to+alter

istinc, adv. [istim-ce; cf. hinc, illinc], from there, thence, i. e. from the place of the person addressed, or a place related to that person.

Lit., of place:

istinc loquere, si quid vis: procul tamen audiam,

Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 71: serva istas fores, ne tibi clam se subterducat istinc. id. Mil. 3, 3, 72:

age alter istinc, alter hinc adsistite,

id. Rud. 3, 5, 28:

istinc excludere,

Ter. Hec. 3, 2, 4: [p. 1006] qui istinc veniunt, Cic. Fam. 1, 10:

emanare,

id. Att. 7, 21, 1; Verg. A. 6, 389. —

Transf., thereof, i. e. of that thing:

memento dimidium istinc mihi de praeda dare,

Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 68:

neque ergo partem posco mihi istinc de istoc vidulo,

id. Rud. 4, 4, 33.

lăcesso, īvi or ĭi, ītum, 3 ( inf. pass. lacessiri, Col. 9, 8, 3; 9, 15, 4; Ambros. Ep. 6, 1:

lacessi,

Liv. 31, 18, 4 al.; Lact. 5, 2, 2:

lacessientium,

Liv. 27, 12, 13:

lacessiebant,

id. 23, 46, 11), v. a. [lacio; v. Roby, 1, § 625], to excite, provoke, challenge, exasperate, irritate (syn.: irrito, provoco).

Lit.:

aliquem ferro,

Cic. Mil. 31, 84:

sponsione me homo promtus lacessivit,

id. Pis. 23, 55:

tu ultro me maledictis lacessisti,

id. Phil. 2, 1, 1:

me amabis et scripto aliquo lacesses,

by writing, force me to write in return, id. Fam. 12, 20:

vetus si poeta non lacessisset prior,

Ter. Phorm. prol. 14:

hostes proelio,

i. e. to attack, assail, Caes. B. G. 4, 11:

aliquem bello,

id. ib. 6, 5:

Aeduos injuriā,

id. ib. 1, 35:

nos te nulla lacessiimus injuria,

Cic. Fam. 11, 3, 1:

Saguntini nec lacessentes nec lacessiti,

Liv. 21, 11:

aliquos lacessiturus bello,

id. 28, 28; Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 10, 23:

quorum alter relictus, alter lacessitus,

id. ib. 2, 4:

quid tam necessarium quam tenere semper arma, quibus... to ulcisci lacessitus,

id. de Or. 1, 8, 32:

ne rudis agminum sponsus lacessat leonem,

Hor. C. 3, 2, 11:

Caesar neque cedentes tanto collis ascensu lacessendos judicabat,

Hirt. B. G. 8, 14:

aliquem capitaliter,

to make a deadly attack upon one, Plin. Ep. 1, 5:

(corpora) quae feriunt oculorum acies visumque lacessunt,

to strike, meet, Lucr. 4, 217; 691; cf. id. 4, 597:

nares odor lacessit,

id. 4, 691:

fores nondum reserati carceris acer nunc pede nunc ipsa fronte lacessit Equus,

Ov. Tr. 5, 9, 30.— Poet.:

aëra Sole lacessita ( = percussa radiis solis),

struck with the sunbeams' glitter, Verg. A. 7, 527; cf.

vindemia pluviisque aut ventis lacessita,

Col. 3, 21, 5.—

Transf., in gen.

To urge, arouse, excite, stimulate, shake, move:

a quo non modo impulsi sumus ad philosophas scriptiones, verum Etiam lacessiti,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 41, 121:

ad scribendum,

id. Att. 1, 13, 1:

ad pugnam,

Liv. 2, 45 init.:

usus luxuriantis aetatis signaturas pretiosis gemmis coepit insculpere, et certatim haec omnis imitatio lacessivit,

Macr. S. 7, 13, 11: aurigae manibusque lacessunt Pectora plausa cavis, pat them on their breasts (in order to animate them), Verg. A. 12, 85:

pugnam,

id. ib. 5, 429:

bella,

id. ib. 11, 254:

ne quemquam voce lacessas,

id. E. 3, 51:

his se stimulis dolor ipse lacessit,

Luc. 2, 42:

Nilus spuma astra lacessit,

id. 10, 320:

taurus lacessit campum,

Stat. Th. 12, 604:

clamore sidera,

Sil. 17, 387:

deos (precibus),

to assail, importune, Hor. C. 2, 18, 12:

pelagus carinā,

to stir, chafe, id. ib. 1, 35, 7.—

To call forth, arouse, produce:

sermones,

Cic. Fam. 3, 8, 7:

ferrum,

Verg. A. 10, 10.

lĕōnīnus, a, um, adj. [2. leo], of or belonging to a lion, a lion's.

Lit.:

concede audacter ab leonino cavo,

Plaut. Men. 1, 2, 47:

species,

a lion-like appearance, Varr. R. R. 2, 9, 3:

pellis,

Plin. 37, 10, 54, § 142:

jubae,

id. ib.:

adeps,

id. 24, 17, 102, § 165.—

Trop.: leonina societas, a lion's partnership, i. e. in which one party gets all the profit and the other all the loss:

Aristo refert: Cassium respondisse, societatem talem coiri non posse, ut alter lucrum tantum, alter damnum sentiret, et hanc societatem leoninam solitum appellare,

Dig. 17, 2, 29, § 2.

Lĕōnīnus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to the emperor Leo, Leonine:

lex,

Cod. Just. 1, 3, 50.

lĕōnīnus, a, um, adj. [2. leo], of or belonging to a lion, a lion's.

Lit.:

concede audacter ab leonino cavo,

Plaut. Men. 1, 2, 47:

species,

a lion-like appearance, Varr. R. R. 2, 9, 3:

pellis,

Plin. 37, 10, 54, § 142:

jubae,

id. ib.:

adeps,

id. 24, 17, 102, § 165.—

Trop.: leonina societas, a lion's partnership, i. e. in which one party gets all the profit and the other all the loss:

Aristo refert: Cassium respondisse, societatem talem coiri non posse, ut alter lucrum tantum, alter damnum sentiret, et hanc societatem leoninam solitum appellare,

Dig. 17, 2, 29, § 2.

Lĕōnīnus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to the emperor Leo, Leonine:

lex,

Cod. Just. 1, 3, 50.

littĕrātor ( lītĕr-), ōris, m. [id.].

A teacher of reading and writing, an elementary instructor:

litterator ruditatem eximit, grammaticus doctrinā instruit,

App. Flor. p. 363, 5.—

Transf., a grammarian, critic, philologist, Cat. 14, 9; Mart. Cap. 3, § 229; cf. Kopp ad loc.—

In opp. to litteratus (a man of real learning), a smatterer, sciolist:

alter litterator fuit, alter litteras sciens,

Gell. 18, 9, 2; cf. id. 16, 6: Suet. Gram. 4.

littĕrātor ( lītĕr-), ōris, m. [id.].

A teacher of reading and writing, an elementary instructor:

litterator ruditatem eximit, grammaticus doctrinā instruit,

App. Flor. p. 363, 5.—

Transf., a grammarian, critic, philologist, Cat. 14, 9; Mart. Cap. 3, § 229; cf. Kopp ad loc.—

In opp. to litteratus (a man of real learning), a smatterer, sciolist:

alter litterator fuit, alter litteras sciens,

Gell. 18, 9, 2; cf. id. 16, 6: Suet. Gram. 4.

mĭnŭo, ŭi, ūtum, 3, v. a. and n. [Sanscr. mi, lessen, change; Gr. minuô, minuthô; cf.: meiôn = minor; Germ. minder, vermindern].

Act., to make smaller, to lessen, diminish; lit. and trop.

Lit. (rare and mostly poet.):

ramaliaque arida tecto Detulit, et minuit,

broke in pieces, Ov. M. 8, 645:

ligna,

to chop into small pieces, id. F. 2, 647:

portarum objectus,

to dash in pieces, Stat. Th. 10, 526:

dentes in limine,

id. ib. 10, 47:

sanguinem,

to let blood, Veg. Vet. 1, 16, 2;

in the same signif., simply minuere,

id. ib. 1, 22, 1.—

Trop., to lessen, diminish, lower, reduce, weaken, abate, restrict (very freq. and class.):

imperium matris,

Plaut. As. 3, 1, 6:

sumptus civitatum,

Cic. Fam. 3, 8, 2:

(rem familiarem),

Hor. S. 2, 3, 177:

gradum,

Quint. 2, 3, 7:

gloriam alicujus,

Cic. Fl. 12, 28:

molestias vitae,

id. Fin. 1, 16, 51:

cupiditates,

id. ib.:

invidiam,

id. Agr. 1, 5, 14:

opem,

Caes. B. G. 5, 33:

auctoritatem,

id. B. C. 3, 43:

minuuntur corporis artus,

grow less, diminish in size, Ov. M. 7, 317:

minuuntur corpora siccis,

Plin. 11, 54, 118, § 283:

consul alter proelio uno et vulnere suo minutus,

discouraged, Liv. 21, 52, 2 (al. deminutus):

suspicionem profectionis,

Cic. Att. 10, 16, 4:

controversias,

to settle, put an end to, Caes. B. G. 5, 26:

minuenda est haec opinio,

to be refuted, Cic. Off. 1, 22, 72:

magistratum, censuram,

to restrict the power of, to limit, Liv. 4, 24:

majestatem populi Romani per vim,

to violate, offend against, Cic. Phil. 1, 9, 21:

matris imperium,

Plaut. As. 3, 1, 6:

religionem,

Nep. Ages. 4, 8:

nec tu ea causa minueris Haec quae facis, ne is mutet suam sententiam,

Ter. And. 2, 3, 19:

consilium,

to alter, change, id. Hec. 4, 3, 10:

condemnationem,

to commute, Gai. Inst. 3, 224; 4, 57.—

Neutr., to diminish, grow less:

minuente aestu,

at the ebbing of the tide, Caes. B. G. 3, 12, 1:

minuente lunā,

waning, Pall. 3, 24; Sedul. 1, 243; cf.:

crescentis minuentisque sideris species,

Plin. 37, 10, 67, § 181.—Hence, mĭnūtus, a, um, P. a. (diminished; hence), little, small, minute (class.).

Lit.: pueri minuti (opp. majores), Varr. ap. Non. 141, 18: id [p. 1148] omnes magni minutique, Plaut. Cist. 2, 1, 45.—Of things:

litterae,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 68:

minuta ac brevia folia,

Plin. 12, 24, 53, § 111:

ossa,

Lucr. 1, 835:

opuscula,

Cic. Ac. 2, 38, 120:

itinera,

Suet. Aug. 82:

aere minuto qualiacumque somnia vendere,

Juv. 6, 546:

facies minutae,

miniature portraits, id. 14, 291.— Comp.:

minutior ac mage pollens,

Lucr. 4, 318.— Sup.:

minutissimis ictibus excarnificatus,

Suet. Vit. 17:

res,

little things, trifles, Cic. Clu. 64, 180:

res minutissimae et contemptibiles,

Aug. Conf. 10, 35, 4:

aves,

Col. 8, 5, 10.—

Trop., petty, paltry, insignificant.

Of persons:

alii minuti et angusti,

Cic. Fin. 1, 18, 61:

philosophi,

id. Div. 1, 30, 62:

imperatores,

id. Brut. 73, 256:

plebes,

Phaedr. 4, 6, 13.—

Of things: canto carmina versibus minutis, Poët. ap. Plin. Ep. 4, 27, 4:

genus orationis,

Cic. de Or. 2, 38, 159:

minuti est animi voluptas ultio,

Juv. 13, 189.— Hence, subst.: mĭnūtum, i, n., the smallest piece of money, a mite, farthing:

novissimum reddere,

Vulg. Luc. 12, 59; cf.:

aes minutum,

id. ib. 21, 2.— Plur.

The little (opp. longa), Calp. Ecl. 5, 7.—

Minutes, points, very small parts, Amm. 20, 3, 2; Gram. Vet. p. 374, 11.—

Comp.:

illa minutiora,

those less important matters, Aur. Vict. Epit. 48, 18.—Hence, adv., in two forms.

mĭnūtē, into small or fine pieces, finely, minutely (class.).

Lit.:

sal minute tritus,

Col. 6, 17, 7:

minutissime commolere,

id. 12, 28, 1:

historia minutissime scripta,

in an extremely small hand, Sen. Ep. 95, 2.—

Trop.

In a petty or paltry manner:

res minutius tractare,

Cic. Fin. 4, 3, 7.—

Minutely, closely, accurately:

minutius et scrupulosius scrutantur omnia,

Quint. 5, 14, 28.—

mĭnūtim, into small pieces, finely, minutely (ante-class. and post-Aug.):

concidere,

Cato, R. R. 123:

scoria minutim fracta,

Plin. 34, 18, 51, § 171; Gell. 17, 8, 2.—

With short steps, trippingly:

equus ambulans,

Veg. Vet. 1, 56, 39:

deambulare,

id. ib. 2, 53, 3.

mĭnŭo, ŭi, ūtum, 3, v. a. and n. [Sanscr. mi, lessen, change; Gr. minuô, minuthô; cf.: meiôn = minor; Germ. minder, vermindern].

Act., to make smaller, to lessen, diminish; lit. and trop.

Lit. (rare and mostly poet.):

ramaliaque arida tecto Detulit, et minuit,

broke in pieces, Ov. M. 8, 645:

ligna,

to chop into small pieces, id. F. 2, 647:

portarum objectus,

to dash in pieces, Stat. Th. 10, 526:

dentes in limine,

id. ib. 10, 47:

sanguinem,

to let blood, Veg. Vet. 1, 16, 2;

in the same signif., simply minuere,

id. ib. 1, 22, 1.—

Trop., to lessen, diminish, lower, reduce, weaken, abate, restrict (very freq. and class.):

imperium matris,

Plaut. As. 3, 1, 6:

sumptus civitatum,

Cic. Fam. 3, 8, 2:

(rem familiarem),

Hor. S. 2, 3, 177:

gradum,

Quint. 2, 3, 7:

gloriam alicujus,

Cic. Fl. 12, 28:

molestias vitae,

id. Fin. 1, 16, 51:

cupiditates,

id. ib.:

invidiam,

id. Agr. 1, 5, 14:

opem,

Caes. B. G. 5, 33:

auctoritatem,

id. B. C. 3, 43:

minuuntur corporis artus,

grow less, diminish in size, Ov. M. 7, 317:

minuuntur corpora siccis,

Plin. 11, 54, 118, § 283:

consul alter proelio uno et vulnere suo minutus,

discouraged, Liv. 21, 52, 2 (al. deminutus):

suspicionem profectionis,

Cic. Att. 10, 16, 4:

controversias,

to settle, put an end to, Caes. B. G. 5, 26:

minuenda est haec opinio,

to be refuted, Cic. Off. 1, 22, 72:

magistratum, censuram,

to restrict the power of, to limit, Liv. 4, 24:

majestatem populi Romani per vim,

to violate, offend against, Cic. Phil. 1, 9, 21:

matris imperium,

Plaut. As. 3, 1, 6:

religionem,

Nep. Ages. 4, 8:

nec tu ea causa minueris Haec quae facis, ne is mutet suam sententiam,

Ter. And. 2, 3, 19:

consilium,

to alter, change, id. Hec. 4, 3, 10:

condemnationem,

to commute, Gai. Inst. 3, 224; 4, 57.—

Neutr., to diminish, grow less:

minuente aestu,

at the ebbing of the tide, Caes. B. G. 3, 12, 1:

minuente lunā,

waning, Pall. 3, 24; Sedul. 1, 243; cf.:

crescentis minuentisque sideris species,

Plin. 37, 10, 67, § 181.—Hence, mĭnūtus, a, um, P. a. (diminished; hence), little, small, minute (class.).

