to+pass

dūco, xi, ctum, 3 ( imp. duc;

but duce,

Plaut. Ep. 3, 3, 18; id. Most. 1, 4, 11; id. Poen. 5, 4, 59; id. Rud. 2, 3, 55; id. Trin. 2, 2, 103; id. Truc. 2, 5, 26.— Perf. sync.: duxti, Varr. ap. Non. 283, 32; Cat. 91, 9; Prop. 1, 3, 27), v. a. [cf. Goth. tiuh-an; O. H. Germ. zieh-an, to draw; Germ. -zog, in Herzog, commander, duke], to lead, conduct, draw, bring forward, in all senses; very freq. passing over into the signif. of the compounds abducere, deducere, adducere, producere, etc., and of the synonyms agere, trahere, movere, etc. (very freq.).

Lit.

In gen.:

quo sequar? quo ducis nunc me?

Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 2: duc hos intro, id. Am. 2, 2, 224; id. Aul. 2, 6, 13:

duc ac demonstra mihi,

id. Cist. 2, 3, 36:

suas secum mulierculas sunt in castra ducturi,

Cic. Cat. 2, 10 fin.; cf. Caes. B. G. 5, 5 fin. et saep.:

(difficile iter) vix qua singuli carri ducerentur,

id. ib. 1, 6, 1; cf.

plaustra,

Ov. Tr. 3, 10, 34: aquam ducere, Cato ap. Charis. p. 192 P.; so,

aquam per fundum ejus,

Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 2, § 4:

spiritum naribus,

Varr. R. R. 2, 3, 5: so,

spiritum per siccas fauces,

Sen. Ben. 3, 8; cf.:

aërem spiritu,

Cic. N. D. 2, 6 fin.:

animam spiritu,

id. ib. 2, 54, 136; and in gen.: spiritum, for to live, id. Fam. 10, 1; cf.:

vitam et spiritum,

id. de Imp. Pomp. 12, 33:

tura naribus,

to inhale, Hor. C. 4, 1, 22:

sucos nectaris,

to drink in full draughts, to quaff, id. ib. 3, 3, 34; cf.

pocula,

id. ib. 1, 17, 22; and:

Liberum,

id. ib. 4, 12, 14.— Poet.:

jucunda oblivia vitae (referring to the waters of Lethe),

Hor. S. 2, 6, 62 (cf. Verg. A. 6, 714 sq.) et saep.:

mucronem,

to draw from the scabbard, Verg. A. 12, 378; cf.:

ferrum vaginā,

Ov. F. 4, 929:

ensem vagina,

Sil. 8, 342;

but: ensem duxerat faber,

had beaten out, forged, Tib. 1, 3, 48:

sortem,

Cic. Div. 2, 33; Verg. A. 6, 22;

hence, also transf. of that which is drawn by lot,

Cic. Div. 1, 18, 34; id. Rep. 1, 34; Suet. Caes. 12; Tac. A. 1, 54; 3, 28 al.:

pondus aratri,

to draw, Ov. M. 7, 119:

remos,

to row, id. ib. 1, 294; cf. id. ib. 4, 353:

numerosa brachia,

in dancing, id. Am. 2, 4, 29:

lanas,

to spin, id. ib. 4, 34; cf.

stamina,

id. ib. 4, 221:

ubera,

to milk, id. ib. 9, 358:

frena manu,

to guide, govern, id. ib. 15, 518: vela, to haul (= navigare), Prop. 1, 6, 2:

manus, of swimming,

id. 3, 20, 2:

ilia,

to draw the flanks together, become broken-winded, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 9:

os,

to draw awry, to make wry faces, Cic. Or. 25 fin.; Quint. 9, 3, 101; cf.

vultum,

Ov. M. 2, 774; id. P. 4, 8, 13; Mart. 1, 41 et saep.:

non equus impiger Curru ducet Achaico Victorem,

to draw along, Hor. C. 4, 3, 5; cf. id. Ep. 1, 1, 93.— Absol.:

sibi quisque ducere, trahere, rapere,

to take to one's self, appropriate, Sall. J. 41, 5.—

Esp.

To lead, conduct, as a way or road:

via ducit (te), in urbem?

Verg. E. 9, 1; cf. Plin. Ep. 7, 5; Verg. A. 1, 401; Ov. F. 2, 679:

Brundisium Minuci melius via ducat an Appi,

Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 20:

via ad undas,

Ov. M. 3, 602:

via ad infernas sedes,

id. ib. 4, 433; cf.:

iter ad urbem,

id. ib. 437; Curt. 3, 28, 19; Sen. Prov. 6, 7; id. Vit. Beat. 1; Plin. 18, 11, 29, § 111; Quint. 5, 9, 14; Liv. 5, 40, 8 al.—

Se, in colloq. lang., to betake one's self, go:

jam me ad regem recta ducam,

Plaut. Am. 4, 3, 8; id. Aul. 4, 8, 8; id. Bacch. 4, 2, 11; Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 7: Balbus duxit se a Gadibus, Asin. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 32, 1.—

A legal t. t., to take, lead away, drag, carry off a person before court, to prison, to punishment, etc.: POST. DEINDE. MANVS. INIECTIO. ESTO. IN. IVS. DVCITO, XII. Tab. ap. Gell. 20, 1, 45; so,

in jus,

Liv. 2, 27:

illos duci in carcerem jubent,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 30:

aliquem in carcerem,

Suet. Caes. 20:

in vincula,

id. ib. 79:

ad mortem,

Cic. Cat. 1, 1, 1; Nep. Phoc. 4, 3; and absol.:

ducite, ubi capiat, etc.,

Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 65; Sen. de Ira, 1, 16, 14; Suet. Calig. 27; Plin. Ep. 10, 97, 3 al.: NI. IVDICATVM. FACIT. AVT. QVIS. ENDO. EM. IVRE. VINDICIT. SECVM. DVCITO. VINCITO, etc., XII. Tab. ap. Gell. 20, 1, 45:

decreta ejus modi: SI PETIT DUCAS. C. Fuficium duci jussit petitorem,

to be imprisoned, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 12, § 31; so of a debtor (addictus) who is led off as a slave, Novat. ap. Cic. de Or. 2, 63, 255; Plaut. Bacch. 5, 2, 87; Cic. Fl. 20 fin.; Liv. 6, 14 sq.; cf. id. 2, 23 med.; cf.

prov.: stultitiast venatum ducere invitas canes,

Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 83. —

Uxorem, to lead a wife home, i. e. to marry:

bona uxor si ea deducta est, etc.... Verum egon eam ducam domum, Quae, etc.?

Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 91:

uxorem domum,

id. Aul. 2, 1, 40; Ter. Ph. 2, 1, 68:

filiam Orgetorigis in matrimonium,

Caes. B. G. 1, 9, 3; cf. Liv. 4, 4:

eum uxorem ducturum esse aliam,

Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 105:

uxorem (or aliquam, filiam alicujus, etc.),

id. Aul. 2, 1, 48; id. Cas. prol. 69 et saep.; Ter. And. 1, 1, 128; 2, 1, 21 et saep.; Cic. Sest. 3; Caes. B. G. 1, 53, 4; id. B. C. 3, 110, 2; Verg. E. 8, 29; Vulg. Marc. 10, 11 et saep.— Absol.:

si tu negaris ducere,

Ter. And. 2, 3, 5; 2, 3, 9; id. Phorm. 2, 3, 76; Liv. 4, 4 al.: jugum ducere cum infidelibus, i. e. to be yoked in marriage, Vulg. 2 Cor. 6, 14.—Rarely for nubere: si ignorans statum Erotis ut liberum duxisti, isque postea servus est judicatus, etc., Imp. Antonin. ap. Cod. Just. 5, 18, 3.—In the comic poets, of taking home prostitutes, Plaut. Most. 1, 1, 35; 4, 2, 44; id. Men. 1, 2, 15; id. Stich. 5, 4, 48; id. Truc. 3, 2, 10 et saep.—

In milit. lang.

Said of a commander, to lead, to cause to move, to march his army in any direction:

locis apertis exercitum ducere,

Caes. B. G. 1, 41, 4; cf. id. B. C. 1, 64 fin.; 1, 68, 1:

exercitum ab Allobrogibus in Segusianos,

id. B. G. 1, 10 fin.:

exercitum in fines Suessionum,

id. ib. 2, 12, 1; cf. id. ib. 4, 38, 3;

5, 18, 1: exercitum (legiones, etc.) in Bellovacos,

id. ib. 2, 13, 1; 5, 24, 2 et saep.; cf. Tac. A. 2, 57:

cohortes ad eam partem munitionum, quae, etc.,

Caes. B. C. 3, 62, 2:

exercitum Uticam,

id. ib. 2, 26, 1:

reliquas copias contra Labienum,

id. B. G. 7, 61 fin. et saep.—In pass., of the soldiers, to march, move:

quam in partem aut quo consilio ducerentur,

Caes. B. G. 1, 40, 2.—And in act., absol., of the general himself, to march, move (a favorite expression of Liv.;

not in Caes. or Sall.): (Mettus) ducit, quam proxime ad hostem potest,

Liv. 1, 23; 1, 27; 9, 35; 22, 18 et saep.—Hence,

In gen., to lead, command an army or (more freq.) a division:

qua in legatione duxit exercitum,

Cic. Mur. 9, 20; so,

exercitum,

Nep. Eum. 13, 1; id. Epam. 7, 3:

qui superiore anno primum pilum duxerat,

Caes. B. G. 5, 35, 6; 6, 38, 1; id. B. C. 3, 91, 1:

ordinem,

id. ib. 1, 13, 4; 3, 104, 3; Suet. Vesp. 1:

partem exercitūs,

Sall. J. 55, 4 et saep.—Rarely, to lead a division in front, in advance:

consuetudine sua Caesar sex legiones expeditas ducebat: post eas... inde, etc.,

Caes. B. G. 2, 19, 2; hence also, to march in front, take the lead, said of the division that forms the van:

pars equitum et auxiliariae cohortes ducebant, mox prima legio, etc.,

Tac. A. 1, 51; cf. id. ib. 1, 64 fin. —

Transf. beyond the milit. sphere, to lead, to be leader, head, chief, first in any thing:

accedit etiam, quod familiam ducit,

Cic. Fam. 7, 5 fin. Manut.; so,

familiam,

id. Phil. 5, 11, 30; id. Fin. 4, 16, 45:

ordines,

id. Phil. 1, 8, 20:

classem (discipulorum),

Quint. 1, 2, 24 Spald.:

funus,

Hor. Epod. 8, 12:

toros,

Ov. F. 6, 668 et saep.—

To conduct as prisoners in a triumph:

per triumphum,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 26, § 67:

in triumpho,

Plin. 7, 43, 45, § 139, v. triumphus.—

With the accessory idea of creation, formation, to produce, form, construct, make, fashion, shape, dispose (cf.:

struo, pono, condo, fundo): parietem per vestibulum alicujus,

to erect, Cic. Mil. 27 fin.; cf.

muros,

Hor. C. 4, 6, 23:

vallum ex castris ad aquam,

Caes. B. C. 1, 73, 2:

fossam,

id. B. G. 7, 72, 1; 7, 73, 2:

arcum,

Ov. M. 3, 160:

lateres de terra,

Vitr. 2, 3:

vivos vultus de marmore (with excudere spirantia aera),

Verg. A. 6, 849; cf. id. ib. 7, 634; Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 240; Varr. ap. Non. 283, 32; Plin. 7, 37, 38, § 125; Quint. 10, 3, 18 Spald.; Juv. 7, 237; hence, poet. also:

epos,

Hor. S. 1, 10, 44:

carmen,

Ov. Tr. 1, 11, 18; 3, 14, 32:

versus,

id. ib. 5, 12, 63 et saep.:

liniam ex colore,

Plin. 35, 10, 36, § 81; Quint. 2, 6, 2; cf.

orbem,

id. 11, 3, 118:

alvum,

to bring forth by clysters, Cels. 2, 12; 4, 4 et saep.: alapam alicui, qs. to fetch one a box on the ear, Phaedr. 5, 3, 2; cf.

colaphum,

Quint. 6, 3, 83 Spald.:

pugnum,

Dig. 47, 10, 4 et saep.;

so esp. of processions, dances, etc.: funus,

Cic. Quint. 15 fin.; Ov. M. 14, 746; Verg. G. 4, 256; cf.

exsequias,

Plin. 8, 42, 64, § 154:

pompam,

Ov. H. 12, 152; id. F. 6, 405; id. M. 13, 699:

choros,

Tib. 2, 1, 56; Hor. C. 1, 4, 5; 4, 7, 6 et saep.; cf.

choreas,

Ov. M. 8, 582; 14, 520.—

To receive, admit, take any thing (not ante-Aug.):

cicatricem,

Ov. Tr. 3, 11, 66; Liv. 29, 32, 12:

rimam,

Ov. M. 4, 65:

situm,

to grow rusty, Quint. 1, 2, 18:

formam,

Ov. M. 1, 402:

colorem,

id. ib. 3, 485; cf.

pallorem,

to grow pale, id. ib. 8, 760:

nomina,

Hor. C. 3, 27, 76:

notam,

id. ib. 4, 2, 59 et saep.

Trop.

In gen., to lead, guide, draw, conduct:

progredimur quo ducit quemque voluntas,

Lucr. 2, 258; cf. Hor. Ep. 1, 3, 27; 1, 6, 57:

ad strepitum citharae cessatum ducere curam,

id. ib. 1, 2, 31:

Liber vota bonos ducit ad exitus,

id. C. 4, 8, 34; cf. Quint. 12, 1, 26:

per quaedam parva sane ducant (futurum oratorem),

id. 1, 10, 5; cf. id. 1, 1, 27; 1, 5, 58.—Prov.:

ducunt volentem fata, nolentem trahunt,

Sen. Ep. 107.—

In partic.

To draw, deduce, [p. 616] derive its origin or beginning from, any thing:

ab aliqua re totius vitae ducere exordium,

Cic. Fin. 5, 7, 18; cf.:

exordium a nostra persona,

Quint. 3, 8, 8; 4, 1, 7:

principium disputationis a principe investigandae veritatis,

Cic. N. D. 2, 21 fin.:

belli initium a fame,

id. Att. 9, 9, 2; cf. Quint. 1, 1, 21:

initia causasque omnium ex quatuor temporum mutationibus,

Cic. N. D. 2, 19, 49:

originem ab Isocrate,

Quint. 2, 15, 4; 1, 6, 38; Hor. C. 3, 17, 5 al.:

ingressionem non ex oratoriis disputationibus, sed, etc.,

Cic. Or. 3, 11:

honestum ab iis rebus,

id. Off. 1, 18, 60; id. Or. 39, 135:

nomen ex quo,

id. Ac. 11, 41; cf.:

nomen a Graeco,

Quint. 1, 6, 3; 3, 7, 1; Hor. S. 2, 1, 66 et saep.; cf.

also: utrumque (sc. amor et amicitia) ductum (al. dictum) est ab amando,

Cic. Lael. 27; id. Fin. 2, 24, 78.—

To lead a person, as regards his will or opinions, in any direction; to move, incite, induce, allure, in a good or bad sense (most freq. in the pass.):

ita me ad credendum tua ducit oratio,

Cic. Tusc. 2, 18:

nos ducit scholarum consuetudo,

Quint. 4, 2, 28; 5, 11, 19; cf. id. 9, 1, 21:

ducit te species,

Hor. S. 2, 2, 35 et saep.:

declamatores quosdam perversa ducit ambitio, ut, etc.,

Quint. 10, 7, 21.—In the pass.:

si quis statuarum honore aut gloria ducitur,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 58 fin.:

eloquentiae laude,

id. Or. 32, 115:

quaestu et lucro,

id. Tusc. 5, 3, 9:

hoc errore ut, etc.,

id. Off. 1, 41; cf.:

litteris eorum et urbanitate, ut, etc.,

id. Rosc. Am. 41, 120:

omnes trahimur et ducimur ad cognitionis et scientiae cupiditatem,

id. Off. 1, 6 et saep.—

In a bad sense, to cheat, deceive, Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 26; id. Capt. 4, 2, 7; Ter. And. 4, 1, 20; id. Ph. 3, 2, 15; Prop. 2, 17, 1 (3, 8, 1 M.); Ov. H. 19, 13; id. M. 3, 587 (with decipere).—

With regard to time, to draw out, extend, protract, prolong:

bellum,

Caes. B. G. 1, 38, 4; id. B. C. 2, 18, 6; 2, 37, 5 sq.; Cic. Fam. 7, 3, 2; Liv. 22, 25 et saep.; cf.:

bellum longius,

Caes. B. C. 1, 64, 2; 3, 42, 3:

bellum in hiemem,

id. ib. 1, 61, 3:

eam rem longius,

id. B. G. 7, 11, 4; cf.:

rem prope in noctem,

id. B. C. 3, 51, 7:

rem leniter,

Liv. 3, 41 et saep. Also transf., of time itself:

tempus,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 11; Nep. Them. 7:

diem ex die,

Caes. B. G. 1, 16, 4; and of persons who are put off, delayed:

ubi se diutius duci intellexit,

id. ib. 1, 16, 5.—Less freq. (mostly poet.),

In gen., of time, to pass, spend, enjoy:

aetatem in litteris,

Cic. Fin. 5, 19, 50; so,

aetatem,

Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 202:

vitam,

id. Epod. 17, 63; Sen. Ep. 45, 10; cf. Verg. A. 2, 641 (where, shortly before, vitam producere):

noctes,

Prop. 1, 11, 5; Plin. Ep. 6, 31, 13:

somnos,

Verg. A. 4, 560.—

In mercant. lang., to calculate, compute, reckon: age nunc summam sumptus duc, Lucil. ap. Non. 283, 30:

minimum ut sequamur, quoniam XC. medimnūm milia duximus, accedant eo, etc.,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 49; id. Att. 6, 1, 5 and 16; 6, 2, 7; Varr. R. R. 3, 16, 11; Gell. 1, 20, 5.—

Transf. beyond the mercant. sphere.

