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21 expect
transitive verb1) erwartenexpect somebody to do something — damit rechnen, dass jemand etwas tut
don't expect me to help you out — von mir hast du keine Hilfe zu erwarten
it is expected that... — man erwartet, dass...
that was [not] to be expected — das war [auch nicht] zu erwarten
be expecting a baby/child — ein Baby/Kind erwarten
expect somebody to do something — von jemandem erwarten, dass er etwas tut
expect something from or of somebody — etwas von jemandem erwarten
I expect it was/he did — etc. das glaube ich gern
* * *[ik'spekt]1) (to think of as likely to happen or come: I'm expecting a letter today; We expect her on tomorrow's train.) erwarten2) (to think or believe (that something will happen): He expects to be home tomorrow; I expect that he will go; `Will she go too?' `I expect so' / `I don't expect so' / `I expect not.') 'rechnen auf3) (to require: They expect high wages for their professional work; You are expected to tidy your own room.) erwarten4) (to suppose or assume: I expect (that) you're tired.) annehmen•- academic.ru/25727/expectancy">expectancy- expectant
- expectantly
- expectation* * *ex·pect[ɪkˈspekt, ek-]vt1. (anticipate)▪ to \expect sb/sth jdn/etw erwarten, mit jdm/etw rechnenas was to be \expected, grandma was fine wie erwartet ging es Oma gutthat was to be \expected das war zu erwarten, damit musste man rechnenI \expected as much damit habe ich gerechnet, ich habe nichts anderes erwartetwe were half \expecting you to not come back wir haben Sie eigentlich schon nicht mehr zurückerwartetit is to be \expected that... man kann davon ausgehen [o damit rechnen], dass...▪ to \expect to do sth damit rechnen, etw zu tun2. (demand)I \expected better of you than that von dir habe ich mir eigentlich mehr erhofftwhat can you \expect at that price! für den Preis kann man das nicht erwarten!▪ to \expect sb to do sth erwarten, dass jd etw tutborrowers are \expected to return their books on time Entleiher müssen ihre Bücher rechtzeitig zurückgeben▪ to \expect sth etw glauben [o denken]don't you think? — I \expect so/not glaubst du? — ich denke schon/nicht▪ to \expect [that]... glauben [o annehmen], [dass]...I \expect you'd like a rest Sie möchten sich sicher ausruhen4. (wait for)▪ to \expect sb/sth jdn/etw erwartenis someone \expecting you? werden Sie erwartet?to be \expecting a baby ein Kind erwarten▪ to \expect sb/sth to do sth erwarten, dass jd/etw etw tutwe \expected the letter to arrive yesterday wir haben den Brief für gestern erwartetso, we may \expect to see you next Thursday wir dürfen Sie also am nächsten Donnerstag erwarten5.* * *[ɪk'spekt]1. vt1) (= anticipate) erwarten; esp sth bad rechnen mitthat was to be expected — das war zu erwarten, damit war zu rechnen
I know what to expect — ich weiß, was mich erwartet
to expect the worst — mit dem Schlimmsten rechnen
I expected as much — das habe ich erwartet, damit habe ich gerechnet
he failed as (we had) expected — er fiel, wie erwartet, durch
he got first prize as was to be expected — wie erwartet, bekam er den ersten Preis
to expect to do sth — erwarten or damit rechnen, etw zu tun
he expects to be elected —
it is expected that... — es wird erwartet, dass..., man rechnet damit, dass...
it is hardly to be expected that... — es ist kaum zu erwarten or damit zu rechnen, dass...
the talks are expected to last two days — die Gespräche sollen zwei Tage dauern
she is expected to resign tomorrow —
I was expecting him to come — ich habe eigentlich erwartet, dass er kommt
you can't expect me to agree to that! — Sie erwarten doch wohl nicht, dass ich dem zustimme!
at that price, what did you expect? — was hast du denn zu dem or für den Preis erwartet?
2) (= suppose) denken, glaubenwill they be on time? – yes, I expect so/no, I expect not — kommen sie pünktlich? – ja, ich glaube schon or ich denke doch/nein, ich glaube nicht
this work is very tiring – yes, I expect it is — diese Arbeit ist sehr anstrengend – (ja,) das glaube ich
I expect it will rain — höchstwahrscheinlich wird es regnen, es wird wohl regnen
I expect you'd like a drink — Sie möchten sicher etwas trinken, ich nehme an, Sie möchten etwas trinken
I expect he turned it down — er hat wohl abgelehnt, ich nehme an, er hat abgelehnt
well, I expect he's right — er wird schon recht haben
well, I expect it's all for the best — das ist wohl nur gut so
I expect it was your father who phoned — ich nehme an, es war dein Vater, der angerufen hat
3)(= demand)
to expect sth of or from sb — etw von jdm erwartento expect sb to do sth — erwarten, dass jd etw tut
4) (= await) person, thing, action, baby erwartenwe'll expect you when we see you (inf) — wenn ihr kommt, dann kommt ihr
you'll have to expect me when you see me (inf) — wenn ich da bin, bin ich da! (inf)
2. vishe's expecting — sie ist in anderen Umständen, sie bekommt or erwartet ein Kind
* * *expect [ıkˈspekt]A v/t2. etwas erwarten:a) hoffen:I expect you to come ich erwarte (von dir), dass du kommstb) etwas gewärtigen:the total number is expected to rise to 400 es wird damit gerechnet, dass sich die Gesamtzahl auf 400 erhöht;c) vorhersehen, einer Sache entgegensehend) rechnen auf (akk), verlangen:that is not expected of you das wird nicht von dir erwartet oder verlangte) oft neg gefasst sein auf (akk):that dass)B v/i* * *transitive verb1) erwartenexpect to do something — damit rechnen, etwas zu tun
expect somebody to do something — damit rechnen, dass jemand etwas tut
I expect you'd like something to eat — ich nehme an, dass du gern etwas essen möchtest
it is expected that... — man erwartet, dass...
that was [not] to be expected — das war [auch nicht] zu erwarten
be expecting a baby/child — ein Baby/Kind erwarten
expect somebody to do something — von jemandem erwarten, dass er etwas tut
expect something from or of somebody — etwas von jemandem erwarten
2) (coll.): (think, suppose) glaubenI expect it was/he did — etc. das glaube ich gern
* * *(of, from) v.erwarten (von) v. v.annehmen v.entgegensehen v.voraussetzen v. -
22 caso
Del verbo casar: ( conjugate casar) \ \
caso es: \ \1ª persona singular (yo) presente indicativo
casó es: \ \3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) pretérito indicativoMultiple Entries: casar caso
casar ( conjugate casar) verbo transitivo [cura/juez] to marry verbo intransitivo [ piezas] to fit together; [ cuentas] to match, tally caso con algo to go well with sth casarse verbo pronominal to get married; se casó con un abogado she married a lawyer; casose en segundas nupcias to marry again, to remarry
caso sustantivo masculino 1 (situación, coyuntura) case; yo en tu caso … if I were you …; en último caso if it comes to it, if the worst comes to the worst; en el mejor de los casos at (the very) best; en el peor de los casos te multarán the worst they can do is fine you; eso no venía al caso that had nothing to do with what we were talking about; pongamos por caso que … let's assume that …; en caso de incendio in case of fire; en caso contrario otherwise; en cualquier caso in any case; en tal caso in that case, in such a case (frml); en todo caso dijo que llamaría in any case she said she'd ring; llegado el caso if it comes to it; según el caso as appropriate; no hay/hubo caso (AmL fam) it is no good o no use/it was no good o no use 2 (Der, Med) case;◊ ser un caso perdido (fam) to be a hopeless case (colloq)3 ( atención): hacerle caso a algn to pay attention to sb, take notice of sb; hacer caso de algo to pay attention to sth, to take notice of sth;
casar
I verbo transitivo (unir en matrimonio) to marry (dar en matrimonio) to marry (off): casó muy bien a sus dos hijos, she successfully married off her two sons
II verbo intransitivo (encajar) to match, go o fit together: las cuentas no le casan, he can't make the figures balance, figurado things don't seem to be right to him
caso sustantivo masculino
1 (suceso) case
2 Med case
3 Jur affair
4 (circunstancia, situación) yo en tu caso no iría, if I were you, I wouldn't go
el caso es que..., the fact o thing is that...
(en) caso contrario, otherwise
en el mejor/peor de los casos, at best/worst
en ese/tal caso, in that case Locuciones: hacer caso a o de alguien, to pay attention to sb
hacer caso omiso de, to take no notice of: intenté convencerle, pero no me hizo ni caso, I tried to convince him but he just ignored me
no venir al caso, to be beside the point
poner por caso, to suppose: pongamos por caso que no viene, let's say he doesn't come
ser un caso perdido, to be a hopeless case
en caso de que, if
en caso de necesidad, if need be
en todo caso, in any case
en último caso, as a last resort
ni caso, don't pay attention ' caso' also found in these entries: Spanish: amargada - amargado - aparte - callar - casar - casarse - ceñirse - comisionar - como - concreta - concreto - correo - emergencia - eximente - genuina - genuino - hecha - hecho - hipócrita - histórica - histórico - igualmente - lengua - nocturnidad - nupcias - omisa - omiso - prescindir - referencia - señor - sobreseer - viaje - voto - a - acaso - aislado - cerrar - clásico - conveniencia - cuyo - desde - ejemplo - entretelones - estudio - evento - examinar - excepcional - extremo - fumar - ignorar English: act - affair - agree - always - anyhow - arbitration - argue - attention - beneath - blatant - borderline - brush aside - brushoff - but - case - chronic - circumstance - clear up - clear-cut - client - deploy - dismiss - disregard - do - doubt - emergency - event - fall back on - go before - head - hear - hearing - heedless - heedlessly - here - history - ignore - implication - instance - lady - make out - medical - necessity - notice - occur - open-and-shut - override - pass - point - prejudice -
23 think
Ɵiŋk
1. past tense, past participle - thought; verb1) ((often with about) to have or form ideas in one's mind: Can babies think?; I was thinking about my mother.) pensar2) (to have or form opinions in one's mind; to believe: He thinks (that) the world is flat; What do you think of his poem?; What do you think about his suggestion?; He thought me very stupid.) pensar, creer3) (to intend or plan (to do something), usually without making a final decision: I must think what to do; I was thinking of/about going to London next week.) pensar4) (to imagine or expect: I never thought to see you again; Little did he think that I would be there as well.) pensar, imaginar, esperarse
2. noun(the act of thinking: Go and have a think about it.) reflexión, pensamiento, (have a think: pensar/meditar algo)- thinker- - thought-out
- think better of
- think highly
- well
- badly of
- think little of / not think much of
- think of
- think out
- think over
- think twice
- think up
- think the world of
think vb1. pensarwhat were you thinking of? ¿en qué estabas pensando?2. creerdo you think they'll come? ¿crees que vendrán?I don't think so no creo / creo que no3. pensar / opinarwhat do you think of my new jacket? ¿qué piensas de mi nueva chaqueta?tr[ɵɪŋk]1 (use mind) pensar■ nowadays, young people think differently hoy en día, los jóvenes piensan de otra manera■ it makes you think da que pensar, te hace pensar2 (have in mind, consider) pensar■ what are you thinking about? ¿en qué piensas?■ come to think of it,... ahora que lo pienso,...■ what were you thinking of? ¿en qué estabas pensando?3 (intend, plan) pensar4 (come to mind) ocurrírsele a uno5 (remember) acordarse (of, de), recordar6 (have an opinion) pensar (of, de), opinar (of, de)■ what do you think of the government? ¿qué opinas del gobierno?■ what did you think of the film? ¿qué te pareció la película?■ well, what do you think? ¿bueno, qué te parece?7 (imagine) imaginarse, pensar■ just think of it! ¡fíjate!, ¡imagínate!1 (reflect, ponder) pensar■ just think how lucky you are! ¡piensa en la suerte que tienes!2 (imagine, suppose) pensar, imaginarse, creer■ who would have thought it? ¿quién se lo hubiera imaginado?■ anyone would think that... cualquiera diría que...■ that's what you think! ¡eso es lo que tú te crees!3 (expect) pensar, esperar4 (believe) creer■ do you think they'll come? ¿crees que vendrán?■ I thought it started at 8.00 creía que empezaba a las ocho■ who do you think you are? ¿quién te crees que eres?5 (remember) recordar, acordarse de6 (have an opinion) pensar, opinar\SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALLthink nothing of it! ¡no tiene importancia!to have a think about something pensar algoto think a lot of somebody estimar mucho a alguien, apreciar a alguiento think aloud / think out loud pensar en voz altato think better of doing something repensarse algo, pensarse algo mejorto think big tener grandes proyectos, ser ambicioso,-ato think highly of somebody tener un buen concepto de alguien, tener muy buena opinión de alguiento think nothing of doing something hacer algo tan tranquilo,-ato think on one's feet improvisarto think the best of somebody pensar bien de alguiento think the worst of somebody pensar mal de alguiento think twice about doing something pensar algo dos veces antes de hacerlowithout thinking sin pensaryou've got another think coming estás muy equivocado,-a, lo tienes claro1) : pensarI thought to return early: pensaba regresar temprano2) believe: pensar, creer, opinar3) ponder: pensar, reflexionar4) conceive: ocurrirse, concebirwe've thought up a plan: se nos ha ocurrido un planthink vi1) reason: pensar, razonar2) consider: pensar, considerarthink of your family first: primero piensa en tu familiav.(§ p.,p.p.: thought) = creer (Pensar) v.• meditar v.• opinar v.• pensar v.• reflexionar v.
I
1. θɪŋk(past & past p thought) intransitive verb1) ( use one's mind) pensar*think hard/carefully — piénsalo mucho/bien
it makes you think, doesn't it? — da qué pensar or te hace pensar ¿no?
to think for oneself — pensar* por sí mismo
to think ABOUT something — pensar* en algo; ( consider) pensar* algo
I'll have to think about it — tendré que pensarlo, (me) lo tendré que pensar
to think OF something/somebody — pensar* en algo/alguien
come to think of it... — ahora que lo pienso...
to think better of something: I was going to ask her but thought better of it se lo iba a preguntar pero recapacité y cambié de idea; to think twice — pensarlo* dos veces
2) (intend, plan)to think OF -ING — pensar* + inf
what are you thinking of doing tonight? — ¿qué piensas hacer esta noche?, ¿qué tienes planeado hacer esta noche?
3)a) (find, come up with)to think OF something: can you think of anything better? ¿se te ocurre algo mejor?; I couldn't think of anything to say — no se me ocurrió qué decir
b) ( remember)to think OF something — acordarse* de algo
4) ( have opinion)to think highly of somebody — tener* muy buena opinión de alguien, tener* a alguien en muy buen concepto
she thinks nothing of spending $500 in a restaurant — ella gasta 500 dólares en un restaurante como si tal cosa
2.
vt1)a) (reflect, ponder) pensar*what are you thinking? — ¿qué estás pensando?
b) ( remember)2)a) (suppose, imagine, expect) pensar*that's what you think — eso es lo que tú crees or piensas
what do you think you're doing? — ¿pero tú qué te crees?
who would have thought it? — ¿quién lo hubiera dicho or imaginado?, ¿quién lo iba a decir?
who do you think you are? — ¿quién te crees que eres?, ¿qué te crees?
I can't think why he refused — no me explico or no entiendo por qué se negó
I thought you'd be there — pensé or creí que estarías allí
I'll help as well - I should think so (too)! — yo también ayudo - me imagino que sí! or pues faltaría más!
she wouldn't accept the money - I should think not! — no quiso aceptar el dinero - pues bueno fuera! or no faltaba más!
b) ( indicating intention)3) ( believe) creer*who do you think did it? — ¿quién crees que lo hizo?, ¿quién te parece que lo hizo?
I thought as much — ya me parecía or ya me lo imaginaba
I thought him rude/pleasant — me pareció or lo encontré grosero/agradable
I think so/I don't think so — creo que sí or me parece que sí/creo que no or me parece que no
•Phrasal Verbs:- think up
II
noun (no pl)I'll have to have a think about it — tendré que pensarlo or pensármelo
[θɪŋk] (vb: pt, pp thought)if you think that, you've got another think coming — si te crees eso estás muy equivocado or (Esp fam) lo llevas claro
1. VI1) (=exercise mind) pensar; (=ponder) reflexionarI think, therefore I am — pienso, luego existo
I'm sorry, I wasn't thinking — lo siento, estaba distraído
now let me think, where did I last see it? — a ver, déjame pensar, ¿cuándo lo vi por última vez?
what are you thinking about? — ¿en qué estás pensando?
did you think I was going to give you the money? well, think again! — ¿creíste que iba a darte el dinero? ¡vamos, piensa un poco!
•
think carefully before you reply — piénsalo bien antes de responder•
to think for o.s. — pensar por sí mismo•
I think of you always, I am always thinking of you — pienso constantemente en tithink of me tomorrow in the exam — acuérdate de mí mañana, haciendo el examen
•
to think twice before doing sth — pensar algo dos veces antes de hacerlo2) (=imagine) imaginarse•
just think! — ¡fíjate!, ¡imagínate!, ¡te das cuenta!•
think of the expense — imagínate lo que costaríathink of what might have happened! — ¡piensa en lo que podía haber ocurrido!
•
and to think of her going there alone! — ¡y pensar que ella fue allí sola!3) (=remember)now I come to think of it... — ahora que lo pienso...
4) (=have opinion)•
see what you think about it and let me know — piénsalo y dime luego tu opinión•
I didn't think much of the play — la obra no me convenció, la obra no me gustó mucho•
what do you think of it? — ¿qué te parece?what do you think of him? — ¿qué opinas de él?, ¿qué te parece (él)?
to think highly of sb — tener muy buena opinión de algn, tener a algn en muy buen concepto
well II, 1., 1)•
I told him what I thought of him — le dije lo que pensaba de él5) (=consider, take into account)to think of other people's feelings — pensar en or tener en cuenta los sentimientos de los demás
6)to think of (=wonder about, dream up) —
have you ever thought of going to Cuba? — ¿has pensado alguna vez en ir a Cuba?
don't you ever think of washing? — ¿no se te ocurre alguna vez lavarte?
whatever were you thinking of? — ¿cómo se te ocurrió hacer eso?
whatever will he think of next? — ¡a ver qué es lo que se le ocurre ahora!
7) (=choose)2. VT1) (=cogitate) pensar•
to think great thoughts — pensar cosas profundas, tener pensamientos profundos•
think what you've done — piense en lo que hizo2) (=believe) creerI don't think it likely — lo creo or me parece muy poco probable
•
she's very pretty, don't you think? — es muy guapa, ¿no crees?he'll be back, I don't think! * — ¿que volverá? ¡no creo!
•
I think so — creo que sí, me parece que sí•
now I don't know what to think — ahora estoy en dudawhat do you think I should do? — ¿qué crees que debo hacer?
what do you think you're doing? — ¿se puede saber lo que estás haciendo?
•
who do you think you are? — ¿quién te crees que eres?who do you think you are to come marching in here? — y tú ¿qué derecho crees tener para entrar aquí tan fresco?
•
anyone would think she was dying — cualquiera diría que se estaba muriendoI would have thought that... — hubiera creído que...
•
that's what you think! — ¡(que) te crees tú eso!3) (=imagine) imaginar(se)think what we could do with that house! — ¡imagina lo que podríamos hacer con esa casa!
to think she once slept here! — ¡pensar que ella durmió aquí una vez!
•
I can't think what he can want — no me puedo imaginar qué quiere•
I thought as much — ya me lo figuraba, ya lo sabía•
I never thought that... — nunca pensé or imaginé que...•
who'd have thought it? — ¿quién lo diría?who'd have thought it possible? — ¿quién se lo hubiera imaginado?
4) (=remember) recordar5) (=be of opinion) opinarthis is my new dress, what do you think? — este es mi vestido nuevo, ¿qué te parece? or ¿qué opinas?
I think we should wait, what do you think? — creo que deberíamos esperar, ¿qué opinas?
6) (=envisage, have idea)I was thinking that... — estaba pensando que...
did you think to bring a corkscrew? — ¿te acordaste de traer un sacacorchos?
I thought/I'd thought I might go swimming — pensé/había pensado en ir a nadar
7) (=expect) pensar, esperarI didn't think to see you here — no pensaba or esperaba verte aquí
I came here thinking to get some answers — vine aquí pensando que obtendría or esperando recibir algunas respuestas
I never thought to hear that from you — nunca pensé que te oiría decir eso, nunca esperé oírte decir eso
•
we little thought that... — estábamos lejos de pensar que...•
"is she going?" - "I should/shouldn't think so" — -¿va a ir? -yo diría que sí/no"I paid him for it" - "I should think so too!" — -se lo he pagado -¡faltaría más!
3.Nto have a think, I'll have a think about it — lo pensaré
•
I was just having a quiet think — meditaba tranquilamente4.CPDthink piece N — (Press) artículo m de opinión
think tank N — grupo m de expertos; (in government) gabinete m de estrategia
- think up* * *
I
1. [θɪŋk](past & past p thought) intransitive verb1) ( use one's mind) pensar*think hard/carefully — piénsalo mucho/bien
it makes you think, doesn't it? — da qué pensar or te hace pensar ¿no?
to think for oneself — pensar* por sí mismo
to think ABOUT something — pensar* en algo; ( consider) pensar* algo
I'll have to think about it — tendré que pensarlo, (me) lo tendré que pensar
to think OF something/somebody — pensar* en algo/alguien
come to think of it... — ahora que lo pienso...
to think better of something: I was going to ask her but thought better of it se lo iba a preguntar pero recapacité y cambié de idea; to think twice — pensarlo* dos veces
2) (intend, plan)to think OF -ING — pensar* + inf
what are you thinking of doing tonight? — ¿qué piensas hacer esta noche?, ¿qué tienes planeado hacer esta noche?