Lit.: pueri minuti (opp. majores), Varr. ap. Non. 141, 18: id [p. 1148] omnes magni minutique, Plaut. Cist. 2, 1, 45.—Of things:

litterae,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 68:

minuta ac brevia folia,

Plin. 12, 24, 53, § 111:

ossa,

Lucr. 1, 835:

opuscula,

Cic. Ac. 2, 38, 120:

itinera,

Suet. Aug. 82:

aere minuto qualiacumque somnia vendere,

Juv. 6, 546:

facies minutae,

miniature portraits, id. 14, 291.— Comp.:

minutior ac mage pollens,

Lucr. 4, 318.— Sup.:

minutissimis ictibus excarnificatus,

Suet. Vit. 17:

res,

little things, trifles, Cic. Clu. 64, 180:

res minutissimae et contemptibiles,

Aug. Conf. 10, 35, 4:

aves,

Col. 8, 5, 10.—

Trop., petty, paltry, insignificant.

Of persons:

alii minuti et angusti,

Cic. Fin. 1, 18, 61:

philosophi,

id. Div. 1, 30, 62:

imperatores,

id. Brut. 73, 256:

plebes,

Phaedr. 4, 6, 13.—

Of things: canto carmina versibus minutis, Poët. ap. Plin. Ep. 4, 27, 4:

genus orationis,

Cic. de Or. 2, 38, 159:

minuti est animi voluptas ultio,

Juv. 13, 189.— Hence, subst.: mĭnūtum, i, n., the smallest piece of money, a mite, farthing:

novissimum reddere,

Vulg. Luc. 12, 59; cf.:

aes minutum,

id. ib. 21, 2.— Plur.

The little (opp. longa), Calp. Ecl. 5, 7.—

Minutes, points, very small parts, Amm. 20, 3, 2; Gram. Vet. p. 374, 11.—

Comp.:

illa minutiora,

those less important matters, Aur. Vict. Epit. 48, 18.—Hence, adv., in two forms.

mĭnūtē, into small or fine pieces, finely, minutely (class.).

Lit.:

sal minute tritus,

Col. 6, 17, 7:

minutissime commolere,

id. 12, 28, 1:

historia minutissime scripta,

in an extremely small hand, Sen. Ep. 95, 2.—

Trop.

In a petty or paltry manner:

res minutius tractare,

Cic. Fin. 4, 3, 7.—

Minutely, closely, accurately:

minutius et scrupulosius scrutantur omnia,

Quint. 5, 14, 28.—

mĭnūtim, into small pieces, finely, minutely (ante-class. and post-Aug.):

concidere,

Cato, R. R. 123:

scoria minutim fracta,

Plin. 34, 18, 51, § 171; Gell. 17, 8, 2.—

With short steps, trippingly:

equus ambulans,

Veg. Vet. 1, 56, 39:

deambulare,

id. ib. 2, 53, 3.

no, nāvi, 1, v. n. [neô], to swim, float.

Lit.: alter nare cupit: alter pugnare paratu'st, Enn. ap. Paul. ex Fest. p. 166 Müll. (Ann. v. 258 Vahl.):

pueris, qui nare discunt, scirpea induitur ratis,

Plaut. Aul. 4, 1, 9; cf.

below,

Hor. S. 1, 4, 120:

pinus Dicuntur liquidas Neptuni nāsse per undas,

Cat. 64, 1:

nat lupus,

Ov. M. 1, 304:

nantem delphina per undas,

id. H. 19, 199:

piger ad nandum,

id. ib. 18, 210:

ars nandi,

id. Tr. 2, 486:

nat tibi linter,

Tib. 1, 5, 76; Luc. 8, 374.—Prov.: nare sine cortice, to swim without corks, i. e. to be able to do without a guardian (cf. above the passage in Plaut. Aul. 4, 1, 9), Hor. S. 1, 4, 120.—

Poet., transf., to sail, flow, fly, etc.: cum juventus Per medium classi barbara navit Athon, Cat. 66, 45:

(undae) nantes refulgent,

id. 64, 274:

nare per aestatem liquidam suspexeris agmen (apium),

Verg. G. 4, 59.—Of the eyes of drunken persons, to swim:

nant oculi,

Lucr. 3, 480; v. nato.— Hence, nans, antis, P. a., swimming, floating:

nantes scaphae,

Gell. 10, 26, 10; as subst., a swimmer; hence, nantes, ĭum, f., swimming fowls, i. e. geese, ducks, etc.:

greges nantium,

Col. 8, 14, 1.

No, an Egyptian city, perh. Alexandria; acc. to Bochart, Thebes, Hier. ad Ezech. 30, 14.

no, nāvi, 1, v. n. [neô], to swim, float.

Lit.: alter nare cupit: alter pugnare paratu'st, Enn. ap. Paul. ex Fest. p. 166 Müll. (Ann. v. 258 Vahl.):

pueris, qui nare discunt, scirpea induitur ratis,

Plaut. Aul. 4, 1, 9; cf.

below,

Hor. S. 1, 4, 120:

pinus Dicuntur liquidas Neptuni nāsse per undas,

Cat. 64, 1:

nat lupus,

Ov. M. 1, 304:

nantem delphina per undas,

id. H. 19, 199:

piger ad nandum,

id. ib. 18, 210:

ars nandi,

id. Tr. 2, 486:

nat tibi linter,

Tib. 1, 5, 76; Luc. 8, 374.—Prov.: nare sine cortice, to swim without corks, i. e. to be able to do without a guardian (cf. above the passage in Plaut. Aul. 4, 1, 9), Hor. S. 1, 4, 120.—

Poet., transf., to sail, flow, fly, etc.: cum juventus Per medium classi barbara navit Athon, Cat. 66, 45:

(undae) nantes refulgent,

id. 64, 274:

nare per aestatem liquidam suspexeris agmen (apium),

Verg. G. 4, 59.—Of the eyes of drunken persons, to swim:

nant oculi,

Lucr. 3, 480; v. nato.— Hence, nans, antis, P. a., swimming, floating:

nantes scaphae,

Gell. 10, 26, 10; as subst., a swimmer; hence, nantes, ĭum, f., swimming fowls, i. e. geese, ducks, etc.:

greges nantium,

Col. 8, 14, 1.

No, an Egyptian city, perh. Alexandria; acc. to Bochart, Thebes, Hier. ad Ezech. 30, 14.

no, nāvi, 1, v. n. [neô], to swim, float.

Lit.: alter nare cupit: alter pugnare paratu'st, Enn. ap. Paul. ex Fest. p. 166 Müll. (Ann. v. 258 Vahl.):

pueris, qui nare discunt, scirpea induitur ratis,

Plaut. Aul. 4, 1, 9; cf.

below,

Hor. S. 1, 4, 120:

pinus Dicuntur liquidas Neptuni nāsse per undas,

Cat. 64, 1:

nat lupus,

Ov. M. 1, 304:

nantem delphina per undas,

id. H. 19, 199:

piger ad nandum,

id. ib. 18, 210:

ars nandi,

id. Tr. 2, 486:

nat tibi linter,

Tib. 1, 5, 76; Luc. 8, 374.—Prov.: nare sine cortice, to swim without corks, i. e. to be able to do without a guardian (cf. above the passage in Plaut. Aul. 4, 1, 9), Hor. S. 1, 4, 120.—

Poet., transf., to sail, flow, fly, etc.: cum juventus Per medium classi barbara navit Athon, Cat. 66, 45:

(undae) nantes refulgent,

id. 64, 274:

nare per aestatem liquidam suspexeris agmen (apium),

Verg. G. 4, 59.—Of the eyes of drunken persons, to swim:

nant oculi,

Lucr. 3, 480; v. nato.— Hence, nans, antis, P. a., swimming, floating:

nantes scaphae,

Gell. 10, 26, 10; as subst., a swimmer; hence, nantes, ĭum, f., swimming fowls, i. e. geese, ducks, etc.:

greges nantium,

Col. 8, 14, 1.

No, an Egyptian city, perh. Alexandria; acc. to Bochart, Thebes, Hier. ad Ezech. 30, 14.

nŏvo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [novus].

Lit., to make new, to renew:

ipsi transtra novant,

Verg. A. 5, 752:

nullā prole novare viros,

Ov. F. 1, 622:

gregem,

Stat. Th. 10, 229:

fessa membra,

to refresh, Ov. H. 4, 90:

vivāque nitentia lymphā membra novat,

Val. Fl. 3, 423:

ardorem,

Liv. 26, 19, 2:

vulnera mentis,

Ov. P. 4, 11, 20; to break up fallow ground:

novate novale,

Vulg. Jer. 4, 3: ager novatus, a field ploughed again, prepared for sowing:

agro non semel arato sed novato et iterato,

Cic. de Or. 2, 30, 131; Ov. P. 4, 2, 44.— To invent, coin, etc.:

verba,

Cic. de Or. 3, 37, 149; cf. id. ib. 3, 38, 154; so,

verbum aut inusitatum aut novatum aut translatum,

id. ib. 3, 38, 152:

multa novantur in omni genere materiae,

Quint. 5, 10, 106:

novata forma dicendi,

id. 9, 1, 14:

ignotum hoc aliis ipse novavit opus,

Ov. A. A. 3, 346.—

Transf., to change, alter.

In gen.:

aliquid in legibus,

Cic. Leg. 3, 5, 12:

nomen faciemque,

Ov. M. 4, 540:

hoc quoque novat (Aristoteles), quod prooemio non narrationem subjungit, sed propositionem,

i. e. deviates from the rule, Quint. 3, 9, 5.—

In partic., in a political respect: novare res, to alter the existing constitution, to overthrow the government, make or effect a revolution:

res,

Liv. 1, 52:

novandi res aliquam occasionem quaerentes,

id. 24, 23, 6:

omnia novare velle,

id. 35, 34; 32, 38 fin.:

Civilis novare res hoc modo coepit,

Tac. H. 4, 14.—Also absol.:

novare: ubi primum dubiis rebus novandi spes oblata est,

Sall. C. 39, 3; Liv. 42, 31; Tac. A. 4, 18; cf. impers. pass.:

ne quid eo spatio novaretur,

Sall. C. 55, 1.

sēdo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. and n. [sedeo].

Act. (orig. to cause to sit, to seat; hence, of inanimate or abstract objects), to allay, settle, still, calm, assuage, appease, quiet, check, end, stop, stay, etc. (syn.:

mitigo, mulceo, lenio): cave putes, aut mare ullum aut flammam esse tantam, quam non facilius sit sedare quam effrenatam insolentiā multitudinem,

Cic. Rep. 1, 42, 65:

pulverem,

Phaedr. 2, 5, 18:

curriculum,

Cic. Arat. 125; cf.

vela,

i. e. to furl, Prop. 3 (4) 21, 20:

flammam,

id. 3 (4), 18, 5:

incendia,

Ov. R. Am. 117.—Mid.:

sedatis fluctibus,

having subsided, abated, lulled, Cic. Inv. 2, 51, 154:

sedatis ventis,

Ov. M. 15, 349; cf.:

tempestas sedatur,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 18, § 46.—Of hunger, thirst, etc.:

sitim,

to slake, quench, Lucr. 2, 663; 4, 850; Ov. M. 3, 415; Phaedr. 4, 4, 1; Suet. Oth. 11 al.:

famem ac sitim,

Plin. 11, 54, 119, § 284; cf.:

carne jejunia,

Ov. M. 15, 83:

lassitudinem,

Plaut. Bacch. 1, 1, 75; Nep. Eum. 9, 6:

pestilentiam,

Liv. 7, 3; Just. 20, 2, 8:

dolores aurium,

Plin. 29, 6, 39, § 133:

tumorem vulnerum,

id. 30, 13, 39, § 114; 20, 20, 81, § 211:

scabiem, pruritum,

id. 30, 13, 41, § 121 et saep.:

(populi impetus) aliquando incenditur, et saepe sedatur,

Cic. Leg. 3, 10, 24:

bellum intestinum ac domesticum,

id. Cat. 2, 13, 28; so,

bellum,

Nep. Dat. 8, 6:

pugnam,

id. Cat. 3, 3, 6:

proelium,

Liv. 34, 5:

seditionem,

Cic. Rep. 1, 38, 60; id. Att. 5, 14, 1:

tumultum,

Caes. B. C. 3, 18; 3, 106 fin.; Liv. 3, 15 al.:

discordias,

Cic. Phil. 1, 1, 1:

controversiam,

id. Leg. 1, 21, 54:

contentionem,

Liv. 39, 39:

invidiam et infamiam,

Cic. Verr. 1, 1, 1; cf.:

sermunculum omnem aut restinxerit aut sedarit,

id. Att. 13, 10, 2:

miserias,

Plaut. Poen. 5, 4, 107:

calamitatem, Ter. Hec. prol. alt. 24: mala,

Cic. Phil. 2, 18, 46.—Of feelings, passions, appetites, etc.:

in animis hominum motum dicendo vel excitare vel sedare,

Cic. de Or. 1, 46, 202:

mentes (opp. excitare),

id. ib. 1, 5, 17; cf.:

appetitus omnes,

id. Off. 1, 29, 103:

illā tertiā parte animi, in quā irarum exsistit ardor, sedatā atque restinctā,

id. Div. 1, 29, 61:

animos militum,

Liv. 26, 21:

iram,

Plaut. Merc. 5, 4, 1:

cupidinem,

id. Am. 2, 2, 210:

rabiem,

Hor. Epod. 12, 9:

pavorem,

Liv. 1, 16:

lamentationem,

id. 25, 37:

fletus,

Prop. 2, 16 (3, 8), 31:

curas,

Stat. Th. 12, 514:

vulnera mentis,

Ov. P. 4, 11, 19 et saep.—Rarely with personal objects:

affert potionem et te sedatum it,

Plaut. Curc. 1, 2, 22:

ut vix a magistratibus juventus sedaretur,

was quieted, brought to order, Liv. 21, 20:

tumultuantes deinde milites ipse sedavit,

Just. 12, 15, 2.—

Neutr., to become quiet, to lull, subside: postquam tempestas sedavit, Auct. ap. Gell. 18, 12, 6 (cf. the mid.: sedatur tempestas, supra).—Hence, sēdātus, a, um, P. a., composed, moderate, calm, quiet, tranquil, sedate (class.):

alter (Herodotus) sine ullis salebris quasi sedatus amnis fluit, alter (Thucydides) incitatior fertur,

Cic. Or. 12, 39:

in ipsis numeris sedatior,

id. ib. 52, 176:

sedatissimā et depressissimā voce uti,

Auct. Her. 3, 14, 24; cf.: Terenti, Latinā voce Menandrum sedatis vocibus effers, in gentle tones, Cic. poët. ap. Suet. Vit. Ter. 5:

oderunt Sedatum celeres, agilem gnavumque remissi,

Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 90:

scribere sedatiore animo,

Cic. Att. 8, 3, 7; cf.: olli sedato respondit corde Latinus. Verg. A. 12, 18:

amnes,

id. ib. 9, 30:

sedato gradu in castra abeunt,

Liv. 25, 37:

sedatius tempus,

Cic. Clu. 37, 103.— Adv.: sēdātē, calmly, tranquilly, sedately, Plaut. Men. 5, 6, 17; Cic. Tusc. 2, 20, 46; 2, 24, 58; id. Or. 27, 92. — Comp., Amm. 25, 1, 5.

sēmis, issis (in Vitr., Front., and Pall. indecl., e.g. duo semis pedes, Pall. Febr. 9, 10:

duobus semis pedibus,

id. Jan. 10, 3; 13, 7:

diametros octo semis,

Vitr. 4, 1:

passuum milium et semis,

Front. Aquaed. 7; cf.:

habere duos et semis cubitos,

Vulg. Exod. 25, 10 al.), m. [cf. semi-; Gr. hêmi-, hêmisu], a half, half-unity, a semi-unit (v. as, I.).