Rationem alicujus, to consider, calculate, care for one's advantage or interest (a favorite expression of Cicero):

duxi meam rationem, quam tibi facile me probaturum arbitrabar,

Cic. Att. 8, 11 D, § 7; so,

suam quoque rationem,

to have respect to one's own advantage, id. Verr. 2, 1, 48; and:

non minorem aratorum quam populi rationem,

Suet. Aug. 42 fin.:

salutis meae rationem,

Cic. Fam. 7, 3:

rationem officii, non commodi,

id. Sest. 10, 23; cf. id. Rosc. Am. 44, 128:

unius cujusque temporis ducta ratio est,

id. Div. in Caecil. 4, 16:

rationem officii atque existimationis,

id. Quint. 16, 53.—

In gen., to reckon, consider, hold, account, esteem as any thing (cf. aestimo and existimo;

very freq. in prose and poetry): parvi id ducebat,

Cic. Fin. 2, 8, 24:

pro nihilo aliquid,

Plaut. Pers. 4, 4, 85; Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 16 fin.; id. Tusc. 5, 32, 90; cf. Auct. Her. 4, 20, 28:

ea pro falsis ducit,

Sall. C. 3, 2; cf.:

innocentiam pro malevolentia,

id. ib. 12, 1:

vos eritis judices, Laudin' an vitio duci id factum oportuit,

Ter. Ad. prol. 5; so,

aliquid honori,

Sall. J. 11, 3:

aliquid laudi, Nep. praef. § 4: aliquem despicatui,

Cic. Fl. 27, 65: nihil praeter virtutem in bonis ducere (for which, shortly after, in bonis habere = numerare), Cic. Fin. 3, 3;

aliquem in numero hostium,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 25 fin.; Caes. B. G. 6, 32, 1; cf. ib. 6, 23, 8; without in, ib. 6, 21, 2; cf.:

aliquem loco affinium,

Sall. J. 14, 1 Kritz. N. cr.: aliquid testimonii loco, Quint. 5, 9, 10:

tutelae nostrae duximus, cum Africo bello urgerentur,

Liv. 21, 41; cf.:

officii duxit exorare filiae patrem, etc.,

Suet. Tib. 11:

faceret, quod e republica fideque sua duceret,

id. ib. 25, 7 et saep.:

malum cum amici tuum ducis malum,

Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 48; cf.:

Archytas iracundiam seditionem quandam animi vere ducebat,

Cic. Rep. 1, 38:

eorum, quos idoneos ducebat, consilium habet,

Sall. J. 62, 4:

nil rectum nisi quod placuit sibi ducunt,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 83.— With acc. and inf.:

sic equidem ducebam animo rebarque futurum,

Verg. A. 6, 690:

ut omnia tua in te posita esse ducas humanosque casus virtute inferiores putes,

Cic. Lael. 2, 7, 19 fin.; id. Rep. 1, 2; 1, 17; 1, 38; 3, 9 (three times); Sall. J. 93, 5; Liv. 22, 14, 6; 22, 59, 5; Caes. B. G. 1, 3, 2; 4, 30, 2; 6, 18 et saep.—Here too probably belongs the much disputed passage: ludos et inania honoris medio rationis atque abundantiae duxit (= ludos publicos cum aliis rebus quae ad inania honoris pertinent, duxit, i. e. existimavit habendos et ponendos in medio rationis atque abundantiae, ut inter rationem, quae plane spernit inania, et abundantiam, quae eadem ostentat, media via incederet), he thought right to manage them in a middle course between reason and profusion, Tac. Agr. 6 fin., v. Dübner and Orell. ad h. l.

ex-ĕo, ĭi (rarely īvi, Gell. 12, 12, 3; Plaut. Rud. 2, 6, 50; perf. exit, for exiit, id. Ps. 2, 4, 40; Verg. A. 2, 497), ĭtum, īre ( fut. [p. 683] exibo, but exies, exiet, Sen. Ep. 113, 20; id. Apocol. 3, 1 al.;

exiet for exibit,

Tert. adv. Jud. 13; Vulg. Matt. 2, 6; 5, 26 al.; perh. also in Hor. C. 4, 4, 65; acc. to some MSS. al. evenit; v. Orell. ad h. l.), v. n. and a.

Neutr., to go out or forth, to go away, depart.

Lit.

In gen.:

dum intro eo atque exeo,

Plaut. Ep. 5, 1, 43:

jam ad te exeo,

id. Bacch. 4, 6, 24; 4, 9, 129:

foras,

id. Cas. 5, 2, 51; cf. id. Rud. 2, 2, 2:

ex urbe,

id. Am. 1, 3, 35:

ex urbe, oppido,

Cic. Fam. 4, 1, 2; Caes. B. G. 2, 33, 1:

e patria,

Cic. Pis. 14, 33:

e finibus suis,

Caes. B. G. 1, 5, 1:

clam ex castris,

id. ib. 7, 20, 10:

ab aliquo,

from one's house, Ter. Eun. 3, 4, 7 (v. ab, I. a.):

ab urbe,

away from, Liv. 10, 37, 6 Weissenb. ad loc.; 21, 13, 7; 23, 18, 14;

al. a villa sua,

Quint. 6, 3, 49:

de triclinio, de cubiculo,

Cic. de Or. 2, 65, 263:

de balneis,

id. de Or. 2, 55, 223:

de navi,

id. Att. 2, 7, 4:

(cornix) a cauda de ovo,

tail first, Plin. 10, 16, 18, § 38:

portā,

Plaut. Mil. 5, 39:

domo,

Cic. Rep. 1, 12; cf.:

erant omnino itinera duo, quibus itineribus domo exire possent,

i. e. withdraw from, leave their country, Caes. B. G. 1, 6, 1; so,

domo,

id. ib. 1, 12, 5;

1, 29, 1: castris,

id. B. C. 1, 69, 3:

in solitudinem,

to withdraw, Cic. Off. 1, 32, 118:

in alias domos tamquam in colonias,

id. ib. 1, 17, 54:

in provinciam,

Caes. B. G. 1, 33, 4:

in terram,

i. e. to land, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 51, § 433:

in luminis oras,

i. e. to be born, Lucr. 1, 170:

ad aliquem,

i. e. to go from home to visit a person, Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 6 et saep.—Prov.:

exeat aulā, qui vult esse pius,

Luc. 8, 493.— Poet., with inf.:

exierant dare veris opes,

Stat. Ach. 1, 288.—Of inanim. or abstr. subjects:

cum de consularibus mea prima sors exisset,

Cic. Att. 1, 19, 3; so,

sors,

Hor. C. 2, 3, 27; cf.:

cujus nomen exisset,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 51, § 127:

nummi, qui per simulationem ab isto exierant,

id. ib. 2, 2, 25, §

61: per septem portus in maris exit aquas (Nilus),

flows out, empties, Ov. Am. 2, 13, 10:

septem aquis (Ister),

Val. Fl. 8, 187:

populo albae folia vetustiora in angulos exeunt,

terminate, Plin. 16, 23, 35, § 86:

color in florem heliotropii,

id. 37, 6, 22, § 83; cf.:

masculina nomina in A atque S litteras,

to end, terminate, Quint. 1, 5, 61.— Pass. impers.:

uti inde exiri possit,

Cato, R. R. 1, 2:

crepuit ostium: exitur foras,

Plaut. Cas. 4, 3, 15:

in Velabro, qua in Novam viam exitur,

Varr. L. L. 6, § 24 Müll.—

In partic.

In milit. lang., to move out, march out:

milites, qui de tertia vigilia exissent,

Caes. B. C. 1, 64 fin.:

ut paludati (praetores) exeant,

depart for the battle-field, id. ib. 1, 6, 6:

ad pugnam,

Liv. 44, 39, 2; Verg. G. 4, 67:

ex Italia ad bellum civile,

Cic. Fam. 2, 16, 3 et saep.— Pass. impers.:

non posse clam exiri,

Caes. B. C. 1, 67, 2:

postquam exitum est maximā copiā,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 64.—

In jurid. Lat.: potestate, de or a potestate alicujus, to get out of any one's power (potestas), to be emancipated, become free, Dig. 37, 4, 1, § 6; 62; 28, 6, 3 et saep. (cf. B. 1. infra).—

De vita, to depart from life, decease, die (for the usual excedere or decedere de vita):

quem (me) fuerat aequius ut prius introieram, sic prius exire de vita,

Cic. Cael. 4, 15; so,

de vita,

Plin. Ep. 3, 9, 5; cf.:

e vita tamquam e theatro,

Cic. Fin. 1, 15, 49:

vitā exire,

Val. Max. 9, 12, ext. 1.—

To go out or forth in any manner, to issue, escape (very rare):

cujus (Isocratis) e ludo tamquam ex equo Trojano meri principes exierunt,

Cic. de Or. 2, 22, 94:

hanc tamen Antonius fugam suam, quia vivus exierat, victoriam vocabat,

Vell. 2, 82, 3.—Of inanimate subjects:

currente rota cur urceus exit?

Hor. A. P. 22: libri quidem ita exierunt, ut, etc., turned out (the figure being borrowed from works of art which are cast and turned out of the mould), Cic. Att. 13, 13, 1.—

Of plants, to come up, spring forth, sprout out:

plerumque e terra exit hordeum diebus VII.,

Varr. R. R. 1, 45, 1:

ne semina in frugem exeant e terra,

Plin. 11, 30, 36, § 109:

folia a radice,

id. 25, 4, 9, § 28:

lupinus agro limoso,

Col. 2, 10, 3:

fabae in folia,

Plin. 18, 7, 10, § 57; and absol.:

ut vix ulla herba exeat,

Col. 2, 11, 3; so,

lens sata (with grandescere),

Pall. Febr. 4;

and, messis,

Val. Fl. 7, 549.—

To mount upwards, ascend, rise ( poet. and postAug. prose):

in auras (ignis),

Lucr. 6, 886:

ad caelum (arbor),

Verg. G. 2, 81:

in altitudinem (comae palmarum),

Plin. 13, 4, 8, § 37.—

Trop.

In gen.:

exisse ex potestate dicimus eos, qui effrenati feruntur aut libidine aut iracundia, etc.... Qui igitur exisse ex potestate dicuntur, idcirco dicuntur, quia non sunt in potestate mentis,

Cic. Tusc. 3, 5, 11; cf.:

itaque iratos proprie dicimus exisse de potestate, id est de consilio, de ratione, de mente,

id. ib. 4, 36, 77;

for which: a se,

Petr. 90: ex hac aerumna, Lucil. ap. Non. 296, 16; cf.:

exire aere alieno,

Cic. Phil. 11, 6, 13 (dub. al. se exserere):

quam nihil non consideratum exibat ex ore!

id. Brut. 76, 265; id. de Or. 2, 22 fin.:

nequaquam similiter oratio mea exire atque in vulgus emanare poterit,

id. Rosc. Am. 1, 3; Plin. Pan. 75, 3:

ea res prodita est et in vulgus exivit,

Gell. 12, 12, 3; cf. with object-clause:

exiit opinio, descensurum eum ad Olympia inter athletas,

Suet. Ner. 53; for which also with a subject-clause:

quod ante paucos dies exierat in vulgus, laudanti cuidam formam suam, respondisse eum, etc.,

id. Galb. 20:

ob hoc exivit proverbium, etc.,

became current, Vulg. Gen. 10, 9.—

In partic.

Of time, to run out, end, expire:

quinto anno exeunte,

Cic. Div. 1, 25, 53:

indutiarum dies exierat,

Liv. 4, 30, 14; 30, 25, 1; 42, 47, 10:

dies censurae, stipendii,

id. 9, 34, 22; 22, 33, 5:

nullus mihi per otium dies exit,

Sen. Ep. 8; Plin. Pan. 68, 2 et saep.—

To extend beyond a certain measure or limit (mostly post-Aug.):

extra aliquid,

Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 25:

vestra vita, licet supra mille annos exeat,

run out, extend, Sen. Brev. Vit. 6:

probationes in tertium diem exierunt,

Plin. Ep. 2, 11, 18:

digressus in laudes Castoris ac Pollucis exierat,

Quint. 11, 2, 11; cf.:

continuus (translationis usus) in allegorias et aenigmata exit,

id. 8, 6, 14:

in longum exierit ordo rerum,

id. 4, 2, 51.—

To pass away, perish:

opus laudabile, numquam a memoria hominum exiturum,

Sen. Ben. 3, 38; so with a subjectclause:

an jam memoriā exisse, neminem ex plebe tribunum militum creatum esse?

Liv. 6, 37, 5.—

Act. ( poet. and in postAug. prose), to go or pass beyond a thing.

Lit.

In gen.:

limen,

Ter. Hec. 3, 3, 18:

Avernas valles,

Ov. M. 10, 52:

flumen,

Val. Fl. 4, 698:

quantum diurni itineris miliariorum numero in reda possit exiri,

Vitr. 10, 9, 3:

donec minor filius lubricum juventae exiret,

Tac. A. 6, 49 (55) fin. —

Pregn., to avoid, evade, ward off:

corpore tela atque oculis vigilantibus exit,

avoids the blows, Verg. A. 5, 438; cf.:

feros exibant dentis adactus (jumenta),

Lucr. 5, 1330; Stat. Th. 6, 802:

procul absiliebat, ut acrem exiret odorem,

Lucr. 6, 1217:

profluvium sanguinis,

id. 6, 1206:

vim viribus,

Verg. A. 11, 750 et saep.—

Trop.

To exceed:

modum,

Ov. M. 9, 632.—

Of time: ad exitam aetatem = ad ultimam aetatem, Paul. ex Fest. p. 28, 5 Müll.

fallo, fĕfelli, falsum, 3 (archaic inf. praes. pass. fallier, Pers. 3, 50; perf. pass. fefellitus sum, Petr. Fragm. 61, MSS.), v. a. [Sanscr. sphal, sphul, to waver; Gr. sphallô, a-sphalês], to deceive, trick, dupe, cheat, disappoint (freq. and class.; syn.: decipio, impono, frustror, circumvenio, emungo, fraudo).

In gen.

Of living objects:

T. Roscius non unum rei pecuniariae socium fefellit, verum novem homines honestissimos ejusdem muneris, etc.... induxit, decepit, destituit, omni fraude et perfidia fefellit,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 40, 116 sq.; so,

aliquem dolis,

Ter. And. 3, 2, 13; cf. id. Heaut. 3, 1, 61:

senem,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 43:

referam gratiam, atque eas itidem fallam, ut ab illis fallimur,

Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 93: tu illum fructu fallas, Poët. ap. Cic. N. D. 3, 29, 73:

id ipsum sui fallendi causa milites ab hostibus factum existimabant,

Caes. B. G. 7, 50, 2:

tum laqueis captare feras et fallere visco Inventum,

Verg. G. 1, 139; cf. Ov. M. 15, 474:

is enim sum, nisi me forte fallo, qui, etc.,

Cic. Phil. 12, 8, 21:

num me fefellit, Catilina, non modo res tanta, verum dies?

id. Cat. 1, 3, 7:

nisi me fallit animus,

id. Rosc. Am. 17, 48; cf.:

neque eum prima opinio fefellit,

Caes. B. C. 3, 67, 3:

ne spes eum fallat,

Cic. Fam. 1, 3; Caes. B. G. 2, 10, 4:

si in hominibus eligendis spes amicitiae nos fefellerit,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 11, § 28:

in quo cum eum opinio fefellisset,

Nep. Ages. 3, 5:

nisi forte me animus fallit,

Sall. C. 20, 17:

nisi memoria me fallit,

fails me, Gell. 20, p. 285 Bip.:

nisi me omnia fallunt,

Cic. Att. 8, 7, 1; cf.:

omnia me fallunt, nisi, etc.,

Sen. Ep. 95 med.:

nisi quid me fallit,

Cic. Fam. 5, 20, 6; cf.:

si quid nunc me fallit in scribendo,

id. ib. 3, 5, 4:

dominum sterilis saepe fefellit ager,

Ov. A. A. 1, 450:

certe hercle hic se ipsus fallit, non ego,

Ter. And. 3, 2, 15:

tam libenter se fallunt, quam si una fata decipiunt,

Sen. Brev. Vit. 11, 1:

cum alios falleret, se ipsum tamen non fefellit,

Lact. 1, 22, 5.— Pass. in mid. force, to deceive one's self, be deceived, to err, be mistaken:

errore quodam fallimur in disputando,

Cic. Rep. 3, 35:

qua (spe) possumus falli: deus falli qui potuit?

id. N. D. 3, 31, 76:

memoriā falli,

Plin. 10, 42, 59, § 118:

jamque dies, nisi fallor, adest,

Verg. A. 5, 49; Cic. Att. 4, 17, 1; 16, 6, 2:

ni fallor,

Ov. F. 4, 623; Lact. 2, 19, 1; cf.:

ordinis haec virtus erit et venus, aut ego fallor,

Hor. A. P. 42.—With object-clause:

dicere non fallar, quo, etc.,

Luc. 7, 288:

quamquam haut falsa sum, nos odiosas haberi,

Plaut. Aul. 2, 1, 4; cf.:

id quam facile sit mihi, haud sum falsus,

id. Men. 5, 2, 3; Ter. And. 4, 1, 23; Sall. J. 85, 20:

neque ea res falsum me habuit,

did not deceive me, id. ib. 10, 1:

ut falsus animi est!

Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 43.—

Of inanim. or abstr. objects:

promissum,

not to fulfil, Curt. 7, 10, 9:

fidem hosti datam fallere,

to violate, break, betray, deceive, Cic. Off. 1, 13, 39:

quodsi meam spem vis improborum fefellerit atque superaverit,

id. Cat. 4, 11, 23; cf. id. de Or. 1, 1, 2:

non fallam opinionem tuam,

id. Fam. 1, 6 fin.; cf. Caes. B. C. 3, 86 fin.:

imperium,

to fail to execute, Plin. 7, 37, 38, § 125:

cum lubrica saxa vestigium fallerent,

betrayed, Curt. 4, 9.— Poet.:

tu faciem illius Falle dolo,

imitate deceptively, assume, Verg. A. 1, 684:

sua terga nocturno lupo,

i. e. to hide, conceal, Prop. 4, 5, 14:

casses, retia,

to shun, avoid, Ov. H. 20, 45; 190. —

Absol.: neque quo pacto fallam... Scio quicquam, Caecil. ap. Cic. N. D. 3, 29 fin.:

cum maxime fallunt, id agunt, ut viri boni esse videantur,

Cic. Off. 1, 13, 41:

ea (divinatio) fallit fortasse nonnumquam,

id. Div. 1, 14, 25:

non in sortitione fallere,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 53, § 132:

in ea re,

Nep. Them. 7, 2; Cels. 7, 26, 2: ne falleret bis relata eadem res, Liv. 29, 35, 2:

ut, si quid possent, de induciis fallendo impetrarent,

Caes. B. G. 4, 13, 5:

germinat et numquam fallentis termes olivae,

Hor. Epod. 16, 45:

plerumque sufflati atque tumidi (oratores) fallunt pro uberibus,

Gell. 7, 14, 5.—

Impers.: fallit (me) I deceive myself, I mistake, am mistaken:

sed nos, nisi me fallit, jacebimus,

Cic. Att. 14, 12, 2; cf.:

nisi me propter benevolentiam forte fallebat,

id. Cael. 19, 45; id. Sest. 50, 106:

nec eum fefellit,

id. Off. 2, 7, 25:

vide, ne te fallat,

Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 25. And cf. under II. B. 2.

In partic.

To deceive in swearing, to swear falsely:

is jurare cum coepisset, vox eum defecit in illo loco: SI SCIENS FALLO,

Cic. Fam. 7, 1, 2; cf.:

lapidem silicem tenebant juraturi per Jovem haec verba dicentes: SI SCIENS FALLO, TVM ME DISPITER, etc., Paul. ex Fest. s. v. lapidem, p. 115 Müll.: si sciens fefellisset,

Plin. Pan. 64, 3; cf. Liv. 21, 45, 8; Prop. 4, 7, 53:

expedit matris cineres opertos Fallere,

i. e. to swear falsely by the ashes of your mother, Hor. C. 2, 8, 10.—

With respect to one's knowledge or sight, for the more usual latēre: to lie concealed from, to escape the notice, elude the observation of a person (so in Cic., Sall., and Caes. for the most part only impers., v. 2. infra).

