of development), passage, track2) Computers: pathname3) Biology: tract4) Naval: course line, trail5) Latin: via7) Engineering: distance (расстояние), trace, tracing, trajectory (траектория)9) Rare: (жизненный) zodiac10) Mathematics: approach, fashion, method (of), null-homotopic path, path progression, procedure, process, technique (for)11) Religion: tao12) Railway term: right of-way, platform (the train is arriving at platform 2)14) Australian slang: frog and toad15) Automobile industry: routing17) Bible: wayfaring18) Mining: rail-track, wave path (сейсмической волны)19) Diplomatic term: line of approach (to a problem) (к решению проблемы)21) Physics: trajectory24) Geophysics: distance25) Business: path (в системе ПЕРТ)26) Drilling: course27) Oilfield: path course, trend28) Polymers: mode29) Robots: itinerary (с указанием пунктов и расписания движения)31) Marine science: lane32) General subject: path (передачи мощности)33) Aviation medicine: tract (проводящий)34) Makarov: avenue of approach, curve, haul, haulage, path (светового луча через систему оптического прибора), route (выбранный), runway, tack, track (рельсовый), travel36) SAP.tech. route through a process37) Microsoft: pattern -
67 стандартный
1) General subject: conventional, cut and dried, cut-and-dried, imperial, imperial (об английских мерах), off the shelf, off-the-shelf (о запасных частях), out-of-the-box (an out-of-the-box process might not be the best one for your organization. The more complex your current sales process, the more likely you'll need to customize the default process defined by your vendor), prefabricated, ready-made (о мнении, мысли), stereo, stereotype, straight from central casting, established (согласно стандартной форме - according to the established form), generic, cookie-cutter2) Computers: standardized3) Sports: pat4) Engineering: ordinary5) Mathematics: stereotyped6) Railway term: conventional type7) Economy: customary8) Architecture: repeatable9) Metallurgy: on-gauge, on-gauge (о прокате)10) Polygraphy: imperial (о формате бумаги)11) Information technology: basic (об элементе), basis, common, default, indentation, predefined, preset, uniform12) Oil: exponent of hyperbolic decline curve, indention, normal, normalized, standart, routine13) Business: normative16) Microelectronics: standard-scale17) Network technologies: preassigned19) Programming: production20) Automation: proof (по качеству, стойкости)21) General subject: typical (схема и т.д.)22) Makarov: canned, legal, stereotyped (о сигнале, команде), type23) oil&gas: makeup24) Phraseological unit: common-and-garden -
68 технологическая операция
1) Engineering: pass, process step, processing step, working operation2) Construction: process operation3) Economy: flow of work4) Mechanics: noncritical job5) Business: operation6) Sakhalin energy glossary: trip (ТЭО стр.)7) Microelectronics: process, processing procedure8) Automation: manufacturing operation, production step9) Quality control: technological operation10) Cables: production operation11) Makarov: jobУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > технологическая операция
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69 travail
1. masculine nouna. ( = activité) le travail work• avoir du travail/beaucoup de travail to have some work/a lot of work to do• horaire/vêtements de travail work schedule/clothes• conditions/méthodes/groupe/déjeuner de travail working conditions/methods/group/lunch• à travail égal, salaire égal equal pay for equal work• améliorer la communication, c'est tout un travail ! improving communications is quite a task!• c'est un travail de spécialiste (difficile à faire) it's a job for a specialist ; (bien fait) it's the work of a specialist• travaux de recherche/de construction research/building work• « pendant les travaux, le magasin restera ouvert » "business as usual during alterations"• « attention ! travaux ! » "caution! work in progress!" ; (sur la route) "roadworks ahead!" (Brit) "roadwork ahead!" (US)• avoir un travail intéressant/lucratif to have an interesting/a highly paid job• travail d'équipe or en équipe team workd. ( = façonnage) [de bois, cuir, fer] working2. compounds► un travail de fourmi a long, painstaking job* * *
1.
