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41 head
I[hed] n գլուխ. from head to foot ոտքից գլուխ. shake one’s head գլուխը տարուբե րել/ թա փահարել. stand on one’s head գլխի վրա կանգ նել. fall down head first ցած ընկնել գլխի վրա. put a price on smn’s head գլխագին դնել. per head մեկ շնչին/մարդուն. The wine went into his head Գինին գլուխը/գլխին խփեց. Success has gone to his head Հաջողությունից գլուխը պտտվեց. twenty head of cattle քսան գլուխ անասուն. two dollars a/per head յուրաքանչյուր շնչին երկու դոլար. win by a head մի գլուխ առաջ ընկնել. be taller by a head մի գլուխ բարձր լինել. be head and shoulders above փխբ. (բոլորից) մի գլուխ բարձր լինել. (գլուխ, ղեկավար) the head of a state/family պետության/ընտանիքի ղեկա վար. head editor գլխավոր խմբագիր. head nurse ավագ քույր. head bookkeeper գլխավոր հաշ վա պահ. under this head այս ղեկավարի ներքո. head of a department բաժ նի պետ. head of the class դա սարանի առաջին աշակերտը. (առաջնա մաս, գլխա մաս) at the head of գլուխն անցած. the head of expedition գիտարշավի ղեկավարը. at the head of the table սեղանի գլխավերևում. at the head of a page էջի սկզբում. at the head of the bed մահճակալի գլխավերևում. be the head of a field մրզ. առաջինը լինել. (առարկաներ) a head of cabbage մի գլուխ կաղամբ. a head of a pin/flo wer/nail քո րոցի/ծաղիկի/մեխի գլխիկ head of an axe կացնի գլուխ. a glass of beer with a head մի բաժակ գարե ջուր փրփուրով. (խելք) a clear head պայծառ միտք. count in one’s head մտքում հաշվել. off one’s head խելքը տեղում չլինել. It’s above my head Իմ հասկացողությունից վեր է. have a good head լավ/խելոք գլուխ ունենալ. Use your head! Լավ մտա ծիր. Two heads are better than one Մի խելքը լավ է, երկուսն` ավելի լավ. It never entered my head Երբեք մտքովս չի անցել. have an old head on young shoulders իր տարիքից ավելի խելա ցի լինել. lose one’s head գլուխը կորցնել. take into one’s head գլուխը մտցնել. go clean out of one’s head գլխից/մտքից լրիվ դուրս թռչել. put heads together գլուխ գլխի տալ. make head or tail of it բան չհասկանալ. have a strong head for drink have a bit of head գլխացավ ունենալ. On your head be it Թող դա քո խղճի վրա լինի. give smn his head գործողություններին ազա տու թյուն տալ. keep one’s head սառնասրտու թյուն պահպանել. make head against դիմադրել, ընդդիմանալ. հմկրգ. գլխիկ արտաքին սարքի. head block գլխա վոր բլոկ. head crash (սկա վառակի) գլխիկի վթարII[hed] v գլխավորել, ղեկավարել. head a delegation/movement ղեկավարել պատ վի րակությունը/շարժումը. (ուղղվել, ուղևորվել) head for home տուն ուղղվել. head for troubles փխբ. զոռով փորձանքի մեջ ընկնել -
42 lay
I 1. [lei] past tense, past participle - laid; verb1) (to place, set or put (down), often carefully: She laid the clothes in a drawer / on a chair; He laid down his pencil; She laid her report before the committee.) pousar2) (to place in a lying position: She laid the baby on his back.) deitar3) (to put in order or arrange: She went to lay the table for dinner; to lay one's plans / a trap.) preparar4) (to flatten: The animal laid back its ears; The wind laid the corn flat.) achatar5) (to cause to disappear or become quiet: to lay a ghost / doubts.) aplacar6) ((of a bird) to produce (eggs): The hen laid four eggs; My hens are laying well.) pôr7) (to bet: I'll lay five pounds that you don't succeed.) apostar•- layer2. verb(to put, cut or arrange in layers: She had her hair layered by the hairdresser.) pôr em camadas- layabout- lay-by
- layout
- laid up
- lay aside
- lay bare
- lay by
- lay down
- lay one's hands on
- lay hands on
- lay in
- lay low
- lay off
- lay on
- lay out
- lay up
- lay waste II see lie II III [lei] adjective1) (not a member of the clergy: lay preachers.) laico2) (not an expert or a professional (in a particular subject): Doctors tend to use words that lay people don't understand.) leigo•- laymanIV [lei] noun(an epic poem.)* * *lay1[lei] n 1 situação, posição, configuração. 2 postura. 3 camada. 4 parte nos lucros, quinhão. 5 ramo de negócios, atividade, ocupação, emprego. 6 vulg ato sexual. 7 vulg parceiro no ato sexual. • vt+vi (ps and pp laid) 1 derrubar, deitar, prostrar, abater. 2 pôr, colocar, assentar. 3 acalmar ou fazer desaparecer, exorcizar, conjurar, aplacar. 4 deitar em posição de repouso, depositar, pousar, estender. 5 dispor, planejar, preparar, arranjar. 6 imputar, atribuir. the crime is being laid to her / o crime está sendo atribuído a ela. 7 apresentar (queixa, protesto). 8 sl ter relações sexuais. 9 enterrar. 10 apontar (armas). 11 localizar(-se). the scene is laid in New York / a cena se passa em Nova York. lay of the land 1 configuração do terreno. 2 estado de coisas. to lay about. a) distribuir socos a esmo. b) atacar com socos ou palavras. to lay a claim to reclamar, reivindicar. to lay an ambush preparar uma emboscada. to lay aside/ away a) pôr de lado, separar, guardar para uso futuro. b) deixar de, largar, abandonar. to lay a tax impor um imposto. to lay bare a) revelar. b) despir, desnudar. to lay before exibir, mostrar, exprimir. to lay blows dar pancadas, socos. to lay bricks assentar tijolos. to lay by economizar, guardar. to lay by the heels aprisionar, prender. to lay down a) depositar, pousar no chão, deitar. b) depor (armas). c) declarar, afirmar. d) pagar, apostar. e) formular, traçar. f) reservar, guardar, armazenar. g) sacrificar. h) construir. to lay down one’s arms render-se. to lay down one’s life sacrificar a vida. to lay down the law repreender com severidade. to lay eggs pôr ovos. to lay fast agarrar e segurar firmemente. to lay fire pôr fogo. to lay hands on a) pôr mãos à obra. b) tocar. c) assaltar. d) agarrar. to lay hands upon oneself suicidar-se. to lay heads together deliberar, conferenciar. to lay hold of/on agarrar, prender, segurar. to lay in armazenar, pôr em estoque. to lay into bater, espancar. to lay it on exagerar bastante. to lay it to one’s door atribuir a culpa a outrem. to lay off a) despedir empregados, cortar pessoal. b) parar. to lay on a) impor, infligir. b) golpear. c) instalar. to lay open a) expor, descobrir. b) explicar. to lay out a) dispor, arranjar, projetar, traçar. b) mostrar, expor. c) gastar, desembolsar. d) vestir defunto. e) nocautear, pôr fora de combate. to lay over cobrir. to lay plans fazer preparativos ou planos. to lay siege to a) sitiar, cercar. b) importunar, assediar. to lay ten dollars on a horse apostar dez dólares num cavalo. to lay the blame on someone responsabilizar, imputar responsabilidade a alguém. to lay the hands on Eccl impor as mãos. to lay the land perder a terra de vista. to lay the loss at avaliar o prejuízo em. to lay the nap of a cloth alisar a lanugem (pano). to lay the table pôr a mesa. to lay to parar (navio). to lay together a) pôr lado a lado. b) somar. to lay to heart a) sentir profundamente. b) tomar seriamente em consideração. to lay to sleep/ rest enterrar. to lay to the oars remar a toda força. to lay under sujeitar a, submeter. to lay up a) armazenar. b) economizar. c) ficar na cama. d) pôr um navio no dique. to lay wait ficar à espreita, emboscar. to lay waste assolar, devastar.————————lay2[lei] vi ps of lie.————————lay3[lei] n 1 balada. 2 fig canção, canto.————————lay4[lei] adj leigo, secular. -
43 knock
I [nɒk]1) (blow) colpo m., botta f.a knock on the head — un colpo sulla, in testa
2) (at door)I'll give you a knock at 7.30 — ti verrò a bussare alle 7.30
3) fig. (setback) colpo m.II 1. [nɒk]to knock one's head on sth. — battere la testa contro qcs.
to knock sb. on the arm with sth. — colpire qcn. al braccio con qcs.
to knock sth. against — fare battere qcs. contro
to knock sb. unconscious — fare perdere i sensi a qcn.
to knock a hole in sth. — fare un buco in qcs
to knock sth. off o out of sth. fare cadere qcs. da qcs.; to knock sb., sth. to the ground fare cadere a terra qcn., qcs.; to knock a nail into sth. piantare un chiodo in qcs.; to knock sb. off his feet — [blast, wave] sollevare qcn
3) colloq. (criticize) criticare [method, person]2.1) (make sound) (involuntarily) [ object] urtare, sbattere (on, against contro); (deliberately) [ person] bussare (at, on a); [ engine] battere in testa2) (collide)to knock into o against sth. urtare contro qcs.; to knock into each other — scontrarsi
•- knock in- knock up••to knock sth. on the head — colloq. mandare a monte qcs.
to be knocking on a bit — colloq. cominciare a invecchiare
* * *[nok] 1. verb1) (to make a sharp noise by hitting or tapping, especially on a door etc to attract attention: Just then, someone knocked at the door.) bussare2) (to cause to move, especially to fall, by hitting (often accidentally): She knocked a vase on to the floor while she was dusting.) urtare3) (to put into a certain state or position by hitting: He knocked the other man senseless.) picchiare4) ((often with against, on) to strike against or bump into: She knocked against the table and spilt his cup of coffee; I knocked my head on the car door.) sbattere2. noun1) (an act of knocking or striking: She gave two knocks on the door; He had a nasty bruise from a knock he had received playing football.) colpo2) (the sound made by a knock, especially on a door etc: Suddenly they heard a loud knock.) colpo•- knocker- knock-kneed
- knock about/around
- knock back
- knock down
- knock off
- knock out
- knock over
- knock up
- get knocked up* * *knock /nɒk/n.1 (rumore di) colpo alla porta; bussata; picchio: I heard two knocks at the door, sentii due colpi alla porta4 (fig.) batosta; brutto colpo; botta; scossone; rovescio: to take a knock, ricevere una batosta; subire un rovescio finanziario5 (fam.) critica; attacco; stroncatura● knock-back, ► knockback □ knock-down, ► knockdown □ (med.) knock-knee, ginocchio valgo □ knock-kneed, (med.) dal ginocchio valgo; che ha le gambe a ics (pop.) □ (ass., GB) knock-for-knock agreement, convenzione di indennizzo diretto □ a knock on the head, un colpo in testa che tramortisce (o che uccide) □ (autom.) knock suppressor, antidetonante □ (fam. GB) on the knock, a credito, a rate; ( anche) porta a porta, a domicilio.♦ (to) knock /nɒk/A v. i.1 bussare; picchiare; battere: to knock on a door, bussare a una porta; Someone's knocking at the door, qualcuno bussa alla porta; bussano alla porta2 battere; sbattere; sbatacchiare; urtare; andare a sbattere: Something was knocking against the window, c'era qualcosa che sbatteva (o sbatacchiava) contro la finestra; My heart was knocking with fear, mi batteva forte il cuore per la paura3 ( anche to knock together) urtarsi; scontrarsi; sbattere insieme: My knees were knocking ( together), mi tremavano violentemente le ginocchiaB v. t.1 battere; picchiare; urtare: I knocked my knee on ( o against) the knob, ho battuto (o picchiato) il ginocchio contro il pomello; She knocked the lamp and it crashed on the floor, urtò la lampada che cadde a terra2 picchiare; colpire: to knock sb. on the head, colpire q. sulla testa; tramortire q.; ( anche, eufem.) uccidere q.; to knock sb. unconscious, colpire q. facendogli perdere i sensi a q.3 sbatacchiare: Don't knock those bottles!, non sbatacchiare quelle bottiglie!4 fare ( un buco, un'apertura, ecc., con un colpo o a colpi): He knocked a hole in the screen, con un pugno, fece un buco nel paravento; to knock a hole in a wall for a new window, creare un'apertura in un muro per una nuova finestra5 (seguito da avv. o compl., ► anche sotto i vari verbi frasali) allontanare, far cadere, spingere con un colpo: to knock st. away, allontanare qc. con un colpo: She knocked his hand away, lei gli spinse via la mano con forza; The blow knocked him off the chair, il colpo lo fece cadere dalla sedia; (fam.) I'll knock your teeth down your throat!, ti spedisco i denti in gola!6 (fam.) criticare, attaccare; dare addosso a; parlare male di; stroncare (q. o qc.): (comm.) to knock a product, parlare male di un prodotto7 (solo alla forma progressiva) (fam.) andare per ( una data età): He's knocking seventy, va per i settanta● to knock sb. cold, atterrare q. (con un colpo) facendogli perdere i sensi; mettere q. fuori combattimento; (fig.) sbalordire, lasciare esterrefatto q. □ (fam.) to knock sb. dead (o for six, sideways), sbalordire q.; lasciare di stucco (o di sasso) q.; lasciare secco q. (fam.) □ (fam.) to knock st. for six, mandare all'aria qc.; gettare nel caos qc. □ (fam.) to knock sb. flat, gettare a terra (o atterrare) q. ( con un colpo); stendere q.; (fig.) sbalordire q., lasciare di stucco (o di sasso) q. □ to knock head, toccare il suolo con la fronte ( saluto cinese) □ (fam.) to be knocking one's head against a brick wall, sbattere la testa contro il muro □ (fam.) to knock people's heads together, fare una ramanzina, dare una lavata di capo a q. ( due o più persone) □ (fam.) to knock [sb., st.] into a cocked hat, essere infinitamente superiore a, dare dei punti a; battere alla grande, stracciare, suonarle a; demolire ( una teoria, ecc.); mandare all'aria ( un progetto, ecc.) □ (fam.) to knock st. into sb. 's head, fare entrare qc. in testa a q.: inculcare qc. in q. □ (fam. GB) to knock sb. into the middle of next week, stendere q. con un pugno □ to knock two rooms into one, fare di due stanze una stanza sola abbattendo la parete divisoria □ (fam.) to knock st. into shape, rimettere a posto qc.; riorganizzare qc. □ to knock st. off a list, togliere qc. da un elenco □ (fam.) to knock sb. off his pedestal, tirare giù q. dal piedistallo □ (fam.) to knock a few years off one's age, togliersi qualche anno dall'età; denunciare qualche anno in meno □ (fam. GB) to knock st. on the head, mandare a monte, far fallire ( un piano, ecc.) □ ( USA) to knock on wood, toccare ferro ( per scaramanzia) □ (fam.) to knock some sense into sb., fare entrare in testa un po' di buon senso a q.; far ragionare q. □ (fam.) to knock them in the aisles, ( di spettacolo comico) essere spassosissimo; far ridere a crepapelle; essere un gran successo.* * *I [nɒk]1) (blow) colpo m., botta f.a knock on the head — un colpo sulla, in testa
2) (at door)I'll give you a knock at 7.30 — ti verrò a bussare alle 7.30
3) fig. (setback) colpo m.II 1. [nɒk]to knock one's head on sth. — battere la testa contro qcs.
to knock sb. on the arm with sth. — colpire qcn. al braccio con qcs.
to knock sth. against — fare battere qcs. contro
to knock sb. unconscious — fare perdere i sensi a qcn.
to knock a hole in sth. — fare un buco in qcs
to knock sth. off o out of sth. fare cadere qcs. da qcs.; to knock sb., sth. to the ground fare cadere a terra qcn., qcs.; to knock a nail into sth. piantare un chiodo in qcs.; to knock sb. off his feet — [blast, wave] sollevare qcn
3) colloq. (criticize) criticare [method, person]2.1) (make sound) (involuntarily) [ object] urtare, sbattere (on, against contro); (deliberately) [ person] bussare (at, on a); [ engine] battere in testa2) (collide)to knock into o against sth. urtare contro qcs.; to knock into each other — scontrarsi
•- knock in- knock up••to knock sth. on the head — colloq. mandare a monte qcs.
to be knocking on a bit — colloq. cominciare a invecchiare
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44 lay
I [leɪ] II [leɪ]1) [ worker] non esperto, non specializzato2) relig. [preacher, member] laicoIII [leɪ]nome pop. spreg. chiavata f., scopata f.IV 1. [leɪ]verbo transitivo (pass., p.pass. laid)1) (place) posare, porre, mettere [object, card]; (spread out) stendere [rug, blanket, covering]; (arrange) collocare, disporre; deporre [ wreath]to lay hands on sth. — fig. (find) mettere mano a qcs.
to lay hands on sb. — relig. imporre le mani su qcn
2) (set for meal) apparecchiare, mettere [ table]4) (fix in place) posare [carpet, tiles, cable, mine]; costruire [railway, road]5) zool. deporre [ egg]6) fig. sporgere [charge, complaint]; muovere [ accusation]; gettare [curse, spell]to lay stress o emphasis on sth. — porre l'accento su qcs
8) pop. (have sex with) scopare2.- lay by- lay down- lay in- lay into- lay off- lay on- lay open- lay out- lay up••to lay a finger o hand on sb. — (beat) alzare un dito contro qcn., mettere le mani addosso a qcn
* * *I 1. [lei] past tense, past participle - laid; verb1) (to place, set or put (down), often carefully: She laid the clothes in a drawer / on a chair; He laid down his pencil; She laid her report before the committee.)2) (to place in a lying position: She laid the baby on his back.)3) (to put in order or arrange: She went to lay the table for dinner; to lay one's plans / a trap.)4) (to flatten: The animal laid back its ears; The wind laid the corn flat.)5) (to cause to disappear or become quiet: to lay a ghost / doubts.)6) ((of a bird) to produce (eggs): The hen laid four eggs; My hens are laying well.)7) (to bet: I'll lay five pounds that you don't succeed.)•- layer2. verb(to put, cut or arrange in layers: She had her hair layered by the hairdresser.) scalare; fare a strati- layabout- lay-by
- layout
- laid up
- lay aside
- lay bare
- lay by
- lay down
- lay one's hands on
- lay hands on
- lay in
- lay low
- lay off
- lay on
- lay out
- lay up
- lay waste II see lie II III [lei] adjective1) (not a member of the clergy: lay preachers.)2) (not an expert or a professional (in a particular subject): Doctors tend to use words that lay people don't understand.)•- laymanIV [lei] noun(an epic poem.)* * *I [leɪ] adjRel laico (-a), secolare, (brother, sister) laico (-a), (fig: non-specialist) profano (-a)II [leɪ] ptSee:lie IIIII [leɪ] laid pt, pp1. vt1) (put, set) mettere, posare, (carpet) stendere, (bricks) posare, (cable, pipe) installare, fare la posa di, (trail) lasciare, (subj: bird: egg) deporre, fareto lay the facts/one's proposals before sb — presentare i fatti/delle proposte a qn
to be laid to rest — (euph: buried) essere sepolto (-a)
to get laid fam! — scopare fam!