In gen. (very rare for the usual dimidium):

sex domini semissem Africae possidebant,

Plin. 18, 6, 7, § 35:

patrimonii,

Dig. 36, 1, 78, § 7:

e libertorum defunctorum bonis,

Suet. Ner. 32:

cum alter semissem, alter universa fratre excluso (sibi vindicaret),

Quint. 7, 1, 62:

panem semissem ponebat supra torum,

Petr. 64, 6.—

In partic. (freq. and class.).

As a coin,

Half an as, a semi -as, Varr. L. L. 5, § 171 Müll.; cf. Prisc. p. 708 P.; Plin. 33, 3, 13, § 44:

lex frumentaria de semissibus et trientibus,

Auct. Her. 1, 12, 21; Cic. Sest. 25, 55; Liv. Epit. 60; Ascon. ap. Cic. Pis. 4, p. 9 Orell.; hence, non semissis homo, not worth a groat, i. e. good for nothing, worthless, Vatin. ap. Cic. Fam. 5, 10 a, 1:

quid fit! Semis,

Hor. A. P. 330.—

In the times of the later emperors, as a gold coin, a half aureus (containing 59.8 grains of gold, or the present value of 10 s. 6 3/4 d. sterling), Lampr. Alex. Sev. 39.—

As a rate of interest, one half per cent. a month, or, acc. to our mode of computation, six per cent. a year (cf.:

bes, triens, etc.): semissibus magna copia (pecuniae) est,

Cic. Fam. 5, 6, 2:

usura multiplicata semissibus,

Plin. 14, 4, 6, § 56:

usura semissium,

Col. 3, 3, 9 sq.;

for which also, reversely: semisses usurarum,

id. 3, 3, 9;

and in apposition: semisses usuras promisit,

Dig. 22, 1, 13; 22, 45, 134; 46, 3, 102 fin. —

As a measure of dimension.

Half a juger of land:

bina jugera et semisses agri assignati,

Liv. 6, 16 fin.; cf. Col. 5, 1, 11; Plin. 18, 19, 49, § 178.—

A half-foot, half a foot:

interesse sesquipedes inter bina semina in latitudinem, in longitudinem semisses,

Plin. 17, 21, 35, § 160:

campestris locus alte duos pedes et semissem infodiendus est,

Col. 3, 13, 8; Vitr. 4, 1; Front. Aquaed. 7; Pall. Jan. 10, 2; 10, 4; 13, 7; id. Febr. 9, 10 et saep.; Veg. 5, 40, 3; 3, 11, 4.—

Half a cubit:

cubitum ac semissem,

Vulg. Exod. 25, 17.—

Among mathematicians, the number three, Vitr. 3, 1, 6; cf. as fin.

specto, āvi, ātum, 1, v. freq. a. [id.], to look at, behold; to gaze at, watch, observe, etc. (freq. and class.; syn.: adspicio, speculor, conspicor, contueor).

Lit.

In gen.

With acc.:

speculum a speciendo, quod ibi se spectant,

Varr. L. L. 5, § 129 Müll.; cf. id. ib. 6, §

82 ib.: si vis videre ludos jucundissimos... amores tuos si vis spectare,

Plaut. Poen. 1, 1, 81:

spectare aliquid et visere,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 19, 44:

taceas, me spectes,

Plaut. As. 3, 3, 90:

quid illas spectas?

id. Rud. 3, 4, 54; id. Am. 1, 1, 268:

ere, ne me spectes,

Ter. Eun. 5, 5, 18:

corpora,

Lucr. 4, 1102:

ingentes acervos,

Hor. C. 2, 2, 24:

gaude quod spectant oculi te mille loquentem,

id. Ep. 1, 6, 19:

cum modo me spectas oculis protervis,

Ov. H. 16 (17), 77:

spectari tergo,

id. A. A. 3, 774:

Zoroaster primus siderum motus diligentissime spectasse dicitur,

Just. 1, 1, 9.—

With rel.clause:

tacitus te sequor, Spectans quas tu res hoc ornatu geras,

Plaut. Bacch. 1, 2, 2:

specta quam arcte dormiunt,

id. Most. 3, 2, 144; cf.:

saepe tui, specto, si sint in litore passus,

Ov. H. 18 (19), 27.—

Absol.:

vise, specta tuo arbitratu,

Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 106: Am. Sosia, age me huc aspice. So. Specto, id. Am. 2, 2, 119:

quam magis specto, minus placet mihi hominis facies,

id. Trin. 4, 2, 19:

alte spectare,

Cic. Rep. 6, 23, 25:

populo spectante,

Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 60.—

With ad, in, per, or adv. of place:

spectare ad carceris oras,

Enn. Ann. 1, 102:

quaeso huc ad me specta,

Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 149; so, ad me, Afran. ap. Isid. Orig. 12, 8, 16:

ad dexteram,

Plaut. Poen. 3, 4, 1:

tota domus, quae spectat in nos solos,

Cic. Off. 1, 17, 58:

ego limis specto Sic per flabellum clanculum,

Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 53:

quoquo hic spectabit, eo tu spectato simul,

Plaut. Ps. 3, 2, 69.—

Impers. pass. with subj. or final clause:

cum plausu congregari feros (pisces) ad cibum assuetudine, in quibusdam vivariis spectetur,

Plin. 10, 70, 89, § 193:

spectandum ne quoi anulum det,

Plaut. As. 4, 1, 33. —

With inf.:

spectet currere Gangem,

Sen. Herc. Oet. 629:

minaces ire per caelum faces specta,

id. ib. 325.—

In partic.

To look at or see (a play or an actor) as a spectator, to look on:

fabulam,

Plaut. Bacch. 2, 2, 37:

Megalesia,

Cic. Har. Resp. 11, 22; Hor. A. P. 190:

ludos,

id. S. 2, 6, 48; 2, 8, 79; id. Ep. 2, 1, 203; Suet. Aug. 40; 53 al.:

Circenses,

id. ib. 45; id. Claud. 4:

pugiles,

id. Aug. 45:

artifices saltationis,

id. Tit. 7 al. —With inf.:

spectavi ego pridem Comicos ad istum modum Sapienter dicta dicere atque is plaudier,

Plaut. Rud. 4, 7, 23:

matronae tacitae spectent, tacitae rideant,

id. Poen. prol. 32:

jam hic deludetur (Amphitruo), spectatores, vobis spectantibus,

id. Am. 3, 4, 15; cf. id. ib. prol. 151. —Hence, very often in inscrr. and tesseris: GLADIATORIIS SP., i. e. spectatus, of a gladiator who had stood the first public fight, Inscr. Orell. 2561 sq.; cf.: Morcelli delle tessere degli spettacoli Roma, Becker, Antiq. 4, p. 562.—

Of localities, to look, face, lie, be situated towards any quarter (syn.: prospicio, vergo); constr. usu. with ad, in, inter, etc., or an adv. of place; less freq. with acc.:

(hujus insulae) alter angulus ad orientem solem, inferior ad meridiem spectat,

Caes. B. G. 5, 13; so,

ad orientem solem,

id. ib. 7, 69:

ad fretum,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 66, § 169:

ager, qui in ventum Favonium spectet,

Varr. R. R. 1, 24, 1:

in urbem... in Etruriam,

Liv. 5, 5;

v. also infra: Aquitania spectat inter occasum solis et septentriones,

is situated to the north - west, Caes. B. G. 1, 1 fin.: quare fit, ut introversus et ad te Spectent atque ferant vestigia se omnia prorsus, Lucil. ap. Non. 402, 7; cf.:

ut ora eorum deorsum spectent,

Col. 12, 16, 4:

vestigia Omnia te adversum spectantia, nulla retrorsum,

Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 75:

quo (villae) spectent porticibus,

Varr. R. R. 1, 4, 4: Creta altior est, quā spectat orientem, Sall. ap. Serv. Verg. A. 6, 23 (H. 3, 58 Dietsch):

Acarnania solem occidentem et mare Siculum spectat,

Liv. 33, 17, 5:

mediterranea regio est, orientem spectat,

id. 25, 9, 10; 30, 25, 11:

quae et Tanaim et Bactra spectant,

Curt. 7, 7, 4; Plin. Ep. 5, 6, 15; Vell. 1, 11, 3:

ab eo latere, quo (Gadis) Hispaniam spectat,

Plin. 4, 21, 36, § 120; 6, 17, 20, § 53.— Transf., of nations:

Belgae spectant in septentriones et orientem solem,

Caes. B. G. 1, 1, 6:

Masaesyli in regionem Hispaniae spectant,

Liv. 28, 17.—

To examine, try, test:

(argentum) dare spectandum,

Plaut. Pers. 3, 3, 35:

ut fulvum spectatur in ignibus aurum, Tempore sic duro est inspicienda fides,

Ov. Tr. 1, 5, 25; cf.:

qui pecuniā non movetur... hunc igni spectatum arbitrantur,

as having stood the test of fire, Cic. Off. 2, 11, 38; cf. spectatio, I. B., and spectator, I. B.—

Trop.

In gen., to look at, behold, see, regard, consider (very rare):

specta rem modo!

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 6, 14:

audaciam meretricum specta,

Ter. Eun. 5, 5, 24:

importunitatem spectate aniculae,

id. And. 1, 4, 4:

suave, E terrā magnum alterius spectare laborem,

Lucr. 2, 2: caeli signorum admirabilem ordinem spectat, Cic. Fragm. ap. Non. 402, 17:

ad te unum omnis mea spectat oratio,

Cic. Deiot. 2, 5.—

In partic.

To look to a thing, as to an end or guide of action; hence, to have in view, bear in mind; to aim, strive, or endeavor after; to meditate; to tend, incline, refer, pertain, or have regard to a thing (freq. and class.;

syn.: contendo, pertineo, tendo): juvenes magna spectare et ad ea rectis studiis debent contendere,

Cic. Off. 2, 13, 45:

nec commune bonum poterant spectare,

Lucr. 5, 958:

rem, non hominem, spectari oportere,

Auct. Her. 1, 6, 9:

nihil spectat nisi fugam,

Cic. Att. 8, 7, 1:

Pompeius statuisse videtur, quid vos in judicando spectare oporteret,

id. Mil. 6, 15:

nos ea, quae sunt in usu vitāque communi, non ea quae finguntur aut optantur spectare debemus,

id. Lael. 5, 18:

ingenti consensu defectionem omnes spectare,

Liv. 22, 22, 21:

arma et bellum,

id. 3, 69, 2:

Romani, desperatā ope humanā, fata et deos spectabant,

id. 5, 16, 8; Curt. 9, 7, 2; Just. 13, 1, 8:

tota domus quae spectat in nos solos,

relies on, Cic. Off. 1, 17, 58:

in philosophiā res spectatur, non verba penduntur,

id. Or. 16, 51:

mores,

id. Off. 2, 20, 69; so (with sequi) id. de Or. 2, 50, 204:

quem locum probandae virtutis tuae spectas?

do you seek? Caes. B. G. 5, 44:

noli spectare, quanti homo sit,

Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 4, § 14:

me spectasse semper, ut tibi possem quam maxime esse conjunctus,

id. Fam. 5, 8, 3:

ad imperatorias laudes,

id. Vatin. 10, 24:

ad suam magis gloriam quam ad salutem rei publicae,

id. Sest. 16, 37:

ad vitulam,

Verg. E. 3, 48:

cum plebes Nolana de integro ad defectionem spectaret,

Liv. 23, 16, 2; so id. 23, 6, 4:

ab scelere ad aliud spectare mulier scelus,

id. 1, 47, 1; 34, 56, 10.—Of subjects not personal:

et prima et media verba spectare debent ad ultimum,

Cic. Or. 59, 200:

ad arma rem spectare,

id. Fam. 14, 5, 1; cf.:

rem ad seditionem spectare,

Liv. 25, 3, 19:

ad vim spectare res coepit,

id. 1, 9, 6; cf.:

si ad perniciem patriae res spectabit,

Cic. Off. 2, 23, 90:

aliquid anquirunt, quod spectet et valeat ad bene beateque vivendum,

id. ib. 2, 2, 6:

ea non tam ad religionem spectant, quam ad jus sepulcrorum,

belong to, concern, id. Leg. 2, 23, 58:

quoniam de eo genere beneficiorum dictum est, quae ad singulos spectant: deinceps de iis, quae ad universos pertinent, disputandum est,

id. Off. 2, 21, 72; cf. id. ib. 1, 3, 7: artem negabat esse ullam, nisi quae cognitis et in unum exitum spectantibus, Cic. de Or. 1, 20, 92:

nostra consilia sempiternum tempus spectare debent,

id. ib. 2, 40, 169:

solvendi necessitas debitorem spectat,

Dig. 2, 14, 42:

res eo spectat, ut eā poenā non videamini esse contenti,

Cic. Lig. 5, 13:

hoc eo spectabat, ut eam (Pythiam) a Philippo corruptam diceret,

id. de Div. 2, 57, 118: summa judicii mei spectat huc, ut meorum injurias ferre possim, Anton. ap. Cic. Phil. 13, 20, 46:

quo igitur haec spectat oratio?

Cic. Att. 8, 2, 4; cf. id. Phil. 13, 20, 46:

quorsum haec omnis spectat oratio?

id. ib. 7, 9, 26 et saep.:

quia quicquid ad corpus spectat, et immortalitatis est expers, vanum sit,

Lact. 3, 12, 33.—

(Acc. to I. B. 3.) To judge of; to try, test (syn. probo):

nemo illum ex trunco corporis spectabat, sed ex artificio comico aestimabat,

Cic. Rosc. Com. 10, 28:

alicujus animum ex animo suo,

Ter. And. 4, 1, 22:

non igitur ex singulis vocibus philosophi spectandi sunt, sed ex perpetuitate atque constantiā,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 10, 31:

ex meo otium tuum specto,

id. Att. 12, 39:

quod ego non tam fastidiose in nobis quam in histrionibus spectari puto,

id. de Or. 1, 61, 258:

ubi facillime spectatur mulier, quae ingenio'st bono?

Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 59; cf.:

hominem in dubiis periclis,

Lucr. 3, 55:

beneficium a deteriore parte,

Sen. Ben. 2, 28, 2.—Hence, spectātus, a, um, P. a. (acc. to II. B. 2.).

