-
1 Incipit
-
2 ordior
ordĭor, orsus, 4 ( fut. ordibor for ordiar: non parvam rem ordibor, Att. ap. Non. 39, 22; part. perf. orditus, Sid. Ep. 2, 9; Vulg. Isa. 25, 7), v. dep., lit., to begin a web, to lay the warp; hence, also, in gen., to begin, undertake a thing:I.ordiri est rei principium facere, unde et togae vocantur exordiae,
Fest. p. 185 Müll.; cf. Isid. 19, 29, 7:telam,
Hier. in Isa. 9, 30, v. 1; Vulg. Isa. 25, 7.Lit., to begin to weave a web, to weave, spin:II.araneus orditur telas,
Plin. 11, 24, 28, § 80.—So of the Fates:Lachesis plenā orditur manu,
Sen. Apoc. 4:(Parca) hominis vitam orditur,
Lact. 2, 10, 20.—In gen., to begin, commence, set about, undertake (class.; syn.: incipio, incoho, infit); constr. with acc., de, inf., or absol.(α).With acc.:(β).reliquas res,
Cic. Fam. 5, 12, 2:alterius vitae quoddam initium ordimur,
id. Att. 4, 1:reliquos,
to relate, describe, Nep. Alc. 11, 6:querelae ab initio tantae ordiendae rei absint. Liv. praef. § 12: majorem orsa furorem,
Verg. A. 7, 386.—With de:(γ).paulo altius de re ordiri,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 47, § 105.—With inf.:(δ).ea, de quā disputare ordimur,
Cic. Brut. 6, 22:cum adulescens orsus esset in foro dicere,
id. ib. 88, 301:cum sic orsa loqui vates,
Verg. A. 6, 125:et orsa est Dicere Leuconoë,
Ov. M. 4, 167:tunc sic orsa loqui,
id. ib. 4, 320.—Absol., to begin, commence, set out, take or have a beginning:(ε).unde est orsa, in eodem terminetur oratio,
Cic. Marcell. 11, 33: Veneris contra sic filius orsus, thus began (to speak), Verg. A. 1, 325:sic Juppiter orsus,
id. ib. 12, 806; so commonly with specification of the point from which:unde ordiri rectius possumus quam a naturā?
Cic. Tusc. 5, 13, 37 init.:a principio,
id. Phil. 2, 18, 44:a facillimis,
id. Fin. 1, 5, 13:a capite,
Plin. 25, 11, 83, § 132.—Of things or subjects, to begin, to be begun (where the verb may be taken in pass. sense):tormina ab atrā bile orsa mortifera sunt,
Cels. 2, 8:cum ex depressiore loco fuerint orsa fundamenta,
Col. 1, 5, 9: sed ab initio est ordiendus (Themistocles), i. e. I must begin ( his life) at the beginning, Nep. Them. 1, 2; cf.:ab eo nobis causa ordienda est,
Cic. Leg. 1, 7, 21. -
3 bellum
bellum (ante-class. and poet. duel-lum), i, n. [Sanscr. dva, dvi, dus; cf. Germ. zwei; Engl. two, twice; for the change from initial du- to b-, cf. bis for duis, and v. the letter B, and Varr. L. L. 5, § 73 Mull.; 7, § 49 ib.], war.I.Form duellum: duellum, bellum, videlicet quod duabus partibus de victoria contendentibus dimicatur. Inde est perduellis, qui pertinaciter retinet bellum, Paul. ex Fest. p. 66, 17 Mull.:II.bellum antea duellum vocatum eo quod duae sunt dimicantium partes... Postea mutata littera dictum bellum,
Isid. Orig. 18, 1, 9: hos pestis necuit, pars occidit illa duellis, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 9, 861 P. (Ann. v. 549 Vahl.):legiones reveniunt domum Exstincto duello maximo atque internecatis hostibus,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 35:quae domi duellique male fecisti,
id. As. 3, 2, 13.—So in archaic style, or in citations from ancient documents:quique agent rem duelli,
Cic. Leg. 2, 8, 21:aes atque ferrum, duelli instrumenta,
id. ib. 2, 18, 45 (translated from the Platonic laws):puro pioque duello quaerendas (res) censeo,
Liv. 1, 32, 12 (quoted from ancient transactions); so,quod duellum populo Romano cum Carthaginiensi est,
id. 22, 10, 2:victoriaque duelli populi Romani erit,
id. 23, 11, 2:si duellum quod cum rege Antiocho sumi populus jussit,
id. 36, 2, 2;and from an ancient inscription' duello magno dirimendo, etc.,
id. 40, 52, 5.— Poet.:hic... Pacem duello miscuit,
Hor. C. 3, 5, 38:cadum Marsi memorem duelli,
id. ib. 3, 14, 18:vacuum duellis Janum Quirini clausit,
id. ib. 4, 15, 8; cf. id. Ep. 1, 2, 7; 2, 1, 254; 2, 2, 98; Ov. F. 6, 201; Juv. 1, 169— [p. 227]Form bellum.A.War, warfare (abstr.), or a war, the war (concr.), i.e. hostilities between two nations (cf. tumultus).1.Specifying the enemy.a.By adjj. denoting the nation:b.omnibus Punicis Siciliensibusque bellis,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 47, § 124:aliquot annis ante secundum Punicum bellum,
id. Ac. 2, 5, 13:Britannicum bellum,
id. Att. 4, 16, 13:Gallicum,
id. Prov. Cons. 14, 35:Germanicum,
Caes. B. G. 3, 28:Sabinum,
Liv. 1, 26, 4:Parthicum,
Vell. 2, 46, 2;similarly: bellum piraticum,
the war against the pirates, Vell. 2, 33, 1.—Sometimes the adj. refers to the leader or king of the enemy:Sertorianum bellum,
Cic. Phil. 11, 8, 18:Mithridaticum,
id. Imp. Pomp. 3, 7:Jugurthinum,
Hor. Epod. 9, 23; Vell. 2, 11, 1;similarly: bellum regium,
the war against kings, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 17, 50. —Or it refers to the theatre of the war:bellum Africanum, Transalpinum,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 10, 28:Asiaticum,
id. ib. 22, 64:Africum,
Caes. B. C. 2, 32 fin.:Actiacum,
Vell. 2, 86, 3:Hispaniense,
id. 2, 55, 2.—With gen. of the name of the nation or its leader: bellum Latinorum, the Latin war, i. e. against the Latins, Cic. N. D. 2, 2, 6:c.Venetorum,
Caes. B. G. 3, 16:Helvetiorum,
id. ib. 1, 40 fin.;1, 30: Ambiorigis,
id. ib. 6, 29, 4:Pyrrhi, Philippi,
Cic. Phil. 11, 7, 17:Samnitium,
Liv. 7, 29, 2.—With cum and abl. of the name.(α).Attributively:(β).cum Jugurtha, cum Cimbris, cum Teutonis bellum,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 20, 60:belli causa cum Samnitibus,
Liv. 7, 29, 3:hunc finem bellum cum Philippo habuit,
id. 33, 35, 12:novum cum Antiocho instabat bellum,
id. 36, 36, 7; cf. id. 35, 40, 1; 38, 58, 8; 39, 1, 8; 44, 14, 7.—With cum dependent on the verb:d.quia bellum Aetolis esse dixi cum Aliis,
Plaut. Capt. prol. 59:novi consules... duo bella habuere... alterum cum Tiburtibus,
Liv. 7, 17, 2; esp. with gero, v. 2. b. a infra.—With adversus and acc. of the name.(α).Attributively:(β).bellum adversus Philippum,
Liv. 31, 1, 8:bellum populus adversus Vestinos jussit,
id. 8, 29, 6.—With adversus dependent on the verb: quod homines populi Hermunduli adversus populum Romanum bellum fecere, Cincius ap. Gell. 16, 14, 1: nos pro vobis bellum suscepimus adversus Philippum. Liv. 31, 31, 18:e.ut multo acrius adversus duos quam adversus unum pararet bellum,
id. 45, 11, 8:bellum quod rex adversus Datamem susceperat,
Nep. Dat. 8, 5.—With contra and acc.:f.cum bellum nefarium contra aras et focos, contra vitam fortunasque nostras... non comparari, sed geri jam viderem,
Cic. Phil. 3, 1, 1:causam belli contra patriam inferendi,
id. ib. 2, 22, 53.—With in and acc. (very rare):g. h. k.Athenienses in Peloponnesios sexto et vicesimo anno bellum gerentes,
Nep. Lys. 1, 1.—With dat. of the enemy after inferre and facere, v. 2. a. k infra.—2.With verbs.a.Referring to the beginning of the war.(α).Bellum movere or commovere, to bring about, stir up a war:(β).summa erat observatio in bello movendo,
Cic. Off. 1, 11, 37:bellum commotum a Scapula,
id. Fam. 9, 13, 1:nuntiabant alii... in Apulia servile bellum moveri,
Sall. C. 30, 2:is primum Volscis bellum in ducentos amplius... annos movit,
Liv. 1, 53, 2:insequenti anno Veiens bellum motum,
id. 4, 58, 6:dii pium movere bellum,
id. 8, 6, 4; cf. Verg. A. 10, 627; id. G. 1, 509; so,concitare,
Liv. 7, 27, 5; and ciere ( poet.), Verg. A. 1, 541; 6, 829; 12, 158.—Bellum parare, comparare, apparare, or se praeparare bello, to prepare a war, or for a war:(γ).cum tam pestiferum bellum pararet,
Cic. Att. 9, 13, 3:bellum utrimque summopere parabatur,
Liv. 1, 23, 1; cf. id. 45, 11, 8 (v. II. A. 1. d. b supra); Nep. Hann. 2, 6; Quint. 12, 3, 5; Ov. M. 7, 456; so,parare alicui,
Nep. Alcib. 9, 5:bellum terra et mari comparat,
Cic. Att. 10, 4, 3:tantum bellum... Cn. Pompeius extrema hieme apparavit, ineunte vere suscepit, media aestate confecit,
id. Imp. Pomp. 12, 3, 5:bellum omnium consensu apparari coeptum,
Liv. 4, 55, 7:numquam imperator ita paci credit, ut non se praeparet bello,
Sen. Vit. Beat. 26, 2.—Bellum differre, to postpone a war:(δ).nec jam poterat bellum differri,
Liv. 2, 30, 7:mors Hamilcaris et pueritia Hannibalis distulerunt bellum,
id. 21, 2, 3; cf. id. 5, 5, 3.—Bellum sumere, to undertake, begin a war (not in Caesar):(ε).omne bellum sumi facile, ceterum aegerrume desinere,
Sall. J. 83, 1:prius tamen omnia pati decrevit quam bellum sumere,
id. ib. 20, 5:de integro bellum sumit,
id. ib. 62, 9:iis haec maxima ratio belli sumendi fuerat,
Liv. 38, 19, 3:sumi bellum etiam ab ignavis, strenuissimi cujusque periculo geri,
Tac. H. 4, 69; cf. id. A. 2, 45; 13, 34; 15, 5; 15, 7; id. Agr. 16.—Bellum suscipere (rarely inire), to undertake, commence a war, join in a war:(ζ).bellum ita suscipiatur ut nihil nisi pax quaesita videatur,
Cic. Off. 1, 23, 80:suscipienda quidem bella sunt ob eam causam ut, etc.,
id. ib. 1, 11, 35:judicavit a plerisque ignoratione... bellum esse susceptum,
join, id. Marcell. 5, 13; id. Imp. Pomp. 12, 35 (v. supra):cum avertisset plebem a suscipiendo bello,
undertaking, Liv. 4, 58, 14:senatui cum Camillo agi placuit ut bellum Etruscum susciperet,
id. 6, 9, 5:bella non causis inita, sed ut eorum merces fuit,
Vell. 2, 3, 3.—Bellum consentire = bellum consensu decernere, to decree a war by agreement, to ratify a declaration of war (rare):(η).consensit et senatus bellum,
Liv. 8, 6, 8:bellum erat consensum,
id. 1, 32, 12.—Bellum alicui mandare, committere, decernere, dare, gerendum dare, ad aliquem deferre, or aliquem bello praeficere, praeponere, to assign a war to one as a commander, to give one the chief command in a war:(θ).sed ne tum quidem populus Romanus ad privatum detulit bellum,
Cic. Phil. 11, 8, 18:populus Romanus consuli... bellum gerendum dedit,
id. ib.:cur non... eidem... hoc quoque bellum regium committamus?
id. Imp. Pomp. 17, 50:Camillus cui id bellum mandatum erat,
Liv. 5, 26, 3:Volscum bellum M. Furio extra ordinem decretum,
id. 6, 22, 6:Gallicum bellum Popilio extra ordinem datum,
id. 7, 23, 2:quo die a vobis maritimo bello praepositus est imperator,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 15, 44:cum ei (bello) imperatorem praeficere possitis, in quo sit eximia belli scientia,
id. ib. 16, 49:hunc toti bello praefecerunt,
Caes. B. G. 5, 11 fin.:alicui bellum suscipiendum dare,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 19, 58:bellum administrandum permittere,
id. ib. 21, 61.—Bellum indicere alicui, to declare war against (the regular expression; coupled with facere in the ancient formula of the pater patratus), also bellum denuntiare: ob eam rem ego... populo Hermundulo... bellum (in)dico facioque, Cincius ap. Gell. 16, 14, 1:(κ).ob eam rem ego populusque Romanus populis... Latinis bellum indico facioque,
Liv. 1, 32, 13:Corinthiis bellum indicamus an non?
Cic. Inv. 1, 12, 17:ex quo intellegi potest, nullum bellum esse justum nisi quod aut rebus repetitis geratur, aut denuntiatum ante sit et indictum,
id. Off. 1, 11, 36; id. Rep. 3, 23, 35:bellum indici posse existimabat,
Liv. 1, 22, 4:ni reddantur (res) bellum indicere jussos,
id. 1, 22, 6:ut... nec gererentur solum sed etiam indicerentur bella aliquo ritu, jus... descripsit quo res repetuntur,
id. 1, 32, 5; cf. id. 1, 32, 9; 2, 18, 11; 2, 38, 5; Verg. A. 7, 616.—Bellum inferre alicui (cf. contra aliquem, 1. e. supra; also bellum facere; absol., with dat., or with cum and abl.), to begin a war against ( with), to make war on:(λ).Denseletis nefarium bellum intulisti,
Cic. Pis. 34, 84:ei civitati bellum indici atque inferri solere,
id. Verr. 2, 1, 31, § 79:qui sibi Galliaeque bellum intulissent,
Caes. B. G. 4, 16; Nep. Them. 2, 4; Verg. A. 3, 248:bellumne populo Romano Lampsacena civitas facere conabatur?