With acc.:

neque enim hoc te, Crasse, fallit, quam multa sint et quam varia genera dicendi,

Cic. de Or. 1, 60, 255:

tanto silentio in summum evasere, ut non custodes solum fallerent, sed, etc.,

Liv. 5, 47, 3:

nec fefellit veniens ducem,

id. 2, 19, 7; Curt. 7, 6, 4; cf.:

quin et Atridas duce te (Mercurio)... Priamus... Thessalosque ignes et iniqua Trojae Castra fefellit,

Hor. C. 1, 10, 16:

quos fallere et effugere est triumphus,

id. ib. 4, 4, 52:

Spartacum si qua potuit vagantem Fallere testa,

id. ib. 3, 14, 20; Suet. Caes. 43:

nec te Pythagorae fallant arcana,

Hor. Epod. 15, 21; id. Ep. 1, 6, 45:

nec quicquam eos, quae terra marique agerentur, fallebat,

Liv. 41, 2, 1 Drak.:

ut plebem tribunosque falleret judicii rescindendi consilium initum,

id. 4, 11, 4:

tanta celeritate, ut visum fallant,

Plin. 9, 50, 74, § 157:

oculos littera fallit,

cannot be distinctly read, Ov. A. A. 3, 627.— With acc. and inf.:

neutros fefellit hostes appropinquare,

Liv. 31, 33, 8 Weissenb. ad loc.—Mid. with gen.:

nec satis exaudiebam, nec sermonis fallebar tamen,

Plaut. Ep. 2, 2, 55.—

Absol., to escape notice, be unseen, remain undiscovered:

speculator Carthaginiensium, qui per biennium fefellerat, Romae deprehensus,

Liv. 22, 33, 1; 25, 9, 2:

spes fallendi, resistendive, si non falleret,

of remaining unnoticed, id. 21, 57, 5:

non fefellere ad Tifernum hostes instructi,

id. 10, 14, 6.—So with part. perf., Liv. 42, 64, 3; 23, 19, 11.—With part. pres.: ne alio itinere hostis falleret ad urbem incedens, i. e. arrive secretly, lanthanoi prosiôn, Liv. 8, 20, 5; cf. id. 5, 47, 9; Verg. A. 7, 350:

nec vixit male, qui natus moriensque fefellit,

i. e. has remained unnoticed, Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 10:

fallere pro aliquo,

to pass for, Gell. 7, 14:

bonus longe fallente sagitta,

Verg. A. 9, 572.—

Impers.: fallit (me), it is concealed from me, unknown to me, I do not know, am ignorant of (for the most part only with negatives or in negative interrogations), constr. with subject-clause:

non me fefellit: sensi,

Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 64:

num me fefellit, hosce id struere?

Ter. Heaut. 3, 2, 3; cf.:

in lege nulla esse ejusmodi capita, te non fallit,

Cic. Att. 3, 23, 4:

nec me animi fallit, etc.,

Lucr. 1, 136; 5, 97:

quem fallit?

who does not know? Plin. 2, 103, 106, § 233:

neque vero Caesarem fefellit, quin, etc.,

Caes. B C. 3, 94, 3.—

To cause any thing (space, time, etc.) not to be observed or felt, to lighten any thing difficult, or to appease, silence any thing disagreeable, to beguile ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

medias fallunt sermonibus horas Sentirique moram prohibent,

Ov. M. 8, 652:

jam somno fallere curam,

Hor. S. 2, 7, 114:

Fallebat curas aegraque corda labor,

Ov. Tr. 3, 2, 16; cf.

dolores,

id. ib. 5, 7, 39:

luctum,

Val. Fl. 3, 319:

molliter austerum studio fallente laborem,

Hor. S. 2, 2, 12; Ov. M. 6, 60; Plin. 27, 7, 28, § 49.—Prov.:

fallere credentem non est operosa puellam Gloria,

Ov. H. 2, 63.—Hence, falsus, a, um, P. a., deceptive, pretended, feigned, deceitful, spurious, false (syn.: adulterinus, subditus, subditicius, spurius).

[p. 722] Adj.:

testes aut casu veri aut malitia falsi fictique esse possunt,

Cic. Div. 2, 11, 27; cf.:

falsum est id totum, neque solum fictum, sed etiam imperite absurdeque fictum,

id. Rep. 2, 15:

ementita et falsa plenaque erroris,

id. N. D. 2, 21, 55:

pro re certa spem falsam domum retulerunt,

id. Rosc. Am. 38, 110; cf.:

spe falsa atque fallaci,

id. Phil. 12, 2, 7; so,

spes,

id. Sull. 82, 91:

falsa et mendacia visa,

id. Div. 2, 62, 127; cf.:

falsa et inania visa,

id. ib.:

falsum et imitatione simulatum,

id. de Or. 2, 45, 189; cf. id. Phil. 11, 2, 5:

argumentum,

id. Inv. 1, 48, 90:

qui falsas lites falsis testimoniis Petunt,

Plaut. Rud. prol. 13:

reperiuntur falsi falsimoniis,

id. Bacch. 3, 6, 12:

ambitio multos mortales falsos fieri subegit,

Sall. C. 10, 5 Kritz.:

pater (opp. verus),

a supposed father, Ov. M. 9, 24; cf. id. ib. 1, 754:

falsi ac festinantes,

Tac. A. 1, 7: suspectio, Enn. ap. Non. 511, 5:

nuntius,

Cic. de Or. 1, 38, 175:

rumores,

Caes. B. G. 6, 20, 2:

poena falsarum et corruptarum litterarum,

Cic. Fl. 17, 39; cf.:

falsas esse litteras et a scriba vitiatas,

Liv. 40, 55, 1:

falsarum tabularum rei,

Suet. Aug. 19:

fama,

Cic. Lael. 4, 15:

appellatio,

Quint. 7, 3, 5:

sententiae,

id. 8, 5, 7:

crimina,

Hor. C. 3, 7, 14;

terrores,

id. Ep. 2, 1, 212:

opprobria,

i. e. undeserved, id. ib. 1, 16, 38; cf.

honor,

id. ib. 39: falsi Simoëntis ad undam, i. e. fictitious (simulati), Verg. A. 3, 302; cf.:

falsi sequimur vestigia tauri (i. e. Jovis),

Val. Fl. 8, 265:

vultu simulans Haliagmona,

Stat. Th. 7, 739:

ita ceteros terruere, ut adesse omnem exercitum trepidi ac falsi nuntiarent,

Tac. H. 2, 17:

ne illi falsi sunt qui divorsissumas res pariter expectant,

deceived, mistaken, Sall. J. 85, 20; cf.:

falsus utinam vates sim,

Liv. 21, 10, 10; so,

vates,

id. 4, 46, 5.— Comp. (rare):

quanto est abjectior et falsior ista (theologia),

Aug. Civ. D. 7, 5 fin.:

nihil est hominum inepta persuasione falsius,

Petr. 132; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 92, 11 Müll.— Sup.:

id autem falsissimum est,

Col. 1, 6, 17.—

With gen.:

Felix appellatur Arabia, falsi et ingrati cognominis,

Plin. 12, 18, 41, § 82.—

False, counterfeit, spurious, = adulterinus (late Lat.): moneta, Cod. Th. 9, 21, 9.—

As subst.

falsus, i, m., a liar, deceiver:

Spurinnam ut falsum arguens,

a false prophet, Suet. Caes. 81 fin.; id. Tib. 14.—

falsum, i, n., falsehood, fraud:

ex falsis verum effici non potest,

Cic. Div. 2, 51, 106; cf.:

veris falsa remiscet,

Hor. A. P. 151:

vero distinguere falsum,

id. Ep. 1, 10, 29:

falsum scripseram,

Cic. Att. 7, 14, 2; Quint. 7, 2, 53:

ex illa causa falsi,

i. e. of fraud, Dig. 48, 10 (De lege Cornelia de falsis), 1;

v. the whole title: acclinis falsis animus,

Hor. S. 2, 2, 6:

nec obstitit falsis Tiberius,

Tac. A. 2, 82:

simulationum falsa,

id. ib. 6, 46 et saep.—Adverb.:

telisque non in falsum jactis,

i. e. not at random, with effect, Tac. A. 4, 50 fin.:

jurare falsum,

Ov. Am. 3, 3, 11.— Adv., untruly, erroneously, unfaithfully, wrongly, falsely; in two forms, falso and false.

falso:

eho mavis vituperari falso, quam vero extolli?

Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 21 sq.; cf. id. Trin. 1, 2, 173;

so opp. vero,

Curt. 5, 2, 2: ei rei dant operam, ut mihi falso maledicatur, Cato ap. Charis. p. 179 P.: falso criminare, Enn. ap. Non. 470, 16:

neque me perpetiar probri Falso insimulatam,

id. Am. 3, 2, 7; 21; cf.:

non possum quemquam insimulare falso,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 41, § 107:

falso memoriae proditum,

id. de Imp. Pomp. 14, 41:

cum Tarquinius... vivere falso diceretur,

id. Rep. 2, 21; cf.:

adesse ejus equites falso nuntiabantur,

Caes. B. C. 1, 14, 1:

cum utrumque falso fingerent,

Liv. 42, 2:

falso in me conferri,

Cic. Fam. 5, 5, 2: aliquem falso occidere, i. e. by mistake, Naev. ap. Charis. p. 179 P.; cf.:

ut miseri parentes quos falso lugent, vivere sciant,

Liv. 34, 32, 13; and:

falso lamentari eas Darium vivum,

Curt. 3, 12:

falso queritur de natura sua genus humanum,

Sall. J. 1:

falso plurima volgus amat,

Tib. 3, 3, 20 (so perh. also in Cic. Ac. 2, 46, 141, non assentiar saepe falso, instead of false).—Ellipt.: Da. Si quid narrare occepi, continuo dari tibi verba censes. Si. Falso, Ter. And. 3, 2, 24; cf.:

atqui in talibus rebus aliud utile interdum, aliud honestum videri solet. Falso: nam, etc.,

Cic. Off. 3, 18, 74; so Quint. 2, 17, 12; Nep. Alc. 9:

quia inter inpotentes et validos falso quiescas, = quia falluntur qui putant quiesci posse,

Tac. Germ. 36.—

false (very rare): judicium false factum, Sisenn. ap. Charis. p. 179; Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 78 Fleck. (Cic. Ac. 2, 46, 141 dub., B. and K., al. falso).— Sup.:

quae adversus haec falsissime disputantur,

Aug. Conf. 10, 13.

fallo, fĕfelli, falsum, 3 (archaic inf. praes. pass. fallier, Pers. 3, 50; perf. pass. fefellitus sum, Petr. Fragm. 61, MSS.), v. a. [Sanscr. sphal, sphul, to waver; Gr. sphallô, a-sphalês], to deceive, trick, dupe, cheat, disappoint (freq. and class.; syn.: decipio, impono, frustror, circumvenio, emungo, fraudo).

In gen.

Of living objects:

T. Roscius non unum rei pecuniariae socium fefellit, verum novem homines honestissimos ejusdem muneris, etc.... induxit, decepit, destituit, omni fraude et perfidia fefellit,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 40, 116 sq.; so,

aliquem dolis,

Ter. And. 3, 2, 13; cf. id. Heaut. 3, 1, 61:

senem,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 43:

referam gratiam, atque eas itidem fallam, ut ab illis fallimur,

Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 93: tu illum fructu fallas, Poët. ap. Cic. N. D. 3, 29, 73:

id ipsum sui fallendi causa milites ab hostibus factum existimabant,

Caes. B. G. 7, 50, 2:

tum laqueis captare feras et fallere visco Inventum,

Verg. G. 1, 139; cf. Ov. M. 15, 474:

is enim sum, nisi me forte fallo, qui, etc.,

Cic. Phil. 12, 8, 21:

num me fefellit, Catilina, non modo res tanta, verum dies?

id. Cat. 1, 3, 7:

nisi me fallit animus,

id. Rosc. Am. 17, 48; cf.:

neque eum prima opinio fefellit,

Caes. B. C. 3, 67, 3:

ne spes eum fallat,

Cic. Fam. 1, 3; Caes. B. G. 2, 10, 4:

si in hominibus eligendis spes amicitiae nos fefellerit,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 11, § 28:

in quo cum eum opinio fefellisset,

Nep. Ages. 3, 5:

nisi forte me animus fallit,

Sall. C. 20, 17:

nisi memoria me fallit,

fails me, Gell. 20, p. 285 Bip.:

nisi me omnia fallunt,

Cic. Att. 8, 7, 1; cf.:

omnia me fallunt, nisi, etc.,

Sen. Ep. 95 med.:

nisi quid me fallit,

Cic. Fam. 5, 20, 6; cf.:

si quid nunc me fallit in scribendo,

id. ib. 3, 5, 4:

dominum sterilis saepe fefellit ager,

Ov. A. A. 1, 450:

certe hercle hic se ipsus fallit, non ego,

Ter. And. 3, 2, 15:

tam libenter se fallunt, quam si una fata decipiunt,

Sen. Brev. Vit. 11, 1:

cum alios falleret, se ipsum tamen non fefellit,

Lact. 1, 22, 5.— Pass. in mid. force, to deceive one's self, be deceived, to err, be mistaken:

errore quodam fallimur in disputando,

Cic. Rep. 3, 35:

qua (spe) possumus falli: deus falli qui potuit?

id. N. D. 3, 31, 76:

memoriā falli,

Plin. 10, 42, 59, § 118:

jamque dies, nisi fallor, adest,

Verg. A. 5, 49; Cic. Att. 4, 17, 1; 16, 6, 2:

ni fallor,

Ov. F. 4, 623; Lact. 2, 19, 1; cf.:

ordinis haec virtus erit et venus, aut ego fallor,

Hor. A. P. 42.—With object-clause:

dicere non fallar, quo, etc.,

Luc. 7, 288:

quamquam haut falsa sum, nos odiosas haberi,

Plaut. Aul. 2, 1, 4; cf.:

id quam facile sit mihi, haud sum falsus,

id. Men. 5, 2, 3; Ter. And. 4, 1, 23; Sall. J. 85, 20:

neque ea res falsum me habuit,

did not deceive me, id. ib. 10, 1:

ut falsus animi est!

Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 43.—

Of inanim. or abstr. objects:

promissum,

not to fulfil, Curt. 7, 10, 9:

fidem hosti datam fallere,

to violate, break, betray, deceive, Cic. Off. 1, 13, 39:

quodsi meam spem vis improborum fefellerit atque superaverit,

id. Cat. 4, 11, 23; cf. id. de Or. 1, 1, 2:

non fallam opinionem tuam,

id. Fam. 1, 6 fin.; cf. Caes. B. C. 3, 86 fin.:

imperium,

to fail to execute, Plin. 7, 37, 38, § 125:

cum lubrica saxa vestigium fallerent,

betrayed, Curt. 4, 9.— Poet.:

tu faciem illius Falle dolo,

imitate deceptively, assume, Verg. A. 1, 684:

sua terga nocturno lupo,

i. e. to hide, conceal, Prop. 4, 5, 14:

casses, retia,

to shun, avoid, Ov. H. 20, 45; 190. —

Absol.: neque quo pacto fallam... Scio quicquam, Caecil. ap. Cic. N. D. 3, 29 fin.:

cum maxime fallunt, id agunt, ut viri boni esse videantur,

Cic. Off. 1, 13, 41:

ea (divinatio) fallit fortasse nonnumquam,

id. Div. 1, 14, 25:

non in sortitione fallere,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 53, § 132:

in ea re,

Nep. Them. 7, 2; Cels. 7, 26, 2: ne falleret bis relata eadem res, Liv. 29, 35, 2:

ut, si quid possent, de induciis fallendo impetrarent,

Caes. B. G. 4, 13, 5:

germinat et numquam fallentis termes olivae,

Hor. Epod. 16, 45:

plerumque sufflati atque tumidi (oratores) fallunt pro uberibus,

Gell. 7, 14, 5.—

Impers.: fallit (me) I deceive myself, I mistake, am mistaken:

sed nos, nisi me fallit, jacebimus,

Cic. Att. 14, 12, 2; cf.:

nisi me propter benevolentiam forte fallebat,

id. Cael. 19, 45; id. Sest. 50, 106:

nec eum fefellit,

id. Off. 2, 7, 25:

vide, ne te fallat,

Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 25. And cf. under II. B. 2.

In partic.

To deceive in swearing, to swear falsely:

is jurare cum coepisset, vox eum defecit in illo loco: SI SCIENS FALLO,

Cic. Fam. 7, 1, 2; cf.:

lapidem silicem tenebant juraturi per Jovem haec verba dicentes: SI SCIENS FALLO, TVM ME DISPITER, etc., Paul. ex Fest. s. v. lapidem, p. 115 Müll.: si sciens fefellisset,

Plin. Pan. 64, 3; cf. Liv. 21, 45, 8; Prop. 4, 7, 53:

expedit matris cineres opertos Fallere,

i. e. to swear falsely by the ashes of your mother, Hor. C. 2, 8, 10.—

With respect to one's knowledge or sight, for the more usual latēre: to lie concealed from, to escape the notice, elude the observation of a person (so in Cic., Sall., and Caes. for the most part only impers., v. 2. infra).

With acc.:

neque enim hoc te, Crasse, fallit, quam multa sint et quam varia genera dicendi,

Cic. de Or. 1, 60, 255:

tanto silentio in summum evasere, ut non custodes solum fallerent, sed, etc.,

Liv. 5, 47, 3:

nec fefellit veniens ducem,

id. 2, 19, 7; Curt. 7, 6, 4; cf.:

quin et Atridas duce te (Mercurio)... Priamus... Thessalosque ignes et iniqua Trojae Castra fefellit,

Hor. C. 1, 10, 16:

quos fallere et effugere est triumphus,

id. ib. 4, 4, 52:

Spartacum si qua potuit vagantem Fallere testa,

id. ib. 3, 14, 20; Suet. Caes. 43:

nec te Pythagorae fallant arcana,

Hor. Epod. 15, 21; id. Ep. 1, 6, 45:

nec quicquam eos, quae terra marique agerentur, fallebat,

Liv. 41, 2, 1 Drak.:

ut plebem tribunosque falleret judicii rescindendi consilium initum,

id. 4, 11, 4:

tanta celeritate, ut visum fallant,

Plin. 9, 50, 74, § 157:

oculos littera fallit,

cannot be distinctly read, Ov. A. A. 3, 627.— With acc. and inf.:

neutros fefellit hostes appropinquare,

Liv. 31, 33, 8 Weissenb. ad loc.—Mid. with gen.:

nec satis exaudiebam, nec sermonis fallebar tamen,

Plaut. Ep. 2, 2, 55.—

Absol., to escape notice, be unseen, remain undiscovered:

speculator Carthaginiensium, qui per biennium fefellerat, Romae deprehensus,

Liv. 22, 33, 1; 25, 9, 2:

spes fallendi, resistendive, si non falleret,

of remaining unnoticed, id. 21, 57, 5:

non fefellere ad Tifernum hostes instructi,

id. 10, 14, 6.—So with part. perf., Liv. 42, 64, 3; 23, 19, 11.—With part. pres.: ne alio itinere hostis falleret ad urbem incedens, i. e. arrive secretly, lanthanoi prosiôn, Liv. 8, 20, 5; cf. id. 5, 47, 9; Verg. A. 7, 350:

nec vixit male, qui natus moriensque fefellit,

i. e. has remained unnoticed, Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 10:

fallere pro aliquo,

to pass for, Gell. 7, 14:

bonus longe fallente sagitta,

Verg. A. 9, 572.—

Impers.: fallit (me), it is concealed from me, unknown to me, I do not know, am ignorant of (for the most part only with negatives or in negative interrogations), constr. with subject-clause:

non me fefellit: sensi,

Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 64:

num me fefellit, hosce id struere?

Ter. Heaut. 3, 2, 3; cf.:

in lege nulla esse ejusmodi capita, te non fallit,

Cic. Att. 3, 23, 4:

nec me animi fallit, etc.,

Lucr. 1, 136; 5, 97:

quem fallit?

who does not know? Plin. 2, 103, 106, § 233:

neque vero Caesarem fefellit, quin, etc.,

Caes. B C. 3, 94, 3.—

To cause any thing (space, time, etc.) not to be observed or felt, to lighten any thing difficult, or to appease, silence any thing disagreeable, to beguile ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

medias fallunt sermonibus horas Sentirique moram prohibent,

Ov. M. 8, 652:

jam somno fallere curam,

Hor. S. 2, 7, 114:

Fallebat curas aegraque corda labor,

Ov. Tr. 3, 2, 16; cf.

dolores,

id. ib. 5, 7, 39:

luctum,

Val. Fl. 3, 319:

molliter austerum studio fallente laborem,

Hor. S. 2, 2, 12; Ov. M. 6, 60; Plin. 27, 7, 28, § 49.—Prov.:

fallere credentem non est operosa puellam Gloria,

Ov. H. 2, 63.—Hence, falsus, a, um, P. a., deceptive, pretended, feigned, deceitful, spurious, false (syn.: adulterinus, subditus, subditicius, spurius).