3)a) (find, come up with)to think OF something: can you think of anything better? ¿se te ocurre algo mejor?; I couldn't think of anything to say — no se me ocurrió qué decir
b) ( remember)to think OF something — acordarse* de algo
4) ( have opinion)to think highly of somebody — tener* muy buena opinión de alguien, tener* a alguien en muy buen concepto
she thinks nothing of spending $500 in a restaurant — ella gasta 500 dólares en un restaurante como si tal cosa
2.
vt1)a) (reflect, ponder) pensar*what are you thinking? — ¿qué estás pensando?
b) ( remember)2)a) (suppose, imagine, expect) pensar*that's what you think — eso es lo que tú crees or piensas
what do you think you're doing? — ¿pero tú qué te crees?
who would have thought it? — ¿quién lo hubiera dicho or imaginado?, ¿quién lo iba a decir?
who do you think you are? — ¿quién te crees que eres?, ¿qué te crees?
I can't think why he refused — no me explico or no entiendo por qué se negó
I thought you'd be there — pensé or creí que estarías allí
I'll help as well - I should think so (too)! — yo también ayudo - me imagino que sí! or pues faltaría más!
she wouldn't accept the money - I should think not! — no quiso aceptar el dinero - pues bueno fuera! or no faltaba más!
b) ( indicating intention)3) ( believe) creer*who do you think did it? — ¿quién crees que lo hizo?, ¿quién te parece que lo hizo?
I thought as much — ya me parecía or ya me lo imaginaba
I thought him rude/pleasant — me pareció or lo encontré grosero/agradable
I think so/I don't think so — creo que sí or me parece que sí/creo que no or me parece que no
•Phrasal Verbs:- think up
II
noun (no pl)I'll have to have a think about it — tendré que pensarlo or pensármelo
if you think that, you've got another think coming — si te crees eso estás muy equivocado or (Esp fam) lo llevas claro
-
24 Б-39
ЛИХА БЕДА НАЧАЛО (НАЧАТЬ) (saying)beginning an endeavor is harder than continuing it once you have begun (may be used in refer, to both good deeds and reprehensible actions): - the first step is (always) the hardestit's the first step that costs the first blow is half the battle a good start is half the race well begun is half done (in limited contexts) the first step is (always) the worst.(Большинцов:) Говорят, в этих делах лиха беда начать... (Тургенев 1). (В.:) They say, in these matters the first step is (the) hardest (1c).Лиха беда - начало. Одним словом, я аккуратнейшим образом, даже после ночной смены, посещала политзанятия у Евдокии Ивановны... (Гинзбург 2). As a good start is half the race, I made a point, even after my night shift, of attending punctiliously every one of Eudokia Ivanovna's political talks (2a).Давайте выпьем!» — «Придётся. Лиха беда начало...» Лейтенант чокался с Григорием и поручиком, пил молча, почти не закусывал (Шолохов 5). "Let's drink!" "I suppose I'll have to. Oh well, the first step's the worst!" The English lieutenant clinked glasses with Grigory and his Russian companion and drank in silence, scarcely touching the food (5a). -
25 лиха беда начало
• ЛИХ А БЕДА НАЧАЛО < НАЧАТЬ>[sayingj beginning an endeavor is harder than continuing it once you have begun (may be used in refer, to both good deeds and reprehensible actions): - the first step is (always) the hardest; it's the first step that costs; the first blow is half the battle; a good start is half the race; well begun is half done; [in limited contexts]=====⇒ the first step is (always) the worst.♦ [Большинцов:] Говорят, в этих делах лиха беда начать... (Тургенев 1). [В.:] They say, in these matters the first step is [the] hardest (lc).♦ Лиха беда - начало. Одним словом, я аккуратнейшим образом, даже после ночной смены, посещала политзанятия у Евдокии Ивановны... (Гинзбург 2). As a good start is half the race, I made a point, even after my night shift, of attending punctiliously every one of Eudokia Ivanovna's political talks (2a).♦ "Давайте выпьем!" - "Придётся. Лиха беда начало..." Лейтенант чокался с Григорием и поручиком, пил молча, почти не закусывал (Шолохов 5). "Let's drink!" "I suppose I'll have to. Oh well, the first step's the worst!" The English lieutenant clinked glasses with Grigory and his Russian companion and drank in silence, scarcely touching the food (5a).Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > лиха беда начало
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26 лиха беда начать
• ЛИХ А БЕДА НАЧАЛО < НАЧАТЬ>[sayingj beginning an endeavor is harder than continuing it once you have begun (may be used in refer, to both good deeds and reprehensible actions): - the first step is (always) the hardest; it's the first step that costs; the first blow is half the battle; a good start is half the race; well begun is half done; [in limited contexts]=====⇒ the first step is (always) the worst.♦ [Большинцов:] Говорят, в этих делах лиха беда начать... (Тургенев 1). [В.:] They say, in these matters the first step is [the] hardest (lc).♦ Лиха беда - начало. Одним словом, я аккуратнейшим образом, даже после ночной смены, посещала политзанятия у Евдокии Ивановны... (Гинзбург 2). As a good start is half the race, I made a point, even after my night shift, of attending punctiliously every one of Eudokia Ivanovna's political talks (2a).♦ "Давайте выпьем!" - "Придётся. Лиха беда начало..." Лейтенант чокался с Григорием и поручиком, пил молча, почти не закусывал (Шолохов 5). "Let's drink!" "I suppose I'll have to. Oh well, the first step's the worst!" The English lieutenant clinked glasses with Grigory and his Russian companion and drank in silence, scarcely touching the food (5a).Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > лиха беда начать
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27 kind
Ⅰ.kind1 [kaɪnd]1 noun(a) (sort, type) sorte f, type m, genre m;∎ hundreds of different kinds of books des centaines de livres de toutes sortes;∎ they have every kind of bird imaginable ils ont tous les oiseaux possibles et imaginables;∎ it's a kind of fish c'est une espèce de poisson;∎ what kind of fish is this? quel type ou quelle sorte de poisson est-ce?;∎ what kind of computer have you got? qu'est-ce que vous avez comme (marque d')ordinateur?;∎ have you got any other kind? en avez-vous d'autres?;∎ they did have some flour, but it wasn't the right kind ils avaient bien de la farine, mais ce n'était pas la bonne;∎ all kinds of people toutes sortes de gens;∎ what kind of people go there? - oh, all kinds quel type de gens y va? - oh, des gens très différents;∎ the worst kind of people des gens de la pire espèce;∎ the place was packed with paintings of all kinds il y avait là toutes sortes de tableaux;∎ it's a different kind of problem c'est un tout autre problème, c'est un problème d'un autre ordre;∎ I think he's some kind of specialist or a specialist of some kind je crois que c'est un genre de spécialiste;∎ he's that kind of person il est comme ça;∎ familiar are you some kind of nut? tu es malade ou quoi?;∎ what kind of person do you think I am? pour qui me prenez-vous?;∎ it's all right, if you like that kind of thing c'est bien si vous aimez ce genre de choses;∎ is this the kind of thing you're looking for? est-ce que c'est quelque chose de ce genre que vous cherchez?;∎ this is not the kind of thing you can do overnight ce n'est pas le genre de chose qu'on fait du jour au lendemain;∎ his books are not the kind to become best-sellers ses livres ne sont pas du genre à devenir des best-sellers;∎ he's not the kind that would betray his friends il n'est pas du genre à trahir ses amis;∎ they're not our kind of people (not the sort we mix with) nous ne sommes pas du même monde;∎ Las Vegas is my kind of town Las Vegas est le genre de ville que j'aime;∎ you're my kind of girl tu es mon type de femme, tu es le type de femme que j'aime;∎ I'm not that kind of girl ce n'est pas mon genre;∎ he's not the understanding kind il n'est pas du genre compréhensif;∎ she's not the marrying kind elle n'est pas du genre à se marier;∎ she's more the stay-at-home kind elle est plus du genre à rester à la maison;∎ I know your kind! je connais les gens de ton espèce!;∎ I said nothing of the kind! je n'ai rien dit de pareil ou de tel!;∎ you were drunk last night - I was nothing of the kind! tu étais ivre hier soir - absolument pas ou mais pas du tout!(b) (class of person, thing)∎ he's a traitor to his kind il a trahi les siens;∎ it's one of the finest of its kind (animal) c'est l'un des plus beaux spécimens de son espèce; (object) c'est l'un des plus beaux dans son genre∎ a kind of une sorte de, une espèce de;∎ a hat with a kind of (a) veil un chapeau avec une espèce de voilette;∎ it was a kind of saucer-shaped thing c'était une espèce de truc en forme de soucoupe;∎ she had a kind of fit elle a eu une sorte d'attaque;∎ I had a kind of (a) feeling you'd come j'avais comme l'impression que tu viendrais;∎ I heard a kind of thump j'ai entendu une espèce de cognement ou comme un cognement;∎ familiar kind of plutôt□ ;∎ it's kind of big and round c'est plutôt ou dans le genre grand et rond;∎ I'm kind of sad about it ça me rend un peu triste;∎ did you hit him? - well, kind of tu l'as frappé? - oui, si on veut;∎ do you agree? kind of tu es d'accord? plus ou moins;∎ we just kind of wandered about on s'est un peu baladés;∎ they're two of a kind ils sont de la même espèce;∎ one of a kind unique (en son genre);∎ did he give you any tips? - of a kind vous a-t-il donné des conseils? - si on peut appeler ça des conseils;∎ well, it's beer of a kind, I suppose oui, on peut appeler ça de la bière, je suppose;∎ he speaks French - of a kind il parle français - plus ou moins;∎ it's work of a kind, but only as a stopgap c'est un emploi, d'accord, mais pas pour très longtemps(a) (with goods, services) en nature;∎ to pay sb in kind payer qn en nature(b) (in similar fashion) de même;∎ he insulted me, and I replied in kind il m'a insulté, et je lui ai rendu la monnaie de sa pièceⅡ.kind2(a) (good-natured, considerate) gentil, aimable;∎ she's a very kind woman c'est une femme très gentille ou une femme d'une grande bonté;∎ to be kind to sb être gentil avec qn;∎ it's very kind of you to take an interest c'est très gentil à vous de vous y intéresser;∎ how kind! comme c'est gentil!;∎ you are really too kind vous êtes vraiment trop aimable;∎ she was kind enough to say nothing elle a eu la gentillesse de ne rien dire;∎ would you be so kind as to post this for me? auriez-vous l'amabilité de mettre ceci à la poste pour moi?;∎ by kind permission of… avec l'aimable autorisation de…;∎ give him my kind regards faites-lui mes amitiés(b) (favourable) favorable;∎ most of the reviews were kind to the actors la plupart des critiques étaient favorables aux acteurs(c) (delicate, not harmful) doux (douce);∎ a detergent that is kind to your hands une lessive qui n'abîme pas les mains -
28 hypothèse
hypothèse [ipɔtεz]feminine noun• émettre l'hypothèse que... to suggest the possibility that... ; (dans un raisonnement scientifique) to theorize that...• dans l'hypothèse où... in the event that...* * *ipɔtɛznom féminin hypothesis* * *ipɔtɛz nf* * *hypothèse nf hypothesis; hypothèse de travail working hypothesis; émettre l'hypothèse que to put forward the hypothesis that; faire des hypothèses to speculate (sur about); se refuser à la moindre hypothèse to refuse to speculate; dans l'hypothèse où il serait élu should he be elected, in the event of his being elected; dans la pire des hypothèses in the worst scenario imaginable; écarter/retenir l'hypothèse de l'accident to rule out/accept the possibility of an accident.[ipɔtɛz] nom féminindans l'hypothèse où il refuserait, que feriez-vous? supposing he refuses, what would you do?en toute hypothèse locution adverbiale -
29 der Fall
- {case} trường hợp, cảnh ngộ, hoàn cảnh, tình thế, ca, vụ, việc kiện, việc thưa kiện, kiện, việc tố tụng, cách, hộp, hòm, ngăn, túi, vỏ, hộp chữ in - {decline} sự sụt, sự suy tàn, sự suy sụp, sự tàn tạ, bệnh gầy mòn, sự sụt sức - {downfall} sự trút xuống, sự đổ xuống, trận mưa như trút nước, sự sa sút, sự suy vi - {drop} giọt, hớp nhỏ rượu mạnh, ly nhỏ rượu mạnh, chút xíu rượu mạnh, kẹo viên, viên, hoa, dây rủ, sự rơi, quãng rơi, sự xuống dốc, sự thất thế, sự hạ, sự giảm, sa sụt, chỗ thụt xuống thình lình - mực thụt xuống, dốc đứng, màn hạ lúc nghỉ tạm drop-curtain), cú đá quả bóng đang bật drop-kick), ván rút, miếng che lỗ khoá, khe đút tiền, sự thả dù, vật thả dù - {fall} sự ngã, sự rụng xuống, sự rũ xuống, sự sụp đổ, sự mất địa vị, sự xuống thế, sự sụt giá, sự giảm giá, sự vật ngã, keo vật, sự sa ngã, lượng mưa, lượng tuyết, số lượng cây ngả, số lượng gỗ xẻ - hướng đi xuống, dốc xuống, thác, sự đẻ, lứa cừu con, dây ròng rọc, lưới che mặt, mạng che mặt, mùa lá rụng, mùa thu - {flop} sự rơi tõm, tiếng rơi tõm, sự thất bại, chỗ ngủ - {spill} sự làm tràn, sự làm đổ ra, sự đánh đổ ra, lượng đánh đổ ra, spillway, cái đóm, cái nút nhỏ, cái đinh nhỏ, cái chốt nhỏ, cái móc nhỏ = das Fall (Marine) {halyard}+ = der Fall (Physik) {descent}+ = in dem Fall {if so}+ = der schwere Fall {mucker; plump}+ = der einzelne Fall {instance}+ = im besten Fall {at best}+ = Knall und Fall {all of a sudden; pop}+ = auf jeden Fall {at all events; at any rate; in any case; in any event; whether or no}+ = der strittige Fall {moot case}+ = der dringende Fall {exigence}+ = auf keinen Fall {by no means; in no case; in no way; not for the life of me; on no account; on no consideration; under no circumstances}+ = zu Fall bringen {to drop; to lay low}+ = auf keinen Fall! {nothing doing!}+ = den Fall annehmen {to put the case}+ = im äußersten Fall {if the worst comes to the worst}+ = das ist ganz mein Fall {that's down my alley; that's just my cup of tea; that's just my line}+ = im günstigsten Fall {at best}+ = das ist genau sein Fall {that's nuts to him}+ = der Fall wird verhandelt (Jura) {the case is up}+ = einen Fall verlangen (Grammatik) {to take a case}+ = einen Fall verhandeln {to hear a case}+ = dieser spezielle Fall {this particular case}+ = im letztgenannten Fall (Referenz zu vorhergehendem Text) {latter case}+ = jemanden zu Fall bringen {to trip up}+ = über einen Fall verhandeln (Jura) {to try a case}+ = Er ist ein hoffnungsloser Fall. {He is a dead loss.}+ = gesetzt den Fall, ich habe recht {let's suppose that I'm right}+ -
30 expect
expect [ɪk'spekt](a) (anticipate) s'attendre à;∎ they are expecting an increase in prices ils s'attendent à une hausse des prix;∎ we expect rain/bad weather nous nous attendons à de la pluie/du mauvais temps;∎ we expected that it would be much bigger nous nous attendions à ce qu'il soit beaucoup plus gros, nous pensions qu'il allait être beaucoup plus gros;∎ we expected you to bring your own nous pensions que vous alliez apporter le vôtre;∎ to expect sb to do sth s'attendre à ce que qn fasse qch;∎ she knew more Russian than I expected her to elle était meilleure en russe que je ne m'y attendais;∎ I hadn't expected them to be French je ne m'attendais pas à ce qu'ils soient français;∎ to expect the worst s'attendre au pire;∎ I expected as much! je m'en doutais!, c'est bien ce que je pensais!;∎ some slight initial difficulty is to be expected il faut s'attendre à rencontrer quelques légères difficultés initiales;∎ that's only to be expected ce n'est pas du tout surprenant;∎ it was better/worse than I expected c'était mieux/pire que je ne m'y attendais;∎ she is as well as can be expected elle va aussi bien que sa condition le permet;∎ I had expected better of or from you je n'aurais pas cru ça de vous;∎ she played with the brilliance (which) we have come to expect (from her) elle a joué avec le brio auquel elle nous a maintenant habitués;∎ what can you expect? que voulez-vous?;∎ what can you expect from a government like that? que voulez-vous, avec un gouvernement pareil!;∎ she was angry - well, what did you expect? elle était en colère - et alors, ça t'étonne?;∎ as might have been expected, as was to be expected comme on pouvait s'y attendre;∎ I knew what to expect je savais à quoi m'attendre;∎ I never know what to expect with you je ne sais jamais à quoi m'attendre ou m'en tenir avec vous∎ we're expecting you to help us nous comptons sur votre aide;∎ don't expect me to be there! ne t'attends pas à ce que j'y sois!∎ to expect sb to do sth demander à qn de faire qch;∎ I expect you to be punctual je vous demande d'arriver à l'heure;∎ I expect complete obedience je demande une obéissance totale;∎ I expect something to be done j'exige qu'on fasse quelque chose à ce sujet;∎ you expect too much of him tu lui en demandes trop;∎ it's too much to expect of a child c'est trop attendre d'un enfant, c'est trop demander à un enfant;∎ it's no less than I would have expected from my own family je ne me serais pas attendu à moins de la part de ma propre famille;∎ it is expected that the candidate will be willing to undertake some travel on attend du candidat qu'il soit disposé à voyager;∎ I'm expected to write all his speeches je suis censé ou supposé rédiger tous ses discours(d) (suppose, imagine) imaginer, penser, supposer;∎ I expect so je pense, j'imagine;∎ I don't expect so je ne pense pas, j'imagine que non;∎ I expect you're right tu dois avoir raison;∎ I expect it's where you left it il doit être là où tu l'as laissé;∎ I expect you'll be wanting something to drink vous boirez bien quelque chose; (grudgingly) j'imagine que vous voulez quelque chose à boire(f) (await → guest, letter, phone call) attendre;∎ I'm expecting friends for dinner j'attends des amis à dîner;∎ (at) what time should we expect you then? à quelle heure devons-nous vous attendre alors?;∎ we're expecting them back any minute now nous attendons leur retour d'une minute à l'autre∎ to be expecting (be pregnant) être enceinte, attendre un enfant -
31 historia
f.1 history (ciencia).pasar a la historia to go down in historyhistoria antigua/universal ancient/world historyhistoria del arte art historyhistoria natural natural history2 story.una historia de amor/fantasmas a love/ghost storyes siempre la misma historia it's the same old story3 story (informal) (excusa, enredo).¡déjate de historias! that's enough of that!no me vengas ahora con historias don't give me that!, you don't expect me to believe that, do you?4 recorded history, written history.pres.indicat.3rd person singular (él/ella/ello) present indicative of spanish verb: historiar.* * *1 (estudio) history2 (narración) story, tale\¡déjate de historias! get to the point!, stop beating about the bush!es la historia de siempre it's the same old storyir con historias to tell storiespasar a la historia to go down in historytener una historia con alguien (lío) to have some trouble with somebody 2 (aventura) to have a fling with somebodyhistoria antigua ancient historyhistoria natural natural historyhistoria universal world history* * *noun f.1) history2) story3) tale* * *SF1) [de país, institución] historyla historia del cine — the history of film o cinema
es licenciado en historia — he has a degree in history, he has a history degree
pasar a la historia —
pasará a la historia como la primera mujer en el espacio — she will go down in history as the first woman in space
nuestro problema ya pasó a la historia — our problem is a thing of the past o has long since disappeared
tiene historia cómo conseguimos este libro — how we got hold of this book is an interesting story, there's an interesting story behind how we got hold of this book
historia del arte — history of art, art history
Historia Sagrada — Biblical history; [en la escuela] † Scripture
2) (=relato) storyla historia de siempre o la misma historia o la historia de todos los días — the same old story
3) (=enredo) story¡ahora no me cuentes la historia de tu vida! — don't tell me your whole life story now!
4) (=excusa) [sobre algo pasado] excuse, story; [sobre algo presente o futuro] excuseseguro que te viene con alguna historia — she's sure to give you some excuse o tell you some story
¿así que has estado trabajando hasta ahora? ¡no me vengas con historias o déjate de historias! — so you've been working right up to now, have you? don't give me any of your stories!
dijo que llegaba tarde por no se qué historia — he said he was going to be late for some reason or other
5) * (=lío) business *6) * (=romance) fling ** * *1) (Hist) historyhacer historia — to make history
2) ( relato) storyla historia de su familia/vida — his family history/the story of his life
3) (fam)a) (cuento, excusa)me vino con la historia de que... — he came up with this story o tale about...
b) ( asunto)c) ( lío amoroso) scene (colloq)* * *1) (Hist) historyhacer historia — to make history
2) ( relato) storyla historia de su familia/vida — his family history/the story of his life
3) (fam)a) (cuento, excusa)me vino con la historia de que... — he came up with this story o tale about...
b) ( asunto)c) ( lío amoroso) scene (colloq)* * *historia11 = history, chronology.Ex: It is important to recognise, then, that a variety of different indexing approaches are inevitable, not only for reasons of history and indexer preference, but because different situations demand different approaches.