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 31, § 79:bellum patriae faciet,
id. Mil. 23, 63; id. Cat. 3, 9, 22:civitatem Eburonum populo Romano bellum facere ausam,
Caes. B. G. 5, 28; cf. id. ib. 7, 2;3, 29: constituit bellum facere,
Sall. C. 26, 5; 24, 2:occupant bellum facere,
they are the first to begin the war, Liv. 1, 14, 4:ut bellum cum Priscis Latinis fieret,
id. 1, 32, 13:populus Palaepolitanis bellum fieri jussit,
id. 8, 22, 8; cf. Nep. Dion, 4, 3; id. Ages. 2, 1.— Coupled with instruere, to sustain a war:urbs quae bellum facere atque instruere possit,
Cic. Agr. 2, 28, 77.—Bellum facere had become obsolete at Seneca's time, Sen. Ep. 114, 17.—Bellum oritur or exoritur, a war begins:subito bellum in Gallia ex, ortum est,
Caes. B. G. 3, 7:aliud multo propius bellum ortum,
Liv. 1, 14, 4:Veiens bellum exortum,
id. 2, 53, 1.—(ante-class. and poet. ), i, n. [Sanscr. dva, dvi, dus; cf. Germ. zwei; Engl. two, twice; for the change from initial du- to b-, cf. bis for duis, and v. the letter B, and Varr. L. L. 5, § 73 Mull.; 7, § 49 ib.], war.I.Form duellum: duellum, bellum, videlicet quod duabus partibus de victoria contendentibus dimicatur. Inde est perduellis, qui pertinaciter retinet bellum, Paul. ex Fest. p. 66, 17 Mull.:II.bellum antea duellum vocatum eo quod duae sunt dimicantium partes... Postea mutata littera dictum bellum,
Isid. Orig. 18, 1, 9: hos pestis necuit, pars occidit illa duellis, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 9, 861 P. (Ann. v. 549 Vahl.):legiones reveniunt domum Exstincto duello maximo atque internecatis hostibus,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 35:quae domi duellique male fecisti,
id. As. 3, 2, 13.—So in archaic style, or in citations from ancient documents:quique agent rem duelli,
Cic. Leg. 2, 8, 21:aes atque ferrum, duelli instrumenta,
id. ib. 2, 18, 45 (translated from the Platonic laws):puro pioque duello quaerendas (res) censeo,
Liv. 1, 32, 12 (quoted from ancient transactions); so,quod duellum populo Romano cum Carthaginiensi est,
id. 22, 10, 2:victoriaque duelli populi Romani erit,
id. 23, 11, 2:si duellum quod cum rege Antiocho sumi populus jussit,
id. 36, 2, 2;and from an ancient inscription' duello magno dirimendo, etc.,
id. 40, 52, 5.— Poet.:hic... Pacem duello miscuit,
Hor. C. 3, 5, 38:cadum Marsi memorem duelli,
id. ib. 3, 14, 18:vacuum duellis Janum Quirini clausit,
id. ib. 4, 15, 8; cf. id. Ep. 1, 2, 7; 2, 1, 254; 2, 2, 98; Ov. F. 6, 201; Juv. 1, 169— [p. 227]Form bellum.A.War, warfare (abstr.), or a war, the war (concr.), i.e. hostilities between two nations (cf. tumultus).1.Specifying the enemy.a.By adjj. denoting the nation:b.omnibus Punicis Siciliensibusque bellis,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 47, § 124:aliquot annis ante secundum Punicum bellum,
id. Ac. 2, 5, 13:Britannicum bellum,
id. Att. 4, 16, 13:Gallicum,
id. Prov. Cons. 14, 35:Germanicum,
Caes. B. G. 3, 28:Sabinum,
Liv. 1, 26, 4:Parthicum,
Vell. 2, 46, 2;similarly: bellum piraticum,
the war against the pirates, Vell. 2, 33, 1.—Sometimes the adj. refers to the leader or king of the enemy:Sertorianum bellum,
Cic. Phil. 11, 8, 18:Mithridaticum,
id. Imp. Pomp. 3, 7:Jugurthinum,
Hor. Epod. 9, 23; Vell. 2, 11, 1;similarly: bellum regium,
the war against kings, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 17, 50. —Or it refers to the theatre of the war:bellum Africanum, Transalpinum,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 10, 28:Asiaticum,
id. ib. 22, 64:Africum,
Caes. B. C. 2, 32 fin.:Actiacum,
Vell. 2, 86, 3:Hispaniense,
id. 2, 55, 2.—With gen. of the name of the nation or its leader: bellum Latinorum, the Latin war, i. e. against the Latins, Cic. N. D. 2, 2, 6:c.Venetorum,
Caes. B. G. 3, 16:Helvetiorum,
id. ib. 1, 40 fin.;1, 30: Ambiorigis,
id. ib. 6, 29, 4:Pyrrhi, Philippi,
Cic. Phil. 11, 7, 17:Samnitium,
Liv. 7, 29, 2.—With cum and abl. of the name.(α).Attributively:(β).cum Jugurtha, cum Cimbris, cum Teutonis bellum,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 20, 60:belli causa cum Samnitibus,
Liv. 7, 29, 3:hunc finem bellum cum Philippo habuit,
id. 33, 35, 12:novum cum Antiocho instabat bellum,
id. 36, 36, 7; cf. id. 35, 40, 1; 38, 58, 8; 39, 1, 8; 44, 14, 7.—With cum dependent on the verb:d.quia bellum Aetolis esse dixi cum Aliis,
Plaut. Capt. prol. 59:novi consules... duo bella habuere... alterum cum Tiburtibus,
Liv. 7, 17, 2; esp. with gero, v. 2. b. a infra.—With adversus and acc. of the name.(α).Attributively:(β).bellum adversus Philippum,
Liv. 31, 1, 8:bellum populus adversus Vestinos jussit,
id. 8, 29, 6.—With adversus dependent on the verb: quod homines populi Hermunduli adversus populum Romanum bellum fecere, Cincius ap. Gell. 16, 14, 1: nos pro vobis bellum suscepimus adversus Philippum. Liv. 31, 31, 18:e.ut multo acrius adversus duos quam adversus unum pararet bellum,
id. 45, 11, 8:bellum quod rex adversus Datamem susceperat,
Nep. Dat. 8, 5.—With contra and acc.:f.cum bellum nefarium contra aras et focos, contra vitam fortunasque nostras... non comparari, sed geri jam viderem,
Cic. Phil. 3, 1, 1:causam belli contra patriam inferendi,
id. ib. 2, 22, 53.—With in and acc. (very rare):g. h. k.Athenienses in Peloponnesios sexto et vicesimo anno bellum gerentes,
Nep. Lys. 1, 1.—With dat. of the enemy after inferre and facere, v. 2. a. k infra.—2.With verbs.a.Referring to the beginning of the war.(α).Bellum movere or commovere, to bring about, stir up a war:(β).summa erat observatio in bello movendo,
Cic. Off. 1, 11, 37:bellum commotum a Scapula,
id. Fam. 9, 13, 1:nuntiabant alii... in Apulia servile bellum moveri,
Sall. C. 30, 2:is primum Volscis bellum in ducentos amplius... annos movit,
Liv. 1, 53, 2:insequenti anno Veiens bellum motum,
id. 4, 58, 6:dii pium movere bellum,
id. 8, 6, 4; cf. Verg. A. 10, 627; id. G. 1, 509; so,concitare,
Liv. 7, 27, 5; and ciere ( poet.), Verg. A. 1, 541; 6, 829; 12, 158.—Bellum parare, comparare, apparare, or se praeparare bello, to prepare a war, or for a war:(γ).cum tam pestiferum bellum pararet,
Cic. Att. 9, 13, 3:bellum utrimque summopere parabatur,
Liv. 1, 23, 1; cf. id. 45, 11, 8 (v. II. A. 1. d. b supra); Nep. Hann. 2, 6; Quint. 12, 3, 5; Ov. M. 7, 456; so,parare alicui,
Nep. Alcib. 9, 5:bellum terra et mari comparat,
Cic. Att. 10, 4, 3:tantum bellum... Cn. Pompeius extrema hieme apparavit, ineunte vere suscepit, media aestate confecit,
id. Imp. Pomp. 12, 3, 5:bellum omnium consensu apparari coeptum,
Liv. 4, 55, 7:numquam imperator ita paci credit, ut non se praeparet bello,
Sen. Vit. Beat. 26, 2.—Bellum differre, to postpone a war:(δ).nec jam poterat bellum differri,
Liv. 2, 30, 7:mors Hamilcaris et pueritia Hannibalis distulerunt bellum,
id. 21, 2, 3; cf. id. 5, 5, 3.—Bellum sumere, to undertake, begin a war (not in Caesar):(ε).omne bellum sumi facile, ceterum aegerrume desinere,
Sall. J. 83, 1:prius tamen omnia pati decrevit quam bellum sumere,
id. ib. 20, 5:de integro bellum sumit,
id. ib. 62, 9:iis haec maxima ratio belli sumendi fuerat,
Liv. 38, 19, 3:sumi bellum etiam ab ignavis, strenuissimi cujusque periculo geri,
Tac. H. 4, 69; cf. id. A. 2, 45; 13, 34; 15, 5; 15, 7; id. Agr. 16.—Bellum suscipere (rarely inire), to undertake, commence a war, join in a war:(ζ).bellum ita suscipiatur ut nihil nisi pax quaesita videatur,
Cic. Off. 1, 23, 80:suscipienda quidem bella sunt ob eam causam ut, etc.,
id. ib. 1, 11, 35:judicavit a plerisque ignoratione... bellum esse susceptum,
join, id. Marcell. 5, 13; id. Imp. Pomp. 12, 35 (v. supra):cum avertisset plebem a suscipiendo bello,
undertaking, Liv. 4, 58, 14:senatui cum Camillo agi placuit ut bellum Etruscum susciperet,
id. 6, 9, 5:bella non causis inita, sed ut eorum merces fuit,
Vell. 2, 3, 3.—Bellum consentire = bellum consensu decernere, to decree a war by agreement, to ratify a declaration of war (rare):(η).consensit et senatus bellum,
Liv. 8, 6, 8:bellum erat consensum,
id. 1, 32, 12.—Bellum alicui mandare, committere, decernere, dare, gerendum dare, ad aliquem deferre, or aliquem bello praeficere, praeponere, to assign a war to one as a commander, to give one the chief command in a war:(θ).sed ne tum quidem populus Romanus ad privatum detulit bellum,
Cic. Phil. 11, 8, 18:populus Romanus consuli... bellum gerendum dedit,
id. ib.:cur non... eidem... hoc quoque bellum regium committamus?
id. Imp. Pomp. 17, 50:Camillus cui id bellum mandatum erat,
Liv. 5, 26, 3:Volscum bellum M. Furio extra ordinem decretum,
id. 6, 22, 6:Gallicum bellum Popilio extra ordinem datum,
id. 7, 23, 2:quo die a vobis maritimo bello praepositus est imperator,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 15, 44:cum ei (bello) imperatorem praeficere possitis, in quo sit eximia belli scientia,
id. ib. 16, 49:hunc toti bello praefecerunt,
Caes. B. G. 5, 11 fin.:alicui bellum suscipiendum dare,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 19, 58:bellum administrandum permittere,
id. ib. 21, 61.—Bellum indicere alicui, to declare war against (the regular expression; coupled with facere in the ancient formula of the pater patratus), also bellum denuntiare: ob eam rem ego... populo Hermundulo... bellum (in)dico facioque, Cincius ap. Gell. 16, 14, 1:(κ).ob eam rem ego populusque Romanus populis... Latinis bellum indico facioque,
Liv. 1, 32, 13:Corinthiis bellum indicamus an non?
Cic. Inv. 1, 12, 17:ex quo intellegi potest, nullum bellum esse justum nisi quod aut rebus repetitis geratur, aut denuntiatum ante sit et indictum,
id. Off. 1, 11, 36; id. Rep. 3, 23, 35:bellum indici posse existimabat,
Liv. 1, 22, 4:ni reddantur (res) bellum indicere jussos,
id. 1, 22, 6:ut... nec gererentur solum sed etiam indicerentur bella aliquo ritu, jus... descripsit quo res repetuntur,
id. 1, 32, 5; cf. id. 1, 32, 9; 2, 18, 11; 2, 38, 5; Verg. A. 7, 616.—Bellum inferre alicui (cf. contra aliquem, 1. e. supra; also bellum facere; absol., with dat., or with cum and abl.), to begin a war against ( with), to make war on:(λ).Denseletis nefarium bellum intulisti,
Cic. Pis. 34, 84:ei civitati bellum indici atque inferri solere,
id. Verr. 2, 1, 31, § 79:qui sibi Galliaeque bellum intulissent,
Caes. B. G. 4, 16; Nep. Them. 2, 4; Verg. A. 3, 248:bellumne populo Romano Lampsacena civitas facere conabatur?