[p. 722] Adj.:

testes aut casu veri aut malitia falsi fictique esse possunt,

Cic. Div. 2, 11, 27; cf.:

falsum est id totum, neque solum fictum, sed etiam imperite absurdeque fictum,

id. Rep. 2, 15:

ementita et falsa plenaque erroris,

id. N. D. 2, 21, 55:

pro re certa spem falsam domum retulerunt,

id. Rosc. Am. 38, 110; cf.:

spe falsa atque fallaci,

id. Phil. 12, 2, 7; so,

spes,

id. Sull. 82, 91:

falsa et mendacia visa,

id. Div. 2, 62, 127; cf.:

falsa et inania visa,

id. ib.:

falsum et imitatione simulatum,

id. de Or. 2, 45, 189; cf. id. Phil. 11, 2, 5:

argumentum,

id. Inv. 1, 48, 90:

qui falsas lites falsis testimoniis Petunt,

Plaut. Rud. prol. 13:

reperiuntur falsi falsimoniis,

id. Bacch. 3, 6, 12:

ambitio multos mortales falsos fieri subegit,

Sall. C. 10, 5 Kritz.:

pater (opp. verus),

a supposed father, Ov. M. 9, 24; cf. id. ib. 1, 754:

falsi ac festinantes,

Tac. A. 1, 7: suspectio, Enn. ap. Non. 511, 5:

nuntius,

Cic. de Or. 1, 38, 175:

rumores,

Caes. B. G. 6, 20, 2:

poena falsarum et corruptarum litterarum,

Cic. Fl. 17, 39; cf.:

falsas esse litteras et a scriba vitiatas,

Liv. 40, 55, 1:

falsarum tabularum rei,

Suet. Aug. 19:

fama,

Cic. Lael. 4, 15:

appellatio,

Quint. 7, 3, 5:

sententiae,

id. 8, 5, 7:

crimina,

Hor. C. 3, 7, 14;

terrores,

id. Ep. 2, 1, 212:

opprobria,

i. e. undeserved, id. ib. 1, 16, 38; cf.

honor,

id. ib. 39: falsi Simoëntis ad undam, i. e. fictitious (simulati), Verg. A. 3, 302; cf.:

falsi sequimur vestigia tauri (i. e. Jovis),

Val. Fl. 8, 265:

vultu simulans Haliagmona,

Stat. Th. 7, 739:

ita ceteros terruere, ut adesse omnem exercitum trepidi ac falsi nuntiarent,

Tac. H. 2, 17:

ne illi falsi sunt qui divorsissumas res pariter expectant,

deceived, mistaken, Sall. J. 85, 20; cf.:

falsus utinam vates sim,

Liv. 21, 10, 10; so,

vates,

id. 4, 46, 5.— Comp. (rare):

quanto est abjectior et falsior ista (theologia),

Aug. Civ. D. 7, 5 fin.:

nihil est hominum inepta persuasione falsius,

Petr. 132; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 92, 11 Müll.— Sup.:

id autem falsissimum est,

Col. 1, 6, 17.—

With gen.:

Felix appellatur Arabia, falsi et ingrati cognominis,

Plin. 12, 18, 41, § 82.—

False, counterfeit, spurious, = adulterinus (late Lat.): moneta, Cod. Th. 9, 21, 9.—

As subst.

falsus, i, m., a liar, deceiver:

Spurinnam ut falsum arguens,

a false prophet, Suet. Caes. 81 fin.; id. Tib. 14.—

falsum, i, n., falsehood, fraud:

ex falsis verum effici non potest,

Cic. Div. 2, 51, 106; cf.:

veris falsa remiscet,

Hor. A. P. 151:

vero distinguere falsum,

id. Ep. 1, 10, 29:

falsum scripseram,

Cic. Att. 7, 14, 2; Quint. 7, 2, 53:

ex illa causa falsi,

i. e. of fraud, Dig. 48, 10 (De lege Cornelia de falsis), 1;

v. the whole title: acclinis falsis animus,

Hor. S. 2, 2, 6:

nec obstitit falsis Tiberius,

Tac. A. 2, 82:

simulationum falsa,

id. ib. 6, 46 et saep.—Adverb.:

telisque non in falsum jactis,

i. e. not at random, with effect, Tac. A. 4, 50 fin.:

jurare falsum,

Ov. Am. 3, 3, 11.— Adv., untruly, erroneously, unfaithfully, wrongly, falsely; in two forms, falso and false.

falso:

eho mavis vituperari falso, quam vero extolli?

Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 21 sq.; cf. id. Trin. 1, 2, 173;

so opp. vero,

Curt. 5, 2, 2: ei rei dant operam, ut mihi falso maledicatur, Cato ap. Charis. p. 179 P.: falso criminare, Enn. ap. Non. 470, 16:

neque me perpetiar probri Falso insimulatam,

id. Am. 3, 2, 7; 21; cf.:

non possum quemquam insimulare falso,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 41, § 107:

falso memoriae proditum,

id. de Imp. Pomp. 14, 41:

cum Tarquinius... vivere falso diceretur,

id. Rep. 2, 21; cf.:

adesse ejus equites falso nuntiabantur,

Caes. B. C. 1, 14, 1:

cum utrumque falso fingerent,

Liv. 42, 2:

falso in me conferri,

Cic. Fam. 5, 5, 2: aliquem falso occidere, i. e. by mistake, Naev. ap. Charis. p. 179 P.; cf.:

ut miseri parentes quos falso lugent, vivere sciant,

Liv. 34, 32, 13; and:

falso lamentari eas Darium vivum,

Curt. 3, 12:

falso queritur de natura sua genus humanum,

Sall. J. 1:

falso plurima volgus amat,

Tib. 3, 3, 20 (so perh. also in Cic. Ac. 2, 46, 141, non assentiar saepe falso, instead of false).—Ellipt.: Da. Si quid narrare occepi, continuo dari tibi verba censes. Si. Falso, Ter. And. 3, 2, 24; cf.:

atqui in talibus rebus aliud utile interdum, aliud honestum videri solet. Falso: nam, etc.,

Cic. Off. 3, 18, 74; so Quint. 2, 17, 12; Nep. Alc. 9:

quia inter inpotentes et validos falso quiescas, = quia falluntur qui putant quiesci posse,

Tac. Germ. 36.—

false (very rare): judicium false factum, Sisenn. ap. Charis. p. 179; Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 78 Fleck. (Cic. Ac. 2, 46, 141 dub., B. and K., al. falso).— Sup.:

quae adversus haec falsissime disputantur,

Aug. Conf. 10, 13.

fĕro, tuli, latum, ferre (ante-class. redupl. form in the tempp. perff.:

tetuli,

Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 84; 168; id. Men. 4, 2, 25; 66; id. Rud. prol. 68: tetulisti, Att. and Caecil. ap. Non. 178, 17 sq.:

tetulit,

Plaut. Most. 2, 2, 40; id. Men. 2, 3, 30; Ter. And. 5, 1, 13:

tetulerunt,

Lucr. 6, § 672:

tetulissem,

Ter. And. 4, 5, 13:

tetulisse,

Plaut. Rud. 4, 1, 2:

tetulero,

id. Cist. 3, 19:

tetulerit,

id. Poen. 3, 1, 58; id. Rud. 4, 3, 101), v. a. and n. [a wide-spread root; Sanscr. bhar-, carry, bharas, burden; Gr. pherô; Goth. bar, bairo, bear, produce, whence barn, child; Anglo-Saxon beran, whence Engl. bear, birth; cf. Curt. Gr. Etym. p. 300; Fick, Vergl. Wort. p. 135. The perf. forms, tuli, etc., from the root tul-, tol-; Sanscr. tol-jami, lift, weigh; Gr. tlênai, endure, cf. talas, talanton; Lat. tollo, tolerare, (t)latus, etc. Cf. Goth. thulan, Germ. dulden, Geduld; Anglo-Sax. tholian, suffer. Supine latum, i. e. tlatum; cf. supra; v. Curt. Gr. Etym. p. 220; Corss. Ausspr. 2, 73], to bear, carry, bring. (For syn. cf.: gero, porto, bajulo, veho; effero, infero; tolero, patior, sino, permitto, etc.)

Lit.

In gen.:

ferri proprie dicimus, quae quis suo corpore bajulat, portari ea, quae quis in jumento secum ducit, agi ea, quae animalia sunt,

Dig. 50, 16, 235: oneris quidvis feret, Ter. Ph. 3, 3, 29:

quin te in fundo conspicer fodere aut arare aut aliquid ferre,

id. Heaut. 1, 1, 17:

numerus eorum, qui arma ferre possent,

Caes. B. G. 1, 29, 1:

arma et vallum,

Hor. Epod. 9, 13:

sacra Junonis,

id. S. 1, 3, 11:

cadaver nudis humeris (heres),

id. ib. 2, 5, 86:

argentum ad aliquem,

Plaut. As. 3, 3, 142; cf.:

symbolum filio,

id. Bacch. 2, 3, 30:

olera et pisciculos minutos ferre obolo in cenam seni,

Ter. And. 2, 2, 32; cf.:

vina et unguenta et flores,

Hor. C. 2, 3, 14:

discerpta ferentes Memora gruis,

id. S. 2, 8, 86; cf.:

talos, nucesque sinu laxo,

id. ib. 2, 3, 172:

in Capitolium faces,

Cic. Lael. 11, 37:

iste operta lectica latus per oppidum est ut mortuus,

id. Phil. 2, 41, 106:

lectica in Capitolium latus est,

Suet. Claud. 2:

circa judices latus (puer),

Quint. 6, 1, 47:

prae se ferens (in essedo) Darium puerum,

Suet. Calig. 19.— Poet. with inf.:

natum ad Stygios iterum fero mergere fontes,

Stat. Ach. 1, 134.—Prov.:

ferre aliquem in oculis, or simply oculis,

i. e. to hold dear, love exceedingly, Cic. Phil. 6, 4, 11; id. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 3, § 9; Q. Cic. Fam. 16, 27, 2.—

In partic.

With the idea of motion predominating, to set in motion, esp. to move onward quickly or rapidly, to bear, lead, conduct, or drive away; with se or mid. (so esp. freq.), to move or go swiftly, to haste, speed, betake one's self; and of things, to flow, mount, run down.

Act.:

ubi in rapidas amnis dispeximus undas: Stantis equi corpus transvorsum ferre videtur Vis, et in advorsum flumen contrudere raptim: Et, quocumque oculos trajecimus, omnia ferri Et fluere assimili nobis ratione videntur,

Lucr. 4, 422 sq.:

ubi cernimus alta Exhalare vapore altaria, ferreque fumum,

to send up, id. 3, 432; cf.:

vis ut vomat ignes, Ad caelumque ferat flammai fulgura rursum,

id. 1, 725; and:

caelo supinas si tuleris manus,

raisest, Hor. C. 3, 23, 1:

te rursus in bellum resorbens Unda fretis tulit aestuosis,

id. ib. 2, 7, 16; cf.:

ire, pedes quocumque ferent,

id. Epod. 16, 21; and:

me per Aegaeos tumultus Aura feret,

id. C. 3, 29, 64:

signa ferre,

to put the standards in motion, to break up, Caes. B. G. 1, 39 fin.; 1, 40, 12; Liv. 10, 5, 1 al.:

pol, si id scissem, numquam huc tetulissem pedem,

have stirred foot, have come, Ter. And. 4, 5, 13:

pedem,

Verg. A. 2, 756; Val. Fl. 7, 112:

gressum,

to walk, Lucr. 4, 681; cf.:

agiles gressus,

Sil. 3, 180:

vagos gradus,

Ov. M. 7, 185:

vestigia,

Sil. 9, 101:

vagos cursus,

id. 9, 243.— Absol.:

quo ventus ferebat,

bore, drove, Caes. B. G. 3, 15, 3:

interim, si feret flatus, danda sunt vela,

Quint. 10, 3, 7:

itinera duo, quae extra murum ad portum ferebant,

led, Caes. B. C. 1, 27, 4:

pergit ad speluncam, si forte eo vestigia ferrent,

Liv. 1, 7, 6.—Prov.:

in silvam ligna ferre,

to carry coals to Newcastle, Hor. S. 1, 10, 34.—

With se or mid., to move or go swiftly, to hasten, rush:

cum ipsa paene insula mihi sese obviam ferre vellet,

to meet, Cic. Planc. 40, 96; cf.:

non dubitaverim me gravissimis tempestatibus obvium ferre,

id. Rep. 1, 4:

hinc ferro accingor rursus... meque extra tecta ferebam,

Verg. A. 2, 672; 11, 779:

grassatorum plurimi palam se ferebant,

Suet. Aug. 32.—Of things as subjects:

ubi forte ita se tetulerunt semina aquarum,

i. e. have collected themselves, Lucr. 6, 672.—Mid.:

ad eum omni celeritate et studio incitatus ferebatur,

proceeded, Caes. B. C. 3, 78, 2:

alii aliam in partem perterriti ferebantur,

betook themselves, fled, id. B. G. 2, 24, 3:

(fera) supra venabula fertur,

rushes, springs, Verg. A. 9, 553:

huc juvenis nota fertur regione viarum,

proceeds, id. ib. 11, 530:

densos fertur moribundus in hostes,

rushes, id. ib. 2, 511:

quocumque feremur, danda vela sunt,

Cic. Or. 23, 75; cf.:

non alto semper feremur,

Quint. 12, 10, 37:

ego, utrum Nave ferar magna an parva, ferar unus et idem,

Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 200:

non tenui ferar Penna biformis per liquidum aethera Vates,

fly, id. C. 2, 20, 1.—Of inanimate subjects:

(corpuscula rerum) ubi tam volucri levitate ferantur,

move, Lucr. 4, 195; cf.:

quae cum mobiliter summa levitate feruntur,

id. 4, 745; cf.:

tellus neque movetur et infima est, et in eam feruntur omnia nutu suo pondera,

Cic. Rep. 6, 17 fin.:

Rhenus longo spatio per fines Nantuatium, etc.... citatus fertur,

flows, Caes. B. G. 4, 10, 3; cf. Hirt. B. [p. 738] G. 8, 40, 3:

ut (flamma) ad caelum usque ferretur,

ascended, arose, Suet. Aug. 94.—

Rarely ferre = se ferre: quem procul conspiciens ad se ferentem pertimescit,

Nep. Dat. 4 fin. —

To carry off, take away by force, as a robber, etc.: to plunder, spoil, ravage:

alii rapiunt incensa feruntque Pergama,

Verg. A. 2, 374:

postquam te (i. e. exstinctum Daphnin) fata tulerunt,

snatched away, id. E. 5, 34. So esp. in the phrase ferre et agere, of taking booty, plundering, where ferre applies to portable things, and agere to men and cattle; v. ago.—

To bear, produce, yield:

plurima tum tellus etiam majora ferebat, etc.,

Lucr. 5, 942 sq.; cf.:

quae autem terra fruges ferre, et, ut mater, cibos suppeditare possit,

Cic. Leg. 2, 27, 67:

quem (florem) ferunt terrae solutae,

Hor. C. 1, 4, 10:

quibus jugera fruges et Cererem ferunt,

id. ib. 3, 24, 13:

angulus iste feret piper et thus,

id. Ep. 1, 14, 23:

(olea) fructum ramis pluribus feret,

Quint. 8, 3, 10.— Absol.:

ferundo arbor peribit,

Cato, R. R. 6, 2.—

Of a woman or sheanimal, to bear offspring, be pregnant:

ignorans nurum ventrem ferre,

Liv. 1, 34, 3;

of animals: equa ventrem fert duodecim menses, vacca decem, ovis et capra quinque, sus quatuor,

Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 19; cf.:

cervi octonis mensibus ferunt partus,

Plin. 8, 32, 50, § 112:

nec te conceptam saeva leaena tulit,

Tib. 3, 4, 90.— Poet.:

quem tulerat mater claro Phoenissa Laconi,

i. e. had borne, Sil. 7, 666.—

To offer as an oblation:

liba et Mopsopio dulcia melle feram,

Tib. 1, 7, 54; so,

liba,

id. 1, 10, 23:

lancesque et liba Baccho,

Verg. G. 2, 394:

tura superis, altaribus,

Ov. M. 11, 577.—

To get, receive, acquire, obtain, as gain, a reward, a possession, etc.:

quod posces, feres,

Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 106; cf.: quodvis donum et praemium a me optato;

id optatum feres,

Ter. Eun. 5, 8, 27:

fructus ex sese (i. e. re publica) magna acerbitate permixtos tulissem,

Cic. Planc. 38, 92:

partem praedae,

id. Rosc. Am. 37, 107:

ille crucem pretium sceleris tulit, hic diadema,

Juv. 13, 105:

coram rege sua de paupertate tacentes Plus poscente ferent,

Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 44.

Trop.

In gen., to bear, carry, bring:

satis haec tellus morbi caelumque mali fert,

bears, contains, Lucr. 6, 663;

veterrima quaeque, ut ea vina, quae vetustatem ferunt, esse debent suavissima,

which carry age, are old, Cic. Lael. 19, 67:

scripta vetustatem si modo nostra ferent,

will have, will attain to, Ov. Tr. 5, 9, 8:

nomen alicujus,

to bear, have, Cic. Off. 3, 18, 74; cf.:

insani sapiens nomen ferat, aequus iniqui,

Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 15:

nomen,

Suet. Aug. 101; id. Calig. 47:

cognomen,

id. Aug. 43; id. Galb. 3; cf.:

ille finis Appio alienae personae ferendae fuit,

of bearing an assumed character, Liv. 3, 36, 1:

Archimimus personam ejus ferens,

personating, Suet. Vesp. 19; cf.

also: (Garyophyllon) fert et in spinis piperis similitudinem,

Plin. 12, 7, 15, § 30: fer mi auxilium, bring assistance, aid, help, Enn. ap. Cic. Ac. 2, 28, 29 (Trag. v. 50 ed. Vahl.); cf.:

alicui opem auxiliumque ferre,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 3, § 9:

auxilium alicui,

Plaut. Stich. 2, 2, 5; Ter. And. 1, 1, 115; Cic. Cat. 2, 9, 19; Caes. B. G. 1, 13, 5; 4, 12, 5; Hor. Epod. 1, 21 et saep.: opem, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 31, 66 (Trag. v. 86 ed. Vahl.):

opem alicui,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 3, 23; Ter. And. 3, 1, 15; id. Ad. 3, 4, 41; Cic. Rab. Perd. 1, 3 (with succurrere saluti); id. Fin. 2, 35, 118 (with salutem); id. Fam. 5, 4, 2:

subsidium alicui,

Caes. B. G. 2, 26, 2:

condicionem,

to proffer, id. ib. 4, 11, 3; cf. Cic. Rosc. Am. 11, 30:

Coriolanus ab sede sua cum ferret matri obviae complexum,

offered, Liv. 2, 40, 5:

si qua fidem tanto est operi latura vetustas,

will bring, procure, Verg. A. 10, 792:

ea vox audita laborum Prima tulit finem,

id. ib. 7, 118: suspicionem falsam, to entertain suspicion, Enn. ap. Non. 511, 5 (Trag. v. 348 ed. Vahl.).—

In partic.

