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21 τομή
A end left after cutting, stump of a tree, ἐπεὶ δὴ πρῶτα τομὴν ἐν ὄρεσσι λέλοιπεν [τὸ σκῆπτρον] Il.1.235; ῥιζῶν τομαί the ends of the roots ( left by cutting away the tree), S.Fr.534.5 (anap.); ὀπὸν.. στάζοντα τομῆς ib.2; δοκοῦ τ. end of a beam, Th.2.76;ἡ τοῦ καλάμου τ. Thphr.HP4.11.7
, cf. Theoc.10.46; λίθοι ἐν τομῇ ἐγγώνιοι stones cut square, Th.1.93 (sed leg. ἐντομῇ) ; σκέψαι τομῇ προσθεῖσα βόστρυχον having fitted the lock to the place from which it was cut, A.Ch. 229 ( σκέψαιτο μὴ cod. M, distinxit Turnebus); πρὸς τὴν τ. μεταστρέφειν to the cut, Pl.Smp. 190e, cf. Arist.HA 532a4.b Ταύροιο τ. prob. = προτομή 1, Arat. 322.2 Math., section, as a circle is the section of a sphere, a conic section of the cone, Arist.Mete. 375b32, Pr. 912a13, cf. App.Anth.4.74 ([place name] Synesius); with or without κοινή, the line in which two planes cut each other, Arist.Metaph. 1060b14, Euc.11.16, Archim. Con.Sph.11, al., Apollon.Perg.Con.1.4, etc.; point of intersection of two lines, Archim.Spir.20, al., Ptol.Alm.3.3, etc.: abstract use, περὶ διωρισμένης τ. On determinate section, name of lost treatise of Apollon.Perg.; τὰ περὶ τὴν τ. the theorems about the section (sc. in extreme and mean ratio), Procl.in Euc.p.67 F.:—in conic sections, τομαὶ ἀντικείμεναι opposite sections, i.e. branches of hyperbola, Apollon.Perg.Con.2.15; συζυγεῖς τ. conjugate sections of hyperbolas, ib.17.3 incision or insection between parts of an insect's body (whence their name of ἔντομα), Arist.PA 682b25.4 ἡ εἰς ἄπειρον τ. infinite divisibility, Epicur.Ep.1p.16U.II cutting, cleaving, ἐν τομᾷ σιδάρου by stroke of iron, S.Tr. 887 (lyr.);πελέκεως τ. E.El. 160
(lyr.);φασγάνου τομαί Id.Or. 1101
; cutting off or down, ; vine-cutting, PCair.Zen. 736.29 (iii B.C.); cutting up,εἰς τ. καὶ προσαγωγὴν χάλικος PPetr.3p.290
(iii B.C.); hewing,λίθων IG12.336.7
, 11, SIG244 ii 58 (Delph., iv B.C.), IG42(1).106i19, al. (Epid., iv B.C.).2 use of the knife in surgery, Hp.VC13; ;οὔτε τ. οὔτε καῦσις Hp.Art.62
;σιδήρου τ. Sor.1.80
: pl., Pi.P.3.53, E.Fr.403.6;τὰς θεραπείας.. διὰ καύσεών τε καὶ τομῶν Pl.Prt. 354a
, cf. Ti. 65b.3 castration, Luc. Philops.2.7 αἱ τ. τῆς γῆς, i.e. canals, Lib. Or.18.232.III severance, separation,τ. καὶ διάκρισις Pl.Ti. 61d
, cf. 80e; of number, division, Id.Lg. 738a; τομὴν ἔχειν ἔν τινι to admit a distinction in.., ib. 944b; χρονικαὶ τ. distinctions of tenses, A.D.Synt.10.18; process of division (sc. μεγέθους), Nicom. Ar.1.2.3 metaph., conciseness or precision in expression, Eun.VSp.461B.4 τ. πράγματος, = decisio, Gloss.IV a cut, wound, Arist.HA 632a18, Aen.Tact.11.14: metaph., wound,πόλις δεδεγμένη τ. Plu.Cor.16
, cf. Per.11.2 caesura in verse, Aristid.Quint.1.24; more generally, break between successive words, Hermog.Id.2.10, Heph.15.2, al., Eust.740.1. -
22 ὑπογραμμός