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 31, § 79:bellum patriae faciet,
id. Mil. 23, 63; id. Cat. 3, 9, 22:civitatem Eburonum populo Romano bellum facere ausam,
Caes. B. G. 5, 28; cf. id. ib. 7, 2;3, 29: constituit bellum facere,
Sall. C. 26, 5; 24, 2:occupant bellum facere,
they are the first to begin the war, Liv. 1, 14, 4:ut bellum cum Priscis Latinis fieret,
id. 1, 32, 13:populus Palaepolitanis bellum fieri jussit,
id. 8, 22, 8; cf. Nep. Dion, 4, 3; id. Ages. 2, 1.— Coupled with instruere, to sustain a war:urbs quae bellum facere atque instruere possit,
Cic. Agr. 2, 28, 77.—Bellum facere had become obsolete at Seneca's time, Sen. Ep. 114, 17.—Bellum oritur or exoritur, a war begins:b.subito bellum in Gallia ex, ortum est,
Caes. B. G. 3, 7:aliud multo propius bellum ortum,
Liv. 1, 14, 4:Veiens bellum exortum,
id. 2, 53, 1.—Referring to the carrying on of the war: bellum gerere, to carry on a war; absol., with cum and abl., per and acc., or in and abl. (cf.:(β).bellum gerere in aliquem, 1. a. and f. supra): nisi forte ego vobis... cessare nunc videor cum bella non gero,
Cic. Sen. 6, 18:cum Celtiberis, cum Cimbris bellum ut cum inimicis gerebatur,
id. Off. 1, 12, 38:cum ei bellum ut cum rege Perse gereret obtigisset,
id. Div. 1, 46, 103:erant hae difficultates belli gerendi,
Caes. B. G. 3, 10:bellum cum Germanis gerere constituit,
id. ib. 4, 6:Cn. Pompeius in extremis terris bellum gerebat,
Sall. C. 16, 5:bellum quod Hannibale duce Carthaginienses cum populo Romano gessere,
Liv. 21, 1, 1:alter consul in Sabinis bellum gessit,
id. 2, 62, 3:de exercitibus per quos id bellum gereretur,
id. 23, 25, 5:Chabrias bella in Aegypto sua sponte gessit,
Nep. Chabr, 2, 1.—Sometimes bellum administrare only of the commander, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 15, 43; Nep. Chabr. 2, 1. —Also (very rare):bellum bellare,
Liv. 8, 40, 1 (but belligerantes is absol., Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 1, 12, 38; Ann. v. 201 Vahl.);in the same sense: bellum agere,
Nep. Hann. 8, 3. —As a synonym:bello persequi aliquem,
Nep. Con. 4, 1; cf. Liv. 3, 25, 3.—Trahere or ducere bellum, to protract a war:(γ).necesse est enim aut trahi id bellum, aut, etc.,
Cic. Att. 10, 8, 2:bellum trahi non posse,
Sall. J. 23, 2:belli trahendi causa,
Liv. 5, 11, 8:morae qua trahebant bellum paenitebat,
id. 9, 27, 5:suadere institui ut bellum duceret,
Cic. Fam. 7, 3, 2:bellum enim ducetur,
id. ad Brut. 1, 18, 6; Nep. Alcib. 8, 1; id. Dat. 8, 4;similarly: cum his molliter et per dilationes bellum geri oportet?
Liv. 5, 5, 1.—Bellum repellere, defendere, or propulsare, to ward off, defend one ' s self against a war:c.bellum Gallicum C. Caesare imperatore gestum est, antea tantummodo repulsum,
Cic. Prov. Cons. 13, 32:quod bellum non intulerit sed defenderit,
Caes. B. G. 1, 44:Samnitium vix a se ipsis eo tempore propulsantium bellum,
Liv. 8, 37, 5.—Referring to the end of a war.(α).Bellum deponere, ponere, or omittere, to give up, discontinue a war:(β).in quo (i.e. bello) et gerendo et deponendo jus ut plurimum valeret lege sanximus,
Cic. Leg. 2, 14, 34:(bellum) cum deponi victores velint,
Sall. J. 83, 1:bellum decem ferme annis ante depositum erat,
Liv. 31, 1, 8:nos depositum a vobis bellum et ipsi omisimus,
id. 31, 31, 19:dicit posse condicionibus bellum poni,
Sall. J. 112, 1:bellum grave cum Etruria positum est,
id. H. Fragm. 1, 9 Dietsch:velut posito bello,
Liv. 1, 53, 5:manere bellum quod positum simuletur,
id. 1, 53, 7:posito ubique bello,
Tac. H. 2, 52; cf. Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 93; Verg. A. 1, 291:omisso Romano bello Porsinna filium Arruntem Ariciam... mittit,
Liv. 2, 14, 5.—Bellum componere, to end a war by agreement, make peace:(γ).timerent ne bellum componeretur,
Cic. Fam. 10, 33, 3:si bellum compositum foret,
Sall. J. 97, 2:belli componendi licentiam,
id. ib. 103, 3; cf. Nep. Ham. 1, 5; id. Hann. 6, 2; id. Alcib. 8, 3; Verg. A. 12, 109;similarly: bellum sedare,
Nep. Dat. 8, 5.—Bellum conficere, perficere, finire, to finish, end a war; conficere (the most usual term) and perficere, = to finish a war by conquering; finire (rare), without implying success:d.is bellum confecerit qui Antonium oppresserit,
Cic. Fam. 11, 12, 2:bellumque maximum conficies,
id. Rep. 6, 11, 11:confecto Mithridatico bello,
id. Prov. Cons. 11, 27; cf. id. Fam. 5, 10, 3; id. Imp. Pomp. 14, 42:quo proelio... bellum Venetorum confectum est,
Caes. B. G. 3, 16; cf. id. ib. 1, 30; 1, 44; 1, 54; 3, 28;4, 16: bello confecto de Rhodiis consultum est,
Sall. C. 51, 5; cf. id. J. 36, 1; 114, 3:neminem nisi bello confecto pecuniam petiturum esse,
Liv. 24, 18, 11; cf. id. 21, 40, 11; 23, 6, 2; 31, 47, 4; 32, 32, 6;36, 2, 3: bello perfecto,
Caes. B. C. 3, 18, 5; Liv. 1, 38, 3:se quo die hostem vidisset perfecturum (i. e. bellum),
id. 22, 38, 7; 31, 4, 2; cf. id. 3, 24, 1; 34, 6, 12; Just. 5, 2, 11:neque desiturum ante... quam finitum aliqua tolerabili condicione bellum videro,
Liv. 23, 12, 10: finito ex maxima parte.. [p. 228] italico bello, Vell. 2, 17, 1; Curt. 3, 1, 9; Tac. A. 15, 17; Just. 16, 2, 6; 24, 1, 8; Verg. A. 11, 116.—Less usual connections:3.bellum delere: non modo praesentia sed etiam futura bella delevit,
Cic. Lael. 3, 11; cf. Nep. Alcib. 8, 4:alere ac fovere bellum,
Liv. 42, 11, 5:bellum navare alicui,
Tac. H. 5, 25:spargere,
id. A. 3, 21; id. Agr. 38; Luc. 2, 682:serere,
Liv. 21, 10, 4:circumferre,
Tac. A. 13, 37:exercere,
id. ib. 6, 31:quam celeriter belli impetus navigavit ( = quam celeriter navale bellum gestum est),
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 12, 34; so Flor. 2, 2, 17:bellum ascendit in rupes,
id. 4, 12, 4:bellum serpit in proximos,
id. 2, 9, 4; cf. id. 2, 2, 15:bella narrare,
Cic. Or. 9, 30:canere bella,
Quint. 10, 1, 91:bella legere,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 10, 28.—As object denoting place or time.a.Proficisci ad bellum, to depart for the war.(α).Of the commander:(β).consul sortitu ad bellum profectus,
Cic. Phil. 14, 2, 4; cf. id. Cat. 1, 13, 33:ipse ad bellum Ambiorigis profectus,
Caes. B. G. 6, 29, 4:ut duo ex tribunis ad bellum proficiscerentur,
Liv. 4, 45, 7; cf. id. 6, 2, 9: Nep. Alcib. 4, 1; Sall. H. 2, 96 Dietsch. —Post-class.:in bellum,
Just. 2, 11, 9; Gell. 17, 9, 8.—Of persons partaking in a war:b.si proficiscerer ad bellum,
Cic. Fam. 7, 3, 1. —Ad bellum mittere, of the commander, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 17, 50; 21, 62.—c.In bella ruere, Verg. A. 7, 782; 9, 182:d.in bella sequi,
id. ib. 8, 547.—Of time.(α).In the locative case belli, in war, during war; generally with domi ( = domi militiaeque):(β).valete, judices justissimi, domi bellique duellatores,
Plaut. Capt. prol. 68; so,domi duellique,
id. As. 3, 2, 13 (v. I. supra):quibuscunque rebus vel belli vel domi poterunt rem publicam augeant,
Cic. Off. 2, 24, 85:paucorum arbitrio belli domique agitabatur,
Sall. J. 41, 7:animus belli ingens, domi modicus,
id. ib. 63, 2; Liv. 2, 50, 11; 1, 36, 6; so id. 3, 43, 1; cf.:bello domique,
id. 1, 34, 12:domi belloque,
id. 9, 26, 21; and:neque bello, neque domi,
id. 4, 35, 3.—Without domi:simul rem et gloriam armis belli repperi,
Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 60 (where belli may be taken with gloriam; cf.Wagn. ad loc.): magnae res temporibus illis a fortissimis viris... belli gerebantur,
Cic. Rep. 2, 32, 86.—In bello or in bellis, during war or wars, in the war, in the wars; with adj.:(γ).ad haec quae in civili bello fecerit,
Cic. Phil. 2, 19, 47; cf. id. ib. 14, 8, 22:in ipso bello eadem sensi,
id. Marcell. 5, 14:in Volsco bello virtus enituit,
Liv. 2, 24, 8:in eo bello,
id. 23, 46, 6:in Punicis bellis, Plin.8, 14, 14, § 37: in bello Trojano,
id. 30, 1, 2, § 5.—Without adj.:ut fit in bello, capitur alter filius,
Plaut. Capt. prol. 25:qui in bello occiderunt,
Cic. Fam. 9, 5, 2:quod in bello saepius vindicatum est in eos, etc.,
Sall. C. 9, 4:non in bello solum, sed etiam in pace,
Liv. 1, 15, 8; 2, 23, 2:in bello parta,
Quint. 5, 10, 42; 12, 1, 28.—Abl. bello or bellis = in bello or in bellis (freq.); with adjj.: nos semper omnibus Punicis Siciliensibusque bellis amicitiam fidemque populi Romani secuti sumus. Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 47, § 124:(δ).bello Italico,
id. Pis. 36, 87:Veienti bello,
id. Div. 1, 44, 100:domestico bello,
id. Planc. 29, 70:qui Volsco, Aurunco Sabinoque militassent bello,
Liv. 23, 12, 11:victor tot intra paucos dies bellis,
id. 2, 27, 1:nullo bello, multis tamen proeliis victus,
id. 9, 18, 9:bello civili,
Quint. 11, 1, 36.—With gen.:praesentiam saepe divi suam declarant, ut et apud Regillum bello Latinorum,
Cic. N. D. 2, 2, 6:suam felicitatem Helvetiorum bello esse perspectam,
Caes. B. G. 1, 40.—Without attrib.:qui etiam bello victis regibus regna reddere consuevit,
Cic. Sest. 26, 57:res pace belloque gestas,
Liv. 2, 1, 1:egregieque rebus bello gestis,
id. 1, 33, 9; so id. 23, 12, 11:ludi bello voti,
id. 4, 35. 3:princeps pace belloque,
id. 7, 1, 9:Cotyn bello juvisse Persea,
id. 45, 42, 7:bello parta,
Quint. 5, 10, 15; cf. id. 7, 4, 22; Ov. M. 8, 19.—Inter bellum (rare):4.cujus originis morem necesse est... inter bellum natum esse,
Liv. 2, 14, 2:inter haec bella consules... facti,
id. 2, 63, 1.—Bellum in attributive connection.a.Justum bellum.(α).A righteous war, Cic. Off. 1, 11, 36 (v. II. A. 2. a. th supra):(β).justum piumque bellum,
Liv. 1, 23, 4:non loquor apud recusantem justa bella populum,
id. 7, 30, 17; so Ov. M. 8, 58; cf.: illa injusta sunt bella quae sine causa suscepta sunt, Cic. Rep. 3, 23, 35.—A regular war (opp. a raid, etc.):b.in fines Romanos excucurrerunt, populabundi magis quam justi more belli,
Liv. 1, 15, 1.—For the different kinds of war: domesticum, civile, intestinum, externum, navale, maritimum, terra marique gestum, servile, sociale; v. hh. vv.—c.Belli eventus or exitus, the result of a war:d.quicunque belli eventus fuisset,
Cic. Marcell. 8, 24:haud sane alio animo belli eventum exspectabant,
Sall. C. 37, 9:eventus tamen belli minus miserabilem dimicationem fecit,
Liv. 1, 23, 2; cf. id. 7, 11, 1:exitus hujus calamitosissimi belli,
Cic. Fam. 6, 21, 1:cum esset incertus exitus et anceps fortuna belli,
id. Marcell. 5, 15; so id. Off. 2, 8,:Britannici belli exitus exspectatur,
id. Att. 4, 16, 13:cetera bella maximeque Veiens incerti exitus erant,
Liv. 5, 16, 8.—Fortuna belli, the chances of war:e.adeo varia fortuna belli ancepsque Mars fuit ut,
Liv. 21, 1, 2; cf. Cic. Marcell. 5, 15 (v. c. supra).—Belli artes, military skill:f.cuilibet superiorum regum belli pacisque et artibus et gloria par,
Liv. 1, 35, 1:haud ignotas belli artes,
id. 21, 1, 2:temperata et belli et pacis artibus erat civitas,
id. 1, 21, 6.—Jus belli, the law of war: jura belli, the rights ( law) of war:g.in re publica maxime servanda sunt jura belli,
Cic. Off. 1, 11, 34:sunt et belli sicut pacis jura,
Liv. 5, 27, 6:jure belli res vindicatur,
Gai. Inst. 3, 94.—Belli duces praestantissimos, the most excellent captains, generals, Cic. Or. 1, 2, 7:h.trium simul bellorum victor,
a victor in three wars, Liv. 6, 4, 1 (cf.:victor tot bellis,
id. 2, 27, 1). —Belli vulnera, Cic. Marcell. 8, 24.—B.Transf.1.Of things concr. and abstr.:2.qui parietibus, qui tectis, qui columnis ac postibus meis... bellum intulistis,
Cic. Dom. 23, 60:bellum contra aras et focos,
id. Phil. 3, 1, 1:miror cur philosophiae... bellum indixeris,
id. Or. 2, 37, 155:ventri Indico bellum,
Hor. S. 1, 5, 8.—Of animals:3.milvo est quoddam bellum quasi naturale cum corvo,
Cic. N. D. 2, 49, 125:hanc Juno Esse jussit gruem, populisque suis indicere bellum,
Ov. M. 6, 92.—With individuals:4.quid mihi opu'st... cum eis gerere bellum, etc.,
Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 14:nihil turpius quam cum eo bellum gerere quicum familiariter vixeris,
Cic. Lael. 21, 77:cum mihi uni cum improbis aeternum videam bellum susceptum,
id. Sull. 9, 28:hoc tibi juventus Romana indicimus bellum,
Liv. 2, 12, 11:falsum testem justo ac pio bello persequebatur,
id. 3, 25, 3:tribunicium domi bellum patres territat,
id. 3, 24, 1; cf. Plin. Ep. 1, 2, 57.—Ironically:equus Trojanus qui tot invictos viros muliebre bellum gerentes tulerit ac texerit,
Cic. Cael. 28, 67.—In mal. part., Hor. C. 3, 26, 3; 4, 1, 2.—5.Personified as god of war ( = Janus):6.tabulas duas quae Belli faciem pictam habent,
Plin. 35, 4, 10, § 27:sunt geminae Belli portae, etc.,
Verg. A. 7, 607:mortiferumque averso in limine Bellum,
id. ib. 6, 279.—Plur.: bella, army ( poet.):7.permanet Aonius Nereus violentus in undis, Bellaque non transfert (i.e. Graecorum exercitum),
Ov. M. 12, 24:sed victae fera bella deae vexere per aequora,
Sil. 7, 472:quid faciat bellis obsessus et undis?