Ex: This article provides a chronology of key developments in the evolution of standards for archival description = Este artículo presenta una cronología de los avances más importantes en la evolución de las normas para la descripción de documentos de archivo.* aficionado a la historia = history buff.* a lo largo de la historia = over time.* amante de la historia = history buff.* a través de la historia = over time.* clase de historia = history lesson.* colección de historia local = local history collection.* en el curso de la historia = in the course of history.* en el transcurso de la historia = in the course of history.* fiel desde el punto de vista de la historia = historically accurate.* hacer historia = make + history, history in the making, go down in + history.* historia accidentada = chequered history.* historia clínica = case history.* historia de la humanidad = human history.* historia de la humanidad, la = history of humanity, the, history of mankind, the.* historia de la imprenta = history of printing.* historia de la literatura = literary history.* historia del arte = art history.* historia de las bibliotecas = library history.* historia del libro = book history.* historia de los archivos = archival history.* historia de un condado = county history.* historia de vida = life history.* historia + enseñar = history + teach, lesson from history.* historia escrita = written history.* historia escrita, la = recorded history.* historia familiar = family history.* historia hablada = oral history.* historia literaria = literary history.* historia local = local history.* historia marítima = maritime history.* historia natural = natural history.* historia oral = oral history.* historia personal = personal history.* historia + remontarse a = trace + ascendancy.* historia social = social history.* historia trágica = tragic history.* la historia + repetirse = history + come full circle.* la historia + volverse a repetir = history + come full circle.* lección de historia = lesson from history, history lesson.* libro de historia = history book.* llegar a un momento importante en + Posesivo + historia = reach + milestone.* museo de historia natural = natural history museum.* pasar a la historia = history in the making, go down in + history.* pasar a la historia como = go down as, go down in + the history books as.* pasar a la historia como = go down in + history as, go down in + the annals of history as.* pasar a los anales de la historia como = go down in + history, go down in + history as, go down in + the history books as, go down in + the annals of history as.* que hace historia = history-making.* relatar la historia de = trace + the history of.* Sala de Manuscritos e Historia Local = Manuscript and Local History Room.* sentido de la historia = sense of history.* tener una larga historia = extend + far back, stretch + far back in time.historia22 = story, story book [storybook], tale, yarn, account.Ex: There were lessons in this story which appear to have been ignored but remain valid for the future.
Ex: These he bound up in three volumes, and on the fly leaf of the first volume wrote 'I have always retained a kind of affection for little story books, as they recall muy early days'.Ex: 'I only wanted to write an interesting tale,' he will say, ignoring that the interest of a story almost always comes from seeing the human will in action -- against chaos or against order.Ex: Every teacher, I suppose, has his own collection of favorite yarns based on personal experiences.Ex: In the interests of clarity an integrated account of the appropriate added entry headings is to be found in 21.29 and 21.30.* contar historias = tell + tales.* contar una historia = spin + a yarn, weave + a tale, narrate + story, weave + story.* historia amorosa = fling.* historia de amor = love story.* historia de detectives = detective story.* historia + desvelar = story + unfold.* historia heróica = heroic story.* historia nunca contada = untold story.* historia pintoresca = colourful story.* historia + revelar = story + unfold.* historia verídica = true story.* narrar una historia = narrate + story.* recrear una historia = recreate + story.* tejer una historia = weave + story.* urdir una historia = weave + story.* * *A ( Hist) historyhistoria de la literatura/música history of literature/musicclase/libro de historia history class/bookeste tapiz tiene una larga historia this tapestry has a long historyel robo más espectacular de la historia de este país the most spectacular robbery in this country's historyla historia se repite history repeats itselfdejar algo/a algn para la historia ( Chi fam): dejó el auto para la historia he wrecked the car, he totalled the car ( AmE colloq), he wrote the car off ( BrE colloq)lo dejaron para la historia con tanto golpe they knocked the living daylights out of him ( colloq)hacer historia to make historyun concierto que hará historia a concert which will go down in o make historypasar a la historia (por ser importante) to go down in historypasará a la historia como un gran político he will go down in history as a great statesmanuna fecha que pasará a la historia a date that will go down in historyCompuestos:ancient history( AmL) medical historymodern historynatural history● Historia Sagrada or SacraBiblical historyworld historyB (relato) storyel libro cuenta la historia de su vida the book tells the story of his lifemira, no me cuentes la historia de tu vida ( fam); look, I don't want to hear your whole life story ( colloq)me contó toda la historia de su familia he told me his whole family historyme contó toda la historia she told me the whole storyes una historia larga de contar it's a long storyuna historia de amor a love storyC ( fam)1(cuento, excusa): ahora me viene con la historia de que le robaron la cartera now he's come up with this story o tale about his wallet being stolenno me vengas con historias don't give me any of your storiesdéjate de historias y dime por qué no viniste ayer stop making excuses and tell me why you didn't come yesterdayya estoy harta de escuchar siempre la misma historia I'm fed up with hearing the same old excuse o story time and again ( colloq)2(asunto): alguien se quejó de no sé qué historias somebody complained about something or other ( colloq)estuvo metido en una historia de drogas he was mixed up in some business o something to do with drugs ( colloq)3 (lío amoroso) scene ( colloq)tuvo una historia con una inglesa he had a scene with an English girl* * *
Del verbo historiar: ( conjugate historiar)
historia es:
3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) presente indicativo2ª persona singular (tú) imperativo
Multiple Entries:
historia
historiar
historia sustantivo femenino
1 (Hist) history;
historia clínica medical history;
pasar a la historia ( por ser importante) to go down in history;
( perder actualidad) (fam):◊ aquello ya pasó a la historia that's ancient history now (colloq)
2 ( relato) story;
3 (fam) (cuento, asunto):◊ me vino con la historia de que … he came up with this story o tale about …;
déjate de historias stop making excuses;
se quejó de no sé qué historias he complained about something or other (colloq)
historia sustantivo femenino
1 history
2 (cuento) story, tale
familiar ¡no me cuentes historias!, don't give me that!
♦ Locuciones: hacer historia, to make history
pasar a la historia, (por ser importante) to go down in history
(no tener actualidad) to be a thing of the past
' historia' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
cala
- contar
- deprimente
- exagerada
- exagerado
- hermosa
- hermoso
- hinchar
- histórica
- histórico
- inflar
- jamás
- lacrimógena
- lacrimógeno
- meramente
- momento
- motor
- narrar
- real
- reivindicar
- tejer
- accidentado
- amañar
- colar
- culminante
- encachado
- ir
- jugoso
- moderno
- mundial
- novelesco
- protagonista
- relatar
- relato
- rico
- sabroso
- seguir
- serie
- tonto
- trabar
- triste
- verdadero
- verde
- verosímil
English:
account
- ball
- ball game
- borderline
- concoct
- cook up
- creepy
- cuff
- DPhil
- earthy
- embellish
- embroider
- end
- exclusive
- extensive
- fascination
- first
- fudge
- ghost
- hand down
- history
- hoax
- improbable
- invest
- made-up
- make up
- moral
- pity
- plot
- spin
- story
- student
- touch
- trace
- true
- twist
- unlikely
- untold
- woe
- yarn
- base
- case
- course
- go
- life
- making
- natural
- past
- saga
- study
* * *historia nf1. [ciencia] history;un profesor/libro de historia a history teacher/book;historia de la ciencia/literatura history of science/literature;he comprado una historia de Grecia I've bought a history of Greece;ha sido la mayor catástrofe de la historia it was the worst disaster in history;hacer historia to make history;pasar a la historia: una victoria que pasará a la historia a victory that will go down in history;el cine mudo ya pasó a la historia silent movies are now a thing of the pasthistoria antigua ancient history;historia del arte art history;historia contemporánea = modern history since the French Revolution;historia económica economic history;historia medieval medieval history;historia moderna = history of the period between 1492 and the French Revolution;historia natural natural history;historia oral oral history;historia política political history;historia sagrada biblical history;historia universal world history2. [narración] story;una historia de amor/fantasmas a love/ghost story;una historia real a true story;nos contó varias historias de su viaje a Rusia she told us several stories about her trip to Russia;es siempre la misma historia it's the same old story;es una historia larga de contar it's a long story¡déjate de historias! that's enough of that!;no me vengas ahora con historias don't give me that!, you don't expect me to believe that, do you?está metido en una historia muy turbia he's involved in a very shady business;está metido en una historia de drogas he's mixed up in something to do with drugstener una historia con alguien to have a fling with sb* * *f1 history;pasar a la historia go down in history2 ( cuento) story;una historia de drogas fam some drugs business;déjate de historias fam stop making excuses* * *historia nf1) : history2) narración, relato: story* * *historia n1. (asignatura) history3. (excusa) excuse -
32 HAFA
* * *(hefi; hafða, höfðum; hafðr), v.1) to have (þeir höfðu sjau skip ok flest stór);hafa elda, to keep up a five;2) to hold, celebrate (hafa vinaboð, blót, þing);3) to keep, retain (rifu þær vefinn í sundr, ok hafði hverr þat er hélt á);4) to use (tvau net eru rý, ok hafa eigi höfð verit);orð þau sem hann hafði um haft, which he had made use of;hafa fagrmæli við e-n, to flatter one;hafa hljóðmæli við e-n, to speak secretly to one;hafa tvimæli á e-u, to speak doubtfully of a thing;hafa viðrmæli um e-t, to use mocking words;hann var mjök hafðr við mál manna, much used to, versed in, lawsuits;5) to have, hold, maintain;hafa vináttu við e-n, to maintain friendship with one;hafa hættumikit, to run a great risk;hafa heilindi, to have good health;6) to bring, carry;hafa e-n heim með sér, to bring one home;hann hafði lög, út hingat ór Noregi, he brought laws hither from Norway;hafa sik (to betake oneself) til annara landa;7) to take, carry off;troll hafi þik, the trolls take thee;8) to get, gain, win;hann hafði eigi svefn, he got no sleep;hefir sá jafnan, er hættir, he wins that ventures;hafa gagn, sigr, to gain victor;hafa meira hlut, to get the upper hand, gain the day;hafa betr (verr), to get the better (worse) of it;hafa sitt mál, to win one’s suit;hafa tafl, to win the game;hafa erendi, to do one’s errand, succeed;hafa bana, to suffer death, to die;hafa sigr, to be worsted;hafa góðar viðtökur, to be well received;hafa tíðindi af e-m, to get tidings of, or from, one;hafa sœmd, óvirðing af e-m, to get honour, disgrace from one;with gen., hafa e-s ekki, to fail to catch one (hann kemst á skóg undan, ok höfðu þeir hans ekki);ekki munu vér hans hafa at sinni, we shall not catch him at present;9) to wear carry (clothes, weapons);hann hafði blán kyrtil, he wore a blue kirtle;hafa kylfu í hendi sér, to have a club in one’s hand;10) to behave, do, or fare, so an so esp. with an adv.;hafa vel, illa, vetr, to behave (do) well, badly, be worse;hafa sik vel, to behave;hafa vel, to be well off or happy;hafa hart, to be in a wretched plight;11) with infin., hafa at varðveita, to have in keeping at selja, to have on sale;lög hafið þér at mæla, you are right;12) hafa e-n nær e-u, to expose one to (þú hafðir svá nær haft oss úfœru);hafa nær e-u, to come near to, esp. impers.;nær hafði okkr nú, it was a narrow escape;svá nær hafði hausinum, at, the shot so nearly touched the head, that;ok er nær hafði, skipit mundi fljóta, when the ship was on the point of flloating;13) as an auxiliary verb, in the earliest time with the pp. of transitive verbs in acc.;hefir þú hamar um fólginn, hast thou hidden the hammer?;ek hefi sendan mann, I have sent a man;later with indecl. neut. pp.;hefir þú eigi sét mik, hast thou not seen me?;14) with preps.:hafa e-t at, to do, act;hann tók af þér konuna, en þú hafðir ekki at, but thou didst not stir, didst take it tamely;absol., viltu þess freista, ok vita hvat at hafi, wilt thou try and see what happens?;hafa e-t at hlífiskildi (skotspœni), to use as a shield (as a target);hafa e-n háði, hlátri, to mock, laugh at;hafa e-t at engu, vettugi, to hold for naught, take no notice of;hafa sakir á e-n have charges against one;hafa á rás, to take to one’s heels, run off;hafa e-t eptir, to do or repeat a thing after one;hafa e-t fram, to produce (vápn þorgils vóru fram höfð); to carry out, hold forth;hafa mál fram, to proceed with a suit;var um búit, ekki fram haft, all was made ready but nothing done;hafa e-t frammi, í frammi, to use, make use of (hafa í frammi kúgan);ok öll lögmæt skil frammi hafa, and discharge all on official duties;hafa e-t fyrir satt, to hold for true;eigi em ek þar fyrir sönnu hafðr, I am not truly aimed for that, it is a false charge;hafa e-n fyrir sökum um e-t, to charge one with;hafa í hótum við e-n, to threaten one;hafa e-t með höndum, to have in hand;höfum eiai sigrinn ór hendi, let not victory slip out of our hands;hafa ór við e-n, to behave so and so towards one (hefir þú illa ór haft við mik);hafa e-t til e-s to use for (höfðu þeir til varnar skot ok spjót); to be a reason or ground for;vér hyggjum þat til þess haft vera, at þar hafi menn sézt, we believe the foundation of the story is that men have been seen there;hafa mikit (lítit) til síns máls, to have much (little) in support of one’s case;hafa e-t til, to have at hand, possess;orð þau, sem hann hafði um haft, the words which he had used;keisari hafði fátt um, did not say much;hafa e-n undir, to get one under, subdue one;hafa e-t uppi, to take (heave) up (hafa uppi fœri, net);Skarpheðinn hafði uppi øxina, S. heaved up the axe;hafa flokk uppi, to raise a party, to rebel;hafa uppi tafl, to play at a game;hafa e-n uppi, to bring one to light;hafa uppi rœður, to begin a discussion;hafa e-t úti, to have done, finished (hafa úti sitt dagsverk);hafa við e-m, to be a match for one;hafa sik við, to exert oneself;hafa mikit (lítit) við, to make a great (little) display;hann söng messu ok bafði mikit við, and made much of it;hann bad jarl leita, bann hafði lítit við þat, he did it lightly;haf ekki slíkt við, do not say so;haf þú lítit við at eggja sonu þina, refrain from egging on thy sons;15) refl., hafast.* * *pret. hafði; subj. hefði; pres. sing. hefi (less correctly hefir), hefir, hefir; plur. höfum, hafit, hafa: the mod. pres. sing. is monosyllabic hefr or hefur, and is used so in rhymes—andvara engan hefur | … við glys heims gálaus sefur, Pass. 15. 6, but in print the true old form hefir is still retained; the monosyllabic present is used even by old writers in the 1st pers. before the personal or negative suffix, e. g. hef-k and hef-k-a ek for hefi-g and hefig-a ek, see e. g. Grág. (Kb.) 79, 82, in the old oath formula, hef-k eigi, Hallfred; hef ek, Fms. iii. 10 (in a verse); but not so in 3rd pers., e. g. hefir-a or hefir-at, Grág. l. c.: imperat. haf, hafðu: part. pass. hafðr, neut. haft;—hafat is an απ. λεγ., Vsp. 16, and is prob. qs. hafit from hefja, to heave, lift: [Ulf. haban; A. S. habban; Engl. have; Hel. hebben; Germ. haben; Dutch hebben; Dan. have, Swed. hafva: it is curious the Lat. form habere retains the consonant unchanged, cp. the Romance forms, Ital. avere, Fr. avoir, Span. haber, etc. ☞ Hafa is a weak verb, and thus distinguished from hefja (to lift, begin), which is a strong verb, answering to Lat. capere, incipere; but in sundry cases, as will be seen below, it passes into the sense of this latter word; as also in some instances into that of another lost strong verb, hafa, hóf, to behave, and hœfa, to hit]:—to have.A. To have; hann hafði með sér ekki meira lið, Fms. i. 39; hafði hverr hirð um sik, 52; höfðu þeir áttján skip, viii. 42; Sverrir hafði tvau hundrað manna, … þeir höfðu annan samnað á landi, 328; hann hafði mikit lið ok frítt, x. 36; þeir höfðu sjau skip ok flest stór, 102; hafa fjölmennar setur, Eb. 22; hann hafði menn sína í síldveri, Eg. 42; mun ek naut hafa þar sem mér þykkir hagi beztr, 716.II. to hold:1. to keep, celebrate; hafa ok halda, Dipl. i. 6; hafa átrúnað, 10; hafa dóma, 12; hafa blót, Fms. iv. 254; hafa vina-veizlu, id.; hafa vina-boð, Nj. 2; hafa Jóla-boð, Eg. 516; hafa þing, Fms. ix. 449; hafa haust-boð, Gísl. 27; hafa drykkju, Eb. 154; hafa leik, Fms. x. 201, passim.2. to hold, observe; hlýðir þat hvergi at hafa eigi lög í landi, Nj. 149; skal þat hafa, er stendr …, Grág. i. 7; skal þat allt hafa er finsk á skrá þeirri …, id.; en hvatki es mis-sagt es í fræðum þessum, þá es skylt at hafa þat (to keep, hold to be true) es sannara reynisk, Íb. 3; ok hafða ek (I kept, selected) þat ór hvárri er framarr greindi, Landn. 