pl - aux tʀavaj, o nom masculin1) ( contraire de repos) work2) (tâche faite, à faire) job; (ensemble des tâches, besogne) work [U]j'ai un travail fou — I'm up to my eyes in work, I've got a lot of work on
3) ( fait d'exercer un emploi) work; ( emploi rémunéré) work [U], job; ( lieu) work4) Économie, Sociologie (activité, population active) labour [BrE] [U]division du travail — division of labour [BrE]
5) ( résultat d'un fonctionnement) (de machine, d'organe) work [U]6) ( ouvrage érudit) work ( sur on)7) ( façonnage)le travail de — working with ou in [métal, bois, pierre]
apprendre le travail du bois/métal — to learn woodwork/metalwork
8) (technique, exécution) workmanship9) Physique work10) ( action) (d'eau, érosion) action (de of); fig (d'imagination, inconscient) workings (pl) (de of)11) ( altération) ( de vin) fermentation, working; ( de bois) warping12) Médecine ( pendant un accouchement) labour [BrE]
2.
travaux nom masculin pluriel1) ( en chantier) work [U]; ( sur une route) roadworks GB, roadwork [U] UStravaux de construction — construction work [U]
‘fermé pour travaux’ — ( sur une devanture) ‘closed for repairs ou alterations’
‘attention, travaux’ — gén ‘caution, work in progress’; ( sur une route) ‘caution, road under repair’
2) (recherche, études) work [U] ( sur on)3) ( débats) deliberationsles travaux agricoles/de la ferme — agricultural/farm work [U]
travaux de couture — needlework [U]
•Phrasal Verbs:* * *tʀavaj, o travaux pl1. nm1) (= activité, effort) workJ'ai beaucoup de travail. — I've got a lot of work.
C'est un travail épuisant. — It's exhausting work.
se mettre au travail — to start work, to get down to work
outils de travail — working tools, work tools
2) (= tâche spécifique) jobDonne-lui un travail facile. — Give him an easy job.
3) (= emploi, gagne-pain) job, work no plIl a un travail intéressant. — He's got an interesting job.
Il est sans travail depuis un an. — He has been out of work for a year.
4) (= lieu) workAu travail, je m'entends bien avec mes collègues. — I get on well with my colleagues at work.
5) ÉCONOMIE (= ressource, facteur) labour Grande-Bretagne labor USAla législation du travail — labour law, labour legislation
6) MÉDECINE (de l'accouchement) labour Grande-Bretagne labor USA7) (= façonnage)2. travaux nmpl(= chantier) (de réparation, agricoles) work, (sur route) roadworks, [construction] building work, building* * *I.A nm1 ( contraire de repos) work; le travail intellectuel intellectual work; le travail scolaire schoolwork; ça demande des mois de travail it requires months of work; se mettre au travail to get down to work, to start work; être en plein travail to be busy working;2 (tâche faite, à faire) job; (ensemble des tâches, besogne) work ¢; faire un travail to do a job; distribuer le travail to allocate jobs; ce n'est pas mon travail it's not my job; c'est un travail de professionnel ( à faire) it's a job for a professional; ( bien fait) it's a very professional job; c'est un travail d'homme it's man's work; commencer un travail to start a job; mener un travail de recherche to do research work; avoir du travail to have work to do; j'ai un travail fou I'm up to my eyes in work, I've got a lot of work on; les enfants, ça donne du travail, les enfants, c'est du travail children make a lot of work; les gros travaux the heavy work; s'occuper à de petits travaux to do little jobs; faire quelques travaux de jardinage to do a few gardening jobs; (félicitations) c'est du beau travail! aussi iron you've done a great job on that; qu'est-ce que c'est que ce travail? what do you call this?; et voilà le travail! that's that done!;3 ( fait d'exercer un emploi) work; ( emploi rémunéré) work ¢, job; ( lieu) work; ne me téléphone pas à mon travail don't call me at work; chercher du/un travail to look for work/a job; bien content d'avoir du/un travail glad to be in work/to have a job; être sans travail to be out of work; donner du travail à qn ( employer) to give sb a job; reprendre le travail to go back to work; cesser le travail to stop work; aller au travail to go to work; être au travail to be at work; que fais-tu comme travail? what do you do?, what's your job?; il ne fait que son travail he's only doing his job; le travail en usine/de bureau factory/office ou clerical work; le travail temporaire/à mi-temps temporary/part-time work; un travail à mi-temps a part-time job; le travail en équipe team work; le travail en équipes shiftwork; le travail de nuit nightwork; il a un travail de