περι-κάμπτω

Grammatical information: v.

Meaning: `bend, bow, curve' (Il., IA.).

Other forms: fut. κάμψω, aor. κάμψαι, pass. καμφθῆναι (A., Th.; v. l. Ι 158), perf. pass. κεκάμφθαι (Hp.),

Compounds: often with prefix, e. g. ἀνα-, κατα-, ἐπι-, περι-, συν-; as 1. member e. g. in καμψί-πους adjunct of Έρινύς (A. Th. 791 [lyr.]), meaning uncertain,

Derivatives: Substant. 1. ( ἀνα-, ἐπι-, περι-, συγ-)καμπή `bow, curvature' (IA.) with κάμπιμος `bent' (E. IT 81, verse end; after πομπή: πόμπιμος, s. Arbenz Die Adj. auf - ιμος 81); ἐπικάμπ-ιος `forming an ἐπικαμπή, bow, bend', milit. a. building techn. expression (Ph. Bel., Plb.). 2. ( ἀνα-, κατα-, ἐπι-, συγ- etc.) κάμψις `bow, curving' (IA.); s. Schwyzer 444 n. 11. 3. καμπτήρ, - ῆρος m. "bender, curver", as milit. and sport-term `bend, turning-point of the racing course' (X., Arist., Herod.) with καμπτήριος (sch.). 4. περικάμπτης `tergiversator' (gloss.). - Adject. 5. καμπύλος `bent, curved' (Il.; after ἀγκύλος, Chantraine Formation 250) with καμπύλη f. `crook' (Ar., Plu.), καμπουλίρ (= καμπυλίς) ἐλαίας εἶδος. Λάκωνες H., καμπυλότης `being curved' (Hp., Arist.), καμπύλλω `curve' (Hp.), also καμπυλεύομαι, καμπυλόομαι (medic.), καμπυλιάζω (Phot., Suid.); poet. lengthening καμπυλόεις (AP; Schwyzer 527). 6. ἐπι-, περι-καμπής `curved', from ἐπι-, περι-κάμπτω (vgl. Chantraine 426f., Strömberg Prefix Studies 101). 7. καμπτικός `flexible' (Arist., Poll.). 8. καμψόν καμπύλον H.; after γαμψός? (cf. Schwyzer 516, Chantraine 434, Stang Symb. Oslo. 23, 46ff.).

Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]

Etymology: This root, which is well represented in Greek, has a verbal stem καμπ- without ablaut, with the primary verbal noun καμπ-ή (with καμπ-ύλος?) and κάμπ-τω with κάμψαι etc., and has in the other languages scattered nominal representatives, partly in metaph. meanings and therefore not always certain: Latv. kampis `curved wood, hook for a kettle', Lith. kam̃pas `corner, side, hidden place', also `curved wood at the collar (of a horse)', with which agree both Lat. campus `field' (prop. `(bow) Biegung, (lower field) Niederung'?) and a German. adj. `mutilated, lame', e. g. Goth. hamfs. "Beside it stands with final -b (cf. on σκαμβός) a Celtic adjective `curved', OIr. camm etc. (\< * cambo-; to which Krahe Beitr. z. Namenforschung 3, 231 connects the brook- and place-name Kobenz \< * Kambantia); cf. further Campona GN in Pannonia). - Further there are in Baltic several words for `curved etc.' with u-vowel, Lith. kum̃pas `curved', Latv. kùmpt `become bent, verschrumpfen' a. o., which may have a reduced vowel-grade, but at the same time have a popular character and therefore can only be added here with reserve." The same applies perhaps even more to a few Skt. words: kumpa- `lame in the hand' (lex.) and, because of the meaning, Skt. kampate `tremble'; cf. Mayrhofer KEWA s.vv." More forms in Pok. 525, W.-Hofmann s. campus, Fraenkel Lit. et. Wb. s. kam̃pas. - From κάμψαι perh. Lat. campsāre `sail around, bend off' (Span. cansar etc., Rice Lang. 19, 154ff.); from καμπή Lat.-Rom. camba, gamba (see Fohalle Mélanges Vendryes 157ff., Kretschmer Glotta 16, 166f.) and Alb. kāmbë `leg, foot' (Mann Lang. 17, 19 and 26, 380); from καμπύλος Osman. kambur `hump, humpy' \> NGr. καβούρης (Maidhof Glotta 10, 10); in Byz. γαμματίζω = κάμπτω, - ομαι Amantos assumes (s. Kretschmer Glotta 16, 179) a noun *γάμμα, *κάμμα. - I have maintained here Frisk's discussion, as it shows clearly how unreliable the material is; it is rather from a substratum language. To this comes that IE would require a form * kh₂mp-, a type that is quite rare. The conclusion can only be that καμπ- is of Pre-Greek origin. - Cf. on γαμψός and γνάμτω, for which I also arrived at this conclusion.