320, v. l.3. to hold, keep, retain; ef hann vill hafa hann til fardaga, Grág. i. 155; skal búandinn hafa hann hálfan mánuð, 154; ok hafði hvárr þat er hélt á, Nj. 279; hitt skal hafa er um fram er, Rb. 56; kasta í burt þrjátigi ok haf þat sem eptir verðr, 494.4. to hold an office; hafa lögsögu, to hold the office of lögsaga, Íb. passim; hafa jarldóm, konungdóm, passim; þat höfðu haft at fornu Dana-konungar, Eg. 267; þér berit konunga-nöfn svá sem fyrr hafa haft ( have had) forfeðr yðrir, en hafit lítið af ríki, Fms. i. 52; hafa ríki, to reign, Hkr. pref.5. phrases, hafa elda, to keep a fire, cook, Fms. xi. 129; hafa fjárgæzlu, to tend sheep, Eg. 740; hafa embætti með höndum, Stj. 204; hafa gæzlur á e-u, Fms. ix. 313; hafa … vetr, to have so many winters, be of such an age (cp. Fr. avoir … ans), Íb. 15; margir höfðu lítið fátt þúsund ára, Ver. 7: hafa vörn í máli, Nj. 93; hafa e-t með höndum, to have in hand, Fms. viii. 280, ix. 239; hafa e-t á höndum, Grág. i. 38; hafa fyrir satt, to hold for true, Fms. xi. 10; hafa við orð, to intimate, suggest, Nj. 160; hafa e-t at engu, vettugi, to hold for naught, take no notice of, Fas. i. 318.6. with prepp. or infin.,α. with prep.; hafa til, to have, possess; ef annarr þeirra hefir til enn annarr eigi, þá er sá skyldr til at fá honum er til hefir, Grág. i. 33; ef annarr hefir til …, id.; þér ætlið at ek muna eigi afl til hafa, Ld. 28.β. with infin.; hafa at varðveita, to have in keeping, Eg. 500; lög hafit þér at mæla, you have the law on your tongue, i. e. you are right, Nj. 101; hörð tíðindi hefi ek at segja þér, 64; sá er gripinn hefir at halda, Grág. i. 438; hafa at selja, to have on sale, Ld. 28.III. to use; var haft til þess sker eitt, Eb. 12; þá höfðu þeir til varnar skot ok spjót, Fms. vii. 193; er þín ráð vóru höfð, that thy advice was taken, Fs. 57; Gríss hafði þessi ráð, Fms. iii. 21; ek vil at þat sé haft er ek legg til, x. 249; þykki mér þú vel hafa ( make good use of) þau tillög er ek legg fyrir þik, xi. 61; til þess alls er jarli þótti skipta, þá hafði hann þessa hluti, 129; tvau ný (net), ok hafa eigi höfð verit ( which have not been used), haf þú ( take) hvárt er þú vilt, Háv. 46; þær vil ek hafa enar nýju, en ek vil ekki hætta til at hafa enar fornu, id.; önnur er ný ok mikil ok hefir ( has) til einskis höfð ( used) verið, id.; buðkr er fyrir húslker er hafðr, Vm. 171; gjalda vápn þau er höfð eru, N. G. L. i. 75; þat hafði hann haft ( used) fyrir skála, Edda 29; þeir vóru hafðir til at festa með hús jafnan, Nj. 118; sá hólmr var hafðr til at …, Fms. i. 218; hann skyldi hafa hinn sama eið, x. 7; orð þau sem hann hafði ( had) um haft ( used), Nj. 56; orð þau er hann hafði ( made use of) í barnskírn, K. Þ. K. 14.2. more special phrases; hafa fagrmæli við e-n, to flatter one, Nj. 224; hafa hljóðmæli við e-n, to speak secretly to one, 223; allmikil fjölkyngi mun vera við höfð áðr svá fái gört, Edda 27; hafa mörg orð um e-t, Ld. 268; hafa tvímæli á e-u, to discuss, doubt, speak diffidently of a thing, Lv. 52; hafa viðrmæli um e-t, to use mocking words, Nj. 89; hafa nafn Drottins í hégóma, to take the Lord’s name in vain, Fms. i. 310; (hann var) mjök hafðr við mál manna, much used to, versed in lawsuits, Dropl. 8: hafa sik til e-s, to use oneself to a thing, i. e. to do a mean, paltry thing; þeir er til þess vilja hafa sik, at ganga í samkundur manna úboðit, Gþl. 200; ef hann vill sik til þessa hafa, Fms. i. 99: hafa sik við, to exert oneself; skaltú ok verða þik við at hafa um þetta mál, ef þú getr þat af þér fært, Grett. 160: hafa e-n at skotspæni, to use one as a target, Nj. 222; hafa e-n at hlífi-skildi sér, to use one as a shield, 262; hafa e-n at ginningar-fifli, auga-bragði, háði, hlátri, Hm. 133, Nj. 224, passim.IV. to have, hold, maintain, of a state or condition; hafa vináttu við e-n, to maintain friendship with one, Sks. 662; hafa vanmátt, to continue sick, Eg. 565; hafa hættu-mikit, to run a great risk, Nj. 149; hafa vitfirring, to be insane, Grág. i. 154; hafa heilindi, to have good health, 26, Hm. 67; hafa burði til e-s, to have the birthright to a thing. Eg. 479; hafa hug, áræði, hyggindi, to have the courage …, Hom. 28; hafa vit ( to know), skyn, greind … á e-u, to have understanding of a thing; hafa gaman, gleði, skemtun, ánægju af e-u, to have interest or pleasure in a thing; hafa leiða, ógeð, andstygð, hatr, óbeit á e-u, to dislike, be disgusted with, hate a thing; hafa elsku, mætr, virðing á e-u, to love, esteeem … a thing; hafa allan hug á e-u, to bend the mind to a thing; hafa grun á e-m, to suspect one; hafa ótta, beyg af e-u, to fear a thing; and in numberless other phrases.2. with prepp.:α. hafa e-t frammi (fram), to carry out, hold forth; hafa frammi róg, Nj. 166; hafa mál fram, to proceed with a suit, 101; stefnu-för, 78; heitstrengingar, Fms. xi. 103; ok öll lögmælt skil frammi hafa, and discharge all one’s official duties, 232; var um búit en ekki fram haft, all was made ready, but nothing done, viii. 113; beini má varla verða betri en hér er frammi hafðr, xi. 52; hafðú í frammi ( use) kúgan við þá uppi við fjöllin, Ísl. ii. 215; margir hlutir, þó at hann hafi í frammi, Sks. 276.β. hafa mikit, lítið fyrir e-u, to have much, little trouble about a thing; (hence fyrir-höfn, trouble.)γ. hafa við e-m (afl or the like understood), to be a match for one, Fms. vii. 170, Lv. 109, Nj. 89, Eg. 474, Anal. 176; hafa mikit, lítið við, to make a great, little display; (hence við-höfn, display, pomp); hann söng messu ok hafði mikit við, he sang mass and made a great thing of it, Nj. 157; þú hefir mikit við, thou makest a great show of it, Boll. 351; hann bað jarl leita, hann hafði lítið við þat, he did it lightly, Nj. 141; haf ekki slíkt við, do not say so, Ld. 182.B. To take, carry off, win, wield, [closely akin to Lat. capere]:I. to catch, take, esp. in the phrase, hafa ekki e-s, to miss one; hann kemsk á skóg undan, ok höfðu þeir hans ekki, he took to the forest and they missed him, Nj. 130; ekki munu vér hans hafa at sinni, we sha’nt catch him at present, Fms. vi. 278; hafða ek þess vætki vífs, Hm. 101; þeygi ek hana at heldr hefik, 95: in swearing, tröll, herr, gramir hafi þik, the trolls, ghosts, etc. take thee! tröll hafi líf, ef …, Kormak; tröll hafi Trefót allan! Grett. (in a verse); tröll hafi þína vini, tröll hafi hól þitt, Nj.; herr hafi Þóri til slægan, confound the wily Thorir! Fms. vi. 278, v. l. (emended, as the phrase is wrongly explained in Fms. xii. Gloss.); gramir hafi þik! vide gramr.II. to carry, carry off, bring; hafði einn hjartað í munni sér, one carried the heart off in his mouth, Nj. 95; hann hafði þat ( brought it) norðan með sér, Eg. 42; hafði Þórólfr heim marga dýrgripi, 4; hann hafði með sér skatt allan, 62; skaltú biðja hennar ok hafa hana heim hingat, Edda 22; fé þat er hann hafði ( had) út haft ( carried from abroad), Gullþ. 13; á fimm hestum höfðu þeir mat, Nj. 74; bókina er hann hafði ( had) út haft, Fms. vii. 156; konungr hafði biskup norðr til Björgynjar með sér, viii. 296; biskup lét hann hafa með sér kirkju-við ok járn-klukku, Landn. 42; hann hafði með sér skulda-lið sitt ok búferli, Eb. 8; hann tók ofan hofit, ok hafði með sér flesta viðu, id.; ok hafa hana í brott, Fms. i. 3; tekr upp barnit, ok hefir heim með sér, Ísl. ii. 20; hann hafði lög út hingat ór Noregi, he brought laws hither from Norway, Íb. 5; haf þú heim hvali til bæjar, Hým. 26; ok hafa hann til Valhallar, Nj. 119.III. to take, get; hann hafði þá engan mat né drykk, he took no food nor drink, Eg. 602; hann hafði eigi svefn, he got no sleep, Bs. i. 139.2. to get, gain, win; öfluðu sér fjár, ok höfðu hlutskipti mikit, Eg. 4; eigi þarftú at biðja viðsmjörs þess, þvíat hann mun þat alls ekki hafa, né þú, for neither he nor thou shall get it, Blas. 28; jarl vill hafa minn fund, he will have a meeting with me, 40, Skv. 1. 4: the sayings, hefir sá jafnan er hættir, he wins that risks, ‘nothing venture, nothing have,’ Hrafn. 16; sá hefir krás er krefr, Sl. 29.3. phrases, hafa meira hlut, to get the better lot, gain the day, Nj. 90, Fms. xi. 93; hafa gagn, sigr, to gain victory, ix. 132, Eg. 7, Hkr. i. 215, Ver. 38; hafa betr, to get the better; hafa verr, miðr, to have the worst of it, Fms. v. 86, Þorst. S. St. 48, passim; hafa mál sitt, to win one’s suit, Grág. i. 7, Fms. vii. 34; hafa kaup öll, to get all the bargain, Eg. 71; hafa tafl, to win the game, Fms. vii. 219; hafa erendi, to do one’s errand, succeed, Þkv. 10, 11, Fas. ii. 517: hafa bana, to have one’s bane, to die, Nj. 8; hafa úsigr, to be worsted, passim; hafa úfrið, to have no peace; hafa gagn, sóma, heiðr, neisu, óvirðing, skömm, etc. af e-u, to get profit, gain, honour, disgrace, etc. from a thing; hafa e-n í helju, to put one to death, Al. 123; hafa e-n undir, to get one under, subdue him, Nj. 95, 128; höfum eigi, sigrinn ór hendi, let not victory slip out of our hands, Fms. v. 294.4. to get, receive; hann hafði góðar viðtökur, Nj. 4; hón skal hafa sex-tigi hundraða, 3; skyldi Högni hafa land, 118; selja skipit, ef hann hafði þat fyrir ( if he could get for it) sem hann vildi; Flosi spurði í hverjum aurum hann vildi fyrir hafa, hann kvaðsk vildu fyrir hafa land, 259; hafa tíðindi, sögur af e-m, to have, get tidings of or from one, Ld. 28; hafa sæmd, metorð óvirðing, to get honour, disgrace from one’s hands, Nj. 101; hafa bætr, to get compensation, Grág. i. 188; hafa innstæðuna eina, id.; hafa af e-m, to have the best of one, cheat one.IV. to carry, wear, of clothes, ornaments, weapons:1. of clothes, [cp. Lat. habitus and Icel. höfn = gear]; hafa hatt á höfði, Ld. 28; hafa váskufl yztan klæða, … þú skalt hafa undir ( wear beneath) hin góðu klæði þín, Nj. 32; hann hafði blán kyrtil, … hann hafði svartan kyrtil, Boll. 358; hafa fald á höfði, to wear a hood; hón hafði gaddan rautt á höfði, Orkn. 304; hann hafði um sik breitt belti, he wore a broad belt, Nj. 91; hafa fingr-gull á hendi, 146: to have about one’s person, vefja saman ok hafa í pungi sínum, Edda 27; hlutir sem mönnum var títt at hafa, Fms. xi. 128.2. of weapons, to wield, carry; spjót þat er þú hefir í hendi, Boll. 350; hafa kylfu í hendi sér, to have a club in one’s hand, Fms. xi. 129; hafa staf í hendi, to have a stick in the hand, Bárð.; Gunnarr hafði atgeirinn ok sverðit, Kolskeggr hafði saxit, Hjörtr hafði alvæpni, Nj. 93; hann hafdi öxi snaghyrnda, Boll. 358; hann hafði kesjuna fyrir sér, he held the lance in rest, Eg. 532.V. here may be added a few special phrases; hafa hendr fyrir sér, to grope, feel with the hands (as in darkness); hafa vit fyrir sér, to act wisely; hafa at sér hendina, to draw one’s hand back, Stj. 198; hafa e-t eptir, to do or repeat a thing after one, Konr.; hafa e-t yfir, to repeat (of a lesson): hafa sik, to betake oneself; hafa sik til annarra landa, Grett. 9 new Ed.; hann vissi varla hvar hann átti at hafa sik, he knew not where ( whither) to betake himself, Bs. i. 807; hefir hann sik aptr á stað til munklífisins, Mar.C. Passing into the sense of hefja (see at the beginning); hafa e-t uppi, to heave up, raise; hafa flokk uppi, to raise a party, to rebel, Fb. ii. 89: hafa uppi færi, net, a fisherman’s term, to heave up, take up the net or line, Háv. 46; Skarphéðinn hafði uppi ( heaved up) öxina, Nj. 144: hafa uppi tafl, to play at a game, Vápn. 29; þar vóru mjök töfl uppi höfð ok sagna-skemtan, Þorf. Karl. 406, v. l.: hafa e-n uppi, to hold one up, bring him to light; svá máttu oss skjótast uppi hafa, Fær. 42: metaph. to reveal, vándr riddari hafði allt þegar uppi, Str. 10.2. with the notion to begin; Bárðr hafði uppi orð sín ( began his suit) ok bað Sigríðar, Eg. 26, Eb. 142; hafa upp stefnu, to begin the summons, Boll. 350; hafa upp ræður, to begin a discussion; ræður þær er hann hafði uppi haft við Ingigerði, Fms. iv. 144, where the older text in Ó. H. reads umræður þær er hann hafði upp hafit (from hefja), 59; cp. also Vsp., þat langniðja-tal mun uppi hafat (i. e. hafit) meðan öld lifir, 16, (cp. upp-haf, beginning); þó at ek hafa síðarr um-ræðu um hann, better þó at ek hafa (i. e. hefja) síðarr upp ræðu um hann, though I shall below treat of, discuss that, Skálda (Thorodd) 168; er lengi hefir uppi verit haft síðan (of a song), Nj. 135; cp. also phrases such as, hafa á rás, to begin running, take to one’s heels, Fms. iv. 120, ix. 490; næsta morgin hefir út fjörðinn, the next morning a breeze off land arose, Bs. ii. 48: opp. is the phrase, hafa e-t úti, to have done, finished; hafa úti sitt dags-verk, Fms. xi. 431; hafa úti sekt sína, Grett. 149.D. Passing into the sense of a lost strong verb, hafa, hóf (see at the beginning), to behave, do, act:I. with an adverb, hafa vel, ílla, or the like, to behave, and in some instances to do well or badly, be happy or unhappy,α. to behave; en nú vil ek eigi verr hafa en þú, Fms. iv. 342; þeir sögðu at konungr vildi verr hafa en þeir, 313; hefir þú ílla ór (málum or the like understood) haft við mik, Fs. 140; ólikr er Gísli öðrum í þolinmæði, ok hefir hann betr en vér, Gísl. 28.β. to do so and so (to be happy, unhappy); verr hafa þeir er trygðum slitu, Mkv. 3; ílla hefir sá er annan svíkr, 18; vel hefir sá er þat líða lætr, 6; vel hefir sá ( he is happy) er eigi bíðr slíkt íllt þessa heims, Fms. v. 145; hvílíkt hefir þú, how dost thou? Mar.; hafa hart, to do badly, to be wretched; at sál Þorgils mætti fyrir þær sakir eigi hart hafa, Sturl. iii. 292, Mar.; Ólafr hafði þá hölzti ílla, O. was very poorly, D. N. ii. 156; þykisk sá bezt hafa ( happiest) er fyrstr kemr heim, Fms. xi. 248; þá hefir hann bazt af hann þegir, i. e. that is the best he can do if he holds his tongue, Hm. 19; þess get ek at sá hafi verr ( he will make a bad bargain) er þik flytr, Nj. 128; úlfgi hefir ok vel, the wolf is in a bad plight, Ls. 39; mun sá betr hafa er eigi tekr við þér, id.; betr hefðir þú, ef …, thou wouldest do better, if …, Akv. 16.γ. adding sik; hafa sik vel, to behave well, Fms. x. 415, Stj. 436.II. with the prep. at, to do, act, (hence at-höfn, at-hæfi, act, doing); hann lét ekki til búa vígs-málit ok engan hlut at hafa, Nj. 71; en ef þeim þykkir of lítið féit tekit, þá skulu þeir hafa at hit sama, to act in the same way, Grág. ii. 267; hvatki es þeir hafa at, Fms. xi. 132; hann tók af þér konuna, en þú hafðir ekki at, but thou didst not stir, didst take it tamely, Nj. 33; bæði munu menn þetta kalla stórvirki ok íllvirki, en þó má nú ekki at hafa, but there is no help for it, 202; eigi sýnisk mér meðal-atferðar-leysi, at vér höfum eigi at um kvámur hans, i. e. that we submit tamely to his coming, Fs. 32: absol., viltú þess freista, ok vita þá hvat at hafi, wilt thou try and see how it will do? Bjarn. 27; en nú skaltú fara fyrir, ok vita hvat at hafi, Bs. i. 712.III. phrases, hafa hátt, to be noisy, talk loud, Fms. i. 66; við skulum ekki hafa hátt ( do not cry loud) hér er maðr á glugganum, a lullaby song; hafa lágt, to keep silent; hafa hægt, to keep quiet; hafa sik á (í) hófi, to compose oneself, Ls. 36; hafa í hótum við e-n, to use threatening ( foul) language, Fb. i. 312; hafa í glett við e-n, to banter one, Fms. viii. 289; hafa íllt at verki, to do a bad deed, Ísl. ii. 184.E. Passing into the sense of the verb hæfa (see at the beginning), to aim at, hit, with dat.:I. to hit; svá nær hafði hausinum, at …, the shot so nearly hit the head, that …, Fms. ii. 272; þat sama forað, sem henni hafði næst váða, those very precipices from which she had so narrow an escape, Bs. i. 200, Fms. ix. 357; nær hafði nú, at skjótr mundi verða okkarr skilnaðr, Al. 124; nær hafði okkr nú, it struck near us, it was a narrow escape, Fms. viii. 281; kvaðsk svá dreymt hafa ( have dreamed), at þeim mundi nær hafa, ix. 387, v. l.; ok er nær hafði at skipit mundi fljóta, when the ship was on the point of floating, Ld. 58; ok hafði svá nær (it was within a hair’s breadth), at frændr Þorvalds mundu ganga at honum, Nj. 160; ok hafði svá nær at þeir mundi berjask, Íb. 11, cp. Bs. i. 21: the phrase, fjarri hefir, far from it! Edda (in a verse).2. to charge; eigi em ek þar fyrir sönnu hafðr, I am not truly aimed at for that, ‘tis a false charge, Eg. 64; þeim manni er fyrir sökum er hafðr, i. e. the culprit, Grág. i. 29; cp. the mod. phrase, hafa á e-u, to make a charge of a thing; það varð ekki á því haft, they could not make a case for a charge of it.II. metaph. to be the ground or reason for, (hence til-hæfa, reason, fact, foundation); til þess ætla vitrir menn þat haft at Ísland sé Tile (i. e. Thule) kallað, at …, learned men suppose that is the reason that Iceland is called Thule, that …, Landn. (pref.); mikit mun til haft, er einmæli er um (there must be some reason for it, because all people say so), Þorgils segir, eigi er fyrir haft ( there is no ground whatever for it), at ek mæla betr fyrir griðum en aðrir menn, Ísl. ii. 379; vér hyggjum þat til þess haft vera, at þar hafi menn sésk, we believe the substance of the story is that men have been seen there, Fms. xi. 158; hvat er til þess haft um þat (what is the truth of the matter?), hefir sundr-þykki orðit með ykkr? Boll. 364: in the saying, hefir hverr til síns ágætis nokkut, every one gets his reputation for something, Nj. 115.2. to happen, coincide; hefir svá til, at hann var þar sjálfr, Fms. xi. 138, v. l.