to+prune

to count, estimate/ prune, cut off.

am-pŭto, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a., to cut around, to cut away or off, to lop off, prune.

Lit., esp. of plants: amputata id est circum putata, Paul. ex Fest. p. 24 Müll.:

vitem ferro,

Cic. Sen. 15:

mergum,

Col. 4, 15, 4:

cacumen (ulmi),

Plin. 16, 32, 57, § 132.—

Of other things: praeceidit caulem testīsque una amputat ambo,

Lucil. 7, 22 Müll.:

pestiferum in corpore,

Cic. Phil. 8, 5:

umeros,

to mutilate, Sen. Thyest. 761:

ex ipso vertice capillos,

Plin. Ep. 7, 27, 12:

caput,

Suet. Galb. 20:

manus,

id. ib. 9:

pollices,

id. Aug. 24 et saep.—In Pliny also of things that are bitten off:

caudas mugili,

Plin. 9, 62, 88, § 185.—

Trop., to lop off, curtail, shorten, diminish:

amputata inanitas omnis et error,

removed, banished, Cic. Fin. 1, 13:

volo esse in adulescente, unde aliquid amputem,

id. de Or. 2, 21:

licet hinc quantum cuique videbitur circumcidat atque amputet,

id. ib. 1, 15, 65:

longa colloquia,

Sen. Med. 530:

numerum legionum,

Tac. H. 2, 69.—In rhet.:

amputata loqui,

in a disconnected manner, in abrupt sentences, Cic. Or. 51:

amputata oratio et abscisa,

concise, Plin. Ep. 1, 20, 18.

angustus, a, um. adj. [v. ango], narrow, strait, esp. of local relations, close, contracted, small, not spacious (syn.: artus, brevis, contractus;

opp. latus,

Cic. Ac. 2, 29, 92). [p. 120]

Lit.:

fretus,

Lucr. 1, 720:

Angustum per iter,

id. 5, 1132; so Sall. J. 92, 7, and Vulg. Judith, 4, 6; 7, 5:

pontes angusti,

Cic. Leg. 3, 17:

domus,

id. Fin. 1, 20, 65:

fauces portūs angustissimae,

Caes. B. C. 1, 25:

fines,

id. B. G. 1, 2 Herz.:

cellae,

Hor. S. 1, 8, 8:

rima,

id. Ep. 1, 7, 29:

Principis angustā Caprearum in rupe sedentis,

on the narrow rock, Juv. 10, 93 Herm., where Jahn reads augusta, both readings yielding an apposite sense:

porta,

Vulg. Matt. 7, 13; ib. Luc. 13, 24 al.— Subst.: angustum, i, n., narrowness:

per angustum,

Lucr. 4, 530:

angusta viarum,

Verg. A. 2, 332:

pontes et viarum angusta,

Tac. H. 4, 35.—

Trop.

In angustum concludere, adducere, deducere, etc., to reduce to a strait, i. e. to restrain, confine, etc.:

ab illā immensā societate humani generis in exiguum angustumque concluditur,

Cic. Off. 1, 17:

amicitia ex infinitā societate generis humani ita contracta est et adducta in angustum, ut, etc.,

id. Am. 5.—Of the passions, to curb, restrain, moderate:

perturbationes animi contrahere et in angustum deducere,

Cic. Ac. 1, 10.—

Of other things: clavus angustus, the narrow purple stripe upon the tunic, v. clavus:

spiritus,

short, difficult, Cic. de Or. 1, 61:

odor rosae,

not diffused far, Plin. 21, 4, 10, § 14.—Once also of the point of an arrow = acutus, Cels. 7, 5, n. 2.—

Of time, short, brief:

angustus dies,

Ov. Tr. 5, 10, 8; Stat. Th. 1, 442:

nox,

Ov. Am. 3, 7, 25:

tempus,

Luc. 4, 447.—

Of means of living, and the like, pinching, scanty, needy:

pauperies,

Hor. C. 3, 2, 1:

res angusta domi,

Juv. 3, 164:

mensa,

Sen. Thyest. 452: domus, poor, i. e. built without much expense, Tac. A. 2, 33.—

Of other external relations of life, difficult, critical, uncertain:

rebus angustis animosus atque Fortis adpare,

Hor. C. 2, 10, 21:

cum fides totā Italiā esset angustior,

was weakened, Caes. B. C. 3, 1.— Subst.: angustum, i, n., a difficult, critical, condition, danger: in angustum cogi, * Ter. Heaut. 4, 2, 2:

res est in angusto,

the condition is perilous, Caes. B. G. 2, 25:

spes est in angusto,

hope is feeble, Cels. 8, 4.—

Of mind or character, narrow, base, low, mean-spirited:

nihil est tam angusti animi, tam parvi, quam amare divitias,

Cic. Off. 1, 20, 68:

animi angusti et demissi,

id. Pis. 24, 57:

ecce autem alii minuti et angusti, aut omnia semper desperantes, aut malevoli, invidi, etc.,

id. Fin. 1, 18, 61.—

Of learned investigations that lay too much stress upon little things, subtle, hair-splitting:

minutae angustaeque concertationes,

Cic. de Or. 3, 31:

pungunt (Stoici) quasi aculeis, interrogatiunculis angustis,

id. Fin. 4, 3, 7.—

Of discourse, brief, simple:

et angusta quaedam et concisa, et alia est dilatata et fusa oratio,

Cic. Or. 56, 187:

Intonet angusto pectore Callimachus,

i.e. in simple style, Prop. 2, 1, 40.— Adv.: angustē.

Lit., of space, quantity, or number, within narrow limits, closely, hardly: recepissem te, nisi anguste sederem, if I were not in close quarters, Cic. ap. Macr. S. 2, 3:

anguste putare vitem,

to prune close, Col. 4, 16, 1; so,

anguste aliquid deputare,

id. 4, 22, 3:

quā (re frumentariā) anguste utebatur,

in small quantity, Caes. B. C. 3, 16:

tantum navium repperit, ut anguste quindecim milia militum, quingentos equites transportare possent, = vix,

scarcely fifteen thousand, id. ib. 3, 2.— Comp.:

angustius pabulabantur,

within narrower range, Caes. B. C. 1, 59:

aliae (arbores) radices angustius diffundunt,

Varr. R. R. 1, 37, 5:

quanto sit angustius imperitatum,

Tac. A. 4, 4:

eo anno frumentum propter siccitates angustius provenerat,

more scantily, Caes. B. G. 5, 24.— Sup.:

Caesar (nitebatur) ut quam angustissime Pompeium contineret,

Caes. B. C. 3, 45:

furunculus angustissime praecisus,

Col. 4, 24, 17. —

Trop.

In gen., within narrow limits:

anguste intraque civiles actiones coërcere rhetoricam,

Quint. 2, 15, 36.— Comp.: haud scio an recte ea virtus frugalitas appellari possit, quod angustius apud Graecos valet, qui frugi homines chrêsimous appellant, id est tantum modo utiles, has a narrower meaning, Cic. Tusc. 3, 8, 16:

Reliqui habere se videntur angustius, enatant tamen etc.,

seem to be more hampered, id. ib. 5, 31, 87.—

Esp. of speaking or writing, closely, briefly, concisely, without diffuseness: anguste scribere, Cic. Mur. 13, 28:

anguste et exiliter dicere,

id. Brut. 84, 289:

anguste disserere,

id. Part. Or. 41, 139:

presse et anguste rem definire,

id. Or. 33, 117:

anguste materiem terminare,

Quint. 7, 4, 40.— Comp.:

Pergit idem et urget angustius,

Cic. N. D. 2, 8, 22:

concludere brevius angustiusque,

id. ib. 2, 7, 20.

angustus, a, um. adj. [v. ango], narrow, strait, esp. of local relations, close, contracted, small, not spacious (syn.: artus, brevis, contractus;

opp. latus,

Cic. Ac. 2, 29, 92). [p. 120]

Lit.:

fretus,

Lucr. 1, 720:

Angustum per iter,

id. 5, 1132; so Sall. J. 92, 7, and Vulg. Judith, 4, 6; 7, 5:

pontes angusti,

Cic. Leg. 3, 17:

domus,

id. Fin. 1, 20, 65:

fauces portūs angustissimae,

Caes. B. C. 1, 25:

fines,

id. B. G. 1, 2 Herz.:

cellae,

Hor. S. 1, 8, 8:

rima,

id. Ep. 1, 7, 29:

Principis angustā Caprearum in rupe sedentis,

on the narrow rock, Juv. 10, 93 Herm., where Jahn reads augusta, both readings yielding an apposite sense:

porta,

Vulg. Matt. 7, 13; ib. Luc. 13, 24 al.— Subst.: angustum, i, n., narrowness:

per angustum,

Lucr. 4, 530:

angusta viarum,

Verg. A. 2, 332:

pontes et viarum angusta,

Tac. H. 4, 35.—

Trop.