Tried, tested, proved (syn.: probatus, cognitus): tuam probatam et spectatam maxime adulescentiam, Lucil. ap. Non. 437, 14:

homines spectati et probati,

Cic. de Or. 1, 27, 124:

fides spectata et diu cognita,

id. Div. in Caecil. 4, 11; Ov. P. 2, 7, 82:

pietas spectata per ignes,

id. F. 4, 37:

integritas,

Liv. 26, 49, 16; cf.:

homo in rebus judicandis spectatus et cognitus,

Cic. Verr. 1, 10, 29:

spectata ac nobilitata virtus,

id. Fl. 26, 63:

spectata multis magnisque rebus singularis integritas,

id. Phil. 3, 10, 26:

rebus spectata juventus,

Verg. A. 8, 151:

utebatur medico ignobili, sed spectato homine, Cleophanto,

id. Clu. 16, 47:

mores,

Plaut. Pers. 2, 1, 4:

ni virtus fidesque vestra spectata mihi forent,

Sall. C. 20, 2.— Sup.:

id cuique spectatissimum sit, quod occurrerit, etc.,

let that be the best test of each, Liv. 1, 57, 7.—With subject-clause:

mihi satis spectatum est, Pompeium malle principem volentibus vobis esse quam, etc.,

Sall. H. 3, 61, 23 Dietsch.—

In gen., looked up to, respected, esteemed, worthy, excellent:

fecere tale ante alii spectati viri,

Plaut. Merc. 2, 2, 47:

in perfecto et spectato viro,

Cic. Lael. 2, 9:

homines,

id. Div. in Caecil. 7, 24:

castitas,

Liv. 1, 57, 10.— Comp.:

quo non spectatior alter,

Sil. 1, 440.— Sup.:

auctoritas clarissimi et spectatissimi viri atque in primis probati,

Cic. Fam. 5, 12, 7:

spectatissima femina,

id. Rosc. Am. 50, 147.—Of things (Plinian):

paeninsula spectatior (with flumen clarum),

Plin. 4, 18, 32, § 107:

spectatius artificium,

id. 11, 1, 1, § 1:

spectatissima laurus,

id. 15, 30, 40, § 134.— Hence, adv.: spectātē, splendidly, excellently:

spectatissime florere,

Plin. 21, 1, 1, § 2:

spectatissime ministrere,

Amm. 28, 3, 9.

suf-fĭcĭo ( subf-), fēci, fectum, 3, v. a. and n. [facio].

To put under or among.

Of a building, to lay the foundation for: opus. Curt. 5, 1, 29 Zumpt. —

Esp., to put into, dip in, dye, impregnate, imbue, tinge, lanam medicamentis, to impregnate, imbue, tinge, Cic. ap. Non. 386, 10, and 521, 19:

(angues) ardentes oculos suffecti sanguine et igni,

suffused, colored, Verg. A. 2, 210:

maculis suffecta genas,

Val. Fl. 2, 105:

suffecta leto lumina,

id. 1, 822; cf.:

nubes sole suffecta,

i. e. shone through, irradiated, Sen. Q. N. 1, 5, 11.—

To give, affard, furnish, supply = suppeditare, hupechein (mostly poet.):

(nebulae) sufficiunt nubes,

Lucr. 6, 480:

ut cibus aliam naturam sufficit ex se,

id. 3, 704:

haec aëra rarum Sufficiunt nobis,

id. 2, 108:

tellus Sufficit umorem,

Verg. G. 2, 424:

aut illae (salices) pecori frondem aut pastoribus umbras Sufficiunt saepemque satis et pabula melli,

id. ib. 2, 435:

ut (Hispania) Italiae cunctarum rerum abundantiam sufficiat,

Just. 44, 1, 4:

dux agmina sufficit unus turbanti terras,

Sil. 1, 36; cf.:

Horatius eos excursionibus sufficiendo adsuefacerat sibi fidere,

by permitting to take part in, Liv. 3, 61, 12 Weissenb. ad loc.; Petr. 27.— Trop.:

ipse pater Danais animos viresque secundas Sufficit,

gives courage and strength, Verg. A. 2, 618; 9, 803.—

To occupy with, employ in: Horatius eos (milites) excursionibus (dat.) sufficiendo proeliisque levibus experiundo assuefecerat sibi fidere, by employing them in sallies, etc., Liv. 3, 61.—

To put in the place of, to substitute for another; and esp., to choose or elect in the place of any one (class.; esp. freq. of magistrates, e. g. of consuls;

syn. subrogo): suffectus in Lucretii locum M. Horatius Pulvillus,

Liv. 2, 8, 4: in Appii locum suffectus, Vatin. ap. Cic. Fam. 5, 10, 2:

consul in sufficiendo collegā occupatus,

Cic. Mur. 39, 85; cf.:

ne consul sufficiatur,

id. ib. 38, 82:

censorem in demortui locum,

Liv. 5, 31, 7:

suffectis in loca eorum novis regibus,

Just. 11, 10, 7:

ipsae (apes) regem parvosque Quirites Sufficiunt,

Verg. G. 4, 202:

seu tribunos modo seu tribunis suffectos consules quoque habuit,

Liv. 4, 8, 1:

quia collegam suffici censori religio erat,

id. 6, 27, 4; 6, 38, 10:

quibus vitio creatis suffecti,

id. 9, 7, 14; 10, 47, 1:

filius patri suffectus,

Tac. A. 4, 16:

Conon Alcibiadi suffectus,

Just. 5, 6, 1:

sperante heredem suffici se proximum,

Phaedr. 3, 10, 12.—Esp. in the phrase suffectus consul, a consul elected after the regular time, a vice-consul:

quando duo ordinarii consules ejus anni alter morbo, alter ferro periisset, suffectum consulem negabant recte comitia habere posse,

Liv. 41, 18, 16 Weissenb. ad loc.; Lampr. Alex. Sev. 43, 2; Tac. A. 3, 37 fin.; cf.:

consulatus suffectus,

Aus. Grat. Act. 14, 2, § 32.—

Transf., to cause to take the place of, to supply instead of, to furnish as a substitute ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

atque aliam ex aliā generando suffice prolem,

Verg. G. 3, 65:

septimo eosdem (dentes) decidere anno, aliosque suffici,

Plin. 7, 16, 15, § 68:

quattuor caeli partes in ternas dividunt et singulis ventos binos suffectos dant,

Sen. Q. N. 5, 16, 2.—

Neutr., to be sufficient, to suffice, avail for, meet the need of, satisfy (freq. and class.; syn. suppeto); constr. absol., with dat., ad, adversus, in, with inf., ut or ne; rarely with si.

Absol.:

quamquam nec scribae sufficere nec tabulae nomina illorum capere potuerunt,

Cic. Phil. 2, 7, 16:

nec jam sufficiunt,

Verg. A. 9, 515:

idque (ferrum) diu Suffecit,

id. ib. 12, 739:

Romani quoad sufficere remiges potuerunt, satis pertinaciter secuti sunt,

Liv. 36, 45, 2:

non sufficiebant oppidani,

id. 21, 8, 4:

haec exempli gratiā sufficient,

Quint. 9, 2, 56:

non videntur tempora suffectura,

id. 2, 5, 3:

pro magistratibus, qui non sufficerent,

Suet. Aug. 43:

quīs non sufficientibus,

Curt. 9, 4, 33.—With subject-clause:

sufficit dicere, E portu navigavi,

Quint. 4, 2, 41:

non, quia sufficiat, non esse sacrilegium, sed quia, etc.,

id. 7, 3, 9:

suffecerit haec retulisse,

Suet. Ner. 31; Mart. 9, 1, 8.—

With dat.: nec jam vires sufficere cuiquam, * Caes. B. G. 7, 20; cf.:

vires concipit suffecturas oneri,

Plin. 17, 22, 35, § 173:

nec iis sufficiat imaginem virtutis effingere,

Quint. 10, 2, 15:

ac mihi quidem sufficeret hoc genus,

id. 5, 10, 90:

paucorum cupiditati cum obsistere non poterant, tamen sufficere aliquo modo poterant,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 48, § 127:

mons, hominum lacte et carne vescentium abunde sufficiebat alimentis,

Liv. 29, 31, 9:

hae manus suffecere desiderio meo,

Curt. 4, 1, 25; 3, 6, 19:

vires quae sufficiant labori certaminum,

Quint. 10, 3, 3; cf.:

summis operibus suffecturi vires,

id. 2, 4, 33:

pronuntiatio vel scenis suffectura,

id. 10, 1, 119:

quod opus cuicumque discendo sufficiet,

id. 1, 9, 3:

dominis sufficit tantum soli, ut relevare caput possint,

Plin. Ep. 1, 24, 4.— Poet.:

nec sufficit umbo Ictibus,

Verg. A. 9, 810.—

With ad: terra ingenito umore egens vix ad [p. 1792] perennes suffecit amnes, Liv. 4, 30:

inopi aerario nec plebe ad tributum sufficiente,

id. 29, 16:

annus vix ad solacium unius anni,

id. 10, 47:

oppidani ad omnia tuenda non sufficiebant,

id. 21, 8, 4:

quomodo nos ad patiendum sufficiamus,

id. 29, 17, 17; 21, 8, 4; 33, 10:

ad quod si vires non suffecerint,

Quint. 12, 1, 32.—

With adversus:

non suffecturum ducem unum et exercitum unum adversus quattuor populos,

Liv. 10, 25.—

With in:

nec locus in tumulos nec sufficit arbor in ignes,

Ov. M. 7, 613:

ergo ego sufficiam reus in nova crimina semper?

id. Am. 2, 7, 1.—

With inf.:

nec nos obniti contra nec tendere tantum Sufficimus,

Verg. A. 5, 22.—

With ut or ne:

interim sufficit, ut exorari te sinas,

Plin. Ep. 9, 21, 3:

sufficit, ne ea, quae sunt vera, minuantur,

id. ib. 9, 33, 11.—

With si:

sufficere tibi debet, si, etc.,

Plin. Ep. 5, 1, 9:

sufficere his credis, si probi existimentur,

id. Pan. 88, 2.—Hence, P. a.: suffĭcĭens, entis, sufficient, adequate:

aetas vix tantis matura rebus, sed abunde sufficiens,

Curt. 3, 6, 19:

testes,

Dig. 29, 7, 8.— Sup.:

unica et sufficientissima definitio,

Tert. adv. Marc. 5, 2.

sūb-ĭcĭo (less correctly subjĭcĭo; post-Aug. sometimes sŭb-), jēci, jectum, 3, v. a. [sub-jacio].

Lit., to throw, lay, place, or bring under or near (cf. subdo); in all senses construed with acc. and dat., or with acc. and sub and acc.; not with sub and abl. (v. Madvig. ad Cic. Fin. 2, 15, 48; cf. II. B. 2. infra).

In gen.: si parum habet lactis mater, ut subiciat (agnum) sub alterius mammam. Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 20:

manum ventri et sub femina (boum),

Col. 6, 2, 6: nonnulli inter carros rotasque mataras ac tragulas subiciebant, discharged their javelins and darts below, i. e. between the wagons and the wheels, Caes. B. G. 1, 26:

biremes, subjectis scutulis, subduxit,

id. B. C. 3, 40:

ligna et sarmenta circumdare ignemque circum subicere coeperunt,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 27, § 69; cf.:

ignes tectis ac moenibus,

id. Cat. 3, 1, 2:

ignem,

id. Rab. Post. 6, 13; Auct. B. Afr. 87, 1; 91, 3; Ov. M. 1, 229 al.:

faces,

Cic. Mil. 35, 98; Vell. 2, 48, 3; Val. Max. 5, 5, 4:

bracchia pallae,

Ov. M. 3, 167:

eburnea collo Bracchia,

id. Am. 3, 7, 7:

scuto sinistram, Canitiem galeae,

id. Tr. 4, 1, 74:

laxiorem sinum sinistro bracchio,

Quint. 11, 3, 146:

umeros lecto,

Val. Max. 4, 1, 12:

pallium togae,

id. 2, 2, 2:

ova gallinis,

Plin. 18, 26, 62, § 231; 10, 59, 79, § 161:

cum tota se luna sub orbem solis subjecisset,

Cic. Rep. 1, 16:

ossa subjecta corpori,

id. N. D. 2, 55, 139 et saep:

sub aspectum omnium rem subicit,

Auct. Her. 4, 47, 60:

res sub oculos,

Quint. 8, 6, 19:

aliquid oculis,

Cic. Or. 40, 139; Liv. 3, 69; Quint. 2, 18, 2:

oves sub umbriferas rupes,

to place near, close to, Varr. R. R. 2, 2, 11:

castris legiones,

Caes. B. C. 3, 56:

aciem suam castris Scipionis,

id. ib. 3, 37:

se iniquis locis,

id. ib. 3, 85:

terram ferro,

to throw up with the share, to plough up, Cic. Leg. 2, 18, 45 Moser N. cr.: corpora saltu Subiciunt in equos, throw up, i. e. mount, Verg. A. 12, 288:

pavidum regem in equum,

to set, Liv. 31, 37:

me e postremo in tertium locum esse subjectum,

have been brought, Cic. Toga Cand. Fragm. p. 522 Orell.: copias integras vulneratis defessisque subiciebat, i. e. put in the place of, substituted, Auct. B. Alex. 26, 2.—Hence ( poet.): se subicere, to mount, grow:

quantum vere novo viridis se subicit alnus,

shoots up, Verg. E. 10, 74:

laurus Parva sub ingenti matris se subicit umbrā,

id. G. 2, 19 Forbig. ad loc.—

In partic.

To hand to, supply:

cum ei libellum malus poëta de populo subjecisset,

Cic. Arch. 10, 25:

ipse manu subicit gladios ac tela ministrat,

Luc. 7, 574.—

To substitute false for true; to forge, counterfeit (syn.:

suppono, substituo): testamenta,

Cic. Phil. 14, 3, 7:

testamentum mariti,

Quint. 9, 2, 73:

locupleti falsum testamentum,

Val. Max. 9, 4, 1:

partum,

Dig. 25, 4, 1 fin.:

falsum aliquid,

Quint. 12, 3, 3:

aes pro auro in pignore dando,

Dig. 13, 7, 36:

fratrem suum,

Just. 1, 9.—

To suborn:

subicitur L. Metellus ab inimicis Caesaris, qui hanc rem distrahat,

Caes. B. C. 1, 33:

testes frequenter subici ab adversario solent,

Quint. 5, 7, 12:

suspitione subjecti petitoris non carebit,

id. 4, 2, 96.

Trop.

In gen.

To submit, subject:

ea quae sub sensus subjecta sunt,

Cic. Ac. 2, 23, 74:

res, quae subjectae sunt sensibus,

id. Fin. 5, 12, 36; id. Ac. 1, 8, 31:

cogitationi aliquid subicere,

submit, id. Clu. 2, 6; Quint. 5, 12, 13;

ait (Epicurus), eos neque intellegere neque videre, sub hanc vocem honestatis quae sit subicienda sententia,

i. e. what meaning is to be attributed to it, Cic. Fin. 2, 15, 48 B. and K.; Madvig. ad loc.; cf.:

huic verbo (voluptas) omnes qui Latine sciunt duas res subiciunt, laetitiam in animo, commotionem suavem jucunditatis in corpore,

id. ib. 2, 4, 13:

dico eum non intellegere interdum, quid sonet haec vox voluptatis, id est, quae res huic voci subiciatur,

id. ib. 2, 2, 6; cf.: quaeritur, quae res ei (nomini) subicienda sit, Quint. 7, 3, 4.—

To substitute:

mutata, in quibus pro verbo proprio subicitur aliud, quod idem significet,

Cic. Or. 27, 92; so Quint. 3, 6, 28:

aliud pro eo, quod neges,

id. 6, 3, 74 et saep.—

In partic.