ὑπογραμμός, ὁ,A writing-copy, pattern, model, outline, LXX 2 Ma. 2.28, 1 Ep.Pet.2.21; ὑ. παιδικοί copy-heads for children, containing all the letters of the alphabet, of which three forms have been preserved by Clem.Al.Strom.5.8.49,48—μάρπτε σφὶγξ κλὼψ ζβυχθηδόν, βέδυ ζὰψ χθὼμ πλῆκτρον σφίγξ, and κναξζβὶ χθύπτης φλεγμὼ δρόψ, which last was wrongly ascribed to Thespis (Fr.4).II outline,σκιὰ καὶ ὑ. Ph.Fr.7
H.;πρὸς ἣν ἕκαστος ἔχει παρασκευὴν τὸν τακτικὸν δεῖ ὑπογραμμὸν τιθέναι τοῦ πλήθους Ael.Tact.8.1
.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ὑπογραμμός
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23 ἀριστερός
Grammatical information: adj.Meaning: `left' (Il.).Derivatives: a plant ἀριστερεών (Plin.) = περιστερεών (reshaped after this form?); s. Strömberg Pflanzennamen 153.251f.; not related to `left'?Origin: GR [a formation built with Greek elements]Etymology: With the contrast marking suffix - τερο-. One mostly assumes connection with ἄρισ-τος. - There are different opinions as to the question which side was favorable and which not; cf. Lat. sinister, OHG winister, aw. vairyastāra- `left' (old euphemism?). Chantr. Gedenkschr. Kretschmer 1, 61-9. J. Cuillandre La droite et la gauche dans les poèmes homériques. Paris 1944. - Differently, Georgacas Glotta 36 (1958) 114f.; to Av. vairyastāra-).Page in Frisk: 1,139-140Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀριστερός
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24 γωρυτός
Grammatical information: m. (f.)Meaning: `quiver, which also was a bow-case' (φ 54).Other forms: Hesychius' χωρυτός will be due to ancient etymology, as appears from Ap. Soph. ( παρὰ τὸ... χωρεῖν). γορυτός H. may be just a mistake.Origin: LW [a loanword which is (probably) not of Pre-Greek origin] Iran.Etymology: Acc. to Benveniste Mélanges Boisacq 1, 42ff. a Scythian LW [loanword] (cf. on τόξον), containing the old word for `cow' (s. βοῦς), iran. Γω- in Γω-βάρης etc., and an unknown second member, perh. to NPers. rūda `intestine'; B. makes of this `cow-hide' and from there something made of leather, but this is not allowed. Cf. Morgenstierne KZ 61, 29f. As another meaning than `cow- hide' seems hardly possible, the first element is prob. not `cow-'. - Lubotsky suggests to me that it may come from *varūtra- `something that protects' (Skt. varūtar-). v- often becomes g- in later Iranian; the pronunciation may already have resembled g(w)- for the Greeks; - va- \> ō is trivial; note that this etym. explains the long u.Page in Frisk: 1,337Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > γωρυτός
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25 ὀργη 1