(Acc. to I. B. 1.) To move, to bring, lead, conduct, drive, raise:

quem tulit ad scenam ventoso gloria curru,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 177; so,

animi quaedam ingenita natura... recta nos ad ea, quae conveniunt causae, ferant,

Quint. 5, 10, 123; cf. absol.:

nisi illud, quod eo, quo intendas, ferat deducatque, cognoris,

Cic. de Or. 1, 30, 135:

exstincti ad caelum gloria fertur,

Lucr. 6, 8; cf.:

laudibus aliquem in caelum ferre,

to extol, praise, Cic. Fam. 10, 26, 2; cf. id. Rep. 1, 43; Quint. 10, 1, 99; Suet. Otho, 12; id. Vesp. 6:

eam pugnam miris laudibus,

Liv. 7, 10, 14; cf.:

saepe rem dicendo subiciet oculis: saepe supra feret quam fieri possit,

wilt exalt, magnify, Cic. Or. 40, 139:

ferte sermonibus et multiplicate fama bella,

Liv. 4, 5, 6:

ferre in majus vero incertas res fama solet,

id. 21, 32, 7:

crudelitate et scelere ferri,

to be impelled, carried away, Cic. Clu. 70, 199:

praeceps amentia ferebare,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 46, § 121; cf.:

ferri avaritia,

id. Quint. 11, 38:

orator suo jam impetu fertur,

Quint. 12 praef. §

3: eloquentia, quae cursu magno sonituque ferretur,

Cic. Or. 28, 97; cf.:

(eloquentia) feratur non semitis sed campis,

Quint. 5, 14, 31:

oratio, quae ferri debet ac fluere,

id. 9, 4, 112; cf.:

quae (historia) currere debet ac ferri,

id. 9, 4, 18; so often: animus fert (aliquem aliquo), the mind moves one to any thing:

quo cujusque animus fert, eo discedunt,

Sall. J. 54, 4; cf.:

milites procurrentes consistentesque, quo loco ipsorum tulisset animus,

Liv. 25, 21, 5; and:

qua quemque animus fert, effugite superbiam regiam,

id. 40, 4, 14:

si maxime animus ferat,

Sall. C. 58, 6; cf. Ov. M. 1, 775.—With an object-clause, the mind moves one to do any thing, Ov. M. 1, 1; Luc. 1, 67; Suet. Otho, 6; cf.

also: mens tulit nos ferro exscindere Thebas,

Stat. Th. 4, 753.—

(Acc. to I. B. 2.) To carry off, take away:

omnia fert aetas, animum quoque,

Verg. E. 9, 51:

postquam te fata tulerunt,

id. ib. 5, 34:

invida Domitium fata tulere sibi,

Anthol. Lat. 4, 123, 8;

like efferre,

to carry forth to burial, Ov. Tr. 1, 3, 89.—

(Acc. to I. B. 3.) To bear, bring forth, produce:

haec aetas prima Athenis oratorem prope perfectum tulit,

Cic. Brut. 12, 45:

aetas parentum, pejor avis, tulit Nos nequiores,

Hor. C. 3, 6, 46:

Curium tulit et Camillum Saeva paupertas,

id. ib. 1, 12, 42.—

(Acc. to I. B. 6.) To bear away, to get, obtain, receive:

Cotta et Sulpicius omnium judicio facile primas tulerunt,

Cic. Brut. 49, 183:

palmam,

to carry off, win, id. Att. 4, 15, 6:

victoriam ex inermi,

to gain, Liv. 39, 51, 10; 2, 50, 2; 8, 8, 18:

gratiam et gloriam annonae levatae,

id. 4, 12, 8:

maximam laudem inter suos,

Caes. B. G. 6, 21, 4:

centuriam, tribus,

i. e. to get their votes, Cic. Planc. 20, 49; 22, 53; id. Phil. 2, 2, 4:

suffragia,

Suet. Caes. 13 (diff. from 8. a.):

responsum ab aliquo,

to receive, Cic. Cat. 1, 8, 19; Caes. B. G. 6, 4 fin.:

repulsam a populo,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 19, 54:

repulsam,

id. de Or. 2, 69 fin.; id. Phil. 11, 8, 19; id. Att. 5, 19 al.: calumniam, i. e. to be convicted of a false accusation, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 8, 1:

ita ut filius partem dimidiam hereditatis ferat,

Gai. Inst. 3, 8:

singulas portiones,

id. ib. 3, 16; 61.—

To bear, support any thing unpleasant; or pregn., to suffer, tolerate, endure.

To bear in any manner.

With acc.: servi injurias nimias aegre ferunt, Cato ap. Gell. 10, 3, 17:

(onus senectutis) modice ac sapienter sicut omnia ferre,

Cic. de Sen. 1, 2:

aegre ferre repulsam consulatus,

id. Tusc. 4, 17, 40:

hoc moderatiore animo ferre,

id. Fam. 6, 1, 6:

aliquid toleranter,

id. ib. 4, 6, 2:

clementer,

id. Att. 6, 1, 3:

quod eo magis ferre animo aequo videmur, quia, etc.,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 48, § 126:

ut tu fortunam, sic nos te, Celse, feremus,

Hor. Ep. 1, 8, 17.—

With an object-clause:

ut si quis aegre ferat, se pauperem esse,

take it ill, Cic. Tusc. 4, 27, 59:

hoc ereptum esse, graviter et acerbe ferre,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 58, § 152:

quomodo ferant veterani, exercitum Brutum habere,

id. Phil. 10, 7, 15.—

With de:

de Lentulo scilicet sic fero, ut debeo,

Cic. Att. 4, 6, 1:

quomodo Caesar ferret de auctoritate perscripta,

id. ib. 5, 2, 3:

numquid moleste fers de illo, qui? etc.,

id. ib. 6, 8, 3.—

Absol.:

sin aliter acciderit, humaniter feremus,

Cic. Att. 1, 2, 1:

si mihi imposuisset aliquid, animo iniquo tulissem,

id. ib. 15, 26, 4.—

Pregn., to bear or put up with, to suffer, tolerate, endure, sustain, resist.

With acc.: quis hanc contumeliam, quis hoc imperium, quis hanc servitutem ferre potest? Cato ap. Gell. 10, 3, 17:

qui potentissimorum hominum contumaciam numquam tulerim, ferrem hujus asseclae?

Cic. Att. 6, 3, 6:

cujus desiderium civitas ferre diutius non potest,

id. Phil. 10, 10, 21:

cogitandi non ferebat laborem,

id. Brut. 77, 268:

unum impetum nostrorum,

Caes. B. G. 3, 19, 3:

vultum atque aciem oculorum,

id. ib. 1, 39, 1:

cohortatio gravior quam aures Sulpicii ferre didicissent,

to hear unmoved, Cic. Phil. 9, 4, 9:

vultum,

Hor. S. 1, 6, 121:

multa tulit fecitque puer, sudavit et alsit,

id. A. P. 413:

spectatoris fastidia,

id. Ep. 2, 1, 215:

fuisse (Epaminondam) patientem suorumque injurias ferentem civium,

Nep. Epam. 7.—Of personal objects:

quem ferret, si parentem non ferret suum?

brook, Ter. Heaut. 1, 2, 28:

optimates quis ferat, qui, etc.,

Cic. Rep. 1, 33:

vereor, ut jam nos ferat quisquam,

Quint. 8, 3, 25:

an laturi sint Romani talem regem,

id. 7, 1, 24:

quis enim ferat puerum aut adolescentulum, si, etc.,

id. 8, 5, 8.—

With an object-clause:

ferunt aures hominum, illa... laudari,

Cic. de Or. 2, 84, 344:

non feret assiduas potiori te dare noctes,

Hor. Epod. 15, 13; Ov. M. 2, 628:

illa quidem in hoc opere praecipi quis ferat?

Quint. 11, 3, 27; 11, 1, 69:

servo nubere nympha tuli,

Ov. H. 5, 12; cf.:

alios vinci potuisse ferendum est,

id. M. 12, 555. —

With quod:

quod rapta, feremus, dummodo reddat eam,

Ov. M. 5, 520:

illud non ferendum, quod, etc.,

Quint. 11, 3, 131. —

With the access, notion of publicity, to make public, to disclose, show, exhibit:

eum ipsum dolorem hic tulit paulo apertius,

Cic. Planc. 14, 34; cf.:

laetitiam apertissime tulimus omnes,

id. Att. 14, 13, 2:

neque id obscure ferebat nec dissimulare ullo modo poterat,

id. Clu. 19, 54:

haud clam tulit iram adversus praetorem,

Liv. 31, 47, 4; cf.:

tacite ejus verecundiam non tulit senatus, quin, etc.,

id. 5, 28, 1.—

Prae se ferre, to show, manifest, to let be seen, to declare:

cujus rei tantae facultatem consecutum esse me, non profiteor: secutum me esse, prae me fero,

Cic. N. D. 1, 5, 12:

noli, quaeso, prae te ferre, vos plane expertes esse doctrinae,

id. ib. 2, 18, 47:

non mediocres terrores... prae se fert et ostentat,

id. Att. 2, 23, 3:

hanc virtutem prae se ferunt,

Quint. 2, 13, 11:

liberalium disciplinarum prae se scientiam tulit,

id. 12, 11, 21:

magnum animum (verba),

id. 11, 1, 37.—Of inanim. and abstr. subjects:

(comae) turbatae prae se ferre aliquid affectus videntur,

Quint. 11, 3, 148:

oratio prae se fert felicissimam facilitatem,

id. 10, 1, 11.—

Of speech, to report, relate, make known, assert, celebrate:

haec omnibus ferebat sermonibus,

Caes. B. C. 2, 17, 2:

alii alia sermonibus ferebant Romanos facturos,

Liv. 33, 32, 3:

ferte sermonibus et multiplicate fama bella,

id. 4, 5, 6:

patres ita fama ferebant, quod, etc.,

id. 23, 31, 13; cf. with acc.:

hascine propter res maledicas famas ferunt,

Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 149:

famam,

id. Pers. 3, 1, 23:

fama eadem tulit,

Tac. A. 1, 5; cf. id. ib. 15, 60:

nec aliud per illos dies populus credulitate, prudentes diversa fama, tulere,

talk about, id. ib. 16, 2:

inimici famam non ita, ut nata est, ferunt,

Plaut. Pers. 3, 1, 23:

quod fers, cedo,

tell, say, Ter. Ph. 5, 6, 17:

nostra (laus) semper feretur et praedicabitur, etc.,

Cic. Arch. 9, 21.—With an object-clause:

cum ipse... acturum se id per populum aperte ferret,

Liv. 28, 40, 2; id. ib. §

1: saepe homines morbos magis esse timendos ferunt quam Tartara leti,

Lucr. 3, 42:

Prognen ita velle ferebat,

Ov. M. 6, 470; 14, 527:

ipsi territos se ferebant,

Tac. H. 4, 78; id. A. 4, 58; 6, 26 (32); cf.:

mihi fama tulit fessum te caede procubuisse, etc.,

Verg. A. 6, 503:

commentarii ad senatum missi ferebant, Macronem praesedisse, etc.,

Tac. A. 6, 47 (53).—

Ferunt, fertur, feruntur, etc., they relate, tell, say; it is said, it appears, etc.—With inf.:

quin etiam Xenocratem ferunt, cum quaereretur ex eo, etc... respondisse, etc.,

Cic. Rep. 1, 2:

fuisse quendam ferunt Demaratum, etc.,

id. ib. 2, 19:

quem ex Hyperboreis Delphos ferunt advenisse,

id. N. D. 3, 23, 57; Hor. C. 3, 17, 2:

homo omnium in dicendo, ut ferebant, accrrimus et copiosissimus,

Cic. de Or. 1, 11, 45:

Ceres fertur fruges... mortalibus instituisse,

Lucr. 5, 14:

in Syria quoque fertur item locus esse, etc.,

id. 6, 755:

is Amulium regem interemisse fertur,

Cic. Rep. 2, 3:

qui in contione dixisse fertur,

id. ib. 2, 10 fin.:

quam (urbem) Juno fertur terris omnibus unam coluisse,

Verg. A. 1, 15:

non sat idoneus Pugnae ferebaris,

you were accounted, held, Hor. C. 2, 19, 27:

si ornate locutus est, sicut fertur et mihi videtur,

Cic. de Or. 1, 11, 49; cf.: cum quaestor ex Macedonia venissem Athenas florente [p. 739] Academia, ut temporibus illis ferebatur, id. ib. § 45.—

To give out, to pass off a person or thing by any name or for any thing; and, in the pass., to pass for any thing, to pass current:

hunc (Mercurium) omnium inventorem artium ferunt,

Caes. B. G. 6, 17, 1:

ut Servium conditorem posteri fama ferrent,

Liv. 1, 42, 4:

qui se Philippum regiaeque stirpis ferebat, cum esset ultimae,

set himself up for, boast, Vell. 1, 11, 1:

avum M. Antonium, avunculum Augustum ferens,

boasting of, Tac. A. 2, 43; cf.:

qui ingenuum se et Lachetem mutato nomine coeperat ferre,

Suet. Vesp. 23:

ante Periclem, cujus scripta quaedam feruntur,

Cic. Brut. 7, 27 (quoted paraphrastically, Quint. 3, 1, 12): sub nomine meo libri ferebantur artis rhetoricae, Quint. prooem. 7; cf.:

cetera, quae sub nomine meo feruntur,

id. 7, 2, 24; Suet. Caes. 55; id. Aug. 31; id. Caes. 20:

multa ejus (Catonis) vel provisa prudenter vel acta constanter vel responsa acute ferebantur,

Cic. Lael. 2, 6:

qua ex re in pueritia nobilis inter aequales ferebatur,

Nep. Att. 1, 3.—

Polit. and jurid. t. t.

Suffragium or sententiam, to give in one's vote, to vote, Varr. R. R. 3, 2, 1; cf.:

ferunt suffragia,

Cic. Rep. 1, 31; id. Fam. 11, 27, 7:

de quo foedere populus Romanus sententiam non tulit,

id. Balb. 15, 34; cf.:

de quo vos (judices) sententiam per tabellam feretis,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 47, § 104;

so of the voting of judges,

id. Clu. 26, 72;

of senators: parcite, ut sit qui in senatu de bello et pace sententiam ferat,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 31, § 76; cf. id. Fam. 11, 21, 2.—

Legem (privilegium, rogationem) ad populum, or absol., to bring forward or move a proposition, to propose a law, etc.:

perniciose Philippus in tribunatu, cum legem agrariam ferret, etc.,

Cic. Off. 2, 21, 73; cf. id. Sull. 23, 65:

quae lex paucis his annis lata esset,

id. Corn. 1, 3 (vol. xi. p. 10 B. and K.):

familiarissimus tuus de te privilegium tulit, ut, etc.,

id. Par. 4, 32:

Sullam illam rogationem de se nolle ferri (shortly before: Lex ferri coepta),

id. Sull. 23, 65:

rogationem de aliquo, contra or in aliquem, ad populum, ad plebem,

id. Balb. 14, 33; id. Clu. 51, 140; id. Brut. 23, 89; Caes. B. C. 3, 1, 4; Liv. 33, 25, 7:

nescis, te ipsum ad populum tulisse, ut, etc.,

proposed a bill, Cic. Phil. 2, 43, 100:

ut P. Scaevola tribunus plebis ferret ad plebem, vellentne, etc.,

id. Fin. 2, 16, 54; cf. Liv. 33, 25, 6:

quod Sulla ipse ita tulit de civitate, ut, etc.,

Cic. Caecin. 35, 102:

nihil de judicio ferebat,

id. Sull. 22, 63:

cum, ut absentis ratio haberetur, ferebamus,

id. Att. 7, 6, 2.— Impers.:

lato ut solet ad populum, ut equum escendere liceret,

Liv. 23, 14, 2. —

Judicem, said of the plaintiff, to offer or propose to the defendant as judge:

quem ego si ferrem judicem, refugere non deberet,

Cic. Rosc. Com. 15, 45; id. de Or. 2, 70, 285.—Hence, judicem alicui, in gen., to propose a judge to, i. e. to bring a suit against, to sue a person:

se iterum ac saepius judicem illi ferre,

Liv. 3, 57, 5; 3, 24, 5; 8, 33, 8.—

Mercant. t. t., to enter, to set or note down a sum in a book:

quod minus Dolabella Verri acceptum rettulit, quam Verres illi expensum tulerit, etc.,

i. e. has set down as paid, has paid, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 39, § 100 sq., v. expendo.—

Absol., of abstr. subjects, to require, demand, render necessary; to allow, permit, suffer:

ita sui periculi rationes ferre ac postulare,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 40, § 105; cf.:

gravioribus verbis uti, quam natura fert,

id. Quint. 18, 57: quid ferat Fors, Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 1, 12, 38 (Ann. 203 ed. Vahl.):

quamdiu voluntas Apronii tulit,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 23, § 57:

ut aetas illa fert,

as is usual at that time of life, id. Clu. 60, 168:

ad me, ut tempora nostra, non ut amor tuus fert, vere perscribe,

id. Q. Fr. 1, 4, 5:

quod ita existimabam tempora rei publicae ferre,

id. Pis. 2, 5:

si ita commodum vestrum fert,

id. Agr. 2, 28, 77:

prout Thermitani hominis facultates ferebant,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 34, § 83:

si vestra voluntas feret,

if such be your pleasure, id. de Imp. Pomp. 24, 70:

ut opinio et spes et conjectura nostra fert,

according to our opinion, hope, and belief, id. Att. 2, 25, 2:

ut mea fert opinio,

according to my opinion, id. Clu. 16, 46: si occasio tulerit, if occasion require, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 21, 6:

dum tempus ad eam rem tulit, sivi, animum ut expleret suum,

Ter. And. 1, 2, 17: in hac ratione quid res, quid causa, quid tempus ferat, tu perspicies, Cic. Fam. 1, 7, 6:

natura fert, ut extrema ex altera parte graviter, ex altera autem acute sonent,

id. Rep. 6, 18.— Impers.:

sociam se cujuscumque fortunae, et, si ita ferret, comitem exitii promittebat (sc. res or fortuna),

Tac. A. 3, 15; so,

si ita ferret,

id. H. 2, 44.

fŭgĭo, fūgi, fŭgĭtum ( gen. plur. part. sync. fugientum, Hor. C. 3, 18, 1; part. fut. fugiturus, Ov. H. 2, 47 al.), 3, v. n. and a. [root FUG; Gr. PHUG, pheugô; Sanscr. bhuj; syn.: flecto, curvo; v. fuga], to flee or fly, to take flight, run away.