Page in Frisk: 1,774-775

κάμπτω, [tense] fut.

A

κάμψω Il.7.118

, S.OC91: [tense] aor. 1

ἔκαμψα Od.5.453

, Pi.P.2.51, etc.:—[voice] Pass., [tense] fut.

καμφθήσομαι D.Chr.77.33

, Gal.UP2.15: [tense] aor.

ἐκάμφθην A.Pr. 513

, Th.3.58: [tense] pf. inf.

κεκάμφθαι Hp.Art.67

, part.

κεκαμμένος Arist.Metaph. 1016a12

, ([etym.] ἐπι-, συγ-) Hp.Prog.3, X. Eq.7.2. (Cogn. with Lith. ka[mtilde]p-as 'corner', ku[mtilde]p-as 'curved', and prob. Lat. campus):—bend, curve, ὄφρα ἴτυν κάμψῃ that he may bend it into a chariot-rail, Il.4.486 (so metaph.,

κ. νέας ἁψῖδας ἐπῶν Ar.Th.53

): freq. in phrase, γόνυ κ. bend the knee so as to sit down and rest,

φημί μιν ἀσπασίως γόνυ κάμψειν Il.7.118

, cf. 19.72;

ὁ δ' ἄρ' ἄμφω γούνατ' ἔκαμψε Χεῖράς τε στιβαράς Od.5.453

; οὐ κάμπτων γόνυ, i.e. never resting, A.Pr.32; ἄσμενός τἂν.. κάμψειεν γόνυ ib. 398;

ἵζω.. κάμψας γόνυ E.Hec. 1150

; so

κ. κῶλα S.OC19

; then κάμπτειν alone, sit down, rest, ib.85, E.Hec. 1080(lyr.); also γόνυ κ. bend the knee in worship, LXXIs.45.23, etc.:—[voice] Pass., bend oneself, opp. ἐκτείνεσθαι, Pl.Ti. 74b;

ὥσπερ ξύλον καμπτόμενον εὐθύνουσιν Id.Prt. 325d

; ἡ κεκαμμένη (sc. γραμμή ) a bent line, Arist.Metaph.l.c.

II turn or guide a horse or chariot round the turning-post (cf.

καμπτήρ 11

), κάμψαι διαύλου θάτερον κῶλον πάλιν to double the post and return along the second half of the δίαυλος, A.Ag. 344;

κ. δρόμον B. 9.26

; κάμπτοντος ἵππου as the horse was turning, S.El. 744;

κ. περὶ νύσσαν Theoc.24.120

: metaph., κ. βίον to make the last turn in the course of life, S.OC91;

κ. βίου τέλος E.Hipp.87

, El. 956;

ὅταν κάμψῃς καὶ τελευτήσῃς βίον Id.Hel. 1666

; ἑξηκοστὸν ἥλιον κ. Herod.10.1; διὰ λόγου κάμψαι κακά to end evils by reasoning, E.Supp. 748.