nuit he works nights; le travail indépendant freelance work, self-employment; conditions/semaine de travail working conditions/week; vivre de son travail to work for one's living; ⇒ salaire;4 Écon, Sociol (activité, population active) labourGB ¢; le capital et le travail capital and labourGB; organisation/division du travail organization/division of labourGB; force de travail workforce; entrer dans le monde du travail to enter the world of work; la psychologie du travail industrial psychology;5 ( résultat d'un fonctionnement) (de machine, d'organe) work ¢; le travail du cœur the work done by the heart; le travail musculaire muscular effort, the work done by the muscles;6 ( ouvrage érudit) work (sur on); publier un travail sur la Renaissance to publish a work on the Renaissance;7 ( façonnage) le travail de working with ou in [métal, bois, pierre]; le travail de l'ivoire est difficile working with ou in ivory is difficult; apprendre le travail du bois/métal to learn woodwork/metalwork;8 (technique, exécution) workmanship; un travail superbe a superb piece of workmanship; un coffret d'un beau travail a beautifully made box; une dentelle d'un travail délicat a delicate piece of lacework;10 ( action) (d'eau, érosion) action (de of); fig (d'imagination, inconscient) workings (pl) (de of); le travail du temps the work of time;12 Méd ( pendant accouchement) labourGB; entrer/être en travail to go into/be in labourGB; salle de travail labourGB ward.B travaux nmpl1 ( en chantier) work (sg); ( sur une route) roadworks GB, roadwork ¢ US; travaux de construction/réfection/soutènement construction/renovation/retaining work ¢; travaux de terrassement earthworks; travaux d'aménagement ( de bâtiment) alterations (de to), improvements (de to); ( d'un site) redevelopment ¢ (de of); ( d'une route) roadworks (de on); faire faire des travaux dans sa maison to have work done in one's house; nous sommes en plein travaux we're in the middle of having some work done; ‘fermé pour travaux’ ( sur une devanture) ‘closed for repairs ou alterations’; ‘attention, travaux’ gén ‘caution, work in progress’; ( sur une route) ‘caution, road under repair’;2 (recherche, études) work ¢ (sur on); publier le résultat de ses travaux to publish the results of one's work;3 ( débats) (d'assemblée, de commission) deliberations;4 ( opérations de même nature) les travaux agricoles/de la ferme agricultural/farm work; travaux de couture needlework.travail à la chaîne assembly-line work; travail clandestin work for which no earnings are declared; travail à domicile working at or from home; travail des enfants child labourGB; travail d'intérêt général Jur community service; travail manuel manual work; travail au noir○ gén work for which no earnings are declared; ( exercice d'un second emploi non déclaré) moonlighting; travail aux pièces piece work; travail posté shift work; travail de Romain Herculean task; travail de titan = travail de Romain; travaux d'aiguille needlework ¢; travaux des champs agricultural ou farm work ¢; travaux de dame fancywork ¢; travaux dirigés, TD Univ practical (sg); travaux forcés Jur hard labourGB (sg); fig slave labourGB ¢; travaux manuels Scol handicrafts; travaux ménagers housework ¢; travaux pratiques, TP Scol, Univ practical work ¢; ( en laboratoire) lab work ¢; travaux préparatoires Jur ( pour un texte de loi) preliminary documents; travaux publics, TP ( travail) civil engineering ¢; ( ouvrages) civil engineering works, public works; travaux routiers roadworks GB, roadwork ¢ US.II.I( pluriel travaux) [travaj, o] nom masculinA.[ACTION]1. [occupation]le travail de jour/nuit day/night workje finis le travail à cinq heures I stop ou finish work at fiveun travail de longue haleine a long-term work ou projectle travail posté ou par roulement shift workle travail manuel manual work ou laboura. [occasionnel] undeclared casual work, moonlightingb. [comme pratique généralisée] black economya. [généralement] temporary workb. [dans un bureau] temping2. [tâches imposées] work3. [tâche déterminée] jobfaire un travail de recherche/traduction to do a piece of research/a translationc'est un travail de bagnard ou forçat it's back-breaking work ou a back-breaking jobc'est un travail de Romain ou de Titan it's a colossal job4. [efforts] (hard) workil a encore du travail s'il veut devenir champion he's still got a lot of work to do if he wants to be champion5. [exécution] workon lui a confié les peintures et elle a fait du bon/mauvais travail she was