Pregn., to place under, to make subject, to subject:

subiciunt se homines imperio alterius et potestati,

i. e. submit, Cic. Off. 2, 6, 22; cf. Caes. B. G. 7, 1:

exteras gentes servitio,

Liv. 26, 49:

Albius et Atrius quibus vos subjecistis,

id. 28, 28, 9:

ut alter alterius imperio subiceretur,

id. 28, 21, 9:

gentem suam dicioni nostrae,

Tac. A. 13, 55; Curt. 8, 1, 37; cf.:

Gallia securibus subjecta,

Caes. B. G. 7, 77:

omnia praeter eam (virtutem) subjecta, sunt sub fortunae dominationem,

Auct. Her. 4, 17, 24:

nos sub eorum potestatem,

id. 2, 31, 50:

matribus familias sub hostilem libidinem subjectis,

id. 4, 8, 12:

sub aspectus omnium rem subjecit,

id. 4, 47, 60; cf.:

deos penatis subjectos esse libidini tribuniciae,

Cic. Dom. 40, 106:

populum senatui,

Val. Max. 8, 9, 1:

si virtus subjecta sub varios incertosque casus famula fortunae est,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 1, 2:

id quod sub eam vim subjectum est,

id. Top. 15, 58:

cujus victus vestitusque necessarius sub praeconem subjectus est,

id. Quint. 15, 49 B. and K.:

bona civium voci praeconis,

id. Off. 2, 23. 83;

for which, simply reliquias spectaculorum,

to expose for sale, Suet. Calig. 38; so,

delatores,

id. Tit. 8:

hiemi navigationem,

to subject, expose, Caes. B. G. 4, 36:

domum periculo,

Quint. 7, 1, 53:

scelus fraudemque nocentis odio civium,

Cic. de Or. 1, 46, 202:

fortunas innocentium fictis auditionibus,

id. Planc. 23, 56:

aliquid calumniae,

Liv. 38, 48.—

To subject or subordinate a particular to a general, to range or treat it under, append it to, etc.; in the pass., to be ranged under or comprised in any thing:

quattuor partes, quae subiciuntur sub vocabulum recti,

Auct. Her. 3, 4, 7 B. and K.:

unum quodque genus exemplorum sub singulos artis locos subicere,

id. 4, 2, 3; cf. with dat.:

formarum certus est numerus, quae cuique generi subiciantur,

Cic. Top. 8, 33:

qui vocabulum sive appellationem nomini subjecerunt tamquam speciem ejus,

Quint. 1, 4, 20; cf.:

sub metum subjecta sunt pigritia, pudor, terror, etc.,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 7, 16; 4, 8, 19; Quint. 3, 5, 1:

fas, justum, etc.... subici possunt honestati,

id. 3, 8, 26:

dicere apte plerique ornatui subiciunt,

id. 1, 5, 1 et saep.—

To place under in succession or order, in speaking or writing, i. e. to place after, let follow, affix, annex, append, subjoin (cf.:

addo, adicio): post orationis figuras tertium quendam subjecit locum,

Quint. 9, 1, 36:

longis (litteris) breves subicere,

id. 9, 4, 34:

B litterae absonam et ipsam S subiciendo,

id. 12, 10, 32:

narrationem prooemio,

id. 4, 2, 24; cf. id. 5, 13, 59:

cur sic opinetur, rationem subicit,

adds, subjoins, Cic. Div. 2, 50, 104:

quod subicit, Pompeianos esse a Sullā impulsos, etc.,

id. Sull. 21, 60:

a quibusdam senatoribus subjectum est,

Liv. 29, 15, 1:

subicit Scrofa: De formā culturae hoc dico, etc.,

Varr. R. R. 1, 7, 2:

non exspectare responsum et statim subicere, etc.,

Quint. 9, 2, 15:

edicto subjecisti, quid in utrumque vestrum esset impensum,

Plin. Pan. 20, 5 et saep.:

vix pauca furenti Subicio,

i. e. answer, reply, Verg. A. 3, 314.—

To comprehend under, collect or embrace in:

per quam res disperse et diffuse dictae unum sub aspectum subiciuntur,

Cic. Inv. 1, 52, 98.—

To bring forward, propose, adduce; to bring to mind, prompt, suggest, etc.:

si meministi id, quod olim dictum est, subice,

Ter. Phorm. 2, 3, 40 Ruhnk.; cf.:

cupio mihi ab illo subici, si quid forte praetereo,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 10, § 25:

subiciens, quid dicerem,

id. Fl. 22, 53:

quae dolor querentibus subicit,

Liv. 3, 48; 45, 18:

nec tibi subiciet carmina serus amor,

Prop. 1, 7, 20:

spes est Peliā subjecta creatis,

Ov. M. 7, 304.—Hence, sub-jectus, a, um, P. a.

Of places, lying under or near, bordering upon, neighboring, adjacent:

alter (cingulus terrae) subjectus aquiloni,

Cic. Rep. 6, 20:

Heraclea, quae est subjecta Candaviae,

Caes. B. C. 3, 79:

Ossa,

Ov. M. 1, 155:

rivus castris Scipionis subjectus,

Caes. B. C. 3, 37:

subjectus viae campus,

Liv. 2, 38: Armenia subjecta suo regno (opp. Cappadocia longius remota), Auct. B. Alex. 35, 2; 28, 3: genae deinde ab inferiore parte tutantur subjectae, Cic. N. D. 2, 57, 143.—

(Acc. to II. B. 1.) Subjected, subject:

si quidem Ea (natura deorum) subjecta est ei necessitati,

Cic. N. D. 2, 30, 77:

servitio,

Liv. 26, 49, 8:

subjectior in diem et horam Invidiae,

exposed, Hor. S. 2, 6, 47:

ancipiti fortunae,

Val. Max. 7, 2, ext. 2:

species, quae sunt generi subjectae,

subordinate, Quint. 5, 10, 57:

tum neque subjectus solito nec blandior esto,

submissive, Ov. A. A. 2, 411; cf.:

parcere subjectis et debellare superbos,

Verg. A. 6, 853.— Subst.: sub-jectus, i, m., an inferior, subject:

(vilicus), qui, quid aut qualiter faciendum sit, ab subjecto discit,

Col. 1, 2, 4; 11, 1, 25:

Mithridates ab omnibus subjectis singula exquirens, etc.,

Plin. 25, 2, 3, § 7.—

In the later philos. and gram. lang.: subjec-tum, i, n. (sc. verbum), that which is spoken of, the foundation or subject of a proposition:

omne quicquid dicimus aut subjectum est aut de subjecto aut in subjecto est. Subjectum est prima substantia, quod ipsum nulli accidit alii inseparabiliter, etc.,

Mart. Cap. 4, § 361; App. Dogm. Plat. 3, p. 34, 4 et saep.—

* Adv.: subjectē (cf. B. supra), humbly, submissively:

haec quam potest demississime et subjectissime exponit,

Caes. B. C. 1, 84 fin.

suf-fĭcĭo ( subf-), fēci, fectum, 3, v. a. and n. [facio].

To put under or among.

Of a building, to lay the foundation for: opus. Curt. 5, 1, 29 Zumpt. —

Esp., to put into, dip in, dye, impregnate, imbue, tinge, lanam medicamentis, to impregnate, imbue, tinge, Cic. ap. Non. 386, 10, and 521, 19:

(angues) ardentes oculos suffecti sanguine et igni,

suffused, colored, Verg. A. 2, 210:

maculis suffecta genas,

Val. Fl. 2, 105:

suffecta leto lumina,

id. 1, 822; cf.:

nubes sole suffecta,

i. e. shone through, irradiated, Sen. Q. N. 1, 5, 11.—

To give, affard, furnish, supply = suppeditare, hupechein (mostly poet.):

(nebulae) sufficiunt nubes,

Lucr. 6, 480:

ut cibus aliam naturam sufficit ex se,

id. 3, 704:

haec aëra rarum Sufficiunt nobis,

id. 2, 108:

tellus Sufficit umorem,

Verg. G. 2, 424:

aut illae (salices) pecori frondem aut pastoribus umbras Sufficiunt saepemque satis et pabula melli,

id. ib. 2, 435:

ut (Hispania) Italiae cunctarum rerum abundantiam sufficiat,

Just. 44, 1, 4:

dux agmina sufficit unus turbanti terras,

Sil. 1, 36; cf.:

Horatius eos excursionibus sufficiendo adsuefacerat sibi fidere,

by permitting to take part in, Liv. 3, 61, 12 Weissenb. ad loc.; Petr. 27.— Trop.:

ipse pater Danais animos viresque secundas Sufficit,

gives courage and strength, Verg. A. 2, 618; 9, 803.—

To occupy with, employ in: Horatius eos (milites) excursionibus (dat.) sufficiendo proeliisque levibus experiundo assuefecerat sibi fidere, by employing them in sallies, etc., Liv. 3, 61.—

To put in the place of, to substitute for another; and esp., to choose or elect in the place of any one (class.; esp. freq. of magistrates, e. g. of consuls;

syn. subrogo): suffectus in Lucretii locum M. Horatius Pulvillus,

Liv. 2, 8, 4: in Appii locum suffectus, Vatin. ap. Cic. Fam. 5, 10, 2:

consul in sufficiendo collegā occupatus,

Cic. Mur. 39, 85; cf.:

ne consul sufficiatur,

id. ib. 38, 82:

censorem in demortui locum,

Liv. 5, 31, 7:

suffectis in loca eorum novis regibus,

Just. 11, 10, 7:

ipsae (apes) regem parvosque Quirites Sufficiunt,

Verg. G. 4, 202:

seu tribunos modo seu tribunis suffectos consules quoque habuit,

Liv. 4, 8, 1:

quia collegam suffici censori religio erat,

id. 6, 27, 4; 6, 38, 10:

quibus vitio creatis suffecti,

id. 9, 7, 14; 10, 47, 1:

filius patri suffectus,

Tac. A. 4, 16:

Conon Alcibiadi suffectus,

Just. 5, 6, 1:

sperante heredem suffici se proximum,

Phaedr. 3, 10, 12.—Esp. in the phrase suffectus consul, a consul elected after the regular time, a vice-consul:

quando duo ordinarii consules ejus anni alter morbo, alter ferro periisset, suffectum consulem negabant recte comitia habere posse,

Liv. 41, 18, 16 Weissenb. ad loc.; Lampr. Alex. Sev. 43, 2; Tac. A. 3, 37 fin.; cf.:

consulatus suffectus,

Aus. Grat. Act. 14, 2, § 32.—

Transf., to cause to take the place of, to supply instead of, to furnish as a substitute ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

atque aliam ex aliā generando suffice prolem,

Verg. G. 3, 65:

septimo eosdem (dentes) decidere anno, aliosque suffici,

Plin. 7, 16, 15, § 68:

quattuor caeli partes in ternas dividunt et singulis ventos binos suffectos dant,

Sen. Q. N. 5, 16, 2.—

Neutr., to be sufficient, to suffice, avail for, meet the need of, satisfy (freq. and class.; syn. suppeto); constr. absol., with dat., ad, adversus, in, with inf., ut or ne; rarely with si.

Absol.:

quamquam nec scribae sufficere nec tabulae nomina illorum capere potuerunt,

Cic. Phil. 2, 7, 16:

nec jam sufficiunt,

Verg. A. 9, 515:

idque (ferrum) diu Suffecit,

id. ib. 12, 739:

Romani quoad sufficere remiges potuerunt, satis pertinaciter secuti sunt,

Liv. 36, 45, 2:

non sufficiebant oppidani,

id. 21, 8, 4:

haec exempli gratiā sufficient,

Quint. 9, 2, 56:

non videntur tempora suffectura,

id. 2, 5, 3:

pro magistratibus, qui non sufficerent,

Suet. Aug. 43:

quīs non sufficientibus,

Curt. 9, 4, 33.—With subject-clause:

sufficit dicere, E portu navigavi,

Quint. 4, 2, 41:

non, quia sufficiat, non esse sacrilegium, sed quia, etc.,

id. 7, 3, 9:

suffecerit haec retulisse,

Suet. Ner. 31; Mart. 9, 1, 8.—

With dat.: nec jam vires sufficere cuiquam, * Caes. B. G. 7, 20; cf.:

vires concipit suffecturas oneri,

Plin. 17, 22, 35, § 173:

nec iis sufficiat imaginem virtutis effingere,

Quint. 10, 2, 15:

ac mihi quidem sufficeret hoc genus,

id. 5, 10, 90:

paucorum cupiditati cum obsistere non poterant, tamen sufficere aliquo modo poterant,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 48, § 127:

mons, hominum lacte et carne vescentium abunde sufficiebat alimentis,

Liv. 29, 31, 9:

hae manus suffecere desiderio meo,

Curt. 4, 1, 25; 3, 6, 19:

vires quae sufficiant labori certaminum,

Quint. 10, 3, 3; cf.:

summis operibus suffecturi vires,

id. 2, 4, 33:

pronuntiatio vel scenis suffectura,

id. 10, 1, 119:

quod opus cuicumque discendo sufficiet,

id. 1, 9, 3:

dominis sufficit tantum soli, ut relevare caput possint,

Plin. Ep. 1, 24, 4.— Poet.:

nec sufficit umbo Ictibus,

Verg. A. 9, 810.—

With ad: terra ingenito umore egens vix ad [p. 1792] perennes suffecit amnes, Liv. 4, 30:

inopi aerario nec plebe ad tributum sufficiente,

id. 29, 16:

annus vix ad solacium unius anni,

id. 10, 47:

oppidani ad omnia tuenda non sufficiebant,

id. 21, 8, 4:

quomodo nos ad patiendum sufficiamus,

id. 29, 17, 17; 21, 8, 4; 33, 10:

ad quod si vires non suffecerint,

Quint. 12, 1, 32.—

With adversus:

non suffecturum ducem unum et exercitum unum adversus quattuor populos,

Liv. 10, 25.—

With in:

nec locus in tumulos nec sufficit arbor in ignes,

Ov. M. 7, 613:

ergo ego sufficiam reus in nova crimina semper?

id. Am. 2, 7, 1.—

With inf.:

nec nos obniti contra nec tendere tantum Sufficimus,

Verg. A. 5, 22.—

With ut or ne:

interim sufficit, ut exorari te sinas,

Plin. Ep. 9, 21, 3:

sufficit, ne ea, quae sunt vera, minuantur,

id. ib. 9, 33, 11.—

With si:

sufficere tibi debet, si, etc.,

Plin. Ep. 5, 1, 9:

sufficere his credis, si probi existimentur,

id. Pan. 88, 2.—Hence, P. a.: suffĭcĭens, entis, sufficient, adequate:

aetas vix tantis matura rebus, sed abunde sufficiens,

Curt. 3, 6, 19:

testes,

Dig. 29, 7, 8.— Sup.:

unica et sufficientissima definitio,

Tert. adv. Marc. 5, 2.

sŭi ( gen.), dat. sibī̆, acc. and abl. se or sese, sing. and plur. (old dat. sibei, C. I. L. 1, 38; 1, 1056;

1, 1180 et saep.: sibe,

ib. 1, 1267; 5, 300; cf. Quint. 1, 7, 24; and v. Neue, Formenl. 2, p. 180 sq.; on the quantity of the final i, v. Ritschl, Opusc. 2, p. 632 sqq.; old acc. sed, C. I. L. 1, 196, 13 sq.; 1, 197, 21; strengthened acc. sepse = se ipse, Cic. Rep. 3, 8, 12; cf. Sen. Ep. 108, 32:

semet,

Hor. S. 1, 6, 78; Liv. 2, 12, 7; 2, 44, 8 al.), pron. of 3d pers. in recipr. and reflex. sense [Sanscr. sva-, svajam-, self; Gr. he, We, sphe (hou, hoi, he); cf. suus, old Lat. sovos; v. Curt. Gr. Etym. p. 396; Corss. Ausspr. 2, p. 54], of himself, of herself, of itself, of themselves; one another, each other, etc.; him, her, it, them; and, as subj. of inf., he, she, it, they (on the use of se or sese in acc., cf.: ut se dicamus, cum aliquem quid in alium fecisse ostendimus, ut puta: ille dicit se hoc illi fecisse;

cum autem in se ipsum, tunc dicamus sese, velut: dixit sese hoc sibi fecisse,

Charis. 1, 15, p. 86 P.; but the distinction is not commonly observed; the two forms being used indifferently, except that sese is preferred where there is emphasis, especially at the beginning or end of a clause, or in reference to a preceding ipse; v. infra; and cf. Neue, Formenl. 2, p. 182 sqq.).