β. the phrase, hafa mikit (lítið) til síns máls, to have much ( little) reason for one’s tale, i. e. to be much, little, in the right, Fms. vii. 221, xi. 138 (v. l.), Nj. 88: um þenna hefir svá stórum, it matters so much with this man, (v. l. for mun stórum skipta), Fms. xi. 311.F. REFLEX. to keep, dwell, abide, but only of a temporary shelter or abode, cp. Lat. habitare, (cp. also höfn, a haven); hann hefsk á náttartíma niðri í vötnum, at night-time he keeps down in the water, Stj. 77: to live, þeir höfðusk mjök í kaupferðum, they spent much of their life in travelling, Hkr. i. 276; hann hafðisk löngum í bænum, Bs. i. 353.β. with prep. við; hér mun ek við hafask ( I will stay here) en þú far til konungs, Fb. ii. 125; hafðisk hann við á skógum eðr í öðrum fylgsnum, 302; því at hann hafðisk þá á skipum við, Fms. viii. 44; hvílsk heldr ok hafsk við í því landi, rest and stay in that land, Stj. 162; Ásgeirr hafðisk við uppi í dalnum, Sd. 154; hafask lind fyrir, to cover oneself with a shield (?), Vsp. 50; hafask hlífar fyrir, to be mailed in armour, Hkm. 11.2. hafask at, to do, behave (cp. D. above); vóru þeir þá svá móðir, at þeir máttu ekki at hafask, Fms. ii. 149; en síðan skulut þér at hafa slíkt sem ek kann fyrir segja, i. 158; þat eitt munu við at hafask, at ek mun betr göra en þú, Nj. 19; Lambi sá hvat Steinarr hafðisk at, Eg. 747.3. hafask vel, to do well, thrive; vaxa ok vel hafask, to wax and do well, Hm. 142; nú er þat bæn mín, at þér hafisk við vel, that you bear yourself well up, Fms. ix. 497; Jungfrúin hafðisk vel við í ferðinni, x. 86; at fé hans mundi eigi hafask at betr at meðal-vetri, Grág. ii. 326.4. recipr., hafask orð við, to speak to one another; ok er þat ósiðlegt, at menn hafisk eigi orð við, Fs. 14; þar til er þeir hafask réttar tölur við, N. G. L. i. 182.II. part. hafandi is used in the sense of having conceived, being with child; þá verit hann varr við at hón var hafandi, 656 B. 14; hón skyldi verða hafandi at Guðs syni, id.; generally, allt þat er hafanda var lét burð sinn ok ærðisk, Fms. vii. 187; svá sem hón verðr at honum hafandi, Stj. 178; (hence barns-hafandi, being with child.)G. The word hafa is in the Icel., as in other Teut. languages, used as an auxiliary verb with a part. pass. of another verb, whereby a compound preterite and pluperfect are formed as follows:I. in transitive verbs with acc. the participle also was put in acc., agreeing in gender, number, and case with the objective noun or pronoun; this seems to have been a fixed rule in the earliest time, and is used so in all old poems down at least to the middle of the 11th century, to the time of Sighvat (circ. A. D. 990–1040), who constantly used the old form,—átt is an apostrophe for átta in the verse Ó. H. 81:1. references from poets, Gm. 5, 12, 16; þá er forðum mik fædda höfðu, Vsp. 2; hverr hefði lopt lævi blandit eðr ætt jötuns Óðs mey gefna, 29; þær’s í árdaga áttar höfðu, 60: ek hafða fengna konungs reiði, Ad. 3; en Grjótbjörn um gnegðan hefir, 18; mik hefir marr miklu ræntan, Stor. 10; þó hefir Míms-vinr mér um fengnar bölva bætr, 22: gaupur er Haraldr hafi sveltar, Hornklofi: Loka mær hefir leikinn allvald, Ýt. 7; sá hafði borinn brúna-hörg, 14; jarlar höfðu veginn hann, 15: ek hef orðinn ( found) þann guðföðr (verða is here used as trans.), Hallfred; höfum kera framðan, id.: hann hefir litnar, sénar, hár bárur, Ísl. ii. 223, thus twice in a verse of A. D. 1002; göngu hefik of gengna, Korm. (in a verse); hann hafði farna för, Hkr. i. (Glum Geirason); ek hefi talðar níu orustur, Sighvat; þú hefir vanðan þik, id.; ér hafit rekna þá braut, Ó. H. 63 (Óttar Svarti); hann hefir búnar okkr hendr skrautliga, Sighvat (Ó. H. 13); þeir hafa færð sín höfuð Knúti, id.; hvar hafit ér hugðan mér sess, id.; hafa sér kenndan enn nørðra heims enda, id.; Sighvatr hefir lattan gram, id.; hefir þú hamar um fólginn, Þkv. 7, 8; þú hefir hvatta okkr, Gkv. 6; ek hefi yðr brennda, Am. 39, cp. 56; hefi ek þik minntan, 81; hefir þú hjörtu tuggin, Akv. 36; hefir þú mik dvalðan, Hbl. 51; ek hefi hafðar þrár, I have had throes, Fsm. 51; en ek hann görvan hef-k, svá hefi ek studdan, 12 (verse 13 is corrupt); hann hefir dvalða þik, Hkv. Hjörv. 29; lostna, 30; mik hefir sóttan meiri glæpr, 32; ek hefi brúði kerna, id.; þú hefir etnar úlfa krásir, opt sár sogin, Hkv. 1. 36; sá er opt hefir örnu sadda, 35; hefir þú kannaða koni óneisa, 23; þá er mik svikna höfðut, Skv. 3. 55; hann hafði getna sonu, Bkv. 8; þann sal hafa halir um görvan, Fm. 42; bróður minn hefir þú benjaðan, 25; er hann ráðinn hefir, 37; sjaldan hefir þú gefnar vargi bráðir, Eg. (in a verse).2. references from prose; this old form has since been turned into an indecl. neut. sing. part. -it. The old form was first lost in the strong verbs and the weak verbs of the first conjugation: in the earliest prose both forms are used, although the indecl. is more freq. even in the prose writers, as Íb., the Heiðarv. S., the Miracle-book in Bs., Njála, Ó. H., (Thorodd seems only to use the old form,) as may be seen from the following references, Björn hafði særða þrjá menn, Nj. 262; hann mundi hana hafa gipta honum, 47; hann hafði þá leidda saman hestana, 264: ek hefi sendan mann, Ísl. (Heiðarv. S.) ii. 333; ek nefi senda menn, id.: hafa son sinn ór helju heimtan, Bs. (Miracle-book) i. 337; en er þeir höfðu niðr settan sveininn, 349; hann hafði veidda fimm tegu fiska, 350: er þér hefir ílla neisu gorva, Ó. H. 107: þá hefi ek fyrri setta þá í stafrófi, Skálda (Thorodd) 161; þar hefi ek við görva þessa stafi fjóra, id.; hafa hann samsettan, 167: góða fylgd hefir þú mér veitta, Þorst Síðu H. 2: sagði, at Ólafr konungr hafði sendan hann, Bs. i. 11: Þyri, er hertogi hafði festa nauðga, Fms. x. 393 (Ágrip): hefi ek þá svá signaða ok magnaða, v. 236: hefir sólin gengna tvá hluti, en einn úgenginn, K. Þ. K. 92 (Lund’s Syntax, p. 12).β. again, neut. indecl., hana hafði átt fyrr Þoróddr, Ísl. ii. 192: hón hafði heimt húskarl sinn …, Ísl. (Heiðarv. S.) ii. 339; hann hefir ekki svá vel gyrt hest minn, 340; hefir þú eigi séð mik, 341; hve hann hafði lokkat hann. id.; gistingar hefi ek yðr fengit, 343: þeir höfðu haft úfrið ok orrostur, Íb. 12; hann hafði tekið lögsögu, 14: stafr er átt hafði Þorlákr, Bs. (Miracle-book) i. 340; er þær höfðu upp tekit ketilinn ok hafit …, 342; göngu es hann hafði gingit, 344; es sleggjuna hafði niðr fellt, 346; sem maðr hefði nýsett (hana) niðr, id.; jartein þá er hann þóttisk fingit hafa, 347; hafði prestrinn fært fram sveininn, 349: hjálm er Hreiðmarr hafði átt, Edda 73: hafa efnt sína heitstrenging, Fms. (Jómsv. S.) xi. 141: slíkan dóm sem hann hafði mér hugat, Ó. H. 176, etc. passim:—at last the inflexion disappeared altogether, and so at the present time the indecl. neut. sing. is used throughout; yet it remains in peculiar instances, e. g. konu hefi eg mér festa, Luke xiv. 20, cp. Vídal. ii. 21. ☞ This use of the inflexive part. pass. may often serve as a test of the age of a poem, e. g. that Sólarljóð was composed at a later date may thus be seen from verses 27, 64, 72, 73, 75, 79; but this test is to be applied with caution, as the MSS. have in some cases changed the true forms (-inn, -ann, and -it, -an being freq. abbreviated in the MSS. so as to render the reading dubious). In many cases the old form is no doubt to be restored, e. g. in vegit to veginn, Fm. 4, 23; búit to búinn, Hkv. Hjörv. 15; borit to borinn, Hkv. 1. 1; beðit to beðinn, Fsm. 48; orðit to orðin, Og. 23; roðit to roðinn, Em. 5; brotið to brotinn, Vkv. 24, etc.: but are we to infer from Ls. 23, 26, 33, that this poem is of a comparatively late age?II. the indecl. neut. sing. is, both in the earliest poems and down to the present day, used in the following cases:1. with trans. verbs requiring the dat. or gen.; ek hefi fengit e-s, hann hafði fengit konu; hafa hefnt e-s, Fms. xi. 25; sú er hafði beðit fjár, Þkv. 32; stillir hefir stefnt mér, Hkv. Hjörv. 33, and so in endless cases.2. in the reflex. part. pass.; þeir (hann) hafa (hefir) látisk, farisk, sagsk, etc.3. in part. of intrans. neut. verbs, e. g. þeir þær (hann, hón), hafa (hefir) setið, staðit, gengit, legit, farit, komit, verit, orðit, lifað, dáit, heitið …, also almost in every line both of prose and poetry.4. in trans. verbs with a neut. sing. in objective case the difference cannot be seen.☞ The compound preterite is common to both the Romance and Teutonic languages, and seems to be older in the former than in the latter; Grimm suggests that it originated with the French, and thence spread to the Teutons. That it was not natural to the latter is shewn by the facts, thatα. no traces of it are found in Gothic, nor in the earliest Old High German glossaries to Latin words.β. in the earliest Scandinavian poetry we can trace its passage from declinable to indeclinable.γ. remains are left in poetry of a primitive uncompounded preterite infinitive, e. g. stóðu = hafa staðit, mundu, skyldu, vildu, etc., see Gramm. p. xxv, col. 2. ☞ We may here note a curious dropping of the verb hefir, at ek em kominn hingat til lands, ok verit áðr ( having been) langa hríð utan-lands, Ó. H. 31, cp. Am. 52; barn at aldri, en vegit slíka hetju sem Þorvaldr var, Glúm. 382. On this interesting matter see Grimm’s remarks in his Gramm. iv. 146 sqq. -
33 rate
1. noun1) (proportion) Rate, dieincrease at a rate of 50 a week — [um] 50 pro Woche anwachsen
rate of inflation/absentee rate — Inflations-/Abwesenheitsrate, die
2) (tariff) Satz, derinterest/ taxation rate, rate of interest/taxation — Zins-/Steuersatz, der
3) (amount of money) Gebühr, dierate [of pay] — Lohnsatz, der
letter/parcel rate — Briefporto, das/Paketgebühr, die
at reduced rate — gebührenermäßigt [Drucksache]
at a good/fast/dangerous rate — zügig/mit hoher Geschwindigkeit/gefährlich schnell
5) (Brit.): (local authority levy)[local or council] rates — Gemeindeabgaben
6) (coll.)at any rate — (at least) zumindest; wenigstens; (whatever happens) auf jeden Fall
at this rate we won't get any work done — so kriegen wir gar nichts fertig (ugs.)
2. transitive verbat the rate you're going,... — (fig.) wenn du so weitermachst,...
1) (estimate worth of) schätzen [Vermögen]; einschätzen [Intelligenz, Leistung, Fähigkeit]rate somebody/something highly — jemanden/etwas hoch einschätzen
be rated the top tennis player in Europe — als der beste Tennisspieler Europas gelten
3) (Brit.): (value)the house is rated at £100 a year — die Grundlage für die Berechnung der Gemeindeabgaben für das Haus beträgt 100 Pfund pro Jahr
4) (merit) verdienen [Auszeichnung, Erwähnung]3. intransitive verb* * *[reit] 1. noun1) (the number of occasions within a given period of time when something happens or is done: a high (monthly) accident rate in a factory.) die Rate2) (the number or amount of something (in relation to something else); a ratio: There was a failure rate of one pupil in ten in the exam.) die Quote3) (the speed with which something happens or is done: He works at a tremendous rate; the rate of increase/expansion.) die Geschwindigkeit4) (the level (of pay), cost etc (of or for something): What is the rate of pay for this job?) der Satz5) ((usually in plural) a tax, especially, in United Kingdom, paid by house-owners etc to help with the running of their town etc.) die Kommunalsteuer2. verb(to estimate or be estimated, with regard to worth, merit, value etc: I don't rate this book very highly; He doesn't rate very highly as a dramatist in my estimation.) einschätzen, gelten als- academic.ru/60358/rating">rating- at this
- at that rate
- rate of exchange* * *[reɪt]I. nat a fast/slow \rate schnell/langsamat a tremendous \rate rasend schnellat one's own \rate in seinem eigenen Rhythmus [o Tempo]\rate of growth Wachstumsrate fin the winter months there is usually a rise in the \rate of absenteeism in den Wintermonaten kommt es gewöhnlich zu einer Zunahme der Ausfällegrowth/inflation \rate Wachstums-/Inflationsrate fmortality \rate Sterblichkeitsrate f, Sterblichkeitsziffer funemployment \rate Arbeitslosenrate f, Arbeitslosenzahlen plwe agreed a \rate with the painter before he started work wir haben einen Stundensatz mit dem Maler vereinbart, bevor er mit der Arbeit begannthe going \rate die übliche Bezahlungfixed/variable \rate fester/variabler Zinssatzhigh/low \rate of interest/taxation [or interest/taxation \rate] hoher/niedriger Zins-/Steuersatzinterest \rates have risen again die Zinsen sind wieder gestiegenthe country has a high taxation \rate in dem Land sind die Steuern sehr hoch\rate of return Rendite fexchange \rate [or \rate of exchange] Wechselkurs mto calculate costs on a fixed exchange \rate die Kosten berechnen anhand eines festen Wechselkursescross \rate Kreuzkurs mforward \rate Devisenterminkurs mmanaged \rate FIN kontrollierter Kursseller's \rate Verkaufskurs m▪ \rates pl Haus- und Grundsteuern pl9.I don't think they liked my idea — at any \rate, they didn't show much enthusiasm ich glaube nicht, dass sie meine Idee gut fanden — zumindest zeigten sie keine große Begeisterung▶ at this \rate unter diesen UmständenII. vt1. (regard)▪ to \rate sb/sth jdn/etw einschätzenhow do you \rate the new government? was halten Sie von der neuen Regierung?she is \rated very highly by the people she works for die Leute, für die sie arbeitet, halten große Stücke auf sieshe \rates him among her closest friends sie zählt ihn zu ihren engsten Freunden▪ to \rate sb as sth:what do you think of her as a singer? — I don't really \rate her wie findest du sie als Sängerin? — nicht so toll fam2. (be worthy of)to \rate a mention der Rede wert [o erwähnenswert] seinthey \rate the property in this area very heavily Immobilienbesitz in dieser Gegend wird sehr hoch besteuert4. COMPUT▪ to \rate sth etw abschätzenIII. vi▪ to \rate as sth als etw geltenthat \rates as the worst film I've ever seen das war so ziemlich der schlechteste Film, den ich jemals gesehen habe* * *I [reɪt]1. nan hour/14 feet per minute —
rate of flow (of water, electricity) — Fluss m
pulse rate — Puls m
rate, at a rate of knots (inf) — in irrsinnigem Tempo (inf); (move also) mit hundert Sachen
if you continue at this rate (lit, fig) — wenn du so weitermachst, wenn du in diesem Tempo weitermachst
at the rate you're going you'll be dead before long — wenn du so weitermachst, bist du bald unter der Erde
at any rate —
at that rate, I suppose I'll have to agree — wenn das so ist, muss ich wohl zustimmen
rate of pay for overtime — Satz m für Überstunden
postage/advertising/insurance rates — Post-/Werbe-/Versicherungsgebühren pl
to pay sb at the rate of £10 per hour — jdm einen Stundenlohn von £ 10 bezahlen
See:→ water rate2. vt1) (= estimate value or worth of) (ein)schätzento rate sb/sth among... — jdn/etw zu... zählen or rechnen
to rate sb/sth as sth — jdn/etw für etw halten
he is generally rated as a great statesman — er gilt allgemein als großer Staatsmann
to rate sb/sth highly — jdn/etw hoch einschätzen
Shearer was rated at £1,000,000 — Shearers Preis wurde auf £ 1.000.000 geschätzt
2) (Brit LOCAL GOVERNMENT) veranlagen3) (= deserve) verdienendoes this hotel rate 3 stars? — verdient dieses Hotel 3 Sterne?
I think he rates a pass ( mark) — ich finde, seine Leistung kann man mit "ausreichend" oder besser bewerten
4) (inf: think highly of) gut finden (inf)I really/don't really rate him — ich finde ihn wirklich gut/mag ihn nicht besonders
3. vi(= be classed)to rate as... — gelten als...
IIto rate among... — zählen zu...
vt (liter)See:= berate* * *rate1 [reıt]A s1. (Verhältnis)Ziffer f, Quote f, Rate f:rate of growth (inflation) WIRTSCH Wachstums-(Inflations)rate;rate of increase WIRTSCH Zuwachsrate;rate of increase in the cost of living Teuerungsrate;at the rate of im Verhältnis von ( → A 2, A 6)2. (Steuer- etc)Satz m, Kurs m, Tarif m:rate of exchange WIRTSCH Umrechnungs-, Wechselkurs;rate of interest Zinssatz, -fuß m;carry a high rate of interest hoch verzinst werden;rate of issue Ausgabekurs;rate of the day Tageskurs;at the rate of zum Satze von ( → A 1, A 6)at a cheap (high) rate zu einem niedrigen (hohen) Preis;at that rate unter diesen Umständen;a) auf jeden Fall, unter allen Umständen,b) wenigstens, mindestens4. (Post-, Strom- etc)Gebühr f, Porto n, (Gas-, Strom)Preis m, (Wasser)Geld n5. Br Kommunalsteuer f, Gemeindeabgabe f:rates and taxes Kommunal- und Staatssteuernrate of an engine Motorleistung f;at the rate of mit einer Geschwindigkeit von ( → A 1, A 2)7. Grad m, (Aus)Maß n:at a fearful rate in erschreckendem Ausmaß9. SCHIFFa) (Schiffs)Klasse fb) Dienstgrad m (eines Matrosen)10. Gang m oder Abweichung f (einer Uhr)B v/t1. (ab-, ein)schätzen, taxieren (at auf akk), bewerten, einstufen2. jemanden einschätzen, beurteilen:rate sb highly jemanden hoch einschätzen3. betrachten als, halten für:he is rated a rich man er gilt als reicher Mann4. rechnen, zählen ( beide:among zu):6. Bra) (zur Kommunalsteuer) veranlagenb) besteuern7. SCHIFFa) ein Schiff klassenb) einen Seemann einstufen8. eine Uhr regulieren9. etwas wert sein, verdienenC v/i1. angesehen werden, gelten ( beide:as als):2. zählen ( among zu)rate2 [reıt] v/t ausschimpfen* * *1. noun1) (proportion) Rate, dieincrease at a rate of 50 a week — [um] 50 pro Woche anwachsen
rate of inflation/absentee rate — Inflations-/Abwesenheitsrate, die
2) (tariff) Satz, derinterest/ taxation rate, rate of interest/taxation — Zins-/Steuersatz, der
3) (amount of money) Gebühr, dierate [of pay] — Lohnsatz, der
letter/parcel rate — Briefporto, das/Paketgebühr, die
at reduced rate — gebührenermäßigt [Drucksache]
at a or the rate of 50 mph — mit [einer Geschwindigkeit von] 80 km/h
at a good/fast/dangerous rate — zügig/mit hoher Geschwindigkeit/gefährlich schnell
5) (Brit.): (local authority levy)[local or council] rates — Gemeindeabgaben
6) (coll.)at any rate — (at least) zumindest; wenigstens; (whatever happens) auf jeden Fall
2. transitive verbat the rate you're going,... — (fig.) wenn du so weitermachst,...