responsible for doing the painting and she made a good/bad job of itje ne retrouve pas une seule disquette, qu'est-ce que c'est que ce travail? I can't find a single floppy disc, what's going on here?6. [façonnage] workingelle est attirée par le travail du bois/de la soie she's interested in working with wood/with silk[responsabilité] jobchercher du ou un travail to be job-hunting, to be looking for a jobsans travail unemployed, jobless, out of work8. [dans le système capitaliste] labour9. [contrainte exercée - par la chaleur, l'érosion] action10. PHYSIOLOGIE [accouchement] labourle travail n'est pas commencé/est commencé the patient has not yet gone/has gone into labour[activité] workréduire le travail du cœur/des reins to lighten the strain on the heart/on the kidneysB.[RÉSULTAT, EFFET]1. [écrit] piece2. [transformation - généralement] work[modification interne - dans le bois] warping ; [ - dans le fromage] maturing ; [ - dans le vin] workingtravaux nom masculin pluriel‘fermé pendant les travaux’ ‘closed for ou during alterations’‘attention, travaux’ ‘caution, work in progress’travaux domestiques ou ménagers houseworka. [généralement] arts and craftsa. [généralement] practical workb. [en laboratoire] lab work2. [d'une commission] work————————au travail locution adverbialese mettre au travail to get down ou to set to workallez, au travail! come on, get to work!————————de travail locution adjectivale1. [horaire, séance] working[vêtement, camarade, permis] work (modificateur)2. [d'accouchement - période] labour (modificateur) ; [ - salle] labour (modificateur), delivery (modificateur)————————du travail locution adjectivale[accident, sociologie, législation] industrial————————en travail adverbeentrer en travail to go into ou to start labourII -
70 test
1. n1) испытание2) контроль, проверка3) анализ, проба
- ability test
- acceptance test
- acid test
- actual-service test
- actual-use test
- adaptability test
- approval tests
- assessment test
- balance test
- certification test
- check test
- commercial tests
- commissioning tests
- comprehensive tests
- consumer risk test
- credit test
- customer-request test
- day-to-day test
- doubling test
- duplicate test
- economy test
- efficiency test
- engineering test
- engineering development test
- engineering evaluation test
- engineering feasibility test
- equipment test
- evaluation test
- experimental test
- exploratory test
- factory test
- field test
- final test
- formal test
- fundamental test
- graphic test
- graphical test
- guarantee test
- in-process test
- inspection test
- material test
- normal service test
- objective test
- odd test
- official test
- one-tailed test
- operating test
- operational test
- operational stability test
- output test
- overall test
- performance test
- preliminary test
- preproduction test
- product test
- production test
- production acceptance test
- production line test
- production reliability test
- proof test
- prototype test
- proving test
- quality test
- random test
- reliability test
- repeat test
- repeated test
- repetition test
- road test
- routine test
- running test
- sample test
- serial test
- service test
- shop test
- standard test
- taking-over test
- technical test
- warranty test
- wearout test
- test of business capacity
- test of independence
- test of infringement
- test of patentability
- test of samples
- test of similarity of goods
- test of validity
- test on model
- test on site
- be under test
- carry out a test
- conduct a test
- delay a test
- fail a test
- make a test
- operate a test
- pass a test
- perform a test
- put off a test
- put to the test
- run a test
- sponsor tests
- start a test
- undergo a test
- witness a test2. vпроводить испытания; проверять; опробовать -
71 Monro, Philip Peter
SUBJECT AREA: Chemical technology[br]b. 27 May 1946 London, England[br]English biologist, inventor of a water-purification process by osmosis.