Lit.:

propera igitur fugere hinc, si te di amant,

Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 78; cf.:

a foro,

id. Pers. 3, 3, 31:

senex exit foras: ego fugio,

I am off, Ter. Heaut. 5, 2, 47:

cervam videre fugere, sectari canes,

id. Phorm. prol. 7:

qui fugisse cum magna pecunia dicitur ac se contulisse Tarquinios,

Cic. Rep. 2, 19:

Aeneas fugiens a Troja,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 33, § 72:

omnes hostes terga verterunt, nec prius fugere destiterunt, quam ad flumen Rhenum pervenerint,

Caes. B. G. 1, 53, 1:

oppido fugit,

id. B. C. 3, 29, 1:

ex ipsa caede,

to flee, escape, id. B. G. 7, 38, 3; cf.:

ex proelio Mutinensi,

Cic. Fam. 10, 14, 1:

e conspectu,

Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 107: Uticam, Hor. Ep. 1, 20, 13: fenum habet in cornu;

longe fuge,

id. S. 1, 4, 34: nec furtum feci nec fugi, run away (of slaves), id. Ep. 1, 16, 46; cf.:

formidare servos, Ne te compilent fugientes,

id. S. 1, 1, 78; Sen. Tranq. 8.—

Prov.: ita fugias ne praeter casam,

i. e. in fleeing from one danger beware of falling into another, Ter. Phorm. 5, 2, 3 Ruhnk. —

In partic., like the Gr. pheugein, to become a fugitive, leave one's country, go into exile:

fugiendum de civitate, cedendum bonis aut omnia perferenda,

Quint. 6, 1, 19; so,

ex patria,

Nep. Att. 4, 4:

a patria,

Ov. Tr. 1, 5, 66:

in exilium,

Juv. 10, 160; cf. under II. A. b.—

Transf., in gen., to pass quickly, to speed, to hasten away, flee away; cf.:

numquam Vergilius diem dicit ire, sed fugere, quod currendi genus concitatissimum est,

Sen. Ep. 108 med. (mostly poet. and of inanim. and abstr. things):

tenuis fugiens per gramina rivus,

Verg. G. 4, 19:

Tantalus a labris sitiens fugientia captat Flumina,

Hor. S. 1, 1, 68:

concidunt venti fugiuntque nubes,

id. C. 1, 12, 30:

spernit humum fugiente pennā,

hasting away, rapidly soaring, id. ib. 3, 2, 24:

nullum sine vulnere fugit Missile,

Stat. Th. 9, 770:

insequitur fugientem lumine pinum (i. e. navem),

Ov. M. 11, 469:

fugere ad puppim colles campique videntur,

Lucr. 4, 389:

fugiunt freno non remorante dies,

Ov. F. 6, 772:

sed fugit interea, fugit irreparabile tempus,

Verg. G. 3, 284:

annus,

Hor. S. 2, 6, 40:

hora,

id. C. 3, 29, 48:

aetas,

id. ib. 1, 11, 7.—Of persons:

evolat ante omnes rapidoque per aëra cursu Callaicus Lampon fugit,

hastens away, Sil. 16, 335. Here perh. belongs: acer Gelonus, Cum fugit in Rhodopen atque in deserta Getarum, i. e. swiftly roves (as a nomade), Verg. G. 3, 462 (acc. to another explan., flees, driven from his abode).—

Pregn., to vanish, disappear, to pass away, perish:

e pratis cana pruina fugit,

Ov. F. 6, 730:

fugiunt de corpore setae,

id. M. 1, 739; cf.:

jam fessae tandem fugiunt de corpore vires,

Verg. Cir. 447;

for which: calidusque e corpore sanguis Inducto pallore fugit,

Ov. M. 14, 755:

fugerat ore color,

id. H. 11, 27:

nisi causa morbi Fugerit venis,

Hor. C. 2, 2, 15:

fugiunt cum sanguine vires,

Ov. M. 7, 859:

amor,

Prop. 1, 12, 12:

memoriane fugerit in annalibus digerendis, an, etc.,

Liv. 9, 44, 4:

gratissima sunt poma, cum fugiunt,

i. e. when they wilt, become wilted, Sen. Ep. 12; cf.: vinum fugiens, under P. a.—

Trop. (rare but class.):

nos naturam sequamur, et ab omni, quod abhorret ab oculorum auriumque approbatione, fugiamus,

Cic. Off. 1, 35, 128; cf.: omne animal appetit quaedam et fugit a quibusdam;

quod autem refugit, id contra naturam est, etc.,

id. N. D. 3, 13, 33; Quint. 11, 1, 54:

ad verba,

to have recourse to, Petr. 132.

Act., to flee from, seek to avoid; to avoid, shun any thing.

Lit. (mostly poet.): erravi, post cognovi, et fugio cognitum, Enn. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 24, 38 (Trag. v. 160 Vahl.):

cum Domitius concilia conventusque hominum fugeret,

Caes. B. C. 1, 19, 2:

neminem neque populum neque privatum fugio,

Liv. 9, 1, 7:

vesanum fugiunt poëtam qui sapiunt,

Hor. A. P. 455:

percontatorem,

id. Ep. 1, 18, 69:

hostem,

id. S. 1, 3, 10:

lupus me fugit inermem,

id. C. 1, 22, 12:

nunc et ovis ultro fugiat lupus,

Verg. E. 8, 52:

(Peleus) Hippolyten dum fugit abstinens,

Hor. C. 3, 7, 18:

scriptorum chorus omnis amat nemus et fugit urbes,

id. Ep. 2, 77; id. S. 1, 6, 126:

data pocula,

Ov. M. 14, 287; cf.

vina,

id. ib. 15, 323.— Pass.:

sic litora vento Incipiente fremunt, fugitur cum portus,

i. e. is left, Stat. Th. 7, 140. —

In partic. (cf. supra, I. A. b.), to leave one's country:

nos patriam fugimus,

Verg. E. 1, 4:

Teucer Salamina patremque cum fugeret,

Hor. C. 1, 7, 22.—Hence:

quis exsul Se quoque fugit?

Hor. C. 2, 16, 20.—

Transf. (causa pro effectu), to flee away from, to escape, = effugio ( poet.;

but cf. infra, B. 2.): hac Quirinus Martis equis Acheronta fugit,

Hor. C. 3, 3, 16:

insidiatorem,

id. S. 2, 5, 25:

cuncta manus avidas fugient heredis,

id. C. 4, 7, 19.—And in a poetically inverted mode of expression: nullum Saeva caput Proserpina fugit (= nemo tam gravis est, ad quem mors non accedat), none does cruel Proserpine flee away from, avoid (i. e. none escapes death), Hor. C. 1, 28, 20.—

Trop., to flee from, avoid, shun (very freq. and class.):

conspectum multitudinis,

Caes. B. G. 7, 30, 1:

ignominiam ac dedecus,

Cic. Rep. 5, 4:

nullam molestiam,

id. ib. 3, 5; cf.

laborem,

Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 114; Verg. A. 3, 459 (opp. ferre):

recordationes,

Cic. Att. 12, 18:

vituperationem tarditatis,

id. de Or. 2, 24, 101; cf.:

majoris opprobria culpae,

Hor. Ep. 1, 9, 10:

judicium senatus,

Liv. 8, 33, 8:

vitium,

Quint. 2, 15, 16:

hanc voluptatem (with reformidare),

id. 8, 5, 32:

disciplinas omnes (Epicurus),

id. 2, 17, 15:

nuptias,

Ter. And. 4, 4, 27; cf.:

usum conjugis,

Ov. M. 10, 565:

conubia,

id. ib. 14, 69:

amplexus senis,

Tib. 1, 9, 74:

nec sequar aut fugiam, quae diligit ipse vel odit,

Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 72:

spondeum et dactylum (opp. sequi),

Quint. 9, 4, 87.— Pass.:

simili inscitiā mors fugitur, quasi dissolutio naturae,

Cic. Leg. 1, 11, 31:

quemadmodum ratione in vivendo fugitur invidia, sic, etc.,

Auct. Her. 4, 38, 50:

quod si curam fugimus, virtus fugienda est,

Cic. Lael. 13, 47:

fugiendas esse nimias amicitias,

id. ib. 13, 45:

fugienda semper injuria est,

id. Off. 1, 8, 25; id. Verr. 2, 3, 43, § 103:

vitiosum genus fugiendum,

id. Or. 56, 189; cf. Quint. 11, 3, 128:

petenda ac fugienda,

id. 3, 6, 49.—

Like the Gr. pheugein, with inf. (mostly poet.), to avoid doing something, to omit, forbear, beware, = omittere, cavere:

illud in his rebus longe fuge credere, etc.,

Lucr. 1, 1052:

o fuge te tenerae puerorum credere turbae,

Tib. 1, 4, 9:

quid sit futurum cras, fuge quaerere,

Hor. C. 1, 9, 13; cf.

also: fuge suspicari, etc.,

id. ib. 2, 4, 22:

mene igitur socium summis adjungere rebus, Nise, fugis?

Verg. A. 9, 200; cf. Ov. H. 9, 75:

fugeres radice vel herbā Proficiente nihil curarier,

Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 150; cf.:

neque illud fugerim dicere, ut Caelius, etc.,

Cic. de Or. 3, 38, 153:

huic donis patris triumphum decorare fugiendum fuit?

id. Mur. 5, 11.—

Transf. (causa pro effectu; cf. supra, II. A. 2.), to escape ( poet. also of things as subjects):

tanta est animi tenuitas, ut fugiat aciem,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 22, 50; Ov. F. 2, 80:

sed tamen admiror, quo pacto judicium illud Fugerit,

Hor. S. 1, 4, 100:

quos viros vigilantia fugit,

whom any vigilance escapes, Verg. G. 2, 265; cf. id. E. 9, 54.—

Esp. freq., res me fugit, it escapes me, escapes my notice; I do not observe it, do not know it (cf.:

latet, praeterit): novus ille populus vidit tamen id, quod fugit Lacedaemonium Lycurgum,

Cic. Rep. 2, 12; cf.:

illos id fugerat,

id. Fin. 4, 23, 63:

hominem amentem hoc fugit,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 12, § 27:

quem res nulla fugeret,

id. Rep. 2, 1:

quae (ratio) neque Solonem Atheniensem fugerat, neque nostrum senatum,

id. ib. 2, 34;

1, 16: non fugisset hoc Graecos homines, si, etc.,

id. de Or. 1, 59, 253:

neminem haec utilitas fugit,

Quint. 2, 5, 17:

nisi quae me forte fugiunt, hae sunt fere de animo sententiae,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 11, 22; Quint. 9, 2, 107; 7, 1, 40:

nullam rem esse declarant in usu positam militari, quae hujus viri scientiam fugere possit,

Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 10, 28:

quae (partitio) fugiet memoriam judicis,

Quint. 4, 5, 3; cf. Gell. 1, 18, 6.—With a subject-clause:

de Dionysio, fugit me ad te antea scribere,

Cic. Att. 7, 18, 3; 5, 12, 3:

illud alterum quam sit difficile, te non fugit,

id. ib. 12, 42, 2.—Hence, fŭgĭens, entis, P. a., fleeing, fleeting, vanishing.

Lit.:

accipiter,

Lucr. 3, 752:

membra deficiunt, fugienti languida vitā,

id. 5, 887:

vinum,

growing flat, spoiling, Cic. Off. 3, 23, 91:

ocelli,

dying, Ov. Am. 3, 9, 49:

portus fugiens ad litora,

running back, retreating, Prop. 4 (5), 6, 15.—

Subst. in the later jurid. lang., like the Gr. ho pheugôn, the defendant:

omnimodo hoc et ab actore et a fugiente exigi,

Cod. Just. 2, 58, § 4 (for which, reus, § 7).—

Trop., with gen.:

nemo erat adeo tardus aut fugiens laboris, quin, etc.,

averse to labor, indolent, Caes. B. C. 1, 69, 3:

doloris,

Lact. 3, 8, 13:

solitudinis (with appeteus communionis ac societatis),

id. 6, 10, 18.— Comp., sup., and adv. do not occur.

hăbĕo, ui, itum, 2 (archaic perf. subj. habessit, Cic. Leg. 2, 8, 19; inf. haberier, Plaut. Mil. 2, 6, 111), v. a. and n. [etym. dub.; cf. Gr. kôpê, handle; Lat. capio; Germ. haben, Haft; Engl. have], to have, in the widest sense of the word, to hold, keep, possess, cherish, entertain, occupy, enclose, contain (cf.: teneo, possideo, etc.).

In gen.

Of personal subjects.

With persons or things as objects: SI INTESTATO MORITVR, CVI SVVS HERES NEC SIT, AGNATVS PROXIMVS FAMILIAM HABETO, Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Ulp. Fragm. 26, 1: ex tui animi sententia tu uxorem habes? Cato ap. Cic. de Or. 2, 64, 260; cf.:

aliquam habere in matrimonio, Cic. Scaur. § 8: ipsum ex Helvetiis uxorem habere,

Caes. B. G. 1, 18, 6:

si et prudentes homines et non veteres reges habere voluerunt,

Cic. Rep. 1, 37 fin.:

quae cum patrem clarissimum, amplissimos patruos, ornatissimum fratrem haberet,

id. Rosc. Am. 50, 147:

cum ille haberet filium delicatiorem,

id. de Or. 2, 64, 257:

quod non ingenuous habeat clarosque parentes,

Hor. S. 1, 6, 91:

habebat saepe ducentos, saepe decem servos,

id. ib. 1, 3, 11:

fundum habere, Cic. Tull. § 14: cur pecuniam non habeat mulier?

id. Rep. 3, 10:

tantas divitias habet,

Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 99; so,

aurum,

id. ib. 2, 3, 35; and:

vectigalia magna Divitiasque,

Hor. S. 2, 2, 101:

tantum opum,

Cic. Rep. 1, 48:

classes,

id. Phil. 9, 2, 4:

naves,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 40, § 104:

denique sit finis quaerendi, cumque habeas plus, Pauperiem metuas minus,

Hor. S. 1, 1, 92:

tacitus pasci si posset corvus, haberet Plus dapis,

id. Ep. 1, 17, 50:

Dionysii equus quid attulit admirationis, quod habuit apes in juba?

Cic. Div. 2, 31, 67: faenum habet in cornu;

longe fuge,

Hor. S. 1, 4, 34:

leges in monumentis habere,

Cic. Rep. 2, 14:

hostis habet muros,

Verg. A. 2, 290:

hostis habet portus,

Val. Fl. 3, 45 al.:

quam vellem Panaetium nostrum nobiscum haberemus,

Cic. Rep. 1, 10:

Ciceronem secum,

id. Att. 4, 9, 2; cf.:

ea legione, quam secum habebat,

Caes. B. G. 1, 8, 1:

secum senatorem,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 31, § 77; cf.

also: magnum numerum equitatus circum se,

Caes. B. G. 1, 18, 5:

haec si habeat aurum, quod illi renumeret, faciat lubens,

Plaut. Bacch. 1, 1, 12; cf.:

quid non habuisti quod dares? Habuisse se dicet, Cic. Scaur. § 19: quod non desit, habentem,

Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 52:

qui in foro turbaque, quicum colloqui libeat, non habeant,

Cic. Rep. 1, 17.—

With abstr. objects: quid illos, bono genere gnatos, opinanimi animi habuisse atque habituros dum vivent? Cato ap. Gell. 10, 3, 17:

quod uno et eodem temporis puncto nati dissimiles et naturas et vitas et casus habent,

Cic. Div. 2, 45, 95:

febrim,

id. Fam. 7, 26, 1:

instrumenta animi,

id. Rep. 3, 3:

nec vero habere virtutem satis est, quasi artem aliquam, nisi utare,

id. ib. 1, 2:

in populos perpetuam potestatem,

id. ib. 2, 27; cf.:

in populum vitae necisque potestatem,

id. ib. 3, 14; so,

potestatem,

id. ib. 2, 29; 32;

36: eo plus auctoritatis,

id. ib. 3, 16:

ornamenta dicendi,

id. de Or. 2, 28, 122; cf.:

summam prudentiam summamque vim dicendi,

id. ib. 1, 20, 89:

Q. Lucilius Balbus tantos progressus habebat in Stoicis, ut, etc.,

id. N. D. 1, 6, 15:

neque quem usum belli haberent aut quibus institutis uterentur, reperiri poterat,

Caes. B. G. 4, 20 fin.:

nonnullam invidiam ex eo, quod, etc.,

Cic. de Or. 2, 70, 283: nimiam spem, Cato ap. Gell. 13, 17, 1:

spem in fide alicujus,

Cic. Inv. 1, 39, 71; cf.:

tantum spei ad vivendum,

id. Att. 15, 20, 2; id. N. D. 3, 6, 14; cf.

also: summam spem de aliquo,

id. Lael. 3, 11:

odium in equestrem ordinem,

id. Clu. 55, 151:

metum,

Prop. 3, 11 (4, 10), 6: consolationem [p. 834] semper in ore atque in animo, Cic. Fam. 5, 16, 2; cf. Varr. L. L. 6, § 56 Mull.:

rogavi, ut diceret, quid haberet in animo,

Cic. Att. 8, 10:

neque modum neque modestiam victores habere,

observe no bounds, Sall. C. 11, 4;

v. modus: haec habebam fere, quae te scire vellem,

Cic. Att. 1, 6; cf.:

haec habui de amicitia quae dicerem,

this is what I had to say, id. Lael. 27 fin.: fidem, gratiam, honorem, rationem; v. these nouns.—In a play on the word lumen: Arge, jaces; quodque in tot lumina lumen habebas Exstinctum est, the light for so many lights ( eyes), Ov. M. 1, 720.—

With inf. (analog. to the Gr. echô), to have something to do, be able to do something:

habeo etiam dicere quem contra morem majorum dejecerit, etc.,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 35, 100:

de re publica nihil habeo ad te scribere,

id. Att. 2, 22, 6.—So with inf. or with the part. fut. pass. (ante-class. and post-Aug.), to have or be obliged to do something, I must do something:

rogas, ut id mihi habeam curare,

Varr. R. R. 1, 1, 2:

filius hominis, quod carne indui haberet in terra,

Lact. 4, 12, 15:

habemus humiliare eum in signo,

id. 4, 18, 22:

quod plurimae haereses haberent existere,

id. 4, 30, 2:

etiam Filius Dei mori habuit,

Tert. Hab. Mul. 1:

si inimicos jubemur diligere, quem habemus odisse?

id. Apol. 37:

de spatiis ordinum eatenus praecipiendum habemus, ut intelligant agricolae, etc.,

Col. 5, 5, 3:

praesertim cum enitendum haberemus, ut, etc.,

Plin. Ep. 1, 8, 12:

si nunc primum statuendum haberemus,

Tac. A. 14, 44:

cum respondendum haberent,

id. Or. 36.—

Of inanim. or abstr. subjects:

prima classis LXXXVIII. centurias habeat,

Cic. Rep. 2, 22:

locus ille nihil habet religionis,

id. Leg. 2, 22, 57:

humani animi eam partem, quae sensum habeat,

id. Div. 1, 32, 70:

animus incorruptus agit atque habet cuncta, neque ipse habetur,

Sall. J. 2, 3:

divinus animus mortale nihil habuit, Cic. Scaur. § 50: habet statum res publica de tribus secundarium,

id. Rep. 1, 42; cf.:

nullum est genus illarum rerum publicarum, quod non habeat iter ad finitimum quoddam malum,

id. ib. 1, 28:

ipsa aequabilitas est iniqua, cum habeat nullos gradus dignitatis,

id. ib. 1, 27:

nulla alia in civitate...ullum domicilium libertas habet,

id. ib. 1, 31:

nostri casus plus honoris habuerunt quam laboris,

id. ib. 1, 4; cf.:

viri excellentis ancipites variique casus habent admirationem,

id. Fam. 5, 12, 5:

habet etiam amoenitas ipsa illecebras multas cupiditatum,

id. Rep. 2, 4:

quid habet illius carminis simile haec oratio?

id. ib. 1, 36:

magnam habet vim disciplina verecundiae,

id. ib. 4, 6 et saep.:

quomodo habere dicimur febrem, cum illa nos habeat,

Sen. Ep. 119 med.; cf.:

animalia somnus habebat,

Verg. A. 3, 147; Ov. M. 7, 329:

me somno gravatum Infelix habuit thalamus,

Verg. A. 6, 521; cf.:

non me impia namque Tartara habent,

id. ib. 5, 734:

habentque Tartara Panthoiden,

Hor. C. 1, 28, 9:

qui (metus) major absentes habet,

id. Epod. 1, 18; Sen. Const. Sap. 7:

et habet mortalia casus,

Luc. 2, 13:

terror habet vates,

Stat. Th. 3, 549.

In partic.

Pregn., to have or possess property (mostly absol.):

miserum istuc verbum et pessumum'st, habuisse et nihil habere,

Plaut. Rud. 5, 2, 34; cf. Ter. Ad. 4, 7, 10: qui habet, ultro appetitur: qui est pauper, aspernatur, Cic. Fragm. ap. Prisc. p. 792 P.:

habet idem in nummis, habet idem in urbanis praediis,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 86, § 199; so,

in nummis,

id. Att. 8, 10:

in Salentinis aut in Brutiis,

i. e. to have possessions, id. Rosc. Am. 46, 132; cf. id. Verr. 2, 5, 18, § 45: nos quod simus, quod habeamus, etc., Curius ap. Cic. Fam. 7, 29, 1:

et belli rabies et amor successit habendi,

Verg. A. 8, 327; cf.:

amore senescit habendi,

Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 85; Phaedr. 3 prol. 21; Juv. 14, 207: quid habentibus auri nunquam exstincta sitis? Sil. 5, 264; so, habentes = hoi echontes, the wealthy, Lact. 5, 8, 7. —

With an object - or relative-clause, to have the means, ability, or knowledge, i. e. to be in a condition, to be able, to know how to do or say any thing.