In angustum concludere, adducere, deducere, etc., to reduce to a strait, i. e. to restrain, confine, etc.:

ab illā immensā societate humani generis in exiguum angustumque concluditur,

Cic. Off. 1, 17:

amicitia ex infinitā societate generis humani ita contracta est et adducta in angustum, ut, etc.,

id. Am. 5.—Of the passions, to curb, restrain, moderate:

perturbationes animi contrahere et in angustum deducere,

Cic. Ac. 1, 10.—

Of other things: clavus angustus, the narrow purple stripe upon the tunic, v. clavus:

spiritus,

short, difficult, Cic. de Or. 1, 61:

odor rosae,

not diffused far, Plin. 21, 4, 10, § 14.—Once also of the point of an arrow = acutus, Cels. 7, 5, n. 2.—

Of time, short, brief:

angustus dies,

Ov. Tr. 5, 10, 8; Stat. Th. 1, 442:

nox,

Ov. Am. 3, 7, 25:

tempus,

Luc. 4, 447.—

Of means of living, and the like, pinching, scanty, needy:

pauperies,

Hor. C. 3, 2, 1:

res angusta domi,

Juv. 3, 164:

mensa,

Sen. Thyest. 452: domus, poor, i. e. built without much expense, Tac. A. 2, 33.—

Of other external relations of life, difficult, critical, uncertain:

rebus angustis animosus atque Fortis adpare,

Hor. C. 2, 10, 21:

cum fides totā Italiā esset angustior,

was weakened, Caes. B. C. 3, 1.— Subst.: angustum, i, n., a difficult, critical, condition, danger: in angustum cogi, * Ter. Heaut. 4, 2, 2:

res est in angusto,

the condition is perilous, Caes. B. G. 2, 25:

spes est in angusto,

hope is feeble, Cels. 8, 4.—

Of mind or character, narrow, base, low, mean-spirited:

nihil est tam angusti animi, tam parvi, quam amare divitias,

Cic. Off. 1, 20, 68:

animi angusti et demissi,

id. Pis. 24, 57:

ecce autem alii minuti et angusti, aut omnia semper desperantes, aut malevoli, invidi, etc.,

id. Fin. 1, 18, 61.—

Of learned investigations that lay too much stress upon little things, subtle, hair-splitting:

minutae angustaeque concertationes,

Cic. de Or. 3, 31:

pungunt (Stoici) quasi aculeis, interrogatiunculis angustis,

id. Fin. 4, 3, 7.—

Of discourse, brief, simple:

et angusta quaedam et concisa, et alia est dilatata et fusa oratio,

Cic. Or. 56, 187:

Intonet angusto pectore Callimachus,

i.e. in simple style, Prop. 2, 1, 40.— Adv.: angustē.

Lit., of space, quantity, or number, within narrow limits, closely, hardly: recepissem te, nisi anguste sederem, if I were not in close quarters, Cic. ap. Macr. S. 2, 3:

anguste putare vitem,

to prune close, Col. 4, 16, 1; so,

anguste aliquid deputare,

id. 4, 22, 3:

quā (re frumentariā) anguste utebatur,

in small quantity, Caes. B. C. 3, 16:

tantum navium repperit, ut anguste quindecim milia militum, quingentos equites transportare possent, = vix,

scarcely fifteen thousand, id. ib. 3, 2.— Comp.:

angustius pabulabantur,

within narrower range, Caes. B. C. 1, 59:

aliae (arbores) radices angustius diffundunt,

Varr. R. R. 1, 37, 5:

quanto sit angustius imperitatum,

Tac. A. 4, 4:

eo anno frumentum propter siccitates angustius provenerat,

more scantily, Caes. B. G. 5, 24.— Sup.:

Caesar (nitebatur) ut quam angustissime Pompeium contineret,

Caes. B. C. 3, 45:

furunculus angustissime praecisus,

Col. 4, 24, 17. —

Trop.