to lay o.s. open to attack/criticism — esporsi agli attacchi/alle critiche
to lay claim to sth — reclamare qc, accampare diritti mpl su qc
to lay odds or a bet on sth — scommettere su qc
3) (settle: ghost) placare, esorcizzare, (doubts, fears) eliminare, dissipare2. vi(bird) fare le uova, deporre le uova•- lay by- lay down- lay in- lay into- lay off- lay on- lay out- lay over- lay up* * *lay (1) /leɪ/n.1 [u] disposizione; posizione; configurazione: the lay of the land, la configurazione del terreno; (fig.) la situazione attuale4 (fam.) ramo d'affari; lavoro; attività5 (fam.) prezzo6 (volg.) scopata, chiavata (volg.)lay (2) /leɪ/n.(letter.) lai; canzone; lamento.lay (3) /leɪ/a. attr.2 incompetente; profano● (leg., in Inghil.) lay judge, giudice onorario ( non di carriera); giudice di pace □ lay reader, (relig.) predicatore laico; (fig.) profano □ (relig.) lay sister, sorella laica; conversa □ lay status, laicato; condizione secolare.lay (4) /leɪ/pass. di to lie (2).♦ (to) lay /leɪ/(pass. e p. p. laid)A v. t.1 posare; porre; mettere; mettere a posto; collocare; distendere; stendere; spalmare: He laid the keys on the desk, ha posato le chiavi sulla scrivania; to lay bricks, posare i mattoni l'uno sull'altro; to lay the foundation of st., porre (o gettare) le fondamenta di qc.; to lay a railway track, posare un binario; to lay the cloth, stendere (o mettere) la tovaglia; to lay a bomb, mettere una bomba; to lay paint [plaster], stendere la vernice [l'intonaco]2 deporre, fare ( uova); fare le uova: Hens lay eggs, le galline fanno le uova; Reptiles lay eggs, i rettili depongono le uova3 calmare; acquietare; smorzare; fugare; placare: The rain has laid the dust, la pioggia ha smorzato la polvere; to lay sb. 's doubts, fugare ogni dubbio dalla mente di q.4 preparare; progettare; elaborare; fare: to lay a fire, preparare (o disporre la legna, il carbone per) il fuoco; to lay one's plans carefully, preparare accuratamente i propri piani5 mettere innanzi a; esporre; presentare; muovere ( accuse): The lawyer laid his case before the court, l'avvocato ha presentato (o ha esposto) il caso al tribunale6 imporre; dare ( ordini, ecc.): to lay heavy taxes on st., imporre balzelli gravosi su qc.; to lay strict injunctions on sb., dare severi ordini a q.7 coprire; ricoprire; rivestire: to lay a floor with wall-to-wall carpeting, coprire un pavimento con la moquette8 scommettere; fare ( una scommessa); puntare: We laid a wager on who would come in first, facemmo una scommessa su chi sarebbe arrivato primo; I'll lay ten pounds that she'll be late, scommetto dieci sterline che arriverà in ritardo9 appianare; spianare; lisciare10 attribuire; ascrivere; imputare: The murder was laid to a neighbour, un vicino di casa è stato ritenuto responsabile dell'assassinioB v. i.● (fig.) to lay st. at sb. 's door, dare la colpa di qc. a q. □ (fig.) aprire: to lay bare one's heart, mettere a nudo il proprio cuore □ to lay the blame for st. on sb., attribuire la colpa di qc. a q. □ (fig.) to lay sb. by the heels, imprigionare q.; incarcerare q. □ to lay claim to, avanzare una pretesa su; pretendere a: The prince laid claim to the English throne, il principe pretendeva al trono d'Inghilterra □ (leg.) to lay a claim to a right, rivendicare un diritto □ to lay a course, (naut.) seguire una rotta; (fig.) seguire una linea di condotta □ (leg., ass.) to lay damages at a certain sum, fissare una certa somma come risarcimento dei danni □ to lay eyes on, gettare l'occhio (o lo sguardo) su □ (agric.) to lay fallow, lasciare ( un terreno) a maggese □ to lay a finger on, toccare ( con intenzioni ostili): Don't you dare lay a finger on him!, non azzardarti a toccarlo neanche con un dito! □ to lay sb. flat, abbattere (o buttare a terra) q.; stendere q. (fam.) □ to lay great [little] store upon st., dare grande [scarsa] importanza a qc. □ to lay hands on oneself, uccidersi; suicidarsi □ to lay hands on sb., mettere le mani addosso a q.; (relig.) imporre le mani su q. ( per consacrarlo, ordinarlo sacerdote) □ to lay hands on st., metter le mani su qc.; impadronirsi di qc. □ (fig.) to lay heads together, mettersi insieme a discutere (o a far progetti) □ to lay a hedge, mettere a dimora una siepe □ to lay hold of (o on), afferrare (o prendere); (fig.) approfittare di, trarre vantaggio da □ to lay one's hopes on sb., riporre le proprie speranze in q. □ to lay sb. low, abbattere (o atterrare) q.; (fig.: di malattia) buttare giù q. □ to lay oneself open to attack, prestare il fianco agli attacchi □ to lay open, scoprire, esporre; svelare; tagliare, spaccare: to lay open a wound, scoprire una ferita; to lay open a plot, svelare una congiura; to lay one's cheek [arm, leg] open, prodursi uno squarcio in una guancia [un braccio, una gamba] □ (stor.) to lay siege to a castle, mettere l'assedio a un castello □ to lay a trap, [an ambush], tendere una trappola, [un'imboscata] □ ( slang autom., USA) to lay some rubber, sgommare; partire sgommando □ to lay stress (o emphasis) on st., dare un gran peso a qc. □ to lay the table, apparecchiare (la tavola): DIALOGO → - Dinner 2- Can you lay the table?, puoi apparecchiare? □ to lay st. to sb. 's charge, dare la colpa di qc. a q. □ to lay st. to heart, prendersi a cuore qc. □ (fig. eufem.) to lay sb. to rest (o to sleep), seppellire q. □ to lay waste, devastare, mettere a ferro e fuoco ( un paese, ecc.).NOTA D'USO: - to lay / to lie-* * *I [leɪ] II [leɪ]1) [ worker] non esperto, non specializzato2) relig. [preacher, member] laicoIII [leɪ]nome pop. spreg. chiavata f., scopata f.IV 1. [leɪ]verbo transitivo (pass., p.pass. laid)1) (place) posare, porre, mettere [object, card]; (spread out) stendere [rug, blanket, covering]; (arrange) collocare, disporre; deporre [ wreath]to lay hands on sth. — fig. (find) mettere mano a qcs.
to lay hands on sb. — relig. imporre le mani su qcn
2) (set for meal) apparecchiare, mettere [ table]4) (fix in place) posare [carpet, tiles, cable, mine]; costruire [railway, road]5) zool. deporre [ egg]6) fig. sporgere [charge, complaint]; muovere [ accusation]; gettare [curse, spell]to lay stress o emphasis on sth. — porre l'accento su qcs
8) pop. (have sex with) scopare2.- lay by- lay down- lay in- lay into- lay off- lay on- lay open- lay out- lay up••to lay a finger o hand on sb. — (beat) alzare un dito contro qcn., mettere le mani addosso a qcn
-
45 lay
I 1. [lei] past tense, past participle - laid; verb1) (to place, set or put (down), often carefully: She laid the clothes in a drawer / on a chair; He laid down his pencil; She laid her report before the committee.) položiti, odložiti, predložiti2) (to place in a lying position: She laid the baby on his back.) položiti3) (to put in order or arrange: She went to lay the table for dinner; to lay one's plans / a trap.) pripraviti4) (to flatten: The animal laid back its ears; The wind laid the corn flat.) poleči5) (to cause to disappear or become quiet: to lay a ghost / doubts.) razpršiti6) ((of a bird) to produce (eggs): The hen laid four eggs; My hens are laying well.) (z)nesti7) (to bet: I'll lay five pounds that you don't succeed.) staviti•- layer2. verb(to put, cut or arrange in layers: She had her hair layered by the hairdresser.) stopničasto pristriči- layabout- lay-by
- layout
- laid up
- lay aside
- lay bare
- lay by
- lay down
- lay one's hands on
- lay hands on
- lay in
- lay low
- lay off
- lay on
- lay out
- lay up
- lay waste II see lie II III [lei] adjective1) (not a member of the clergy: lay preachers.) laičen2) (not an expert or a professional (in a particular subject): Doctors tend to use words that lay people don't understand.) navaden•- laymanIV [lei] noun(an epic poem.)* * *I [lei]1.transitive verbpoložiti, polagati, odložiti, odlagati, postaviti; (z)nesti jajca, pripraviti (kurjavo, mizo) prekriti podložiti obložiti ( with, tla itd. s čim); nanesti (barvo); predložiti, vložiti (npr. zahtevo, before pri); pripisati, pripisovati (to komu); zasnovati (načrt); poleči (žito); pomiriti, umiriti, ublažiti (veter, valove); military nameriti (top); splesti (vrv); naložiti (kazen), na.ložiti jih komu; zastaviti (čast, glavo); vulgar spolno občevati;2.intransitive verbvaliti (jajca); stavitito lay an accusation against — obtožiti, vložiti tožboto lay bare — razgaliti, odkritito lay one's bones — položiti svoje kosti, pokopatito lay claim to — postaviti svojo zahtevo; zahtevati kaj zaseto lay the cloth ( —ali the table) — pogrniti, pripraviti mizoto lay the dust — poškropiti, da se poleže prahto lay eyes on — zagledati, opazitito lay fault to s.o. — pripisati komu krivdoto lay one's finger on — s prstom kaj pokazati, najtito lay a finger on — položiti roko na koga, tepstito lay for — zalezovati, čakati v zasedito lay hands on — dobiti v roke, polastiti se, dvigniti roko na kogato lay hands on o.s. — napraviti samomorto lay hold on ( —ali of) — zgrabiti, prijeti; figuratively ujeti se za kajto lay one's hopes on — veliko pričakovati od, staviti upe nato lay heads together — stikati glave, posvetovati seto lay s.th. to heart — gnati si kaj k srau, položiti na srceto lay low ( —ali in the dust) — podreti, pobiti na tla; figuratively ponižatito lay open — odkriti, razodetito lay o.s. open — izpostaviti seto lay s.th. on the shelf — odložiti kakšno deloto lay (great, little) store upon — pripisovati (veliko, majhno) važnost čemuto lay s.o. under an obligation — naložiti komu nalogoto lay s.o. under necessity — prisiliti kogato lay s.o. under contribution — pripraviti koga, da kaj prispevato lay the whip to s.o.'s back — (pre)bičati kogaII [lei]preteriteod lie4III [lei]noun(zemljepisna) lega, položaj; smer, usmerjenost; delitev ribiškega ulova; slang delo, poklic; American delež pri dobičku, zaslužek, cena, nakupni pogojithe lay of the land — topografska lega; figuratively situacija, položajIV [lei]adjectiveposveten, laičenlay clerk — cerkveni pevec, župnijski pisarlay lord — član angl. Zgornjega dorna, ki se ne bavi z zakonodajoV [lei]nounpoetically pesem, napev, balada -
46 head
n. 1. толгой, тэргүүн. hang down one's head тэргүүнээ гудайлгах, гуних, гутрах. 2. тоо толгой. twenty \head of cattle хорин үхэр. 3. толгойлогч, удирдагч. 4. ухаан, авьяас билиг. He has a good \head for figures. Тэр тооны хичээлд тун сайн юм. 5. юмны толгой. 6. орой, үзүүр. 7. толгойны өвчин. I`ve got a terrible \head this morning. Өнөө өглөө миний толгой тун сүрхий өвдсөн шүү. 8. зоосны сүлдтэй тал. above/ over sb's head ухаан хүрэхгүй, ойлгох аргагүй. The lecture was/ went way above my \head. Лекцнээс би юу ч ойлгож авсангүй. a/ per head нэг хүнд, хүн бүрт. put heads together зөвлөлдөх, хэлэлцэх. bang, etc one's head against a brick wall нэвтэршгүй саадтай тулгарах, бүтэхгүй юмаар хөөцөлдөх. be/ stand head and shoulders above sb/ sth бусдаас хавьгүй илүү байх, хамаагүй сайн байх. She's \head and shoulders above other players. Бусад тоглогчдоос тэр үнэхээр илүү юмаа. go off one's head ухаанаа алдах. go to the head 1. толгойд гарах, согтох. 2. алдар, нэр хүндэд толгой нь эргэх, сагсуурах. have one's head in clouds 1. хайнга байх. 2. бүтэшгүй юманд зорих, биелэшгүй зүйл мөрөөдөх. hold one's head high бардам загнах, бардах. turn sb's head толгой эргүүлэх. The success of his first novel completely turned his \head. Анхны өгүүллэг нь нэрд гарсан явдалд тэр бүр сагсуурчихаад байгаа юм. put out of one's head мартах. keep one's head тайван байх. headed adj. толгой үсэгтэй. headless adj. 1. толгойгүй. a \head corpse толгойгүй цогцос. 2. ухаангүй, солиотой. head adj. 1. гол, тэргүүлэх, зонхилох. 2. толгойн, урд талын. 3. тэргүүний, дэвшилттэй. v. 1. толгойлох, тэргүүлэх, удирдах. \head a rebellion бослого удирдах; \head a government засгийн газар толгойлох; \head a delegation төлөөлөгчдийг тэргүүлэх. 2. чиглэх, зүглэх. Where are you \heading? Та нар хаашаа зүглэж явна вэ? The captain \headed the ship northward. Ахмад онгоцоо хойд зүг залав. 3. гарчиг тавих. 4. sport мөргөх. \head the ball into the goal бөмбөгийг хаалганд мөргөж оруулах. head off зам хаах, саад болох. \head off reporters сурвалжлагчдын замыг хаах; сурвалжлага хийхэд нь саад болох. -
47 knock
nok 1. verb1) (to make a sharp noise by hitting or tapping, especially on a door etc to attract attention: Just then, someone knocked at the door.) banke (på), knakke2) (to cause to move, especially to fall, by hitting (often accidentally): She knocked a vase on to the floor while she was dusting.) slå3) (to put into a certain state or position by hitting: He knocked the other man senseless.) slå, banke opp4) ((often with against, on) to strike against or bump into: She knocked against the table and spilt his cup of coffee; I knocked my head on the car door.) løpe/renne på, slå imot2. noun1) (an act of knocking or striking: She gave two knocks on the door; He had a nasty bruise from a knock he had received playing football.) bank(ing), slag, dunk2) (the sound made by a knock, especially on a door etc: Suddenly they heard a loud knock.) banking•- knocker- knock-kneed
- knock about/around
- knock back
- knock down
- knock off
- knock out
- knock over
- knock up
- get knocked upbanke--------dunkeIsubst. \/nɒk\/1) slag2) smell, støt, dunk3) ( på dør) banking, knakking4) ( i motor) banking, hugging5) (hverdagslig, cricket) inneperiode, omgang, innings6) ( hverdagslig) negativ kritikk7) (britisk, slang) forklaring: en byder som samarbeider med andre under en auksjon for så å videreselge varene og dele fortjenesten8) (britisk, slang) skinnauksjon, forklaring: auksjon hvor flere bydere samarbeider9) (britisk, slang) forklaring: salg av varer som nylig er anskaffet rimelig på auksjontake a\/the knock få en knekk, bli ruinertIIverb \/nɒk\/1) slå, dunke, denge, hamre, dundre2) ( også overført) forklaring: sette noe i bevegelse ved å slå3) ( på dør) banke på, knakke4) ( hverdagslig) kritisere, rakke ned på5) (britisk, slang) forbløffe, imponere, slå an hos6) ( om motor) dunke, slå, hugge7) støte sammen, kollidere med8) ( vulgært) knulleknock about\/around mishandle, slå, behandle stygt (også overført) ( hverdagslig) flakke omkring, streife omkring, drive dank( hverdagslig) leve et spennende omflakkende livhan har opplevd mye rart \/ han har levd livetknock about with someone vanke sammen med noen, henge sammen med noenknock against støte mot, slå mot, kollidere med møte på, støte på, treffe påknock along with ( hverdagslig) komme overens medknock at banke på, knakke påknock back ( hverdagslig) hive i seg, sluke, spise eller drikke fort(britisk, hverdagslig) koste (en person) et visst beløp(austr., newzealandsk, slang) nekte, avvise, avslå bringe ut av fatningknock down ( om person) slå ned, slå i gulvet ( om ting) slå overende, rive overende (om maskin, møbel e.l.) demontere for transport ( om bygning) rive ned ( på auksjon) selge, klubbe(hverdagslig, om pris) senke, slå av påjeg fikk henne til å gå ned 5%(amer., slang) begå underslag (særlig fra arbeidsgiver)(austr., newzealandsk) bruke (en sjekk e.l.) fritt (amer., slang) tjene, ha i inntektknocked up utmattet, fullstendig utslittknock in slå inn, slå iknock it off! slutt med det, gi deg(amer., slang, særlig om jobb) slutte (med), ta kveldenkvitte seg med, få unna, få fra hånden ( hverdagslig) smelle sammen, lage på stående fot( slang) stjele, knabbe ( slang) gjøre innbrudd i ( slang) drepe, myrde (britisk, slang, vulgært, nedsettende) knulle, pule (en kvinne)knock on slå mot( rugby) forklaring: føre (ballen) med hånden eller armen mot motstanderens mållinjeknock one's head against a brick wall ( overført) stange hodet mot veggen, støte på vanskeligheterknock on the head forklaring: svimeslå eller drepe noen ved slag i hodet (britisk, hverdagslig, overført) sette en stopper for, torpedereslutte medknock out ( om tobakkspipe) tømme, banke ut av ( boksing) slå knockout på, slå bevisstløs slå, beseire, sette ut av spill ( overført) lamslå, forbløffe ( hverdagslig) smelle sammen, smøre sammenfå unna, kvitte seg med (amer., hverdagslig) slite ut, utmatte ødelegge (austr., newzealandsk, slang) tjene, få utbetaltknock out a living livnære seg, klare segknock over slå overende, rive overende overrumple, oppskake, overvelde ( slang) gjøre innbrudd iknock somebody cold slå noen bevisstløs slå noen med undringknock somebody flat slå noen i bakkenknock somebody into the middle of next week slå noen gul og blå, slå noen veggimellomknock somebody off their feet slå bena vekk under noenknock somebody's head off ( overført) slå inn skallen på noenknock somebody's heads together tvinge noen til å forlikesknock something into shape få fasong på noe, gjøre noe presentabelt, få skikk på noeknock the bar off ( sport) rive bommenknock the bottom out of slå bunnen ut av, slå hull påknock together smelle sammen, smøre sammen slå mot hverandreknock to pieces ( også overført) slå i småbiterknock under to somebody bøye seg for noen, underkaste seg noenknock up ( hverdagslig) flikke sammen, smøre sammen, smelle sammen, improvisere(britisk, hverdagslig) jage opp, vekke (ved å banke på døren) slå oppover bli sliten, bli syk, bli dårlig gjøre sliten, gjøre syk, gjøre dårlig ( cricket) ta poeng ( om ting) ødelegge, slå i stykker ( om person) skade (amer., slang) kjøre på tjukken, sette barn på, gjøre gravid (britisk, i ballspill) trene, varme opp før en kampknock up against ( hverdagslig) støte på, treffe på, møte -
48 knock
[nɔk] 1. гл.1) стучать, барабанитьto knock at / on the door — стучать в дверь
We have knocked double-knocks at the street-door. — Мы дважды постучали во входную дверь.