1) (estimate worth of) schätzen [Vermögen]; einschätzen [Intelligenz, Leistung, Fähigkeit]rate somebody/something highly — jemanden/etwas hoch einschätzen
2) (consider) betrachten; rechnen ( among zu)3) (Brit.): (value)the house is rated at £100 a year — die Grundlage für die Berechnung der Gemeindeabgaben für das Haus beträgt 100 Pfund pro Jahr
4) (merit) verdienen [Auszeichnung, Erwähnung]3. intransitive verb* * *(of exchange) n.Devisenkurs m.Kurs -e m. (stocks) n.Anteil -e m.Frequenz -en f.Kurs -e (Aktien...) m.Quote -n f.Tarif -e m.Verhältnis n. v.bewerten v.einstufen v. -
34 think
think [θɪŋk]penser ⇒ 1 (a), 1 (b), 1 (d), 2 (b), 2 (f) raisonner ⇒ 1 (a) réfléchir ⇒ 1 (b), 3 (s')imaginer ⇒ 1 (c), 2 (d) croire ⇒ 1 (d), 2 (b) juger ⇒ 2 (c) considérer ⇒ 2 (c) penser à ⇒ 2 (a), 2 (e) réfléchir à ⇒ 2 (a) se rappeler ⇒ 2 (e) s'attendre à ⇒ 2 (f)(pt & pp thought [θɔ:t])∎ to think for oneself se faire ses propres opinions;∎ sorry, I wasn't thinking clearly désolé, je n'avais pas les idées claires;∎ to think aloud penser tout haut;∎ familiar to think big voir les choses en grand□ ;∎ she always thinks big elle voit toujours les choses en grand;∎ think big! sois ambitieux!□ ;∎ to think on one's feet réfléchir vite;∎ you couldn't hear yourself think il n'était pas possible de se concentrer;∎ I can't think straight with this headache ce mal de tête m'embrouille les idées(b) (ponder, reflect) penser, réfléchir;∎ he thought for a moment il a réfléchi un instant;∎ she doesn't say much but she thinks a lot elle ne dit pas grand-chose, mais elle n'en pense pas moins;∎ think before you speak réfléchissez avant de parler;∎ you just don't think, do you! (are inconsiderate, careless etc) jamais tu ne réfléchis, hein!;∎ let me think laisse-moi réfléchir;∎ think carefully before deciding réfléchissez bien avant de vous décider;∎ I thought hard j'ai beaucoup réfléchi;∎ I thought twice before accepting j'ai réfléchi à deux fois avant d'accepter;∎ to act without thinking agir sans réfléchir;∎ I'm sorry, I wasn't thinking désolé, je l'ai fait/dit sans réfléchir;∎ it makes you think ça vous fait réfléchir;∎ that's what set me thinking c'est ce qui m'a fait réfléchir∎ if you think I'd lend you my car again… si tu t'imagines que je te prêterai encore ma voiture…;∎ just think! imaginez(-vous) un peu!;∎ just think, you might have married him! imagine(-toi) que tu aurais pu l'épouser!(d) (believe, have as opinion) penser, croire;∎ she thinks as I do elle pense comme moi;∎ to her way of thinking à son avis;∎ it's a lot harder than I thought c'est beaucoup plus difficile que je ne croyais(a) (ponder, reflect on) penser à, réfléchir à;∎ he was thinking what they could do next il se demandait ce qu'ils allaient pouvoir faire ensuite;∎ I'm thinking how to go about it je me demande comment il faudrait s'y prendre;∎ I was just thinking how ironic it all is je pensais simplement à l'ironie de la chose;∎ guess what we're thinking essaye de deviner à quoi nous pensons;∎ I kept thinking "why me?" je n'arrêtais pas de me dire: pourquoi moi?;∎ I'm happy to think she's not all alone je suis content de savoir qu'elle n'est pas toute seule;∎ to think deep/evil thoughts avoir des pensées profondes/de mauvaises pensées∎ I think so je crois;∎ I don't think so, I think not je ne crois pas;∎ he's a crook - I thought so or I thought as much c'est un escroc - je m'en doutais;∎ I should think so! je crois bien!;∎ do you think they'll agree? - I should think so croyez-vous qu'ils accepteront? - je pense que oui;∎ he's going to apologize - I should think so (too)! il va s'excuser - j'espère bien!;∎ he apologized - I should think so (too)! il s'est excusé - ce n'est pas trop tôt!;∎ I shouldn't think so je ne crois pas;∎ I think you mean Johnson, not Boswell je crois que tu veux dire Johnson, pas Boswell;∎ more tea? - I don't think I will, thank you encore un peu de thé? - non merci, je ne pense pas;∎ she didn't think he would actually leave elle ne pensait pas qu'il partirait vraiment;∎ she thinks you should leave town elle croit que tu devrais quitter la ville;∎ they asked me what I thought ils m'ont demandé mon avis;∎ what does he think I should do? que pense-t-il ou croit-il que je doive faire?;∎ he wants cream walls - what do you think? il veut des murs crème - qu'est-ce que tu en penses?;∎ I thought I heard a noise j'ai cru ou il m'a semblé entendre un bruit;∎ it's expensive, don't you think? c'est cher, tu ne trouves pas?;∎ familiar oh, he's so honest, I don't think! honnête, mon œil, oui!;∎ I don't know what to think je ne sais pas quoi penser;∎ he thinks he knows everything il croit tout savoir;∎ she thinks she's talented elle se croit ou se trouve douée;∎ that's what you think! tu te fais des illusions!;∎ what will people think? qu'en dira-t-on?, qu'est-ce que les gens vont penser?;∎ it is thought that… on suppose que… + indicative;∎ anyone would think he owned the place on croirait que c'est lui le propriétaire;∎ anybody would think it was Sunday on dirait un dimanche;∎ (just) who does he think he is? (mais) pour qui se prend-il?;∎ you always think the best/the worst of everyone vous avez toujours une très bonne/mauvaise opinion de tout le monde(c) (judge, consider) juger, considérer;∎ we think the rule unfair nous trouvons le règlement injuste;∎ you must think me very nosy vous devez me trouver très curieux;∎ everyone thought he was mad on le tenait pour fou;∎ she is thought to be one of the best on dit qu'elle fait partie des meilleurs;∎ you thought her (to be) a fool vous l'avez prise pour une sotte;∎ if you think it necessary si vous le jugez nécessaire;∎ I hardly think it likely that… il me semble peu probable que… + subjunctive∎ I can't think why he refused je ne vois vraiment pas pourquoi il a refusé;∎ you'd think she'd be pleased elle devrait être contente;∎ one would have thought that… c'était à croire que…+ indicative;∎ who'd have thought he'd become president! qui aurait dit qu'elle serait un jour président!;∎ who'd have thought it! qui l'eût cru!;∎ just think what we can do with all that money! imaginez ce qu'on peut faire avec tout cet argent!;∎ I can't think what you mean je n'arrive pas à comprendre ou voir ce que vous voulez dire;∎ and to think she did it all by herself et dire ou quand on pense qu'elle a fait cela toute seule(e) (remember) penser à, se rappeler;∎ I can't think what his name is je n'arrive pas à me rappeler son nom, son nom m'échappe;∎ he couldn't think which countries belonged to the EU il n'arrivait pas à se rappeler quels pays étaient membres de l'UE;∎ to think to do sth penser à faire qch;∎ they didn't think to invite her ils n'ont pas pensé à l'inviter;∎ did you think to buy some bread? as-tu pensé à acheter du pain?∎ I don't think she'll come je ne pense pas qu'elle viendra ou vienne;∎ I didn't think to find you here je ne m'attendais pas à vous trouver ici;∎ I little thought I would see him again je ne m'attendais guère à le revoir∎ I think I'll go for a walk je crois que je vais aller me promener;∎ esp literary I only thought to help you ma seule pensée était de vous aider∎ do you think you could help me? pourriez-vous m'aider?∎ designers are thinking pink le rose, c'est la couleur in chez les stylistes;∎ the company is thinking expansion le maître mot dans la société, c'est expansion□ ;∎ think thin! pensez minceur!3 noun∎ to have a think réfléchir;∎ we've had a think about it nous y avons réfléchi;∎ she had a good think about their offer elle a bien réfléchi à leur proposition;∎ I'll have another think about it je vais encore y réfléchir;∎ familiar you've got another think coming! tu te fais des illusions!►► think tank groupe m de réflexion(a) (ponder, reflect on)∎ to think about sth/doing sth penser à qch/à faire qch;∎ what are you thinking about? à quoi pensez-vous?;∎ we were just thinking about the holidays nous pensions justement aux vacances;∎ I've thought about your proposal j'ai réfléchi à votre proposition;∎ it's not a bad idea, if you think about it ce n'est pas une mauvaise idée, si tu réfléchis bien;∎ that's worth thinking about cela mérite réflexion;∎ she's thinking about starting a business elle pense à ou envisage de monter une affaire;∎ we'll think about it nous allons y penser ou réfléchir;∎ she has a lot to think about just now elle est très préoccupée en ce moment;∎ there's so much to think about when you buy a house il y a tant de choses à prendre en considération quand on achète une maison;∎ the conference gave us much to think about la conférence nous a donné matière à réflexion;∎ I'll give you something to think about! je vais te donner de quoi réfléchir!(b) (consider seriously) penser à;∎ all he thinks about is money il n'y a que l'argent qui l'intéresse;∎ he's always thinking about food - what else is there to think about? il ne pense qu'à manger - c'est ce qu'il y a de plus intéressant, non?;∎ I've got my family/future to think about il faut que je pense à ma famille/mon avenir(c) (have opinion about) penser de;∎ what do you think about him? que pensez-vous de lui?;∎ what do you think about it? qu'en pensez-vous?prévoir;∎ you have to learn to think ahead il faut apprendre à prévoir∎ to think back to sth se rappeler qch;∎ think back to that night essayez de vous souvenir de ou vous rappeler cette nuit-là;∎ I thought back over the years j'ai repensé aux années passées;∎ when I think back quand j'y repense(a) (have as tentative plan) penser à, envisager de;∎ she's thinking of starting a business elle pense à ou envisage de monter une affaire;∎ what were you thinking of giving her? que pensais-tu lui donner?(b) (have in mind) penser à;∎ we're thinking of you nous pensons à toi;∎ I was thinking of how much times have changed je songeais combien les temps ont changé;∎ whatever were you thinking of? où avais-tu la tête?;∎ come to think of it, that's not a bad idea à la réflexion, ce n'est pas une mauvaise idée;∎ we wouldn't think of letting our daughter travel alone il ne nous viendrait pas à l'esprit de laisser notre fille voyager seule;∎ I couldn't think of it! c'est impossible!(c) (remember) penser à, se rappeler;∎ I can't think of the address je n'arrive pas à me rappeler l'adresse;∎ he couldn't think of the name il ne se rappelait pas le nom, le nom ne lui venait pas;∎ that makes me think of my childhood ça me rappelle mon enfance(d) (come up with → idea, solution)∎ she's the one who thought of double-checking it c'est elle qui a eu l'idée de le vérifier;∎ it's the only way they could think of doing it ils ne voyaient pas d'autre façon de s'y prendre;∎ try every method you can think of essayez toutes les méthodes que vous puissiez imaginer;∎ I thought of the answer j'ai trouvé la réponse;∎ I've just thought of something, she'll be out j'avais oublié ou je viens de me rappeler, elle ne sera pas là;∎ I've just thought of something else il y a autre chose ou ce n'est pas tout;∎ I'd never have thought of that je n'y aurais jamais pensé;∎ why didn't you phone? - I didn't think of it pourquoi n'avez-vous pas téléphoné? - je n'y ai pas pensé;∎ whatever will they think of next? qu'est-ce qu'ils vont bien pouvoir trouver ensuite?;∎ think of a number between 1 and 10 pensez à un chiffre entre 1 et 10;∎ I thought better of it je me suis ravisé;∎ to think better of sb for doing sth estimer qn davantage d'avoir ou pour avoir fait qch;∎ he thought nothing of leaving the baby alone for hours at a time il trouvait (ça) normal de laisser le bébé seul pendant des heures;∎ thank you - think nothing of it! merci - mais je vous en prie ou mais c'est tout naturel!(e) (judge, have as opinion)∎ what do you think of the new teacher? comment trouvez-vous le ou que pensez-vous du nouveau professeur?;∎ what do you think of it? qu'en pensez-vous?;∎ she thinks very highly of or very well of him elle a une très haute opinion de lui;∎ he thinks of himself as an artist il se prend pour un artiste;∎ to think a great deal of oneself, to think too much of oneself avoir une haute idée de soi-même ou de sa personne;∎ as a doctor she is very well thought of elle est très respectée en tant que médecin;∎ I hope you won't think badly of me if I refuse j'espère que vous ne m'en voudrez pas si je refuse;∎ I don't think much of that idea cette idée ne me dit pas grand-chose;∎ he doesn't think much of his brother il n'a pas une haute opinion de son frère;∎ I told her what I thought of her je lui ai dit son fait∎ I always thought of her as being blonde je la croyais blonde;∎ just think of it, me as president! imaginez un peu: moi président!, vous m'imaginez président?;∎ when I think of how things might have turned out quand je pense à la manière dont les choses auraient pu finir;∎ when I think of what might have happened! quand je pense à ce qui aurait pu arriver!;∎ you might have married him, think of that! tu aurais pu l'épouser, imagine un peu!(g) (take into consideration) penser à, considérer;∎ I have my family to think of il faut que je pense à ma famille;∎ she never thinks of anyone but herself elle ne pense qu'à elle-même;∎ think of your mother's feelings pense un peu à ta mère;∎ he never thinks of her il n'a aucun égard ou aucune considération pour elle;∎ you never think of the expense tu ne regardes jamais à la dépense;∎ think of how much it will cost! pense un peu à ce que ça va coûter!;∎ you can't think of everything on ne peut pas penser à tout∎ it needs thinking out cela demande mûre réflexion;∎ he likes to think things out for himself il aime juger des choses par lui-même;∎ a carefully thought-out answer une réponse bien pesée;∎ a well-thought-out plan un projet bien conçu ou ficelébien examiner, bien réfléchir à;∎ we'll have to think it over il va falloir que nous y réfléchissions;∎ this needs thinking over cela mérite réflexion;∎ think the offer over carefully réfléchissez bien à cette proposition;∎ on thinking things over we've decided not to sell the house réflexion faite, on a décidé de ne pas vendre la maison;∎ I need some time to think things over j'ai besoin de temps pour réfléchir(plan etc) bien considérer;∎ the scheme has not been properly thought through le plan n'a pas été considéré suffisamment en détail(excuse, plan, solution) trouver -
35 expect
A vtr1 ( anticipate) s'attendre à [event, victory, defeat, trouble] ; to expect the worst s'attendre au pire ; we expect fine weather il devrait faire beau ; what did you expect? qu'est-ce que tu croyais? ; I expected as much je m'y attendais ; you knew what to expect tu savais à quoi t'attendre ; to expect sb to do s'attendre à ce que qn fasse ; she is expected to win on s'attend à ce qu'elle gagne, elle devrait gagner ; he is expected to arrive at six son arrivée est prévue pour six heures, on l'attend pour six heures ; to expect that s'attendre à ce que (+ subj) ; I expect (that) I'll lose je m'attends à perdre, je pense que je vais perdre ; it is only to be expected that he should go il est bien naturel qu'il y aille ; it was hardly to be expected that she should agree il n'était guère probable qu'elle accepterait ; more/worse than expected plus/pire que prévu ; not as awful as I had expected pas aussi terrible que je le craignais ;2 ( rely on) s'attendre à [sympathy, help] (from de la part de) ; don't expect any sympathy from me! ne t'attends à aucune compassion de ma part! ; I expect you to be punctual je vous demande d'être ponctuel ;3 ( await) attendre [baby, guest, company] ; I'm expecting someone j'attends quelqu'un ; what time shall we expect you? à quelle heure penses-tu venir? ; expect me when you see me GB je ne sais pas à quelle heure j'arriverai ;4 ( require) demander, attendre [commitment, hard work] (from de) ; to expect sb to do demander à qn de faire, attendre de qn qu'il/elle fasse ; you will be expected to work at weekends vous devrez travailler le week-end, on attendra de vous que vous travailliez le week-end ; I can't be expected to know everything je ne peux pas tout savoir ; it's too much to expect c'est trop demander ;5 GB ( suppose) I expect so je pense que oui ; I don't expect so je ne pense pas ; I expect you're tired vous devez être fatigué ; I expect you'd like a bath voulez-vous prendre un bain?B vi1 ( anticipate) to expect to do s'attendre à faire ; I expect to lose/to be working late je m'attends à perdre/à devoir travailler tard ; I was expecting to do better je comptais faire mieux ;2 ( require) to expect to do bien compter faire ; I expect to see you there je compte bien vous y voir ;3 ( be pregnant) to be expecting attendre un enfant, être enceinte. -
36 mal
adj.1 bad, evil.2 bad, poor.3 bad, deficient, low-quality.adv.1 wrong (incorrectamente).hacer algo mal to do something wronghas escrito mal esta palabra you've spelled that word wronghiciste mal en decírselo it was wrong of you to tell himportarse mal to behave badly2 badly (inadecuadamente).la conferencia/reunión salió mal the talk/meeting went badlymal vestido badly dressedoigo/veo mal I can't hear/see very wellesta puerta cierra mal this door doesn't shut properlyHaces las cosas mal siempre! You always do things badly!3 hardly.mal puede saberlo si no se lo cuentas he's hardly going to know it if you don't tell him4 barely, hardly.Mal pudimos dormir esa noche We could barely sleep that night.m.1 harm, damage (daño).no te hará ningún mal salir un rato it won't harm you o it won't do you any harm to go out for a whilemal de ojo evil eye2 illness.mal de altura o montaña altitude o mountain sicknessel mal de las vacas locas mad cow disease3 evil.4 wrong.* * *1 evil2 (daño) harm3 (enfermedad) sickness► adjetivo► adverbio1 (no adecuadamente) badly2 (enfermo) ill, sick■ me encuentro mal I feel ill, I don't feel well3 (incorrectamente) wrong4 (difícilmente) hardly, scarcely5 (desagradablemente) bad■ como sigas así, acabarás mal if you keep on like that, you'll end up in trouble6 (en frases negativas) bad, badly\a grandes males, grandes remedios desperate situations call for desperate measuresde mal en peor from bad to worseestar a mal con alguien to be on bad terms with somebodymal que bien one way or anothermal que les (te, etc) pese whether they (you, etc) like it or notmenos mal que... it's a good job that..., thank God that...no hay mal que cien años dure nothing goes on foreverno hay mal que por bien no venga every cloud has a silver liningmal de altura altitude sicknessmal de ojo evil eyemal de la rosa pellagramal de la tierra homesicknessmal francés syphilis* * *1. adv.1) badly, poorly2) hardly3) wrong2. noun m.1) evil2) wrong3) harm4) misfortune5) illness, disease3. adj.* * *1. ADV1) (=imperfectamente) badlyoigo/veo mal — I can't hear/see well
si mal no recuerdo — if my memory serves me right, if I remember correctly
2) (=reprobablemente)•
hacer mal, hace mal en mentir — he is wrong to lie3) (=insuficientemente) poorlyeste disco se vendió muy mal — this record sold very poorly, this record had very poor sales
•
comer mal, en este restaurante se come mal — the food isn't very good in this restaurantla niña come mal — the girl isn't eating properly, the girl is off her food
4) (=sin salud) illencontrarse o sentirse mal — to feel ill
5) (=desagradablemente)¡no está mal este vino! — this wine isn't bad!
•
caer mal algn, me cae mal su amigo — I don't like his friend•
llevarse mal, me llevo mal con él — I don't get on with him•
oler mal, esta habitación huele mal — this room smells (bad)•
pensar mal de algn — to think badly of sb•
saber mal, sabe mal — it doesn't taste nice6) [otras locuciones]•
estar a mal con algn — to be on bad terms with sb•
¡ menos mal! — thank goodness!menos mal que... — it's just as well (that)..., it's a good job (that)...
•
mal que bien — more or less, just aboutmal que bien lo hemos solucionado — we've more or less o just about managed to solve it
•
tomarse algo (a) mal — to take sth the wrong way2.CONJ3.4. SM1) (=maldad)combatir el mal — frm to fight against evil
2) (=perjuicio) harmel mal ya está hecho — the harm o damage is done now
¡mal haya quien...! — frm a curse on whoever...!
•
dar mal a algn — to make sb suffer•
darse mal — to torment o.s.rebajamos los precios, como mal menor — we cut the prices, as the lesser of two evils
esa solución no me satisface, pero es un mal menor — I'm not happy with that solution, but it could have been worse
•
parar en mal — to come to a bad end3) (=problema) ill4) (Med) disease, illnessmal francés — ( Hist) syphilis
5)6) LAm (Med) epileptic fit* * *I IIadjetivo invariable1)a) (enfermo, con mal aspecto)estar mal — to be bad o ill; ( anímicamente) to be in a bad way (colloq)
me siento mal — I don't feel well, I feel ill
b) (incómodo, a disgusto)¿tan mal estás aquí que te quieres ir? — are you so unhappy here that you want to leave?
2) (fam) (en frases negativas) ( refiriéndose al atractivo sexual)no está nada mal — he's/she's not at all bad (colloq)
3) ( desagradable) <oler/saber> badaquí huele mal — there's a horrible smell o it smells in here
4) ( insatisfactorio)estoy or salí muy mal en esta foto — I look awful in this photograph
la casa no está mal, pero es cara — the house isn't bad, but it's expensive
5) ( incorrecto) wrongestá muy mal no decírselo — it's very wrong o bad not to tell her
6) ( indicando escasez)IIIestamos mal de arroz — we're low on o almost out of rice
1) ( de manera no satisfactoria) <hecho/vestido> badly; <cantar/escribir> badlyse expresó mal — he didn't express himself very well, he expressed himself badly
2) ( desventajosamente)3) ( desfavorablemente) badly, illhablar mal de alguien — to speak badly o ill of somebody
4)a) (de manera errónea, incorrecta) wrong, wronglyte han informado mal — you've been badly o wrongly informed
b) ( de manera reprensible) badlyobró mal — he acted wrongly o badly
me contestó muy mal — she answered me very rudely o in a very rude manner
portarse mal — to behave badly, to misbehave
5) ( difícilmente)mal puedes saber si te gusta si no lo has probado — you can hardly say whether you like it when you haven't even tried it
6) (en locs)hacer mal — (AmL) ( a la salud)
comí algo que me hizo mal — I ate something which didn't agree with me; ver tb mal IV 2)
mal que bien — (fam) somehow or other
mal que me/te/nos pese — whether I/you/we like it or not
menos mal: menos mal! thank goodness!; menos mal que le avisaron a tiempo! it's just as well they told him in time!; menos mal que no se enteró! it's a good thing she didn't find out! (colloq); estar a mal con alguien to be on bad terms with somebody; tomarse algo a mal — to take something to heart
•IV1) (Fil) evilel bien y el mal — good and evil, right and wrong
2) (daño, perjuicio)le estás haciendo un mal consintiéndole todo — you're not doing her any good by giving in to her all the time
lo que dijo me hizo mucho mal — what he said really hurt me; ver tb mal III 6)
3) (inconveniente, problema)mal de muchos, consuelo de tontos:... pero yo no soy la única - mal de muchos, consuelo de tontos —... but I'm not the only one - well, if that makes you feel better about it (iro)
4) (Med)a) (liter) ( enfermedad) illnessb) ( epilepsia)el mal — ( enfermedad) epilepsy
5) ( pena) trouble* * *= ill, malaise, ailment, evil, affliction, wrong, out of sorts, woe, woefulness.Ex. Americans, convinced that education could be the panacea for all their ills, answered with vigorous action.Ex. He interprets 'alienation' as the ' malaise that affects all of us, leaving us in some measure unable to operate in humane, supportive ways'.Ex. In the two years that followed Woodforde had various other ailments, including an inflammation of the eyelid.Ex. It is increasingly obvious that we are as a nation one and indivisible, that divisive tendencies are a thing of the past, but there are still too many inheritors of the old indifference, and who flinch at co-operation as at an evil.Ex. In the Netherlands there are currently some 20,000 sufferers from this affliction.Ex. Librarians have traditionally been concerned with giving rather than selling information and information supplied negligently is dealt with by the law of torts: civil wrongs independent of contract.Ex. For example, you already know that living in a windowless room will make you cranky and out of sorts.Ex. 'The word's out: all departments have to cut their staffs by 10%' -- Her voice was weak and laden with woe.Ex. In presenting this story, Amenabar has managed to avoid both saccharine sentimentality and easy woefulness.----* eje del mal = axis of evil.* el dinero es el origen de todos los males = money is the root of all evil.* el dinero es la fuente de todos los males = money is the root of all evil.* evitar el mal = shun + evil.* fuente de todos los males, la = root of all evil, the.* hacer el mal = do + evil.* mal de amores = heartache, lovesick.* mal de Parkinson = Parkinson's disease.* males de la guerra, los = evils of war, the.* origen de todos males, el = root of all evil, the.* para colmo de males = to add insult to injury, to add salt to injury, to rub salt in the wound.* tener mal de amores = be lovesick.* * *I IIadjetivo invariable1)a) (enfermo, con mal aspecto)estar mal — to be bad o ill; ( anímicamente) to be in a bad way (colloq)
me siento mal — I don't feel well, I feel ill
b) (incómodo, a disgusto)¿tan mal estás aquí que te quieres ir? — are you so unhappy here that you want to leave?
2) (fam) (en frases negativas) ( refiriéndose al atractivo sexual)no está nada mal — he's/she's not at all bad (colloq)
3) ( desagradable) <oler/saber> badaquí huele mal — there's a horrible smell o it smells in here
4) ( insatisfactorio)estoy or salí muy mal en esta foto — I look awful in this photograph
la casa no está mal, pero es cara — the house isn't bad, but it's expensive
5) ( incorrecto) wrongestá muy mal no decírselo — it's very wrong o bad not to tell her
6) ( indicando escasez)IIIestamos mal de arroz — we're low on o almost out of rice
1) ( de manera no satisfactoria) <hecho/vestido> badly; <cantar/escribir> badlyse expresó mal — he didn't express himself very well, he expressed himself badly
2) ( desventajosamente)3) ( desfavorablemente) badly, illhablar mal de alguien — to speak badly o ill of somebody
4)a) (de manera errónea, incorrecta) wrong, wronglyte han informado mal — you've been badly o wrongly informed
b) ( de manera reprensible) badlyobró mal — he acted wrongly o badly
me contestó muy mal — she answered me very rudely o in a very rude manner
portarse mal — to behave badly, to misbehave
5) ( difícilmente)mal puedes saber si te gusta si no lo has probado — you can hardly say whether you like it when you haven't even tried it
6) (en locs)hacer mal — (AmL) ( a la salud)
comí algo que me hizo mal — I ate something which didn't agree with me; ver tb mal IV 2)
mal que bien — (fam) somehow or other
mal que me/te/nos pese — whether I/you/we like it or not
menos mal: menos mal! thank goodness!; menos mal que le avisaron a tiempo! it's just as well they told him in time!; menos mal que no se enteró! it's a good thing she didn't find out! (colloq); estar a mal con alguien to be on bad terms with somebody; tomarse algo a mal — to take something to heart
•IV1) (Fil) evilel bien y el mal — good and evil, right and wrong
2) (daño, perjuicio)le estás haciendo un mal consintiéndole todo — you're not doing her any good by giving in to her all the time
lo que dijo me hizo mucho mal — what he said really hurt me; ver tb mal III 6)
3) (inconveniente, problema)mal de muchos, consuelo de tontos:... pero yo no soy la única - mal de muchos, consuelo de tontos —... but I'm not the only one - well, if that makes you feel better about it (iro)
4) (Med)a) (liter) ( enfermedad) illnessb) ( epilepsia)el mal — ( enfermedad) epilepsy
5) ( pena) trouble* * *= ill, malaise, ailment, evil, affliction, wrong, out of sorts, woe, woefulness.Ex: Americans, convinced that education could be the panacea for all their ills, answered with vigorous action.
