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121 κάλαμος
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `reed', often metaph. of objects made of reed, `flute of reed, fishing rod, writing teed' etc. (h. Merc. 47 [cf. Zumbach Neuerungen 5], Pi., IA.); on the botanical meaning Strömberg Theophrastea 100f.Compounds: Several compp., esp. in the botan. terminology (Strömberg Theophrastea 112), z. B. μονο-κάλαμος `with single stalk' (Thphr.), καλαμη-φόρος `with reed' (X. HG 2, 1, 2; v. l. -o-; cf. Schwyzer 526), καλαμη-τόμος `cutting off stalks' (A. R.).Derivatives: καλάμη f. `stalk or straw' (Hom., Hdt., X., Arist.).- Diminut. καλαμίσκος (Ar., medic.), καλάμιον (pap.); καλαμίς f. name of several objects made of reed (hell.; cf. Chantraine Formation 342f.); καλαμία (- εία) `reed' (pap.; collective); καλαμών `id.' (lit. pap.); καλαμάριον `reed-case' (pap.). - καλαμεύς `fisher' (Pankrat. ap. Ath.; cf. Boßhardt Die Nom. auf - ευς 75); also καλαμευτής `id.' (AP; as if from *καλαμεύω, cf. Chantraine 318); καλαμίτης `with κάλαμος etc.' (D.; s. Redard Les noms grecs en - της 81f.). - καλάμινος `made of reed' (IA.), καλαμόεις `of reed' (E. in lyr.), καλαμώδης `full of reed, reed-like' (Arist., Thphr.), καλαμικός `id.' (pap.). - καλαμόω `provide with reed, bind (a bone) with reed' (Gal.) with καλαμωτή `fence of r.' (Eust.,H.); καλαμίζω `blow a reed-flute' (Ath.). - From καλάμη: καλαμαία f. kind of grasshopper (Theoc. 10, 18), καλαμαῖον n. kind of cicade (Paus. Gr., H.) cf. Gil Emerita 25, 315f.; cf. Georgacas Glotta 31, 216), καλαμάομαι `collect grain-stalks, gather ears (of corn) ' (Kratin., LXX, Plu.) with καλάμημα (Thd.).Etymology: Old word for `reed, straw' wit forms in Latin ( culmus), in Germanic, e. g. OHG halm, in Baltic and Slavic, e. g. OPr. salme `straw', Latv. salms, Russ. solóma, Serb. slȁma. All forms except κάλαμος, - μη can go back to IE. *ḱolh₂mo-, ḱolh₂mā-; therefore κάλαμος has been explained from *κόλαμος (cf. ποταμός, πλόκ-αμος), through assimilation; but note on - μος, - μη Porzig Satzinhalte 283f. But the form may have been * klh₂-em-. - From κάλαμος Lat. calamus (s. Ernout-Meillet) like Skt. kaláma- `writing reed', and Arab. qalam \> Osman. kalém \> NGr. καλέμι (Maidhof Glotta 10, 11). - More forms in W.-Hofmann s. culmus, calamus, Vasmer Russ. et. Wb. s. solóma, Pok. 612.Page in Frisk: 1,760-761Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κάλαμος
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122 κάλανδρος
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `kind of lark' (Dionys. Av. 3, 15).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: - Ending like τάρανδ(ρ)ος, Μαίανδρος; origin unknown. - From there Ital. calandro `a lark' (Meyer-Lübke Rom. et. Wb. No 1486). S. also W.-Hofmann s. caliandrum. No doubt either Pre-Greek or a loan from Anatolia.Page in Frisk: 1,761Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κάλανδρος
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123 καλαοίδια
Grammatical information: f.Meaning: ἀγὼν ἐπιτελούμενος Άρτέμιδι παρὰ Λάκωσιν H.Origin: GR [a formation built with Greek elements]X [probably]Etymology: - Acc. to Fraenkel Glotta 4, 35 univerbation of καλεῖν and ἀείδειν. Rather ιο-derivation of καλαὶ ἀοιδαί.Page in Frisk: 1,761Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > καλαοίδια
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124 καλάπους
Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > καλάπους
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125 καλάσιρις
Grammatical information: f.Meaning: An Egyptian garment with tassels or fringe at bottom (Hdt. 2, 81, Cratin. 30; in Demokr. Eph.1 a Persian garment), also worn at the Mysteries in Andania (Messenia) (IG 5: 1, 1390, 17; written. - σηρις); Καλασίριες m. pl. name of a kind of Egyptian soldier (Hdt. 2, 164; after the garment or vice versa?).Compounds: As 2. member in τρυφο-καλάσιρις name of a woman's garment (Ar. Fr. 320, 6; cf. Risch IF 59, 269).Origin: LW [a loanword which is (probably) not of Pre-Greek origin] Egypt.Etymology: - Ëgyptian word without certain etymology; cf. Spiegelberg Zs. f. ägypt. Spr. 43, 87ff. On the notation Schwyzer Glotta 11, 75f. Also Drioto-Vandier, L'Égypte3, 1952, 572f.Page in Frisk: 1,761-762Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > καλάσιρις