Stat. Th. 9, 490.—Battle, = proelium:8.rorarii dicti a rore: qui bellum committebant ante,
Varr. L. L. 7, 3, 92:quod in bello saepius vindicatum in eos qui... tardius, revocati, bello excesserant,
Sall. C. 9, 4:praecipua laus ejus belli penes consules fuit,
Liv. 8, 10, 7:commisso statim bello,
Front. Strat. 1, 11, 2:Actia bella,
Verg. A. 8, 675:ingentem pugnam, ceu cetera nusquam Bella forent,
id. ib. 2, 439; cf. Flor. 3, 5, 11; Just. 2, 12; 18, 1 fin.; 24, 8; Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 98 (form duellum); Ov. H. 1, 1, 69; Verg. A. 8, 547; 12, 390; 12, 633; Stat. Th. 3, 666. —Bellum = liber de bello:b.quam gaudebat Bello suo Punico Naevius!
Cic. Sen. 14, 50.Referring to the carrying on of the war: bellum gerere, to carry on a war; absol., with cum and abl., per and acc., or in and abl. (cf.:(β).bellum gerere in aliquem, 1. a. and f. supra): nisi forte ego vobis... cessare nunc videor cum bella non gero,
Cic. Sen. 6, 18:cum Celtiberis, cum Cimbris bellum ut cum inimicis gerebatur,
id. Off. 1, 12, 38:cum ei bellum ut cum rege Perse gereret obtigisset,
id. Div. 1, 46, 103:erant hae difficultates belli gerendi,
Caes. B. G. 3, 10:bellum cum Germanis gerere constituit,
id. ib. 4, 6:Cn. Pompeius in extremis terris bellum gerebat,
Sall. C. 16, 5:bellum quod Hannibale duce Carthaginienses cum populo Romano gessere,
Liv. 21, 1, 1:alter consul in Sabinis bellum gessit,
id. 2, 62, 3:de exercitibus per quos id bellum gereretur,
id. 23, 25, 5:Chabrias bella in Aegypto sua sponte gessit,
Nep. Chabr, 2, 1.—Sometimes bellum administrare only of the commander, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 15, 43; Nep. Chabr. 2, 1. —Also (very rare):bellum bellare,
Liv. 8, 40, 1 (but belligerantes is absol., Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 1, 12, 38; Ann. v. 201 Vahl.);in the same sense: bellum agere,
Nep. Hann. 8, 3. —As a synonym:bello persequi aliquem,
Nep. Con. 4, 1; cf. Liv. 3, 25, 3.—Trahere or ducere bellum, to protract a war:(γ).necesse est enim aut trahi id bellum, aut, etc.,
Cic. Att. 10, 8, 2:bellum trahi non posse,
Sall. J. 23, 2:belli trahendi causa,
Liv. 5, 11, 8:morae qua trahebant bellum paenitebat,
id. 9, 27, 5:suadere institui ut bellum duceret,
Cic. Fam. 7, 3, 2:bellum enim ducetur,
id. ad Brut. 1, 18, 6; Nep. Alcib. 8, 1; id. Dat. 8, 4;similarly: cum his molliter et per dilationes bellum geri oportet?
Liv. 5, 5, 1.—Bellum repellere, defendere, or propulsare, to ward off, defend one ' s self against a war:c.bellum Gallicum C. Caesare imperatore gestum est, antea tantummodo repulsum,
Cic. Prov. Cons. 13, 32:quod bellum non intulerit sed defenderit,
Caes. B. G. 1, 44:Samnitium vix a se ipsis eo tempore propulsantium bellum,
Liv. 8, 37, 5.—Referring to the end of a war.(α).Bellum deponere, ponere, or omittere, to give up, discontinue a war:(β).in quo (i.e. bello) et gerendo et deponendo jus ut plurimum valeret lege sanximus,
Cic. Leg. 2, 14, 34:(bellum) cum deponi victores velint,
Sall. J. 83, 1:bellum decem ferme annis ante depositum erat,
Liv. 31, 1, 8:nos depositum a vobis bellum et ipsi omisimus,
id. 31, 31, 19:dicit posse condicionibus bellum poni,
Sall. J. 112, 1:bellum grave cum Etruria positum est,
id. H. Fragm. 1, 9 Dietsch:velut posito bello,
Liv. 1, 53, 5:manere bellum quod positum simuletur,
id. 1, 53, 7:posito ubique bello,
Tac. H. 2, 52; cf. Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 93; Verg. A. 1, 291:omisso Romano bello Porsinna filium Arruntem Ariciam... mittit,
Liv. 2, 14, 5.—Bellum componere, to end a war by agreement, make peace:(γ).timerent ne bellum componeretur,
Cic. Fam. 10, 33, 3:si bellum compositum foret,
Sall. J. 97, 2:belli componendi licentiam,
id. ib. 103, 3; cf. Nep. Ham. 1, 5; id. Hann. 6, 2; id. Alcib. 8, 3; Verg. A. 12, 109;similarly: bellum sedare,
Nep. Dat. 8, 5.—Bellum conficere, perficere, finire, to finish, end a war; conficere (the most usual term) and perficere, = to finish a war by conquering; finire (rare), without implying success:d.is bellum confecerit qui Antonium oppresserit,
Cic. Fam. 11, 12, 2:bellumque maximum conficies,
id. Rep. 6, 11, 11:confecto Mithridatico bello,
id. Prov. Cons. 11, 27; cf. id. Fam. 5, 10, 3; id. Imp. Pomp. 14, 42:quo proelio... bellum Venetorum confectum est,
Caes. B. G. 3, 16; cf. id. ib. 1, 30; 1, 44; 1, 54; 3, 28;4, 16: bello confecto de Rhodiis consultum est,
Sall. C. 51, 5; cf. id. J. 36, 1; 114, 3:neminem nisi bello confecto pecuniam petiturum esse,
Liv. 24, 18, 11; cf. id. 21, 40, 11; 23, 6, 2; 31, 47, 4; 32, 32, 6;36, 2, 3: bello perfecto,
Caes. B. C. 3, 18, 5; Liv. 1, 38, 3:se quo die hostem vidisset perfecturum (i. e. bellum),
id. 22, 38, 7; 31, 4, 2; cf. id. 3, 24, 1; 34, 6, 12; Just. 5, 2, 11:neque desiturum ante... quam finitum aliqua tolerabili condicione bellum videro,
Liv. 23, 12, 10: finito ex maxima parte.. [p. 228] italico bello, Vell. 2, 17, 1; Curt. 3, 1, 9; Tac. A. 15, 17; Just. 16, 2, 6; 24, 1, 8; Verg. A. 11, 116.—Less usual connections:3.bellum delere: non modo praesentia sed etiam futura bella delevit,
Cic. Lael. 3, 11; cf. Nep. Alcib. 8, 4:alere ac fovere bellum,
Liv. 42, 11, 5:bellum navare alicui,
Tac. H. 5, 25:spargere,
id. A. 3, 21; id. Agr. 38; Luc. 2, 682:serere,
Liv. 21, 10, 4:circumferre,
Tac. A. 13, 37:exercere,
id. ib. 6, 31:quam celeriter belli impetus navigavit ( = quam celeriter navale bellum gestum est),
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 12, 34; so Flor. 2, 2, 17:bellum ascendit in rupes,
id. 4, 12, 4:bellum serpit in proximos,
id. 2, 9, 4; cf. id. 2, 2, 15:bella narrare,
Cic. Or. 9, 30:canere bella,
Quint. 10, 1, 91:bella legere,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 10, 28.—As object denoting place or time.a.Proficisci ad bellum, to depart for the war.(α).Of the commander:(β).consul sortitu ad bellum profectus,
Cic. Phil. 14, 2, 4; cf. id. Cat. 1, 13, 33:ipse ad bellum Ambiorigis profectus,
Caes. B. G. 6, 29, 4:ut duo ex tribunis ad bellum proficiscerentur,
Liv. 4, 45, 7; cf. id. 6, 2, 9: Nep. Alcib. 4, 1; Sall. H. 2, 96 Dietsch. —Post-class.:in bellum,
Just. 2, 11, 9; Gell. 17, 9, 8.—Of persons partaking in a war:b.si proficiscerer ad bellum,
Cic. Fam. 7, 3, 1. —Ad bellum mittere, of the commander, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 17, 50; 21, 62.—c.In bella ruere, Verg. A. 7, 782; 9, 182:d.in bella sequi,
id. ib. 8, 547.—Of time.(α).In the locative case belli, in war, during war; generally with domi ( = domi militiaeque):(β).valete, judices justissimi, domi bellique duellatores,
Plaut. Capt. prol. 68; so,domi duellique,
id. As. 3, 2, 13 (v. I. supra):quibuscunque rebus vel belli vel domi poterunt rem publicam augeant,
Cic. Off. 2, 24, 85:paucorum arbitrio belli domique agitabatur,
Sall. J. 41, 7:animus belli ingens, domi modicus,
id. ib. 63, 2; Liv. 2, 50, 11; 1, 36, 6; so id. 3, 43, 1; cf.:bello domique,
id. 1, 34, 12:domi belloque,
id. 9, 26, 21; and:neque bello, neque domi,
id. 4, 35, 3.—Without domi:simul rem et gloriam armis belli repperi,
Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 60 (where belli may be taken with gloriam; cf.Wagn. ad loc.): magnae res temporibus illis a fortissimis viris... belli gerebantur,
Cic. Rep. 2, 32, 86.—In bello or in bellis, during war or wars, in the war, in the wars; with adj.:(γ).ad haec quae in civili bello fecerit,
Cic. Phil. 2, 19, 47; cf. id. ib. 14, 8, 22:in ipso bello eadem sensi,
id. Marcell. 5, 14:in Volsco bello virtus enituit,
Liv. 2, 24, 8:in eo bello,
id. 23, 46, 6:in Punicis bellis, Plin.8, 14, 14, § 37: in bello Trojano,
id. 30, 1, 2, § 5.—Without adj.:ut fit in bello, capitur alter filius,
Plaut. Capt. prol. 25:qui in bello occiderunt,
Cic. Fam. 9, 5, 2:quod in bello saepius vindicatum est in eos, etc.,
Sall. C. 9, 4:non in bello solum, sed etiam in pace,
Liv. 1, 15, 8; 2, 23, 2:in bello parta,
Quint. 5, 10, 42; 12, 1, 28.—Abl. bello or bellis = in bello or in bellis (freq.); with adjj.: nos semper omnibus Punicis Siciliensibusque bellis amicitiam fidemque populi Romani secuti sumus. Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 47, § 124:(δ).bello Italico,
id. Pis. 36, 87:Veienti bello,
id. Div. 1, 44, 100:domestico bello,
id. Planc. 29, 70:qui Volsco, Aurunco Sabinoque militassent bello,
Liv. 23, 12, 11:victor tot intra paucos dies bellis,
id. 2, 27, 1:nullo bello, multis tamen proeliis victus,
id. 9, 18, 9:bello civili,
Quint. 11, 1, 36.—With gen.:praesentiam saepe divi suam declarant, ut et apud Regillum bello Latinorum,
Cic. N. D. 2, 2, 6:suam felicitatem Helvetiorum bello esse perspectam,
Caes. B. G. 1, 40.—Without attrib.:qui etiam bello victis regibus regna reddere consuevit,
Cic. Sest. 26, 57:res pace belloque gestas,
Liv. 2, 1, 1:egregieque rebus bello gestis,
id. 1, 33, 9; so id. 23, 12, 11:ludi bello voti,
id. 4, 35. 3:princeps pace belloque,
id. 7, 1, 9:Cotyn bello juvisse Persea,
id. 45, 42, 7:bello parta,
Quint. 5, 10, 15; cf. id. 7, 4, 22; Ov. M. 8, 19.—Inter bellum (rare):4.cujus originis morem necesse est... inter bellum natum esse,
Liv. 2, 14, 2:inter haec bella consules... facti,
id. 2, 63, 1.—Bellum in attributive connection.a.Justum bellum.(α).A righteous war, Cic. Off. 1, 11, 36 (v. II. A. 2. a. th supra):(β).justum piumque bellum,
Liv. 1, 23, 4:non loquor apud recusantem justa bella populum,
id. 7, 30, 17; so Ov. M. 8, 58; cf.: illa injusta sunt bella quae sine causa suscepta sunt, Cic. Rep. 3, 23, 35.—A regular war (opp. a raid, etc.):b.in fines Romanos excucurrerunt, populabundi magis quam justi more belli,
Liv. 1, 15, 1.—For the different kinds of war: domesticum, civile, intestinum, externum, navale, maritimum, terra marique gestum, servile, sociale; v. hh. vv.—c.Belli eventus or exitus, the result of a war:d.quicunque belli eventus fuisset,
Cic. Marcell. 8, 24:haud sane alio animo belli eventum exspectabant,
Sall. C. 37, 9:eventus tamen belli minus miserabilem dimicationem fecit,
Liv. 1, 23, 2; cf. id. 7, 11, 1:exitus hujus calamitosissimi belli,
Cic. Fam. 6, 21, 1:cum esset incertus exitus et anceps fortuna belli,
id. Marcell. 5, 15; so id. Off. 2, 8,:Britannici belli exitus exspectatur,
id. Att. 4, 16, 13:cetera bella maximeque Veiens incerti exitus erant,
Liv. 5, 16, 8.—Fortuna belli, the chances of war:e.adeo varia fortuna belli ancepsque Mars fuit ut,
Liv. 21, 1, 2; cf. Cic. Marcell. 5, 15 (v. c. supra).—Belli artes, military skill:f.cuilibet superiorum regum belli pacisque et artibus et gloria par,
Liv. 1, 35, 1:haud ignotas belli artes,
id. 21, 1, 2:temperata et belli et pacis artibus erat civitas,
id. 1, 21, 6.—Jus belli, the law of war: jura belli, the rights ( law) of war:g.in re publica maxime servanda sunt jura belli,
Cic. Off. 1, 11, 34:sunt et belli sicut pacis jura,
Liv. 5, 27, 6:jure belli res vindicatur,
Gai. Inst. 3, 94.—Belli duces praestantissimos, the most excellent captains, generals, Cic. Or. 1, 2, 7:h.trium simul bellorum victor,
a victor in three wars, Liv. 6, 4, 1 (cf.:victor tot bellis,
id. 2, 27, 1). —Belli vulnera, Cic. Marcell. 8, 24.—B.Transf.1.Of things concr. and abstr.:2.qui parietibus, qui tectis, qui columnis ac postibus meis... bellum intulistis,
Cic. Dom. 23, 60:bellum contra aras et focos,
id. Phil. 3, 1, 1:miror cur philosophiae... bellum indixeris,
id. Or. 2, 37, 155:ventri Indico bellum,
Hor. S. 1, 5, 8.—Of animals:3.milvo est quoddam bellum quasi naturale cum corvo,
Cic. N. D. 2, 49, 125:hanc Juno Esse jussit gruem, populisque suis indicere bellum,
Ov. M. 6, 92.—With individuals:4.quid mihi opu'st... cum eis gerere bellum, etc.,
Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 14:nihil turpius quam cum eo bellum gerere quicum familiariter vixeris,
Cic. Lael. 21, 77:cum mihi uni cum improbis aeternum videam bellum susceptum,
id. Sull. 9, 28:hoc tibi juventus Romana indicimus bellum,
Liv. 2, 12, 11:falsum testem justo ac pio bello persequebatur,
id. 3, 25, 3:tribunicium domi bellum patres territat,
id. 3, 24, 1; cf. Plin. Ep. 1, 2, 57.—Ironically:equus Trojanus qui tot invictos viros muliebre bellum gerentes tulerit ac texerit,
Cic. Cael. 28, 67.—In mal. part., Hor. C. 3, 26, 3; 4, 1, 2.—5.Personified as god of war ( = Janus):6.tabulas duas quae Belli faciem pictam habent,
Plin. 35, 4, 10, § 27:sunt geminae Belli portae, etc.,
Verg. A. 7, 607:mortiferumque averso in limine Bellum,
id. ib. 6, 279.—Plur.: bella, army ( poet.):7.permanet Aonius Nereus violentus in undis, Bellaque non transfert (i.e. Graecorum exercitum),
Ov. M. 12, 24:sed victae fera bella deae vexere per aequora,
Sil. 7, 472:quid faciat bellis obsessus et undis?