I've been knocking away for ages, but nobody has answered the door. — Я стучал целую вечность, но никто так и не открыл дверь.
2)а) ударять, бить, колотитьto knock smb. unconscious — выбить из кого-либо дух, вырубить кого-либо
б) = knock about / around пинать, гонять ( мяч)There's nothing to do here; let's go into that field and knock a ball about for an hour or so. — Здесь нечего делать; пойдём на то поле, попинаем мяч с часок.
в) ( knock into) = knock in вбивать во (что-л.)Syn:г) ( knock down) опрокидывать, сбиватьJim was knocked down by a bus. — Джим был сбит автобусом.
д) ( knock off) сбрасывать, сталкиватьJust when I had put the glass safely down on the table, the cat jumped up and knocked it off. — Только-только я поставил стакан на стол, как туда запрыгнула кошка и столкнула его на пол.
е) ( knock out) выбивать, вытряхиватьKnock the ash out before you refill your pipe. — Прежде чем заново набить трубку, вытряхните из неё пепел.
ж) ( knock up) подбросить, толкнуть вверхA man in the crowd knocked my arm up and I dropped my bag. — Человек в толпе двинул мне по руке и выхватил у меня сумку.
3) = knock together резко ударяться, стукаться; сталкиваться; неожиданно встречатьсяSyn:4) разг. поражать, ошеломлятьWasn't she in pantomime? Bet she knocked them. — А она участвовала в пантомиме? Бьюсь об заклад, она их ошеломила.
The unexpected news fairly knocked me back. — Неожиданная новость просто ошеломила меня.
Her beauty knocked out every man in the room. — Её красота ошеломила всех мужчин в комнате.
Syn:5) груб. трахать; обрюхатитьI've knocked some girls in my time but I've never had such a rabbiter as you. — Каких я только девиц не трахал в своей жизни, но такой похотливой бабы, как ты, ещё не встречал.
6) амер.; разг. резко критиковать; наезжать, нападатьI shouldn't like you to get the idea I'm trying to knock Portugal and the Portuguese. — Мне бы не хотелось, чтобы ты думал, будто я качу бочку на Португалию и португальцев.
7) работать с перебоями, стучать ( о двигателе)•- knock back
- knock down
- knock in
- knock off
- knock on
- knock out
- knock over
- knock through
- knock together
- knock under
- knock up••to knock smb. off his pins — ошеломить кого-л.
to knock their heads together — привести в чувство, заставить образумиться
to knock smb. into a cocked hat — исколошматить кого-л., одолеть кого-л., нанести поражение (кому-л.); разбить в пух и прах; превзойти, затмить
to knock smb. into the middle of next week — всыпать кому-л. по первое число; потрясти, ошеломить кого-л.
- knock home- knock the bottom out of
- knock on the head
- knock the spots off 2. сущ.1) ударThe bag have tough exterior materials to protect its contents against knocks, rain and dust. — У сумки плотная наружная ткань, чтобы предохранить ее содержимое от ударов, дождя и пыли.
Syn:blow ISyn:rap I 1.3) разг. удар, неприятность, неудачаto take the knock — потерпеть неудачу; получить моральный удар
He's taken quite a few hard knocks lately. — В последнее время его постиг ряд серьёзных неудач.
Syn:4) ( knocks) амер.; разг. придирки, нападки; резкая критикаHe likes praise but can't stand the knocks. — Он любит похвалу, но не выносит критики.
5) тех. детонация6) разг. совокупление, половой акт•• -
49 head
n. глава;2. (pl. без промени) грло (добиток);3. глава, раководител;4. главче (на клинец), главица (зелка);5. врв, криза; to bring to a head - заострува; to come, to a head - достига критична точка;6. преден делadj. the head of - на чело;7. лице на монета, "глава"; to make head - се пробива; to make head against - дава отпор; to turn somebody's head - завртува глава на некого; to lay heads together - се советува, се договара; off one's head - надвор од себе; to go off one's head - губи глава; to put out of one's head - исфрла од глава, заборава; over one's head - над нечија моќ и сфаќањеadj. главен, водечки;2. напреден;3. челенv. предводи, управува;2. тргнува, држи правец; to head back, to head off - препречува (пат), прави тешкотии; глава; компј. види read/write head; управува; главен -
50 bang
A n1 ( noise) (of gun, firework, bomb, burst balloon) détonation f, boum m ; (of door, window) claquement m ; to hear a loud bang entendre une forte détonation or un grand boum ;C adv ○ bang in the middle en plein centre ; to arrive bang on time arriver à l'heure pile ; bang on target lit en plein dans le mille ; production is bang on target on a atteint pile ○ nos objectifs de production ; the technology is bang up to date la technologie est des plus récentes.E vtr1 ( place sth noisily) to bang sth down on poser bruyamment qch sur ; to bang down the receiver raccrocher brutalement ;2 ( causing pain) to bang one's head se cogner la tête (on contre) ; I'll bang your heads together! ( to two children) vous allez recevoir tous les deux des claques! ;3 ( strike) taper sur [drum, saucepan] ; to bang one's fist on the table, to bang the table with one's fist taper du poing sur la table ;4 ( slam) claquer [door, window] ;5 ● ( have sex with) se taper ● [woman].F vi1 ( strike) to bang on cogner à [wall, door] ; he banged on the table with his fist il a tapé du poing sur la table ; to bang against se cogner contre [table, chair] ;2 ( make noise) [door, shutter] claquer ; to bang shut se fermer en claquant ; to bang in the wind claquer au vent ;3 ● ( have sex) baiser ●.bang goes ○ my holiday/my promotion je peux dire adieu à mes vacances/ma promotion ; to go out with a bang finir avec un grand éclat.■ bang in:▶ bang [sth] in, bang in [sth] enfoncer [nail, peg, tack] (with à coups de).■ bang into:▶ bang into [sb/sth] heurter.■ bang on about GB:▶ bang on about [sth] ○ rabâcher [subject].■ bang up:▶ bang [sb] up, bang up [sb] GB ( put in jail) boucler ○ ; to be banged up for five years être bouclé pour cinq ans. -
51 two
tu: 1. noun1) (the number or figure 2.) to(tall), toer2) (the age of 2.) toårsalder2. adjective1) (2 in number.) to2) (aged 2.) to (år gammel)•- two-- two-faced
- two-handed
- twosome
- two-way
- two-year-old 3. adjective((of a person, animal or thing) that is two years old.) toårs-, toårig- in twotoIsubst. \/tuː\/toer, totallin two twos øyeblikkelig, på et øyeblikk i en håndvendingIIdeterm. \/tuː\/tocount as two telle som to, gjelde for toin two i stykker, i tu, i to (deler)know two of something ( hverdagslig) vite bedreput two and two together ( overført) legge sammen to og to, trekke sine konklusjonerthat makes two of us ( hverdagslig) da er vi like (du og jeg), det er likedan med meg, det gjelder meg også, da er vi to om detthere are no two words about it eller there are no two ways about it det er ingen tvil om dettwo and two eller two by two to og to, to om gangen parvistwo can play at that game forklaring: uttrykk som indikerer at noen kan vente seg å få igjen med samme mynt eller få smake sin egen medisintwo's company, three's a crowd tre er en for myetwo heads are better than one to hoder tenker bedre enn ett -
52 hang
1. transitive verb,1) (support from above) hängen; aufhängen [Gardinen]hang something from something — etwas an etwas (Dat.) aufhängen
2) (place on wall) aufhängen [Bild, Gemälde, Zeichnung]3) (paste up) ankleben [Tapete]4) (Cookery) abhängen lassen [Fleisch, Wild]hang oneself — sich erhängen od. (ugs.) aufhängen
I'll be or I am hanged if... — (fig.) der Henker soll mich holen, wenn...
hang the expense! — die Kosten interessieren mich nicht
6) (let droop)2. intransitive verb,hang one's head in shame — beschämt den Kopf senken
1) (be supported from above) hängen; [Kleid usw.:] fallenhang from the ceiling — an der Decke hängen
hang by a rope — an einem Strick hängen
hang in there! — (coll.) halte durch!
time hangs heavily or heavy on somebody — die Zeit wird jemandem lang
2) (be executed) hängen3) (droop)the dog's ears and tail hung [down] — der Hund ließ die Ohren und den Schwanz hängen
3. noun, no pl.his head hung — er hielt den Kopf gesenkt
get the hang of — (fig. coll.): (get the knack of, understand) klarkommen mit (ugs.) [Gerät, Arbeit]
you'll soon get the hang of it/doing it — du wirst den Bogen bald raushaben (ugs.) /wirst bald raushaben, wie man es macht
Phrasal Verbs:- hang about- hang back- hang on- hang out- hang together- hang up* * *[hæŋ]past tense, past participle - hung; verb1) (to put or fix, or to be put or fixed, above the ground eg by a hook: We'll hang the picture on that wall; The picture is hanging on the wall.) hängen2) (to fasten (something), or to be fastened, at the top or side so that it can move freely but cannot fall: A door hangs by its hinges.) hängen3) ((past tense, past participle hanged) to kill, or to be killed, by having a rope put round the neck and being allowed to drop: Murderers used to be hanged in the United Kingdom, but no-one hangs for murder now.) aufhängen4) ((often with down or out) to be bending, drooping or falling downwards: The dog's tongue was hanging out; Her hair was hanging down.) hängen5) (to bow (one's head): He hung his head in shame.) senken•- hanger- hanging
- hangings
- hangman
- hangover
- get the hang of
- hang about/around
- hang back
- hang in the balance
- hang on
- hang together
- hang up* * *[hæŋ]3. ( fig fam)to get the \hang of sth (master a skill) bei etw dat den [richtigen] Dreh [o Bogen] herausbekommen fam; (understand) auf den [richtigen] Trichter kommen BRD famhe managed to get the \hang of philosophy er kriegte einen Draht zur Philosophie famII. vt<hung, hung>1. (put on hook, hanger)▪ to \hang sth etw aufhängento \hang sth from a hook etw an einem Haken aufhängen▪ to \hang sth painting, etc. etw aufhängenthe Tate Gallery hung her works die Tate Gallery stellte ihre Werke austo \hang a door eine Tür einhängento \hang sth from a nail etw an einem Nagel aufhängen, etw an einen Nagel hängento \hang wallpaper [on a wall] [eine Wand] tapezieren3. (decorate)4.<hung or -ed, hung or -ed>▪ to \hang sb jdn [auf]hängento \hang sb in effigy jdn symbolisch aufhängento be hung [or \hanged], drawn and quartered ( hist) gehängt, gestreckt und gevierteilt werden5. (let droop)to \hang one's head den Kopf hängen lassento \hang one's head in shame beschämt den Kopf senkento \hang fire [es] abwarten [können]8.▶ \hang the cost [or expense]! ganz egal, was es kostet!▶ I'm [or I'll be] \hanged if I know das juckt mich nicht die Bohne! fam, das ist mir Wurst! ÖSTERR, SCHWEIZ fam, das ist mir Blunzen [o ÖSTERR Powidl]! sl▶ you might as well be \hanged [or hung] for a sheep as for a lamb esp BRIT, AUS ( prov) wenn schon, denn schonIII. vi1.<hung, hung>the curtains \hang in thick folds die Vorhänge werfen breite Faltena heavy gold necklace hung around her neck eine schwere Goldkette lag um ihren Halsto \hang from a hook an einem Haken hängen2.<hung, hung>(bend) behangen seinthe branches hung heavy with snow die Äste hingen voll Schnee3.<hanged, hanged>(die by execution) hängen4.<hung, hung>to \hang in the balance ( fig) in der Schwebe sein5.<hung, hung>(rely on)▪ to \hang [up]on sb/sth von jdm/etw abhängen6.<hung, hung>(listen carefully)to \hang on sb's [every] word an jds Lippen hängen7.<hung, hung>(keep)▪ to \hang onto sth etw behalten8.<hung, hung>sb can go \hang! zum Henker [o Kuckuck] mit jdm!, jd kann mir [mal] gestohlen bleiben!9.<hung, hung>to \hang at a place an einem Ort rumhängen [o herumlümmeln] fam, sich akk an einem Ort herumtreiben [o fam herumdrücken10. COMPUT sich aufhängen11.▶ to \hang by a hair [or thread] an einem [dünnen [o seidenen]] Faden hängen* * *[hŋ] vb: pret, ptp hung1. vt1) hängen; painting, curtains, decorations, clothes aufhängen; door, gate einhängen; (COOK) game abhängen lassento hang sth from sth — etw an etw (dat) aufhängen
to hang sth on a hook —
2)the rooms of the castle were hung with priceless pictures — kostbare Gemälde hingen in den Räumen des Schlosses
they hung the windows/streets with bunting — sie schmückten die Fenster/Straßen mit Fahnen
3)4)to hang fire ( lit : guns ) — das Feuer einstellen; ( fig, people ) zögern
I think we should hang fire a little longer (fig) — ich glaube, wir sollten noch etwas (zu)warten
hung, drawn and quartered — gehängt, gestreckt und gevierteilt
6) (inf)(I'm) hanged if I will... — den Teufel werd ich... (inf)
(I'm) hanged if I know — weiß der Henker (inf)
hang the cost! — ist doch piepegal, was es kostet (inf)
2. vi1) (curtains, painting) hängen (on an +dat, from von); (drapery, clothes, hair) fallen; (inelegantly) (herunter)hängen; (pheasant etc) abhängenthe question was left hanging in the air — die Frage blieb im Raum stehen
the hawk hung motionless in the sky — der Falke stand bewegungslos in der Luft
time hangs heavy on my hands —
the constant threat of unemployment hangs over us or our heads — über uns hängt die ständige Angst vor der Arbeitslosigkeit
See:→ also balance3) (criminal) gehängt werden, hängen4)it/he can go hang! (inf) — es/er kann mir gestohlen bleiben (inf)
how's it hanging? ( US sl ) — wie gehts, wie stehts?
3. n2) no pl (inf)to get the hang of doing sth — den Dreh herausbekommen, wie man etw macht (inf)
* * *hang [hæŋ]A s1. Hängen n, Fall m, Sitz m (eines Kleids etc)2. umga) Bedeutung f, Sinn mb) (richtige) Handhabung:get the hang of sth etwas kapieren, hinter etwas kommen, den Dreh rauskriegen bei etwas (alle umg);have the hang of sth etwas kapiert haben, etwas raushaben4. (kurze) Pause, Stillstand m5. Abhang m, Neigung fB v/t prät und pperf hung [hʌŋ] oder (für 9 und 10) hanged1. (from, to, on) aufhängen (an dat), hängen (an akk):hang sth on sb fig jemandem etwas anhängen2. (zum Trocknen etc) aufhängen:hung beef gedörrtes Rindfleisch3. TECH eine Tür, eine Karosserie etc einhängen4. (auf)hängen:I’ll be hanged first! umg eher lasse ich mich hängen!;I’ll be hanged if … umg ich will mich hängen lassen, wenn …;hang it (all)! umg zum Henker damit!5. a) jemanden an den Galgen bringenb) fig jemandem das Genick brechenthe walls were hung with … auch an den Wänden hingen …8. Tapeten anbringen, anklebenit was a hung jury die Geschworenen konnten sich (über die Schuldfrage) nicht einigenC v/i1. hängen, baumeln ( beide:by, on an dat):hang by a thread fig an einem Faden hängen;hang in the air bes fig in der Luft hängen;2. hängen, ein- oder aufgehängt sein3. hängen, gehängt werden:he will hang for it dafür wird er hängen;let sth go hang umg sich den Teufel um etwas scheren;let it go hang! umg zum Henker damit!4. (herab)hängen, fallen (Kleid, Vorhang etc)5. sich senken, sich neigen, abfallen8. unentschlossen sein, zögern* * *1. transitive verb,1) (support from above) hängen; aufhängen [Gardinen]hang something from something — etwas an etwas (Dat.) aufhängen
2) (place on wall) aufhängen [Bild, Gemälde, Zeichnung]3) (paste up) ankleben [Tapete]4) (Cookery) abhängen lassen [Fleisch, Wild]hang oneself — sich erhängen od. (ugs.) aufhängen
I'll be or I am hanged if... — (fig.) der Henker soll mich holen, wenn...