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126 κελεύω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `urge, drive on, exhort, command' (Il.).Derivatives: Derivv. also from prefixcompp. (here not esp. noted): κέλευ(σ)μα `exhortation, command' (IA.), also `call of the κελευστής', from where Rom. LW [loanword], e. g. Ital. ciurma, Fr. chiourme `the total of rowers of a ship' (vgl. Kahane Byz.-Neugriech. Jbb. 15, 97), κελευσμός (IA.), κελευσμοσύνη (Hdt.), κέλευσις (Att.) `id.' (on the analogical - σ- in κέλευσμα s. Schwyzer 773 and 761); κελευστής "driver", i. e. `master of the rowers' (Att.; on the meaning Richardson Class. Quart. 37, 55ff.); κελευστικός `exhorting' (Att.). Lengthned ptc.: κελευτιόων, - όωντε (- άων, - άοντε) `driving on' (Ν 125, Μ 265), example uncertain, vgl. Schwyzer 732 w. n. 5.Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: From κέλομαι `drive on, set in movement' with unexplained - ευ-, the same as in κέλευθος `road'? (on the meaning cf. Weg, be-wegen, and Luther Weltansicht und Geistesleben 28f.) and which may also occur in τελευ-τη. Improbable Fraenkel Mélanges Boisacq 1, 367ff.: κελεύω after κέλομαι for *κλεύω to *κλεῦσαι (to κλύω); gainst this Frisk GHÅ 56: 3, 8f.Page in Frisk: 1,816Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κελεύω
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127 κικκαβαῦ
Grammatical information: exclam.Meaning: natural sound of the screech-owl (Ar. Av. 261);Derivatives: κικκάβη `screech-owl' (sch.) and κικκαβάζω `cry as an owl' (Ar. Lys. 761 coni. Dobree for κακκαβάζω, - βίζω). Further κικκάβη (gloss.), κίκυμος, - υβος (H.), κικυμωΐς (Call. Fr. 318), - ωνίς acc. to Latte `id.'; cf. Heubeck Würz. Jb. 1949-50, H. 2, 208ff. Note κικυμωνεῖν δυσβλεπτεῖν H. Further κὶκυμος λαμπτήρ η γλαυκός ὁμοίως καὶ κίκυβος.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Onomatopoetic words, partly with expressive gemination (Schwyzer 315); on the β-suffix Chantraine Formation 261. Cf. κακκάβη and κίκιρρος; s. also κίκκαβος and κύμινδις; also W.-Hofmann s. cucubiō, the sound of the screech-owl. The words κικυβ\/ μος show the Pre-Greek interchange β\/μ; but Fur. 221 rejects κικκαβ\/μη as too late. Also Lat. cicuma `screecht-owl. I have no explanation of the interchange ( κικκ-)αβ\/μ- \/ ( κικ-)υβ\/μ-. The word is clearly Pre-Greek.Page in Frisk: 1,851-852Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κικκαβαῦ
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128 κλᾰω
κλᾰ́ωGrammatical information: v.Meaning: `break, break off'Other forms: ( ἐνι-κλᾶν, κατ-έκλων) Il., aor. κλάσ(σ)αι, pass. κλασθῆναι (Il.), athem. ptc. ἀπο-κλά̄ς (Anacr. 17; cf. below), fut. κλάσω, perf. pass. κέκλασμαι (IA.),Derivatives: κλάσις `breaking' (IA.), κλάσμα `broken piece' (Att.) with κλασμάτιον (Delos IIIa), ἀνα-κλασμός `bending back' (Heliod.), κλάστης ἀμπελουργός H., also ὀστο-κλάστης (Kyran.) a. o., κλαστήριον `knife for clipping the vine' (Delos IIa u. a.); sec. κλαστάζω `clip the vine', metaph. `chastize' (Ar. Eq. 166); on the formation Schwyzer 706. - On κλών, κλωνός m. `sprout' (Att.) with the diminutives κλωνίον, - ίδιον, - άριον, - ίσκος (Thphr., hell. inschr., Gp.), further κλωνίτης `with sprouts' (Hdn.), κλῶναξ = `κλάδος' (H.), κλωνίζω `clip' (Suid.) see on κλάδος; not from *κλα-ών (Schwyzer 521; s. also 487 n. 3). On κλῶμαξ, ἀπόκλωμα below. - With diff. ablaut κλῆμα `twig (of the vine), tendril of the vine', κλῆρος ( κλᾶρος) `lot', κλῶμαξ `heap of stones' (s. vv.), ἀπόκλωμα. ἀπολογία ἐπὶ τὸ χεῖρον H. - Quite doubtful Κλαζομεναί PlN (Anatolia), acc. to Fraenkel KZ 42, 256; 43, 216 "where the waves break" (free imagination).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: The uniform verbale system, is based on κλᾰ(σ)-; it may be the result of simplification. Whether this started from a presens or an aorist cannot be decided because there are no non-Greek cognates; cf. the presentation in Schwyzer 676 a. 752 and in Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 354 (who considers the present κλάω as secondary against κλάσαι). In the isolated ἀπο-κλά̄ς an old athematic form (present or aorist? Schwyzer 676 a. 742) could have been preserved; but an analogical innovation (as after φθᾰ́σαι: φθάς?) cannot be excluded however. For the old passive κλασθῆναι one might think of κλαδ- (Schwyzer 761), but extension of an aorist-stems κλασ- combined with analogy is also possible (Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 404f.). An old s-present *κλά[σ]-ω from IE. *kl̥-s-ō (Brugmann Grundr.2 2: 3, 342, Schwyzer 706) has no support. - The primary verbs of the other languages are completely deviant: Lith. kalù, kálti `forge, hammer' = OCS koljǫ, klati, Russ. kolótь `sting, split, hew' (full grade IE. * kolH-; on the meaning WP. 1, 438 and Vasmer Russ. et. Wb. s. v.); Lith. kuliù, kùlti (zero grade, IE. kl̥H-); Lat. per-cellō `smash' (basis uncertain). Further forms Pok. 545ff., W.-Hofmann s. clādēs. S. also κλαδαρός, κλάδος, κόλος etc. So no IE etym. It cannot comes from IE *klas- as this form cannot be made from IE. So prob. the word is of Pre-Greek origin.Page in Frisk: 1,866-867Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κλᾰω
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