Stat. Th. 9, 490.—Battle, = proelium:8.rorarii dicti a rore: qui bellum committebant ante,
Varr. L. L. 7, 3, 92:quod in bello saepius vindicatum in eos qui... tardius, revocati, bello excesserant,
Sall. C. 9, 4:praecipua laus ejus belli penes consules fuit,
Liv. 8, 10, 7:commisso statim bello,
Front. Strat. 1, 11, 2:Actia bella,
Verg. A. 8, 675:ingentem pugnam, ceu cetera nusquam Bella forent,
id. ib. 2, 439; cf. Flor. 3, 5, 11; Just. 2, 12; 18, 1 fin.; 24, 8; Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 98 (form duellum); Ov. H. 1, 1, 69; Verg. A. 8, 547; 12, 390; 12, 633; Stat. Th. 3, 666. —Bellum = liber de bello:quam gaudebat Bello suo Punico Naevius!
Cic. Sen. 14, 50. -
4 coeptō
coeptō —, —, āre, intens, [coepio], to begin eagerly, begin, undertake, attempt: contingere portūs, C. (poet.): appetere ea. quae, etc.: quid coeptas, Thraso? T.: insidias, Ta.* * *coeptare, coeptavi, coeptatus Vbegin/commence (w/INF); set to work, undertake/attempt/try; venture/begin (ACC) -
5 ōrdior
ōrdior ōrsus, īrī, dep. [1 OL-], to begin a web, lay the warp, begin, commence, make a beginning, set about, undertake: unde est orsa, in eodem terminetur oratio: Veneris contra sic filius orsus, thus began, V.: a principio: a facillimis: reliquos, describe, N.: querellae ab initio tantae ordiendae rei absint, L.: bellum Troianum, H.: paulo altius de re: de alquā re disputare: cum sic orsa loqui vates, V.: Dicere, O.: sed ab initio est ordiendus (Themistocles), i. e. must begin with him, N.: ab eo nobis causa ordienda est.* * *ordiri, orsus sum V DEP -
6 incipio
incĭpĭo, cēpi, ceptum, 3 (archaic incepsit inceperit, Paul. ex Fest. p. 107 Müll.), v. a. and n. [in-capio; lit., to seize upon, lay hold of; opp. to desinere; hence, with the accessory idea of action), to begin to do something, to take in hand (syn. incoho; in class. prose, viz. in Cic., only in the tempp. press., while coepi is used in the tempp. perff.); constr. usually with the inf., less freq. absol., with the acc., ab, or adv. of place or time.I.Act.(α).With inf.:(β).ut homines mortem vel optare incipiant vel certe timere desistant,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 49, 117:huic incipio sententiae diffidere,
id. ib. 5, 1, 3:prius quam incipit tinnire,
Plaut. As. 2, 4, 42:bella gerere,
Cic. N. D. 2, 3, 9:leges neglegere,
id. Rep. 1, 43 fin.:queri cum multis incipiunt,
id. Verr. 2, 2, 23, § 56:nimis cito diligere,
id. Lael. 21, 78:amare aliquem,
id. ib. 16, 60:fossas complere,
Caes. B. G. 5, 51, 4:rem frumentariam expedire,
id. B. C. 1, 54, 4:triplicem aciem ducere,
id. ib. 1, 64, 7;2, 30, 1: cum maturescere frumenta inciperent,
id. ib. 6, 29, 4; cf. id. ib. 3, 49, 1:cum primum pabuli copia esse inciperet,
id. B. G. 2, 2, 2; cf.:ictus erat, qua crus esse incipit,
Ov. M. 6, 255; 8, 474; 15, 256:opes pellere dominatione,
Sall. H. 3, 61, 3:si res explicare incipiam,
Nep. Pelop. 1:Bessus agere gratias incipit,
Curt. 5, 12, 1:cenare,
Suet. Aug. 74:promovere scalas,
Tac. A. 15, 4 fin.:si dormire incipis ortu luciferi,
Juv. 8, 11:male quod mulier facere incepit, nisi id efficere perpetrat, etc.... Si bene facere incepit, etc. (shortly afterward, occeperunt),
Plaut. Truc. 2, 5, 12 and 14:satis nequam sum, utpote qui hodie inceperim Amare,
id. Rud. 2, 5, 5.—Absol.:(γ).ut incipiendi ratio fuerit, ita sit desinendi modus,
Cic. Off. 1, 37, 135; cf. Plin. Ep. 9, 4, 1; Sen. Ep. 116:dum incipimus,
Quint. 11, 3, 144:dum deliberamus, quando incipiendum sit, incipere jam serum est,
id. 12, 6, 3:in incipiendo, etc.,
id. 11, 1, 6: ac statim sic rex incipit, thus begins (to speak), Sall. J. 109 fin.; cf.:nec sic incipies, ut scriptor cyclicus olim: Fortunam Priami, etc.,
Hor. A. P. 136:sic incipit, with a foll. direct quotation,
id. S. 2, 6, 79; Ov. M. 9, 281;and simply incipit,
Hor. S. 1, 9, 21:sapere aude, Incipe,
make a beginning, begin, id. Ep. 1, 2, 41; Juv. 4, 34:priusquam incipias, consulto opus est,
Sall. C. 1, 6:turpe inceptu est,
Ter. Phorm. 2, 4, 16:incipientes atque adhuc teneri (pueri),
who are beginning to learn, beginners, Quint. 1, 2, 26:incipiens,
id. 2, 5, 18; 2, 6, 5; 8 prooem. § 1; 3;10, 7, 18: quoties madidum ver incipit,
Juv. 9, 52 al. —With acc. (once in Cic., once in Cæs., v. infra):(δ).facinus audax incipit,
Plaut. Aul. 3, 4, 1:facinus,
Sall. C. 20, 3:pugilatum,
Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 13:iter,
id. Cas. 4, 4, 2:aliquid novi negotii,
Ter. Phorm. 4, 4, 29:bellum (opp. deponere),
Sall. J. 83, 1:tam prava,
id. ib. 64, 2:indigna nobis,
id. H. 2, 41, 8:opus,
Liv. 7, 34, 13:bellum,
id. 21, 21, 6; 26, 37, 9; 42, 43, 3:sementem,
Verg. G. 1, 230:Maenalios versus,
id. E. 8, 21:si id facere non potueris, quod, ut opinio mea fert, ne incipies quidem,
Cic. Planc. 19, 48; Quint. 1, 12, 5:iter mihi incepi,
Plaut. Cas. 2, 1, 16:tantum incepi operis,
id. Men. 2, 3, 80:mandata,
Tac. A. 12, 10; 4, 46:auspicia a parricidio,
Just. 26, 2 init.: multa, Cat. ap. Gell. 16, 14, 2.— Pass.:tanta incepta res est,
Plaut. Capt. 2, 1, 31:nuptiarum gratia haec sunt ficta atque incepta,
Ter. And. 5, 1, 17; 3, 3, 7:si inceptam oppugnationem reliquissent,
Caes. B. G. 7, 17, 6:quia dici extremum erat, proelium non inceptum,
Sall. J. 21, 2:proelium incipitur,
id. ib. 57, 3;74, 2: saxis proelium incipitur,
Tac. H. 5, 17:satis cito incipi victoriam,
id. ib. 2, 25; id. A. 2, 5; 2, 76; 12, 67 fin.:iter inceptum celerant,
Verg. A. 8, 90:inceptumque decurre laborem,
id. G. 2, 39:inceptum frustra summitte furorem,
id. A. 12, 832:deus me vetat Inceptos iambos Ad umbilicum adducere,
Hor. Epod. 14, 7:in re incipiunda ad defendendam noxiam,
Ter. Phorm. 1, 4, 48:in contentionibus aut incipiendis aut finiendis,
Quint. 11, 3, 128:a tantis princeps incipiendus erat,
Ov. F. 5, 570.—With ab or an adv. of place or time:II. (α).a Jove incipiendum putat,
Cic. Rep. 1, 36 (acc. to the Gr. of Aratus, ek Dios archômestha):ab illis incipit uxor,
Juv. 6, 348; Quint. 10, 1, 46:incipiamus ab iis,
id. 9, 2, 6:semper ab excusatione aetatis incipientem,
id. 6, 3, 76:potissimum incipiam ab ea parte,
id. 3, 7, 1:optime manus a sinistra parte incipit, in dextra deponitur,
id. 11, 3, 106:amicitia incepta a parvis cum aetate accrevit simul,
Ter. And. 3, 3, 7.— Pass. impers.:optime incipitur a longis, recte aliquando a brevibus,
Quint. 9, 4, 92.With abl.:(β).tertius sinus Acrocerauniis incipit montibus,
Plin. 4, 1, 1, § 1:censere ut principium anni inciperet mense Decembri,
Tac. A. 13, 10:verbum petere quo incipiant,
Quint. 10, 7, 21.—Absol.:cum ver esse coeperat... cum rosam viderat, tum incipere ver arbitrabatur,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 10, § 27:quoties incipit sensus aut desinit,
Quint. 9, 4, 67:hic annus incipit vicesimus,
Plaut. Capt. 5, 3, 3:narrationis incipit mihi initium,
Ter. And. 4, 2, 26:jam tum inceperat turba inter eos,
id. Eun. 4, 4, 58:tempus erat quo prima quies mortalibus aegris Incipit,
Verg. A. 2, 269:mox Idumaea incipit et Palaestina,
Plin. 5, 13, 14, § 68:epistula, quam incipiente febricula scripseras,
Cic. Att. 7, 8, 2:incipientes curas principis onerari,
Tac. A. 1, 19:incipiens adhuc et nondum adulta seditio,
id. H. 1, 31:incipiens omnia sentit amor,
Ov. A. A. 2, 648:Menander Syracusanus incipientis juventae,
Plin. 8, 5, 5, § 14:incipiente aestate,
id. 27, 13, 109, § 133:trixago incipientibus hydropicis efficax,
id. 24, 15, 80, § 131:quem (honorem) et incipientes principes et desinentes adeo concupis cunt ut auferant,
Plin. Pan. 57.—Hence, in-ceptum, i, n., a beginning, attempt, undertaking (freq. in historians and poets, but not in Cæs.;also rare in Cic.): cujus ego non modo factum, sed inceptum ullum conatumve contra patriam deprehendero,
Cic. Cat. 2, 12, 27:servetur ad imum, Qualis ab incepto processerit (persona),
from the beginning onwards, Hor. A. P. 127: permanere in incepto, Luccei. ap. Cic. Fam. 5, 14 fin.:a quo incepto studioque me ambitio mala detinuerat,
Sall. C. 4, 2:cujus neque consilium neque inceptum ullum frustra erat,
id. J. 7, 6; cf.:ni ea res longius nos ab incepto traheret,
the subject, id. ib. 7 fin.:absistere incepto,
Liv. 31, 26, 5:desistere incepto,
Verg. A. 1, 37:haerere in incepto,
id. ib. 2, 654:peragere inceptum,
id. ib. 4, 452; cf.:perficere inceptum,
Sall. J. 11 fin.:piget incepti,
Verg. A. 5, 678:nunc ad inceptum redeo,
Sall. J. 4, 9; 42, 5:turpe inceptum est,
Ter. Phorm. 2, 4, 16.— In plur.:cupidus incepta patrandi,
Sall. J. 70, 5:juventus Catilinae inceptis favebat,
id. C. 17, 6:incepta mea inpedivit,
id. H. 4, 61, 12; cf.:inceptis annue, diva, meis,
Ov. Am. 3, 2, 56; and:di nostra incepta secundent,
Verg. A. 7, 259:gravia et magna professa,
Hor. A. P. 14. -
7 moventer
mŏvĕo, mōvi, mōtum, 2 ( sync., mōstis for movistis, Mart. 3, 67, 1;I.mōrunt for moverunt,
Sil. 14, 141), v. a. and n. [Sanscr. mīv, set in motion; Gr. ameibô, change; cf.: momentum, mutare].Act., to move, stir, set in motion; to shake, disturb, remove, etc. (syn.: cieo, agito, ago, molior).A.Lit.:2.movit et ad certos nescia membra modos,
Tib. 1, 7, 38:ut festis matrona moveri jussa diebus,
to dance, Hor. A. P. 232: moveri Cyclopa, to represent a Cyclop by dancing (gesticulating), id. Ep. 2, 2, 125:et fila sonantia movit,
struck, Ov. M. 10, 89:citharam cum voce,
id. ib. 5, 112:tympana,
id. H. 4, 48; to disturb:novis Helicona cantibus,
Manil. Astron. 1, 4:signum movere loco,
to move from the place, Cic. Div. 1, 35, 77:os,
Cels. 8, 2:gradum,
i. e. to go forward, advance, Sen. Thyest. 420: se, to move or bestir one's self:move ocius te,
Ter. And. 4, 3, 16:praecepit eis, ne se ex eo loco moverent,
not to stir from the spot, Liv. 34, 20; Caes. B. G. 3, 15: castra, to break up, remove:postero die castra ex eo loco movent,
Caes. B. G. 1, 15;ellipt. without castra: postquam ille Canusio moverat,
Cic. Att. 9, 1, 1:movisse a Samo Romanos audivit,
Liv. 37, 28, 4.— Pass. reflex.:priusquam hostes moverentur,
Liv. 37, 19, 18:hostem statu,
to drive from his position, dislodge, id. 30, 18:aliquem possessione,
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 45, § 116:heredes,
to eject, id. Off. 3, 19, 76:tribu centurionem,
to turn out, expel, id. de Or. 2, 67, 272; so,aliquem de senatu,
id. Clu. 43, 122;the same also without senatu,
Hor. S. 1, 6, 20:senatorio loco,
to degrade, Liv. 39, 42, 6:ex agro,
Cic. Fam. 13, 5, 2:move abs te moram,
remove, cast off, Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 10:consulem de sententiā,
to cause to recede, to dissuade, Liv. 3, 21:litteram,
to take away, Cic. Fin. 3, 22, 74.—Prov.:omnis terras, omnia maria movere,
to turn the world upside down, Cic. Att. 8, 11, 2.—Transf.a.To excite, occasion, cause, promote, produce; to begin, commence, undertake:b.exercitatione sudor movetur,
is promoted, produced, Cels. 2, 17:alvum,
Cato, R. R. 115:dolorem,
id. ib. 7, 4:lacrimas,
to cause, Quint. 6, 1, 26:fletum populo,
Cic. de Or. 1, 53, 228:risum,
id. ib. 2, 62, 281:alicui exspectationem,
id. Att. 2, 14, 1:indignationem,
Liv. 4, 50, 1:misericordiam,
Cic. de Or. 2, 69, 278:suspicionem,
id. Part. 33, 114:ego istaec moveo, aut curo?