ὀργη 1.Grammatical information: f.Meaning: `psychical drive, propensity, character, (strong) emotion, passion, wrath' (h. Cer. 205, Hes. Op.304; on the meaning Marg Charakter 13 f., cf. Diller Gnomon 15, 597).Compounds: As 2. member in ἄν-, δύσ-, εὔ-οργος (Cratin., S.), analog. enlarged in ἀν-, δυσ-, εὑ-όργ-ητος (Hp., Gorg., Th.; cf. ἄνο-ος: ἀνό-ητος a.o.) with - ησία f. (Hp., E.), with transference to the σ-stems e.g. περι-οργής (Th.).Derivatives: ὀργ-ίλος `irascible' (Hp., X., D., Arist.) with - ιλότης f. (Arist., Plu.). -- Besides, prob. as denomin., ὀργάω, rarely w. ἐξ- a.o., mostly pres. `to bristle, swell with nourishing liquids and juice' (of the earth and of fruits), `to bristle with, to be full of lust and desire' (of men), `to desire strongly' (IA.) with derivv.: 1. νέ-οργος `freshened' (γῆ, Thphr.; backformation); 2. ἐξόργησις f. `stong desire' (Herm. in Phdr.); 3. ὀργητύς ὀργή H.; 4. ὀργασμός f. `orgasm' (sch. Hp.), after σπασμός a.o. -- Further from ὀργή in the sense of `wrath': 1. ὀργίζομαι `to be angry', also - ίζω `to make angry', not seldom w. prefix, e.g. συν-, δι-, ἐξ-, παρ-, περι-, (Att.) with παροργ-ισμός m., - ισμα n. `provocation, wrath' (LXX, Ep. Eph.); 2. ὀργαίνω `to make, to be wrathful' (S., E.). -- From ὀργάω (if not from ὀργή or an older root-noun, s.bel.) also ὀργάς, - άδος f. `luxuriously fertile (earth, marsh)' (Att.); on the formation Schwyzer 508, Chantraine Form. 351 a. 356.Origin: IE [Indo-European] [1169] *u̯e\/or(H)ǵ- `swell of juice, strength, anger'Etymology: With ὀργή agrees formally exactly Skt. ūrjā́ f. `nourishment, strength' (on the phonetics Schwyzer 363), which however was enlarged from older ū́rj- `id.' (Wack.-Debrunner II: 2, 260f.); the formal identity of ὀργή and ūrjā́ is therefore secondary. Semantically ūrj(ā́) fits much better to ὀργάω, which preserved the original concrete meaning. The same transference to the psychological area as ὀργή shows OIr. ferc f. `rage' (IE *e). WP. 1, 289 w. lit., Pok. 1169, Mayrhofer 1,116, Dehò Ist. Lomb. 91, 372f.; older lit. also in Bq. The Skt. form seems to require *u̯rHg-, but this has not been definitely solved. -- After Specht KZ 59, 80 "first to ἔρδω"; for semantic influence of ἔργον on ὀργή (S. Ant. 355) and ὀργάς etc. Tovar Emer. 10, 228ff.Page in Frisk: 2,411Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ὀργη 1
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26 συστρέφω
+ V 1-14-4-1-4=24 Gn 43,30; JgsB 11,3; 12,4; 2 Sm 15,31; 1 Kgs 16,9A: to tie up, wrap up [τι] Prv 30,4; to turn [τι] Sir 38,29; to gather [τινα] JgsB 12,4; to conspire against[ἐπί τινα] 1 Kgs 16,9; to amass wealth [abs.] Mi 1,7M: to move to and fro Ez 1,13; to whirl around as with a sling Jer 23,19; to form in a compact body (of soldiers) 1 Mc 12,50; to gather [πρός τινα] JgsB 11,3; to conspire 1 Kgs 16,16; to conspire against [ἐπί τινα] 2 Kgs 10,9; to conspire with [μετά τινος] 2 Sm 15,31συνεστρέφετο τὰ ἔντερα αὐτοῦ his bowels contracted, he was overcome with affection Gn 43,30; ἡ συστροφὴ αὐτοῦ, ἣν συνεστράφη the conspiracy in which he was engaged (semit., rendering MT רושׁוק רשׁק רשׁא) 2 Kgs 15,15*Ez 13,20 ὑμεῖς συστρέφετε you tie up-מצררות? אתנה for MT מצדדות אתנה you hunt, cpr. Ez 13,21 andσυστροφήCf. DORIVAL 1994, 357 -