Ex: He interprets 'alienation' as the ' malaise that affects all of us, leaving us in some measure unable to operate in humane, supportive ways'.Ex: In the two years that followed Woodforde had various other ailments, including an inflammation of the eyelid.Ex: It is increasingly obvious that we are as a nation one and indivisible, that divisive tendencies are a thing of the past, but there are still too many inheritors of the old indifference, and who flinch at co-operation as at an evil.Ex: In the Netherlands there are currently some 20,000 sufferers from this affliction.Ex: Librarians have traditionally been concerned with giving rather than selling information and information supplied negligently is dealt with by the law of torts: civil wrongs independent of contract.Ex: For example, you already know that living in a windowless room will make you cranky and out of sorts.Ex: 'The word's out: all departments have to cut their staffs by 10%' -- Her voice was weak and laden with woe.Ex: In presenting this story, Amenabar has managed to avoid both saccharine sentimentality and easy woefulness.* eje del mal = axis of evil.* el dinero es el origen de todos los males = money is the root of all evil.* el dinero es la fuente de todos los males = money is the root of all evil.* evitar el mal = shun + evil.* fuente de todos los males, la = root of all evil, the.* hacer el mal = do + evil.* mal de amores = heartache, lovesick.* mal de Parkinson = Parkinson's disease.* males de la guerra, los = evils of war, the.* origen de todos males, el = root of all evil, the.* para colmo de males = to add insult to injury, to add salt to injury, to rub salt in the wound.* tener mal de amores = be lovesick.* * *mal1mal2A1 (enfermo, con mal aspecto) estar mal to be bad o ill; (anímicamente) to be o feel low ( colloq), to be o feel down ( colloq)me siento mal I don't feel well, I feel illhace días que ando mal del estómago I've been having trouble with my stomach for some days nowlo encontré muy mal, pálido y desmejorado he didn't seem at all well, he looked pale and sicklyestá muy mal, no se ha repuesto de lo del marido she's in a bad way, she hasn't got over what happened to her husband¡éste está mal de la cabeza! he's not right in the headesas cosas me ponen mal things like that really upset me2(incómodo, a disgusto): ¿tan mal estás aquí que te quieres ir? are you so unhappy here that you want to leave?tú allí estás mal you aren't comfortable thereB ( fam) ( en frases negativas)C (desagradable) ‹oler/saber› badaquí huele mal there's a horrible smell in here, it smells in hereno sabe tan mal it doesn't taste that badesta leche huele mal this milk smells bad o offD(insatisfactorio): los soufflés siempre me quedan mal my soufflés never turn out rightestoy or quedé or salí muy mal en esta foto I look awful in this photole queda mal ese peinado that hairstyle doesn't suit herla casa no está mal, pero es cara the house isn't bad o is quite nice but it's expensivesacarnos un millón no estaría nada mal I wouldn't mind winning a millionE (incorrecto) wrongla fecha está mal the date is wrongcreo que está muy mal no decírselo I think it's very wrong o bad not to tell herestá mal que le hables en ese tono it's wrong (of you) to speak to him in that toneestuviste muy mal en no ayudarlo it was wrong of you not to help himF (indicando escasez) estar mal DE algo:estamos mal de dinero we're hard up ( colloq), we're short of moneyestamos mal de arroz we have hardly any rice (left), we're low on o almost out of ricemal3A (de manera no satisfactoria) ‹hecho/organizado/pintado/vestido› badlycanta muy mal she sings very badly, she's a very bad singer, she's very bad at singingse expresó mal he didn't express himself very well, he expressed himself badlyte oigo muy mal I can hardly hear you, I can't hear you very wellen el colegio se come muy mal the food's terrible at schoolle fue mal en los exámenes his exams went badlyde mal en peor from bad to worseB(desventajosamente): se casó muy mal she made a bad marriagevendieron muy mal la casa they got a terrible price for the houseel negocio marcha mal the business isn't doing very wellC (desfavorablemente) badly, illno hables mal de ella don't speak badly o ill of herpiensa mal de todo el mundo he thinks ill of everyoneD1 (de manera errónea, incorrecta) wrong, wronglylo has hecho mal you've done it wrongmi nombre está mal escrito my name has been misspelt, my name is spelt/has been spelt wrong(ly)te han informado mal you've been badly o wrongly informedte entendí mal I misunderstood you, I didn't understand you properly2 (de manera reprensible) badlyobró or procedió mal he acted wrongly o badlyhaces mal en no ir a verla it's wrong of you not to go and see herme contestó muy mal she answered me very rudely o in a very rude mannersi te portas mal no te traigo más if you behave badly o if you misbehave I won't bring you againE(difícilmente): mal puedes saber si te gusta si no lo has probado you can hardly say o I don't see how you can say whether you like it when you haven't even tried itF ( en locs):comí algo que me hizo mal I ate something which didn't agree with me o which made me feel bad o illmal que me/te/nos pese whether I/you/we like it or notmenos mal: aceptaron tu solicitud — ¡menos mal! they've accepted your application — thank goodness!¡menos mal que le avisaron a tiempo! it's just as well they told him in time!estar a mal con algn to be on bad terms with sbtomarse algo a mal to take sth to heartCompuesto:mal nacido, mal nacidamasculine, feminine swine ( colloq), rat ( colloq) ver tb maleducado1 (↑ maleducado (1)), maleducado2 (↑ maleducado (2))mal4A ( Fil) evilel bien y el mal good and evil, right and wronglíbranos del mal deliver us from evilB(daño, perjuicio): no le perdono todo el mal que me hizo I can't forgive her all the wrong she did mele estás haciendo un mal consintiéndole todo you're doing her a disservice o you're not doing her any good by giving in to her all the timeel divorcio de sus padres le hizo mucho mal her parents' divorce did her a lot of harmlo que me dijo me hizo mucho mal what he said hurt me deeply o really hurt meC(inconveniente, problema): los males que aquejan a nuestra sociedad the ills afflicting our societyla contaminación es uno de los males de nuestro tiempo pollution is one of the evils of our timea grandes males grandes remedios desperate situations call for desperate measuresno hay mal que cien años dure nothing goes on for everno hay mal que por bien no venga every cloud has a silver liningmal de muchos, consuelo de tontos: … pero a mucha gente le pasó lo mismo — mal de muchos, consuelo de tontos … but the same thing happened to a lot of other people — so that makes you feel better, does it? ( iro)todos mis amigos suspendieron también, así que mal de muchos, consuelo de tontos all my friends failed too, so that's some consolation, I suppose o so that makes things a bit better, I supposequien canta sus males espanta problems don't seem so bad if you keep cheerfulCompuesto:(entre dos alternativas) lesser of two evilseso fue un mal menor porque se podría haber matado in fact he was lucky o he can count himself lucky, he could have been killedD ( Med)1 ( liter) (enfermedad) illness2cuando le da el mal when she has a fitCompuestos:Alzheimer's disease( fam):tiene mal de amores he's lovesickChagas' diseasealtitude sickness, mountain sicknessevil eyele echó el mal de ojo or (CS) le hizo mal de ojo she gave him the evil eyeParkinson's disease( euf); syphilisE (pena) troubleno me vengas a contar tus males don't come to me with your troubles* * *
mal adjetivo: ver◊ malo
■ adjetivo invariable
1 [estar] ( enfermo) ill;
( anímicamente) in a bad way (colloq);
( incómodo) uncomfortable;
¡este está mal de la cabeza! he's not right in the head;
esas cosas me ponen mal things like that really upset me
2 (fam) ( en frases negativas) ( refiriéndose al aspecto):◊ no está nada mal she's/he's/it's not at all bad (colloq)
3 ( insatisfactorio): estoy or salí muy mal en esta foto I look awful in this photograph;
4 [estar] ( incorrecto) wrong
5 ( indicando escasez) estar or ir mal de algo ‹de dinero/tiempo› to be short of sth
■ adverbio
1 ( de manera no satisfactoria) ‹vestir/cantar/jugar› badly;
te oigo muy mal I can hardly hear you;
el negocio marcha mal the business isn't doing well;
de mal en peor from bad to worse
2 ( desfavorablemente) badly, ill;◊ hablar mal de algn to speak badly o ill of sb
3
◊ te han informado mal you've been badly o wrongly informed;
te entendí mal I misunderstood you
me contestó muy mal she answered me very rudely
4 ( desagradable) ‹oler/saber› bad;◊ aquí huele mal there's a horrible smell o it smells in here
5 ( en locs)
el pescado me hizo mal the fish didn't agree with me;
menos mal: ¡menos mal! thank goodness!;
¡menos mal que le avisaron a tiempo! it's just as well they told him in time!;
tomarse algo a mal to take sth to heart
■ sustantivo masculino
1 (Fil) evil;
2 (daño, perjuicio):
3 ( cosa dañina) ill, evil;
no hay mal que por bien no venga every cloud has a silver lining
4 (Med) (liter) ( enfermedad) illness;◊ tiene mal de amores (fam) he's lovesick;
mal de (las) altura(s) altitude sickness, mountain sickness
5 ( pena) trouble
mal
I adj (delante de sustantivo masculino) bad
un mal momento, (inoportuno) a bad time: está atravesando un mal momento, he's going through a bad patch ➣ malo,-a
II sustantivo masculino
1 evil, wrong
más allá del bien y del mal, beyond good and evil
2 (perjuicio) harm: me ha hecho mucho mal, it really hurt me
mal de ojo, the evil eye
3 (dolencia) illness, disease: padece un mal incurable, she suffers from an incurable disease
III adverbio
1 (de mala manera, incorrectamente) badly, wrong: oye muy mal, she can hardly hear
todo me sale mal, everything I do turns out badly
me siento mal del estómago, I've got an upset stomach
menos mal que estás aquí, it's a good job you are here
2 (difícilmente) scarcely, hardly: si no me lo cuentas, mal puedo yo ayudarte, if you don't tell me I can scarcely help you
♦ Locuciones: llevar uno mal algo, to take sthg badly: lleva muy mal la muerte de su padre, he took the death of his father really badly
mal que, even if: tendremos que ir mal que nos pese, whether we like it or not, we'll have to go
mal que bien, somehow or other: mal que bien vamos tirando, we're managing quite well somehow or other
ponerse a mal con alguien, to fall out with sb
tomar uno a mal, to take sthg badly: no te lo tomes a mal, don't take it badly
' mal' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
agüero
- añadidura
- apestar
- apestosa
- apestoso
- atufar
- avenida
- avenido
- azotea
- berrear
- bicho
- bien
- caber
- cabeza
- caer
- café
- calcular
- caldo
- camino
- cantar
- carácter
- cardo
- chabacana
- chabacano
- chapuza
- comportarse
- comunicada
- comunicado
- conservarse
- contraluz
- contraria
- contrario
- criada
- criado
- daño
- desastre
- desencajada
- desencajado
- deslucir
- despertar
- día
- dinero
- educada
- educado
- efecto
- empañarse
- encajar
- encaminada
- encaminado
- encontrar
English:
abuse
- acquit
- act up
- agree
- along
- amulet
- astray
- bad
- bad-tempered
- badly
- barring
- best
- bile
- cheap
- cloud
- come off
- condition
- deal
- deliver
- disagree
- disapprove
- disrepair
- do
- do with
- doom
- downhill
- embody
- evil
- evil eye
- fit
- flare up
- foolish
- foot
- frown on
- gnawing
- go
- go down
- go off
- god
- going
- good
- greasy
- grief
- grim
- grin
- grumpy
- half-baked
- hash
- health
- hinder
* * *♦ adjver malo♦ nmLiterariolas fuerzas del mal the forces of darkness o evil2. [daño] harm, damage;nadie sufrió ningún mal no one was harmed, no one suffered any harm;¿no le hará mal al bebé tanta agua? all that water can't be good for the baby;no te hará ningún mal salir un rato it won't harm you o it won't do you any harm to go out for a while;todas aquellas habladurías le hicieron mucho mal all the gossip hurt her deeplymal de ojo evil eye; Arquit el mal de la piedra = the problem of crumbling masonry caused by pollution etc3. [enfermedad] illness;Figesto te curará todos los males this will make you feel better;tener mal de amores to be lovesickmal de (las) altura(s) altitude sickness;mal de montaña mountain sickness;Ven mal de páramo altitude sickness; Fam el mal de las vacas locas mad cow disease4. [problema, inconveniente] bad thing;el hambre y la pobreza son males que afectan al Tercer Mundo hunger and poverty are problems o ills which affect the Third World;entre las dos opciones, es el mal menor it's the lesser of two evils;un mal necesario a necessary evil5. Compdel mal, el menos it's the lesser of two evils;la crisis pasará, no hay mal que cien años dure the recession will end sooner or later, these things never last forever;a grandes males, grandes remedios drastic situations demand drastic action;mal de muchos, consuelo de todos o [m5]de tontos: he suspendido, pero también mis compañeros – mal de muchos, consuelo de tontos o [m5] de todos I failed, but so did my classmates – it doesn't make it all right, just because they did too;lo mismo pasa en otros países – mal de muchos, consuelo de tontos o [m5] de todos the same thing happens in other countries – that doesn't make it any better, though;no hay mal que por bien no venga every cloud has a silver lining♦ adv1. [incorrectamente] wrong;obrar mal to do wrong;portarse mal to behave badly;juzgar mal a alguien to misjudge sb;está mal hecho [un informe, un trabajo] it hasn't been done properly;[un producto, un aparato] it's badly made;eso está mal hecho, no debían haberlo aceptado it was wrong of them, they shouldn't have accepted it;está mal eso que has hecho what you've done is wrong;hacer algo mal to do sth wrong;has escrito mal esta palabra you've spelt that word wrong;hiciste mal en decírselo it was wrong of you to tell him;está mal que yo lo diga, pero esta sopa esta buenísima this soup is delicious, although I say so myself2. [inadecuadamente, insuficientemente] badly;creo que me he explicado mal I'm not sure I've explained myself clearly;oigo/veo mal I can't hear/see very well;el niño come bastante mal the boy isn't eating properly o very well;calculé mal el tiempo I miscalculated the time;canta muy mal she sings terribly, she's a terrible singer;esta puerta cierra mal this door doesn't shut properly;andar mal de dinero to be short of money;andamos mal de azúcar we're running out of sugar;la empresa/el equipo va mal the company/team isn't doing very well;va mal en la universidad she's not doing very well at university;le fue mal en la entrevista his interview didn't go very well;el sueldo no está nada mal the pay's pretty good, the pay isn't at all bad;ese chico no está nada mal that boy's not bad o pretty nice;la reparación quedó mal it wasn't repaired properly;me quedó mal el retrato my portrait didn't come out right;la conferencia/reunión salió mal the talk/meeting went badly;la fiesta salió mal the party was a failure[incómodo] to feel uncomfortable; [de calidad] to be bad;hablar mal de alguien to speak ill of sb;oler mal to smell bad;¡qué mal huele! what a smell!;Fam Figesto me huele mal this smells fishy to me;pasarlo mal to have a bad time;pensar mal de alguien to think ill of sb;saber mal to taste bad;Figme supo mal que no vinieses a despedirme I was a bit put out that you didn't come to see me off;me sabe muy mal que hablen a mis espaldas I don't like it that they talk behind my back;sentar mal a alguien [ropa] not to suit sb;[comida] to disagree with sb; [comentario, actitud] to upset sb4. [difícilmente] hardly;mal puede saberlo si no se lo cuentas he's hardly going to know if you don't tell him, how's he supposed to know if you don't tell him?5. Compestar a mal con alguien to have fallen out with sb;ir de mal en peor to go from bad to worse;no estaría mal que… it would be nice if…;tomar algo a mal to take sth the wrong way♦ mal que loc conjalthough, even though;mal que te pese, las cosas están así whether you like it or not, that's the way things are;mal que bien somehow or other* * *I adj → maloII adv badly;mal que bien one way or the other;¡no está mal! it isn’t bad!;¡menos mal! thank goodness!;no hay mal que por bien no venga every cloud has a silver lining;hacer mal en hacer algo be wrong to do sth;ir de mal en peor go from bad to worse;estar a mal con alguien be on bad terms with s.o.;hablar mal de alguien speak ill of s.o.;poner mal a alguien criticize s.o.;ponerse a mal con alguien fall out with s.o.;tomarse algo a mal take sth badly;ponerse mal get sickel mal menor the lesser of two evils* * *mal adv1) : badly, poorlybaila muy mal: he dances very badly2) : wrong, incorrectlyme entendió mal: she misunderstood me3) : with difficulty, hardlymal puedo oírte: I can hardly hear you4)de mal en peor : from bad to worse5)menos mal : it could have been worsemal nm1) : evil, wrong2) daño: harm, damage3) desgracia: misfortune4) enfermedad: illness, sickness* * *mal2 advme encuentro mal I don't feel well / I feel ill4. (de forma incorrecta) wrong5. (en frases negativas) badmal3 n1. (daño) harm / wrong2. (maldad) evil3. (problema) problem -
37 do.