2 of seamen, double a headland,

Ἡρακλέας στήλας Hdt.4.42

; τὸ ἀκρωτήριον, τὴν ἄκρην, Id.4.43, 7.122;

ὡς δὲ τὴν ἄκραν κάμπτοντας ἡμᾶς εἶδον Men. 15

, cf. Aeschrio 8.3; Μαλέαν κ. Poet. ap. Str.8.6.20, D.S.13.64, etc.;

κ. περὶ ἄκραν Ar.Ach.96

; κ. κόλπον wind round the bay, Hdt.7.58.

3 abs., πάλιν κ. turn back, E.Ba. 1225, Rh. 234 (lyr.); ἐγγὺς τῶν ἐμῶν κάμπτεις φρενῶν ( κάμπτῃ codd.) thou comest near my meaning, Id.IT 815.

III in Music, κάμπτων με καὶ στρέφων ὅλην διέφθορεν (sc. Phrynis) with his turns and twists, Pherecr.145.15;

κ. καμπήν Ar.Nu. 969

;

κ. ᾠδάς Philostr.VA4.39

.

IV metaph., κάμπτειν τινά bow down, humble, Pi.P.2.51;

ὁ Χρόνος μ' ἔκαμψε Crates Theb.17

:—[voice] Pass., to be bent or bowed down,

πημοναῖσι A.Pr. 239

, 308, cf. 513; κάμπτομαι I submit, Pl.Prt. 320b, etc.;

κάμπτεσθαι καὶ ἕλκεσθαι πρὸς φιλοσοφίαν Id.R. 494e

; πολλὰ κάμπτονται καὶ συγκλῶνται are warped, Id.Tht. 173b: abs., to be moved to pity, Th.3.58 (in full

κ. εἰς ἔλεον Lib.Or. 59.85

).

περι-κάμπτω, umbiegen, um etwas herum; intrans., περικάμψαντες πάλιν, zurückgekehrt

     περικάμπτω

     περι-κάμπτω

    сгибать вокруг

    

(τοὺς ὄζους Arst.)

ἀνακάμπτω fut. ἀνακάμψω; 1 aor. ἀνέκαμψα (s. κάμπτω; Hdt. 2, 8+; LXX; s. Anz 314; New Docs 4, 141f ins [c. 290 B.C.]; TestJob 4:7 σὲ ἐπὶ τὰ ὑπάρχοντα ‘restore you to’ i.e. ‘get you back’ to your possessions; Just., D. 56, 6 [on Gen 18:14] for ἀναστρέψω) intr.

① to go back to a point or area from which an entity has departed, return

ⓐ lit. (Diod S 16, 3, 6; 16, 8, 1 al.; PMagd 8, 10; PEdgar 34 [=Sb 6740], 5 [255/254 B.C.]; Ex 32:27; Philo, Aet. M. 58; cp. 31 [w. πρός and acc.]; Jos., Bell. 2, 116; SibOr 5, 33) μὴ ἀ. πρὸς Ἡρῴδην Mt 2:12. πρὸς ὑμᾶς Ac 18:21. Abs. Hb 11:15.

ⓑ fig. (cp. BGU 896, 6 πάντα τὰ ἐμὰ ἀνακάμψει εἰς τὴν θυγατέρα) of a religious greeting ἐφʼ ὑμᾶς ἀνακάμψει it will return to you Lk 10:6 (ἀ. ἐπί w. acc. as Pla., Phd. 72b; Περὶ ὕψους 36, 4; M. Ant. 4, 16).

② to return to a former way of thinking, turn back again ἀπὸ τ. παραδοθείσης ἐντολῆς 2 Pt 2:21 v.l.—DELG s.v. κάμπτω. M-M.

γόνῠ, τό, gen. γόνατος, [dialect] Ep. and [dialect] Ion. γούνατος (for γόνϝατος) Il.21.591, Hdt.2.80: pl. nom.