With an objectclause:

de Alexandrina re tantum habeo polliceri, me tibi cumulate satisfacturum,

Cic. Fam. 1, 5, 3:

de re publica nihil habeo ad te scribere,

id. Att. 2, 22, 6:

haec fere dicere habui de natura deorum,

this is the substance of what I had to say, id. N. D. 3, 39, 93; cf.:

quid habes igitur dicere de Gaditano foedere?

id. Balb. 14, 33:

habeo etiam dicere, quem de ponte in Tiberim dejecerit,

id. Rosc. Am. 35, 100:

illud affirmare pro certo habeo, etc.,

Liv. 44, 22, 4:

sic placet, an melius quis habet suadere?

Hor. Epod. 16, 23.—

With a relat.-clause (usually with a negative: non habeo, quid faciam;

or: nihil habeo, quod faciam, dicam, etc.): de quibus habeo ipse, quid sentiam: non habeo autem, quid tibi assentiar,

Cic. N. D. 3, 25, 64:

de pueris quid agam, non habeo,

id. Att. 7, 19:

usque eo quid arguas non habes,

id. Rosc. Am. 15, 45:

quid huic responderet, non habebat,

id. Mur. 12, 26:

nec quid faceret habebat,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 23, § 51; id. Off. 2, 2, 7:

qui, quo se reciperent, non haberent,

Caes. B. G. 4, 38, 2:

nihil habeo, quod ad te scribam,

Cic. Att. 7, 19:

nil habeo, quod agam,

Hor. S. 1, 9, 19; and:

nihil habeo, quod cum amicitia Scipionis possim comparare,

Cic. Lael. 27, 103.—

To have in use, make use of, use (very rare, for the usual uti, opp. abuti):

anulus in digito subter tenuatur habendo,

i. e. by use, by wearing, Lucr. 1, 312; cf.:

aera nitent usu: vestis bona quaerit haberi,

Ov. Am. 1, 8, 51:

quippe quas (divitias) honeste habere licebat, abuti per turpitudinem properabant,

Sall. C. 13, 2 Kritz; cf.:

magnae opes innocenter paratae et modeste habitae,

Tac. A. 4, 44.—Hence,

To hold, use, wield, handle, manage:

nec inmensa barbarorum scuta, enormis hastas, inter truncos arborum perinde haberi quam pila,

Tac. A. 2, 14.— Trop.:

quo modo rem publicam habuerint (majores), disserere,

Sall. C. 5, 9; cf.:

reipublicae partes,

Tac. A. 4, 6 init. —

To hold or keep a person or thing in any condition; to have, hold, or regard in any light:

aliquem in obsidione,

Caes. B. C. 3, 31, 3:

aliquem in liberis custodiis,

Sall. C. 47, 3; so,

aliquem in custodiis,

id. ib. 52, 14:

aliquem in vinculis,

id. ib. 51 fin.;

for which also: in custodiam habitus,

i. e. put into prison and kept there, Liv. 22, 25; Tac. H. 1, 87; cf.:

quo facilius omne Hadriaticum mare in potestatem haberet,

Caes. B. C. 1, 25 Oud. N. cr. (al. in potestate):

cum talem virum in potestatem habuisset,

Sall. J. 112 fin. Kritz N. cr.:

quae res eos in magno diuturnoque bello inter se habuit,

id. ib. 79, 3:

alios in ea fortuna haberent, ut socii esse quam cives mallent,

Liv. 26, 24:

aegros in tenebris,

Cels. 3, 18:

aquam caelestem sub dio in sole,

Col. 12, 12, 1:

in otio militem,

Liv. 39, 2, 6; cf.:

legiones habebantur per otium,

Tac. H. 1, 31:

externa sine cura habebantur,

id. A. 1, 79 init.:

exercitus sine imperio et modestia habitus,

Sall. J. 44, 1:

quos ille postea magno in honore habuit,

Caes. B. C. 1, 77, 2;

for which: quos praecipuo semper honore Caesar habuit,

id. B. G. 5, 54, 4:

habeo Junium (mensem) et Quintilem in metu,

i. e. I fear, Cic. Att. 6, 1, 14.— So with an adj. or a perf. part., to denote a lasting condition:

ita me mea forma habet sollicitum,

Plaut. Most. 4, 2, 95 Lorenz; id. Men. 4, 2, 12; 21:

miserrimum ego hunc habebo amasium,

id. Cas. 3, 3, 27 al.:

laetum Germanicum,

Tac. A. 2, 57; 65:

sollicitum habebat cogitatio,

Cic. Fam. 7, 3, 1; 2, 16, 2.—Hence,

With a double object, esp. freq. with the part. perf. pass., to have, hold, or possess a person or thing in any quality or capacity, as any thing; to have, hold, or possess an action as completed, finished (a pregn. circumlocution for the perf.):

cum haberet collegam in praetura Sophoclem,

Cic. Off. 1, 40, 144; cf. Quint. 10, 1, 93:

an heredem habuerit eum, a quo, etc.,

id. 7, 2, 37:

istaec illum perdidit assentatio, nam absque te esset, ego illum haberem rectum ad ingenium bonum,

Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 8:

cur ergo unus tu Apollonidenses miseriores habes quam pater tuus habuit umquam?

Cic. Fl. 29, 71:

obvium habuerunt patrem,

Quint. 7, 1, 29:

reliquas civitates stipendiarias,

Caes. B. G. 1, 30, 3:

quod (cognomen) habes hereditarium,

Cic. Rep. 6, 11:

quae habuit venalia,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 62, § 144; Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 11, 1:

qui auro habeat soccis suppactum solum,

Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 98:

me segregatum habuisse, uxorem ut duxit, a me Pamphilum,

have kept him away, aloof, Ter. Hec. 5, 1, 25; cf.:

inclusum in curia senatum habuerunt,

Cic. Att. 6, 2, 8:

(Romulus) habuit plebem in clientelas principum descriptam,

id. Rep. 2, 9: satis mihi videbar habere cognitum Scaevolam ex iis rebus, quas, etc., id. Brut. 40, 147; cf.:

si nondum eum satis habes cognitum,

id. Fam. 13, 17, 3; ib. 15, 20 fin.: fidem spectatam jam et diu cognitam, id. Div. ap. Caecil. 4, 11:

decumas ad aquam deportatas,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 14, § 36:

domitas habere libidines,

id. de Or. 1, 43, 194:

omnes philosophiae notos et tractatos locos,

id. Or. 33, 118; id. Rep. 2, 6:

innumerabilia, quae collecta habent Stoici,

id. Div. 2, 70, 145: quantum in acie tironi sit committendum, nimium saepe expertum habemus, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 24, 3:

quare velim ita statutum habeas, me, etc.,

Cic. Fam. 6, 2, 1: habeo absolutum suave epos ad Caesarem, id. Q. Fr. 3, 9, 6:

in adversariis scriptum habere (nomen),

id. Rosc. Com. 3, 9:

de Caesare satis dictum habebo,

id. Phil. 5, 19, 52:

bellum habere susceptum,

id. Agr. 2, 6, 14:

quam (domum) tu iam dimensam et exaedificatam animo habebas,

id. Att. 1, 6, 1:

ut omnes labores, pericula consueta habeam,

Sall. J. 85, 7:

compertum ego habeo,

id. Cat. 58, 1; cf. Nep. Att. 17 fin.; 18, 1: neque ea res falsum ( part. perf. pass.) me habuit, Sall. J. 10, 1 al. From this use is derived the compound perf. of the Romance languages: ho veduto, j'ai vu, qs. habeo visum, I have seen).—

Also, with a double object, to make, render:

praecipit ut dent operam, uti eos quam maxime manifestos habeant,

Sall. C. 41, 5:

qui pascua publica infesta habuerant,

Liv. 39, 29, 9; 34, 36, 3:

necdum omnia edita facinora habent,

id. 39, 16, 3; 31, 42, 1:

anxium me et inquietum habet petitio Sexti,

Plin. Ep. 2, 9, 1:

sed Pompeium gratia impunitum habuit,

kept, Vell. 2, 1, 5.—

Hence:

in aliquo (aliqua re), aliquem (aliquid) habere (rare): ea si fecissem, in vestra amicitia exercitum, divitias, munimenta regni me habiturum,

Sall. J. 14, 1:

in vobis liberos, parentes, consanguineos habeo,

Curt. 6, 9, 12:

majora in eo obsequia habiturus,

Just. 8, 6, 6; cf. Cic. Fam. 2, 16, 5.—

To have or hold a person in any manner, to treat, use:

is, uti tu me hic habueris, proinde illum illic curaverit,

Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 64:

equitatu agmen adversariorum male habere et carpere,

Caes. B. C. 1, 63, 2; cf. Cels. 3, 20; 3, 21:

exercitum luxuriose nimisque liberaliter habere,

Sall. C. 11, 5 Kritz; cf.:

eos ille non pro vanis hostibus, ut meriti erant, sed accurate et liberaliter habuit,

id. J. 103, 5; 113, 2:

Fabiis plurimi (saucii) dati, nec alibi majore cura habiti,

Liv. 2, 47, 12; 29, 8, 6; 37, 34, 5:

video quam molliter tuos habeas,

Plin. Ep. 5, 19, 1:

militant vobiscum, qui superbe habiti rebellassent,

Curt. 8, 8, 11:

virgines tam sancte habuit,

id. 3, 12, 21; 4, 10, 33:

male habere aliquem,

Nep. Eum. 12, 1:

neque conjugem et filium ejus hostiliter haberi,

Tac. A. 2, 10.—

With se, and sometimes mid. or neut., to hold or keep himself or itself in a certain manner, i. e. to be constituted or situated, to find one's self, to be, in any manner.

Habere se:

Tironem Patris aegrum reliqui...et quamquam videbatur se non graviter habere, tamen sum sollicitus, etc.,

Cic. Att. 7, 2, 3:

praeclare te habes, cum, etc.,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 61, § 149:

ipsi se hoc melius habent quam nos, quod, etc.,

id. Att. 11, 7, 4:

Bene habemus nos,

id. ib. 2, 8, 1:

ego me bene habeo,

am well, Tac. A. 14, 51: praeclare se res habeat ( is well), si, etc., Cic. de Or. 1, 25, 114:

male se res habet, cum, quod virtute effici debet, id tentatur pecunia,

id. Off. 2, 6, 22; cf. id. de Or. 2, 77, 313:

quae cum ita se res haberet, tamen, etc.,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 50, § 124; cf.:

ita se res habet, ut ego, etc.,

id. Quint. 1, 2:

sic profecto res se habet,

id. de Or. 2, 67, 271:

scire aveo, quomodo res se habeat,

id. Att. 13, 35, 2; cf. id. de Or. 2, 32, 140:

ut se tota res habeat,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 5, § 15; cf.:

ut meae res sese habent,

Ter. Phorm. 5, 4, 1.—

Mid.:

virtus clara aeternaque habetur,

exhibits itself, is, continues, Sall. C. 1, 4:

sicuti pleraque mortalium habentur,

as for the most part happens in human affairs, id. ib. 6, 3.—

Neutr. (as also the Gr echô): Tullia nostra recte valet: Terentia minus belle habuit, Dolab. ap. Cic. Fam. 9, 9, 1:

volui animum tandem confirmare hodie meum, Ut bene haberem filiae nuptiis,

I might enjoy myself, Plaut. Aul. 2, 8, 2: qui bene habet suisque amicis est volup, id. [p. 835] Mil. 3, 1, 130:

bene habent tibi principia,

Ter. Phorm. 2, 3, 82:

bene habet: jacta sunt fundamenta defensionis,

it is well, Cic. Mur. 6, 14; Liv. 8, 6:

magnum narras, vix credibile! atqui sic habet,

so it is, it is even so, Hor. S. 1, 9, 53: illasce sues sanas esse habereque recte licere spondesne? Formula emendi, ap. Varr. R. R. 2, 4, 5; 2, 3, 5.—

To hold, account, esteem, consider, regard a person or thing in any manner or as any thing; to think or believe a person or thing to be so or so:

aliquem fidelem sibi habere,

Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 87:

deos aeternos et beatos,

Cic. N. D. 1, 17, 45:

id habent hodie vile et semper habuerunt,

id. Balb. 22, 51:

maximam illam voluptatem habemus, quae, etc.,

id. Fin. 1, 11, 37:

eum nos ut perveterem habemus... nec vero habeo quemquam antiquiorem,

id. Brut. 15, 61:

Ut et rex et pater habereter omnium,

id. Rep. 1, 36; 2, 21:

parentem Asiae et dici et haberi,

id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 10 fin.:

eos dicit esse habitos deos, a quibus, etc.,

id. N. D. 1, 15, 38:

cum esset habendus rex, quicumque genere regio natus esset,

id. Rep. 1, 33; cf. id. ib. 2, 12 fin.: non habeo nauci Marsum augurem, Poet. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 58, 132:

cujus auctoritas in iis regionibus magni habebatur,

Caes. B. G. 4, 21, 7:

nihil pensi habere,

Quint. 11, 1, 29; cf.

also: an perinde habenda sit haec atque illa,

id. 7, 3, 11:

sese illum non pro amico, sed pro hoste habiturum,

Caes. B. G. 1, 44, 19; so,

aliquem pro hoste,

Liv. 2, 20; Curt. 6, 2 al.:

nisi in provincia relictas rationes pro relatis haberem,

Cic. Fam. 5, 20, 2:

licet omnia Italica pro Romanis habeam,

Quint. 1, 5, 56; 12, 10, 73:

istuc jam pro facto habeo,

Cic. Att. 13, 1, 2:

Pompeium pro certo habemus per Illyricum proficisci in Galliam,

to consider as certain, id. ib. 10, 6 fin.:

id obliviscendum, pro non dicto habendum,

Liv. 23, 22, 9:

hoc velim in maximis rebus et maxime necessariis habeas,

Cic. Att. 5, 5 fin.:

aliquem in deorum numero,

id. N. D. 1, 14, 36:

aliquem in hostium numero,

Caes. B. G. 1, 28, 1:

aliquem suorum In numero,

Hor. S. 2, 6, 41;

for which also: hostium numero haberi,

Cic. Att. 11, 6, 6:

numero impiorum ac sceleratorum haberi,

Caes. B. G. 6, 13, 7; cf. also Quint. 3, 7, 2:

quem Aegyptii nefas habent nominare,

Cic. N. D. 3, 22, 56:

mutare nefas habent,

Quint. 12, 8, 6:

nec tamen est habendum religioni, nocentem aliquando defendere,

to scruple, make a conscience of, Cic. Off. 2, 14, 51; cf.:

nec eam rem habuit religioni,

id. Div. 1, 35, 77:

quando tu me bene merentem tibi habes despicatui,

you despise, Plaut. Men. 4, 3, 19:

non sic ludibrio tuis factis habitus essem,

Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 11.—Hence: sic habeto, or sic habeas aliquid, or with an object-clause, hold or judge thus, be convinced or persuaded, believe, know:

sed hoc nihil ad te: illud velim sic habeas, uod intelliges, etc.,

Cic. Fam. 3, 13, 2:

unum hoc sic habeto: si, etc.,

id. ib. 2, 6 fin.:

sic habeto: omnibus, etc.,

id. Rep. 6, 13:

enitere et sic habeto, non esse te mortalem, sed corpus hoc,

id. ib. 6, 24; so with an object-clause, id. Fam. 2, 10, 1; 16, 4, 4.—Without sic:

id primum ergo habeto, non sine magna causa, etc.,

Cic. Fam. 13, 29, 2:

tantum habeto, civem egregium esse Pompeium, etc.,

id. ib. 2, 8, 2.—

To take, accept, bear, submit to, endure:

neque cuiquam mortalium injuriae suae parvae videntur: multi eas gravius aequo habuere,

Sall. C. 51, 11:

egestas facile habetur sine damno,

id. ib. 6, 37:

quae in praesens Tiberius civiliter habuit, sed, etc.,

Tac. A. 4, 21:

neque tantum maleficium impune habendum,

id. ib. 3, 70;

12, 48: nec ita aegre habuit filium id pro parente ausum,

Liv. 7, 5, 7 Weissenb.—

To hold, have possession of, occupy, a place:

urbem Romam condidere atque habuere initio Trojani,

Sall. C. 6, 1:

qui mortales initio Africam habuerint,

id. J. 17, 7; 18, 1; cf.

Siciliam et Sardiniam per legatos habuit,

rule, administer, Flor. 4, 2, 22:

urbem Romanam a principio reges habuere,

Tac. A. 1, 1:

Hispaniae tribus legionibus habebantur,

id. ib. 4, 5; 12, 54.—

More freq. neutr., to dwell, live anywhere (perh. only ante-class.; in good prose habito is used instead): quae Corinthum arcem altam habetis, Enn. ap. Cic. Fam. 7, 6, 1 (Trag. v. 294 Vahl.):

ille geminus qui Syracusis habet,

Plaut. Men. prol. 69: quis istic habet? id. Bacch. 1, 2, 6:

ubi nunc adulescens habet?

id. Trin. 1, 2, 156:

apud aedem Junonis Lucinae, ubi aeditumus habere solet,

Varr. L. L. 5, § 50 Mull.; cf.:

situm formamque et universorum castrorum et partium, qua Poeni, qua Numidae haberent...specularentur,

Liv. 30, 4, 2 (but v. Weissenb. ad loc.).—

To spend, pass (time, etc.):

aetatem procul a republica,

Sall. C. 4, 1:

vitam,

id. ib. 51, 12 al.—

To have in one's mind, to know, be acquainted with:

siquidem istius regis (Anci) matrem habemus, ignoramus patrem,

Cic. Rep. 2, 18 fin.: habes consilia nostra;

nunc cognosce de Bruto,

there you have, such are, id. Att. 5, 21, 10:

habetis igitur primum ortum tyranni,

id. Rep. 2, 27:

habetis sermonem bene longum hominis,

id. de Or. 2, 88, 361; cf.

also: habes nostras sententias,

Suet. Claud. 4:

habes, quae fortissime de beata vita dici putem,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 28 fin.; cf. id. de Or. 2, 71, 291. —

To have as a habit, peculiarity, or characteristic:

habebat hoc omnino Caesar: quem plane perditum aere alieno egentemque cognorat, hunc in familiaritatem libentissime recipiebat,

Cic. Phil. 2, 32, 78; id. Pis. 32, 81.—

To hold, to make, do, perform, prepare, utter, pronounce, produce, cause:

alium quaerebam, iter hac habui,

made, directed, Ter. Eun. 5, 9, 35; cf.:

ex urbe profectus iter ad legiones habebat,

Caes. B. C. 1, 14, 3; so,

iter,

id. ib. 1, 51, 1; 3, 11, 2; 3, 106, 1; Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 6, 2:

vias,

Luc. 2, 439:

C. Cato contionatus est, comitia haberi non siturum, si, etc.,

to be held, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 6, 6:

senatum,

id. ib. 2, 13, 3; id. Fam. 1, 4, 1; Caes. B. C. 1, 2, 1:

concilia,

id. B. G. 5, 53, 4:

contionem,

Cic. Att. 4, 1, 6:

censum,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 55, § 138:

delectum (militum),

id. Phil. 5, 12, 31; id. Fam. 15, 1 fin.; Caes. B. G. 6, 1;

v. delectus: ludos,

Suet. Rhet. 1:

sermonem,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 24, 57; cf.:

orationem,

to deliver, id. Rep. 1, 46:

multis verbis ultro citroque habitis,

id. ib. 6, 9 fin.:

disputationem,

id. ib. 1, 7; Caes. B. G. 5, 30, 1:

dialogum,

Cic. Att. 2, 9, 1:

verba,

id. de Or. 2, 47, 190:

querelam de aliquo apud aliquem,

id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 1, § 2:

controversiam de fundo cum aliquo,

id. Fam. 13, 69, 2 et saep.:

deinde adventus in Syriam primus equitatus habuit interitum,

caused, occasioned, Cic. Prov. Cons. 4, 9; cf. id. Div. 2, 46, 96:

latrocinia nullam habent infamiam, quae extra fines cujusque civitatis fiunt,

Caes. B. G. 6, 23, 6.—

Habere in animo (or simply animo), with an objectclause, to have in mind, to intend, to be disposed, inclined to do any thing (=propositum habere, constituisse, decrevisse):

istum exheredare in animo habebat,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 18, 52; id. Att. 1, 17, 11:

hoc (flumen) neque ipse transire in animo habebat neque hostes transituros existimabat,

Caes. B. G. 6, 7, 5:

neque bello eum invadere animo habuit,

Liv. 44, 25, 1 dub (al. in animo), v. Drak. ad h. l.—

Habere sibi or secum aliquid, to keep to one's self (lit. and trop.):

clamare coeperunt, sibi ut haberet hereditatem,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 19, § 47:

per vindicationem his verbis legamus: DO LEGO, CAPITO, SUMITO, SIBI HABETO,

Ulp. Fragm. 24, 3; cf. ib. § 5; Gai. Inst. 2, 209.—So the formula used in divorces:

res tuas tibi habeas or habe,

Plaut. Am. 3, 2, 47; Sen. Suas. 1, § 7:

illam suam suas res sibi habere jussit ex duodecim tabulis,

Cic. Phil. 2, 28, 69. —Comic. transf.:

apage sis amor: tuas tibi res habeto,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 1, 32.— Trop.:

secreto hoc audi, tecum habeto, ne Apellae quidem liberto tuo dixeris,

Cic. Fam. 7, 25, 2:

verum haec tu tecum habeto,

id. Att. 4, 15, 6.—

Of a sweetheart, to have, to possess, enjoy:

postquam nos Amaryllis habet, Galatea reliquit,

Verg. E. 1, 31; Tib. 1, 2, 65; Prop. 3, 8 (4, 7), 22:

duxi, habui scortum,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 10, 6; Ter. And. 1, 1, 58: cum esset objectum, habere eum Laida;

habeo, inquit, non habeor a Laide,

Cic. Fam. 9, 26, 2.—

Gladiatorial t. t., of a wounded combatant: hoc habet or habet, he has that (i. e. that stroke), he is hit:

desuper altus equo graviter ferit atque ita fatur: Hoc habet,

Verg. A. 12, 296; Prud. Psych. 53.—

Transf.:

hoc habet: reperi, qui senem ducerem,

Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 26; id. Rud. 4, 4, 99: egomet continuo mecum;

Certe captus est! Habet!