27 προθεσμία
A day appointed beforehand, a fixed or limited time, within which money was to be paid, actions brought, claims made, elections held, etc., and if this period was allowed to expire, no further proceedings were allowed, D.36.25, Aeschin.1.39; ἐὰν ἡ π. ἐξήκῃ is past, IG12.41.9;τριετὴς π. Pl.Lg. 954d
, cf. D.38.27, Paus.4.5.10.2 generally, fixed or appointed time,προθεσμίας οὔσης τῷ κινδύνῳ Lys.7.17
;π. ἀδικημάτων Id.13.83
;μηδεμίαν εἶναι π. τῆς ἐπιλήψεως Pl.Lg. 954e
; , cf.Ep.Gal.4.2, OGI509.21 (Aphrodisias, ii A.D.);οὐκ ἐτήρησε τὴν π. τῆς θεοῦ Supp.Epigr.4.649
(Lydia, ii A.D.); π. φυσικὴ [ νόσου] natural period, Gal.1.289;ἡ π. τῆς καθάρσεως Sor.2.10
, cf. 1.21, al.: pl., τρεῖς τοῦ μηνὸς ἀρχαὶ καὶ π. (Kalends, Nones and Ides) Plu.2.269b;προθεσμίας ὁριζομένους ἑορτάς Luc.Nigr.27
.3 occasion of delay, J.AJ15.5.1.II προθέσμιος, α, ον, Adj. foreappointed, Ἔφεσος, ἡ π. τῶν γάμων (sc. πόλις) Ach. Tat.5.21.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > προθεσμία
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28 συνοράω
A to be able to see, have within the range of one's vision,πυρὰ ἔκαιον καὶ συνεώρων ἀλλήλους X.An.4.1.11
, cf. 5.2.13, Arr.An.5.11.2; θυρεὸν.. οὗ τὴν ἐπιγραφὴν οὐκ ἦν συνιδεῖν the inscription on which it was impossible to make out, Inscr.Délos 1417 A i 23 (ii B.C.);εἵ τις μὴ συνορῴη τὸ γινόμενον ἀλλὰ διὰ τῆς ἀκοῆς μόνον κρίνοι Artemo
ap.Ath.14.637e;συνιδόντες [τὸν στόλον].. ἀνήγοντο Plb.1.23.3
, cf. 1.28.7, 3.66.3, PRein.18.17 (ii B.C.), LXX 2 Ma.15.21, al., Plu.2.940d:—[voice] Pass.,δύνασθαι δεῖ συνορᾶσθαι τὴν ἀρχὴν καὶ τὸ τέλος Arist.Po. 1459b19
.II see, comprehend,ταῦτα πάντα Pl.Lg. 904b
, D.1.28;τὰ πολλαχῇ διεσπαρμένα Pl.Phdr. 265d
, cf. Lg. 965b;πράγματα συνιδεῖν ἱκανός Memn. 3.2
; δεινὴ φύσιν μικρῶν παιδίων συνιδεῖν εὐπρεπῆ clever at picking out or detecting.., D.59.18;νόμοι.. ῥᾴδιοι συνιδεῖν Isoc.12.144
;ἡ τῶν δημοσίων γραμμάτων φυλακὴ.. ἀπέδωκε τῷ δήμῳ, ὁπόταν βούληται, συνιδεῖν τοὺς πάλαι μὲν πονηρούς, ἐκ μεταβολῆς δ' ἀξιοῦντας εἶναι χρηστούς Aeschin.3.75
;οὐδεὶς ἐφ' αὑτοῦ τὰ κακὰ συνορᾷ,.. ἑτέρου δ' ἀσχημονοῦντος ὄψεται Men.631
;ὀρθῶς συνεώρακε τὸ ἀγνόημα Hipparch. 2.3.20
;τὸ πλῆθος τῶν τόνων συνιδεῖν Ptol.Harm.2.9
; συνιδεῖν ἦν τῷ προσέχοντι τὸν νοῦν [ἡ ἀρχὴ] ἰσχυρὰ οὖσα, i.e. one might see that it was.., X.An.1.5.9;εἰ μέλλοι τις τὰ διαφέροντα καθαρίως ἐν [τῇ Ῥωμαίων πολιτείᾳ] συνόψεσθαι Plb.6.3.4
;συνιδὼν.. ἰσχυρὸν ὑπάρχοντα.. τὸν ἀέρα Ph.Bel.77.17
; , cf. 635; μάχην οὗτος οὐ συνορᾷ he doesn't see any contradiction, Arr.Epict.1.5.8, cf. 2.19.1;τὴν κοινότητα συνορᾶν Plu.2.34c
, cf. 950d,977e, Cam.40;ὁ Κάλχας οὐ συνεῖδε τὸν καιρόν Id.2.29c
; τὸ αἴτιον ἐκ τῶν νῦν λεχθέντων ς. Arist.GA 772b11, cf. Plb.1.4.7; freq. in Epicur., Nat.28.11, al.;σ. περὶ τῶν ἀδήλων Ep.1p.5U.