[br]Monro's whole family background is engineering, an interest he did not share. Instead, he preferred biology, an enthusiasm aroused by reading the celebrated Science of Life by H.G. and G.P.Wells and Julian Huxley. Educated at a London comprehensive school, Monro found it necessary to attend evening classes while at school to take his advanced level science examinations. Lacking parental support, he could not pursue a degree course until he was 21 years old, and so he gained valuable practical experience as a research technician. He resumed his studies and took a zoology degree at Portsmouth Polytechnic. He then worked in a range of zoology and medical laboratories, culminating after twelve years as a Senior Experimental Officer at Southampton Medical School. In 1989 he relinquished his post to devote himself fall time to developing his inventions as Managing Director of Hampshire Advisory and Technical Services Ltd (HATS). Also in 1988 he obtained his PhD from Southampton University, in the field of embryology.Monro had meanwhile been demonstrating a talent for invention, mainly in microscopy. His most important invention, however, is of a water-purification system. The idea for it came from Michael Wilson of the Institute of Dental Surgery in London, who evolved a technique for osmotic production of sterile oral rehydration solutions, of particular use in treating infants suffering from diarrhoea in third-world countries. Monro broadened the original concept to include dried food, intravenous solutions and even dried blood. The process uses simple equipment and no external power and works as follows: a dry sugar/salts mixture is sealed in one compartment of a double bag, the common wall of which is a semipermeable membrane. Impure water is placed in the empty compartment and the water transfers across the membrane by the osmotic force of the sugar/salts. As the pores in the membrane exclude all viruses, bacteria and their toxins, a sterile solution is produced.With the help of a research fellowship granted for humanitarian reasons at King Alfred College, Winchester, the invention was developed to functional prototype stage in 1993, with worldwide patent protection. Commercial production was expected to follow, if sufficient financial backing were forthcoming. The process is not intended to replace large installations, but will revolutionize the small-scale production of sterile water in scattered third-world communities and in disaster areas where normal services have been disrupted.HATS was awarded First Prize in the small business category and was overall prize winner in the Toshiba Year of Invention, received a NatWest/BP award for technology and a Prince of Wales Award for Innovation.[br]Bibliography1993, with M.Wilson and W.A.M.Cutting, "Osmotic production of sterile oral rehydration solutions", Tropical Doctor 23:69–72.LRD -
72 разрабатывать
1) General subject: design, develop, devise, elaborate, exploit (копи), exploit (месторождения), exploiter (месторождения), fill in (детали и т. п.), hammer, mature, pony, process, till, work, work out (план), work up, operate, work out (план, проект), prepare, mastermind, spell out2) Geology: chamber (дно скважины), strip5) Construction: labour6) Mathematics: formulate7) Law: frame law9) Mining: exploit (месторождение), win10) Diplomatic term: conceive, exploit (месторождения, копи), shape (план и т.п.)12) Oil: produce (о запасах в месторождениях)14) Patents: set forth15) Business: make16) Drilling: mine17) Sakhalin energy glossary: establish a form18) Automation: plan, draw up (напр. технические условия)19) Quality control: develop (конструкцию), work out (напр. метод)20) Makarov: create, lay ( laid), originate (проект), scheme, set, till (отрасль науки), work out (конструкцию), fill in (напр. детали)21) Taboo: suss22) oil&gas: evolve23) Electrical engineering: develop (новые образцы) -
73 регулирование
1) General subject: adjusting, adjustment, adjustmentism, adjustments, (вид управления) control (управление, цель которого заключается в обеспечении близости текущих значений одной или нескольких координат объекта управления к их заданным значениям. См. Теория управления. Терминология. Вып. 107. М.: Наука,), control, moderation, movement control, regulating, regulation, setting2) Geology: improvement (реки)3) Medicine: monitoring4) Military: correction, regulations5) Engineering: arrangement, impoundment (стока), line-up, modulation, regulating process, set, tuning6) Construction: acceleration control, timing, trueing7) Mathematics: adjustment recursion8) Law: government, handling9) Economy: managing10) Metallurgy: regulation (процесса)11) Information technology: controlling, governing12) Oil: rationing (потребления нефтепродуктов), tracking13) Banking: regulatory treatment14) Mechanic engineering: adjustment gear, adjustment ring15) Ecology: management (живых ресурсов)16) Business: administration, realignment17) Drilling: throttling18) Oil&Gas technology rationing19) EBRD: regulatory activity20) Programming: (автоматическое) control