Ter. And. 1, 1, 56 (id est vulneratus est. Habet enim qui percussus est: et proprie de gladiatoribus dicitur, Don.).—Hence: hăbĭtus, a, um, P. a., held or kept in a certain condition, state, humor (ante-class.).

In gen.

Lit.: equus nimis strigosus et male habitus, Massur. Sabin. ap. Gell. 4, 20, 11; v. in the foll.—

Trop.:

ut patrem tuum vidi esse habitum, diu etiam duras (lites) dabit,

Ter. Heaut. 2, 4, 22.—

In partic., physically, well kept, well conditioned, fleshy, corpulent:

corpulentior videre atque habitior,

Plaut. Ep. 1, 1, 8:

si qua (virgo) est habitior paulo, pugilem esse aiunt, deducunt cibum,

Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 23: (censores) equum nimis strigosum et male habitum, sed equitem ejus uberrimum et habitissimum viderunt, etc., Massur. Sabin. ap. Gell. 4, 20, 11.

indulgĕo, si, tum, 2, v. n. and a. [etym. dub.; cf. dulcis], to be courteous or complaisant; to be kind, tender, indulgent to; to be pleased with or inclined to, to give one ' s self up to, yield to, indulge in a thing (as joy or grief); to concede, grant, allow.

V. n. (class.); constr. with the dat.

In gen.:

Aeduorum civitati Caesar praecipue indulserat,

Caes. B. G. 1, 10; 7, 40:

sic sibi indulsit, ut, etc.,

indulged himself so, took such liberties, Nep. Lys. 1, 3:

indulgebat sibi liberalius, quam, ut, etc.,

id. Chabr. 3:

irae,

Liv. 3, 53, 7:

indulgent sibi latius ipsi,

Juv. 14, 234:

ipsa sibi imbecillitas indulget,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 18, 42:

indulgent consules legionum ardori,

Liv. 9, 43, 19:

dolori,

Nep. Reg. 1:

genio,

Pers. 5, 151:

amori,

Plin. Ep. 1, 14, 10:

precibus,

id. ib. 4, 15, 11:

gaudio,

id. ib. 5, 15, 1:

desiderio alicujus,

id. ib. 10, 34, 1:

odio,

Liv. 40, 5, 5:

lacrimis,

Ov. M. 9, 142: animo, to give way to passion or to anger, id. ib. 12, 598:

regno,

to delight in, Luc. 7, 54:

ordinibus,

give room to, set apart, Verg. G. 2, 277.—

With acc. of the person (ante-class. and poet.): eri, qui nos tantopere indulgent, Afran. ap. Non. 502, 11 (Fragm. Com. v. 390 Rib.):

te indulgebant,

Ter. Heaut. 5, 2, 34; id. Eun. 2, 1, 16.— Pass.: animus indulgeri potuisset, be pleased, Gell. praef. 1.—

Esp., to give one ' s self up to, to be given or addicted to, to indulge in:

veteres amicitias spernere, indulgere novis,

Cic. Lael. 15, 54:

labori,

Verg. A. 6, 135:

theatris,

Ov. R. Am. 751:

eloquentiae,

Quint. 10, 1, 84:

somno,

Tac. A. 16, 19.— Pass. impers.:

nihil relicturus, si aviditati indulgeretur, quod in aerarium referret,

Liv. 45, 35, 6:

sero petentibus non indulgebitur,

Gai. Inst. 4, 164.—

V. a., to concede, allow, grant, permit, give, bestow as a favor, confer (post- Aug.):

alicui usum pecuniae,

Suet. Aug. 41:

ornamenta consularia procuratoribus,

id. Claud. 24:

damnatis arbitrium mortis,

id. Dom. 11:

insignia triumphi indulsit Caesar,

Tac. A. 11, 20:

patientiam flagello,

i. e. to submit to patiently, Mart. 1, 105, 3:

nil animis in corpora juris natura indulget,

grants no power, Juv. 2, 140:

basia plectro,

id. 6, 384:

si forte indulsit cura soporem,

id. 13, 217:

veniam pueris,

to make allowance for, id. 8, 168.—

With inf. ( poet.):

incolere templa,

Sil. 14, 672.— Pass.:

qui jam nunc sanguinem meum sibi indulgeri aequum censet,

Liv. 40, 15, 16:

rerum ipsa natura in eo quod indulsisse homini videtur, etc.,

Quint. 12, 1, 2:

abolitio reorum, quae publice indulgetur,

is granted, Dig. 48, 16, 17. —

Se alicui, in mal. part., Juv. 2, 165 al.—Hence, indulgens, entis, P. a.

Indulgent, kind, or tender to one, fond of one; constr. with dat., or in with acc. (class.).

With dat.:

obsequium peccatis indulgens praecipitem amicum ferri sinit,

Cic. Lael. 24, 89.—

With in and acc.:

civitas minime in captivos indulgens,

Liv. 22, 61, 1. —

Absol.:

quo ipsum nomen amantius, indulgentiusque maternum, hoc illius matris singulare scelus,

Cic. Clu. 5, 12:

ministri irarum,

Liv. 24, 25, 9. —

Addicted to:

aleae indulgens,

addicted to dicing, Suet. Aug. 70.—

In pass., fondly loved: fili, indulgentissime adulescens, Ps.-Quint. Decl. 10, 13.— Adv.: indulgenter, indulgently, kindly, tenderly:

nimis indulgenter loqui,

Cic. Att. 9, 9, 2:

bestiae multa faciunt indulgenter,

id. Fin. 2, 33, 109. — Comp.:

dii alios indulgentius tractant,

Sen. Ben. 4, 32.— Sup.:

indulgentissime,

Sen. Cons. ad Helv. 5.

ĭn-ĕo, īvi and ĭi, ĭtum, īre (iniri only ap. Vop. Procul. 12, 7; fut. iniet, Sen. Ben. 21, 2), v. a. and n.

To go into, to enter a place (class.).

Lit.

In gen., constr. with acc., or with in and acc.

With acc.:

illius domum,

Cic. Deiot. 3, 8:

urbem,

Liv. 3, 24, 8:

Argolicas acies non ignarus ini (i. e. inii),

Stat. Th. 8, 107:

convivia,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 18, 52:

viam, iter,

to enter on a journey, id. Mur. 12, 26.— Pass.:

nemus nullis illud initur equis,

Ov. F. 3, 266:

(Hispania) prima Romanis inita provinciarum,

Liv. 28, 12, 12.—

With in and acc.:

in urbem,

Liv. 24, 9, 2.—

In partic., to know, in mal. part., Liv. 41, 13, 2: reginam, Drusillam, Anton. ap. Suet. Aug. 69:

feminae viros ineunt,

Sen. Ep. 95, 21;

so of animals,

to pair, Varr. R. R. 2, 7, 9; Plin. 10, 63, 83, § 178.— Pass.:

vacca ab agresti tauro inita,

Liv. 41, 13, 2; cf.:

sic velut inita arbor fecundo semine fertilior exstat,

Col. 5, 9, 16.—

Trop., to enter upon, begin a business, an enterprise, occupation, office, etc.:

magistratum,

Cic. Phil. 3, 1, 2:

consulatum,

Liv. 24, 9, 7:

imperium,

Suet. Tib. 67.— Pass.:

inito magistratu,

Liv. 36, 1, 1:

magnum et difficile certamen iniens,

Cic. Fin. 4, 12, 31; Curt. 4, 3, 12:

proelium,

id. Off. 1, 11, 37; Vell. 2, 55, 3; Suet. Tib. 2; id. Vesp. 4:

pugnas,

Verg. A. 11, 912:

bellum,

Curt. 5, 9, 4.— Pass.:

bellum cum rege Philippo initum est,

Liv. 31, 5, 1; 36, 1, 5: numerum, to go into an enumeration, i. e. to enumerate, give the number:

numerus interfectorum haud facile iniri potuit,

Liv. 38, 23, 6:

numerus inibatur,

Caes. B. G. 7, 76: rationem, to make an estimate:

rationem inire oportet operarum, dierum,

Cato, R. R. 2, 2; cf.:

initā subductāque ratione,

Cic. N. D. 3, 29, 71: inire rationem also freq. signifies, to calculate, consider, find out, devise, contrive:

rogo, ut adjuves ineasque rationem, quemadmodum ea mulier Romam perducatur,

id. Fam. 13, 28, 2:

mihi ineunda ratio, et via reperiunda est, qua ad Apronii quaestum possim pervenire,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 46. § 110: ut multa tam gravis depelleretur, a me inita ratio est. id. Fam. 5, 20, 4:

rationem de re,

id. Phil. 5, 19, 53:

ad hunc interficiendum talem iniit rationem,

Nep. Hann. 10, 3:

aestimationem,

to make an estimate, to estimate, value, Sen. Ben. 3, 8 fin.:

mensuram agrorum,

to take the measure of, to measure, survey, Col. 5, 3, 1: societatem cum aliquo, to enter into or form an association with a person, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 8, 3; so of an alliance, Suet. Tib. 2:

bellum,

to take part in, Cic. Off. 1, 11, 37; Curt. 5, 9, 4:

pugnas,

to begin, Verg. A. 11, 912:

pugnam,

Vell. 1, 9, 3; 2, 55, 3:

indutias,

to conclude, make, Plin. Pan. 11, 5: consilium, to form a plan, Ov. F. 3, 380:

consilia inibat, quemadmodum a Gergovia discederet,

formed plans, considered, deliberated, Caes. B. G. 7, 43:

consilium facinoris contra vitam alicujus,

Cic. Deiot. 2, 4: gratiam, to get into the good graces, obtaĭn the favor of:

plures ineuntur gratiae, si, etc.,

the favor of many is gained, id. Brut. 57, 209:

gratiam ab aliquo,

Nep. Alcib. 9 fin.:

apud regem initam gratiam volebant,

Liv. 36, 5, 3:

summam gratiam a bonis omnibus,

Cic. Att. 7, 9, 3: viam, to find out a way to do any thing:

ineamus viam aliquam, qua utri utris imperent, decerni possit,

Liv. 1, 23, 9:

suffragia, i. q. dare,

id. 3, 17, 4; 3, 25, 4:

inită aestate,

in the beginning of, Caes. B. G. 2, 2; 2, 35, 2; cf.:

inită hieme,

id. ib. 3, 7, 1.— Poet.:

somnum,

to fall asleep, Verg. E. 1, 56:

ipse ego paulisper pro te tua munera inibo,

to undertake, id. A. 5, 846:

formam vitae,

to enter upon a course of life, Tac. A. 1, 74:

teque adeo decus hoc aevi, te consule (puer), inibit, Pollio,

he will enter on this golden age during your consulship, Verg. E. 4, 11 Ladew.; cf. Forbig. ad loc.—

v. n. (= incipere), to make a beginning, to begin:

ex ineunte aevo,

Lucr. 5, 859; so,

ineunte vere,

Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 12, 35 fin.:

ineunte aestate,

id. Att. 4, 2, 6:

ab ineunte aetate,

id. de Or. 1, 21, 97:

ab ineunte adulescentia,

id. Div. in Caecil. 2, 4; Nep. Alcib. 2, 2; cf. id. Them. 1, 1 al.

lēgo, āvi, ātum (archaic perf. legassit for legaverit, Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Cic. Inv. 2, 50, 148), 1, v. a. [lex; and therefore qs. lege creare], a publicist's and jurid. t. t.

A publicist's t. t.

To send with a commission or charge, to send on an embassy, send as ambassador; to depute, despatch:

ne hoc quidem senatui relinquebas, ut legati ex ejus ordinis auctoritate legarentur,

Cic. Vatin. 15, 35:

hominem honestum ac nobilem legarunt ad Apronium,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 48, § 114: eos privatae rei causa legari, id. Fam. 3, 8, 4:

juste pieque legatus venio,

Liv. 1, 32:

tres adulescentes in Africam legantur, qui reges adeant, etc.,

Sall. J. 21, 4:

quos Athenienses Romam ad senatum legaverant impetratum, etc.,

Gell. 7, 14, 8.—

Transf. to the commission itself (ante- and post-class.):

quae verba legaverint Rhodii ad hostium ducem,

what they told him through their deputies, Gell. 15, 31 in lemm. —

Beyond the official sphere:

quin potius, quod legatum est tibi negotium, Id curas?

committed, intrusted, Plaut. Cas. 1, 12.—

To appoint or choose as deputy (as the official assistant, lieutenant, of a general or governor):

eum (Messium) Caesari legarat Appius,

Cic. Att. 4, 15, 9:

ego me a Pompeio legari ita sum passus, ut, etc.,

id. ib. 4, 2, 6:

istum legatum iri non arbitror,

id. ib. 10, 1, 4:

ne legaretur Gabinius Pompeio expetenti,

id. de Imp. Pomp. 19, 57:

Dolabella me sibi legavit,

chose me for his lieutenant, id. Att. 15, 11, 4:

Calpurnius parato exercitu legat sibi homines nobiles, etc.,

Sall. J. 28.—

A jurid. t. t.: aliquid, to appoint by a last will or testament, to leave or bequeath as a legacy (class.):

Numitori, qui stirpis maximus erat, regnum vetustum Silviae gentis legat,

Liv. 1, 3: legavit quidam uxori mundum omne penumque, Lucil. ap. Gell. 4, 1, 3:

usumfructum omnium bonorum Caesenniae legat,

Cic. Caecin. 4, 11:

Fabiae pecunia legata est a viro,

id. Top. 3, 14:

cui argentum omne legatum est,

Quint. 5, 10, 62:

in argento legato,

id. 7, 2, 11.—

Aliquid alicui ab aliquo, to leave one a legacy to be paid by the principal heir:

uxori testamento legat grandem pecuniam a filio, si qui natus esset: ab secundo herede nihil legat,

Cic. Clu. 12, 33:

si paterfamilias uxori ancillarum usum fructum legavit a filio, neque a secundo herede legavit,

id. Top. 4, 21; Quint. 7, 9, 5.—Hence,

lēgātus, i, m.

(Acc. to lego, I. A.) An ambassador, legate, Cic. Vatin. 15, 35:

legatos mittere,

id. de Imp. Pomp. 12, 35:

ad senatum legatos de aliqua re mittere,

id. de Or. 2, 37, 155; cf.:

missi magnis de rebus uterque Legati,

Hor. S. 1, 5, 29:

legatos mittere ad indicendum bellum,

Liv. 31, 8; Ov. M. 14, 527.—

(Acc. to lego, I. B.).

An official assistant given to a general or the governor of a province, a deputy, lieutenant, lieutenant-general:

quos legatos tute tibi legasti?

Cic. Pis. 14, 33:

qui M. Aemilio legati fuerunt,

id. Clu. 36, 99:

Quintus frater meus legatus est Caesaris,

id. Fam. 1, 9, 21; id. Off. 3, 20, 79; cf.:

Murena summo imperatori legatus L. Lucullo fuit, qua in legatione duxit exercitum, etc.,

id. Mur. 9, 20; 14, 32:

neque se ei legatum defuturum,

id. Phil. 11, 7, 17; Val. Max. 5, 5, 1:

hiberna cum legato praefectoque tradidisses,

Cic. Pis. 35, 86:

(Calvisius) duos legatos Uticae reliquerat,

id. Phil. 3, 10 fin.:

quaestorius,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 21, § 56; Caes. B. G. 2, 5 fin.:

L. Caesar, cujus pater Caesaris erat legatus,

id. B. C. 1, 8, 2:

magnitudo et splendor legati,

Liv. 38, 58, 9:

in magna legatum quaere popina,

Juv. 8, 172.—

Under the emperors, a governor sent to a province by the emperor, Tac. A. 12, 40; id. Agr. 33; Suet. Vesp. 4; Spart. Hadr. 3 et saep.; cf. legatio, I. B. 2., and Orell. ad Tac. Agr. 9.—

Legati legionum, commanders, Suet. Tib. 19; id. Vesp. 4; cf.:

Caesar singulis legionibus singulos legatos et quaestorem praefecit,

Caes. B. G. 1, 52; Tac. A. 2, 36; id. H. 1, 7.—Also called;

legatus praetorius,

Tac. Agr. 7.—

lēgātum, i, n. (acc. to lego, II.), a bequest, legacy:

legatum est delibatio hereditatis, qua testator ex eo, quod universum heredis foret, alicui quid collatum velit,

Dig. 30, 116:

Hortensii legata cognovi,

Cic. Att. 7, 3, 9:

reliqua legata varie dedit,

Suet. Aug. 101; id. Tib. 48:

legatum peto ex testamento,

Quint. 4, 2, 6:

jus capiendi legata alicui adimere,

Suet. Dom. 8:

cymbala pulsantis legatum amici,

Juv. 9, 62:

legatorum genera sunt quattuor,

Gai. Inst. 2, 192; cf. sqq.

lĕgo, lēgi, lectum ( gen. plur. part. legentum, Ov. Tr. 1. 7, 25), 3, v. a. [Gr. legô, logos, logas, etc.; Lat. legumen, di-leg-ens, neg-leg-o, etc.; cf. Germ. lesen], to bring together, to gather, collect.