;ἐκ τῶν λέξεων Nat.28.6
; ἐν τοῖς τοιούτοις ἀκροαταῖς οἳ οὐ δύνανται διὰ πολλῶν συνορᾶν οὐδὲ λογίζεσθαι πόρρωθεν cannot see an argument built up from many particulars, Arist.Rh. 1357a4;συνεωρακέναι καὶ λελογίσθαι ὅτι.. D.45.68
;συνορᾶν ὅτι.. Isoc.5.56
, Epicur.Fr.53, Sor.1.46, Plu. 2.698e;ὡς.. Thphr.Sens.36
, Luc.JTr.42;χαλεπὸν συνιδεῖν εἰ.. Isoc.2.7
;σ. ποία πολιτεία ἀρίστη Arist.EN 1181b21
;πότερον.. Id.Ph. 241b32
:—[voice] Pass., οὔπω συνῶπται ἱκανῶς has not yet been sufficiently observed, Id.GA 762a34, cf. HA 580a20;ἐκ τούτου πρῶτον συνοφθῆναι τὴν δύναμιν Thphr.HP9.10.2
.2 pay attention to, see to a thing, ; πρὸς τοὺς χρόνους τῆς ὥρης.. συνορῆν, ὅκως.. ib.4.3 [tense] aor. part. συνιδών, having become aware of, Act.Ap.12.12; συνιδόντες κατέφυγον ib.14.6.III resolve, c. inf., Lyd.Mag.3.26, Cod.Just.1.4.29.8; συνορῶ τέως ἐν ταυτότητι μεῖναι τὰς ῥύσεις I desire that.., POxy.940.2 v A.D.); decide judicially, PMonac.1.20, 6.55, al. (vi A.D.);ἐὰν συνίδῃ δεόμενον τὸ πρᾶγμα ζητήσεως Cod.Just.4.20.15.2
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29 ἀναρχία
ἀναρχ-ία, ἡ,A lack of a leader, ἀναρχίης ἐούσης since there was no commander, Hdt.9.23;οὐκ ἐρεῖτ' ἀ. A.Supp. 906
.II lawlessness, anarchy,δημόθρους ἀναρχία Id.Ag. 883
, cf. Th.6.72;ἀ. καὶ ἀνομία Pl. R. 575a
; opp. ἐλευθερία, 560e;ἀ. καὶ ἀταξία Arist.Pol. 1302b29
; ἀ. δούλων καὶ γυναικῶν their independence, ib. 1319b28.III at Athens, a year during which there was no archon, X.HG2.3.1, Arist.Ath. 13.1.IV not holding office, Arr.Epict.3.20.17.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἀναρχία
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30 ἀργυράγχη
A silver-quinsy, which Demosthenes was said to have, when he abstained from speaking on the plea of quinsy, but really because he was bribed, Demad.Fr.5 S., Plu.Dem.25.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἀργυράγχη
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31 λαμβάνω
Grammatical information: v.Other forms: Aor. λαβεῖν (Il.), redupl. midd. λελα-βέσθαι (δ 388), pass. λαφθῆναι (Ion.), ληφθῆναι (Att.), λημφθῆναι (hell.); fut. λάψομαι (Ion.), λά[μ]ψεται (Alc., Hamm Grammatik 145), λαψῃ̃ 2. sg. (Dor.), λήψομαι (Att.), λήμψομαι (hell.); perf. εἴληφα (Att.), εἴλαφα (Dor.), λελάβηκα (Ion. Dor. Arc., also Att.), midd. εἴλημμαι (Att.), λέλημμαι (trag.), λέλαμμαι, λελάφθαι (Ion.),Derivatives: Very many derivv., many technical words with specific meanings: A. From λαβεῖν: 1. λαβή `grip, point of application etc.' (Alc. [ λάβα], Ion. Att.), of the compp. e. g. συλλαβή `grip, syllable etc.' (A., Att.); λαβίς f. `grip, cramp, tweezers' (hell.) with λαβίδιον (Dsc., Gal.), ἀντι-, κατα-, περι-λαβεύς `handgrip of a shield, peg etc.' (H., medic.; cf. Boßhardt 81), λάβιον `grip' (Str.), ἀπολάβειον `cramp' (Ph. Bel.). 2. - λάβος in compp. as ἐργο-λάβ-ος m. `untertaker' with - έω, - ία (Att., hell.). 