6) (let droop)2. intransitive verb,1) (be supported from above) hängen; [Kleid usw.:] fallenhang in there! — (coll.) halte durch!
time hangs heavily or heavy on somebody — die Zeit wird jemandem lang
2) (be executed) hängen3) (droop)3. noun, no pl.the dog's ears and tail hung [down] — der Hund ließ die Ohren und den Schwanz hängen
get the hang of — (fig. coll.): (get the knack of, understand) klarkommen mit (ugs.) [Gerät, Arbeit]
you'll soon get the hang of it/doing it — du wirst den Bogen bald raushaben (ugs.) /wirst bald raushaben, wie man es macht
Phrasal Verbs:- hang on- hang out- hang up* * *v.(§ p.,p.p.: hung) (•§ p.,p.p.: hanged•)= aufhängen v.hängen v.(§ p.,pp.: hing, gehangen)schweben v. -
53 turn
1. noun1)it's your turn [next] — du bist als nächster/nächste dran (ugs.) od. an der Reihe
wait one's turn — warten, bis man an der Reihe ist
your turn will come — du kommst auch [noch] an die Reihe
he gave it to her, and she in turn passed it on to me — er gab es ihr, und sie wiederum reichte es an mich weiter
out of turn — (before or after one's turn) außer der Reihe; (fig.) an der falschen Stelle [lachen]
excuse me if I'm talking out of turn — (fig.) entschuldige, wenn ich etwas Unpassendes sage
take [it in] turns — sich abwechseln
take turns at doing something, take it in turns to do something — etwas abwechselnd tun
2) (rotary motion) Drehung, diegive the handle a turn — den Griff [herum]drehen
[done] to a turn — genau richtig [zubereitet]
3) (change of direction) Wende, dietake a turn to the right/left, do or make or take a right/left turn — nach rechts/links abbiegen
‘no left/right turn’ — "links/rechts abbiegen verboten!"
the turn of the year/century — die Jahres-/Jahrhundertwende
take a favourable turn — (fig.) sich zum Guten wenden
4) (deflection) Biegung, dieat every turn — (fig.) (con- z stantly) ständig
6) (short performance on stage etc.) Nummer, die7) (change of tide)turn of the tide — Gezeitenwechsel, der
8) (character)be of a mechanical/speculative turn — technisch begabt sein/einen Hang zum Spekulativen haben
10) (form of expression)an elegant turn of speech/phrase — eine elegante Ausdrucksweise
11) (service)do somebody a good/bad turn — jemandem einen guten/schlechten Dienst erweisen
one good turn deserves another — (prov.) hilfst du mir, so helf ich dir
12) (coll.): (fright)2. transitive verbturn the tap — am Wasserhahn drehen
turn the key in the lock — den Schlüssel im Schloss herumdrehen
2) (reverse) umdrehen; wenden [Pfannkuchen, Matratze, Auto, Heu, Teppich]; umgraben [Erde]turn something upside down or on its head — (lit. or fig.) etwas auf den Kopf stellen
turn something inside out — etwas nach außen stülpen od. drehen
3) (give new direction to) drehen, wenden [Kopf]turn a hose/gun on somebody/something — einen Schlauch/ein Gewehr auf jemanden/etwas richten
turn one's attention/mind to something — sich/seine Gedanken einer Sache (Dat.) zuwenden
turn one's thoughts to a subject — sich [in Gedanken] mit einem Thema beschäftigen
turn a car into a road — [mit einem Auto] in eine Straße einbiegen
turn the tide [of something] — [bei etwas] den Ausschlag geben
4) (send)turn somebody loose on somebody/something — jemanden auf jemanden/etwas loslassen
turn somebody from one's door/off one's land — jemanden von seiner Tür/von seinem Land verjagen
5) (cause to become) verwandelnthe cigarette smoke has turned the walls yellow — der Zigarettenrauch hat die Wände vergilben lassen
turn a play/book into a film — ein Theaterstück/Buch verfilmen
7)8)turn somebody's head — (make conceited) jemandem zu Kopf steigen
9) (shape in lathe) drechseln [Holz]; drehen [Metall]10) drehen [Pirouette]; schlagen [Rad, Purzelbaum]11) (reach the age of)turn 40 — 40 [Jahre alt] werden
12)3. intransitive verbit's just turned 12 o'clock/quarter past 4 — es ist gerade 12 Uhr/viertel nach vier vorbei
1) (revolve) sich drehen; [Wasserhahn, Schlüssel:] sich drehen lassenthe earth turns on its axis — die Erde dreht sich um ihre Achse
2) (reverse direction) [Person:] sich herumdrehen; [Auto:] wenden3) (take new direction) sich wenden; (turn round) sich umdrehenhis thoughts/attention turned to her — er wandte ihr seine Gedanken/Aufmerksamkeit zu
left/right turn! — (Mil.) links/rechts um!
turn into a road/away from the river — in eine Straße einbiegen/vom Fluss abbiegen
turn to the left — nach links abbiegen/[Schiff, Flugzeug:] abdrehen
turn up/down a street — in eine Straße einbiegen
when the tide turns — wenn die Ebbe/Flut kommt
not know where or which way to turn — (fig.) keinen Ausweg [mehr] wissen
my luck has turned — (fig.) mein Glück hat sich gewendet
4) (become) werdenturn traitor/statesman/Muslim — zum Verräter/zum Staatsmann/Moslem werden
turn [in]to something — zu etwas werden; (be transformed) sich in etwas (Akk.) verwandeln
her face turned green — sie wurde [ganz] grün im Gesicht
6) (become sour) [Milch:] sauer werden7)Phrasal Verbs:- academic.ru/77106/turn_about">turn about- turn against- turn away- turn back- turn down- turn in- turn off- turn on- turn out- turn over- turn round- turn to- turn up- turn upon* * *[tə:n] 1. verb1) (to (make something) move or go round; to revolve: The wheels turned; He turned the handle.) (sich) drehen2) (to face or go in another direction: He turned and walked away; She turned towards him.) sich (um-) drehen3) (to change direction: The road turned to the left.) eine Biegung machen5) (to go round: They turned the corner.) biegen um6) (to (cause something to) become or change to: You can't turn lead into gold; At what temperature does water turn into ice?) (sich) verwandeln7) (to (cause to) change colour to: Her hair turned white; The shock turned his hair white.) werden (lassen)2. noun1) (an act of turning: He gave the handle a turn.) die Drehung2) (a winding or coil: There are eighty turns of wire on this aerial.) die Windung3) ((also turning) a point where one can change direction, eg where one road joins another: Take the third turn(ing) on/to the left.) die Abzweigung4) (one's chance or duty (to do, have etc something shared by several people): It's your turn to choose a record; You'll have to wait your turn in the bathroom.) die Reihe5) (one of a series of short circus or variety acts, or the person or persons who perform it: The show opened with a comedy turn.) die Programmnummer•- turning-point- turnover
- turnstile
- turntable
- turn-up
- by turns
- do someone a good turn
- do a good turn
- in turn
- by turns
- out of turn
- speak out of turn
- take a turn for the better
- worse
- take turns
- turn a blind eye
- turn against
- turn away
- turn back
- turn down
- turn in
- turn loose
- turn off
- turn on
- turn out
- turn over
- turn up* * *[tɜ:n, AM tɜ:rn]I. NOUNgive the screw a couple of \turns drehen Sie die Schraube einige Male umto give the handle a \turn den Griff [herum]drehen“no left/right \turn” „Links/Rechts abbiegen verboten“the path had many twists and \turns der Pfad wand und schlängelte sich dahin; ( fig)the novel has many twists and \turns of plot die Handlung des Romans ist total verwickelt fam; ( fig)things took an ugly turn die Sache nahm eine üble Wendung; ( fig)I find the \turn of events most unsatisfactory ich mag nicht, wie sich die Dinge gerade entwickelnto make a \turn abbiegento make a wrong \turn falsch abbiegento make a \turn to port/starboard NAUT nach Backbord/Steuerbord abdrehento take a \turn [to the left/right] [nach links/rechts] abbiegento take a \turn for the better/worse ( fig) sich zum Besseren/Schlechteren wenden [o SCHWEIZ meist kehren]to take a new \turn eine [ganz] neue Wendung nehmen3. (changing point)the \turn of the century die Jahrhundertwendeat the \turn of the century zur Jahrhundertwendeat the \turn of the 19th century Anfang des 19. Jahrhundertsthe \turn of the tide der Gezeitenwechselthe tide was on the \turn die Flut/Ebbe setzte gerade ein; ( fig)4. (allotted time)it's my \turn now! jetzt bin ich an der Reihe [o fam dran]!it's Jill's \turn next Jill kommt als Nächste dranit's your \turn to take out the rubbish du bist dran, den Abfall runter zu bringenyour \turn will come! du kommst schon auch noch dran! fam; (in desperate situations) du wirst auch noch zum Zuge kommen! famwhose \turn is it? wer ist dran?I want everyone to take their \turn nicely without any fighting ich will, dass ihr euch schön abwechselt, ohne Streitereienyou can have a \turn at the computer now Sie können jetzt den Computer benutzento do sth in \turn [or by \turns] etw abwechselnd tunto miss a \turn eine Runde aussetzento take a \turn at the wheel für eine Weile das Steuer übernehmento wait one's \turn warten, bis man an der Reihe ist▪ in \turn wiederumshe told Peter and he in \turn told me sie hat es Peter erzählt und er wiederum hat es dann mir erzählthe's all sweet and cold in \turns [or by turn[s]] er ist abwechselnd total nett und dann wieder total kalt fam5. ([dis]service)to do sb a good/bad \turn jdm einen guten/schlechten Dienst erweisento do a good \turn eine gute Tat tunto give sb a \turn jdm einen gehörigen Schrecken einjagenshe was having one of her \turns sie hatte wieder einmal einen ihrer Anfälleto do comic \turns Sketche aufführento perform a \turn eine Nummer aufführen9. (not appropriate)▪ out of \turn:what you've just said was completely out of \turn was du da gerade gesagt hast, war wirklich völlig unpassendsorry, have I been talking out of \turn? tut mir leid, habe ich was Falsches gesagt?he really was speaking out of \turn es war völlig unangebracht, dass er sich dazu äußerte10. (character)to be of a humorous \turn eine Frohnatur seinto have a logical \turn of mind ein logischer Mensch seinto take a \turn [in the park] eine [kleine] Runde [durch den Park] drehen13. (expression well put together)a nice [or elegant] [or good] \turn of phrase elegante Ausdrucksweise; (wording) elegante Formulierungto have a nice \turn of phrase sich akk sehr gut ausdrücken können14. (purpose)to serve sb's \turn jdm dienenthat'll serve my \turn das ist gerade genau das Richtige für michjobber's \turn Courtage f17. (cooked perfectly)to be done [or cooked] to a \turn food gut durch[gebraten] sein▪ the \turn AM bei Texas Hold 'Em (Pokerspiel): die vierte Karte, die alle Spieler zugeteilt bekommen19.▶ to fight at every \turn mit aller Macht kämpfen▶ to be on the \turn sich akk wandeln; milk einen Stich haben, sauer sein SCHWEIZ; leaves gelb werden▶ a \turn of the screw eine weitere Verschärfung [einer Maßnahme]the raising of their rent was another \turn of the screw in the landlord's attempt to get them evicted die Mieterhöhung war ein weiterer Versuch, ihnen Daumenschrauben anzulegen und sie allmählich aus der Wohnung zu drängenII. TRANSITIVE VERB1. (rotate, cause to rotate)▪ to \turn sth knob, screw etw drehenhe \turned the key quietly in the lock er drehte den Schlüssel vorsichtig im Schloss umshe \turned the wheel sharply sie riss das Steuer herum2. (switch direction)▪ to \turn sth:he \turned his head in surprise überrascht wendete er den Kopfmy mother can still \turn heads nach meiner Mutter drehen sich die Männer noch immer umthe little girl just \turned her back to her das kleine Mädchen wandte ihr einfach den Rücken zushe \turned the chair to the window so that she could look outside sie drehte den Stuhl zum Fenster, sodass sie hinausschauen konnteto \turn one's car into a road [in eine Straße] abbiegento \turn round the corner um die Ecke biegento \turn the course of history den Gang der Geschichte [ver]ändernto \turn one's eyes towards sb jdn anblickenhe \turned somersaults in his joy er machte vor Freude Luftsprünge3. (aim)▪ to \turn sth on sb lamp, hose etw auf jdn richtenshe \turned her full anger onto him ihr ganzer Zorn richtete sich gegen ihnthe stranger \turned a hostile stare on him der Fremde warf ihm einen feindseligen Blick zuto \turn a gun on sb ein Gewehr auf jdn richten4. (sprain)to \turn one's ankle sich dat den Knöchel verrenken▪ to \turn sb/sth sth:the shock \turned her hair grey overnight durch den Schock wurde sie über Nacht grauthe cigarette smoke had \turned the walls grey durch den Zigarettenrauch waren die Wände ganz grau gewordenthe hot weather has \turned the milk sour durch die Hitze ist die Milch sauer gewordenthe news \turned her pale als sie die Nachricht hörte, wurde sie ganz bleichhis comment \turned her angry sein Kommentar verärgerte sie6. (cause to feel nauseous)to \turn sb's stomach jdn den Magen umdrehenthe smell \turned her stomach bei dem Gestank drehte sich ihr der Magen um7. (change)the wizard \turned the ungrateful prince into a frog der Zauberer verwandelte den undankbaren Prinzen in einen Froschto \turn a book into a film ein Buch verfilmento \turn sth into German/English etw ins Deutsche/Englische übertragento \turn the light[s] low das Licht dämpfen8. (reverse)to \turn the page umblättern9. (gain)to \turn a profit einen Gewinn machen10. (send)to \turn a dog on sb einen Hund auf jdn hetzento \turn sb loose on sth jdn auf etw akk loslassento be \turned loose losgelassen werden akk11. (stop sb)13.▶ to be able to \turn one's hand to anything ein Händchen für alles habenit is time for you to \turn your back on childish pursuits es wird langsam Zeit, dass du deine kindischen Spiele hinter dir lässt▶ to not \turn a hair keine Miene verziehenwithout \turning a hair... ohne auch nur mit der Wimper zu zucken▶ to \turn sb's head jdm den Kopf verdrehen▶ sth has \turned sb's head etw ist jdm zu Kopf[e] gestiegen▶ to \turn sth on its head etw [vollkommen] auf den Kopf stellen▶ to know how to \turn a compliment wissen, wie man Komplimente macht▶ to \turn a phrase sprachgewandt sein▶ to \turn the spotlight on sb/sth die [allgemeine] Aufmerksamkeit auf jdn/etw lenken▶ to \turn tail and run auf der Stelle kehrtmachen und die Flucht ergreifen▶ to \turn sth upside down [or inside out] etw gründlich durchsuchen; room etw auf den Kopf stellen famIII. INTRANSITIVE VERBthis tap won't \turn dieser Hahn lässt sich nicht drehenthe ballerina \turned on her toes die Ballerina drehte auf den Zehenspitzen Pirouettenthe chickens were being \turned on a spit die Hähnchen wurden auf einem Spieß gedrehtthe earth \turns on its axis die Erde dreht sich um ihre Achse2. (switch the direction faced) person sich akk umdrehen; car wenden, SCHWEIZ meist kehren; (in bend) abbiegen; wind drehen; ( fig) SCHWEIZ meist kehren; ( fig) sich akk wendenshe \turned onto the highway sie bog auf die Autobahn abshe \turned into a little street sie bog in ein Sträßchen einheads still \turn when she walks along die Männer schauen ihr noch immer nachwhen the tide \turns (high tide) wenn die Flut kommt; (low tide) wenn es Ebbe wird; ( fig) wenn sich das Blatt wendet [o SCHWEIZ meist kehrt]the path down the mountain twisted and \turned der Pfad schlängelte sich den Berghang hinabto \turn on one's heel auf dem Absatz kehrtmachen\turn right! rechts um!▪ to \turn towards sb/sth sich akk zu jdm/etw umdrehen; (turn attention to) sich akk jdm/etw zuwendenplants \turn toward the light Pflanzen wenden sich dem Licht zuhe has no one to \turn to er hat niemanden, an den er sich wenden kannhe \turned to me for help er wandte sich an mich und bat um HilfeI don't know which way to \turn ich weiß keinen Ausweg mehrto \turn to drink sich akk in den Alkohol flüchtento \turn to God sich akk Gott zuwendento \turn to sb for money jdn um Geld bittenhis mood \turned quite nasty er wurde richtig schlecht gelaunthis face \turned green er wurde ganz grün im Gesicht fammy hair is \turning grey! ich kriege graue Haare!the friendship between the two neighbours \turned sour das freundschaftliche Verhältnis zwischen den beiden Nachbarn kühlte sich erheblich abmy luck has \turned das Blatt hat sich gewandtto \turn informer/traitor zum Informanten/zur Informantin/zum Verräter/zur Verräterin werdento \turn Muslim Muslim werdento \turn cold/warm/pale kalt/warm/blass werdento \turn red person, traffic lights rot werdenthe frog \turned into a handsome prince der Frosch verwandelte sich in einen schönen Prinzenhe \turned from a sweet boy into a sullen brat aus dem süßen kleinen Jungen wurde ein mürrischer Flegelall this \turned into a nightmare das alles ist zum Albtraum gewordenwhen there's a full moon, he \turns into a werewolf bei Vollmond verwandelt er sich in einen Werwolfmy thoughts \turned to him and his family meine Gedanken gingen an ihn und seine Familie6. (attain particular age)to \turn 20/40 20/40 werden7. (pass particular hour)it had already \turned eleven es war schon kurz nach elfit has just \turned past five o'clock es ist gerade fünf vorbeijust as it \turned midnight... genau um Mitternacht...8. (make feel sick)my stomach \turned at the grisly sight bei dem grässlichen Anblick drehte sich mir der Magen umthis smell makes my stomach \turn bei diesem Geruch dreht sich mir der Magen um9.▶ to \turn on a dime AM auf der Stelle kehrt machen▶ to \turn tattle-tail AM ( usu childspeak fam) petzen fam, SCHWEIZ a. rätschen fam, ÖSTERR a. tratschen fam* * *turn1 [tɜːn; US tɜrn]A s1. Drehung f:give sth a turn (two turns) etwas (zweimal) drehen;2. Turnus m, Reihe(nfolge) f:turn (and turn) about reihum, abwechselnd, wechselweise;she was laughing and crying by turns sie lachte und weinte abwechselnd;a) der Reihe nach,b) dann wieder;in his turn seinerseits;speak out of turn fig unpassende Bemerkungen machen;I hope I haven’t spoken out of turn ich habe doch nichts Falsches gesagt?;now it is my turn jetzt bin ich dran oder an der Reihe;then it was my turn to be astonished dann war ich erstaunt;whose turn is it to do the dishes? wer ist mit dem Abspülen dran?;my turn will come fig meine Zeit kommt auch noch, ich komme schon noch dran;take turns sich abwechseln (at bei);we took turns at driving auch wir fuhren abwechselnd;take one’s turn handeln, wenn die Reihe an einen kommt;wait your turn warte, bis du an der Reihe oder dran bist!3. Drehen n, Wendung f:turn to the left Linkswendung4. Wendepunkt m (auch fig)5. a) Biegung f, Kurve f, Kehre fat every turn ständig, überall6. SPORTat the turn an oder bei der Wende,d) Eis-, Rollkunstlauf: Kehre f, Kurve f8. Wendung f:a) Umkehr f:b) Richtung f, (Ver)Lauf m:take a turn for the better (worse) sich bessern (sich verschlimmern);take an interesting turn eine interessante Wendung nehmen (Gespräch etc),c) (Glücks-, Zeiten- etc)Wende f, Wechsel m, Umschwung m:a turn in one’s luck eine Glücks- oder Schicksalswende;turn of the century Jahrhundertwende;10. (Arbeits)Schicht f11. Tour f, (einzelne) Windung (einer Bandage, eines Kabels etc)12. (kurzer) Spaziergang, Runde f:take a turn einen Spaziergang machen13. kurze Fahrt, Spritztour f14. SCHIFF Törn m15. (Rede)Wendung f, Formulierung f16. Form f, Gestalt f, Beschaffenheit f17. Art f, Charakter m:18. (for, to) Neigung f, Hang m, Talent n (zu), Sinn m (für):practical turn praktische Veranlagung;have a turn for languages sprachbegabt sein;be of a humorous turn Sinn für Humor haben19. a) (ungewöhnliche oder unerwartete) Tatb) Dienst m, Gefallen m:one good turn deserves another (Sprichwort) eine Liebe ist der anderen wert20. (kurze) Beschäftigung:take a turn at sth es kurz mit etwas versuchen21. MEDa) Taumel m, Schwindel mb) Anfall m22. umg Schock m, Schrecken m:give sb (quite) a turn jemanden (ganz schön) erschrecken23. Zweck m:this will serve your turn das wird dir nützlich sein;this won’t serve my turn damit ist mir nicht gedient25. MUS Doppelschlag m26. THEAT besonders Br (Programm)Nummer f27. MIL (Kehrt)Wendung f, Schwenkung f:left (right) turn! Br links-(rechts)um!;about turn! Br ganze Abteilung kehrt!28. TYPO Fliegenkopf m (umgedrehter Buchstabe)B v/t1. (im Kreis oder um eine Achse) drehen2. einen Schlüssel, eine Schraube etc, auch einen Patienten (um-, herum)drehen4. ein Blatt, eine Buchseite umdrehen, -wenden, -blättern:turn the page umblättern7. zuwenden, -drehen, -kehren ( alle:to dat)8. den Blick, die Kamera, seine Schritte etc wenden, auch seine Gedanken, sein Verlangen richten, lenken ( alle:against gegen;on auf akk;toward[s] auf akk, nach):turn the hose on the fire den Schlauch auf das Feuer richten;9. a) um-, ab-, weglenken, -leiten, -wenden:turn a shot round the post SPORT einen Schuss um den Pfosten drehen,b) ein Geschoss etc abwenden, abhalten12. das Gesprächsthema wechseln13. a) eine Waage etc zum Ausschlagen bringenb) fig ausschlaggebend sein bei:turn a firm into a joint-stock company eine Firma in eine Aktiengesellschaft umwandeln;turn into cash flüssigmachen, zu Geld machen;turn one’s superiority into goals SPORT seine Überlegenheit in Tore ummünzen15. machen, werden lassen ( beide:into zu):a) bes US jemanden krank machen,b) jemandem Übelkeit verursachen;it turned her pale es ließ sie erblassen17. die Blätter, das Laub verfärbeninto Italian ins Italienische)20. MILa) umgehen, umfassenb) die feindliche Flanke etc aufrollen22. TECHa) drehenb) Holzwaren drechselnc) Glas marbeln, rollen23. auch fig formen, gestalten, (kunstvoll) bilden, Komplimente, Verse etc drechseln:a well-turned ankle ein wohlgeformtes Fußgelenk;24. WIRTSCH verdienen, umsetzen25. eine Messerschneide etca) um-, verbiegenb) stumpf machen:27. turn loosea) freilassen,b) einen Hund etc loslassen (on auf akk)C v/i1. sich drehen (lassen), sich (im Kreis) (herum)drehen (Rad etc)3. umdrehen, -wenden, besonders (in einem Buch) (um)blättern5. sich (stehend, liegend etc) (um-, herum)drehen: → grave1 1b) FLUG, AUTO kurven, eine Kurve machenturn right nach rechts abbiegen;I don’t know which way to turn fig ich weiß nicht, was ich machen soll8. eine Biegung machen (Straße, Wasserlauf etc)on auf akk)11. sich umdrehen:a) sich um 180° drehenb) zurückschauen12. sich umdrehen oder umwenden (lassen), sich umstülpen:my umbrella turned inside out mein Regenschirm stülpte sich um;my stomach turned at this sight, this sight made my stomach turn bei diesem Anblick drehte sich mir der Magen um13. my head is turning mir dreht sich alles im Kopf;his head turned with the success der Erfolg stieg ihm zu Kopf15. blass, kalt etc werden:turn blue blau anlaufen;turn (sour) sauer werden (Milch);turn traitor zum Verräter werden16. sich verfärben (Blätter, Laub)turn2 [tɜrn] v/i SPORT US turnen* * *1. noun1)it is somebody's turn to do something — jemand ist an der Reihe, etwas zu tun
it's your turn [next] — du bist als nächster/nächste dran (ugs.) od. an der Reihe
wait one's turn — warten, bis man an der Reihe ist
your turn will come — du kommst auch [noch] an die Reihe
he gave it to her, and she in turn passed it on to me — er gab es ihr, und sie wiederum reichte es an mich weiter
out of turn — (before or after one's turn) außer der Reihe; (fig.) an der falschen Stelle [lachen]
excuse me if I'm talking out of turn — (fig.) entschuldige, wenn ich etwas Unpassendes sage
take [it in] turns — sich abwechseln
take turns at doing something, take it in turns to do something — etwas abwechselnd tun
2) (rotary motion) Drehung, diegive the handle a turn — den Griff [herum]drehen
[done] to a turn — genau richtig [zubereitet]
3) (change of direction) Wende, dietake a turn to the right/left, do or make or take a right/left turn — nach rechts/links abbiegen
‘no left/right turn’ — "links/rechts abbiegen verboten!"