Prop., as pron. reflex., of an object considered as receiving or affected by its own act, himself, herself, itself, themselves.

In all clauses, referring to the grammatical subject of the clause.

As direct obj. of verb:

dedistine gladium, qui se occideret?

Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 92:

artis eloquar quem ad modum se expediant,

id. ib. 2, 1, 10:

se in plagas conicere,

id. ib. 2, 1, 12:

numquam erit alienis gravis qui suis se concinnat levem,

id. ib. 3, 2, 58: se aperiunt, Ter. And. 4, 1, 8:

adplicat ad Chrysidis patrem se,

id. ib. 5, 4, 22:

si is posset ab ea sese avellere,

id. Hec. 4, 1, 39:

hi se ad nos adplicant,

id. Heaut. 2, 4, 13:

per eos, ne causam diceret, se eripuit,

Caes. B. G. 1, 4:

cum ferrum se inflexisset,

id. ib. 1, 25:

praecipites fugae sese mandabant,

id. ib. 2, 24:

si se telo defenderet fur,

Cic. Mil. 3, 9:

Catoni licuit Tusculi se in otio delectare,

id. Rep. 1, 1, 1:

solum igitur quod se ipsum movet, numquam ne moveri quidem desinit,

id. ib. 6, 25, 27:

statim homo se erexit,

id. Rosc. Am. 22, 60:

majores acceperamus se a Gallis auro redemisse,

Liv. 22, 59, 7:

in montem sese recipere,

Caes. B. G. 1, 25; 1, 26; Cic. Fin. 3, 19, 63:

ad inpedimenta se conferre,

Caes. B. G. 1, 26:

sese alicui ad pedes proicere,

id. ib. 1, 31:

se gerere,

to behave, Cic. Agr. 2, 19, 53:

sic se res habet, ut, etc.,

id. de Or. 2, 67, 271; id. Fin. 1, 7, 25; 5, 10, 27 sq.:

quod uxor sua ex fico se suspendisset,

Quint. 6, 3, 88. — Strengthened by ipse, nom.:

hic se ipsus fallit,

Ter. And. 3, 2, 15:

ut se ipse diliget,

Cic. Fin. 2, 11, 33:

ipse enim se quisque diligit,

id. Lael. 21, 80:

ita non modo superiores, sed etiam se ipse correxerat,

id. Or. 52, 176:

omne animal se ipsum diligit,

id. Fin. 5, 9, 24:

neque prius vim adhibendam putaverunt, quam se ipse indicasset,

Nep. Paus. 4, 3:

miles se ipse interfecit,

Tac. H. 3, 51; 4, 11:

ne, ignorando regem, semet ipse aperiret quis esset,

Liv. 2, 12, 7:

nec sese ipsi gravant,

Quint. 1, 12, 10.—Sometimes acc.:

inperator qui se ipsum non continet,

Cic. Imp. Pomp. 13, 38:

quid est enim se ipsum colligere, nisi, etc.,

id. Tusc. 4, 36, 78; 1, 23, 53:

ut quidam imperatores se ipsos dis inmortalibus devoverent,

id. N. D. 2, 3, 10:

quod si se ipsos illi nostri liberatores e conspectu nostro abstulerunt,

id. Phil. 2, 44, 114:

admovisse semet ipsos lateri suo,

Curt. 7, 1, 14:

gladio se ipsam transfixit,

Vell. 2, 26, 3.—In gerund. construction:

ne sui in perpetuum liberandi occasionem dimittant,

Caes. B. G. 5, 38; 3, 6; 4, 34:

principes sui conservandi causa profugerunt,

Cic. Cat. 1, 3, 7:

maximam causam ad se inundandam terra praestabit,

Sen. Q. N. 3, 29, 4.—

As indirect obj.:

animo servit, non sibi,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 27:

sapiens ipsus fingit fortunam sibi,

id. ib. 2, 2, 84:

ne ibi diffregisset crura aut cervices sibi,

id. Mil. 3, 1, 126:

nil aliud nisi quod sibi soli placet consulit,

id. Trin. 2, 3, 4:

quaerunt sibi liberos,

id. Ps. 1, 1, 21:

aurum habeat sibi,

id. Mil. 4, 2, 108:

illum multae sibi expetessunt,

id. ib. 4, 6, 16:

tum me convivam solum abducebat sibi,

Ter. Eun. 3, 1, 17:

non sibi soli postulat, etc.,

id. ib. 3, 2, 27:

nunc sibi uxorem expetit,

id. And. 3, 2, 40:

is sibi legationem ad civitates suscepit,

Caes. B. G. 1, 3:

neque sibi homines feros temperaturos existimabat, quin exirent, etc.,

id. ib. 1, 33:

hoc sibi nomen adrogare,

Cic. Rep. 1, 33, 50; 1, 5, 9:

alia sunt tamquam sibi nata,

id. Fin. 3, 19, 63:

proposita sibi morte,

id. Sest. 21, 48; id. Fin. 5, 11, 31:

ne, illo cunctante, Numidae sibi consulant,

Sall. J. 62, 1:

ut populum Romanum sibi desumerent hostem,

Liv. 7, 20, 5:

Turnus, praelatum sibi advenam aegre patiens,

id. 1, 2:

petebant ut regis sui filiam matrimonio sibi jungeret,

Curt. 8, 1, 9:

nemo sibi tantummodo errat,

Sen. Vit. Beat. 1, 4:

locum sibi ad formam sui exsculpsit,

id. Q. N. 4, 3, 4.—With ipse:

ipse tantos sibi spiritus sumpserat,

Caes. B. G. 1, 33 fin.:

nec ipsi sibi exemplo sunt,

Cic. Lael. 21, 80:

iste, quasi praeda sibi advecta, ducit,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 25, § 64:

Junius necem sibi ipse conscivit,

id. N. D. 2, 3, 7:

voluntarium non sibimet ipse solum, sed etiam funeri suo exilium indixit,

Liv. 39, 52, 9:

proinde consulant sibi ipsi,

Just. 16, 4, 15:

avaritia, quae quicquid omnibus abstulit, sibi ipsi neget,

Sen. Q. N. 1, prol. 6; cf. Cic. Marc. 5, 13. —

After substt., adjj., etc.:

omnino est amans sui virtus,

Cic. Lael. 26, 98:

ut sit sui similis,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 7:

omnem naturam esse servatricem sui,

Cic. Fin. 5, 9, 26:

cum videret, si non paruisset, dissimilem se futurum sui,

id. Phil. 9, 3, 6; id. Tusc. 1, 19, 43: nihil malo quam et me mei similem esse et illos sui, Caes. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 16, A, 2:

habetis ducem memorem vestri, oblitum sui,

Cic. Cat. 4, 9, 19:

potens sui,

Hor. C. 3, 29, 41:

nihil est tam incontinens sui,

Sen. Q. N. 3, 30, 6:

quod sibi obsit, quia sit sibi inimicus,

Cic. Fin. 5, 10, 28: inimicus ipse [p. 1795] sibi putandus est, id. ib.:

cum ipsi homines sibi sint per se cari,

id. ib. 5, 13, 38:

Medus infestus sibi,

Hor. C. 3, 8, 19:

crescit indulgens sibi hydrops,

id. ib. 2, 2, 13; cf.:

nec enim utilius quicquam est quam sibi utilem fieri,

Sen. Ben. 1, 11, 5:

Campanus se digna probra in insontem jacere,

Liv. 25, 18, 8:

(mundus) se ipse consumptione alebat sui,

Cic. Univ. 6:

cum multa adsoleat veritas praebere vestigia sui,

Liv. 40, 54, 8:

caecus amor sui,

Hor. C. 1, 18, 14:

sui contemptor,

Quint. 12, 1, 20:

in spem sui bonam adducitur,

Sen. Ira, 2, 21, 3:

(aer) ima sui parte maxime varius est,

id. Q. N. 2, 11, 1:

ipsa (virtus) pretium sui,

id. Vit. Beat. 9, 4:

neque est quod existimes illum vilem sibi fuisse: pretium se sui fecit,

id. Ben. 1, 9, 1:

saepe taedio laboris ad vilitatem sui compelluntur ignavi,

Curt. 5, 9, 7:

nemo non benignus est sui judex,

Sen. Ben. 2, 26, 1:

Romanus in ipso fine vitae vindex sui exstitit,

Val. Max. 3, 2, 11:

equestris ordinis juventus omnibus annis bis urbem spectaculo sui celebrabat,

id. 2, 2, 9; cf. with ipse:

utpote ipsa sui appellatione virorum majestati debitum a feminis reddens honorem,

id. 2, 1, 7. —

With prepp.:

qui admisit in se culpam,

Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 6:

culpam ut ab se segregent,

id. ib. 1, 2, 42:

segregat ab se omnis,

id. Mil. 4, 6, 17; 4, 6, 62:

me ad se deduxit,

id. ib. 2, 1, 121; 3, 1, 118; id. Ps. 3, 2, 6:

quae me non excludit ab se, sed apud se occludet domi,

id. Men. 4, 2, 108:

habet aliud (negotium) magis ex se et majus,

Ter. And. 5, 4, 51:

et fingunt quandam inter se nunc fallaciam,

id. ib. 1, 3, 15:

duxit secum virginem,

id. Eun. 2, 1, 23; Cic. Att. 5, 17, 3; Liv. 35, 30; 43, 18:

ex se generare,

Quint. 1, 1, 36: — pro se quisque = unusquisque, every one, each one singly, etc., freq. in Livy (cf. suus, II. D. 2.):

Pro se quisque id quod quisque potest... Edit,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 76:

pro se quisque alius agnum inmolabat, alius pullum,

Sen. Q. N. 4, 6, 2:

pro se quisque sedulo Faciebant,

Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 74:

cum pro se quisque tenderet ad portas,

Liv. 6, 3; 6, 8; 1, 9; 1, 59;

2, 6: — Boiosque receptos ad se socios sibi adsciscunt,

Caes. B. G. 1, 5 fin.:

exercitum ante se mittit,

id. ib. 1, 21:

supra se collocare,

id. ib. 1, 24:

ex materia in se omnia recipiente mundum factum esse,

Cic. Ac. 2, 37, 118:

litteras ad se ab amico missas protulit,

id. Phil. 2, 4, 7:

praedam prae se agentes,

Liv. 5, 45; 38, 21:

quam (rem publicam) exercitus, quantum in se fuit, prodebat,

id. 2, 43; 9, 40; Nep. Iphic. 3, 4; cf. id. Hann. 12, 2 (v. infra, II. B. 2.):

quibus poterat sauciis ductis secum,

Liv. 4, 39.—Rarely referring to subj. inf.:

nam dicere apud eum de facinore... cum per se ipsum consideres, grave est,

Cic. Deiot. 2, 4:

non quia per se beatum est malo caruisse,

Sen. Q. N. 1, prol. 6. —

With inf. pass. in obj.-clause:

ne quis se aut suorum aliquem praetermissum queratur,

Cic. Rep. 1, 1, 1:

quibus (nominibus) illae res publicae sese appellari velint,

id. ib. 1, 33, 50:

qui se minus timidos existimari volebant,

Caes. B. G. 1, 39, 6.—

As predicate ( = suus, II. B. 2. d; very rare):

quisquis est deus, si modo est alius... totus est sensuus, totus visuus, totus audituus, totus animae, totus animi, totus sui,

in his own power, independent, Plin. 2, 7, 5, § 14. —

Referring to a logical subject, other than the grammatical subj. of the clause.

To a definite subj.:

neque praeter se umquam ei servos fuit,

Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 48:

hunc aiebant indignum civitate ac sese vivere,

id. Trin. 1, 2, 176: exercitum consumptum videtis;

quem turpiter se ex fuga recipientem ne qua civitas recipiat, etc.,

Caes. B. G. 7, 20 fin.:

reliquos sese convertere cogunt,

id. B. C. 1, 46:

multis illi in urbibus reficiendi se et curandi potestas fuit,

Cic. Phil. 9, 3, 6:

cur his persequendi juris sui adimis potestatem,

id. Div. in Caecil. 6, 21:

cum nihil sit periculosius quam spatium confirmandi sese Antonio dari,

id. Fam. 10, 33, 5:

tantam ingenuit animantibus conservandi sui natura custodiam,

id. N. D. 2, 48, 124:

neque sui colligendi hostibus facultatem relinquunt,

Caes. B. G. 3, 6:

ut quam minimum spatii ad se colligendos Romanis daretur,

id. ib. 3, 19; 3, 4; 4, 34; Hirt. B. G. 8, 16:

Gallica acies nullum spatium respirandi recipiendique se dedit,

Liv. 10, 28, 11:

nec raptis aut spes de se melior aut indignatio est minor,

id. 1, 9, 14: Faustulo spes fuerat regiam stirpem apud se educari, id. 1, 5, 5:

proelium cum fiducia sui commissum est,

id. 7, 33, 5; 10, 14, 17:

detecta fraus cautiores Thyreensis fecit: dato responso, nullam se novam societatem accepturos, etc.,

id. 36, 12, 8:

patres censuerunt, qui honorem, quem sibi capere per leges liceret, peteret, etc.,

id. 32, 7, 11:

jusso magistro equitum abdicare se magistratu,

id. 4, 35; 22, 33, 12:

haec cum apud timentes sibimet ipsos increpuissent,

id. 6, 37, 1:

ab ipso, quaerenti sibi commendationem ad gentem monitus,

id. 36, 8, 4 Weissenb. ad loc.:

signa peditum, prae se habentium scuta,

id. 38, 21, 3:

invenere oppidanos vim hostium ab se arcentes,

id. 6, 9, 7:

exire enim sua secum efferentibus jussis primum arma ademit,

id. 43, 18, 11; cf.