system action (= control action)21) Automation: harmonizing, rigging22) leg.N.P. regulatory activities23) Aviation medicine: conditioning24) Makarov: action (РАНТ; о действиях регулятора), adjustment (РАНТ, РАХ, ОРА; часто, но неточно в значении регулировка), alignment, control (РАНТ, РАХ, ОРА; часто в значении управление), control (часто как синоним управления), control action, control action (РАНТ; часто в значении управление), control system action, ctrl (control), regulation (разновидность управления, целью которого является обеспечение постоянства некоторой физ. величины), regulation (разновидность управления, целью которой является обеспечение постоянства какой-л. величины), regulator operation (разновидность управления, целью которого является обеспечение постоянства некоторой физ. величины), truing25) Energy system: positioning26) Electrical engineering: (автоматическое) regulation -
74 Entwicklung
Entwicklung f 1. COMP development; 2. GEN advancement; evolution (Ertrag); 3. IND development; 4. V&M development (eines Produkts); 5. WIWI development* * *f 1. < Comp> development; 2. < Geschäft> advancement, Ertrag evolution; 3. < Ind> development; 4. <V&M> eines Produkts development; 5. <Vw> development* * *Entwicklung
development, progress, growth, devolution, (Tendenz) trend, tendency;
• noch in der Entwicklung in the shell, in its infancy;
• lang anhaltende Entwicklung secular trend;
• berufliche Entwicklung professional growth, career development;
• betriebliche Entwicklung organization development;
• binnenwirtschaftliche Entwicklung trends in the domestic economy;
• defizitäre Entwicklung trend towards a deficit;
• ungünstige demographische Entwicklung unfavo(u)rable demographic trend;
• exportbedingte Entwicklung export-led growth;
• fortschrittliche Entwicklung march of progress;
• industrielle Entwicklung industry trend;
• kassenmäßige Entwicklung cash position;
• konjunkturelle Entwicklung cyclical (economic) trend, development of business tendencies;
• kundenspezifische Entwicklung custom-made development;
• langfristige Entwicklung long-term development;
• marktbestimmende Entwicklungen governing market trends;
• nachhaltige Entwicklung sustainable development;
• rückläufige Entwicklung recession, (Börse) downward trend;
• schrittweise Entwicklung step-by-step development;
• soziale Entwicklung sozial evolution;
• städtebauliche Entwicklung urban development, town (city, US) planning;
• technische Entwicklung engineering development;
• technologische Entwicklung technological progress, development in technology;
• umweltgerechte Entwicklung environmental development;
• volkswirtschaftliche Entwicklung economic process;
• wirtschaftliche Entwicklung commercial (economic) development, economic growth;
• zollpolitische Entwicklung tariff development;
• zukünftige Entwicklung future trend;
• Entwicklung des Arbeitskräftepotenzials development of human resources;
• Entwicklung des Arbeitsmarktes development of the job market;
• Entwicklung einer aktiven Arbeitsmarktpolitik development of an active labo(u)r market policy;
• Entwicklungen des Bankwesens trends in banking;
• sprunghafte Entwicklung auf dem Börsenmarkt erratic development on the stock market;
• Entwicklung einer freien Bürgergesellschaft development of a free society;
• Entwicklung des Einkommens growth in income;
• Entwicklung der Einlagen development of deposits;
• Entwicklung eines Fonds devolution of a fund;
• unkontrollierte Entwicklung des Fremdenverkehrs uncontrolled tourism development;
• Entwicklung des Geldmarktes tendency of the money market;
• Entwicklung eines Geschäfts growth of a business;
• Entwicklung der Infrastruktur infrastructure development;
• Entwicklung des Internet-Handels development of Internet business;
• ungesunde Entwicklung der Konjunktur unsound trend of the market;
• Entwicklung der Löhne wage development;
• Entwicklung der Preispolitik pricing policy formation;
• Entwicklung eines Produkts im Markt product history;
• rückläufige Entwicklung der Produktivitätsgewinne slowing in productivity gains;
• Entwicklung des ländlichen Raums rural development;
• Entwicklung der europäischen Sozialpolitik development of European social policy;
• industrielle Entwicklung einer Stadt urban economics;
• rapide Entwicklung einer Stadt boom of a town;
• Entwicklung eines Unternehmens company progress;
• Entwicklung von Verarbeitungs- und Vermarktungsstrukturen development of processing and marketing structures;