begin, commence, Ter. And. 5, 4, 18:bellum,
Cic. Off. 1, 11, 37; Liv. 23, 48, 6:jam pugna se moverat,
was going on, Curt. 8, 14, 6:cantūs,
Verg. A. 10, 163:tantum decus,
begin, Manil. Astron. 1, 42; cf. Verg. A. 7, 45:nominis controversiam,
to begin, Tac. Dial. 25 init.; cf. Cels. 3, 3, § 25; Dig. 37, 10, 4:litem,
ib. 4, 3, 33:actionem,
ib. 19, 1, 10:mentionem rei,
to make mention, Liv. 28, 11, 9:sacra,
Val. Fl. 3, 540:movere ac moliri aliquid,
to undertake any thing that excites disturbance, Liv. 23, 39:ne quid moveretur,
id. 35, 13.—To shake, to cause to waver, to alter:c.alicujus sententiam,
to change, cause to waver, Cic. Att. 7, 3, 6:sententiam regis,
Liv. 35, 42, 6.—To present, offer an oblation:d.ferctum Jovi moveto,
Cato, R. R. 134.—To disturb, concern, trouble, torment one:e.men moveat cimex Pantilius?
Hor. S. 1, 10, 78:Armeniosne movet, Romana potentia cujus Sit ducis?
Luc. 7, 282; cf. Val. Fl. 7, 131. intoleranda vis aestūs omnium ferme corpora movit, Liv. 25, 26:strepitu fora vestra,
Juv. 2, 52.—Of plants, to put forth:f.si se gemmae nondum moveant,
do not yet appear, Col. 11, 2, 26: de palmite gemma movetur, [p. 1169] is produced, Ov. Tr. 3, 12, 13.—To exert, exercise:g.inter principia condendi hujus operis, movisse numen ad indicandam tanti imperii molem traditur deos,
Liv. 1, 55, 3 (cf.:se movere, I. A. supra): artis opem,
Ov. F. 6, 760.—= mutare, to change, transform:h.quorum Forma semel mota est,
Ov. M. 8, 729:nihil motum antiquo probabile est,
Liv. 34, 54, 8.—In mal. part., Plaut. Am. 4, 1, 43.—B.Trop., to move, affect, excite, inspire:II.ut pulcritudo corporis movet oculos et delectat,
charms, Cic. Off. 1, 28, 98:quae me causae moverint,
id. Att. 11, 5, 1:fere fit, quibus quisque in locis miles inveteravit, uti multum earum regionum consuetudine moveatur,
is much affected, influenced, Caes. B. C. 1, 44:aliquem ad bellum,
to stir up, excite, Liv. 35, 12, 5:movet feroci juveni animum conploratio sororis,
stirs his anger, id. 1, 26, 3; cf. id. 21, 38, 3; 23, 31, 11:numina Dianae,
to irritate, provoke, Hor. Epod. 17, 3:multa movens animo,
to revolve, ponder, meditate, Verg. A. 3, 34:moverat plebem oratio consulis,
had stirred, made an impression on, Liv. 3, 20:judicum animos,
Quint. 6, 2, 1:acutule moveri,
keenly affected, Aug. Conf. 3, 7: neque illud me movet, quod, Caes. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 16, A. 2:affectus,
Quint. 6, 1, 7:moveor etiam ipsius loci insolentiā,
Cic. Deiot. 2, 5:nil moveor lacrimis,
Prop. 3, 23, 25 (4, 25, 5):absiste moveri,
be not disturbed, Verg. A. 6, 399:quos sectis Bellona lacertis Saeva movet,
inspires, Luc. 1, 565 (al. monet):ut captatori moveat fastidia,
excites nausea in, Juv. 10, 202.—Neutr., to move itself, move (very rare):A.terra dies duodequadraginta movit,
an earthquake, Liv. 35, 40, 7; 40, 59, 7.—In pass.:reptile quod movetur,
which moves itself, Vulg. Gen. 1, 26 saep.—Hence,mŏvens, entis, P. a., movable (class.): ex eā praedā, quae rerum moventium sit, movable things (as clothes, arms, furniture), Liv. 5, 25, 6:B.voluptas,
that consists in motion, Cic. Fin. 2, 10, 31:furtum rerum moventium,
Gell. 11, 18, 13.— Plur. subst.:quaedam quasi moventia,
motives, Cic. Tusc. 5, 24, 68.—Hence, adv.: mŏventer, movingly, affectingly (late Lat.), Schol. Bob. ad Cic. Mil. 7, n. 4.—mōtus, a, um, P. a., moved, affected, disturbed ( poet. and in post-class. prose):Ithaci digressu mota Calypso,
Prop. 1, 15, 9:dictis,
Ov. Tr. 4, 10, 23:precibus,
Curt. 6, 5, 23. -
8 moveo
mŏvĕo, mōvi, mōtum, 2 ( sync., mōstis for movistis, Mart. 3, 67, 1;I.mōrunt for moverunt,
Sil. 14, 141), v. a. and n. [Sanscr. mīv, set in motion; Gr. ameibô, change; cf.: momentum, mutare].Act., to move, stir, set in motion; to shake, disturb, remove, etc. (syn.: cieo, agito, ago, molior).A.Lit.:2.movit et ad certos nescia membra modos,
Tib. 1, 7, 38:ut festis matrona moveri jussa diebus,
to dance, Hor. A. P. 232: moveri Cyclopa, to represent a Cyclop by dancing (gesticulating), id. Ep. 2, 2, 125:et fila sonantia movit,
struck, Ov. M. 10, 89:citharam cum voce,
id. ib. 5, 112:tympana,
id. H. 4, 48; to disturb:novis Helicona cantibus,
Manil. Astron. 1, 4:signum movere loco,
to move from the place, Cic. Div. 1, 35, 77:os,
Cels. 8, 2:gradum,
i. e. to go forward, advance, Sen. Thyest. 420: se, to move or bestir one's self:move ocius te,
Ter. And. 4, 3, 16:praecepit eis, ne se ex eo loco moverent,
not to stir from the spot, Liv. 34, 20; Caes. B. G. 3, 15: castra, to break up, remove:postero die castra ex eo loco movent,
Caes. B. G. 1, 15;ellipt. without castra: postquam ille Canusio moverat,
Cic. Att. 9, 1, 1:movisse a Samo Romanos audivit,
Liv. 37, 28, 4.— Pass. reflex.:priusquam hostes moverentur,
Liv. 37, 19, 18:hostem statu,
to drive from his position, dislodge, id. 30, 18:aliquem possessione,
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 45, § 116:heredes,
to eject, id. Off. 3, 19, 76:tribu centurionem,
to turn out, expel, id. de Or. 2, 67, 272; so,aliquem de senatu,
id. Clu. 43, 122;the same also without senatu,
Hor. S. 1, 6, 20:senatorio loco,
to degrade, Liv. 39, 42, 6:ex agro,
Cic. Fam. 13, 5, 2:move abs te moram,
remove, cast off, Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 10:consulem de sententiā,
to cause to recede, to dissuade, Liv. 3, 21:litteram,
to take away, Cic. Fin. 3, 22, 74.—Prov.:omnis terras, omnia maria movere,
to turn the world upside down, Cic. Att. 8, 11, 2.—Transf.a.To excite, occasion, cause, promote, produce; to begin, commence, undertake:b.exercitatione sudor movetur,
is promoted, produced, Cels. 2, 17:alvum,
Cato, R. R. 115:dolorem,
id. ib. 7, 4:lacrimas,
to cause, Quint. 6, 1, 26:fletum populo,
Cic. de Or. 1, 53, 228:risum,
id. ib. 2, 62, 281:alicui exspectationem,
id. Att. 2, 14, 1:indignationem,
Liv. 4, 50, 1:misericordiam,
Cic. de Or. 2, 69, 278:suspicionem,
id. Part. 33, 114:ego istaec moveo, aut curo?
begin, commence, Ter. And. 5, 4, 18:bellum,
Cic. Off. 1, 11, 37; Liv. 23, 48, 6:jam pugna se moverat,
was going on, Curt. 8, 14, 6:cantūs,
Verg. A. 10, 163:tantum decus,
begin, Manil. Astron. 1, 42; cf. Verg. A. 7, 45:nominis controversiam,
to begin, Tac. Dial. 25 init.; cf. Cels. 3, 3, § 25; Dig. 37, 10, 4:litem,
ib. 4, 3, 33:actionem,
ib. 19, 1, 10:mentionem rei,
to make mention, Liv. 28, 11, 9:sacra,
Val. Fl. 3, 540:movere ac moliri aliquid,
to undertake any thing that excites disturbance, Liv. 23, 39:ne quid moveretur,
id. 35, 13.—To shake, to cause to waver, to alter:c.alicujus sententiam,
to change, cause to waver, Cic. Att. 7, 3, 6:sententiam regis,
Liv. 35, 42, 6.—To present, offer an oblation:d.ferctum Jovi moveto,
Cato, R. R. 134.—To disturb, concern, trouble, torment one:e.men moveat cimex Pantilius?
Hor. S. 1, 10, 78:Armeniosne movet, Romana potentia cujus Sit ducis?