In gen., within narrow limits:

anguste intraque civiles actiones coërcere rhetoricam,

Quint. 2, 15, 36.— Comp.: haud scio an recte ea virtus frugalitas appellari possit, quod angustius apud Graecos valet, qui frugi homines chrêsimous appellant, id est tantum modo utiles, has a narrower meaning, Cic. Tusc. 3, 8, 16:

Reliqui habere se videntur angustius, enatant tamen etc.,

seem to be more hampered, id. ib. 5, 31, 87.—

Esp. of speaking or writing, closely, briefly, concisely, without diffuseness: anguste scribere, Cic. Mur. 13, 28:

anguste et exiliter dicere,

id. Brut. 84, 289:

anguste disserere,

id. Part. Or. 41, 139:

presse et anguste rem definire,

id. Or. 33, 117:

anguste materiem terminare,

Quint. 7, 4, 40.— Comp.:

Pergit idem et urget angustius,

Cic. N. D. 2, 8, 22:

concludere brevius angustiusque,

id. ib. 2, 7, 20.

castro, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [Sanscr. çastra, knife, sword].

To deprive of generative power (both of male and female), to emasculate, castrate, geld:

hircum,

Plaut. Merc. 2, 2, 1 and 4:

agnum,

Varr. R. R. 2, 2, 18:

gallos,

id. ib. 3, 9, 3; Curt. 6, 3, 12; Val. Max. 6, 1, 13; Suet. Dom. 7:

sues,

Plin. 8, 51, 77, § 208; 10, 21, 25, § 50; 11, 51, 112, § 261 al.—

Transf. to plants, to prune, lop, trim, Cato, R. R. 33, 2; Plin. 17, 20, 33, § 144; 24, 8, 33, § 49.—

Trop.: vina saccis, to pass through a sack or bag, to filter, Plin. 19, 4, 19, § 53; cf. id. 14, 22, 28, § 138 sq.:

siligo castrata,

i. e. cleaned, id. 18, 9, 20, § 86:

semen,

id. 15, 14, 15, § 51.—

In gen., to shorten, cut off, curtail:

caudas catulorum,

Col. 7, 12, 14; cf. Plin. 8, 41, 63, § 153:

alvos apum,

to take up, to take out the honey, Col. 9, 15, 4; 9, 15, 11; cf.:

castrare alvearia,

Pall. 7, 7.—

Trop., to enervate, debilitate: castrata res publica morte Africani, weakened (a vulgar figure, acc. to Cic. de Or. 3, 41, 164; Quint. 8, 6, 15):

nisi illum (Maecenatem) enervasset felicitas, immo castrasset,

Sen. Ep. 19, 9:

libellos,

to remove obscenity, to expurgate, Mart. 1, 35, 14:

vires,

to diminish, Plin. 11, 18, 19, § 60:

avaritiam,

to check, restrain, Claud. Eutr. 1, 192.

compesco, pescui (pescitum, Prisc. p. 887 P.), 3, v. a. [compes], to fasten together, to confine, hold in check, to repress, curb, restrain (mostly poet. or in post-Aug. prose; not in Cic.; the words quoted as from Cic. by Quint. 11, 3, 169: quin compescitis vocem istam? ap. Cic. himself, Rab. Perd. 8, 18, are: quin continetis vocem).

Lit.:

ramos fluentes,

i. e. to clip, prune, Verg. G. 2, 370; Col. 5, 6, 11:

spatiantia bracchia,

Ov. M. 14, 630:

ignibus ignes,

id. ib. 2, 313:

incendia,

Plin. Ep. 10, 33 (43), 2:

mare,

Hor. Ep. 1, 12, 16:

luxuriosam vitem fructu,

Col. 4, 21, 2; cf. Plin. 14, 20, 25, § 124:

harundinem,

Col. 4, 32, 5; cf.: coërceo cretam, to tread, stamp, Titin. ap. Non. p. 245, 32:

equum angustis habenis,

Tib. 1, 4, 11:

suos ocellos,

Prop. 1, 16, 31:

seditiosum civem,

Quint. 11, 1, 40; cf.

legiones,

Suet. Calig. 1:

multitudinem,

id. Caes. 16.—

Trop., to suppress, repress, restrain, check, etc.: seditionem [p. 389] exercitūs verbo uno, Tac. A. 1, 42:

hostiles motus per legatos,

Suet. Tib. 37:

sitim multā undā,

Ov. M. 4, 102: maledicta hinc aufer;

linguam compescas face,

Plaut. Poen. 5, 2, 75; cf. querellas.