3. - λαβής e. g. εὑ-λαβ-ής (: εὑ λαβεῖν) `careful' with - έομαι, - εια (IA.; lit. s. θρησκεύω, also Kerényi Byz.-Neugr. Jbb. 8, 306ff.). 4. ΛhαβΕτος PN (Att. epigr.). - B. From full-grade forms ( λήψομαι, ληφθῆναι): 1. λῆμμα ( ἀνά- λαμβάνω etc.) `taking in, accept' (Att.). 2. λῆψις ( ἀνά- λαμβάνω etc.), hell. λῆμψις `capture, apprehension, attack of a disease' (Hp., Att.), ἀπό-, διά-λαμψις = ἀπό-, διά-ληψις (Mytil., Kyme a. o.). 3. - λη(μ)πτωρ, e. g. συλ-λήπ-τωρ with συλλήπτρ-ια `participant, assistant' (Att.). 4. ἀνα-, κατα-ληπ-τήρ `scoop' resp. `clamp' (hell.), ἀνα- ληπτρ-ίς f. `connection' (Gal.). 5. παρα- λή(μ)π-της `tax-collector' (hell.), προσωπο-λήπ-της `who looks after the person' (NT). 6. ληπτικός ` receptive' (Arist.), further in comp., e. g. ἐπιληπτικός ` epileptic' (: ἐπίληψις, Hp.). 7. συλ-λήβ-δην adv. `taken together' (Thgn., A.). - On λάβρος s. v.; on ἀμφι-λαφής s. λάφυρον.Etymology: From Aegin. λhαβών, Att.ΛhαβΕτος and εἴληφα (and also hom. ἔ-λλαβον) we see IE. sl-; the Hom. present λάζομαι, for which λαμβάνω was an innovation (Schwyzer 699 f.; metr. uneasy? Kuiper Nasalpräs. 156) shows IE. gʷ; basis therefore IE. * slagʷ-. The aspiration in εἴληφα can be secondary (vgl. Schwyzer 772); perhaps another verb for `grasp' (s. λάφυρον) was involved; also some other formes were influenced by it. the zero grade must be secondary, *sl̥h₂- would hav got long ᾱ.Page in Frisk: 2,77-78Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > λαμβάνω
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32 ἄρτος
ἄρτος, ου, ὁ (Hom.+)ⓐ gener. (Did., Gen. 190, 25) Mt 4:4 (Dt 8:3); 14:17, 19; 15:26, 33f; 16:8ff; Mk 6:38, 44, 52 (QQuesnell, The Mind of Mark, ’69); 7:27; 8:4ff, 14 (JManek, NovT 7, ’64, 10–14), 16f; Lk 4:4 (Dt 8:3); 9:13; 11:5; J 6:5, 23, 26; 21:9; 2 Cor 9:10 (Is 55:10). Opp. λίθος Mt 4:3 and Lk 4:3 (Ps.-Clem., Hom. 2, 32 Simon Mag. ἐκ λίθων ἄρτους ποιεῖ); Mt 7:9; Lk 11:11 v.l. W. water (Dt 9:9, 18; Sir 29:21; Hos 2:7) Hs 5, 3, 7. The father of the household opened a meal (s. Billerb. IV 620ff) by taking a loaf of bread, giving thanks, breaking it, and distributing it: λαμβάνειν τὸν ἄ., (κατα)κλάσαι τὸν ἄ. (Jer 16:7) Mt 14:19; 15:36; Mk 6:41; 8:19; Lk 9:16; 24:30; J 6:11; 21:13; Ac 20:11; 27:35. Cp. Lk 24:35; Ac 2:42, 46; 20:7. Usu. taken along on journeys Mk 6:8; Lk 9:3; cp. Mt 16:5, 7; Mk 8:14. W. gen. of price διακοσίων δηναρίων ἄρτοι J 6:7; Mk 6:37. ἄρτοι κρίθινοι (Judg 7:13; 4 Km 4:42) loaves of barley bread J 6:9, 13. The martyr’s body in the fire is compared to baking bread MPol 15:2.—Dalman, Arbeit IV: Brot, Öl u. Wein ’35.ⓑ of a bread-offering ἄρτοι τῆς προθέσεως (Ex 40:23; 1 Km 21:7; 1 Ch 9:32; 23:29; 2 Ch 4:19; cp. 2 Ch 13:11; 2 Macc 10:3; Dssm. B 155f [BS 157]. Cp. OGI 56, 73; UPZ 149, 21 [III B.C.] πρόθεσις τ. ἄρτων in a temple ln. 31) consecrated bread (Billerb. III 719–33) Mt 12:4; Mk 2:26; Lk 6:4; Hb 9:2.—S. πρόθεσις.