the turn of the year/century — die Jahres-/Jahrhundertwende
take a favourable turn — (fig.) sich zum Guten wenden
4) (deflection) Biegung, dieat every turn — (fig.) (con- z stantly) ständig
6) (short performance on stage etc.) Nummer, dieturn of the tide — Gezeitenwechsel, der
8) (character)be of a mechanical/speculative turn — technisch begabt sein/einen Hang zum Spekulativen haben
an elegant turn of speech/phrase — eine elegante Ausdrucksweise
11) (service)do somebody a good/bad turn — jemandem einen guten/schlechten Dienst erweisen
one good turn deserves another — (prov.) hilfst du mir, so helf ich dir
12) (coll.): (fright)2. transitive verb1) (make revolve) drehen2) (reverse) umdrehen; wenden [Pfannkuchen, Matratze, Auto, Heu, Teppich]; umgraben [Erde]turn something upside down or on its head — (lit. or fig.) etwas auf den Kopf stellen
turn something inside out — etwas nach außen stülpen od. drehen
3) (give new direction to) drehen, wenden [Kopf]turn a hose/gun on somebody/something — einen Schlauch/ein Gewehr auf jemanden/etwas richten
turn one's attention/mind to something — sich/seine Gedanken einer Sache (Dat.) zuwenden
turn one's thoughts to a subject — sich [in Gedanken] mit einem Thema beschäftigen
turn a car into a road — [mit einem Auto] in eine Straße einbiegen
turn the tide [of something] — [bei etwas] den Ausschlag geben
4) (send)turn somebody loose on somebody/something — jemanden auf jemanden/etwas loslassen
turn somebody from one's door/off one's land — jemanden von seiner Tür/von seinem Land verjagen
5) (cause to become) verwandelnthe cigarette smoke has turned the walls yellow — der Zigarettenrauch hat die Wände vergilben lassen
turn a play/book into a film — ein Theaterstück/Buch verfilmen
6) (make sour) sauer werden lassen [Milch]7)8)turn somebody's head — (make conceited) jemandem zu Kopf steigen
9) (shape in lathe) drechseln [Holz]; drehen [Metall]10) drehen [Pirouette]; schlagen [Rad, Purzelbaum]turn 40 — 40 [Jahre alt] werden
12)3. intransitive verbit's just turned 12 o'clock/quarter past 4 — es ist gerade 12 Uhr/viertel nach vier vorbei
1) (revolve) sich drehen; [Wasserhahn, Schlüssel:] sich drehen lassen2) (reverse direction) [Person:] sich herumdrehen; [Auto:] wenden3) (take new direction) sich wenden; (turn round) sich umdrehenhis thoughts/attention turned to her — er wandte ihr seine Gedanken/Aufmerksamkeit zu
left/right turn! — (Mil.) links/rechts um!
turn into a road/away from the river — in eine Straße einbiegen/vom Fluss abbiegen
turn to the left — nach links abbiegen/[Schiff, Flugzeug:] abdrehen
turn up/down a street — in eine Straße einbiegen
when the tide turns — wenn die Ebbe/Flut kommt
not know where or which way to turn — (fig.) keinen Ausweg [mehr] wissen
my luck has turned — (fig.) mein Glück hat sich gewendet
4) (become) werdenturn traitor/statesman/Muslim — zum Verräter/zum Staatsmann/Moslem werden
turn [in]to something — zu etwas werden; (be transformed) sich in etwas (Akk.) verwandeln
her face turned green — sie wurde [ganz] grün im Gesicht
5) (change colour) [Laub:] sich [ver]färben6) (become sour) [Milch:] sauer werden7)Phrasal Verbs:- turn in- turn off- turn on- turn out- turn to- turn up* * *(over) v.wenden v.(§ p.,pp.: wandte (wendete), gewandt (gewendet)) (round) to face (look at)someone expr.= jemandem das Gesicht zuwenden ausdr. v.drehen v.rotieren v.umwenden v. n.Drehbewegung f.Drehung -en f.Umdrehung f.Wendung -en f. -
54 knock
knock [nɒk]coup ⇒ 1 (a)-(c) critique ⇒ 1 (d) cognement ⇒ 1 (e) heurter ⇒ 2 (b), 3 (b) cogner ⇒ 2 (b), 3 (b), 3 (c) éreinter ⇒ 2 (c) frapper ⇒ 3 (a)1 noun∎ give it a knock with a hammer donne un coup de marteau dessus;∎ there was a knock at the door/window on a frappé à la porte/fenêtre;∎ she gave three knocks on the door elle a frappé trois fois ou coups à la porte;∎ to hear a knock entendre frapper;∎ no one answered my knock personne n'a répondu quand j'ai frappé;∎ knock! knock! toc! toc!;∎ can you give me a knock tomorrow morning? est-ce que vous pouvez (venir) frapper à ma porte demain matin pour me réveiller?∎ to give sb a knock on the head porter à qn un coup à la tête;∎ I got a nasty knock on the elbow (in fight, accident) j'ai reçu un sacré coup au coude; (by one's own clumsiness) je me suis bien cogné le coude;∎ the car's had a few knocks, but nothing serious la voiture est un peu cabossée mais rien de grave∎ his reputation has taken a hard knock sa réputation en a pris un sérieux coup;∎ I've taken a few knocks in my time j'ai encaissé des coups moi aussi∎ she's taken a few knocks from the press la presse n'a pas toujours été très tendre avec elle∎ to knock a nail in enfoncer un clou;∎ she knocked a nail into the wall elle a planté un clou dans le mur;∎ she knocked a hole in the wall elle a fait un trou dans le mur;∎ he was knocked into the ditch il a été projeté dans le fossé;∎ the boy was knocking the ball against the wall le garçon lançait ou envoyait la balle contre le mur;∎ the force of the explosion knocked us to the floor la force de l'explosion nous a projetés à terre;∎ familiar to knock sb unconscious or cold assommer qn;∎ the boom knocked him off balance la bôme, en le heurtant, l'a déséquilibré ou lui a fait perdre l'équilibre;∎ figurative the news knocked me off balance la nouvelle m'a sidéré ou coupé le souffle∎ I knocked my head on or against the low ceiling je me suis cogné la tête contre le ou au plafond∎ knocking your colleagues isn't going to help ce n'est pas en débinant vos collègues ou en cassant du sucre sur le dos de vos collègues que vous changerez quoi que ce soit;∎ they're always knocking the trade unions ils n'arrêtent pas de taper sur les syndicats;∎ don't knock it till you've tried it! n'en dis pas de mal avant d'avoir essayé□∎ to knock holes in a plan/an argument démolir un projet/un argument;∎ maybe it will knock some sense into him cela lui mettra peut-être du plomb dans la cervelle, cela le ramènera peut-être à la raison;∎ the army soon knocked his enthusiasm out of him l'armée a eu tôt fait de tuer en lui toute trace d'enthousiasme;∎ to knock sb into shape mettre qn au pas;∎ British familiar to knock sth on the head (put a stop to) faire cesser qch□ ;∎ British familiar he can knock spots off me at chess/tennis il me bat à plate couture aux échecs/au tennis;∎ to knock sb dead (impress) en mettre plein la vue à qn;∎ Texas knocked them dead last night hier soir, Texas a fait un tabac∎ to knock on or at the door frapper (à la porte);∎ she came in without knocking elle est entrée sans frapper;∎ they knock on the wall when we're too noisy ils tapent ou cognent contre le mur quand on fait trop de bruit;∎ it was a branch knocking against the window c'était une branche qui cognait contre la fenêtre∎ to knock against or into heurter, cogner;∎ she knocked into the desk elle s'est heurtée ou cognée contre le bureau;∎ my elbow knocked against the door frame je me suis cogné ou heurté le coude contre le chambranle de la porte(c) (make sound) cogner;∎ my heart was knocking je sentais mon cœur cogner dans ma poitrine, j'avais le cœur qui cognait;∎ the car engine is knocking le moteur cogne;∎ humorous his knees were knocking ses genoux jouaient des castagnettes;∎ the pipes knock when you run the taps les tuyaux cognent quand on ouvre les robinets∎ Vicky must be knocking about here somewhere Vicky doit traîner quelque part dans le coin;∎ I knocked about in Australia for a while j'ai bourlingué ou roulé ma bosse en Australie pendant quelque temps;∎ British are my fags knocking about? est-ce que mes clopes sont dans le coin?;∎ that's what I wear to knock about in ce sont mes vêtements d'intérieur□familiar traîner dans;∎ I knocked about town all day j'ai traîné en ville toute la journée;∎ she spent a year knocking about Europe elle a passé une année à se balader en Europe;∎ these clothes are OK for knocking about the house in ces vêtements, ça va pour traîner à la maison;∎ your keys are knocking about the kitchen somewhere tes clés traînent dans un coin de la cuisine∎ he used to knock his wife about a lot il tapait sur ou il battait sa femme;∎ the old car's been knocked about a bit la vieille voiture a pris quelques coups ici et là;∎ the furniture has been badly knocked about les meubles ont été fort maltraités(b) (jolt, shake) ballotter;∎ we were really knocked about in the back of the truck nous étions ballottés à l'arrière du camion∎ we knocked the idea about for a while nous en avons vaguement discuté pendant un certain tempsfamiliar fréquenter□ ;∎ they knocked about together at school ils se fréquentaient à l'école∎ she could knock back ten vodkas in an hour elle pouvait s'envoyer dix vodkas en une heure;∎ he certainly knocks it back! qu'est-ce qu'il descend!∎ that car must have knocked him back a few thousand pounds cette voiture a bien dû lui coûter quelques milliers de livres(c) (surprise, shock) secouer, bouleverser;∎ the news really knocked me back la nouvelle m'a vraiment abasourdi ou m'a laissé pantois∎ to knock sb back rejeter qn□ ;∎ to knock sth back (offer, invitation) refuser qch□ ;∎ she knocked him back il s'est pris une veste∎ she was knocked down by a bus elle a été renversée par un bus;∎ he knocked the champion down in the first round il a envoyé le champion au tapis ou il a mis le champion knock-down dans la première reprise(b) (hurdle, vase, pile of books) faire tomber, renverser∎ I managed to knock him down to $500 j'ai réussi à le faire baisser jusqu'à 500 dollars∎ it was knocked down to her for £300 on le lui a adjugé pour 300 livres(a) (from shelf, wall etc) faire tomber;∎ the statue's arm had been knocked off la statue avait perdu un bras;∎ he knocked the earth off the spade il fit tomber la terre qui était restée collée à la bêche;∎ he was knocked off his bicycle by a car il s'est fait renverser à vélo par une voiture;∎ figurative to knock sb off their pedestal or perch faire tomber qn de son piédestal;∎ familiar to knock sb's block off casser la figure à qn(b) (reduce by) faire une réduction de;∎ the salesman knocked 10 percent off (for us) le vendeur nous a fait un rabais ou une remise de 10 pour cent;∎ I managed to get something knocked off the price j'ai réussi à faire baisser un peu le prix∎ she can knock off an article in half an hour elle peut pondre un article en une demi-heure∎ they knocked off a bank ils ont braqué une banque∎ knock it off! (stop it) arrête ton char!familiar (stop work) cesser le travail□ ;∎ we knock off at five o'clock on finit à cinq heures➲ knock on∎ (in rugby) to knock the ball on faire un en-avant∎ he's knocking on sixty il va sur la soixantaine;∎ there were knocking on fifty people in the hall il n'y avait pas loin de cinquante personnes dans la salle(a) (in rugby) faire un en-avant∎ my dad's knocking on a bit now mon père commence à prendre de la bouteille∎ one of his teeth was knocked out il a perdu une dent(b) (make unconscious) assommer; (in boxing) mettre K-O; familiar (of drug, pill) assommer□, mettre K-O;∎ familiar the sleeping pill knocked her out for ten hours le somnifère l'a assommée ou mise K-O pendant dix heures∎ her performance really knocked me out! son interprétation m'a vraiment épaté!(d) (eliminate) éliminer;∎ our team was knocked out in the first round notre équipe a été éliminée au premier tour(e) (put out of action) mettre hors service;∎ it can knock out a tank at 2,000 metres cela peut mettre un tank hors de combat à 2000 mètres∎ I'm not going to knock myself out working for him je ne vais pas m'esquinter à travailler pour lui∎ to knock oneself out (indulge oneself) se faire plaisir□ ;∎ there's plenty of food left, knock yourself out! il reste plein de nourriture, sers-toi autant que tu veux!□∎ I knocked a pile of plates over j'ai renversé ou fait tomber une pile d'assiettes;∎ she was knocked over by a bus elle a été renversée par un bus(a) (hit together) cogner l'un contre l'autre;∎ they make music by knocking bamboo sticks together ils font de la musique en frappant des bambous l'un contre l'autre;∎ familiar they need their heads knocking together, those two ces deux-là auraient bien besoin qu'on leur secoue les puces∎ we knocked together a rough shelter on s'est fabriqué une espèce d'abri□s'entrechoquer➲ knock up∎ these buildings were knocked up after the war ces bâtiments ont été construits à la hâte après la guerre;∎ he knocked up a delicious meal in no time en un rien de temps, il a réussi à nous préparer quelque chose de délicieux□∎ that walk yesterday really knocked me up la promenade d'hier m'a complètement crevé;∎ he's knocked up with the flu il a chopé la grippe∎ the furniture is pretty knocked up les meubles sont plutôt esquintés ou amochés∎ she got knocked up elle s'est fait mettre en cloque(f) (in cricket) marquer;∎ he knocked up 50 runs before rain stopped play il a marqué 50 points avant que la pluie n'interrompe la partieBritish (in ball games) faire des balles -
55 reunir
reunir ( conjugate reunir) verbo transitivo 1 ‹cualidades/características› to have; ‹ requisitos› to satisfy, meet; ‹ condiciones› to fulfill, satisfy 2 ‹ datos› to gather; ‹dinero/fondos› to raise; ‹ información› to gather together, collect 3 ‹amigos/familia› to get … together; reunirse verbo pronominal [consejo/junta] to meet; [amigos/parientes] to get together; reunirse con algn ( encontrarse) to meet up with sb; ( tener una reunión) to have a meeting with sb, meet with sb (AmE)
reunir verbo transitivo
1 (juntar) to collect: si reúnes tres vales, te dan uno de regalo, if you collect three vouchers, they'll give you another one free (dinero) to raise (información) to gather (valor, fuerza) to muster (up)
2 (congregar) to gather together: nos reunieron en una pequeña sala, they brought us together in a small room
3 (cualidades, características) to have, possess (requisitos) to fulfil ' reunir' also found in these entries: Spanish: aunar - juntar - satisfacer - agrupar - requisito - reunido English: assemble - bill - gather - gather together - get together - muster - pool - put together - raise - rake together - rally - reassemble - reunite - round up - scrape together - scrape up - summon up - accumulate - collect - compile - get - marshal - meet - put - qualified - summon -
56 call
call [kɔ:l]appeler ⇒ 1 (a), 1 (b), 1 (f), 2 (a), 2 (b), 2 (d), 2 (g) pousser un cri ⇒ 1 (c) passer ⇒ 1 (d) s'arrêter ⇒ 1 (e) réveiller ⇒ 2 (c) appel ⇒ 3 (a)-(c) visite ⇒ 3 (d)(a) (with one's voice) appeler;∎ if you need me, just call si tu as besoin de moi, tu n'as qu'à (m') appeler;∎ she called to her son in the crowd elle appela son fils dans la foule;∎ to call for help appeler à l'aide ou au secours(b) (on the telephone) appeler;∎ where are you calling from? d'où appelles-tu?;∎ it's Alison calling c'est Alison à l'appareil;∎ who's calling? qui est à l'appareil?, c'est de la part de qui?;∎ may I ask who's calling? qui est à l'appareil, je vous prie?(c) (animal, bird) pousser un cri∎ did the postman call? est-ce que le facteur est passé?;∎ I'll call at the butcher's on the way home je passerai chez le boucher en revenant à la maison;∎ do call again n'hésitez pas à revenir;∎ I was out when they called je n'étais pas là quand ils sont passés(a) (with one's voice) appeler;∎ to call sb's name appeler qn;∎ can you call the children to the table? pouvez-vous appeler les enfants pour qu'ils viennent à table?;∎ "be careful!", he called "attention!", cria-t-il;∎ School to call the roll faire l'appel(b) (telephone) appeler;∎ who's calling? qui est à l'appareil?;∎ call me tonight appelle-moi ce soir;∎ don't call me at work ne m'appelle pas au bureau;∎ we called his house nous avons appelé chez lui;∎ to call the police/fire brigade appeler la police/les pompiers;∎ can you call me at nine? pouvez-vous me réveiller à 9 heures?(d) (name or describe as) appeler;∎ he has a cat called Felix il a un chat qui s'appelle Félix;∎ she was called "Ratty" as a child on l'appelait "Ratty" quand elle était enfant;∎ British he was called Charles after his grandfather on l'a appelé Charles comme son grand-père;∎ to call oneself a colonel s'attribuer le titre de colonel;∎ what's this called? comment est-ce qu'on appelle ça?, comment est-ce que ça s'appelle?;∎ she called him a crook elle l'a traité d'escroc;∎ are you calling me a thief? me traitez-vous de voleur?;∎ to call sb names injurier qn, invectiver qn;∎ they called him all sorts of names or every name in the book ils l'ont traité de tous les noms∎ Denver is where I call home c'est à Denver que je me sens chez moi;∎ he had no home to call his own il n'avait pas de chez lui;∎ she had no time to call her own elle n'avait pas de temps à elle;∎ (and you) call yourself a Christian! et tu te dis chrétien!;∎ I don't call that clean ce n'est pas ce que j'appelle propre;∎ British let's call it £10, shall we? disons ou mettons 10 livres, d'accord?;∎ let's call it a day si on s'arrêtait là pour aujourd'hui?