Luc. 7, 282; cf. Val. Fl. 7, 131. intoleranda vis aestūs omnium ferme corpora movit, Liv. 25, 26:strepitu fora vestra,
Juv. 2, 52.—Of plants, to put forth:f.si se gemmae nondum moveant,
do not yet appear, Col. 11, 2, 26: de palmite gemma movetur, [p. 1169] is produced, Ov. Tr. 3, 12, 13.—To exert, exercise:g.inter principia condendi hujus operis, movisse numen ad indicandam tanti imperii molem traditur deos,
Liv. 1, 55, 3 (cf.:se movere, I. A. supra): artis opem,
Ov. F. 6, 760.—= mutare, to change, transform:h.quorum Forma semel mota est,
Ov. M. 8, 729:nihil motum antiquo probabile est,
Liv. 34, 54, 8.—In mal. part., Plaut. Am. 4, 1, 43.—B.Trop., to move, affect, excite, inspire:II.ut pulcritudo corporis movet oculos et delectat,
charms, Cic. Off. 1, 28, 98:quae me causae moverint,
id. Att. 11, 5, 1:fere fit, quibus quisque in locis miles inveteravit, uti multum earum regionum consuetudine moveatur,
is much affected, influenced, Caes. B. C. 1, 44:aliquem ad bellum,
to stir up, excite, Liv. 35, 12, 5:movet feroci juveni animum conploratio sororis,
stirs his anger, id. 1, 26, 3; cf. id. 21, 38, 3; 23, 31, 11:numina Dianae,
to irritate, provoke, Hor. Epod. 17, 3:multa movens animo,
to revolve, ponder, meditate, Verg. A. 3, 34:moverat plebem oratio consulis,
had stirred, made an impression on, Liv. 3, 20:judicum animos,
Quint. 6, 2, 1:acutule moveri,
keenly affected, Aug. Conf. 3, 7: neque illud me movet, quod, Caes. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 16, A. 2:affectus,
Quint. 6, 1, 7:moveor etiam ipsius loci insolentiā,
Cic. Deiot. 2, 5:nil moveor lacrimis,
Prop. 3, 23, 25 (4, 25, 5):absiste moveri,
be not disturbed, Verg. A. 6, 399:quos sectis Bellona lacertis Saeva movet,
inspires, Luc. 1, 565 (al. monet):ut captatori moveat fastidia,
excites nausea in, Juv. 10, 202.—Neutr., to move itself, move (very rare):A.terra dies duodequadraginta movit,
an earthquake, Liv. 35, 40, 7; 40, 59, 7.—In pass.:reptile quod movetur,
which moves itself, Vulg. Gen. 1, 26 saep.—Hence,mŏvens, entis, P. a., movable (class.): ex eā praedā, quae rerum moventium sit, movable things (as clothes, arms, furniture), Liv. 5, 25, 6:B.voluptas,
that consists in motion, Cic. Fin. 2, 10, 31:furtum rerum moventium,
Gell. 11, 18, 13.— Plur. subst.:quaedam quasi moventia,
motives, Cic. Tusc. 5, 24, 68.—Hence, adv.: mŏventer, movingly, affectingly (late Lat.), Schol. Bob. ad Cic. Mil. 7, n. 4.—mōtus, a, um, P. a., moved, affected, disturbed ( poet. and in post-class. prose):Ithaci digressu mota Calypso,
Prop. 1, 15, 9:dictis,
Ov. Tr. 4, 10, 23:precibus,
Curt. 6, 5, 23. -
9 candēscō
candēscō —, —, inch. [candeo], to become bright, grow white, begin to glisten: aer solis ab ortu, O.: caput canis, Tb.—To begin to glow, grow red hot: currūs candescere sentit, O.* * *candescere, candui, - Vgrow/become light/bright white; begin to glisten/radiate; become (red) hot -
10 cōnfervēscō
cōnfervēscō ferbuī, —, ere, inch. [com- + ferveo], to begin to boil, grow hot.—Fig.: mea cum conferbuit ira, H.* * *Iconfervescere, conferbui, - V INTRANSbecome heated; grow hot; begin to boil (L+S); heal, grow together (bones)IIconfervescere, confervui, - V INTRANSbecome heated; grow hot; begin to boil (L+S); heal, grow together (bones) -
11 inceptō
inceptō —, —, āre, freq. [incipio], to begin, attempt: fabulam, T.—To begin, get into a quarrel: cum illo homine, T.* * *inceptare, inceptavi, inceptatus Vbegin; undertake; attempt -
12 incipiō
incipiō cēpī, ceptus, ere [1 in+capio], to take hold, take in hand, begin: ut incipiendi ratio fuerit, ita sit desinendi modus: Incipe, et consere dextram (i. e. the fight), V.: unde incipiam?: sic rex incipit (i. e. to speak), S.: Incipe, Mopse, prior, V.: sic incipit (with direct quotation), H.: Incipit huic, in answer to, O.: sapere aude, Incipe, H.: priusquam incipias, consulto opus est, S.: novi Negoti (alqd), T.: tam prava, S.: bellum, L.: Maenalios versūs, V.: Nuptiarum gratiā haec sunt facta atque incepta, T.: duobus inceptis verbis: incepta oppugnatio, Cs.: proelium incipitur, S.: iter inceptum celerant, V.: Inceptos iambos Ad umbilicum adducere, H.: In re incipiundā, T.: a tantis princeps incipiendus erat, O.: a Iove incipiendum putat: ab illis incipit uxor, Iu.: unde potius incipiam, quam ab eā civitate?: ante quam dicere incipio: rem frumentariam expedire, Cs.: cum primum pabuli copia esse inciperet, Cs.: effari, V.: dormire, fall asleep, Iu.—To have a beginning, begin, originate, arise: tum incipere ver arbitrabatur: Narrationis incipit mihi initium, T.: incipiente febriculā.* * *incipere, incepi, inceptus Vbegin; start, undertake -
13 inchoō
inchoō āvī, ātus, āre, to begin, commence: signum ab alio incohatum absolvere: initium sedis ab saltu, Ta.: Stygio regi aras, i. e. begins to sacrifice, V.: spem longam, entertain, H.—Of a writer or speaker, to essay to treat, open, begin to discuss, propose: res attigit hic versibus atque incohavit: alqd mihi nuper de oratoribus: nil altum, V.: incohante Caesare de, etc., Ta.* * *inchoare, inchoavi, inchoatus Vbegin/start (work); set going, establish; draft/sketch/outline; enter upon -
14 in-eō
in-eō īvī and iī, itus, īre, to go into, enter: illius domum: urbem, L.: viam, begin a journey: ineunt proscaenia ludi, come on the stage, V.: nemus nullis illud initur equis, O.: in urbem, L.— Fig., to come in, make a beginning, begin: ineunte vere: ineunte adulescentiā.—To enter upon, begin, undertake, engage in: magistratum: consulatum, L.: proelium, S.: somnum, V.: beneficium verbis initum, T.: bellum cum rege Philippo initum est, L.: initā aestate, in the beginning of, Cs.: somnum, to fall asleep, V.: tua munera, undertake, V.: decus hoc aevi, te consule (puer), inibit, will enter on this golden age, V.—With numerus, to go into, enumerate: numerus interfectorum haud facile iniri potuit, L.: numerus inibatur, Cs.—With ratio, to enter into, form, devise: initā subductāque ratione, an estimate: quom rationem ineas, quam, etc., consider, T.: mihi ineunda ratio, quā possim, I must contrive: rationem de re: ad hunc interficiendum talem iniit rationem, plan, N.—With consilium, to engage in, devise, meditate: de summis rebus consilia, Cs.: consilium, form a plan, O.: consilia inibat, quem ad modum, etc., deliberated, Cs.: contra cuius vitam consilium facinoris inisse. —With gratiam, to get into, acquire, obtain: summam ab Caesare gratiam, Cs.: plures ineuntur gratiae, si, etc., the favor of many is gained: apud regcm initam gratiam volebant, L.—With viam, to find out, devise: ineamus viam aliquam, quā decerni possit, etc., L. -
15 orior
orior ortus (p. fut. oritūrus), orīrī (2d pers. or<*> ris; 3d pers. oritur; subj. usu. orerētur, orerentur), dep. [OL-], to arise, rise, stir, get up: consul oriens de nocte, L.—To rise, become visible, appear: stellae, ut quaeque oriturque caditque, O.: ortā luce, in the morning, Cs.: orto sole, at sunrise, H.—To be born, be descended, originate, receive life: pueros orientīs animari, at birth: si ipse orietur et nascetur ex sese: ex concubinā, S.: orti ab Germanis, descended, Cs.—Fig., to rise, come forth, spring, descend, grow, take origin, proceed, start, begin, originate: ut clamor oreretur, was raised, Cs.: ut magna tempestas oreretur, N.: oritur monstrum, appears, V.: quod si numquam oritur, ne occidit quidem umquam, comes into being: orientia tempora Instruit, the rising generation, H.: Rhenus oritur ex Lepontiis, takes its rise, Cs.: Rhenus Alpium vertice ortus, Ta.: prosit nostris in montibus ortas, to have grown, V.: tibi a me nullast orta iniuria, I have done you no injury, T.: ab his sermo oritur, begins with.* * *Iori, ortus sum V DEPrise (sun/river); arise/emerge, crop up; get up (wake); begin; originate from; be born/created; be born of, decend/spring from; proceed/be derived (from)IIoriri, oritus sum V DEPrise (sun/river); arise/emerge, crop up; get up (wake); begin; originate from; be born/created; be born of, decend/spring from; proceed/be derived (from) -
16 sūmō
sūmō sūmpsī, sūmptus, ere [sub+cmo], to take, take up, take in hand, lay hold of, assume: a me argentum, T.: legem in manūs: litteras ad te a M. Lepido consule sumpsimus, have provided ourselves with: Tusculi ante quam Romae sumpta sunt arma, L.: perventum est eo, quo sumpta navis est, hired: pecuniam mutuam, borrow.—To take, eat, drink, consume, enjoy, put on: vinum, N.: Partem Falerni, H.: pomum de lance, O.: sumptā virili togā, put on: regium ornatum, N.— To take in exchange, buy, purchase: decumas agri Leontini: Quae parvo sumi nequeunt, H.—Fig., to take, take up, assume: tantos sibi spiritūs, ut, etc., assumed, Cs.: animum, take courage, O.: sump<*> tis inimicitiis, susceptā causā.— To take up, under take, enter upon, begin: omne bellum sumi facile, to be undertaken, S.: bellum cum Veientibus sumptum, L.: Prima fide vocisque ratae temptamina, O.: Quem virum lyrā sumis celebrare? H.— To exact, inflict, with supplicium or poenam: more maiorum supplicium sumpsit, Cs.: de illā supplicium sumere: virgis supplicium crudelissime sumere: pro maleficio poenam sumi oportere: tam crudelīs poenas, to take such cruel revenge, V.— To take, choose, select: philosophiae studium: hoc mihi sumo, this is my choice: meliores liberos sumpsisse quam genuisse, i. e. to have adopted, S.: materiam vestris aequam Viribus, H.: mala, O.: disceptatorem, L.: Miltiadem imperatorem sibi, N.— To take, assume, claim, arrogate, appropriate: quamquam mihi non sumo tantum neque adrogo, ut, etc.: imperatorias sibi partīs, Cs.: Nec sumit aut ponit securīs Arbitrio popularis aurae, H.: voltūs acerbos, O.: antiquos mores, L.— To take, obtain, get, acquire, receive: distat sumasne pudenter An rapias, H.: laudem a crimine, O.: sumpto rigore, O.— To take, lay out, use, apply, employ, spend, consume: frustra operam, T.: laborem, Cs.: diem ad deliberandum, Cs.: cibi quietisque tempus, L.: curis sumptus, worn out, C. poët.—Of a speaker, to take for granted, assume, maintain, suppose, affirm: id sumere pro certo, quod dubium est: beatos esse deos: pro non dubio, aequius esse, etc., L.— To take, bring forward, cite, mention, adduce: homines notos sumere odiosum est: unum hoc sumo: quid quisquam potest ex omni memoriā sumere inlustrius?* * *Isumere, sumpsi, sumptus Vtake up; begin; suppose, assume; select; purchase; exact (punishment); obtainIIsumere, sumsi, sumtus Vaccept; begin; suppose; select; purchase; obtain; (= sumpsi, sumptum) -
17 coepio
coepĭo, coepi, coeptum, 3 (the tempp. press. only a few times in the ante-class. period, and coepturus, Liv. 30, 5, 6; 42, 47, 3; Quint. 10, 1, 46; Plin. 16, 25, 41, § 98; Suet. Calig. 46; the tempp. perff., both in act. and pass. form, very freq.;I.a trisyl. coëpit,
Lucr. 4, 619 Lachm. N. cr.), v. a. and n. [contr. from co-ăpio = apo; hence coapias for coepias in Cod. Ambros.; Plaut. Trin. 4, 3, 46; v. in the foll., and cf. Lachm. ad Lucr. 2, p. 248], lit. to lay hold of something on different sides, to lay hold of; hence of an action, to begin, commence, undertake ( = incipio, which is the class. pres.).Act.1.Tempp. press.: coepiam seditiosa verba loqui, Cato ap. Paul. ex Fest. p. 59, 10 Müll. lubido extemplo coepere est convivium, Plaut. Pers. 1, 3, 41:2.mage si exigere coepias,
id. Trin. 4, 3, 46 Ritschl N. cr.:neque pugnas neque ego lites coepio,
id. Men. 5, 5, 57:ubi nihil habeat, alium quaestum coepiat,
id. Truc. 2, 1, 23: mane coepiam, Caecil. ap. Non. p. 89, 17: non Prius olfecissem, quam ille quicquam coeperet, Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 43 Fleck.; cf.Neue, Formenl. 2, 616: se Hasdrubalem adgressurum, ceterum non ante coepturum, quam, etc.,
Liv. 30, 5, 6:nos rite coepturi ab Homero videmur,
Quint. 10, 1, 46:nemine opinante quidnam coepturus esset,
Suet. Calig. 46.—Tempp. perff. act.; the object usu. an inf.; so always in Cic. and Cæs.; mostly an inf. act.; rarely pass.; sometimes the acc. of a noun or pronoun.(α).With inf. act.:(β).cum ver esse coeperat,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 10, § 27; Ov. A. A. 1, 615 sq.:discere coepit, Enn. Ann. ap. Fest. s. v. sam, p. 325, 24 Müll. (v. 228 Vahl.): amare coepi,
Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 20:oppugnare,
Caes. B. G. 2, 6:ire foras coeperunt,
Lucr. 4, 531:coeperit inter se vesci, etc.,
id. 5, 72 et saep.—With inf. pass. (in the poets and histt.):(γ).per terrarum orbem fruges coepisse creari,
Lucr. 2, 614:alia hujuscemodi fieri coepere,
Sall. C. 51, 40:cum Lacedaemoniis pugnari coepit,
Nep. Epam. 10, 3; so,urbanus haberi,
Hor. Ep. 1, 15, 27:verti,
id. ib. 2, 1, 149:institui,
id. A. P. 21:moveri,
Ov. M. 3, 106; Suet. Tib. 75:expleri,
id. Caes. 26:eligi,
Tac. H. 1, 16:occidi,
id. ib. 3, 34:prohiberi,
Just. 14, 5, 9: coeptum est fieri, Auct. B. Afr. 69; 78; Liv. 24, 49, 4; 25, 34, 13; 27, 42, 5.—With acc. (rare in prose; cf. B. infra): coepit cursum, Att. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 22, 45:(δ).novam mapalibus urbem,
Sil. 15, 420:cur non ego id perpetrem, quod coepi?