ⓒ of the bread of the eucharist, which likew. was broken after giving thanks, and then eaten (Orig., C. Cels. 8, 33, 25) Mt 26:26; Mk 14:22; Lk 22:19; perh. Ac 2:42, 46; 20:7; 1 Cor 10:16f (the acc. τὸν ἄρτον vs. 16 is by attraction to the rel. ὅν; cp. Gen 31:16); 11:23, 26ff; D 14:1; IEph 20:2; AcPl Ha 4, 4 (s. κλάω, κατακλάω, εὐχαριστέω 2, εὐχαριστία 3 and Aberciusins. 16.—Diog. L. 8, 35: acc. to Pythagoras the εἷς ἄρτος [1 Cor 10:17] has served as a symbol of the union of the φίλοι from time immemorial to the present. Partaking of the same bread and wine [τ. αὐτὸν ἄρτον, οἶνον] as proof of the most intimate communion: Theodor. Prodr. 8, 400ff H.; Herodas 4, 93f: in the temple of Asclepius those who offer a sacrifice—in this case women—receive consecrated bread called ὑγιίη [ὑγίεια] to eat; Athen. 3, 115a ὑγίεια καλεῖται ἡ διδομένη ἐν ταῖς θυσίαις μᾶζα ἵνα ἀπογεύσωνται=the barley-cake that is given everyone to taste at the sacrifices is called Health; Anecd. Gr. 313, 13).—PdeBoer, Divine Bread, Studies in the Rel. of Anc. Israel, ’72, 27–36. S. καλάσις 2.② any kind of food or nourishment, food gener. (since bread is the most important food; cp. לֶחֶם e.g. Is 65:25; Am 8:11; 4 [6] Esdr [POxy 1010]) περισσεύεσθαι ἄρτων have more than enough bread, i.e. plenty to eat Lk 15:17 (cp. Pr 20:13). διαθρύπτειν πεινῶσι τὸν ἄ. break bread for the hungry, i.e. give them someth. to eat B 3:3, cp. 5 (Is 58:7, 10). Hence ἄ. ἐσθίειν eat, dine, eat a meal (Gen 37:25; 2 Km 12:20; Eccl 9:7; Orig., C. Cels 7, 28, 43; cp. Did., Gen. 190, 12) Mt 15:2; Mk 3:20; 7:2, 5; Lk 14:1. δωρεὰν ἄ. φαγεῖν παρά τινος eat someone’s bread without paying 2 Th 3:8. Opp. τὸν ἑαυτοῦ ἄρτον ἐσθίειν vs. 12. Of an ascetic way of life μὴ ἐσθίων ἄρτον μήτε πίνων οἶνον neither eating bread nor drinking wine, i.e. fasting Lk 7:33 (cp. 1 Esdr 9:2). On ἄ. ἐπιούσιος Mt 6:11; Lk 11:3; D 8:2 s. ἐπιούσιος.—τρώγειν τινὸς τὸν ἄ. be the guest of someone J 13:18 (cp. Ps 40:10). Since according to a concept widespread among Israelites and gentiles, eternal bliss was to be enjoyed in the form of a banquet, φαγεῖν ἄ. ἐν τῇ βασιλείᾳ τοῦ θεοῦ=share eternal bliss, or salvation Lk 14:15.—In J ἄ. ἐκ τ. οὐρανοῦ (after Ps 77:24; cp. Ex 16:4; 2 Esdr 19:15; Ps 104:40; Wsd 16:20; SibOr Fgm. 3, 49) is Christ and his body in the Eucharist J 6:31ff, 41, 50, 58 or simply Christ himself. For this ἄ. τῆς ζωῆς (JosAs 8:5; 15:4) vs. 35, 48; ὁ ἄ. ὁ ζῶν vs. 51. Sim. ἄ. τ. θεοῦ IEph 5:2; IRo 7:3; ἄ. τ. Χριστοῦ 4:1.—BGärtner, J 6 and the Jewish Passover: ConNeot 17, ’59; GVermes, MBlack Festschr., ’69, 256–63.③ means of support, support, livelihood τὸν ἄ. λαμβάνειν take his bread (i.e. support) D 11:6 (difft. Orig., C. Cels. 2, 68, 20: ‘take bread [from someone’s hand]’).④ reward for labor, reward, proceeds λαμβάνειν τὸν ἄ. τοῦ ἔργου receive the reward of (one’s) labor 1 Cl 34:1.—EBattaglia, ‘Artos’, il lessico della panificazione nei paperi greci ’89.—B. 357. DELG. EDNT. M-M. TW. -
33 ἐπισκιάζω