A

γούνατα Il.5.176

, Hes.Op. 587, Hdt.1.199, Schwyzer694.7 (Chios, iv B. C.), gen.

γουνάτων Hdt.9.76

, dat.

γούνασι Il.9.455

, Hdt.4.152 (also Pi.I.2.26),

γονάτεσσι Theoc.16.11

, Epigr.Gr. 782 (Halic.); also [dialect] Ep. gen. γουνός (expl. as for γόνυος by Hdn.Gr.2.768, A.D.Synt.342.9) Il.11.547: pl.

γοῦνα 6.511

;

γούνων 1.407

, al.: dat.

γούνεσσι 9.488

, al. (v.l. γούνασσι):—[dialect] Aeol. acc. pl.

γόνα Alc.39.7

(prob.), but γόννα acc. to St.Byz. s.v. Γόννοι, Eust.335.39: gen. pl.

γόνων Alc.Supp.10

:

E has

γουνάτων Hec.752

, 839,

γούνασι Supp.285

(lyr.), Andr.529 (lyr.), but not γουνός ( γοῦν' acc. pl. was read by Sch. in Ph.852): gen. pl. γεύνων, Hsch.:— knee,

γόνυ γουνὸς ἀμείβων Il.11.547

, etc.: freq. of clasping the knees in earnest supplication,

ἥψατο γούνων 1.512

;

ἑλεῖν, λαβεῖν γούνων 21.71

, 1.407, etc.;

τῶν γουνάτων λαβέσθαι Hdt.9.76

; ποτὶ (v.l. περὶ ) or

ἀμφὶ γούνασί τινος χεῖρας βαλεῖν Od.6.310

, 7.142;

περὶ γόνυ χέρας ἱκεσίους ἔβαλον E.Or. 1414

, cf. Ph. 1622, etc.;

τὰ σὰ γούναθ' ἱκάνομαι Il.18.457

, cf. Od.7.147, etc.;

κιχανόμενοι τὰ σὰ γοῦνα ἱκόμεθ' 9.266

;

ἀντίος ἤλυθε γούνων Il.20.463

;

γόνυ σὸν ἀμπίσχειν χερί E.Supp. 165

;

σοῖς προστίθημι γόνασιν ὠλένας Id.Andr. 895

; ἐς γούνατά τινι or

τινος πεσεῖν Hdt.5.86

, S.OC 1607;

ἀμφὶ γόνυ τινὸς πίπτειν E.Hec. 787

; γόνυ τινός or πρὸς γόνυ προσπίπτειν ib. 339, HF79;

γόνασί τινος προσπίπτειν Id.Or. 1332

(but προσπίτνω σε γόνασιν on my knees, S.Ph. 485); πίπτειν πρὸς τὰ γ. τινος, tini, Lys.1.19, D.19.198; also

γούνων λίσσεσθαι Il.9.451

;

ἐλλιτανεύειν Od.10.481

;

γουνάζεσθαι Il.22.345

;

ἄντεσθαι πρὸς τῶν γονάτων E.Med. 710

;

ἱκετεῦσαι πρὸς τ. γ. D.58.70

.

2 of a sitting posture, φημί μιν ἀσπασίως γ. κάμψειν will be glad to bend the knee so as to sit down and rest, Il.7.118, cf. 19.72; but also, bow the knee in submission, ἐμοὶ κάμψει (intr.)

πᾶν γ. LXX Is.45.23

; γ. ὀκλάζειν τινί ib.3 Ki.19.18, v. sub κάμπτω: ἐπὶ γούνασι on one's knees,

ἐπὶ γούνασι πατρός Il.22.500

;

ποτὶ γ. 5.408

;

γούνασιν ἐφέσσεσθαι φίλον υἱόν 9.455

;

σ' ἐπ' ἐμοῖσι.. γούνεσσι καθίσσας 9.488

;

τόν ῥά οἱ.. ἐπὶ γούνασι θῆκεν Od.19.401

;

ἐν τοῖς γόνασί τινος στρέφεσθαι Pl.R. 617b

; πέπλον.. θεῖναι Ἀθηναίης ἐπὶ γούνασιν to lay it on her lap (as an offering), Il.6.92, cf. Schwyzer l.c.: hence metaph., θεῶν ἐν γούνασι κεῖται it rests in the lap of.., Il.17.514, Od.1.267, etc.; but ἐν γούνασιν πίτνοντα Νίκας victorious, Pi.I.2.26.