∎ to call an election annoncer des élections;∎ to call a meeting convoquer une assemblée;∎ to call a strike appeler à la grève(g) (send for, summon) appeler, convoquer;∎ he was called to the phone on l'a demandé au téléphone;∎ to call the doctor faire venir le médecin, appeler le médecin;∎ she was suddenly called home elle a été rappelée soudainement chez elle;∎ to be called away on an emergency être appelé en urgence;∎ he's been called away, his mother is ill il a dû s'absenter parce que sa mère est malade;∎ he was called to his regiment il a été rappelé à son régiment;∎ she was called as a witness elle a été citée comme témoin;∎ he called me over il m'a appelé;∎ to call sth into being former qch∎ to call a loan exiger le remboursement d'un prêt∎ he called it out il a jugé qu'elle était dehors(k) to call heads/tails choisir face/pile∎ to call sth to mind rappeler qch;∎ the scenery calls to mind certain parts of Brittany le paysage rappelle un peu certaines parties de la Bretagne;∎ to call sth into play faire jouer qch;∎ market forces will soon be called into play on fera bientôt jouer les lois du marché;∎ to call sth into question remettre qch en question;∎ she called into question his competence as a doctor elle a mis ses compétences de médecin en doute;3 noun∎ figurative the call of the sea l'appel du large;∎ he showed dedication (above and) beyond the call of duty il a fait preuve d'un dévouement bien au-delà de ce qu'on était en droit d'attendre de lui;∎ a call for help un appel à l'aide ou au secours;∎ to give sb a call (waken) réveiller qn(b) (on telephone) appel m;∎ can I make a call? puis-je téléphoner?;∎ to put a call through passer une communication;∎ to make a call passer un coup de téléphone;∎ there's a call for you on vous demande au téléphone;∎ to take a call prendre un appel;∎ I'll give you a call tomorrow je t'appelle demain;∎ how much does a call to Italy cost? combien est-ce que ça coûte d'appeler en Italie ou l'Italie?;∎ he's on a call il est en ligne;∎ to return sb's call rappeler qn∎ to come at/answer sb's call venir/répondre à l'appel de qn;∎ to be within call être à portée de voix;∎ this is the last call for passengers for Bordeaux ceci est le dernier appel pour les passagers à destination de Bordeaux;∎ call for tenders appel m d'offres;∎ euphemism to obey or answer a call of nature satisfaire un besoin naturel∎ British to make or pay a call on sb rendre visite à qn;∎ British she had several calls to make in the neighbourhood elle devait rendre quelques visites dans le voisinage;∎ the doctor doesn't make house calls le médecin ne fait pas de visites à domicile∎ the ship made a call at Genoa le navire a fait escale à Gênes(f) (demand, need)∎ there have been renewed calls for a return to capital punishment il y a des gens qui demandent à nouveau le rétablissement de la peine de mort;∎ there is little call for unskilled labour il n'y a qu'une faible demande de travailleurs non spécialisés;∎ there's no call to shout il n'y a aucune raison de crier;∎ there's no call for rudeness! pas besoin ou ce n'est pas la peine d'être impoli!;∎ you have first call on my time je m'occuperai de vous en premier lieu(g) Stock Exchange option f d'achat, call m;∎ call of more option f du double∎ call for capital appel m de fonds;∎ payable at call payable sur demande ou à présentation ou à vue∎ he felt a call (to the ministry) il se sentait une vocation religieuse∎ your call pile ou face?;∎ it's your call! c'est à toi de décider(doctor, nurse) de garde; (police, troops) en éveil; (car) disponible; Finance (loan) remboursable sur demande►► call alarm alarme f (pour personne âgée ou handicapée);Telecommunications call barring interdiction f d'appels;Telecommunications British call box (telephone box) cabine f téléphonique; American (on roadside) borne f d'appel d'urgence;call button bouton d'appel;Commerce call centre centre m d'appels;Telecommunications call connection établissement m d'appel;Telecommunications call diversion transfert m d'appel;Stock Exchange call feature = clause de remboursement anticipé au gré de l'émetteur;Telecommunications call forwarding redirection f d'appel;Telecommunications call forwarding device dispositif m de redirection d'appel;call girl (prostitute) call-girl f;Telecommunications call holding mise f en attente d'appels;Telecommunications call key touche f d'appel;call letter avis m d'appel de fonds;Finance call loan prêt m à vue, prêt m remboursable sur demande;Finance call money argent m au jour le jour;American call number (on library book) cote f;Stock Exchange call option option f d'achat, call m;Stock Exchange call price cours m du dont;Telecommunications call screening filtrage m d'appels;Computing call sequence séquence f d'appel;Radio call sign indicatif m d'appel (d'une station de radio);Telecommunications call waiting signal m d'appel;Telecommunications call waiting service signal m d'appel;call warrant warrant m à l'achatprendre à part∎ she was called away from the office on l'a appelée et elle a dû quitter le bureau;∎ she's often called away on business elle doit souvent partir en déplacement ou s'absenter pour affaires(a) (on telephone) rappeler;∎ I'll call you back later je te rappelle plus tard(b) (ask to return) rappeler;∎ I was already at the door when she called me back j'étais déjà près de la porte lorsqu'elle m'a rappelé(a) (on telephone) rappeler;∎ can you call back after five? pourriez-vous rappeler après cinq heures?(b) (visit again) revenir, repasser;∎ I'll call back tomorrow je reviendrai ou repasserai demain∎ he called down the wrath of God on the killers il appela la colère de Dieu sur la tête des tueurs∎ he called for her at her parents' house il est passé la chercher chez ses parents;∎ whose is this parcel? - someone's calling for it later à qui est ce paquet? - quelqu'un passera le prendre plus tard∎ the opposition called for an official statement l'opposition a exigé ou demandé une déclaration officielle;∎ the police are calling for tougher penalties la police réclame des sanctions plus fermes∎ the situation called for quick thinking la situation demandait ou exigeait qu'on réfléchisse vite;∎ this calls for a celebration/a drink! il faut fêter/arroser ça!;∎ that sort of behaviour isn't called for on se passe bien de ce genre de comportementformal provoquer, susciter;∎ the article called forth vigorous denials l'article suscita ou occasionna des démentis énergiques➲ call in(a) (send for) faire venir;∎ call Miss Smith in, please faites entrer Mlle Smith, s'il vous plaît;∎ an accountant was called in to look at the books on a fait venir un comptable pour examiner les livres de comptes;∎ she called the children in (back into the house) elle a fait rentrer les enfants;∎ the army was called in to assist with the evacuation on a fait appel à l'armée pour aider à l'évacuation(b) (recall → defective goods) rappeler; (→ banknotes) retirer de la circulation; (→ library books) faire rentrer∎ to call in one's money faire rentrer ses fonds;∎ to call in a loan (of bank) demander le remboursement d'un prêt∎ she called in at her sister's to say goodbye elle est passée chez sa sœur pour dire au revoir(b) (telephone) appeler, téléphoner;∎ to call in sick téléphoner pour prévenir qu'on est malade∎ to call off a strike (before it takes place) annuler un ordre de grève; (when it has begun) mettre fin à une grève;∎ to call off one's engagement rompre ses fiançailles;∎ the police called off their search la police a arrêté ses recherches(b) (dog, attacker) rappeler∎ to call on the experts/sb's services faire appel aux ou avoir recours aux experts/services de qn(b) (urge, invite)∎ to call on sb to do sth demander à qn de faire qch;∎ she called on the government to take action elle a demandé au gouvernement d'agir;∎ I now call on Mr Stewart (to speak) je laisse la parole à M. Stewart∎ I'll call on her this evening je lui rendrai visite ou je passerai chez elle ce soir∎ to call on God invoquer le nom de Dieu➲ call out∎ "over here!" he called out "par ici!" appela-t-il;∎ she called out the winning number elle a annoncé le numéro gagnant∎ the army was called out to help on a fait appel à l'armée pour aider;∎ the union called out its members for 24 hours le syndicat appela ses adhérents à une grève de 24 heures(shout) appeler;∎ she called out to a policeman elle appela un agent de police;∎ to call out in anger/pain crier de colère/douleurexiger∎ can I call round this evening? puis-je passer ce soir?;∎ your mother called round for the parcel votre mère est passée prendre le paquetconvoquer➲ call up(a) (telephone) appeler∎ she was called up for jury service elle a été appelée ou convoquée pour faire partie d'un juryappelerformal (request, summon) faire appel à;∎ she may be called upon to give evidence il est possible qu'elle soit citée comme témoin;∎ I called upon him for assistance j'ai fait appel à son aide -
57 turn
[tɜ:n, Am tɜ:rn] ngive the screw a couple of \turns drehen Sie die Schraube einige Male um;to give the handle a \turn den Griff [herum]drehen‘no left/right \turn’ „Links/Recht abbiegen verboten“;the path had many twists and \turns der Pfad wand und schlängelte sich dahin; ( fig)the novel has many twists and \turns of plot die Handlung des Romans ist total verwickelt ( fam) ( fig)things took an ugly turn die Sache nahm eine üble Wendung; ( fig)I find the \turn of events most unsatisfactory ich mag nicht, wie sich die Dinge gerade entwickeln;to make a \turn abbiegen;to make a wrong \turn falsch abbiegen;to take a \turn [to the left/right] [nach links/rechts] abbiegen;she's taken a \turn for the worse since... mit ihr ist es ziemlich bergab gegangen, seit... ( fam)to take a new \turn eine [ganz] neue Wendung nehmen3) ( changing point)the \turn of the century die Jahrhundertwende;at the \turn of the century zur Jahrhundertwende;at the \turn of the 19th century Anfang des 19. Jahrhunderts;the \turn of the tide der Gezeitenwechsel;the tide was on the \turn die Flut/Ebbe setzte gerade ein; ( fig)the \turn of the tide occurred when... das Blatt wandte sich, als...4) ( allotted time)it's Jill's \turn next Jill kommt als Nächste dran;your \turn will come! du kommst schon auch noch dran! ( fam) ( in desperate situations) du wirst auch noch zum Zuge kommen! ( fam)whose \turn is it? wer ist dran?;I want everyone to take their \turn nicely without any fighting ich will, dass ihr euch schön abwechselt, ohne Streitereien;you can have a \turn at the computer now Sie können jetzt den Computer benutzen;to do sth in \turn [or by \turns] etw abwechselnd tun;to miss a \turn eine Runde aussetzen;to take a \turn at the wheel für eine Weile das Steuer übernehmen;to wait one's \turn warten, bis man an der Reihe ist;in \turn wiederum;she told Peter and he in \turn told me sie hat es Peter erzählt und er wiederum hat es dann mir erzählt;he's all sweet and cold in \turns [or by turn[s]] er ist abwechselnd total nett und dann wieder total kalt ( fam)5) ([dis]service)to do sb a good/bad \turn jdm einen guten/schlechten Dienst erweisen;to do a good \turn eine gute Tat tun6) (odd sensation, shock) Schreck[en] m;to give sb a \turn jdm einen gehörigen Schrecken einjagenshe was having one of her \turns sie hatte wieder einmal einen ihrer Anfälleto do comic \turns Sketche aufführen;to perform a \turn eine Nummer aufführen9) ( not appropriate)out of \turn;what you've just said was completely out of \turn was du da gerade gesagt hast, war wirklich völlig unpassend;sorry, have I been talking out of \turn? tut mir leid, habe ich was Falsches gesagt?;he really was speaking out of \turn es war völlig unangebracht, dass er sich dazu äußerteto be of a... \turn of mind einen Hang zu etw dat haben;to be of a humorous \turn eine Frohnatur sein;to have a logical \turn of mind ein logischer Mensch seinto take a \turn [in the park] eine [kleine] Runde [durch den Park] drehen( wording) elegante Formulierung;to have a nice \turn of phrase sich akk sehr gut ausdrücken könnento serve sb's \turn jdm dienen;that'll serve my \turn das ist gerade genau das Richtige für michPHRASES:a \turn of the screw eine weitere Verschärfung [einer Maßnahme];the raising of their rent was another \turn of the screw in the landlord's attempt to get them evicted die Mieterhöhung war ein weiterer Versuch, ihnen Daumenschrauben anzulegen und sie allmählich aus der Wohnung zu drängen;at every \turn ( continually) ständig;( again and again) jedes Mal;to fight at every \turn mit aller Macht kämpfen;one good \turn deserves another (\turn deserves another) eine Hand wäscht die andere;1) (rotate, cause to rotate)to \turn sth knob, screw etw drehen;he \turned the key quietly in the lock er drehte den Schlüssel vorsichtig im Schloss um;she \turned the wheel sharply sie riss das Steuer herum2) ( switch direction)to \turn sth;he \turned his head in surprise überrascht wendete er den Kopf;my mother can still \turn heads nach meiner Mutter drehen sich die Männer noch immer um;he \turned the car er wendete den Wagen;the little girl just \turned her back to her das kleine Mädchen wandte ihr einfach den Rücken zu;she \turned the chair to the window so that she could look outside sie drehte den Stuhl zum Fenster, so dass sie hinausschauen konnte;to \turn one's car into a road [in eine Straße] abbiegen;to \turn round the corner um die Ecke biegen;to \turn the course of history den Gang der Geschichte [ver]ändern;to \turn one's eyes towards sb jdn anblicken;he \turned somersaults in his joy er machte vor Freude Luftsprünge3) ( aim)to \turn sth on sb lamp, hose etw auf jdn richten;she \turned her full anger onto him ihr ganzer Zorn richtete sich gegen ihn;the stranger \turned a hostile stare on him der Fremde warf ihm einen feindseligen Blick zu;to \turn a gun on sb ein Gewehr auf jdn richten;to \turn one's steps homewards sich akk nach Hause begeben;4) ( sprain)to \turn sth sich dat etw verrenken;to \turn one's ankle sich dat den Knöchel verrenkento \turn sb/ sth sth;the shock \turned her hair grey overnight durch den Schock wurde sie über Nacht grau;the cigarette smoke had \turned the walls grey durch den Zigarettenrauch waren die Wände ganz grau geworden;the hot weather has \turned the milk sour durch die Hitze ist die Milch sauer geworden;the news \turned her pale als sie die Nachricht hörte, wurde sie ganz bleich;his comment \turned her angry sein Kommentar verärgerte sie6) ( cause to feel nauseous)to \turn sb's stomach jdn den Magen umdrehen;the smell \turned her stomach bei dem Gestank drehte sich ihr der Magen um7) ( change)the wizard \turned the ungrateful prince into a frog der Zauberer verwandelte den undankbaren Prinzen in einen Frosch;to \turn a book into a film ein Buch verfilmen;to \turn sth into German/ English etw ins Deutsche/Englische übertragen;to \turn the light[s] low das Licht dämpfen8) ( reverse)to \turn sth garment, mattress etw wenden [o umdrehen];to \turn the page umblättern;9) ( gain)to \turn a profit einen Gewinn machento \turn a dog on sb einen Hund auf jdn hetzen;to \turn sb loose on sth jdn auf etw akk loslassen;to be \turned loose losgelassen werden akkto \turn sb from sth jdn von etw dat abbringenPHRASES:it is time for you to \turn your back on childish pursuits es wird langsam Zeit, dass du deine kindischen Spiele hinter dir lässt;to \turn the other cheek die andere Wange hinhalten ( fig)to know how to \turn a compliment wissen, wie man Komplimente macht;to \turn the corner [allmählich] über dem Berg sein;to \turn a blind eye sich akk blind stellen;to \turn a blind eye to sth die Augen vor etw dat verschließen;to not \turn a hair keine Miene verziehen;without \turning a hair... ohne auch nur mit der Wimper zu zucken;to be able to \turn one's hand to anything ein Händchen für alles haben;to \turn sb's head jdm den Kopf verdrehen;sth has \turned sb's head etw ist jdm zu Kopf[e] gestiegen;to \turn sth on its head etw [vollkommen] auf den Kopf stellen;to \turn a phrase sprachgewandt sein;to \turn the spotlight on sb/ sth die [allgemeine] Aufmerksamkeit auf jdn/etw lenken;to \turn the tables [on sb] den Spieß umdrehen;to \turn tail and run auf der Stelle kehrtmachen und die Flucht ergreifen;to \turn sth upside down [or inside out] etw gründlich durchsuchen; room etw auf den Kopf stellen ( fam) vithis tap won't \turn dieser Hahn lässt sich nicht drehen;the ballerina \turned on her toes die Ballerina drehte auf den Zehenspitzen Pirouetten;the chickens were being \turned on a spit die Hähnchen wurden auf einem Spieß gedreht;the earth \turns on its axis die Erde dreht sich um ihre Achse;to \turn to sb sich akk zu jdm [um]drehen;she \turned onto the highway sie bog auf die Autobahn ab;she \turned into a little street sie bog in ein Sträßchen ein;heads still \turn when she walks along die Männer schauen ihr noch immer nach;when the tide \turns ( high tide) wenn die Flut kommt;the path down the mountain twisted and \turned der Pfad schlängelte sich den Berghang hinab;to \turn on one's heel auf dem Absatz kehrtmachen;\turn right! rechts um!;( turn attention to) sich akk jdm/etw zuwenden;plants \turn toward the light Pflanzen wenden sich dem Licht zu;he has no one to \turn to er hat niemanden, an den er sich wenden kann;he \turned to me for help er wandte sich an mich und bat um Hilfe;I don't know which way to \turn ich weiß keinen Ausweg mehr;to \turn to drink sich akk in den Alkohol flüchten;to \turn to God sich akk Gott zuwenden;to \turn to sb for money jdn um Geld bittenhis mood \turned quite nasty er wurde richtig schlecht gelaunt;his face \turned green er wurde ganz grün im Gesicht ( fam)my hair is \turning grey! ich kriege graue Haare!;the friendship between the two neighbours \turned sour das freundschaftliche Verhältnis zwischen den beiden Nachbarn kühlte sich erheblich ab;my luck has \turned das Blatt hat sich gewandt;to \turn informer/ traitor zum Informanten/zur Informantin/zum Verräter/zur Verräterin werden;to \turn Muslim Muslim werden;to \turn red person, traffic lights rot werden;to \turn into sth zu etw dat werden;the frog \turned into a handsome prince der Frosch verwandelte sich in einen schönen Prinzen;he \turned from a sweet boy into a sullen brat aus dem süßen kleinen Jungen wurde ein mürrischer Flegel;all this \turned into a nightmare das alles ist zum Albtraum geworden;when there's a full moon, he \turns into a werewolf bei Vollmond verwandelt er sich in einen Werwolf5) ( turn attention to)my thoughts \turned to him and his family meine Gedanken gingen an ihn und seine Familie6) ( attain particular age)to \turn 20/40 20/40 werden7) ( pass particular hour)it had already \turned eleven es war schon kurz nach elf;it has just \turned past five o'clock es ist gerade fünf vorbei;just as it \turned midnight... genau um Mitternacht...8) ( make feel sick)my stomach \turned at the grisly sight bei dem grässlichen Anblick drehte sich mir der Magen um;this smell makes my stomach \turn bei diesem Geruch dreht sich mir der Magen umPHRASES:to \turn on a dime (Am) auf der Stelle kehrt machen;to \turn [over] in one's grave sich akk im Grabe umdrehen; -
58 _різне