• Entwicklung neuer Verkaufsmöglichkeiten development selling;
• Entwicklung der Volkswirtschaft economic growth (performance);
• Entwicklung zur Wohngegend residential development;
• Entwicklung des Wohnungsbaus housing development;
• rückwärtige Entwicklung der Zinsgefälle downturn in interest rates;
• Entwicklung der Ereignisse abwarten to wait for the cat to jump;
• sich auf die neue Entwicklung einstellen to adjust to new developments;
• mit der modernen Entwicklung Schritt halten to keep pace with modern invention;
• mit der allgemeinen Entwicklung der Volkswirtschaft nicht Schritt halten to be out of phase with the national economy;
• Entwicklung der öffentlichen Meinung erkennen lassen to mark the trend of public opinion;
• Entwicklung von Anwendungen unterstützen (Computer) to support the development of applications;
• die inflationelle Entwicklung vorantreiben to make inflation worse;
• zukünftige Entwicklungen voraussagen to predict future developments;
• Entwicklung des Wohnungsmarktes vorherbestimmen to take the measure of the housing market. -
75 test
1) тест, испытание, испытания; проверка || испытывать, проводить испытания; проверять2) показатель; стат. критерий, признак- odd test -
76 метод проб и ошибок
1) General subject: cut and try method, trial and error method, trial-and error method, a rule of thumb, hit or miss process2) Engineering: cut-and-test method, cut-and-try method, error method, hit-and-miss method, trail-and-error approach, what-if method3) Mathematics: rule-of-thumb method, trial-and-error method, trial-and-error procedure, trial-and-error process4) Economy: trial-and-error technique, try-and-error method5) Information technology: cut-and-try approach, trial-and-error, trial-and-error approach6) Metrology: hit-or-miss technique, try-and-see technique7) Mechanics: cut-and-dry method8) Business: method of trial and error9) Education: operant conditioning10) Aviation medicine: trial-and-error tear11) Makarov: hit-and-mis methodУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > метод проб и ошибок
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77 оформлять
1) General subject: book (заказы), draw, finalize (соглашение), form, formalize, get up (книгу), legalize, model, mount, package, perfect, shape, get up (книгу), complete, formally establish, issue2) American: finalize (соглашение и т.п.)3) Military: outprocess (напр. исходящие документы)4) Engineering: design, illustrate (издание)6) Law: draw (документ), effect, execute, execute (договор, доверенность, завещание и т.п.), process (документы), evidence7) Economy: decorate, draw up (документ), dress (выставку и т.п.), effect (сделку), execute (документ), issue (гарантию, полис, свидетельство)8) Diplomatic term: effect (сделку и т.п.), execute (договор, доверенность и т.п.), finalize (соглашение, контракт, договор и т.п.), process (визу и т.п.), put into shape11) Business: initiate (официально)12) Sakhalin energy glossary: prepare (correctly prepared invoice), format, document a license (лицензию)13) leg.N.P. perform, solemnize14) Aviation medicine: apparel15) Makarov: form up16) oil&gas: document, validate, sign out (Maintenance checklists are always to be signed out as follows)17) Logistics: accomplish, manifest -
78 перенос
1) General subject: carry forward, carry-over (слова на другую строку или числа в следующий разряд), carrying over, shift, transferal, waftage (по воздуху), hyphenation, syllabification (слова на следующую строку), flow (информации)2) Computers: carry bit3) Geology: portage6) Colloquial: (напр., заранее оговоренной встречи) rain cheque7) Poetry: carrying-over, enjambement, enjambment8) Military: carry over, postponement, redirection, retargeting (удара на другую цель), transfer (огня), transition, transition (огня)9) Engineering: carry digit, folding (на другую строку), hyphenation (слов в системе обработки текста), passage (клеток, вируса), pickup (материала при трении), transit (заряда), transportation, transposition (членов равенства), sum carried over10) Chemistry: junction11) Construction: (параллельный) translation12) Mathematics: break, carry (в следующий разряд при сложении), displacement, drift, transfer, translation, transport, transposing, transposition, bridging13) Law: double use (известного технического решения в другую область техники), removal (дела из одной инстанции в другую), remover, reschedule (a hearing) (слушания)14) Economy: loss carry-back15) Accounting: carry-forward, transcribe16) Linguistics: interference, mapping17) Automobile industry: carrying19) Metallurgy: transport (напр. тепла), transport phenomena (в жидкой фазе)20) Psychology: conveyance21) Information technology: carry, hyphen, hyphenation (автоматический) (части слова на следующую строку с расстановкой знаков переноса), migration, moving about, offsetting, porting (программы), staging (блоков данных между ЗУ разных уровней), standing (блоков данных между ЗУ разных уровней), wraparound, (программного обеспечения) software porting process, (программного обеспечения) software-porting process22) Oil: carryover, conduction, transference24) Cartography: transferring26) Ecology: transmission, travel28) Network technologies: conversion29) EBRD: bringing forward (бухг.)30) Automation: conversion (напр. данных)31) Robots: translation (параллельный), transposition (из одной части уравнения в другую)32) Marine science: redeposit33) Makarov: advection, hyphenation (слова), relocation, transfer (знаний из одной области в другую), transfer (кинетические явления), transfer (напр. изображения с магнитной ленты на киноплёнку), transference of heat, transplantation, transport (кинетические явления), transport (тепла, массы и т.п.), transportation (осадочных пород и т.п.), transposition (членов ур-ния)34) SAP.tech. passing on, transf., transp., transporting35) SAP.fin. taking over, transfer posting -
79 последовательность технологических операций
1) Engineering: process flow, processing sequence2) Economy: production work order3) Electronics: process sequence4) Business: work orderУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > последовательность технологических операций
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80 приём
1) General subject: acceptance, administration, admission, admittance, appointment (у врача), bout, consultation, crush (гостей), device, dodge, dose, draught, engagement, enlistment, enrolment (в члены организации, в школу), entertainment (гостей), expedient, guest-night, intake, levee (гостей), method, movement, procedure, public function (часто public или social function), quarter, receiving (сигналов), receiving line, reception, recipiency, sitting, social, social function (официальный приём гостей), stroke, stroke-oar, surgery (у врача), tack, taking, welcome, welcome (гостя), wingding, audience, (при переговорах по рации) 10-4, ten-four (http://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=10-4), sleight (в борьбе, в самообороне), skill (в комп. играх. - боевой прием), court (светский), gathering (собрание), admitting, ruse, pattern, know-how (some contexts), gimmick, presort2) Aviation: aural reception, over3) Medicine: attendance (у врача), maneuver, practice, (препарата) contact6) Military: modality, (строевой) movement, pickup, reception (пополнений), social gathering8) Agriculture: acceptance (напр. пищи), practice (ы)9) Construction: observation, (рабочий) technique10) Mathematics: mode, stage, step, stratagem, subterfuge11) Railway term: after admission12) Law: technique13) Economy: employment (на работу), enrollment (в члены организации), technics14) Accounting: admission (в товарищество; partnership; Противоположным является withdrawal выход (из товарищества))15) Architecture: way16) Diplomatic term: equivocation, greeting, ploy, reception (гостей, официальных представителей и т.п.), stunt, welcome (гостей)17) Forestry: felling (in shelterwood system)18) Telecommunications: stacking19) Textile: taking-in21) Information technology: accepting, hook, recept, registration23) Sociology: party24) Astronautics: receive25) Geophysics: recording26) Police term: out (сигнал окончания сеанса связи)27) Advertising: enrollment28) Business: guest night29) Network technologies: Receive data (Стандартный аппаратный сигнал RS-232C для переноса данных от одного устройства к другому. Обозначается также Rx или Rxd), hookup30) Polymers: collection (волокна)31) Automation: (технологический) process32) Chemical weapons: charging, loading, techniques33) Makarov: administration (лекарственного средства), admission (в организацию, учебное заведение и т.п.), adoption, approach, dose (лекарственного средства), enrollment (в члены организации, в школу и т.п.), intake (лекарственного средства), maneuver (процедура, манёвр), reception (больных), recipience, social (членов клуба, общества), strategy, twist, whing-ding34) Security: reception (информации; сигналов)
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