abbrSee:* * *do.abbr.(comm., ditto) idem; come sopra.♦ (to) do /du:/A v. t.1 fare: to do a stupid [nice, etc.] thing, fare una cosa stupida [bella, ecc.]; He's done something terrible, ha fatto una cosa terribile; I don't know what I've done wrong, non so cosa io abbia fatto di sbagliato; What have you done?, cos'hai fatto?; to do one's duty [the right thing], fare il proprio dovere [la cosa giusta]; What are you doing?, che cosa stai facendo?; Can I do anything ( for you)?, posso fare qualcosa (per te)?; They did nothing to help me, non hanno fatto niente per aiutarmi; to do a sum, fare una somma; We did the journey in two days, abbiamo fatto il viaggio in due giorni; I've done three copies of the letter, ho fatto tre copie della lettera; Can you do a list?, puoi fare una lista?; He did a series of watercolours of the Thames, ha fatto una serie di acquerelli raffiguranti il Tamigi; She's doing a documentary about old people, sta facendo un documentario sugli anziani2 fare, praticare ( un'attività): How long have you been doing yoga?, da quant'è che fai yoga?; What do you usually do?, che cosa fai di solito?; What do you do ( for a living)?, che lavoro fai?; I do pottery on Wednesdays, il mercoledì faccio un corso di ceramica; You need to do at least half an hour of exercise three times a week, devi fare almeno mezzora di esercizio tre volte la settimana; to do the ironing [washing, cooking, shopping, etc.], stirare, lavare i panni, cucinare, fare la spesa, ecc.; (fam.) to do lunch [a film, dinner, etc.], pranzare, guardare un film, cenare, ecc.3 vendere, avere: Do you do bus tickets, too?, avete (o vendete) anche i biglietti per l'autobus?; They don't do food, non servono da mangiare (o non vendono alimentari); They do stationery as well as books, vendono anche articoli di cancelleria oltre che libri; We do a huge range of household items, abbiamo un'enorme gamma di articoli per la casa4 fare, percorrere: We did 200 km on Saturday, abbiamo fatto 200 km sabato; They were doing 150 on the motorway, andavano ai 150 all'ora in autostrada5 fare, studiare: I did French for three years, ho fatto tre anni di francese; What is she doing at university?, cosa fa all'università?; We haven't done the First World War yet, non abbiamo ancora fatto la prima guerra mondiale6 (fam.) fare, passare ( un periodo): He's done four years in jail, ha fatto quattro anni di carcere; She's just done a year in the Paris office, ha appena passato un anno nella sede di Parigi; (fam.) to do time, scontare una pena7 fare, preparare ( del cibo): Can you do the potatoes?, puoi fare le patate?; I'll do a salad while you lay the table, faccio un'insalata mentre apparecchi la tavola; I'm doing fish, I hope that's ok, faccio del pesce, spero che vada bene8 (fam.) fare, pulire (o lavare, sistemare, ecc.): I've done the living room, now I'm going to do the hall, ho fatto il soggiorno, ora faccio l'ingresso; We did the garden at the weekend, abbiamo sistemato il giardino nel fine settimana; Someone comes to do the windows, viene qualcuno a lavare le finestre; to do the beds, fare i letti; to do the dishes, lavare i piatti; to do one's teeth, lavarsi i denti; to do one's hair [nails, makeup], farsi i capelli [le unghie, il trucco]; Who does your hair?, da che parrucchiere vai?9 rifare, pitturare (o tappezzare, ecc.): We haven't done the bedrooms yet, non abbiamo ancora rifatto le camere da letto; They've done the kitchen bright yellow, hanno pitturato la cucina di un giallo acceso NOTA D'USO: - non so come fare-10 (fam.) visitare: They did five cities in three days, hanno visitato cinque città in tre giorni; Have you done the Tower of London yet?, hai già visitato la torre di Londra?12 (fam.) andare bene a: A sandwich will do me fine, un panino mi va benissimo; I haven't got a large pack, will this one do you?, non ho confezioni grandi, questa Le va bene?14 (fam.) conciare per le feste; sistemare; ( anche) uccidere; far fuori (fam.): I'll do you!, ti sistemo io!15 fare, imitare ( un personaggio famoso, ecc.): He does the President brilliantly, è bravissimo a imitare il presidente; Can you do a Liverpool accent?, sai fare l'accento di Liverpool?16 (fam.) mettere dentro, arrestare; ( anche) fare la multa a: He was done for drug dealing, lo hanno messo dentro per spaccio; They did her for speeding ( o She was done for speeding), le hanno fatto la multa per eccesso di velocità, si è beccata una multa per eccesso di velocità17 ( slang) svaligiare; rapinare: They did three houses on the same street, hanno svaligiato tre case nella stessa viaB v. i.1 fare; agire: You did well to refuse, hai fatto bene a rifiutare; I'll do as I like, faccio come mi pare; Do as you're told, fai quello che ti si dice2 (fam.) fare, evolvere: What do you think the weather's going to do tomorrow?, cosa pensi che farà il tempo domani?; No one knows what the economy's going to do over the next six months, nessuno sa come evolverà l'economia nei prossimi sei mesi3 – to be doing well [fine, ok, etc.], stare bene [benissimo, abbastanza bene] ( di salute): Mother and child are doing very well, la madre e il bambino stanno benissimo; He's not doing too well, non sta molto bene4 ( di persona, attività) andare: You haven't done badly, non sei andato male; I didn't do well in my exams, non sono andato bene agli esami; How do you think England will do?, come pensi che andrà l'Inghilterra?; The business is doing very well, l'azienda va a gonfie vele; We're doing all right, ce la caviamo piuttosto bene; DIALOGO → - Petrol- How are we doing for petrol?, come siamo messi a carburante?5 bastare: Will fifty dollars do?, basteranno cinquanta dollari?; DIALOGO → - Local shop 1- «Anything else?» DIALOGO → - Local shop 1- «No, that'll do, thanks», «Nient'altro?» «No, va bene così, grazie»; That will do!, adesso basta!6 andare bene lo stesso; essere accettabile: This dress isn't exactly what I wanted, but I suppose it will do, questo vestito non è proprio quello che volevo, ma presumo che andrà bene lo stesso; The house is not ideal, but it will do for now, la casa non è ideale, ma per il momento bisognerà accontentarsi7 (sempre neg.) andare bene, essere opportuno: It doesn't do to work too hard, lavorare troppo non va bene; I've told you before, this kind of behaviour just won't do, te l'ho già detto: questo modo di comportarsi proprio non va bene; It wouldn't do to ask him for money, non starebbe bene chiedergli dei soldi; DIALOGO → - Organizing a meeting- Sorry, I can't do Thursday afternoon, mi dispiace, giovedì pomeriggio non posso1 (nelle frasi interr., neg. e interr. neg.; è idiom.): Do you understand?, capisci?; I don't understand, non capisco; Does he know?, lo sa?; He does not ( o doesn't) know, non lo sa; Did you go?, ci sei andato?; They did not ( o didn't) ask me, non mi hanno invitato2 fare (determinato dal verbo precedente, di cui evita la ripetizione): If you want to tell him, do it now, se vuoi dirglielo, fallo ora; (idiom.) «Who took my hat?» «I did», «chi ha preso il mio cappello?» «sono stato io»; «Did you see him?» «I did», «l'hai visto?» «sì»3 (nell'imper. neg.; è idiom.): Do not ( o don't) worry!, non preoccuparti!; Don't let them interfere!, non lasciare che si intromettano!4 (nelle «tag questions») (è) vero?, no?: You don't like him, do you?, ti è antipatico, è vero?; You told him, didn't you?, glielo hai detto, no?; He didn't pay the bill, did he?, non l'ha (mica) pagato il conto, vero?; She doesn't know, does she?, lei non lo sa, no?5 (nella costruzione inversa; è idiom.): «I don't like it» «Neither do I», «Non mi piace» «Neanche a me»; «I didn't go» «Nor did I», «Non ci sono andato» «Nemmeno io»; «I like opera» «So do I», «Mi piace la lirica» «A me pure»; (form.) Little did he realize that…, quasi non si rendeva conto che…6 ( uso enfat.; è idiom.): Do sit down!, si accomodi, La prego!; Do help yourself!, serviti pure!; But I did see her!, sì che l'ho vista!; DIALOGO → - Clothes 1- I'm here if you do need anything, per qualsiasi cosa, io sono qui; I do love you, ti amo davvero; ( formula nel rito del matrimonio) «till death us do part», «finché morte non ci separi»● to do as (o for), (form.) to do duty as, fare da, servire da: The tents will do for shelter until the weather gets worse, le tende serviranno da riparo fino a che il tempo non peggiora □ to do sb. a bad turn, fare uno sgarbo (o una scortesia, un brutto tiro) a q. □ to do one's best (o utmost), fare del proprio meglio: I'll do my best to help him, farò del mio meglio per aiutarlo □ (fam. ingl.) to do one's bit, fare la propria parte (o il proprio dovere) □ to do the books (o the accounts), fare (o tenere) la contabilità □ to do business, fare affari: It's been a pleasure to do business with you, è stato un piacere fare affari con Lei □ to do well by sb., trattar bene q.: The company does well by its employees, l'azienda tratta bene i suoi dipendenti; to be [to feel] hard done by, essere [sentirsi] trattato male □ to do damage to st., danneggiare qc.: The storm did a lot of damage to buildings, il nubifragio ha danneggiato molto gli edifici □ (fam.) to do one's damnedest, darci sotto; mettercela tutta □ ( slang) to do drugs, drogarsi; farsi □ to do evil, fare del male; commettere azioni malvagie □ to do sb. a favour (o a kindness, a good turn), fare un favore (o un piacere) a q. □ to do (sb.) good, far bene (a q.): A rest will do you a lot of good, un po' di riposo ti farà molto bene □ to do (sb. o st.) harm, causare danni (a q. o qc.): The first rule for a doctor is to do no harm, la prima regola per un medico è non causare danni; The illness didn't do him any lasting harm, la malattia non gli ha causato danni permanenti □ to do sb. justice, rendere giustizia a q. (fig.): This photo doesn't do you justice, questa foto non ti rende giustizia □ (fam.) to do nice [generous, ecc.], comportarsi bene [con generosità, ecc.]: She doesn't do generous, non si comporta con generosità □ to do nicely, andare bene: If you can't be bothered with heavy reading, this book will do nicely, se non hai voglia di letture pesanti, questo libro andrà proprio bene □ to do nothing [a lot] for, non giovare [giovare molto] a; ( di abito, pettinatura, ecc.) non donare [donare molto] a: The scandal will do nothing for his reputation, lo scandalo non gioverà alla sua reputazione; This dress does nothing for her, questo vestito non le dona; Getting a job will do a lot for her confidence, trovare lavoro gioverà molto alla sua autostima □ to do the sights, visitare ( una città, ecc.) da turista □ (fam.) to do one's ( own) thing, fare quel che si vuole; fare il proprio comodo □ to do well for oneself, avere successo, fare fortuna: Grandfather did well for himself in America, il nonno ha fatto fortuna in America □ to do wonders for, fare miracoli per: A change of scene can do wonders for your mood, un cambiamento d'ambiente può fare miracoli per l'umore □ to do one's worst, fare quanto più male è possibile: Let him do his worst; I'm not afraid of him, faccia pure (il diavolo a quattro); non mi fa paura □ to do wrong, sbagliare: He did wrong, but he's paid for it, ha sbagliato, ma ha pagato per questo □ (fig.) do or die –: It's do or die, o la va o la spacca; a do-or-die attempt, un tentativo decisivo □ to have nothing to do with st. [sb.], non avere niente a che vedere con qc. [q.]: I'm sure Susan had nothing whatever to do with it, sono sicuro che Susan non ha proprio niente a che vedere con questo □ (fam.) nothing doing, niente da fare: We tried to change the tickets, but it was nothing doing, abbiamo provato a cambiare i biglietti, ma non c'è stato niente da fare □ (fam.) What's doing?, che si fa di bello?: What's doing tonight?, che si fa di bello stasera? □ (fam.) do what?, cosa?: «Fancy a drink?» «Do what?» «I said, do you want a drink?», «qualcosa da bere?» «cosa?» «ho detto, vuoi bere qualcosa?» □ That does it!, ecco fatto!; ( anche) adesso basta! □ That's done it!, bel guaio! □ That should do it!, ecco fatto! □ DIALOGO → - Greetings and other useful phrases- How do you do?, piacere! ( nelle presentazioni formali); ( anche) come sta? ( quando si conosce già la persona, ma non c'è intimità: cfr. How are you?) □ (fam.) DIALOGO → - Hearing from an old friend- «How are you doing?» DIALOGO → - Greetings and other useful phrases- «Not bad, and you?», «Come va?» «Non male, e tu?» □ It isn't done, non sta bene: It isn't done to talk with your mouth full, non sta bene parlare a bocca piena □ Now you've done it!, l'hai fatta bella (o grossa)! □ You [He, They, etc.] would do well to do st., faresti [farebbe, farebbero, ecc.] bene a fare qc.: They would do well to remember who pays their salaries, farebbero bene a ricordarsi chi gli paga lo stipendio □ What will you do for food [money]?, come farete per il mangiare [i soldi]? □ (fam.) What are you doing out at this time of night?, che ci fai fuori a quest'ora di notte? □ (fam.) What's my jacket doing on the floor?, che ci fa la mia giacca per terra? -
38 possible
1. adjective1) möglichif possible — wenn od. falls möglich; wenn es geht
as... as possible — so... wie möglich; möglichst...
they made it possible for me to be here — sie haben es mir ermöglicht, hier zu sein
would it be possible for me to...? — könnte ich vielleicht...?
we will help as far as possible — wir werden helfen, soweit wir können
2) (likely) [durchaus od. gut] möglich3) (acceptable) möglich2. nounthe only possible man for the position — der einzige Mann, der für die Stellung infrage kommt
* * *['posəbl]1) (able to happen or be done: It's possible that the train will be delayed; We'll come as soon as possible; I'll do everything possible; She did the only possible thing in the circumstances.) möglich2) (satisfactory; acceptable: I've thought of a possible solution to the problem.) möglich•- academic.ru/56944/possibility">possibility- possibly* * *pos·sible[ˈpɒsəbl̩, AM ˈpɑ:s-]it's just not \possible das ist einfach nicht machbaris it \possible to book tickets in advance? kann man die Karten auch im Voraus reservieren?would it be \possible to... könnten wir vielleicht...the best/cheapest \possible... der/die/das allerbeste/allerbilligste...as clean/early/good as \possible so sauber/früh/gut wie möglichas much/soon as \possible so viel/bald wie möglichif \possible wenn möglich2. (that could happen) möglich, vorstellbar, denkbarI never thought it \possible, but... ich habe es nie für möglich gehalten, aber...anything's \possible alles ist möglichto make sth \possible etw ermöglichento be a \possible infrage kommen* * *['pɒsəbl]1. adjmöglichas soon/often/far as possible —
as quickly as possible — so rasch or schnell wie möglich
the best/worst/quickest possible... — der/die/das bestmögliche/schlechtestmögliche/schnellstmögliche...
it's just possible, I suppose — es ist unwahrscheinlich, aber möglich
there is no possible excuse for his behaviour — für sein Verhalten gibt es absolut keine Entschuldigung
the only possible choice, the only choice possible — die einzig mögliche Wahl
it will be possible for you to return the same day — es besteht or Sie haben die Möglichkeit, am selben Tag zurückzukommen
to make sth possible — etw ermöglichen, etw möglich machen
to make it possible for sb to do sth — es jdm ermöglichen, etw zu tun
where possible — wo möglich
wherever possible — wo immer möglich, wo immer es möglich ist
2. nMöglichkeit fa long list of possibles for the job —
the possibles played the probables (Sport) — die möglichen Kandidaten spielten gegen die wahrscheinlichen (Kandidaten)
he is a possible for the English team — er kommt für die englische Mannschaft infrage or in Frage
* * *A adjthis is possible with him das ist bei ihm möglich;make it possible for sb to do sth es jemandem ermöglichen, etwas zu tun2. eventuell, etwaig, denkbarB s1. the possible das (Menschen)Mögliche2. infrage kommende(r) Kandidat(in) oder Gewinner(in) oder Konkurrent(in) oder SPORT Spieler(in) (in einer Mannschaft)poss. abk1. possession3. possible mögl.4. possibly viell.* * *1. adjective1) möglichif possible — wenn od. falls möglich; wenn es geht
as... as possible — so... wie möglich; möglichst...
they made it possible for me to be here — sie haben es mir ermöglicht, hier zu sein
would it be possible for me to...? — könnte ich vielleicht...?
I'll do everything possible to help you — ich werde mein möglichstes tun, um dir zu helfen
we will help as far as possible — wir werden helfen, soweit wir können
2) (likely) [durchaus od. gut] möglich3) (acceptable) möglich2. nounthe only possible man for the position — der einzige Mann, der für die Stellung infrage kommt
* * *adj.eventuell adj.möglich adj. -
39 film
film
1. noun1) ((a thin strip of) celluloid made sensitive to light on which photographs are taken: photographic film.) carrete2) (a story, play etc shown as a motion picture in a cinema, on television etc: to make a film; (also adjective) a film version of the novel.) película3) (a thin skin or covering: a film of dust.) capa, película
2. verb1) (to make a motion picture (of): They are going to film the race.) filmar2) ((usually with over) to cover with a film: Her eyes gradually filmed (over) with tears.) cubrirse; nublarse•- filmy- filmstar
film1 n1. película2. carretefilm2 vb filmar / grabar / rodar
film sustantivo masculino (pl◊ films)b) (Coc) tb' film' also found in these entries: Spanish: acabose - acción - americanada - bastante - bélica - bélico - caca - cepillarse - cineasta - cinéfila - cinéfilo - cinematográfica - cinematográfico - cinta - corta - corto - cortometraje - crítica - dedicar - duración - emocionante - empezar - ser - estrella - exhibir - fanática - fanático - fibra - filmar - filmoteca - ir - hasta - incondicional - intragable - larga - largo - largometraje - miedo - mirar - montador - montadora - novelar - pantalla - película - peor - pestiño - principio - pública - público - recomendable English: allow - appropriate - backwards - blue - by - censor - downbeat - effect - engrossed - epic - extra - eye-opener - family film - fawn - feature film - feeling - film - film fan - film maker - film making - film set - film star - fit - gore - grip - hilarious - horror film - impact - last - less - location - minor - monster - moving - nod - open - out of - scary - setting - sit through - soporific - star - stay up - summon up - suppose - that - walk-on part - worst - X-film - yettr[fɪlm]2 (coating of dust etc) capa, película3 (of photos) carrete nombre masculino, rollo1 (cinem) rodar, filmar; (tv program) grabar2 (event) filmar1 SMALLCINEMA/SMALL rodar\SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALLfilm industry industria cinematográficafilm library cinematecafilm set plató nombre masculinofilm star estrella de cinefilm strip películafilm studio estudio de cinefilm test prueba (cinematográfica)film unit equipo de rodajefilm ['fɪlm] vt: filmarfilm vi: rodarfilm n1) coating: capa f, elícula f2) : película f (fotográfica)3) movie: película f, filme mn.• capa de polvo s.f.• cinta s.f.• filme s.m.• película (Cinema) s.f.v.• cinematografiar v.• filmar v.• hacer una película de v.• rodar v.fɪlm
I
1)a) c u ( Phot) película f (fotográfica)a (roll of) film — un rollo or un carrete (de fotos), una película
b) c ( movie) película f, film(e) m (period); (before n)film buff — cinéfilo, -la m,f
film festival — festival m cinematográfico or de cine
c) u ( cinematic art) cine m2)a) c ( thin covering) película fb) u ( wrap) film m or envoltura f transparente
II
1.
transitive verb \<\<scene\>\> filmar; \<\<novel/play\>\> llevar al cine
2.
vi rodar*, filmarfilming starts tomorrow — el rodaje or la filmación empieza mañana
••
Cultural note:
film rating (US), film certificate (UK)Una calificación que se otorga a las películas y videos. Establece la clase de público autorizado para verlos. En EEUU pueden tener seis calificaciones: G ( general audiences) para todos los públicos; PG ( parental guidance) es decir que los padres deciden si sus hijos pueden verlos; PH-13 ( parental guidance for children under 13); R ( restricted) es decir que los menores de 17 años sólo pueden verlos si están acompañados de uno de los padres o de su tutor; NC-17 ( no children-17) que están prohibidos para menores de 17 años; X que sólo los pueden ver los mayores de 17 años. En Gran Bretaña las películas y los videos pueden tener 5 calificaciones: U, para todo público; PG, pueden verlos los niños si están acompañados de un adulto; 12, sólo para mayores de 12 años; 15, sólo para mayores de 15 años; 18, sólo para mayores de 18 añosUn premio de gran prestigio que se otorga anualmente a los éxitos más destacados en el mundo del periodismo, la literatura y la música norteamericanos. Fue establecido en 1917, por Joseph Pulitzer, director de periódico y editor. Cada año se entregan trece premioso El nombre que recibe la bandera del Reino Unido. Está formada por las cruces de San Jorge ( St George), patrono de Inglaterra, de San Andrés ( St Andrew), patrono de Escocia, y de San Patricio ( St Patrick), patrono de Irlanda. Gales y su patrono San David no están representados en ella[fɪlm]1.N (=thin skin) película f ; [of dust] capa f ; [of smoke etc] velo m ; (Cine, Phot) (=negatives) película f ; (=roll of film) carrete m, rollo m ; (at cinema) película f, film m, filme m ; (full-length) largometraje m ; (short) corto(metraje) msilent film — película f muda
to make a film of — [+ book] llevar al cine, hacer una película de; [+ event] filmar
2.VT [+ book] llevar al cine, hacer una película de; [+ event] filmar; [+ scene] rodar3.VI rodar, filmar4.CPD [camera, festival] cinematográfico, de cinefilm buff N — cinéfilo(-a) m / f
film censor N — censor(a) m / f cinematográfico(-a)
film company N — productora f (de cine)
film critic N — crítico(-a) m / f de cine
film fan N — aficionado(-a) m / f al cine
film festival N — festival m de cine
film library N — cinemateca f
it's the best film noir I've seen in a long time — es la mejor película de cine negro que he visto desde hace tiempo
film première N — estreno m oficial, premier f
film producer N — productor(a) m / f (cinematográfico)
film rating N — (Brit) calificación f (de películas)
film rights NPL — derechos mpl cinematográficos
film script N — guión m
film strip N — película f de diapositivas
film studio N — estudio m de cine
* * *[fɪlm]
I
1)a) c u ( Phot) película f (fotográfica)a (roll of) film — un rollo or un carrete (de fotos), una película
b) c ( movie) película f, film(e) m (period); (before n)film buff — cinéfilo, -la m,f
film festival — festival m cinematográfico or de cine
c) u ( cinematic art) cine m2)a) c ( thin covering) película fb) u ( wrap) film m or envoltura f transparente
II
1.
transitive verb \<\<scene\>\> filmar; \<\<novel/play\>\> llevar al cine
2.
vi rodar*, filmarfilming starts tomorrow — el rodaje or la filmación empieza mañana
••
Cultural note:
film rating (US), film certificate (UK)Una calificación que se otorga a las películas y videos. Establece la clase de público autorizado para verlos. En EEUU pueden tener seis calificaciones: G ( general audiences) para todos los públicos; PG ( parental guidance) es decir que los padres deciden si sus hijos pueden verlos; PH-13 ( parental guidance for children under 13); R ( restricted) es decir que los menores de 17 años sólo pueden verlos si están acompañados de uno de los padres o de su tutor; NC-17 ( no children-17) que están prohibidos para menores de 17 años; X que sólo los pueden ver los mayores de 17 años. En Gran Bretaña las películas y los videos pueden tener 5 calificaciones: U, para todo público; PG, pueden verlos los niños si están acompañados de un adulto; 12, sólo para mayores de 12 años; 15, sólo para mayores de 15 años; 18, sólo para mayores de 18 añosUn premio de gran prestigio que se otorga anualmente a los éxitos más destacados en el mundo del periodismo, la literatura y la música norteamericanos. Fue establecido en 1917, por Joseph Pulitzer, director de periódico y editor. Cada año se entregan trece premioso El nombre que recibe la bandera del Reino Unido. Está formada por las cruces de San Jorge ( St George), patrono de Inglaterra, de San Andrés ( St Andrew), patrono de Escocia, y de San Patricio ( St Patrick), patrono de Irlanda. Gales y su patrono San David no están representados en ella -
40 caso sm
['kazo]1) (fatalità, destino) chanceil caso ha voluto che... — by chance...
si dà il caso che... — it so happens that...
2) (fatto) Gramm, Med, Dir case3)fare al caso di qn — to be just what sb needs4) (possibilità, evenienza) possibility, eventin tal caso; in quel caso — in that case
be', in tal caso dovremo rimandare la partenza — well, in that case we'll have to put off our departure
in caso di necessità o bisogno — in case of need
al caso — if need be, should the opportunity arise
per caso — by chance, by accident
nel caso che... — in case...
ti do il mio numero di telefono, nel caso che tu venga a Roma — I'll give you my phone number, in case you come to Rome
caso mai non possiate venire... — if (by chance) you can't come...
dovrei essere lì alle 5, caso mai aspetta — I should be there for 5; if (by any chance) I'm not, wait
fare o porre o mettere il caso che... — to suppose that...
mettiamo il caso che ti inviti: accetteresti? — supposing he invited you, would you go?
5)far caso a qn/qc — to pay attention to sb/sth
См. также в других словарях:
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(the) nightmare scenario — the nightmare/worst case scenario the worst thing that could possibly happen. I suppose the worst case scenario would be if both of us lost our jobs at the same time … New idioms dictionary
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