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1 ἔσχατος
A like ἔγ-κατα):I of Space, as always in Hom., farthest, uttermost, extreme, θάλαμος ἔ. the hindmost chamber, Od.21.9 ; at the end of the lines,Il.
10.434, cf.8.225 ; ἔσχατοι ἀνδρῶν, of the Aethiopians, Od.1.23 ;οἰκέομεν..ἔσχατοι 6.205
;ἐσχάτη τῶν οἰκεομένων ἡ Ἰνδική Hdt.3.106
, cf. Th.2.96, etc.;τὸ ἔ. τῆς ἀγορᾶς X.HG3.3.5
;ὑπ'..ἐσχάτην στήλην S.El. 720
; τάξις ἐ. the farthest part of the army, Id.Aj.4 : pl.,ἔσχατα γαίης Hes.Th. 731
;τὰ ἔ. τῶν στρατοπέδων Th.4.96
;ἐπ' ἔσχατα χθονός S.Fr. 956
;αἱ ἐπ' ἔσχατα τοῦ ἄστεως οἰκίαι Th.8.95
; ἐξ ἐσχάτων ἐς ἔσχατα ἀπικέσθαι from end to end, Hdt.7.100, cf. X.Vect.1.6 ;παρ' ἔσχατα λίμνης Pl.Phd. 113b
, cf. Th.3.106:—in various senses, uppermost,ἐ. πυρά S.El. 900
; lowest, deepest,ἀΐδας Theoc.16.52
;ἅλς AP13.27
(Phal.) ; innermost, ; last, hindmost,ἤλαυνε δ' ἔ. Id.El. 734
; ἐπ' ἐσχάτῳ at the close of a document, PTeb.68.54 (ii B.C.), etc.2 of Degree, uttermost, highest,τὸ ἔ. κορυφοῦται βασιλεῦσι Pi.O.1.113
;ἀνορέαι ἔ. Id.I.4(3).11
;σοφία Lib.Or.59.88
; of misfortunes, sufferings, etc., utmost, last, worst, πόνος, ἀδικία, κίνδυνοι, Pl.Phdr. 247b, R. 361a, Grg. 511d ;ὀδύναι αἱ ἔ. Id.Prt. 354b
; δῆμος ἔ. extreme democracy, Arist.Pol. 1296a2.b Subst., τὸ ἔ., τὰ ἔ., the utmost,ἐς τὸ ἔ. κακοῦ ἀπιγμένοι Hdt.8.52
;τετρῦσθαι ἐς τὸ ἔ. κακοῦ Id.1.22
; without Art.,ἐπ' ἔσχατα βαίνεις S. OC 217
(lyr.) ;προβᾶσ' ἐπ' ἔσχατον θράσους Id.Ant. 853
(lyr.) ;ἐπ' ἔ. ἐλθεῖν ἀηδίας Pl.Phdr. 240d
, cf. R. 361d, etc.;ὃ πάντων κακῶν ἔσχατόν ἐστι, τοῦτο πάσχει Id.Phd. 83c
;οἱ τὰ ἔ. πεποιηκότες X.Cyr.8.8.2
; ζημιοῦσθαι πᾶσι τοῖς ἐ., Lat. extremis suppliciis, Pl.Plt. 297e ; ἔσχατ' ἐσχάτων κακά worst of possible evils, S.Ph.65, cf. Philem.178 ;εἰς τὰ ἔ. ἐληλυθώς UPZ60.12
(ii B.C.) : [comp] Comp.οὔτε γὰρ τοῦ ἐσχάτου -ώτερον εἴη ἄν τι Arist.Metaph. 1055a20
: [comp] Sup. - ώτατος f.l. in X.HG2.3.49, cf. Phryn.51 ;τὰ -ώτατα Phld.Hom.p.320
.3 of Persons, lowest, meanest, D.S.8.18, D.C.42.5, Alciphr.3.43 : prov., οὐδείς, οὐδ' ὁ Μυσῶν ἔ., i.e. the meanest of mankind, Magnes 5, cf. Philem.77 ; in Pl.Tht. 209b it seems to mean the remotest of mankind, cf. πρὸς ἐσχάτην Μυσῶν v.l. in App.Prov.2.85 (παρὰ τοῖς ἐ. τῆς Μυσίας Apostol.8.1
); similarlyοὐδὲ τὸν ἔσχατον Καρῶν Plu.2.871b
.4 of Time, last, ἐς τὸ ἔ. to the end, Hdt.7.107, Th.3.46; ἔ. πλόος, ναυτιλίαι, the end of it, Pi.P.10.28, N.3.22 ; ἐσχάτας ὑπὲρ ῥίζας over the last scion of the race, S.Ant. 599 (lyr.); ἔ. Ἑλλήνων, Ῥωμαίων, Plu.Phil.1, Brut.44 : neut. ἔσχατον, as Adv., for the last time, S.OC 1550 ; finally, best of all, 1 Ep.Cor.15.8; at the latest,ἔ. ἐν τρισὶ μησίν SIG1219.11
(Gambreion, iii B. C.), cf. Inscr.Prien.4.45 (iv B. C.); εἰς τὴν ἐσχάτην at the last, LXXEc.1.11 ; ἐπ' ἐσχάτῳ ib.2 Ki.24.25, al.: Subst. ἐσχάτη, ἡ, end,οὐχ ἕξεις ἐ. καλήν Astramps.Orac.21.4
, cf. 40.3.5 in the Logic of Arist., τὰ ἔ. are the last or lowest species, Metaph.1059b26, or individuals, ib.998b16, cf. AP0.96b12, al.;τὸ ἔ. ἄτομον Metaph.1058b10
.II Adv. - τως to the uttermost, exceedingly,πῦρ ἐ. καίει Hp. de Arte8
;ἐ. διαμάχεσθαι Arist.HA 613a11
;ἐ. φιλοπόλεμος X.An.2.6.1
;φοβοῦμαί σ' ἐ. Men.912
, cf. Epicur.Ep. 1p.31U.b - τως διακεῖσθαι to be at the last extremity, Plb.1.24.2, D.S.18.48 ;ἔχειν Ev.Marc.5.23
;ἀπορεῖν Phld.Oec.p.72J.
Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἔσχατος
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2 κραίνω
Aκρᾰνέω Emp.111.2
; [dialect] Att. [var] contr. , E. Supp. 375 [ κρᾱνῶ in compd. codd., nisi leg. - κράνῃ vel - κραίνει]: [tense] aor. ἔκρᾱνα ib. 369; [dialect] Ep. and [dialect] Ion. ἔκρηνα, inf. κρῆναι, Od.5.170, Herod.7.69 (dub.):—[voice] Med., [tense] fut. inf. in pass. senseκρᾰνέεσθαι Il.9.626
: [tense] aor.ἐπ-εκρήναντο Q.S.14.297
:—[voice] Pass., [tense] fut.κρανθήσομαι A.Pr. 911
: [tense] aor.ἐκράνθην Pi.P.4.175
, E.Hec. 219: κέκρανται [ per.] 3sg. [tense] pf. [voice] Pass., A.Supp. 943, also [ per.] 3pl., E.Hipp. 1255 (sed leg. συμφορά).—Hom. (v. infr.) mostly uses the [dialect] Ep. [tense] pres. κραιαίνω, [tense] impf. ἐκραίαινεν, [tense] aor. imper. κρήηνον, κρηήνατε, inf. κρηῆναι: [ per.] 3sg. [tense] pf. [voice] Pass.ἐπι-κεκράανται Od.4.616
: [tense] plpf. ἐπι-κεκράαντο ib. 132: [tense] aor.ἐκρᾱάνθην Theoc.25.196
. (Orig. κρᾱαίνω ( ἐκράαινεν has Ms. authority in Il.5.508, ἐπεκράαινε in 2.419, ἐπεκράανε in 3.302; cf.κράανον· τέλεσον Hsch.
, ἐπικραᾶναι· τῇ κεφαλῇ ἐπινεῦσαι, τελέσαι Id.), [var] contr. κραίνω, κρῆναι, etc. and by distraction κραιαίνω, κρηῆναι, etc.: κρᾱαίνω from κρᾱς - ṇ-yω ([etym.] κάρα, κράατα) = κεφαλαιόω 'achieve'.):—poet. Verb, accomplish, fulfil,τόδε μοι κρήηνον ἐέλδωρ Il.1.41
, 504, cf. Od.17.242; οἵ μευ φέρτεροί εἰσι νοῆσαί τε κρῆναί τε better than I both to conceive and accomplish, 5.170;κρῆνον νῦν καὶ ἐμοὶ.. ἔπος ὅττι κεν εἴπω 20.115
; καί τε κραίνουσιν ἕκαστα, of the Thriae, h.Merc. 559; l. c.; μαντεύματα κ. give true oracles, E. Ion 464 (lyr.);δίκας θνατοῖσι κραίνων B.12.45
;τοῦ δ' ἐκραίαινεν ἐφετμάς Il.5.508
, cf. Pi.O.3.11; οἵ ῥ' ἔτυμα κραίνουσι those dreams come true, Od.19.567; freq. in A., esp. of Fate, as Pr. 512, al., cf. S.OC 914, Tr. 127 (lyr.), etc.:—[voice] Pass., with [tense] fut. [voice] Med., to be accomplished, brought to pass,οὐ γάρ μοι δοκέει μύθοιο τελευτὴ τῇδέ γ' ὁδῷ κρανέεσθαι Il. 9.626
;πατρὸς δ' ἀρὰ.. τότ' ἤδη παντελῶς κρανθήσεται A.Pr. 911
, cf. 213; κέκρανται ψῆφος the vote hath been cast, Id.Supp. 943;ψῆφος ἡ κρανθεῖσα E.Hec. 219
; (lyr.):— for the phrase ἐπὶ χείλεα κεκράαντο, v. ἐπικραίνω; of a person, ἐκράνθην I was perfected (Sch. ἐπετελέσθην), Pi.Pae.9.34.II = τιμᾶν, Hsch.; so perh. in h.Merc. 427 κραίνων ἀθανάτους τε θεοὺς καὶ γαῖαν ἐρεμνήν, ὡς ἐγένοντο (less prob. finishing [ the tale of] the gods and earth, how they were made).III abs., exercise sway, reign,δώδεκα γὰρ κατὰ δῆμον.. ἀρχοὶ κραίνουσι Od.8.391
: c. acc. cogn., κ. σκῆπτρα sway the staff of rule, S.OC 449; .2 after Hom., c. gen., reign over, govern, στρατοῦ, τῆς χώρας, τῆσδε γῆς, χθονός, S. Aj. 1050, OC 296, 862, 926: in later [dialect] Ep. c. dat., Orph. A. 475: c. acc.,κ. Διὸς οἴκους IG14.433
([place name] Tauromenium); ἐπὶ σπλῆνα κ., of a vein, dominate, Aret.CA2.2, cf. CD1.2.IV intr., come to an end, result in a thing, ποῖ δῆτα κρανεῖ; A.Ch. 1075 (anap.); of disease, culminate, be at its worst, Aret.SD2.8, CA1.1.2 Medic., of bones, etc., terminate,ὅπῃ κραίνουσι Hp.Art.45
, cf. Aret.SD1.7, 8; extend,ἀπὸ ἥπατος ἐς νεφρούς Id.CA2.6
.
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