§ 10: quos in numerum pecorum redegit ignoratio sui,

Sen. Vit. Beat. 5, 2:

quia nullum illis sui regimen est,

id. Ep. 94, 67:

inter se nihil inlicitum,

Tac. H. 5, 5; 1, 64:

quasi objurgatio sui est,

Quint. 11, 3, 49.—

To indefinite subj.:

deforme est de se ipsum praedicare,

Cic. Off. 1, 38, 137:

posse enim liberalitate uti non spoliantem se patrimonio nimirum est pecuniae fructus maximus,

id. ib. 2, 18, 64:

non arbitrari sese scire quod nesciat,

id. Ac. 1, 4, 16:

cui proposita sit conservatio sui,

id. Fin. 5, 13, 37:

sic amicitiae... effectrices sunt voluptatum tam amicis quam sibi,

id. ib. 1, 20, 67:

amare... etiam si ad se ex iis nihil redeat,

id. ib. 2, 24, 78:

(judicatio) quae aut sui laudem aut adversarii vituperationem contineat,

id. Inv. 1, 51, 97; id. Or. 36, 124; id. Off. 1, 39, 139:

ut, quanti quisque se faciat, tanti fiat ab amicis,

id. Lael. 16, 59; id. Off. 1, 28, 99; id. Rosc. Com. 17, 52 fin.:

si nullus ex se metus aut spes,

Tac. A. 2, 38:

ceterum et interrogandi se ipsum et respondendi sibi solent esse non ingratae vices,

Quint. 9, 2, 14:

sibi servire gravissima est servitus,

Sen. Q. N. 3, praef. 17:

quam multa sunt vota, quae etiam sibi fateri pudet,

id. Ben. 6, 38, 5:

nec haec vilitas sui est,

id. Clem. 1, 3, 4:

culpa est, immiscere se rei ad se non pertinenti,

Dig. 50, 17, 36:

profecto est supplicio se liberare tam facile quam supplicium perpeti,

Val. Max. 3, 2, 6.

Hence, in dependent clauses, transf., as pers. pron. 3d pers., with reflex. reference, him, her, it, them; he, she, they, etc.

In gen., of an obj. indentified with,

The gram. subj. of the principal clause:

qui omnis se amare credit, quemque aspexerit,

Plaut. Mil. 4, 9, 14:

illa mulier lapidem silicem subigere ut se amet, potest,

id. Poen. 1, 2, 77; id. Cas. prol. 46:

orare jussit, si se ames, jam ut ad sese venias,

Ter. And. 4, 2, 4:

ait, si... non id metuat, ne, ubi acceperim, Sese relinquam,

id. Eun. 1, 2, 61:

timet animum amicae se erga ut sit suae,

id. Heaut. 1, 2, 15:

utrumque jussit interfici, alterum, quia viam demonstravisset interimendi sui,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 20, 60:

qui precabantur, ut sibi sui liberi superstites essent,

id. N. D. 2, 28, 72; id. Prov. Cons. 17, 42:

ne ipse quidem sua tanta eloquentia mihi persuasisset, ut se dimitterem,

id. Or. 28, 100:

impetrat a senatu, ut dies sibi prorogaretur,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 38, § 98:

hunc sibi ex animo scrupulum, qui se dies noctisque stimulat, ut evellatis, postulat,

id. Rosc. Am. 2, 6:

Iccius nuntios ad eum mittit, nisi subsidium sibi submittatur,

Caes. B. G. 2, 6 fin.:

quos cum apud se conspexisset... quid ad se venirent,

id. ib. 1, 47:

mittit, qui petant atque orent, ut sibi subveniat,

id. B. C. 1, 17:

Scipionem Hannibal eo ipso, quod adversus se dux lectus esset, praestantem virum credebat,

Liv. 21, 39, 8:

Pausanias orare coepit, ne se prodiret,

Nep. Paus. 8, 6:

cum ejus principes animadvertisset timere, ne propter se bellum eis Lacedaemonii indicerent,

id. Them. 8, 3:

Ubii legatos mittunt, qui doceant... neque ab se fidem laesam,

Caes. B. G. 6, 9:

tum Volero, ubi indignantium pro se acerrimus erat clamor, etc.,

Liv. 2, 55, 6:

transfugit, patris in se saevitiam conquerens,

id. 1, 53, 5:

praesidia imposuit in urbibus, quae ad se defecerant,

Sall. J. 61, 1:

navigia sarcina depressa parum ostendunt non aquam sibi resistere?

Sen. Q. N. 2, 9, 3.—So in phrases incorporated with a principal clause:

Nicias vehementer tua sui memoria delectatur,

Cic. Att. 13, 1, 3:

nihil est appetentius similium sui,

id. Lael. 14, 50: Pompeius facultatem sui insequendi ademerat, Caes. B. C. 1, 29:

praefectum in se ruentem trans fixit,

Curt. 4, 16, 23:

rediere cum legatis ad redimendos sese missis,

Liv. 22, 59, 18:

potestatem omnibus adeundi sui fecit,

Suet. Tib. 40:

Germanicus legiones universas sibi summam reipublicae deferentes compescuit,

id. Calig. 1:

quam si di inmortales potestatem visendi sui faciant,

Sen. Clem. 1, 19, 9:

(terra) non potest tam multa tantoque se ipsa majora nutrire, nisi, etc.,

id. Q. N. 6, 16, 3.—

Of an obj. indentified with a logical subj., other than the gram. subj. of the leading clause:

a Caesare valde liberaliter invitor, sibi ut sim legatus,

Cic. Att. 2, 18, 3:

horum unum quidque... a se potius quam ab adversariis stare demonstrabitur,

id. Inv. 1, 43, 81; id. Mil. 16, 44:

nam mihi scito jam a regibus adlatas esse litteras, quibus mihi gratias agant, quod se mea sententia reges appellaverim,

id. Fam. 9, 15, 4:

testem rei publicae relinquere, meae perpetuae erga se voluntatis,

id. ib. 1, 4, 10:

quos non tam ulcisci studeo quam sanare sibi ipsos,

id. Cat. 2, 8, 17:

quo ex oppido cum legati ad eum venissent oratum, ut sibi ignosceret,

Caes. B. G. 7, 12; Liv. 6, 42; 1, 5:

cum ei in suspitionem venisset, aliquid in epistula de se esse scriptum,

Nep. Paus. 4, 1:

cohortem octavam decimam Lugduni, solitis sibi hibernis, relinqui placuit,

Tac. H. 1, 64. —

In partic., in reported words or thoughts (orat. obliqua) referring to the person to whom they are ascribed.

As subj. or obj., direct or indirect, with inf.:

quos Hannibal misit astrictos jure jurando se redituros esse, nisi, etc.,

Cic. Off. 1, 13, 40:

Postumius mihi nuntiavit... se a Marcello ad me missum esse,

id. Fam. 4, 12, 2:

qui dixisse fertur a se visum esse Romulum... eum sibi mandasse ut populum rogaret ut sibi eo in colle delubrum fieret: se deum esse,

id. Rep. 2, 10, 20; id. Mil. 35, 95 sqq.:

nuntium mittit... sese diutius sustinere non posse,

Caes. B. G. 2, 6 fin.:

Divitiacus Caesarem obsecrare coepit... scire se illa esse vera, nec quemquam ex eo plus quam se doloris capere... sese tamen amore fraterno commoveri,

id. ib. 1, 20:

unum se esse, qui, etc.... ob eam rem se ex civitate profugisse,

id. ib. 1, 31:

haec sibi esse curae,

id. ib. 1, 40:

non sese Gallis, sed Gallos sibi bellum intulisse,

id. ib. 1, 44:

ipsos se inter multitudinem militum occultasse,

id. ib. 7, 38:

sensit Themistocles, si eo pervenisset, sibi esse pereundum,

Nep. Them. 8, 6:

dato responso (sc. a Thyreensibus), nullam se novam societatem accepturos,

Liv. 36, 12, 8.—

In subordinate clauses, questions, exhortations, etc., with subj.

In gen.:

qui abs te taciti requirunt, cur sibi hoc oneris imposueris, cur se potissimum delegeris,

Cic. Planc. 18, 46; 2, 6; id. Marc. 10, 30:

conclamavit, quid ad se venirent?

Caes. B. G. 1, 47:

unum petere ac deprecari... ne se armis despoliaret,

id. ib. 2, 31:

ad quos cum Caesar nuntios misisset, qui postularent, eos qui sibi bellum intulissent, sibi dederent,

id. ib. 4, 16:

cur sui quicquam esse imperii trans Rhenum postularet?

id. ib.:

Cicero respondit, si ab armis discedere velint, se adjutore utantur,

id. ib. 5, 41:

Veneti legationem ad Crassum mittunt, si velit suos recipere, obsides sibi remittat,

id. ib. 7, 4:

rex ignarus quae legati ejus (Hannibalis) ad se adlaturi fuissent,

Liv. 23, 39:

hac necessitate coactus, domino navis, qui sit, aperit, multa pollicens, si se conservasset,

Nep. Them. 8, 6:

legatos in Bithyniam miserunt, qui ab rege peterent, ne inimicissimum suum secum haberent sibique dederet (for secum, v. I. A. 4. supra),

id. Hann. 12, 2.—

Esp., in subordinate clauses (sub-oblique), with subj. expressing the assertion or view of the person reported as speaking:

magnam Caesarem injuriam facere, qui vectigalia sibi deteriora faceret,

Caes. B. G. 1, 36:

quod sibi Caesar denuntiaret,

id. ib.:

sed eo deceptum, quod neque commissum a se intellegeret, quare timeret,

id. ib. 1, 14:

quod nec paratus... obsecutus esset, credidissetque, cum se vidissent Aetoli, omnia, etc.,

Liv. 35, 44, 3:

Ambiorix locutus est,... sua esse ejusmodi imperia, ut non minus haberet juris in se multitudo, quam ipse in multitudinem,

Caes. B. G. 5, 27:

Divitiacus ait,... nec quemquam ex eo plus quam se doloris capere, propterea quod per se crevisset,

id. ib. 1, 20: eos incusavit, quod sibi [p. 1796] quaerendum aut cogitandum putarent, etc., id. ib. 1, 40:

decima legio Caesari gratias egit, quod de se optimum judicium fecisset,

id. ib. 1, 41:

doluisse se, quod populi Romani beneficium sibi extorqueretur,

id. B. C. 1, 9:

tum ei dormienti eundem visum esse rogare ut, quoniam sibi vivo non subvenisset, etc.,

Cic. Div. 1, 27, 57:

Scipionem Hannibal eo ipso, quod adversus se dux potissimum lectus esset, praestantem virum credebat,

Liv. 21, 39, 8:

Pausanias orare coepit... quod si eam veniam sibi dedisset, magno ei praemio futurum,

Nep. Paus. 4, 6:

neque prius vim adhibendam putaverunt, quam se ipse indicasset,

id. ib. 4, 3:

Caesar legatos cum his mandatis mittit, Quoniam... hanc sibi populoque Romano gratiam referret,

Caes. B. G. 1, 35:

nos esse iniquos, quod in suo jure se interpellaremus,

id. ib. 1, 44:

neque ipsos in his contentionibus, quas Aedui secum habuissent, usos esse, etc.,

id. ib.:

maximae sibi laetitiae esse praedicavit, quod aliquos patria sua se meliores viros haberet,

Val. Max. 6, 4, ext. 5.—Rarely with indic. when the author asserts the action as a fact: Volero, ubi indignantium pro se acerrimus erat clamor, etc. ( = eo; cf.

infra, C.),

Liv. 2, 55, 6.—

Without reflex. reference, = an oblique case of is or ipse (in the best prose rare, and mostly where the conception of the orat. obliq. is suggested by the context; cf.

B. 2. b. supra): i, seis, jube transire huc quantum possit, se ut videant domi Familiares ( = eam),

Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 26; 1, 1, 6:

me misit miles ad Eam... ut hinc in Elatiam hodie eat secum semul,

id. Bacch. 4, 2, 9:

ut eum, qui se hic vidit, verbis vincat, ne is se viderit,

id. Mil. 2, 2, 31; cf. v. 35;

3, 2, 54: ut eam in se dignam condicicnem conlocem,

id. Trin. 1, 2, 122:

ipsi hi mihi dant viam, quo pacto ab se argentum auferam,

id. Ep. 2, 2, 9; id. Poen. 5, 2, 123:

dicit capram, quam dederam servandam sibi, etc.,

id. Merc. 2, 1, 15:

unum hoc scio, esse meritam, ut memor esses sui,

Ter. And. 1, 5, 46:

cum Epaminondas accusatur, quod ei, qui sibi ex lege praetor successerat, exercitum non tradiderit,

Cic. Inv. 1, 33, 55:

et se ipsum nobis, et eos, qui ante se fuerunt, in medio posuit,

id. ib. 2, 2, 7 (but B. and K. bracket se):

Dexo hic, quem videtis, non quae privatim sibi eripuisti, sed unicum abs te filium flagitat,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 49, § 128:

postea quam exposuit quae sibi videbantur,

id. Div. 1, 54, 122 (dub.;

B. and K. ipsi): et cum ad illum scribas, nihil te recordari de se,

id. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 7, § 23 (B. and K. bracket de se):

quem Caesar, ut erat de se meritus, donatum pronuntiavit,

Caes. B. C. 3, 53:

Caesar Rhenum transire constituit... quod auxilia contra se Treveris miserant,

id. B. G. 6, 9 init.:

Metellus... in eis urbibus, quae ad se defecerant... praesidia inponit,

Sall. J. 61, 1; 66, 1:

Bocchus flectitur, reputando quae sibi duobus proeliis venerant,

id. ib. 103, 2:

statuit urbis, quae... adversum se opportunissimae erant, circumvenire,

id. ib. 88, 4:

ipse... ex perfugis cognitis... qui cum eo (Scipione) bellum contra se gerebant,

Hirt. B. Afr. 8 fin.:

vel quia nil rectum, nisi quod placuit sibi, ducunt,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 83; id. S. 2, 8, 82:

centum boves militibus dono dedit, qui secum fuerant,

Liv. 7, 37, 3; 8, 35:

Hannibalem angebat, quod Capua pertinacius oppugnata ab Romanis quam defensa ab se... animos averterat,

id. 26, 38, 1:

alter victus fratrum ante se strage,

id. 1, 25, 11 Weissenb. ad loc.;

7, 6, 12: Caesar... omnibus qui contra se arma tulerant, ignovit,

Vell. 2, 56, 1:

quamquam obsidione Massiliae, quae sibi in itinere portas clauserat, retardante... tamen omnia subegit,

Suet. Caes. 34:

cujus rector circa se dimicans occubuerat,

id. Tib. 4:

quod eos coegit superare Lacedaemonios, quos ante se nemo ausus fuit aspicere,

Nep. Epam. 8, 3 (cf.:

ante illum,

id. Iphic. 1, 3):

quae nox sibi proxima venit, insomnis,

Luc. 5, 805.