aim at the stars, but keep your feet on the ground all are not thieves that dogs bark at all cats are grey in the dark all roads lead to Rome always lend a helping hand among the blind the one-eyed man is king as the days grow longer, the storms are stronger at a round table, there is no dispute of place a bad excuse is better than none a bad vessel is seldom broken be just before you're generous be just to all, but trust not all the best things come in small packages the best way to resist temptation is to give in to it better alone than in bad company better an empty house than a bad tenant better be the head of a dog than the tail of a lion better ride an ass that carries me than a horse that throws me better to beg than to steal, but better to work than to beg better a tooth out than always aching between two stools one goes to the ground a bird may be known by its flight a bird never flew on one wing a bit in the morning is better than nothing all day a bleating sheep loses a bite a blind man would be glad to see a blind man needs no looking glass bread always falls buttered side down a burden which one chooses is not felt butter to butter is no relish cast no dirt in the well that gives you water the chain is no stronger than its weakest link a change is as good as a rest Christmas comes but once a year circumstances after cases cleanliness is next to godliness the cobbler's wife is the worst shod a cold hand, a warm heart comparisons are odious consistency is a jewel consideration is half of conversation a creaking door hangs long on its hinges desperate diseases must have desperate remedies the devil looks after his own diamond cut diamond dirt shows the quickest on the cleanest cotton discontent is the first step in progress do as you would be done by dog does not eat dog a dog that will fetch a bone will carry a bone a dog will not cry if you beat him with a bone do not spoil the ship for a ha'porth of tar do not throw pearls before swine do your best and leave the rest with God do your duty and be afraid of none don't be a yes-man don't cut off your nose to spite your face don't drown yourself to save a drowning man don't look a gift horse in the mouth don't spur a willing horse don't strike a man when he is down don't swap the witch for the devil eagles don't catch flies eagles fly alone, but sheep flock together the English are a nation of shopkeepers even a stopped clock is right twice a day every cock sings in his own way every fish that escapes seems greater than it is every man is a pilot in a calm sea every medal has its reverse side every thing comes to a man who does not need it every tub smells of the wine it holds evil communications corrupt good manners the exception proves the rule exchange is no robbery extremes meet facts are stubborn things familiarity breeds contempt fast bind, fast find fields have eyes, and woods have ears fight fire with fire figure on the worst but hope for the best fingers were made before forks the fire which lights us at a distance will burn us when near the first shall be last and the last, first follow your own star forbearance is no acquittance the fox knows much, but more he that catches him from the day you were born till you ride in a hearse, there's nothing so bad but it might have been worse from the sweetest wine, the tartest vinegar fruit is golden in the morning, silver at noon, and lead at night gambling is the son of avarice and the father of despair the game is not worth the candles a gentleman never makes any noise the gift bringer always finds an open door the giver makes the gift precious a good horse cannot be of a bad colour a good tale is none the worse for being twice told good riddance to bad rubbish the greatest right in the world is the right to be wrong the half is more than the whole half a loaf is better than no bread half an orange tastes as sweet as a whole one hawk will not pick out hawk's eyes the heart has arguments with which the understanding is unacquainted he may well swim that is held up by the chin he that doesn't respect, isn't respected he that lies down with dogs must rise with fleas he that would live at peace and rest must hear and see and say the best he who is absent is always in the wrong he who follows is always behind the higher the climb, the broader the view history is a fable agreed upon hitch your wagon to a star the ideal we embrace is our better self if a bee didn't have a sting, he couldn't keep his honey if a sheep loops the dyke, all the rest will follow I fear Greeks even when bringing gifts if each would sweep before his own door, we should have a clean city if the cap fits, wear it if the mountain will not come to Mohammed, Mohammed must go to the mountain if you cannot bite, never show your teeth if you cannot have the best, make the best of what you have if you cannot speak well of a person, don't speak of him at all if you leave your umbrella at home, it is sure to rain if you wish to see the best in others, show the best of yourself ill news travels fast ill weeds grow apace an inch breaks no square it always pays to be a gentleman it costs nothing to ask it is easier to descend than ascend it is easier to pull down than to build up it is good fishing in troubled waters it is idle to swallow the cow and choke on the tail it is the last straw that breaks the camel's back it is sometimes best to burn your bridges behind you it is well to leave off playing when the game is at the best it is not clever to gamble, but to stop playing it's a small world it takes all sorts to make a world it takes a thief to catch a thief jealousy is a green-eyed monster jealousy is a proof of self-love keep a dress seven years and it will come back into style keep no more cats than will catch mice kindle not a fire that you cannot extinguish kissing goes by favor jam tomorrow and jam yesterday, but never jam today a joy that's shared is a joy made double justice is blind lay not the load on the lame horse learn to creep before you leap let the cock crow or not, the day will come the longest road is sometimes the shortest way home lookers-on see most of the game man does not live by bread alone many are called but few are chosen many go out for wool and come home shorn many stumble at a straw and leap over a block men cease to interest us when we find their limitations a misty morn may have a fine day the mob has many heads but no brains the moon is not seen when the sun shines the more the merrier mountain has brought forth a mouse much water runs by the mill that the miller knows not of name not a halter in his house that hanged himself the nearer the bone, the sweeter the meat never be the first by whom the new is tried nor yet the last to lay the old aside never do anything yourself you can get somebody else to do never is a long time never let your left hand know what your right hand is doing never make a bargain with the devil on a dark day never quarrel with your bread and butter never tell tales out of school a nod's as good as a wink to a blind horse no joy without alloy no man is a hero to his valet no mud can soil us but the mud we throw no names, no pack-drill no news good news no one but the wearer knows where the shoe pinches none is so blind as they who will not see none of us is perfect nothing is certain but the unforeseen nothing is easy to the unwilling nothing is so good but it might have been better nothing is stolen without hands nothing new under the sun nothing seems quite as good as new after being broken an old poacher makes the best keeper once is no rule one dog barks at nothing, the rest bark at him one good turn deserves another one half of the world does not know how the other half lives one hand washes the other one man's meat is another man's poison one picture is worth ten thousand words one volunteer is worth two pressed men one whip is good enough for a good horse; for a bad one, not a thousand opposites attract each other the orange that is squeezed too hard yields a bitter juice other people's burdens killed the ass out of the mire into the swamp painted flowers have no scent paper is patient: you can put anything on it people condemn what they do not understand pigs might fly the pitcher goes often to the well please ever; tease never plenty is no plague the porcupine, whom one must handle gloved, may be respected but is never loved the proof of the pudding is in the eating the remedy is worse than the disease reopen not the wounds once healed a rolling stone gathers no moss the rotten apple injures its neighbors scratch my back and I shall scratch yours the sea refuses no river seize what is highest and you will possess what is in between seldom seen, soon forgotten silence scandal by scandal the sharper the storm, the sooner it's over the sheep who talks peace with a wolf will soon be mutton since we cannot get what we like, let us like what we can get small faults indulged in are little thieves that let in greater solitude is at times the best society some people are too mean for heaven and too good for hell the soul of a man is a garden where, as he sows, so shall he reap sour grapes can never make sweet wine sow a thought and reap an act the sow loves bran better than roses a stick is quickly found to beat a dog with still waters run deep stoop low and it will save you many a bump through life a straw shows which way the wind blows a stream cannot rise above its source the style is the man the sun loses nothing by shining into a puddle the sun shines on all the world the sun will shine down our street too sunday plans never stand suspicion may be no fault, but showing it may be a great one sweetest nuts have the hardest shells the tail cannot shake the dog take things as they are, not as you'd have them tastes differ there are more ways of killing a dog than hanging it there is always room at the top there is life in the old dog yet there is no rose without a thorn there is small choice in rotten apples there is truth in wine there's as good fish in the sea as ever came out of it they need much whom nothing will content they that dance must pay the fiddler they walk with speed who walk alone those who hide can find three removals are as bad as a fire to the pure all things are pure to work hard, live hard, die hard, and go to hell after all would be hard indeed too far east is west translation is at best an echo a tree is known by its fruit a tree often transplanted neither grows nor thrives two can play at that game two dogs over one bone seldom agree venture a small fish to catch a great one the voice with a smile always wins wear my shoes and you'll know where they pitch we weep when we are born, not when we die what can you have of a cat but her skin what can't be cured must be endured what matters to a blind man that his father could see what you lose on the swings, you gain on the roundabouts when all you have is a hammer, everything looks like a nail when a dog is drowning, everyone offers him drink when in doubt, do nowt when interest is lost, memory is lost when a man lays the foundation of his own ruin, others will build on it when a river does not make a noise, it is either empty or very full when the devil is dead, he never lacks a chief mourner when two ride on one horse one must sit behind where bees are, there is honey where it is weakest, there the thread breaks who seeks what he should not finds what he would not why keep a dog and bark yourself? a wonder lasts but nine days the worth of a thing is best known by its want the world is a ladder for some to go up and some down would you persuade, speak of interest, not of reason you buy land, you buy stones; you buy meat, you buy bones you can take a horse to the water, but you cannot make him drink you can tell the day by the morning you cannot lose what you never had you cannot touch pitch and not be defiled you can't put new wine in old bottles you can't walk and look at the stars if you have a stone in your shoe your looking glass will tell you what none of your friends will zeal without knowledge is a runaway horse -
59 Language
Philosophy is written in that great book, the universe, which is always open, right before our eyes. But one cannot understand this book without first learning to understand the language and to know the characters in which it is written. It is written in the language of mathematics, and the characters are triangles, circles, and other figures. Without these, one cannot understand a single word of it, and just wanders in a dark labyrinth. (Galileo, 1990, p. 232)It never happens that it [a nonhuman animal] arranges its speech in various ways in order to reply appropriately to everything that may be said in its presence, as even the lowest type of man can do. (Descartes, 1970a, p. 116)It is a very remarkable fact that there are none so depraved and stupid, without even excepting idiots, that they cannot arrange different words together, forming of them a statement by which they make known their thoughts; while, on the other hand, there is no other animal, however perfect and fortunately circumstanced it may be, which can do the same. (Descartes, 1967, p. 116)Human beings do not live in the object world alone, nor alone in the world of social activity as ordinarily understood, but are very much at the mercy of the particular language which has become the medium of expression for their society. It is quite an illusion to imagine that one adjusts to reality essentially without the use of language and that language is merely an incidental means of solving specific problems of communication or reflection. The fact of the matter is that the "real world" is to a large extent unconsciously built on the language habits of the group.... We see and hear and otherwise experience very largely as we do because the language habits of our community predispose certain choices of interpretation. (Sapir, 1921, p. 75)It powerfully conditions all our thinking about social problems and processes.... No two languages are ever sufficiently similar to be considered as representing the same social reality. The worlds in which different societies live are distinct worlds, not merely the same worlds with different labels attached. (Sapir, 1985, p. 162)[A list of language games, not meant to be exhaustive:]Giving orders, and obeying them- Describing the appearance of an object, or giving its measurements- Constructing an object from a description (a drawing)Reporting an eventSpeculating about an eventForming and testing a hypothesisPresenting the results of an experiment in tables and diagramsMaking up a story; and reading itPlay actingSinging catchesGuessing riddlesMaking a joke; and telling itSolving a problem in practical arithmeticTranslating from one language into anotherLANGUAGE Asking, thanking, cursing, greeting, and praying-. (Wittgenstein, 1953, Pt. I, No. 23, pp. 11 e-12 e)We dissect nature along lines laid down by our native languages.... The world is presented in a kaleidoscopic flux of impressions which has to be organized by our minds-and this means largely by the linguistic systems in our minds.... No individual is free to describe nature with absolute impartiality but is constrained to certain modes of interpretation even while he thinks himself most free. (Whorf, 1956, pp. 153, 213-214)We dissect nature along the lines laid down by our native languages.The categories and types that we isolate from the world of phenomena we do not find there because they stare every observer in the face; on the contrary, the world is presented in a kaleidoscopic flux of impressions which has to be organized by our minds-and this means largely by the linguistic systems in our minds.... We are thus introduced to a new principle of relativity, which holds that all observers are not led by the same physical evidence to the same picture of the universe, unless their linguistic backgrounds are similar or can in some way be calibrated. (Whorf, 1956, pp. 213-214)9) The Forms of a Person's Thoughts Are Controlled by Unperceived Patterns of His Own LanguageThe forms of a person's thoughts are controlled by inexorable laws of pattern of which he is unconscious. These patterns are the unperceived intricate systematizations of his own language-shown readily enough by a candid comparison and contrast with other languages, especially those of a different linguistic family. (Whorf, 1956, p. 252)It has come to be commonly held that many utterances which look like statements are either not intended at all, or only intended in part, to record or impart straightforward information about the facts.... Many traditional philosophical perplexities have arisen through a mistake-the mistake of taking as straightforward statements of fact utterances which are either (in interesting non-grammatical ways) nonsensical or else intended as something quite different. (Austin, 1962, pp. 2-3)In general, one might define a complex of semantic components connected by logical constants as a concept. The dictionary of a language is then a system of concepts in which a phonological form and certain syntactic and morphological characteristics are assigned to each concept. This system of concepts is structured by several types of relations. It is supplemented, furthermore, by redundancy or implicational rules..., representing general properties of the whole system of concepts.... At least a relevant part of these general rules is not bound to particular languages, but represents presumably universal structures of natural languages. They are not learned, but are rather a part of the human ability to acquire an arbitrary natural language. (Bierwisch, 1970, pp. 171-172)In studying the evolution of mind, we cannot guess to what extent there are physically possible alternatives to, say, transformational generative grammar, for an organism meeting certain other physical conditions characteristic of humans. Conceivably, there are none-or very few-in which case talk about evolution of the language capacity is beside the point. (Chomsky, 1972, p. 98)[It is] truth value rather than syntactic well-formedness that chiefly governs explicit verbal reinforcement by parents-which renders mildly paradoxical the fact that the usual product of such a training schedule is an adult whose speech is highly grammatical but not notably truthful. (R. O. Brown, 1973, p. 330)he conceptual base is responsible for formally representing the concepts underlying an utterance.... A given word in a language may or may not have one or more concepts underlying it.... On the sentential level, the utterances of a given language are encoded within a syntactic structure of that language. The basic construction of the sentential level is the sentence.The next highest level... is the conceptual level. We call the basic construction of this level the conceptualization. A conceptualization consists of concepts and certain relations among those concepts. We can consider that both levels exist at the same point in time and that for any unit on one level, some corresponding realizate exists on the other level. This realizate may be null or extremely complex.... Conceptualizations may relate to other conceptualizations by nesting or other specified relationships. (Schank, 1973, pp. 191-192)The mathematics of multi-dimensional interactive spaces and lattices, the projection of "computer behavior" on to possible models of cerebral functions, the theoretical and mechanical investigation of artificial intelligence, are producing a stream of sophisticated, often suggestive ideas.But it is, I believe, fair to say that nothing put forward until now in either theoretic design or mechanical mimicry comes even remotely in reach of the most rudimentary linguistic realities. (Steiner, 1975, p. 284)The step from the simple tool to the master tool, a tool to make tools (what we would now call a machine tool), seems to me indeed to parallel the final step to human language, which I call reconstitution. It expresses in a practical and social context the same understanding of hierarchy, and shows the same analysis by function as a basis for synthesis. (Bronowski, 1977, pp. 127-128)t is the language donn eґ in which we conduct our lives.... We have no other. And the danger is that formal linguistic models, in their loosely argued analogy with the axiomatic structure of the mathematical sciences, may block perception.... It is quite conceivable that, in language, continuous induction from simple, elemental units to more complex, realistic forms is not justified. The extent and formal "undecidability" of context-and every linguistic particle above the level of the phoneme is context-bound-may make it impossible, except in the most abstract, meta-linguistic sense, to pass from "pro-verbs," "kernals," or "deep deep structures" to actual speech. (Steiner, 1975, pp. 111-113)A higher-level formal language is an abstract machine. (Weizenbaum, 1976, p. 113)Jakobson sees metaphor and metonymy as the characteristic modes of binarily opposed polarities which between them underpin the two-fold process of selection and combination by