ἐπισκιάζω fut. 3 sg. ἐπισκιάσει Ps 90:4; 1 aor. ἐπεσκίασα (σκιάζω ‘overshadow, darken’, s. σκιά; Hdt. et al.; Philo, Deus Imm. 3 and oft.; LXX; Just. A I, 33, 6; Ath. 30, 2)① to cause a darkened effect by interposing someth. between a source of light and an object, overshadow, cast a shadow (Aristot., Gen. An. 5, 1; Theophr., C. Pl. 2, 18, 3) τινί upon someone (Theophr., De Sens. 79) ἵνα κἂν ἡ σκιὰ ἐπισκιάσῃ τινὶ αὐτῶν that at least his shadow might fall on one of them Ac 5:15.② to cause a darkening, cover (Hdt. 1, 209 τῇ πτέρυγι τὴν Ἀσίην; Aelian, VH 3, 3) w. acc. of pers., mostly used in our lit. for ref. to divine activity such as a cloud that indicates the presence of God (cp. Ex 40:35; OdesSol 35, 1) Mt 17:5; Lk 9:34. W. dat. (Ps 90:4) Mk 9:7. W. acc. of thing ἦν νεφέλη σκοτεινὴ ἐπισκιάζουσα τὸ σπήλαιον a dark cloud was hovering over the cave (in which Jesus was born) GJs 19:2. This perspective is present in the account of Mary’s unique conception δύναμις ὑψίστου ἐπισκιάσει σοι Lk 1:35 (for the imagery of overshadowing involving the divine and the human cp. Philo, Rer. Div. Her. 265 M 511, De Somniis 1, 119 M 638, s. Leisegang [below] 25f; but against L’s suggestion of polytheistic content s. RBrown, The Birth of the Messiah ’77, 290); GJs 11:3; but Just., A I, 33, 4, D. 100, 5 αὐτήν. S. on this passage JHehn, BZ 14, 1917, 147–52; AAllgeier, ibid. 338ff, Byz.-Neugriech. Jahrb. 1, 1920, 131–41, Histor. Jahrbuch 45, 1925, 1ff; HLeisegang, Pneuma Hagion 1922, 24ff; ENorden, D. Geburt des Kindes 1924, 92–99; LRadermacher: PKretschmer Festschr. 1926, 163ff; AFridrichsen, SymbOsl 6, 1928, 33–36; MDibelius, Jungfrauensohn u. Krippenkind: SBHeidAk. 1931/32, 4. Abh. ’32, 23f; 41; HvBaer, D. Hl. Geist in d. Lkschriften 1926, 124ff; KBornhäuser, D. Geburts-u. Kindheitsgesch. Jesu 1930, 81ff; SLösch, Deitas Iesu u. antike Apotheose ’33, 101; RBrown, The Birth of the Messiah ’77, 290f, 292–309.—DELG s.v. σκιά. M-M. EDNT. TW. Sv. -
34 Έλλαν
Ἕλλᾱν, Ἕλληfem acc sg (doric aeolic)Ἕλλᾱν, Ἕλληνthe Thessalian tribe of which Hellen was the reputed chief: masc /fem nom /voc sg (doric aeolic) -
35 Ἕλλαν
Ἕλλᾱν, Ἕλληfem acc sg (doric aeolic)Ἕλλᾱν, Ἕλληνthe Thessalian tribe of which Hellen was the reputed chief: masc /fem nom /voc sg (doric aeolic) -
36 Έλλανα
Ἕλλᾱνα, Ἕλληνthe Thessalian tribe of which Hellen was the reputed chief: masc /fem acc sg (doric aeolic) -
37 Ἕλλανα
Ἕλλᾱνα, Ἕλληνthe Thessalian tribe of which Hellen was the reputed chief: masc /fem acc sg (doric aeolic) -
38 Έλλανας
Ἕλλᾱνας, Ἕλληνthe Thessalian tribe of which Hellen was the reputed chief: masc /fem acc pl (doric aeolic) -
39 Ἕλλανας
Ἕλλᾱνας, Ἕλληνthe Thessalian tribe of which Hellen was the reputed chief: masc /fem acc pl (doric aeolic) -
40 Έλλανες
Ἕλλᾱνες, Ἕλληνthe Thessalian tribe of which Hellen was the reputed chief: masc /fem nom /voc pl (doric aeolic)
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