Pron. recipr., each other, one another:

nam cum esset Praenestinis nuntiatum... patres ac plebem in semet ipsos versos,

Liv. 6, 28, 1; so very rare, except in phrase: inter se, one another, each other, mutually, reciprocally, = allêlous (prop. between or among them, among themselves, hence no ellips. of another se is to be assumed; cf. Krebs, Antibarb. p. 609; Hand, Turs. 3, p. 397 sqq.): nil cessarunt ilico Osculari atque amplexari inter se, Plaut. Mil. 5, 39; 2, 1, 61; 3, 1, 120:

video eos inter se amare,

Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 42:

neque solum colent inter se ac diligent (cf. ante: alter ab altero postulabit),

Cic. Lael. 22, 82:

Cicerones pueri amant inter se,

id. Att. 6, 1, 12; id. Q. Fr. 3, 3, 1; id. Cat. 3, 5, 13; id. N. D. 1, 44, 122:

inter se adspicere,

id. Cat. 3, 5, 13:

inter se congruere,

id. Rosc. Am. 22, 62:

complecti inter se milites coepisse,

Liv. 7, 42, 6:

ut neque inter se contingant trabes,

Caes. B. G. 7, 23; id. B. C. 1, 21:

inter se nondum satis noti,

Liv. 21, 39, 7:

populus et senatus Romanus placide modesteque inter se rempublicam tractabant,

Sall. J. 41, 2:

bellum summa inter se contentione gerere,

Cic. Rep. 1, 16, 25:

cum inter se timerent,

Nep. Dion, 4, 1; id. Eum. 4, 2: haec inter se quam repugnent, contradict one another, Cic. Tusc. 3, 29, 72; id. N. D. 1, 12, 30 (cf.: sibi repugnare, to be inconsistent with itself;

v. Krebs, Antibarb. p. 1018): inter se differre,

Caes. B. G. 1, 1:

cur legendi sint, nisi ipsi inter se, qui idem sentiunt, non intellego,

by one another, Cic. Tusc. 2, 3, 8:

quosdam inter se similis,

id. Ac. 2, 17, 55:

res inter se similes,

Quint. 9, 2, 51; 9, 4, 17. — With subst.:

adhaesitationes atomorum inter se,

Cic. Fin. 1, 6, 19:

quae res eos in bello inter se habuit,

Sall. J. 79, 3; cf.:

auxerant inter se opinionem,

their mutual regard, Liv. 21, 39, 9.—Pleon.:

vitam inter se utriusque conferte,

Cic. Rosc. Com. 7, 20:

compositis inter se rebus,

Sall. J. 66, 2:

vitatur duriorum inter se congressus,

Quint. 11, 3, 35.—Of local relation:

duas insulas propinquas inter se,

Sall. H. 1, 61 Dietsch; id. J. 98, 3:

postquam haud procul inter se erant,

id. ib. 53, 7:

haud longe inter se castra facere,

id. ib. 55, 6 (inter se, without recipr. reference, v. supra, I. A. 4.).

Idiomatic uses.

Se, with prepp., one ' s house, home; mostly ad se, apud se, to or at one ' s house, home, at home:

quae me non excludet ab se, sed apud se occludet domi,

Plaut. Men. 4, 2, 108:

postquam in aedis me ad se deduxit domum,

id. Mil. 2, 1, 43:

me ad se ad prandium, ad cenam vocant,

id. ib. 3, 1, 118: intro nos vocat ad sese, tenet intus apud se, Lucil. ap. Charis. p. 86 P.:

L. Caesar, ut veniam ad se, rogat,

Cic. Att. 15, 4, 5:

qui a me petierit ut secum et apud se essem cottidie,

id. ib. 5, 6, 1.—

Trop.:

num tibi videtur esse apud sese?

in his senses, Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 85. —

Sibi pleonast. as dat. of the interested person:

ipse autem Ariovistus tantus sibi spiritus sumpserat,

Caes. B. G. 1, 33 fin.:

tum sibi M. Pisonis domum ubi habitaret elegerat,

Cic. Phil. 2, 25, 61; cf. I. A. 2. supra. So esp. freq. in expressions of surprise or abrupt questions (commonly, but loosely called a dat. ethic.):

quid sibi vult pater? cur simulat?

Ter. And. 2, 3, 1:

quid sibi hic vestitus quaerit?

id. Eun. 3, 5, 10:

hostes admiratio cepit, quidnam sibi repentinus clamor vellet,

Liv. 44, 12, 1:

quid ergo sibi vult pars altera orationis?

id. 40, 12, 14:

mirantes, quid sibi vellet,

id. 3, 35, 5; 3, 50, 15; 4, 13, 12;

32, 25, 10: pro deum fidem quid vobis vultis?

id. 3, 67, 7. —

Sibi with suus, emphasizing the idea of possession, his own, etc. (ante- and post-class.):

cocleae... Suo sibi suco vivont,

Plaut. Capt. 1, 1, 13:

sed is quo pacto serviat suo sibi patri,

id. ib. prol. 5;

46: si ille huc salvos revenit, reddam suom sibi,

id. Trin. 1, 2, 119 Brix. ad loc.:

suam sibi rem salvam sistam,

id. Poen. 5, 2, 123:

locus argumento'st suom sibi proscaenium,

id. ib. prol. 57;

97: omnem rem inveni, ut sua sibi pecunia hodie illam faciat leno libertam suam,

id. Pers. 1, 3, 1:

suo sibi gnato,

id. As. 4, 2, 16:

hunc telo suo sibi a foribus pellere,

id. Am. 1, 1, 113:

sua sibi ingenua indoles,

id. Mil. 3, 1, 38:

suo sibi gladio hunc jugulo,

Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 35:

uvas suo sibi pampino tegito,

Col. Arb. 11:

suo sibi jure ablui,

id. R. R. 12, 7; 12, 41:

suo sibi argumento refutatus,

Gell. 5, 10, 16:

suo sibi lacte aleret,

id. 12, 1, 6:

a suis sibi parentibus,

App. M. 1, p. 104, 35:

in suis sibi domibus,

id. ib. 1, p. 106, 31; 4, p. 157, 7;

6, p. 186, 24: qui Deo... sua sibi opera praetulerunt,

Lact. 2, 5, 6; 3, 28, 20:

in suo sibi pervoluta sanguine,

App. M. 8, p. 207, 22; Vitr. 8, 7:

cum sua sibi natione captivus,

Min. Fel. 10, 4:

IN SVO SIBI POSITVS,

Inscr. Orell. 4495:

AEDEM CVM SVO SIBI HYPOGAEO,

Inscr. Rein. p. 646, 109.—In many passages in class. prose sibi occurs with suus, but retains its pronom. force:

factus consul est bis, primum ante tempus, iterum sibi suo tempore, rei publicae paene sero,

in good time for himself, Cic. Lael. 3, 11:

satis superque esse sibi suarum cuique rerum,

id. ib. 13, 45:

priusquam tu suum sibi venderes, ipse possedit,

id. Phil. 2, 37, 96:

vult ille inbecillitatis sibi suae conscius timere pituitam?

Sen. Q. N. 6, 2, 4 (v. suus II. D. 3. a).

ulter, tra, trum, adj. ( comp. ulterior, us; sup. ultimus) [cf.: uls, ollus, olim; and the advv. ultra, ultro], prop. that is beyond or on the other side. The posit. is not found, but the comp. and sup. are very freq.

Comp.: ultĕrĭor, ĭus, farther, on the farther side, that is beyond, ulterior:

quis est ulterior?

Ter. Phorm. 4, 2, 10:

quorum alter ulteriorem Galliam decernit cum Syriā, alter citeriorem,

i. e. transalpine, Cic. Prov. Cons. 15, 36:

Gallia,

id. Att. 8, 3, 3; Caes. B. G. 1, 7:

portus,

id. ib. 4, 23:

Hispania,

Suet. Caes. 7; 18; 56:

pars urbis,

Liv. 34, 20, 5:

ripa,

Verg. A. 6, 314; Vell. 2, 107, 1:

ulterius medio spatium sol altus habebat,

Ov. M. 2, 417.—

As subst.

ul-tĕrĭōres, um, m. (sc. homines), the more remote, or more distant persons, those beyond:

cum ab proximis impetrare non possent, ulteriores tentant,

Caes. B. G. 6, 2: recurritur ex proximis locis;

ulteriores non inventi,

Liv. 3, 60, 7:

proximi ripae neglegenter, ulteriores exquisitius,

Tac. G. 17.—

ultĕrĭōra, um, n. (sc. loca or negotia).

Of places, the more remote parts or regions, the districts beyond:

Mosellae pons, qui ulteriora coloniae annectit,

Tac. H. 4, 77.—

In gen., of things, that which is beyond, things beyond, farther, or in addition; things future:

ulteriora mirari, praesentia sequi,

Tac. H. 4, 8:

ut dum proxima dicimus, struere ulteriora possimus,

things beyond, what is to come, Quint. 10, 7, 8; cf.:

pudor est ulteriora loqui,

Ov. F. 5, 532; id. A. A. 3, 769:

semper et inventis ulteriora petit,

id. Am. 2, 9, 10.—

Rarely sing.: ultĕrĭus, ōris, n., something more, any thing further:

cujus (fero, tuli) praeteritum perfectum et ulterius non invenitur,

Quint. 1, 6, 26.—

Sup.: ultĭmus, a, um, that is farthest beyond, i. e. the farthest, most distant, most remote, the uttermost, extreme, last; often to be rendered as a subst., the farthest or most distant part of any thing, etc. (opp. to citimus, while extremus is opp. to intimus).

Lit., of space:

illa minima (luna) quae ultima a caeio, citima terris luce lucebat alienā,

Cic. Rep. 6, 16, 16:

partes,

id. ib. 6, 20, 20:

in ultimam provinciam se conjecit,

id. Att. 5, 16, 4:

devehendum in ultimas maris terrarumque oras,

Liv. 21, 10, 12:

orae,

Plaut. Most. 4, 3, 3; Hor. C. 3, 3, 45; Liv. 5, 37, 2:

campi,

Plaut. Rud. 4, 3, 95:

Hesperia,

Hor. C. 1, 36, 4:

Africa,

id. ib. 2, 18, 4:

Geloni,

id. ib. 2, 20, 18:

in plateā ultimā,

Plaut. Curc. 2, 2, 28; id. Mil. 3, 1, 15:

in ultimis aedibus,

Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 29:

spelunca draconis,

Phaedr. 4, 18, 3:

cauda,

i. e. the end of, Plin. 9, 5, 4, § 11:

mors ultima linea rerum est,

Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 79.—

Subst.

ultĭmi, ōrum, m. (sc. homines), the farthest or most remote people:

recessum primis ultimi non dabant,

Caes. B. G. 5, 43.—

ultĭma, ōrum, n. (sc. negotia), the farthest or most remote things:

praeponens ultima primis,

Hor. S. 1, 4, 59:

ultima signant,

the goal, Verg. A. 5, 317.—

Rarely sing.: ultĭmum, i, n., the last, the end:

caelum ipsum, quod extremum atque ultimum mundi est,

Cic. Div. 2, 43, 91.—

Transf.

Of time or order of succession, the remotest, earliest, oldest, first; the last, latest, final:

ultimi et proximi temporis recordatio,

Cic. Prov. Cons. 18, 43:

tam multis ab ultimā antiquitate repetitis,

id. Fin. 1, 20, 65:

tempora,

id. Leg. 1, 3. 8:

initium,

Auct. Her. 1, 9, 14:

principium,

Cic. Inv. 2, 2, 5:

memoria pueritiae,

id. Arch. 1, 1:

memoria saeculorum,

Just. 12, 16, 3:

vetustas hominum,

id. 2, 1, 20:

sanguinis auctor,

Verg. A. 7, 49:

ultima quid referam?

Ov. H. 14, 109: scilicet ultima semper Exspectanda dies homini est, last, id.M. 3, 135:

aetas est de ferro,

id. ib. 1, 127:

vox,

id. ib. 3, 499:

dicta,

id. ib. 9, 126:

lapis,

i. e. a gravestone, Prop. 1, 17, 20: cerae, i. e. a last will, testament, Mart. 4, 70, 2:

aetas,

Quint. 12, 4, 2:

senectus,

id. 11, 1, 10:

virtute pares, necessitate, quae ultimum ac maximum telum est, superiores estis,

Liv. 4, 28, 5:

decurritur ad illud extremum atque ultimum senatus consultum,

Caes. B. C. 1, 5. —As subst.: ultĭma, ōrum, n.:

perferto et ultima exspectato,

final events, the end, Cic. Fam. 7, 17, 2:

ultima vitae,

Calp. Ecl. 3, 91.—Rarely sing.:

matrem ultimo aetatis affectam,

Aus. Vict. Or. Gent. Rom. 10.—Adverb.:

si fidem ad ultimum fratri praestitisset,

to the last, Liv. 45, 19, 17; 3, 64, 8; 3, 64, 11; also (more freq.) at last, lastly, finally, = ad extremum, ad postremum, postremo:

si qualis in cives, talis ad ultimum in liberos esset,

Liv. 1, 53, 10; 5, 10, 8; 3, 10, 3:

ne se ad ultimum perditum irent,

id. 26, 27, 10; so,

ultimo,

Suet. Ner. 32 fin.; Petr. 20, 139;

and, ultimum,

for the last time, Liv. 1, 29, 3; Curt. 5, 12, 8; App. M. 2, p. 126.—

Of degree or rank, and denoting the highest as well as the lowest extreme of either.

The utmost, extreme, the highest, first, greatest, = summus, extremus:

summum bonum, quod ultimum appello,

Cic. Fin. 3, 9, 30:

ultimae perfectaeque naturae,

id. N. D. 2, 12, 33:

ut absit ab ultimis vitiis ipse praeceptor ac schola,

Quint. 2, 2, 15:

ultimae causae cur perirent, etc.,

Hor. C. 1, 16, 18:

scelus,

Curt. 5, 12, 17:

rex ad ultimum periculum venit,

id. 7, 6, 22:

facinus,

id. 8, 8, 2; 6, 3, 13; 6, 9, 11:

necessitas,

id. 9, 12, 6; Liv. 2, 43, 3; 3, 4, 9; Sen. Clem. 1, 12, 5:

ad ultimam inopiam adducere,

Liv. 6, 3, 4; 37, 31, 2:

ad ultimos casus servari,

id. 27, 10, 11:

dedecus,

Curt. 9, 5, 11:

exsecrationes,

Just. 24, 2, 8: ultimum supplicium, extreme (i. e. capital) punishment, Caes. B. C. 1, 84; so,

poena,

Liv. 3, 58, 10; Plin. Ep. 2, 11, 8:

desperatio,

Tac. H. 2, 48; 2, 44; Curt. 10, 8, 9; Liv. 42, 66, 1; Sen. Contr. 4, 29, 2:

discrimen ultimum vitae et regni,

Liv. 37, 53, 16; 23, 21, 2:

ad ultimam perductus tristitiam,

Petr. 24.—Esp., as subst.: ultĭ-ma, ōrum, n.:

omnia ultima pati,

every extremity, the worst, Liv. 37, 54, 2:

ultima pati,

Ov. M. 14, 483; id. Tr. 3, 2, 11; Curt. 3, 1, 6:

ultima audere,

Liv. 3, 2, 11:

priusquam ultima experirentur,

id. 2, 28, 9.—Rarely sing.:

paene in ultimum gladiorum erupit impunitas,

Vell. 2, 125, 2:

ad ultimum inopiae adducere,

to the last degree. Liv. 23, 19, 2; 31, 38, 1:

ad ultimum periculi pervenire,

Curt. 8, 1, 15.— Trop.:

ut in pecude, nisi quae vis obstitit, videmus naturam suo quodam itinere ad ultimum pervenire,

Cic. N. D. 2, 13, 35.—Adverb.:

ad ultimum pro fide morituri,

Curt. 3, 1, 7:

consilium sceleratum, sed non ad ultimum demens,

in the extreme, utterly, to the last degree, Liv. 28, 28, 8.—

The lowest, meanest (very rare):

qui se Philippum regiaeque stirpis ferebat, cum esset ultimae,

Vell. 1, 11, 1:

principibus placuisse viris non ultima laus est,

Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 35: ultima sit laudes inter ut illa tuas, Auct. Cons. ad Liv. 17:

ultima pistoris illa uxor,

the worst, App. M. 9, p. 224, 26.— Subst.:

ut vigiliis et labore cum ultimis militum certaret (consul),

Liv. 34, 18, 5:

in ultimis laudum,

id. 30, 30, 4:

in ultimis ponere,

the lowest, meanest things, Plin. 17, 12, 18, § 91.