which linguistic signs are formed.... Thus messages are constructed, as Saussure said, by a combination of a "horizontal" movement, which combines words together, and a "vertical" movement, which selects the particular words from the available inventory or "inner storehouse" of the language. The combinative (or syntagmatic) process manifests itself in contiguity (one word being placed next to another) and its mode is metonymic. The selective (or associative) process manifests itself in similarity (one word or concept being "like" another) and its mode is metaphoric. The "opposition" of metaphor and metonymy therefore may be said to represent in effect the essence of the total opposition between the synchronic mode of language (its immediate, coexistent, "vertical" relationships) and its diachronic mode (its sequential, successive, lineal progressive relationships). (Hawkes, 1977, pp. 77-78)It is striking that the layered structure that man has given to language constantly reappears in his analyses of nature. (Bronowski, 1977, p. 121)First, [an ideal intertheoretic reduction] provides us with a set of rules"correspondence rules" or "bridge laws," as the standard vernacular has it-which effect a mapping of the terms of the old theory (T o) onto a subset of the expressions of the new or reducing theory (T n). These rules guide the application of those selected expressions of T n in the following way: we are free to make singular applications of their correspondencerule doppelgangers in T o....Second, and equally important, a successful reduction ideally has the outcome that, under the term mapping effected by the correspondence rules, the central principles of T o (those of semantic and systematic importance) are mapped onto general sentences of T n that are theorems of Tn. (P. Churchland, 1979, p. 81)If non-linguistic factors must be included in grammar: beliefs, attitudes, etc. [this would] amount to a rejection of the initial idealization of language as an object of study. A priori such a move cannot be ruled out, but it must be empirically motivated. If it proves to be correct, I would conclude that language is a chaos that is not worth studying.... Note that the question is not whether beliefs or attitudes, and so on, play a role in linguistic behavior and linguistic judgments... [but rather] whether distinct cognitive structures can be identified, which interact in the real use of language and linguistic judgments, the grammatical system being one of these. (Chomsky, 1979, pp. 140, 152-153)23) Language Is Inevitably Influenced by Specific Contexts of Human InteractionLanguage cannot be studied in isolation from the investigation of "rationality." It cannot afford to neglect our everyday assumptions concerning the total behavior of a reasonable person.... An integrational linguistics must recognize that human beings inhabit a communicational space which is not neatly compartmentalized into language and nonlanguage.... It renounces in advance the possibility of setting up systems of forms and meanings which will "account for" a central core of linguistic behavior irrespective of the situation and communicational purposes involved. (Harris, 1981, p. 165)By innate [linguistic knowledge], Chomsky simply means "genetically programmed." He does not literally think that children are born with language in their heads ready to be spoken. He merely claims that a "blueprint is there, which is brought into use when the child reaches a certain point in her general development. With the help of this blueprint, she analyzes the language she hears around her more readily than she would if she were totally unprepared for the strange gabbling sounds which emerge from human mouths. (Aitchison, 1987, p. 31)Looking at ourselves from the computer viewpoint, we cannot avoid seeing that natural language is our most important "programming language." This means that a vast portion of our knowledge and activity is, for us, best communicated and understood in our natural language.... One could say that natural language was our first great original artifact and, since, as we increasingly realize, languages are machines, so natural language, with our brains to run it, was our primal invention of the universal computer. One could say this except for the sneaking suspicion that language isn't something we invented but something we became, not something we constructed but something in which we created, and recreated, ourselves. (Leiber, 1991, p. 8)Historical dictionary of quotations in cognitive science > Language
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1 adverbA.(a) (towards a higher position or level) en haut;∎ all the way up, the whole way up, right up (to the top) (of stairs, hill) jusqu'en haut;∎ he's on his way up il monte;∎ they had coffee sent up ils ont fait monter du café;∎ hang it higher up accrochez-le plus haut;∎ wait till the moon comes up attends que la lune se lève;∎ familiar he doesn't have very much up top c'est pas une lumière, il a pas inventé l'eau chaude ou le fil à couper le beurre;∎ familiar she's got plenty up top elle en a dans le ciboulot(b) (in a higher position, at a higher level)∎ she wears her hair up elle porte ses cheveux relevés;∎ hold your head up high! redressez la tête!;∎ heads up! attention!;∎ up above au-dessus;∎ the glasses are up above the plates les verres sont au-dessus des assiettes;∎ up in the air en l'air;∎ look at the kite up in the sky regardez le cerf-volant (là-haut) dans le ciel;∎ I live eight floors up j'habite au huitième (étage);∎ she lives three floors up from us elle habite trois étages au-dessus de chez nous;∎ she's up in her room elle est en haut dans sa chambre;∎ we spend our holidays up in the mountains nous passons nos vacances à la montagne;∎ from up on the mountain du haut de la montagne;∎ do you see her up on that hill? la voyez-vous en haut de ou sur cette colline?;∎ what are you doing up there? qu'est-ce que vous faites là-haut?;∎ the captain is up on deck le capitaine est en haut sur le pont;∎ have you ever been up in a plane? avez-vous déjà pris l'avion?;∎ up the top tout en haut;∎ it's up on top of the wardrobe c'est sur le dessus de l'armoire;∎ figurative she's up there with the best (of them) elle est parmi ou dans les meilleurs(c) (in a raised position) levé;∎ Charles has his hand up Charles a la main levée;∎ wind the window up (in car) remontez la vitre;∎ put your hood up relève ou mets ta capuche;∎ she turned her collar up elle a relevé son col(d) (into an upright position) debout;∎ up you get! debout!;∎ he helped me up il m'a aidé à me lever ou à me mettre debout;∎ sit up straight! tiens-toi droit!;∎ the trunk was standing up on end la malle était debout;∎ familiar up and at them! grouillez-vous!∎ get up! debout!;∎ she got up late this morning elle s'est levée tard ce matin;∎ she's always up and doing elle n'arrête jamais∎ the body was lying face up le corps était couché sur le dos;∎ I turned the poster right side up j'ai mis l'affiche dans le bon sens ou à l'endroit;∎ put it the other way up retournez-le;∎ he turned his hand palm up il a tourné la main paume vers le haut;∎ fragile - this way up (on packaging) fragile - haut;(g) (erected, installed)∎ they're putting up a new hotel there ils construisent un nouvel hôtel là-bas;∎ help me get the curtains/the pictures up aide-moi à accrocher les rideaux/les tableaux∎ up on the blackboard au tableau;∎ I saw an announcement up about it je l'ai vu sur une affiche∎ careful, we've got some of the floorboards up attention au plancher, il manque des lattes;∎ when we've got the carpet up… quand nous aurons enlevé la moquette…B.∎ they came up for the weekend ils sont venus pour le week-end;∎ it's cold up here il fait froid ici;∎ up there là-bas;∎ up north dans le nord(b) (in, to or from a larger place)∎ up in Madrid à Madrid;∎ she's up in Maine for the week elle passe une semaine dans le Maine;∎ we're up from Munich nous venons ou arrivons de Munich;∎ he was on his way up to town il allait en ville∎ he's up at Oxford il est à Oxford∎ there's a café up ahead il y a un café plus loin;∎ the sign up ahead says 10 miles la pancarte là-bas indique 10 miles∎ the clerk came up to him le vendeur s'est approché de lui ou est venu vers lui;∎ a car drew up at the petrol pump une voiture s'est arrêtée à la pompe à essence;∎ up came a small, blonde child un petit enfant blond s'est approché∎ up close de près;∎ I like to sit up front j'aime bien m'asseoir devant;∎ when you get right up to her quand vous la voyez de près;∎ they stood up close to one another ils se tenaient l'un contre l'autre ou tout près l'un de l'autreC.∎ prices have gone up by 10 percent les prix ont augmenté ou monté de 10 pour cent;∎ bread has gone up again le pain a encore augmenté;∎ the temperature soared up into the thirties la température est montée au-dessus de trente degrés;∎ they can cost anything from £750 up ils coûtent au moins 750 livres, on en trouve à partir de 750 livres;∎ suitable for children aged seven and up convient aux enfants âgés de sept ans et plus;∎ all ranks from sergeant up tous les rangs à partir de celui de sergent(b) (more loudly, intensely) plus fort;∎ speak up parlez plus fort;∎ he turned the radio up il a mis la radio plus fortD.∎ drink up! finissez vos verres!;∎ eat up your greens finis tes légumes;∎ the river had dried up la rivière s'était asséchée∎ he ripped the shirt up il a mis la chemise en lambeaux;∎ I tore up the letter j'ai déchiré la lettre (en petits morceaux)∎ add these figures up additionnez ces chiffres;∎ the teacher gathered up his notes le professeur a ramassé ses notesE.∎ he came up before the judge for rape il a comparu devant le juge pour viol;∎ the murder case came up before the court today le meutre a été jugé aujourd'hui;∎ she comes up before the board tomorrow elle paraît devant le conseil demain∎ up (with) the Revolution! vive la Révolution!;∎ Sport up the Lakers! allez les Lakers!A.∎ the river is up le fleuve est en crue;∎ the tide is up la marée est haute;∎ before the sun was up avant le lever du soleil;∎ prices are up on last year les prix ont augmenté par rapport à l'année dernière;∎ the temperature is up in the twenties la température a dépassé les vingt degrés(b) (in a raised position) levé;∎ the blinds are up les stores sont levés;∎ keep the windows up (in car) n'ouvrez pas les fenêtres;∎ her hair was up (in a bun) elle avait un chignon;∎ her hood was up so I couldn't see her face sa capuche était relevée, si bien que je ne voyais pas sa figure;∎ figurative his defences were up il était sur ses gardes∎ the up escalator l'escalier roulant qui monte∎ the up train le train qui va en ville;∎ the up platform le quai où l'on prend le train qui va en ville∎ is she up yet? est-elle déjà levée ou debout?;∎ we're normally up at 6 d'habitude nous nous levons à 6 heures;∎ she was up late last night elle s'est couchée ou elle a veillé tard hier soir;∎ they were up all night ils ne se sont pas couchés de la nuit, ils ont passé une nuit blanche∎ was the ball up? la balle était-elle bonne?B.(b) (erected, installed)∎ these buildings haven't been up long ça ne fait pas longtemps que ces immeubles ont été construits;∎ are the new curtains up yet? les nouveaux rideaux ont-ils été posés?;∎ when the tent's up quand la tente sera montée∎ are the results up yet? les résultats sont-ils déjà affichés?C.(a) (finished, at an end) terminé;∎ time is up! (on exam, visit) c'est l'heure!; (in game, on meter) le temps est écoulé!;∎ when the month was up he left à la fin du mois, il est parti∎ Madrid was two goals up Madrid menait de deux buts;∎ Sport Georgetown was 13 points up on Baltimore Georgetown avait 13 points d'avance sur Baltimore;∎ Golf to be one hole up avoir un trou d'avance;∎ familiar I'm $50 up on you j'ai 50 dollars de plus que vous□ ;∎ familiar to be one up on sb avoir un avantage sur qn□∎ dinner's up le dîner est prêt∎ the computer's up again l'ordinateur fonctionne à nouveauD.∎ he seemed very up when I saw him il avait l'air en pleine forme quand je l'ai vu∎ to be up on sth être au fait de qch□ ;∎ he's really up on history il est fort ou calé en histoire□ ;∎ she's always up with the latest trends elle est toujours au courant de la dernière mode□E.∎ to be up before a court/a judge comparaître devant un tribunal/un juge;∎ she's up before the board tomorrow elle comparaît devant le conseil demain∎ what's up? (happening) qu'est-ce qui se passe?□ ; (wrong) qu'est-ce qu'il y a?□ ; American (as greeting) quoi de neuf?;∎ do you know what's up? est-ce que tu sais ce qui se passe?□ ;∎ something's up with Mum il y a quelque chose qui ne va pas chez maman□, maman a quelque chose□ ;∎ there's something up with the TV la télé débloque∎ we carried our suitcases up the stairs nous avons monté nos valises;∎ he ran up the stairs il a monté l'escalier en courant;∎ she was up and down stairs all day elle montait et descendait les escaliers toute la journée;∎ I climbed up the ladder je suis monté à l'échelle;∎ the cat climbed up the tree le chat a grimpé dans l'arbre;∎ the smoke went up my nose la fumée m'est montée par le nez;∎ the gas goes up this pipe le gaz monte par ce tuyau;∎ further up the wall plus haut sur le mur;∎ literary up hill and down dale par monts et par vaux∎ her flat is up those stairs son appartement est en haut de cet escalier;∎ the cat is up a tree le chat est (perché) sur un arbre;∎ we walked up the street nous avons monté la rue;∎ she pointed up the street elle a montré le haut de la rue;∎ she lives up this street elle habite dans cette rue;∎ the café is just up the road le café se trouve plus loin ou plus haut dans la rue∎ up the river en amont;∎ a voyage up the Amazon une remontée de l'Amazone∎ he's up the pub il est au pub;∎ I'm going up the shops je vais faire les courses□∎ up yours! va te faire voir!(a) (increase) augmenter;∎ they have upped their prices by 25 percent ils ont augmenté leurs prix de 25 pour cent;∎ also figurative to up the stakes monter la mise∎ the boss upped him to district manager le patron l'a bombardé directeur régional∎ to up sticks plier bagages∎ familiar she upped and left elle a fichu le camp;∎ he just upped and hit him tout à coup il (s'est levé et) l'a frappé;∎ he upped and married her en moins de deux, il l'a épousée6 noun(a) (high point) haut m;∎ I've had a lot of ups and downs in my life j'ai connu des hauts et des bas;∎ we all have our ups and downs nous avons tous des hauts et des bas∎ the market is on the up le marché est à la hausse;∎ prices are on the up les prix sont en hausse(a) (touching) contre;∎ lean the ladder up against the window appuyez l'échelle contre la fenêtre∎ you're up against some good candidates vous êtes en compétition avec de bons candidats;∎ they don't know what they're up against! ils ne se rendent pas compte de ce qui les attend!;∎ to be up against the law être dans l'illégalité;∎ familiar to be up against it être dans le pétrin∎ I've been up and about since 7 o'clock (gen) je suis levé depuis 7 heures;∎ so you're up and about again? (after illness) alors tu n'es plus alité?1 adverb∎ he was jumping up and down il sautait sur place;∎ she looked us up and down elle nous a regardés de haut en bas;∎ the bottle bobbed up and down on the waves la bouteille montait et descendait sur les vagues;∎ I was up and down all night (in and out of bed) je n'ai pas arrêté de me lever la nuit dernière(b) (to and fro) de long en large;∎ I could hear him walking up and down je l'entendais faire les cent pas ou marcher de long en large;∎ she walked up and down the platform elle faisait les cent pas sur le quai∎ up and down the country dans tout le pays∎ she's been very up and down lately elle a eu beaucoup de hauts et de bas ces derniers temps(a) (under consideration, about to undergo) à;∎ the house is up for sale la maison est à vendre;∎ the project is up for discussion on va discuter du projet;∎ she's up for election elle est candidate ou elle se présente aux élections∎ he's up for murder/speeding il va être jugé pour meurtre/excès de vitesse∎ are you still up for supper tonight? tu veux toujours qu'on dîne ensemble ce soir?□ ;∎ he's up for anything il est toujours partant□ ;∎ was she up for it? (willing to have sex) elle a bien voulu coucher?(a) (as far as) jusqu'à;∎ he can count up to 100 il sait compter jusqu'à 100;∎ the river is up to 25 feet wide le fleuve a jusqu'à 25 pieds de largeur;∎ the bus can take up to 50 passengers le bus peut accueillir jusqu'à 50 passagers;∎ I'm up to page 120 j'en suis à la page 120;∎ up to and including Saturday jusqu'à samedi inclus;∎ up to here jusqu'ici;∎ up to or up until now jusqu'à maintenant, jusqu'ici;∎ up to or up until then jusqu'alors, jusque-là;∎ we were up to our knees in mud nous avions de la boue jusqu'aux genoux∎ should he attend the meeting? - that's up to him est-ce qu'il doit assister à la réunion? - il fait ce qu'il veut ou c'est à lui de voir;∎ which film do you fancy? - it's up to you quel film est-ce que tu veux voir? - c'est comme tu veux;∎ it's entirely up to you whether you go or not il ne tient qu'à toi de rester ou de partir;∎ if it were up to me… si c'était moi qui décidais ou à moi de décider…;∎ it's up to them to pay damages c'est à eux ou il leur appartient de payer les dégâts∎ to be up to doing sth être capable de faire qch;∎ he's not up to heading the team il n'est pas capable de diriger l'équipe;∎ my German is not up to translating novels mon niveau d'allemand ne me permet pas de traduire des romans;∎ he's not up to it (not good enough) il n'est pas capable de le faire;∎ are you going out tonight? - no, I don't feel up to it tu sors ce soir? - non, je n'en ai pas tellement envie;∎ he's not up to the journey il n'est pas à même de faire le voyage;∎ are you up to working or to work? êtes-vous capable de ou en état de travailler?;∎ I'm not up to going back to work je ne suis pas encore en état de reprendre le travail;∎ familiar the football team isn't up to much l'équipe de foot ne vaut pas grand-chose;∎ familiar I don't feel up to much je ne me sens pas en super forme∎ his work is not up to his normal standard son travail n'est pas aussi bon que d'habitude;∎ the levels are up to standard les niveaux sont conformes aux normes;∎ I don't feel up to par je ne me sens pas en forme(e) (engaged in, busy with)∎ let's see what she's up to allons voir ce qu'elle fait ou fabrique;∎ what have you been up to lately? qu'est-ce que tu deviens?;∎ what's he been up to now? qu'est-ce qu'il a encore inventé?;∎ what's he up to with that ladder? qu'est-ce qu'il fabrique avec cette échelle?;∎ what are you up to with my girlfriend? qu'est-ce que tu lui veux à ma copine?;∎ they're up to something ils manigancent quelque chose;∎ she's up to no good elle prépare un mauvais coup;∎ the things we got up to in our youth! qu'est-ce qu'on ou ce qu'on ne faisait pas quand on était jeunes!►► Computing up arrow flèche f vers le haut;up arrow key touche f de déplacement vers le haut
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