Plaut. Cas. 3, 5, 57:si quicquam hodie hic turbae coeperis,
Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 30:quae coeperamus,
Quint. 6, prooem. 15:hujuscemodi orationem,
Tac. A. 4. 37:(Sabinus) obsidium coepit per praesidia,
id. ib. 4, 39.—Absol.:(ε).nam primum... Non coepisse fuit: coepta expugnare secundum est,
Ov. M. 9, 619:dimidium facti, qui coepit, habet,
Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 40:Titus Livius hexametri exordio coepit,
Quint. 9, 4, 74; cf. id. 9, 4, 117:si coepisset a toto corpore,
id. 9, 4, 23; cf. id. 7, 1, 2; 8, 6, 50:pro vallo castrorum ita coepit (sc. dicere),
Tac. H. 1, 36:Civilis ita coepit,
id. ib. 5, 26; id. A. 1, 41; 2, 37.—With an ellipsis for dicere coepi, to begin to speak:B.ita coepit tyrannus,
Liv. 34, 31, 1; 39, 15, 2:coram data copia fandi, Maximus Ilioneus placido sic pectore coepit,
Verg. A. 1, 521; 6, 372:tum ita coepit: numquam mihi, etc.,
Liv. 28, 27, 1; Tac. A. 1, 41 fin.:ad hunc modum coepit,
id. ib. 2, 37; id. H. 1, 36 fin.; Phaedr. 4, 23, 2.—Pass. in the tempp. perff. and with the inf. pass. (cf. Zumpt, Gram, §II.221): jure coepta appellari est Canis,
Plaut. Men. 5, 1, 18:ante petitam esse pecuniam, quam esset coepta deberi,
Cic. de Or. 1, 37, 168; id. Div. 2, 2, 7; id. Brut. 67, 236; 88, 301; id. Verr. 2, 3, 90, § 209; 2, 5, 4, § 9; id. Fam. 13, 29, 1; id. Att. 3, 15, 5; 6, 1, 3; Liv. 1, 57, 3; 2, 1, 4; 3, 38, 2;9, 7, 7: quae (res) inter eos agi coeptae, neque perfectae essent,
Caes. B. G. 1, 47; 4, 18:bello premi sunt coepti,
Nep. Timoth. 3, 1; Cat. 95, 2.—With inf. act.:mitescere discordiae intestinae coeptae,
Liv. 5, 17, 10; cf. Weissenb. ad loc.— Hence, coeptus, a, um, Part., begun, commenced, undertaken. consilium fraude coeptum, Liv. 35, 36, 5:coeptum atque patratum bellum foret,
Sall. J. 21, 2:jussis Carmina coepta tuis,
Verg. E. 8, 12; so,coepti fiducia belli,
id. A. 2, 162; Liv. 35, 23, 1:amor,
Ov. H. 17, 189:iter,
id. F. 1, 188:arma,
Tac. H. 2, 6; 4, 61:coeptam deinde omissam actionem repetere,
id. ib. 4,44:dies,
id. A. 4, 25 (cf. infra II.):luce,
id. ib. 1, 65;15, 55: nocte,
id. ib. 2, 13:hieme,
id. ib. 12, 31. —Hence, subst.: coeptum, i, n., a work begun, a beginning, undertaking (most freq. after the Aug. per. and in the plur.; perh. never in Cic.;also not in Hor.): ut repetam coeptum pertexere dictis,
Lucr. 1, 418:nec taedia coepti Ulla mei capiam,
Ov. M. 9, 616:coepti paenitentia,
Quint. 12, 5, 3; Suet. Oth. 5:manus ultima coepto Defuit,
Ov. Tr. 2, 555: ne audaci coepto deessent; Liv. 42, 59, 7; cf. Verg. G. 1, 40:feroci,
Sil. 11, 202.—With adv.:bene coepto,
Liv. 45, 15, 7:bene coepta,
Vell. 2, 14; and:temere coepta,
Liv. 36, 15, 2.— Plur.:coeptis meis,
Ov. M. 1, 2:nostris,
id. ib. 9, 486:immanibus,
Verg. A. 4, 642 al. —Without adj., Ov. M. 8, 67; 8, 463; Liv. 23, 35, 16; 23, 41, 4; 24, 13, 4; Tac. H. 2, 85; 3, 52; Suet. Ner. 34; id. Vesp. 6 et saep.—Neutr., to begin, take a beginning, commence, originate, arise (most freq. since the Aug. per.; not in Cic.): neve inde navis incohandae exordium coepisset, Enn. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 22, 34 (Trag. Rel. v. 282 Vahl.):sic odium coepit glandis,
Lucr. 5, 1416:post, ubi silentium coepit... verba facit, etc.,
Sall. J. 33, 4:cum primum deditio coepit,
id. ib. 62, 7:ubi dies coepit,
id. ib. 91, 4 (cf. supra, I. 2. d):vere coepturo,
Plin. 16, 25, 41, § 98:postquam apud Cadmiam pugna coepit,
Nep. Epam. 10, 3; so,pugna,
Liv. 2, 6, 10; Quint. 2, 4, 42; 9, 4, 50; cf. id. 9, 4, 55:quando coeperit haec ars,
id. 2, 17, 8:obsidium coepit per praesidia,
Tac. A. 4, 49:a quo jurgium coepit,
Quint. 5, 10, 72; so with ab, Tac. H. 2, 47; and with ex, id. A. 15, 54 and 68; cf.:quibus, uti mihi, ex virtute nobilitas coepit,
Sall. J. 85, 17. -
18 coepto
coepto, āvi, ātum, 1, v. freq. a. and n. [coepio] (mostly poet., and in Tac.; in Cic. in prose only once, apparently for a change with coepit and incipit).I. a.With inf.:b.diffidere dictis,
Lucr. 1, 267:oculi coeptant non posse tueri,
id. 4, 113; 4, 405; 6, 255:contingere portus,
Cic. Arat. 131:appetere ea, quae, etc.,
id. Fin. 5, 9, 24 (v. the passage in connection):coercere seditionem,
Tac. H. 2, 29:loqui,
id. ib. 3, 10; 3, 81; 5, 10: discedere et abire, * Suet. Oth. 11; Sil. 15, 696.—With acc.:II.quid coeptas, Thraso?
Ter. Eun. 5, 7, 1; id. Phorm. 4, 3, 21; and (acc. to Bentley's correction) id. Heaut. 4, 4, 12:seditionem,
Tac. A. 1, 38; 1, 45; 2, 81:defectionem,
id. ib. 4, 24:fugam,
id. H. 3, 73:pontem,
id. A. 1, 56:coeptata libertas,
id. H. 4, 44.—Intr., to begin, commence, make a beginning (only post-Aug. and rare):coeptantem conjurationem disjecit,
Tac. A. 4, 27; id. H. 3, 4:Olympiade septimā coeptante,
Sol. 1:nocte coeptante,
Amm. 20, 4, 14. -
19 incohate
incoho (better than inchŏo, Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 95; cf. Corss. Ausspr. 1, 109; Cic. Rep. 1, 35 Mai.; 3, 2; Front. p. 154 Rom.; Marin. Fratr. Arv. p. 363; Bramb. p. 291 sq.), āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. and n. [for in-coco; from in and Sanscr. root kuk-, to take, grasp].I.Act., to lay the foundation of a thing, to begin, commence (syn. incipere; opp. absolvere, perficere; class.).A.In gen.(α).With acc.:(β).ut Phidias potest a primo instituere signum idque perficere, potest ab alio incohatum accipere et absolvere,
Cic. Fin. 4, 13, 34; cf.:ut nemo pictor esset inventus, qui Coae Veneris eam partem, quam Apelles incohatam reliquisset, absolveret,
id. Off. 3, 2, 9; 3, 7, 33:statuam,
Quint. 2, 1, 12:res in animis nostris,
Cic. Leg. 1, 16, 44:quas res nos in consulatu nostro gessimus, attigit hic versibus atque incohavit,
id. Arch. 11, 28:philosophiam multis locis incohasti,
id. Ac. 1, 3, 9:quod mihi nuper in Tusculano incohasti de oratoribus,
id. Brut. 5, 20:quod hic liber incohat,
Quint. 3, 1, 2:hanc materiam,
id. 4 praef. §5: abrupto, quem incohaverat, sermone,
id. 4, 3, 13:esse videatur octonarium incohat,
id. 9, 4, 73:referamus nos igitur ad eum, quem volumus incohandum et eloquentia informandum,
Cic. Or. 9, 33:Favonius ver incohans,
Plin. 16, 25, 39, § 94:incohandae vindemiae dies,
id. 11, 14, 14, § 35:pulcherrimum facinus,
Curt. 6, 7:tum Stygio regi nocturnas incohat aras,
i. e. begins to sacrifice, Verg. A. 6, 252:reges plures incohantur, ne desint,
are chosen, Plin. 11, 16, 16, § 51.—With inf.:B.quam si mens fieri proponit et incohat ipsa,
Lucr. 3, 183; Luc. 10, 174; Pall. Dec. 2.—In partic., pregn. in the part. perf.: incŏhātus, a, um, only begun (opp. to finished, completed), unfinished, incomplete, imperfect (mostly Ciceron.):II. A.ne hanc incohatam transigam comoediam,
Plaut. Am. 3, 1, 8:qui exaedificaret suam incohatam ignaviam,
id. Trin. 1, 2, 95:quae adulescentulis nobis ex commentariolis nostris incohata ac rudia exciderunt,
Cic. de Or. 1, 2, 5:cognitio manca atque incohata,
id. Off. 1, 43, 153:incohatum quiddam et confusum,
id. Rep. 3, 2:rem tam praeclaram incohatam relinquere,
id. N. D. 1, 20, 56; cf. id. Rep. 1, 35:perfecta anteponuntur incohatis,
id. Top. 18, 69; cf.:hoc incohati cujusdam officii est, non perfecti,
id. Fin. 4, 6, 15.—In gen. (post-class.):* B.moris est, ut munus hujusmodi a proficiscentibus incohat,
Symm. Ep. 7, 75:incohante mense,
Pall. Febr. 25, 20 and 33.—In partic., like infit, to begin to speak:post longa silentia rursus Incohat Ismene,
Stat. Th. 8, 623. — Hence, incōhātē, adv., incipiently, incompletely, Aug. Gen. ad Lit. 6, 11. -
20 incohatus
incoho (better than inchŏo, Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 95; cf. Corss. Ausspr. 1, 109; Cic. Rep. 1, 35 Mai.; 3, 2; Front. p. 154 Rom.; Marin. Fratr. Arv. p. 363; Bramb. p. 291 sq.), āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. and n. [for in-coco; from in and Sanscr. root kuk-, to take, grasp].I.Act., to lay the foundation of a thing, to begin, commence (syn. incipere; opp. absolvere, perficere; class.).A.In gen.(α).With acc.:(β).ut Phidias potest a primo instituere signum idque perficere, potest ab alio incohatum accipere et absolvere,
Cic. Fin. 4, 13, 34; cf.:ut nemo pictor esset inventus, qui Coae Veneris eam partem, quam Apelles incohatam reliquisset, absolveret,
id. Off. 3, 2, 9; 3, 7, 33:statuam,
Quint. 2, 1, 12:res in animis nostris,
Cic. Leg. 1, 16, 44:quas res nos in consulatu nostro gessimus, attigit hic versibus atque incohavit,
id. Arch. 11, 28:philosophiam multis locis incohasti,
id. Ac. 1, 3, 9:quod mihi nuper in Tusculano incohasti de oratoribus,
id. Brut. 5, 20:quod hic liber incohat,
Quint. 3, 1, 2:hanc materiam,
id. 4 praef. §5: abrupto, quem incohaverat, sermone,
id. 4, 3, 13:esse videatur octonarium incohat,
id. 9, 4, 73:referamus nos igitur ad eum, quem volumus incohandum et eloquentia informandum,
Cic. Or. 9, 33:Favonius ver incohans,
Plin. 16, 25, 39, § 94:incohandae vindemiae dies,
id. 11, 14, 14, § 35:pulcherrimum facinus,
Curt. 6, 7:tum Stygio regi nocturnas incohat aras,
i. e. begins to sacrifice, Verg. A. 6, 252:reges plures incohantur, ne desint,
are chosen, Plin. 11, 16, 16, § 51.—With inf.:B.quam si mens fieri proponit et incohat ipsa,
Lucr. 3, 183; Luc. 10, 174; Pall. Dec. 2.—In partic., pregn. in the part. perf.: incŏhātus, a, um, only begun (opp. to finished, completed), unfinished, incomplete, imperfect (mostly Ciceron.):II. A.ne hanc incohatam transigam comoediam,
Plaut. Am. 3, 1, 8:qui exaedificaret suam incohatam ignaviam,
id. Trin. 1, 2, 95:quae adulescentulis nobis ex commentariolis nostris incohata ac rudia exciderunt,
Cic. de Or. 1, 2, 5:cognitio manca atque incohata,
id. Off. 1, 43, 153:incohatum quiddam et confusum,
id. Rep. 3, 2:rem tam praeclaram incohatam relinquere,
id. N. D. 1, 20, 56; cf. id. Rep. 1, 35:perfecta anteponuntur incohatis,
id. Top. 18, 69; cf.:hoc incohati cujusdam officii est, non perfecti,
id. Fin. 4, 6, 15.—In gen. (post-class.):* B.moris est, ut munus hujusmodi a proficiscentibus incohat,
Symm. Ep. 7, 75:incohante mense,
Pall. Febr. 25, 20 and 33.—In partic., like infit, to begin to speak:post longa silentia rursus Incohat Ismene,
Stat. Th. 8, 623. — Hence, incōhātē, adv., incipiently, incompletely, Aug. Gen. ad Lit. 6, 11.
См. также в других словарях:
BEGIN (M.) — BEGIN MENAHEM (1913 1992) Sixième Premier ministre de l’État d’Israël, Menahem Begin est né à Brest Litovsk le 16 août 1913. La ville que les juifs appelaient Brisk, aujourd’hui biélorusse, était alors polonaise. Durant toute sa vie, Begin est… … Encyclopédie Universelle
Begin — may refer to:in people: *Benny Begin (born 1943), Israeli politician *Floyd Lawrence Begin (1902 1977), American Roman Catholic bishop *Johanne Bégin (born 1971), Canadian water polo player *Joseph Damase Bégin (1900 1977), Canadian politician… … Wikipedia
Bégin — Localisation de Bégin dans la MRC Le Fjord du Saguenay Administration Pays … Wikipédia en Français
begin — begin, commence, start, initiate, inaugurate are comparable when they mean to set something going or in progress or to take the first step in a course, process, or operation. Begin, commence, and start are also used intransitively with the… … New Dictionary of Synonyms
begin — (v.) O.E. beginnan to begin, attempt, undertake, a rare word beside the more usual form onginnan (class III strong verb; past tense ongann, pp. ongunnen); from bi (see BE (Cf. be )) + W.Gmc. *ginnan, of obscure meaning and found only in compounds … Etymology dictionary
begin — [bē gin′, bigin′] vi. began, begun, beginning [ME biginnen < OE beginnan; akin to Ger beginnen, Goth duginnan] 1. to start doing, acting, going, etc.; get under way 2. to come into being; arise 3. to have a first part or element [the Bible… … English World dictionary
Begin — bezeichnet: Menachem Begin israelischer Politiker Begin (Band), eine japanische Rockband Bégin, einen Familiennamen Diese Seite ist eine Begriffsklärung zur Unterscheidung mehrerer mit demselben … Deutsch Wikipedia
Bégin — ist der Familienname folgender Personen: Louis Nazaire Bégin (1840–1925), Erzbischof von Québec René Bégin (* 1912), kanadischer Politiker (Liberal Party) Steve Bégin (* 1977), kanadischer Eishockeyspieler Diese Seite ist … Deutsch Wikipedia
Begin — Be*gin , v. i. [imp. & p. p. {Began}, {Begun}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Beginning}.] [AS. beginnan (akin to OS. biginnan, D. & G. beginnen, OHG. biginnan, Goth., du ginnan, Sw. begynna, Dan. begynde); pref. be + an assumed ginnan. [root]31. See {Gin} to… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
begin — ► VERB (beginning; past began; past part. begun) 1) perform or undergo the first part of (an action or activity). 2) come into being. 3) have as its starting point. 4) (begin on/upon) set to work on. 5 … English terms dictionary
Begin — Be*gin , v. t. 1. To enter on; to commence. [1913 Webster] Ye nymphs of Solyma ! begin the song. Pope. [1913 Webster] 2. To trace or lay the foundation of; to make or place a beginning of. [1913 Webster] The apostle begins our knowledge in the… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English