3, 954 Lachm.:

tristitiam,

Ov. M. 9, 396:

clamorem,

Hor. C. 2, 20, 23:

risum,

id. S. 2, 8, 63; and:

vino dolores,

Tib. 1, 2, 1:

animam frenis et catenā,

Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 63:

mentem,

id. C. 1, 16, 22:

scelera,

Quint. 12, 1, 26:

ardorem (together with temperavit vim suam),

Tac. Agr. 8:

mores dissolutos vi,

Phaedr. 1, 2, 12.—

With inf.:

cave malum et compesce in illum dicere injuste,

cease, forbear, Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 59.

con-sĕco, cŭi, ctum, 1, v. a. (rare; not in Cic.).

To cut up, cut to pieces:

brassicam,

Cato, R. R. 157:

nasturtium minutatim,

Varr. R. R. 3, 10, 6:

rapa,

id. ib. 1, 59, 4:

membra fratris (Medea),

Ov. Tr. 3, 9, 34:

genas,

to lacerate, Petr. 137, 4.—

In Pliny, to cut off, lop, prune:

surculos,

Plin. 12, 19, 43, § 96:

truncum arboris,

id. 17, 10, 9, § 58; 36, 26, 66, § 193.

dē-pasco, pāvi, pastum, 3, v. a., and dē-pascor, ci, 3, v. depon., to feed down, feed off.

Lit.

Of the shepherd:

si d. saepius voles, etc.,

Col. 2, 10, 31:

glandem immisso pecore depasco,

Dig. 10, 4, 9:

saltus,

Ov. F. 5, 283:

luxuriem segetum,

Verg. G. 1, 112.—

Of the cattle, to feed upon, eat up, consume.

Form depasco:

si haedi roscidas herbas depaverint,

Col. 7, 5, 21; Verg. G. 4, 539.—In the part. perf.:

saepes Hyblaeis apibus florem depasta salicti,

id. E. 1, 55;

segetes,

Plin. 18, 17, 45, § 161: altaria, poet. for that which is upon it, Verg. A. 5, 93.—

Form depascor:

papilio ceras depascitur,

Plin. 11, 19, 21, § 65:

miseros morsu depascitur artus (serpens),

Verg. A. 2, 215; Vulg. Exod. 22, 5.—In the part. perf., Claud. VI. Cons. Honor. 239; cf.: depastis juvencis, Auct. Laud. Herc. 77.—

Trop.

Depon.

To cull, select:

omnia nos itidem depascimur aurea dicta,

Lucr. 3, 12.—

To prune away, remove:

in summa ubertate (orationis) inest luxuries quaedam, quae stilo depascenda est,

Cic. de Or. 2, 23, 96.—

To destroy, waste:

veterem possessionem Academiae,

id. Leg. 1, 21, 55;

so of disease: artus depascitur arida febris,

Verg. G. 3, 458; imitated by Claud. in Rufin. 1, 302; id. Idyll. 3, 11.—

Rarely in the act. form:

et potuit Latium longo depascere bello?

Sil. 16, 681: in inferno positi sunt;

mors depascet eos,

Vulg. Psa. 48, 14 (cf. carpo, no. II. B. 2: decerpo, no. II. B. 2 al.).—The part. perf. in a pass. signif.:

ipsaque diris Frons depasta modis,

Sil. 6, 51:

depasti flammis scopuli,

id. 12, 153.

dē-pŭto, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a.

In agriculture, to cut off, prune:

vineam,

Cato R. R. 49, 1; 50, 1:

arbores,

Col. 11, 2, 32:

palmites falce,

id. 4, 7, 1:

malleolum,

id. 3, 10, 19.— Poet.: umbras (i. e. ramos), Ov. de Nuce, 63.—

Ante- and post-class., to esteem, consider, count as; and alicui or ad aliquid, in late Lat., to destine, allot to any one or any thing:

operam alicujus parvi preti,

Ter. Hec. 5, 3, 1:

cum iniquis deputari,

to be classed among, Vulg. Luc. 22, 37; cf.:

aliquid delicto,

to impute, Tert. de Poenit. 3:

omne id esse in lucro,

Ter. Ph. 2, 1, 16 and 21:

si hoc in rem deputas,

Plaut. Trin. 3, 3, 20:

me omnes esse dignum deputant,

id. Amph. 1, 1, 6; cf. Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 83; Att. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 22, 45:

tun' virum me deputas esse?

Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 9; cf. Cic. Tusc. 3, 27, 65:

vaccas steriles aratro,

Pall. Mart. 11, 6; id. Sept. 10, 1:

deputata sibi a natura sedes,

Macr. S. 7, 14 al.: servos ad gladium ludi, to condemn, Capit. Macr. 12.