3 of the knees as the seat of strength,

ἐν δὲ βίην ὤμοισι καὶ ἐν γούνεσσιν ἔθηκε Il.17.569

; of swiftness,

λαιψηρά γ. 22.204

, etc.; γούνατά τινος λύειν disable, kill him, 5.176, etc.;

ὑπὸ γούνατ' ἔλυσεν 11.579

; βλάπτειν γ. τινι, ka/matos d' u(po\ g. e)da/mna, 7.271, 21.52:—[voice] Pass.,

αὐτοῦ λύτο γούνατα 21.114

, etc.

4 metaph., ἐς γόνυ βάλλειν bring down upon the knee, i. e. humble, conquer, Hdt.6.27; ἐς γ. ῥίπτειν, κλίνειν, App.BC3.20,30;

ἐς γ. ἐλθεῖν Procop.Arc.14

, Pers.1.17;

Ἀσία δὲ χθὼν.. ἐπὶ γόνυ κέκλιται A.Pers. 931

(lyr.).

5 prov., ἀπωτέρω ἢ γόνυ κνάμα 'blood is thicker than water', 'charity begins at home', Theoc.16.18;

γ. κνήμης ἔγγιον Arist.EN 1168b8

, Ath.9.383b.

II joint of grasses or plants, Hdt.3.98, X.An.4.5.26, Thphr.HP8.2.4, Porph.Antr.19. (Cf. Skt. jā´nu, Lat. genu, etc.)

καμπή, ἡ, ([etym.] κάμπτω)

A winding, of a river, Hdt.1.185; Εὐβοΐδα κ., of the Euripus, A.Fr.30;

τὰς κ. τῶν Χωρίων Aen.Tact.15.6

;

τόπους καμπὰς ἔχοντας Ael.Tact.35.4

.

2 flexion, bending,

τὰ ἄποδα δυσὶ Χρώμενα προέρχεται καμπαῖς Arist.IA 707b9

, cf. HA 490a31.

3 curved part, HeroSpir.2.16, Sor.2.62.

II turning-post in a racecourse,

περὶ ταῖσι καμπαῖς ἡνίοχοι πεπτωκότες Ar. Pax 905

;

καμπαῖσι δρόμων E.IA 224

(lyr.); εὐλαβηθῆναι περὶ τὴν κ. Pl. Ion 537a: metaph., μῦθον ἐς καμπὴν ἄγε bring a speech to its goal (cf.

καμπτήρ 11

), E.El. 659;

καμπὴν ποιεῖσθαι Pl.Phd. 72b

.

III in Music, turn, sudden change,

εἴ τις κάμψειέν τινα καμπήν Ar.Nu. 969

; ἐξαρμονίους κ. Pherecr. 145.9, cf. ib. 28;

καμπαὶ ᾀσμάτων Philostr.VS2.28

.

2 Rhet., rounding off of a period, Cic.Att.1.14.4(pl.), Demetr.Eloc.10, 17.

IV bend or flexure of a limb, τῶν ὤμων, τῶν ἰσχίων, τῶν δακτύλων, etc., Arist.HA 498a25sqq., cf. Pl.Ti. 74e; of the skull, οὐκ ἔχουσα καμπάς ib. 75c; οὐλὴ καμπῆ ([etym.] -ῇ)

Χιρὸς δεξιᾶς Sammelb.7031.5

(i A.D.).